The optical properties of multi-chromophore systems such as conjugated polymers and dendrimers have attracted great interest because of the possibility of these structures displaying enhanced electronic and optical effects. In this manuscript the optical and electronic properties of novel organic materials for possible applications in optical switching, coherent energy transfer, as well as for enhanced emission from metal nanoparticles are presented. Measurements of the steady state absorption and emission, as well as the time-resolved fluorescence of selected novel organic materials are probed in order to provide a comparison of their use in electronic applications.


A novel electron acceptor CPDT has been synthesized; the Fermi surfaces of the metallic anion radical salts of CPDT are purely one-dimensional, while the acceptor molecules form rigid and tight two-dimensional networks in the crystal structures of the salts.


Summary In the B6D2F1 mouse the MED by Hooker-Forbes bioassay of progesterone was 0.0005 μg; of 20α-hydroxyprogesterone, 0.0004 μg; of 20β-hydroxyprogesterone, 0.00006 μg; of 16α-hydroxyprogesterone, 2.0 μg. Progestin activity of mixtures of progesterone with 16α-hydroxyprogesterone, 20α-hydroxyprogesterone, and 20β-hydroxyprogesterone was measured by the same assay in CHI and B6D2F1 mice. Synergisms, partial antagonisms, and complete antagonisms were exhibited and were shown to depend on the components of the mixtures and their amounts and proportions.


Heinrich, Norenzayan & Heine provide a compelling argument for a bias in the behavioral sciences to study human behavior primarily in WEIRD populations. Here we argue that brain scientists are susceptible to similar biases, sampling primarily from WEIRD populations, and discuss recent evidence from cultural neuroscience demonstrating the importance and viability of investigating culture across multiple levels of analysis.


A mathematical simulating model of phased-array antenna in multifunction array radar has been approached in this paper, including the mathematical simulating model of plane phased-array pattern, the mathematical simulating model of directionality factor, the mathematical simulating model of array factor, the mathematical simulating model of array element factor and the mathematical simulating model of beam steering.


The Indian confectionary market consisted of sugar and non-sugar confectionary items. The confectionary market was highly fragmented with several local players. The confectionary market had been growing at over 6% but the gum-based confectionary segment was growing faster at over 10% in last few years. The principal players in this segment were Perfetti, Wrigley, Lotte, Candico and a few local players.Wrigley acquired Joyco group from Spanish food conglomerate Agrolimen in 2004 in India. The deal further added to a long list of various brands available to Wrigley. Recently the company had been acquired by Mars. The acquired brand from Joyco, Boomer had been the undisputed leader in the bubble gum market in India since 1995. Orbit from Mars-Wrigley was also not only India's but the world's no. 1 sugar-free chewing gum.Mars-Wrigley India distributed its product both through organized retailers and traditional CFA-distributor-wholesaler-retailer route. 85% of food and beverage sales to consumers in India took place through traditional retail outlets such as Pan and Beedi shops, Kiryana merchants etc. Wrigley had an elaborate system of market coverage and distributors, salespeople and merchandisers performed an important role in the total system. Wrigley India spent heavily on marketing communication. Trade promotions played an important role in increasing the sales and market share and the company's sales force need to possess adequate skills in carrying out trade promotions and making it a success.


The almost imperceptible attention paid to the structure of the Parthenon makes it an ingenious construction both in the context of Ancient Greek art and science, and in the history of architecture as a whole. While features like the curvature of the stylobate and entablature, entasis and inclination of columns (and corresponding tapering of opposite walls) are found in somewhat cruder form on earlier Doric temples (Carpenter 1970:120) and are fairly obviously designed to counter optical illusions and create a sense of unity and grace, the insistence on certain ratios is more difficult to explain. According to the Roman architect Vitruvius — who wrote during a period very similar in its aesthetic values to that of Ancient Greece — the human body exhibits a definite system of proportion. The head, for instance, appears to constitute exactly one tenth of the height of a man. Thus, he supposed (making a leap from anatomy to architecture . . .), the dimensions of buildings should be determined with similar precision to ensure the most pleasing visual effect. (Vitruvius, Chapter I, Book III.) While Vitruvius does not refer to the "golden section" 2 in his Ten Books on Architecture


Canistel is a fruit with remarkable nutritional characteristics, yet it remains little known, underexploited and subject to numerous post-harvest losses in Cameroon. The objective of this work was to formulate nectars based on canistel, to evaluate their organoleptic, nutritional and microbiological qualities. The parameters studied were analysed by standard methods. The results showed that, of the nectars formulated, the one with 50% canistel was the most appreciated. With the exception of trace elements, the nutritional composition of the nectars improved with increasing canistel. Per 100 mL, the crude fibre content of these nectars was significant (0.17±0.003g for B25 and 0.36±0.003g for B50), as were vitamin C (72mg and 176±8.00 mg for B25 and B50 respectively) and carotenoids (0.06 mg for B25 and 3.49 mg for B50). The results of the mineral content indicate that canistel nectar is a good source of macroand micro-nutrients, with potassium as the predominant element. Antinutrients were traced and the results of the microbiological analysis showed that these nectars were suitable for consumption.


The quality of the attachment of meat to bone is often reported to be insufficient for more and more poultry's consumers. This is particularly true for thigh meat in broilers. The aim of this study was to compare muscle to bone attaches (namely tendons) from a biomechanical and a biochemical point of view in 25 standards broilers (6 weeks old) and 25 Label Rouge carcasses (12 weeks old). Carcasses weighted around 1.7 kg in the two groups. Various tendons (from thighs) were harvested and proceed for passive stretch tests, prior to cooking or not, in order to determine main mechanical characteristics (maximum load, stiffness, longitudinal strain). Biochemical parameters such as dry matter percentage, total collagen content, collagen solubility and sulphated glucosaminoglycans (sGAG) content were also determined. Results showed that biomechanical values differ largely from one tendon to another These values are also different between the two groups of chickens mainly after cooking. The results clearly show that, after cooking, the adherence of meat to bone is better in Label rouge than in Standard chickens. From a biochemical point of view, significant differences were recorded between the two groups of animals for total collagen and sGAG contents and for collagen solubility. Label rouge chickens were reported to have higher collagen and sGAG contents associated to a lower collagen solubility. These differences may explain sensory differences observed for the two types of meat and could be due to increased age and/or physical activity of Label rouge chickens. _____________________________________________________________


Herein, PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) with the private key file one-time password-based (One Time Password, OTP) to, its that the encrypted private key file to securely manage PKI-based private key file management by encrypting methods and relates to the system, the system for managing the private key file of the PKI-based according to an embodiment of the present specification, a password input by the OTP authentication value and the user generated by authenticating the OTP value of OTP (one Time password) terminal the strings can be generated based on, and the generated encryption key recognize the new string, and the encryption key to encrypt the private key file, save the encrypted private key file.


Liz Price, who is a Senior Lecturer in Human Resource Management in the School of Hotel and Catering Management at Oxford Brookes University, reviews the evidence suggesting that personnel practice in the commercial sector of the UK hotel and catering industry tends to be poor. In particular, she presents the findings of her own recent surveys which demonstrate that few hospitality employers meet all of the basic requirements set by employment legislation and that managers/proprietors are poorly advised/trained about 'good practice'. She argues that poor personnel practice is of concern because, ultimately, it threatens UK success in tourism and hospitality markets as well as providing only low quality employment for many people.


The famous Bacchanal (Fig. I) in the National Gallery, attributed to Giovanni Bellini and — according to Vasari — finished by Titian,1 shows one detail that is of special interest to the musicologist.


To the Editor: —The article entitled "Hidden or Unsuspected Bronchiectasis in the Asthmatic Patient" by Drs. Overholt, Walker, and Woods in the Oct. 4, 1952, issue ofThe Journalis misleading to the medical profession. Despite Dr. Overholt's richly deserved preeminence as a thoracic surgeon, I must take exception to his criteria for a diagnosis of bronchial asthma from both the internists' and the allergists' viewpoints. Everyone who wheezes does not have asthma and should not be so labelled. Not one of the patients reported on in this article can be termed asthmatic. Today no one calls bronchogenic carcinoma, inspissated foreign bodies, tuberculous bronchial stenosis, or left heart failure bronchial asthma yet patients with any of these conditions may wheeze and have exertional dyspnea. In the cases reported, however, Dr. Overholt makes the same erroneous diagnosis. Symptomatic bronchiectasis is rare in my experience of bronchial asthma. In the older age


Reactive transport is modeled by the sequentially coupled code MCOTAC that couples one-dimensional advective, dispersive, and diffusive transport with chemical equilibrium complexation and precipitation/dissolution reactions in a porous medium. Transport, described by a random walk of multispecies particles, and chemical equilibrium calculations are solved separately, coupled only by an exchange term. The modular-structured code was applied to incongruent dissolution of hydrated silicate gels, to movement of multiple solid front systems, and to an artificial, numerically difficult heterogeneous redox problem. These applications show promising features with respect to applicability to relevant problems and possibilities of extensions.


Extremely fine particles of iron were prepared by vacuum evaporation onto a running oil substrate. Particles thus prepared were suspended in the oil and their average diameter was about 25 Å. From the electron diffraction analysis, it is found that the main constituent of the suspended particles is Fe3O4. Magnetic measurements revealed that these particles showed superparamagnetism whose blocking temperature was distributed between 10 and 30 K, and that the magnetic interaction among these particles was negligibly small.


