In order to assess the residual behavior of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) after high temperature,especially biaxial eccentric compression members,some materials are provided to draw up the assessment codes of the residual behavior of CFST after fire.In this paper,fifteen square-CFST specimens after high constant temperature subjected to biaxial eccentric compression were carried out.Special set-up was also designed,and factors effecting on residual behaviour of members was also analysed.The results show that square CFST specimens subjected to biaxial eccentric compression have high bearing capacity and good ductility,and the factors effecting on bearing capacity are mainly temperature.


IN a previous paper I referred to observations by Dr E. W. G. Masterman, on the prevalence of malaria in Jerusalem. Since that time Dr Masterman has searched various places for Anopheles in and near the city, and has found numerous larvae in the Birket Mamilla (or " Upper Pool of Gihon") in winter, the water of which is conducted by covered conduits to Turkish baths in the city. The pool is dry in summer. The Pool of Hezekiah, near the Jaffa gate, contained no Anopheles larvae in the spring of 1903, but in various rain-water cisterns inside the walls larvae were almost invariably found and imagines in the London Jews' Society's Hospital. Last year Dr Wheeler found Anopheles in six Jewish houses in the city, and I found them in five, but only in dark rooms, in the hospital above mentioned, and also in many cisterns in and outside the city. Having carried on part of Dr Masterman's work during his absence from September, 1904, to January, 1905, inclusive, at the London Jews' Society's Dispensary inside the city, and practising in the neighbouring village of Ramallah on the other days of the week, I have had exceptional opportunities of observing the malarial fevers, not only of Jerusalem, but also of the surrounding country. During the period stated I examined the blood of about 500 cases of fever microscopically. Jerusalem, from its natural position, 2500 feet above the level of the sea and 3300 feet above the Jordan valley, surrounded on three sides N., E., and S. by deep limestone valleys, without streams of water, with


Educators face major challenges as a result of the shift from the Information Age to the Experience Age (Wadhera, 2016). For example, students are passive and disengaged (Capps and Crawford, 2013) and may struggle to see the relevance of what they are learning to their lives (Gee, 2009); also, important skills needed for 21st century learners - such as empathy, systems thinking, creativity, computational literacy, and abstract reasoning - are difficult to teach (Smith and Hu, 2013). Virtual reality, an immersive, hands-on tool for learning, can play a unique role in addressing these educational challenges. In this paper, we present examples of how the affordances of virtual reality lead to new opportunities that support learners. We conclude with a discussion of recommendations and next steps.


The catalyst copper oxides/active carbon(AC) was prepared from AC as carrier and copper nitrate as active component.After the catalyst has been used to degrade coke-plant wastewater containing phenol,the removal rate of COD_(Cr) was increased by more than 11%.UV analysis indicated that during the reaction the peak value of 270 nm fell with degradation time,and that was obvious at the beginning of the reaction.TEM revealed the active dots of copper oxides had been clearly loaded on AC.


A parapegma is a list of dates of annual risings and settings of fixed stars and of equinoxes and solstices, combined with weather predictions. The entries are either engraved on stone tables or presented as written texts, either as single parapegmata composed by one single author or as collected parapegmata. The earliest known authors of single parapegmata are Meton, Euctemon and Democritos. The best preserved collected parapegma is an appendix to the "Isogage" of Geminos1. This text will be called G. It begins thus:


THE MOST striking effeot of the Army Specialized Training Courses on Colleges and Universities throughout the country was, no doubt, felt in the departments of modern languages. All of a sudden, journals and daily newspapers, speakers of all kinds dealing with language problems, laymen and educators, even broadcasters are full of praise for what they call "the new method of learning languages." And there are a great number of colleges that, following the trend of the last hour, for the forthcoming academic year announce their intention, to open to civilians foreign language courses which will be entirely based on the pattern successfully used in the Army Specialized Training Curriculum. Now the main difference between the usual academic language study and that offered by the Army was focused on two points: 1) The soldier-trainee was to acquire a working knowledge of the foreign language within as short a period as nine months; 2) The speaking ability of the student and his comprehension of the spoken word were stressed, whereas correct writing and reading of the language involved was considered a matter of minor importance. But many universities and colleges seem to be amazed at the idea that they should be able to teach their students the practical use of any foreign language even within a two-year interval, and therefore some of their leading people look forward to these "new" methods as if a kind of revolution in the whole language study were in the making. Actually, the basic underlying problem proves to be as old as the study of living language itself. The question of how to learn a foreign language has always been differently answered according to what aim the student has had in mind. There is even in our mother tongue a big difference between the spoken and written word, and no one will deny the fact that not every good speaker is a good writer and vice versa. Linguistic science has recognized that difference by subdividing even the elementary language study into phonetics on the one hand and grammar-syntax and literature on the other. It is quite natural that colleges and universities, as scientific institutions, have always put more emphasis on the preparation of


Money and ideology are more important to U.N. apparatchiks than saving lives in Africa, which explains their fervent advocacy of risky condoms over effective abstinence programs in preventing HIV/AIDS.


This thesis illustrates the use of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique as a local probe for the study of static and dynamic magnetism in the iron-based superconductors. First, a Korringa ratio analysis of 59Co and 75As NMR data reveals the existence of ferromagnetic (FM) spin fluctuations in SrCo2As2 and the holeand electron-doped BaFe2As2 families of iron-pnictide superconductors. The analysis further shows that the FM fluctuations compete with AFM fluctuations to suppress superconductivity in these materials. The FM fluctuations are thus a crucial ingredient to understanding the variability of the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and the shape of the superconducting dome in these and other iron-pnictide families. Secondly, a study of KFe2As2 under pressures up to 2.1 GPa reveals a crossover between a high-temperature incoherent, local-moment behavior and a low-temperature coherent behavior at a crossover temperature, T ∗. The T ∗ is found to increase monotonically with pressure, consistent with increasing hybridization between localized 3d orbital-derived bands with the itinerant electron bands. No anomaly in T ∗ is seen at the critical pressure where a change of slope of Tc(p) has been observed. In the superconducting state, two-component nuclear spin-lattice relaxation is observed at low temperatures, suggesting the existence of two distinct local electronic environments. Finally, 77Se-NMR studies of FeSe subjected to external pressure and sulfur doping are presented. In pure FeSe under pressure, the NMR spectra reveal the existence of a short-range, local nematic ordered state above the bulk nematic ordering temperature. Furthermore, this local nematic order does not compete with low-energy AFM spin fluctuations. In sulfur-doped FeSe1−xSx, the observed behavior of the magnetic fluctuations parallels the Tc, providing strong evidence for the primary importance of magnetic fluctuations for superconductivity, despite the presence of nematic quantum criticality in this system.


The epic poem about the Soweto uprising, "Laboraro le lesoleso", written in Sepedi (Northern Sotho) by H. M. L. Lentsoane has only recently been translated into English by Biki Lepota as "Black Wednesday" and published in the anthology Stitching a whirlwind (2018). In this article I suggest that, by discarding English, some crucial shifts from the bulk of protest poetry written in English must have taken place. Lentsoane wants to speak directly to fellow mother tongue speakers and not a national or broader African or international ear. It becomes clear that, by deploying various strategies based in orality, the poet manages to contribute new material and new approaches to creative texts of black protest during the apartheid years, e.g., a release from specific apartheid content about their oppression that every indigenous speaker had common knowledge of; an adherence to orality in terms of presentation, vocabulary, and form; and a linkage with the ancestors and a release from trying to reach the conscience of whites. This manifests through the poem's particular perspective and emphasis as narrative, as telling, combined with vivid visceral poetic imagery of the event. The poem evocatively captures the unfolding of incidents while at the same time shifting the focus to an ancestral demand to stand up for righteousness in a universal field of justice.


Role ambiguity and role conflict as role stress sources and turnover intention have been studied with various variables such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, or organizational culture by some researchers. Then in this study we tried introduce the effect of role stress sources on intention to leave the work. Research of the study is applied at a State University in Ankara/Turkey. Role stress sources or role perceptions are held as role ambiguity and role conflict. The sample is consisted of 297 research assistants of the university from different departments. Role conflict and role ambiguity questionnaires applied to the research assistants. The results of the study demonstrated that multiple linear regression analysis is performed to determine effects of role conflict and role ambiguity on intention to leave work of research assistants. The results of multiple regression analysis are statistically significant (F (2,294) = 38,378, p <, 001). The adjusted R square value is 0,20. This result shows that 20 percent of the intention to leave the work is explained by role conflict and role ambiguity. According to the multiple regressions analysis performed, while the role ambiguity affects intention to leave the work significantly and negatively, the role conflict effects intention to leave the work significantly and positively.


abstract Natural language syntax has previously been thought to reflect abstract processing rules independent of meaning construction. However, grammatical categories may serve a functional role by allocating attention towards recurrent topics in discourse. Here, we show that listeners incorporate grammatical category into imagery when producing stick figure drawings from heard sentences, supporting the latter view. Participants listened to sentences with transitive verbs that independently varied whether a male or a female character (1) was mentioned first, (2) was the agent or recipient of an action, and (3) was the grammatical subject or object of the sentence. Replicating previous findings, we show that the first named character as well as the agent of the sentence tends to be drawn to the left in the image, probably reflecting left-to-right reading direction. But we also find that the grammatical subject of the sentence has a propensity to be drawn to the left of the object. We interpret this to suggest that grammatical category carries discursive meaning as an attention allocator. Our findings also highlight how language influences processes hitherto thought to be non-linguistic.


