Future clinical mycology laboratories will increasingly utilize DNA-based methods for the recognition of pathogenic fungi in patient specimens and for the identification of fungal isolates. Although the reagents and protocols vary greatly, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and oligonucleotide probes are central to these procedures. This article will review concepts and strategies for the design of DNA probes and primers for the PCR, practical considerations for the implemention of DNA-based laboratory procedures, the application of DNA methods to population studies and epidemiology, and current identification of fungi in clinical material and in culture. Molecular evolutionary basis of DNA primer and probe design PCR, with or without subsequent oligonucleotide probe detection, can be used to detect and identify a group of target organisms to the exclusion of all other species [26]. The objective is to design PCR primers, which are usually oligonucleotides about 20-25 bases in length, that exactly complement DNA sequences shared by all members of the target group (the target group can consist of one or many species), but which contain at least one base mismatch to the species that must be excluded from detection. The greater the number of mismatches to the non-target organisms, the easier it is to discriminate them from the target group. These considerations are the basis for the design of both oligonucleotide probes and amplification primers. Any molecular diagnostic system should be designed to address clinically relevant questions to avoid spending effort on making fine but unnecessary distinctions. Understanding the kinds of questions that DNA-based systems can resolve will assist the physician and clinical laboratorian in discussions with the molecular researcher. The design of PCR primers and probes is fundamentally dependent on evolution at the DNA level. In general, the more time that has elapsed since two species shared a common ancestor, the more different they will be at the DNA level and the easier it will be to find a primer binding site that can distinguish between them. If species are close relatives (i.e. recently shared a common ancestor), it may be more difficult to detect one of them while excluding the other. A group of organisms that share a common ancestor will share mutations that arose during the descent of that common ancestor, assuming that at least some of those mutations have remained unchanged while the group diversified into separate species. The regions of these mutations, which distinguish the


Objective
To establish a preoperative risk scoring system for elderly patients with hip fracture on the basis of investigation into the factors influencing their mortality during hospitalization.

Methods
The data were collected from the database of hospitalization summary reports (HSR) of Beijing Public Health Commission concerning the 14,577 patients who had been 55 years old or older and hospitalized for hip fracture from January 1, 2006 throughout December 31, 2010 at the 35 top-rank hospitals in Beijing. They were divided into a surgery group and a non-surgery group. Two multivariable risk-adjustment models were established for the 2 groups on the basis of an investigation into the factors influencing their mortality during hospitalization. Finally a preoperative risk scoring system for elderly patients with hip fracture was formulated according to the valuation of the least common multiples of β coefficients of the risk factors.

Results
Besides senior age and male gender, 10 different comorbidities were independently associated with in-hospital mortality, particularly pulmonary embolism, respiratory failure, renal failure and diabetes. The risk for inpatient mortality associated with a specific comorbidity was relatively higher in the surgery group than in the non-surgery group. The risk-adjustment models based on the variables had better accuracy in predicting in-hospital mortality (ROC=0.91 in surgery group versus ROC=0.85 in non-surgery group). In our preoperative risk scoring system for elderly patients with hip fracture, 10 points were for an age of 65 to 74 years old, 14 points for an age of 75 to 84 years old, 18 points for an age beyond 85 years old, 4 points for male gender, 20 points for pulmonary embolism, 18 points for respiratory failure, 10 points for renal insufficiency, 8 points for diabetes, 8 points for heart failure, 7 points for malignant tumor, 7 points for lung infection, 7 points for disturbance of water, electrolyte and acid-base balance, 6 points for arrhythmia, and 6 points for cerebral infarction, totaling 119 points.

Conclusions
The primary risk factors for in-hospital mortality in the elderly patients with hip fracture seem to be senior age, male gender and 10 different comorbidities. A preoperative risk scoring system has been successfully established for elderly patients with hip fracture.

Key words:
Hip; Fracture, bone; Aged; Comorbidities; Mortality


Emerging in the nineteenth century as a separate scholarly discipline, anthropology initially dealt primarily with the study of nonWestern tribal cultures. In the early twentieth century, however, anthropological interests began to shift to include the study of all types of human groups. During the 1920s the first anthropological studies of cities were done. In the 1930s and 1940s Robert Redfield and his associates in the Yucatan, W. L. Warner and his associates in Newburyport, Massachusetts, and Horace Miner in Africa were early contributors to what is now called &dquo;urba.n anthropology.&dquo;' A holistic approach to cities characterized their work-the city itself became the unit of study. In addition, great emphasis was placed on understanding the nature of the relationship between the city and the culture of which it was a part-i.e., the city's &dquo;cultural role.&dquo; The social organization of the city was also investigated. Moreover, these early studies developed theoretical conceptions. For example, Redfield developed the &dquo;folk-urban continuum&dquo; (which Miner used as the basis of his


The paper presents some aspects regarding the conception and construction of an experimental test rig used for studies concerning friction phenomenon of threads immersed in oil, maintained in a state of motion with constant velocity. The structure of the experimental test rig, testing methodology, experimental results and the applicability of the experimental set-up were detailed. To validate the experimental equipment and method, the obtained values were correlated with those obtained analytically. A good correlation was found, which attests the applicability of the test rig and method.


The slippery lubricant-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) are endowed with good pressure stability, self-repairing performance and omniphobic due to the fluid lubricant layer. However, the problem that the lubricant is easily...


Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) is a renewable and completely biodegradable material. However, due to its semirigid molecular chain, asymmetric carbon atoms, and poor regularity of the molecular chain, PLLA has poor crystallization ability and is almost amorphous under the traditional processing conditions, resulting in poor toughness and thermal resistance that severely limit its widespread use. In this work, biodegradable poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL), a rubbery polymer, was added into PLLA to promote the mobility of PLLA molecular chains and then exerted the strong shear flow field generated by multiflow vibration injection molding (MFVIM) technology. The results demonstrate that the coexistence of ductile PCL and strong shear field could improve the crystallization ability and thermal resistance of PLLA significantly. The crystallinity increases to 40.7% and the Vicat softening temperature is up to 138.4 °C. Finally, a strength–toughness-balanced PLLA material is obtained, which can widen the application range of PLLA.


This paper presents a new hyper chaos-based image encryption algorithm which makes use of dynamic DNA coding and SHA-256. Different DNA encoding rules are adopted for different pixels, according to a random matrix generated by a five-dimension hyper-chaotic system with the initial value related to the SHA-256 hash value of the plaintext image. Since the initial values of the five-dimension hyper-chaos system are related to the hash value of the explicit image, the five-dimension hyper-chaos system generates distinct key streams per plain text image, even for the same initial conditions of the chaos system. Therefore, the new encryption algorithm can withstand the chosen-plaintext attacks. Moreover, the dynamic encoding technology enhances the security of the ciphertext image. The result of this experiment and relevant safety analysis show that the algorithm has a large space and good tatistical characteristics of cipher image. In addition, the ciphertext is very impressible to the plaintext and the secret key, can bear chosen-plaintext attacks. As a result, this new algorithm has good application prospects in image secure communication and storage applications.


We describe Caroline, a mission proposal submitted to the European Space Agency in 2010 in response to the Cosmic Visions M3 call for medium-sized missions. Caroline would have travelled to a Main Belt Comet (MBC), characterizing the object during a flyby, and capturing dust from its tenuous coma for return to Earth. MBCs are suspected to be transition objects straddling the traditional boundary between volatile–poor rocky asteroids and volatile–rich comets. The weak cometary activity exhibited by these objects indicates the presence of water ice, and may represent the primary type of object that delivered water to the early Earth. The Caroline mission would have employed aerogel as a medium for the capture of dust grains, as successfully used by the NASA Stardust mission to Comet 81P/ Wild 2. We describe the proposed mission design, primary elements of the spacecraft, and provide an overview of the science instruments and their measurement goals. Caroline was ultimately not selected by the European Space Agency during the M3 call; we briefly reflect on the pros and cons of the mission as proposed, and how current and future mission MBC mission proposals such as Castalia could best be approached. 2018 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).


In the long history of the world literature,every nation has more or less developed its own literary forms. When translating these literary terms which are unique to some country or a special cultural circle,we should not apply to the ready-made words which are similar or approximate in meaning,instead,a new word is expected to be coined so as to make the translation contain the original freshness and peculiarity.This article discusses four medieval European poetic forms,Romance,Lay,Fabliau and Ballad,on the basis of etymology and the basic literary features,and put forward the authors'own suggestion to the translation of the literary terms concerned.


Machine-learning generative methods for material design are constructed by representing a given chemical structure, either a solid or a molecule, over appropriate atomic features, generally called structural descriptors. These must be fully descriptive of the system, must facilitate the training process and must be invertible, so that one can extract the atomic configurations corresponding to the output of the model. In general, this last requirement is not automatically satisfied by the most efficient structural descriptors, namely the representation is not directly invertible. Such drawback severely limits our freedom of choice in selecting the most appropriate descriptors for the problem, and thus our flexibility to construct generative models. In this work, we present a general optimization method capable of inverting any local many-body descriptor of the chemical environment, back to a cartesian representation. The algorithm is then implemented together with the bispectrum representation of the local structure and demonstrated for a number of molecules. The scheme presented here, thus, represents a general approach to the inversion of structural descriptors, enabling the construction of efficient structural generative models.


