The objective was to describe a mathematical model to estimate cases by COVID-19 in Brazil in the short term and to identify the existence of forces to inhibit the spread of SARS-CoV2. Cases confirmed by COVID-19 in Brazil from March 16 to May 31, 2020 were used to develop a mathematical equation for estimating COVID-19 cases for up to 13 future days. Correction factors were calculated to identify whether there was an inhibition of the spread of infection in the country. The relative error and Pearson's correlation were analyzed to determine the model's performance. Six models were developed (gross, S1, S2, S3, S4 and corrected). The corrected model showed good adherence to the number of estimated and observed cases. Eight correction factors were calculated, which increased during the study period. The increase in correction factors expressed the loss of the inhibition force of interventions implemented in the country for the prevention and control of infection. The proposed mathematical model proved to be viable and feasible for implementation in epidemiological surveillance services.


BACKGROUND: Despite "clinical lore" among health care providers that treatment with hydromorphone results in improved pain control and fewer adverse side effects, morphine continues to be the first-line medication for postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). In this study, we compared the efficacy and side-effect profiles of morphine and hydromorphone at concentrations producing equivalent drug effect measured by pain score and miosis. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial of 50 general and gynecological surgery patients. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either morphine (1 mg/mL) or hydromorphone (0.2 mg/mL) via PCA after surgery and were followed for a period of 8 h. The primary outcome was nausea. Secondary outcome variables were pruritus, vomiting, sedation, pain report, pupillary miosis, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: The side effect profile was not different between drugs. The incidence of nausea did not differ between morphine and hydromorphone-treated patients (1 h: 44% vs 52%, 8 h: 68% vs 64%), vomiting (1 h: 4% vs 0%, 8 h: 0% vs 4%), or pruritus (1 h: 4% vs 16%, 8 h: 40% vs 40%). There was no difference in the amount of medication required to treat side effects or patient satisfaction. The average ratio of morphine to hydromorphone use was about 7:1. The patients used 10.9 ± 6.0 mg morphine versus 1.57 ± 1.0 mg hydromorphone after 1 h and 29.0 ± 18.0 mg morphine versus 3.9 ± 2.5 mg hydromorphone after 8 h. There was no difference between the morphine and hydromorphone groups with respect to postoperative pain scores with movement at 1 h (7.9 ± 2.3 vs 7.1 ± 2.4) or 8 h (5.7 ± 2.8 vs 5.9 ± 2.7). There was also no difference in pain at rest or miosis between groups. CONCLUSIONS: We found no systematic difference between morphine and hydromorphone in opioid-related side effects. Neither was there any difference in efficacy of pain control or patient satisfaction when patients self-titrated to equal drug effect as measured by equianalgesia and pupillary miosis. The choice between morphine and hydromorphone for use in PCA should be guided by patient history, as there may be idiosyncratic reactions to either drug.


Vehicle classification is of great importance to the development of intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, a novel ground vehicle classification approach using unmodulated CW radar is proposed. The radar is set up to look forward down to the road; vehicles are modelled as body targets composed of multiple scattering centers. Analysis shows that the spatial distribution of scattering centers can be derived from the Doppler signature of radar echo. Hough transform is performed to estimate the distribution which is then used for classification. In experiments, vehicles are classified into three types at an average accuracy of 94.8%. (4 pages)


The extraction behavior of some trivalent elements in the Aliquat‐336‐1, 3‐diisopropyl benzenenitric acid system has been investigated. For most of the elements a maximum in the distribution ratio occur at about 2 molar nitric acid. At 0.20 molar Aliquat‐336 lanthanum attained the highest distribution ratio, about 0.05, of all investigated elements. It was found that nitric acid to a large extent influences the distribution ratio of trivalent elements since it competes with metal nitrate complexes for the extractant molecules. A first approach to a model describing the extraction system is derived.


In the pipeline industry, increased awareness of flow inhibiting sediments and deposits, are producing new developments in the field of chemical cleaning. The Pipeline Service Industry recognized the need for an improved method of cleaning oil, gas, and product pipelines; bringing about the development of several environmentally preferable chemical cleaning agents, possessing unique physical properties and service capabilities. These products are specially developed to be nonhazardous and environmentally friendly, both to pipeline workers and to the surrounding environment. The products are formulated using new cleaning chemistry technology to improve the cleaning of oil and gas pipelines. The products are highly concentrated liquid blends of biodegradable surfactant and synthetic solvents, capable of wetting and removing the most tenacious line deposits encountered in oil and gas pipelines. During the early years of oil industry, pipelines were cleaned by using crudely constructed pigging devices. These pigs were most often made on site from available materials, usually consisting nothing more than straw wrapped with barbed wire, rags, or pieces of leather bundled together. Since those early days, the technique of making pigs has come a long way. Companies involved in the design and construction of pigs have perfected their methods of construction, improving themore » performance of their products. Today, it is estimated that there are over 350 different types of pipeline pig designated for use in cleaning oil and gas pipelines. It has been found that the proper application of cleaning products used in conjunction with pipeline pigs, results in the removal of substantial volumes of sediment, not previously possible with the application of pipeline pigs alone.« less


environments which revolutionize systems and controls analysis, design, research, and education. The This paper describes the application of the Model- authors have exploited these technologies to develop ing, Simulation, Animation, and Real-Time Control several system-specific environments for a variety of (MoSART) Flezible Inverted Pendulum Environment systems [l], (31, [4], [5], [61. to the study of rigid link approximations to the flexible invcrted pendulum. The MoSART environment ,-.ontributions of work, ~h~~ paper denionstrates is used to visualize the system dynamics of different how inexpensive state-of-the-art pc may rigid link models and to evaluate the performance of be combined to develop high quality M~SA~T control systems. Controller designs for simpler rigid vironnlents which are useful for enhancing the rependulums o' fewer Hexible modes be applied t' search and education process. Specifically, this paper pendulum models including additional Heaible modes describes a pc/windows 95/98/~~/2000/~~ / viin order to investigate the limitation of controller sual C++/MATLAB, Simulink.based M~SART plezdesign. Additionally, these rigid link models allow ibk Inverted Pendulum E~~~~~~~~~~ comparison to approximation techniques for infinite ment Dermits control svstem researcher and students dimensional system models of flexible inverted pen- to analyae, design, and visualize the performance of dulums. The inverted electromechanical systems under control via real-time Pendulum Envaronnient is a valuable tool for enhanc- faster-than-real.time animation, ing both research and education. Through a user-friendly graphical interface, users


WHOSE FAULT is it? Who should we blame? What can be done? The national newspapers must have rubbed their ink-stained hands with glee when they read the Poverty in Perspective: An Overview of Child Well-being in Rich Countries report from Unicef, which stated rather bleakly that of all the children in the top 21 industrialised nations, the UK's fared the worst [see Letters, p14 and Latest Developments, p12].


Growing interest in the use of contact stages of vortex type is due to their high efficiency. Using vortex and highly turbulent flows allow the reduction of size and amount of workspace of an apparatus due to intensification of heat-mass transfer processes. Latest analysis research in the field of design improvement of contact devices shows that in modern technologies drying and purification of natural gas are increasingly using mass transfer vortex trays with different ways of creating swirling flows (on canvas tray and other elements). Use of vortex contact devices significantly reduces the amount of liquid entrainment, decreases the flow resistance and increases the surface of contact phases. In this work the method of the optimization calculation of heat and mass transfer- separation element (HMTSE) of vortex trays is examined. Criteria of selecting optimal designs of tray elements for gas cleaning are shown. A computer program for calculating the optimal design of the vortex stage gas cleaning is presented. Research object – vortex tray with HMTSE for gas cleaning processes. Research subject – hydrodynamic and technological conditions for the functioning of the vortex tray with HMTSE. To the base of program «Vortex tray» the mathematical model, considering the influence on the size of the HMTSE of technological parameters of the columnar apparatus, is put. . The hydrodynamics influence of the gas flow and physicochemical properties of the liquid on the size of HMTSE is investigated. On the basis of analytical relationships optimization design calculation of vortex tray with HMTSE is held. Results of the graphic dependences, based on computer calculations, which allow the influence of the liquid amount, its velocity, thickness and other characteristics on the size of HMTSE are obtained. Computer simulation results is allowed for designing of the vortex tray with optimal design and determining the range of the effective work in different hydrodynamic regimes without expensive physical experiment. Prospects for further research are: study of separation and heat-mass transfer characteristics of the


This study aims to provide an overview related to the development of public sector accounting research in Indonesia. The method used in this study is charting the field. Samples taken came from 11 journals in Indonesia and obtained 20 articles during 2010-2020. The results of this study indicate that the topic most widely used in public sector accounting research is the topic of agency performance and control systems. The topic of government agencies' performance in the public sector is the most researched topic because the government in Indonesia in managing public financial reports is still a special concern of the public. Meanwhile the least research topic is the topic of the accounting system.


Closeness is often considered synonymous with better quality romantic relationships. However, individual differences exist in the degree of closeness people desire in their relationships. This study examined the implications that discrepancies between actual and ideal closeness have for relationship quality in romantic couples. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 103 cohabiting couples (N = 206) in the United States, who were randomly selected from a nationally representative survey panel. Dyadic analysis using actor–partner interdependence models with latent outcomes revealed that internal discrepancies between actual and idealized closeness were associated with poorer relationship quality for both individuals and their partners. These associations persisted above and beyond the effects of actual closeness and dyad-level differences in actual and ideal closeness. The association between closeness and relationship quality may be more individual than dyadic in nature, warranting renewed attention to the idiographic experience of closeness and its association with relational well-being.


