The Document Supply Service at AT&T Bell Laboratories experienced a crisis in the fall of 1988. It was not monitoring the expenditures for external suppliers of documents, even though over half of the department's total budget went to document vendors.


The most popular treatment for concrete structure is self-healing method to enhance the durability of concrete. The relevance between cracks and conceivable self-healing method is sophisticated and environmentally considered. This current paper a review on biological, natural and chemical mechanism of self-healing concrete was deeply evaluated from past journal was published about them and the main purposed of this paper as focuses on biological processes of self-healing concrete.  The data introduced in current study as huge substantial for bioprocess and biotechnologists engineer to provide useful details on present condition of self-healing concrete.


The utility model provides a metal gravity casting die which comprises an upper die, a lower die, a left half die and a right half die, wherein the left half die and the right half die respectively comprise a plurality of metal blades; each metal blade comprises a connecting part and a casting part; the metal blades of the left half die and the metal blades of the right half die are respectively laminated in sequence; clearance space is retained between the casting parts of all adjacent metal blades; the clearance space forms a heat radiating fin mold cavity of the metal gravity casting die; the left half die is provided with a first negative pressure exhaust passage; the first negative pressure exhaust passage penetrates through the connecting parts of all the metal blades of the left half die; the right half die is provided with a second negative pressure exhaust passage; and the second negative pressure exhaust passage penetrates through the connecting parts of all the metal blades of the right half die. With the adoption of the metal gravity casting die, the quality problems of cold shut, casting shortage and air hole effects are prevented from being formed in the heat radiating fin mold cavity, the yield and production efficiency of castings are improved and the production cost is reduced.


Aim We probed the prognostic value of the preoperative high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score (HS-mGPS), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to identify patients with the highest risk of having poor survival outcomes. Materials and Methods We executed a retrospective assessment of the records of 303 patients with OSCC who had been subjected to curative surgery between January 2008 and December 2017. The HS-mGPS was categorized using C-reactive protein and albumin thresholds of 3 mg/L and 35 g/L, respectively. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were executed to find out the optimal PLR and NLR cutoffs. We plotted survival curves and compared them through the use of the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test, respectively. Through a Cox proportional hazard model, we identified prognostic variables. We also plotted a nomogram comprising the HS-mGPS and clinicopathological factors and assessed its performance with the concordance index. Results The PLR and NLR cutoffs were 119.34 and 4.51, respectively. We noted an HS-mGPS of 1−2 to be associated with a shorter median overall survival (OS) and disease-fee survival (DFS) compared with an HS-mGPS of 0. Multivariate analysis revealed that an HS-mGPS of 1−2 and an NLR of ≥4.51 were independent risk factors related to poor OS and DFS. The HS-mGPS appeared to have better prognostic effect than did the PLR and NLR, and the combination of the HS-mGPS and NLR appeared to exhibit optimal discriminative ability for OS prognostication. The nomogram based on the HS-mGPS and NLR yielded accurate OS prediction (concordance index = 0.803). Conclusion Our findings suggest that preoperative HS-mGPS is a promising prognostic biomarker of OSCC, and the nomogram comprising the HS-mGPS and NLR provided accurate individualized OSCC survival predictions.


In this paper we report calculations of the concentration profile and the Gibbs free energy of the interface between a protein crystal and an aqueous solution. The calculations are based on a simple, realistic expression for the Gibbs free energy of the solution, which reproduces characteristic features of the protein−water phase diagram, such as the presence of a metastable liquid−liquid immiscibility region. An equation is derived which expresses the coefficient for the contribution of concentration gradients to the Gibbs free energy of the solution in terms of the interaction potential between the protein molecules. Calculations are presented which show that the presence of a metastable liquid−liquid immiscibility region in the phase diagram has a profound effect on the properties of the interface between a crystal and the solution. Near and below the critical temperature for metastable liquid−liquid phase separation the protein crystal is covered by a thin liquid film with a high protein concentration...


To mitigate automobile-caused externalities, several European cities have introduced fare-free transit schemes. Best known are the plans introduced in Hasselt, Belgium, and Templin, Germany. The staggering increases in ridership in both cities seem to prove the overwhelming success of this policy. In addition, a study carried out for the German Federal Ministry of Transportation scrutinized the program in Templin and found that a positive net effect is likely and fare-free transit is a viable policy to curb automobile externalities. Fare-free schemes are based on the economic theory of the second-best. Automobile users should be encouraged to shift to environmentally friendly transit. An undesired side effect, however, may be the increase in the demand by former transit users and the attraction of pedestrians and bicycle riders. In Templin, the side effect was prevailing, whereas the shift from automobile to transit was only minimal. The positive net benefit was due to the reduction in fatalities and casualties: Since pedestrians and bicycle riders belong to the most endangered road users, every decrease in these modes will lead to a reduction of automobile-caused costs. The undesired side effect thus became the main effect. Journal of Public Transportation, Vol. 6, No. 4, 2003 9 0 Introduction The growth in transportation with respect to number of trips, passenger miles and vehicle miles is second to none not only in the United States but in most developed countries. From 1960 to 2000 passenger miles by automobiles and transit have risen by about 250 percent—from 1,276 billion to 4,442 billion. Due to decreasing occupation rates, vehicle miles have even grown from 587 billion to 2,536 billion—more than 330 percent. Most countries in Western Europe have experienced the same level of transportation growth in recent decades. Even if this increase is losing in dynamics, saturation is not in sight. Most, if not all, of this growth is driven by the automobile. Public transportation barely benefits from this development, resulting in little or stagnating growth rates. However, the mounting costs of externalities caused by automobile travel (e.g., accidents, traffic jams, environmental problems), suggest a modal shift from cars to public transportation as an increasingly desirable goal. Given the immense spatial and temporal concentration, this is particularly true for the commuter streams during peak hours. Several policy options can initialize and support this modal shift. Aside from regulatory instruments, such as the reduction of parking opportunities or an increase in the supply of public transportation services, economists focus on the change of relative prices. In general, they distinguish transit-supporting policies (pull policies) from schemes aimed at constraining automobile use (push policies). The first policy is considerably more popular with the public as well as transit companies. Against this background, the long-time muted demand for fare-free transit is awakening. For a long time, it seemed as though the intense discussion of the 1970s about free transit would be on the decline and eventually disappear. However, recent developments have shown that a renaissance is imminent if not already flourishing. Several environmental groups (e.g., Greenpeace and Robin Wood) and political parties, such as PDS1 (the successor of the former east German socialist party) have put fare-free transit on their agendas. At the same time the number of European cities that have adapted fare-free transit schemes is growing steadily. One of the most stunning examples of the plan's success is Hasselt, Belgium. Since the abolishment of all transit fares for the entire urban area in July 1997, ridership has increased by more than 1,000 percent (City of Hasselt 2000). The reasoning behind the idea of fare free transit is the following: A considerable modal shift from car travel to public transportation makes the Externalities by Automobiles and Fare-Free Transit in Germany 9 1 construction of new roads unnecessary, and existing roads can even be built back. The resulting savings more than offset the increasing subsidies for transit services, thus leading to a positive financial net effect. Following the attractive example set by Hasselt, many cities, especially in Germany, hope to resolve their financial and transportation issues through the introduction of fare-free transit schemes. The German town of Templin is another positive example of fare-free transit. Since 1997 the purchase of a ticket has been obsolete in several small German cities, including Templin (14,000 inhabitants). A study carried out for the German Federal Ministry of Transportation investigated and evaluated the benefits of fare-free schemes using Templin as reference (Keuchel et al. 2000). Overall, the results are fairly positive and encouraging—the benefits outweigh the costs by far. This could lead to a dominance of pull policies over push policies. Is this the beginning of a paradigm shift in policies aimed at solving environmental problems of transportation? This article describes whether and to what extent countrywide fare-free transit schemes —aside from small pilot projects—are able to induce a large-scale modal shift from car travel to public transportation and, therefore, mitigate externalities. After presenting the theoretical background, the article discusses the experiences in Templin from an economist's point of view. The article ends with a summary and an overall assessment of fare-free transit schemes. Second-Best Pricing Solution From an individual firm's point of view, it is evident that the implementation of fare-free schemes always entails financial deficits for the transportation company: There is no payment in return for a service anymore. In fact, the financial situation of public transportation companies is traditionally precarious even without farefree schemes. To provide and maintain an effective public service of an appropriate size, the mobilization of considerable subsidies has been required for decades. In the United States the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) collects and disseminates data on the state of mass transportation via the National Transit Database (NTD) program. As reported by the FTA (2002), total federal, state, and local subsidies have risen from $0.9 billion in 19702 to about $25.6 billion in 2002. Subsidies for mass transit in Germany, as reported in "Bericht über die Folgekosten des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs" (Deutscher Bundestag 1997), account for about $6 billion (Ratzenberger 1997; WIBERA 1996; Storchmann 1999). Often, the level of subsidies is not only regarded as an indicator of a lack of efficiency, in fact, they are deemed as the main cause of ineffectiveness (Pucher et al. 1983). This Journal of Public Transportation, Vol. 6, No. 4, 2003 9 2 may be correct for the vast majority of private companies. Mass transportation companies, however, are mainly public companies and thus pursue a different goal. In general, they do not aim at the goal of profit maximization but want to maximize welfare; in financial terms only is cost recovery desirable (e.g., Bös 1986; Turvey 1971). Therefore, the term "efficiency" focuses on the questions: • What level of service should be provided? • How should it be priced? Since the early 1970s, several welfare-oriented models have been developed to determine the optimal service and price level for mass transit under first-best conditions (e.g., Mohring 1972; Turvey and Mohring1975; Jansson 1980). All of these studies refer to the term "social cost" which, aside from the companies cost, particularly accounts for time costs of third parties (externalities). On the base of first-best marginal pricing rules, a deficit can, in fact, be compatible with the achievement of the welfare optimum. However, since costs should be borne by those transit passengers who cause them, peak fares should be significantly higher than off-peak fares. Whereas marginal costs caused by off-peak passengers tend to zero, an incremental peak passenger requires considerable resources. By law, the size of capital stock and staff has to be dimensioned according to the transportation needs in rush hours. Under first-best conditions, service and price level are calculated and optimized for each mode of transportation separately. This solution is welfare optimal only if substitute modes to public transportation follow the same rules and also charge first-best prices. However, these conditions are not always readily fulfilled. If a relevant substitute mode deviates from the marginal cost-pricing rule due to imperfect markets or externalities, transit fares should deviate from this rule as well in order to guarantee a welfare maximum. This new optimal fare is called the "second-best optimal" price. The theory of the second best, thus, aims at answering the question whether and to what extent a deviation from first-best prices can be beneficial to reach welfare gains. In its general form, the second-best theory was first introduced in the 1950s by Lipsey and Lancaster (1956/57); later it was applied in several specific fields. Given the extent of automobile-caused externalities, such as congestion and environmental damage, and the fact that public transportation and automobile travel are relatively close substitutes, the consideration of secondbest arguments for mass transit pricing is almost compelling. This leads to the question whether public transportation should deviate from first-best pricing Externalities by Automobiles and Fare-Free Transit in Germany 9 3 rules and charge lower (deficit-causing) second-best fares. In this context, the introduction of fare-free transit has been discussed since the early 1970s. In its simple version, the second-best approach distinguishes only between the two modes of public transportation (t) and automobile (a). The second-best optimal fare is then calculated acco