The authors study the proform quoi when it is anaphoric of a predicative phrase (Il dejeuna. Apres quoi il partit). In this structure, this proform loses several properties – what shows a grammaticalisation in progress. The authors make the assumption that quoi functions as a relative pronoun or an indefinite pronoun without value of subordination. Five groups emerge : In the first one, the demonstrative ce is essential as antecedent to the pronoun quoi, with a predicative value (Ce a quoi il parvint). In the second one, ce is optional (Ce en quoi il a raison / Ce a quoi elle repliqua que P) ; it can have a predicative value with the preposition en but not with the preposition a. In the third and the fourth groups, ce is impossible : in the third group, the group prep. + quoi (a quoi) assumes an argumentative function whereas in the fourth group, the group prep. + quoi (apres quoi) is an adverbial phrase. At last, in the fifth group, quoi can be analysed as an indefinite pronoun : the utterances it introduces accept a different modality from the previous sentence, i.e. the interrogative modality.


The prevalence of symptomatic urinary tract infections [UTI] and/or asymptomatic bacteriuria in female diabetic patients has been reported as increased or unchanged 2,7,8 compared to non-diabetic subjects. Suggested mechanisms for the greater susceptibility of the diabetic urinary tract to infection include decreased antibacterial activity of the urine as a result of dilution of inhibitory substances such as urea, defects in polymorphonuclear leukocyte function or cellular immunity as a result of hyperglycaemia and increased adhesive capacity of bladder epithelium. The infection rate is not influenced by duration or type of diabetes mellitus nor by the quality of diabetic control in non-pregnant patients.


Peach gum is a natural gum exudate secreted from a peach tree (Prunus persica) from a process known as physiological gummosis. Peach gum is a natural biopolymer that is composed of acidic polysaccharides with a high percentage of arabinose and galactose subunit, which classifies it as an arabinogalactan.

 This review summarizes the compositions, chemical structures, physical properties, biological properties of peach gum, and its potential biotechnological applications.

Literature search was performed using Google Scholar using keywords such as Peach Gum, Prunus persica. Only articles written in English and articles with downloadable full-texts were included in this review.

Peach gum polysaccharides possess antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-diabetic, and hypolipidemic properties. Excellent emulsification properties of PGP show it has potential to be employed as a food-grade emulsifier.

PGP exhibits excellent emulsification, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic properties. As plastic pollution has become an alarming global issue, PGP could be a promising edible raw material in the field of bioplastic research and development.


The governing equations of two-phase flows including gas and polymer melt are presented, which are solved using finite volume and domain extension methods with SIMPLEC technology. The melt filling and primary gas penetration in gas-assisted injection molding (GAIM) process are simulated, where the Crossviscosity model is employed to describe the melt rheological behavior, and the CLSVOF(coupled Level Set and Volume of fluid) method is employed to capture the moving interfaces. In order to test and verify the coupled methods, melt filling in a rectangular plate with an insert is simulated, and the numerical results are in good agreement with those of the experiment. As a case study, the melt filling and gas penetration processes in a ring-shaped channel are simulated. The numerical results successfully depict some important phenomena, such as race-tracking effect, corner effect and the flow asymmetry of the gas penetration, which can deepen the understanding and studying of the GAIM process.


The article is dedicated to the State security officers who were at the head of NKVD-NKGB Departments in West Siberia during the Great Patriotic War. The article is based on the little-known and recent biographical facts. The author made an attempt to compare life stories of heads of NKVD-NKGB Departments in Novosibirsk, Kemerovo and Tomsk regions to estimate their professional skills in 1941-1945.


Crisis communication and advertising communication are a priori diametrically opposed. Advertising is not the appropriate tool in times of crisis, but offers prospects that other tools do not possess. Despite its many faults, advertising can help a ″classic″ crisis communication. We will try to confront the general conclusions drawn about the relevance of the crisis advertising, with a particular situation, the global automotive market, customizing by the study of the crisis advertising played by the brand BMW. We will base our observations on a corpus of advertisements issued within the crisis global campaign ″Joy is BMW″, confronted with a renowned campaign conducted by BMW Group in 2001 and 2002, ″The Hire″.


CFRP(Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic) composite pressure vessel was calculated using finite element program of ANSYS for their mechanical characteristics in this paper. The elastic-plastic model and elements of Solid95 were selected for aluminium alloys of gas cylinder. Also liner-elastic model and layer elements of Shell99 were adopted for carbon fibre/epoxy resin. The stress state of CFRP composite pressure vessel was calculated under different internal pressures include pre-stressing pressures, working pressures, test hydraulic pressures, minimum destructive pressures etcetera to determine the size of gas cylinder and layer parameter of carbon fibre. The mechanical characteristics CFRP composite vessel could were using to design and test of gas cylinder. Numerical results showed that finite element model and calculating method were efficient for study of CFRP gas cylinder and useful for engineering design.


To introduce the reaction mechanism,process flow and process control points of steel wire dipping phosphating,online phosphating and electrolytic phosphating.The factors affecting phosphate film coating thickness and quality were analyzed.The drawing speed of continuous straight line wire drawing machine is controlled 6~8 m/s,phosphating film thickness is 8~12 μm.The suggestion of choosing phosphating treatment way was given:(1)wire rod should choose dipping phosphating.(2)diameter 1.5~2.5 mm semi-finished steel wire drawn with water tank should choose online phosphating.(3)diameter 2.5~4.0 mm semi-finished steel wire drawn with straight line wire drawing machine should choose electrolytic phosphating.


What is cultural studies? popular culture as serious business Marxist theories of culture the Frankfurt School's aesthetic politics the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies poststructuralism and postmodernism on culture feminist cultural studies needs, values and cultural criticism deprogramming the cult of cultural studies cultural studies as everyday life in the society of the spectacle.


Composite ceramics of alumina mixed with up to 50vol% titanium carbide whiskers were fabricated by hot-pressing at 1600°C under 30MPa for 30min. The mechanical properties and the cutting perfomance for cast iron or carbon steel of the hot-pressed bodies were studied. Dense composites with relative densities above 98% were obtained at whisker content with up to 40vol%. The composite containing 20vol% whiskers showed the highest bending strength of around 560MPa. Increasing whisker content decreased the elastic modulus, but increased the Vickers hardness and the fracture toughness. The composite mixed with 20vol% or 30vol% titanium carbide whiskers was found to be capable of having the cutting performance similar to the available ceramic composite cutting tools such as titanium carbide particle/alumina composite and silicon carbide whisker/alumina composite.


Observation of photoluminescence from spin triplet states of excitons bound to interstitial carbon-oxygen complexes (Ci-Oi) in silicon is reported. New luminescence peak labeled as CT line emerges at the energy 2.64 meV below the well-known luminescence from the no-phonon transition of a Ci-Oi singlet state situating at 790 meV (C line). Observations of local vibrational modes associated with CT line and the temperature dependence of the relative intensity between CT and C lines lead to unambiguous identification of CT line as the no-phonon line from Ci-Oi defects. In addition, the host silicon isotope shift of CT line is equal to that of C line, indicating that CT line is no-phonon luminescence as well. Furthermore, our photoluminescence measurements carried out in magnetic field show that CT line is associated with an isotropic spin triplet state due to quenching of orbital angular momentum of the hole composing the bound exciton.


Purpose: The research project "Sustainability in Facilities Management" addresses the challenge of integrating sustainability in facilities management of existing facilities, to achieve measured improvement of environmental and social performance, to fulfil strategic responsibilities and create shared value. The paper presents a pilot case study on sustainability in facilities management and is intended for a mixed audience of practitioners and researchers. It draws upon the case study findings to establish a baseline of performance and presents practical management implications of integrating sustainability in facilities management (FM). Design, methodology and approach: The approach uses an action-oriented research methodology as a means of co-generation of knowledge on realization of sustainability in FM. Case studies take a phased, multi-method approach including organizational profiling, stakeholder interviews, focus groups, usability evaluations and practiceresearch workshops. The Technical University of Denmark (DTU) is the pilot case of an international collaboration, and more studies are planned to follow. Findings: The paper presents a framework for qualitative research on Sustainable Facilities Management (SFM), which can guide future research on Sustainability in FM and increase comparability between case studies. The research identifies the challenges and opportunities for integrating ecological, social and economical sustainability in university FM. The paper presents the analysis and conclusions of the pilot case study in the period 2011-2012, including reflections of the case study framework and methodology. Practical implications: FM can play an important role in the transition towards sustainable FM, and this paper presents the lessons learned in the pilot study with conclusions drawn from both practice and research. The lessons learned at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) are particularly relevant for universities and other public building owners, their Facilities Managers and consultants. Research limitations and implications: The paper is based on literature studies, qualitative research and the preliminary analysis of a single, pilot case study of The Technical University of Denmark. Progress with the other complementary cases will be included in the presentation. The cases should be supplemented by more research on sustainable facilities management. Originality and value: The paper is based on action research to establish a collaborative framework in late 2011 and the findings of the pilot study, and have not been published before.