Projection depth is an important concept of non-parametric inference on multivariate data analysis and is the most widely used as statistical depth notion among all the existing depth procedures. This depth procedure was based on Stahel-Donoho multivariate location and scatter estimator and its outlyingness. Further, the adjusted outlyingness concept was used to compute projection depth and namely adjusted projection depth. In both the depth procedures, exact, fixed and random algorithms have been used to compute projection depth values. In this paper, the Gram-Schmidt Orthonormalization (GSO) algorithm is proposed to compute adjusted projection depth in order to improve the accuracy measure. The superiority of the GSO algorithm based adjusted projection depth over the exact, random and fixed algorithms has been demonstrated by applying it in the context of classification analysis by computing average misclassification error rate under real and simulation environments.


Rip currents are the most serious hazard that threatens bather safety on most of the world's surf beaches. Due to unreliable and inconsistent data collection methods, the number of rip drownings in the U.S. and worldwide is not known. However in the U.S., it is estimated that between 100 and 150, mostly inexperienced bathers drown annually in rip currents. Statistics from the United States Lifesaving Association (USLA) and the Florida Beach Patrol Chiefs reports show that approximately 80 percent of all lifeguard rescues and assists are the result of rip currents. Put into perspective, rip currents are responsible for more deaths than floods, hurricanes and tornadoes (Figure 1). Despite efforts from various organizations to educate the public about rip currents, there is little empirical evidence that these efforts are effective and the number of rip drownings is declining. We believe that one of the reasons for this situation is related to the disconnect between rip current research and public education. Beach safety programs are currently being promoted on many of the world's beaches through signage, which require bathers to look for rip currents before entering the water. They recommend looking for a discoloration in the water that takes the form of a ''neck'' near the shore and terminating in a mushroom shaped ''head'' further offshore (Figure 2). ''Excited'' water and flotsam swiftly moving away from the beach are often cited as other ways of visually determining if rip currents are present. Over the past three decades we have observed hundreds of rips and recently filmed rip currents using tracer dye. In reality, rip currents seldom conform to the classic descriptions being promoted in beach safety programs and on warning signs (Figures 3. 4 and 5). Consequently, the attributes being used in


The design of drilling platform of Cao'ejiang bridge under strong tidal bore,high tidal range and large velocity of river water is mainly introduced as well as measures and checking calculation for construction,which provide good references for the construction of similar bridges under same conditions.


The potential for making profits investing in cryptocurrencies, the hedging benefits and the role in global economy, make it relevant to study the determinants of cryptocurrencies and to analyze different returns prediction models. Previous studies have focused one or some cryptocurrencies, this study analyzes the cryptocurrency market as a whole and finds the determinants of the cryptocurrency market and a returns prediction model using a machine learning approach. Evaluating the immediate impact of features, divided in cryptocurrency market data, information demand, financial markets, exchange rates and macroeconomics, it was found that the most important determinants of the cryptocurrency market returns is the cryptocurrency market data. For prediction of the next-day returns, the USD-CNY exchange rate emerged as the most important determinant. Different returns prediction models are evaluated using Lasso, Regression Tress, Random Forest and Boosting. Random Forest presents the best prediction accuracy and can be used to predict the cryptocurrency market returns. (Less)


A fastener assembly and a nut plate assembly and a method for securing a nut plate assembly may include a support for a fastener element wherein the support has a base to be supported and/or fixed on a support surface and the base has another surface against which the fastener element bears. The base also supports a structure for supporting the fastener element where the structure is at least partly non-symmetrical about a plane other than a horizontal plane parallel to the base. One side of the base may be secured to the support surface and the other side of the base may have the fastener element bearing against it when a complementary fastener element is secured to the first fastener element.


It is a common failing of most of us to remember only that which was pleasant, and forget that which was unpleasant. We also tend to think of the past as a "golden age," without taking the time to test that assumption. Critics apparently are no exception to these rules. Dr. Richard Lawson, who did bother to check, is associate professor in the radio‐TV‐film area of the Department of Communication Arts in the University of Wisconsin.


Public relations (PR) is widely recognised as a communicative pillar to support Western corporate, governance and civic expert systems (Halff & Gregory, 2014). However, since it was introduced to China in the early 1980s, there has prevailed confusion in Chinese society about what it is, what it does, and why it is needed. To unveil the 'strategic mask' of public relations and its role in China's multi-layered communication system, this chapter offers a critical account of how PR serves to create the 'persona' of Chinese government that facilitates national building and identity construction. Through drawing on a case study of the 'Chinese Dream', this chapter argues that while the government deploys a set of orchestrated PR strategies and tactics (e.g., propaganda, publicity, social mobilisation) to fulfil various goals, the hard core of PR lies in consolidating the Party's power base and unifying the Chinese nation behind a single ideology. PR turns out to be strategic navigation of, and balancing out the market, state and socio-cultural imperatives to safeguard China's political stability while articulating its aspiration on the global stage.


The articles in this volume discuss the relation between values and ontology, focusing on the significance of ontology for ethics and aesthetics (i.e: themes which due to the raising interest in ontology come to play a central role in contemporary philosophical debate). The contributors address the questions of whether and in which sense values can be considered to be real, whether it is possible to experience them, and in which sense we can speak about their objective validity. These topics - which were also discussed by early phenomenologists like Brentano, Meinong, Ehrenfels, proponents of Gestalt psychology like Kohler, by Husserl, and by French phenomenologists like Merleau-Ponty - are approached by both historical and systematic analysis.


The results of the USNational Lung Screening Trial (NLST) were published in 2011 and are considered a landmark event in lung cancer research (1). This randomized study of 53,454 individuals showed that computed tomography (CT) scans are able to reduce lung cancer mortality by 20 percent through early detection, although with important cost and morbidity due to overdiagnosis and treatment of benign nodules. (2) Several European lung cancer screening trials have also been initiated, with the largest being the NELSON trial in the Netherlands (3) and the plan is to pool data from a number of European trials (4). Clearly, screening tools that are able to identify lung cancers at an early stage have much potential to reduce the enormous burden on lung cancer mortality (5). There are now discussions on how implementation may be put in place across the world, within differing health care systems (6). The success of lung cancer screening will be dependent upon identifying populations at sufficient risk in order to maximize the benefit-to-harm ratio of the intervention. The recommendation from the US Preventive Task Forces is based on the US NLST trial, includes screening all individuals between the ages of 55 and 80 with a smoking history of 30 pack-years or more (one pack-year is 20 cigarettes/day for one year or 10 cigarettes/day for two years, etc.) (7). An in-depth analysis of the NLST showed that there were significant differences in the number of lung cancer cases detected based on underlying risk, even though all participants had satisfied the criteria for participation in the study and were considered at high risk: 60 percent of participants at highest risk for lung-cancer death (quintiles 3 through 5) accounted for 88 percent of the prevented deaths, whereas the 20 percent of participants at lowest risk (quintile 1) accounted for only 1 percent of prevented lung-cancer deaths (8).


Message Queue (MQ) is a middleware between applications and networks, which is developed by IBM recently. It provides a programing interface of simple use, common and consistent application across multi_vender plat-forms. It shields off applications from networking complexities, so application developers can concentrate on pure bussiness logic and don't care about different operating environments. Message Queuing is an indirect style of communication, the transfer of a message between applications is via a queue. It provides assured message delivery and recoverability.


The ozone in the stratosphere protects the earth from harm due to ultraviolet radiation,while the ozone in the troposphere might do harm to human beings. Ozone below certain concentration can sterilize the air and do good to organisms,but high ozone concentration does harm to terrestrial ecosystems. Very high ozone concentrations were firstly found as pollutant in the smog of Los Angeles and its toxic effect upon plants received more attention. The rapid urbanization in China has caused the emission of large amounts of NOxand VOCs( the main precursors to O3formation).Ambient ozone concentration has been the most serious air pollution among many cities in China. In this study,our objectives are: to discern the distribution pattern of ground-level ozone in Beijing; to find whether plants were injured by ambient ozone in Beijing; and to detect the distribution pattern of the damaged plants in this region. We used passive sampler to monitor ozone concentrations at 10 sites in the city and suburb of Beijing from July 1st to August 30 in 2012 and surveyed the foliar ozone symptoms on the basis of the Forest Health Expert Advisory System from August 15 to 19. The results indicated that the ozone concentrations in mountain regions were significantly higher than those in plain regions around Beijing. In the plain region,the ozone concentration in the green belt adjacent to main motorways was lower than that in parks. The mean ozone concentrations in the mountain,the park and the green belt near to main motorway were:105. 39 μg /m3,68.49 μg/m3 and 56. 54 μg /m3. Except for the green belt of motorway,18 species showed typical ozone symptoms both in mountain and in plain regions. These plants are: Parthenocissus quinquefolia,Juglans regia,Ailanthus altissima,Pharbitis purpurea,Morus alba,Ulmus pumila,Sophora japonica,Sophora japonica f. flavi-rameus,Hibiscus syriacus,Kerria japonica,Hyptis suaveolens,Cassia tora,Populus tomentosa,Salix caprea,Sanguisorba sitchensis,Rhus typhina,Glycine max,Helianthus annuus. Ailanthus altissima was native and popular in mountain and plain around Beijing and its ozone symptoms was easy to diagnose. Therefore,Ailanthus altissima might work as bio-indicator of ozone in Beijing.


Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) plates present a viable option for strengthening corroded flanges and/or webs subjected to normal or shear stresses, to help restore their original local buckling strength. Given the large difference in elastic properties for the steel, adhesive, and GFRP, the use of the concept of transformed section is found to grossly overestimate the buckling strength of such system. An accurate prediction for the buckling strength of such systems necessitates the use of Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D FEA) modeling involving significant modelling and computational effort. The present paper is part of a larger study aimed at developing more computationally efficient solutions. Variational principles were formulated for the buckling analysis a single plate, two plates, and three-plates bonded through thin adhesive layer(s). Given (a) the complexity of the resulting expressions, and (b) the simplifying kinematics postulated in the formulation, it is desirable to devise a technique to assess the validity of the variational expressions obtained. Within this context, the present study develops a methodology to assess the validity of the variational expressions for the case of two-plate systems. A 3D FEA model was developed under Abaqus and the buckling stresses and associated mode shapes were determined. Through regression analysis, the observed mode shapes were successfully replicated by approximate functions. The approximate functions were then used in conjunction with the variational expression to predict the critical pressure combinations. The proximity of the critical pressure combinations predicted by the 3D FEA model and that based on the present solution suggest the validity of the assumptions made and the correctness of the variational principle.


