Daniel M Fox University of California Press, $20, pp 191 ISBN 0-520-08409-8

The theme of Daniel M Fox's study of American health care policy is simple but radical in its implications, and not just for the United States. It is that health care institutions are shaped by history - specifically by the inherited stock of ideas about the nature of the medical task - and that, in turn, these institutions then create interest groups which impede adaptation to new challenges. To put it more concretely, Professor Fox's argument is that the main health problem in the US, as elsewhere, is the management of chronic conditions …


A dual wideband antenna based on triangular shaped radiator is proposed. The triangular shaped patch antenna with dual-slots is studied. The overall dimension of the antenna is $34\times 27\times 0.254$ mm3. The antenna is designed on flexible substrate for imparting its applications in flexible electronics. Here, two inverted U-shaped slots are incorporated into the design, one with triangular edges and another with rectangular edges. The U-shaped slots are employed to perturb the existing surface current path for dual frequency mode of operation. Also, the staircase shaped ground plane leads to the formation wideband frequency modes. The proposed antenna operates in two dual wideband band frequencies ranging from 1.64 to 2.60 GHz and 2.79 to 3.92GHz respectively. The operating frequencies can be independently controlled by varying the dimensions of the U-slots and also varying the ground plane size without affecting the wideband range. The proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 45.28% and 33.68% respectively. The proposed antenna is able to cover 1.8GHz, 2.4GHz and 3.5GHz which is applicable for LTE, Bluetooth, WLAN and WiMAX applications.


To elucidate the abnormalities in ventricular activation sequence in human left bundle branch block (LBBB), epicardial mapping was performed in five patients, ages 52–58 years, undergoing coronary bypass surgery, and the results were compared with similar data published from patients without conduction defect. Three patients had chronic and two patients intraoperative LBBB. ECGs during LBBB revealed a QRS duration of 130–160 msec and a mean QRS axis of −15° to +45. Epicardial mapping revealed 1) anterior right ventricular (RV) epicardial breakthrough (5–26 msec after QRS onset), normal in site in all patients, but abnormally early in timing relative to QRS onset in three patients with chronic LBBB, and earlier compared with preoperative maps in two patients with intraoperative LBBB; 2) normal location of latest RV epicardial activation in four of five patients, but abnormally late occurrence of this event 100, 108 and 110 msec after QRS onset in three of five patients; 3) absence of discrete left ventricular (LV) epicardial breakthroughs in all patients; 4) slow transseptal epicardial activation (crowded isochrones) from right to left, with anteroseptal crossing preceding inferoseptal crossing; 5) activation of the anterolateral left ventricle before the inferior LV epicardium; 6) more widely spaced isochrones, implying more rapid conduction, over the LV free wall epicardium; and 7) location and timing of latest LV epicardial activation in an abnormal site, and abnormally late relative to QRS onset (113–140 msec, mean 124 msec) in all patients. This event occurred a mean of 20 msec before the end of the QRS in the five patients.In conclusion, with normal axis, human LBBB is associated with initiation of ventricular activation closer to anterior RV recording sites than is normal activation, slow leftward transseptal activation, a generally anteroinferior orientation of LV activation, and probable engagement of the distal LV Purkinje system during the latter part of the QRS.


This purpose of this study is to understand the influence of interior design and exterior design on purchasing decision at Malia Cake & Bakery Pasuruan . This research was quantitative research. The research population was Malia Cake & Bakery Pasuruan's consumer. This research used sampling technique with out certain considerations (Accidental Sampling) to get 100 responden ts who made purchases at Malia Cake & Bakery Pasuruan with the age of 15 - 55 years. The method of data collection used the questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentations. The method of data analysis used the multiple regression analysis. The result of this research showed that the interior and exterior design simultaneously have significant effect on the purchasing decision. And partially interior design and exterior design ha ve significant effect on the purchasing decision. The effect of interior design and exterior design on purchasing decision in Malia Cake & Bakery Pasuruan (Adjisted R Square) was 60%.


Abstract High-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry using sodium molybdate (3Na2O·4MoO3) solvent at 973 K was performed for the Na3xRE0.67–xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce) perovskite series. The enthalpies of formation of lanthanum perovskites from oxides (La2O3, Na2O, TiO2), are –107.25 ± 2.56, –93.83 ± 6.06, –80.68 ± 5.93, and –33.49 ± 4.26 kJ/mol and enthalpies of formation from elements are –1614.05 ± 5.37, –1596.44 ± 7.68, –1594.03 ± 7.58, and –1577.56 ± 6.36 kJ/mol for Na0.459La0.522Ti0.999O3, Na0.454La0.523Ti0.994O3, Na0.380La0.567Ti0.980O3, and La0.692Ti0.979O3, respectively. The enthalpies of formation of cerium perovskites are –99.98 ± 5.78 and –45.78 ± 3.30 kJ/mol from oxides (Ce2O3, Na2O, TiO2), and –1611.34 ± 6.90 and –1602.06 ± 2.72 kJ/mol from elements for Na0.442Ce0.547Ti0.980O3 and Ce0.72Ti0.96O3. The A-site defect perovskites become more stable relative to oxide components as sodium contents increase. Na0.5Ce0.5TiO3 and Na0.5La0.5TiO3 could be considered as thermodynamically stable end-members in natural loparite minerals, in which these end-members are in solid solution with CaTiO3 and other components.


We derive ages, metallicities and [α/Fe] ratios for dwarf early‐type galaxies (dE/dS0) in the center and a region believed to be infalling into the Coma cluster. We find that a set of metallic indices cannot be described by linear relations with velocity dispersion (σ), while another group of indices exhibits linear index‐σ relations. dE/dS0 galaxies in the core of the cluster are on average younger, and have lower metallicities and lower α‐ratios (solar to sub‐solar) than the more luminous elliptical galaxies. On the other hand, dEs/dS0s in the infall region of Coma form a less homogeneous population. We find an unusually high fraction of dE/dS0s with high [α/Fe] ratios, suggesting short time scales for the star formation histories for these galaxies. Furthermore, the dE/dS0s with high α‐ratios have a range of ages and metallicities implying multiple formation scenarios where some galaxies have experienced their short star formation bursts at more recent epochs.


From uneven development to unequal exposure to extreme weather events, the economic geography of climate change implies substantial heterogeneity regarding countries' preferences for climate action. Yet, how this heterogeneity matters for sustaining high and effective levels of global climate action has not been analysed. This paper develops a novel geographical political economy model of climate action where countries' choices are influenced by the evolution of greenhouse gas emissions, total participation in climate action and by heterogeneous idiosyncratic economic geography factors. Our results highlight that the unevenness of development can be a barrier to sustained high levels of global action.


A soy protein hydrolysate was deamidated with peptidoglutaminase (PGase) retained within a 30kd spiral membrane. Reactor was operated at 30°C and 6.5 L/m2/hr flux in recycle mode to 60% conversion, then in diafiltration mode for 2 hr. Time course, predicted by a Michaelis-Menten equation integrated for mixed zero- and first-order kinetics with the corrections for the ultrafiltration (UF) interactions, matched that measured experimentally. The equation could be used to predict the potential activity and performance of PGase in UF reactors to achieve control of reactions for the optimal enzymic process. At the end of the run, 96% conversion and 99% of PGase were obtained. This method has the potential of being scaled-up for the production of enzyme-free deamidated proteins.


Toner chemically sensitive (102) to produce a certain image on a substrate (104), said toner comprising: a colorant to form an image on a first surface (106) of a substrate (104); a visible dye (110) configured to migrate through a portion of the substrate (104) to form an indelible image copy; a fluorescent dye visually hidden by the dye, acquiring fluorescence when exposed to ultraviolet or black light; agent promoting migration (112); wherein the visible dye (110), by contacting the solvent diffuses through a portion of the substrate (104) to thereby indicate an attempt to image disturbance.


ABSTRACT Though there has been an increased focus on climate change in Hong Kong's educational policy and curriculum over the last decade, little is known about the impact of curricular implementation on young people's environmental and climate change-related views, attitudes, awareness, or behaviors. This paper examines the state of climate change education in Hong Kong based on findings from a multi-pronged investigation. The main research questions addressed are: (1) what are Hong Kong secondary students' understandings of and attitudes towards climate change issues? and (2) is there any significant difference between students studying in local and international schools in Hong Kong? The paper provides a content analysis of climate change curriculum in local and international schools. It reports on a large-scale survey of international and local school students' environmental attitudes, and on qualitative interviews of their awareness and behaviors related to climate change. We conclude with reflections on the implications of this study for climate change education in Hong Kong in the future and vital areas for further research.


A conduction-cooled high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet system through a solid nitrogen protection with energy storage of 30 kJ was developed. The HTS magnet system is used to investigate fast discharging performances with a constant output voltage. The superconducting magnet consists of 14 double pancakes wound with Bi2223 tape with the length of 200 m. The magnet has an outer diameter of 212 mm and a clear bore of 108 mm. Cryostat for the HTS magnet system is designed and the coil is cooled with a GM cryocooler together with the solid nitrogen protection technology. The superconducting magnet is fabricated and tested. The operating current is about 155 A with raping rate of 5 A/s. It can generate a central magnetic field of 4.31 T at a temperature lower than 20 K. In this paper, the magnet design, coil fabrication and cryogenic system are presented. Experimental research of the superconducting magnet as a constant voltage power supply was carried out.