Recently, cannabis use has been increasingly legalized and decriminalized. In light of this change, this study reviewed the legitimacy of punishability of cannabis use. Specifically, this study critically analyzed the needs and the legal basis of punishability of cannabis use that are not assuming infringement of others' legal interests, and acquisition and possession of cannabis for individual use in Germany. National health is recognized as a legal interest of the current drug law of Germany(BtMG). In the legal interest of the national health, the criminal protection has been changed to the abstract and universal protection of legal interests that is directed to protection of functions and values of the nation and communities. This resulted in eliminating the restriction function of punishability in the criminal law and the legislators. And the paternalistic character of national health implies, and individual and social harmfulness of cannabis use that is assumed infringement of legal interest on others were criticized. Therefore, it hardly asserts that the legal interest of national health was established the legal interest of the criminal law that meets a minimum requirement for decriminalization in a punishability perspective. Also, in order to demonstrate whether criminal punishment on cannabis use is valid for protection of legal interests, this study reviewed the cases of decriminalization on cannabis acquisition and possession. The current legally regulated cannabis markets in the Netherlands, the Colorado State and the Washington State in the United States can be adequate models to replace criminal punishment with. Hence, Germany needs to legalize and decriminalize cannabis use. Specifically, this relates to expurgate cannabis from the Schedule 1 of the current drug law of Germany(BtMG) or abolish the regulations of the punishment on acquisition and possession of a small dose of cannabis for individual use. This indicates proactiveness for individual cannabis use is not penalized according to the criminal law. Also, the regulated delivery system for cannabis to supply legally a small dose of cannabis for individual use is needed. The results of this study suggest that there is a need to initiate social discussion on legitimacy and adequacy of legal punishment on individual cannabis use in Korea. Further, it is crucial to examine a paradigm shift of the cannabis policy toward decriminalization of individual cannabis use.


This paper deals with what debt-equity swaps are, how they work, the main participants in the market where debt-equity swaps are carried out, and how the price for LDC debt is determined in this market. The author's findings are that the price is indeed determined by market forces (and not by psychological factors). The main conclusion is that debt-equity swaps may represent a useful tool for "buying time" while waiting for both the LDCs and the developed countries to undertake policies aimed at the easing of the foreign debt burden in the LDCs. Copyright 1989 by WWZ and Helbing & Lichtenhahn Verlag AG


A traveller stayed here at the Herberge last night. I sat and listened as he told stories to my father and anyone else who would listen. He drank ale and as the night drew on the stories became more and more fantastic. This serial is available in Kunapipi: http://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol11/iss2/9


Through online investigation,the thesis reviews the construction of digital resources of the vocational college libraries in Hebei province.Result shows that the literature retrieval is quite mature,and that CDs packed with books,newspapers and periodicals are given priorities as construction of library resources including reader training and services.Libraries vary,each remaining independent of others.Therefore,more investiment is to be given to the scaled construction of library digital resources.


Objective to review the experience with the diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma. Methods The clinical data of 14 cases of pheochromocytoma underwent surgical excision between 1994-2000 were studied. Results Pheochromocytoma of 12 cases were benign(85.7%) and the other two were malignant(14.3%). After excision of the tumor the blood pressure of the patients became normal except two. Conclusions The definite diagnosis and proper preparation before operation are quite important. Surgical management is the only way for cure.


J-PARC Facilities were seriously damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, but all facilities resumed a beam operation from December 2012. Beam commissioning results indicated that the beam loss and the residual dose at injection area in the RCS were reduced to less than 20% of before the earthquake. This result owed to new collimator at injection area. The losses and residual doses of other area were almost same level as before the earthquake.


Recently since exploiting vulnerabilities in user application is becoming very difficult, vulnerabilities in Linux kernel have been paid more and more attention, especially the use-after-free vulnerabilities gained the most focus. However, there lacks a completion theory to exploit use-after-free vulnerabilities. The key to exploit UAF vulnerability is how to refill the freed object, because those days that the space just freed will be occupied firstly is gone. We propose a strategy to exploit the use-after-free vulnerabilities by continuously allocating objects. And to promote the efficiency and success rate, we present a technique by parallelly refilling objects with multiple threads and monitor. We also make a simulation experiment to verify the effectiveness of our theory. At last we give some mitigations to this attack.


Digital reading applications give readers the ability to customize fonts, sizes, and spacings, all of which have been shown to improve the reading experience for readers from different demographics. However, tweaking these text features can be challenging, especially given their interactions on the final look and feel of the text. Our solution is to offer readers preset combinations of font, character, word and line spacing, which we bundle together into reading themes. To arrive at a recommended set of reading themes, we present our THERIF pipeline, which combines crowdsourced text adjustments, ML-driven clustering of text formats, and design sessions. We show that after four iterations of our pipeline, we converge on a set of three COR themes (Compact, Open, and Relaxed) that meet diverse readers' preferences, when evaluating the reading speeds, comprehension scores, and preferences of hundreds of readers with and without dyslexia, using crowdsourced experiments.


An on-chip high-frequency sinusoidal signal generator with a calibration circuit based on a coarse-fine delay cell is presented in this work. The proposed signal generator is based on harmonic cancellation by adding scaled and time-shifted versions of a periodic signal. However, as we increase the target frequency of the generated signal, harmonic cancellation can be severely degraded by timing issues, degrading in turn the spectral purity of the generated signal. This paper proposes an architecture of a harmonic cancellation-based sinusoidal signal generator including a calibration circuit. The calibration circuit is based on a coarse-fine delay cell that can correct timing inaccuracies. Postlayout simulations of the proposed generator in FD-SOI 28 nm technology show a THD better than −60 dB in the frequency range from 173 MHz to 2 GHz.


Different molar ratio of HfB2 and ZrB2 had been mixed, and 30 vol.% SiC was selected as sintering additives. The mixing powders were sintered by hot pressing at 1900 °C for 1 h under a pressure of 20 MPa in Ar atmosphere. X-ray diffraction, scanning microscopy and Archimedes's method were used to characterize the phase, microstructure and density of the sintered composites. Meanwhile, the hardness, the fracture toughness and flexural strength of the obtained composites were considered too. It can be found that the (Zr,Hf)B2 solid solutions were formed by HfB2 and ZrB2 during the sintering. The flexural strength of (Zr,Hf)B2-SiC composites increased with the amount of HfB2 increasing, which reached (332±40) MPa for the composites content of 70% HfB2. Which fracture toughness was (2.22±0.25) MPa·m1/2. The highest Vickers' harness of was (24.8±3.4) GPa for the composites content of 50% HfB2.


Selective and sensitive nitro explosive detection by a porous luminescent metal-organic framework has been reported. For the first time MOF based selective explosive detection in the presence of other nitro analytes in aqueous media is demonstrated.


Far from bringing peace and prosperity, as prophesized Francis Fukuyama, the 20 century has witnessed how the classical structures of capitalism are renovated and reinvented to a new form. This is an ethical point of departure that has concerned many academicians and much scholarship in the world. The book Violencia de Texto, Violencia de Contexto authored by Freddy Timmermann not only gives a fresh alternative to understand the current problems of terrorism, but also reveals the connection between democracy and the crisis of republic. While the sciences of biology have forged ahead in leaps and bounds the field of ethics has been undermined in West.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze from a eco-literary viewpoint how Ryu Oe Hyang's poetic narrators can overcome incoherence of realistic life and temerity or fetishism of modern civilization, and eventually invigorate 'mean field' filled with 'starved wind' into the original site of immortal life through the multiple imagery of 'field' and 'wind'" in Flower Bed of Green Hands. The 'field' in this poetry is a very unique poetic space originated from the situation where poetic narrators intend to escape from the civilized world, while wandering on the borderline between material modernity and ecological origin. Poetic narrators are eager to be converted into the spirituality of divine nature through the paradoxical dynamism of 'starved wind'. All-creatures immanent in Ryu's field where pretentious and deceptive mind and behavior have disappeared, become to take part in a blissful ritual for rain, and thereafter eroticism of pregnancy and incubation is rolling in the field. Ryu's field can be regarded as a eco-oriented place, in which all the absurd things hostile to one another perform an exorcism of reconciliation and eventually experience enchantment of immortality.


This report presents the results of two ferrocyanide propagating reaction generated aerosol tests, conducted as a part of a series of tests directed by Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC). The tests discussed in this document are designated as T0208-1 and T0209-1. The tests were carried out in a 49 L containment volume equipped with an aerosol filter housing. The test setup is described in Section 2.0. Each test used an {approx} 50 gm. sample of InFarm-1 bottom flow sheet material which was vacuum dried, screened through a 140 mesh sieve, and rehydrated to 1 wgt. % water content prior to testing. The test sample and reaction ignition method are described in Section 3.0. A special test protocol was defined and followed for the tests as described in Section 4.0 and Appendix B. Test results are discussed in Section 5.0. Both tests yielded a significant aerosol sample on the filter element. These filter elements and aerosol deposits have been sent to WHC for analysis, and any information as to the content or chemical composition of the trapped particulate material awaits the results of WHC efforts in this regard. The reaction propagation tests were conducted at 60{degrees}C and 120{degrees}C respectively. The average propagationmore » velocities are consistent with other related observations.« less


We propose and demonstrate a scheme for two-dimensional terahertz reflection imaging based on a phase-retrieval algorithm. This enables us to obtain simultaneously topographic images and the dielectric functions of a structured sample.