Objective To investigate the relationship in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma between the serum VEGF and ES levels and the factors of clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis. Methods The serum levels of VEGF and ES were detected in 162 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 50 healthy persons by ELISA method. Results ①The serum levels of VEGF and ES in NHL patients were significantly higher than those in healthy persons, respectively(P0.01), and so was the V/E ratios. ②The serum level of VEGF and ES and the V/E ratio in NHL patients were closely related to clinical stages, malignant grade, and bone marrow invasion (except for VEGF) (P0.05), but not to the histological cell classification, age, sex of the patients. ③The serum levels of VEGF, ES and the V/E ratio in CR patients (CRPs) were significantly lower than those in initial patients(IPs) (P0.01), but significantly higher than those in healthy persons(P0.01). The V/E ratio was not different. The serum level of VEGF and V/E ratio in 39 relapsed/refractory patients (RRPs) were significantly higher than those in IPs, but not different to ES(P0.05). ④The serum level of VEGF and ES and the V/E ratio in NHL patients were found to have significantly positive correlation with the prognostic parameters including LDH, CRP, β_2-MG, and so was between VEGF and ES. Conclusion The increased serum levels of VEGF and ES were associated with the malignant grade, tumor size, and poor prognosis in NHL patients. Determining serum VEGF and ES levels combining with the V/E ratio are useful for treatment and prognostic judgement of NHL patients.


The interdisciplinary colloquium was opened by a number of contributions on research methods. M. Wendisch (Zwickau) gave details of experiences in the collection of the motives behind voluntary sports activities of pupils with the help of interviews using the &dquo;card method&dquo; developed by L. Baum. The results achieved in the pre-test revealed the advantages of this method in contrast with the use of questionnaires, above all the possibility to ask for motives and to relate


Canick et al. (1995). Prenat. Diagn., in press. Cole, L.A. (1994). /?-core fragment @-core, UGP or UGF), Tumor Marker Update, 6, 69-75. Cole, L.A., Kardana, A., Park, S.-Y ., Braunstein, G.D. (1993). The deactivation of hCG by nicking and dissociation, J. Clin Endocrinol. Metab., 76, 704-710. Cuckle, H.S., Iles, R.K., Chard, T. (1994). Urinary B-core human chorionic gonadotropin: a new approach to Down's syndrome screening, Prenat. Diaw. , 14, 953-958. Cuckle, H.S. et al. (1995). Prenat. Diagn., in press. Hayashi, M., Kozu, H. (1995). Maternal urinary /?-core fragment of hCG/creatinine ratios and fetal chromosomal abnormalities in the second trimester of pregnancy, Prenat. Diagn., 15, 11-16. Lee, C.L., Iles, R.K., Shepherd, J.H., Hudson, C.N., Chard, T. (1991). The purification and development of a radioimunoassay for /?-core fragment of human chorionic gonadotropin in urine: application as a marker of gynecological cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, J. Endocrinol., 130,480489. Macri, J.N., Kasturi, R.V., Krantz, D.A., Cook, E.J., Moore, N.D., Young, J.A., Romero, K., Larsen, J.W., Jr (1990). Maternal serum Down syndrome screening: free beta-protein is a more effective marker than human chorionic gonadotropin, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 163, 1248-1253. Milunsky, A,, Nebiolo, L.M., Bellet, D. (1993). Maternal serum screening for chromosome defects: human chorionic gonadotropin versus its free 8-subunit, Fetal Diagn. Ther., 8, 221. Tanaka, A., Cole, L.A. (1995). Comparison of 4 kits for measuring B-core fragment, Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zashi, in press.


Formation of metal ion adducts in mass spectrometry, particularly in electrospray ionization liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS), is a nightmare scenario for an analyst dealing with quantitative analysis. We have studied in detail the metal adduct formation and concluded  that the use of fluorinated alkanoic acids along with formic acid and volatile ammonium salts was extremely useful in suppressing metal adduct formation in positive ion mode of ESI-LC-MS. The extremely high electronegativity of fluorine atom and unique electrostatic nature of C—F bond coupled with stereo-electronic interactions with neighboring bonds or lone pairs enables the polyfluorinated alkanoic acids in trapping highly electropositive ions (Na+, K+) thereby letting proton do its job efficiently. Addition of formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, heptafluorobutyric acid and ammonium acetate was found to be extremely effective in controlling metal ion adducts and producing [M+H]+ ions almost exclusively resulting in significant increase in the sensitivity. This technique has been successfully used in our laboratory for the estimation of targeted and nontargeted analysis of pesticides, marine toxins, drugs and pharmaceuticals etc. in various matrices including environmental waters using liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometer operated in all ion acquisition mode and triple quadruples (QQQ) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.


Particulate and hydrocarbon content of gases in a regenerative gas turbine was analyzed at several points. Particle samples were measured with a condensation nuclei counter, a light scattering single particle counter and an impactor. Hydrocarbon analyses were made using gas chromatography. The effects of operation with JP-4 and No. 2 fuel oil were noted. It was concluded that a regenerative gas turbine will not add appreciably to the burden of air pollution. In fact, particulate contamination levels in the exhaust less than those in the inlet air indicates that the high rotation rate may result in some air cleaning. Low hyd rocarbon contents in the exhaust gas were ascribed to efficient combustion under the operating conditions used in this work. In general, it was concluded that hydrocarbon levels significantly lower than those seen from gasoline or diesel engines could be expected from a well maintained and operated regenerative gas turbine.


ABSTRACT The potential of chitosan (0.1% dry weight equivalent) as a bioremediation additive for removal of the recalcitrant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pyrene in marine beach sediments was investigated using an open irrigation system over a 63-day period. Osmocote, a slow release fertilizer, was used as the key nutrient supplement at a concentration of 1% in sediment (dry weight equivalent). Osmocote significantly (p < .05) enhanced nutrient levels, and the metabolic activity of the indigenous microbial biomass. Both additives were comparable in stimulating pyrene biodegradation rates; with chitosan (0.062 day−1) being slightly more effective as an amendment than Osmocote (0.051 day−1). Loss of pyrene in a control sediment (i.e., pyrene, without additives) was 66.6% over a 63-day period. The concurrent application of additives yielded the greatest biodegradation rates (0.072day−1), resulting in a 98.2% loss of pyrene over 63 days. The treatment of oil contaminated beach sediments with both osmocote (1%) and chitosan (0.1%) is therefore recommended as an effective treatment for the intrinsic biodegradation of recalcitrant PAHs in oil-contaminated beach sediments.


The emotional immaturity of parents generates feeling of rejection. Another factor that adversely affects the perception of fathers rejection in adolescents, is marital adjustment of parents. The present study was undertaken to find out the effects and interaction among emotional maturity, marital adjustment of parents and sex of adolescents on the perception of fathers rejection in adolescents. Emotional maturity and marital adjustment of parents are evaluated through Emotional Maturity Scale developed by Dr. Y. Singh & Dr. M. Bhargava and Comprehensive marital Adjustment Inventory developed by Prof. O. P. Mishra respectively. Parents-Child relationship Scale developed by Dr. Nalini Rao was used to measure rejecting experience of adolescents. 2x2x2 ANOVA was used to compute results. Results shows that emotional maturity and marital adjustment of the parents and Sex of adolescents strongly influence the rejecting perception of adolescents.


This study is based on the case of the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) since the organization has struggled with its recruitment and brand building. The purpose of the study is to approach the coherence ...


In this paper, we investigate the user scheduling and power allocation scheme for a millimeter wave non-orthogonal multiple access system. To reduce the feedback overhead, random beamforming is adopted at a base station. The optimization problem is formulated to maximize the energy efficiency. To solve this problem, we first address the user scheduling and power allocation problem separately, then an iterative algorithm is proposed to jointly optimize the user scheduling and power allocation. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves higher energy efficiency than the conventional scheme.


Abstract The purpose of this study is to make a hydrologic modelling type of rain–flow on watershed of wadi Cheliff-Ghrib, by means of HEC-HMS model. Afterwards, this model is used to predict hydrologic response of the basin to the climate changes scenarios and land use. The model calibration was made in two phases; the first one is to select events, formalism of transfer function and appropriate NRCS downpour. The second is to deduce optimised parameters set which is used in validation. By using optimised parameters set, we were able to predict impact of quantiles downpours, changes in land use due to urbanisation, deforestation and reforestation on the peak flow and on runoff volume. Towards the end, we reconfirmed that influence of land use decreases for extreme storms.


fter the inception of Outward Bound USA in the A 1960s, adventure learning gained popularity and soon assumed an important place in North American education. Aware of the benefits that these initial wilderness experiences could offer, practitioners such as educators, social workers, and therapists later sought to incorporate wilderness and adventure aspects into their programs. By doing so, these practitioners broadened the use of their educational programs until they presently serve populations that range from adjudicated adolescents to corporate executives. With a variety of adventure programs seeking to help diverse holistic experiences, educators have discussed various types of teaching methods and processing techniques. Based on his o w n and other's research, Bacon (1987) defined three teaching methods (i.e., facilitation styles) known as the Mountains Speak for Themselves (MST), Outward Bound Plus (OBP), and the Metaphoric Model (MM). Educators who advocate the MST style continue to argue on behalf of the early Outward Bound philosophy that the participants should be left to interpret the experience ' themselves. These educators contend that learning occurs naturally in an adventure setting, and that verbalization is not necessary for a powerful expericlients, adventure educators initiated a broad discussion of the ways in which instructors could shape adventure experiences in order to extend their application. It quickly became apparent that learning and teaching methods which were greatly beneficial to some people only modestly helped others. As Gass (1991) has suggested, "Positive change can be achieved more often by using methods that address the specific needs of the population than through the 'blanket application' of any adventure experience to any ... issue" (p.12). The present article adds an empirical dimension to this ongoing discussion of how to best present adventure experiences to varied audiences. It analyzes quantitative data for the ways in which three teaching styles affected participant learning in a one-day ropes course program. Adventure educators have focused their discussions of teaching methods on two issues: 1) how to maximize the benefits of the adventure experiences, and 2) how to ensure that the benefits are retained. As they debated the role of ideas and intellect in shaping


Prediction of fatigue life on cylinder head for two stroke engine using constant and variable amplitude loading are presented. The objectives of this project are to predict fatigue life of cylinder head for two stroke internal combustion engine, to identify the critical location, to investigate the effect of mean stress of stress life and strain life method, to optimize the component material and to compare both constant and variable amplitude loading results. The structural and finite element modelling has been performed using a computer aided design and finite element analysis software package. The finite element model of component then analyzed using the linear elastic approach. Finally, the stress-strain state of component obtained previously will employ as input for the fatigue life. The effect of mean stress and materials optimize will be investigated. The cylinder head is the crucial part of the internal combustion engine. The failure of cylinder head can result in devastating damage to the engine including all the components from a tiny screw till a huge engine block. Life of cylinder head needs to be improved to prevent from any unpleasant problems. The result of the analysis was showed that there are no serious failure occurs at the part of the cylinder head and however it is observed that the minimum predicted life at the critical location is 102.38e-7 under constant amplitude loading and variable amplitude loading for stress life approach and the predicted life for strain life approach is 102.62 and 102.14 each under constant and variable amplitude loading. The optimization results were showed that 7075-T6 is the most superior material among the others.


