A thorough outlook on the origin of life needs to delineate a chemically rigorous, self-consistent path from highly heterogeneous, random ensembles of relatively simple organic molecules, to an entity that has rudimentary life-like characteristics. Such entity should be endowed with a capacity to express variation, undergo mutation-like changes and manifest a simple evolutionary process. For simulating such system we developed the Graded Autocatalysis Replication Domain (GARD) model for explicit kinetic analysis of mutual catalysis in sets of random oligomers derived from energized precursor monomers. The kinetic properties of the GARD model are based on vesicle enclosure and expansion. With the additional assumption of spontaneous vesicle splitting, a GARD evolution scenario is envisaged as a consequence of pure chemical kinetics. Here we show how the GARD model can serve as a platform for investigating the dynamics of self-organization mechanisms in molecular evolutionary processes. ? 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 82.20.Mj; 82.20.Wt; 64.60.Lx; 82.65.Fr; 82.65.Jv


Pumping of heavy crudes as concentrated oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions may be a feasible pipeline transport scheme for viscous crudes. Many crude oils can be emulsified by treatment with alkali without the addition of expensive surfactants. In experimental studies of seven crudes, stable emulsions could be formed with four by alkali treatment; two could not be emulsified; and one formed unstable emulsions. High shear viscosity, particle size, and stability measurements on 60% emulsions formed with various amounts of alkali are reported. High shear viscosities below 100 mPa . s (100 cp) at 25/sup 0/C (77/sup 0/F) indicate that concentrated emulsions of some crudes can be transported in pipelines at concentrations of 60% and higher.


Compliance with the regulations in every particular may absolve the various airways corporations from charges of carelessness or neglect when supported by all the necessary certificates required by the reguiations, but nobody could possibly claim that they are an absolute preventive. Only quarantine can do that. To insist on quarantine in the case of every passenger is manifestly unnecessary and impracticable. It was to avoid delay and inconvenience to travellers by sea that the system of sanitary surveillance was adopted by the Paris Convention, and on the whole it has worked well. It must not be forgotten that in travelling by sea infectious disease may reveal itself in the course of the voyage. Travel by air, by reason of its speed, is deprived of that natural safeguard to a very great extent. To conform to the different conditions as far as possible, recourse is recommended to preventive inoculation by the Air Convention. As we know from past experience, inoculation is by no means an absolute preventive. It may, in fact, modify diseases to a subclinical and much less easily recognized type, in which the sufferer is just as much a possible source of infection. Moreover, noncarriers may be converted to carriers. This appears to have been foreseen to some extent by the adoption of a form of sanitary surveillance (vide " Health Regulations for Entry into the United Kingdom ") and the " warning card " to be given to the patient's doctor. This measure is by no means foolproof. Pressure of business and shortness of sojourn are apt to cause the patient to "fight the disease" so that he may be able to get through his work in the time at his disposal. He. may try to rationalize his symptoms as " another go of my old dysentery (or malaria) " until it lays him low and he has to call in a doctor, by which time he' will probably have spread infection. His doctor may be unfamiliar with tropical diseases and inclined to accept the patient's own diagnosis until the illness takes a more serious turn. I do not think too much value should be given to "personal .declarations of health" for the same reason. It has not been unknown in the past for an individual to make a false statement for reasons of expediency to avoid being held up. Persons who make false statements or fail to comply with instructions may be a great menace, and if detected should be liable to heavy penalties. It would be a sound step if every airport which receives aircraft from overseas had provision for the temporary reception and rapid diagnosis in cases of illness in persons " deplaning." This should have facilities for blood and stool examinations on the spot, and the airport medical officer should be a man with consid'erable tropical experience. Such provision is a matter for each country to make the arrangements which it considers to be most efficient. It is not uncommon to find that persons who have lived in hot countries are carriers of typhoid or dysentery. I have seen a perfectly fit and healthy person who, in the course of a routine examination, was proved to be a cholera carrier. These are risks that have to be taken. It would be too much to hope that we may continue to escape from air-borne infection indefinitely. Hence the importance of adequate provision for isolation and rapid diagnosis. I wonder who invented the horrible words " disinsectization" and " disinsection " ? Would not " disinfestation " have served the purpose ?-I am, etc.,


The clustering phenomenon in heavy nuclei is discussed in this paper within the relativistic mean field(RMF) approach.The clusters observed in experiments are obtained through the calculated binding energy distributions according to the RMF theory.The results indicate that the RMF theory is well for the study of clustering in heavy nuclei.


This paper presents the results of an investigation on selective deposition of silicon oxide using poly-perfluoro-alkylacrylate (PPFAA) which has a significantly low surface energy. Under the condition that silicon oxide film can be deposited on Si, SiO2 and OFPR resist, no deposition is observed on PPFAA. This technique is successfully applied to the formation of fine patterns having a minimum dimension of 0.1 µm.


The EPR spectra of Mn2+ were studied in the As–S–I and As–Te–I glass systems over a range of iodine concentration. For all samples the main spectral line was centered at g=2.00. Exchange narrowing was sometimes present with the higher manganese concentrations. Some of the As–S–I glasses exhibited partially resolved hyperfine structure. In the case of the As–Te–I glasses, under certain conditions an additional line was observed at g=4.3. This line was explained as arising from a particular zero field splitting, and it was found that |E|∼ |D/3|.


IL-27 can drive the expression of co-inhibitory receptors on T cells, such as PD-1, TIM-3 and podoplanin, which may inhibit T cell functions during chronic inflammation and tumor development. However, the role of IL-27 in regulating anti-tumor immunity is still controversial. Here, we identified a tumor-promoting role of DC-derived IL-27 in murine hepatocellular carcinoma models. IL-27-p28 conditional knockout (KO) in DCs had significantly reduced tumor growth compared with the wild type (WT) controls. The numbers of T cells and NK cells were increased in the tumor microenvironment and the productions of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in T cells and NK cells were also enhanced in IL-27 KO mice compared with the WT mice. Moreover, deficiency of IL-27 in DCs did not affect the expression of co-inhibitory receptors on T cells from naïve mice, but reduced the expression level of PD-1 on tumor infiltrating T cells. Interestingly, when WT mice received fecal microbiota transplant from IL-27 KO mice, the tumor growth was significantly reduced. Therefore, DC-derived IL-27 may regulate anti-tumor immune response through the modulation of gut microbiota. Furthermore, we discovered that the commensal bacteria, bifidobacterium and akkermansia, were increased in IL-27 deficient tumor-bearing mice compared with the WT controls. These two strains were found to be increased during anti-PD-L1 or anti-PD-1 antibody therapy and may promote anti-tumor immunity. Thus, our results demonstrated that DC-derived IL-27 could promote tumor growth by suppressing anti-tumor immune responses possibly through the modulation of gut microbiota.


Joshua Uzoigwe and Meki Nzewi are distinguished African musicians from Nigeria. A trained ethnomusicologist, pianist, and drummer, Uzoigwe is widely regarded as a leading exponent of art music in Nigeria. This study of ukom originated in a PhD thesis presented to the Queen's University of Belfast, and is his most extended ethnomusicologi? cal publication to date. Nzewi is a multitalented artist and intellectual. Composer, master drummer, dramatist, choreographer, and ethnomusi? cologist, he is also active as a creative writer. Specialists will know his writ? ings on the Igbo varieties of African music, and will be aware of the important reorientation represented by his concept of melorhythm, a term designed to sensitize users to the melodic and rhythmic aspects of drum? ming and to undermine Western overemphasis on the percussive or nonpitched aspects ("Melorhythm Essence and 'Hot Rhythm' in Nigerian Folk Music"). This new book is neither his most ambitious nor his most extensive (there are pedagogical works awaiting publication, an earlier volume on musical practice and creativity, and another on Ese music?see list of publications on p. 94 of the present work). Nevertheless, it represents his most direct, comprehensive, and provocative statement about African music scholarship and creativity. Providing joint notice of these publications in this journal should not imply the existence of deeper parallels. It is true that both musicians stud? ied with the legendary John Blacking in Belfast, that they have made their professional careers on the African continent, and that, like others in var? ious African universities, they have had to wear many hats in order to meet local demands for training students in music. There is a less elevated rea? son for this joint notice, however. Uzoigwe's book, published in Nigeria, would have remained unknown in North America had the author not


We investigate the structural and dynamic properties of active Brownian particles (APs) confined within a soft annulus-shaped channel. Depending on the strength of the confinement and the P\'eclet number, we observe a novel re-entrant behavior that is not present in unconfined systems. Our findings are substantiated by numerical simulations and analytical considerations, revealing that this behavior arises from the strong coupling between the P\'eclet number and the effective confining dimensionality of the APs. Beyond highlighting the important influence of soft boundaries on APs, our research holds significance for future applications of micro-robotic systems.


Abstract This paper seeks to answer the following question: does it still make sense today to speak of political emancipation, in particular in the sense bequeathed to us by Marx, as emancipation from capitalism? I consider three serious objections to this possibility: the objection that reference to "capitalism" is unduly essentialist in view of the multiplicity of historical situations; the anti-utopian objection according to which the programme of emancipation from capitalism lacks any precise, practical content; and the normative objection that emancipation in and of itself does not specify the norms of the putative post-capitalist society. In the final section of the paper, I attempt to respond to these three objections, and seek to outline the different levels at which something like an emancipatory project, understood as a surpassing of capitalism, can still make sense today.


The purpose of this report was to investigate whether operators, in the municipality of Ornskoldsvik, comply to current regulations and guidelines regarding oil separator. In addition to this, the ...


