"Orthodoxy's image of itself was that of bearer and guardian of the ancient Jewish faith and of ancient Jewish tradition", explains Mordechai Breuer, in his study of Orthodox Jewish life in Imperial Germany. As secularization and reform pervaded German Jewry in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Orthodox Jews became a minority, resulting in alienation and social rifts. Yet despite the decrease in numbers and social problems, Orthodoxy increased in spirit, perseverence, and inner strength. Breuer depicts the life of those German Jews who sought to remain fully loyal to the Jewish tradition while integrating German culture into their lives. He examines the religious, cultural, social, and economic factors that shaped Orthodox Jewish life in Germany, using the literary documentation of the period - periodicals, personal memoirs, and religious literature. The book covers a wide variety of topics, including the different types of German-Jewish Orthodoxy, Jewish and general education, cultural attitudes toward Orthodoxy, identity as Germans and Jews, the development of nationalist Judaism and its relationship to Zionism, and reactions to anti-Semitism.


Rework production system is a typical structure in practical manufacturing, where the defective parts detected by the inspection machine are sent to rework rather than being directly scrapped. Due to the special structure, more complex coupling phenomena between machines and buffers are introduced, especially when machines are unreliable and buffers are finite. In addition, under the intelligent manufacturing environment, customized demands trigger small-lot orders become a common occurrence, which lead to traditional steady-state analysis inapplicable. Therefore in this letter, we study dynamic process modeling and real-time performance evaluation problems of the rework system. Practical issues, such as unreliable machines, finite buffers, and small-lot orders are taken into account. Specifically, a novel dynamic decomposition and aggregation algorithm is proposed. The proposed method is validated to have a precise performance measures prediction effect, as well as an efficient computational performance.


Objective To investigate the effects of the point-injection combined with neuromuscular facilitation rehabilitation techniques on post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome. Methods A treatment group, 36 cases, was treated with the point-injection combined with neural facilitation of rehabilitation techniques. And a control group, 30 cases, was treated with massage therapy. Observed the clinical manifestations and used Fugl-Meyer to assess the joint activities, pain degree and motion function of upper limbs before and after therapy. Results Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed better improvement of joint activity scope and degree, and alleviation of pain (P<0.05). Conclusion Point injection and neuromuscular rehabilitation treatment has a better effect ain treating sequelare of brain stroke and it is worth applying.

Key words:
Shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke;  Point injection;  Neural facilitation technique


The nature of the bimodal denaturation endotherm, which has been observed for some α-keratin materials, was investigated in order to evaluate the validity of the two conflicting theories to interpret the phenomenon. Ortho- and para-cortical cells were isolated from Merino wool and subjected to measurements by differential scanning calorimetry in water at elevated temperatures (80–170°C). The results show for the isolated cell fractions denaturation peaks at 138°C (ortho) and 144°C (para) that are with respect to their location and temperature difference in good agreement with the results obtained for the whole fiber material. The denaturation enthalpy of the para- (21 J/g) was found to be higher than of the ortho-cortical cells (17 J/g) in contrast to expectations from electron diffraction studies. The fact that both of these values are higher than for the whole fiber (15 J/g) is attributed to the removal of the cuticle prior and to the enzymatic digestion of some further material during cell separation. The results give unequivocal evidence for the validity of the ortho/para-hypothesis for the interpretation of the endothermic denaturation doublet of keratins. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1991–1995, 1998


Still focus on the production side, we neglect consumption as an important redistribution mechanism in a world where consumers are relatively foot-free. The process of metropolisation changes the way territories deal with them and take part in the metropolitan economics. Recent papers which talk about "consumer city" and "consumption amenities" give a more important role to the metropolis as a consumption center to explain economic performance. Hinterland plays probably a great but yet neglected role in the success of the metropolitan economy. Conversely the metropolitan process certainly helps suburban economics. The economic reshaping of intra-metropolitan activities also concerns consumer services. That's why some peripheral communities are now in position to count on local consumption to grow. We try to understand how the metropolitan consumption can affect positively suburban economics by raising conso-oriented employment. Keeping a great attention on the economic base theory, we identify conso-oriented activities by assignment method. We also use cross-referencing data to estimate the amount of euros spent across the metropolitan area. Afterwards we can trace the evolution of the spatial distribution of conso-oriented employment and the performance of different spaces in the metropolitan area. That shows that urban sprawl raises employment not only for the outer-suburb by a 'catch-up' effect but also in the inner part where a huge supply of goods and services can meet unfulfilled needs of the outer one. It's finally a question of economic relationships between Paris and its inner-suburb, and the whole agglomeration and the low-density metropolitan spaces.