Community service training in the Kangkung village, Mranggen Subdistrict, Demak Regency was carried out by exposing the material, introducing tools and materials and their functions, how to work to make softeners and deodorizers. The division of participants into 3 groups, each group gets tools and materials for making softeners and deodorizers in the hope that cooperation can be established between group members and increase entrepreneurship, can improve skills, reduce expenses if the fabric softener and deodorizer is used, and increase income for  Family Welfare Empowerment Members in Kangkung Village, Mranggen Subdistrict, Demak Regency, if the softeners and perfumers of the clothes are marketed. The results of this training are fabric softeners and deodorizers with a pH of 5, this is in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 16-0218-1997.


Vector pMPM-A4Ω and vectors pQE-30 and pET-45b(+) containing the 6x His-tag sequence were used for expression of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) structural and non-structural proteins in Escherichia coli. Coat protein (CP) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)-fragments RdRp 43 - 616 and RdRp 304-537 were chosen for expression. A high level of CP and RdRp 304-537 was obtained only in an expression system using pET-45b(+) vector and E. coli Rosettagami 2(DE3) cells. After purification, the His-tagged PLRV proteins were used for immunization of rabbits.


Some investments succeed and others fail. Furthermore, the probability of success will differ among people who undertake investments. In this paper, we construct exogenous and endogenous growth models that show that this heterogeneity in success rates of investment can cause extreme economic inequality. A major implication of our models is that even if the success rates are only slightly heterogeneous, people with relatively higher success rates can accumulate a larger amount of capital than those with relatively lower success rates, and as a result, the latter cannot satisfy all of their optimality conditions leading to extremely high debt-to-consumption ratios and large indebtedness to the former group. I then modify the models to consider multilateral behavior and the necessity of government intervention to improve this situation by means of simultaneous heterogeneity. I find that to prevent such extreme economic inequality, it is indispensable for the government to intervene appropriately by transferring appropriate amounts of income from the former to the latter.


Chromium (VI) compounds can produce noncancerous effects in several target organs: Respiratory system: Nasal and lung irritation, altered pulmonary function Gastrointestinal system: Irritation, ulceration and nonneoplastic lesions of the stomach and small intestine Hematological: microcytic, hypochromic anemia Reproductive system: Effects on the male reproductive organs, including decreased sperm count and histopathological changes to the epididymis [ASTDR]. Health Hazards


=-1 The Klein-Gordon equation is recovered in the framework of the theory of scale-relativity, first in the absence, then in the presence of an electromagnetic field. In this framework, spacetime at quantum scales is characterized by non-differentiability and continuity, which involves the introduction of explicit resolution-dependent fractal coordinates. Such a description leads to the notion of scale-covariance and its corresponding tool, a scale-covariant; derivative operator . Due to it, the Klein-Gordon equation is written as an equation of free motion and interpreted as a geodesic equation in fractal spacetime. However, we obtain a new form for the corresponding relativistic invariant, which differs from that of special and general relativity. Characterizing quantum mechanics in the present approach, it is not simply quadratic in terms of velocities, but contains an extra term of divergence, which is intrinsically present in its expression. Moreover, in spite of the scale-covariance statements of the present theory, we find an extra term of current in addition to the Lorentz force, within the equations of motion with electromagnetic field written in this framework. Finally, we introduce another tool - a `symmetric product' - from the requirement of recovering the usual form of the Leibniz rule written with the operator . This tool allows us to write most equations in this framework in their usual classical form; in particular the simple rules of differentiation, the equations of motion with field and also our new relativistic invariant.


There are longstanding debates regarding surgical versus conservative management of Achilles tendon ruptures, however there is limited focus on rehabilitation. A specific rehabilitation programme was initiated in 2008 to unify management and improve patient outcomes. We present the results at three and a half years. In October 2008 management was streamlined under the foot and ankle surgeons and a dedicated physiotherapy service. Operative management used mainly the Achillon device (Integra) and VACOped boot with a specific rehabilitation protocol. We prospectively collected data on all patients with Achilles tendon ruptures from October 2008 to March 2012. There were 246 patients in total with four lost to follow up. 80 were treated with the Achillon system, 18 had an open repair and 144 were treated conservatively (of which 56 were partial or musculocutaneous junction tears). Three patients sustained re-rupture (1.2%), all initially treated conservatively. There were two operative complications (2%), both wound breakdowns. Two patients suffered PE9s (0.8%), confirmed on VQ scan or CTPA (one operative, one conservative). One non-compliant patient healed functionally long and required a shortening procedure. The authors experience has been that using the VACOped boot with our custom rehabilitation programme in dedicated physiotherapy clinics has produced excellent results.


We evaluate to what extent the temperature rise in the past 100 years was a trend or a natural fluctuation and analyze 2249 worldwide monthly temperature records from GISS (NASA) with the 100-year period covering 1906–2005 and the two 50-year periods from 1906 to 1955 and 1956 to 2005. No global records are applied. The data document a strong urban heat island effect (UHI) and a warming with increasing station elevation. For the period 1906–2005, we evaluate a global warming of 0.58°C as the mean for all records. This decreases to 0.41°C if restricted to stations with a population of less than 1000 and below 800 meter above sea level. About a quarter of all the records for the 100-year period show a fall in temperatures. Our hypothesis for the analysis is, as generally in the papers concerned with long-term persistence of temperature records, that the observed temperature records are a combination of long-term correlated records with an additional trend, which is caused for instance by anthropogenic CO2, the UHI or other forcings. We apply the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and evaluate Hurst exponents between 0.6 and 0.65 for the majority of stations, which is in excellent agreement with the literature and use a method only recently published, which is based on DFA, synthetic records and Monte Carlo simulation. As a result, the probabilities that the observed temperature series are natural have values roughly between 40% and 90%, depending on the stations characteristics and the periods considered. "Natural" means that we do not have within a defined confidence interval a definitely positive anthropogenic contribution and, therefore, only a marginal anthropogenic contribution cannot be excluded.


Poetry images have intensive personal characteristics and can embody a poet's style most.Among the existing 122 poems of Tao Yuanming,there are up to 38 poems relating to birds,from which we can see that birds are the very important images in Yao Yuanming's poems.Bird images in Tao Yuanming's poems inherited the technique of metaphor of traditional poems,and meanwhile formed its own vivid artistic characteristics.Bird images in Yao Yuanming's poems had special characteristics,exerted the full media effect on transferring emotions and ideas,and got to the ambit of combination between substance and ego.His language was plain and natural.


LASEK performed after refractive lens exchange with implantation of an accommodating IOL seems to be safe and effective. Visual outcomes were good with no development of complications or loss of best-corrected visual acuity.


How to cite this article: Behera B, Mohanty S, Mishra B, Mohapatra PR. Letter in Response to "Melioidosis in a Tertiary Care Center from South India: A 5-year Experience. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(5):368–369.


Bibliographic data and brief summaries are provided for selected works of history and social science published in France (and in French) that place 19thand 20th-century East European Jews at the center of their analysis and/or are extensively based on sources produced by East European Jews. Bibliographic data (without summary) is offered for additional scholarly titles, along with a selection of introduced and/or annotated translated memoirs and sources, works of literary scholarship, exhibitions catalogs, and re-publications. This listing is based on the publishers' descriptions of the books. Per year in alphabetical order (authors):


[1] Total suspended particles (TSP) were collected at the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m above sea level) on a daytime and nighttime basis during a summertime campaign (May–June 2006) and were characterized for organic molecular compositions using solvent extraction/derivatization and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique. The n-Alkanes, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, sugars, glycerol and polyacids, and phthalate esters were found as major organic compound classes, whereas lignin and resin products, sterols, aromatic acids, hopanes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected as minor classes. Sugars (49.8–2115 ng m−3, average 640 ng m−3 in daytime; 18.1–4348 ng m−3, 799 ng m−3 in nighttime) were found to be the dominant compound class. Levoglucosan, a specific cellulose pyrolysis product, was detected as the most abundant single compound, followed by C28 fatty alcohol, diisobutyl and di-n-butyl phthalates, C29n-alkane, C16 and C28 fatty acids, and malic acid. By grouping organic compounds based on their sources, we found that emission of terrestrial plant waxes was the most significant source (30–34%) of the TSP, followed by biomass burning products (25–27%) (e.g., levoglucosan and lignin and resin products), soil resuspension (15–18%) due to agricultural activities, secondary oxidation products (8–10%), plastic emission (3–10%), marine/microbial sources (6%), and urban/industrial emissions from fossil fuel use (4%). However, low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids (such as oxalic acid) of photochemical origin were not included in this study. Malic acid was found to be much higher than those reported in the ground level, suggesting an enhanced photochemical production in the free troposphere over mountain areas. Temporal variations of biomass burning tracers (e.g., levoglucosan, galactosan, mannosan) and some higher plant wax derived compound classes suggested that there were two major (E1 and E2) and one minor (E3) biomass-burning events during this campaign. Most of the compound classes showed higher concentrations in nighttime samples when organic aerosols can be long-range transported from different source regions to the summit of Mt. Tai above the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This study also demonstrates that the free troposphere over Mt. Tai is heavily influenced by field burning of agricultural wastes such as wheat straws in the North China Plain during the harvest season in early summer.