In many industrial modern systems (combustors, turbine blades, heat exchangers, etc.), the high gas temperatures and high temperature gradients can result in significant thermal stresses in the solid structures which can lead to serious damage. As a result, a detailed knowledge of heat transfer characteristics is of prime importance in the design process to preserve the integrity of the components under extreme thermal conditions and therefore, an accurate representation of the temperature loading in the solid is essential. Conjugate heat transfer (CHT) is used to describe thermal interactions between fluid and solid, and then improve accuracy of temperature predictions. This study deals with development of a coupling strategy at fluid solid interface for transient heat transfer problems. The numerical techniques presented in this paper are based upon a partitioned approach between a finite-volume fluid code and a finite-element solid code interacting with each other at a common interface. A quasi-dynamic method is used to bridge the significant disparity in time scales between the two media. In this approach, the transient conduction modeling in the solid is coupled with a sequence of steady states in the fluid. The quasi-dynamic algorithm was described recently in detail in a previous paper [1]. Influence of frequency of exchanges between the codes is analyzed in this paper, in terms of stability, precision and CPU time. Various frequencies of exchanges are tested on a test-case of flat plate with transient boundary conditions.


In order to reduce rain attenuation in Ka band,a Wiener rain attenuation prediction model is established which is based on the theory of Wiener prediction.This model is based on the rain attenuation of one frequency to reduce the effect of the rain attenuation by controlled the the M of MQAM modulation and the transmission power.Compared with the DAH rain attenuation the simulation results show that the Wiener rain attenuation prediction model has good performance as well as DAH rain attenuation prediction model when the frequency is more than 21 GHz,and the maximal error is less than 0.2 dB.Compared with the DAH model,the Wiener rain attenuation prediction model greatly refines the algorithm,and improves the algorithm efficiency.


The present invention relates to a rod position measurement method. The principle is that an external excitation power supply is adopted to produce an alternating magnetic field and a current, and the inductive reactance of a rod position detector is changed when the screw rod of a control rod is positioned at different positions in the detector, such that the exciting current of a measurement coil is changed so as to acquire the control rod position; the measurement coil and the measurement channel thereof are divided into two completely separate groups so as to be treated, redundancy is formed, and the two groups of the signals are combined when the two groups of the measured rod positions are normal so as to produce the full precision measurement rod position signal; and the half-precision measurement rod position of the control rod is produced if only the one group of the rod position signal is normal. According to the present invention, the rod position measurement method has high reliability and high availability, can be used for improving the existing rod position measurement method on the basis of maintaining of the original rod position detector structure, and is further used for the new rod position detector.


Bragg grating has a local reflection intensity that varies depending on the position along the length of the grating so as to generate a non-uniform wavelength reflection spectrum, non-uniform gain profile of the gain section of the tunable laser device to allow for compensation for. In another embodiment, the comb-shaped Bragg grating, which is also modulated by the envelope function which can compensate for non-uniform gain profile. The comb grating may be a phase change grating shape of the envelope function is controlled by the size of the length and / or phase change between the phase change.


Oejective To study and evaluate the medium term effect in breast-conserving therapy for Ⅰ,Ⅱa stage breast cancer patients.Methods Ninety-six early stage breast cancer patients received breast-conserving therapy during Jan.1995 to Oct.2005.Tumor ≤3cm,peripheral type,age of 31-55(n=44),desired to preserve their breast,and moderate size breast.The primary manner was wide excision of tumor and dissection of axillary lymph node.Adjuvant radiotherapy,chemotherapy and incretion treatment were given postoperatively.Comparing group: 248 breast cancer patients received Auchinclo's at the same time.Results ①There was no remaining of cancer cell at all cut edge.②Pathology: 8 cases in situ cancer,76 cases infiltrative ducting cancer,8 cases mucous gland cancer,4 cases other cancer.③The primary cancer was located in upper-outer quadrant.④Ten patients were axillary lymph node positive.The median of positive nodes was 3.⑤Follow-up: 100% of follow-up rate in the breast-conserving group,the median time of follow-up was 78 months.Survival rate was 100% in five years,2.1% of recurrence rate,and 2.1% of metastasis rate.Comparing group: 90.3% of follow-up rate (224 cases),the median time of follow-up was 86 months.95.5% of survival rate in five years,1.8% of recurrence rate,and 4.9% of metastasis rate.Comparing two groups,survival and recurrent rate were not in significantly difference(P0.05),metastasis rate was in significantly difference(P0.05).⑥Only one breast cancer patient recurred at 37 months in the breast-conserving group,after whole breast resection was done.Follow-up to now,it is 51 months.⑦Syndrome that was short-term symptom and pigmentation after radiotherapy was eliminated within 6 months.⑧Upward of 12months on satisfaction degree was 99.0%,and got ideal appearance was over 90%.Conclusion ①For early stage breast cancer patients,wide excision of tumor and dissection of axillary lymph node and adjuvant radiotherapy lead to excellent local control.②Breast-conserving therapy can get long-term effect like Auchinclo's.③Breast-conserving therapy can gain good cosmetic results.


The week of the Madrid M-11 terrorist bombings was also the last week of the political campaign before the Spanish general elections, held on 14 March 2004. Polls had anticipated a fairly solid Popular Party victory, as the Socialist Workers' Party was lagging by about four percentage points when the last official poll was taken on 7 March. Instead, the Popular Party was seriously defeated by a wide margin, and the Socialist Workers' Party obtained a solid majority of 164 against 148 deputies. On 16 March, US President George W. Bush said on US television that the Spanish electorate had "cowered" to the Islamist terrorists presumed to be responsible for the Madrid attack. This was an idea shared, echoed, or even anticipated by a good number of conservative media in the US and also by politicians in the Bush camp. The Republican Speaker of the House of Representatives, J. Dennis Hastert, was quoted by the New York Times as saying: "They changed their government because of the perception of a threat. Here's a country who stood against terrorism and had a huge terrorist act within their country and they chose to change their government and to, in a sense, appease terrorists" (Sanger and Johnston AO10). The same New York Times piece, however, reports that another member of the Bush administration, Richard L. Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State, took the opposite perspective: "the vote that propelled the Socialists into power in Spain... was a protest by the people against the handling of the terrorist event by the sitting government of Spain" (A10).' For some, then, if not for all, the "cowering" of the Spanish people would


C URRICULUM revision is always a pressing problem for dynamic school systems. As society evolves, the provisions of the secondary school must change. The function of the secondary school today is at least threefold-the preparation of one group of pupils for college, the provision of terminal vocational education for another segment, and the furnishing of a program of education for general living which will meet the needs of both these groups and also of other pupils who are not going to college and for whom the vocational curriculums are not suitable. Small secondary schools must meet this challenge as well as the larger schools. Curriculum expansion and revision in the small high schools has been retarded in many instances by the alleged barrier of college-entrance requirements. However, influenced by studies by Thorndike, Yates, and others, college-entrance requirements have been changing from a subjectmatter pattern to an emphasis on the quality of scholarship. How much change has taken place we do not know. Adequate and functional guidance counselors must have this information in order to advise pupils; secondary-school administrators must have it for use in program planning.


Deterioration in traditional mountain food systems with a decline in agro-biodiversity has made the Himalayan communities more sensitive to environmental degradation. Wild edible varieties from marginal land have shown great characteristics and resistance to the adverse climate changes. This study was conducted to promote and transform the lesser known wild edible produces of Uttarakhand, India into marketable highvalue products through scientific technologies. On the basis of their availability and ethno-botanical properties, eight wild produces were selected. Demographically, 4097 households belonging to 36 villages of two selected districts of Uttarakhand were targeted as major beneficiaries. The complete scope study was carried out in four blocks of Chamoli and one block of Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand. Thereafter, the procurement of wild produces was carried out with complete involvement of stakeholders from 54 villages. The entire research and development was carried out in an Women's Cooperative Centre equipped with modern machinery. Linkage with several research institutions related to product design, processing and preservation was also done to improvize the quality and presentation of the high-value products. Under this intervention, 19 high-value products were successfully developed and launched by the Himalayan Action Research Centre, Alaknanda Women's Cooperative. Thus, local relationship and linkage among the stakeholders were strengthened for sustainable development and intervention of a replicable model in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand.