This study examined young children's affective distress and behavioral responses to parental marital conflict. Forty-eight 4-year-olds and their parents participated in the study. Mothers and fathers independently completed measures of marital conflict, children's reactions to marital conflict, and child behavior problems, while the children completed pictorial measures of reactions to marital conflict and perceived competency. Analysis indicated that children who reported using more maladaptive behavioral responding also reported higher self-esteem. Children who had higher levels of father-reported affective distress also reported higher self-esteem. Children's behavioral responding to marital discord appears to moderate the relation between children's self-reported emotional reactivity to parental conflict and mother-reported child behavior problems. The findings suggest that children's subjective experience of marital conflict appears to play a role in their adjustment and development, beyond the effect of marital conflict alone. (Contains 15 references.) (MDM) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT Off EDUCATION Office of Educat,onal Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Khis document has been reproduCed 00 eceived from the person or organization originating 1. O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality. Points of new or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent officio, OERI position or policy Marital Conflict and Child Outcomes 1 Marital Conflict and Child Outcomes: The Role of Children's Affect and Coping Processes Sarah E. Martin and Mari L. Clements Poster Presented at the 1997 Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research In Child Development, Washington, D.C. This research supported by grants from the Research and Graduate Studies Office, College of Liberal Arts, and the Center for the Study of Child and Adolescent Development, The Pennsylvania State University. Address correspondence concerning this poster to either Sarah E. Martin or Man L. Clements, Department of Psychology, 417 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802-3104, email@example.com or firstname.lastname@example.com. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY (N(. 4:21..r4cM TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)


Knowledge of stringent value of the robot end-effector position is necessary in several industrial applications such as macroscopic structure measurement and assemblage. However, industrial robots cannot meet this challenge because of numerous errors. This paper presents a new method using quantum behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) to calibrate the robot geometrical parameters to improve the positioning accuracy of serial robots. Firstly, the errors of the axes are analysed, then the QPSO is used to calculate the errors. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively identify the robot geometrical parameters.


This panel was convened at 9:00 am, Thursday, April 10, by its moderator, Ruth Wedgwood of the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, who introduced the panelists: the Honorable Kenneth Keith, Judge, the International Court of Justice; the Right Honorable Lord Jonathan Manee, Judge, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom; and the Honorable Brett Kavanaugh, Judge, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. * THE APPROACH OF THE COURTS TO FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL SECURITY: A VIEW FROM NEW ZEALAND AND THE HAGUE By Kenneth Keith ([dagger]) For reasons of geography, population, politics, and economics, the challenges in New Zealand in respect of foreign affairs and national security issues are fewer than in the United States and in the United Kingdom. But there is relevant material from which I can select and to which I will add related material from the experience of the International Court of Justice. I begin with two general propositions. The first is that the New Zealand courts have, fairly consistently over the years, proceeded on the basis that international law is part of the law of the land and that legislation, if possible, should be interpreted consistently with the international obligations of New Zealand. I need to make the important qualification that the executive has no power to change national law by entering with a treaty: legislation is in general needed for that purpose. A very early instance of the positive attitude comes from 1874. A murder was allegedly committed on an American barque on the high seas. The first port it reached was Port Chalmers in the South Island of New Zealand. Did the New Zealand courts have jurisdiction over that alleged offense? Counsel for Charles Dodd, who had been convicted of manslaughter, argued that the New Zealand courts did not have jurisdiction. (1) International law gave exclusive jurisdiction on the high seas to the flag state. He referred the Court of Appeal, among other things, to leading textbook writers of the day--Vattel, Story, Wheaton, Kent, and Phillimore--all of whom supported that proposition. The Court, unanimously, read the relevant legislation in those terms. That decision, I might note, was not among the many decisions of national courts to which the Permanent Court of International Justice was referred when 50 years later it ruled in the opposite direction in the Lotus case (2)--a ruling which was reversed by treaty some years later. I might also note that the young, successful counsel in that case, Robert Stout, who was one of the first law teachers in New Zealand and with access to very good law libraries for that time and that place, later became Premier and Chief Justice, a New Zealand parallel, if you like, to William Howard Taft. My second general proposition is that history--not just cases but also legislation and executive actions--demonstrates that much depends on the attitude of judges to the protection of liberty and, more broadly, to passions of the time. One case which demonstrates the willingness of civil courts to intervene in military matters at the time of supreme peril to the nation comes from New Zealand in 1944. Members of the returning furlough draft had refused to parade at Trentham Military Camp in January that year for embarkation to return to the Middle East. They were charged with desertion. A unanimous Court of Appeal overturned their convictions by courts-martial. The holding, in a sense, was a straightforward interpretation of the word "desertion." The offense of desertion occurs when a person "absents himself physically from the control of duly constituted [military] authority with the intention either of not returning or of avoiding some important service or duty." The soldiers' actions did not constitute desertion in these terms because they remained under military control. But there are arguments that might well have led a court, in a time of great peril to the nation, to say that the actions were in effect desertion and fell plainly within the purpose of the legislation. …