Based on the theoretical method of generating waverider bodies, the practical waverider is designed by introducing the influence of height, and the aerodynamic and thermal characteristics are studied by numerical simulation. The results show that the blunted leading edge and the upper surface modification do not increase too much resistance, the viscous trimmed lift-to-drag ratio is still greater than 4.0, and the vehicle has the dynamic stability in yaw and roll direction, which opens a new way for the practical application of waverider vehicle.


Variable selection in ultra-high dimensional data sets is an increasingly prevalent issue with the readily available data arising from, for example, genome-wide associations studies or gene expression data. When the dimension of the feature space is exponentially larger than the sample size, it is desirable to screen out unimportant predictors in order to bring the dimension down to a moderate scale. In this paper we consider the case when observations of the predictors are missing at random. We propose performing screening using the marginal linear correlation coefficient between each predictor and the response variable accounting for the missing data using maximum likelihood estimation. This method is shown to have the sure screening property. Moreover, a novel method of screening that uses additional predictors when estimating the correlation coefficient is proposed. Simulations show that simply performing screening using pairwise complete observations is out-performed by both the proposed methods and is not recommended. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to a gene expression study on prostate cancer.


We extend several $g$-type theorems for connected, orientable homology manifolds without boundary to manifolds with boundary. As applications of these results we obtain Kuhnel-type bounds on the Betti numbers as well as on certain weighted sums of Betti numbers of manifolds with boundary. Our main tool is the completion $\hat\Delta$ of a manifold with boundary $\Delta$; it is obtained from $\Delta$ by coning off the boundary of $\Delta$ with a single new vertex. We show that despite the fact that $\hat{\Delta}$ has a singular vertex, its Stanley--Reisner ring shares a few properties with the Stanley--Reisner rings of homology spheres. We close with a discussion of a connection between three lower bound theorems for manifolds, PL-handle decompositions, and surgery.


Process for the supported recording and / or evaluation, in particular diagnosis of acquired with an image pickup device and / or recorded images using a database of medical information, in particular a medical atlas to the image pickup device and / or on a computing device, one for a control action user and / or upon the occurrence of a trigger event - taking account of the present image-related data automatically at least one image-related information from the database is selected and - the or at least one image-related information is displayed.


New model of software safety is offered. Distribution of mistakes in program on stages of life cycle is researched. Study of ways of increase of reliability of software at help simulation program is leaded.


Maximo, Mariana Lisboa; Carmo, Luiz Felipe Roris Ro driguez Scavarda do (Advisor). Evaluating the Design of a Performance Measurement System for Downstream Logistics in an Energy Compan y. Rio de Janeiro, 2013. 94p. MSc. Dissertation – Departament o de Engenharia Industrial, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. Performance Measurement System (PMS) is already a c onse rated tendency among companies concerned with an entire and solid et of metrics, process and system to support performance assessment efficientl y. The design of a PMS requires deep evaluation of the current measurement situation used, concrete managers' engagement and clarity in the objectives and goals to be achieved with the new system. There is little research evidence t hat illustrates the transition between design and implementation phases of a PMS. Within this context, this dissertation presents a case study carried out at P etrobras concerning the design of a PMS for its Downstream Logistics Division and the preparation of its implementation. The value of applying some practice s during design phase in order to prevent implementation problems is conside re in the case. Throughout the initiative, conceptual ideas generated by the d esign team needed to be tested and sometimes adapted in order to provide a better implementation. As consequence, the transition between design and impl ementation phases revealed to be an important and delicate moment, directly re sponsible for the success of the PMS implementation. If definitions established and decisions taken during design phase are not properly addressed, it runs the risk of loosing the main purposes of the new system; this particular aspect is discussed in the dissertation regarding the case study observations.


In this paper, we study the design and analysis of a class of efficient algorithms for computing the Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance tailored to large-scale graph learning tasks. Armed with the Luo-Tseng error bound condition (Luo & Tseng, 1992), two proposed algorithms, called Bregman Alternating Projected Gradient (BAPG) and hybrid Bregman Proximal Gradient (hBPG) are proven to be (linearly) convergent. Upon task-specific properties, our analysis further provides novel theoretical insights to guide how to select the best fit method. As a result, we are able to provide comprehensive experiments to validate the effectiveness of our methods on a host of tasks, including graph alignment, graph partition, and shape matching. In terms of both wall-clock time and modeling performance, the proposed methods achieve state-of-the-art results.


Dispute settlement mechanisms (DSM) are the heart of international organisations without which organisations would be ineffective. The European Union (EU) is probably the most effective regional body whose efficacy is largely due to its powerful judicial organ, the Court of Justice (CJEU). This article also examines the DSM available in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), in order to assess its effectiveness. It briefly discusses aspects of the EU and CJEU to help provide suggestions to improve the GCC DSM. This article concludes that the GCC DSM lacks effectiveness due to an inherent defect in its DMS organs. This defect is twofold: first, the GCC has yet to establish an effective judicial organ to deal with its disputes; and, second, there is a lack of political will to establish an organ that is vested with a supranational power that can override the individual will of the Member States.


During the performance and/or recording of a television programme for subsequent transmission, the title of the programme is generally cited only in the leader credits. The aim of the invention is to provide a television programme, which is to be played and/or recorded, with an associated title statement. The data for a title statement are extracted (7) from transmitted programme preview tables of the television text signal and inserted in the video signal (3) of the programme during performance (11) and/or recording (14) of the corresponding programme. The size and arrangement of the lettering are determined by means of a manipulation circuit (8) and a microprocessor (6).


IN 1962 FEDERAL REGULATIONS WERE BROADENED TO PERMIT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO PARTICIPATE IN THE COST OF MOVING OWNERS AND TENANTS OF HOMES AND BUSINESSES. ONE OF THE PROVISIONS AFFECTING RESIDENCES WAS THAT THE REPLACEMENT PROPERTY MUST BE DECENT, SAFE, AND SANITARY. OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS ARISING FROM THIS REQUIREMENT, BOTH FOR THE ADMINISTERING STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENTS AND FOR THE INDIVIDUALS AFFECTED, ARE DISCUSSED IN THE LIGHT OF CASE HISTORIES. OTHER TOPICS DISCUSSED ARE THE TIMEPHASING OF HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS WITH RESPECT TO TIME REQUIRED FOR RELOCATION, THE ADDITIVE TO MARKET VALUE IN CASES OF PARTIAL TAKING, PROBLEMS ARISING FROM DIFFERENTIALS IN THE VALUE OF TAKEN AND RELOCATION PROPERTY, HANDLING AD VALOREM TAXES (WHOSE BURDEN SEEMS TO DEVOLVE ON THE STATES), DETERMINATION OF BENEFITS DUE A DISPLACED PERSON WHO MOVES OR DISCONTINUES HIS BUSINESS OR FARM OPERATION, DETERMINING THE COSTS OF MOVING BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT, AND SUGGESTIONS BASED ON EXPERIENCE AS TO HOW THE PRESENT LAW CAN BE IMPROVED.


In this paper we describe a new approximate Riemann solver for compressible gas flow. In contrast to previous Riemann solvers, where a numerical approximation for the pressure and the velocity at t...


