This study proposes that sandstone layers exposed in the Fez-Meknes region of Northern Morocco (Ben Allou (Sidi Chaded) and El Adergha localities), have been misinterpreted as unique examples of geostrophically-driven, deep marine (150 400 m water depth) sandy contourites. Instead, our independent paleontological, sedimentological, and stratigraphic analyses show that these sandstones represent more common, shallow marine (0 30 m water depth) tide-dominated deltas. Our findings imply that at least seven existing studies have based their interpretations on erroneous paleo water depth reconstructions. These have been derived from foraminiferal assemblages from siltstone and claystone layers that interbed the sandstones. Our foraminiferal data were obtained directly from all facies. These more complete data show that, while the siltstone and claystone layers can be considered deep marine, the sandstones are shallow marine, and previous studies did not account for major sea level fluctuations that occurred here during the late Miocene. Our reinterpretation has a defining impact on a wide scope of topics that have been covered by the existing body of work, which involves: the origin of global paleoclimate changes, sandy contourite facies models, conditions of bottom current controlled ecosystems and habitats, ichnofacies interpretations, changes in paleogeography, tectonics and reorganizations of global ocean currents and Mediterranean Outflow Water, and finally, geographic changes leading up to the disappearance of the Rifian Corridor and the associated Messinian salinity crisis. Using biostratigraphy and measurements of stratal thickness, we also establish that the successions here were responding to ± 70 80 m amplitude, 100 kyr period glacioeustatic fluctuations. These values represent hitherto unprecedented constraints on the nature of late Miocene climate fluctuations that were similar in period and intensity as Pleistocene glacial/interglacial cycles. Finally, we show that abundant authigenic sediment generation at the shallow marine fringes of the Rifian Corridor exacerbated its closure. This likely has significant, previously unrecognized implications to the onset of Mediterranean isolation and the associated Messinian salinity crisis.


Abstract Glucocorticoid hormones are potent antiinflammatory drugs. A key mechanism in the antiinflammatory action is repression of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. This results in transcriptional repression of inflammatory genes controlled by NF-κB, including the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). We have investigated expression levels, nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NF-κB in vitro and in vivo in U937 cells during activation and repression. Repression of NF-κB signaling by glucocorticoids does not prevent NF-κB translocation or DNA binding. However interestingly, in vivo foot printing of the NF-κB site in the ICAM-1 gene indicates that glucocorticoids change the conformation of the protein complex binding to the NF-κB site. These results suggests that NF-κB interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor does not displace NF-κB from its DNA binding site but rather changes the complex into a transcriptionally inert form.


Atopic diseases are an increasing problem that involve both immediate hypersensitivity reactions mediated by IgE and unique cellular inflammation. Many forms of specific immunotherapy involve the administration of allergen to suppress allergic immune responses but are focused on IgE‐mediated reactions. In contrast, the effect of allergen‐specific immunotherapy on allergic inflammation is complex, not entirely consistent and not well understood. We have previously demonstrated the ability of allergen administered in a nanoemulsion (NE) mucosal adjuvant to suppress IgE‐mediated allergic responses and protect from allergen challenge in murine food allergy models. This activity was associated with decreases in allergen‐specific IL‐10 and reductions in allergic cytokines and increases in regulatory T cells.


In this article described theoretical and applied, science-based background, introducing instruments of logistics development forsiting energy systems, in analyzing the current state of Russian power omplex operating within the framework of a competitive market, identified the need to develop foresight projects of regional power complex.


are uniform, moment (M)-curvature {ip) relationships would be constant over the region between the two loaded points (flexural span) i. e. failure in the flexural span where moment is constant would occttre uniformly except for the region adjacent to tbe loaded points, According to the observation of the failure patterns of RC beams in experiments, however, failure zone is concentrated in a finite length, which is usually about h to 2 h (where, h is the height ef Rq beams)`)・')-9), Such failure or curvature localization i$ considered to be resulted from the unavoidable nonuniformities of the internal stresses especially adjacent to the loaded points, material characteristics of concrete and steel,'bond characteristics between concrete and steel, etc. Various M¢ relations, therefore, may inevitably be measured in experiments depending on the measurement region of the curvature. This fact is considered one of the reasons why the same results have not been reported on the applicability of the stress (a)-strain (e) behavior ef concrete te the plastic deformation analysis of RC beam sec '  ' tionsiO)-]3). For the concrete specimen even under the uniform stress state, on the oth,er hand, the failure zone is localized in a limited region of the specimen')・S),i`)・i5), and then the measured strain in the stress descending range is quite different depending on the length and position of the strain measurement region. Therefore, in order to attain agood accuracy in the deformation analysis of RC members under flexure, the a-e relation of concrete corresponding to the compressive zone of RC member should be applied to an appropriate certain region, instead of applying the relation of a conventional cylindrical specimen to any region. There aTe two main purposes in the present study. One is to exarnine the cttrvature localization i the constant flexural moment region of RC beams in plastic deformation range, The other is to discuss the applicability of the


Recent fossil and genetic studies generally support the Recent African Origins Theory as explanatory model of the origins of modern humans. However, the current fossil evidence is still in- sufficient to reject the competing claim regarding Australasia, that is, the idea of continuity between Javanese Homo erectus and modern aboriginal Australians. Recent discoveries of new Homo erectus fossils from the Sambungmacan region, Central Java, shed new light on this issue. Preliminary stud- ies suggest their intermediacy, both chronologically and morphologically, between the earlier and later groups of Javanese Homo erectus. The evolutionary trajectory of Javanese Homo erectus depict- ed from the more complete fossil record including the Sambungmacan specimens supports disconti- nuity between Homo erectus and Homo sapiens in Australasia.


Ian M. Robertson, an engineering professor at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), will be the next director of the Division of Materials Research at the National Science Foundation. Robertson, whose appointment takes effect on Jan. 3, 2011, will replace Zakya H. Kafafi, who will finish her three-year term later this year. The division has a 2010 budget of just over $300 million and operates under NSF's Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences. "This appointment recognizes Ian's leadership, significant research, and educational contributions to the field," Ilesanmi Adesida, dean of the College of Engineering at UIUC, said in a statement. The college's department of materials science and engineering, which Robertson headed from 2003 to 2009, "has been the top-ranked materials science program in the nation for many years and Ian has been a key participant in achieving that distinction," Adesida said. Robertson, 53, received a doctorate in metallurgy from the University of Oxford in ...


In 2017, depression became recognised as the leading cause of ill health and disability worldwide.1 In England, 1 in 6 people experience mental health problems every week,2 75%3 of whom may not be able to access the treatment they need. There is a growing interest in electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis to identify anomalous patterns of electrical activity in the brains of depressed patients. These patterns are known as EEG phenotypes.


The inverse and forward kinematics modeling of a three wheeled mobile robot (TWMR) is investigated. Assuming no track-wheel slippage, the TWMR has two degrees of freedom and needs only two driving actuators/motors. The robot is modeled (inverse kinematics) and the governing equations to track a desired path are derived. To verify the results, the TWMR is modeled in forward kinematics using simulation as well as experiment. The results showed good agreement between the desired path and the trace generated by the robot. Therefore the simulated forward kinematic model of robot is used to design controllers. A specific lane change duty is defined for the robot. A fuzzy logic controller is designed and its rules are optimized using heuristics and human expertise for the best results possible. The inputs of the controller are distance from desired lane and its derivatives and the outputs are angular velocities of actuators. Finally, a nonlinear P controller is developed for the same task and is optimized using genetic algorithm. The performance of our fuzzy controller is comparable to the nonlinear P controller. However, because of simplicity and the better optimization of P controller, its results are somehow better than the fuzzy controller.


Three-dimensional elasto-plastic and continuum fracture model for concrete, which had been originally developed with reference to uniform stress field, is verified on structural member level of non-uniformity. This study adopts idealized square concrete cores purely confined by closed square lateral steel ties. The constitutive model is examined in view of confining stress induced from lateral steel to core concrete and enhanced strength and ductility of core concrete at the axial capacity of columns. The verified applicable range of the constitutive model is clarified under practical stress conditions and paths arising in RC column members. The effect of loading rate on the plasticity evolution is also discussed.


ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING. Introduction to Environmental Sampling. PLANNING AND SAMPLING PROTOCOLS. Data Quality Objectives Affect All Aspects of Planning. Basic Considerations of Planning. Good Sampling Protocols Document Planning. Basic Sampling Approaches. Planning Includes Assessing Migration of Pollutants. Planning Includes Selecting Appropriate Sampling Devices. Composite Sampling Must Be Planned Carefully. Safety Plans Reduce Chemical Exposure and Liability. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL. Sampling Considerations. Defining Blank Sample Requirements. Using Blanks. Background (Control) Sample Selection. SAMPLING WATER MATRICES. Obtaining Representative Samples. Selecting Sampling Devices. Common Sampling Problems. Sample Preservation. SAMPLING AIR MATRICES. Obtaining Representative Samples. Selecting Sampling Devices. Common Sampling Problems. Influence of Meteorology and Topography on Sampling Air. Topography Effects. SAMPLING BIOLOGICAL MATRICES. Obtaining Representative Samples. Common Sampling Problems. Sample Preservation. SAMPLING SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND SLUDGES. Obtaining Representative Samples. Selecting Sampling Devices. Common Sampling Problems. Sample Preservation. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS. Introduction to Environmental Analysis. PLANNING ANALYTICAL PROTOCOLS. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL. Quality Assurance. Quality Control. Quality Assessment. Measurement Variability. Verification and Validation. Precision and Accuracy. ANALYTICAL MEASUREMENTS. Definition of the Data Set. Calibration and Standardization. Preparation of Samples. Recovery. Interferences. DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING. Documentation. Data Generation Versus Data Use. Reporting by Laboratories. Relative Bias at Low Concentration Levels. Reporting by Users. Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). Guidelines for Reporting and Presenting Data. Guidelines for Handling Data. Final Comments. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. REFERENCES. OTHER USEFUL SOURCES OF INFORMATION.