Known bar windings and pulled coils are made of bent bar conductors with a constant cross section and thus insuffi ciently use the space available in the winding overhang. In addition, because of the bending radii to be respected, in particular in high-pole machines, long connection sections are obtained in relation to the pitch value, so that weight losses are increased. The disclosed shaped conductors are produced without bending radii in a single piece according to their final shape. Their cross section varies in the winding overhangs, so that the space available is utilized to a high extent and short connection sections are produced. Succes sive shaped conductors are arranged in different layers, so that interlaced multiphase double layers are produced. The length of a conductor lane formed by shaped conductors connected in series is independent from the depth of the grooves and all phase conductors of an interlaced double layer have the same design. Enlarged connection sites acces sible at all times to all front faces of the winding overhangs are obtained by shaped conductors with asymmetric ends assembled in pairs before mounting. Motors and generators equipped with said shaped conductors are characterized by high efficiency and power densities.


Research suggests that, for the design of simple mechanisms, sketching and
prototyping are somewhat interchangeable in terms of their influence on design idea quantity and
quality. This study explores whether this interchangeability holds true for a product design
activity. Three conditions are compared: sketching only, prototyping only, and both prototyping
& sketching. A design evaluation metric, idea distance, is proposed to evaluate the breadth
of design space exploration. Results showed that individuals who sketched generated more
ideas and had more creative final designs, while individuals who prototyped had designs
that performed better functionally. Greater idea distance was found to correlate with more
creative ideas. However, exploring too broad a design space reduced the depth of design
idea exploration, and was negatively linked to the functional performance of the final design.


Air evolution in kerosene under the effect of gravity flow with various hydraulic resistances in the pipeline was studied experimentally. The study was conducted at pressure ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 bar and temperature varying between -20°C and +20°C. Through these experiments, the oversaturation limit beyond which dissolved air starts evolving intensively from the fuel was established and the correlations for the calculation of pressure losses and air evolution on local loss elements were obtained. A method of calculating two-phase flow behaviour in a titled pipeline segment with very low mass flow quality and fairly high volume flow quality was developed. The complete set of empirical correlations obtained by experimental analysis was implemented in the engineering code. The software simulation results were repeatedly verified against our experimental findings and Airbus test data to show that the two-phase flow simulation agrees quite well with the experimental results obtained in the complex branched pipelines.


Herbicidal components of Cephalotaxus sinensis against Amaranthus retroflexus were isolated by bioassay-guided separation.The main active components were alkaloids in chloroform partition(derived) from the ethanol extract.Drupacine,cephalotaxine and 11-hydroxycephalotaxine were isolated from the chloroform partition first by silica gel column chromatography(CC) and then by aluminum oxide CC respectively,and(identified) by IR,MS,()~1H NMR.The herbicidal activity of drupacine and 11-hydroxycephalotaxine were much higher than cephalotaxine.The inhibitory rates of drupacine and 11-hydroxycephalotaxine to the growth of root and stem of Amaranthus retroflexus were nearly or more than 80% at 1 mg/mL(concentration).


As a intersecting subject of history and medicine,history of medicine not only involves every subject of medicine but also relates to social humanities widely.History of medicine plays an important role in education of humanistic quality in higher medical colleges.To promote merging humanistic education and medical education,humanistic quality education permeating through medical education,it is necessary to offer history of medicine in medical colleges.


The paper presents a boost converter design for medical ultrasound transmitters, particularly applying to a pulsed Doppler ultrasound system. A dual mode controller is employed for the boost converter to maintain high efficiency over a wide load range. The device operates from a 3.3-V supply, capable of producing a 10V output DC voltage. Simulated results exhibit the capability of the designed boost converter can supply 500 mA maximum current with the peak efficiency over 92%, and achieves more than 75% efficiency with a light load of above 10 mA.


A method of manufacturing an impact absorbing device has following steps: a) providing a matrix volume (101); b) providing a tape-like device (107) with elongated metal elements; c) press-molding the matrix volume (101); d) attaching said tape-like device (107) to the press-molded matrix volume (101). This two-step approach allows more freedom in the design of the impact absorbing device and complex structures can be obtained.


Roland Barthes. Image‐Music‐Text. Essays selected and translated by Stephen Heath. New York: Hill and Wang, 1977. 220 pp. Introductory note, index. $4.95, paper. Claude Levi‐Strauss. Myth and Meaning. New York: Schocken Books, 1979. 60 pp. Introductory note. $2.95, paper.


The implementation of Modernising Medical Careers (MMC) has led medical graduates to make career choices at an earlier stage. An application to specialty training occurs at approximately 18 months post graduation, allowing an individual a relatively short time to experience a specialty prior to selection. In addition, time spent in theatre, clinics or even emergency experience has been greatly reduced due to the shift pattern of work enforced to meet the European Working Time Regulations. It is foreseeable that early training or experience in subspecialised areas such as otolaryngology may suffer in an attempt to maximise an individual's capabilities within the generic areas of surgery – general surgery and orthopaedics.


When tribal communities hear the word "evaluation," it often invokes a reactive fear and a sense of disempowerment. This dynamic is based on the historical trauma experienced in tribal communities, as well as their continuing experience of deficit‐based evaluations. In addressing questions that are important for a western scientific audience, evaluators invariably overlook more relevant and valid areas of cultural learning and development. Such deficit‐based evaluation practices must be replaced by more culturally responsive evaluation practice that engages fully with tribal communities, and where all involved have a commitment to cultural ways of knowing and learning. Evaluation must embark upon the process of engaging with cultural strengths in a manner that empowers Indigenous communities and builds Indigenous knowledge. This allows for both the generation and honoring of Indigenous knowledge development. This chapter describes the process of developing an evaluation roadmap to do just this task within an American Indian child welfare context.


Based on an analysis of basalt geochemical characteristics of Amushan Formation(western Ganquan Formation) of Upper Carboniferous Xiaodushan Stage-Lower Permian Zisong Stage and the basalt type,this paper deals with the rock characteristics and tectonic environment.Previous studies have already revealed the basic type of Carboniferous-Permian basin.The Zr/TiO2-Nb/Y,SiO2-TFeO/MgO and Zr-Y-Nb diagrams show that the basalt in Ejin Banner and its vicinities is mainly of the sub-alkaline tholeiite series.Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are right-oblique curves;the relatively high(La/Yb)N and low(Gd/Lu)N indicate that light rare earth elements have experienced obvious fractionation,but heavy rare earth elements have been only subjected to week fractionation,and δEu=0.87~1.11,without remarkable Eu depletion;N-MORB-normalized spider diagram shows relatively high abundances of K2O,Rb,Ba,Th and low abundances of Hf,Nb,Y.Through an analysis of Zr-Zr/Y and Ta/Hf-Th/Hf diagrams,it is considered that the basalt in the study area should be of the sub-alkaline tholeiite series occurring in the rift valley,and Ejin Banner and its vicinities entered into an intracontinental evolution period,being a rift basin by tension.


The assumption that safety hazards in construction projects are independent leads to a weak foundation for risk assessments, and related management strategies may be biased. Therefore, understanding interdependencies of hazards is critical to risk assessment in construction safety. This study proposed a qualitative–quantitative hybrid approach to delineating hazard associations. Based on the hazard network model for an elevator installation, we identified the characteristics of the hazard network and determined critical hazard types based on the hazard associations. The main conclusions are: (a) the hazard network topology is characterized by an extremely sparse hazard association distribution, few centers and highly cohesive interrelationships; (b) management should focus on various hazard mitigation strategies rather than relying on causal relationships; (c) 'wrong sequence' due to human error is the most critical 'gatekeeper' for the various hazards. Our findings contribute to the body of knowledge by revealing characteristics of hazard interdependencies.


This paper describes the process of technique and methodology for the development of a traffic and transport model for urban transportation planning. The model was developed as part of the Study on Traffic and Transport Master Plan for Regional Cities: the Nong Khai city, supported by Office of the Commission  for the Management of Land Traffic (OCMLT) in 2001. The model was developed by using TRIPS program and applying the Traditional 4-Step Transportation Planning model for forecasting travel demand in horizon years. Both primary and secondary data such as traffic flow data. Physical data of road network. O-1) matrix, number of population. Students, employees and employment in cache   zone. And so on were collected in this study. The results showed that after the appropriate calibration and validation. TRIPS was capable of systematically and effectively prediction travel demand as well as evaluating traffic and transport plans or projects proposed to resolve and improve the traffic and transport problems in the study area.


Target recognition is a key aspect for many applications. Rapidly maturing small sensor platforms continually require better, more agile sensor performance coupled with smaller, lighter, and faster sensor implementations. Additionally, longer range applications necessitate more efficient use of photons received from active illumination. We describe a potential approach to overcoming both issues based on photon counting laser radar, which performs pattern recognition using images with very few detected photo-events. Previous work using intensity images show near ideal pattern recognition with as low as 50 photo-detections. We investigate through simulation an extension of prior work to 3D point cloud imagery.


Psychiatric Disorder among the Yoruba by A. LEIGHTON and his associates demon strates that Western epidemiological techniques for the study of psychiatric disorder are adaptable to a non-literate African population. According to this pilot study, the prevalence and pattern of disorder among the Yoruba are not very different from those of a previously studied rural Nova Scotia popula tion. (This book will be reviewed from the anthropological viewpoint in the next issue of Transcultural Psychiatric Research.) In one of the few psychoanalytic studies dealing with an African group, Die Weissen Denken Zuviel, PARIN and his coworkers describe the application of a modified psychoanalytic technique to the Dogon of West Africa. The personality structure of the Dogon differs from that of Western people in several respects, e.g. in the type of ego-defense mechanism favored, in the predominance of identificatory relationships, and in the heightened importance of human relationships in general. JAKOVLJEVIG describes the type of psychiatric disorders he observed during his two and a half years as government psychiatrist in African Guinea. The general picture of mental health needs and services in Liberia, West Africa, is presented by HERTZ. He points out that an increasingly less tolerant attitude towards psychosis on the part of the Liberian family may necessitate increased psychiatric facilities in the future. PAYET and his group point out that gastro duodenal ulcers are not uncommon in African negroes. They conclude from their studies that similar psychological factors operate in the production of ulcers in Africa and Europe.