Disclosed is a mobile communication system provided with a handheld terminal, a plurality of base stations that can communicate with the handheld terminal, and a linked server that can communicate with the base stations. The base stations detect the handheld terminal moving in and out the areas of said base stations, and notify the linked server. The linked server acquires handheld terminal location information from the notification and stores, in a history storage means, a dwell history for the handheld terminal, based on the location information, and a script that indicates rules for mode settings, specified per handheld terminal. The linked server runs the script on the basis of the dwell history, decides a mode change command per handheld terminal, and transmits the mode change commands to the base stations. Each base stations transmits the received mode change commands to handheld terminals in the area of that base station. The handheld terminal executes the received mode change command and changes mode settings.


Jobs, jobs, jobs! This is the mantra in Washington these days—and, with unemployment over eight percent, rightly so.1 But, while it makes sense for policymakers to look to new industries such as clean energy to power job creation, they often overlook the key role that information technology (IT) has played and will continue to play in job creation throughout all industries. In fact, over the last decade, IT employment in the United States grew rapidly. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, between 2001 and 2011, over 565,000 new IT jobs were created, an increase of 22.2 percent. Indeed, employment in IT occupations in all industries grew more than 95 times faster than employment as a whole, which grew by only 0.2 percent.2 (Figure 1) And because of the growth in these highpaying jobs, GDP is over $89 billion larger in 2011 than it was in 2001.3


This study focuses on the problems associated with caring for children with cerebral palsy (CWCP) in Chinese State Children's Welfare Institutions (SCWIs). It considers how to place these children with foster families and also provide them with the best rehabilitation services. In a pilot project, one SCWI trained foster parents as rehabilitators and provided services to CWCPs living with foster families in selected rural communities. The practice was very successful over the last decade, and more than 600 CWCPs in these communities are growing up happily. Hence, specialized foster care projects could be a solution for all SCWIs in China, where most of the institutionalized children are disabled.


Understanding through experiencing,which has the property of autonomy,depth and intentionality,is closely related with the college students' independence,experiences and needs of mind and body.And there are some internal connections between the teaching methods of understanding through experiencing and the cultivation of college students' thought and morality.Therefore,the application of the teaching methods of understanding through experiencing to the course of Cultivation of Ideology and Morality and Law Basics is feasible and inevitable.


Neurological diseases are a significant health threat, often presenting through abnormalities in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals during seizures. In recent years, machine learning (ML) technologies have been explored as a means of automated EEG pathology diagnosis. However, existing ML-based EEG binary classification methods largely focus on extracting EEG-related features, which may lead to poor performance in classifying EEG signals by overlooking potentially redundant information. In this paper, we propose a novel Kruskal–Wallis (KW) test-based framework for EEG pathology detection. Our framework first divides EEG data into frequency sub-bands using wavelet packet decomposition and then extracts statistical characteristics from each selected coefficient. Next, the piecewise aggregation approximation technique is used to obtain the aggregated feature vectors, followed by the KW statistical test methodology to select significant features. Finally, three ensemble learning classifiers, random forest, categorical boosting (CatBoost), and light gradient boosting machine, are used to classify the extracted significant features into normal or abnormal classes. Our proposed framework achieves an accuracy of 89.13%, F1-score of 87.60%, and G-mean of 88.60%, respectively, outperforming other competing techniques on the same dataset, which shows the great promise in EEG pathology detection.


Presentation will deal with outlook for domestic petroleum industry to 1975. Outlook will demonstrate impact of U. S. economy and energy markets of a significant change in the composition of the population by age brackets. A regional division of U. S. energy market will show relative opportunities for market growth of oil and gas in each area. Pointed up will be the effect on oil of likely gas expansion in Atlantic Coast market. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1873------------


This report analyzed the critical issues that determine the success of cultural change and the dynamics of reverse slip in the design of targeted adaptive organizations (High performance organization). These are not theoretical hypotheses. They are based on social practice, which strongly proves that high performance is achieved when: (1) values and attitudes consistent with the business and cultural resources, and (2) the behavior of organizational members is based on these values. When there are other dynamics often get good and solid results, but not organizational excellence. If management is based on principles, it is impossible otherwise slip and organizational culture develops to its design specifications. Analyze and cultural characteristics of the target adaptive organizations requirement for initiating and implementing changes. Identify critical issues in the management of cultural change and the dynamics of reverse slip, where organizations have not developed the capacity for renewal in the context of dynamically changing environment.


In this paper, we consider a system of K‐independent Markovian queues such that each one of them has a Poisson arrival process and exponential service time. We assume that every server has some characteristics such as the speed of the service performance or the service cost. To find an appropriate queue, which meets customer needs for the service performance, we present a new approach that gives a suitable decision to choose an appropriate queue from our system. This allows the customer to deal with minimum cost and faster server under steady state. We solve an interesting discrete stochastic optimization problem where the paid cost by the customer is bounded by a Gaussian distribution. Using these hypotheses, we perform a simulation study by generating the paid cost random values and choosing the minimum value between them. This minimum cost gives the highest service rate, which is used to obtain the optimum values of the system effectiveness measures.


In order to pursue a high-performance mist-cooled heat exchanger, development of heat-transfer tubes with various surface structures, such as grooved, wire-wound, and screen mesh wrapped tubes, has been performed on the basis of the previous results of smooth surface tubes. The effect of surface structures on heat-transfer enhancement was clarified experimentally and theoretically with relation to the extension of a wetted area.


Hydrodynamic investigation of carangiform robotic fish has been carried out by using a novel experimental method. The laboratory robotic fish model which follows an exact replica of Saithe, is self-propelled on a servo towing system. The forward towing speed is determined by the fluid force acting upon the robotic fish, as the fish undulate its body in the water. The importance of the self-propelled method which allows for simultaneous measurement of internal and extern force and flow analysis of robotic fish has been demonstrated in the hydrodynamic experiment.


Given India's vast expanse and dense population, the prediction of agricultural yields is crucial for ensuring food security. The task, however, is complex due to the influence of a multitude of factors, such as agricultural practices, environmental conditions, and technological advancements. Existing machine learning (ML) models face difficulties due to the quality and variability of data, model overfitting, intricate model structures, insufficient feature engineering, and temporal dependencies. Therefore, a robust and efficient model that addresses these challenges is imperative. In this study, an investigation was conducted using five prevalent ML algorithms — Random Forest (RF), XGBoost, Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Linear Regression (LR) — on a crop prediction dataset sourced from Kaggle. Algorithms that exhibited the highest coefficient of determination (R²) were selected to construct a hybrid model for aggregate prediction. Results demonstrated that the proposed hybrid model, encompassing DT, XGBoost, and RF, surpassed individual classifiers in terms of R² score and outperformed the existing models, achieving an accuracy of 98.6%. This provides a robust and efficient framework for crop yield predictions. Consequently, a user-friendly tool, 'Crop Yield Predictor', was developed, rendering the model accessible and practical for on-ground applications in agriculture. This tool effectively translates complex data and algorithms into actionable insights, bridging the gap between advanced machine learning techniques and practical agricultural applications.


ABSTRACT
The effect of packaging materials on the physicochemical and rheological characteristics of iron-fortified wholemeal flour (WMF) during storage was determined. WMF was fortified with three fortificants, namely ferrous sulfate (30 ppm), ferrous sulfate + ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (20 + 20 ppm) and elemental iron (60 ppm). Each flour was also fortified with 1.5 ppm folic acid. Moisture, flour acidity and peroxide value increased during storage, while protein and fat contents decreased. Highest conversion of Fe2+ into Fe3+was observed in flour fortified with ferrous sulfate (2.72%), followed by that fortified with ferrous sulfate + EDTA (1.49%) and elemental iron (1.06%). Water absorption and dough viscosity of iron-fortified flours increased during storage. The flour containing ferrous sulfate was most acceptable regarding sensory characteristics, followed by samples containing ferrous sulfate + EDTA. Fortified flours were more stable during storage than unfortified. Addition of EDTA increased the stability of flours and fortificants. The fortified flours stored in polypropylene bags proved more stable than those stored in the tin boxes.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
The main role of packaging is to protect the product during handling, distribution and storage against environmental and mechanical hazards. The success of a fortification program depends on the stability of micronutrients and food to which these are added. Chemical changes during storage badly affect chapatti making and sensory properties. Exposure of the fortificant to any factor including heat, moisture, air or light, and acid or alkaline environments during processing, packaging, distribution, or storage affects its stability. Flour containing elemental iron and ferrous sulfate with EDTA remained stable up to 42 days. The unfortified flour and flour containing ferrous sulfate remained stable for 21 days in tin boxes and 28 days in the polypropylene bags. Wheat flour milling industry would be benefited from this research if government is keen to launch iron fortification program in the country to curb iron deficiency anemia among population.