Traveling companions are object groups that move together in a period of time. In this paper, we introduce a special kind of traffic data stream, which is called Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) data. In order to quickly identify traveling companions on ANPR data stream, this paper proposes an analysis algorithm named COINCIDENT. Owing to the privacy and security of ANPR data stream, the algorithm is encapsulated as a data stream service. The main contributions include: 1) we consummate our previous stream data service model and design a traveling companion discovery service on the model. 2) the proposed COINCIDENT algorithm can instantly and continuously discover traveling companions on the live ANPR data stream. Final experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of our developed service.


An interesting role play for history students in classrooms is the enacting of the Middle Passage of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. The basic things that need to be done before enacting the role play are highlighted.


The theory of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements in China was theoretically organized during the Warring States period, became prevalent in many fields of politics, society and culture etc. in Han Dynasty, so was described in all the documents in a variety of way.
Among the documents of Han dynasty, the theory of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements was dealt importantly particularly in 『Huainanzi(淮南子)』, 『Chunqiu Fanlu (春秋繁露)』 and 『Baihu Tongyi(白虎通義)』. As for the characteristics of the theory of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements in those three books of Han dynasty, the diagraming of Sangsaeng and Sanggeuk of the Five Elements, the foundation of the theory of Saenggeukjehwa(生剋制化), was made, Sibeewunseongbeop and Wangsanghyususa of the Five Elements that can divide the force of the Five Elements were covered, the Five Elements were combined with Yin and Yang wholly by the assignment of wood(木), fire(火), metal(金), water(水) and earth(土) to So-Yang(少陽), Tae-Yang(太陽), So-Yin(少陰), Tae-Yin(太陰), and Jung-Gung(中宮) through the explanation of Sasang(四象, four images), diversification in the interpretation of earth(土) among the Five Elements led to the establishment of theories on earth(土), such as Sagyewolseol(四季月說, the theory of four seasons), 72ilgyehaseol(the theory of 72 days of late summer), 30ilgyehaseol(the theory of 30 days of late summer) and Towangsageyron(土王四季論, the theory of four seasons with earth as the king) because earth(土) was regarded as important during Han dynasty under the influence of Odeokjongsiseol(the theory of ending and beginning by five virtues) and a new theory was established through the description of Inwolsesu, the 24 divisions of the year and so on.


The cost of fuel and electricity dictates that plant utility systems be designed and operated with maximum efficiency. Computer programs exist for the optimum synthesis and design of steam systems, but there is a need for a computer program that optimizes the operation of steam systems. Such a program, under development by the authors is described.


India is one of the prominent markets now days. Besides urban and semi-urban areas,
rural India has a huge potential. Marketers need to understand the rural India in contrast to urban
India. The study has been carried out with a view to understand differences between rural and
urban households in terms of their preference for retail outlets, and preference for local vis-a-vis
out-of-town retailers. Three durable goods from three different product categories; Television
(entertainment product), Refrigerator (home appliance), and an Automobile (two-wheeler,
motorcycle and car/jeep) have been selected for study. A sample of 411 (204 from urban and
207 from rural areas) households across the Punjab state (India) have been selected on the
basis of non-probability convenience sampling. No significant differences could be observed
between the habitant groups for their preference of retailers. However there had been significant differences between these groups for their preferences for local vis-a-vis out-of-town retailers.


Objective image quality measure, evaluating the image quality consistently with human perception automatically, could be employed in image and video retrieval. And the measure with high efficiency and low computational complexity plays an important role in numerous image and video processing applications. On the assumption that any image's distortion could be modeled as the difference between the projection‐based values (PV) of reference image and the counterpart of distorted image, we propose a new objective quality assessment method based on signal projection for full reference model. The proposed metric is developed by simple parameters to achieve high efficiency and low computational complexity. Experimental results show that the proposed method is well consistent with the subjective quality score. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 18, 94–100, 2008


"Educational systems around the world are under increasing pressure to use the new information and communication technologies (ICT's) to teach students the knowledge and skills they need in the 21st century"(UNESCO 2002). The new technologies is seen as a cognitive tool that has the potential of encouraging inquiry based learning, reinforcing instructional concepts and fostering active and creative learning by engaging students in the process. If used effectively, these technologies have the potential to change the classroom dynamics and foster new pedagogical approaches. Technology plays a critical role in information society. In these societies, the stakeholders of educational policy redesign and reconstruct their educational systems based on the new educational paradigm such as constructivist theory so that both teachers and students develop the necessary knowledge and skills sought in this digital age. Government of India is focusing on approaches to integrate new technology in teaching and learning process to improve the quality of education at all levels. The National Policy on ICT at school levels is very strong step towards this. As above mentioned quote computers are not magic, but teachers are, the role of teachers in successful implementation of any programme is vital and cannot be undermined in anyway. Their attitude, their beliefs, their notions hold an important position.


The study investigates the influence of the lamination geometry on the building factor of stator magnetic cores, quantifying by experiments the influence of the punching and the annealing process. The research and the experimental activity are focused on small fractional power synchronous reluctance motors, where the punching process effect is expected to be very impacting, not only for the stator iron losses increase, but also because the current magnetizing component is dominant in the total adsorbed current. However, the obtained results are particularly interesting for any fractional and low power electric machines, whose cores are built with punched or laser-cut laminations.


This dissertation provides new insights about treatments and assessment for children who experienced traumatic events. We investigated the comparative effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) by means of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The results of this trial suggest that both treatments are effective and efficient. We did not find statistically significant between-group differences. The preparation of this RCT included the validation of an assessment tool for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children, the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA). We found that the Dutch version of this interview is valid and reliable. During our work on the RCT, DSM-5 criteria for PTSD became known. One major change was the inclusion of trauma-related cognitions in the criteria. Therefore two chapters of the dissertation focus on the effects of psychotherapy on trauma-related cognitions and the assessment of these cognitions in children. Meta-analytic results showed that trauma-focused therapy leads to the largest reduction of trauma-related cognitions. Our validation study of the Dutch version of the Child Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory showed that this instrument is a valid questionnaire that can help to assess trauma-related cognitions in children.


The transition of auxiliary lines for transmitting coding information has been one of the major obstacles to restricting the scalability of Sequence Switch Coding (SSC) algorithms. A new design of SSC which does not use auxiliary lines is presented in this paper. The new design makes overhead transitions far less than the previous designs that use auxiliary lines. By applying the new technique, more than 50% of overhead transitions have been reduced, leading to the increase of 30% of the overall efficiency of SSC algorithm.


This paper investigates and analyzes a typical multi-zone office building's annual energy performance for the location and climate data of central Belgrade. The aim is to evaluate the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system's and heat recovery unit's performance in order to conduct the most preferable heating and cooling solution for the typical climate of Belgrade city. The energy performance of four heating, ventilation and air conditioning system types (heat pump – air to air, gas-electricity, electrical and fan coil system) was analyzed, compared and evaluated on a virtual office building model in order to assess the total annual energy performance and to determine the efficiency of the heat recovery unit's application. Further, the parameters of an energy efficient building envelope, heating, ventilation and air conditioning system, internal loads, building operation schedules and occupancy intervals were implemented into the multi-zone analysis model. The investigation was conducted in EnergyPlus simulation engine using system thermodynamic algorithms and surface/air heat balance modules. The comparison and evaluation of the obtained results was achieved through the conversion of the calculated total energy demand into primary energy. The goal is conduct the most preferable heating and cooling solution (best case scenario) for the climate of Belgrade city and outline major criteria in qualitative enhancement.


Smart toys have captured an increasing share of the toy market, and are growing ubiquitous in households with children. Smart toys are a subset of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, containing sensors, actuators, and/or artificial intelligence capabilities. They frequently have Internet connectivity, directly or indirectly through companion apps, and collect information about their users and environments. Recent studies have found security flaws in many smart toys that have led to serious privacy leaks, or allowed tracking a child's physical location. Some well-publicized discoveries of this nature have prompted actions from governments around the world to ban some of these toys. Compared to other IoT devices, smart toys pose unique risks because of their easily vulnerable user base, and this paper is intended to define these risks and assess a subset of toys against them. We provide a classification of threats specific to smart toys in order to unite and complement existing adhoc analyses, and help comprehensive evaluation of other smart toys. Our vulnerability taxonomy addresses the potential security and privacy flaws that can lead to leakage of private information or allow an adversary to control the toy to lure, harm, or distress a child. Using this taxonomy, we perform a thorough experimental analysis of eleven smart toys and their companion apps. Our systematic analysis has uncovered that several current toys still expose children to multiple threats for attackers with physical, nearby, or remote access to the toy.


This paper studies the feasibility to reduce 3-DOF (degree-of-freedom) vibration using 3-PRRP(4r) parallel mechanism with MR dampers. In this system, some equipment or instruments are mounted on a platform stabilized by the 3-PRRP(4r) parallel mechanism, while the base platform of the mechanism itself is fixed on oscillating table which can provide various vibration signals. A semi-active structure for the non-linear 3-DOF system is proposed with magnet-orheological fluid damper (MRFD) substituting the three actuators of the mechanism. Self-adaptive fuzzy control arithmetic is proposed to adjust the three MR dampers. For studying the effectiveness of the semi-active control system, an experimental prototype is manufactured including the MR damper. Experiment results are illustrated with the on controlled and off controlled responses of the stabilized platform. It shows the semi-active system is very effective to reducing multi-dim (multiple dimensions) vibration.


Murundus are small earthmounds, previously thought to be built by termites. The author proposes that they are, in the areas studied, residual features formed by differential erosion, although they may later be occupied by termites.