Punjab Agriculture was an undisputed leader in the times of Green Revolution in India and the Punjabi farmer was acclaimed worldwide. But today, Punjab Agriculture no longer calls the shots nor does it play the leadership role that others want to emulate. The Punjab agriculture sector has reached a point where it must make significant changes if it wants to move forward and regain its leadership role. The major question that faces Punjab agriculture is 'Will Punjab be the Kohinoor of Indian States?' The answer is no if the state does not rationalize incentives, create new institutions and reinvigorate old ones and increase investments significantly. The answer could be yes if bold and wide ranging policy reforms are undertaken.


Glamorgan is a historic county of Wales, limited south and west by the Bristol Channel, in which defensive structures are a frequent and a persistent topic regarding its heritage and history. Apart from Wales numerous castles, hillforts and fortifications, the country has also relics from the Great War and the Second World War. Several of them lost or demolished, however many of them still endure. Then, what role those remaining relics play on society? It is common to accept that the purpose of them was self-protective, providing defence from attack during raids and warfare. However, when conflicts and war are past and people's interest in their history and heritage is progressively increasing through the years, how did Wales manage those remains and what do they mean? Some have argued that maintaining or conserving military remains is dependent on future management by the government and that it demands a deliberate re-framing of history. Based on those facts, this article has the objective to show and discuss evidence of damage, wreckage and defeat over time caused by war in the historic county of Glamorgan. As means to achieve it, significant use of maps and pictures will show the extent of damage and, individual case studies will be considered throughout this article to contribute to the discussion of different types of heritage and stories lost over time.


Function as a Service (FaaS) has been gaining popularity as a way to deploy computations to serverless backends in the cloud. This paradigm shifts the complexity of allocating and provisioning resources to the cloud provider, which has to provide the illusion of always-available resources (i.e., fast function invocations without cold starts) at the lowest possible resource cost. Doing so requires the provider to deeply understand the characteristics of the FaaS workload. Unfortunately, there has been little to no public information on these characteristics. Thus, in this paper, we first characterize the entire production FaaS workload of Azure Functions. We show for example that most functions are invoked very infrequently, but there is an 8-order-of-magnitude range of invocation frequencies. Using observations from our characterization, we then propose a practical resource management policy that significantly reduces the number of function coldstarts,while spending fewerresources than state-of-the-practice policies.


Sleep quality is a key determinant of good health, and its importance cannot be overlooked among middle-aged and elderly people, given that sleep disturbances and difficulty falling asleep become more common with age, which affects the emotional well-being and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly people. Evidence shows that while the need for sleep remains the same throughout a person's life, the ability to get enough sleep decreases with age.
The aim of this paper is to review and present recent literature on the emotional state of middle-aged and elderly people and its impact on sleep quality.
Methods – systematic literature review of PubMed and Google Scholar databases on the emotional state of middle-aged and elderly people and its impact on sleep quality.
Results and conclusions. 9 articles were included in the systematic review. The studies show that worsening emotional state, symptoms of depression, anxiety and grief lead to poorer sleep quality and, conversely, that poor sleep quality can contribute to the development of these emotional conditions.