In the Islamic law (Fiqh) tradition, "Kitab Kuning" is one of reference in establishing the law. In this context, Kitab Kuning should have the authority to establish law in judicial institutions that implement the Shari'ah system, as is the Syari'ah Court of Lhokseumawe, Aceh. However, the facts show that the judges at the Syar'iyah Court of Lhokseumawe Aceh only referred to legislation as a reference in deciding cases. This article will discuss how the pattern of judges' decision-making and how the position of the Kitab Kuning in making decisions at the Syar'iyah Court of Lhokseumawe? This research is field research and classified as qualitative with a normative juridical approach and empirical sociological approach. This study found that the judge collects various facts that have been submitted by the plaintiff and the defendant, then holds a deliberation to terminate the case to purge general matters to be specific. The Kitab Kuning authority in making decisions at the Mahkamah Syar'iyah of Lhokseumawe is in a position parallel to al-quran and hadith, as a material source. because the source of the decisions of the judges at the Syar'iyah Court of Lhokseumawe came from the PA Act of 1974, the presidential instruction in 1991, and the judicial law in 1970 (formal sources). However, the 3 sources of law in each decision are inspired by the legal descriptions of Kitab Kuning through the Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI). Thus the judges should no longer refer to the Kitab Kuning when deciding the case. Because the formal and material laws that apply in the Religious Courts are available and have permanent legal force and the requirements proclaimed by the government are worthy of review.


In a real world application an image from a stabilized sensor on a moving platform will not be 100 percent stabilized. There will always be a small unknown error in the stabilization due to factors such as dynamic deformations in the structure between sensor and reference Inertial Navigation Unit, servo inaccuracies, etc. For a high resolution imaging sensor this stabilization error causes the image to move several pixels in unknown direction between frames. TO be able to detect and track small moving objects from such a sensor, this unknown movement of the sensor image must be estimated. An algorithm that searches for land contours in the image has been evaluated. The algorithm searches for high contrast points distributed over the whole image. As long as moving objects in the scene only cover a small area of the scene, most of the points are located on solid ground. By matching the list of points from frame to frame, the movement of the image due to stabilization errors can be estimated and compensated. The point list is searched for points with diverging movement from the estimated stabilization error. These points are then assumed to be located on moving objects. Points assumed to be located on moving objects are gradually exchanged with new points located in the same area. Most of the processing is performed on the list of points and not on the complete image. The algorithm is therefore very fast and well suited for real time implementation. The algorithm has been tested on images from an experimental IR scanner. Stabilization errors were added artificially to the image such that the output from the algorithm could be compared with the artificially added stabilization errors.


Shaximiao Formation sandstone reservoir contains 5%-8% (Max. 18%) laumonite cement. Studies of casting thin sections, SEM, electronic probe and organic inclusion in the reservoir suggest that the laumonite cement was formed mainly in B period of early diagenesis. The acidic igneous grains altered in alkaline formation water, supply Si, Ai, Ca, and caused the laumonite cement in sandstone pores. In A period of late diagenesis, organic matter from Lianggaoshan and Daanzhai Formation source rocks were discarboxylated to organic acid, migrated up along faults or fractures to the channel sand of Shaximiao Formation and eroded the laumonite cement. The laumonite dissolving porosity is generated. Exploration results demonstrate that the hydrocarbon of Jurassic reservoir mainly accumulated in the laumonite dissolved pores.


Both kinds of 10cm diameter thermionic dispenser cathode have been fabricated at BVERI. One is impregnated scandate(I-Sc) cathode and the other is traditional Ir-coated "M" cathode with 411 impregnant. Figure1 is the photograph of Φ10cm cathode assembly. The scandate cathode can deliver the same density as "M" cathode but 80–100°C lower in temperature, though it needs higher vacuum than "M" cathode.


This paper explains the nine verses of section 14 comprising verses 113 to 121. The theme or central idea of this paper is that all directions are directions of God Almighty and main thing is to believe in Him and obey him and to play your role in the most excellent manner on this earth which is vast and the mercy of God is also very vast and open to forgive and receive His servants if they repent and mend. Faculties of thinking must be utilized as nothing is irrational or unreasonable or futile or meaningless. All a man needs has been provided in many ways and to ponder and explore is now his function. Be it art and science main thing is service of humanity and keeping the focus straight all the time that there is accountability and there is no escape from it in any circumstance. Error do happen but the door of Pardon is kept open for those who are not arrogant or unmindful of the Creator.


We study the temporal evolution of a planar interface that separates two coexisting phases, after it becomes morphologically unstable. We solve numerically the interface equation of motion of the one-sided model in two dimensions. Evidence is presented for the appearance of a regime of self-similar growth in which the evolving pattern is characterized by a single, time-dependent length scale, {ital R}({ital t}), in agreement with earlier similar studies in the two-sided symmetric model. We have implemented a renormalization procedure to obtain the asymptotic time dependence of {ital R}({ital t}). We find {ital R}({ital t}){similar to}{ital t} at sufficiently long times. We also show that the asymptotic scaling behavior is determined by the driving term in the equations of motion. This term is proportional to the flux externally imposed ahead of the moving interface. The stabilizing contribution, which is proportional to the capillary length, is shown to be irrelevant for the large-scale behavior. We finally study the effects introduced by anisotropic surface tension and show that the asymptotic behavior of the system remains unchanged.


Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has two key attacks Compromised-node and denial-of-service. The data delivery mechanisms in such node has high probability to avoid black holes formed by these attacks. The classic multipath routing approaches that are vulnerable to such attacks, mainly due to their deterministic nature. So once the adversary acquires the routing algorithm, it shares the routes known to the source, hence making all information sent over these routes vulnerable to its attacks. In this paper, we proposed a new mechanisms that generate randomized multi-path routes and fend off such attacks are succeed. Using such designs, the different packets change over time by the shared routers. So even if adversary knowns the routing algorithm, the adversary still cannot identify the routes traversed by each packet. The generated routes are extremely dispersive and energy efficient, making them expert to avoid black holes. We formulate an optimized solution to minimize the energy consumption under given security limitations. Extensive simulations are conducted to verify the validity of the mechanisms which is novel, secure and efficient routing protocol.


This paper put forward a proposal to construct an integrated a social work system devoted to the rehabilitation of the disabled from the Strength Perspective.Social work conducted through cases,groups and communities can be brought into the medical care,education,and professional and social advancement of the disabled.Psycho-social therapy mode,human therapy mode,family therapy mode from social case work; interactive mode,social target mode from social group work and community work integrated with rehabilitation of the disabled effectively,construct a network of aid.


ntemporary migration research and public de- bate in Europe have concentrated primarily on migration from outside Europe, especially from Asian and African countries to Europe (Castro- Martin & Cortina 2015). Tis is especially notice- able  when  they  concern  transnational  families and family reunifications (including marriage mi- gration), and issues related to refugees and asy- lum seekers. Particular migrant groups and their descendants (e.g. Turks, Moroccans, Pakistanis, Somalis,  Kurds),  and  especially  Muslims,  have attracted much of the attention, partly because they form a considerably visible and one of the largest migrant communities in many European countries.1  However,  issues  such  as  migrants' integration into countries of settlement, experi- enced racism and discrimination, conceived and supposed  cultural  differences  (e.g.  in  religion, marriage practices, gender roles etc.), and a po- litical climate that supports more restrictive mi- gration policies in many European countries seem to  direct  migration  research  towards  a  concen- tration on certain migrant groups and especially problem-  and  conflict-centered  themes.  Tis  is not to say that the aforementioned approaches and issues are irrelevant and not worthy of re- search. Te point here is that when research fo- cuses merely on migration from other parts of the world to Europe, it may also simplify our under- standing of the complexity of experiences of mi- gration and issues of integration and belonging.


Asynchronous Mixed-Model Assembly lines are common production layouts dedicated to large-scale manufacturing of similar products. Cyclically scheduling such products is an interesting strategy to obtain high and stable throughput. In order to best optimise these lines, it is necessary to combine line balancing, model sequencing, and buffer allocation. However, few works integrate these three degrees of freedom, and evaluating steady-state performance as a consequence of these decisions is challenging. This paper presents a mathematical model that allows an exact steady-state performance evaluation of these lines, and hence their optimisation. While the combination of degrees of freedom is advantageous, it is also computational costly. An iterative decomposition procedure based on alternation between two mathematical models and on optimality cuts is also presented. The decomposition is tested against the proposed mathematical model in a 700-instance dataset. The developed methods obtained 142 optimal answers. Results show that the decomposition outperforms the monolithic mathematical model, in particular for larger and harder instances in terms of solution quality. The optimality cuts are also shown to help the decomposition steps in terms of solution quality and time. Comparisons to a sequential procedure further demonstrate the importance of simultaneously optimising the three degrees of freedom, as both the proposed model and the decomposition outperformed such procedure.


This research suggested some concrete methods aiming at common problems in nursing management.Hospital Nursing Information System(HNIS) was developed based on Hospital Information System.HNIS consists of six subsystems. The information of these subsystems can be used each other and can be transmitted quickly.HNIS can carry out the research. The nurse's work programs have been normalized and work efficiency has been raised. The costs of management have been reduced.


Modeling of collision processes of colliding bodies with different properties is of particular theoretical and practical interest e.g. for modeling of plastic deformation processes. Best results regarding the parameters of the collision processes (forces, stress, strain, duration of contact, etc.) are obtained using the finite elements method (FEM). This paper presents the results of FEM modeling of the collision process after a free fall of a sphere on an elastic‐plastic plate of specific dimensions under the additional application of an external force. Two cases are described: the application of an external force during the time of contact of the colliding bodies, and without application of an external force. Correlations were obtained for the change of the strength of the impact, the stress and strain as function of time for the sphere and the plate. The strain of the plate were defined for various values of the external force. These results allow us to define the conditions, necessary to perform the s...


