Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the important staple food crops for more than half of the world population, specially for south-eastern Asia, where 90 per cent of the world rice is grown and consumed. Globally, rice is cultivated in an area of 161.4 million hectares with the production of 506.3 million tonnes and productivity of 3.14 tonnes hectare -1 . In India, the area under rice cultivation is 44.11 million hectare and production of 105.48 million tonnes with the productivity of 2391 kg hectare -1 and Karnataka accounts for an area of 13.26 lakh hectare, production of 35.41 lakh tonnes and productivity of 2.67 tonnes hectare -1 (Anon., 2016). Phosphorus is one of the most important major nutrients required for the growth and development of International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 1 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Provides an introduction to the field of nephrology for the non-nephrologist. It is concise and clinical, avoiding extensive discussion of topics that are of little or no practical value to physicians. Revised and updated to reflect developments since the second edition in 1978.


In this article, we consider the problem of detecting multiple targets in MIMO radar. MIMO ambiguity functions generally present strong range/angle coupling or high sidelobe levels so that weak targets will often be buried in the sidelobes of stronger targets. We propose to solve this problem by iteratively building an approximation of the multitarget matched filter through an Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) procedure that permits to clean the received signal from the strong target sidelobes and thus to detect the low-SNR targets. However, whereas classic OMP exploits a finite discretization of the target parameter space, this procedure must be adapted here to deal with real radar targets that can be located anywhere in the range/angle/doppler cell. We propose here to solve this problem by jointly estimating at each iteration the target states in the maximum likelihood sense via a gradient descent algorithm. We also show that the stopping criteria for this iterative procedure can be set to satisfy a given false alarm probability. Simulations show that the proposed method permits to solve the multitarget detection problem in the MIMO framework and retrieve low-SNR targets buried in the high sidelobes of strong targets produced by the MIMO matched filter.


Small samples of dielectric, typically obtained from flat substrates, are conveniently prepared by slicing the substrate into rods with square cross-sections. The paper investigates a method for measuring the permittivities of dielectrics in this form, and gives the appropriate analysis for such rods in a TM020 mode cavity. A reliable check is provided by using samples with circular cross-sections, for which the analysis is fully established. For the glass samples, the agreement between the two methods is good, but, with alumina, problems arise owing to the anisotropic nature of the polycrystalline samples used. It is suggested that, when comparisons are made between different microwave techniques for permittivity measurements on polycrystalline alumina, further investigations are required on the distribution of crystallographic directions within the samples used.


Objective To raise the succssful rescue rate by summing up the experience on treatment of acute left heart failure caused by complete left bundle branch block with fast auricular fibrillation. Methods Nine cases(sixteen times) of acute left heart failure caused by complete left bundle branch block with fast auricular fibrillation were reriewed and analysed the treatment and related aspects.Results Among nine cases (16 times),the cases were rescued 14 times successfully.The successful rate reached 87.0%,but relapse rate was high.There were five patients who died in one or two years.Conclusion It is far from enough to control the rate of auricular fibrillation by a dopting traditional treatment of using "cordial,diuresis,vasodilatation" for this group of cases. At the same time,vasodilator and small dose of undigitals should be used as early as possible for such cases before they have symptoms of pulmonary alveolar pneumonedema and cardiac genic shock.Moreover,such treatment should last more than 24~72 hours. It proves that phentolamine+dopamine and/or dobutamine have better effect,vasodilator (nitrate) is not as effective as a-receptor-phentolamine.


Digital filter is a basic settlement calculation method to speech sounds,image settlement,pattern discrimination and chart analysis.It plays a very important role in digital signal dealing with.This article states FIR digital filter's designing thought,and introduces the realization process based on Matlab by uniting an example of band passing filter's design,and then correct wave pattern is obtained will help to,promote the digital filter's application in a wider field.


OBJECTIVE To approach the clinical correlation factors and morbidity of fungal enteritis with inpatients in the respiratory ward,clinical manifestation,diagnosis treatment and prognosis.To enhance the understanding of this disease and to institute the plan of prevention and treatment.METHODS The age,underlying diseases,risk factors,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of fungal enteritis in the 5800 inpatients were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed statistically.RESULTS There were 12 cases suffered from fungal enteritis,the morbidity was 0.2%.All of fungal enteritis had several underlying diseases and risk factors,hypoimmunity,using broad-spectrum antibacterials for a long time,receiving large dosage glucocorticoid or other chemotherapy.The fungal enteritis in all of the patients with dysbacteriosis belonged to deep fungal infection,parts of these cases had poor prognosis,3 cases were dead among the 12 patients,the mortality was 16.6%.CONCLUSION The comprehensive measures should be adopted in prevention and treatment of fungal enteritis,which include the rational application of antibiotics and adrenocortical steroid,the prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis,shortening the time of stay in hospital,early diagnosis and treatment,rational using antifungals and others.


It is a microelectromechanical switch or a manufacturing method of a tunneling sensor. Cantilevered beam structure, and the combination part is defined on a first substrate or wafer, at least one of the contact portions and combinations portion is defined on the second substrate or wafer, said second substrate or the combination of the wafer have a complementary shape to the combination of the first substrate or wafer-shaped. At least one combination unit comprises a projection extending from at least one of a wide range of the surface of the substrate. It is desirable bonding layer is a eutectic bonding layer is provided on at least one combination unit. Combination unit on the first substrate are transferred to the facing structure and the combination of the second substrate or wafer. Pressure is applied between the two substrates, bonding occurs between the two combined portions of the bonding layer or eutectic layer. Then, the cantilever beam where the first substrate or wafer to the action associated with a second substrate or wafer is removed is free. .FIELD 1A


The relativity of poverty determines a certain degree of specificity in case of each country where the phenomenon is considerably spread over the population. In transitional countries poverty is determined to a large extent by the structural changes undertaken for adopting market rules in the economy. Any attempt to reform the social protection field should start by addressing four basic questions: Who are the poor? Why the poor are poor? What is the dynamic of poverty? How to take the poor out of poverty? The monitoring process of policies aimed to reduce and eliminate poverty should be based on two groups of indicators: one evaluating the status of poverty over the implementation period (poverty monitoring), the second assessing the "goods" and the "bads" of the implemented measures (policy monitoring).


This article estimates the inter-provincial energy efficiency value of China according to the panel data from 2000 to 2011 by adopting the CRS-DEA model, and analyzes the difference features of the inter-provincial energy efficiency of China through the coefficient of variation (CV) and the gini coefficient (GINI). Then, it finds that the space difference and the local dependence of the inter-provincial energy efficiency of China exist at the same time through the analysis on the time and space distribution evolution of the inter-provincial energy efficiency variation of China. At last, this article adopts the Tobit model to analyze the relationship between the market environment, structure adjustment, technical progress and other factors and the inter-provincial energy efficiency of China, and then establishes the metering model of influencing factors of the interprovincial energy efficiency of China and utilizes the panel data to conduct the quantitative inspection and analysis.


The grinding ball is manufactured by the Algerian Foundries (ALFET – Tiaret). It is used by the cement industry to transform the rock into fine, used in the cement manufacture. This product undergoes very frequent wear. This wear occurs in various forms (abrasion wear and impact wear) and each has a varying impact on this product life. Abrasion wear is the result of friction between many surfaces (rock, crusher shielding and balls between them), between which a sliding contact occurs, and causes a metal wrenching and a mechanical disintegration of these surfaces. The impact wear is the result of the shock between these surfaces (rock, crusher shielding and balls) and the ball that hits these surfaces from multiple angles, causes their disintegration. Generally, wear resistance improves when hardness increases and a very hard material is more resistant to wear because it less risk to seize in presence of particles abrasive and it opposes their penetration in its surface layer. Wear is estimated, in this work, by the mass loss of the heat-treated balls. A correlation between the hardness and abrasive wear of the balls is established in this work.


The recruitment, retention and graduation of more Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander teachers is a key focus of the national and federally funded More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Teachers Initiative (MATSITI, 2012). Currently, the enrolment and program completion of Indigenous initial teacher education students across all education programs at the University of Queensland, and indeed across Australia, is well below the national average. The aims of this seed project were to develop and evaluate the use and effectiveness of a mentoring program as a positive intervention for building and sustaining Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander initial teacher education students' participation in tertiary education programs, their self-efficacy as teachers, their professional identity as teachers and their readiness to teach. The project builds upon existing work in the field by exploring the experience and effectiveness of cross-cultural mentoring programs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander initial teacher education students.


Since its abandonment 185 years ago, the XII century Santa Maria de Bonaval Monastery located in Guadalajara (Spain) has suffered significant deterioration: first the roof was lost, followed by partial collapse of the walls, moisture infiltration and extensive loss of stone surfaces due to salt weathering. This case study is a clear example of the incompatibility of some building materials: in this case, the combination of sulphate-bearing mortars and magnesium-rich stone and mortars leading to extensive weathering by magnesium sulphate crystallization. Samples of plaster, bedding and core mortars, stone fragments and flakes, salt crust and powders were collected, as well stone samples from the historic quarries located close to the Monastery. Characterization by XRD (X-ray diffraction), ESEM-EDS (environmental scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) shows that the most important stone-type used in the structure, dolostone, is mainly affected by magnesium sulphate salts (epsomite, MgSO4 · 7H2O), although other salts as kalicinite (KHCO3) and mercallite (KHSO4) were also detected. The connected porosity and pore size distribution determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry and capillarity behaviour suggest that the core mortar could easily be dissolved and the stone, plaster and bedding mortars are able to transport infiltrating solutions, giving rise to the precipitation of magnesium sulphate in the mortar joints and over the surface of the stone. Due to their chemical incompatibility, the combination of sulphate and magnesium-bearing mortars and stone with high magnesium content appears to be problematic and should be avoided in future restoration work.