The School of Management of Southwest University of Political Science & Law has cooperated with Chongqing Heqin Firm to try out the "2+1+1" style-a new accounting talent development mode. It renewed the target of accounting talent development, integrated the curriculum system, established the diversified internship system and bases, employed some experienced specialists as teachers, advocated students' self-management, and proposed the concept of "forceful in practice, capable of management and adept at creativity", which reaped a satisfactory effect on teaching. KEYWORD: University-enterprise cooperation; Accounting talent; Development mode International Conference on Social Science, Education Management and Sports Education (SSEMSE 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 879 development of the students' practical, communicative and problem-solving abilities. In other words, the applied accountant talents of undergraduate will be the talents good at putting the theoretical knowledge into social practice, thus serving the market economy. The accountant majors have not only solid theoretical knowledge of accountant, but also strong practical abilities as accountants. Meanwhile, they also have the abilities of prediction, decisionmaking, organization, management and directing business. The applied accountant talents of undergraduate can keep accounts, cast accounts and submit expense accounts. They also should have total control of a complete financial accounting system. They should have solid theoretical backgrounds and making sound professional judgments, strong abilities of modern information processing, reorganization and analysis. They should familiarize themselves with relevant accounting laws, regulations, and legal norms. They should be very conscious of risks, control, manage and avoid risks of the business activities of the enterprise through strategic management, capital budgeting, risk control, working capital management, performance assessment, international investment decisionmaking, etc. 2 THE PRACTICE OF THE"2+1+1" MODE OF ACCOUNTANT TALENT In order to achieve the goal of the education of accountant talent, a college-enterprise practice platform and two college-enterprise fronts are required to be established, through which the university and corporation can share resources, the talent cultivating program meeting the need of various enterprises can be designed by both the school and the enterprise including professional orientation, the educational standard, curriculum structure, ratio of practice, practice content, etc. and through which the students can be taught by double teachers from both the school and the enterprise and can complete the teaching objectives. 2.1 To Establish a Teaching System of General Knowledge, Specialized Knowledge and Occupational Abilities Relevant courses should be incorporated so that students can form a clear lifetime objective, a healthy personality and a full sense of responsibility for the society. They should have compacted professional backgrounds, wide-scope general knowledge, a strong desire to be creative, keen perception, self-development analysis, knowledgeshifting, corporation and decision-making abilities. They also should have exquisite professional skills, broad vocational view and the abilities of finding and solving problems. 2.2 To build up a Diversified Practical Teaching System and Practice Base The key to the education of the applied accountant talent is to build up a multi-channel teaching system. We have established a city-level practice base outside the campus and a simulation laboratory on the campus founded by the cooperative enterprise. We have also intensified the social practice, social research, professional internship, graduation paper, etc. moreover, we have incorporated relevant curriculums and raise the percentages of practice courses, which is 22.5% currently with 36 credits. The School of Management has established a city-level practice base and employed a close cooperation mode--the closeness of professional backgrounds, of materials, of business practice, and of teaching faculties. The "Heqin Accounting Laboratory" is co-established by the university, well-known financial software companies and Heqin Advisory Agency, and founded by Heqin Advisory Agency. The laboratory directly undertake its business of generation of account, which allows students to operate on all the basic business and procedures all-dimensionally. 2.3 The Main Characteristics of College-enterprise Corporation 2.3.1 Sufficient Business We have directed students into the practice state, from the steps, material preparation and follow-up service, during the practice of "Heqin Accounting Laboratory", the acceptance of generation of account, the agency of industrial and commercial business, capital verification business, the accounting statement auditing, the audit of financial revenue and expenditure. The students' practice cycle is arranged by the university. 2.3.2 The Characteristics of Double-teacher Mode The "double-teacher mode" is that students are taught simultaneously by a teacher teaching theories and the other practices. At the same time, they also are equipped with two instructors--the "theory" instructor is responsible for the student's professional theories study and the "practice" instructor for his professional practice and social practice. The aim is to break through the traditionally mono practice teaching system, to add space for practice teaching, to combine professional theory study and social practice organically, and to combine the students' classroom training and real-


Alzet Osmotic minipumps, attached to the ovarian end of the uterine horn, were used to infuse prostaglandins unilaterally into the uterine lumen of mature ovariectomized rats which had been treated with a regimen of estradiol and progesterone to sensitize the uteri for the decidual cell reaction. The rats were treated with indomethacin prior to the insertion of the pumps to inhibit endogenous prostaglandin production. Decidualization was assessed 4 days later by determining uterine weights and by histological examination; the geometric mean weight of horns infused with vehicle (1 p1/h) was 332 mg, significantly less than those of horns infused with prostaglandin E3 (1 pg/h), prostaglandin F2 � (1 pg/h) or combined prostaglandins E2 and F3 � (geometric means of 939, 763 and 1114 mg, respectively). The dose-response relationship for prostaglandins E3 and F2 � did not differ significantly. To determine if prostaglandin synthesis is required throughout the post-stimulus period to obtain full decidualization, rats were given a single injection of 2 mg indomethacin either 2 h before, or 12, 24 or 48 h after the deciduogenic stimulus, a unilateral intrauterine injection of 50 p1 sesame oil. As assessed by uterine weights 4 days later, decidualization was reduced by indomethacin treatment. In the stimulated, compared to the nonstimulated horns, uterine concentrations of prostaglandins E and F were markedly elevated 5 mm after intraluminal oil, but returned to concentrations which were not significantly higher by 6 h and 24 h, respectively. These data suggest that prostaglandins are involved throughout the transformation of endometrial stromal cells to decidual cells in rats.


Objectives: To find risk factors to diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: A four years cross sectional study involving 386 patients with T2DM conducted at the diabetes clinic in Al-Hindeya General Hospital, Karbala, Iraq. Interviews were done for the participants focused on sociodemographic factors and included general examination with laboratory screening for fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum lipids. The participants underwent ophthalmological testing including visual acuity, slit lamp examination, and optical coherence tomography. The patients were divided into retinopathy and non-retinopathy groups involving 109 and 277 patients, respectively. Both groups were screened for risk factors including age, gender, duration of disease, body mass index (BMI), treatment modality, HbA1c, and dyslipidemia. Results: The study included 109 patients (62 females, 47 males) with retinopathy and 277 patients (149 females, 128 males) control. Mean age for retinopathy and control groups were 54.76± 7.63 and 54.15± 9.20 years, respectively. Mean duration of disease for retinopathy and control groups were 12.79± 5.91 and 8.51± 5.16 years, respectively. Longer duration of disease and poor glycemic control showed positive association with DR with a P-value of 0.0001 and 0.033, respectively. Gender, BMI, age, treatment modality, and dyslipidemia showed negative association with DR. Conclusions: In our study DR significantly associated with longer duration of disease and poor glycemic control while the relation was insignificant for gender, BMI, age, treatment modality, and dyslipidemia. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Diabetic retinopathy, glycated hemoglobin, risk factor for retinopathy. DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/70-08 Publication date: January 31 st 2020


The demographic change and the need for expertise in certain sectors as well as high emigration rates in some regions have led to skill shortages and unfilled vacancies in Europe. While governments have increased efforts to improve the education system and to raise the labour market participation of women and other groups with traditionally lower economic activity, the demand for qualified labour cannot be fully met by the domestic workforce. The EU thus needs to attract a significant number of foreign qualified workers in the coming years to ensure the competitiveness and innovativeness of domestic firms. At the same time, EU member states differ in their industry structures, economic conditions, as well as in the design of the welfare systems. Hence, there are differences in both the attractiveness of the EU countries for potential migrants and the demand for immigrants from the local firms. Arguably, national migration policies can efficiently address country-specific issues. What is, then, the added value of a supranational scheme such as the Blue Card? The common answer is: making the EU, as a whole, more attractive for global talent flows.2 Most highskilled migrants consider several destination options when they make the decision to emigrate. The EU member states "compete" with the classic immigration countries such as Australia, Canada, the United States, the UK, as well as with emerging China. A transparent, flexible, efficient and salient immigration system would be one factor that can make the EU more alluring to high-skilled immigrants. Moreover, if the EU member states coordinate their efforts to promote the single scheme for high-skilled workers, it should be on aggregate less costly compared to the case when each country pursues its own policy. Another advantage of the single EU scheme is potentially higher mobility of the highskilled immigrants within the


The kinetic behavior of the urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) copolymerized and reinforced by different concentrations of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with methacrylic groups was studied through Raman spectroscopy. UDMA-POSS networks have been synthesized with three different types of POSS, two monofunctional POSS (1-propylmethacrylate)-heptaisobutyl substituted (HISO-POSS) and heptacyclopentyl-octasiloxan-1-yloxy) dimethylsilyl] propyl methacrylate (CPENTYL-POSS) and one octafunctional POSS-methacryl substituted (MA-POSS). In order to show the influence of POSS on the final conversion, the hybrid systems were cured using three types of initiators which decompose at different temperatures: azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) (65 °C), benzoyl peroxide (BP) (80 °C) and di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) (120 °C). The structure of the hybrid's surface was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the Tg values were calculated from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract Leogo is a novel programming environment supporting an 'equal opportunity' user interface which allows users to express their programming tasks through any mixture of three concurrently active programming paradigms: by direct-manipulation using 'programming by demonstration', by clicking buttons and dragging sliders in an iconic language and by typing commands in a normal text-based language. Equal opportunity ensures that the effects of any interface action are simultaneously displayed across each of the three paradigms—input expressions in one paradigm cause output of equivalent expressions in the other two paradigms. Leogo is designed to promote programming skills in primary and junior schools, but the interface properties it demonstrates are applicable to a wide range of novel programming environments. Leogo's motivation, design, development and preliminary usability study are described.


The six hundred twelfth meeting of the American Mathematical Society was held at the University of Chicago on Friday and Saturday, April 24, 25. There were 304 registrants, 246 of whom were members of the Society. All the sessions were held at the University of Chicago's Center for Continuing Education. By invitation of the Committee to Select Hour Speakers for Western Sectional Meetings, there were addresses by Professor L. FejesTóth of the University of Veszprém (visiting the University of Wisconsin) and associate member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences on What the bees know and what they do not know, by Professor J. C. C. Nitsche of the University of Minnesota On new results in the theory of minimal surfaces, and by Professor A. Rényi of the Mathematical Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (visiting the University of Michigan) On the theory of search. These sessions were introduced by Professors Victor Klee, Harley Flanders, and P. R. Halmos. Sessions for the presentation of contributed papers were held at 3:15 P.M. on Friday and both at 9:30 A.M. and 3:15 P.M. on Saturday. Presiding officers were Professors Allen Shields, R. J. Koch, W. E. Deskins, S. K. Berberian, O. G. Harrold, Jr., L. M. Kelly, W. J. Coles, A. Liulevicius, and L. A. Kokoris. The Council met on Friday, April 24, at 4:00 P.M. at the Conference Center at the University of Chicago. The Secretary announced the election of the following seventythree persons to ordinary membership in the Society:


Recent material technological advances for silicon carbide (SiC) have led to a wide selection of commercial SiC power transistors, especially MOSFETs, from various manufacturers and hence it is vital to have these devices thoroughly characterized under different test conditions representative of power electronics applications. This paper aims to present an experimental characterization under negative temperature of commercially available SiC Power MOSFETs in order to assess their robustness. Devices were tested during short circuit (SC) and unclamped inductive switching (UIS) conditions.