PURPOSE: A virtualization based network separation system and a method are provided to reduce risk such as an intended information leakage by an insider or hacking by enabling network separation with only a minimum of change. CONSTITUTION: A virtualization based network separation system comprises a client terminal (210), an internal network (228), and an external network (232). The client terminal distinguishes a process attempting network connection by generating virtual environment logically separated from an actual operation system and by confirming the attempt at the network connection of the process when a predetermined process is performed. The client terminal routes the distinguished process with a selection control signal according to the process performed in the actual operation system or the generated virtual environment. The terminal is controlled in order to be connected to predetermined network interface through TCP/IP and determines the network connection according to a network type of an IP address allocated to the process. [Reference numerals] (212) Operation management unit; (214) Virtual environment; (216) Actual environment; (218) Control unit; (220) NIC selector; (222) TCP/IP; (224) Virtual NIC; (226) Physical NIC; (228) Internal network; (230) VPN server; (232) External network; (AA) Client terminal; (BB) Virtual process; (CC) Actual process; (DD) Client terminals


Study Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact of individual dimensions of delegation on primary teachers' job satisfaction in Universal Primary Education sector in Eastern Uganda. Research Design/Methodology: A cross sectional research design was used. The study was carried on primary school teachers in schools in Eastern Uganda. A total of 247 survey questionnaires were distributed with the help of research assistants. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. Results: The findings of the study indicated that save for Decision making, delegation dimensions of: Autonomy, Authority, Responsibility, predicted job satisfaction.Research limitations/implications: The focus of the study was teachers working at Universal Primary schools in Eastern Uganda only. Study was cross sectional; therefore, future studies should consider investigation job satisfaction of Universal Primary school teachers from a longitudinal angle since respondents' views vary over time. Also, this study considered some schools in Eastern Uganda which puts the issue of generalizability into question.Practical implications: Considering the importance of Universal Primary education sector in Uganda, the education managers, policy makers and academic administrators should take necessary measures for the optimal delegation of authority, autonomy, and responsibility if they are realize satisfied teachers on their jobs. Originality/value: The study contributes to literature by examining how individual dimensions of delegations influence job satisfaction in Uganda's primary Universal school sector which of late is still limited as evidenced from reviewed literature.


Grid point pooling is a commonly used method to account for hurricane track variability in extreme value analysis. This paper presents a simplified mathematical interpretation of grid point pooling. Through logical arguments and numerical experiments, some general guidelines are then developed for a selection of grid points to include in the statistical pool.


Free-text keystroke dynamics is a behavioral biometric that has the strong potential to offer unobtrusive and continuous user authentication. Such behavioral biometrics are important as they may serve as an additional layer of protection over other one-stop authentication methods such as the user ID and passwords. Unfortunately, evaluation and comparison of keystroke dynamics algorithms are still lacking due to the absence of large, shared free-text datasets. In this research, we present a novel keystroke dynamics algorithm, based on kernel density estimation (KDE), and contrast it with two other state-of-the-art algorithms, namely Gunetti & Picardi's and Buffalo's SVM algorithms, using three published datasets, as well as our own new, unconstrained dataset that is an order of magnitude larger than the previous ones. We modify the algorithms when necessary such that they have comparable settings, including profile and test sample sizes. Both Gunetti & Picardi's and our own KDE algorithms have performed much better than Buffalo's SVM algorithm. Although much simpler, the newly developed KDE algorithm is shown to perform similarly as Gunetti & Picardi's algorithm on the three constrained datasets, but the best on our new unconstrained dataset. All three algorithms perform significantly better on the three prior datasets, which are constrained in one way or another, than our new dataset, which is truly unconstrained. This highlights the importance of our unconstrained dataset in representing the real-world scenarios for keystroke dynamics. Lastly, the new KDE algorithm degrades the least in performance on our new dataset.


The role of angiotensin as a vasoconstrictor is well established. Lately, several other actions of this hormone on vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells have been recognized including the induction of hypertrophy and/or DNA synthesis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a mitogen recently shown to increase plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) synthesis in VSM cells, shares with angiotensin II (Ang II) several steps of its intracellular signaling pathway. Methods and ResultsThe expression of PAI-1 and tissuetype plasminogen activator (TPA) mRNA in cultured rat VSM cells was studied. Northern blot analysis demonstrated a severalfold increase in the PAI-1 mRNA 3 to 8 hours after stimulation with 300 nmol/L Ang II. A similar response for TPA mRNA was observed. This induction did not require the synthesis of an intermediate protein or peptide because it was not affected by cycloheximide. In the cell-conditioned supernatant, the net result was an increase in PAI-1 activity from 4.18±1.8 to 13.2±6.8 IU/mL 6 hours after the addition of 300 nmol/L Ang II (mean±SD, P≤.008, n=6). The Ang II-induced increase in PAI activity was dose related, with a maximal effect at a concentration of 23 nmol/L (n=3) and an ED50 of 3.3±1.5 nmol/L (n=3). [Sar1-Ile8]angiotensin II, a specific competitive antagonist of Ang II, blocked 90±9% (n=3) of the PAI activity induced by 10 nmol/L Ang II. In basal conditions, fibrin overlay zymography demonstrated the presence of free TPA. After stimulation with Ang II, lysis caused by the in situ dissociation of TPA was also present in the region of the TPA/PAI-1 complex. Angiotensin I (Ang I) elicited an increase in PAI activity similar to that obtained with equivalent doses of Ang II. Captopril (5 μg/mL), an inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), completely prevented the Ang I effect, demonstrating that VSM cells display an ACE-like activity. ConclusionsRecent research has demonstrated the existence of a localized vascular renin-angiotensin system. The finding that Ang II can potentially modulate the plasminogen activation in the arterial wall has important biological and therapeutical implications for the evolution of arterial wall thrombi and the migration of cells through the vessel wall in the genesis of atherosclerotic lesions. We speculate that the reduction in thrombotic events observed in patients with a previous myocardial infarction and in high-renin, hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors could be due at least in part to the decreased production of PAI-1 by VSM cells caused by these agents.


Optical properties of L10 FePt nanoparticles dispersed in a C matrix have been studied by using an approach combining spectroscopic ellipsometry and intensity transmission. Dielectric functions of FePt nanoparticles over a wavelength range of 380–1700 nm have been determined based on the Bruggeman effective medium approximation theory. Via analysis using the Drude–Lorentz model, the extracted optical properties provide electronic information of FePt nanoparticles. As compared with the thin film composed of larger grains, decrease of free electron absorption is observed in FePt nanoparticles, and this absorption decrease causes dielectric suppression in the near-IR photon energy range. And it can be due to the increased surface scattering and reduced unscreened plasma frequency in nanoparticles. On the other hand, two interband electronic transitions located at 0.7 and 1.0 eV are derived, which are in good agreement with the reported density of states of L10 FePt. In the present work, they show only a small dependence on FePt particle size. Such a study of optical properties of FePt nanoparticles is important for technological applications and fundamental physics.


Background: Skin prick test (SPT) is indicated in type I hypersensitivity reactions (rapid type), among which is Atopic Dermatitis (AD). However, the results of SPT for the tested allergens are not always accompanied by history of known allergens in AD patients. Purpose: To identify the characteristics of AD patients who underwent SPT. Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study to determine the demographics, allergy history, SPT results, and positive and negative clinical relevance in AD patients treated at Allergy Immunology Division of Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya-Indonesia from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: A total of 284 AD patients were included. The adult age group (20-59 years) predominated the AD patient's visit every year with 58 patients (60.42%), 47 patients (46.08%), and 65 patients (75.58%) in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Only 60 AD patients underwent SPT, where most patients were allergic to dust with 30 patients (50.0%). House dust mite (HDM) allergen had the highest percentage of positive SPT result with 41 patients (63.3%). The greatest clinical relevance was found in cat fur allergen, where all patients (100.0%) had clinical relevance to their SPT result. Conclusion: This study shows that most AD patients were in adult age group and had a history of dust allergy. The highest percentage of positive SPT result was found in HDM allergen and the greatest clinical relevance was found in cat fur allergen.


Abstract IN THE quest of satisfactory fertility in the artificial insemination of fowl there still remain unknown factors in the physiology, biochemistry and morphology of spermatozoon and ovum. It has been reported that the increment of dilution rates of the semen causes a marked decrease in fertilizing capacity (Shibata et al., 1938; Gilbreath and Davis, 1949; Weakley and Shaffner, 1952; Wilcox, 1958). The effect of the storage temperature on the fertilizing ability of the spermatozoa was reported by many workers. Shaffner et al. (1941) first reported that the most favorable temperature for the purpose of maintaining sperm life was 0–1 °C. In fertility tests, Garren and Shaffner (1952), Hunsaker et al. (1956), Schindler et al. (1955) and Carter et al. (1957) reported that storage at 10–15°C. gave better fertility than that at the lower temperature. Allen and Grigg (1957) inseminated dead sperm labeled with P32 into the uterus, and …


For stream ciphers which use binary linear feedback shift registers as stream generators, fast correlation attack is one of the most important attacks. Aiming at the shortcomings of serial algorithm, the proposed technique is based on parallel computing. This kind of attack divides the initial state into several parts, uses multiprocessor to recover all parts of the initial state synchronously. Comparing with previous results, this kind of attack shows low complexity and high attack efficiency.