Controls on seed dormancy Herbivores and an inopportune cold snap can destroy fragile plant seedlings. Plants control the dormancy of their seeds in anticipation of more favorable growth conditions. Chen and Penfield analyzed the molecular controls on seed dormancy in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Two genes and an antisense RNA, known from the process of vernalization, integrate ambient temperature to control seed dormancy via their opposing configurations. Science, this issue p. 1014 Two genes and an antisense RNA interpret seasonal temperature information to control plant seed dormancy in Arabidopsis. Plants integrate seasonal signals, including temperature and day length, to optimize the timing of developmental transitions. Seasonal sensing requires the activity of two proteins, FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), that control certain developmental transitions in plants. During reproductive development, the mother plant uses FLC and FT to modulate progeny seed dormancy in response to temperature. We found that for regulation of seed dormancy, FLC and FT function in opposite configuration to how those same genes control time to flowering. For seed dormancy, FT regulates seed dormancy through FLC gene expression and regulates chromatin state by activating antisense FLC transcription. Thus, in Arabidopsis the same genes controlled in opposite format regulate flowering time and seed dormancy in response to the temperature changes that characterize seasons.


The development of business analysis as a professional discipline has extended the role and responsibilities of the business analyst (BA). Increasingly, BAs are engaged at an early point. They investigate ideas and problems, formulate options for a way forward and produce business cases setting out their conclusions and recommendations. As a result, the responsibility for advising organisations on effective courses of action lies with BAs, and their work precedes that of the project manager. The early engagement of BAs also places a critical responsibility upon them – the need to ensure that all business changes are in line with the mission, objectives and strategy of the organisation. This business context is the key foundation for understanding and evaluating all ideas, proposals, issues and problems put forward by managers. While few BAs are involved in analyzing and developing strategy, it is vital that they know about the strategy of their organisation so that they can conduct their work with a view to supporting the implementation of the strategy and the achievement of the business objectives. This research paper gives fundamental modeling of Business Analytics with its scope in management science and organization.


The Global Dialogue on Sustainability, Climate Change and Economic Growth was held in Sao Paulo in October 2011. It was co-organised by the Brazilian Centre for Analysis and Planning (CEBRAP) and the Institute of Development Studies (IDS). The idea was to bring together practitioners and thinkers to explore through dialogue the key issues relating to sustainability, climate change and economic growth both now and over the next 20 or 30 years. It was a diverse and broad-based gathering that not only included entrepreneurs, directors of philanthropic organisations and researchers but also made a particular effort to include spokespeople from marginalised communities – indigenous and riverine smallholder representatives from the Amazon and Atlantic rainforest regions and a pastoralist representative from Ethiopia – who have often been excluded from conventional debates about sustainability, climate change and economic growth. These conventional debates focus on the biological and scientific aspects of environmental resilience, climate change and conservation, and often overlook indigenous people whose knowledge is key to meeting these challenges but whose livelihoods and wellbeing are threatened by unrestrained economic growth and technological expansion.


Directional antennas improve network performance by increasing the communication range and alleviating contention as proven, e.g., in cellular and ad-hoc networks. In principle, one may reap similar benefits in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where energy concerns and reliability requirements make this antenna technology even more desirable. However, it is unclear how the shortcomings of directional antennas, e.g., increased likelihood of hidden terminals, affect WSNs. We quantitatively study these aspects for convergecast, a staple network functionality popular in WSN applications, e.g., for data collection. The integration of directional communication in convergecast protocols is non-trivial: probing wireless links between neighboring nodes is no longer feasible with single broadcast transmissions, as the antenna configuration depends on the target neighbor. This bears a great impact on the efficiency in building and maintaining the routing topology. We perform our study in simulation, based on an empirical model of an existing antenna prototype. This allows us to explore the parameter space efficiently yet realistically, a goal otherwise impossible without several antenna prototypes that, unlike WSN motes, are not readily available. Our results point to a negative answer, directional antennas, when used for WSN convergecast, provide limited benefits, appreciable only when certain specific conditions are met.


Biochemical profile is, along with water quality, an indicator for fish welfare
assessment, revealing their level of stress. For establishing blood biochemical profile there were taken
blood samples from female and male sturgeons by caudal vein puncture with ventral point of election.
Determinations were made with 8008 Vettest device and interpretation of results was done according
to reference values in the literature. The obtained results (increased alanin aminotransferase - ALT and
alkaline phosphatase, decreased glucose and magnesium), shows that sturgeon welfare in the farm is
medium.


The article examines time deficiency syndrome experienced by managers in their professional activity. Interrelations are revealed between lack of time and emotional response to it, as well as skills and attitude to time management.


The demand for the concrete products is seasonal and huge stock is built in winter for dispatch in summer. Stockyards in the precast concrete products industry are experiencing space congestion, and long vehicle waiting times for both the storage and retrieval of concrete products due to lack of a proper methodology to manage stockyard layouts and their operations. The paper describes an ongoing research that addresses the stockyard layout management problem through the development of an integrated simulation and visualisation model. The paper focuses on the development of the visualisation and simulation element of the stockyard management system "SimStock". The simulation model integrates production and forecast schedules, evaluates "what-if" scenarios with different layouts, products allocation to storage locations and order picking policies. The output of the simulation model is recorded in a database. The visualisation model was developed through integrating AutoCAD2000 with the database of the simulation model such that the simulated layouts can be studied in greater details and validated in a simpler manner. The visualisation module is used to assist managers in designing stock layouts and visualise the simulation process in 2D (and 3D) perspectives, and manage real time implementation of proposed stockyard solutions.


We analyze the introduction of DSP in optical access. We review the specific requirements of PON and compare performance and feasibility of solutions with and without DSP for cost-effectively increasing the bit-rate in PON.


Abstract Experimental studies were performed to develop and evaluate emission factors for a gas turbine in an Iranian oil and gas processing plant. The average emission factors were estimated to be 0.389, 0.25, 0.011, 0.241, and 0.028 lb pollutant/MMBtu (pound per million British thermal units) for CO, NO2, SO2, THC, and H2S, respectively. The uncertainty analysis showed that the emission factors had different uncertainties with the highest value for SO2 being 100%, the lowest for NO2 being 10.4%, and between 21–25% for all others. In addition, the results showed that there is less influence of operating practices and the fuel gas composition on average NO2 emissions, while these factors can significantly affect CO and THC emissions. In general, there was good agreement between the measured emission factor and the EPA published value for NO2. However, the differences were high for emission factors of other pollutants, confirming that the uncertainty of published emission factors must be considered to avoid risks of underestimating emissions from combustion devices.


Structure factor S(Q) and its Fourier transform pair correlation function g(r) have been calculated for the stabilized spheroid bovine serum albumin BSA protein molecules and spherocylindrical biomacroions of tobacco mosaic virus TMV and fd viruses suspended into water using SogamiIse SI potential by reducing the spherocylindricity into spherical macroions of volume equal to the volume of spherocylindrical biomacroions. The nature of the first peaks in S(Q)-Q and g(r)-r curves corroborates presence of liquid crystals in the aqueous suspension of BSA macroions and fd biomacroions. The results obtained compare well with that obtained using screened coulomb repulsive Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek DLVO potential and the experimental results. Liquid crystals of the body centered cubic BCC type with coordination number nearly eight have been found amongst the present system of study of aqueous suspension of spheroid BSA macroions and spherocylindrical fd biomacroions.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute ischemic stroke may trigger an inflammatory response that leads to increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). High levels of CRP may be associated with poor outcome because they reflect either an inflammatory reaction or tissue damage. We related plasma CRP levels to first ever ischemic stroke and its role as a diagnostic aid. METHODS: Sixty patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria with first ever acute ischemic stroke were included in study. CT scan of brain was done after 24 hours of onset of symptoms to confirm the diagnosis. Plasma CRP level was determined after 12 hours and before 72 hours of onset of symptoms in all CT confirmed ischemic stroke patients. This clinical study was done from January 2008 to June 2009. CRP was randomly measured in 60 age and sex matched individuals admitted in other wards of the hospital matched in all possible criteria expect the disease under study as a control group. RESULTS: The CRP concentration in ischemic strokes was independent of infarction site, the value was more between 51-70 years of age group and almost equal in both genders. 54 of the 60 ischemic strokes studied had CRP value >6 mg/l and only 6 patients had 6 mg/l, which is insignificant. CONCLUSION: The CRP level is significantly higher in ischemic strokes and by its elevation between 12-72 hours of symptom onset is a bad prognostic indicator. The risk of poor outcome or death at 3 months increased with higher levels of CRP. Elevated CRP values is a risk factor in association with other risk factors like diabetes/hypertension.


Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPS) is one of the main anticancer constituents of G. lucidum. Until now, however, the structure-activity correlation and anticancer mechanisms of GLPS are still not well understood. Studies show that GLPS with β-(1→3)-D-glucan structure have anticancer actions. Generally, G. lucidum β-glucans containing higher branching ratio have higher activity, and high molecular weight glucans appear to be more effective than those with low molecular weight. Exceptionally, some polysaccharides with other structures and low molecular weights also have the immunomodulatory and anticancer effects. The role of these active polysaccharides can not be neglected. Studies on immune receptors for GLPS implied that both membrane Ig and TLR4 are required for GLPS-mediated B cell activation, and TLR4 is also involved in GLPS-mediated macrophage activation. Immunity-mediated mechanism is one of the most important contributions to the anticancer action of GLPS, while other possible mechanisms include activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and the inhibition of angiogenesis, etc.