Microscopic colitis 1 –4 represents an area of communication difficulty, especially between gastroenterologists and histopathologists. The authors of this commentary welcome the paper of Libbrecht et al. 5 in this issue of Histopathology which describes a form of microscopic colitis. This exemplifies the fact that the original classification of lymphocytic or collagenous colitis is a little limited for routine diagnosis and understanding of the aetiology of microscopic colitis. The unhelpful term `non‐specific colitis' is best avoided, so the classification of microscopic colitis needs to evolve.


Sixty-four percent of the ASPRSN membership consists of physician's office based nurses. Most likely, many of these nurses have either opened, thought of opening or been asked about opening an office based surgical facility. In this issue of "Trends in Ambulatory Surgery" a humorous approach is used to address the pros and cons of opening an office based surgical facility. PSN thanks Bernard L. Kave, M.D., D.M.D., plastic surgeon; Joyce B. Kaye, M.A., office manager; and Catherine Salisbury, R.N., O.R. supervisor, plastic surgical nurse for their input.


This paper describes the development of a visualization system to enhance participation in Computer-Supported Collaboration Learning. The visualization system, which included two parts, learners' information on individual learning behaviors and group information on participation, was developed. To identify productive participation in an online learning environment, we look at a widely studied framework for assessing online discourse called Community of Inquiry framework, and we use its social presence.


The article presents a study on the issues of personal and professional self-development in future higher education seekers. Based on theoretical analysis and systematic organization of scientific sources, the essential characteristics of the concepts of "personal and professional self-development" and "self-education" have been determined, and their interpretations by domestic and foreign researchers have been analyzed. The key role of personal and professional self-development of education seekers in the context of constant changes, digital technology transformation, and rapid adaptation of future professionals to professional activities has been highlighted. Various types of educational activities that contribute to purposeful formation of personal and professional self-development of education seekers have been identified: application of training methods (group discussions, role-playing games, case method, etc.); performance of professional-oriented tasks of varying complexity; completion of non-standard professional-oriented cases and assignments; organization of extracurricular work for education seekers, involving an individual approach to students. It has been established that practical activities aimed at self-regulation of behavior and self-improvement of professional and personal qualities are among the key conditions for the self-development of future professionals. A summary interpretation of the definition of "self-education" as a gnosiological tool for personal and professional self-development, which ensures the accumulation of cognitive resources, enhancement of knowledge, skills, and abilities, and formation of professional competence of professionals at all stages of professional development, has been provided. Promising methods of self-education that enable gnosiological activities aimed at acquiring knowledge about the profession, independent development of professional skills and abilities have been outlined. Through a survey of education seekers in pedagogical specialties, a study of the process of self-development of the future professional'spersonality has been conducted


Thank you, Haig, for the poignant introduction and kindwords.IwouldalsoliketothankJeffMurray,TheAmericanSociety of Human Genetics (ASHG), the members of theAwards Committee, and especially Christopher Pearson.IfirstlearnedthatIwastherecipientofthe2013CurtSternAward from Christopher when I was on vacation with myfamily in San Francisco. I was pleasantly surprised and,frankly, was rendered speechless. For those of you whoknow me, you probably know that it takes a lot to renderme speechless. I am truly honored and humbled to bethe recipient of this prestigious honor.As Haig so elegantly outlined, Curt Stern was anoutstanding scientist who conducted genetic studies inmodel organisms to gain fundamental insights aboutbasic cellular processes. Namely, he used the fruit fly,Drosophila melanogaster, to demonstrate crossing-overbetween homologous chromosomes


The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement has three components: the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC); the recognized National Red Cross and National Red Crescent Societies (numbering 170 as at November 1996), and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (Federation). Each component is a separate entity, generally performing different tasks, under distinct parameters. Although united by a common humanitarian mission and specified Fundamental Principles, and with duties to cooperate with and support each other, the ICRC, the National Societies and the Federation are independent from each other. Thus, for most purposes, the Interna-


Death and the life-giving waters of the Nile were intimately interwoven in ancient Egyptian religion. The principal objective of this study is to develop a synthetic perspective for enhancing the u ...


In this work the influence of the drawing speed on fatigue strength of high carbon steel wires has been assessed. The drawing process of ϕ 5.5 mm wires to the final wire of ϕ 1.6 mm was conducted in 11 passes, in industrial conditions, by means of a modern Koch multi-die drawing machine. The drawing speeds in the last passes were: 5, 10, 15 and 20 m/s. For ϕ 1.6 mm wires the investigation of fatigue strength has been carried out. In order to explain the effect of drawing speed on fatigue strength of rope wires, the roughness of drawn wires have been also determined. In addition, the numerical analysis of the drawing process on the base of Drawing 2D in which distribution of redundant strain, has been shown. The data of investigations prove the favourable effect of high drawing speed on fatigue strength of drawn wires. It was found that the better fatigue strength of wires drawn at the speed of 20 m/s compared to the wires drawn at the speeds of 5-15 m/s is associated with a better geometric structure of the surface of those wires. In addition to the high fatigue strength of the wires drawn with high speed is related to theirs higher redundant strain. The obtained data investigation can be applied in wire industry while implementing the new technologies of high speed drawing process of high carbon steel wires.


The two best-known groups of outstanding Hungarian scientists are the so-called Martians of Science and the Nobel laureates. The 'Martians' (Theodore von Kármán, Leo Szilard, Eugene P. Wigner, John von Neumann, and Edward Teller) had milestone discoveries in fundamental science and contributed significantly to the defense of the Free World in its struggle against Nazism and Soviet communism. The Nobel laureates, among them Albert Szent-Györgyi, George de Hevesy, George Bekesy, Dennis Gabor, George A. Olah, and Avram Hershko, made important discoveries in their respective fields. There have been further renowned scientists (using the term scientist in an all-embracing fashion, including mathematicians as well as those representing the humanities and social sciences). Examples are János Bolyai, Ignác Semmelweis, Loránd Eötvös, Béla Bartók, Michael Polanyi, George Lukacs, János Kornai, Árpád Furka, Peter Lax, Endre * A Magyar Tudomány Ünnepe alkalmából a Magyar Tudományos Akadémán 2018. november 8-án elhangzott ismeretterjesztő előadás némileg bővített változata az előadáson bemutatott képek


It is accepted that shopping centers, which are built to accommodate different functions and claim to be an alternative to the city center, present the public space interpretation of the postmodern era. This article talk over the İstinyepark İzmir Shopping Center by its public space qualifications. It was developed, in addition the classic multi-storey shopping mall setup, as an alternative 'life center' to the urban space with referments to the 'traditional public neighbourhood-market experience', a 'public street' and 'public city park'. As a result of the examination, it was concluded that the project could not go beyond being a consumption space. Because it has not carry the principles of equality and accessibility; was adopted an enclaved approach in design decisions, contradicting the publicity; the city park is arranged as a passive green space that does not promise any activity to the citizens; the spatial organizations that imitate the urban space are just a decor-like representation. Therefore, although İstinyepark İzmir AVM may be a consumption center, it does not carry a public space atmosphere for an alternative to the city center.


We have used polarized neutron reflectometry to study the field-dependent magnetizations of Co/Pt mulitlayers patterned via deposition onto nanoporous alumina hosts with varying pore aspect ratio. Despite the porosity and lack of long-range order, robust spin-dependent reflectivities are observed, allowing us to distinguish the magnetization of the surface multilayer from that of material in the pores. We find that as the pores become wider and shallower, the surface Co/Pt multilayers have progressively smaller high field magnetization and exhibit softer magnetic reversal—consistent with increased magnetic disorder and a reduction of the perpendicular anisotropy near the pore rims. These results reveal complexities of magnetic order in nanoporous heterostructures, and help pave the way for depth-resolved studies of complex magnetic heterostructures grown on prepatterned substrates.


The influence of two typical ionic impurities (Fe2+ and SO42-) and operating factors in the presence of these impurities on phosphoric acid hemihydrate (H3PO4·0.5H2O) crystallization is investigated. The crystal growth mechanism and ion−crystal face interactions are systematically studied using an in-line focused beam reflectance monitoring (FBRM) technique and molecular dynamic simulation. It is noted that the seeding supercooling and cooling rate during crystallization have a more significant effect on the crystallization process in the presence of Fe2+ than that of SO42-. From microscopic observation of crystals, it is clear that Fe2+ has a notable effect on crystal morphology, while SO42- has very little effect. In order to obtain a deep understanding of the growth mechanism, a molecular simulation study using Cerius2 software was performed. The absolute values of the calculated binding energies for Fe2+ are larger than that for SO42-. Significant differences of Fe2+ binding energies to the different ...