The system developed by the GIAPSI research group for the 2012 NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation (NIST SRE12) takes as its starting point the system build for the NIST SRE2010, regarding the parameterization technique, but with a better fit thanks to the experience gained in the previous evaluation. Specifically, spectral characteristics of vocal tract (acoustic-phonetic) and glottal estimate (phonation-gesture) of voicing speech are combined with classical parameterization approaches based on the power spectral density of speech as a whole, to provide a compact representation for each speaker involved in the recognition process. Preliminary works [1][2], had shown that both vocal tract and glottal estimates bear essential biometric information, which can be applied in speaker recognition tasks. The GIAPSI 2012 system is no longer based on the classical GMM-UBM approach but in the GSV (Gaussian SuperVectors) and i-vectors paradigm.


The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of torrefaction temperature on 4 energy properties as high heating value (HHV), enhancement factor, solid yield, and energy yield of spent coffee ground (SCG). Four different torrefaction temperatures (200, 250, 300, and 350°C) were selected. Torrefaction process was conducted at the heating rate of 10°C/min. HHV and enhancement factor were the highest when SCG was torrefied at the highest temperature of 350°C. However, at this temperature, solid and energy yields were the lowest. Torrefaction temperature highly affected these four energy properties with R of higher than 0.9. Regression models representing the relationship between torrefaction temperature and HHV and energy yield were HHV = 0.0519T+15.917, R2 = 0.9483 and energy yield = -0.2743T+155.1, R2 = 0.9976. These models are helpful for prediction of the energy properties of SCG undergoing torrefaction process in the studied temperature range.


Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious infection during infancy, adult male and female, as well as at the time of pregnancy. UTI is also the most common nosocomial infection in many hospitals and accounts for approximately 35% of all hospital acquired infections. Hence the present study was aimed to screen the presence of multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens among the urine samples collected from in and out patients of multi-speciality hospital. Methods : Standard microbiological laboratory protocols were followed and about 152 samples were processed and screened. Among them, 49 reported positive for the presence of urinary bacterial pathogens. Results : Among 49 isolates, Escherichia coli registered its prevalence in about 44 samples followed by Klebsiella spp. (4) and Pseudomones spp. (1). The gender wise distribution was found to be more among female patients (42%) than male patients (24%). The age wise distribution of infection among male and female patients was also noticed. Further, the multi-drug resistance of the isolates was done by using 8 antibiotics. Conclusion : All the isolates exhibited the multiple antibiotic resistance and the isolates showed 27 different antibiotic resistance patterns. This confirms the prevalence of ESBL producers among the urinary pathogens.


This paper introduces several emphases and matters need attention in the process of website construction,and illustrates how to learn and master the methods and skills for constructing the website from aspects of website layout,homepage design and color matching of webpage.


The problem of submarine collision is put forward of which the characteristics are discussed. Then, the characteristic of collision strength for a certain type submarine structure is numerical analyzed. The calculation results show that along with the water pressure increasing the collision resistance ability is down and the reinforced structure, such as flat and bulkhead, leads the flexure resistance to increase. And those inner structure can improve the radial collision resistance ability for submarine structure under transverse impact loading.


Micro-optics includes optical components that are fabricated by modern micromachining. The paper presents the development of micro-optics since the introduction of microfabrication techniques. We discuss what we have learned and present recent developments.


alone. In contrast, the inhibition of phenethylamine oxidation by N-cyclopropyl-PCA was only slightly influenced by harmaline (68% inhibition compared to 80% inhibition in rats receiving N-cyclopropyl-PCA alone). The concentrations of 5-HT and of 5-HIAA are also shown in Table 1. N-Cyclopropyl-PCA alone markedly reduced 5-HIAA concentration without affecting 5-HT concentration significantly at this time, in agreement with earlier data (Fuller & Perry 1977). Although harmaline is an inhibitor of type A monoamine oxidase, it is short-acting so that no inhibition of type A monoamine oxidase remained at 24 h; 5-HT concentration therefore was not changed in the group of rats that received harmaline alone, though a slight but statistically significant decrease in 5-HIAA persisted. Tn rats that received harmaline along with N-cyclopropyl-PCA, 5-HT was significantly depressed, and 5-HIAA concentration was lowered to about the same extent as in rats treated with N-cyclopropyl-PCA alone. Considering these data in light of our previous studies on N-cyclopropyl-PCA, we make the following interpretations. At times up to 24 h after N-cyclopropylPCA injection into rats, the concentration of 5-HT in brain was not decreased because inhibition of monoamine oxidase prevented the expression of the depleting effect of the drug. The concentration of 5-HIAA was lowered since both monamine oxidase inhibition and the PCA-like inhibition of 5-hydroxyindole formation by N-cyclopropyl-PCA would lower that metabolite. Prevention of type A monoamine oxidase inhibition Pharmacol. 1979, 31: 54


By means of VECM model and the method of the impulse response function,this paper makes an empirical analysis of the relationship between financial development and economic growth in Henan Province.The result shows that the economic growth of Henan Province has pushed ahead by such financial development measure index as deposit and loan size of the bank,the magnitude of the capital market to raise funds and financial investment weighted index.However,the mechanism of each variable is different.The paper comes to the conclusion that the financial development of Henan province still remains in its low-level stage where the supply has a surplus supremacy.


Vine Deloria, a Standing Rock Sioux, has for more than 25 years been an important advocate for American Indians. He has defended Indian claims in the courts; he has acted as an Indian spokesman in Washington. His books have brought Indian concerns to a broad audience. He burst upon the scene in 1969 with Custer Diedfor Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto, and he has continued to write about injustices done the Indians by the government, the schools, the church,1 the anthropologists, and the courts. Most recently, he has taken on the scientists in Red Earth, White Lies. Native Americans and the Myth of Scientific Fact. Deloria is also a professor of history, law, and religious studies at the University of Colorado. Imagine, then, how Deloria's own people must have felt when this distinguished man returned to the Standing Rock Reservation to talk-no, to consult-with them about science. Deloria describes just such a scene in this book. He returns to the reservation and delivers a speech. In this speech he discusses a problem in paleontology that he is presently working on. Deloria believes that a certain sawtooth-backed "monster" in one of the


Far from the Western Front, on Saturday 9 December 1916, a fleet of Zeppelins floated across Brisbane's night sky. A veritable armada of aeroplanes, hydroplanes and balloons attended the scene, charged with the intent to neutralise the threat; and in a matter of minutes, after a dazzling pyrotechnic display, the raiding Zeppelins were incinerated and grounded. A crowd of thousands who witnessed the assault cheered the victory, but were soon distracted to amusements on the ground including 'Shoot the Kaiser', and 'The Damm Family's Kitchen'.


Summary 1. Fish fed a synthetic diet showed a rapid decrease in the number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter the first week, followed by a consistent but more gradual reduction. 2. Mortality first appeared when the count fell to 710,000 cells per cubic millimeter and increased rapidly as the count dropped still farther. 3. The addition of fresh beef liver caused a decrease in the mortality and at the same time an increase in the red cell content of the blood. Mortality stopped when the count reached 700,000. 4. The rise in red cells after the addition of beef liver was observed to take place at a more uniform rate than did the decrease on synthetic diet. 5. It is suggested that the red cell count be used as an index in tests for Factor H deficiency of trout, thus giving a better and earlier indication than appearance of mortality that fish are suffering from the lack of this food essential. 6. The appearance of a rapid and marked anemia shed some additional light as to the effect of the lack of Fact...


A window roller blind is provided with roller blind means allowing in the extended state respectively different degrees of light transmittance of the window. For this, two blind sheets are wound onto separate winding shafts. For selectively extending either the one or the other roller blind web, only one drive motor is used.


In this paper, a 60-GHz CMOS balanced power amplifier (PA) is proposed. Two miniaturized quadrature hybrids are utilized to realize power splitting and power combining. The compact hybrids can achieve good input and output matching performances. Transistor-layout optimization is taken into consideration to boost the output power and improve the power-added efficiency (PAE). The balanced PA is designed in 65-nm bulk CMOS and all the electromagnetic (EM) simulations of passive devices are executed in the EM tool. Post-layout simulation results show that the proposed balanced PA realizes a small-signal gain of 29.1 dB at 60 GHz with an 11-GHz bandwidth. With a 1.2-V supply voltage and 300-mW power consumption, the balanced PA achieves a saturated output power of 19.0 dBm and 24.4% peak PAE at 60 GHz, which is suitable for 60-GHz wireless systems.


Methods: The research population of this descriptive-correlational study consisted of the mothers of all students with learning disabilities in Adnimeshk City, Iran, in 2020. Applying the convenience sampling method, 210 students were selected as the study sample. The research instruments included the Child Behavior Checklist, the Parental Stress Scale, the Child-Parent Relationship Scale, and the Mental Health Questionnaire. The proposed model was evaluated using path analysis in AMOS v. 24.