400°-600°C were investigated by Conrad's method. The higher yield strength was obtained by this ausforming, but the ductility dropped slightly. The yield strength of the ausformed specimens increased almost linearly with the degree of deformation. The results of the two-step replica microscopy indicated that relatively large carbides were located preferentially at the martensite boundaries in the conventionally heat-treated specimens, but in the ausformed steel smaller carbides precipitated in a much more uniform and random morphology. Therefore, the mean-free path of carbide was smaller in the ausformed steel than in the conventionally processed specimen. It has been shown by the structural analysis that the major increase of yield strength by ausforming is attributable to the increase of dislocation density and the contribution of carbide dispersion is relatively small. (Received June 1, 1975)


The VQBD project addresses the following problem: What is the best way to explore an XML document of unknown structure and content? We focus on XML documents that are too large to browse in their entirety, even with the assistance of pretty-printing software (e.g., multi-megabyte or larger XML documents). In this context, we use the term data exploration to refer to the process by which a user gathers the information needed to use the data for a speci c purpose (e.g., generating a report, writing queries, building user interfaces, writing applications). In a relational or object database, the schema (e.g., table de nitions, class de nitions, integrity constraints, and stored procedures) provides some of the information necessary for writing queries and applications. However, the schema is rarely su cient for these tasks. Typically, one must probe and browse the database to discover data coverage, typical and exceptional values, and other information required to gain a better understanding of the database. In an XML environment, the need for such data exploration is much greater because it is quite likely that the XML data of interest is not accompanied by a schema. Indeed, much XML data is semistructured, meaning its structure is irregular, incomplete, and frequently changing. The rapid adoption of XML as a data exchange standard makes this semistructured data exploration problem increasingly important. The VQBD system allows the structured exploration of arbitrary XML data. Although it focuses on XML data, an ancillary bene t is that VQBD is also a convenient tool for exploring relational or object databases (using trivial a mapping of relations and classes to XML elements). It's key features are summarized below:


Treaties — Interpretation of — Miscellaneous — Meaning of Words "patent misconstruction of the Treaty". International Courts — Judgments of — Court of the European Coal and Steel Community — Grounds of Judgment — Whether Limited to Contentions of the Parties. International Organization — Powers of International Authorities — "Détournement de pouvoir" — High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community — Fixing of Maximum Prices by the High Authority — Effect of Existence of Monopoly — Meaning of Words "patent misconstruction of the Treaty".


In this paper, we design a new approach which combines the Gabor filter with the principle of selective search algorithm applied in Fast RCNN to extract and enhance the texture of the satellite image, to solve the problems of low detection precision, high probability of missed detection and error detection of ships in satellite images. Experiments show that the texture enhancement method based on Gabor filter fits the principle of selective search algorithm, which increases the number of positive samples in region proposal. The mAP of ship detection in satellite images reached 75.21%. And the detection accuracy of moving ships increased by 10%.


Purpose This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study evaluated safety and efficacy of A(1‐7) for reduction in Grade 3‐4 thrombocytopenia in patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Pharmacodynamic activity of A(1‐7) in platelet production and retention of scheduled dose intensity were also determined. Methods Thirty-four patients with ovarian, Fallopian tube, or peritoneal carcinoma receiving gemcitabine and carboplatin or cisplatin were evaluated. Patients were randomized to receive study drug subcutaneously at 100 mcg/kg (n = 11), 300 mcg/kg (n = 13), or placebo (n = 10) following chemotherapy for up to six cycles. Hematologic variables were obtained throughout each treatment cycle. Results There were no drug-related safety issues. There were no instances of Grade 4 thrombocytopenia in patients who received 100 mcg/kg treatment compared to 6 % of chemotherapy cycles for patients receiving placebo (p = 0.07). The maximal percentage increase in platelet concentration from baseline was higher for patients who received 100 mcg/kg A(1‐7) compared to placebo (p = 0.02). This increase was accompanied by a reduction in the nadir absolute neutrophil count (p = 0.04). Relative dose intensity for the combination chemotherapy was higher for patients who received 100 mcg/kg A(1‐7) compared to placebo (p = 0.04). There were no differences in outcomes for patients receiving 300 mcg/kg dose compared to placebo. Conclusions A 100 mcg/kg dose of A(1‐7) was shown to produce pharmacodynamic effects on peripheral blood platelet counts, preserve planned dose intensity, and reduce Grade 3‐4 thrombocytopenia following gemcitabine and platinum chemotherapy. These findings are consistent with A(1‐7)-induced stimulation of thrombogenesis in the bone marrow following marrow-toxic chemotherapy.


We present an approach for human body parts tracking in 3D with prelearned motion models using multiple cameras. Gaussian process annealing particle filter is proposed for tracking in order to reduce the dimensionality of the problem and to increase the tracker's stability and robustness. Comparing with a regular annealed particle filter-based tracker, we show that our algorithm can track better for low frame rate videos. We also show that our algorithm is capable of recovering after a temporal target loss.


In this paper I will construct a non-separable hereditarily Lindelof space (L space) without any additional axiomatic assumptions. I will also show that there is a function f from [omega_1]^2 to omega_1 such that if A,B, subsets of omega_1, are uncountable and x omega_1, then there are a < b in A and B respectively with f(a,b) = x. Previously it was unknown whether such a function existed even if omega_1 was replaced by 2. Finally, I will prove that there is no basis for the uncountable regular Hausdorff spaces of cardinality aleph_1. Each of these results gives a strong refutation of a well known and longstanding conjecture. The results all stem from the analysis of oscillations of coherent sequences {e_i : i < omega_1} of finite-to-one functions. I expect that the methods presented will have other applications as well.


The terminus of Bunde Glacier (name used here for the first time), situated at 80 25 N, 93 45 W on northwestern Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, was observed and photographed in 1955 and 1983. Comparison of the photos indicates that there has been no appreciable advance or retreat during the 28-year span, as the terminal moraine appears to have remained practically unchanged. The possibility exists that Bunde Glacier retreated or advanced after 1955 but re-advanced or retreated to occupy its 1955 position by 1983. This situation marks a departure from the observation that glaciers in most parts of the world are in retreat. Key words: alpine glacier, Axel Heiberg Island, terminal moraine, advance, retreat, climate


GEORGE E. SIMMONS Tulane University The extent of independence cannot be judged merely by expressed partypreferences. However, Lippmann reaches large cross-sections of party and nonparty papers. In view of the nature of his column, that spread of circulation among papers with such diverse political hues seems remarkable. The point should be emphasized, not minimized or erroneously stated. Only a few columnists have attained larger followings than Lippmann's and they have done so by deliberately popularizing their appeals. More emphasis on the reasons for that success would have made this study more valuable for students of journalism. some tricks: Harold L. Ickes' introduction refers to Henry Waterman in the same breath with Greeley and Pulitzer; presumably he meant Henry Watterson, whose discourse on personal journalism still is one of the best. Ickes also bemoans the New York World's falling "into the clutches of Roy O. Howard." The latter must be a fairy godfather who thus saves Roy W. Howard from a belting. In better humor the pixie chronicles (p. 91) "achievement by the Russians of anatomic (sic, one word) explosion...."


In the past two decades, striking examples of allegedly infe- rior likelihood ratio tests (LRT) have appeared in the statistical litera- ture. These examples, which arise in multiparameter hypothesis testing problems, have several common features. In each case the null hypothe- sis is composite, the size a LRT is not similar and hence biased, and competing size a tests can be constructed that are less biased, or even unbiased, and that dominate the LRT in the sense of being everywhere more powerful. It is therefore asserted that in these examples and, by implication, many other testing problems, the LR criterion produces "inferior," "deficient," "undesirable," or "flawed" statistical procedures. This message, which appears to be proliferating, is wrong. In each example it is the allegedly superior test that is flawed, not the LRT. At worst, the "superior" tests provide unwarranted and inappropriate in- ferences and have been deemed scientifically unacceptable by applied statisticians. This reinforces the well-documented but oft-neglected fact that the Neyman-Pearson theory desideratum of a more (or most) powerful size a test may be scientifically inappropriate; the same is true for the criteria of unbiasedness and a-admissibility. Although the LR criterion is not infallible, we believe that it remains a generally reasonable first option for non-Bayesian parametric hypothesis-testing problems.


As is the case in any new endeavor, definition of terminology becomes one of the critical points for discussion during early phases of development. The committee itself had its share of discussions concerned with definitions. Significantly, one included the scope of activities assigned to the committee. Accreditation has been used for many years to connote acceptance of college programs by various accrediting agencies. Since the type of training associated with water utilities is vast, there appeared to be a necessity for distinguishing between certain types of programs that would qualify under existing accreditation jurisdictions and those that would be, in essence, handled from within by AWWA. The following recommendation was made to the council.