This paper investigates the conjecture that oligopolistic pricing behavior will invalidate the Lucas-Sargent policy-ineffectiveness proposition even if expectations are formed rationally. The procedure is to examine the properties of an analytical macroeconomic model that incorporates a simplified version of the MPS wage-price sector. It is shown that the validity of the conjecture depends upon the precise manner in which lags are built into the price adjustment equation. A crucial condition is isolated and used to motivate an empirical test. The results, based on quarterly U.S. data, are predominantly consistent with the ineffectiveness proposition.


Social media is widely used in the field of tourism. And without the role of technology, it is unimaginable to travel these days, it would be like candy without sugar. Thus, social media plays a vital role in marketing and promotion of food tourism. The focus of the study is to analyze the role of information technology in food tourism marketing and to critically review the various social media channels that are used for food tourism marketing. The study was conducted over 45 tourists who have traveled to Delhi for the purpose of food tourism. The data has been analyzed using SPSS. The study clearly shows that social media platforms and food tourism has a positive relationship. Social media channels highly influence the perception, choices and decision of the food tourist at all the stages of travel. The study also reviews the various social media channels used by the food tourists to view the food related travel content.


In this text, the authors analyze one of the institutions that, along with property, presuppose the economic enjoyment of an asset: the possession. They study its traditional role in the civil law, as the means to usucapion, as well as its negative profi le of unlawful act. Between both questions, its new role as real right of guarantee is approached, previously reserved just for property right, which has allowed, in the comparative experience, to bring over the most depressed sectors of the society to the benefi ts of credit.


A robust control scheme for uncertain robot manipulators is developed in this paper,Using anew version of inverse dynamics control law,a reduced-order generalized error equation,which greatly facili-tates the controller design, is first derived.The proposed scheme consists of two parts. The first part is themodel-based computed torque controller wLich is used to stabilize the nominal robot system. The second partis a robust compensating controller which is designed to handle the uncertainty in the system. The global convergence of the proposed controller is established.Simulation results show the proposed scheme is effective tothe robot systems with unknown parameters and external disturbance.。


This paper presents the study of the propagation of the effects of uncertainties arising in two key elements of a measurement equipment for modern power systems. The first element is the LPIT (Low Power Instrument Transformer), which is the first element of the measurement chain that converts the primary quantities (voltage, current) into a low-value, low power voltage. The second element is the SAMU (Stand Alone Merging Unit), which collects all voltages from LPIT outputs and converts them into digital form, according to the 61850-9-2 protocol. The characteristics of the LPIT and SAMU will be described in the next IEC Standards 61869-6 and 61869-13, respectively. Both Standards are in the final stage of their preparation. In particular, in 61869-13 a Section is dedicated to the method (suitable and comprehensible by system operators) for evaluating the combined standard uncertainty of LPIT-SAMU. In this paper such a method will be presented along with its use and implementation in practical applications.


PT. Guna Kemas Indah in determining the supplier of raw materials, but the existing criteria are not sufficient to meet the expected criteria. By using Analytical networking process (ANP) and goal programming in determining quality. In addition, it can also be seen how much raw material purchases are based on the selected supplier. Selection of suppliers is based on several criteria using vendor performance indicators, which are arranged based on sub-criteria. Where the existing subcriteria can influence each criterion. Based on the weight calculation for the criteria are success-quality (0.3868), cost (0.3668), delivery (0.1256), flexibility (0.0619), responsiveness (0.0586) so that 3 supplier candidates will be obtained.


Detailed morphological investigation on the pollen of two Turkish Euphorbia species (E. kotschyana Fenzl. and E. stricta L.) was carried out under light microscope and SEM. Pollen grain microphotographs of examined taxa have been taken from preparates which were made by Wodehouse and Erdtman techniques in LM. Type of the pollen grains of studied taxa have determined as tricolporate and spheroidae shape. Ornamentation is tectate-rugulate according to the Wodehouse and Erdtman methods. For E. kotschyana P/E= 1.22 (W), 0.98 (E), Exine 2.91 µm (W), 2.76 µm (E). For E. stricta, pollen grains measured as P/E= 0.89 (W), 0.94 (E), Exine 2.32 µm (W), 2.59 µm (E)


AIM
To investigate whether moderate sodium restriction can increase the proven antihypertensive effect of carvedilol, a newly developed beta-blocker with vasodilating properties.