In this paper the hierarchical method of load balancing routing on SDN controllers with multicore architecture is proposed. The implementation of a two-level hierarchy of calculations is proposed on the SDN controllers with multicore architecture where the lower level is responsible for calculating the routing variables, and the upper level is for solutions obtained from the lower level coordination. In proposed multicore architecture of SDN controller the border routers of the network will be matched by the controller core, which performs the function of calculation the routing variables. The separate core of the controller will act as a coordinator with function of link overload prevention. Application of the proposed method allows to increase the scalability of routing solutions, reduce the amount of service information that circulates in the network, as well as reduce the complexity of the whole method.


Maleated natural rubber was modified by introducing different contents of cinnamate groups, separated from the main chain by —(CH2)n— spacers (n = 2 to 6). Residual carboxylic acid groups were neutralized as Li, Na, and K-salts. The kinetic behavior of these materials towards ultraviolet-induced crosslinking reaction was investigated and correlated with Tg. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 907–910, 1998


Find links to resources and services for faculty development, including the calendar of upcoming workshops and events. Find dates for workshops and other faculty development opportunities at Guilford.


Semiconductor manufacturer Altera Corp has spent US$100,000 (RM330,000) to inject its industrial expertise into the current engineering curricula used at local universities.


In this article, some difficulties are examined involving turning educational practitioners into educational researchers at American education schools. Teachers bring many traits that are ideal for this new role. At the same time, students and professors in researcher training programs often encounter a cultural clash between the world-views of the teacher and researcher. Students may feel they are being asked to transform their cultural orientation from normative to analytical, from personal to intellectual, from particular to universal, and from experiential to theoretical. They often resist. Differences in worldview between teachers and researchers cannot be eliminated easily because they arise from irreducible differences in the nature of the work that teachers and researchers do.


According to characteristics of the thick overburden dam and the current and main problems on seepage of the thick overburden concrete face rock-fill dam, this paper takes finite element method to analyze the three-dimensional seepage field of thick overburden CFRD after the joint sealing failure, and studies the seepage field distribution of the CFRD after sealing failure, and analyzes the sealing failure position and influences of seam length on each seepage elements variation. In this paper, taking the thick overburden CFRD in xinjiang as an example, effects of the joint sealing failure on seepage related factors are discussed , the change rules of saturated faceseepage discharge and seepage gradient of the thick overburden CFRD are obtained by studying,. The research results can provide a reference for a parallel engineering design and construction.


The motion of domain walls (DWs) is critical to switching kinetics in ferroelectric (FE) materials. Merz's law, dependent only on the applied electric field, cannot explain recent experimental observations in FE thin films because these experiments showed that the DW velocity depend on not only the strength of applied electric field, but also size of reversal domain. In this paper, we derive a model to understand the dominant factors controlling the velocity of FE DWs. Our calculation reveals that the DW velocities are not only a function of the strength of the electric field, but also decay exponentially with increasing the characteristic time of the measurement, or the size of the growing domain. Our observations can naturally explain the gigantic variation reported in the literature, over 15 orders-of-magnitude, in the experimentally measured DW velocities, and the formation of the stripe shape of FE domains.


Simple Summary Dogs are an important part of society. The Polish Lowland Sheepdog (PON) is one of 353 of the world's largest cynological organization listed dog breeds. Breeds with small population sizes, like the PONs, are often characterized by high inbreeding rates and thus an increased risk of congenital diseases. To examine the endangerment of the PONs, measures for genetic diversity and inbreeding were calculated for the German PON population. The study showed that the PONs had to be classified as a minimally endangered population according to threshold values specified by the European Association for Animal Production. However, the very recent trend showed a slight improvement. Abstract Genetic variability of Polish Lowland Sheepdog (PON) population was evaluated using both pedigree and genomic data. The analyzed pedigree encompassed 8628 PONs, including 153 individuals genotyped on the Illumina CanineHD BeadChip. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) were defined for homozygous stretches extending over 60 to 4300 kb. The inbreeding coefficients FPed based on pedigree data and FROH50 based on ROHs were at 0.18 and 0.31. The correlation between both was 0.41 but 0.52 when excluding animals with less than seven complete generations. The realized effective population size (Ne¯) was 22.2 with an increasing trend over years. Five PONs explained 79% of the genetic diversity of the reference population. The effective population size derived from linkage disequilibrium measured by r² was 36. PANTHER analysis of genes in ROHs shared by ≥50% of the PONs revealed four highly over- or underrepresented biological processes. One among those is the 7.35 fold enriched "forelimb morphogenesis". Candidate loci for hip dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus were discovered in frequently shared ROHs. In conclusion, the inbreeding measures of the PONs were high and the genetic variability small compared to various dog breeds. Regarding Ne¯, PON population was minimally endangered according to the European Association for Animal Production.


This study was conducted to design,a pair of primer according to PCV2 ORF1 gene sequence in the Genbank.The ORF1 gene was amplified from suspected PMWS sample via polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the gene was cloned into pMD18-T vector.Then the ORF1 gene was subcloned into prokaryotic expressing vector pET-32a,the recombinant plasmid was named pET-32a-ORF1,and was induced by IPTG.The results of SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting indicated that the ORF1 gene was expressed in a high level,and the recombinant fusion protein was about 54 kDa.The recombinant fusion protein has peculiar reaction to PCV2 positive serum which has immunological activity.


Automated generation of test data has always been a challenging problem in the area of software testing. Recently, meta-heuristic search (MHS) techniques have been proven to be a powerful tool to solve this difficulty. In the paper, we introduce an up-to-date search technique, i.e. particle swarm optimization (PSO), to settle this difficulty. After the basic idea of PSO is addressed, the overall framework of PSO-based test data generation is discussed. Here, the inputs of program under test are encoded into particles. During the search process, PSO algorithm is used to generate test inputs with the highest possible coverage rate. Once a set of test inputs is produced, test driver will seed them into program to run and collect coverage information simultaneously. Then, the value of fitness function for branch coverage can be calculated based on such information, which can direct the algorithm optimization in next iteration. In order to validate our method, five real-world programs are used for experimental analysis. The results show that PSO-based method outperforms other algorithms such as GA both in the coverage effect of test data and the convergence speed.


In the past and today, in the midst of conflict, women, girls, and sometimes men and boys are raped: penises, sticks and other objects violently entering their bodies. Sometimes, the rapes are committed in public, in front of family members, friends, and villagers. Some-times, the rapes are committed by gangs or coerced family members.
In the past and today, in the midst of conflict, girls and women are forcefully recruited, removed from their communities, turned into sexual slaves, and forcefully sterilized or impregnated.
In the past and today, in the midst of conflict and in repressive regimes, women, and sometimes men, too, are sexually tortured and sexually mutilated. Breasts and testicles are cut off, wombs are torn apart, and fetuses are destroyed. Broken bodies, torn lives, spoiled identities, ruined families, trauma, isolation, material destitution, and—in some cases—death are all too common legacies of armed conflict for thousands of victims of sexual and reproductive violence worldwide


ABSTRACT From 1936–39 and 1946–49 Sir Charles Leonard Woolley excavated the site of Tell Atchana/ancient Alalakh in southern Turkey on behalf of the British Museum. The statue of King Idrimi, found in 1939, became one of the British Museum's many prized objects and is on display to this day. At the close of the excavation season in June 1939 the statue became the subject of a dispute between Woolley and the government of the Hatay State, solved only after the intervention of the British Consul of Aleppo, the British Ambassador at Ankara and the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This paper traces the statue's journey from its discovery to the British Museum and back to the New Hatay Archaeological Museum in the form of a hologram. Abbreviations: TNA: The National Archives, London; BMCE: British Museum Central Archives


This thesis is centrally concerned with the issue of values. This focus is seen as a fruitful means by which to explore organisational change in the specific context of the UK public sector. A particular interest relates to the way in which the values held by organisational members impact on the possibilities and processes of change. The overall theoretical and methodological approach for analysing this change is one which draws from and builds upon the Critical Theory of Jurgen Habermas who identifies society as an evolving amalgam of lifeworld, steering media and systems. Values, as part of the lifeworld, are, therefore, deeply implicated in the dynamics of any society.
The exploration of organisational change focuses particularly on schools and GP practices. These are areas in which forms of accounting have been introduced as a force for change, primarily by recent legislation. A comparative exploration of the effects of these changes is provided. This leads into an analysis of the nature of the values which underlie both accounting and the organisations the legislation is intended to change. It is argued that there are basic incongruences between the two sets of values. A central argument is that the accounting implemented by this legislation is of a particular form which, in this thesis, is referred to as 'accounting logic'. This, in turn, it is argued, represents a set of values usually associated with a masculine stereotype. Visibilities informed by those values are, thus, created and values associated with the feminine stereotype are rendered invisible.
Finally, the thesis presents a reflective exploration of the question of whether accounting can be redeemed from the limitations imposed by 'accounting logic' and informed by other value sets and in the process become more enabling for our society and its organisations. This is accompanied by the development of a model to enable an evaluation of the Public Sector Reforms and their effects.


In Indonesia ,The meaning of Restorative Justice is a fair thing Completion Operations involving Performers , Victims , their family and other party who related the Crime. The Problems on Research Implementation What is Restorative Justice in the Context of ultimum Remedium As abuse child and what is the detention factor of Restorative Justice Implementation of abuse child. Based on the research is that implementation of Justice in the Context ultimum Remedium as settlement of abuse child is the protection of the children's rights had dealed with law. The detention factor of Restorative Jusice implementation have not legitimation in law and be based on take decision of investigation process


The expanded participation of the working people in the management of the economy is closely connected with the development of the independence of enterprises based on full cost accounting. The independence of socialist enterprises and associations should be interpreted not as the antithesis of centralized planning but as the expansion of the sphere of planned development through transfer of part of the management functions to the basic production link (specifically the part that can be performed most effectively by it). Socialist economic self-management is based on the principle of distributed responsibility within the framework of the unified planned system of management, and not a postulate of independence of economic agents from centralized management.