Marketing is a tool for expansion and fight for company to achieve a position on the market, which is judged by generally accepted standards such as: sales volume, market share and profit levels. Marketing orientation of life insurance companies as a source of income shows customer needs and preferences, so that targeted offers and marketed insurance services meet the needs and preferences better than those of the competition. The company's marketing orientation is the need to adapt constantly to changing market conditions. The article presents scope of the implementation of the marketing orientation by life insurance companies based on of the survey. The aim of the study was to determine: primary purpose of the operations of life insurance companies, a strategy of action to customers, way to identify customer needs and make employees aware of the way that the company implements marketing orientation activities.


We studied the relations between genetic heterogeneity of pre‐C region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and outcome of HBV infection in 5 infants with perinatal infection, 3 born to antihepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and 2 to HBeAg positive mothers. HBV infection developed in the babies at 3–4 months of age, but it resolved with seroconversion to anti‐HBs in infants born to anti‐HBe positive mothers, while the infection became chronic in the 2 babies born to HBeAg positive mothers. HBV‐DNA extracted from the first hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive serum sample of each baby was amplified and directly sequenced for the pre‐core region. HBV‐DNA sequences from 3 babies born to anti‐HBe positive mothers showed at position 1896 the contemporary presence of 2 nucleotides (G + A), indicating a mixture of wild‐type and "e minus"variant HBV. These findings suggest a possible co‐transmission of the 2 viruses from anti‐HBe positive mothers to newborns. HBV‐DNA from babies born to HBeAg positive mothers showed wild‐type sequences only. The results of this study suggest that the outcome of HBV infection in newborns depends not only on the host's immunocompetence and on viremia level in maternal blood, but also on heterogeneity of HBV. Transmission of mixed HBV populations appears associated with an early immunoelimination of the virus, while infection with wild‐type HBV alone contributes to induction of chronicity. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


A novel design for a low conduction loss carrier stored trench-gate bipolar transistor (CSTBT) with hole path and temperature sensing is proposed. Dummy gate is surrounded by a deep p-well and an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{n}^{+}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sense in floating p region is connected to the source to achieve real-time temperature sensing by applying reverse p-n junction. This design also helps to mitigate the electric field at the trench bottom. Moreover, the carrier stored (CS) layer can be heavily doped to obtain a lower ON-state voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), thus improving the hole blocking capability. During the turn-off process, the p-well around the dummy trench can serve as a hole path to reduce turn-off loss (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${E} _{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle OFF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). Simulation results demonstrate that in comparison with the conventional CSTBT (Con-CSTBT), the turn-off fall time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t} _{f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${E} _{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle OFF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are lowered by 68.7% and 52.3% at the same <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1.54 V, respectively. Therefore, the proposed hole path CSTBT (HP-CSTBT) enables an effective and feasible approach toward real-time temperature sensing in power electronics. The proposed device features simple structure, low cost, and is fully compatible with the existing process. As such, it shows promising potential for practical applications.


This article, considers the problem of state feedback control of networked systems with an uncertain plant. The signals for feedback periodically switch between the plant state and the state of a model of the plant according to whether the plant state is available from the communication network or not. The model is used to generate control signals when the plant state is not available from the network. A sufficient condition for the robust exponential stability of the closed-loop system is derived in terms of the network dwell time and the system parameters. Examples are also worked out to demonstrate numerical procedures for designing state feedback controller of the system based on the obtained results. Simulations show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed methods.


Leafy vegetables from forests are capable of generating income and employment for rural populations sustainably. Investigation of wild vegetable marketing was conducted in Rivers State, Nigeria with well-structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Net profit, Rate of return on investment (RORI) and sensitivity analysis. Weekly profits and RORI were; Port Harcourt city ( N 1134.48k, 34.1%), Oyigbo ( N 2152.2k, 30.9%) and Ahoada West ( N 608.98k, 21.89%). Gnetum africana has the highest daily profit of N159.30k. Sensitivity analysis of RORI showed profits were threatened at various degrees of increasing cost; Port Harcourt (35%), Oyigbo (35%) and Ahoada West (25%). Wild vegetables marketing showed potentials of increasing household income and sustain livelihoods. Research on domestication, improved marketing and provision of cooperatives loans are recommended for sustainable marketing. Keywords: Wild leafy vegetables, profitability, RORI, sustainable rural livelihood. Note: 1USD = 160 Nigerian Naira ( N ).


The article investigates the system which condition modification occurs under the influence of two independent discontinuous Markov processes. It is supposed, that a set of system's conditions is continuous. In that case dynamics of system's conditions is described by the integro-differentiat equation of Kolmogorov Feller type. The solution method based on digitization of a set of system's conditions is offered for this equation.


In this paper, simulation technology based on FEM is applied to simulate and analyze thevibrations of computer's mainframe in the transportation environment. Firstly the author uses Pro/E to itssolid modeling, then the different analysis are carried out to get natural frequencies and modes of theelectronic product with cushioning under investigation, as well as the harmonic responses and transientresponses are obtained, through FEM analysis software-ANSYS. The method this paper has presented cansimulate the vibration characteristics of product/package system. Not only Lots of financial and materialresources will be saved and it can shorten the design period, but also the results obtained provide basis forsound product/package design of electronic product.


Results of an analysis of the BRITE-Constellation and SMEI photometry and radial-velocity observations, archival and new, of two single-lined spectroscopic binary systems a Centauri and W Lupi are reported. In the case of W Lup AB, a visual binary, an examination of the light-time effect shows that component A is the spectroscopic binary. Both a Cen and W Lup exhibit light variations with the orbital period. The variations are caused by the reflection effect, i.e. heating of the secondary's hemisphere by the early-B main sequence (MS) primary component's light. The modelling of the light curves augmented with the fundamental parameters of the primary components obtained from the literature photometric data and Hipparcos parallaxes, shows that the secondary components are pre-MS stars, in the process of contracting onto the MS. a Cen and W Lup A are thus found to be non-eclipsing counterparts of the B2 IV eclipsing binary (and a V Cephei variable) 16 (EN) Lac, the B5 IV eclipsing binary (and an SPB variable) ` Eri, and the recently discovered LMC nascent eclipsing binaries.


Abstract : The calculated stresses and displacements induced in anisotropic plates by short duration impact forces are presented in this report. The theoretical model attempts to model the response of fiber composite turbine fan blades to impact by foreign objects such as stones and hail-stones. In this model the determination of the impact force uses the Hertz impact theory. The plate response treats the laminated blade as an equivalent anisotropic material using a form of Mindlin's theory for crystal plates. The analysis makes use of a computational tool called the 'fast Fourier transform'. Results are presented in the form of stress contour plots in the plane of the plate for various times after impact. Examination of the maximum stresses due to impact versus ply layup angle reveals that the + or - 15 deg layup angle gives lower flexural stresses than 0 deg, + or - 30 deg and + or - 45 deg cases. (MM)


Command environments have rarely been able to easily accommodate rapid changes in technology and mission. Yet, command personnel, by their selection criteria, experience, and very nature, tend to be extremely adaptive and flexible, and able to learn new missions and address new challenges fairly easily. Instead, the hardware and software components of the systems do no provide the needed flexibility and scalability for command personnel. How do we solve this problem? In order to even dream of keeping pace with a rapidly changing world, we must begin to think differently about the command environment and its systems. What is the correct definition of the integrated command environment system? What types of tasks must be performed in this environment, and how might they change in the next five to twenty-five years? How should the command environment be developed, maintained, and evolved to provide needed flexibility and scalability? The issues and concepts to be considered as new Integrated Command/Control Environments (ICEs) are designed following a human-centered process. A futuristic model, the Dream Integrated Command Environment (DICE) will be described which demonstrates specific ICE innovations. The major paradigm shift required to be able to think differently about this problem is to center the DICE around the command personnel from its inception. Conference participants may not agree with every concept or idea presented, but will hopefully come away with a clear understanding that to radically improve future systems, designers must focus on the end users.


The equivalence between the Lanczos-Lovelock and teleparallel gravities is discused. It is shown that the teleparallel equivalent of the Lovelock gravity action is generated by dimensional continuation of the teleparallel equivalent of the Euler characteristics associated to all the lower even dimensions. It is also found that the teleparallel equivalent of the (i) d-dimensional Euler characteristic is a closed form and gauge invariant, (ii) Lovelock action are invariant both under the Poincare group and diffeomorphisms.


The purpose of this paper is to point out to some theoretical keys related to the techno-social rationality of the Knowledge Society. It is possible to say, in sociological terms, that our societies are changing from abstraction and split of information to a new settlement of the analogical over the digital ground. The challenge is not the study of technological influences over society, but the cultural and social forms of communication that emerge from the use of ICTs. The ideas are linked to the analysis of social complexity and informational theory, especially the quality of the environment that surrounds materiality that gives "support" to information. In other words, we are approaching the ground of symbolic structure, whose main axes are the use, circulation and experimentation with information.


A new species of Magnolia from Chiapas, Mexico is described and illustrated. A table of morphological characters contrasting species of Magnolia Sect. Magnolia in Chiapas is provided. Magnolia mayae is similar to M. grandiflora, but it differs from the latter in having longer leaves, less coriaceous and abaxially glabrous vs abaxially densely ferrugineous pubescent; smaller flowers with less than half of the stamens, and a smaller number of carpels.


Purpose: Money Follows the Person (MFP) is a federally-funded national demonstration program that helps Medicaid enrollees transition from institutionalto community-based care. In 2008, Texas initiated a Behavioral Health Pilot (BHP) project to investigate whether individuals eligible for MFP who had mental health and/or substance abuse problems could successfully live in the community if offered appropriate targeted supports. Questions addressed in this presentation are: How many BHP participants stay in the community? Are participants satisfied with BHP services? What individual or situational characteristics predict program success? Do participants show improvement on quantitative measures of functioning during their year in the program?