36 During inattentive wakefulness and non-REM sleep, neocortex and thalamus co37 operatively engage in rhythmic activities that are exquisitely reflected in the EEG as 38 distinctive rhythms spanning a range of frequencies, from <1 Hz slow waves to 13 Hz 39 alpha waves. In thalamus, these diverse activities emerge through the interaction of cell40 intrinsic mechanisms and local and long-range synaptic inputs. One crucial feature , 41 however, unifies thalamic oscillations of different frequencies: repetitive burst f iring 42 driven by voltage-dependent Ca2+ spikes. Recent evidence reveals that thalamic Ca 2+ 43 spikes are inextricably linked to global somatodendritic Ca2+ transients and are essential 44 for several forms of thalamic plasticity. Thus, we here propose that alongside their 45 "rhythm-regulation function", thalamic oscillations of low-vigilance states have a 46 "plasticity function" that, through modifications of synaptic strength and cellular 47 excitability in local neuronal assemblies, can shape on-going oscillations during 48 inattention and non-REM sleep and may potentially reconfigure thalamic networks for 49 faithful information processing during attentive wakefulness. 50


This analysis used data on gynecologic cancers among women in North Carolina obtained from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry (NCCCR). The NCCCR collects, processes, and analyzes data on all cancer cases diagnosed among North Carolina residents. All health care providers who diagnose or treat cancer are required to report cases to the NCCCR within 6 months of diagnosis. To examine trends in incidence and mortality, annual incidence and mortality rates were calculated for gynecologic cancers among women in North Carolina (age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population) for the years 1995 through 2011 (the most recent year for which complete incidence data were available). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are 5 main types of gynecologic cancers: cervical, uterine, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar. The cancer site groupings were defined according to site recode variables from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute [1]. When calculating rates for minority women, we included all races other than white. These cancers do not include in-situ cases. Cervical Cancer Cervical cancer, which is primarily caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, can be prevented through regular Papanicoloau (Pap) smear screenings and use of the recently developed HPV vaccine [2]. The incidence rate of cervical cancer among all women in North Carolina decreased slightly between 1995 and 2011, from 9.4 to 7.3 cases per 100,000 women (Figure 1). During that same period, the rate of mortality from cervical cancer also decreased, from 3.6 to


This paper briefly analyses the following papers: a study of davidson's flow travel time relationship (gopinath menon=ap; tierney=ajh; blunden=wr and tindall=ji); short term traffic volume estimation (leong=hjw); relationship between design hourly volume and annual average daily traffic (leong=hjw and dominis=g); speed flow relationship for nine four lane roads in Melbourne (beard=cl and mclean=jr).


Abstract. Tourists and hikers visiting glaciers all year round face hazards such as
sudden terminus collapses, typical of such a dynamically evolving
environment. In this study, we analyzed the potential of different survey
techniques to analyze hazards of the Forni Glacier, an important geosite
located in Stelvio Park (Italian Alps). We carried out surveys in the
2016 ablation season and compared point clouds generated from an unmanned aerial
vehicle (UAV) survey, close-range photogrammetry and terrestrial laser
scanning (TLS). To investigate the evolution of glacier hazards and evaluate
the glacier thinning rate, we also used UAV data collected in 2014 and a
digital elevation model (DEM) created from an aerial photogrammetric survey
of 2007. We found that the integration between terrestrial and UAV
photogrammetry is ideal for mapping hazards related to the glacier collapse,
while TLS is affected by occlusions and is logistically complex in glacial
terrain. Photogrammetric techniques can therefore replace TLS for glacier
studies and UAV-based DEMs hold potential for becoming a standard tool in
the investigation of glacier thickness changes. Based on our data sets, an
increase in the size of collapses was found over the study period, and the
glacier thinning rates went from 4.55  ±  0.24 m a −1 between 2007
and 2014 to 5.20  ±  1.11 m a −1 between 2014 and 2016.


The twist-angle dependence of exciton absorption in a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/graphene heterostructure (MGH) is reported. Using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, we found that, as the twist angle increased, the MGH demonstrated an enhancement of PL intensity and a peak position blueshift, indicating that the exciton radiative recombination was positively correlated with the twist angle. In addition, optical reflectance measurements were performed in order to investigate the exciton absorption in the MGH. It was found that the reflectance of MGH samples was twist-angle dependent at wavelengths of 620 and 670 nm, which corresponds to the PL peak positions of MoS2. This was attributed to the change in interlayer charge transfer for different twist angles. Our findings confirm the tunability of the electronic structure in MGHs via the interlayer twist, which enriches our understanding of interlayer coupling and is important for the future development of electronic and optoelectronic devices based on 2D material heterostructures.The twist-angle dependence of exciton absorption in a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/graphene heterostructure (MGH) is reported. Using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, we found that, as the twist angle increased, the MGH demonstrated an enhancement of PL intensity and a peak position blueshift, indicating that the exciton radiative recombination was positively correlated with the twist angle. In addition, optical reflectance measurements were performed in order to investigate the exciton absorption in the MGH. It was found that the reflectance of MGH samples was twist-angle dependent at wavelengths of 620 and 670 nm, which corresponds to the PL peak positions of MoS2. This was attributed to the change in interlayer charge transfer for different twist angles. Our findings confirm the tunability of the electronic structure in MGHs via the interlayer twist, which enriches our understanding of interlayer coupling and is important for the future development of electronic and optoelectronic devices based on 2D...


Condition monitoring based on currents circulating between parallel stator windings of a synchronous motor has been demonstrated. Circulating currents arise from any asymmetries in the motor that influence the air-gap magnetic field such as an eccentric rotor or an inter-turn short circuit. A measurement system based on six individual current sensors has been designed to acquire current data on an industrial motor with high fidelity in order to get a better understanding of the sensitivity of the circulating currents to the different motor states. The selection of appropriate sensors as well as their dielectric layout is discussed in detail. The frequency analysis of the acquired current waveforms yields a rich and complex spectrum, proving the very high sensitivity of circulating currents even to small motor asymmetries.


We propose the attenuation relations for peak ground acceleration (PGA) and 5% damped spectral acceleration (Sa) applicable to the CMMT site which is located on rock. The CMMT site is located in Chiang Mai, the northern part of Thailand. Thailand has only a few ground motion data and most of peak ground acceleration are smaller than 1 gal. To overcome this difficulty, a Bayesian update technique was used to construct the attenuation relations for Thailand based on a past attenuation relation proposed by Idriss (1993). In this study, we added a correction term (site effect term) and error term to the Idriss attenuation relation using the Bayesian update technique. From the comparison of the prediction by the Idriss attenuation relation and the observed data, we found that the Idriss attenuation relation overestimates PGA but underestimates Sa. The prediction from the updated attenuation relation for PGA and Sa proposed by this study is much closer to the observations than those by the Idriss attenuation relation.


Auto glass antenna in which the antenna is mounted on the front windshield, where the received power of the broadcast signals is made on without impairing the driver's vision.


Travel  and tourism play a key role in Malaysia's economy, with almost 50% of Malaysia's export trade in services reflecting only travel. There are approximately 27 million annual tourist arrivals to Malaysia. The effect of coronaviruses on the Malaysian tourism industry will rely on how coronaviruses spread across Singapore rather than China, as tourists from Singapore are around 39 percent highest, while tourists from China are about 12% low. The coronavirus is a threat to economic life globally. This study aims to provide some recommendations to recover from the business and economic downturn caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Proper mitigation and recovery programs need to be identified to minimize the impact of coronavirus on the economy. Unlike other businesses, tourism will take more time to get back to normal during the recovery period, as visitors have to ensure that the situation is safe and stable before they have the motivation to engage in tourism activities again.


This study aims to analyze and examine the application of Civics learning using the Think-Pair-Share method in increasing student understanding. This research uses a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at a formal institution located in the probolinggo area of MI Raudlatul faizin Hamlet of Karanganyar Sokaan Krejengan Probolinggo. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results showed that the institution first used the Think-Pair-Share method in Civics learning. The second presentation is carried out using the initial framework of activities, the application of the Think-Pair-Share learning model, and Activity Evaluation. The implications obtained in the application of Civics learning using the Think-Pair-Share Model can develop students' understanding of Civics lessons which are carried out with the tricks and creativity of the teacher using the Think-Pair-Share learning model


The prelude to war is related to two different types of news: news controlled by governments, and the free flow of news as we understand it under American practices of journalism. Perhaps I can clarify my approach to the subject by stating two propositions: (1) the prevailing prelude to war is foreign governmental propaganda, largely by means of short-wave radio broadcasting; (2) the prelude to peace, which should engage our attention and study, is the relation of what I shall call free trade in international news to peace sentiment.