This paper establishes the dynamic model on OHC valve train with rocker of variable ratio in high-speed diesel engines,and compiles a common program for its dynamic calculation with MATLAB language.The valve train's dynamic calculation on CT484 high-speed diesel engine is carried out by the program,and the result shows when the speed of engine reach 2 800 r/min,the cam and rocker separate,and the curve of speed has a rather great fluctuation.So it is suggested to improve the dynamic performances of the valve train through optimizing the design of cam profile or increasing the rigidity of valve train and valve spring.


The invention is a clearance-type waking up method of a wireless meter reading system, comprising the following steps: transmitting a pulse every second to a wireless communication chip by a microprocessor in a wireless collection terminal; placing the pulse into an information collection register in the wireless communication chip; judging whether the same frequency signal having the same overlapping with the work frequency of 470MHz exists or not in monitoring time, if not, the wireless communication chip being at dormant state, if so, sending back a response pulse to the microprocessor by the wireless communication chip; sending a directive for waking up the wireless communication chip quickly and leading the wireless communication chip at work state. The invention solves the problems of large energy consumption of repeatedly waking up of the wireless collection terminal, same frequency inference and small distance of meter reading in existing wireless meter reading system.


Botany Bay supports wetlands along its southern shores which include about 190 hectares of mangrove woodland, 180 hectares of saltmarch and 88 hectares of freshwater wetlands (State Pollution Control Commission, 1979). These wetlands were formerly more extensive but large scale clearance has occurred since European settlement, and urban and industrial development since 1950 has resulted in the loss of 4 hectares of mangroves and 218 hectares of saltmarsh and freshwater wetlands. The remaining wetland complex is regarded as one of the most important in New South Wales (Australian Littoral Society, 1977). Since 1978 there has been no significant loss of wetlands to development, however, about 5 hectares (two percent) of the remaining mangroves have been lost in die-back following oil spills in 1979 and 1981 (Allaway et al., 1985).

A major oil refinery operates at Kurnell (Australian Oil Refining Pty Ltd – A. O. R.) and is supplied with crude oil by pipelines connected to an oil transfer terminal off Kurnell (Fig. 1). The Kurnell terminal comprises a seven-point mooring which holds tankers in a fixed position while oil is transferred to shore via a submerged pipeline. Submerged crude oil and refined product pipelines also traverse the Bay to facilitate the exchange of product between the refinery and other installations on the northern shore.


Abstract : These briefing charts discuss the topic of corrosion, including costs of corrosion, product performance versus product safety compliance, importance of independent product performance verification, and understanding coatings.


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In the past 30 years, there have been decided increases in the reproductive efficiency of turkeys. Refinements in artificial insemination techniques have eliminated problems associated with natural mating, such as injury to the hen, clumsiness of the male, and preferential mating. Specially formulated diluents have made it possible to extend the semen from superior toms and reduce costs associated with maintaining large numbers of males. However, the turkey breeder hen still does not produce fertile eggs at the same level or with the same persistency as the chicken breeder hen.


Diabetes is one of the most grievous diseases in the world which has no remedy to cure it after a particular stage. Over 422 million people in the world are diagnosed with diabetes and many others are at jeopardy. Thus, timely diagnosis and medication is required to inhibit diabetes and its associated health problems. In this paper a framework is proposed for diabetes diseases prediction and classification using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. The dataset is collected from Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Centre, Nagpur, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Mendeley Data. Four different ML algorithms Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest are applied and evaluated the model with various quantitative measures. The motive of this framework is to diagnose diabetes early and to save money and time of a patient using various machine learning approaches.


The invention discloses a plaster and a preparation method of the plaster. The crude drugs of the plaster include: 55-65g of Strychnos, 85-95g of radi of x clematidis, 40-50g of frankincense, 40-50g of myrrh, 25-35g of dragon's blood, 40 -50g of angelica, 25-35g of pseudo-ginseng, 45-55g of Ligusticum wallichii, 45-55g of Rhizoma Wenyujin Concisum, 40-50g of safflower, 45-55g of Processed Radix Aconiti, 45-55g of Processed Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, 55-65g of ephedra, 85-95g of cassia twig, 35-45g of notopterygium root, 35-45g of radix angelicae pubescentis, 55-65g of garden balsam stem, 45-55g of lycopodium clavatum, 35-45g of Rhizoma Drynariae, 45-55g of radix dipsaci, 45-55g of Eupolyphaga, 25-35g of scorpio, 40-50g of lumbricus, 40-50g of pangolin, 40-50g of Asarum and 15-25g of borneol. The formula is unique, the production method is simple and the curative effect is notable.


In this study, L-band ALOS PALSAR radar satellite image and Landsat TM optical satellite image were used to investigate the contribution of radar satellite image to optical satellite image for land cover mapping. Dual-polarimetric data of ALOS satellite and also normalized difference vegetation index (NDVl) generated from Landsat image were used for the analysis. In addition, different classification techniques were taken into consideration and forest dominated land cover maps were produced and the results were compared. Random Forest (RF), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) approaches were applied as image classification techniques. While the best result among the methods is DVM, the data set in which combined data are used gives the best general accuracy result.


At present, a variety of benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene (BDT)‐based polymer donors are designed and synthesized, which have made great progress toward achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Despite many advantages of benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]difuran (BDF) compared with BDT unit, the overall performance of BDF polymer‐based PSCs lags far behind that of the counterpart BDT‐based polymers. Recently, great advances have been achieved in BDF polymer‐based PSCs with the highest PCEs over 16%, suggesting that BDF‐based polymers have the significant potential to catch up or even surpass the performance of BDT‐based polymers. In this review, the recent advances of BDF polymers in PSCs are first summarized and then the design strategies and the chemical structure–performance relationships of BDF polymers are discussed. Finally, perspectives on the future development of BDF polymers for high‐efficiency PSCs are provided.


Aims: to identify the conceptions of health of users and health professionals of a Family Health Strategy located in a city of the south of Brazil. Methods: descriptive and qualitative study realized with key informants: six residents, six community health agents and seven other members of the family health team. For the data collection the Participatory Rapid Appraisal was used, with the observation and interview as data sources. A theme analysis was carrierd out with the data. Results: health was pointed out by the key informants as a condition for life maintenance, as a result of the interaction of


Given present-day conditions, pupils today have fewer religious experiences than their classmates of previous generations — and this is a challenge to religious education in public schools. In consequence, many in Germany are opting for a "performative" religious education. The aim of this didactic approach is to offer pupils an encounter with religious practice. It replaces mere knowledge about religion with experience of religion. In this context the pupil's body becomes an elementary medium of learning. However, the performative approach has not as yet been empirically evaluated. Does it make a difference in religious education? The ELLRU Project researched this question by means of a quasi-experimental design: 624 4th-graders (average age: 9,16 years; denomination: 81% Protestant, 8% Catholic, 11% none) in 31 Bavarian classrooms completed two curricula, one about Moses and one about Martin Luther. Half the children were taught by performative methods and the other half by methods based purely on the imagination. Results were assessed by one pre-test and a post-test after each curriculum; a post-test at the end of school year checked on the sustainability of the two approaches. The results show few differences. They do not suggest that performative learning is a master method in religious education. But they do identify distinct didactic constellations in which performative learning helps pupils to understand religious stories and convictions better.


Past analyses of medieval drama, whether literary or developmental in approach, have consistently relied upon historical method. Since recent confusions in terms have denigrated the historical method, perhaps some definition of it is in order. Texts are prepared with greater or lesser restorations, depending upon the stated policies of the editor. Date and provenance are at least tentatively established on the basis of recognized evidence. Ideally, any conclusions about the materials so acquired are limited by the possible knowledge of the materials and their milieu. The arrangement of the materials in accordance with the historical method may even dictate certain conclusions, but these conclusions need not in any way approximate the tenets of Darwinian evolution, a fact so ably demonstrated by O. B. Hardison in his Christian Rite and Christian Drama in the Middle Ages. The devastating attack of О. В. Hardison upon the evolution of drama as presented by Karl Young and E. K. Chambers succeeded, not because of their utilization of historical method, but because of their failure to practice the second step of the method the observance of the limitations of chronology and provenance. As is now commonly accepted, these scholars imposed upon their materials a philosophy, not a method, that all life is subject to Darwinian theories of evolution. Since both scholars were eminent practitioners of the first phase of historical method, the collection of materials, the present distrust of their conclusions has been transferred to historical method itself. Though it is a matter of some question that Young and Chambers provided an aesthetic, as well as an history of medieval drama, the disproof of their long-accepted dogmas and the subsequent lack of faith in historical method has left critics briefly at a loss for an aesthetic. The only certainty is that any new aesthetic must avoid the presumed errors


Detailed survey on dissolved oxygen(DO)in water was done in February,May,August and November 2008 in Liusha Bay,with analysis of correlation between DO and temperature,salinity,TOC,COD and chlorophyll a.Results showed that DO increased gradually form outside to inside of the Bay and from south to north in winter and autumn.In spring,DO decreased gradually from outside to inside of the Bay,with larger changes of 4.49~7.71mg/L among the stations.In summer,the content of DO was of evenness in outside and inside of the Bay,with smaller changes of 5.93~6.99mg/L among the stations.The concentration of DO was higher in surface water of 6.60mg/L than in bottom water of 6.33mg/L.The content of DO was higher in winter and autumn of 7.40mg/L and 7.85mg/L than in spring and summer in common.With increasing temperature and salinity,DO concentration decreased.There was a linear correlation between DO and temperature,salinity in winter and spring respectively.DO revealed the consistent seasonal change with COD,but contrary to TOC.DO in the winter was significantly positive correlated with chlorophyll a,followed in spring.However,no correlation was found between summer and autumn.