In the study of 3-manifolds, there is a long tradition of cutting up a 3-manifold along embedded 2-manifolds in order to obtain pieces that are simpler in some sense than the original manifold. One can cite the classical examples of Heegaard splittings and the Prime Decomposition Theorem. More recently, Jaco and Shalen in [8] and Johannson in [9] proved what is widely known as the Characteristic Pair Theorem. This theorem states a Haken manifold that is closed or has incompressible boundary can be split along embedded tori and annuli into unique pieces that are of three kinds: Seifert fibered spaces, I-bundles over surfaces, and "simple." A manifold is said to be simple if it contains no essential annulus or torus. On the other hand, in most Seifert fibered spaces and I-bundles, one can construct lots of essential annuli and tori. In this paper, we will create a decomposition theorem for noncompact 3-manifolds of finite genus at infinity that is analogous to the Jaco-Shalen-Johannson Theorem. In the current decomposition, noncompact 3-manifolds that contain no nontrivial places correspond to the simple pieces of the Jaco-Shalen-Johannson Decomposition, and a family of manifolds christened "nearnodes" correspond to the Seifert fibered pieces. This paper is organized into two parts. The first part deals with preliminaries and climaxes in Theorem 5.1, which is an analog of the well-known Haken Finiteness Theorem. The second part deals with the main result of the paper. Most of the vocabulary needed in this paper is defined in the remainder of the current section. However, definitions of some terms have been postponed until Part II in hopes this will be more convenient for the reader. In the rest of this section, I will define the vocabulary required to state the Theorem 5.1 precisely.


"Magic Pot" is an interactive system which changes the perceived shape of a physical object by using haptic illusion. Haptics is one of the most important sensations in our life, and many researches have been conducted to realize a device to present virtual haptic sensations. However, because these devices are mainly focus on active haptics which aim to reproduce physical force feedback, they become physically too complicated when we try to reproduce complex haptic sensations to use them easily.


This literature review will inform the readers about the importance of the migrant education program into the educational system. As well it will show their involvement in the success of migrant students around the state of California. Giving the reader a better understanding about the program and informing about the services provided by the program. The literature review would also focus on the struggles and living conditions migrant students have to endure. In prospective it will explain as well the role of the MEP, as to better the living conditions of migrant students. A high percentage of migrant students end up dropping out of school to join gangs. As the MEP, they are developing programs to keep migrant students from dropping and to stay away from gangs. Migrant Education Program 2007


The coating is considered as one of the best solutions to enhance the life of engineering components against hot corrosion. In the present study the NiCoCrAlY coating was successfully deposited on Superni 600 superalloy with cold spray process. The microstructure of the developed coating is appropriate to protect the components of power plant industry against hot corrosion. The evaluation of the coating has been done for porosity, microhardness, microstructure and phase formation with the help of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination.


Conceptual and empirical research on technological disasters has produced a number of seminal contributions including concepts of recreancy, collective trauma, lifestyle and lifescape change, corrosive community, secondary trauma, and the ecological-symbolic perspective. This article presents social capital theory as a comprehensive framework that incorporates and integrates these key conceptual elements and theories. After presenting fundamental elements of social capital theory, we demonstrate how key concepts in technological disaster research relate to social capital. We conclude that while social capital theory has merit and potential for improving our understanding of all disaster events, it is particularly useful in comprehending the multifarious impacts of technological disasters.


A molecule of recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid sequence having pesticidal activity, wherein said nucleotide sequence is selected from the group consisting of: a) the nucleotide sequence set forth in any of SEQ ID NO: 3, 8, 13 or 18; b) a nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or 28; c) a nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 95% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 or 28.


In this letter, new phase-shifter cells for reflectarray applications using the cut-ring patch coupled to the delay line through an annular slot are presented. The new configuration allows the phase shift to be obtained by adjusting the length of a single or two different delay lines. Various prototypes of the elements have been fabricated and measured in X-band using the waveguide simulator technique. A good agreement between the measurement and simulation for both reflection phase and magnitude is achieved. Experimental results indicate good characteristics of the reflectarray element with a wide range of reflection phase and good linearity of the phase curve.


propositions: (1) The concept of popular poetry is a romantic myth, mainly of German nationalist make, whose distorting effects made themselves felt in much literary research and criticism during the nineteenth and the early decades of this century; (2) Croce in the late 1920's or early 1930's voided the myth and restored the truth of art and poetry as products of individual minds-belonging mostly in the upper brackets of intellectual education -not of the masses, with the contrast of popular poetry versus art poetry whittled down to a mere difference of "tonalities"; (3) accordingly, the origins of Provengal, and therefore of all Romance lyric poetry, erroneously sought in the "soul of the people"-or perhaps less insistently, while hardly less misleadingly, in such other sources as the Ovidian tradition or the Arabic influence, whose contributions, in any case, were secondary-must be sought and found in the suggestions of content and form


In the 1995 published report of the excavations at Barhobble Chapel near Mochrum in Wigtownshire, the late Bill Cormack described a structure built against the centre of the interior face of the chapel's east gable. 1 This was identified as an altar which had been constructed as part of a major refurbishment of the chapel probably in the earlier 13 th century and labelled Period 3 (phase 2) by Cormack. 2 Artefact evidence suggested that this phase ended with the Wars of Independence when the chapel appears to have ceased to function as a religious site. The excavation of a High Medieval non-monastic site in Scotland is rare enough but excavation of a rural chapel site of this period anywhere in Britain is of immense importance, and even more so in Barhobble's case on account of the evidence for devotional activity and liturgical arrangements identified within the structure. 3 The altar structure is of particular interest, for against the east gable in the centre of the surviving lower 0.33m of clay-bonded split stone slabs of the altar was a deposit of human bone set into the clay core. 4 These were interpreted as 'corporeal relics', and simply marked as 'relics' on the plan of the church phase of the site. 5


Some macro factors such as the absence of public housing policies, the growth in the cost of housing, the job insecurity due to financial crisis have made in Italy traditional solutions to accessing housing not available for some parts of the population. It is therefore necessary to adopt innovative initiatives which try to respond to new housing demand. In Italy Social Housing is still an experimental field, though it has registered a significant increase over the last few years also on the basis of some important legislative changes occurred


This study aimed to examine an open-ended problem-solving assessment tool that can be used to measure the profile of students' mathematical creativity based on the type of mathematical creativity. The open-ended problem-solving assessment consists of open-ended problem-solving sheets and interview guidelines to measure the profile of students' mathematical creativity. One hundred and five students were asked to solve open-ended problems. From each group, one student was selected to be interviewed with the aim of obtaining a more detailed explanation of each of these types. The two types can be explained as follows. The "very creative" students were those who could perform cognitive flexibility and cognitive fluency in solving open-ended problems. The other type of students was creative students who were able to think flexibly (cognitive flexibility) when solving open-ended problems. Cognitive flexibility includes the ability to describe various solutions and provide more than one answer to a problem. Cognitive fluency includes the ability to interpret the answer smoothly and accurately without any constraints. It may also refer to the ability to correct a wrong answer even though there was a mistake during the operating process. The analysis results showed that the open-ended problem-solving assessment was an effective tool to measure students' mathematical creativity in terms of results (products) and processes. In terms of results (products), it was able to determine the type of students' mathematical creative ability, namely very creative and creative, while in terms of processes, it was able to describe the differences in the cognitive profile of the two types.


Since CSR has become an obligation for companies through Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. However, in its implementation there are still many problems. One of them is the regulation of CSR which has been implicitly regulated in various sectoral laws. So the problem that will be studied in this paper is how to synchronize the supervision of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the Limited Liability Company Law, Investment Law, Government Regulation No. 47 of 2012, as well as Article 23 and Article 24 of Malang Regency Regulation No. 1 of 2013. The research method used in this paper uses a normative juridical research type, using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. The PT Law and the PM Law have different definitions regarding CSR, although both laws require the implementation of CSR, both have not provided clear regulations regarding the mechanism for monitoring CSR implementation. Then based on the mandate in Article 74 paragraph (4) of the Company Law, PP No. 47 of 2012, the establishment is intended to clarify the implementation of CSR but in fact the articles contained in the PP also do not accommodate the supervision of CSR implementation. Although it is not regulated in the Law and PP, the Malang Regency Regulation clearly regulates the supervision of CSR implementation. In this study, it is concluded that the various regulations are synchronized, namely in terms of implementation accountability, sanctions, and regulations for monitoring the implementation of CSR. Therefore, the government needs to form a separate law that accommodates CSR comprehensively along with the mandate of establishing a CSR supervisory body whose job is to oversee the implementation of CSR, giving executive authority to impose sanctions on those who do not carry out CSR.


Dynamic on-road driving scenarios require robust methods for planning a safe and feasible vehicle motion coping with both static and dynamic obstacles. Many of the different approaches which have been proposed to tackle this challenge are based on optimal control and employ local continuous or discrete optimization schemes. While discrete methods possess the ability to find reasonable solutions in a search space incorporating local minima, they tend to sacrifice optimality for real-time performance. On the other hand, local continuous methods require suitable initialization to handle the combinatorial nature of on-road driving scenarios but are capable of quickly returning an optimized solution. The presented work proposes a hybrid solution which embraces both strategies to unite their distinct advantages. A discrete optimization scheme is augmented by parametric optimization to achieve both low planning times as well as robust (re-)initialization.


What happens when a performing arts institution's and a producing partner's mutual desire to attract audiences to intelligent work that speaks to the diverse urban community each claims to represent comes up against a competing corporate brand? I explore this question by investigating the evolving relationship between Vancouver's PuSh International Performing Arts Festival and SFU Woodward's, home to Simon Fraser University's School for the Contemporary Arts and a lightning rod for public debate following a controversial corporate rebranding in the fall of 2010. That rebranding, I argue, also exposes some of the materialist faultlines (cultural, economic, urban) subtending both PuSh's program- ming at SFU Woodward's and the latter's placed-based identity within Vancouver's economically depressed and socially marginal Downtown Eastside. The paper is divided into three sections. First, I provide some contextual background on PuSh and SFU Woodward's, and on the development of their respective performance brands. Next, I draw on interviews with PuSh Artistic and Executive Director Norman Armour and Woodward's Director of Cultural Programming Michael Boucher to assess the benefits and challenges that have so far accrued as a result of their partnership. Finally, I conclude with readings of three productions staged by PuSh at Woodward's, arguing that their content helps to fore- ground competing ideologies of urban sustainability versus gentrification, and the role of non-profits (cultural and educational) in the rebranding of inner-city neighbourhoods.