Abstract After 6 months, children require increased food and nutrient intake from complementary food for their growth and development. However, quantitative data on macro and micronutrient intakes from complementary food is limited. Thus, this study is designed to identify the adequacy of energy and micronutrient intake from complementary foods among children aged 6–23 months and to characterize current feeding practice in Southern Ethiopia. A community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from February to March 2016. Simple random sampling was used to recruit 190 mothers/primary caregivers of children aged 6–23 months. A repeated interactive multiple‐pass 24‐hr recall survey was used to assess' food and nutrient intake of children. Complementary food was low in animal sources, fruits, and vegetables. Most of the children (94.7%) consume grain, roots, and tubers. Vitamin A‐rich fruits and vegetables are consumed by 71 (37.8%) children. Very few (1.6%) children consume iron‐fortified food. Median protein intake exceeds the estimated requirement from complementary food. Except for vitamin B2 and B6, intake of energy and micronutrient were below world health organization (WHO) recommendations among children aged 9–23 months. In conclusion, infant and young child feeding practices in Butajira district did not conform to recommendations. Intake of energy and micronutrient from complementary food among children aged 6–23 months in Butajira district was inadequate. Consumption of a diverse diet by including animal source food (ASF) such as poultry, organ meat, chicken liver, beef, fruits, and vegetables is needed to fill the nutrient intake gap among the study participant.


The influence of margin status on the survival of patients with hepatoblastoma (HB) remains controversial. Here, we report long‐term follow‐up outcomes of 26 patients with HB who underwent hepatectomy with positive microscopic margins. Although these patients had microscopic residuals, the 5‐year overall survival and event‐free survival rates of those who had no metastases or macrovascular involvement (MVI) were 86.7% and 80.8%, respectively. This may support the hypothesis that patients with HB who undergo hepatectomy with positive microscopic residuals but without MVI or metastases can also achieve satisfactory survival rate. Further studies in this field are required.


This paper studies the delay-dependent stability problems of neural networks with time-delays. Firstly, in order to make the constructed function contain more useful information, this paper introduces three types of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional terms to construct an improved Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Then, based on the improved Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and reciprocal convex integral inequalities, some less conservative stability criteria are derived for the considered neural networks. Finally, a well-known numerical example is provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed stability criteria.


The turning out of reunion island statute from a government colony to a French overseas department in 1946 was seen as a major event, politically, historically and above all culturally speaking. Indeed from then on, the island became part and parcel of France and consequently French citizenship was granted to a multi-ethnic people sharing all the same language in every day life, that is to say Creole which developed from various backgrounds. The geographical location of Reunion Island makes it a land of utmost importance from a geostrategical point of view. Thus the local government never fails to enhance patriotic feelings as regards the mother country i. E. France. However, it seems that the awareness of a Reunionese identity is irreversibly being developed and strengthened. Mass media have become highly important in the cultural changes that followed. However, the process of media transcription is more often misapplied for various reasons, and, on the whole when compared to the mother country, Reunion Island means of communications tend to be worlds apart.


In this study, a dialect of Iraqi that is spoken in the western Iraqi town of Kubeisa is examined. With regard to Standard English and Modern Standard Arabic, it does an auditory analysis for phonemes in isolation which include consonants and vowels. It has not previously given significant attention by scholars despite having a range of phonological features compared to other dialects spoken in western Iraq in particular and Iraq in general. This may be because Kubeisa is a small town located outside of metropolitan areas and is still considered a "virgin territory," necessitating analysis and research into the dialect used by its residents in relation to SE and MSA. The auditory analysis of the segmental phonemes of KIA with reference to SE and MSA was the focus of the current study's explanatory qualitative design, which involved gathering and analyzing qualitative data. The analysis of taped content, comprising sentences and words said by KIA speakers using a tape-recording equipment, is the focus of the current work. According to Peter Roach's idea of the segmental phonemes, which is a branch of segmental phonology, speech is broken down into phonemes (or segmental phonemes), which generally correspond to the phonetic components of the examined speech. In order to determine how this dialect differs from Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and how it differs from the utterances chosen for examination, MSA was also consulted in this research.
  For this empirical study, the spontaneous speech of people who speak KIA was recorded in a natural setting. Relevant conclusions were reached based on the data analysis and findings. There are specific characteristics that set KIA apart from SE. This thesis found that speakers of KIA use CCs in middle positions of words more often than in initial or ending positions, that MSA and KIA speakers use less vowel sounds than speakers of SE.


The paper examines twenty years' historical experience an the independent state - the Republic of Turkmenistan in securing the national security during the post-Soviet period in 1991-2011. Five Ph. D. Theses of Central Asian researchers, covering issues of the national, regional and international security policies, are analyzed. The main constitutional and legislative instruments which regulate the operation of the national security system are looked into. The main focus is external and internal threats in new geopolitical requirements. The structure and functions of the representative, legislative and executive bodies of the Republic are described as well as the personal role of the President in protection of national interests. It is emphasized that the country upholds permanent neutrality and builds up an up-to-date national army. The Armed Forces posture and readiness are examined. Characteristic features of the Republic's foreign policy implementation in Central Asia and elsewhere are identified. The engagement of Turkmenistan in regional and international organizations is highlighted. Laws regulating military service, staff training for the Ministry of Defense and the national defense setting are reviewed. The defensive nature of the Republic's military policy is emphasized. Today's military risks and threats to national security are described. The military cooperation with the Russian Federation, the USA, the NATO, the UN, the CIS, the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is analyzed. The Republic is ready to take part in international humanitarian and relief operations. Specific examples of the relationship with Ukraine in the military field are given. The role and place of the Republic of Turkmenistan in Central Asia and in the world are summarized. Turkmenistan guarantees its security by permanent neutrality which is recognized by the UN member countries.


A huge hoard of Almohad ( Muwaḥḥid ) coins was found in Priego de Cordoba (Cordoba, Spain) in 1959. It contains several thousands of silver coins and is kept in the Archeological and Ethnological Museum of Cordoba. The hoard provides archeological evidences that Qarṭaŷanna and Bāguh, so far unregistered in Almohad coins, must be added to the list of Andalusi mints of that period. After identifying the two names of towns as Cartagena (Murcia, Spain) and Priego de Cordoba, the hypothesis that the Almohad authorities issued series of coins as commemoration of relevant political or religious events is maintained.


Abstract Objective: Compared with standard wines, low-alcohol wines may have several social and health benefits. Innovative production processes have led to high-quality light wines. It is, however, unclear how consumers perceive and consume these alcohol-reduced wines. The current study aimed to investigate how people evaluate low-alcohol wine (Sauvignon Blanc) and if the reduction in alcohol and the information that a wine is low in alcohol influences consumption. Design: Randomised controlled trial (RCT). Setting: Participants were invited to a wine tasting and randomised into one of the three conditions: they either tasted a 'new white wine' (12·5 % alcohol content), a 'new low-alcohol white wine' (8·0 % alcohol content) or they tasted the low-alcohol wine but were not aware that the wine was reduced in alcohol (low-alcohol, blinded). Participants: Ninety participants (42 % male, mean age = 41 (sd 14) years). Results: Mean comparisons showed similar ratings for the low-alcohol conditions and the standard alcohol condition (mean > 5·6/7). The mean consumed amount across all conditions did not differ (162 (sd 71) ml, (F2,86 = 0·43, P > 0·05)), hence people who tasted the low-alcohol wine consumed approximately 30 % less alcohol. However, participants were willing to pay more for the normal wine compared with the low-alcohol wine, (F2,87 = 3·14, P < 0·05). Conclusions: Participants did not alter their drinking behaviour in response to the reduced alcohol content, and the low-alcohol wine was perceived positively. There might be an emerging market potential for wine of reduced alcohol content, but consumers may not be willing to pay the same price as for the standard wine.


In December 2019, the rising incidence of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel Corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) infections in Wuhan, Hubei province, China has gained global interest. Due to an outrageous cluster of COVID-19 reported cases, the health authorities of Wuhan have locked down the wholesale market of seafood (the place where live and wild animals are sold) because of suspected cases connection with epidemic.1 Similarly, its rapid dissemination around the worldwide created an emergency of lock down in many countries. Pakistan was also listed as one of the affected countries. First lock down in Pakistan on March 20, 2020 to April 3rd which is now officially extended to April 14, 2020.


The thin red giant branch (RGB) of the Carina dwarf spheroida l galaxy appears at first sight quite puzzling and seemingly in contrast with the presence of several disti nct bursts of star formation. In this Letter, we provide a measurement of the color spread of red giant stars in Carina based on newBVI wide-field observations, and model the width of the RGB by means of synthetic color-magnit ude diagrams. The measured color spread, σV −I = 0.021±0.005, is quite naturally accounted for by the star-formation history of the galaxy. The thin RGB appears to be essentially related to the limited age range of its dominant stellar populations, with no need for a metallicity dispersion at a given age. This result is relat ively robust with respect to changes in the assumed age-metallicity relation, as long as the mean metallicity o ver the galaxy lifetime matches the observed value ([Fe/H]= −1.91± 0.12 after correction for the age effects). This analysis of ph otometric data also sets some constraints on the chemical evolution of Carina by indicati ng that the chemical abundance of the interstellar medium in Carina remained low throughout each episode of sta r formation even though these episodes occurred over many Gyr. Subject headings: galaxies: individual (Carina) — galaxies: dwarf — galaxies : volution — galaxies: stellar content — Local Group


A novel distributed fiber grating strain sensor system based on optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR) principle is proposed.The spatial domain addressing and wavelength demodulation of the fiber gratings is implemented according to Fourier transform.The strain sensor system cascaded 20 fiber Bragg gratings(FBG) has been numerical investigated.The results demonstrated the strains of demodulation was close to the same with actual result.So the strain distributed measurement with high resolution could be achieved.