The mechanism by which bi-and trivalent cations affect human liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) activity was investigated. Bivalent cations up to 1 mM increased PAP activity whereas at higher concentrations the activity of the enzyme decreased. The stimulatory concentration for trivalent cations such as Al 3+ and Cr 3+ , however, was much lower being 2 mM and 1 mM, respectively. All cations affecting PAP activity were also able to induce phase transition of phosphat idate from lamellar (La) to inverted hexagonal (HII) form. The rate of La-HII transition was different for each cation . At 100 mM concentration of Mg 2+ only 26% of the original phosphatidate remained in La form and for other cations tested ranged from 14.5% to 76%. The phase transition was blocked by EDTA. Magnesium from 0.8 to 1.5 mM concentration raised PAP activity (3-fold) with La form of substrate but not with the HII phase. Monovalent cations such as Na + and K + neither affected enzyme activity nor substrate configuration. These data suggest that cation -induced PAP activation is not as a result of cation -protein interaction, but is due to formation of a suitable substrate configuration for the enzyme catalysis during phosphatidate phase transition. It appears that the real substrate configuration for PAP activity is situated between La and HII phases. Iran. Biomed. J. 4: 13-19, 2000


In the 1990s, Native Speaker* by Chang-rae Lee not only raised the awareness of the Korean-American literary world following a decade of many Korean-American novels' publication, but also offered a fresh take on the theme of self-identify search. The first attempt at incorporating a quest for self-identity into the Korean-American novel was made in the 1930s with Young-Hill Kang's work**, and subsequently, this theme had been a mainstay in the Korean-American literary world well into the 1980s. The search was however more refined through the process of internalization by Chang-rae Lee's arrival. His novel clearly exhibits its possibilities as a serious literary piece and shows the process toward achieving the American dream. It captures the author's desire in harmonizing immigrants' voice and placing them in his own narrative structure. What's more essential is however how the protagonist's linguistic inferiority complex or frustration contributes to the story's development, in which his search for self-identity takes place.


Based upon the theory of the nonlinear quadric two-person nonzero-sum differential game,the fact that the time-limited mixed H2/H∞ control problem can be turned into the problem of solving the state feedback Nash balance point is mentioned. Upon this,a theorem about the solution of the state feedback control is given,the Lyapunov stabilization of the nonlinear system under this control is proved,too. At the same time,this solution is used to design the nonlinear H2/H∞ guidance law of the relative motion between the missile and the target in three-dimensional(3D) space. By solving two coupled Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential inequalities(HJPDI),a control with more robust stabilities and more robust performances is obtained. With different H∞ performance indexes,the correlative weighting factors of the control are analytically designed. At last,simulations under different robust performance indexes and under different initial conditions and under the cases of intercepting different maneuvering targets are carried out. All results indicate that the designed law is valid.


The indication of the decreasing level of job satisfaction and work engagement on PT Evergreen Shipping Agency Indonesia is level of absenteeism, during 2014-2016 percentage of employee absenteeism below 2014 (21,56%) in 2015 (58.89%), in 2016 (67.66%), based on these data, employee absenteeism tends to increase each year. This study aims to analyze the influence of Job demands, Job Resources, Personal Resources and LMX quality on work engagement on PT Evergeen Shipping Agency Indonesia, the sample In this study of 159 employees. The data were collected by interview using questionnaires conducted during June 2017. Data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of PLS. The result of the feasibility analysis of the model indicates that in general the model proposed in this study is able to reflect the variable with the indicator. Work engagement in PT Evergreen Shipping Agency Indonesia can be explained by the variability of Job demands, Job resources, personal resources and LMX quality by 58.5% while the remaining 41.5% is explained by other variables outside studied. In PT Evergreen Shipping Agency Indonesia showed The quality of LMX, job resources, and personal resources significantly influence of work engagement, this shows that higher the value of it wil increase work engagement of employee, the job demands significant negative correlation this shows the higher job demands will decrease work engagement of employee.


Prediction of Written Output Ability in Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW; ≥800 g) Children from Age 4 to 8 1/2 Years


Article Type Analytical Review Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the components of artistic intelligence and its impact on mental health (a mixed research). The research method was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory mixed method (a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods) Materials and Methods: In the qualitative section, the statistical population included selected experts in the field of education organization of Mazandaran province with a history of management and policy-making, who were purposefully appointed to 17 people. In the quantitative part of the statistical population, including all high school students in Mazandaran province in the academic year 1398-99, the number was 124796. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, 375 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The method of collecting library information and the measurement tool in the qualitative part of the interview were semi-structured and in the quantitative part included a researchermade questionnaire, the construct validity of which, using factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha, respectively, for intelligence, respectively. Arts and mental health were calculated to be 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. Method of data analysis in the qualitative part through triple coding of grounded theory method (open coding, axial coding, and selective coding) resulting from in-depth and open interviews with experts and in a small part of the KS test for normality of variables To answer the research questions, one-group t-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis and structural equations were used using SPSS22 and Amos softwar Findings: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between artistic intelligence and its components (artistic talent, artistic attitude, artistic taste, artistic activity, artistic skills and art economics) with mental health in first grade high school male students in Mazandaran province Conclusion: Also, the results of the research confirmed the fit of the conceptual model and a comprehensive model for artistic intelligence and its effect on mental health of first grade high school students in Mazandaran province was presented. Authors Masoumeh Hassanpoor, Negin Jabbari, Kambiz Esmail Nia Shirvani


Nowadays it is assumed that an innate immunity to gluten plays a key role in the development of coeliac disease (CD).1 This innate response, mediated by interleukin (IL) 15 and elicited by "toxic peptides", like the 19-mer, through a DQ2-independent mechanism, induces epithelial stress and reprogrammes intraepithelial lymphocytes into natural killer (NK)-like cells2 leading to enterocyte apoptosis and an increase in epithelium permeability. Thus, immunodominant peptides, like the 33-mer, can reach the lamina propria to trigger adaptive immunity. However, although an innate specific response in CD has been reported,3 no differential factors between patients with and without CD have been described controlling the innate immune response. Thus, since the toxic 19-mer elicits its harmful effect through a DQ2-independent mechanism, we hypothesise that the innate response is common in patients with and without CD, whereas the adaptive response is exclusive of susceptible patients with CD.

To test the hypothesis, biopsy cultures were taken from at least three patients with CD who are on a gluten-free diet (GFD) and three patients without …


Efforts have been made to solutbilize cytochromiie components from par-tictulate fractions of etiolated miiuIng bean seedlings. Low temperature spectrophotometry reveals that the cytochrome composition of mitochondria isolated from whole seedlinlgs is the samiie as that reported by Bonner for mung bean hypocotyls. On the basis of the identity in position of the a-bands in low temperature difference spectra for mitochondria. for a partially purified haemoprotein from mitochonidria, and for purified cytochronie b-555, it is suggested that cytochrome b-555 is an intrinisic componenit of mung bean mitochonidria. Difference spectra show that both the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions contain at least 2 b-type cytochromiies. Cytochrome b-555: is almost certainly present in the microsonmes, since the low temperature differenice spectrumii for the cvto- chrome is identical with the spectrunm for this particulate fraction. By freezing and thawing mung bean mitochondria in 4 'i cholate and(i centrifuging. cytochrome oxidase activity can be concenltrated in the superatant fraction, although it is niot comiipletely solubilized.


It is shown that the stability of a linear twoport is invariant under arbitrary lossless terminations, under interchange of input and output, and under "immittance substitution," a transformation group involving the arbitrary interchanging of impedance and admittance formulations at both ports. The quantity k = \frac {2 Re (\gamma_{11}) Re (\gamma_{22}) - Re(\gamma_{12} \gamma_{21})} {|\gamme_{12} \gamma_{21}|} (where the \gamma may be any of the conventional immittance z, y, or hybrid h, g matrix parameters) is the simplest invariant under these transformations, and describes uniquely the degree of stability, provided Re(\gamma_{11}), Re(\gamma_{22}) \geq 0; the larger k is, the greater the stability, and in particular k = 1 defines the boundary between unconditional and conditional stability. The quantity k is thus the basic invariant stability factor. Its definition is also extended to include the effect of terminating immittances, which may be padding resistances or source and load immittances, or both. Certain power-gain functions, including the maximum available power gain, are shown to be invariant under immittance substitution, and k is identified as a function of ratios between them, where they exist. This provides a fundamental way of determining k, apart from calculating it from matrix parameters, and indicates that it is a measure of an inherent physical property.


The preparation of flocculant by modified sweet potato starch was low cost and biodegradable advantages.Effect of the phosphate dosage,quality ratio of phosphoric acid mixture,urea use,reaction time and temperature on the dry preparation of starch phosphate ester were studied.The optimum technological conditions to prepare high starch phosphate ester substitution degree by flocculation object with surface soil were as follows: reaction temperature 150 ℃,reaction time 2.5 h,dosage of urea to starch was 4 %,dosage of starch phosphate to starch was 80 %,quality ratio of disodium phosphate to sodium dihydrogen phosphate was 1∶3.