This chapter focuses on model-based inquiry in computer-supported environments, especially through the use of the Go-Lab platform (www.golabz.eu). Go-Lab is an online learning platform that offers students the opportunity to engage in inquiry-based science learning, in a structured and supportive manner, by providing environments for learning (i.e., Inquiry Learning Spaces), where virtual or remote laboratories and software scaffolds (e.g., tools for generating hypotheses and designing experiments) that support inquiry learning processes have been integrated. The purpose of this chapter is to unravel how the Go-Lab platform, especially some of its virtual laboratories, can be used for model-based learning. In so doing, we discuss core requirements for model-based inquiry in expressing, testing, and revising models. Further, we present three examples of Go-Lab virtual laboratories, with modeling and simulation affordances, to explain how they could be used by educators as means for enacting model-based inquiry.


A fault detection model based on One-Class Support Vector Machine was established to solve the large difference in sample size between the normal data and fault data of refrigerated containers. During the model training process, only the normal samples were needed to be learned, and an accurate identification of abnormal was achieved, which may solve the problem of lack of fault samples in practice. By comparison experiments between different kernel functions and kernel parameter optimization, a fault detection model of refrigerated containers based on One-Class Support Vector Machine was established, and the test results show that the model has a high recognition rate against abnormal of 97.4% and zero false alarm rate.


It establishes finite element model of the mountain bike frame in Hypermesh,and analyzes Von Mises stress and displacement of the frame in testing conditions. It calculates the sensitivity of the max displacement and puts forward the method of light weighting,which refers the components elastic modulus and thickness with the large relative sensitivity as design variables. Based on appropriate rigidity and strength,according to the demand of high stiffness,small mass,it accomplishes parameters optimization. According to the optimized parameters,it applying the same load and constraints in the radioss,optimized result is better than the former. Using this methods for the structure optimization problem of multiple parameters,will reduce the blindness of design and the design cost,speed up the design and development of new products.


Experiment of botanical agents against rubber Tapping Panel Dryness(TPD) was carried out during 2003 to 2004.The results indicated that all tested agents like MO,MA and MM had effect on TPD.Furthermore,it`s found that the percentage of effectivess per tree averaged 90 with cured rate of 92.6,87.6 and 66.9 respectively under Mo in 5oo,1 000 or 1 500 times dilute treatment.


Bryophytes are a poorly studied group of land plants that have been used in traditional medicine as a multipurpose remedy for centuries. Due to their peculiar morphology and physiology, bryophytes synthesise a multitude of secondary metabolites with a wide range of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical activities. Research has highlighted that secondary metabolites in bryophytes can also act as antitumour agents. Several studies have shown that bryophyte extracts and pure metabolites are cytotoxic against many cancer cell lines. Interestingly, some of these molecules and their derivatives are capable of acting on a specific target in cancer cells. Some macrocyclic(bis)bibenzyls from bryophytes can inhibit P-glycoprotein, reverting multidrug resistant cancer cell phenotypes, induce depolymerization of tubulin, stimulate apoptotic pathways, and inhibit angiogenesis. This brief review aims to collect recent knowledge on secondary metabolites of bryophytes and their derivatives, which have demonstrated an interaction with different molecular processes in cancer cells.


Spatial Database is the core of GIS; it is a very important pr ob lem as to how to use Object-Oriented methods in the analysis, design and realiz ation of Spatial Database, to realize the natural transfer from the question dom ain to design domain in the software life. UML is a powerful and standard Langua ge of OO Modeling.On the basis of living examples, this thesis discusses how to apply the UML to develop the Relational Spatial Database of GIS, and resolve the transforming from OO Model to Data Model and Relation of Spatial Data in GIS wi th UML. On this basis, through the desi gn of the system object, we constantly consummate the structure and the function design of the database and obtain sound results.


Identity-based signcryption which guarantees the confidentiality and authentication of message is suitable for the key management of Ad Hoc network due to its low computation cost. Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing identity-based signcryption algorithms, this paper proposes an efficient grid-based identity signcryption algorithm which adopts a low overhand, high expandability and high connectivity grid as the logical structure. By using this signcryption algorithm in the key management scheme of Ad Hoc network, the communication and computation cost of key management is reduced and the safety and efficiency of the key management scheme is enhanced. The analyses show that the Ad Hoc network has a good ability of resistance to the attack when the new signcryption algorithm is used in key management.


English idioms stem from the native culture. This paper summarizes the motivations of English idiomatic formations and suggests that only in studying culture can the second language learners master a language absolutely.


Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Abstract: Asian hair is known for its straightness, dark pigmentation, and large diameter. The cuticle layer in Asians is thicker with more compact cuticle cells than that in Caucasians. Asian hair generally exhibits the strongest mechanical properties, and its cross-sectional area is determined greatly by genetic variations, particularly from the ectodysplasin A receptor gene. However, knowledge on Asian hair remains unclear with limited studies. This article aimed to review and summarize the characteristics and properties of Asian hair. It also aimed to discuss hair disorders including linear lupus panniculitis and pseudocyst of the scalp that occur distinctively in Asian populations.


Background. The spread of highly resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the departments of purulent orthopedics determines the need for constant monitoring of the sensitivity of bacteria to antibacterial drugs.
Aim. To monitor the resistance of K. pneumoniae bacteria isolated from patients with chronic osteomyelitis to antibacterial drugs.
Material and methods. The resistance profiles of 663 clinical strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from wounds and fistulas of 294 patients with chronic osteomyelitis who were treated in the purulent department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after G.A. Ilizarov in the period 20162021 to eight drugs: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, piperacillin + tazobactam were analyzed. The analysis of the results was statistically processed using the software AtteStat, version 13.0. Data are presented as a percentage (%) of the total number of strains isolated during the study period.
Results. K. pneumoniae strains showed the greatest resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics and inhibitor-protected penicillins. The number of strains resistant to aminoglycosides decreased from 2016 to 2021. Imipenem had the highest activity against Klebsiella, the proportion of resistant strains did not exceed 48% over 6 years. Meropenem was active against Klebsiella over a 3-year period from 20162018 (the proportion of resistant isolates did not exceed 28.5%). Starting from 2019, the number of resistant strains increased, in 2021 their number was 63.9%. Among all the isolated strains of K. pneumoniae, the largest share fell on polydrug-resistant strains (89.6%).
Conclusion. The monitoring of the resistance of K. pneumoniae strains to eight antibacterial drugs revealed a high incidence of multidrug-resistant strains, low efficacy of cephalosporin antibiotics and inhibitor-protected -lactam drugs, and an increase in resistance to carbapenems.


In this research article the effect of variable viscosity on the temporal development of small disturbances in a pressure-driven fluid flow through a channel saturated with porous medium is investigated. The approximate analytical solution of the second order boundary value problem for the dimensionless velocity is derived by using the Homotopy analysis method. This method can be easily extended to solve the non-liner initial and boundary value problems in physical, chemical in engineering and sciences.


Discuses the abolition of tolerated trespassers and their relationship to secure tenancies in the law of residential landlord and tenant. Analysis of the decisions in Austin v Southwark LBC [2010] UKSC 28 (SC) and Thompson v. Elmbridge BC [1987] 1 W.L.R. 1425 (CA (Civ Div)).


The category and growth status could be revealed of plant after feature analysis for plant leaf, which is significant to plant research and production guidance for agriculture and forestry. Traditional methods of feature extraction are almost conducted by hand and have low efficiency. Image processing technology may be used as an effective tool to extract leaf feature automatically. In this paper a review is conducted of research on plant leaf feature extraction based on image processing and some advice is presented.


Richard Rl~odes's book is the first survey for young audiences to tacltle, in an engaging fashion, t l~e vast and comnplex story of Canadian art lustory. Not only should it be celebrated for its 1nuc11 needed contribution to national arts education, but the dynamic and co lo~uh~l design captures in bold ways t l ~ e excitement of creative expression and sends the message that Canadian art is a n y t l ~ ~ g but boring. The layout of double-page spreads offers a playful display of reproductions accompanied by short texts that direct t l~e reader's exploration of the worlts. Reflecting the beauty, riclu~ess, and diversity of artistic expression across the nation, it offers a pictorial survey that worlts as much as a picture book for young cl~ildren as it does as a written departure point for further researcl~ by the teenage audience the autl~or intended. In fact, the title A Firsf Boolc suggests a veritable primer written in very basic language, wlule the actual text is more soplusticated and introduces co~~cepts and ideas in an accessible manner, to challenge and inspire the target audience.


Japanese Language considered as an HC (high context) language. It means that the context of communication is essential in socio-cultural discourses regarding Japanese language use. Nishijima (2007) stated that communicative behaviors are different in every language because of its'socio-cultural background. Japanese is a language that often considers other people's feeling, especially interlocutor's. This paper aims to analyze and explain how Japanese native speaker and Indonesian Japanese learners giving an explanation or reason ina refusal situation. The data in this study collected through DiscourseCompletion Test (DCT), consisting a single role-play situation which participant will read to elicit the response from another participant. The participants in this study including 16 Japanese Native Speakers (JNS) and 20 Indonesian Japanese Learners (IJL). The results of this study suggested that both JNS and IJL tend to explain their reason in a refusal situation based on the socio-cultural background in their language. JNS tend to make an excuse for the things that they can not do and ask if it may make their interlocutor in trouble because of their incapability. On the other hand, Indonesian tend to make an excuse because they feel they are incapable of doing the request.


Jiang Zemin's national ideas is an organic component of the national theories of the Communist Party of China.It contains the basic requirements and a profound connotations of the scientific concept of development,and embodies the basic methods to develop scientifically.It has also been proved that the scientific concept of development is the inheritance and creation of the "Three Represents".In the new era of the Communist Party of China,Jiang Zemin's national ideas can be adopted,ideologically,for the Communist Party of China to recognize and deal with the national problems,practise the scientific concept of development,and build a socialist harmonious society.