A new examination of the theory of pseudo-potentials, necessitated by the discovery that smoothness of the pseudo-wave function is not a relevant criterion for their effectiveness, provides an understanding of the analytic properties of pseudo-potentials in terms of their pseudo-core energies Ecprime. In particular, it is found for Hermitian pseudo-potentials that, if Ecprime greater, similar , the Born series cannot have good convergence properties, but, for Ecprime = 0, the series has good asymptotic convergence. The new pseudo-potential, with Ecprime = 0, is the correct form to use at all energies, but differs substantially from other forms only at higher energies. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by a model calculation.


Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems (DCOPs) are a suitable formulation for coordinating interactions (i.e. constraints) in cooperative multi-agent systems. The traditional DCOP model assumes that variables owned by the agents can take only discrete values and constraints' cost functions are defined for every possible value assignment of a set of variables. While this formulation is often reasonable, there are many applications where the decision variables are continuous-valued and constraints are in functional form. To overcome this limitation, Continuous DCOPs (C-DCOPs), an extension of the DCOPs model has been proposed that is able to formulate problems having continuous variables. The existing methods for solving C-DCOPs come with a huge computation and communication overhead. In this paper, we apply continuous nonlinear optimization methods on Cooperative Constraint Approximation (CoCoA) algorithm, which is a non-iterative, fast incomplete local search approach for solving DCOPs. We empirically show that our algorithm is able to provide high-quality solutions at the expense of smaller communication cost and execution time compared to the state-of-the-art C-DCOP algorithms.


The main objective of the present study is to investigate the efficiency of seed sludge for the production of biogas from rice mill effluent using up flow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor. Response surface methodology coupled with three factors three level Box-Behnken response surface design was used to study the treatment process statistically. Effects of temperature, alkalinity dose, and flow rate on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and biogas production were investigated and second order polynomial mathematical models were developed for the responses with high coefficient of determination values (R2 > 0.99). Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the adequacy of developed mathematical models and three dimensional response surface plots were constructed to study the interactive effects of process variables on the treatment efficiency. Optimum conditions were found to be temperature of 40 °C, alkalinity dose of 1.5 g CaCO3/l and wastewater flow rate of 6 l d−1. Under these conditions 87% of...


Innovation has in recent years been getting an increasingly important role in both industrial policy and in the academic discourse. In both the United States and the European Union policy-makers have tried to kick start slumbering economies by launching new innovation policies and academics write about innovation like never before. In this environment, Sweden has become something of a role model and is often mentioned in rankings of the world's most innovative countries. A number of successful startups in Stockholm have led to a lot of attention being paid to the ICT sector and parallels are often drawn to California's Silicon Valley. Simultaneously, a development toward increased focus on the importance of geography to innovative activities within both policy and research can be discerned. Through quantitative analysis of newly-presented data, this thesis exposes the changing geographical patterns of Swedish ICT innovation during four decades. The findings suggest that the Stockholm dominance was in fact more significant in the 1970s and 1980s than in the 2000s, and that the development of the spatial concentration of innovation output has gone from decreasing in the 1970s and 1980s to increasing in the 1990s and early 2000s. (Less)


[eng] Dimensions of the functional transformations of family farming under market pressure in Poland . . The author deals with origins of current difficulties generated within family farms in Poland. The following factors are taken into consideration : particular linkage pattern of farms in the system of collectivized economy, partially mobile functionning space, quasi-monopolist position on the food market, functionning peculiarities, ho- mogenization of farms, an autonomy implied by off-agriculture dimensions and reproducing singularities, extraordinary : rente, accumulation, amortization. All these factors make the author to point out that the family farms in Poland have become symbiosis units with the collectivized economy, i.e. the units unable to work as well as to reproduce in any other socio-economic environment. [fre] L'auteur examine l'origine des difficultes actuelles des exploitations familiales en Pologne. Une forme particuliere d'implantation des exploitations dans l'economie collectivisee, l'espace du fonctionnement partiellement mobile, la position quasi-monopoliste sur le marche alimentaire, les specificites du fonctionnement, l'homogeneisation des exploitations, l'autonomie creee par les facteurs hors agricoles et de la reproduction, la rente extraordinaire, l'accumulation et l'amortissement permettent de constater que les exploitations familiales de Pologne sont devenues des unites symbiotiques par rapport a l'economie collectivisee, alors incapables de fonctionner et de se reproduire dans un autre environnement socio-economique.


Three prime‐focus horns have been optimized to cover different frequency bands around the 12‐mm‐wavelength radio‐astronomy bands. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2537–2543, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23747


Introduction: Pheromones play a major role in the sexual and social behavior of animals. The main sources of pheromones are urine and paracrine secretions. Pheromones can affect the mammals reproductive physiology. The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is located in the base of nasal cavity and VNO has some effects on amygdal; stimulating the amygdal hence could affectthe mammal's sexual behavior. Through the neuroendocrine system, testosterone is a safe parameter to measure and compare the effects on the sexual behavior. With regard to the neuroendocrine system, testosterone is a safe parameter for measuring the effects of pheromones on sexual behaviors. In this research, we have investigated the of pheromone interaction on sexual behaviors such as intercourse, mating and being near a pregnant female, also paternal behavior after children's birth, have been investigated. Materials and Methods: The effects of sexual pheromones were determined with a special cage without any sensory stimulation interference, such as visual, auditory, tactile senses (3.58±0.38 ng/mL). Results: Proximity between a female and a male rat increased plasma levels of testosterone rapidly(10.59±2.25 ng/mL, P<0.01). Mating caused a decrease in testosterone levels comparing to premate groups (4.32±0.95 ng/mL, P<0.05). During pregnancy, the testosterone levels increased up to the second week (6.11±1.58 ng/mL, P<0.017) then decreased rapidly(1.65±0.37 ng/mL, P<0.017). After birth of children, the father rat testosterone levels decreased gradually (0.36±0.14 ng/mL, P<0.017). But the presence of the father rat's near the strange child rat, the plasma levels of testosterone to increase significantly compared to the increase in mating groups(8.46±1.26 ng/mL, P<0.017). Concussion: These findings suggest that female sexual pheromones and different fatherhood and sexual behaviors, directly affect plasma levels of testosterone and can subsequently affect mating rats' reproductive activities.


Nowadays the competition of the sports is severely higher than ever,the load of the training is almost approach the utmost of man and the rate of the happening of over-training is more frequent.For the aim of further understanding and resolving the problem,this paper sums up the relevant index in monitoring over-training basing on summarizing the researches home and abroad.


After demonetization in INDIA, eWallets are very actively participating for financial transactions in Indian economy. Very huge population in INDIA, today,is using eWallets. In one side, eWallets are providing very convenience in shopping and online transactions and on another side people are fearing for any online frauds because some eWallets are not following fraud proof security practices, they are using Software security practices like password only. Passwords can sometime be easy breakable or can be stolen online. Hardware level security in various e-Wallets, which are active in INDIA, can reduce these types of frauds. Through hardware level security the e-Wallet would be more secure and can be used freely without worry of fraud. To implement hardware level security measure, application developers have to code applications from scratch. Developers need to find a way so that recoding of application can be avoided.


Doubly doped YVO 4 :Pb 2+ , Eu 3+ red phosphor materials with fixed Eu 3+ concentration (5 mol%) and varying Pb 2+ concentration were prepared via a self-propagating (combustion) synthesis. This consisted of bringing a saturated aqueous solution of the desired metal salts and a suitable organic fuel to the boil, until the mixture ignited and a self-sustaining and rather fast combustion reaction initiated, resulting in dry, amorphous or usually crystalline fine particles of the desired material. The formation of crystalline vanadates was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. A strong emission line at 619 nm due to the 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 transition in the red region was observed. Defects, created by gamma radiation, were studied by means of photoluminescence, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and electron spin resonance. Photoluminescence studies display considerable reduction in emission intensity which appears to arise due to the formation of defect centres after irradiation. The defect centres formed in the present system are tentatively assigned to F + centres and step annealing measurements suggest a connection between these centres and the TSL glow peak.


Summary form only given. Semiconductor core optical fibres offer the exciting prospect of performing non-linear optics and signal processing in a geometry that is inherently compatible with today's fibre optical networks. To fully exploit the potential of these fibres it is important that they can be fabricated with core sizes of the order of 1 μm, or less, so as to enhance their non-linear optical parameter and facilitate low loss integration with standard fibres. In this paper we report on the fabrication of such fibres and present a route to improving the material quality, and hence reducing the losses, via laser annealing [1]. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) optical fibres with core sizes ranging in diameter from 0.8 - 1.7 μm were fabricated using the well-established high pressure microfluidic chemical deposition technique [2]. The micro-Raman spectrum for the as-deposited core material is shown in Fig 1(a) and clearly demonstrates the characteristic broad peak of a-Si at 480 cm-1. The losses of this material are typically as high as 50 dB/cm, and it is therefore unsuitable for the fabrication of the majority of optical devices. To improve the transmission properties, a CW argon ion laser operating at 488 nm and a power of - 2 W was focused onto the core to anneal the material to a crystalline phase. The photon energy at this wavelength is - 2.5 eV which is much greater than the indirect band-gap energy of silicon, 1.1 eV. Thus the photons are strongly absorbed and generate a plasma of free electrons that causes the core to heat up via phonon assisted recombination. A set of high precision stages were used to ensure that the core was kept at the laser's focal point whilst being scanned through the beam. The Raman spectra of an annealed fibre and a single crystal reference are juxtaposed in Fig. 1(b). The difference in peak position for the fibre core spectrum is a consequence of the residual stress associated with the mismatch between the thermal expansion coefficients of the silica cladding and the silicon core materials. Voigt fitting of the spectra shows that they both have a Lorentzian component with a linewidth of 2.7 cm-1, indicating a highly crystalline core material. The optical transmission loss of this annealed silicon optical fibre was measured at an operating wavelength of 1550 nm to be 5.6 dB/cm over a 1mm length, representing the lowest loss that has been reported for a crystalline silicon optical fibre with a sub-micron radius core. Subsequent TEM measurements revealed that large millimetre scale single crystal sections of core material were produced using this technique. We will discuss our efforts to increase the annealed core to a length that is suitable for practical device fabrication, as evidenced by the consistent Raman spectral width measured over 13 mm in Fig. 1(c). We anticipate that this work will lead to the development of in-fibre semiconductor devices that can be seamlessly integrated with the standard single mode fibres found in today's optical networks.