The self-routing algorithm for generalize shuffle networks is presented and the design of optical switching elements is performed. They are realized with active splitters and active combiners and are able to route messages through the network up to destination. The obtained structure presents a better performance than that of a classical self-routing /spl Omega/ network.<<ETX>>


Al2O3 coatings were formed on stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying using air and hydrogen gasses. The increase of the power increases the mean plasma flow temperature and velocity from 4540 to 5150 K and 1460  to 1590 m/s, respectively. The effect of torch power on the coating microstructure and phase composition was investigated. The increase of torch power almost has no effect on the elemental composition of Al2O3 coatings. The results indicated that the coating roughness decreased from 5.05 to 3.65 µm with increased power. The X‐ray diffraction measurements indicated that the as‐sprayed coatings are composed of α‐Al2O3, γ‐Al2O3, and β‐Al2O3 phases. The coating produced at the highest torch power had the highest amount of the γ‐Al2O3 and β‐Al2O3 phases. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


14 Sleep improves memory consolidation, including hippocampus-dependent declarative memory. It is 15 thought that by associating multiple aspects of an experience, the hippocampus enables its 16 transformation into an enduring memory. Most research on human sleep and declarative memory uses 17 exhaustive learning of word-pair associations. Here we present the visual paired association learning 18 (vPAL) paradigm, in which participants learn new associations between images of celebrities and animals. 19 vPAL associations are based on a one-shot exposure that resembles learning in natural conditions. 20 Furthermore, vPAL is an engaging short paradigm that does not require rehearsal or reading, making it 21 valuable for clinical settings. We tested if vPAL can reveal a role for sleep in memory consolidation by 22 assessing the specificity of memory recognition, and the cued recall performance, before and after sleep. 23 We found that a daytime nap improved the stability of recognition memory (decay was minimized) 24 compared to identical intervals of wakefulness. By contrast, cued recall of associations did not exhibit 25 significant sleep-dependent effects. Investigating memory consolidation during sleep with the vPAL 26 paradigm opens up new avenues for future research across ages and heterogeneous populations in health 27 and disease.


At the University of Southwestern Louisiana, an innovative course in college mathematics, Math 107, was designed to place mathematics into the context of everyday life and to use concepts from several disciplines within mathematics including algebra, geometry, statistics, probability, and data analysis. Inherent within the teaching of Math 107 was the use of reform strategies such as extensive real-world problem solving and cooperative learning. A comparison of (n=140) students enrolled in either Math 105, a traditional college algebra course, or in Math 107 showed that students enrolled in Math 107 had a lower attrition rate and a higher rate of satisfactory course completion. Statistical analysis showed that Math 107 students showed greater gains in positive attitudes towards mathematics. There were no significant differences based on size of class or the gender of the student. (Contains 18 references.) (Author/MKR) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** An Investigation into the Effectiveness of an Integrated Mathematics Course for College Freshmen Compared to Traditional Algebra for College Students


Abstract The coordination polyhedron of the antimony atom in antimony tris-(O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate) is a distorted capped octahedron with a stereochemically active lone pair in the capping position and approximately on a molecular pseudo triad axis which passes through the antimony atom.


Tick-borne diseases world-wide are responsible for the deaths of millions of cattle each year, and chronic anaemia in millions more. Their distribution often coincides with that of trypanosomiases of man and animal, onchocerciasis and malaria, and minimal use of the areas in which they occur. To develop such areas needs careful management with regard to improved grazing, up-grading of stock, control of ticks by dipping or spraying and, where possible, exclusion of wild host animals.


In this article, we demonstrate a novel use of case research to generate an empirical function through qualitative generalization. This innovative technique applies interpretive case analysis to the problem of defining and generalizing an empirical cost function for test cases through qualitative interaction with an industry cohort of subject matter experts involved in software testing at leading technology companies. While the technique is fully generalizable, this article demonstrates this technique with an example taken from the important field of software testing. The huge amount of software development conducted in today's world makes taking its cost into account imperative. While software testing is a critical aspect of the software development process, little attention has been paid to the cost of testing code, and specifically to the cost of test cases, in comparison to the cost of developing code. Our research fills the gap by providing a function for estimating the cost of test cases.


Cyclobis(diethylene glycol carbonate), (DEGC) 2 , was synthesized by polycondensation of diethylene glycol with diethyl carbonate followed by thermal depolymerization of the crude polycarbonate in vacuo. BuSnCl 3 -initiated polymerizations of (DEGC) 2 in chlorobenzene at 100°C gave poor results. Therefore, all further polymerizations were conducted at 145°C in bulk. Two series of polymerizations were performed with BuSnCl 3 as catalyst, so that either the time was varied at constant monomer/initiator (M/ I) ratio, or the M/I ratio at constant time. Two analogous series were conducted with SnOct 2 . With both catalysts high yields but only moderate molecular weights were obtained. SnOct 2 yielded polycarbonates having octoate end-groups, which were detected by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. (DEGC) 2 was also polymerized with Bu 2 SnO at M/I = 200 or 500 with variation of time. The highest yields and molecular weights were obtained at the shortest time, whereas longer times caused rapid depolymerization. Therefore, Bu 2 SnO appeared to be the most reactive catalyst. Both 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra proved that all poly(diethylene glycol carbonates) prepared in this work possess an alternating sequence of ether and carbonate groups.


The intent of this study was to examine the extent of the implementation of cooperative training in Technical Vocational and Education and Training Colleges of Oromia, Ethiopia. To achieve this purpose, researcher used mixed research design, quantitative and qualitative. The participants of the study for quantitative data includes: 77 (36.73%) trainers, 49 (48.89%) leaders and 74 (23.44%) level-4, 2014 trainees a total of 200 respondents and 1 TVET agency outcome based training process owner, 6 District TVET representatives, 6 Deans, 6 outcome based TVET colleges process owners and 6 industry representatives to obtain qualitative data. Quantitative data obtained were analyzed by applying descriptive statistics (i.e., mean, standard deviation and percentage) and inferential statistics (One-way ANOVA) and the qualitative data was analyzed with the help of themes to view a clear picture of the issue understudy. The study result showed that their exist weak collaborative work culture among TVET colleges and that of industries and TVET colleges under the study did not adequately sorted out potential industrial partner and established full collaboration with them. Hence, the study recommended the importance establishing and maintaining networks of partners for the delivery of cooperative training, feedback on the quality of TVET programs and facilitating the employment opportunity of TVET graduates.


1. A process for preparing a concentrated liquid food product, comprising treating a sugar-containing solution having an index of Brix 20 °, and catalase uglevodoksidazoy without pH adjustment before or during processing by addition of buffer substances or basic substances to obtain a concentrated liquid food product, the pH which is less than 3.2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said solution further comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of fruits, berries, vegetables, herbs, nuts, spices, fungi, cereal and agricultural kultur.3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that uglevodoksidaza selected from the group consisting of glucose oxidase, hexose oxidase and laktozooksidazy.4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said solution or concentrate or extract has a Brix index of at least 30 ° .5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the processing temperature is from 0 ° C to 30 ° C.6. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment was started at a temperature of from 10 ° C to 30 ° C.7. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature during the treatment is reduced to 0-10 ° C when the pH is below 4.8. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said solution or concentrate or extract further comprises at least one functional compound selected from the group consisting of a stabilizer, colorant, sweetener and aromatizatora.9. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said sugar is selected from the group consisting of maltose, lactose, glucose, hexoses, hydrolysed concentrate sucrose, invert sugar with


The detailed flow characteristics of a direct measuring skin-friction gauge are examined. This type of device uses a small, movable head mounted flush to a wall, such that the head is assumed to be exposed to the same shear stress from the flow as the surrounding wall. The resulting deflection can be monitored by instruments such as strain gauges mounted on a flexure below the head. The goal of this study was to develop an understanding of the effects that the geometric design and installation parameters of the device have on the surrounding flow and the ability of the gauge to reflect the undisturbed shear stress value. Factors influencing the performance of a skin-friction gauge include the presence of the necessary gaps in the wall around the floating head, improper installation/misalignment issues with respect to the wall, and extraneous forces arising from pressure gradients. All of these effects are studied here computationally with a three-dimensional, Navier-Stokes code based on the finite element technique


Temperature-programmed reaction/desorption (TPR/D) and reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) have been employed to investigate the thermal reactions and intermediates of ICH2CN on Cu(100) in an ultra-high vacuum system. The TPR/D study shows the evolution of reaction products of CH3CN, HCN, H2 and C2N2. After the desorption of the products, atomic C, N and I are left on the surface, examined by Auger electron spectroscopy. The RAIRS investigation shows that -CH2CN is generated from ICH2CN dissociative adsorption on Cu(100) at 180 K. A part of -CH2CN molecules transforms to -CHCN at 240 K. Between 240-300K,-CH2CN and -CHCN is coexist on the surface. Theoretical calculation predicts that -CH2CN is most likely to be adsorbed at atop sites on Cu(100). -CH2CN generated at low coverages has its C-C-N backbone approximately parallel to the surface. At higher coverages, the backbone tilts away from the surfaces.


Background: The aim of the study is to examine the relationships in the applied integrated model of self-determination theory (SDT) and theory of planned behavior (TPB). Each reflects motivation on contextual and situational levels, accordingly.
Methods: Study included 394 adult patients with type 1 (T1D) (41.6%) and type 2 (T2D) (58.4%) diabetes. Diet was measured by two items from Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire (Toobert et al., 2000). Variables within TPB were developed in accordance with the recommendations made by Ajzen (2006). Anticipated regret and practitioners' subjective norms were added. Autonomy support was measured by HCCQ (Williams et al., 1998) for diabetes management. Treatment self-regulation style measured by TSRQ for diet (Williams et al., 2004). Cronbach alphas varied from .69 to .94. Multi-group Structural equation modeling was conducted to test model fit and to determine model invariance between two types of diabetes.
Findings: The integrated model showed good model fit (CFI=.97, TLI=.92, RMSE=.07, SRMR=.05). SDT and TPB variables explained 55 and 59% of intentions in T1D and T2D, respectively. Diet behavior was predicted by autonomous motivation (β=.242) and anticipated regret (β=.201) in T1D and autonomous motivation (β=.307) and intention (β=.243) in T2D.
Discussion: The findings provide evidence of the utility of integrated model in population of diabetes patients. Strengthening the autonomous motivation in both types of diabetes could be promising seeking positive effect on their diet behavior.