New geomorphic and chronological data of Holocene advances of the Drangajökull Ice Cap, located on eastern Vestfirðir, northwest Iceland, are presented. At least two glacial advances and two transgressions during the Holocene are interpreted from moraines and raised beach deposits, respectively. Geomorphic evidence is concentrated in the three valleys adjacent to the modern outlet glaciers of the Drangajökull Ice Cap: Kaldalónsjökull, Leirufjarðarjökull, and Reykjarfjarðarjökull. The valley surrounding Kaldalónsjökull contains a vegetated Holocene moraine with a minimum radiocarbon age of ∼2600 cal. yr BP, which provides geomorphic evidence for Neoglacial activity on eastern Vestfirðir. The second extensive Holocene glacial advance on eastern Vestfirðir occurred during the Little Ice Age, and moraines associated with this advance are present in all three outlet glacier valleys. The Neoglacial advance is the most extensive ice advance on eastern Vestfirðir. Raised beaches parallel to the coastlines of Ísafjarðardjúp and Jökulfirðir, at an elevation of approximately 5 m a.s.l., suggest a minor transgression at ∼3000 cal. yr BP based on radiocarbon ages of shells. A minor transgression of 0.3–0.5 m a.s.l. is associated with the timing of the Little Ice Age advance. Correlation of geomorphic events with sediment proxy records facilitates distinguishing local perturbations from regional North Atlantic climate signals. This study supports regional interpretations of climatic instability during the Holocene.


The adsorption behavior of addition agents used for electroplating of copper in acid copper sulfate bath was studied on a dropping mercury electrode relating to their concentration and electrode potential by measuring differential capacity of electrical double layer.The potentials were measured by using Hg/Hg2SO4, 1N H2SO4 as a reference electrode. The zero charge potential of Hg electrode in 1N H2SO4 was estimated as zero volt for further discussion.By the addition of thiourea (TU) or acetyl thiourea to 1N H2SO4, new peaks of capacity appeared at +0.6V and +0.75V.When phenylthiourea was added to the same solution, the maximum of differential capacity at +0.15V appeared to decrease considerably.These effects could be explained by the adsorption of TU and its derivatives on the surface of mercury electrode at rather positive potential.Sodium β-naphthalene sulfonate (NS) and trisodium 1, 3, 5-naphthalene sulfonate had the similar effects on capacity-potential (C-E) curve, in which a minimum of differential capacity was observed at +0.3V and a maximum of that at -0.3V in the both agents. However, disodium 1, 5-naphthalene sulfonate gave a minimum at +0.3V and a maximum at 0V.When TU and NS were concurrently added to 1N H2SO4, C-E curve was found as the sum of the each individual curve of each single addition agent. Therefore, it was concluded that there was no specific interaction between the adsorptions of TU and NS.When benzotriazole was added to 1N H2SO4, the maximum at +0.15V in C-E curve remarkably decreased. By the addition of polyacrylamide, the differential capacity of electrical double layer noticeably increased at E>+0.55V and the maximum at +0.15V decreased.It was found that methyl-isothiourea, glycine, and l-cystine had no effects on C-E curve in 1N H2SO4.


This chapter deals with the optimal design of the most expensive part of a pressurised irrigation system, i.e., its pipe network. The problem of calculating the optimal pipe size diameters of an irrigation network has attracted the attention of many researchers and designers. During the process of designing an irrigation pipe network, the hydraulic engineer will face the problem of determining the diameters of the pipes forming the distribution network. For economic reasons, the pipe diameter should be as small as possible; on the other hand, the diameter must be large enough to ensure service pressure at the feed points (Labye et al., 1988; Lammadalena and Sagardoy, 2000).


IF there is only one sector of production and only one technique in this sector, there emerges a fixed relationship between output and employment. Since a certain amount of employment is associated with a given level of output, an increase in employment requires an increase in output. In aggregative growth models which do not distinguish between economic sectors and which postulate fixed factor proportions, the maximization of current income is consistent with the persistence of unemployed labour. This outcome is the result of a divergence between the proportions in which labour and capital are available in the economy and the proportions in which the prevailing technology combines them. Under these circumstances, an increase in employment would require an augmentation of the stock of capital in the economy. There are two ways of doing so; one is the importation of capital from abroad and the other is through domestic accumulation of surplus for capital investment out of the current income. In this context there is no conflict between output growth and employment growth; in fact the former is a precondition for an acceleration in the latter. The higher the rate of growth of income and the higher the rate of saving out of current income, the higher is the rate of investment and the higher is the rate of growth of employment. Once, however, the variability of factor proportions is introduced and differences between the sectors in terms of their factor requirements are recognized, the simple relationship between output and employment no longer holds. If the proportions in which factors can be combined are continuously variable, either within each sector or by shifting resources between sectors, output is maximized by employing capital with the techniques and in the sectors which use maximum labour per unit of capital. The distinctions between sectors are important in terms of their implications for employment because even when in a particular sector there is no choice between alternative techniques of production, by changing the product-mix or sectoral composition of output, one could vary the amount of employment generated in the economy as a whole. Moreover, even when alternative techniques in each sector are found feasible, the range of choice between the labourand capital* Planning Commission Bangladesh Secretariat, Dacca. The views expressed in this paper are entirely the author's and are not necessarily those of the Government of Bangladesh.


Edgeworth expansions are derived for a class of weighted bootstrap methods for the Kaplan-Meier and Nelson-Aalen estimates using the methods contained in the monograph by Barbe and Bertail (1995). Von Mises representations up to the third order are established for the weighted bootstrap versions of these estimators. It is shown that there exists weights which out-perform Efron's bootstrap method in terms of coverage accuracy. Moreover, it is shown that this holds for a particular choice of gamma weights which are very easy to use in practice. The general weighting schemes are also useful in approximating the posterior distribution of a survival function with respect to mixtures of beta-neutral process priors. 1. Introduction Lo (1993a) introduced the idea of a censored data Bayesian bootstrap. This is the direct analogue to Rubin's (1981) Bayesian bootstrap (BB) in the complete data case and provides an alternative to Efron's (1981) bootstrap method for the Kaplan-Meier estimator. James (1993) studied a generalization of this idea to the case of arbitrary i.i.d. weights. This proves the consistency result , under a general random censoring model, for these class of weights using martingale techniques in the spirit of Gill (1980). From the work of Mason and Newton (1992) see also Praestgaard and Wellner (1993)] it is perhaps not diicult to see that one may further deene the notion of a generalized exchangeably weighted Kaplan-Meier bootstrap estimate, we will mention this brieey in the coming paragraphs. Perhaps a more interesting question, and the main focus of this paper, is to determine the proper choice of weights for a class of weighted bootstrapped Kaplan-Meier estimators and related functionals. The recent work of Barbe and Bertail (1995) involving Edgeworth expansions for a class of weighted bootstrap versions of general von Mises diierentiable functionals provides the basis for this study. Prior to their work, most of the results on Edgeworth expansions for the weighted bootstrap has been relegated to the case of the sample mean. Related works include


Recombinant human insulin is the first protein therapeutic produced by recombinant DNA technology.  Currently, many patents of insulin analogs start to expire.  The intended-copy recombinant human insulins manufactured from various manufacturers around the world have entered the market in Thailand, whereas the regulatory standard in medicine registration varies widely between countries.  Therefore, the basic concept on protein therapeutics, biosimilars and insulin quality considerations will be very useful for physicians, pharmacists, healthcare professionals to help them evaluate and select high quality recombinant human insulins and biological products for hospital formulary.


The significance of the incorporation of [2-14C] phenylalanine, [1-14C]phenylalanine, [Me-14C]methionine, and [2,3-3H]propionate into the antibiotic neoantimycin is discussed in relation to the biosynthesis of the 3,4-di-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-phenylvaleric acid residue.


We revisit the bottom and $\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification in supersymmetric $4$-$2$-$2$ model and present for the first time the sbottom-neutralino co-annihilation scenario consistent with the bottom and $\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification. In addition, we show gluino-neutralino, stop-neutralino, stau-neutralino, chargino-neutralino, and A-resonance scenario and show that all such solutions are consistent with existing experimental collider constraints, Planck2018 dark matter relic density bounds as well as direct and indirect bounds on neutralino-nucleons scattering cross sections. We show that in sbottom-neutralino co-annihilation scenario, the sbottom mass is about 2 TeV whereas in the case of gluino-neutralino, stop-neutralino, the gluino mass can be between 1 TeV to 3 TeV and stop mass in the range of 1 TeV to 3.5 TeV. {Moreover, in the case of co-annihilation scenario, the stau and chargino masses can be as heavy as 3.5 TeV,} while the A-resonance solutions are in the range of 0.5 TeV to 3.5 TeV. We anticipate that some part of the parameter space will be accessible in the supersymmetry searches at LHC Run-3 and beyond.