METHOD
A randomly allocated double-blind crossover in 19 patients.

RESULTS
Lowering dietary salt increased the fall in blood pressure obtained with carvedilol.


This paper does a second research with Perl based upon Mrtg and points out the network management operators can have a timing understanding of the present network condition through dynamic monitoring several network equipments,hence,abnormal situation of kind can be found and dealt with in time.


The methods and techniques of international communication, whereby knowledge and ideas are transmitted between peoples of different nations, are of increasing interest as a field for study and research. A recent example, which has aroused great public interest, can be found in the satellite Telstar. No sooner had the first transatlantic television images been relayed than questions were being asked, not only concerning the future development of such


The author introduces and describes a recurrent neural field that is made up of refractory neurons. Every neutron of the field is chaotically connected to others with stochastically distributed bonds and shows the stochastical time varying threshold. The paper takes the location of the neuron in the space-time-firing state of the neuron field into account. The term neural field is used to describe a single layer intraconnected neural network. The input and output signals are distributed between clusters of closely connected neurons. A simple example shows good logical abilities of the refractory neural field. A three neuron refractory field is able to solve the exclusive OR problem.<<ETX>>


The modified gravity with f(R) = R1+ϵ (ϵ > 0) allows a scaling solution where the energy density of gravity sector follows the energy density of the dominant fluid. We present initial conditions of background and perturbation variables during the scaling evolution regime in the modified gravity. As a possible dark energy model we consider a gravity with a form f(R) = R1+ϵ+qR−n (−1 < n ⩽ 0) where the second term drives the late-time acceleration. We show that our f(R) gravity parameters are very sensitive to the baryon perturbation growth and baryon density power spectrum, and present observational constraints on the model parameters. We consider full perturbations of f(R) gravity. Our analysis suggests that only the parameter space extremely close to the ΛCDM model is allowed with ϵ≲5 × 10−6 and n≳−10−4.


From the solution of Laplacian equation under the boundary conditions, the expressions of the electric-field on the point of a conical conductor are given, and the electric-field characteristics are analyzed in detail,so the physical essentials of point electrode discharge are revealed.


With the aim of designing and implementing a web-based article submission management system for academic research papers, several international models such as Elsevier Editorial System and ICOCI, International Conference on Computing and Informatics, are studied and analyzed. Through this analysis, an open access web-based article submission and peer review system for Journal of University of Zakho (JUOZ) is employed. This kind of systems is not only capable of solving issues such as complex manuscript management, time-delays in the process of reviewing, and loss of manuscripts that occurs often in off-line paper submission and review processes, but also is capable to build the foundation for e-journal publications. Consequently, an active and rapid scholarly communication medium can be made. The implementation and deployment of this system can improve the rank of the university and the reputation and the globalization of science and technology research journals.


A novel, sustainable and green strategy to transform the (HSiO1.5)n polymer into functional Si NCs via a room-temperature mechanochemical process without H2 supply.


Distributed photovoltaic could not respond to frequency deviation, and the photovoltaic modules, connected to the grid through the inverter, are non-rotating static component, which means that it does not have the rotary inertia of the synchronous generator. When distributed photovoltaic is connected to the grid in a dense manner, it will reduce the system inertia. Under the same boundary conditions, the system frequency may drop even lower. To solve this problem, this paper proposes to add energy storage system on the DC side to satisfy the frequency regulation requirements. By adopting the virtual synchronous generator control strategy, the solar photovoltaic-energy storage hybrid system is equivalent to a voltage source on the DC side. And it has similar characteristics to the synchronous generator on the AC side. This improves the stability of the external output power of photovoltaic, and also enables the distributed photovoltaic to respond to frequency deviation. the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified in MATLAB/Simulink.