The deformation and fracture characteristics of nickel-base single crystal superalloys at high temperatures, which are in plates with different thickness and in different crystallographic orientations, have been studied. The macro-results show that the thickness effects are dependent on the test temperature. The strength increases with decreasing thickness at 1000℃, while the strength increases with increasing thickness below 950℃. At 1000℃, the dependence of strength on crystallographic orientation is not distinct. The micro-results show that [001] plate specimens at 1000℃ are in void-related ductile fracture model, and the rest specimens are in micro-face fracture model. And it is confirmed that the microface are crystallographic slip plane, and voids on the faces have important effects on the fracture.


Research on implementing several projects and proposals of U learning are carried out for the past 10 years. The methods for learning are changing according to the novel inventions in the both hardware and software methods. One such method we concentrate in this paper is novel examination scenarios' where the participant need not physically appeared the examination but can write the test / present a seminar/ evaluate a test paper / submit the feedback / participate in a quiz etc remotely either login in their laptops or through their android. In this paper we concentrated on developing these U learning applications using a new approach called characteristicUML. We proposed a some Characteristics which help designers in developing these scenarios and enable the Teachers / Researchers / Students to login remotely, download the content, submit the seminars/projects/assignments, actively participate in webinars, test forums etc either through their local desktop or androids.


We present a study of the C K-edge using high-resolution LETGS Chandraspectra of four novae during their super-soft-source (SSS) phase. We identified absorption lines due to C II Kα, C III Kα, and C III Kβ resonances. We used these astronomical observations to perform a benchmarking of the atomic data, which involves wavelength shifts of the resonances and photoionization cross-sections. We used improved atomic data to estimate the C II and C III column densities. The absence of physical shifts for the absorption lines, the consistence of the column densities between multiple observations, and the high temperature required for the SSS nova atmosphere modelling support our conclusion about an interstellar medium origin of the respective absorption lines. Assuming a collisional ionization equilibrium plasma the maximum temperature derived from the ratio of C II/C III column densities of the absorbers correspond to T_(max) < 3.05 × 10^4 K.


In the present work, we investigate the behavior of the Locally Recurrent Probabilistic Neural Network (LRPNN) with different activation functions in the recurrent layer neurons. Specifically, we evaluate the performance of the modified activation function proposed here, which belongs to the family of Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), and compare it with other ReLU-based functions, the traditional sigmoid activation function, as well as with the Swish and E-Swish activation functions. Furthermore, we investigate the efficiency of a training procedure which simultaneously adjusts the spread factor sigma and the weights in the recurrent layer of the LRPNN. This training helps for coping with practical tasks, such as the recognition of Parkinson condition from speech signals, which operate under limited amount of training data. MSC : 68T01, 92B20, 92C50


Within occupational therapy there is a pervasive belief that occupational therapists treat the whole person and that this is a good thing. In this paper I examine the meanings and origins of the phrase "occupational therapists treat the whole person" and conclude that due to ambiguity of meaning and unsound basis, the phrase should be discarded from occupational therapy discourse.


Predictability of transmission line parameters is very important for microelectronics packaging. Surface roughness can cause a drastic deviation in transmission line parameters from the ideal theoretically calculated values. State-of-the-art analytical and full-wave surface roughness models have been helpful in closing this gap but they have considerable limitations, especially when applied to certain types of thin-film structures. This work analyzes some state-of-the-art surface roughness models and quantifies their limitations. A new approach to surface roughness characterization is then presented.


This paper presents an energy analysis of the amplitude death, a phenomenon that the individual oscillators cease to oscillate when coupled and go to an equilibrium motion instead, of a pair of coupled oscillators with time delay that are slightly perturbed from two undamped oscillators and with delayed coupling. The energy analysis reveals that amplitude death, as well as the stability of the phase-locked periodic solutions, can be justified by the sign of the averaged total powers along a special function with harmonic entries, rather than along arbitrary solution of the coupled oscillators as in the application of the method of Lyapunov's function for stability analysis. An illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of the present method.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


Congestion optimization, at an intersection, needs real-time traffic state information from the neighboring intersections. Existing actuated traffic light controllers (TLCs) act on local traffic data. On the same line, max-pressure-based TLCs have been proved effective to act in real-time. However, such TLCs act only on queue length or travel time, which are unable to optimize the congestion as they act only on local traffic data. Furthermore, such TLCs suffer from the starvation problem; if a road lane, at an intersection, continuously receives enormous vehicles during peak hours, then it gets continuous green phase duration, and other lanes continue with red phase duration for a longer time. To overcome this, we propose an efficient quantized max-pressure-based TLC utilizing software-defined networking (SDN) to mitigate the abovementioned issues and maintain the traffic flow in the city. The proposed SDN-enabled quantized max-pressure controller (SDN-QMPC) takes real-time vehicular dynamics as inputs and generates the traffic light phase duration in the form of dynamic time quantum by accounting for heterogeneous traffic states. Roadside units/cameras are considered vehicle sensing entities for the real-life implementations to account vehicular dynamics, such as vehicle speed, vehicle position, etc. These parameters become inputs for SDN-QMPC to generate SDN control-enabled TLC signals. An extensive simulation study has been carried out on an Indian city map using an open-source simulator, i.e., simulation of urban mobility. The comparative results against the state-of-the-models prove the effectiveness of SDN-QMPC.


INTRODUCTION. WILLIAM Hunter once remarked " there are but two things that have much effect on me at a labour, haemorrhage and convulsions. '' Those responsible for the management of the third stage will heartily endorse these words spoken two centuries ago by a man who was not only a great anatomist but an outstanding obstetrician. The mechanism of the separation and expulsion of the placenta has exercised the minds of clinicians for a great many years, for it is justly believed that, until a clear understanding of this stage of labour is reached, its management cannot be perfected. The Ministry of Health (1948) record that in 1946 18.5 per cent of maternal deaths occurred from haemorrhage in childbirth and the puerperium, a large proportion of these being attributable to the third stage of. labour or as a sequel to it. A disappointing fact is that the figure is greater than that for 1945 by 1.5 per cent. The purpose of this essay is to describe a method of investigating the separation and expulsion of the placenta, by the introduction of a radio-opaque substance into the umbilical cord after the birth of the baby. By using this method it is hoped that various


To the best of our knowledge we do not state or show in our manuscript that the oxygen isotopic composition of the water remains nearly unchanged. In fact, one of our conclusions is that the salinity shift we reconstruct based on our alkenone δD record is comparable to the salinity shift estimated based on the change in the reconstructed oxygen isotopic composition of sea water by Martinez-Mendez et al. (2010). As shown in figure 2 and 3 the δ18Oseawater shift is approximately 1 ‰ for TII and TI, although this shift is more clear in the TII records.


P1309 – Table 1. Peak levels of myocardial infarct size No DM (n=2611) DM (n=677) P-value DM + Metformin (n=185) DM – Metformin (n=475) P-value CK (U/L) 1314 (561–2896) 1319 (527–2951) 0.854 1101 (336–2602) 1422 (623–3042) 0.05 CKMB (U/L) 169 (79–322) 171 (72–297) 0.284 152 (58–267) 182 (83–313) 0.018 Troponin T (μg/L) 3.3 (1.1–7) 3.7 (1.1–8.4) 0.306 2.5 (0.6–7.7) 4.0 (1.4–8.7) 0.021 Peak levels during hospital admission after admission for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction of patients without (no DM) vs. with diabetes (DM), and of diabetic patients with metformin (DM + metformin) vs. diabetic patients treated otherwise (DM – metformin). some patients (pts) with acute myocardial infarction (MI) are accidentally referred to non-cardiology departments. We wanted to characterize these pts and to assess their long-term mortality. For comparison MI pts admitted to the hospitals Coronary Care Unit (CCU) were also investigated. Mehtods: During a one-year period unselected pts admitted to a university hospital were studied. All pts having troponin I measured on clinical indication were included. Pts transferred from other hospitals were excluded. The diagnosis and classification of MI were according to the universal definition. Pts were followed for at least one year, and all cause mortality was registered using the National Civil Registration System Registry. Results: From January 2010 to January 2011 a total of 7230 consecutive pts were considered, and 3762 qualified for inclusion. A total of 488 pts had an acute MI and of these 115 (24%) were initially referred to non-cardiology departments. The remaining 373 pts were admitted to the CCU. MI pts in non-cardiology departments were older (mean age 80±11 vs. 69±13 years; p<0.001) and had significant more co-morbidity including heart failure, prior stroke, PAD and renal failure. The frequency of ST-elevation MIs was lower in pts from non-cardiology departments (10%) compared with CCU pts (33%) (p<0.001). During a median follow-up of 2.1 years 150 pts died. Mortality in pts from non-cardiology departments was higher than in CCU pts: 67% vs. 20% (p<0.001). Mortality in acute MI patients Conclusion: Long-term mortality in MI pts in non-cardiology departments is 3-4 times higher than in CCU pts. The reasons for this observation is multifactorial including significant differences in age, co-morbidity and MI classifications between the two groups. P1311 | BEDSIDE Cardiac stem cell replicative capacity predicts ventricular remodeling in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting D. D'Amario, A.M. Leone, A. Iaconelli, M. Luciani, M. Gaudino, M. Manchi, L. Ottaviani, A. Siracusano, M. Massetti, F. Crea. Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Institute of Cardiology, Rome, Italy Background: Intracoronary infusion of human Cardiac Stem Cells (hCSCs) has been found to be safe and effective in improving LV function and in reducing infarct size in ischemic patients. Yet, their efficacy is remarkably variable in different patients. The objective of the current study was to establish whether hCSCs replicative capacity and circulating growth factor levels predict left ventricular remodeling after CABG. Methods: 55 patients undergoing elective CABG for multi-vessel coronary atherosclerosis were studied. 2D-ecocardiography and a blood sample to measure IGF-1, HGF, VEGF, SCF, G-CSF and bFGF were carried out at time of surgery and at 6 month FU in all patients. Moreover, hCSCs (defined as being c-kit-positive and lineage negative) were isolated from surgical biopsies and 4 indexes of hCSCs growth, survival and senescence (Population Doubling Time (PDT), telomeric length and telomerase acitivity and expression of IGF-1R) were measured and correlated to left ventricular remodeling. Results: hCSCs were successfully isolated in all 55 patients. hCSCs did not express epitopes of hematopoietic cell lineages and were negative also for a cocktail of lineage markers of bone marrow-derived stem cells and for markers of mesenchymal stromal cell. In all patients, a subset of hCSCs was found to express the IGF-1R. A highly significant direct correlation between improvement of ejection fraction at FU and hCSC length of telomeres (p<0.0001; R2 0.59), telomerase activity (p<0.001; R2 0.50) and % of IGF1Rpos (p<0.0001; R2 0.60) was observed as well as an inverse correlation with PDT (p<0.0001; R2 0.84). The data were consistent and significant also when hCSCs replicative capacity was correlated with changes of end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes. When comparing patients according to the presence or absence of adverse LV remodeling defined D ow naded rom http/academ ic.p.com /eurheartj/article-34/suppl_1/P1308/2860503 by gest on 15 M arch 2020