A recent theoretical paper by Shi et al. [Phys. Rev. A 61, 064102 (2000)] proposes a scheme for entanglement swapping utilizing acousto-optic modulators without requiring a Bell-state measurement. In this Comment, we show that the proposal is flawed and no entanglement swapping can occur without measurement.


: Sweat chloride analysis is one of the important approaches in cystic fibrosis diagnosis. The commonly used Macroduct method to acquire sweat samples is semi-invasive, time consuming and expensive. Furthermore, this method often fails to collect a sufficient amount of sweat in newborns due to the insufficient sweating rate. In this work, we present a novel, simple, 3D-printed sampling device that is used to collect sweat specimens completely noninvasively in less than one minute. The device has a flow-through channel adjacent to the skin surface, through which 500 µ L of deionized water is flushed and the spontaneously formed sweat on the skin in the channel area is washed into a plastic vial. The developed skin-wash procedure is a single step operation, is completely noninvasive and it always produces a sweat specimen. The ions from the skin-wash are subsequently analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and selected ion ratio (Cl − /K + ) or ((Cl − + Na + )/K + ) is used as a cut-off value to diagnose cystic fibrosis patients with sensitivity and specificity comparable to the conventional Macroduct method.


In this paper, an approach to the fault detection of mix-valued Probabilistic Boolean Networks (PBN) is proposed. The key of the design is an observer, which is able to estimate the probabilistic distribution of the state vector of the PBN. Moreover, a way for converting stochastic automata into PBN is given, in order to widen the application areas. The fault detection scheme is evaluated with technical and biological examples.


The methods of hiding information developed for steganography have evolved in the direction of increasing the volume of embedded data, imperceptibility and reliability, preserving the quality of the digital image to go unnoticed. The essential methods combined symmetric or asymmetric cryptography to find security techniques. The purpose of this paper is to show different approaches used for steganography; an exciting combination of mathematical algorithms is taught to keep the essential principles of hiding information. This paper shows a compilation on the development and application of different steganography methods that have been presented in the area of information security to analyze the progress that has been made, encompassing validation methods of steganography techniques, which include metrics of quality such as PSNR, MSE, SSIM among others and statistical techniques such as analysis by histogram, RS, chi-square, among others; these techniques are great importance because they set the standard to verify the reliability and robustness of signal that contains hidden message.


inajityjbf -disesses, and despebialky forn Mfedtiouc sq,ifai.tt -1* olllined dtll ,re'Aave found out their iauea.Jnd, u e ,; B pat, frm 'this ,I imagine we a debaeean verycesise;b)e idte from the discovery of the comnuba s. ithi0k, firtgiohwQw Ws -,( -RWle itin a diagnostic direeties. It,is high-y imiprtant tht a vrreetdiagnosisshod:be ttaken of t first e*se whih scour in a couatry' or IocalityAccording to my view, by.shovingthepne oe orabsence, of chlera-baoi1i, *e can say, with cetainty whether, we ave cholera before inSor noL This seems to me to be a vbry esentialadvantage, I further tink that, after having become acquainted with th-e real causeof te disease and its qualities, the etiology of cholera can be constrtcted on definite and fixed lines, and that weshall st length get rid of many contradictions. We shal now obtain a firm,basis for an unifoim action -that knows the end at which it is aiming. I anticiipatespeciil;advantage from the obeervation that comma-bacilli are killed by being dried. iIt is true 'that the fact that the infectious 'matt8r of cholera is destroyed by being dried, ought properly to hAve been discovered before by experience, but experimental supports were wanting, and people were never certain on this point... Now we can regard this as a positive property of the infectiousc matter, and-;in .future take this property into-account. But, above all, we can dedtce this advantage, that Aii-end will at length beptt W the fearful squadering of disinfectants' and that millions will nct agin, as in the-lst epidemicss -be poure4-isrto tutters and cespools withot-the slightest advantage. For the rest, I hope that the recognition of the cotima-hacilli be turned to iebcount therapeutically. We shall be able; infiiture, even in the less severe cases, and in the first stages, to take a diagnosis. In accokdance withthis, therapeutic experients,alAo, wil have more certainty when it is known that the patient is really suffering from cholea. An early diagnosis mnist, however, -be of -all the greater value; as the chance of therapeutic success i8s precisely greatest in the first stages. .--


According to the development trend of the module power supplies and the working principle of active clamping circuit, the paper studied a kind of active clamp forward soft switching circuit which employs magnetic amplification technology and fixed volts seconds control technology,and detailed theoretical analysis of the working process of the electric circuit is made in the paper.On the basis of theoretical analysis,a 25 W power prototype was designed.After tests,the theoretical analysis was verified correct.In the whole load range,soft switch transform between the main switch tube and clamp switch tube was completely realized, and soft switch realization conditions was not dependent on transformer parameters.In using the schottky diodes rectifier,the conversion efficiency in full load was 89%above.


The interaction between the mind, skin, and body is well studied lately and many studies focus on the multiple mechanisms between them that affects skin health. From psychology, psychoneuroimmunology, and immunology, to psychophysiological and inflammation, there are many issues to consider for the brain–skin cross‐interaction. Altered balance or activation of the neuroendocrine‐immune system triggers a cascade of events that allow the so‐called fight–flight reaction that influences several skin diseases, as a risk factor for developing a dermatological disease or disease flares. Psychosocial stressors change the responses of neuroactive substances that regulates the immune system. Research focuses on study of several influencers like neuroendocrine mediators (corticotrophin‐releasing factor, substance P, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, glucocorticoids, and catecholamines), pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IFN‐g, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10, IL‐13), the activity of mast cells, NK cells or dendritic cells in the skin. The conditions exacerbated by psychological factors and stress are seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, rosacea, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, zona zoster, herpes simplex, neurodermatitis, hyperhidrosis, allodynia.


Local government is uniquely positioned to encourage citizen participation, and this study investigates the current practice of e-government and the potential for facilitating civic engagement (in politics, policy, and community affairs). Yet, prior research has concluded that local government websites have little to offer in terms of online participation. We take a broader view of egovernment"s civic engagement potential, examining information and the potential for blending online and offline forms of engagement, as well as participatory opportunities online. An update of pre-2005 studies is also needed, because of changes in technology, and the experience that some have predicted would lead to more online civic engagement. We find that for the 75 largest U.S. cities, local government websites provide many types of information that could facilitate knowledge and participation, and interactivity is common through online transactions and customized information. While these trends are important, there is little that resembles online deliberation or discussion. Cities with higher levels of online information and engagement opportunities also have higher levels of income, technical sophistication and higher percentages of residents with managerial and professional occupations. Available political variables do not predict more informative or participatory e-government.


The analysis method of correlation dimension is used in the fault diagnosis of ultrasonic motor,and a special experiment platform is built to collect fault vibration signal according to the actual conditions in fault diagnosis.The correlation dimensions of the different fault of ultrasonic motor were calculated through two important parameters of reconstruction of the phase space which were determined by the mutual information and Cao method.The results show that the mechanism of different faults for ultrasonic motor are related with their different correlation dimensions,so the correlation dimension can be used to extract the feature of the faults.By the analysis of the correlation dimension of different fault vibration signals,it can be judged whether there is a fault for ultrasonic motor or not.


This work investigated the surface tension and kinematic viscosity of the multicomponent Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 melt. A relationship was found between surface tension and kinematic viscosity, which manifests itself in a synchronous change in these quantities at temperatures of 1600 and 1780 K. In the temperature range 1600–1780 K, there is a sharp increase in surface tension upon heating and the same decrease upon cooling. The increase in surface tension during heating was explained by the appearance of a large number of free Nb atoms as a result of the dissolution of the residual crystalline phase in the mushy zone, and their diffusion to the melt surface. The drop in the surface tension on cooling below 1780 K is associated with the liquid–liquid structure transition (LLST), which stimulates the outflow of Nb atoms from the surface in order to form new stable clusters. The LLST manifests itself in a change in the activation energy of a viscous flow, which is higher in the high-temperature region and corresponds to the motion of larger clusters with a length scale of about 1 nm.


any older doctors work beyond the traditional retirement age of 65 and have no clear retirement plans, as disMcussed by Wijeratne and colleagues in this issue of the MJA.Yet it is alsoknownthat olderdoctors are at higher riskofpoor performance. The move towards revalidation, as being considered by the Medical Board of Australia (MBA), should be regarded as complementary to retirement planning, in that both involve components that need to start early in the doctor's career. Successful retirement usually requires the doctor to have interests outside medicine, financial security, and good health, each of which should be developed during a long career. The trend to later retirementwas noted 15years ago. Since then, therehas been a further ageingof the medical workforce, and around 1700 employed doctors inAustralia are 75 or older, particularly in general practice, psychiatry, ophthalmology and general medicine. This delay in retirement is consistent with baby boomer trends in the general population.