Preface. Introduction. Part One: Taking Hitchcock Seriously [Section Intro and Bibliography]. 1. Hitch and His Public: Jean Douchet. 2. Hitchcock's Imagery and Art: Maurice Yacowar. 3. Retrospective: Robin Wood. 4. Hitch as Matrix Figure: Hitchcock and Twentieth Century Cinema: John Orr. Part Two: Hitchcock in Britain [Section Intro and Bibliography]. 5. Hitchcock's The Lodger: Lesley Brill. 6. Criticism and/as History: Leland Poague. 7. Alfred Hitchcock's Murder : Theater, Authorship, and the Presence of the Camera: William Rothman. 8. Consolidation of a Classical Style: The Man Who Knew Too Much: Elizabeth Weis. 9. Through a Woman's Eyes: Sexuality and Memory in The 39 Steps: Charles L. P. Silet. 10. Rematerializing the Vanishing "Lady": Feminism, Hitchcock, and Interpretation: Patrice Petro. Part Three: Hitchcock in Hollywood [Section Intro and Bibliography]. 11. All in the Family: Alfred Hitchcock's Shadow of a Doubt: James McLaughlin. 12. The Moral Universe of Hitchcock's Spellbound: Thomas Hyde. 13. Notorious : Perversion par Excellence: Richard Abel. 14. Strangers on a Train: Robin Wood. Part Four: The Later Films [Section Intro and Bibliography]. 15. Hitchcock's Rear Window : Reflexivity and the Critique of Voyeurism: Robert Stam and Roberta Pearson. 16. Finding the Right Man in The Wrong Man: Marshall Deutelbaum. 17. Male Desire, Male Anxiety: The Essential Hitchcock: Robin Wood. 18. A Closer Look at Scopophilia: Mulvey, Hitchcock and Vertigo: Marian Keane. 19. North by Northwest: Stanley Cavell. 20. "Oh, I See ...": The Birds and the Culmination of Hitchcock's Romantic Vision: John P. McCombes. 21. Mark's Marnie: Michael Piso. 22. Queer Marnie: Lucretia Knapp. 23. Rituals of Defilement: Frenzy: Tania Modleski. Part Five: Hitchcock and Film Theory : A Psycho Dossier. 24. Psychosis, Neurosis, Perversion: Raymond Bellour. 25. On Being Norman: Performance and Inner Life in Hitchcock's Psycho: Deborah Thomas. 26. Psycho's Allegory of Seeing: Christopher Morris


Immunoassays of the 1st and 2nd levels were investigated in patients with acute radiation disease 12-36 mos. after irradiation. A decrease in the level of helper/inducer T-lymphocytes, a tendency to a decrease in the number of suppressors and an increase in the number of theophylline-stimulated T-cells in patients with acute radiation disease of the 3rd degree were observed. Control of the immune status of this group of patients is recommended.


As a kind of tools and languages of science, Mathematics provides exact thinking mode for human being, which is lever promoting the production and affecting the people's material life style and a strong weapon of the revolution in ideology, as well as the cultural hormone promoting the development of art. The value of mathematical education is the conformity of scientific ,practical and cultural value.


Four enzyme preparations(E1,E2,OT,Xylanase) were evaluated by animal feeding trial using wheat-type diets for growing pigs.Using a single factor design,112 heads of crossbred(Landrace×Yorkshire) piglets about 19.34 kg were selected and divided into 7 treatments(4 duplicates per treatment and each duplicates had 4 piglets with the male/female=1∶1) randomly,to investigate the effect of different enzymes on performance of growing pigs.The duration of feed trial was 8 weeks,and divided into three phases(week 0 to 2;2 to 4;4 to 8 respectively).The diets were as follows:corn-based diet,wheat-based diet,wheat-based diet with E1,E2,OT and xylanase separately,lower-energy wheat-based diet with OT enzyme.Furthermore,another 6 heads of crossbred(Landrace×Yorkshire) barrows about 20 kg fitted with a simple "T" cannula at the terminal ileum were selected and conducted in a 6×6 Latin Square design to assay the apparent feces digestibility and ileal digestibility using AIA.The results indicated that adding enzymes can improve the ADG compared with wheat-based diet,and have the tendacy to improve the ADG during the week 2 to 4(P=0.10).There is no significant effect on the ADG of E1 treatment in whole trail(P0.05).Other enzymes can increase the ADG significantly(P0.05) and OT treatment(P0.01) had higher ADG than the control treatment.Adding enzymes to wheat-based diet can significantly decrease the F/G in whole trail(P0.05),and significantly decrease the diarrhea ratio from 4 to 8 weeks and the whole trial(P0.05).E2,OT,Xylanase treatment get to positively significant level(P0.01).Compared with wheat-based diet,enzymes had no significant effect on apparent feces digestibility of CP and energy for growing pigs(P0.05).Enzymes supplementation had the tendacy to improve the apparent ideal digestibility of energy(P=0.10).E2,OT,Xylanase can significant improve the apparent ileal digestibility of CP(P0.05),but there was no significant effect by adding E1(P0.05).


This paper addresses the Generalized Covariance Intersection (GCI) fusion method for labeled random finite sets. We propose a joint label space for the support of fused labeled random finite sets to represent the label association between different agents, avoiding the label consistency condition for the label-wise GCI fusion algorithm. Specifically, we devise the joint label space by the direct product of all label spaces for each agent. Then we apply the GCI fusion method to obtain the joint labeled multi-target density. The joint labeled RFS is then marginalized into a general labeled RFS, providing that each target is represented by a single Bernoulli component with a unique label. The joint labeled GCI (JL-GCI) for fusing LMB RFSs from different agents is demonstrated. We also propose the simplified JL-GCI method given the assumption that targets are well-separated in the scenario. The simulation result presents the effectiveness of label inconsistency and excellent performance in challenging tracking scenarios.


An ultra low phase noise 89-GHz frequency source module based on MMIC technology is developed. This source module consists of a 5.5625-GHz fundamental-mode dielectric resonator oscillator and a diode doubler using GaAs-based HBT MMIC technology, a 11--to-22 GHz doubler, a 22-to-88 GHz quadrupler, and W-based output amplifiers fabricated using GaAs HEMT MMIC technology. The module is packaged in a miniature and hermetically sealed housing, and has good phase noise performance due to the low 1/f noise of the GaAs-based HBT devices and the high-Q off-chip dielectric resonator. At 89 GHz, the measured phase noise results are - 112 and -125 dBc/Hz and 1-kHz and 1-MHz offset, respectively. These results represent state-of-the-art performance for the MMIC based W-band source module.


Bottom-gate oxide thin-film-transistors (TFTs) with improved electrical stability were fabricated with Al doped ZnO (AZO) channel layers grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at a relatively low temperature. The ALD growth at 110°C and the addition of 1-5 atom % Al dopant provided the thin films with reliable semiconducting characteristics, and the TFT devices fabricated with the 1 and 3 atom % AZO films showed a good field effect mobility and on-off current ratio. The transfer curves for the AZO channel TFTs exhibited improved hysteresis loop and positive gate bias stress results compared to those for the pure ZnO TFTs. The improved electrical stability was attributed to the coarsening of the crystal size and the preferred orientation along the nonpolar direction afforded by the addition of Al.


The 2014 edition of the young geomorphologists' Days (the 2014 JJG), held by GFG (Groupe Francais de Geomorphologie / French Group of Geomorphology) was held in Caen on 31 January and 1 February 2014. This event was organized by the LETG Geophen Caen (UMR CNRS 6554) laboratory and the University of Caen Basse-Normandie. These Days were an opportunity for 14 geomorphologists doctorate students (11 communications and 3 posters) to present their works in four thematic sessions: fluvial geomorpho...


The study describes development and subsequent validation of a stability indicating reverse-phase high- performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous estimation of salbutamol sulphate and theophylline in tablet dosage forms. A reversed-phase phenomenax C-18 column (250 mm × 8 mm i.d., particle size 10 μm) column with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer 65:35 (v/v) (pH 4.2 ± 0.02, adjusted with triethylamine) was used. The flow rate was 1.2 mL min -1 and effluents were monitored at 235 nm. The retention times (t R ) of salbutamol sulphate and theophylline were found to be 5.33 min and 13.36 min, respectively. The method was validated in terms of linearity, range, specificity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ). The linearity for both the drugs was found in the range of 2-64 μg mL -1 . The % recoveries of salbutamol sulphate and theophylline were found to be 99.41 and 101.11, respectively. The utility of the procedure is verified by its application to marketed formulations that were subjected to accelerated degradation studies. The method distinctly separated the drug and degradation products even in actual samples. The products formed in marketed tablet dosage forms are similar to those formed during stress studies.


Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are receiving increased attention from the research community due to the large number and wide range of their current and potential applications. The attractiveness of nanoceria for these various applications is rooted in their unique chemical properties, most prominent of which is their ability to alternate between the Ce and Ce oxidation states. While many analytical techniques and methods have been used to characterize the amounts of Ce and Ce present (Ce/Ce ratio) within nanoceria materials, very few studies have utilized multiple complementary analytical tools (orthogonal analysis) with technique-independent oxidation state controls for quantitative determinations of the Ce/Ce ratio. Use of technique-independent control samples should improve the comparison of oxidation state measurements across a wide range of analytical techniques. Here, we utilize electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to orthogonally characterize the oxidation states of a suite of commercially available nanoceria materials using technique-independent Ce and Ce controls. Similarities and differences between analytical results are discussed in the context of the products analyzed.