Background: Lateral Patella dislocations are common injuries seen in the active and young adult populations. Our study focus was to evaluate medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury patterns and associated knee pathology using Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies. Methods: MRI studies taken at one imaging site between January, 2007 to January, 2008 with the final diagnosis of patella dislocation were screened for this study. Of the 324 cases that were found, 195 patients with lateral patellar dislocation traumatic enough to cause bone bruises on the lateral femoral trochlea and the medial facet of the patella were selected for this study. The MRI images were reviewed by three independent observers for location and type of MPFL injury, osteochondral defects, loose bodies, MCL and meniscus tears. The data was analyzed as a single cohort and by gender. Results: This study consisted of 127 males and 68 females; mean age of 23 yrs. Tear of the MPFL at the patellar attachment occurred in 93/195 knees (47%), at the femoral attachment in 50/195 knees (26%), and at both the femoral and patella attachment sites in 26/195 knees (13%). Attenuation of the MPFL without rupture occurred in 26/195 knees (13%). Associated findings included loose bodies in 23/195 (13%), meniscus tears 41/195 (21%), patella avulsion/fracture in 14/


Objective:To observe the effect of Rongjingtang(RJT) on expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α in knee osteoarthritis(OA) in rabbits,in order to investigate the mechanism of RJT in treating OA.Methods:Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control group,model group and treatment group.Synovial fluid was collected to measure the level of IL-1β and TNF-α.Results:After treatment,IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased,and statistical difference was observed between control group and treatment group.Conclusion:RJT has remarkable effect on knee osteoarthritis of rabbit models,indicating potential clinical application for RJT.


Klijanienko et al. Fine-Needle Aspiration of Leiomyosarcoma: A Correlative Cytohistopathological Study of 96 Tumors in 68 Patients; Diagnostic Cytopathology, vol. 28, No. 3 (Feb. 27, 2003) pp. 119 125: Cutts et al. Defective Chromosome Segregation, Microtubule Bun dling and Nuclear Bridging in Inner Centromere Protein Gene (INCENP)-Disrupted Mice: Human Molecular Genetics, vol. 8, No. 7 (1999) pp. 1145-1155.* Ozkinay et al. A Simple Trypsin-Giemsa Technique Producing Simultaneous Gand C-Banding in Human Chromosomes; Hereditas, vol. 90 (1979) pp. 1-4.* Office Action, U.S. Appl. No. 12/085,533, dated Mar. 18, 2011. Reply to Restriction Requirement, U.S. Appl. No. 12/284.521, filed Mar. 21, 2011. Office Action, Israeli Appl. No. 179972 with reply due Feb. 7, 2010. Reply, EP Application 08768379.3, filed Feb. 11, 2011. Office Action, U.S. Appl. No. 12/085,533, dated Sep. 1, 2010 (Restriction Requirement). Reply to Restriction Requirement, U.S. Appl. No. 12/085,533, filed Jan. 31, 2011. Office Action, Japanese Application No. 2007-516787, mailed Dec. 14, 2010. Office Action (Restriction Requirement), U.S. Appl. No. 12/284.521, dated Feb. 17, 2011. Office Action, Chinese Application 200580.027499.4, dated Oct. 21. 2010. Sakaki, M., et al., "Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma with Florid Neuroendocrine Cell Nests and Extensive Paneth Cell Metaplasia." Endocrine Pathology 11(4):365-371 (2000). Andersson, G.K.A., et al., "Exposure and Removal of Stainable Groups. DuringFeulgen Acid Hydrolysis of Fixed Chromatin at Dif ferent Temperatures." Histochemie 27:165-172 (1971). Biesterfeld, S., et al., "DNA Image Cytometry in the Differential Diagnosis of Endometrial Hyperplasia and Adenocarcinoma." Analyt. Quant. Cytol. Histol., 23:123-128 (2001). Cairns, J., "Mutation Selection and the Natural History of Cancer." Nature 255: 197-200 (May 1975). Fischer, P.M., "Recent Progress in the Discovery and Development of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors." Expert Opinion on Investiga tional Drugs 14(4): abstract only (Apr. 2005). Folkman, J. and Ingber, D., "Inhibition of Angiogenesis." Cancer Biology 3:88-96 (1992). Gibson, P.R., et al., "Isolation of Colonic Crypts That Maintain Structural and Metabolic Viability in Vitro." Gastroenterology 96:283-291 (1989). Gómez-Vidal. J.A., et al., "ActualTargets in Cytodifferentiation Can cer Therapy," Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 4:175-202 (2004). Gostjeva, E. V., et al., "Nuclear Morphotypes in Human Embryogenesis and Carcinogenesis: Bell-Shaped Nuclei Show Stem-like Properties in Vivo." Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 47(6), p. 405 (2006) (Abstract Only).


Was Thomas Macaulay a cultural imperialist or a prophetic moderniser? He always inspired both admiration and hostility. He introduced English education to India, creating a class of westernised Indians often reviled as 'Macaulay's children'; but today many former 'Untouchables' literally worship him as their liberator from caste tyranny. This new biography gives a vivid insight into one of the towering intellects of Victorian Britain, a brilliant, complex, self-made man, who rose from middle class origins to the highest circles of the world's largest empire. We follow his meteoric journey from child prodigy to Whig parliamentary orator, playing a major role in the passing of the Great Reform Act of 1832, then imperial administrator and liberal reformer in India, and later Cabinet minister, revered elder statesman and famed historian back in Britain. We also get a revealing portrait of his personal life as a bachelor romantically attached to his sisters. Masani reclaims Macaulay as a pioneer of globalisation based on the English language and Western values. A strong advocate of liberal interventionism across the globe, he was the ideological precursor of Margaret Thatcher, Tony Blair and Western military interventions in the world's trouble-spots. But he was also the architect of the 'soft power' through which the West permeates the rest of the world.


The paper presents some aspects regarding the general process of deterioration and the presence of macromycetes as biodeterioration agents of constructions wood at the investigated historical monuments. The strong deteriorations of the wood observed at churches like "St. Nicholas" from Vrancioaia (dated 1778) and "Pious Paraschiva" from Valea Sarii (dated 1772), enforce the necessity for interventions for conservation and restoration on constructions to save all this remarkable architectural vestiges.


Objective To describe four peripheral spondyloarthritis patients presenting with fever and severe systemic inflammatory response mimicking infection. Methods Between 2017 and 2019, four patients with the final diagnosis of peripheral spondyloarthritis had atypical presentation of fever and severe systemic inflammatory response requiring hospital admission and extensive workup. Results We reported four patients who were admitted to the hospital for fever and arthritis. They all had laboratory tests of the severe systemic inflammatory response (leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, high ESR, and high CRP) concerning infection. They underwent extensive workup for infectious causes, including septic arthritis, which came back negative. Other rheumatic diseases that are known to present with fever such as adult-onset Still's disease, reactive arthritis, and crystal arthritis were all excluded. The final diagnosis of spondyloarthritis was made during their follow-up: three patients with peripheral spondyloarthritis and one with psoriatic arthritis. All patients received conventional DMARDs (methotrexate and sulfasalazine) and two patients received tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in addition to conventional DMARDs to control their disease. Conclusion We observed a subgroup of peripheral spondyloarthritis patients presenting with fever and severe systemic inflammatory response requiring hospitalization. Recognition of this subgroup is important and should be considered once an infection is ruled out.


In general, decision-makers must consider many influence factors when dealing with decision-making problems, and these factors will interact with each other. The fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) is an analysis tool that can illustrate the causal relationships among influence factors by a network structure. In addition, the opinions of experts are subjective and vague in the decision-making process. It is suitable for experts to use linguistic variables to express their opinions. Therefore, this paper presented a linguistic cognitive map decision method (LCMDM) by combining linguistic variables with a fuzzy cognitive map to deal with multiple criteria decision-making problems. Finally, a numerical example was implemented to illustrate the computational process of the proposed method. The conclusions and future research directions were discussed at the end of this paper.


Abstract Hybrid pump-controlled asymmetric cylinder drive systems are implemented for energy saving purposes in applications that do not require fast responses. Under low-velocity and low-pressure conditions, the friction influence in the hybrid pump-controlled system is evident. Researchers have developed various models to describe friction. These friction models are implemented based on the relative motion of the contact surfaces, and they can be categorized into static friction and dynamic friction models. For example, dynamic friction models are suitable for simulating the friction in hydraulic cylinder seals under lubrication conditions. Among the dynamic models, the LuGre model can capture almost all static and dynamic friction behaviors at the macroscopic level; for example, stiction, the Stribeck effect, and hysteresis. Thus, the LuGre model is suitable for describing the friction in hydraulic cylinders. Because the friction force in the hydraulic cylinder is mainly from the cylinder seal and seal deformation occurs under pressure due to its flexibility, the friction in a hybrid pump-controlled hydraulic system is affected by the relative motion of the contact surfaces. Therefore, to investigate factors that affect the friction other than the relative motion of the contact surfaces, the friction behaviors of a hybrid pump-controlled hydraulic system are studied. Pressure difference and acceleration terms are introduced in the LuGre friction model, and the simulated friction results of the updated LuGre model are compared with the measured experimental results to validate the new friction model.