A new approach for Epilepsia has been undertaken in this issue, which is devoted entirely to the topic of phenytoin. The stimulus for such a consolidation was the submission to the journal of all the papers (the first eight in this issue) presented at a recent symposium on phenytoin, organized by Dr. Arthur Raines. This is the first time that the entire proceedings of a symposium has been submitted to Epilepsia for editorial consideration. It is hoped that this venture will be found scientifically valuable. Certainly the papers in this issue cover much of the new knowledge about phenytoin. If this proves to be a useful approach, it is planned to apply it to other topics of interest to our readers in occasional future issues.


documents the excavations and the material culture, chronology, subsistence economy and production activities at the site. It argues that the findings support the identification of Gao Saney with the trading town Sarneh mentioned in a tenthcentury Arab chronicle. The relationship of Gao Saney to Gao Ancien, the putative 'royal town' of Kawkaw, is considered through a comparison of material excavated from a massive stone building complex there with the material from Gao Saney. The firstmillennium pottery at both sites is identical, but élite goods and stone architecture are present in abundance only at Gao Ancien. The evidence supports the identification of a royal town linked to Gao Saney by market and trade relations linked to early long-distance trade.


Antibodies against IL‐1α were detected in sera of apparently healthy individuals. The immunoglobulins belonged to the IgG and class, particularly IgG1. IgG2. and IgG4. [125I]rIL‐1α bound to Tab fragments of IgG. and IgG immune complexes of molecular weights from 160 to 700 kDa were formed in the sera by [125I]rIL‐1α. The occurrence of detectable anti‐IL‐1α IgG in sera of 32 male and 32 female donors was 25 and 22% respectively. As judged by Scatchard analysis of the binding data, the capacity and avidity of binding were greaser in the male than in the female sera (mean capacity to bind [l25I]rIL‐1α 10 [0.7 ‐27] versus 3.3 [0.5‐7.3] ng/ml; and mean Kd:5.5 [5‐7] versus 11 [4 16] PM). The antibodies did not cross‐bind human recombinant IL‐1β, IL‐2, 1L‐6. or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α). It is concluded that native IL‐1α seems lo trigger production of specific, high‐avidity IgG antibodies in a relatively large number of normal individuals. These autoantibodies may regulate immunoinflammatory processes involving IL‐1α.


Each country has its own standards to live up to. Geographical Indications is a type of Intellectual Property that recognize products to bear a certain reputation for themselves based on the country of its origin. It is logical to assume that they contain characteristics, like their quality, that are dependent on factors such as environmental or human characteristics. The role of Geographical Indications is vital in Intellectual Property and is gaining recognition rightfully. Bangladesh supply chain also enacted this act recently and is in the process of registering its traditional and specialized products. The present paper takes a synopsis of the existing scenario of Geographical Indications in Bangladesh supply chain. The paper will also show some strategies and roadmap from marketing perspectives to be taken by the authorities to reach and meeting the needs of the target customers of this particular sector. Two research methods, Case Study and In-depth Interviews have been used to collect primary data. A necessary aspect of this paper is how it sheds light on aspects that are needed to benefit from stimulating areas of GI and its proper application. Another vital discussion is regarding the increase in activities required to improve the marketing scheme of GI application. Enhancing quality is key to improving the products and the market. To secure the position of GI and their beneficiaries in Bangladesh supply chain, it is necessary that the Ministry if Industries works in collaboration and harmony with them.


In view of the resource and climate problems, it seems obvious that we must transform our energy system into one using only renewable energies. But questions arise how such a system should be structured, which techniques should be used and, of course, how costly it might be. These questions were the focus of a study which investigated the cost optimum of a future renewable electricity supply for Europe and its closer Asian and African neighbourhood. The resulting scenarios are based on a broad data basis of the electricity consumption and for renewable energies. A linear optimisation determines the best system configuration and temporal dispatch of all components. The outcome of the scenarios can be considered as being a scientific breakthrough since it proves that a totally renewable electricity supply is possible even with current technology and at the same time is affordable for our national economies. In the conservative base case scenario, wind power would dominate the production spread over the better wind areas within the whole supply area, connected with the demand centres via HVDC transmission. The transmission system, furthermore, powerfully integrates the existing storage hydropower to provide for backup coequally assisted by biomass power and supported by solar thermal electricity. The main results of the different scenarios can be summarized as follows:


Fiber bolstered cement features a higher flexural high-quality than that of unreinforced concrete and cement fortified with welded wire texture. The winning paintings centers within the route of the have a bearing on of polypropene filaments and steel strands on awing parameters of cement, for example, compressive, tractable and flexural unbelievable and what is more on the reasonableness of the usage of the higher filaments within the development. Metal strands of folded kind and polypropene fiber of recron kind having bother of read % of thirty are administered during this analysis. The vital side of this design is to think the high-quality homes of metallike and polypropene fiber fortified cement of M25 assessment having combination extent 1: two.25: 4.26 with W/C % of zero.50 containing strands of bond, zero.25%, zero.50% and 0.75% by means of victimization the usage of quantity of cement. associate terribly final consequences statistics got has been stony-broke down and contrasted and a manipulate instance (zero% fiber). the highest notch parameters certainly due to the very fact the fee examination are likewise created on this art work associated metal fiber grew to form larger to be out because of the truth the higher fiber for an amount of zero.50%. Steel fiber fortified cement is castable or sprayable material of water pushed concretes, very smart or wonderful and route totals with distinct steel strands of rectangular skip-phase haphazardly scattered at some certificate at intervals the community. metallike fiber assist cement with the helpful useful resource of opposing pliable cacophonous .. metallike filaments create superior isotopically, notably enhancing the strong's protection from breaking, separation, spalling and inclined spot. Charge of the steel fiber is larger appreciation regarding the polypropenefiber, instead the primary rate is excessive contrasted with polypropene fiber.


At&act. Call a set of assertions J& complete (with respect to a class of programs 9) if for any p, q E & and S 'E 9, whenever {p}S{q} holds, then all intermediate assertions can be chosen from ~4. This paper is devoted to the study of the problem which sets of assertions are complete in the above sense. We prove that any set of recursive assertions containing true and false is not complete. We prove the completeness for while programs of some more powerful assertions, e.g. the set of recursively enumerable assertions. Finally, we show that by allowing the use of an '<auxiliary' coordinate, the set of recursive assertions is compiete for while programs.


Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that predominantly cleave their substrates after aspartic acid residues. Much of what we know of caspases emerged from investigation a highly conserved form of programmed cell death called apoptosis. This form of cell death is regulated by several caspases, including caspase-2, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8 and caspase-9. However, these "killer" apoptotic caspases have emerged as versatile enzymes that play key roles in a wide range of non-apoptotic processes. Much of what we understand about these non-apoptotic roles is built on work investigating how "killer" caspases control a range of neuronal cell behaviors. This review will attempt to provide an up to date synopsis of these roles.