Postlarvae of Ihe Genus Penaeus were collected once a month from November/94 to April/95 at Cocoroca beach in the Gulf of Nicoya. Costa Rica. They were idemified morphologically. and those of P. occidentalis were studied. It wa." revealed tha! the postlarvae: of P. occidentalis occupied 65.6 % of the total individual s collected, and 24.1 · 94.9% of the monthly composition. and their distribution density varied from 0.7·5.8 individuals/m2. The carapace length(CL) of lhe posllarvae of P. occidentalis ranged from 1.55 10 9.58 mm, which suggested a migratory siz.e of them. The frequency of the CL showed a skewed distribution, which suggested a migratory pattem of lhe postlarvae of tha! species. 1ne relative growths of the 6th abdominal somite and the carpus of the third pereopod of the postlarvae of P. occidentalis were a1so examined against the CL.


High energy UV radiations are harmful for polymeric materials such as Encapsulant & Backsheet used in the manufacture of PV modules. To protect the PV modules against UV degradation, EVA Encapsulant is added with additive, which cuts off the harmful wavelength present in the sunlight. The PV industry is gradually moving towards Lower UV cut-off wavelengths for the front side of EVA Encapsulant in order to harness the UV radiation up to 300nm, as against 360nm conventionally. The present study was performed to validate (i). The effect of lowering the UV cut off wavelength on the optical & mechanical properties of EVA Encapsulant. (ii). The effect of lowering the UV cut off wavelength on the performance & durability of PV modules. The cured EVA sheet of 360 nm, 300 nm & 234 nm UV cut-off wavelengths were exposed to UV radiation of 340 nm wavelength up to 1500 hrs. The performance of the EVA sheets were analyzed by measuring optical transmittance, yellowness index & tensile strength. It was found that there is no effect of lower UV cut-off wavelength on optical & mechanical properties of EVA Encapsulant. The solar PV modules were made using 360 nm, 300 nm & 234 nm UV cut-off wavelengths EVA encapsulants on the front side of the module and 360 nm on the back side. Each modules with these EVA Encapsulant were exposed to UV radiation of 280nm -385 nm wavelengths for 2000 hrs. It was found that up to 1500 hrs of exposer, the power loss in all there type modules were comparable. However, the power loss after 2000 hrs was higher in case of lower UV cut-off wavelengths Encapsulants. The UV cut-off wavelength of 360 nm for the front side of EVA is recommended to exhibit better reliability.


Purpose
Drawing on Suchman's conception of cognitive legitimacy and Boswell's account of the political functions of expert knowledge, this paper aims to study the due process followed by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) prior to the publication of the first version of the International Integrated Reporting Framework (IIRF). Specifically, the author analyses the lobbying strategies used in the comment letters sent by a subset of lobbyists, "the experts", represented by accounting bodies and firms, regulators and academics.

Design/methodology/approach
From both a form- and meaning-oriented analysis, this paper focuses on how the experts resorted to the functions of knowledge when they took part in the IIRF's public consultation. The author first carries out a quantitative content analysis of the responses to the 2013 Consultation Draft submitted by those constituents considered as accounting expert lobbyists. Then, the author analyse how these actors framed their comments under expert knowledge to legitimise the IIRC, the IIRF and the accounting profession itself.

Findings
The findings suggest that the expert groups welcomed the opportunity, not simply to legitimise the IIRC through their democratic support, but to provide a technocratic settlement that ensures the due process is based on the mobilisation of expert knowledge as a legitimate source. By drawing on the cognitive legitimacy of expert lobbyists, the IIRC drew on the political functions of expert knowledge to reduce uncertainty and gain stability.

Practical implications
Analysis of the lobbying strategies used by the accounting experts whose position could make a difference and receive more attention from the IIRC makes this contribution of particular interest, especially since the first version of the IIRF sought to guide disclosure and sustainable business practices around the world.

Social implications
Experts as political actors play a legitimising role since they are capable of producing relevant knowledge that, due to its nature and scope, certainly affects policymaking and sustainable development.

Originality/value
This research provides a sociopolitical perspective to comprehend how some lobbying strategies, in this case, of expert actors, contribute to legitimising a standard-setter body and its endeavours in the context of voluntary standards.


The introduction of drones in urban areas for surveillance, parcel delivery services, air taxis, or other services have raised the issue of public acceptability. How can this concept known as Urban Air Mobility (UAM) be successfully introduced in an area without upsetting communities?
 And how can not yet known benefits of these services be compared to feared drawbacks? Noise impact is already considered to be one of the main concerns for successful introduction of UAM, but focusing on noise levels exclusively may not be enough. Based on recent research on noise annoyance
 and how it affects individuals and communities, a holistic approach, including noise impact, as well as non-acoustical factors, is presented to address the annoyance towards these disruptive air vehicles. Subjective measures should be considered including demographic factors, as well as perceptional
 factors, such as the visual environment where these vehicles operate, and emotional factors such as attitude towards drones and air taxis. Using this approach, studies on noise impact of UAM will be able to evaluate the use cases in their intended setting and with the appropriate target communities
 to assess the true impact and define the real challenges to overcome for noise research in the coming decade.


ABSTRACT In May 2020, we surveyed 3,291 students enrolled in accredited social work programs in the United States about experiences during the pandemic. More than half reported learning less during online delivery (61%) compared to in-person instruction. About 3 in 10 reported disruptions to their financial security (29%) and experiencing mental health concerns (35%). In regression models, students dissatisfied with communication from their university and instructors had higher odds of experiencing each of these three outcomes. Qualitative data reinforced findings that the financial, social, and mental health consequences of the current pandemic have greatly challenged students, and also highlighted areas of strength and resilience. Implications for university administrators and social work program faculty, staff, and students are discussed.


Abstract In surgical removal of a submandibular gland, trans-cervical approach has esthetic problem and existing trans-oral approaches are extensively invasive. The authors have used trans-oral robotic surgery to remove the submandibular gland with preservation of the sublingual gland and the Wharton's duct, and hereby report the case and discuss our preliminary experiences.


Recent field work in the province of Tarragona (NE Spain, Catalonia) yielded several new records of non-native vascular plants. Cenchrus orientalis, Manihot grahamii, Melica chilensis and Panicum capillare subsp. hillmanii are probably reported for the first time from Spain, while Aloe ferox, Canna ×generalis, Cenchrus setaceus, Convolvulus farinosus, Ficus rubiginosa, Jarava plumosa, Koelreuteria paniculata, Lycianthes rantonnetii, Nassella tenuissima, Paraserianthes lophantha, Plumbago auriculata, Podranea ricasoliana, Proboscidea louisianica, Sedum palmeri, Solanum bonariense, Tipuana tipu, Tradescantia pallida and Vitis ×ruggerii are reported for the first time from the province of Tarragona. Several of these are potential or genuine invasive species and/or agricultural weeds. Miscellaneous additional records are presented for some further alien taxa with only few earlier records in the study area.


The purpose of this study was to explore teachers' perceptions of the key supports principals provided that contributed to the development of high-functioning professional learning communities (PLCs). This study used a qualitative case study approach to learn from three schools in one mid-city district. Findings revealed three specific supports provided by school leaders: (1) the communication of clear expectations for PLC work; (2) the provision of school-based professional learning; and (3) a school culture focused on learning and collaboration. Implications for practice at the district and school level, for policy, and for further research are considered


Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often associated with hyperglycemic emergencies due to diet noncompliance, drug default, or rarely as initial presentation. Often hyperosmolar nonketotic hyperglycemia (HONK) occurs typically in elderly T2DMpatientwith severe dehydration and altered sensorium. Though T2DM is associated neurological complications like diabetic neuropathy, seizures occur mostly with hypoglycemia. Seizures are seen in around 25% of T2DM patients with changes in serum sodium or changes in osmolality. Local cerebral damage, cerebral microvascular lesions, metabolic factors, and gene mutations are also some other mechanisms postulated for the development of seizure in T2DM.1


By simulating operating model of vehicle performance test on indoor bench,measuring range of system and other performance parameters of road simulator called automobile chassis dynamometer are studied in this paper,such as torsion,velocity,distance,power error,constant velocity control,constant force control and stability time control.The technical requirements for system error and experimental method are also proposed.In order to improve the accuracy of performance test,antitheses tests have been done with coasting-down method and anti-drawing method to compensate automobile chassis dynamometer for internal power-loss.


The study of the mechanical properties of cemented soil was conducted through uniaxial compression tests in laboratory. The relation of the compressive strength of the prismatic samples and the cubic ones was established. The stress-strain diagram and the relationship between the uniaxial compressive strength of cemented soil samples and cement percentage were acquired.


A new active adaptive feedback control algorithm (F. B. LMS) was developed in this paper mainly for the purpose of reducing aerodynamically self-oscillating noises. This is an algorithm which reconstructs the Filtered-X-LMS to a feedback type and which needs only error signals. A simple experiment using a straight duct proved that this method could increase acoustic damping in a closed sound field by controlling the secondary source just like a sound-absorbing wall. This method was also proven to be effective for reducing periodic noises which had periodic causality. This method was applied to reduce a cavity tone and a resonant noise of a model tube bundle which were typical self-oscillating noises, and satisfactory results were obtained. It was also successfully applied to reduce periodic noises such as those in a cab of a construction machine radiating from engine, cooling fan and oil hydraulic pump.


Callus cultures initiated from red beet tubers were acclimated to 75 or 100 mM NaCl salinity by exposing them to gradually increasing NaCl concentrations. The acclimated callus lines displayed growth rates comparable to the control culture cultivated on the NaCl-free medium. Several antioxidant system components were analyzed to assess the role of the antioxidant defense in the acclimated callus's ability to proliferate on salt-supplemented media. It was found that proline and ascorbate concentrations were increased in salt-acclimated callus lines with respect to the control line. On the other hand, glutathione concentration was unchanged in all tested callus lines. Total activities of the antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 18.104.22.168), catalase (CAT, EC 220.127.116.11), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 188.8.131.52), and class III peroxidase (POX, EC 220.127.116.11) were increased in salt-acclimated cultures. The enzymatic components of the antioxidant systems were upregulated in a coordinated manner during the initial phases of the culture cycle when the increase in callus fresh mass occurs.