Summary An experimental study is described in which a comparison was made between groups of Bahraini secondary school teachers and students of English. The study considers benefits from approaches developed by the researcher, with a view to training the teachers on critical thinking approaches. The use of critical thinking produces significant gains in learning when compared with conventional teaching that does not use critical thinking approaches. These differences are also seen in the attainment of analysis and synthesis skills (higher order cognitive skills), for example, critical thinking such as case‐study. The significance of these results is discussed in terms of designing new techniques in learning and teaching processes, and of the students' performance in the classroom.


This paper reports a concise characterization, based on shell morphology, of 52 species collected dunng one year at intertidal regions of Barra Velha, Pereque and Engenho D'agua beaches. Substrate information, species occurrence and geographic distribution are also provided.


Owing to enhance intuitive understanding of construction scheme in substation large project, this paper developed the substation construction plan based on VR visualization, which could strengthen the field control dynamics of technology and safe. Firstly, the standardized image acquisition system was studied. The functional modularity of VR interactive function was studied too. Then the process control method of information sharing and empowerment was developed. This project had the positioning and measurement technology. The image standardization, functional modularity, discussion centralization and management visualization ensured the safe and reliable of power grid maintenance.


The energy trilemma describes the interaction in the energy system between sustainability and emissions, affordability and prices, and security of supply. The sheer number of programmes and policies with close interaction and overlap in this area has led to a crowded and complex policy landscape with a range of potentially complementary and conflicting aims. In this case study, CECAN and the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) worked together to build a richer understanding of this complex area by developing a participatory systems map of the energy trilemma.


Objective To evaluate and compare the diagnostic validity of MRI and DSA in patient suspected with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula(SDAVF). Methods A retrospective review on clinical data of 25 cases diagnosed as SDAVF was done to analyze the characteristics of SDAVF on both MRI and DSA. Results The sagittal or cornoral plane of the T 2 -weighted MRI could best show the extraspinal vascular abnormalities and secondary anomalies, while the orifices of the SDAVF, feeding arteries, draining veins could be satisfactorily demonstrated on the DSA. Conclusions The diagnosis of SDAVF can be made in directly on DSA findings, MRI can delineate the extraspinal vascular abnomalities and secondary anomalies but not the whole picture.


Within the framework of a uniform theory of the so-called se constructions in Spanish, I propose to explain a control ban that has received almost no attention in the previous bibliography. Specifically, as long as a subject control sentence has an impersonal SE as controller, the subordinate infinitive clause cannot contain any other instance of the clitic SE, other than the so-called spurious SE. The source of this restriction follows, as I will argue, from a legibility problem at LF produced, specifically, by a failed attempt to apply Agree between PRO and the embedded SE, which, as we shall see, acts as a probe for A-movement. If the explanation that I offer is correct, it also follows a series of theoretical conclusions that directly affect the way in which we must conceive of the design of Agree in the syntax and its effect at the LF interface. In particular, the system tolerates certain Agree failures (Preminger 2014) as long as it does not affect legibility in the semantics. Indeed, the theory of SE constructions that I assume here derives the distinction between paradigmatic and non-paradigmatic SE as the result of successful or unsuccessful Agree applications, respectively. The limit of this tolerance to failed applications of Agree must be found in the type of semantic object that can be deduced at LF. This limit is illustrated with the aforementioned restriction in control and impersonal SE contexts that motivates the present study.


Nowadays, the energy structure is gradually changing to clean power generation. Clean energy mainly includes renewable energy and part of non-renewable energy. Non-renewable energy is depleting day by day, showing a shrinking trend. Renewable energy is not affected by energy shortage, and is the focus of future development. How to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of clean energy, it is necessary to adjust the existing power generation energy structure scientifically and rationally. In this paper, the theory of hypergraph is introduced to cluster the optimal combination information of clean energy, and a hypergraph model of power generation energy structure adjustment is established. The problem of replacing fossil energy in power generation energy consumption with clean energy is solved as the original objective. By mapping the generation energy structure adjustment with hypergraph, the problem of generation energy structure adjustment is transformed into the problem of solving hypergraph path. By using the two-point hyperpath algorithm, an optimal path for the development of clean power generation, reducing the proportion of fossil energy power generation, and gradually converting to clean energy is obtained. The application of hypergraph algorithm in the structural adjustment of power generation is of great significance to promote the diversification of power generation energy, especially in the clean development, low-carbon development and green development of the power industry.


The spread of COVID-19 misinformation (e.g., fake news) on social media poses a serious public health risk. It is critical to identify COVID-19 misinformation. In this paper, we propose SmartEye: a novel machine learning based (ML-based) approach for detecting COVID-19 misinformation on Twitter for mitigating public health risk. To test the approach, we conducted experiments based on the data collected from Twitter. Experimental results show the effectiveness of SmartEye.


OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of lamotrigine adjunctive treatment for refractory partial epilepsy. METHODS: 62 cases of refractory partial epilepsy were continuously collected from our hospital from 2007 to 2010, and they received consecutive regular treatment for more than 2 years but still with frequent episodes. They were given the same dose of original antiepileptic drugs, and additionally received oral dose of lamotrigine. By open self-observation for 6 months, the control rate of lamotrigine to refractory partial epilepsy, the improvement of EEG, adverse drug reactions and safety were evaluated. RESULTS: After lamotrigine adjunctive therapy for refractory partial epilepsy, the effective rate was 82.3%, and 24.2% of patients were with complete control of seizures. The liver, kidney, blood, urine function and ECG had no significant changes before and after treatment. Occasionally patients had mild side effects, but it did not affect the results. CONCLUSION: Lamotrigine adjunctive therapy for refractory partial epilepsy is effective with slight side effects.


The Cardona through-and-through prosthesis, fitted through the upper lid, produced quite favorable initial results. Primarily because of difficulties in reoperation, the authors have modified the technique so that the prosthesis now extends between the lids, is covered by conjunctiva, or covered by lid skin after removal of the tarsus. Eyes that have not undergone previous surgery have a better prognosis for keratoprosthesis. Advances in the field have been slow primarily because of intrinsic biological problems and the low number of cases necessitating both a multidisciplinary and a multi-institutional approach


The research project is aimed at applying a Budget system, in order to study its
impact on the development of the operational management of the construction
company RIPESA PERU EIRL in 2017; it is of an applied and descriptive nature due
to the nature of its treatment, belonging to the line of budget research; that in its
problematic description it shows a deficiency in the budget development process in
the acquisition and distribution of the materials; as well as the financing that does
not help to achieve the goals set, including the lack of management manuals and
therefore of a minimum budget plan; includes background especially in the local
context, with the problematic and hypothesis, with the general objective of applying
a Budget and its incidence in the development of the operative management of the
company. The respective theoretical framework, the justification and the
corresponding conceptual framework are considered; It also defines the population
and shows the stages of research, the strategy to be developed and the methods
and techniques for collecting information. In the same way, it is concluded that with
the adequate application of a budget system it will allow and facilitate the obtaining
and prevention of the necessary information in the areas such as Sales, Production,
Logistics, Human Resources, Health and Safety and therefore in Budgeted Financial
Statements.


This paper presents a grey-markov forecasting model which has the merits of both simplicity of application and high forecasting precision. This paper forecasts and analyzes the total power requirement of agricultural machinery in Shanxi province by gray-markov mathematical model .It provides scientific basis for the planned development of agricultural machinery in Shanxi province.


The paper presents an analysis of communication technologies that should lead to choosing technology appropriate for road traffic monitoring. One of the best available communication technologies is standard ZigBee. Experimental measurements of data rate with respect to distance under different operating conditions are presented. Based on obtained results it is possible to say that using ZigBee technology in wireless sensor networks is appropriate if we expect lower data rates (70 kbps).


In tackling reverse payments, should a different policy tact might be called for; one that shifts emphasis from determining whether or not reverse payments should be per se illegal to working with the incentives that firms already face.


Simulation models are typically developed by domain experts who have an in-depth understanding of the phenomena being modeled and are designed to be executed and evaluated independently. A grand challenge is to facilitate the process of pulling all of independently created models together into an integrated simulation environment wherein we can model and execute complex scenarios involving multiple simulators. In this paper, we describe the use of the rewriting logic based Maude tool to specify and analyze such an integrated simulation environments (multisimulations). We discuss the representation of the underlying multisimulation concepts and describe the use of Maude capabilities to analyze multisimulations. We also discuss the use of Maude's reflective capability. The idea of multisimulations specifications using Maude opens up an exciting new world of challenging applications for formal methods in general and for rewriting logic based formalisms in particular.