The globalization era has had an impact on the existence of the Indonesian language. Responding to this issue, Indonesian language is important to learn through the education level in Indonesia. This study aims to describe the content, implementation, and challenges of the compulsory curriculum course Indonesian language learning policy in tertiary institutions. This research method used a literature review sourced by policy documents and scientific journal articles. The results showed that the Indonesian language learning policy was released by the government of the Republic of Indonesia in various regulations contained in Law Number 12 of 2012, Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021, and Decree of the Director General of Higher Education Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 84/E/KPT /2020. The existence of this policy provides an overview of the standard of learning Indonesian language in higher education. Generally, policies regarding learning Indonesian language in higher education have been implemented, although there are still various obstacles. The challenges of the implementation include advances in technological development, student language mastery, and digital-based learning components. The involvement of various parties is needed in order to achieve the expected policy objectives.


To the Editor: Pinworm disease, caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis, is the most common helminth infection worldwide. Man is the principal natural host of the parasite. However, pinworm disease is quite rare in developed countries even in older persons (1). We have encountered a case of an old woman with perianal pinworm disease. A 69-year-old Japanese woman was referred to the Dermatology Clinic, Yokohama City University Hospital, in February of 1991. She had erythematous papules, some of them eroded, that itched severely in her perianal region (Fig. 1). This condition had occurred on and off for the last 4 years. The patient was living with 7 other members of her family, including infants, but none of them had the same complaint. We detected slightly asymmetric pinworm eggs (Fig. 2) by microscopic examination with the potassium hydroxide (KOH) method. Repeated attempts to detect ova by applying adhesive tape swabs to the perianal region or by stool examination were unsuccessful. We diagnosed the case as perianal pinworm dermatitis. She took pyrvinium pamoate (5 mg/kg) twice at an interval of one week, and the perianal dermatitis cleared up. Pinworm females wander to the perianal and perineal regions, mainly at night, where they usually die after oviposition (2). The most common clinical complaints are local itching and restless sleep due to nocturnal anal pruritus; many infections, however, remain asymptomatic. There are few complaints of perianal dermatitis due to pinworm in adults, but it is not uncommon in adults when children in the


Among various optical methods, fluorescence imaging has been the most widely exploited thanks to its superior sensitivity and specificity, but the resolvable colors are restricted to 2-5 colors because of the intrinsically broad and featureless spectra. Recently, this fluorescent "color barrier" was broken and super-multiplex optical imaging became possible taking advantage of well-designed Raman probes. However, the acquisition of the super-multiplex images is still relatively slow which impedes wider applications. Here, we demonstrate fast super-multiplex organelle imaging with high-speed color switching and acquisition, which accelerates the imaging speed by 2 orders of magnitude. We applied it in imaging cytometry, tracing mitosis and fast organelle motions in live cells. We anticipate that high-speed supermultiplex optical imaging can expand to a much wider field of biological researches.


1 Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD. Universal defi nition of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2007; 28 : 2525–38. 2 Hamm CW, Bertrand M, Braunwald E. Acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation: implementation of new guidelines. Lancet 2001; 358 : 1533–8. 3 Rationale and design of the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) Project. a multinational registry of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes. Am Heart J 2001; 141 : 190–9. 4 Hochholzer W, et al . New defi nition of myocardial infarction: impact on long-term mortality. Am J Med 2008; 121 : 399–405. 5 AHA. Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. 2001, American Heart Association: Dallas TX. 6 Coronary Heart Disease Statistics . 2004, London: British Heart Foundation. 7 Birkhead JS, et al . Improving care for patients with acute coronary syndromes: initial results from the National Audit of Myocardial Infarction Project (MINAP). Heart 2004; 90 : 1004–9. 8 Eagle KA, et al . A validated prediction model for all forms of acute coronary syndrome: estimating the risk of 6-month postdischarge death in an international registry. JAMA 2004; 291 : 2727–33. 9 Fox KA, et al . Management of acute coronary syndromes. Variations in practice and outcome; fi ndings from the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE). Eur Heart J 2002; 23 : 1177–89. 10 Hasdai D, et al . Cardiac biomarkers and acute coronary syndromes–the Euro Heart Survey of Acute Coronary Syndromes Experience. Eur Heart J 2003; 24 : 1189–94. 11 Hasdai D, et al . A prospective survey of the characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes in Europe and the Mediterranean basin; the Euro Heart Survey of Acute Coronary Syndromes (Euro Heart Survey ACS). Eur Heart J 2002; 23 : 1190–201. 12 Hoekstra JW, et al . Improving the care of patients with nonST-elevation acute coronary syndromes in the emergency department: the CRUSADE initiative. 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Lameness is an important problem in cattle and is often associated with an important economic loss in beef and milk production. Because of the pain, it is becoming an important welfare issue and represents 1 of the major culling causes in dairy herds. The joint is the second most important cause of lameness after the digit.
There is in an important lack in the literature regarding prognosis and factors associated with septic arthritis in calves. The objective of the study is to determine clinical characteristics, clinicopathologic data, and bacterial culture results associated with septic arthritis in calves less than 180 days old and to establish long-term prognosis of the condition.


This paper describes the analysis of the development trends of energy consumption struc-ture and atmospheric environmental pollution of Qinhuangdao city.The environmental quality and en-ergy structure of 2000 and 2010 in Qinhuangdao city are predicted respectively,then several optionsincluding energy structure improvement,briquette popularization and cleaner production practice toreduce energy consumption in industry are suggested,and the resulting effects on atmospheric pollution control are discussed.


Human chitinase chitotriosidase (CTTS) is expressed in chronically activated macrophages that typically are filled with lipid material in certain pathologic conditions. To examine activity levels of CTTS in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), researchers used concurrent samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 153 patients with definite MS, 29 patients with other neurological diseases (OND), and 55 …


To the Editor—We have read with great interest the article by Johnston et al, who suggest a decision analysis for patients with t1 adenocarcinoma of the low rectum. We believe that the article presents 2 major drawbacks. in table 1, the authors include in local excision (le) both transanal endoscopic microsurgery (tem) and classical transanal local excision (tle), techniques that we do not consider comparable. international literature has demonstrated the superiority of tem vs tle. moore et al and de Graaf et al showed that tem was more likely to yield clear margins (90% vs 71%, p = 0.001 and 88% vs 50%, p < 0.001) and a nonfragmented specimen (94% vs 65%, p < 0.001 and 98.6% vs 76.2%, p < 0.001) than tle. moore et al (5% vs 27%), middleton et al (6% vs 22%), and de Graaf et al (6.1% vs 28.7%) reported a significantly reduced recurrence rate for tem in comparison with tle. moreover, t1 rectal cancer is an heterogeneous clinical entity, presenting 3 depths of invasion: sm1 to sm3. the depth of submucosal invasion represents a major prognostic factor of recurrence after le: 0% for sm1 vs 22.7% for sm2 to sm3. in addition, pt stage, grading, and size >3 cm are independent predictors of recurrence. therefore, although we agree that le plays a fundamental role in the modern treatment of early rectal cancer, we believe that, when le is indicated, tem should be the technique of choice. furthermore, different clinical strategies should be proposed for t1sm1 compared with t1sm2/3, aside from decision analysis.


Aims: As teachers observing professional ethics has an important role in improving the students' performance, adherence to the principles and values of professional ethics in faculty members who are responsible for administration and training conducting is essential. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of teaching professional ethics from students' view point of Qom University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 155 students of Qom University of Medical Sciences in were selected using stratified random sampling method in 2013-14. Dara gathered using teaching professional ethics researcher-made questionnaire containing 48 components and 6 items which its face and content validity was confirmed by academic specialists and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.92. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 software using descriptive statistics and One-sample-T test. Findings: The total mean score ofteaching professional ethics was 3.54±0.68 from students' view point. The mean difference compared to the average level was significant (p=0.0005) except various aspects of learners' cognitive component (p=0.179), personality characteristics, content mastery, teaching methods mastery, standard evaluation, and obeying educational laws components. Conclusion: Teaching professional ethics and its components in teachers of Qom University of Medical Sciences from the viewpoint of students is evaluated relatively favorable.


Nutrition research plays a key role in the health and well-being of a country's citizenry. From fortifying commonly consumed foods with essential vitamins and minerals to providing the scientific underpinnings for Federal food regulations, human nutrition and health research has garnered many successes for the U.S. public health community. In its early days, nutrition research established linkages between dietary deficiencies and afflictions and identified the structures of vitamins, thus allowing vitamins to be synthesized on an PRINT PDF EMAIL


Low-loss reverse-conducting normally- OFF double-channel AlGaN/GaN power transistor with the built-in Schottky barrier diode (SBD) has been systematically studied. This device features the MOS-gate section and SBD-anode section paralleled to an interdigital layout along the gate width direction. A common access region that conducts current at both forward and reverse ON-states is employed, which is beneficial to reduce the conduction loss. With a MOS-HEMT/SBD finger width of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${4}~\mu \text{m}/2~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and a total width ratio of 2:1, the device exhibits a threshold voltage of +0.8 V at a drain current of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${10}~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/mm and a low forward ON-resistance of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$12.1~\Omega \cdot \text {mm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The Schottky metal contacts 2-DEG directly, which results in a low reverse turn-on voltage of −0.6 V (at −1 mA/mm) and low reverse ON-state voltage of −1.7 V (at −50 mA/mm). A leakage suppression MOS field plate (FP) is applied to shield the Schottky contact from the strong electric field, leading to a low OFF-state leakage current of 14 nA/mm at +100-V drain bias and a high breakdown voltage (BV) of +698 V. The finger width and the number of fingers should be optimized. A narrow finger width benefits the current sharing at the access region, while the increasing number of fingers introduces more Schottky depletion regions along the gate width direction that degrade <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


number of failures ofrelease).Presynaptic currents were recorded either from nerve ter-minals by use of heat-polished microelectrodes (2-5MQresistance) filled with standard Ringer solution or from theperineural space of fine superficial motor nerve bundles with2MNaCl-filled microelectrodes (10-15MQresistance) as pre-viously described (Gundersen


In an increasingly competitive environment the manufacturing industry faces many challenges, like global competition and ever more demanding customers. This leads companies to be proactive in managing and to take advantage of corporate data if they want to keep up or stay ahead of the competition. That's where Business Intelligence can improve company's competitive edge. In this paper we show the suitability of an open source business intelligence tool to manufacturing industry.