Background: CD166 is broadly expressed in normal epithelium and overexpressed in many types of malignancies, including breast cancer. Probody® therapeutic candidates are masked antibodies, conditionally activated by tumor-associated proteases, which restricts their activity to the tumor microenvironment and minimizes 'off-tumor' toxicity. CX-2009 is a conditionally activated humanized anti-CD166 monoclonal antibody conjugated to DM4 that showed clinical activity in ABC patients in a phase 1 study (Boni et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2022). This phase 2 study (NCT04596150) evaluates CX-2009 as monotherapy in patients with advanced HR+/HER2− BC (Arm A) and TNBC (Arm B), and in combination with pacmilimab (a conditionally activated PD-L1) in TNBC (Arm C). Methods: Key eligibility criteria for all cohorts include: ECOG 0-1, acceptable end-organ function, measurable disease, willingness to receive ocular prophylaxis for DM-4 related toxicity, and available tumor tissue for CD166 evaluation. Eligibility criteria for HR+ BC include: 2-4 prior regimens (excluding single-agent hormonal therapy with up to 2 prior cytotoxic regimens) and a prior CDK 4/6 inhibitor in the metastatic setting; eligibility criteria for TNBC include CD166 by IHC >1% by central assessment, 1-3 prior regimens in the metastatic setting and prior taxane. All patients initially received 7 mg/kg Q3W; the protocol was subsequently amended to enroll patients at 6 mg/kg Q3W. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) using RECIST v1.1 assessed by central review. Other key endpoints include ORR by investigator assessment, clinical benefit rate at 24 weeks (CBR24; defined as any response, confirmed or unconfirmed, or SD for 24 weeks), duration of response, and progression-free survival by investigator. Archival tumor specimens and blood samples were collected for correlative research including genomic analyses. Results: As of 13 May 2022, 60 patients were enrolled in Arm A (all patients started at 7 mg/kg); 52 were evaluable for efficacy by investigator. Median duration of follow-up was 29.1 weeks (range: 3.6-60.7). Median age was 60.5 years (36, 83); pts received a median of 3.5 (1, 6) prior treatments for ABC. CD166 H-Score > 200 was reported in 53.3% of patients. Arm A met the primary efficacy endpoint with a confirmed ORR by central radiology of 14.9% (n=47); by investigator, ORR was similar at 15.4% (n=52); an additional 9 patients (17.3%) had an unconfirmed response. CBR24 was 40.4%; using only confirmed responses, CBR24 was 23.1%. Median PFS was 11.4 weeks (95% CI 9.0, 13.9). Common treatment-related all-grade adverse events (TRAEs) included blurred vision (42%), nausea (35%), fatigue (35%), diarrhea (25%), peripheral neuropathy (27%), infusion-related reaction (23%) and decreased appetite (20%). Grade ≥3 ocular and neuropathic TRAEs were 15% and 10%, respectively. AEs resulting in treatment discontinuation (AEDC) were 25%. For Arm B and C, 55 and 10 patients were enrolled (the majority received a starting dose of 6 mg/kg). For Arm B, the futility boundary was crossed (ORR < 10%). Grade ≥3 ocular and neuropathic TRAEs and AEDC at 7 mg/kg in Arm B were similar to Arm A (11%, 11% and 21% respectively); whereas at 6 mg/kg, they were reduced at 3%, 0% and 0%, respectively. Biomarker data and correlation with outcomes will be presented. Conclusions: Praluzatamab ravtansine demonstrated single-agent activity in unselected heavily pretreated patients with HR+/HER2- ABC. Time to event analyses, such as PFS, were confounded by higher-than-expected toxicity at a starting dose of 7 mg/kg. The toxicity profile was generally consistent with a DM4 payload. The lower dose of 6 mg/kg appears to be better tolerated. Additional clinical studies in HR+ABC, incorporating a starting dose of 6 mg/kg and potentially including a biomarker strategy, are warranted.
 Citation Format: Kathy Miller, Sara Tolaney, Leisha A. Emens, Sung-Bae Kim, Erika Hamilton, Cristina Saura, Lucia Sanz, Valentina Boni, Filipa Lynce, Juan Miguel Cejalvo, Jennifer Crozier, Shirley Wang, Hirdesh Uppal, Alison L. Hannah, Sara Hurvitz. Preliminary results from a phase 2 study of praluzatamab ravtansine (CX-2009) in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-15.


[Purpose] This study empirically analyzed the impact of the introduction of the game shutdown system in 2011 on the value relevance of accounting information.
[Methodology] I analyzed 361 gaming industry companies listed from 2002 to 2020 using Ohlson's (1995) valuation model to see if the value relevance of accounting information changed with the introduction of the game shutdown system.
[Findings] Net assets and net income were positively associated with stock prices in the gaming industry, and the introduction of the shutdown system didn't significantly alter their value relevance compared to the pre-introduction period.
[Implications] while industry regulations like the ten-year shutdown system didn't harm gaming companies' value relevance, proactive government support and progressive policies can further enhance it in the future for industry growth and global competitiveness.


The belief that the insurgency in southern Afghanistan is a singular entity and the assumption that negotiations with that entity can bring an end to the conflict are simplistic and do not take into account the other insurgent partners, nor the role of local power brokers. Care must be taken when providing advice in the public domain on how to end or limit conflict in Afghanistan.


Background: Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE) aims to improve knowledge and awareness of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and infertility-related services, with the aim of improving the quality of patient care. Methods: A survey was developed and responded by a group of 10 ASPIRE board members to gather in-depth information about current practices, recommendations, and perceptions about SARS-CoV-2 and ART. The collected data were summarized and individual responses pooled among questions requiring voting. The overall rates were computed by response category. The group discussed the summary evidence, until a consensus was reached concerning a series of recommendation on how to make decisions concerning ART service provision during the current (and any future) pandemic. A two-tier recommendation was developed based on agreement rate and implementation priority. Tier 1 comprises recommendations in which the rate of "absolutely agree" responses were [Formula: see text]60%, whereas tier 2 refers to recommendations in which the rate of "absolutely agree" plus "agree" was >60%, but the rate of "absolutely agree" was [Formula: see text]50%. Results: The survey was responded by all participants between July 24 and July 30, 2020. Nine tier 1 and five tier 2 recommendations are provided concerning prevention, testing, personal protective equipment, informed consent, and quality management. The former indicates the situations in which most individuals should receive the intervention/procedure, whereas the latter relates to those that may be suitable for individual clinics and patients. Conclusions: This document provides the ASPIRE viewpoint on better managing infertile patients seeking ART during the COVID-19 pandemic. This expert opinion guide aims to help both competent authorities and healthcare providers to deliver quality and safe ART.


Wind energy has already dominant role on the scene of the clean energy production. Well-promising markets, like China, India, Korea and Latin America are the fields of expansion for new wind turbines mainly installed in offshore environment, where wind, wave and earthquake loads threat the structural integrity and reliability of these energy infrastructures. Along these lines, a multi-hazard environment was considered herein and the structural performance of a 5 MW offshore wind turbine was assessed through time domain analysis. A fully integrated model of the offshore structure consisting of the blades, the nacelle, the tower and the monopile was developed with the use of an aeroelastic code considering the interaction between the elastic and inertial forces, developed in the structure, as well as the generated aerodynamic and hydrodynamic forces. Based on the analysis results, the dynamic response of the turbine's tower was found to be severely affected by the earthquake excitations. Moreover, fragility analysis based on acceleration capacity thresholds for the nacelle's equipment corroborated that the earthquake excitations may adversely affect the reliability and availability of wind turbines. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of EURODYN 2017.


A family of black-hole solutions in the model with 1-component perfect fluid is obtained. The metric of any solution contains (n -1) Ricci-flat "internal space" metrics and for certain equations of state coincides with the metric of black brane (or black hole) solution in the model with antisymmetric form. Certain examples (e.g. imitating M2 and M5 black branes) are considered. The post-Newtonian parameters beta and gamma corresponding to the 4-dimensional section of the metric are calculated.


Summary

Methods of improving the heat stability of protein-rich concentrates prepared by ultrafiltration of skim-milk have been evaluated. It has been found that concentrate diafiltration promotes large increases in heat stability with little penalty in terms of processing difficulties.


easYgen-3000XT controllers include specifically designed algorithms and logic to start, stop, control, and protect the genset, circuit breaker, and the utility where applicable.


Lingsma HF, Steyerberg EW, Scholte op Reimer WJM, van Domburg R, Dippel DWJ, the Netherlands Stroke Survey Investigators. Statin treatment after a recent TIA or stroke: is effectiveness shown in randomized clinical trials also observed in everyday clinical practice?
Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 122: 15–20.
© 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard.


The handle for a glass door (1) on a shower cubicle is made up of two sections (6, 7). One of these (6) is fixed, while the other is removable and contains an insert (15), in which a magnet (18) is mounted which cooperates with another magnet (13) in the fixed section to hold the handle together. An Independent claim is included for a glass door fitted with the handle.


There are presented data of the assessment of both clinical and anamnestic evaluation of children with a different prognosis of adaptation and the clinical manifestations of asthenic syndrome in first school year children. The total incidence of clinical manifestations of asthenic syndrome was established to be more frequently occurred in children with an unfavorable prognosis, they have also experienced the greatest gain of the manifestations of the syndrome by the end of the 1st year of the study at the school. There were identified the factors associated with moderately favorable and unfavorable prognosis of adaptation of children to school, the level of risk for each out of these factors has been detected. The data obtained indicate to a high probability of adverse course of the adaptation to the school in children with indications of complicated course of the delivery in the history, the presence of bad habits in their parents, pregnancy gestoses, emotional lability and hyperkinetic syndrome.


The paper deals with the evaluation of transmitted electric field in the ground due to the GPR dipole antenna. The frequency domain formulation is based on the integro-differential equation of the Pocklington type. The influence of the earth– air interface is taken into account via the simplified reflection/transmission coefficient arising from the Modified Image Theory (MIT). The space-frequency Pocklington equation is solved via the Galerkin–Bubnov variant of the Indirect Boundary Element Method (GB-IBEM) and the corresponding transmitted field is obtained by numerically computing field integrals. Some preliminary results for the electric field transmitted into material media are presented.


Faulkner queries our use of the mean exposure age for the Norber erratics of 17.9 1.0 ka as an estimate for the timing of deglaciation at Moughton, 3 km north-northeast of Norber. He states that the average difference of 67m between the altitude of samples obtained from Norber and those from Moughton is 'significant' and that deglaciation at Moughton may have been at 'c. 16.7 ka, i.e. some 1.2 ka later than assumed by Wilson et al.'. He obtained this value 'from a plot of six points for deglacial age vs altitude' published in Faulkner (2012). He goes on to state that the later deglaciation age reduces our estimate of limestone pavement mean lowering from 'c. 33 cm to c. 31 cm' and from '18mmka to 17mmka'. For several reasons we cannot accept Faulkner's revised deglaciation age for Moughton of c. 16.7 ka:


The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative approach for combining individual American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS) sonographic features of breast masses for assessing the overall probability of malignancy.