While the euro area has not fully escaped its sovereign debt problems, the next major economy to experience a financial crisis may well be China, caused by insolvent shadow banks and local governments. To assess the likelihood of such a scenario, this paper reviews China's economic and financial risks as well as the "comprehensive" reforms, on which it embarked in late 2013. The paper finds that considerable risks and crisis symptoms exist with regard to (1) shadow banking, (2) the indebtedness of corporates and in particular local governments, as well as (3) the real estate market. These risks are closely related to each other and tied to the massive stimulus package of 2008/2009. China's new leadership under Xi Jinping seems to be aware of the severity of these risks as it has stepped up the reform of the outdated fiscal and tax system (an important root cause), while progress in other reform areas has remained slow. The paper finds that if fiscal and other key reforms, like interest rate reforms, were to fail, a domestic financial crisis might indeed happen in China, despite such mitigating factors as large resources and policy space, leadership commitment and low external debt. The task of reform is a formidable one and, moreover, is hampered by vested interests and the country's desire not to impede growth. The paper concludes that a pronounced financial crisis in the world's second


A Psychological Parallel," Matthew Arnold's "envoi to his writings on religion," (1) seems to have stood the test of time particularly well. The thaumaturgical essay initially appeared in the Contemporary Review in November 1876, (2) and was republished the following year, with no significant changes, as the first and, in at least one scholar's judgment, "[b]y far the most important" (3) piece in Last Essays on Church and Religion. (4) Then, in 1986, "A Psychological Parallel" was one of only a dozen of Arnold's prose writings to be chosen by Allott and Super for inclusion in their Oxford Authors series anthology of Arnold's work. (5) One of the editors of the volume noted that each essay "epitomizes [Arnold's] mature thinking on its subject," and that "each of them has an intellectual value as great, or nearly as great in the late twentieth century as it had when first published a century or more ago." (6) "A Psychological Parallel" is bi-partite, and its two segments are only very loosely connected. The latter portion of the essay, which is by far the more sophisticated, deals with John Smith, a Cambridge Platonist (7) who, as Arnold wished all the English to do, based his view of Christianity upon its presumed natural truth rather than upon a foundation of miraculous events that, Arnold maintained, would "crumble under our feet." (8) The opening part of "A Psychological Parallel," which concerns us here, occupies a little more than a third of the essay. In it, Arnold seeks to persuade the reader that St. Paul's observations on Christ's resurrection need not be taken literally and, therefore, need not bring into question the fundamental integrity of Paul and the more believable aspects of his message. To make this point, Arnold compares Paul's thoughts and actions to those of Sir Matthew Hale, the judge who presided at the witchcraft trial of Amy Denny and Rose Cullender in March 1662 at Bury St. Edmunds. Arnold (as well as several hundred other writers) mis-calls one of the accused women "Amy Duny," following the version of the trial that was printed in 1682. The initial mistake very likely resulted from the typesetter miscopying a handwritten manuscript. Both the local parish register and the trial indictment identify the woman as Amy Denny. Arnold also, like most others who write of the trial, gets the date wrong, stating that it took place in 1664. The initial report had 1664 on its title page but gave the correct date internally. (9) Arnold had relied upon a later printing that favored consistency over accuracy and made the date in the text accord with that on the title page. (10) Sir Matthew Hale's condemnation of the women, Arnold would have his readers believe, merely reflected the temper of the times. A closer reading of available contemporary material would have shown Arnold, however, that by 1662 witchcraft accusations were disappearing in England in the face of skepticism. A later statistical summary of Home Circuit records would indicate, for instance, that between 1647 and 1701, 103 persons were committed for trial for witchcraft, but only 14 were found guilty. Grand juries dismissed 28 cases, and trial juries returned not guilty verdicts in 61 of the 75 cases they heard. (11) Arnold's message is thus flawed at its roots. "Credulity about witchcraft was the rule," he writes, "incredulity the exception," (12) but he is talking about a period earlier than 1662. The more significant question regarding the witch trial, therefore, concerns not how Hale was misled by the temper of his times, but rather how a person, often reported to be a man of extraordinarily high intelligence and considerable kindness--his compassionate treatment of John Bunyan's wife redounds to Hale's eternal credit (13)--was able to bring himself at a time when witchcraft prosecutions were nearing their end to support a barrage of patently absurd evidence and to lead the jury to pronounce a death sentence on two innocent women. …


In the machining process of large parts, the dynamic alternating loading suffered by heavy carbide insert is very large, so the fatigue failure of the insert is serious. Through the analysis the effect of dynamic alternating force - thermal load on insert's crack, and the fatigue crack experiment of inserts under dynamic alternating loading will be done, the formation conditions and distribution law of fatigue cracks can be researched under the effect of dynamic mechanical shock and thermal shock. And the fatigue crack will be theoretical analysis through the fatigue curve in the range of test cutting parameters. It can provide effective basis for the optimizing the heavy-duty cutting parameters and reducing the fatigue crack failure of heavy-duty cutting insert.


In the concluding chapters, Chamberlain attempts to make the case for McSween's signifi cance beyond the Lincoln County War. Th e author argues that an investigation of McSween's subsequent life experiences can serve as a window into the lives of other Anglo women in the late nineteenthcentury American West. Certainly McSween's particulars— a second (unhappy) marriage, her rise to power as one of New Mexico's wealthy "cattle queens," and the descent into poverty by her death in 1931— were echoed partially or fully in the lives of many other Western women. A more equitable division of the biography, however, would have given the author additional opportunities to develop this argument. In the Shadow of Billy the Kid will be an informative read for anyone interested in the Lincoln County War and the heretofore largely unheralded woman who survived it. Billy the Kid's shadow remains long in this story, but Patricia Chamberlain's book is successful in bringing Susan McSween's life into greater focus.


FEATURES: The recombinant plasmid containing a tRNA gene cluster from Spiroplasma species BC3 has been described (1). The ten tRNA genes presumably constitute a single transcriptional unit. Probable promoter and terminators are indicated. A sequence GGGG (155-158) may serve as a 'Discriminator' region (2). An o.r.f. starts at nucleotide 1251 if UGA codes for tryptophan (3) . COMMENTS: The order of the tRNA genqs in this cluster, and the isoacceptors encoded (except for the first tRNAuYs gene), is identical to that of two other tRNA gene clusters from Gram-positive eubacteria; from Mvcoplasma mycoides (4), and a portion of the rrnB (trrnE) sequence from Bacillus subt-ilis (5,6). Similar clusters of tRNA genes implies an important transcription- al and regulatory mechanism for these gene clusters.


The braking cylinder block is a representative part produced by drawing process. In current production, however, two drawing steps are employed, leading to high cost. In this paper, the product structure of the braking cylinder block and its production process are improved based on formability simulation result with the finite element method (FEM). According to the simulation results, the modified design shows better formability although with only one drawing step, while the internal strain is still less than forming limit and the minimum thickness also meets requirement. (5 pages)


One major problem of current theoretical models of galaxy formation is given by their inability to reproduce the apparently `anti-hierarchical' evolution of galaxy assembly: massive galaxies appear to be in place since $z\sim 3$, while a significant increase of the number densities of low mass galaxies is measured with decreasing redshift. In this work, we perform a systematic analysis of the influence of different stellar feedback schemes, carried out in the framework of GAEA, a new semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. It includes a self-consistent treatment for the timings of gas, metal and energy recycling, and for the chemical yields. We show this to be crucial to use observational measurements of the metallicity as independent and powerful constraints for the adopted feedback schemes. The observed trends can be reproduced in the framework of either a strong ejective or preventive feedback model. In the former case, the gas ejection rate must decrease significantly with cosmic time (as suggested by parametrizations of the cosmological `FIRE' simulations). Irrespective of the feedback scheme used, our successful models always imply that up to 60-70 per cent of the baryons reside in an `ejected' reservoir and are unavailable for cooling at high redshift. The same schemes predict physical properties of model galaxies (e.g. gas content, colour, age, and metallicity) that are in much better agreement with observational data than our fiducial model. The overall fraction of passive galaxies is found to be primarily determined by internal physical processes, with environment playing a secondary role.


In conditions of increasing train traffic speeds the maintenance requirements for curve track sections must be revised to more strict ones. Familiar techniques of surveying curves are analyzed in the paper from the viewpoint of accuracy of the data obtained. Some recommendations on the survey procedures for improving their accuracy are proposed.


Nowdays, the global economy is gradually going to integration, especially for the field of culture. As one part of culture, religion plays a very vital role in the culture. Therefore, it is very necessary to make a comparative study on religious differences in Chinese and Western culture, especially the causes of differences.


The spectrum of collective intersubband magneto excitations in a quasi-two-dimensional electron system confined in a single quantum well has been studied by inelastic light scattering spectroscopy. Intersubband Bernstein modes with a change of the Landau level index up to three were observed in a perpendicular magnetic field. It is demonstrated that Bernstein modes couple with intersubband charge and spin density excitations through many-body Coulomb interaction, and the coupling strength is governed by the in-plane momentum. Detailed measurements of the coupling strength dispersion were performed and compared with theoretical simulations.


The potential for magnetically levitated (MAGLEV) vehicles is discussed as a means of both inter-city travel and a technology option to relieve the growing problem of air traffic congestion. A brief summary is presented of the two primary maglev concepts: (1) the attractive-force, electromagnetic system (EMS) and (2) the repulsive-force, electrodynamic system (EDS), and continues with a discussion of the advantages, potential for reduced costs and higher reliability, that the newly-discovered, high-temperature superconductors offer for EDS maglev vehicles. A summary of the current status of world wide maglev research is presented, followed by a discussion of the resurgence of US interest in maglev. An analysis of air-traffic congestion suggests that maglev can substitute for short-to-medium distance air travel. By promoting maglev as an airline technology, airlines can retain their familiar hub-and-spoke systems with maglevs an integral part of the spoke portion. A preliminary analysis suggests that maglev capital costs are likely to be comparable to those of interstate highways, and use of maglevs can delay the need for new aiprort and construction. For each short-to-medium flight diverted to maglev, an airline can substitute a longer flight. The short-haul flights use an inordinate amount of fuel, which is a major component of airline operating costs. Maglev energy consumption would be significantly less and would not have the emissions associated with petroleum fuel. Finally, passengers should benefit from maglev technology: travel options will be extended, delays will be reduced, and costs for inter-city travel will be reduced.