To examine the mediating role of pain acceptance (PAcc) between fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and activity avoidance (AV) at different levels of positive affect (PA) (moderator) among women diagnosed with fibromyalgia (FM) (moderate mediation model). This study was cross-sectional in design. A convenience sample of women with FM (n = 231) completed measures of pain severity, FNE, PAcc, AV, and PA. A simple mediation model and a moderate mediation model was constructed and analyzed using the SPSS macro-PROCESS. First, PAcc mediated the effect of FNE on AV (β = .02, SE = 0.008; [95% CI [0.0075, 0.0394]). Second, a mediated effect of PAcc between FNE and AV moderated by PA at medium and high levels of PA were found (m: 0.23; β = −.22, p = .0006; h: 9.59; β = −.34, p = .0002. Future work should seek to validate study findings in diverse samples of FM patients. Additionally, future work should explore how FM self-management interventions that include PAcc can promote increased activity among women suffering from FM with medium to high levels of PA.


Summary On incubating insulin under sterile conditions in acid saline with 2 moles of oxophenarsine (3-an1ino-4-hydroxyphenylarsenoxide hydrochloride) for each atom of sulfur contained in the insulin, it was found (by blood sugar determinations) that the effect of the treatment was to prolong the action on the blood sugar beyond that of untreated insulin. However, after 2 weeks standing this delayed action effect had disappeared and the material gave a blood sugar curve identical to that of the control insulin. Possible mechanisms of the interaction of oxophenarsine and insulin are briefly discussed.


Soybean price fluctuations become an important problem in Indonesia every year. The demand for soybeans increases every year in line with population growth and the soybean processing industry. The current problem is that soybean demand is increasing


This paper proposes a high performance and low power dynamic CMOS PLA that minimizes active power consumption. The proposed PLA uses a conditional evaluation scheme to reduce short circuit power consumption during the evaluation phase. The proposed PLA reduces delay by 13.8%, dynamic power by 46%, and total power delay product (PDP) by 53.4% compared to the conventional clock-delayed PLA in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process technology.


Background: One of the most debilitating effects of advancing age is the progressive decline in aerobic exercise capacity. To prevent this decrease, exercise prescription has been proved to be effective in compensating for the age-associated decline in maximal oxygen capacity.

Methods: 27 healthy sedentary elderly men (10) and women (17) aged 67±7 yr, were involved in a tailored 6-week intermittent exercise programme, with 30 min cycling per session, 3 times a week. One session alternated 4 min at a workload corresponding to the ventilatory threshold (called "bases") and 1 min to a charge corresponding to 90% of the maximum tolerated power of the subjects (called "peaks"). This was repeated 6 times during one session. To determine these charges, all subjects underwent a 1-minute-step maximal incremental exercise test to find out their maximal tolerated power, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), maximal heart rate, and maximal lactate. A second maximal incremental exercise test was performed after the programme, to compare the different parameters.

Results: For the whole group, maximal tolerated power increased from 113±8 watts to 13±9 watts (P < 0.001), VO2 peak increased from 19.8±0.9 ml·kg-1·min-1 to 22.2 ±0.9 ml·kg-1·min-1 (P=0.002), maximal heart rate (143±4 vs 144±4 beats·min-1) and maximal lactate (5.4±0.3 vs 5.7±0.3 mmol·L-1) did not change. VO2 at ventilatory threshold increased from 950±57 ml·min-1 to 1095±69 ml·min-1 (P=0.007), and the corresponding power increased from 65±5 watts to 82±6 watts (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Even after a short time training programme (6 weeks), we observed a significant improvement in aerobic capacity, and especially in sub-maximal workloads, which represented, for these subjects, their daily-life capacity.


It is popular to evaluate the efficiency of a system numerically in recent of studies system economics.Urban land is the basic element in the development of a city.Besides,urban land supply has a direct relationship with the rise and decline of a city and also the regional development.As a system reform,the evaluation of its performance has a practical value,which can help diagnose and predict the activities of urban land supply.In this article,the authors propose that we can change the evaluation on the efficiency of the system into that on the degree of achieving the system goals by evaluating and analyzing the system efficiency.Thus,the authors sum up the evaluation standard of urban land supply system performance in China.Following the rules of fairness and efficiency,and based on land structure,economy,fairness,this paper puts forward an index system of the evaluating performance of urban land supply system preliminarily,and taking Nanjing city as an example for the case study,makes a concrete evaluation of the performance of its land supply system in recent years.


In consideration of the wavelet packet transformation and LMS adaptive filtering algorithm,both of them have their particular advantages.This paper put them together in missile fuze anti-jamming.The result of MATALAB emluator indicates that this kind of method can obtain better anti-interference effects.


The present paper deals with in-cylinder combustion and pollutant formation of biodiesel-diesel blends. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study is carried out to assess the performance of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel-diesel blends. The effect of fuel temperature on various combustion parameters and pollutant emissions is studied. Three fuels are investigated: pure diesel, soybean biodiesel and a blend of 20% soybean biodiesel and 80% diesel (volume percentage). Biodiesel and diesel chemistries are represented by two surrogate mechanisms with 29 and 69 species respectively. The simulations are realized under constant load and speed. A 3D model was first set and validated against experimental results before launching the simulations. Results show that increase in fuel temperature decreases the NOx emissions, while carbon monoxide is increased CO2emissions also decrease with the increase of fuel temperature. The peak cylinder pressure is lowered and its location is moved towards the top dead center in all cases. Ignition delay and heat release rate also decrease with the fuel temperature. Exhaust gas temperatures are found to be sensitive to fuel temperature as well. With the lacking experiences conducted, this study gives an insight on the effect of fuel temperature on the combustion and environmental impacts of fuel temperature on diesel engines.


Among the class of pollutants considered as 'emerging contaminants', antibiotic compounds including drugs used in medical therapy, biocides and disinfectants merit special consideration because their bioactivity in the environment is the result of their functional design. Antibiotics can alter the structure and function of microbial communities in the receiving environment and facilitate the development and spread of resistance in critical species of bacteria including pathogens. Methanogenesis, nitrogen transformation and sulphate reduction are among the key ecosystem processes performed by bacteria in nature that can also be affected by the impacts of environmental contamination by antibiotics. Together, the effects of the development of resistance in bacteria involved in maintaining overall ecosystem health and the development of resistance in human, animal and fish pathogens, make serious contributions to the risks associated with environmental pollution by antibiotics. In this brief review, we discuss the multiple impacts on human and ecosystem health of environmental contamination by antibiotic compounds.


Abstract : The Optimum Track Ship Routing (OTSR) Applications of Strike Probability (OASP) system of computer programs is described. This system utilizes a method of forecasting the probabilities of encountering 30 kt tropical cyclone winds in the western North Pacific Ocean based on the tropical cyclone warnings issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), Guam, and the statistical analysis of historical tropical cyclone forecast errors. By applying this method of forecasting tropical cyclone wind probabilities, incorporating ship track evaluation and route generation algorithms, and including interactive and remote display capabilities, the OTSR personnel at the Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center, Monterey, California, and other users are provided with a unique approach to display, evaluation, and routing of ships threatened by tropical cyclones. (Author)


OBJECTIVE To find proteins differentially expressed in Staphylococcus epidermidis when they were treated by berberine hydrochloride.Thus the functions of these proteins could be classified.METHODS The S.epidermidis biofilm positive model had been successfully constructed before the further experiments.Then rapid argent nitrate staining method was employed to identify the formation of bacterial biofilm.After that,the PIA productive capacity of S.epidermidis could be detected using CRA plate process.The total protein of S.epidermidis was extracted and separated,following which the HPLC-CHIP/MS could be employed to identify differentially expressed proteins.RESULTS The biofilm of S.epidermidis was positive under appropriate cultural condition.However,the biofilm was decreased or even disappeared after drug treatment.What′s more,the PIA productive capacity was also down-regulated by berberine hydrochloride.Thus,the positive biofilm model of S.epidermidis was successfully constructed.During two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) analysis,we identified(764±12.40)proteins in the drug treated group while(836±9.23) proteins in the control.There were 23 differentially expressed proteins identified by HPLC-CHIP/MS,among which 13 proteins were up-regulated only in the drug treated group.However,only 10 proteins were up-regulated in control group.A functional identification approach was used to determine these proteins taking part in the growth,proliferation,metabolism and other categories in bacteria: bacteria metabolism 17.24%,signal pathway 16.09%,oxidative phosphorylation 13.79%,bacteria skeleton 17.82%,protein synthesis 13.22%,protein degradation 4.60%,transcription regulation 12.64% and others 4.60%.CONCLUSION Berberine hydrochloride can efficiently down regulate the formation of S.epidermidis biofilm in vitro.The differentially express proteins can be the basic data for the further research on biomechanism of bacterial antibiotic resistance.


This paper discusses the manner and the extent to which countries of the Global South have engaged in the fight against pandemics. It shows how Southern countries, like their brothers in the North, played a significant role in the fight against diseases such as AIDS. It unveils that despite its multilateral engagement in global health from the 2000s following its domestic health crisis, the Chinese government engaged in several bilateral health projects to fight pandemics in Southern countries. Using the Chinese-funded HIV/AIDS Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) research and treatment project in Tanzania as its focal point, the paper examines the history of the project from its inception in 1987 to its decline in 2014, and shows the contexts that influenced its establishment, practice, and perceptions by patients. The paper argues that although the Sino-Tanzanian HIV/AIDS TCM research and treatment project was less impactful in addressing the disease and transmitting medical knowledge to local researchers and practitioners, it realized the contribution of countries of the Global South to global health. More importantly, the use of TCM in fighting HIV/AIDS demonstrated the prospects of traditional medicine in addressing global health challenges.