The tetrapod ZnO nano /microstructures were synthesized on the Si(100) substrates using carbon-thermal evaporation. The structural and optical properties of the samples were characterized by Xray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),photoluminescence(PL) and cathodoluminescence(CL) spectroscopy. The results indicate that the asprepared tetrapod ZnO nanostructures have a single crystalline wurtzite hexagonal structure preferentially oriented in the c-axis direction. Each nano /microstructures has four legs which are about 3-10 μm in length and 0. 2-1. 5 μm in diameter. The PL measurements of the tetrapod ZnO nano /microstructures reveal a UV peak centered at 384 nm and a green peak centered at 519 nm. For comparative analysis,CL spectra obtained from different regions of an individual tetrapod were also investigated. In the end,the functions of the Ni buffer layer and the growing mechanism of the ZnO nano /microbaseball-bats were discussed.


The critical importance of understanding, selecting, and developing global management talent—management operating within internationally diverse interpersonal and situational contexts—has emerged from the increasing globalization of business and the concomitant high rates of immigration, emigration, and expatriation. With an awareness of this general context, my commentary highlights the conceptual and methodological themes within a set of papers concerned with composing normative groups against which to compare the personality test scores of global managers. I first suggest types of organizational change that might critically affect global management norms, then reflect on approaches to developing norms in light of the organizational purposes at hand, and finally discuss issues connected to measurement equivalence efforts and how multilevel models can assist in these efforts. The papers featured in this special issue address a serious and cutting-edge challenge: establishing stable and relevant testing norms for a management population and business context that is in a constant state of flux.


As the device feature size enters into the nanoscale, the modeling and simulation of short channel effects in FinFETs devices become challenging. In this paper an easy approach to model short channel effects threshold voltage roll-off in nanoscale n-channel FinFETs is presented. The decrease of threshold voltage with decrease in gate length is a well-known short channel effect called the "threshold voltage roll-off" has been simulated. By using this threshold voltage, current-voltage characteristics have been observed for different operating regions of FinFETs with different channel lengths and also for different oxide thickness. In order to justify the validity of the proposed model the simulation results have been compared with the available experimental and/or simulation data. The analytical expressions derived in the present model can be a useful tool in device design and optimization.


The United Kingdom is one of the most centralised countries in the developed world, and its cities and towns lack financial power. Over the past decade, decentralised government has been realised in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, but in England, with the notable exception of London, devolution is still unfinished business. Too many decisions affecting localities are still taken by Whitehall. This excessive centralisation is holding back the UK's towns and cities. In addition, there is an unhealthy proliferation of quangos, agencies and partnerships few of which are directly accountable to local people. As a result, the role of elected local government has diminished over the last few decades. So too has the public's engagement in decisions that affect their daily lives on transport, skills, housing and planning. This Viewpoint sets out a future direction for the devolution of powers and funding from the centre to cities and towns, with a strong emphasis on city-regions and economic development. It includes fresh ideas on regional and sub-regional governance, and a call for business to work more constructively with local councils. There are two major reasons why England needs more radical devolution. First, England currently suffers from an uneven pattern of economic performance between and within its regions. This performance gap was confirmed by last year's State of the English Cities report (Parkinson et al., 2006), with cities in the south and east performing on average 30 per cent better than those in the north and west. Despite a great deal of investment and reform, these regional disparities are likely to persist long into the future.


The GD555/655 and GD675 are motor graders with a blade width of 12ft (3.7m) and 14ft (4.3m), respectively and belong to the medium class, which is the core segment in the market of graders that are mainly segmented by their blade width. Aimed at sales promotion in the North American market, which demands high performance in this medium class, Dash 3 was launched in the market in 2001. The graders manufactured by Komatsu before this model were based on the design of installing the operator compartment on the rear frame. Beginning with Dash 3, however, a change has been made to install the operator compartment on the front frame as in competitors' products. At the same time, an increase in the power and significant expansion work equipment mobility. These Komatsu grader have become machines that can compete with competitors produced by overseas manufacturers on an equal footing in the commercial market. A model change from Dash 3 to Dash 5 has now been made inheriting good visibility and ease of operation through Dual mode transmission and enhancing the environmental performance to a state-of-the-art level such as fuel consumption and noise.


This review analyzes current evidence regarding possible mechanisms of nigral damage in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). In normal brain, a specific interplay among the blood–brain barrier (BBB), substantia nigra (SN), and locus coeruleus (LC) creates the condition for a self-accelerating damage to the SN. Three vicious circles involving SN-BBB, LC-SN-BBB, and histamine-BBB-SN interactions are described. In iPD, a self-accelerating loss of nigral cells can be triggered by brain hypoperfusion and by an increased blood histamine level. iPD-associated factors such as decreased CSF levels of substance P, somatostatin, and glutamate can aggravate the vicious-circle-induced damage to the SN.


You are missing a key analytical step if you conclude that the oil industry is responsible for increasing Inupiat involvement in the cash economy. We pointed out that Native participation in industry employment opportunities has been quite low in Alaska. Keep in mind that it is an Inupiat-controlled institution that decided to tax oil properties and to thereby create new jobs and community facilities and services. Both the oil industry and the state fought hard to pocket the fifty million dollars or so captured each year by the North Slope Borough. One all-too-common approach to impact assessment is to observe conditions before and after a major development and to attribute all changes to the development. Thus, the caribou population crash and the bowhead whale quotas were a product of Prudhoe Bay. Not so; as easy as it is to lay everything at industry's doorstep, it is not good science. The Western Arctic caribou herd indeed drastically declined during the development period. That herd, however, does not occupy the Prudhoe Bay area. The Central Arctic herd does, and it increased in size during the same period. Likewise, it is difficult to see how onshore developments decreased the bowhead population. Our article does not represent the impacts of energy development in entirely positive terms. Our results clearly document an Inupiat ambivalence toward onshore oil development. You raise an important point, however. Readers and policy makers should not conclude that the same mixture of positive and negative impacts associated with onshore development will occur with offshore development. The impact relationships differ in critical dimensions. Offshore development is much more likely to disturb the migratory marine species that form the core of the traditional Inupiat economy and present cultural identity. The revenue stream responsible for creating local jobs and building new schools, housing, and water systems will not be enhanced significantly by offshore development. We are currently assessing these differences for the federal government and documenting Inupiat fears that their lifestyle and culture will be permanently changed for the worse by offshore development. A painful component of social impact assessment is the realization that change is largely irreversible. The Inupiat culture is rapidly changing as it has been since the 1850s. We may think of a culture as it presently exists as "wonderful," but we cannot let our own values interfere with an objective impact assessment, nor can we deny the right of a culture to choose a course we may believe is ultimately destructive. We hope you continue to take an active interest in this important issue and encourage you to learn more about its complexities.


In this study Trifunovic' hypothesis that there are three objective lines in the development of modern art was psychologically evaluated. According to Trifunovic, in the first line (Cezanne - cubism - neoplasticism - suprematism) the geometrization of form prevails, in the second (Van Gogh - expressionism - abstract expressionism) the use of color is dominant, whereas the main features of the third line (Gauguin - fauvism) are symbolic use of color and reduction of perspective. Fifteen reproductions of paintings that represent the three developmental lines were used as stimuli. The subjects were asked to judge the stimuli on nine bipolar 7-step scales. These scales constitute the three factors of instrument SDF 9: Evaluation, Arousal and Regularity (3 scales x 3 factors = 9 scales). Four clusters of paintings were obtained: Abstract-expressionistic (moderate Evaluation, high Arousal and low Regularity), Figural-expressionistic (very low Evaluation, low Arousal and high Regularity), Constructivistic (moderate Evaluation, low Arousal and high Regularity) and Realistic (high Evaluation, high Arousal and high Regularity). The results partially confirm Trifunovic' hypothesis indicating that, besides the formal features, the content (abstract vs. figural) is also significant factor of subjective clustering of paintings.


According to the problem of the cultivation for the students' engineering practical ability in Chemical Engineering and Technology(CET),educational practice and exploration are taken and we carry them out through the whole educational process by improving the practical program,teaching content and methods.It is a satisfying way to strengthen the students' engineering practical ability.


Preface - Notes on the Contributors - Introduction G.Vaggi - PART 1: INDUSTRY VERSUS AGRICULTURE: THE ECONOMIC THEORY OF SECTORS AND DEVELOPMENT - Orthodox Development Theories and their Applications to Less Developed Countries A.Bhaduri - Perspectives on Development M.Ricottilli - Agriculture and Growth C.B.Carri - Peasants and Capitalists in Developing Countries: Agriculture with Particular Reference to India L.Marcuccio - PART 2: LESSONS FROM THE DEBT CRISIS - A Brief Debt Story G.Vaggi - The Development Crisis of the 1980s: a Review of Analytical and Policy Debates J.Ros - Sustainable Debts and the 'Human Factor' G.Vaggi - PART 3: INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES AND STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT POLICIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES - The International Monetary Fund and the Creation of an Enabling Environment P.M.Keller - Is Adjustment Conducive to Long-Term Development? The Case of Africa in the 1980s G.A.Cornia - The Sequence of Stabilization and Liberalization F.Daveri - Aid Agencies and the Promotion of Foreign Direct Investments in Developing Countries: Between Market and Cooperation: A Short Note G.B.Navaretti - The Theory and Policy of Structural Adjustment: a Note M.Missaglia - PART 4: DEVELOPMENT, DEMOCRACY AND THE NEW ECONOMIC ORDER - Recent International Developments and the North-South Dialogue Y.Boutros-Ghali - International Debt and the New World Order G.Goria - International Democracy and Economic Development G.Montani - Conclusions in the Manner of Reflections G.Vaggi - Index


As a reason to make this dissertation's work is propose acquisition with the view of development tourist trade in region Uherske Hradistě. After introduction following general interpretation and characteristics tourist trade from technical literature, witch is refer this work. Following part my dissertation's work introduce city Uherske Hradistě and describe its the present state of tourist trade area. In practical part is design situation analyse describe the present condition tourist trade in region Uherske Hradistě. In last part dissertation's work is created proposal to improvement situation in turist trade area city Uherske Hradistě as a whole document.