The invention relates to an adjustment device (30) for a rotating body (10; 21; 22), in particular a fan (10) of a cooling fan for a combustion engine, or a shaft (21) or a rotor (22) of an electric motor (20), comprising a rotation axis (R), wherein a mass (311; 10; 11; 14) that rotates around the rotation axis (R) can be dislocated relative to the rotation axis (R) by means of the adjustment device (30). The invention further relates to a rotating body (10; 22), in particular a fan (10) of a cooler blower for a combustion engine, or a shaft (21) or a rotor (22) of an electric motor (20), comprising an adjustment device (30) according to the invention.


The problems of vibration diagnostics based on the change of natural frequencies of structures are connected with the influence of ambient and operational factors (temperature, humidity, wind, heavy traffic etc.) on the natural frequencies. In some cases, this effect is comparable with the effect of damage itself and reliable diagnostics of damage becomes problematic. To solve this problem, the use of the ratio change between natural frequencies of different mode shapes is proposed as a characteristic of damage. The study has demonstrated that this ratio is unaffected by the environmental and operational factors. Application of the proposed method is illustrated using the example of Z24 reinforced concrete bridge. As the characteristic feature of the reinforced concrete structures damage is the occurrence of multiple cracks, in the analytical model, apart from the size and location of the cracks, the possibility of several locally located cracks was taken into account.The analytical study was performed to calculate the mode shapes and natural frequencies of damaged multi-span beam-like structure. The results reveal that, in order to identify local damage of subcritical size, natural frequency data of at least four modes of vibration are necessary. The eigenfrequencies obtained experimentally in the study of the Z24 bridge were used to confirm that the change in the eigenfrequency ratio can be used to diagnose relatively small local defects in complex structures. At this the reliability of such vibration diagnostics is much higher than based on the change of natural frequencies and mode shapes, since the change in the ratio of natural frequencies does not depend on the environmental conditions and operating conditions of the structure.


Modern X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) technology allows us to show the three-dimensional microstructure of rocks. The rock itself is highly complex, and traditional pore-scale structure modeling methods have been unable to meet the modern demand for high-quality rock microscopic images. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are now one of the most promising unsupervised learning techniques. Some researchers have begun to apply GANs to porous media reconstruction. The GAN constructs a mapping of the random probability distribution (mean distribution, Gaussian distribution) to the real data distribution. Using the GAN, three-dimensional rock microscopic images can be synthesized from the randomly distributed numbers. Their research results demonstrate the ability of GAN technology in the reconstruction of porous media. However, the generated adversarial network may converge to a local minimum, and it is difficult for the synthesized image to obtain the geometric information of the real image. Therefore, the geometric characteristics of the images generated by general research are often different from the real images. In this study, we built a ternary generation adversarial network structure including a generator and a two-discriminator. The new discriminator is used to discriminate the authenticity of the geometric parameters of the solved image. Research shows that this ternary adversarial neural network can effectively reduce the difference in geometric features between synthetic and real images.


This study discusses and developed methods for obtaining plant extracts/pure compounds and its usages as a nematicidal agent. Freshly hatched second-stage juveniles of two nematode species, Meloidogyne incognita and Cephalobus litoralis were used. A bioassay guided isolation of the extract, fractions and pure compounds were done for their nematicidal activity at different concentrations in comparison with Azadirachta indica, while distilled water was taken as control. The crude extract showed 90% and ethyl acetate fraction 97% mortality rate after 48 h at 1% concentration against M. incognita species and 81 and 50% against C. litoralis specie at the same concentration. Among the pure compounds, 4 and 9 showed maximum mortality of 90 and 91% and compounds 8, 3, 6, 2, 5, 7 and 1 showed 89, 88, 88, 82, 80, 80 and 69% mortality, respectively after 48 h in M. incognita sp. In C. litoralis, compounds 8 and 9 showed 72 and 75%, significant mortality, while 7, 4, 3, 5, 6, 2 and 1 showed 70, 70, 70, 68, 62, 60 and 58% mortality, respectively after 48 h. The plant is of economic importance with nematicidal value.


The direct AC/AC power converter has been the subject of active research for more than twenty years. The trend has been towards solving the switching problems associated with the original 9-bidirectional-switch matrix converter topology, as well as using converter topologies composed of only unidirectional switches, to realize matrix converters. In this paper, a new direct AC/AC converter topology based on current-source converter modules is proposed. It is shown, through analysis and simulation, that the proposed matrix converter topology is free of any switching difficulties and gives high-quality sinusoidal waveforms on both sides. Furthermore, with the same number of semiconductor devices as in the original 9-bidirectional-switch matrix converter topology, it is able to perform all aspects of frequency changing, real power flow control, and independent reactive power flow control on both sides. The new topology finds applications in electric drive industry, as an AC motor drive, and power system industry, as an asynchronous link.


Objective:To explore the relationship between the SDF-1 / CXCR4 chemokine axis and VEGF in glioma angiogenesis.Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to semi-quantitate the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in human glioma.To characterize the effect of CXCR4 on VEGF,U87 and HUVECs cells were co-cultured with or without SDF-1,and the secretion of VEGF in the supernatant was detected by ELISA.With diverse treatments(control,SDF-1,CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 and CXCR4 siRNA treated group) of U87,the supernatant was collected for HUVEC culture,and tubule-like structure(TLS) were counted.Results: The expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in glioma was increased with the malignancy of glioma,and the results showed a significantly positive cor relation(P 0.01).Moreover,the ELISA data demonstrated that CXCR4 was correlated with VEGF secretion and tube-formation(P 0.01).Conclusion:CXCR4 was potentially correlated with the degree of malignancy of glioma,and SDF-1 facilitates the secretion of VEGF via CXCR4.In addition,CXCR4 was involved in glioma vascular proliferation,which may function as a potential target for the development of therapeutic strategies.


Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites have an active sensor on board, which emits electromagnetic signals and measures the strength and time delay of the returned signal backscattered from ground objects. Optical images have rich spectral information, but it is easily affected by atmospheric attenuation and weather conditions. Thus, the study of the registration between these two images is of great significance. We present a novel method for SAR and optical image registration. In the stage of feature points extraction, the method combines phase consistency intensity screening and scale space grid division to obtain stable and uniform feature points from the image. During the stage of feature description, the method employs the extended phase consistency method to calculate the gradient amplitude and direction of the image, and improves the correctness of the main direction calculation and descriptor construction. Experimental results demonstrate its superior matching performance with respect to the state-of-the-art methods.


In the fourth book of Achilles Tatius' romance the young and beautiful heroine Leucippe collapses suddenly. When she is approached by the hero Clitophon she leaps to her feet, strikes his face, kicks his friend, and has to be overpowered and tied up. Several chapters later we learn that this behaviour had in fact been caused by an overdose of an unnamed aphrodisiac. In the meantime, however, bystanders, consisting of members of an Egyptian military force, have decided that μανία τις is the trouble, and proceed to diagnose with all the confidence of laymen the cause of her madness. Their diagnosis takes the form of an ostensibly straightforward physiological explanation in carefully ordered (if rhetorical) phrases and employing technical terms.


Background: Plaque psoriasis (PP) and seborrheic dermatitis (SD) are chronic inflammatory skin diseases with similar clinical and pathological features. Differential diagnosis can be difficult, especially when particular skin areas of the face are involved. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has been demonstrated to be useful for 'real-time' diagnosis of skin inflammatory diseases. Objective: To define distinctive confocal criteria of SD and to evaluate the usefulness of this technique for noninvasive differential diagnosis with PP. Methods: A total of 40 patients affected by PP and 19 patients by SD involving the face were recruited and subjected to RCM evaluation. Univariate and adjusted odds ratios were calculated. Discriminant functions were used to plot ROC curves. Results: The results disclosed specific patterns for SD and PP. The following distinctive confocal features for SD have been identified: spongiosis, dermal inflammation and horizontal orientation of dilated blood vessels. Conclusion: SD has a specific and easily recognizable confocal pattern supporting clinical differentiation with PP.


1999 Laura White: Everything you do counts here. Alain Ayers. Published by University of Hertfordshire. Editor Matthew Shaul. Exhibition catalogue.
ISBN 1 898543 356


This paper mainly explores the complex impacts of spatial heterogeneity, vector-bias effect, multiple strains, temperature-dependent extrinsic incubation period (EIP) and seasonality on malaria transmission. We propose a multi-strain malaria transmission model with diffusion and periodic delays and define the reproduction numbers and (i = 1, 2). Quantitative analysis indicates that the disease-free ω-periodic solution is globally attractive when , while if ( ), then strain i persists and strain j dies out. More interestingly, when and are greater than 1, the competitive exclusion of the two strains also occurs. Additionally, in a heterogeneous environment, the coexistence conditions of the two strains are and . Numerical simulations verify the analytical results and reveal that ignoring vector-bias effect or seasonality when studying malaria transmission will underestimate the risk of disease transmission.


In recent years much interest and varying degrees of importance have been attached to the chloride content of the blood plasma. 1 Hypochloremia has been noted in a number of such unrelated clinical conditions as severe superficial burns, pneumonia, war-gas poisoning, the pernicious vomiting of pregnancy and high intestinal obstruction. 2 Closer study reveals the fact that in spite of their diverse pathology, these conditions all have one of two factors in common. There is either a circulating toxin of a split protein nature as in intestinal obstruction 3 and burns, 4 or there is a rapid and severe loss of fluids as in war-gas poisoning, pernicious vomiting and pneumonia. In some instances there is a combination of the two. It was therefore thought that a study of the chlorides in acute intestinal intoxication in which fluid loss and a split protein intoxication 5 were both present would be of


An one-pot preparation of α-carbolines and quinindolines from conjugated carbodiimides based on a tandem Intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloaddition/oxidative aromatization is described.