We can only hope, that the dual epidemic of tuberculosis and HIV disease is not going to affect the population of Europe and Hungary so badly and unexpectedly as it happened in sub-Saharan Africa. The spinal tuberculosis with or without paraplegia presents with increasing frequency and their management may differ from those without HIV infection. The success of antituberculotic drug therapy alone reduced the role of surgeons to a largely diagnostic one, however complications frequently require surgery.


The results of the study of protective forest plantations state in the Eastern Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan are presented. The assessment of the study area landscape, the soil conditions for the formation of protective forests is given. Under the canopy of forest phytocoenoses, brown-brown forest, gray forest soils and rendzins are identified. Pine, spruce, birch, and poplar protective plantations, pure and mixed in composition, were studied. On the trial plots the taxation indicators of stands are determined. The peculiarities of the distribution of trees along the thickness steps and categories of the state are revealed. In pine biogeocenoses there are obviously more trees without signs of weakening: the content of healthy trees is 70.5-87.4%. Less stable are pine plantations created on stony soils of a steep slope. A higher proportion of healthy trees are allocated pine phytocenoses formed on loamy brown soils. Protective plantations of Almetyevsky municipal district, created from European spruce on soils with a developed profile, are distinguished by a high proportion of trees without signs of weakening. In the composition of deciduous plantations, a high percentage of trees without signs of weakening are inherent in the mulberry, which grows on brown-brown forest heavy loamy soil. There are no strongly weakened and drying trees. Birch grouse, formed on rendzine leached heavy loam on stony calcareous rocks, is less stable: the proportion of weakened trees increases to 20.1%.


Low cost protection of embedded systems against soft errors has recently become a major concern. This issue is even more critical in memory elements that are inherently more prone to transient faults. In this paper, we propose a reliability aware data placement technique in order to partially protect embedded memory systems. We show that by adopting this method instead of traditional placement schemes with complete memory protection, an acceptable level of fault tolerance can be achieved while incurring less area and power overhead. In this approach, each variable in the program is placed in either protected or non-protected memory area according to the profile-driven liveness analysis of all memory variables. In order to measure the level of fault coverage, we inject faults into the memory during the course of program execution in a Monte Carlo simulation framework. Subsequently, we calculate the coverage of partial protection scheme based on the number of protected, failed and crashed runs during the fault injection experiment.


Three-dimensional(3D),highly porous scaffolds with interconnected pore morphologies similar to trabecular bone have been fabricated by polymer sponge method using melt-derived borosilicate glass powder.The biodegradation and bioactivity of borosilicate glass powder were investigated in vitro method combined with XRD,SEM and ICP-AES techniques.It indicated that there is a connection between the composition of materials and the biodegradation,as well as bioactivity.The degradation rate can be adjusted by the boron concentration in the bioglass.It indicated that borosilicate glass is a promising scaffolds biomaterial for bone tissue engineering.


Aiming at the existing problems of processing property and mechanical property of high-energy hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellant,the new borate-ester bonding agents was synthesized.With the diethanolamine,1-bromobutane,acrylonitrile,and glacial acetic acid as raw materials,the intermediates N,N-two hydroxyethyl n-butyl amine,N-(2-cyanoethyl) diethanolamine,and N,N-two hydroxyethyl ethyl amide were synthesized.The reaction product of diethanolamine and acrylonitrile was analyzed by using IR and GC-MS method.It has been testified that the product is target compound.Four kinds of new borate-ester bonding agents were synthesized by utilizing the synthesized intermediates as well as the methyldiethanolamine and tributyl borate.By using the formula of high-energy hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellant,it has been verified that all the newly synthesized bonding agents could improve the flow of the slurry,and among them,BA-3,BA-4 have good bonding effects,which significantly improve the mechanical properties of the propellants.


In this paper, the authors point out some problems in the present score record system, and give the model and method to evaluate the student's synthetical result. The authors also show the advantage of the method through example.


Fusion reactor is the one of the most capable option for generating the large amount of energy in future. Fusion means joining smaller nuclei (the plural of nucleus) to make a larger nucleus and release energy in the form of neutrons.The sun uses nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms. This gives off heat and light and other radiation. Hydrogen is used as the fuel in the fusion reactor. We have to inject the solid hydrogen pellet into the tokamak as per the requirement. For injecting the pellet we use the pellet injection system. Pellet injection system (PIS) is the fuel injection system of the fusion reactor.


We model the dynamics of a molecular network with two distinct energy scales E 1 <<E 2 . A novel critical bond dynamics is shown to arise due to screening. We identify an order parameter and determine the related exponent at the critical temperature T c . Above T c , the dynamics is characterized by a power-law distribution of bond lifetimes with an exponential cutoff at a time that diverges at T c . Our picture is applied to liquid water


Every machine learning process must rely, first of all, on a good collection of appropriate features from examined data sets. Even before feature selection stages and cascades of learning steps for creating complex features may lead to the creation of proper decisional spaces, the process of extracting basic features may reveal to be a long and cumbersome task, which depends on the nature of the examined information and on the way it is represented. In this sense, obtaining good and easy-to-use tools for examining collected data may help researchers on focusing on what they need, instead of dealing on how to get it. We present here our approach in easing the extraction of features from symbolic music notation, which led to the development of MidXLog, a query language for MIDI files built on top of the logic programming language Prolog. We briefly introduce some of the characteristics of this language, and then describe its use in processing MIDI files to obtain an interesting range of features for the MIREX challenge


The aim of this study was evaluate energetic expenditure based on the substrate consumed by young volunteers to perform proposed activity with video game (virtual reality gaming). Each vonlunteer was informed about the procedures of the study. They were submmitted to anamnesis, physical examination and the anthropometric data were collected. Twenty two sedentary young between 18 and 30 years old were evaluated of which two were excluded due low energetic expenditure during activity when compared to the predicted value. In this study, calibrated ergoespirometry VO2000® with face mask was used to find energetic expenditure. Polar heart rate monitor was utilized for heart rate measurements during rest (30 minutes), and Xbox 360® Kinect game was employed for activities (20 minutes). Based on energetic substrate predominantly used by each volunteer, we named Group I (higher consumption of carbohydrates) and Group II (higher utilization of lipids). Most volunteers (n=17) preferentially used carbohydrates; only three volunteers predominantly spent lipids. Group I utilized more calories than Group II. Results showed that carbohydrates were the energetic substrate more used for proposed activity with video game which is probably related to the activity time/game.


Information technology's growth has led to an obsession to provide better and more communication services than ever before. Computer communication networks are the latest manifestation of this obsession. Computer networks have been playing an increasingly larger role in our day to day activities. However, there is technology available that makes it possible for us to envision simultaneous transmission of voice, video, graphics and text over the same network. Such networks are called broadband integrated services digital networks (B-ISDNs). For a B-ISDN to be successful, certain critical issues such as congestion control, routing and error detection have to be tackled. Congestion is an inherent problem for networks with multiple user access when the load exceeds what can be handled even with optimal routing. Window flow control and rate flow control schemes are discussed.


Dealing with conflict in nursing is a relatively uncommon practice, especially in the public health nursing literature. Public health nursing is defined as protecting and promoting population health using nursing, social, and public health sciences knowledge (APHN, 1996). The public health nurse (PHN) is a major health provider in Japan.


A new liquid-phase ion gun ( LPIG ) technique was developed for safe generation of sulfide ions on metal surfaces in solution, though the LPIG was originally a local chloride ion-generating system used to investigate localized corrosion on metal surfaces as an application of scanning electrochemical microscopy. A silver/silver sulfide microelectrode was used as a liquid-phase sulfide ion gun ( LPSIG ) instead of a silver/silver chloride microelectrode of an LPIG. Cathodic polarization of the LPSIG microelectrode resulted in the generation of hydrogen sulfide ions in the vicinity of the microelectrode and provided a safe electrochemical environment containing hydrogen sulfide ions. The generation of hydrogen sulfide ions from the LPSIG and the degradation behavior of surfaces of a silver or a type-316L stainless steel are mainly reviewed here. The potential of the LPSIG technique for investigation of hydrogen sulfide-induced corrosion is also discussed.


Substance P can stimulate secretion of tumor necrosis from astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here I report that Chilbogeum can modulate cytokines secretion from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. Chilbogeum significantly inhibited the secretion by astrocytes stimulated with LPS and Substance P. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. Treatment of Chilbogeum to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and Substance P decreased IL-1 secretion significantly. The secretion of by LPS and Substance P in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with increasing amount of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Upon stimulation from various agents, these cells adopt a reactive phenotype, a morphological hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, during which they themselves may produce still more inflammatory cytokines. Chilbogeum significantly inhibited the secretion by CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells stimulated with and IL-1. These results suggest that Chilbogeum may inhibit secretion by inhibiting IL-1 secretion and that Chilbogeum has an antiinflammatory activity in AD brain.


Hopea canarensis Hole has been rediscovered from the type locality after a lapse of nearly 80 years and is described here in detail with notes on phenology, distribution and associated plants. The differences between Hopea canarensis and two closely allied Hopea species are tabulated.