"...traditional hernia topics are not stale or outmoded but, in the light of new observations, are fresh, dynamic and practical in our everyday approach to the problem of hernias".1 Preperitoneal/extraperitoneal space between the peritoneum and the transversalis fascia is no longer recognized as a single anatomical entity because of the presence of a definite thin but membranous 'preperitoneal fascia' which is often mistaken as the 'posterior lamina' of the transversalis fascia.2–10 However, the preperitoneal fascia clearly divides the preperitoneal space into two compartments,11–14 but 'this layer remained unknown to surgeons unfamiliar with older literature'.14 'Presently the laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty (TEPP/ TEP) has become an established technique for repair of inguinal hernia'.15 'However, there remains significant confusion regarding the transversalis fascia and the multilayered preperitoneal fascia'.9 There is a wide range of surgeons' opinion about anatomical plane of preperitoneal dissection and mesh placement during the laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty through either the total extraperitoneal preperitoneal (TEPP) or the transabdominal (TAPP) approach,12,13,16 namely, true preperitoneal (retrofascial), interfascial between the transversalis fascia and the preperitoneal fascia/urogenital fascia, and prefascial/ retromuscular anterior to the posterior rectus sheath fascia and transversalis fascia.'Initially, the dissection of the extraperitoneal space in the TEP approach tended to be difficult, confusing and therefore hard to learn'.17 Therefore, we conducted a laparoscopic study for the doctoral thesis for award of PhD (Surgery), and the observations regarding the avascular preperitoneal plane, the holy plane of dissection during TEPP hernioplasty are presented here.


The ideal of the university's nature is a kind of value judgment about the basic problem what orgnization the university should be.It is also a kind of the university's conception which reflect the nature of the university.The ideal of the university's nature is the base of philosophy that must be before action in managing the university.The university manager only have a clear ideal of the university nature,they may have the basic stand in managing the university and a clear direction in running the university.The primitive university's concept on,the conception that the university is a single organization,the conception that the university is a multiple-function organization,and their practical meaning.


Hyperspectral images (HSIs) will experience noise throughout the data collection process due to the imaging system's limitations, which will make it challenging to extract the image's crucial information. In this paper, a multi-stage enhanced HSI denoising network (MED-Net) is proposed. Our core concept is to process the hyperspectral noise image iteratively using a multi-stage network. A similar network structure's first and second phases are employed for the denoise process. To achieve cross-stage information transfer, we use CSFF (Cross-stage Feature Fusion) mechanism and SAM (Supervised Attention Module). AN (Additive Network) and MN (Multiplicative Network) are used to remove additive and multiplicative noise. Then, we restore the background based on the residual network and attention mechanism. The results of our experiments demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the actual HSIs data recovery, and the restored image has good visual clarity and detail.


Phosphorus (P) is considered a nonrenewable resource that plays a key role in agriculture and such studies are needed to evaluate alternative sources of this element. In the current study, objectives were to evaluate soil microbial respiration and enzymatic activity resulting from the addition of rock-phosphate-enriched organic compost to soil under incubation conditions. An organic-mineral compost (OMC) was produced by aerobically composting a mixture of coffee grain trash (62%), bovine manure (7%), phosphate rock (28%), and gypsum (3%) for 3 months. Different amounts of OMC were added in a portion (100 g) of soil, and then this mixture was incubated for 28 days. After this time, soil microbial respiration (SMR), biochemical parameters, and available P were evaluated. The addition of OMC led to significant increase in SMR, dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, β-glucosidase, and phosphatase activity, which were dependent on the added amounts of the compost. The values of available P in soil increased significantly (13 times) with the OMC addition when compared to the control.The assay showed that P-enriched OMC application impacted soil function and improved soil biochemical properties. These results suggest that this practice may be of great importance for soil fertilization.


Building on person-environment fit theory and social exchange theory, the relationship between job demands and innovative work behaviour was assumed to be moderated by fairness perceptions of the ratio between effort spent and reward received at work. This interaction of job demands with perceptions of effort-reward fairness was tested among 170 non-management employees from a Dutch industrial organization in the food sector. Results demonstrated a positive relationship between job demands and innovative work behaviour when employees perceived effort-reward fairness rather than under-reward unfairness.


This article aims to make use of moment-generating functions (mgfs) to derive the density of mixture distributions from hierarchical models. When the mgf of a mixture distribution doesn't exist, one can extend the approach to characteristic functions to derive the mixture density. This article uses a result given by E.R. Villa, L.A. Escobar, Am. Stat. 60 (2006), 75–80. The present work complements E.R. Villa, L.A. Escobar, Am. Stat. 60 (2006), 75–80 article with many new examples.


Eriophyes vitis, feeding on embryonic tissue of grape buds or shoots, causes hypertrophy of the cells fed upon and later, the formation of scar tissue. This injury, when extensive, results in malformation of the maturing structure. Other organisms or conditions interfering with the normal maturation of tissue may account for deformations similar to those produced by E. vitis feeding. The possibility of economie losses due to E. vitis is normally minimized by the propensity for the mites to feed primarily on the scales of overwintering buds and by the reduction of their numbers on new shoot growth by factors such as predation and possibly climate. E. vitis injury in commercial Tokay vineyards which were studied did not cause a commercial loss, However the effect on vine in the shoots sufficient to cause boron toxicity symptoms had little or no adverse effect on mite populations. 2) Mites were able to cause typical injury to shoots with high as weil as low boron content. 3) The symptoms produced by the mites were distinct from those produced by boron excess. The classic symptoms of boron excess syndrome were identified by Dr. J. A. Cook, and the syndrome of mite injury was identified by the authors.


Fretting fatigue is the main phenomenon inducing reduction of fatigue strength in overhead transmission conductor lines which are subjected to aeolian vibrations. Using the Bersfort ACSR 48/7 conductor, fatigue tests were conducted under several traction forces and relative vibration amplitudes. By metallographic examinations it has been observed that fretting induces microcracks which are mainly located between the keeper edge (KE) and the last point of the contact (LPC) of the conductor at the mouth of the suspension clamp. Under the fatigue tests conditions, several cross-sections of wires in the external layer of the conductor were instrumented using strain gauges. Wire strains recorded near to the suspension clamp show that the alternating strains were predominantly traction strains near the KE and that bending alternating strains become significant near the LPC. On the basis of fatigue tests results and assuming some simplified hypothesis, stress intensity factors were computed at the tip of cracks. The computed stress intensity factors take into account the combined effect of fretting behaviour at the contact points and both traction and bending stresses. The computed stress intensity factor ranges for low fatigue bending vibration amplitudes show good agreement with the endurance limit of the conductor.


We present a novel compression method for high dynamic range (HDR) textures, targeted for future graphics hardware. Identifying that the existing solutions provide either very high image quality or very simple hardware implementation, we aim to achieve both features in a single solution.
 Our approach improves upon an existing technique by incorporating a simple chrominance coding that allows overall image quality on par with the state of the art, but at a substantially lower encoding and decoding complexity. The end result is what we believe to be an excellent compromise between image quality and efficiency of hardware implementations.
 We evaluate our compression method using common test images and established HDR image quality metrics. Additionally, we complement these results with error measurements in the CIE L*a*b* color space in order to separately assess the quality of luminance and chrominance information.


Brucellosis is not uncommon in children in endemic areas. We described clinical and laboratory features and therapeutic regimens for brucellosis in children under 14 who admitted in the Pediatric Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran from March 1988 until February 2001. The male: female ratio was 2:1. Family history of brucellosis and consumption of un-pasteurized milk and dairy products was positive in 20.4% and 65.9%, respectively. The common clinical findings were arthritis (79.5%), fever (77.4%), anorexia (61.4%), sweating (52.3%), splenomegaly (43.2%), hepatomegaly (34.1%) and lymphadenopathy (13.65). Anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were recorded in 56.8%, 31.8% and 9.1%, respectively. Out of all patients, seropositivity rate for brucellosis was found in 97.7% using serum agglutination test. Culture of blood and bone marrow specimen were positive in 30% and 50% of samples obtained, respectively. Rifampin and co-trimoxazole were the most commonly used combination in 68.1%. The overall relapse rate was 13.6%. Arthritis and fever were the most common clinical findings of brucellosis. Wright test is a very sensitive method to detect brucella infection. Public education and control measures should be applied to prevent the zoonotic and human brucellosis.