In a newly born (high-temperature and Keplerian rotating) neutron star, r-mode instability can lead to stellar differential rotation, which winds the seed poloidal magnetic field (∼1011 G) to generate an ultra-high (∼1017 G) toroidal field component. Subsequently, by succumbing to the Tayler instability, the toroidal field could be partially transformed into a new poloidal field. Through such dynamo processes, the newly born neutron star with sufficiently rapid rotation could become a magnetar on a timescale of ∼102 − 3 s, with a surface dipolar magnetic field of ∼1015 G. Accompanying the field amplification, the star could spin down to a period of ∼5 ms through gravitational wave radiation due to the r-mode instability and, in particular, the non-axisymmetric stellar deformation caused by the toroidal field. This scenario provides a possible explanation for why the remnant neutron stars formed in gamma-ray bursts and superluminous supernovae could be millisecond magnetars.


The present invention will be problems to provide an abrasive which is flat and can easily be processed shape or shape modification of a polishing surface having a different shape device. The polishing apparatus, the polishing and the end (KE) polishing member 10 having a polished surface of a shape conforming to the shape of the workpiece (K), has the same shape as that of the end (KE), the abrasive member 10 and the polished surface end (KE) tool 41 which serves to shape machining cutting tool or the grinding surface for processing into a shape according to the shape as the tool for surface modification to modify a shape conforming to the polishing section shape of the polishing member with respect to the grinding surface (10) and a contact mechanism (40) for contacting the tool 41.


In this paper, we present an analytical framework to improve the energy consumption of mobile nodes through traffic offloading via wireless local area networks (WLANs), taking into account the energy consumption for both data transmission and network discovery operations. More specifically, we formulate an optimization problem, according to which the network scanning period is optimized to minimize the total energy consumption and the energy consumption per transmitted bit in a scenario where a user moves with a constant, either pedestrian or vehicular, speed along a road covered by a long-range cellular network and a number of randomly deployed WLANs. The performance of the system that employs the proposed framework, which uses information on the user speed as well as on the availability and the load level of neighboring networks and performs periodic network scanning with the optimal period, is compared against a suboptimal system that does not take into consideration the user and network context information when determining the network scanning period. According to performance evaluation results, the use of the optimal network scanning period achieves significant improvement in terms of total energy consumption, energy efficiency, and network detection delay.


We argue that it may be inappropriate to study whether high-tech firms are liquidity-constrained, without first modeling their antecedent decision to apply for credit. This sample selection issue is relevant when studying a borrower-lender relationship, as the same factors can influence both the demand and the supply side. E.g., we find firms engaged in R&D to be less likely to request extra funds. When they do we observe a higher probability of being denied credit. Thus, our findings lend support to the notion of credit constraints being severe for innovative firms, although we suggest that other measures of innovative activity, in addition to total R&D expenditures, should be used to understand the occurrence of credit constraints in the high-tech sector.


Eight weeks of treatment with memantine significantly reduced hair‐pulling and skin‐picking symptoms in patients with trichotillomania or skin‐picking disorder, a placebo‐controlled trial has found. There were no serious adverse events associated with memantine treatment. Study results were published online Feb. 22, 2023, in the American Journal of Psychiatry.


Since the late 1990s, common carp and koi production enterprises around the world have suffered enormous losses due to a viral disease caused by cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3). Genetic variation in resistance to CyHV-3 infection was observed in different common carp strains, indicating that disease resistance can be improved by selective breeding. Marker-assisted selection is a breeding strategy that can accelerate genetic gain; however, this approach requires genetic markers and a genetic linkage map. To develop molecular tools for breeding CyHV-3resistant aquaculture stock, several candidate genes for antiviral innate immune response from common carp were isolated, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. SNP markers for common carp immune response genes were developed for testing their linkage to disease resistance and for generating a genetic linkage map. Common carp immune response genes were isolated using degenerate primers developed from conserved peptide regions among other fish species for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The amplified products were cloned and sequenced. Gene-specific primers were designed based on the isolated carp gene sequences to amplify gene fragments from genomic DNA of three carp strains and koi. The amplified products were cloned and sequenced to identify SNPs. For the genes that are duplicated, locus-specific primers were used for PCR amplification.


- Deception based mechanisms are accustomed for enhancing the security by inflicting misperception on assailants who take activities for barrier. In this paper we attempted to reviews problems related to honeypot and deception based defensive strategies inside the cyberworld, most importantly, need to characterize the honeypot wonder and abridge its preferences and drawbacks, this paper gives overview of honeypot techniques and various types of honeypots and the different deception techniques used for counter assaults


Nail disease is a common chronic problem for psoriatics, with only limited scope for major improvement. Both the disease and its treatment can be categorized according to its features and treatment modalities or the significance of the therapy for the clinician and patient. Certain treatments are matched with certain features and some treatments are of potential value in all patients with nail psoriasis.


The inclusion of the concept of "alienation" in the psychoanalytical vocabulary, following Lacan's legacy, has important theoretical and clinical consequenc...


The present invention discloses a cefuroxime axetil tablet and the full direct compression method, the technical problem to be solved is to improve the quality of cefuroxime axetil tablets, reduction in manufacturing cost. By weight of cefuroxime axetil group comprising the sheet of the invention is divided into: 45% to 65% of cefuroxime axetil, ion exchange resin 4% to 10%, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 3% to 8% sucrose fatty acid ester 3% to 8%, 0.5 to 1.5% aerosil. Tabletting method comprising: sieving, mixing, tabletting. Compared with the prior art the present invention, after the amorphous cefuroxime axetil powder mixed with excipients, direct compression, E isomers of cefuroxime axetil lower sheet, Δ3 isomers and impurities, the elution higher degree, to avoid medication case heat decomposition oxidation, denaturation pressing problems to improve the stability of the drug, to ensure product quality, higher production efficiency cefuroxime axetil tablets, lower manufacturing cost, industrial production applications to adapt .


1. The basics of algebraic number theory. An algebraic number field is a field K = Q(a) where a is a zero of an irreducible (over Q) polynomial f(x) with integral coefficients. The degree of K, which we denote by n = n(K) = [K:Q], is the degree of ƒ(%). We write the roots of /(x) = 0 as a, a, • • • ,a ( n ) m such a way that for l^j^r1 = r1(K), a Q) is real, while for j>ru a 0 ) is complex. If we let n = ri+2r2, then it is customary to order the rr=r2(K) complex conjugate pairs of roots so that for r i+ l ^ j ^ r i+ r 2 , a=a\ The a ( , ) s are called the conjugates of a and the fields K ( , =Q(a) are called the conjugate fields of K. If r2 = 0, we say K is totally real and if ri=0, we say K is totally complex. The integers of K are those elements of K which are zeros of a polynomial with integer coefficients and leading coefficient 1. The integers of K form a ring which we denote by o. As is well known, factorization of the integers of K into prime integers is not necessarily unique. Various equivalent ways of remedying this have been used; we follow Dedekind's method. If a i , • • • , ak are elements of X, the set


It is only a matter of time before the American approach to driving—accelerate just to wait two minutes at the next red light—is phased out by the British approach to driving—fluid, "always flowing traffic with roundabouts regulated by the yield-at-entry rule...the low-delay intersections keep traffic flowing" ("Roundabout" 1). After all, roundabouts are useful tools to solve numerous traffic problems in contrasting types of intersections. Cincinnati is provided with an opportunity to employ the progressive technique to alleviate traffic: the use of a roundabout interchange connecting McMillan and William Howard Taft.


Abstract
 There is little published information on this plant pathogenic fungus, which is limited to Shaanxi, China and Taiwan. It infects Rubus spp., which exist in other regions of the world with similar environmental conditions, therefore this species may pose a threat to native or agricultural plants if introduced.


Event-related fields (ERFs) and rhythmic oscillations represent two measures that quantify the electrophysiological brain activity in response to a stimulus. Using MEG, we analyzed both measures in a sentence processing task to clarify the relationship between these measures. We presented participants with sentences and matched word sequences. Results indicated a partial spatial overlap on the sensor level between the two measures, with a wider area of activity present for oscillations. Within the common region, the effect for each measure was in a different time window. Relating the results to the literature reveals furthermore a functional distinction between the results observed in the two respective measures. The sustained left dominant eventrelated field peaking around 400 ms is most likely related to lexical processing whereas the rhythmic activity of 13-30 Hz (beta rhythm) captures some aspects of sentence unification. We conclude that the ERFs and the rhythmic activity provide a complementary view of brain function during sentence level language processing.


This paper will argue that some elite Japanese, especially the former samurai, considered a package of Westernization that included not only the introduction of Western science but also Western values through Protestant Christianity which was seen as part of the "intellectual Westernization" of Japan. Study in the US was, for some, the first step. The introduction of Darwinism into Japan and the popularity of Herbert Spencer's writings provided an obstacle to the spread of Christianity. The rise of nationalism and justification of the Imperial Rescript on Education (1890) in terms of the divinity of the Emperor meant that Christians were seen as having divided loyalties. From that point, the notion of Westernization and Christianity as a package that had some currency in the 1870s and 1880s declined. There were inherent tensions and contradictions in the relationship between science and Christianity that became obvious to the Japanese, and the Rescript introduced another element of potential conflict.


Entomological studies began at Rothamsted during the Great War, first in 1915 on the prevalence of house-fly larvae in farm manure heaps, and then in 1916 on the occurrence of wireworms in recently ploughed grassland. In 1918 A.D. Imms was appointed in charge of the new Entomology Department and it was from that position that he wrote his General textbook of entomology which persisted through ten editions as the standard text in most British and Commonwealth Universities. Over 70 years the scope of entomological studies evolved, changed and grew through four Departments to the present complement of about a hundred entomologists, chemists and virologists plus thirty post-graduate students and visiting workers. During that time some 1500 scientists have studied or been trained in aspects of entomology at Rothamsted. Six themes will serve as a reminder of the Station's impressive influence.


Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a key vector control tool used for the prevention of malaria. Active ingredient (AI) measurements in LLINs are essential for evaluating their quality and efficacy. The main aim of the present study was to determine the utility of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy as a suitable field-deployable tool for total AI quantification in LLINs.New and unused LLIN samples containing deltamethrin (PermaNet® 2.0, n = 35) and alpha-cypermethrin (SafeNet®, n = 43) were obtained from batches delivered to Papua New Guinea (PNG) for mass distribution. Insecticides were extracted from the LLINs using a simple extraction technique and quantified using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The LC-MS results were correlated with XRF spectroscopy measurements on the same nets. Operators were blinded regarding the type of net. Bioefficacy of the LLIN samples was tested using WHO cone bioassays and test results were correlated with total AI content.The results indicate correlation between quantitative XRF and LC-MS. Interestingly, the total AI content was negatively correlated with bioefficacy in PermaNet® 2.0 (especially in recently manufactured nets). In contrast, AI content was positively correlated with bioefficacy in SafeNet®. These results indicate that the chemical content analysis in predelivery inspections does not always predict bioefficacy.XRF is a promising field-deployable tool for quantification of both deltamethrin- and alpha-cypermethrin-coated LLINs. Because total AI content is not always a predictor of the efficacy of LLINs to kill mosquitoes, bioefficacy measurements should be included in predelivery inspections.


This research discusses the changes in the economic livelihoods of limestone miners in Bukit Tui from 1987 to 1998. The focus of this study is on the economic impact experienced by limestone miners in Bukit Tui after the Galodo disaster in 1987. The purpose of this research is to understand the life of limestone miners in Bukit Tui after the Galodo disaster in 1987 and to find out the efforts made by the miners to meet their needs from 1987 to 1998. This study is a qualitative research using historical methods such as heuristic steps, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this research reveal that the Galodo disaster significantly changed the lives of limestone miners. The economic impact felt by the miners after the Galodo disaster was the loss of their livelihoods, which then led to a decline in the economy. The limestone miners then made various efforts to meet their economic needs, such as finding new jobs as traders, motorcycle taxi drivers, farmers, and so on.


Changes in the landscape become extremely destructive and many heritage values and resources are irreversibly lost. The speed, frequency and magnitude of these changes in the landscape increased in the second half of the 20th century, especially with the impact of human activities. Remote sensing is the most widely used method for determining the change in the landscape. In the research, MNDWI, NDVI and NDMI techniques, which are frequently applied in remote sensing, were used in order to determine the landscape change in Salt Lake. Thus, the changes in the built area, water surface and land cover between the years 2000-2020 in Salt Lake were determined. According to the MNDWI and NDMI Analysis results, a decrease was observed in the water surface width and moisture content in Salt Lake between 2000 and 2020. In the steppe areas south of Salt Lake, the increase in tree cover due to the change in land use type was determined by NDVI analysis. Therefore, it is possible to say that there is an increase in the amount of moisture in these areas. In addition, it was determined that the increase in agricultural activities in the region caused a change in land use types and the amount of green space in the region changed at this rate. With the mentioned methods, negative changes in the landscape as a result of human activities on the landscape can be determined practically. Thus, it will be possible to predict the negative consequences of climate change and take precautions.


Many illnesses and infections are exacerbated and/or caused by biofilms. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the etiologic agent of gonorrhea, is frequently asymptomatic in women, which can lead to persistent infection. Persistent infection can result in pelvic inflammatory disease, tubo-ovarian abscesses, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. N. gonorrhoeae has been shown to form biofilms over glass, primary and immortalized cervical cells, and during natural cervical infection. Asymptomatic infection occurs in only 1% of infected males, and the infection site is subject to periodic rapid fluid flow, which may limit biofilm formation. Thus, biofilm formation may specifically play an important role in the infection of women and could contribute to the infrequent occurrence of symptoms. Prior to work presented in this dissertation, little was known about biofilm formation by N. gonorrhoeae. Therefore, we elected to compare the transcriptional profiles of biofilms to their planktonic counterparts, and to identify genetic pathways involved in biofilm formation and maintenance. We found that 3.8% of the genome was differentially regulated, and that genes involved in anaerobic metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance were up-regulated in biofilm, while genes involved in aerobic metabolism were down-regulated. We determined that expression of aniA, ccp, and norB is required for robust biofilm formation over glass and human cervical cells, and anaerobic respiration occurs in the substratum of gonococcal biofilms. Disruption of the norB gene resulted in severe attenuation of biofilm formation. We determined that the accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the phenotype of a norB mutant and can retard biofilm formation when present at sublethal concentrations. However, higher concentrations of NO can enhance biofilm formation in the absence of nitrite. NO enhances biofilm formation in an aniA mutant, but cannot completely restore


The effect of a heterogeneous chlorosulfonation on the crystalline regions of high-density polyethylenes are investigated by x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. The observed changes and their time dependence are discussed in terms of distortion of the crystallites, which is followed by relaxation processes leading to the elimination of the initially induced imperfections.


Sustainable development on cocoa farming have been places great emphasis on the management of natural resources for Cocoa pod husk. Until now, there has been much public attention for a farming waste, environment polluting and a place to develop various diseases, especially fungal Phytopthora. To overcome these problems, it needs to utilize alternative cocoa pods. The aims of this study were: (1) to determine the potential use of Trichoderma virens isolated from cocoa plantation in Aceh as bio-decomposer in the composting process cocoa pods. The composition of potential use experiment; Manure+Trichoderma (PT); Cocoa pod husk+Trichoderma (KT); Cocoa pod husk + Manure (KP); Cocoa pod husk +Manure+Trichoderma (KPT) has been tested. The analysis result showed that the combined use of Trichoderma virens compost although no effect on the color, texture and smell of compost but could be effect on characterized of compost maturity by characteristics of C/N compost. The content of C/N compost on all treatments in accordance with the standard compost maturity thus considered quite feasible to be applied to the crop.


The occurrence of speltoid off-types during seed multiplication is one of the major causes for rejection of a wheat cultivar candidate due to phenotypic inhomogeneity. These aberrant plants express an atypical spear-shaped spike with tenacious glumes. To analyse the frequency of speltoids under field conditions, field trials were conducted at three locations and two sowing times over 2 years based on speltoid off-type spikes derived from 14 different wheat genotypes. One hundred single ear progeny were developed from the normal and speltoid progeny plants in 2007. A mean frequency of 21.1% and 36.6% speltoid off-types in plots from normal and speltoid lines was observed, respectively. Plots sown late in the season displayed on average 5.3% less speltoid off-types, in particular when both sowing times were far apart. Field trials from 2010 revealed 7.9% more aberrant plants compared with 2011. The percentage of speltoids within the field plots ranged from 0.2% to 83.7%, which indicates a large effect of the respective genotype. Finally, strategies to reduce the number of speltoid off-types are discussed.


Neuro‐QoL is a multidimensional patient‐reported outcome measurement system assessing aspects of physical, mental, and social health identified by neurology patients and caregivers as important. One of the first neurology‐specific patient‐reported outcome measure systems created using modern test development methods, Neuro‐Qol enables brief, yet precise, assessment and the ability to conduct both PD‐specific and cross‐disease comparisons. We present results of Neuro‐QoL clinical validation using a sample of PD patients.


This study grasped and analyzed visual expression of types and method of new materials by targeting new materials that can be applied to housing space. The results are as follows. First, in order to design individual and unique housing space, design new materials are used as finishing materials that play and important role in the visual expression. Second, visual expression types of new materials through the precedent studies on the visual expression method and characteristics were classified as 'flat expression', 'three-dimensional expression' and 'dynamic expression'. Third, flat expression appeared image effects through patterning and imaging, three-dimensional expression appeared 3D effects through fragmentation and form, and dynamic expression appeared movement effects through color change and pattern change. The researcher will grasp detailed visual expression method through additional research on new materials that can be applied to house spacing based on this study. These data are expected to be use as basic reference to apply new materials when designing differentiated and emotional housing space in future.


The possibility to synthesize GeSe4 glass by mechanical alloying followed by sintering has been demonstrated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis have been performed on the powder as a function of milling duration in order to follow the amorphization process of raw metallic germanium and selenium elements. Completely amorphous powder has been sintered using a homemade hot press. Optical transmission and the density of the final bulk material have been studied.


The main changes in forcing during the Last Interglacial (LIG) as compared to present are in the latitudinal and seasonal distribution of incoming solar radiation. Differences in the orbital configuration between the LIG and modern resulted in pronounced insolation anomalies at the Northern Hemisphere (NH) summer solstice; these anomalies are latitudinally similar but much larger than those during the Holocene (Fig. 1).


The invention relates to an IP protocol-based user name system and a method applicable to the Internet, which aims at solving the problem that the present DNS system is not suitable for the user terminal but only for the server instead for the reasons like the DNS system fails to adapt to the real-time change of the IP address of the user, etc. The invention superposes a UNS service on the IP network and an auxiliary centralized address manager, a distributed two-layer UNS server comprising a root domain server and a sub-domain server, a UNS access server, etc. are contained in the UNS servicelayer; the integral user number of each user comprises three parts of the sub-number of the user, the sub-domain number of the sub-domain which the user belongs to and the root domain number of the root domain which the user belongs to. The calling user who already signs up can inquire the current IP address of the called user through the UNS service layer so as to further build up the direct communication with the called user.