Pile breakwater is an alternative coastal structure to prevent coastal erosion considering the economic and technical aspect. An improved design for pile breakwater is proposed here. Our goal is to develop an assessment tool in planning the implementation of pile breakwater. This tool is based on numerical model that has been verified with physical model result. The wave spectrum show that the numerical model is able to simulate the wave as same as the physical model with overestimation. It also points out that the simulation with wave period (T) = 2.5 s has more significant noise than the simulation with wave period (T) = 2 s. In general, the numerical model has high accuracy for predicting incident wave height (Hi), transmitted wave height (Ht) and transmission coefficient (KT) with error below 1 % RMSE. Xbeach is also able to simulate pile breakwater with high accuracy especially for two or three row arrangement with width gap 0.3 m. Even so, the numerical model have limitation regarding wave phase and wave through irregularity. Pile breakwater is an alternative coastal structure to prevent coastal erosion considering the economic and technical aspect. An improved design for pile breakwater is proposed here. Our goal is to develop an assessment tool in planning the implementation of pile breakwater. This tool is based on numerical model that has been verified with physical model result. The wave spectrum show that the numerical model is able to simulate the wave as same as the physical model with overestimation. It also points out that the simulation with wave period (T) = 2.5 s has more significant noise than the simulation with wave period (T) = 2 s. In general, the numerical model has high accuracy for predicting incident wave height (Hi), transmitted wave height (Ht) and transmission coefficient (KT) with error below 1 % RMSE. Xbeach is also able to simulate pile breakwater with high accuracy especially for two or three row arrangement with width gap 0.3 m. Even so, the numerical model have limitation regarding wave phase and wave through irregularity.


The pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen levels on growth and content of endogenous hormones of cigar wrapper leaves.The results showed:(1) Promoting the nitrogen applying could increase the N content and chlorophyll content in leaves and could also enlarge leaf area of cigar wrapper leaves.(2) CTK content,CTK/ABA and chlorophyll content had a terribly significantly positive coefficient with nitrogen content in leaves.(3) ABA content had a terribly significantly positive coefficient with leaf area,as well as a terribly significantly negatively coefficient with chlorophyll content;CTK and GA content had a terribly significantly positive coefficient with chlorophyll content.The growth of leaf,endogenous hormone content and its balance were closely related to nitrogen applying.Improving the level of nitrogen fertilizer applying can adjust and control the endogenous hormone content in leaves,thus affect the leaves growth.


This technical report presents the work carried out for the Patent Pas- sage Retrieval track of CLEF-IP 2012. Our aim was to create IR-Platform inde- pendent module for the Passage Retrieval process. For the Document retrieval Method - a Language Model based on IPC classes and for the Passage Retrieval a Passage Intellectual property Extractor (PIPExtractor) was implemented. Top- ics with the main language other than English were semi-manually translated by accessing the EPO Google Translation. We submitted five official runs one re- trieving only document and four retrieving Passages.


Growing housing deficit in Nigeria, particularly in
urban areas, has resulted to various housing problems such as
overcrowding, homelessness, slum and squatter developments. Despite the myriad
of housing policies and programmes to solve the housing deficit, the desire
goals have not been achieved, hence the adoption of organized Private Sector
housing delivery in 2002. This research is an assessment of the Affordability
of Organized Private Sector Housing Delivery in Nigeria. We adopted
cross-sectional survey and multi-stage sampling technique. Two states with the
prevalence of organized private sector housing developers (OPSHD) in each of
the six (6) geo-political zones of Nigeria were selected. Ten Percent (1950)
households were randomly selected from the occupied houses (19,500) in all the
estates. The structured questionnaires administered on 1950 household heads
focused on demographic characteristics (age, sex, and household size) and
housing affordability variables (income, housing expenditure and access to
mortgage). Questionnaire administered on OPSHD focused on types of houses
produced, selling prices and terms. Affordability rating scale (normal ≤ 30%;
tolerable 30.1% - 50% and stressed > 50%) was used to measure housing affordability. The
study revealed that 42.4%; 36.9% and 20.6% of households have normal, tolerable
and stressed housing affordability respectively. The implication of these
findings is that organized private sector housing is not affordable to most
Nigerians, particularly the low and medium income households; and therefore
need to be assisted. A more efficient mortgage with better penetration among
the low and medium income household is desirable. Also, "rent-and-own" option
should be considered to enhance affordability of low and medium income
households.


ScAlMgO4 (SCAM) substrates with a small lattice-mismatch to GaN and c-plane cleavability are promising for fabricating high-quality free-standing GaN wafers. To reduce the cost in the fabrication of free-standing GaN wafers, the reuse of a SCAM substrate is demonstrated. By cleaving a SCAM substrate which has been already utilized for the growth of a thick GaN film by halide vapor phase epitaxy, the atomically flat surface can be obtained. The threading dislocation density of a 320 μm thick GaN film grown on this cleaved SCAM substrate is 2.4 × 107 cm−2, which is almost the same as that on a new SCAM substrate. This result indicates that a SCAM substrate can be reused for GaN growth.


The article is devoted to the genesis and specificity of forming ecopolitics in Western European countries and Russia. The author analyzes transformation from conception of ecological findings to the conception of ecological risks determined main ways of modern ecopolitics.


Imaging spectroscopy, the collection of hundreds of contiguous narrow-band images, offers an improvement over site-specific fiber optic reflectance measurements by combining both spatial and spectral information. We have focused on developing portable high sensitivity hyperspectral cameras capable to operate at low light levels, which is necessary for the examination of paintings, drawings, illuminated manuscripts. The cameras operate from the visible (380 to 750 nm) and Near-infrared (750 to 2500 nm) and have both high spectral (2.4 to 4 nm) sampling and high spatial sampling (0.2 to 0.1 mm per pixel at the artwork). The cameras utilize transmission-grating spectrometers and state-of-the-art infrared detectors, such as InGaAs and InSb arrays. Use of a whiskbroom-scanning mirror allows for a portable system as it eliminates the need to translate the camera across the painted surface.


The effect of leukoreduction and storage periods on the accumulation of bioactive lysophospholipids and substances in human autologous blood (AB units) has not been fully investigated.


Objective To evaluate the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and NO on corneal neovascularization.Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits were made corneal neovascularization model.Corneal neovascularization was observed.The content of NO was measured by enzymic method,and the changed expressions of VEGF in burned cornea were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively analyzed in burned group and N~G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)treated group in different times after burn.Results The expression of VEGF and content of NO were increased quickly after burn,and decreased gradually afterward.The area of corneal neovascularization,the area density value of VEGF and the content of NO in L-NAME group were decreased significantly compared with burned group(P0.01,P0.05).On the 4th day,7th day and 14th day after burn,the areas of CNV in burned group and L-NAME treated group were respectively (20.93±0.65) mm~2,(29.73±1.78) mm~2 and (48.72±2.62) mm~2;(16.70±0.64) mm~2,(21.87±0.97) mm~2 and (34.74±1.47) mm~2.On the 1st day,4th day,7th day and 14th day after burn,the area density values of VEGF in burned group and L-NAME treated group were respectively 0.081 2±0.002 5,0.102 9±0.004 4, 0.076 4 ±0.002 3 and 0.017 2±0.000 8;0.051 6±0.002 6,0.082 3±0.001 9,0.036 3± 0.001 5 and 0.016 9±0.000 5,and the contents of NO in burned group and L-NAME treated group were (6.58±0.07)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 ,(6.90±0.03)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 ,( 6.41 ±0.03)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 and (6.04±0.05)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 ;(6.44±0.06)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 ,(6.61±0.05)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 ,(6.21±0.02)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 and (5.95±0.03)μWTB8mol·gprot~ -1 ,respectively.At the same time,the area density value of VEGF presented significant positive correlation with the content of NO(r=0.962,P0.01).Conclusion Both VEGF and NO could participate the process of corneal neovascularization.L-NAME,a broad spectrum NOS inhibitor,could inhibit activity of VEGF through degrading the content of NO,accordingly suppressing corneal neovascularization.


Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to most industries by enhancing automation and contributing greatly to efficient processes and high-quality production. This research analyzes the applications of AI-based automobile accident prevention systems. It deals with AI-based collision prevention systems that learn information from various sensors attached to cars and AI-based accident detection systems that automatically report accidents to the control center in the event of a collision. Based on the literature review, technological and institutional changes are taking place at the national levels, which recognize the effectiveness of the systems. In addition, start-ups at home and abroad as well as major car manufacturers are in the process of commercializing auto parts equipped with AI-based collision prevention technology.


Objective To investigate the differential diagnostic value of the combination of ultrasound scoring system and tumor marker by using Two-dimensional ultrasound and color doppler flow image and tumor marker which include CA125,CA199,AFP and CEA in benigh or malignant ovarian tumors.Methods Total 449 cases of ovarian tumor who need operation were enrolled in this study.Ultrasound scoring system was summarized before operation.The content of CA125, CA199, AFP and CEA were detected during the same period.The diagnosis results and the pathological reports were both observed.Results (1) Tumor marker.The content of CA125 ≥35 U/mL and/or CA199 ≥27 KU/L and/orAFP ≥10 ng/mL and/or CEA ≥5 ng/mL were diagnosed as malignant tumor.The rates of sensitivity was 81.63%,specifity was 70.90%,positive predictive value was 69.26% and negative predictive value was 82.78%. (2) The combination of ultrasound scoring system and tumormarker in diagnosis of benigh or malignant ovarian tumors.The rates of sensitivity was 94.39%,specifity was 69.67%,positive predictive value was 71.43% and negative predictive value was 93.92%.Conclusion The combination of ultras ound scoring system and tumor marker is good to differentiate the benignancy from the malignancy of ovarian tumors.