ABSTRACT This article focuses on three Irish diasporic representations of the Aran Islands, and is innovative in analysing all three in the light of recent cultural theory, especially around postmemory and postmodernity. In particular, the paintings and photographs of Irish-British artist Sean Scully, especially Walls of Aran (2007), are given a first appraisal in this light. Further angles on Aran, and contexts for Scully's work, are provided by Man of Aran by Irish-American filmmaker Robert Flaherty (1934), and the photographic and literary representations of Aran produced by Anglo-Irish Ascendancy writer J.M. Synge between 1898 and 1902. The works are analysed in relation to a tradition of colonialist and nationalist primitivism and the essay builds a picture of diasporic romanticism that spans three quite different historical moments.


ABSTRACT:The article discusses literature by ultra-Orthodox women in Israel that targets an adult ultra-Orthodox audience. In particular, it examines plots of "identity swapping" in haredi women's fiction published by haredi publishers in Israel. This choice helps probe this corpus as a whole, as well as the methods that have shaped haredi identities in recent years in Israel. It argues that in texts written in the haredi community, even if the characters ultimately choose a religious identity, whether inborn or acquired, the very examination of the alternatives opened up during this period of indecision is as significant as the actual choice. As haredi authors are obligated to comply with the ideological and Halachic norms of their community, the choice of haredi identity at the end of the novel is almost imperative. Yet the opportunity to ponder this choice or to welcome possibilities inherent in other identities paves the way to a refreshed and more varied haredi identity. Looking closely at these dramatic moments and the choices characters made in their wake, it explores the relationship between community, identity, and identification as represented in this popular fiction.


Marketing system has been founded basically and put into effect on west-middle region of China, although compared with the east China, it's not perfect and has long distant.The effective way to push the development of west-middle region of China is to get marketing system central and combine marketing system with macro control systematically.


We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays B{sub d,s}{sup 0}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}, B{sup +}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}K{sup +}, and B{sup 0}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}K*{sup 0} using data from p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s= 1.8 TeV, collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab during the 1992-1993 running period. We find no indication of such decays and we set the following 90% confidence level upper limits on branching ratios: B(B{sup 0}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -})<1.6x10{sup -6}, B(B{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -})<8.4 x 10{sup -6}, B(B{sup +}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}K{sup +})<1.0x10{sup -5}, and B(B{sup 0}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}K*{sup 0})<2.5x10{sup -5}.


The adjustment of the labor relations usually relies on the means of law,policy,and regulations.Using dialectic and historical materialism,this paper expounds the functions of cultural factors in adjusting such relations and their main contents and effects,which should offer a new angle for studying and improving such relations.


Since 2004,the anthropology at home and abroad,sports,academic researcher's study found out that athletes (team) wearing the color of an impact on the outcome of sporting events,colors,the impact on the study results showed the following trends:the individual and team event,when the two sides have some strength,wear red clothing athletes and sports teams win,players do not wear red uniforms game but was wea-ring blue or white,wearing blue clothing athletes and sports teams to win. The mechanism of main impact includes match different colors of clothing with their special hidden within; match clothing colors would deviate from the autonomic homeostasis; uniforms in different colors with different visual properties; players with diffe-rent color uniforms impact the enthusiasm of emotional experience.


Ken Hirschkop takes issue with Bakhtin's implicitly subjectivist view of the novel as the form which represents language in its "true" dialogizing state, persuasively arguing that all discourse can be monologic or dialogic according to power relations. He might, nonetheless, have acknowledged Valentin Voloshinov-Bakhtin's early, "materialist" interpretation of monologism. In section 2, David Shepherd, by contrast, accepts Bakhtin's characterization of the novel as an automatically dialogizing form. He demonstrates how authoritarian Soviet doctrine, introduced into the novelistic context as represented discourse, becomes a mere voice amongst others. The "production" novel becomes discontinuous with itself. Shepherd's synthesis of deconstruction and Bakhtin compels us to question the context-bound investment of authority in our own literary canons. Ann Shukman works with a noncontingent view of art. Her analysis of Daniil Kharms's Absurd adopts a stable, transitive model of communication and cites Kharms's uniqueness in his undermining of that model. Some theorists argue that all art involves selective breaking of conventions. Shukman's effective schema ought to be sufficiently flexible to distinguish between different forms of convention breaking, whether quantitatively (number and combination of conventions broken) or qualitatively (manner of breaking). Catriona Kelly's account of the Russian puppet theater makes excellent use of unexploited material. In criticizing Bakhtin for ignoring Russian carnival she characterizes the volume's refusal to idolize its guiding influence. Kelly's article reveals the contradiction in Soviet attempts to harness Petrushka's profane anti-authoritarianism to official ideology. Michael Makin counterbalances Polan by demonstrating how Marina Tsvetaeva's "high-art" rewriting of the Russian vampire legend transforms the latter's conservatism into the assertion of a disruptive female sexuality. For Makin, the disruption extends to the poem's very fabric, creating a richly suggestive analogy between the heroine and the poetic language which "opens itself as a sexual object." (Does this, though, perpetuate a male model of the reading act?) Joe Andrew's attack on the hallowed texts of eighteenth century Russian prose uncovers blatant misogyny. Andrew's skepticism towards canons matches that of many contributors. His adherence to an Althusserian view of literature as a passive receptacle for state ideology does not. Barbara Heldt's feminism centers on womens' reappropriation of female experience from a universalized male perspective. Heldt successfully delineates two strategies adopted within Russian (male) writers' descriptions of childbirth: the transference of the experience to a male viewpoint and the defeminizing metaphorization Of the experience. Interpreting the links and contrasts arising from the juxtaposition of articles in this volume is both fascinating and instructive. The contrasts and "discontinuities" sometimes jar, yet one of the strengths of the collection is a consistently self-conscious awareness of the paradoxes and contradictions within and between the contributions.


Abstract This article studies Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) diffusions with sticky reflection at zero. Sticky reflecting OU diffusions are defined as weak solutions of a system of SDEs involving the local time at the boundary at zero. The transition semigroup and the distribution of the first hitting time up are characterized analytically via their spectral representations. The results are applied to the Vasicek interest rate model with the sticky zero lower bound, where the interest rate follows a sticky reflecting behavior at zero, with the stickiness parameter explicitly controlling how fast the interest rate leaves the zero lower bound.


turned up in the Drug Enforcement Agency's (DEA) investigative reports. The author is quick to point out instances of the "primacy of politics over drug enforcement" (p. 86). It was for this reason that U.S. drug enforcement operations against the Kataeb and LF never materialized into significant arrests and seizures. This also explains why U.S. intelligence agencies continued to supply both organizations with financial resources and political cover. Furthermore, the Reagan Administration increasingly involved the DEA in non-drug-related covert operations against groups that were much smaller players in the drug trade but which U.S. policymakers viewed as antagonistic to U.S. interests. The politicized nature of public allegations against—or underreporting of—various other groups' involvement in the Lebanese drug trade make up the last two chapters. To this effect, Marshall challenges the claim that the Syrian regime directly sponsored the Lebanese drug trade after its intervention in 1976. Instead, he highlights how Syrian military officers established a "modus vivendi with traffickers" (p. 122) for a host of strategic and economic reasons (Chapter 6). Marshall also demonstrates the multifaceted complicity of Israeli officials in the drug trade, at first by virtue of their geographic proximity and later as a direct result of the 1978 and 1982 Israeli invasions of Lebanon and the subsequent occupation of the south. Marshall dismisses allegations that the Palestine Liberation Organization, its affiliated groups, and Hizbullah are "narco-terrorist organizations" (p. 142). For the author, this was not about morality. Until 1990, none of these organizations had any need for or capacity to engage in the drug trade in a centralized, organized, or consistent manner. In fact, one organization that was much more implicated in the drug trade was the understudied Armenian Tashnaq Party and its various affiliate groups. The Lebanese Connection is an important contribution to the historiography of Lebanon. Marshall makes excellent use of U.S. government sources that scholars of the Middle East overlook. These include the records of the DEA (including its predecessors, the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, later Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) and the U.S. Department of State's annual International Narcotics Control Strategy Report. Marshall also provides an important outline of the origins of drug cultivation and trafficking in Lebanon and their subsequent role in the civil war. Scholars interested in a social or cultural history of drug production, trade, and consumption in Lebanon will be disappointed by what is effectively a political narrative that takes for granted the illicit nature of drugs and U.S. drug enforcement efforts. At various intervals the relationship between the drug trade and particular events appear at best circumstantial. A major reason for these limitations is Marshall's neglect of local Lebanese sources—whether newspaper reports, legal codes, memoirs, or oral histories—due to the fact that the author can read Arabic sources "only in translation" (p. 4). Nevertheless, he provides rich foundations to broaden and complicate our understanding of Lebanon's early independence and civil war periods. This work makes it difficult to rigorously study political economy, militia mobilization, and foreign intervention in these periods, without taking "informal sectors" such as that of the drug trade seriously.


The presented paper discusses the issue of faith in St. Ambrose's letters. According to him, there is nothing more important than faith and therefore he refers repeatedly in his correspondence to various issues related to faith. So Ambrose's letters are the perfect practical complement to his dogmatic and exegetical works. The above article on the basis of the reading of his letters shows the faith as a gift to be developed and improved, having the source in the Scriptures; richness of faith and its reference to other virtues and the Christian faith in relation to Jews and Gentiles are shown as well.