This first volume of CJMR (Current Japanese Materials Research), contains thirteen chapters concerning the above three themes of fatigue cracks. Each chapter is not a single paper as appearing in many academic journals and transactions, but a systematic review of the current achievement by each author with the emphasis on important points. The common feature is that the elaborated experimental techniques and theoretical approaches, some of which are quite unique, are introduced by respective authors to make clear the difficulty arising in the observation of small cracks and analysis of data. Theoretical models are proposed from the viewpoint of fracture mechanics to link the two thresholds of fatigue limit and crack growth, and intensive discussions are made for further development of the theory. Threshold stress intensity factors and the growth rate of medium and long sized cracks are also discussed, together with their opening behavior. The influencing factors are plastic zone size, the stress ratio and residual stress distribution occurring in welded joints. Mode II crack growth is of great significance since the initial fatigue cracks propagate mainly in shear mode. The problems of fatigue crack growth in corrosive environment is highly important since its retardation and enhancement take placemore » in structural steels affected by the variety of factors. Life prediction in such environments poses another important problem. These are systematically discussed in this book.« less


We report a family of hybrid [2]rotaxanes based on inorganic [Cr 7 NiF 8 (O 2 C t Bu) 16 ] − ("{Cr 7 Ni}") rings templated about organic threads that are terminated at one end with pyridyl groups. These rotaxanes can be coordinated to [Cu(hfac) 2 ] (where Hhfac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetone), to give 1:1 or 1:2 Cu:{Cr 7 Ni} adducts: {[Cu(hfac) 2 ](py-CH 2 NH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Ph)[Cr 7 NiF 8 (O 2 C t Bu) 16 ]}, {[Cu(hfac) 2 ][py-CH 2 NH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ][Cr 7 NiF 8 (O 2 C t Bu) 16 ]}, {[Cu(hfac) 2 ]([py-CH


One of the goals routinely ascribed to international criminal law ("ICL") prosecutions is the ability to improve the rule of law domestically in post-atrocity states. This Article reassesses the common assumption that the relationship between the pursuit of ICL accountability and improving the rule of law in post-atrocity states is necessarily a linear, wholly positive one. It does so through an analysis of the relationship between the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia and the rule of law domestically in Cambodia. Through this analysis, this Article highlights the oft-ignored possibility that ICL prosecutions may actually have a mix of positive, nil, and negative effects on the domestic rule of law, at least in the short run. In the Cambodian context, this Article argues that such risk is quite real and arguably, in the process of being realized. These harmful rule of law consequences are most visible when viewed in light of the particularities of Cambodia's rule of law deficit, which increasingly stems from government practices of subverting the rule of law through means obscured behind facades of legality. The ECCC's tacit toleration of the Cambodian government's apparent interference with the Court's work risks legitimating the notion that the rule of law is mere window dressing, rather than anything of substance in even the most basic, procedural sense.


The North Shore Plutons are peraluminous granitoids emplaced within the Murmac Bay Group supracrustals exposed on the north shore of Lake Athabasca, Saskatchewan. 207Pb/206Pb ages obtained using th...


Functionalization of field effect transistors and optical sensors with biomaterials such as proteins and DNA has been widely employed to enable a specific selectivity and high sensitivity to target molecules. As for sensing materials, a group of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC), e.g., MoS2 and WS2, has attracted much attention due to their tunable optoelectronic properties as well as its atomically flat surface. MoS2 has been demonstrated that surrounding environments, such as molecular adsorption and solvent, largely affect its photoluminescence (PL) [1,2]. Although it is not studied yet, MoS2 can be a candidate for a biosensor under physiological condition due to its high sensitivity to the environments. To this end, it is required to know how optical property of MoS2 behaves under various aqueous conditions of pH and ions. However, despite of intensive studies under air or vacuum condition, the understanding of MoS2 PL behavior under aqueous solution is still poor. In this work, to address the problem, we have investigated ionic effects on PL of MoS2 in aqueous solutions. Single-layer MoS2 were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and then immobilized on a polymer thin film. After 1 hour incubation in DI water, the pH of the solution was controlled in the range from 3 to 9 by adding appropriate ions. It was found that pH change has strong correlation with the PL of MoS2, where PL intensity at pH3 is enhanced by a factor of about 1.5 compared with DI water condition. Interestingly, MoS2 prepared by different material source showed different PL behavior. Additionally, to develop a biologically active surface, we have coated MoS2 surface by self-assembled peptides with a high affinity to MoS2 surface, and investigated the effect of their charges on the PL modulation.


Gadolinium scandium gallium garnet codoped with Nd and Or (GSGG:Nd,Cr) is the laser material with the highest measured efficiency. Thus it has great promise for use in laser systems where efficiency, power, and beam quality are desired. As part of a program on developing slab lasers with multikilowatt outputs, we are growing 5-in. diam GSGG:Nd,Cr boules, from which we will cut 10- × 20- × 1-cm3 slabs. Our efforts have focused on using the Czochralski growth technique, which has proved successful in growing commercially large GGG. We constructed a station that we modified to incorporate a 9-in. diam by 9-in. deep iridium crucible. The melt charge is 50 kg and we pull ~35-40% of the melt. In this system we have pulled 5-in. diam undoped GGG, undoped GSGG, and codoped GSGG. In the course of this effort we have solved a spiral growth morphological problem by using calcium additions to the melt. However, to prevent forming Cr4+, which is a 1-μm absorber, we are employing the Ce3+-Ce4+ couple to compensate for the Ca% We present data on boule quality: birefringence, wavefront distortion, and absorption losses


s are often required to stand alone in a computerized bibliogt aphy somewhere as the only clue to your paper or document. In any case, an abstract is read first and often is the on/v part read. Avoid using abbreviations or acronyms in an abstract. I'he reader will probably not have access to your glossary or first use of the term in the text, so cannot be expcctcd to know its definition. Even introducing acrotlyms in paren(hcscs after spelling them out in the abstract is a distraction and a waste of the few-word-limit generally imposed on absttacts. As You Say lt It is good to remember that language was spoken long before it was \vritten. The spoken language usually evolves (for better or worse) ahead of the written language. However, as pointed out in Part 1 of this article, the written language is more and more driving the spoken language, and in the case of acronyms, often to the detriment of speech, Although in writing technical and business material we try to be more prcci se and formal than we often are when wc speak, writing is still symbolic of the spoken language, ancl we "hear" the language in our minds when we read. Therefore, soJnc of the "rules" for abbreviating are based on sounds. Sj)eil ou~ single words and common expr~ssion.s. LJse of acronyms such as the following in narrative text distracts fro]n readability (not to mention clarity): Fw I/F H/w M/M p~ }{/7' Sfc Sfw U/l. Firmware Interface Ilardware Multimission Playback Real time Spacccrafl Software Uplink A good policy is to spell i( the way you pronounce it. Wc say "hardware," not "l 1W;" "spacecraft," not "S-C;" Don 't use acronyms tha[ are longer thatl words From the standpoint of sound, some acronyms are longer than the terms they abbreviate. For example, why use Wl]S for wide-band switch, when W13S has five syllables and wide-band switch has only three? As with two letter abbreviations such as S/Cl and l/l;, if we don't say the abbreviation, we shouldn't write it that way. Other examples of abbreviations with as many or more syllables than what they abbreviate are: WI< Waiver Request Sc'r Spacecraft l'cam 1'/01' I;nd of file


We give an expository account of the proof of Mumford's conjecture on the stable, rational cohomology of moduli spaces of algebraic curves in its generalized form emphasizing some of the ideas that led up to it.


With the continuous development of cloud computing and network technology. Online shopping on websites has become an important way to sell goods. With the increase of consumer groups, the single architecture of e-commerce platform has been difficult to cope with the increasing website access and concurrency. Therefore, this paper introduces the concept of distributed technology, designs and implements an e-commerce platform with highly available, easily scalable and highly cohesive features based on SpringCloud's microservices architecture.


Nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is used to convert nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) at ambient conditions. In general, acidic electrolytes are used to provide protons (H+), however, this leads to low selectivity due to H2 formation via the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Recently, it is shown that Ti2N MXene is active and selective for NRR in acidic electrolyte, and operates through a Mars‐van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism. However, the effect of pH on its catalytic performance is not well understood. Here, experiments are performed in varying pH values and relations are developed between pH and performance. The findings of this study indicate that the lowest NRR onset occurs within pH 2 systems exhibiting a nonlinear trend. However, as pH decreases, overpotential decreases, and kinetics increase due to H+ participation. FE values are found to increase as pH increased. These findings will be extended to other materials to design optimal electrolytic systems for NRR.


Eukaryotic cells have complex regulatory systems that sense adversity (e.g. DNA damage, heat shock, external deathinduction signals) and respond by invoking programmed celldeath or apoptosis. Cancer cells have evolved the ability to thwart such sensory information and associated regulation. As biologists begin to understand cells in circuit-like terms, we can also begin to derive and simulate druggable targets of cellular networks that cause a cancerous cell to kill its self. Towards this goal, we have performed preliminary experiments that test the impact of siRNA (RNA silencing) on diverse cellular signaling pathways, at unprecedented single-cell resolution. We propose ways in which a CAD system can process such data to automatically derive drug targets.


In this paper, we have developed a circuit which gives the output for 4-Logic gates of "AND, NAND, OR, NOR" simultaneously by taking only two inputs "A" and "B". I used Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) to design this circuit. Previously we have each circuit for each logic gate but now in our new circuit, we developed four logic gates in a single circuit. Thus we can decrease the size of the special circuits. Instead of using four IC's for four logic gates if we use this single IC for all the four logic gates then the space used for the remaining three IC's can be used for other purposes. This circuit is very easy to design because it has only six Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT's).


The magnum opus of historic significance The Law of War and Peace written by Grotius, famed as the o-riginator of International Law, brought International Law into a complete, independent and systematical branch of learning. In his opinion, national law, international law and wars between nations should be based on and bound by the law of nature which embodies reason and normal human feelings. Furthermore, being the first western thinker on the law of nature, he extricated the law of nature from religion and theology, exposited the theory of it and developed the common views on it in modern times, hoping to promote the restoration and formation of international peace and legal state by his erudite knowledge on jurisprudence, philosophy and theology.