State vectors were introduced into the conventional method for the axis-symmetrical bending problems of cylindrical shells. The control differential equations were converted to one-order differential equations, with state space equations established for the axis-symmetrical bending problems of cylindrical shells. The system matrix is a symplectic matrix, so the numerical results with higher accuracies can be obtained using the precise integration method. The proposed method can be applied to the axis-symmetrical bending problems in cylindrical shells in elastic foundations or with variable thicknesses, which is simple and uniform in calculation, and convenient for application.


The high switching speed of the SiC MOSFET significantly elevates the power density of the converter. However, it also results in undesired switching issues and challenges the safe operating area of the SiC MOSFET. Limited by the fixed gate resistance, the traditional gate driver generally fails to simultaneously manage all switching issues, such as switching loss, overshooting, ringing, delay, and crosstalk. In this paper, to characterize the controllable switching behavior of the SiC MOSFET, mathematical models dominated by the gate resistance are created. Moreover, to independently regulate each interval of the switching trajectory, a co-optimized active gate driver (AGD) with variable resistance is proposed. Comparative experiments are carried out to verify the proposed solution. It is concluded that, by deploying the AGD, the switching trajectory of the SiC MOSFET can be coordinately customized to mitigate the switching issues.


The reduce the effects of losses, due to the reflection of RF signals from the receiver (connected to circulators) in 5G massive MIMO base station, an N-channel MOSFET have been proposed as a solution. In the proposed model, theoretical relationships between drain current and source current of the N-channel MOSFET have been used. Simulation experiment has been performed to verify the correctness in operation, consistency, and theoretical relationship between the sources and drain current. The experiment closely monitored the values of drain and source current at different reflection condition under appropriate gate voltage. To monitor these parameters, the peak voltage component of the reflected power at each chosen instance were calculated and its equivalent direct current voltage value was applied to the drain terminal of the MOSFET. This research focuses on examining the consistency of the parameters and theories used for the MOSFET based absorber under different reflection condition from ports of circulators in 5G base stations.


After 4G network becomes a global commercial success, the researchers are now looking at the future 5G technologies, both in standardization bodies and in research projects. Researchers find that the security architecture used in 4G can not satisfy the needs of 5G. Some researchers proposed a kind of unified network security architecture which we find it inflexible. In this paper, we will propose a more flexible hierarchical security architecture which can be adjusted to the needs of the application scenarios of 5G-eMBB, mMTC and URLLC. Under this architecture, we will introduce a cross-layer light weight authentication scheme and a novel physical layer security assisted encryption scheme which is based on both the key streams and the channel information in f-OFDM system.


The antibacterial activity of the leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum was evaluated against isolates of E. coli, S, aureus. P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis using agar-diffusion assay. Extraction was achieved using maceration method and the extract further fractionated by column chromatography. The antibacterial properties of both the extract and the column fractions were separately determined against the test isolates. Results of the antibacterial screening revealed that the extract of O. gratissimum exhibited some degree of antibacterial activity against isolates of E. coli and B. subtilis but showed no activity against isolates of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The column fractions (F A - F E ), however, showed no antimicrobial activity against the test microorganisms. The probable antimicrobial activity of the plant is likely to be associated with its volatile oil content.

Key words: Ocimum gratissimum, antibacterial activity, leaf extract, column fractions.
 Bio-Research Vol.1(1) 2003: 35-42


The analysis of LDF-basal blood flow of the skin of the 2 nd finger of the hand in right-handed and left-handed female students was carried out. LDF-grams were recorded by zoning the tissue with laser radiation in the red and infrared range. It was established that in right-handers the constant component of basal perfusion of the skin and the intensity of blood flow are significantly inadequate compared to left-handed people, the temporal variability of basal perfusion is more pronounced in the surface layer of the skin and less in the deep one. In lefties, the neurogenic tone of the microcirculatory bed of the skin is higher and the instability of basal blood flow in the deep layer of the skin is highest. The left-handed female students in both layers of the skin have a higher muscle tone and a shunting index of microvessels. Right-handed people tend to increase the maximum amplitude of epithelial, neurogenic, myogenic, respiratory and pulse fluctuations of basal blood flow, which indicates a high activity of the mechanisms of perfusion regulation in the microcirculatory bed of the skin of the 2 nd finger of the right hand.


The sign that something is happening contribute for the patient recognize something strange is happening with him. The recognize do that the subject may perform a active function and be a collaborate element of their recovery process. Each disease presents, however, different symptoms, once that each psychiatric illness consists in different disorders with several effects under the mental function. This way, the insight phenomenon recorded in each illness is different and expressed under different ways, not only do to clinical manifestations of the illness but also to the subject individual characteristics.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Bushen Huoxue Tongluo(BSHXTL) method in treating chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) and to explore its mechanism.Methods 79 CAA patients were randomly divided into two groups.In the treated group 39 patients were treated with western medicine,while 39 patients of the control group with Chinese traditional BSHXTL method and western medicine.The levels of plasma sFas and sFasL were assayed with ELISA technique before and after treatment,respectively.Results The cure rate,remission rate,total effective rate of the treated group were 37.50%,25.00%,87.50% respectively,those of the control group were 20.51%,17.95%,61.54% respectively.Plasma sFas level in CAA before treatment was obviously lower than that in health people(P0.01),but the sFas level increased significantly after treatment(P0.05).The difference was significant compared with control group(P0.01).Conclusions The clinical effect of BSHXTL method on CAA is good and its toxic side effect is small.It is suggested that BSHXTL method might adjust immune function to inhibit apoptosis in hematopoietic stem cells of CAA patients.


Few dairies have been adequately to meet changing times. Layouts of the 1960's seldom can be efficiently remodeled to meet today's needs. Society's expectations and environmental demands of the 1970's may tend to ineffectuate today's systems. Continuing expansion should be planned for. Most designers plan around a system that starts with cows, adds feed, and produces milk. Maybe they look in the wrong direction for needed results. Manure is the most voluminous product of a dairy; milk the most profitable. What will be their disposition? How many production units (cows) will these outlets allow for? How will these units be operated and managed? What will be the form and availability of raw products, Of nonmaterial inputs? And of management? Products of a large should be the criteria of design for a constrained area. The cow management system that will produce these products can be described, a space allocation made, structures and facilities determined. Finally, the inputs to keep the system functional are...


This paper is a theoretical comparison between two different points of view about microcredit. First we have the Grameen Bank, with a slant toward the social component of microcredit and on the other hand, Ohio School, with a pragmatic approach, which seeks the expansion of the financial system among the population "less poor among the poor". It is concluded that both positions converge on the need for poverty reduction, but differ mainly in running micro-credit and the population target of the micro-credit.


This paper presents a mobile 3D coordinate measuring system for large scale metrology. This system is composed of a network of rotating laser automatic theodolites (N-RLATs) and a portable touch probe. In the N-RLAT system, each RLAT consists of two laser fans which rotate about its own Z axis at a constant speed and scan the whole metrology space. The optical sensors mounted on the portable touch probe receive the sweeping laser fans and generate the corresponding pulse signals, which establish a relationship between rotating angle of laser fan and time, and then the space angle measurement is converted into the corresponding peak time precision measurement of pulse signal. The rotating laser fans are modeled mathematically as a time varying parametrical vector in its local framework. A two steps on-site calibration method for solving the parameters of each RLAT and coordinate transformation among the N-RLATs. The portable probe is composed of optical sensors array with specified geometrical features and a touch point, on which the coordinates of optical sensors is determined by the N-RLATs and the touch point is estimated by solving a non-linear system. A prototype mobile 3D coordinate measuring system is developed and experiment results show its validity.


The soot formation characteristics of ethylene diffusion flames have been experimentally investigated in order to understand the synergistic effect of oxygenated fuel. The role of methyl radical and/or oxygenated species assisted pyrolysis on the soot formation process could explain the increase of soot volume fraction with DME or ethanol mixed to ethylene. The addition of N₂O to ethylene fuel only enhances the soot formation process that is similar to the pure oxygen addition case. However, the addition of oxygenated species might reduce the soot amount in oxidation region, and therefore, it might suppress the overall soot formation process in turbulent flames.


The characteristics of the science technology work determine that time management is an important aspect of science technology research management.Seen from the nature of time,the efficiency of management in fact is the efficiency of the utilization of time.The time management of science technology professionals should follow the principles of planning,saving,and efficiency′ effectiveness.The methods include ABC control,Eisenhower′ s,and time′ value elastic analysis as well.The time management is supposed to be improved as time flows,which requires the science technology professionals to master the skills of time management,to understand the relationship between time management and business process reengineering,to make good use of the time-saving scientific technological products.


It is now widely publicized that Latinos are one of the most disproportionately affected communities by the 2008 recession. At the same time that Latinos have one of the highest unemployment rates in the U.S., they also have the highest foreclosure rates due in great part to subprime mortgages. In this essay the authors ask: How are Latinos represented as a significant force in the financial crisis? In particular, what are the media narratives constructed around Latinos and the subprime mortgage meltdown? In order to answer these questions, the authors analyzed the coverage of Latinos in the subprime mortgage crisis in both English- and Spanish-language print news from 2008–2011. Overall, the authors analyzed the news coverage using a transcultural political economic framework, paying close attention to the ways that Latinos are treated as postcolonial subjects. The analysis of media narratives shows how the crisis of the subprime is in fact part of a historical legacy of exclusionary property ownership, racialized segregation, and the continuous exploitation of Latin America through its people. Ultimately, the authors argue that such legacies are evident in the different ways Latinos are constructed in English- and Spanish-language news media regarding the subprime mortgage crisis.