This paper presents results from an analysis of thermal behavior for alternative slot liner insulation and varnish impregnation materials used in the construction of electrical machines. These materials are typically characterized by the individual material properties altered to suit a particular application. However, the manufacturer provided material data are usually inadequate when comparing the complete insulation systems. This research is focused on the conductive heat transfer from the winding body into the machine periphery in context of the complete insulation system. An experimental approach using the stator-winding segment subassembly has been adopted here, for the representative in situ heat transfer measurements. The effects of impregnation "goodness," in volume manufacture repeatability, and individual versus in situ material physical properties on the stator-winding thermal behavior are discussed in detail. The results suggest that the use of a particular slot liner insulation and varnish impregnation has a prominent impact on the winding heat transfer, as well as appropriate manufacture and assembly processes used. The experimental work has been supplemented with theoretical analysis to provide a more comprehensive insight into the winding heat transfer phenomena; in particular the winding-to-slot contact thermal resistance.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the main implications for innovation and competitiveness of social computing trends that promote swift social and economic relations. They are increasingly being considered by policymakers, both as tool and object for policymaking (i.e. how social computing could play a role in information society policies). Therefore, a general issue for the paper is represented by the lessons to be learned in terms of policy‐related consequences for Europe.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on an extensive desk‐based survey of secondary data available from reports, studies and most recent statistics, from internet audience measurement companies, international research companies, research projects of non‐profit centers, international firms or the industry itself.Findings – The diffusion and usage of social computing applications have been growing at an exponential rate. A powerful feature emerges, i.e. the new user as supplier, co‐producer or innovator of the...


This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of profitability, transfer pricing, and foreign ownership on tax avoidance. This research is quantitative. The data source is in the form of secondary data obtained from the Financial Statements for 2016-2020. The population consisted of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) using purposive sampling as the sampling technique and 10 companies were obtained as samples. Analysis of the research data is in the form of multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that transfer pricing has a significant effect on tax avoidance, while profitability and foreign ownership have no significant effect on tax avoidance.Keywords: Profitability; Transfer Pricing; Foreign Ownership; Tax Avoidance


Results are presented for a series of laboratory experiments designed to investigate the nucleation of small silicate grains from a vapor of astrophysically significant elements and compounds. In the experiments, magnesium silicate grains were condensed by simultaneously evaporating Mg and SiO solids into an atmosphere of argon or hydrogen at a pressure of a few torr. The results show that at low temperatures (up to a few hundred degrees C) the condensates are amorphous grains and have widely varying stoichiometries. The thermodynamically most stable compounds (Mg2SiO4, MgSiO3, SiO2) do not form readily, but all initial condensates can be converted to crystalline forsterite (Mg2SiO4) by heating to 1000 C in vacuum. At higher temperatures (above 700 K) it becomes more difficult to nucleate any silicates, and those that do form are amorphous, indicating that surface energies and kinetic effects are very important in determining under what conditions condensation will occur. The IR spectra of the experimentally produced magnesium silicates are found to have a strong resemblance to those observed in many astronomical clouds.


Abstract In this work we derive the accessory problem for a general nonlinear discrete optimal control problem. We obtain necessary conditions for optimality—nonnegativity of the second variation. As the second variation is a discrete quadratic functional, we proceed by deriving necessary conditions for the nonnegativity of such functionals. A certain controllability (or normality) assumption is required.


Abstract. The article discusses the first results of geomorphological and paleolimnological study of Lake Chukhlomskoe (Kostroma region). We analyzed the topography of the lake bottom using new bathymetric data from 2021 fieldwork. The structure of the lake basin slopes was studied using hand drilling. Analytical characteristics of the bottom sediments core (grain size distribution, loss on ignition, magnetic susceptibility, AMS-dating and palynological data) are presented. The distribution of organic matter, carbonates and particle size by depth allow us to correlate the bottom sediments of Lake Chukhlomskoe with the sediments of other well-studied large lakes (Belaya Struga, Galichskoe and Seliger).


A unique three-dimensional (3D) nanostructured gellan gum (GG) is fabricated by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles (GG + TiO2NPs) scaffold by freeze-drying. The fabricated GG + TiO2NPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study their physiochemical properties. FTIR was used to investigate the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds. The crystal structure was determined by bulk analysis using XRD and SEM for microstructure observation of scaffold surfaces. The performance of synthesized GG + TiO2NPs scaffold 3D nanostructured materials was evaluated as a photocatalyst for methyl orange (MO) degradation and for biomedical applications. The results showed that the scaffold possessed good photocatalytic activity for removal of methyl orange with 88.24% degradation after 3 h of UV irradiation. The scaffold also induces the cell growth, thus offering a good candidate for biomedical applications.


The utilization of solar energy to generate electricity, cooling, and freshwater in remote areas in a sustainable way still poses lots of challenges to researchers. The aim of the current study is to design a new solar‐operated trigeneration system to produce electricity, cooling, and fresh water using parabolic trough collectors in remote areas. Electric power is generated by using Organic Rankine Cycle, and cooling and fresh water (using freezing desalination technique) are obtained by two‐stage NH3–H2O vapor absorption system run by solar energy. Simulation results show that for PTC arrays of 200 m2, an electrical output obtained is 3.3 kW, cooling rate is 20.4 kW, and mass flow rate of freshwater produced is 36 kg/h for an average solar irradiation of 0.7 kW/m2. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is conducted by varying the parameter like solar irradiation, evaporator temperature, seawater inlet temperature, etc. and their effect on performance characteristics of the overall setup is investigated.


A restructuring study was developed for the company 'Soluciones logicas Yayan Gaia' which initially applied a diagnostic study, identifying the current state of the company and the different factors that affect it; An analysis was made out with the tool proposed by the Chamber of Commerce, identifying key elements for the proper development of the organization; following this with a market study, which indicated relevant components for the marketing of the service, started with a study of the sector's analysis, identified barriers to entry, segment the market, identified customers in the Bogota City.


By adding an acid dissolving matarial LCD to the positive electric colloidal drilling fluid, MMH, an instrument of high temperature and high pressure dynamic filtration is utilized to evaluate a dynamic simulation damage to the reservoir both on an artificially fractured core and a nonfractured core induced by MMH By means of a permeability gradient meter, the degree and depth of core damaged are determined It is found from comparison and analysis that, before adding LCD to the fluid, a bigger damage would be resulted from the fluid with a good filtration and rheology An effective plugging is formed at the core fracture after adding LCD and solid invading depth is reduced, with good rheology and filtration maintained An acid dissolving experiment conducted on a filter cake of the fluid containing LCD shows that the filter cake is completely dissolved in 15% hydrochloric acid


The utilization of agricultural water reflects the regional economies, agricultural conditions, the water resources environment and the management level to a great extent. The water resources in North China, the important grain production base, are characterized by less water quota per person per hectare, high utilization rate and efficiency of water resources, and many serious water related environmental problems. This paper reviewed the agricultural water situations of the North China plain (five provinces/cities) from 1949, the beginning of the P.R.China, under climate change and high intensive water development and utilization activities. Taking the year 1980 and 2000 as the time nodes, the agricultural water supply in the study region can be divided into three development periods as the following: 1) Extensive surface water-based flooding irrigation stage. During this period, agricultural water supply dominated by surface water and increased persistently. 2) Ground water withdrawal stage. During this period, groundwater withdrawal increased and the total agricultural due to soil salinization and less available surface water, and the proportion of groundwater supply of agricultural water consumption decreased because of urbanization and industrialization. Relatively the water supply environment was fine. 3) Water-saving irrigation and demand control stage. The agricultural water supply was constrained due to serious water shortage as economy developing. High efficiency agricultural water use was gradually enhanced. Analyzing the situation of agricultural water supply in North China, it showed that: the groundwater supply will be strictly limited to prevent excessive extraction; upstream water use make local surface water scare for supply; more further, it is impossible to increase agricultural water supply through "south-north water diversion" project. Thus, in the future, agriculture water supply will be further tightened. According to the results above, the policy recommendations are put forward as the following: firstly, adjust crop structure, and compress the area of winter wheat; secondly, make full use of precipitation and soil water, and develop an integrated agricultural measures on water-saving; thirdly, develop well irrigation in rich shallow groundwater resources region such as Shandong and Henan province; fourthly, take use of brackish ground water and waste water to increase irrigation water supply; fifthly, implement micro-irrigation technique such as sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation in urban and the areas with good economic conditions.


39Background: Pelvic radiation and myelosuppressive chemotherapy can lead to lymphopenia during the course of preoperative chemoradiation when treating rectal cancer. Lymphopenia during chemoradiat...