Heathrow is Europe's largest airport. In 1994, there were 51 million passenger trips of which 30% were air transfers. 44 million trips were on international flights making Heathrow the largest international airport in the world. Heathrow is well served by the UK strategic road network being at the crossing of the M4 and M25 and is well served by the London Underground network with three Piccadilly Line stations on the airport. Heathrow's facilities handle more bus and coach passengers than any other bus and coach station in the UK and, in total, the proportion of air passengers using public ground transport, 33%, is one of the highest of any major airport in Europe. The missing link is a connection to the main line rail network but this is to be remedied in a couple of year's time by the completion of the Heathrow Express rail link enabling dedicated non-stop trains every 15 minutes to connect two Heathrow stations to Paddington. Applications to extend both the Heathrow Express and Piccadilly Line to the proposed Terminal 5 have also been made and are being considered by the public inquiry. Safeguarding for further potential rail improvements is included in both the initial Heathrow Express and the extensions. BAA's rail strategy then considers what further services and links could be added to provide connections to other parts of the rail network. Extensions to the west and south would be possible and additional services towards the east might also be worthwhile. BAA's policy is not to preclude any sensible alternative and to act as catalyst to bring together parties who can fund, build and operate rail services. At Heathrow, the long term vision is of an integrated intermodal interchange where air passengers can enjoy high quality access to rail and other modes as part of a twenty first century airport fulfilling its role as the UK's principle gateway. For the covering abstract see IRRD 879900.


The introduction of safe and efficacious ultrasound contrast agents, which significantly enhance the backscattered signals, has allowed previously inaccessible areas of slow flow to be imaged. However, imaging organ perfusion or small deep‐lying vessels remains difficult. The ability of harmonic imaging to resolve these problems has been investigated. Harmonic imaging uses the nonlinear properties of microbubble‐based agents by transmitting at the fundamental frequency but receiving at the second harmonic. In vitro measurements revealed a harmonic response 15 dB below the fundamental for a driving frequency of 2.5 MHz at an acoustic pressure of 50 kPa for one particular contrast medium. In vivo, two different gas‐filled microbubble agents were administrated to 10 dogs and three rabbits. Three different scanners were used to obtain images of kidneys, liver, heart, and vessels in harmonic and conventional gray‐scale, pulsed Doppler, and color Doppler modes. Enhancement lasted significantly longer in harmonic than in conventional modes (94 s; P = 0.00003). Harmonic images were less susceptible to artifacts, such as acoustic shadowing, and a wider range of dosages could therefore be used. A clear increase in the (flow) signal‐to‐clutter ratio was observed. Harmonic images were, however, very dependent on focal zone settings. These preliminary results demonstrate the potential of contrast‐enhanced harmonic imaging, but further studies are required to establish clinical efficacy. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 8, 69–81, 1997


In May 2001, Matt Schifrin, editor of Forbes.com, wrote in a Forbes special issue on alliances: "Alliances may be the most powerful trend that has swept (global) business in the past 100 years. Strategic alliances are hot...." Schifrin is not alone. Fred Weston, former president of the American Finance Association and UCLA professor, noticed a dramatic rise in new joint venture announcements to rival merger completions – a correlation of nearly 100 per cent. Peter Drucker, the father of modern management, has observed "not only a surge in alliances, but a worldwide restructuring for major corporations is occurring in the shape of alliances and partnerships."


This exhibition catalogue documents the work of 24 (mainly) American artists, and features four essays that consider the confessional mode and the process of testimonial, the strategies of depicting rape in feminist art, the issue of entrapment, and the subject of rape in recent video art. Circa 60 bibl. ref.


Iran was a short-term society in contrast to Europe's long-term society. It was a society in which change - even important and fundamental change - tended to be a short-term phenomenon. And this was precisely due to the absence of an established and inviolable legal framework which would guarantee long term continuity. Over any short period of time, there could be notable military, administrative and property-owning classes, but their composition would not remain the same beyond one or two generations, unlike traditional European aristocracies, even merchant classes. In Iran, property and social positions were short term, precisely because they were regarded as personal privileges rather than inherited and inviolable social rights. The situation of those who possessed rank and property - except in very rare examples - was not the result of long-term inheritance (say, beyond two generations before) and they did not expect their heirs to continue in the same positions as a matter of course. The heirs could do so only if they managed to establish themselves on their own merits - merits being the personal traits necessary for success within the given social context. There thus was a high degree of social mobility, unthinkable in medieval and much of the modern European history. This did not exclude the position of the shah himself, since legitimacy and the right of succession were nearly always subject to serious challenge, even rebellion.


The setting up of intellectual property support platform in South Africa has been intended to stimulate the development of technology-based services, products, enterprises, and encouraging investment. This initiative is at the heart of the South African National Development Plan (NDP) of 2030. Again, green technology has become a necessity in modern society that in the absence of adequate knowledge will weigh at the expense of any economic objective of any scale to achieve. Green economy has been seen as a great opportunity to boost the global economy and South Africa sees the necessity not to delay to involve its society and already has set targets for 2020 and beyond in the transformation of the natural resource reserves at disposal. A successful South African green economy development would profit the sub-Saharan region and reciprocally, the region would be of an ultimate prospect to benefit the country assuming its position of the regional hub. With this in mind the paper intends to review how possible can an adjustment of SMMEs to green economy occur. SMMEs are the engine of the global economy and the South African economic development aim is a shift to high-value, knowledge-intensive products. The objective of the paper is a conceptual framework and it is based on secondary data collected from government reports, books, internet, archives and current journals, and online publications. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2014.v3n6p181


Purpose of the study: This study was designed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practices of teachers toward ADHD students. The objectives of the study were to document the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the teachers regarding ADHD, to find out the difference between knowledge attitude and practices among different strata of teachers, and to find out the effect of age, experience, and qualification on knowledge, attitude, and practices of teachers towards ADHD.
Methodology: Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 600 primary school teachers from 2469 primary school teachers of district Haripur. This instrument contained 29 statements. This scale has three dimensions. Knowledge (statements 1-17), Attitude (statements18-35), and Practices (statements 36-52). The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.76 which was got through the pilot study conducted on sixty teachers.
Main findings: The results indicate that overall practices of teachers are the highest in comparison to Knowledge and Attitude. There was no significant difference between knowledge, practices, and attitudes about ADHD between different strata i-e Urban and Rural area primary teachers, Male and Female primary teachers, and public and Private primary teachers. Furthermore, experience, Age, and Qualification have a profound influence on primary teachers' knowledge regarding ADHD. Teachers' Qualification has a profound influence over primary teacher's Attitude towards students with ADHD. Thus, qualification has a profound influence over primary teacher's practices towards students with ADHD.
Applications of the study: This study is applicable in the field of primary education where the teachers are assessed to find out their knowledge, attitude, and practices towards ADHD students.
Novelty originality of this study: Much of the research is conducted in mainstream education but this research specifically explores the knowledge, attitude of teachers towards ADHD students. Therefore, this research is a torchbearer in this particular area of education.


Observers of the German economy are facing an apparently contradictory picture. On the one hand, economic growth persistently undercuts that of the European Union by a significant margin, on average by some 1/2 percentage point relative to the other EU 15 countries over more than a decade. Domestic economic activity is notoriously weak (Figure 1), which is reflected in sluggish private consumption and investment, and progress in cutting high levels of unemployment appears to be lacking.


Three emitters having a donor–phenyl–acceptor structure are considered as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials. They present different triplet excited-state energies depending on the substitution positions. Consequently, two materials exhibit blue emission with TADF properties. The OLEDs based on o-CzXTN provided a maximum EQE as high as 10.6%.


Abstract Petroleum hydrocarbons are toxic to all forms of life; therefore, environmental pollution caused by petroleum is of great concern. Bio-based environmentally friendly strategies are preferred for the remediation of these contaminated sites. This study investigated the potential of consortia of Bacillus spp for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from synthetic media and industrial effluents. Of the 115 isolates, the top three performing isolates, designated as GPA 11.2, GPA 7.1, GPA 3.5, were selected and identified using 16 s rDNA as Bacillus subtilis (GPA 11.2), Bacillus methylotrophicus (GPA 3.5), and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GPA 7.1). The three strains were combined to produce three different consortia designated as prototype 1, prototype 2, and prototype 3. The bioremediation potential of each consortium was evaluated by Gas Chromatography (GC) using industrial effluents that contained hydrocarbons. Results indicated that the bulk of the contaminants were removed during the first 48 h; and removal (%) did not increase significantly after 72 h. The total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) (C8–C28) removal rates from synthetic effluent after 48 h of treatment using prototype 1, prototype 2, and prototype 3 were 64.9%, 30.0%, and 79.8%, respectively. The TPH (C8–C28) removal rate from true effluents after 48 h of treatment using prototype 1, prototype 2, and prototype 3 consortia were 64.5%, 53.6%, and 52.7%, respectively. The results showed that the best performing consortium was prototype 1. This study has demonstrated the potential application of Bacillus consortia as bioremediation agents for the treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites.


FIELD: power industry. SUBSTANCE: wind-driven power plant mainly for a tall structure with a vertical axis, which contains a movable wind wheel with vertical blades and an electric generator. The movable wind wheel is located at certain altitude and has support wheels with shock absorbers in upper and lower parts, which roll on the provided chutes - guides. Guides are located around the perimetre of the tall structure. In the lower part of the movable wind wheel a provision is made, in a circumferential direction as well, for a belt gear link, and towards the axis of the tall structure a provision is made for a gear of an intermediate gear link, which is adjacent to the belt gear link. The gear axis of the intermediate gear link is rigidly fixed on the tall structure. The electric generator is rigidly fixed too and its shaft is provided with a toothed gear that is adjacent to the gear of the intermediate link. The movable wind wheel is surrounded with vertical air flow guides that are movable in their axes and have remote automatic control tie-rods. EFFECT: invention allows using a tall engineering structure as a load-carrying structure of a wind-driven power plant.