The earwig Anisolabis maritima is a cosmopolitan insect with a worldwide distribution, omnivorous in feeding, eating the eggs of different insects. Recently recorded in Saudi Arabia as a beneficial predator on eggs and newly hatched larvae of the red palm weevil Rhyncophrous ferrugineus, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed the presence of different kinds of receptor sensillae occurring on the head and mouth parts of A. maritime. The sensillae are the same, but differ in numbers on both sexes. The head surface bears three subtypes of trichoid sensillae, one type of ceoloconica. Labrum, labium, labial palps and maxillary palps, possess different kinds of sensillae. Three subtypes of trichoid have been identified on the labrum. The labium contained one type of tricoid and basiconic sensillae. There are great numbers and numerous sensillae cheatica differing in length distributed on the maxillary and the labial palps on all segments between other stutter spines. The last terminal segment of maxillary or labial palps bears the greatest number of the sensillae cheatica. Adult A. maritima may be introduced in the future as a beneficial predator of eggs of R. ferrugineus as a tool for integrated pest management.


The effect of itaconic acid (IA) content on the weight loss, exothermic characteristics and rate of cyclization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in air was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction measurements. It is found that the evolved heat and weight loss all exhibit a minimum at 4.3?w/% with increase of IA, indicating a low rate of cyclization and lowest weight loss and evolved heat.


A SENIOR nurse who was paid less than her male counterparts secured an out of court settlement believed to be worth thousands of pounds last week.


The need for satellite navigation technology, with its capability to provide real time positioning using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has increased tremendously over the years. However, the positioning accuracy tends to degrade as the baseline increases. The degradation comes from different sources of errors, amongst which is the ionospheric error in the signal propagation. During geomagnetic storm, ionospheric scintillations can rapidly vary amplitude and phase of GPS signal or result to loss of lock on a satellite and if enough satellites are affected it can result to loss of positioning services. During the field tests, GPS measurements were taken when the kp-index was at the highest. Two stations observations were used. The first is the observations collected from the vicinity of a base GPS station, while the second observation is from the user's GPS receiver. With the aid of radio link, data from the user station was sent to an independent computer which is connected to the base station. Both observations from the base GPS station and the user's station were processed simultaneously implementing double differencing method and the LAMBDA method to correct the integer ambiguities in the carrier phase, the tests were processed using ionospheric weight technique. The formulated algorithms and data were processed using Matlab. With the use of stochastic model and an implementation of an extended Kalman filter bad data were accounted for and eliminated. The end result yields a millimetre level positioning.


Remind people to pay attention to it,The most influential scientific journal of the 2017, science,Points out the articles in the journal Science,It proves Cui Hailong's theory more than 20 years ago.The latest experiment introduced in this article is a big step in the right direction.


The Riga supermarket tragedy in November prompted the resignation of the Latvian prime minister and the fall of the country's government. As Licia Cianetti writes, the resignation was largely rooted in party political and ethnic divisions within Latvia, rather than in the tragedy itself. She argues that the upcoming European Parliament and Latvian Parliament elections in 2014 will test whether Latvian politics will remain ethnically divided, or whether the country can make a transition into a stronger left-right political system.


Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to man. The earliest unambiguous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis occurred in an extinct species of bison more than 17,000 years ago [1]. Alt...


A new security inspection networking system, meeting objectives and functions required by the scheme of flow renovation of security inspection (FRSI) from Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), was first developed and quickly deployed in many airports in China in the 1990's for 100% checked bag screening. During these years, the system was modified and retrofitted to integrate data from different inspection equipment, together packed with data of passenger and screener. This guarantees the consistency of the images and relevant passengers and keep screeners highly alert on duty. A broad marketing demand is still existed nowadays due to its special advantages. Although newly developed screening equipment such as advanced technology (AT) equipment and explosive detection system (EDS) have been widely used today, we still face the challenge of building a networked security inspection management system for all enforcement departments in airport. More work should be done to meet the needs and the forward steps never stop.


Although the tendency of American corporations to decrease rates of research and development (RD M.S. 1982, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, J.D. 1993, Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California, Berkeley. I would like to thank Professors Melvyn A. Eisenberg and Einer R. Elhauge and the participants in the Corporate Legal Theory Seminar at Boalt Hall for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this article. I would also like to thank my parents, Carl and Gilda Cherensky, for their long-term investment in my own "R&D." COMPUTER & HIGH TECHNOLOGY LAW JOURNAL expense of long-term investments, and on the wave of corporate restructurings of the 1980s said to be motivated by such short-term thinking. This article, however, looks at the theory and data of corporate R&D spending, and determines that the "myopic investor" model is seriously flawed. An alternative explanation for corporate underinvestment in R&D is proposed, based on the divergence of interests between shareholders and managers, or "agency costs." This agency cost model suggests that while shareholders-at least fully diversified shareholders-prefer a high level of R&D investment, such investment is not in the best interests of corporate managers. The agency cost model is supported, and the "myopic investor" model refuted, by the empirical data discussed in the article. The choice of a model explaining corporate underinvestment in R&D is, of course, more than an academic question. An accurate model must form the basis for any effective governmental efforts aimed at increasing private R&D spending. The article looks at corporate restructuring as an example of the importance of the predictive ability of models. If the "myopic investor" model is correct, then corporate restructurings will harm R&D spending, and should be discouraged by measures such as antitakeover legislation. If, however, agency costs are to blame, then restructurings, which tend to reduce agency costs by displacing entrenched managers, ought not to be discouraged.


3C 212 (Q0855+143) is a red quasar with ambiguous evidence for strong low-energy X-ray absorption in its ROSAT spectrum (Elvis et al. 1994). We combine Einstein and ROSAT data with ultraviolet absorption-line strengths to investigate the physical state of the absorber. We find that a highly ionized absorber (U approximately 0.3) provides a consistent fit to both X-ray and UV data as well as providing a significantly improved fit to the X-ray spectrum. The absorber is outflowing with a velocity of approximately 1600 km/sec with respect to the Mg II emission line, situated outside the broad emission-line region (BELR) and has low density. The alternative blackbody fit to the X-ray data is excluded if the source has not varied, and it is also unable to predict the UV absorption lines. This is the second case of an X-ray absorber identified with a UV absorber (the first one being 3C 351; Mathur et al. 1994) and suggests that UV/X-ray absorbers may be common. This is an exciting possibility as the combination of UV and X-ray constraints is very powerful in determining the physical conditions of an absorber.


The Madras War Cemetery (1939-1945) is a celebration of war dead laid to rest in St. Thomas Mount in the border of Madras known for its history and heritage. The cemetery, one among the 34 of its kind in India, is meant to keep alive the memories of soldiers, sailors, and airmen–from Australia, Burma, Canada, India, New Zealand, Poland, the United Kingdom, and West Africa–who served in garrisons and died in India on their way to battle fields in far off places to fight in the Second World War on behalf of the (British) Commonwealth of Nations. They died "thousands of miles away from their hearth and home, leaving a void in their families and a trail of grief" but their mortal remains found a haven in the Madras War Cemetery.


As one of three academic mainstays in university,library is an important place for imparting information,acquiring knowledge,comprehending new scientific and technical trends.Utilization of library collection is a main benchmark to assess quality of library collection and service.By analyzing factors that affects the utilization,this essay tried to give suggestions to improve it.


This paper explores the criteria shippers employ in the port selection process. By focusing on the containerized traffic between the North American Mid-West and Western Europe, the factors considered by exporters and freight forwarders are examined. The findings suggest that decision-makers are influenced more by price and service considerations of land and ocean carriers than by perceived differences in the ports of entry and exit. Port infrastructures do not appear to play an important role in the routeing decisions made by an important group of independent businesses involved in the North Atlantic container trade.


In higher vocational colleges,Mathematics teaching reforms must consider and analyses comprehensively the characteristics of Mathematics,the characteristics of students' thought,the students' knowledge level,training objectives of the major,the future development of the students and the change of the jobs as well as the function of the Mathematics,thinking training and the function of the culture quality education.Thus we can have an overall view of the role of the knowledge points and know where the key points and difficult points are and allocate time reasonably.


This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 31394, "An Electrifying Integrated Solution Toward a Safe and Environmentally Sound Well Abandonment in an Urban Setting," by Syah I. Mohamad and Lambertus C. Joppe, SPE, Baker Hughes. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2022 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

 In the Netherlands, many onshore wells are near urban areas or close to forests where emissions and noise reduction are important to consider. A depth of collaboration is required to ensure minimal impact upon the local community and the environment. The operator, together with Baker Hughes as the project management lead, formulated a low-impact solution with fully electrified equipment that mostly uses grid power.