In Part I of this paper the kinematic relationships between the absolute, elastic and joint accelerations are developed. In this paper, these kinematic equations are used with the generalized Newton-Euler equations and the relationship between the actual and generalized reaction forces to develop a recursive projection algorithm for the dynamic analysis of open-loop mechanical systems consisting of a set of interconnected rigid and deformable bodies. Optimal matrix permutation, partitioning and projection methods are used to eliminate the elastic accelerations while maintaining the inertia coupling between the rigid body motion and the elastic deformation. Recursive projection methods are then applied in order to project the inertia of the leaf bodies onto their parent bodies. This leads to an optimal symbolic factorization which recursively yields the absolute and joint accelerations, and the joint reaction forces. The method presented in this paper avoids the use of Newton-Raphson algorithms in the numerical solution of the constrained dynamic equations of open-loop kinematic chains since the joint accelerations are readily available from the solution of the resulting reduced system of equations. Furthermore, the method requires only the inversion or decomposition of relatively small matrices and the numerical integration of a minimum number of co-ordinates. Open-loop multibody robotic manipulator systems are used to compare the results and efficiency of the recursive methods with that of the augmented formulations that employ Newton-Raphson algorithms.


The cholesteryl hemisuccinate was grafting modified with polyglycerol using p-TSA as catalyst, dimethylbenzene as solvent. The effects of catalyst dosage, reaction time and mole ratio of raw material on the product were investigated. It was found as follow:reaction time 3 h, mole ratio of polyglycerol to cholesteryl hemisuccinate 1.2 and p-TSA dosage 15% of the mass of cholesteryl hemisuccinate.Under the condition,the yield of product was up to 66%.The chemical structure and physical properties were tested by FT-IR and melting point.


This paper investigates the major point of the medical tourism development in the Republic of Uzbekistan. On this way, potential of tourism and medical points of the development were analyzed at all. Moreover, Uzbekistan is seen as a major medical area where tourism and medicine could be crossed in positive tendencies. Finally, concluded major features of the medical tourism perspectives in order to make further developments as the


Wild-type Rhodopseudomonas spheroides and a highcatalase mutant were studied with regard to the lethal actions of alpha -particles from radon and of reagent H2O2. The catalase of the mutant affords marked protection against H2O2 but not against alpha -particles. The killing by alpha -irradiation was not changed materially by altering the cell suspension density or by the presence of oxygen during irradiation. Application of target theory indicated that a cell loses viability if any part of it is intersected by the track of an alpha particle. Exposure of wild-type R. spheroides cells to externally applied 1 M H2O2 for 30 seconds reduced the viable count by 50%. It was concluded that H2O2 in its ground state does not play a significant part in mediating the lethal action of alpha -particles on R. spheroides.


Perovskite type oxides of the system with compositions of x=0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 have been prepared at 1200C in air. X-ray powder diffraction assigns the compositions with x=0.00 and 0.25 to the orthorhombic crystal system and those with x=0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 to the cubic one. The unit cell volumes of solid solutions increase with x in the system. Nonstoichiometric chemical formulas were determined by Mohr salt titration. The mole ratio of ions to total iron ions and the concentration of oxygen ion vacancies increase with x. Mossbauer spectra for the compositions of x= 0.00, 0.25, and 0.50 show six lines indicating the presence of ions in the octahedral site. However, the presence of ions may also be detected in the spectra for the compositions with x=0.25 and x=0.50. In the compositions with x=0.75 and 1.00, single line patterns show also the mixed valence state of and ions. The electrical conductivity in the temperature range of -100C to 100C under atmospheric air pressure increases sharply with x but the activation energy decreases with the mole ratio of ion. The conduction mechanism of the perovskite system seems to be hopping of the conduction electrons between the mixed valence iron ions.


This paper proposes that the study of Chinese philosophy in the English speaking world has evolved in the three stages, i.e., the stage of preliminary introduction, the stage of communication, and the stage of deep study. The paper also tentatively investigates how problematic methodology in the study of Chinese philosophy and the prevalent conception of philosophy contribute to the marginalization of Chinese philosophy in the English speaking world and suggests some possible ways for the study of Chinese philosophy to emerge from the current difficult situation. At the end this paper emphasizes that no matter whether the study of Chinese philosophy can make the English speaking philosophical world accept Chinese philosophy as genuine philosophy, increased understanding and appreciation of the important and unique contribution of Chinese philosophy is its significant accomplishment nevertheless.


Abstract A new lightweight hand-operated coring auger for use in firn or ice is described. Extensive use of glass-epoxy composites contributes to a drill weight of approximately 1 kg/m in 20 m and 50 m configurations.


In this paper, two methods of changing the control parameter a and changing control points are presented for the shape modification of C-Beier curves. The relation between C-Beier curves and the control parameter a is obtained based on the analysis of the derivative C-Beier basis functions. Furthermore, the way of modifying the shape by the adjustment of a is introduced. On the other hand, the algorithm of shape control by modifying control points is given relying on the model between the shape of the curve and control points. The results have been applied to the CAD/CAM system for speaker cone models, which has got a good effect.


SOURCE CITATION
Singh JA, Cleveland JD. Hypersensitivity reactions with allopurinol and febuxostat: a study using the Medicare claims data. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79:529-35. 32024648.


This prospective study examines the clinical characteristics of children (n = 79; 8.42–15.92 years old; 33 biological males and 46 biological females) presenting to a newly established, multidisciplinary Gender Service in New South Wales, Australia, and the challenges faced by the clinicians providing clinical services to these patients and their families. The clinical characteristics of the children were comparable to those described by other paediatric clinics providing gender services: a slight preponderance of biological females to males (1.4: 1); high levels of distress (including dysphoria about gender), suicidal ideation (41.8%), self-harm (16.3%), and suicide attempts (10.1%); and high rates of comorbid mental health disorders: anxiety (63.3%), depression (62.0%), behavioural disorders (35.4%), and autism (13.9%). The developmental stories told by the children and their families highlighted high rates of adverse childhood experiences, with family conflict (65.8%), parental mental illness (63.3%), loss of important figures via separation (59.5%), and bullying (54.4%) being most common. A history of maltreatment was also common (39.2%). Key challenges faced by the clinicians included the following: the effects of increasingly dominant, polarized discourses on daily clinical practice; issues pertaining to patient and clinician safety (including pressures to abandon the holistic [biopsychosocial] model); the difficulties of untangling gender dysphoria from comorbid factors such as anxiety, depression, and sexual abuse; and the factual uncertainties present in the currently available literature on longitudinal outcomes. Our results suggest the need to bring into play a biopsychosocial, trauma-informed model of mental health care for children presenting with gender dysphoria. Ongoing therapeutic work needs to address unresolved trauma and loss, the maintenance of subjective well-being, and the development of the self.


Because ECT increases brain concentrations of medications via a transient breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, clinicians are often unsure whether to


The effects of nitrogen, potassium and silicon fertilizer on growth and resistance of rice seedlings against rice blast disease were studied. The experimental design (i.e., 3 fertilizers 5 dosage levels 3 rice varieties) applied with artificial inoculation of Magnaporthe grisea in greenhouse. The results showed that the leaf length and width of Teyou 627 (R), DQibaoyou 527 (MR) and Xianyou 63 (MS) were improved by application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. There was a significant relationship between nitrogen application and rice seedling's blast disease index on Teyou 627, DQibaoyou 527 and Xian you 63. A significant negative relationship between disease index on Xianyou 63 (MS) and potassium or silicon fertilizer, A significant correlation existed between leaf width and disease index on 3 rice varieties. They increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, but decreased with the increase of potassium or silicon fertilizer.


Marital satisfaction is gaining increasing concern in modern society. The current review proposes the dynamic goal theory of marital satisfaction to integrate previous findings about marital satisfaction from a life span developmental perspective. The theory argues that people have multiple goals to achieve in their marriage. These marital goals can be classified into three categories: personal growth goals, companionship goals, and instrumental goals. The priority of the three types of marital goals is under dynamic changes across adulthood. Generally speaking, young couples emphasize the personal growth goals, middle-aged couples prioritize the instrumental goals, and old couples focus on the companionship goals. Whether the prioritized marital goals are achieved in marriage determines marital satisfaction. Other factors influencing marital satisfaction can be linked with marital goals in two ways. Some factors, such as life transitions and cultural values, can affect the priority of different marital goals; while other factors, such as communication pattern, problem solving, and attribution, can facilitate the achievement of the prioritized marital goals.


An approach to control the tensile stress and Q factor of thin Si film beams in MEMS resonators was investigated. Metal-induced lateral crystallization (MILC) using Ni nanoparticles that were synthesized within a cage-shaped protein, apoferritin, was applied to a thin morphous Si film for making a MEMS resonator with thin film beams. The MILC produced a thin polycrystalline Si (poly-Si) film with large crystallized domain (50-60 μm) with nearly the same crystalline orientation, whereas the poly-Si film obtained by conventional annealing (without MILC) consisted of small grains (less than 1 μm) with random orientation. The MEMS resonator with a beam made of poly-Si film by MILC was fabricated. The large domain size and the improved crystallinity increased the tensile stress, and resulted in 20% increase in Q factor in the resonant characteristics.


The main purpose of this child health investigation was: 1. To study during the pre-school-age the frequency and types of disabilities and handicaps which may influence the present and future function of the child. Special interest was directed to disabilities not previously detected or cared for. 2. To develop and test valid and time-saving methods to detect these disabilities. 3. To test an administrative and organizational form for this type of child health study. 4. On the basis of our findings, it should be possible to suggest improvements to the ordinary Child Health Services regarding methods, personnel and organization. For reasons of availability and convenience, children in the city of Lund were chosen as the first population to be studied. One year later, children from Dalby, a rural district just outside Lund, were included.


In continuation of Paper I of this work we describe a practical application of the combination of complex absorbing potentials (CAPs) with Green's functions. We use a new approach for calculation of energies and lifetimes of temporary anions, which emerge, e.g., from elastic scattering of electrons from closed-shell targets. This new method is able to treat the continuum and correlation effects simultaneously and reduces the problem to the diagonalization of a number of relatively small, complex symmetric matrices. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated and its dependence on basis set and parameters characterizing the CAP is investigated using the 2Πg resonance state of N2− as an example. We also present the first correlated ab initio calculation of energies and lifetimes of resonances in elastic electron scattering from the organic molecule chlorobenzene. Our results for both examples are in good agreement with existing experimental values and other theoretical calculations. Possible futur...