English Abstract: This paper uses a comparative legal history approach to examine the "private" law of the family in France, Italy, and the major English-speaking countries in order to clarify the fundamental notions of the family which predated the welfare state. It is suggested that a major cleavage exists, historically, between an autonomous family law in France and Italy oriented around notions of familial solidarity, sibling interdependence and equality, and intergenerational continuity; and a family law in the English-speaking countries marked by a preoccupation with the protection of property rights and the independence of individual family members. These contrasts reveal differing societal conceptions about the importance of family life, and resulted in the earlier emergence and higher legitimacy of maternal and child benefits in France and Italy than in the English-speaking countries. French Abstract: Cette dissertation emploie en examen historique legal pour examiner le droit "prive" de la famille en France, en Italie, et dans tous les pays majeurs anglophones, pour clarifier la notion fondamentale de la famille qui predate l'etat social. On suggere qu'une division existe, historiquement, entre un droit de la famille autonome et un droit de la famille dans les pays anglophones, qui est note par une preoccupation avc la protection des droits de propriete et avec l'independance des membres individuels de la famille. Ces contrastes revelent ds conceptions societales differentes a l'egard de l'importance de la vie familiale, et ont donne comme resultat l'emergence plus tot et la legitimite plus elevee des allocations pour les meres et les enfants en France et en Italie que dans les pays anglophones.


This research-creation dissertation focuses on the emergence of electroclash as a dominant form of electronic dance music in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Electroclash combines the extended pulsing sections of techno, house and other dance musics with the trashier energy of rock and new wave. The genre signals an attempt to reinvigorate dance music with a sense of sexuality, personality and irony. Electroclash also emphasizes, rather than hides, the European, trashy elements of electronic dance music. This project addresses the following questions: what is distinct about the genre and its related practices, both in and out of the studio? Why do rock and electro come together at this point and in this way? Why is electroclash affectively powerful for musicians, audiences and listeners? And, what does the genre portend in terms of our understandings of the politics of electronic music?
The coming together of rock and electro is examined vis-a-vis the ongoing changing sociality of music production/distribution and the changing role of the producer. Numerous women, whether as solo producers or in the context of collaborative groups, significantly contributed to shaping the aesthetics and production practices of electroclash, an anomaly in the history of popular music and electronic music where the role of the producer has typically been associated with men. These changes are discussed in relation to the way key electroclash producers often used a hybrid approach to production involving the integration of new(er) technologies, such as laptops containing various audio production software with older, inexpensive keyboards, microphones, samplers and drum machines to achieve the ironic backbeat laden hybrid electro-rock sound.


We introduce a product-form approximation for tandem networks with Poisson arrivals and non-exponential service times. The proposed technique perturbates the model st ate space to match the sufficient conditions for product-form solution provided by the Compound Reversed Agent Theorem (RCAT). After characterizing the relation between RCAT product-forms and matrix geometric solutions, we develop an algorithm bas ed on nonlinear programming that automatically searches for an approximating product-form model. I. I NTRODUCTION We consider a tandem model composed by two queues processing requests arriving at the first queue according to a Poisson process with rate λ. Both queues have infinite capacity and schedule requests according to a first-come firs tserved policy. Service times are phase-type distributed, t hus they can fit a wide range of distributions including exponential, hyper-exponential, hypo-exponential, and heavy -t il distributions. Phase-type distributions are defined using the method of phases, thus time is modeled using passage times in continuous-time Markov chains; upon activation of a tagged transition, a service time sample is generated as the cumula tive time elapsed from the last activation of a tagged transition . Throughout this paper, we represent phase-type distribute d service times using the Markovian arrival process (MAP) not ation. Denote withμk,k′ the rate of a tagged transition between statesk and k, a MAP is described by a pair of matrices (D0, D1) whereμk,k′ is the entry in rowk and columnk of D1, while D0 = Q−D1, beingQ the infinitesimal generator of the underlying continuous-time Markov chain that does no t distinguish between tagged and untagged transitions. Let u s call queuea the first queue to receive jobs, and let queue b be the second queue. We denote with (Da0 , D a 1) and (D b 0, D b 1) the service processes respectively of the first and second qu eue and assume that the number of phases are K andH . II. RCAT CONDITIONS FORTANDEM QUEUES Product-form approximations of state probabilities are ob tained using the RCAT theorem [4]. RCAT provides sufficient conditions for communicating Markov processes to enjoy a product-form solution in their joint state space. RCAT has The work of G. Casale was supported by the Imperial College Ju nior Research Fellowship. The work of P. G. Harrison and M. G. Vigl iotti was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Researc h Council of the United Kingdom, research grant number EP/D047587/1. also been shown to unify existing product-form results for queueing networks, stochastic Petri nets, and to drive the definition of new product-forms [1]. In RCAT, a feed-forward tandem network is represented by two communicating Markov processes with infinitesimal generators Q : (n, k) → (n, k) for queuea andQ : (m, h) → (m, h) for queueb, wheren is the number of jobs in queue a and k is the active phase in its service process, the population m and phaseh are similarly defined for queueb. The equilibrium probabilities of Q and Q are denoted respectively by the vectors αn, n ≥ 0, andβm, m ≥ 0, whereαn,k is thekth element ofαn describing the equilibrium probability of state (n, k); similarly, the elementβm,h of βm is the probability of state(m, h) in queueb. The tandem network state space is then obtained by composingQ andQ, see [4] for related background. RCAT's conditions for a product form solution in the joint process given by the composition of Q and Q are as follows [4]: C1) queueb can accept an incoming job in any of its states(m, h); C2) each state(n, k) of queuea has an incoming transition for each tagged event corresponding to a job arrival at queueb – such transitions are called active transitions; C3) the sum of reversed rates of all active transitions incoming to any state(n, k) is constant (within each class of transition in a multi-class model). where we here consider the formulation of C3 proposed in [8]. If all the above conditions are simultaneously satisfied, th en the equilibrium distribution of the model becomes


There are several applications either currently in production or in late stage R&D, for UV-based Nanoimprint Lithography (UV-NIL) and Hot Embossing (HE) that require a full-field imprint technology in order to make these processes either feasible or costeffective. These applications cover a wide range of features sizes from the millimeter range down to sub-100 nm. Because of the total thickness variation (TTV) associated with the imprinted substrates, full-field imprinting requires fabrication of a "soft" or "working" stamp from a "hard" stamp usually made from materials such as nickel, quartz or silicon. Several materials and processes have previously been identified that allow for full-field imprinting, however, these materials all have drawbacks associated with them that hinder their movement into High Volume Manufacturing (HVM) environments. EV Group Inc (EVG) has, in cooperation with our NILCOMTM partners, identified a novel set of polymeric materials and stamp fabrication processes that allow for full-field imprinting solutions suitable for these HVM environments. These materials have proven effective for imprinting at both millimeter feature sizes all the way down to 50 nm - full field. These materials, and the processes associated with their fabrication into working/soft stamps, should allow for a superior cost-of-ownership benefit and facilitate the movement of imprint lithography into industrial applications.


The paper proposes new experimental, mechanical, and numerical procedures for solving the problem of experimental determination of rail residual stresses. Basically it brings an idea of a new and original experimental scheme, which can be looked upon as modification and development of the established in the field and informally recognized as standard Battelle technique. The new methodology of examination, however, discontinues expensive and troublesome Meier sectioning, replacing it with oblique slicing that brings information of the residual stresses in rotated coordinate systems. Based only on transverse and oblique slice measurements a new mechanical procedure restores iteratively a full 3D stress state that was originally in the rail. Application of complex mathematical procedures like physically based approximation techniques (embodiment of physical relations into approximation equations) and a full 3D model of the continuum (finite element analysis) along with moire interferometry measurements ensures high quality final results that are mechanically consistent with the applied model of the continuum. The paper discusses in detail mechanical background of the technique, experimental procedure and algorithms of numerical data handling and enhancement. An extensive range of tests show results of an in-depth investigation into the technique that has been carried out on simulated data. Possible extensions to the technique and further research plans also are shown.


Background Neuromuscular impairment makes individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) more prone to drooling. Among the treatment options, there are procedures that interfere with saliva production. It is imperative to evaluate the effect of the different modalities since the reduction in salivary flow rate/production may exacerbate the risk of dental caries. Material and Methods The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different treatments for drooling on caries risk and salivary parameters in children and adolescents with CP. Study design A total of 142 children and adolescents with CP, aged 6 to 18 years, were assigned to groups based on the different treatments they had received for drooling: G1—anticholinergic drugs (n = 18), G2—botulinum toxin injection (n = 16), G3—salivary glands surgery (n = 16), G4—no treatment (n = 42), and G5—non-drooling subjects (n = 50). All participants were evaluated on the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, and for the prevalence of dental caries (decayed, missing, and filled teeth index and white spot lesions). Unstimulated whole saliva was collected, and salivary flow rate and osmolality were measured. Chi-square, ANOVA and Poisson regression were calculated. Prevalence ratios and their respective 95 % confidence intervals were obtained. The significance level was fixed at 5%. Results No differences were found in the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (p = 0.128) and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (p = 0.674) among the different groups. G3 presented significantly higher percentages of WSL (p<0.001), lower values of salivary flow rate (p<0.001), and higher values of osmolality (p<0.001). The white spot lesion prevalence ratio was higher only for G3 (Prevalence ratio = 14.36; IC 95% = 4.64-44.40; p<0.001). Conclusions Children and adolescents with CP who had received surgical treatment for drooling exhibited higher number of white spot lesions because of the reduced salivary flow rate and higher salivary osmolality. Key words:Cerebral palsy, saliva, sialorrhea, dental caries, osmolar concentration.


A novel data writing method is proposed in a 1T2C-type ferroelectric memory, in which two ferroelectric capacitors with the same area are connected to the gate electrode of a MOSFET. The writing method has such an advantage that the ferroelectric capacitors are well polarized, even if the gate capacitance is relatively large. A cell structure suitable for this writing method is also proposed, which has another advantage that the cell array can easily be fabricated. SPICE simulation shows that stable operation of this cell can be expected when the device parameters are optimized.