 The project consists of plugging and abandoning (P&A) onshore oil and gas wells in 23 locations across the Netherlands. The main objective is to abandon all planned wells without any remaining liabilities; reduce cost burdens upon taxpayers; and minimize the impact on people, environments, and assets (PEA).
 Before the execution phase, the wells are categorized as simple or complex. The work may consist of a range of services such as slickline, electric line, cementing, pressure pumping, and downhole fishing and can include cutting, pulling, and milling. These services are provided as an integrated well-abandonment campaign with a single point of contact—the project manager.
 A typical well consists of a single 3½-in. or 4½-in. production tubing, 7-in. or 7⅝-in. production 9⅝-in. intermediate casing, and 13⅜-in. surface casings. Wells are approximately 3000 m deep, with some having well-integrity issues requiring annular remediation. Because these wells are more than 50 years old, the wellheads generally have a distinct set of challenges before well entry.
 A typical well P&A sequence would require installing a mechanical plug by slickline and setting a cement plug to provide the primary barrier. A second phase of well P&A may consist of cutting and retrieving tubings and casings. In some wells, cement remediation is required before retrieving the conductors to restore well integrity and establish a competent barrier envelope during P&A. The latest annular remediation methods were applied to this project, such as perforate, wash, and cement; and perforate, circulate, and cement and section milling.
 This subsurface work is not possible without the use of a hydraulic workover unit (HWU). The HWU capabilities for this project must meet the criteria of well P&A activities to be conducted while several optimizations are considered at the same time, such as footprint reduction; quick, efficient site-to-site and well-to-well moves; and minimal tripping time.

 A well P&A design often involves contingency measures to minimize any chance of failure within the primary design. For example, a secondary well-barrier envelope is prescribed in addition to the primary envelope in the unlikely event that the primary envelope is compromised at any point after execution.


Domain sizes in demagnetized samples are reported for polycrystalline films of thickness down to 30 nm and for thin single crystal weges of pure and Co/Ti doped BaM hexaferrites. The results compare well with domain theory which is amended by taking into account results of micromagnetic computations.


Wind tunnel tests were performed on a rigid model of a cantilevered roof with different angles.With an aspect ratio of 1:50,the model was equipped with 128 pairs of pressure taps covering both roof surfaces.With an electronic pressure scanning system,wind pressures were measured in a near simultaneous manner.Time histories of the wind pressure were obtained from the simultaneous pressure signals.The objective was to investigate the generation mechanism of wind pressure and standard deviation of wind pressure.The results suggested that the distribution of roof pressures was largely governed by the flow separation patterns on the roof surfaces.Besides,the system of the beams supporting the roofs was calculated.


From the nineteen sixties research has been done at the Institute of Road Transport of TNO into the possibilities of injury prevention in automobile collisions. Much has been attained already, in particular the safety belt by which many lives are saved. In this article special attention is given to side collision which is considered by the industry as a main problem in the near future. TNO has developed a new anthropometric dummy for research in this field. Other research carried out at the institute is also mentioned. (TRRL)


Nor did I say, as Richard Hofstadter did in the work cited by Mr. Slive, that "the effect of Dewey's philosophy on the design of curricular systems was devastating." Indeed, much of the second chapter of my book The Troubled Crusade consists of an effort to rescue Dewey from his overzealous disciples, whom Dewey felt compelled to rebuke in Experience and Education in 1938. The case I was making in this article was directed not against Dewey, but against the anti-intellectualism and utilitarianism of the pedagogical mainstream. I made no effort here to decipher the nature of Dewey's influence on that mainstream, a task already well performed by Lawrence A. Cremin in The Transformation of the School. I think it fair to say that the conventional wisdom of the profession for much of this century has reflected extensive misuse and misinterpretation of Dewey's ideas.


Background: Long-term use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) has a hypothetical role in the development of fundic gland polyps (FGP) what are the most common hyperplastic, non-dysplastic type of gastric polyps. Clinical importance of FGP remained controversial. Moreover the extensive use of PPIs in GERD and Barrett metaplasia indicate to pay more attention to this pathologic condition. Patients (pts) and methods: Reviewing the clinical charts and the endoscopic records between 01.01.2006–01.01.2008 (12760 endoscopies) altogether 117 cases (0.9%) with FGP were diagnosed (82 women, 35 men, age: 58.2±14.60 years). Histology did not reveal any dysplasia in FGPs. The indications of endoscopies were reflux symptoms in 68% (80/117) and dyspepsia in 32% of pts (37/117). Previous PPI treatment was explored in 71% (83/117). H.p. infection was proved only in 1 pt at the time of endoscopy, previous successful H.p. eradication was done in 4 pts. In addition to FGP, endoscopy revealed NERD in 40 pts (34%), ERD in 24 pts (21%) and Barrett metaplasia in 12 pts (10%). Histologically proven biliary reflux was diagnosed in 65 pts (56%). No malignant disorders were diagnosed at the time of endoscopy in the examined 117 FGP pts. Conclusions: At the time of detection, FGPs were not associated with gastric malignancy. Our results support the hypothesis, that long-term PPI treatment and duodenogastric reflux may be promoting factors in the development of FGP.


Since the inception of the U.S. national space program, power level requirements have been increasing steadily at about 100 watts per year for both civilian and mil i tary satellites. at about the same rate; however recent shuttle and shuttle follow-on planning activities (ref. 1 ,2 ,3) have introduced the eventual need for very large, multipurpose space platforms to be deployed. This would resul t in a s tep function in individual satellite power level requirements, demands for higher total energy requirements, and the need for different approaches to designing power systems for indefinite lifetime operation and periodic servicing and maintenance. Some of the proposed multipurpose space platforms could require power levels of over 200 kW. course, another massive s tep function would occur in space power requirements. The demand could be expected to increase


CdS nanorods were synthesized with solvothermal method,in which the influence of solvent and sulfur source was observed.CdS was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)and UV-Vis absorption spectrum respectively.The results showed that CdS nanorods were synthesized successfully with ethylenediamine as solvents,moreover,lengths of CdS nanorods synthesized by different sulfur sources are obviously different,which was assumed to be related to hydrolytic release S2-mechanism of the sulfur source.


Structural defects play an important role in the optimization of material structures and properties, especially in low-dimensional systems such as two-dimensional (2D) materials. In this work, we investigated the formation, aggregation, and diffusion of vacancy defects in atomically thin black phosphorus (BP) via in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Vacancy defects including di-vacancies (DVs), vacancy clusters (e.g. tetra-vacancy and TV), and vacancy lines were confirmed as the primary forms of structural defects in BP. DV and TV defects were found to be highly mobile. The defects preferentially diffused and migrated along the diagonal and in a zigzag pattern (rather than an armchair pattern). After prolonged thermal excitation and electron-beam irradiation, all these as-formed vacancies tended to aggregate and line up parallel to the zigzag pattern direction to form extended vacancy lines with a total length reaching hundreds of nanometers or even the micrometer scale. Ab initio calculations were conducted to reveal the vacancy migration pathway, energy landscape, and modifications to the electronic structure of the host BP monolayers (MLs). It was found that the migration of a 5-8-5 DV was accomplished via sequential structural transformations including several transitions and intermediate configurations, such as 5-7-7-5 DVs. The associated migration barriers were determined as 2.1 eV for diagonal migration and 2.6 eV along the zigzag path, respectively. Calculations further confirmed that the presence of vacancy defects induced considerable electronic structure modification of the host ML-BP; for example, the bandgap was reduced from 0.9 eV (for defect-free ML-BP) to 0.7 eV in the presence of vacancy lines with a concentration of 1.2 at.%. The present study expands the current understanding of the formation and dynamic behaviors of primary vacancy defects and illustrates methods available to alter the electronic structures of 2D BP materials. It can further serve as a guideline for the function-oriented design and fabrication of BP-based devices via precisely controlled defect engineering.


The following article is a study about counsellors working with terminally ill patients receiving Palliative care. In an effort to understand their role in the Palliative team and how they particip ...


The aim of the present study was to show how intertextuality could be a viable approach to determine the intended meaning of words in religious texts such as the Holy Quran. In order to do just this, the researcher selected two Quranic words to be the data of the study. These were "الخشية"( al- x shiah ) and الخوف (al-xawf). The study argues that the former effected internally (i.e. stemming from the human being himself/herself), but "الخوف"( al - x awf ) is created by either an internal or external force (i.e. stemming from the human being himself/herself or from external factors). Furthermore, "الخوف" ( al-x awf ) reflects a real feeling of panic, which causes the heart to pump quickly, butالخشية" "( al - x shiah ) does not reflect such a feeling. Finally, we dare to make the claim that who does not fear يخاف""( yax af ) Allah will be punished but who does not يخشى"  "( yax sha )Allah will not be punished.


Findings
The framework worked well with two of the firms analysed and failed with the third firm. The case study results enable a first evaluation of the implementation requirements that are essential for implementing EMCS in SMEs.


This manuscript presents a classification scheme for atmospheric particle shrinkage events based on a 3.5-year field measurement dataset in an urban background site in Spain. As particle shrinkage events have been sporadically reported in only a handful of studies, this long-term dataset provides a unique opportunity to thoroughly study the types and possible reasons of particle shrinkage. As such, the study subject falls within C9182


This essay tries to show how social sciences have become increasingly interdependent of each other, especially how history now interacts with sciences such as anthropology, sociology, psychology and literature.