Based on Hertz elastic contact theory and L-P fatigue life theory,combining with the special structure configuration and loading condition of multi-row roller slewing bearing,the theoretical formulas for checking contact strength and estimating life are deduced,and plotting of dynamic and static load capacity curves is introduced.


To confront of the COVID-19 pandemic, the government decided to impose online learning. This makes teachers need to use proper, effective, and efficient teaching materials. One of them is to update the student's worksheet (LKPD) into the form of an electronic Learners ' worksheet (E-LKPD). This research aims to identify the importance of electronic learners ' worksheets (E-LKPD) based on contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approaches in the study of text descriptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses the survey method using questionnaire or poll as the instrument of research. The poll is created and distributed to 30 respondents via Google form. A questionnaire is distributed to teachers who teach in middle School (SMP). Once data is collected, this study shows that E-LKPD is indispensable in online learning in particular learning to write description text. This is evidenced by most respondents agreeing that the learners ' worksheets (LKPD) write the updated description text into the form of electronic learners ' worksheets (ELKPD). In addition, the teacher agrees that the E-LKPD theme is adjusted to the context (CTL)). Thus, it was concluded that E-LKPD based contextual teaching and learning (CTL) was very useful for learning to write description text in the pandemic COVID-19


Shale usually contains a significant amount of water-sensitivity clays. When in contact with drilling fluid, shale and drilling fluid interact with each other, which lead to swelling due to hydration. This not only alters the stress distribution near the borehole, but also reduces the strength of the shale. So, the problem of the borehole instability in shale becomes very serious. While the shale is linear elasticity under the assumption condition, a model was established to calculate the stress distribution near the borehole under hydration. The model was discriminated by using difference method to carry out programming. The program can calculate the distribution of the water content, the stress distribution and the collapse pressure that is necessary for keeping the borehole stable.


Design for cost(DFC) is an embranchment of Design For X(DFx). Its aim is to a reduce the life cycle cost as possible on condition that the cost can meet users' requirement. Using axiomatic design theory, we decomposed the DFC's requirement to life cycle cost and released from the coupling relations among cost factors. Finally the cost evaluation software frame of DFC was established to develop DFC's software.


The particle detectors at the future linear colliders, like ILD and SiD, use Particle Flow Algorithms (PFA)s to reach higher jet energy resolutions than the classical pure calorimetry. During the past few years, the University of Iowa group developed the Iowa PFA. This algorithm has been used to benchmark the performance of the SiD detector for the Letter Of Intent of 2009. Recently, new strategies and techniques are included in the different parts of this algorithm in order to increase its performance. The latest improvements and results of the Iowa PFA will be discussed.


We have examined acetaminophen (paracetamol) dosing for outpatient management of posttonsillectomy pain in children. Forty children, 5–15 years of age, undergoing tonsillectomy and their parents were randomly assigned to use a scheduled administration of acetaminophen in weight appropriate doses, 60 mg·kg−1·24 h−1 orally, 90 mg·kg−1·24 h−1 rectally, or to use acetaminophen 'as needed' according to present standards (control group). Postoperative pain was assessed by the child using the poker chip tool for the first three days after discharge. The prevalence of pain amongst all the children was high. The second day after discharge 22%–64% of the children in the study group and 36%–73% of the children in the control group rated severe pain. Recommended dose ranges of acetaminophen do not provide sufficient pain relief in children following tonsillectomy. Further studies are required to determine, whether higher doses of acetaminophen or analgesics with different analgesic properties will lead to improved analgesia in children following tonsillectomy.


According to some estimates, by the late nineteenth century, slaves constituted about 50 % of the population of the Islamic (Fulbe) emirate of Adamawa. Though seemingly extraordinary, these figures are representative of many emirates of the Sokoto caliphate, of which Adamawa formed a part. Established in 1804 in conjunction with an Islamic holy war of purification, the caliphate rapidly developed as a regional economic system, connected by elaborate trading networks, with slaves constituting the primary commodity, to be bartered, sold, or given as tribute. Consequently, the region experienced a dramatic shift in its demographic composition and political orientation, and agricultural efforts were consolidated into plantations, manned by the captive slaves. Other slaves became the loyalists of the conquering Ful6e, as assistants on the battlefield, emissaries, title-holders or laborers. Those who escaped enslavement were often forced to engage in raiding, so as to provide slaves as tribute. Thus, the nineteenth-century jihad and its associated activities left an indelible mark on the societies that formed the Sokoto caliphate as well as those on its peripheries, such as Adamawa. A large body of literature has therefore emerged which analyzes the various dimensions of slavery and slave trading in the Sokoto caliphate, particularly in its core emirates, commonly known as Hausaland. But, with a few exceptions, there is comparatively less ethno-historical material for the phenomena in Adamawa. Moreover, because the caliphate's institution of slavery purportedly was gradually dismembered during the early colonial period, the experience of its slaves and slave descendants in the latter part of the 20th century-in the various milieus in which they are found-has received much less attention. Seeking to situate the activities and patterns of the Yola area within those of the Sokoto caliphate as a whole, this paper gives an overview of slavery in Adamawa emirate, focusing on the city of Yola, the emirate's capital, and its immediate rural hinterlands. We first begin by summarizing the historical factors, both regional and local, which stimulated the emergence of the


ABSTRACT Commodity and asset prices have a well-documented effect on economic growth as manifested through various channels. At the same time, the business cycle influences the commodity and asset prices. Whereas empirical evidence on the effect of commodity and asset prices on the long-run economic growth is ambiguous, most of the previous researches highlight a positive correlation in the short run. The aim of this article is to disentangle the short- and long-run co-movements between US historical business cycles and commodity and asset prices over the period 1859–2013. For this purpose, we use a time–frequency approach and we test the historical influence of oil, gold, housing and stock prices over the output growth. In contrast to other studies, we control for the effect of other prices and monetary conditions, using the wavelet partial coherency. In line with the previous works, we discover that co-movements between economic growth and commodity and assets prices manifest especially in the short run. We also find that stock returns and housing prices have a more powerful effect on the US economic growth rate than the oil and gold prices. The long-run co-movements are documented especially around the World War II. Finally, when controlling for the influence of the interest rate, inflation and other commodity and asset prices, co-movements become weaker in the short run. In general, the oil and housing prices lead the GDP growth, the US output leads the gold prices, while there is no clear causality direction between business cycle and stock prices.


Intermetallics such as CuSn, NiSi, and CuGa etc., are promising candidate materials to replace carbon-based lithium-ion battery anodes. However, the lithiation reactions of these anodes often involve the separation of the inactive phases, a slow process that retards the lithiation kinetics and deactivates their role as a stress buffer. This research visualizes the separated Cu in a lithiated CuSn anode by advanced transmission electron microscopy techniques. Cu nanospheres of 3-4 nm are found homogeneously distributed in both LiSn and LiCuSn phases, suggesting that Cu is transported by long-range diffusion from the reaction site at the LiSn/LiCuSn phase boundaries.


We study the case of a supersymmetric FRW model in a flat space in the superfield formulation. Some exact solutions of the model are found and we provide a range of possible applications in the evolution of the Universe at early times for two scalar fields potentials.


This paper addresses the problem of instance generation. We propose a method called NDSE that generates an instance of binary classification problem given its vector description. We solve this problem by reducing it to an optimization task and applying genetic search. We use operators of addition and removal of objects and features to handle crossover and mutation operators over classifications datasets for genetic algorithm. We conducted several experiments, the results of which show that our method outperforms baseline methods.


This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the learning approaches and academic motivation of the students studying in the accounting and tax departments of vocational schools. The data obtained by the survey method were analyzed with the help of Spss for Windows 25 program. As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that there is a statistically significant and positive relationship between learning approaches and its sub-dimension, deep learning approach, and academic motivation. However, it was observed that there was no relationship between the other sub-dimension, the surface learning approach, and academic motivation.


Investment decision-making is one of the most important financial decision-making to a company.In practice,owing to various kinds of factors,investment decisions might fail to meet the objective of seeking the biggest gains.From the entrusted agent's point of view,this paper makes a review of the literature about inefficient investment from both home and abroad in terms of three typical agent conflicts: shareholder-manager conflict,shareholder-creditor conflict,and major shareholder-minority shareholder conflict.Furthermore,some future directions of academic study in this field are introduced.


In this article the author publishes the results of his survey of Russian investors' offshore activity made in the form of an interview of businessmen and consultants from offshore business. The analysis of the collected data is carried out.


The Kazakh white-headed breed is a breed of beef cattle from Kazakhstan and Russia. The breed was developed between 1930 and 1950 on state farms in the Kazakh republic and the Lower Volga by crossing Hereford cattle with local Kazakh and Kalmyk stock. The breed resembles the Hereford in colour and conformation while incorporating the hardiness of the local breeds. The article shows the results of a study of blood parameters of Kazakh white-headed breed bulls after vasectomy. For this purpose two groups of 20 similar males of 12-14 months of age. The males of the experimental group underwent vasectomy in the farm «Aislu», by «torzing» the tail of the appendage. At 14-16 months of age blood samples were taken from both groups. Erythrocytes and haemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, β and γ globulin were higher in vasectomized males. Data of leucocytes, calcium, phosphorus, reserve alkalinity, α- globulins were similar. Vasoectomy had little effect on serum lysozyme activity and on neutrophil phagocytic activity and phagocytic index. The bactericidal activity of serum of operated males was higher.