The currency board (Convertibility) collapsed between December 2001 and January 2002, after almost 11 years in force. The trends leading to the meltdown continued in the following months, plunging half of the population into poverty and one third into extreme poverty. Only six months later, the government managed to stabilize the exchange rate and, from that moment onwards, the monetary and financial operation of the economy started to return to normality, contributing to the recovery of the economic activity that had commenced some months before, fostered by import substitution. Since then, the Argentine economy has followed a path of recovery and growth that exceeded even the most optimistic forecasts. There is a broad consensus about the fact that this growth phase is based on healthy fundamentals, unlike past experiences of the country. In particular, the current macroeconomic configuration is characterized by surplus in fiscal accounts and in the current account of the balance of payments. This is an unprecedented feature in the Argentine economic history of the second half of the 20th Century, a period characterized by high growth volatility. Several factors have contributed to the setting of the current macroeconomic regime. The international context has been a favorable element, due to the high prices of the products exported by our country and to the low interest rates. Nevertheless, it seems to be indisputable that the main factors behind the current developments have a domestic origin. Public spending control, tax management and, especially, the public debt restructuring completed at the beginning of 2005 were key factors to achieve the (current and projected) solvency of the fiscal accounts. In turn, the exchange rate policy, aimed at preserving a Competitive and Stable Real Exchange Rate (TCRCE, for its designation in Spanish), favored the reversal of the current account deficit, mainly by generating sizable trade surpluses. Moreover, it played a predominant role in the fast GDP growth since it stimulated tradable sectors' activities and fostered a labor-intensive growth, resulting in a quick decline of the unemployment rate. Despite its many achievements, the TCRCE policy has not been free from criticism and debate. Many domestic and foreign analysts recognize its positive effects on external accounts, on growth and on employment, but they are skeptical about the possibility of keeping it over time. Their objections are mainly related to alleged inconsistencies in the monetary and exchange rate policy management within a context of international financial integration.


Islam in Southeast Asia developed first among the trading community in the port cities. By virtue of this background Islam has progressed in harmony with other religions and local custom. This does not mean that certain Muslim rulers never launched war to defend their territories or even to expand their political influence or pursue their economic interests. Interestingly literature on the holy war or jihād prospered in some parts of Southeast Asian Muslim communities; for example, in Aceh during the last quarter of the 19 t h century. In the light of moderate expression and practice of Islam in Southeast Asia, how can we locate the recent upsurge of activism or even radicalism among a segment of Muslims in the context of the vocabularies of earlier, especially the 19 t h and early 20 t h centuries scholars ('ulama')? What kind of social order which these scholars propagate? How was morality and its dissemination pursued in their works? And no less important, did the Patani scholars develop a novel idea concerning society and jihād? I shall compare the various expressions on these topics written by prominent Patani scholars such as Dā'ud al-Fa"ānī (d. circa 1847), Muhammad ibn Ismā'īl al-Fa"ānī (d.1892), Muhammad Nur ibn Muhammad al-Fa"ānī and Ahmad bin Muhammad Zayn al-Fa"ānī (d.1908) with those of their contemporaries in the region. By addressing these issues, this paper attmepts to shed some light on the change and continuity in the dissemination of pristine teachings of Islam among Muslims in Southeast Asia. It has been popularly upheld that recent, or rather during the past three decades, radicalism among a portion of Muslims in Southeast Asia resulted from intensification of global activism and external players using local supporters, networks and agents. I plan to address how moderation has been pursued among the major thinkers and scholars and how some elements of activism has also been identified and smoothly propagated.


We consider the subtractive model repair problem: given a finite Kripke structure M and a CTL formula η, determine if M contains a substructure M′ that satisfies η. Thus, M can be "repaired" to satisfy eta by deleting some transitions and states. We map an instance ⟨ M,η ⟩ of model repair to a Boolean formula repair(M,η) such that ⟨ M,η ⟩ has a solution iff repair(M,η) is satisfiable. Furthermore, a satisfying assignment determines which states and transitions must be removed from M to yield a model M′ of η Thus, we can use any SAT solver to repair Kripke structures. Using a complete SAT solver yields a complete algorithm: it always finds a repair if one exists. We also show that CTL model repair is NP-complete. We extend the basic repair method in three directions: (1) the use of abstraction mappings, that is, repair a structure abstracted from M and then concretize the resulting repair to obtain a repair of M, (2) repair concurrent Kripke structures and concurrent programs: we use the pairwise method of Attie and Emerson to represent and repair the behavior of a concurrent program, as a set of "concurrent Kripke structures", with only a quadratic increase in the size of the repair formula, and (3) repair hierarchical Kripke structures: we use a CTL formula to summarize the behavior of each "box," and CTL deduction to relate the box formula with the overall specification.


The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of three kinds of tertiary brown coals from Guangxi have been characterized in detail. They are composed mainly of aromatic sesqui ,di ,sester and triterpenoid hydrocarbons, with tri and tetra aromatic triterpenoid derived from terrestrial oleanane, ursane and lupane as the predominant species. Secondary in abundance are aromatic sester and sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons,but aromatic diterpenoids, most of the regular PAH are found at trace levels only. It indicates that hydrocarbons derived from angiosperm are main composition of aromatic hydrocarbon. Three kinds of brown coals are good source rocks that have potential producing aromatic base crude.


This publication is an up-to-date review of the papers published by the researchers of the Oceanographic Research Center of Abidjan, since its beginnings (1958-1978).


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: tsunami hazard evaluation method is realised using a device having a housing with a dome-shaped cover and bottom, a base, a stiffener, a discharge shaft, an auxiliary connection, four sectors, input apertures, anemometers, an underwater communication cable, a radio buoy, a level gauge, an anchor, seabed, guy cables, an OR element, threshold units, a relay, a power supply unit, a multivibrator, a multivibrator relay, a resistor, a transmitter, a carrier frequency clock, a modulating code generator, a phase-shift modulator, a signalling key, a power amplifier, a transmitting antenna, an earth satellite transponder, a receiving antenna, a heterodyne, a mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a phase-shift keyed signal detector (selector), spectrum analysers, a phase doubler, a comparator unit, a threshold unit, a delay line, an audio alarm, a switch, narrow-band filters, a phase detector, a recording unit, clocks, pseudorandom sequence generators, a frequency detector, a flip-flop and two-way balance switch. EFFECT: high reliability of transmitting alarm information from radio buoys to a ground-based station through an earth satellite transponder using phase-shift keyed composite signals with pseudorandom tuning of the operating frequency and tsunami hazard evaluation by eliminating the phenomenon of second type sign ambiguity. 6 dwg


Persistent organic pollutants and mercury are important contaminants due to their persistence in the environment and potential toxic effects on ecosystems and humans. Concerns related to these contaminants are particularly pertinent in Asia where the use of pesticides and mercury emissions have been increasing dramatically due to changing agricultural practices and rapidly expanding industrialization. Based on studies in European and North American mountain regions, evidence is increasing that alpine regions function as regional convergence zones for selected organic pollutants due to an effect called orographic cold trapping. It is hypothesized that such an effect may be particularly pronounced in the Himalaya because of dramatic elevational temperature and precipitation gradients relative to contaminant source regions in its immediate vicinity, and because of the regional monsoon system that has been shown to deliver particles and inorganic air pollutants to higher altitudes. A review of studies of persistent organic pollutants and mercury in the Himalayan ecosystem reveals that measurements of these contaminants are sparse and rarely adhere to strict quality control procedures, making it difficult to judge whether relatively high concentrations reported for these materials are indeed an indication of efficient transfer of toxic contaminants to Himalayan ecosystems. Knowledge gaps are identified and suggestions are made for research that would allow for the testing of the hypothesis that the Himalaya is an important cold trap for semi-volatile organic contaminants and mercury.


The paper researches on cooling construction for the second guiding blade of a turbine,combined with parametric feature modeling technology,making conjugated heat transfer calculation.The research results show that temperature uniformity on the external blade,especially temperature on the area of impingement is significantly lower than the trailing edge area,and cooling effect on the impingement area is better than the suction surface.Temperature gradient is bigger in the low pressure guiding blade,the inner wall is cooled uniformly by impingement and transverse flow effect.


An experimental assessment of the recently introduced event-triggered sliding mode control approach is presented in this paper. The major design requirement, in this approach, is to reduce the number of transmissions over the network, while guaranteeing that the sliding mode control is stabilizing with appropriate robustness in front of matched uncertainties. In the present paper a novel Event-Triggered Sliding Mode Control algorithm is first introduced and discussed and then it is compared with two different Model-Based Event-Triggered Sliding Mode Control algorithms. Finally, their experimental assessment is reported, obtaining satisfactory performance consistent with the theoretical treatment and fulfilling all the design requirements.


A product for the royal court of France, The Hours of Henry VIII created around 1500 by Jean Poyet, is one of the most splendid Books of Hours from this period. This magnificently illustrated lay book of daily devotions and prayers contains fifty-seven exquisitely hand-painted images all reproduced here together and in colour for the first time. The previously little-known Poyet (active c.1483-1503) enjoyed patronage at the courts of three French Kings. Not only an illuminator of manuscripts of the highest quality, Poyet also created panel paintings, elaborate drawings, and designed theatrical spectacles, all in a style that links Fouquet to Poussin. Author Roger S. Wieck provides a thorough examination of the importance both of this grand manuscript within its art historical context and of Poyet's artistic achievements, which fluidly merged the cool, late Gothic aesthetic of his native northern France with the avant-garde Renaissance style of northern Italy. All known works by Poyet are discussed and illustrated. The volume is enriched with detailed commentaries by William M. Voelkle and K. Michelle Hearne on each section of the Book of Hours and an analysis of the fascinating history of the manuscript (tradition holds that it was once in the collection of Henry VIII, hence its name today).


This is an account of a key decade for Ireland - the formation, rebellion and suppresion of the United Irishmen. Drawing together contemporary newspaper articles, letters and reports, this book presents the decade of the United Irishmen. Relying on these primary sources, John Killen shows readers the hope, the drama and ultimate tragedy of a period that still resonates for Irish people. John Killen is the author of "The Famine Decade: 1841-1851".