Speech is generated by the co-ordination of various anatomical articulations known collectively as the vocal organs. The waveforms thus produced are either voiced or unvoiced speech. All the vowel sounds are voiced and have the sound source, the glottis. An amplification caused by the vocal tract filter is called resonance, and in speech these resonance are known as formants. Since each vowel has a different vocal tract shape, it will have a different format pattern. This paper is an attempt to analyze the vowels in SHAI`YÂNG MIRI language using the formant analysis. Analysis of the eight cardinal vowel speech samples in SHAI`YÂNG MIRI language is performed using formants, spectrogram, 19-channel auditory filter bank and through normalization of vowels. General Terms Speech Processing and Analysis, Speech Synthesis


As opposed to the industrial sector, where the structural convergence is in a continuous process of development, having a satisfactory intensity, the tertiary sector doesn't enjoy the same privileges, being able to find here the biggest gap from a macro-economic point of view. It is well-known the fact that the services' sector is the most important sector of the global economy, in a continuous positive dynamic. In this sector is concentrated the biggest part of the production and the work force from the vast majority of the developed enterprises. For example, two thirds of the total aggregated production from the OECD countries corresponds to the services' activities. In the case of the active work force attracted by the tertiary sector in these countries, we can say that it represents 70%. In the case of the EU 15 countries also, we come across this situation.


We investigate similarities in the micro-structural dynamics between externally driven and actively driven nematics. Walls, lines of strong deformations in the director field, and topological defects are characteristic features of an active nematic. Similar structures form in driven passive nematics when there are inhomogeneities in imposed velocity gradients due to nonlinear flow fields or geometrical constraints. Specifically, pressure driven flow of a tumbling passive nematic in an expanding–contracting channel produces walls and defects similar to those seen in active nematics. We also study the response of active nematics to external driving, confirming that imposed shear suppresses the hydrodynamic instabilities. We show that shear fields can lead to wall alignments and the localisation of active turbulence.


Contact: Stratum Corneum 2004 c/o MCI France, 11 Rue de Solférino – 75007 Paris – France Tel: þ331 53 858258 Fax: þ33 1 538582 83 e.mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Main topics: Anatomy and physiology Investigative methods, new approach Percutaneous absorption and Barrier function Dermatological aspects Cosmetics aspects Australasian Society for Dermatology Research (ASDR) 15 May 2004, Sydney, Australia


This paper describes a simulator for GSM/GPRS designed and developed on our own. It simulates users mobility, wave propagation and the mechanisms for GSM/GPRS, such as channel allocation, packets scheduling, power control, handoff, and so on. The simulation examples show that this simulator can be used to estimate some main measures reflecting the networks performance, such as blocked ratio, dropped ratio, channel utility, average rate of data transmission and so on. It also can be used to analyze the influence of different networks parameters and algorithms on the networks performance. ;;;


Basing on statistical processing of the data on Indian subcontinent climate available in the USSR the estimates have boon obtained of geographical distribution of temperature and precipitation fields with changing mean annual surface air temperature of the northern hemisphere.

Signs of changes of surface air temperature averaged over the hemisphere and these over India are usually the same. But it appears, 1hat for every season there exist regions on the subcontinent where the probability of such events is less than 0.5. In summer (Jun-Aug) the area of these regions is maximum. They Include northern, northwestern and central parts of the subcontinent.

It is shown that an increase in mean annual surface air temperature of the northern hemisphere is accompanied by an increase of precipitation totals over the entire India, specially along the western coast of the subcontinent. However, to obtain the detailed rainfall pattern associated with global thermal regime changes, a more comprehensive analysis is needed.


Scientific approaches to the implementation of the concept of transparency in the field of public policy are revealed, when processes of enhancing the role and importance of information both for society as a whole and in the life of every citizen occur in the globalization space. An etymological analysis of the terms "concept" and "transparency" is made. The conceptual definition of the "concept of transparency", the basic mechanisms and tools for the implementation of these ideological reference points in the activities of the public administration system as a whole and in certain spheres of public life are defined. The scientific approaches to the definition of the concepts "concept" and "transparency" are investigated, on the basis of which an own definition of the concept "concept of transparency" is provided. The conceptual features of the principle of public policy transparency have been reviewed. The main constituent elements of the principle of transpa-


The utility model provides an integrated IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) module of a high-power converter, which has convenience in maintenance and assembly, and can reduce stray inductance and solve the problem of poor heat radiation of an IGBT power module. The IGBT module comprises a base, a direct-current side supporting capacitor, an IGBT power module, a heat-radiating slice, a direct-current side bus anode copper bar, a direct-current side bus cathode copper bar and an alternating-current side output copper bar, wherein an anode and a cathode of the direct-current side supporting capacitor are respectively connected with the direct-current side bus anode copper bar and the direct-current side bus cathode copper bar, the direct-current end of the IGBT power module is connected with the direct-current side bus anode copper bar and the direct-current side bus cathode copper bar respectively, the alternating-current end of the IGBT power module is connected with the alternating-current side output copper bar; the direct-current side bus anode copper bar, the direct-current side bus cathode copper bar and the alternating-current side output copper bar are respectively installed on the surface of the base, both opposite side surfaces of the base are communicated to form a heat-radiating air channel, the direct-current side supporting capacitor and the heat-radiating slice are respectively installed at both sides of the heat-radiating air channel, the IGBT power module is in contact with the heat-radiating slice, and the extending direction of the heat-radiating slice is the same as the direction of the heat-radiating air channel.


Objective : The goal of this project was to investigate how driving anxiety changes over time in young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) when using a driving simulator technology. Additional exploratory measures were collected on duration of participation, stopping distance and reaction time. Methods: Six young adults with developmental disabilities (DD) and eight typically developing teenagers (TD) were recruited from the Faison Center and Richmond community to participate in an ongoing driving simulator pilot study. All participants (N = 14) completed a four part protocol consisting of driving simulator exercises and coursework modeled from the Virginia DMV's learner's permit prep materials. A self-report driving anxiety questionnaire was delivered to parents and clients at baseline and after completion of the study (TD n = 6; DD n = 3). Results: Overall trends in means were used to assess driving anxiety from pre to post. Self-report anxiety measures for the participants revealed a decrease in anxious feelings about driving and an increase in worry about losing control behind the wheel over time, compared to parents who self-reported an increase in anxiety for both. DD participants required a greater mean number of sessions ( t(12) = -5.36, p < .001) and a greater mean session duration in minutes ( t(12) = -4.38, p = .001) to complete training, compared to the TD participants. Stopping distances, at three different speeds, revealed no significant differences between groups. Reaction time, using pedals versus steering, also revealed no significant differences between groups. Conclusions: Although the multi-item self-report driving anxiety scale had poor psychometric properties, for example low internal consistency, the overall trends in mean reported anxiety revealed that participants showed an increase and decrease in driving anxiety (for the items analyzed) compared to parents who reported increased driving anxiety. These results have DRIVING ANXIETY IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH AUTISM 4 implications for training people with DD to drive and reduce driving anxiety, which may improve driving performance. DRIVING ANXIETY IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH AUTISM 5 Driving Anxiety in Young People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Driving Simulator Pilot Study The goal of this investigation was to better understand anxious driving behavior in teenagers with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). First, it is important to describe both anxiety and driving behaviors in novice drivers. The two groups, typically developing teenagers and teenagers with developmental disabilities (DD), were selected for this study based on the shared comorbidity of ASD and anxiety. It is hypothesized that both groups, developmental disabilities and typically developing, will report initial levels of driving anxiety, but the DD group will show no change from pre to post compared to the TD group who will show decreased anxiety. However, it is important to understand ASD and the characteristics that may affect a person learning to drive. Other exploratory questions are included to assess group differences in (1) pre assessment skills, (2) duration of participation, (3) stopping distance, and (4) reaction time. I first provide a general overview of generalized anxiety disorder and how anxiety can be expressed in various ways. Driving related anxiety and fears are of greatest interest here. Next, research using driving simulator technologies will be reviewed to show the gap in the literature surrounding driving and driver's related anxiety--particularly the gap in driving research among the autism population. Comorbidities with anxiety will be reviewed, with an emphasis on ASD and the characteristics that accompany people on the spectrum. This information will transition into the present study, which is aimed at filling the gap in analyzing the intersection between driving anxiety, simulated driving research and the autism population. Generalized Anxiety Disorder DRIVING ANXIETY IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH AUTISM 6 Occasional anxiety is an expected part of life. It is normal to feel anxious in response to dangerous or new situations. However, those who are plagued with constant worry and nervousness that does not go away and worsens over time suffer from something greater. Anxiety disorders can present themselves as five major types. The most common, as defined by the current Diagnostic Statistical Manual ( DSM-5), is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or excessive and hindering worry, occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, accompanied by a variety of physical or cognitive symptoms ( Agrawl, Heath, & Lynskey, 2011; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Individuals with GAD often express their anxiety in different ways. Environmental stressors, emotional changes, and social situations are leading causes of teenage anxiety, with 25% of 13-18 year olds having an anxiety disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health (The National Institute of Mental Health, 2017). Behavioral and emotional avoidance are common among people diagnosed with anxiety (Cooper, Miranda & Mennin, 2013). Some examples of behavioral effects associated with anxiety are observed bodily agitation or discomfort, distressed facial expressions and poor social interaction (Katz et al., 1993). Individuals who experience fear behaviorally and emotionally, all engage in some type of avoidant behavior. However, the origin of the fear and what causes panic is often difficult to determine (Taylor, Deane & Podd, 2000). Individuals struggle to know why they avoid certain situations or what causes feelings of uneasiness to begin with. To help with this, self-report items that ask individuals to describe their fear result in a detailed chain of events leading up to the fear, without stating the feared stimulus or situation that provoked the anxiety. Driving Related Anxiety and Fears DRIVING ANXIETY IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH AUTISM 7 Driving is a symbol of freedom as individuals mature through adolescence and into adulthood. However, the presence of anxiety in earlier years and in different domains has the potential to restrict driving freedom due to driving related fear. Driving related fear is categorized by the DSM-5 as a specific phobia that results in situational panic attack-like episodes (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Taylor, Deane & Podd, 2000). Driving phobia is the active choice to reduce or eliminate all driving to avoid the panic attack-like episodes (Taylor, Deane & Podd, 2002). This strict criteria makes it difficult for drivers to qualify as having this disorder, although many express some symptoms. According to a survey from a leading car insurance search engine, 1 in 4 teenagers (47% females compared to 33% males) who are of age to receive their license put off learning to drive due to worry and fear (Beck, 2018). While there is a lack of evidence surrounding what causes driving related fear, driving related behavior can be examined to better understand anxious driving tendencies. Driving anxiety and driving aggression are similar because they both involve hyperarousal and emotional responses (Zinzow & Jeffirs, 2017). The physiological symptoms that result from these two characteristics have a direct effect on risky driving behavior. Where there is perceived risk, aggression and anxiety can be conceptualized in terms of the "fight or flight response". Aggression is linked to "fight" and anxiety to "flight" (Zinzow & Jeffirs, 2017). Novice drivers can become aroused easily while driving and thus perceive the environment or road conditions around them as threatening. In this case, the driver will become physiologically aroused and may engage in aggressive or risky driving behavior. DRIVING ANXIETY IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH AUTISM 8 The literature on driving anxiety has identified three domains of anxious driving behavior: exaggerated safety and caution, anxiety based performance deficits, and hostile driving behaviors (Clapp et al., 2011). These domains were identified through examining associations between anxious behavior and self reported stress history. Ultimately, accident distress, from past driving experiences, poses a severe vulnerability for developing anxious driving behaviors (Clapp et al., 2011). However, fear of driving can exist in the absence of motor vehicle accidents, which can also limit an individual's freedom to drive. Taylor, Deane and Podd (2000) focused on driving related fears in general. Researchers recruited 190 fearful drivers through social media, online websites and flyers, and intentionally used no formal diagnostic criteria in attempt to conceptualize what constitutes driving related fears. No difference was found in self report measures of the physiological and cognitive components of fear or measures of anxiety in those who have experienced a motor vehicle accident compared to those who have not (Taylor, Deane & Podd, 2000). These results suggest that a history of motor vehicle accidents is not necessary to produce driving anxiety or fear. Therefore, more research is needed to understand what causes higher levels of driving anxiety in some people. Research shows that arousal and anxiety influence novice driver's decisions to reduce speed while driving (Schmidt-Daffy, 2013). Anxiety arises when task demands on the road exceed the driver's typical capability. Anxiety is based on evaluating the relationship between threat and the individual's perceived goals, which reflects a top-down emotional bias (Schmidt-Daffy, 2013). The individual has to assess whether the action goal will result in a desirable or undesirable consequence. If the consequence is undesirable then the individual will experience an increase of attention, arousal, and subsequent anxiety. The increase in each of DRIVING ANXIETY IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH AUTISM 9 these domains results in the driver's decision to reduce speed and promote saf