A Program was designed to simulate the monitoring of coating thickness during the deposition of the multi cavity filters, Overshut turingpoint method were investigated and the effect of overshut on the optical characters of the filters is evaluated. It was conformed that the overshutturingpoint method repressed the random noise in the monitoring signal and increased greatly the yield of the deposition run.


This article made further research on the feasible of synchronizing gymnastic teaching for college girls, with the methods of SQQ investigation, self-efficiently investigation, interview, statistics comparison and attribute analysis. The results show that synchronizing gymnastics has an active effect on students motivation for gymnastics, self-efficiency, interesting for gymnastics through practice teaching of synchronizing gymnastics.


AIM
To analyze clinical and genetic characteristics of PCDH19-associated epilepsy in a sample of patients from the Russian population.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The sample of patients with early epileptic encephalopathies included 16 people aged 10 month to 30 years. All patients underwent neurological examination according to standard methods, exome sequencing and EEG monitoring.

RESULTS
Most of the identified mutations led to a shift in the reading frame or the formation of a termination codon. Six of them were duplications, four were deletions of one nucleotide, and three were nonsense mutations. Consistent with earlier studies, the authors identified the polymorphism of clinical manifestations of seizures that did not depend on the type of mutation and its localization.

CONCLUSION
Based on the study of the clinical and genetic characteristics of the patients, the authors conclude that the so-called 'hot spots' are present in the PCDH19 gene, which are more common in the group of patients with mutations in this gene, and that the clinical picture of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy type 9 is variable.


We conducted a benchmarking analysis of the semi-regular pulsator and red supergiant $\alpha$ Ori. In its dimming episode last 2020, our observational results include the binned measurements from the space-based telescope SMEI collated. We report a long secondary period of $P_{\text{LSP}}$ = 2350 $\pm$ 10 d and a fundamental pulse of $P_0$ = 415 d $\pm$ 30 d for the interest. Meanwhile, we also detected the first overtone component of $P_1$ = 185 d which supports the current literature's standing for this newly acquired pulse. At $~$2.20 $\pm$ 0.10 $\mu$m, we acquired Near-Infrared $K$-band photometric measurements from several catalogues and surveys in accordance of the calibration. Our assigned inherent color plays at the middle of the extremes from the existing literature. Likewise, we attained a weighted excess color index of $E_{(B-V)}$ = 0.340 and using a $K$-extinction factor of $R_K$ = 0.382 yields an extinction of $A_K$ = 0.130. By subtracting extinction to all $K$-band photometry, using the linearity, and newly derived distance from previous literatures, our effort results to a $\log(L/L_\odot) = 5.00 \pm 0.15_{(-0.45)}^{(+0.48)}$ for $\alpha$ Ori. In turn, this allowed us to conduct the benchmarking scheme alongside the data from existing reports that are stitched together using Period-Luminosity Relationship. This results to a best-fit of $\log(L/L_\odot) = 7.26 \pm 0.10 \times \log P + (-14.10 \pm 0.25)$ and reveals that $\alpha$ Ori can be situated in the lower bound 18 $M_\odot$ regime caused by current pulsation trends.


The most important cases for the analysis of the clinical and pathologicanatomic characteristics of the disease are those in Group I. Of these, cases A9, R4, K2 and L1 have been diagnosed and examined primarily by myself. Cases A9 and L1 have also been studied a t the Sachs' Hospital for Children in Stockholm (H. Magnusson, B.I.D.), and case R4 at the Pediatric University Clinic at Uppsala (Professor B. Vahlquist). In cases D1 and T9, the diagnosis of agranulocytosis was made by physicians who did not know the genetic conditions (M. Sjoholm, M.D., and E. Sahlin, M.D., Gallivare Hospital). Pathologic-anatomic examinations of cases A9, D1, L1 and R4 have been performed by F. Wahlgren, M.D., Stockholm. The histories of the eight cases in Group I1 are strikingly similar to cases A9, D1, R4 and T9 in Group I. They all belong to the same family complex as the cases in Group I. The genetic analysis has made it probable that they are all homozygotes in regard to predisposition to the same disease. Because of this, and because of the fact that malignant septic skin infections with lethal outcome are very rare in early infancy, it seems justified to conclude that the children in Group I1 have had the same disease and died of the same causes as those in Group I. Two of the children in Group I, cases K2 and L1, differ from the other children in Groups I and I1 with respect to the clinical data and the course of their disease. In both cases, granulocytopenia could only be observed on a few single occasions. Case K2 lacked septic skin infections, a symptom which characterized all other children in Groups I and 11. Both children lived at the time of termination of this investigation and were then 44 and 5 years old, respectively. Case K2 was encountered by chance, and has thus not been registered according to the same principles employed in the other cases. For this reason, it has not been included in the genetic analysis.


In this paper , we give an explicit methodfor mappingany simply connectedsurfaceonto the spherein a mannerwhich preservesangles. This techniquerelieson certainconformalmappingsfrom differentialgeometry. Our methodprovidesa new way to automaticallyassigntexturecoordinates to complex undulatingsurfaces. We demonstratea finite elementmethod thatcanbeusedto applyour mappingtechniqueto a triangulatedgeometric descriptionof a surface.


The foremost objective of the proposed research is to synthesize magnetically-active CdTe nanowires that can be manipulated by magnetic fields. The ability to do so will facilitate fabrication of molecular electronics and a whole host of other potential applications. The research will employ doping of CdTe with either Mn 2+ or Eu 3+ or a mixture of both to create nanoparticles with net magnetic moments. The particles size and morphology will be probed by AFM and TEM while the extent of doping and distribution of dopant ions will be determined by bulk analysis by ICP, surface analysis by XPS, EPR and X-ray powder diffraction. The magnetic moment and magnetic ordering will be determined by use of a SQUID magnetometer. Doped CdTe particles with suitable magnetic moments will then be converted to CdTe wires using a technique originally developed for undoped CdTe. The changes in morphology, size, composition, and structure will be monitored using the same analytical methods used for characterization of the precursor nanoparticles. Finally, nanowires that possess a sufficient magnetic moment will be aligned using a magnetic field to prove the viability of this approach for manufacturing nanoscale devices and electronics.


Water quality of dispersing domestic sewage water is an element for establishing design criterion and product standard of dispersing sewage water treatment equipment.The paper studies the relationship between water quality character of dispersing domestic sewage water,characteristic of seasonal variation and life style.Design parameter should be chosen in accordance with water quality character of different dispersing pollution sources and water quality index of pollution point source of domestic sewage water should not be applied mechanically in the design of dispersing sewage water treatment equipment.


The author reflects broadly on the impact of Covid and the concurrent sociopolitical climate on herself and her patients, with particular attention to the dynamic interplay between social and psychic structures. She presents three individual analytic treatments which demonstrate the indelible impact of family history, the internal parental couple, attachment style, object relationships, and cultural introjects on couple, relational, and social experiences in the pandemic era.


Faced with the challenge of economic globalization and pluralistic information, moral education of the students must be combined with the daily ideological education and the routine management.


As network and input technologies have improved rapidly, researches in information retrieval have become more important than ever. An user-friendly and efficient query interface will certainly facilitate utilization of an information retrieval system. In this paper, a linguistic approach to Chinese query models is proposed and investigated. It includes Chinese linguistic variables, quantifiers and combination queries. Meanwhile, an improved computation method is proposed to handle general conjunctive queries, and it is proved to be better than traditional fuzzy computation in terms of a higher level of retrieval satisfaction. Experimental results also verify that the proposed quantifiers do not only simplify a multi-criteria request, but also yield a higher level of retrieval satisfaction than do Boolean queries.


The thesis overviews the present development of the antiseptic outer layer of the steel tube, comparing with the petroleum pitch antiseptic layer, epoxyasphact antiseptic lay, etc. to find their merits and shortcomings. And the thesis tries to make a deeper study on the trends of the research on the antiseptic outer layer at home and abroad.


Photographic project in the Orkney Islands, with the theme of portraits and stories of
contemporary beachcombers with their found objects. The project was self-funded, and its
completion led to the publication of the book Found: Beachcombing in Orkney, Vol lI, by The
Orcadian, Orkney, Scotland. The project was realized by the photographer Keith Allardyce, in
collaboration with Orkney historians Bryce Wilson and Tom Muir from The Orkney Museum. My
role was to support the photographer Keith Allardyce in both creative and technical aspects of
image-makings, during the photo-shooting sessions as well as the post-production sessions. All
the royalties are going to Stromness Museum in Orkney.


Three types of neurosecretory cells in the protocerebrum of Scylla serrata were observed using the transmission electron microscope.TypeⅠcells are50~120μm in diameter with many vacuole and few neurosecretory granule.TypeⅡcells are30~60μmin diameter with developed organelle and various neurosecretory granule.and TypeⅢcells are15~20μm in diameter with feworganelle and abundant neurosecretory granule of electron-sparse.The characters of the neurosecretory cells in the protocerebrum of Scylla serrata provide the morphological evidence for its lower status during the evolution.