Takanori Ida Professor, Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto University Research area: Applied Economics Telecommunication Economics and Behavioral Economics Publications selected: [1] Ida, T. (2009) Broadband Economics: Lessons from Japan, Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group): London. [2] Ito, K., T. Ida, M. Tanaka (2017) "Moral Suasion and Economic Incentives: Field Experimental Evidence from Energy Demand," Forthcoming in American Economic Journal: Economic Policy.


ions developed during its analysis. Broadly, there are three elements to this chapter: what was the 'Horizons' programme; where did it come from; and how it did get to UCD. Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 provide an insight into the origins and evidence of UCD's modularisation and the policy process involved in its introduction. Section 5.1 explains 'UCD Horizons' and the origins of UCD's


The Adirondack Snow-Survey was organized a few years ago in an effort to improve the operation of storage-reservoirs for water-power, navigation, and municipal water-supply in the Adirondack Region and adjacent territory. It is a voluntary, cooperative enterprise, participated in by the engineering staffs of various power-companies and State, Federal, and other governmental agencies.

The Adirondack Region includes an area of about 12,000 square miles in northern New York, having a length of about 140 miles north and south and a width of about 100 miles east and west. The topography is rugged, but hardly mountainous when compared with the mountains of the western part of the country. The highest peak is only about 5300 feet above sea-level, and the average elevation of the plateau does not exceed 2500 feet. Most of the area is densely wooded, with both coniferous and deciduous trees. An excellent system of paved roads covers the entire Region, and these roads are usually kept open to traffic through the winter.


Box honeycombed plate, designed to receive a dimpled plate (B) of known type, having a series of cells (A), each of which contains a product such as a tablet (L) consisting of a container with a closable and externally accessible internal compartment (2), wherein the honeycombed plate is inserted or rests with its penetrable surface by pushing on a surface or grid (3) having a plurality of through holes so that, each cell corresponds to a respective hole in the grid, wherein above and / or below said grating (3), wherein means (6, 30, 34) designed to detect the presence of each lozenge or tablet have ( L) being poured from one of the cells located above as a result of the pressure the user exerts on said deformable cell honeycombed plate, so that the data collected by said detection means are sent to a unit central processing (CPU) that processes and stores the data along with the time and date of detection in a built-in memory (M) and displays the same on a screen (D) of the box insert honeycombed own; being further equipped said housing for dimpled plate with supply means standalone power, such as for example one or more batteries, including rechargeable type and / or with an inlet to enable the insertion of the connector of a power supply, wherein said means designed to detect the presence or absence of each lozenge or tablet are optical or capacitive means, said receiving means and both transmitting means comprises optical means.


1-Methyl-3-propyl-4-nitropyrazole-5-carboxylic acid was synthesized from 1-methyl-3-propylpyrazole-5-carboxylic acid using dichloromethane as solvent.The factors affecting the reaction yield,were studied.The optimum reaction conditions were speed of agitator,600r/min;reaction time,5~6 h;reaction temprature,70 °C;concentration of sulfuric acid,90%.


Purpose: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) causes pain and urinary symptoms that involve the prostate and/or other parts of the male. We analyzed the clinical outcomes of medication and microwave thermotherapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 patients with CP/CPPS for at least 3 months were assigned to one of the three study groups (group A: medication; group B: thermotherapy; group C: combination therapy). The NIH-CPSI was recorded at baseline, and at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12 post-therapy. EPS was evaluated, and semen analysis was performed to assess the changes in prostatic inflammation. Moreover, patient satisfaction questionnaire was completed. Results: Comparisons between groups A and B, as well as between groups B and C showed no significant changes in pain, quality of life, and total scores. At week 12, group C, when compared with group A, had a significantly improved voiding score (4.19±3.02 vs. 2.71±2.30, p=0.019) and EPS (12.47±15.91 vs. 3.73±4.82, p=0.003). At week 4, the patient satisfaction score in group C was significantly different from that in other groups (p=0.043), but there was no difference at week 12 (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in laboratory test results, PSA, and prostate volume between the three groups at baseline and week 12. Complications of thermotherapy resolved with conservative management. Conclusions: Our results showed that a combination of medication and thermotherapy improved NIH-CPSI and patient satisfaction in CP/CPPS more than medication alone. We suggested that thermotherapy could be another treatment option for CP/CPPS.


The plasma confinement times were studied in the levitated spherator FM-1 as a function of the electron density and electron temperature. It was found that below approximately 1 eV, the plasma confinement time is proportional to $\frac{{{T}_{e}}^{m}}{{n}_{e}}(\frac{1}{2}l~ml~\frac{3}{4})$ with an absolute confinement time 4-6 times below the classical confinement time. Above 1 eV the confinement time decreases as ${{T}_{e}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ with an absolute confinement of 300 times the so-called Bohm diffusion time.


The RCN has opened an online poll on whether members would strike over pay. Some 270,000 RCN members are being asked for their views on NHS pay after the governments of England, Scotland and Wales announced below-inflation pay rises.


The background and concept of the planning and design of Changshan River Park in Haining were analyzed. The design thought and method of modern waterfront garden were discussed from 3 aspects, interact with nature, continuance of time and space, and human space.


The statistical estimate method based on actual rainfall data for calculating the statistical value Km has been widely applied to estimation of the probable maximum precipitation(PMP).Because of different views on this method in China,it has been revised and refined by many researchers since it was brought in,and the statistical value Km was apt to be replaced by standardized variate Φm.The statistical estimate method seeks for Φmm only from actual rainfall without magnification;therefore,the estimated result of PMP based on this method is a little small.This study was conducted to improve the statistical estimate method by introducing a vapor magnification factor,and the improved method was applied to deduce PMP for Ningde City.The result shows that the method is reasonable.


Scapular fractures and shoulder fracture-dislocations as a result of electrocution are rarely seen and reported. We present the case of a 31-year-old man who sustained an ipsilateral scapular fracture and contralateral shoulder fracture-dislocation after electrocution.


We read with interest the report on the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) from five large randomized clinical studies in patients with atherosclerosis, which demonstrates that NLR is associated with cardiovascular events. The NLR is a simple biomarker almost always available in clinical studies. However, several publications reported that white blood cell and neutrophil counts vary considerably among different races. In the CANTOS study, 20% of the patients were non-white, as were 29% in the JUPITER study and 22% in the CIRT study (percentage of non-white patients was not reported in the publications of the SPIRE studies). In a very recent publication, NLR was associated with mortality overall and due to certain causes in the US general population. Importantly, the authors systematically adjusted for race/ethnicity in their multivariate analyses. Thus we questioned about an association between race and NLR in patients with atherosclerosis in these studies. As the authors suggest incorporating NLR monitoring into clinical practice guidelines for management of stable coronary disease, we propose to calculate a cut-off value according to race for more precise prognostic information.


Insulation aging of oiled paper is a common malfunction of transformers. It is of great value to recognize the insulation aging status of oiled paper and predict the service life of transformers using appropriate methods. In this study, an aging state recognition method based on partial discharge was proposed. Partial discharge signals were collected, the feature values were obtained through analysis of the principle component factor, and the state was identified by using a support vector machine. A Weibull distribution‐based method was proposed for the prediction of service life, and the residual life of transformers was determined using failure rate function. Through analysis, it was found that the fault analysis method had an accuracy rate of 80.55% in the recognition of the aging state, which was higher than that of Hidden Markov Model (HMM). In the case analysis, the accuracy rate of the method in recognizing the aging state of 100 transformers reached 82.06%. The accuracy of the failure rate function was also verified in the prediction of service life. This study provides some new ideas for the effective recognition of insulation aging of oiled paper in transformers and the prediction of service life. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


BV observations of an approximately 68′×48′ field centered on the open cluster NGC 2281 and covering more than 400 nights from 2013 to 2018 are presented. The photometric observations were transformed to the standard system using standards from the American Association of Variable Star Observers Photometric All-sky Survey (APASS) DR10 and analyzed with Gaia DR2 parallaxes and proper motions to determine the distance, age, and metallicity of the cluster. The discovery of an eclipsing binary in the field is discussed.


As the requirement of the information sharing of the quality supervision,inspection and quarantine,we deeply investigate the technology of data exchange in the"Golden Quality Project",and based on J2EE(mainly JMS) and XML,we proposed the technology development across the region and platform. We indicated data exchange process and management and maintenance mechanisms in the"Golden Quality Project"by the reliable data exchange platform and the specific application of DXP in the"Golden Quality Project".


Molecular analysis reveals a surprising sharing of short gene segments among a variety of large double‐stranded DNA bacteriophages of enteric bacteria. Ancestral genomes from otherwise unrelated phages, including λ Mu, P1, P2 and T4, must have exchanged parts of their tail‐fibre genes, Individual genes appear as mosaics with parts derived from a common gene pool. Therefore, horizontal gene transfer emerges as a major factor in the evolution of a specific part of phage genomes. Current concepts of homologous recombination cannot account for the formation of such chimeric genes and the recombinational mechanisms responsible are not known. However, recombination sites for DNA invertases and recombination site‐like sequences are present at the boundaries of gene segments conferring the specificity for the host receptor. This, together with the properties of the DNA inversion mechanism, suggests that these site‐specific recombination enzymes could be responsible for the exchange of host‐range determinants.