Registrum Cancellarii 1408-1506. Edited by W. T. Mitchell. (Oxford Historical Society: new series, xxvn). Pp. 346. Oxford: Clarendon Press (for the Oxford Historical Society), 1980 (for 1974-1980). The early Tudor register of the chancellor of Oxford nicely complements the university's sixteenth-century letterbook, the latter showing the image of Oxford the senior members, in their search for patronage and new endowments, wished to present to the outside world, while the former reveals the much more humdrum day-to-day activities of a busy university. Affrays among scholars, disputes between university men and townspeople, constant sureties for debt, regulation of the markets, supervision of morals, sanitary bye-laws (the local inhabitants' propensity for keeping pigs clearly constituting a particular problem), all occupy the attention of the chancellor's court. Held weekly, if not more often, by the chancellor's deputy, the commissary, the court records among much else the resignation and admission of the principals of the numerous halls, which were still obviously performing an important function in housing and also, to some extent, disciplining students. The monastic colleges, especially Bernard College engaged in new building, Durham College and Gloucester College together with the houses of the friars, receive frequent mention, while another institution soon also to be lost to the university, the priory of St Frideswide, appears sporadically, on one occasion successfully objecting to the invasion of its privacy by the insertion of windows in an adjacent wall of Peckwater Inn. Mr Mitchell has provided a complete calendar of the register which, apart from a missing section for nine months from November 1498 to mid-August 1499, covers in very considerable detail the eight years at the end of Henry vn's reign: in addition, in an appendix which takes up a third of the volume he has transcribed in their entirety certain particularly significant items in the register, including some very interesting wills and inventories. With both the register and the letterbook now in print two most valuable sources of material for the history of Oxford in the renaissance period have for the first time become generally available.


Yuka WATANABE, Kazuhiko KUDO and Kazuya IDEMITSU Research Institute for East Asia Environments, Kyushu University Professor Emeritus at Kyushu University Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819–0395, Japan (Received June 17, 2016; accepted in revised form September 28, 2016; published online January 11, 2017)


Based on a survey of small- to medium-sized companies that supply sheet metal parts to the major aircraft manufacturers, there is a need for a more simplified, flexible and inexpensive method to design, fabricate and register part fixtures used for CNC post forming operations (e.g., trimming, drilling). Consequently a method has been developed that bases fixture development completely on the CAD model, eliminates the need for datum surfaces and registration features on the CNC machine workbed, and makes fixture fabrication as easy and inexpensive as possible while still maintaining high geometrical accuracy. Practical implementation of this simplified method and an actual case study are discussed.


sity the systemhasgrown into a craze. The young are requiredto preparethemselvesfor a long series of examination,not for the acquisitionof knowledge nor for the sharpeningof the spirit of inquiry and criticism. The school boy or girl is being .trained to-day to passexaminationsby a feverish but superficial studyof a particularsubject. Skill is acquired in the display of intelligence; the crammedknowledgedoes not and cannotfind a permanenthold in the mind of the examinee. Moreover, the most useful factor in schooleducation,namely, the learning of how to learn, is lost. Children learn only how to face an examinationpaper and an examiner.


We consider the influence of sequence polydispersity upon the phase behavior and interfacial characteristics of gradient copolymers. By adapting the algorithmic procedure proposed for random copolymers, we design sequences of varying blockiness and compositional polydispersities for specified composition profiles of the gradient copolymers. Using the sequences so generated, we studied the dependence of the spinodals, the phase behavior, and interfacial properties of gradient copolymers as a function of gradient strengths and blockiness of the sequences. We demonstrate that the interplay between compositional polydispersity and the overall blockiness of the sequences can play a significant role in determining the morphologies, phase behavior, and interfacial activity of gradient copolymer systems. In systems wherein the inherent blockiness of the sequences is small, such as in gradient copolymers with weak gradient strengths, the introduction of such polydispersity and blockiness effects leads to substanti...


Stability and throughput maximization are fundamental properties of queueing networks and have been a subject of continuous research, with fluid-based analysis providing a powerful tool since the work of [7] and [3]. An interesting (and somewhat unexpected) insight of the research in this field is that having the load on each resource j, ρj, be strictly less than one – oftern referred to as the natural load condition – is not generally sufficient for the stability of a multiclass network. The Rybko-Stolyar and Lu-Kumar (see Figure ??) networks are simple instances in which priority policies destabilize the network eventhough the natural load conditions are met. The literature does propose and identify controls that stabilize a multi-class networks under the natural load conditions. Head of the Line Process Sharing (HLPPS) and the family of maximum pressure policies and versions thereof provide instances of such rules. Maximum pressure is a centralized control that requires the coordination of various resources: the priorities resources assign to activities must take into account the state of queues that they do not process. Head of the line Proportional Processor Sharing (HLPPS) is a local discipline that stabilizies the network under the natural load conditions but, as Maximum Pressure, leave no freedom to the different servers to determine their local priorities. In certain processing networks such freedom is important – physicians in emergency rooms, for example, make decisions following clinical considerations. From both the intellectural and the practical perspectives it is thus important to study networks and conditions on parameters (e.g. mean service times) that render a network stable under any work conserving policy, i.e., globally stable. This agenda was pursued towards the end of 90s. [5], [6], [4] and [2] identify several networks that are stable under any work conserving policy as long as the natural load conditions are met. In this paper, we seek to study networks and condi-


The present invention provides a method to assess the damage of the hair. This method is specifically fluorescently labeled carbonyl groups of oxidized protein in hair, and performs evaluation by detecting the fluorescence. Such damage permanent process of hair bleaching or oxidizing hair dye treatment, combing, heat treatment by dryer, exposure to ultraviolet light, may be due to either or their multiple combinations of exposure to hypochlorous acid in swimming pool.


The multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) matrix of the multi-inverter paralleled system based on different parameters is established, and three criteria to ensure the stability of the total grid current and interactive current are put forward. Furthermore, the robustness of the system with different switching frequencies for modules is analyzed, and the introduction of a high-bandwidth inverter into the system is found to be effective in suppressing low-frequency resonance. Then, the interaction stability between the high-frequency and low-frequency module is analyzed, and the switching frequency of the high-bandwidth inverter is selected. Finally, a prototype of the high-bandwidth inverter based on GaN is built in the lab. The effectiveness of the high-bandwidth grid-connected inverter to improve the robustness of the system in weak grid is verified by the experiment.