The labeling precursor of N2S2-Memantine was synthesized from memantine via reaction with chloroacetyl chloride,followed by condensation with N2S2,and then deblocking protecting group with Hg(OAc)2 and H2S.The structures of key compounds were confirmed by 1HNMR,13CNMR and MS.The total product yield was 32%.


This paper formulates piecewise fuzzy linear approximation of fuzzy nonlinear function of a single variable. First, we construct the equation of fuzzy line segment through two fuzzy points using -cuts of two fuzzy points. Now the fuzzy nonlinear function is represented by a set of connected fuzzy line segments. Fuzzy line segments have been defined by partitioning the domain of a fuzzy nonlinear function. Then formulation of approximating fuzzy linear programming problem has been given to find the solution of fuzzy nonlinear separable programming problem. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the methodology.


The study of rural local government has traditionally been from the legalistic point of view. Since the government of county, township, and village exists primarily for farmers, a better approach would seem to be examine the economic status and the psychological equipment of the rural population. The problem of rural government will grow in importance since it will involve fitting rural society into a pattern created by urban and industrial forces. Rural government is at present badly adjusted to its tasks. The general property tax has broken down, population is declining while costs remain stationary, tax delinquency is a permanent problem, and a policy for the wise use of land is yet to be formulated. Probable developments in the future are: (I) increasing state control of local functions; (2) the adoption of scientific administration; (3) the widening of the areas of administration in rural sections. Rural attitudes at present do not favor the suggested changes in the direction of permanence, professionalim, and hierarchical organization in governmental services or the adoption of the generally accepted standards of sound administration. An examination of such factors would seem to be more promising than the traditional lines of attack.


This article addresses the production control problem of an adjustable capacity unreliable manufacturing cell responding to a single product type demand. The manufacturing cell is composed of an unreliable machine, called the 'central machine'. Due to availability fluctuations, the central machine may fall short of meeting the long-term demand rate. In order to quickly adjust the production capacity and thus meet the demand, a reserve machine is called upon in support if the finished product inventory level drops below a specific threshold. Such a machine involves higher production costs compared with the central one. This article aims to determine the optimal production control policy for the involved machines in order to minimise production, inventory and backlog costs over an infinite horizon. This article proposes a continuous dynamic programming formulation of the problem and adopted a numerical scheme to solve the optimality conditions equations. The optimal production policy is shown to be described by a state dependent hedging point policy (SDHPP). To determine the optimal control policy parameters, an experimental approach based on design of experiments, simulation modelling, and response surface methodology is proposed. Several sensitivity analyses have been carried out and have shown the robust behaviour of the developed policy facing expected variations of the system parameters. The results also show that the proposed SDHPP policy outperforms classical stand-by and parallel machines based control policies. The usefulness of the proposed approach is outlined for more complex situations where the system must deal with non-exponential failure and repair time distributions.


Summary Harmonics within vibrator data have long been seen as unwanted noise distortions to be attenuated from seismic data. Indeed, methods have been developed to eliminate harmonic "contamination" in the acquisition and processing phases of seismic exploration as well as from the vibrator mechanical and hydraulic system itself. In this paper, however, we propose that these harmonics and their associated higher frequency content can be harnessed for seismic imaging of shallow thin reflectors. Through high sampling of the wave field, harmonic decomposition of recorded sweeps through the use of the Gabor transform, and surprisingly simple processing, we show that thin shallow reflectors are brought into focus from the blur of the near surface.


This paper is a case study of a prisoner of war and internment camp in Tuchola (Kujawsko-Pomorskie Province, Poland). The camp operated between 1914 and 1923. During the First World War it was run by Germans and later, during the Polish-Soviet War, by the Poles. The site provides a context for discussing two issues around archaeological research of the recent past. The first issue is how archaeology can be used to analyse the transformations of landscapes related to modern armed conflicts. The second point deals with the documentation and analysis of the remains of the camp using ALS derivatives. The main conclusion of this paper is that LiDAR technology can be also a useful tool in the context of approaching landscapes from the recent past.


Observation of the Cross Section through SEM and SAM Measurement of the fiber orientation is one of the most important inspection items 2.1 Orientation of the Molding Cross to examine the shape and strength of the Section through SEM products(ll. The 3D fiber orientation has been measured by analyzing the elliptical marks of the cross section of the fiber from the photograph of the FRP. In these methods, it is not possible to obtain the azimuth and depression angle of the 3D fiber orientation parameters(21. We propose the method measuring 3D fiber orientation from the elliptical marks and the interference fringe patterns by observing the cut section of the FRP with scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM). This proposed method makes it possible to measure the 3D fiber orientation distribution. We show the effectiveness of this method by reconstructing fibers in the FRP.


MRI-guided transurethral ultrasound therapy is a minimally-invasive treatment for localized prostate cancer that provides local control with a low side-effect profile which would have a major impact in improving disease management. High-intensity ultrasound energy from a device inserted into the prostatic urethra generates an accurate region of thermal coagulation in the gland under MR-temperature control. The purpose of this study was to characterize the acoustic, electrical and spatial properties of multi-element ultrasound transducers designed for MRI-guided transurethral ultrasound therapy. The transducer design is described, along with characterization of the electrical and acoustic properties of the device. Transmission spectrum and power output are shown for a single element illustrating their high acoustic efficiencies and power stability at fundamental and third harmonic frequencies. These results provide insight into the heating characteristics of this ultrasound device and its suitability for treating localized prostate cancer.


The area at the tail end of Fuhe River has an important economic and social status and ecological protection needs. Its water level change is directly related to the water security of this region. Based on the daily average water level observation data of three hydrologic stations in the end of Fuhe River in the past 70 years, the change trend of annual average water level was analysed by using Mann-Kendall and moving average methods. The results show that there has been a continuous downward trend of water level at the tail end of Fuhe River. The water level drop along the river was 1.3m to 3.5m, and abrupt changes had occurred in the 1990s and early 20th century.


Elemental analyzer (EA) Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry was used to measure ∂13C values on soil organic matter from reservoirs and depressions at the ancient Maya urban centers of Tikal, Guatemala and Yaxnohcah, Mexico. Variation in δ13C values on soil organic matter were > −2.0‰, which suggests enrichment from C4 plants including maize, other tropical grasses (Poaceae), and tropical sedges (Cyperaceae), CAM plants (Clusia sp.), and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Cyanobacteria were likely a major contributor to the 13C enrichment of soil organic matter in Maya reservoirs and depressions, which has obfuscated our understanding of ancient Maya maize production. It is possible that the Maya used cyanobacteria as a fertilizer, which enriched agricultural field soil organic matter.


Liquid-liquid extractions of 95 Zr and ,75 Hf from various concen- trations of HCl were conducted using tributylphosphate (TBP) in toluene (benzene), and undiluted TBP. Quantitative extraction of both Zr and Hf into TBP in toluene (benzene) was observed from > 8M HCl and into undiluted TBP from > 10M HCl. Extraction from 8 M HCl into undiluted TBP was 80% for Zr and 20% for Hf. Based on these results, a chromatographic separation of Hf from Zr with the Automated Rapid Chemistry Apparatus ARCA II was performed on 1.6X8 mm columns containing undiluted TBP on an inert support. This separation was also studied on-line with short-lived ,69 Hf produced in the Gd( 18 0,xn) reaction and with 78-s 261 Rf produced in the 248 Cm( 1s O,5n) reaction at the Philips Cyclotron of the Paul Scherrer Institute. From the distribution of α-decays of 261 Rf between the Hf- and Zr-fraction, the Rvalue for Rf in 8 M HCl was determined, and the following extraction trend was established: Zr > Rf > Hf. This is at variance with earlier results where Rf seemingly did not extract as well as Hf which was tentatively attributed to increased hydrolysis of Rf.


The article considers the nature of crisis and crisis management. Defined goal, objectives, principles and trends of crisis management. The basic problems of crisis management, based on which determined the significance and role of the state in the framework of socio-economic development of society.


Inspired by the theory of physics field, in this paper, we propose a novel backbone network compression algorithm based on topology potential. With consideration of the network connectivity and backbone compression precision, the method is flexible and efficient according to various network characteristics. Meanwhile, we define a metric named compression ratio to evaluate the performance of backbone networks, which provides an optimal extraction granularity based on the contributions of degree number and topology connectivity. We apply our method to the public available Internet AS network and Hep-th network, which are the public datasets in the field of complex network analysis. Furthermore, we compare the obtained results with the metrics of precision ratio and recall ratio. All these results show that our algorithm is superior to the compared methods. Moreover, we investigate the characteristics in terms of degree distribution and self-similarity of the extracted backbone. It is proven that the compressed backbone network has a lot of similarity properties to the original network in terms of power-law exponent.


Most studies on the perception-production link have assumed a synchronous relationship, according to which gains in perception transfer to production rapidly and efficiently. However, time-lagged and asymptotic relationships are also possible, in which case perception would guide production at a later stage or production would improve only once perception has reached a high level of accuracy. The present study investigates the temporal dynamics of the perception-production link by modeling English speakers' ability to perceive and produce L2 Spanish stops over time. Mixed-effects modeling of the d' perception and voice onset time (VOT) production data demonstrated significant development in both areas. Time-lagged change models indicate that a change in d' was significantly related to decreasing VOT in L2 /p/ at the following session, but no significant relationships emerged between perception and production of L2 /b/. A range of patterns emerged at the individual level. Results are interpreted in light of contemporary models of L2 speech learning.