The human skull is the skeleton of the head and is considered along with the mandible. It consists of paired bones and unpaired midline bones that contribute to the muscular attachments for mastication and facial expression, a bony foundation for the upper aerodigestive tract and support and housing for the special sensory organs, brain and other structures susceptible to trauma.
The skull without the mandible is termed the cranium and consists of the neurocranium and viscerocranium (facial skeleton). The upper third of the skull is principally formed by the frontal bones and exaggerated at the superciliary ridges of the superior orbit and smooth glabella region centrally. The paired maxillary bones form the middle third, creating the circumference of the piriform aperture between, and are separated from the frontal and temporal bones by the zygoma laterally. They house the maxillary sinuses and meet in the midline inferiorly to form the upper jaw and most of the hard palate at the intermaxillary suture.


The template matching approach has a promising momentum to build energy-efficient edge classifiers for var-ious implantable and wearable medical devices. To mitigate the analog/digital cross-domain interfacing complexity, analog content-addressable memories can be used efficiently to form the back-end classifiers by receiving the analog inputs and generating the digital classification outputs. This paper presents a novel memristor-based analog content-addressable memory pixel 1TIR+2T with 2.0x smaller footprint than its counterparts in the literature. The new compact pixel utilizes only one RRAM device through a 1T1R voltage divider circuit while exploiting the complementary behavior of the nMOS and pMOS transistors to determine the lower and upper bounds of the matching voltage range. The simulation results show that the 1T1R+2T pixel has a promising tunability with matching windows range from 50 mV to 200 mV according to the RRAM resistance value of the 1T1R voltage divider.


STRUCTURE AND CONSTITUTION: Properties of Iron at the Earth's Core Conditions Physics of Planets as Cold Bodies Quasi-hydromagnetics and the Moon-solar Wind Interaction PLANETARY DYNAMICS: The Dynamics of the Atmosphere of Venus Atmospheric Dynamics of the Major Planets Long-lived Baroclinic Eddies in Atmospheres and in the Laboratory The Phase Diagram of Hydrogen with Other Elements, and Applications to Jovian Planet Interiors Lunar Palaeomagnetism and Lunar Polar Wandering and the Existence of a Primeval Satellite System around the Moon CELESTIAL MECHANICS: Some Recent Researches on the Age and Stability of the Solar System Long Term Behaviour of Planetary Orbits: Theory and Numerical Experiments ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM: Mantle and Atmospheric Evolution: The Heavy Rare Gas Evidence Solid-Solid Collisions as a Mechanism of Accretion of Terrestrial Planets Some Comments on the Early Conditions in the Solar System Giant Comets and their Relevance to the Origin of the Solar System.


Materialists who do not deny the existence of mental phenomena usually claim that the mental supervenes on the physical, i.e. that there cannot be a change in the mental life of a man without there being a change in the man"s body. This modal claim is usually understood in terms of logical necessity. I argue that this is a mistake, resulting from assumptions inherited from logical empiricism, and that it should be understood in terms of synthetic necessity.


A 62 years old man with a retentive bladder diverticulum was placed in lithotomy position and an anatomic PVP was performed localizing the capsule at the apex of the adenoma by carrying out a bilateral incision lateral to the verumontanum, using the tip of the shaft of the resectoscope to push laterally. A careful blunt mechanical dissection of the plane with the resectoscope was followed toward the bladder neck at 6 o'clock and a vaporization of all the dissected tissue was made by firing the laser upwards from below the adenoma. The procedure was completed vaporizing laterally in both sides and anteriorly with the exact knowledge of the depth of the capsule. Two guide wires were placed in left ureter and diverticulum. A 20ch three-ways-catheter was placed. In supine position five trocars were placed. A 23 Trendelemburg-position was given. The diverticulum was isolated and dissected at the neck level. Detrusor muscle layer was closed in double watertight suture. Reperitonealization was performed over a drain.


In 1992 seismogenic nodes prone for earthquakes have been recognized for the Himalayan arc using the pattern recognition approach. Since then four earthquakes of the target magnitudes occurred in the region. The paper discusses the correlation of the events occurred in the region after 1992 with nodes previously defined as having potential for the occurrence of earthquakes . The analysis performed has shown that three out of four earthquakes occurred at recognized seismogenic nodes capable of .


The operation of the solar dynamo, with all of its remarkable spatio-temporal ordering, remains an outstanding problem of modern solar physics. A number of mechanisms that might plausibly contribute to its operation have been proposed, but the relative role played by each remains unclear. This uncertainty stems from continuing questions concerning the speed and structure of deep-seated convective flows. Those flows are in-turn thought to sustain both the Sun's turbulent EMF and the large-scale flows of differential rotation and meridional circulation suspected of influencing the dynamo's organization and timing. Continued progress in this area is complicated by (i) inconsistencies between helioseismic measurements of convective and meridional flow made with different techniques and instruments, and (ii) a lack of high-latitude data for convection, differential rotation, and meridional flow. We suggest that the path forward to resolving these difficulties is twofold. First, the acquisition of long-term helioseismic and emissivity measurements obtained from a polar vantage point is vital to complete our picture of the Sun's outer convection zone. Second, sustained and expanded investment in theory-oriented and combined theory/observational research initiatives will be crucial to fully exploit these new observations and to resolve inconsistencies between existing measurements.


The outcome of study indicates that women college students all nationalities have the levels of higher self-conciousness,but there are some differences existed.Thus it can be seen that culture is main variable of effecting self-conciousness'formation and development.


An experimental setup was designed and implemented for the study of the multipactor effect in a rectangular waveguide under high vacuum. The experiment and test piece were constructed using WR 284 waveguide sections operating at S- Band frequencies. Multipactor effects are to be detected via an Electron Multiplier Tube (EMT). The test setup includes sections of standard WR 284 waveguide which will be in line with a custom test piece. Design of the test setup incorporates a standard piece of waveguide with a custom steel collar which can be used to insert different tapers, and even periodic structures into the hollowed out broadside wall. A solid state RF transmitter with 2.8 kW peak power and a center frequency of 2.85 GHz is used to inject an RF signal into the test section.


Objective To observed the therapic apoptosis effection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Targeting Adenovirus Containing r-caspase3 gene which on AFP expressed hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The AFP expressed cells HepG2,7721,normal hepatocyte L-02 and breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 were infected by recombinant Adenovirus Ad-r-caspase3,Ad-EAFPPALB/r-caspase3 and Ad-PALB/r-caspase3, the O.D figure were detected by SRB dyeing,and the apoptotic figure were tested by FCM. Results The sensitivity after infection with Adenovirus on HepG2 and 7721 showed: Ad-EAFPPALB/r-caspase3 Ad-PALB/r-caspase3 Ad-r-caspase3;the data of FCM showed:the recombinant Adenovirus of Ad-EAFPPALB/r-caspase3 has very strong apoptotic specificity on AFP expressed cell. Conclusion The Recombinant of Hepatocellular carcinoma-targeting Adenovirus Containing r-caspase3 gene has apoptotic specificity on AFP expressed cell and the more stronger expression the more apoptotic specificity.


Traumatic brain injury (TBI) typically affects young adults with potentially many years of working life ahead of them. For people who were in work prior to their injury, return to work (RTW) is a common goal. However, a systematic review of RTW rates for people with TBI who were in work prior to their injury found that approximately 41% were in work at one and two years post TBI [1]. Since TBI is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide in young adults [2], this discrepancy between what people with TBI want and what they achieve is important. The question is does the research evidence inform clinicians how to help a person with TBI return to work?


Material/Method: the study included 3 females and 27males aged 16-52 (mean age 28) yrs, 2 asymptomatic volunteers, 8 posttraumatic knees and 19 patients with clinical symptoms of enthesopathy. In all case standard B-mode US examination was followed by 3D imaging. The images were analyzed regarding a size of tendon, an appearance, contours and a size of a lesion in two planes in 2D and 3 planes in 3D examination. The lesions were also visualized and verified on 3D reconstructed images.


To collect property tax is the most important signal to start the new round of tax system reforms. It relates to benefits of everyone. The article begins with the history and current situation of real estate tax system reforms, realizes the cause and shortcoming of property tax and opens up the content of property tax.


This study aims to evaluate the success of new product using a business theory of sufficiency economy in term of financial and non-financial. This study was conducted mixed methods (qualitative research and quantitative research), by in-depth interview and questionnaire, for collecting data from persons who directly involved in new product development and adopted the sufficiency economy philosophy to conduct the business. The business operation by adopting the concept of sufficiency economy philosophy was similar to sustainable development, in order to support balance among economy, society and environment and enable the organisations to build a strong foundation for sustainable business. The results shown that there were reflected positive impact on the performance of new product using a business practice of sufficiency economy philosophy.


The invention discloses a driving circuit, an organic light-emitting diode display device and a driving method. The driving circuit comprises at least one driving module; each driving module includes a light-emitting unit, a coding unit, a reset unit and a data signal input unit; the reset unit is used for providing reset signals to the coding unit; the data signal input unit is used for providing data signals inputted by a second input end to the coding unit; and the coding unit is used for receiving and compensating first voltage signals received by a third input end of the light-emitting unit, generating light emission control signals based on the data signals and providing the light emission control signals to the light-emitting unit, wherein the light emission control signals are unrelated to the first voltage signals. With the driving circuit, the organic light-emitting diode display and the driving method provided by the embodiments of the invention adopted, light emission current difference caused by the potential difference of first voltage signals which is further caused by distance difference of driving circuits at different areas of a display panel and ICs can be avoided, and therefore, the problem of the unevenness of the brightness of the different areas of the display panel can be solved.