The culture of Latin America underwent the amalgamation of the fundamentals such as Maya, Inca, and Aztec with that of Iberia within the clear geographical boundaries. Latin America as a whole has the two characteristics: `homogeneity` of Indio culture and colonial period and `simultaneity` of independence and the rush to modernization. The essence of cultural amalgamation is the asymmetrical relationship between the dominant and the recessive in genetic terms. On the way to the 20th century with two wheels of modernization and globalization, the museum culture once became an instrument of propaganda under the dictatorship. The architecture of the museums shows the magnificent scale, the rugged but daring constructions, and the implicit Baroque sentiments. The subtropical climate allows the open spaces and unification with the nature. After all the two prerequisites of the modernism of the museum architecture in Latin America are the tradition and the climate.


Adults who have brain tumors face a serious and potentially fatal challenge since the tumors rapidly growing malignant cells can seriously impair their physiological ability. In clinical practice, imaging techniques such as MRI, PET, and CT scans are widely used to determine the size, kind, and location of tumors. The goal of this research is to create a Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) system that can automatically segment and classify brain tumors utilizing T1W-CE Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain. The CAD system will involve two primary tasks: tumor classification, which determines the type of tumor depicted in the image, and tumor segmentation, which involves accurately determine the tumor region from the surrounding healthy tissue. By automating these processes, the proposed system aims to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of brain tumor diagnosis and treatment planning. The classification of brain tumors into multiple classes is recognized as a complex challenge within the field of medical imaging. This research article proposes a model named VS-BEAM that can be used efficiently for clinical decision-making. The proposed VS-BEAM (Voting Based Semi-Supervised Bayesian Ensemble Attention Mechanism) model has been examined for a brain tumor's multi-class classification. The VS-BEAM model achieved the highest level of accuracy possible. The proposed work achieves maximum sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy compared to existing models using T1W-CE MRI images. A convolutional autoencoder is utilized for extracting tumors from MRI images. The accuracy obtained from testing data of 264 brain tumors was 98.91%, indicating that the method is effective and can be used in the clinical context to assist in detecting larger or even smaller tumors.


This article makes systematic researches on the establishment of CPC's construction performance evaluation mode,the collection of performance data,general appraisal and outcome application in equipment support enterprises,which helps the basic Party organization to effectively take advantage of ideological and political work,and helps to standardize and institutionalize the Party construction scientifically.


An $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued Markov process $X^{(x)}_t=(X^{1,x_1}_t,\dots,X^{d,x_d}_t)$, $t\ge0,x\in\mathbb{R}^d$ is said to be multi-self-similar with index $(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_d)\in[0,\infty)^d$ if the identity in law \[(c_iX_t^{i,x_i/c_i};i=1,\dots,d)_{t\ge0}\ed(X_{ct}^{(x)})_{t\ge0}\,,\] where $c=\prod_{i=1}^dc_i^{\alpha_i}$, is satisfied for all $c_1,\dots,c_d>0$ and all starting point $x$. Multi-self-similar Markov processes were introduced by Jacobsen and Yor \cite{jy} in the aim of extending the Lamperti transformation of positive self-similar Markov processes to $\mathbb{R}^d_+$-valued processes. This paper aims at giving a complete description of all $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued multi-self-similar Markov processes. We show that their state space is always a union of open orthants with 0 as the only absorbing state and that there is no finite entrance law at 0 for these processes. We give conditions for these processes to satisfy the Feller property. Then we show that a Lamperti-type representation is also valid for $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued multi-self-similar Markov processes. In particular, we obtain a one-to-one relationship between this set of processes and the set of Markov additive processes with values in $\{-1,1\}^d\times\mathbb{R}^d$. We then apply this representation to study the almost sure asymptotic behavior of multi-self-similar Markov processes.


A 42-year-old black woman from Ghana was referred for evaluation of recurrent pain in the left flank. Physical examination revealed a voluminous palpable mass in the left upper abdomen. Laboratory values, including catecholamine levels (urinary vanillylmandelic acid excretion per 24 hours), were normal except for peripheral eosinophilia. The patient had no hypertension. Computerized tomography showed an 11 cm. left cystic renal mass of the lower pole (fig. 1). Intravenous contrast injection revealed that the mass had thickened irregular septa running through it. Imaging studies did not afford an unequivocal interpretation. However, peripheral eosinophilia and the fact that the patient was of African origin led us to suspect a renal hydatid cyst. Intraoperatively the tumor was well demarcated from the renal parenchyma and surrounding organs and enclosed by the renal capsule. Therefore, it was extirpated, leaving the renal parenchyma intact. Grossly the tumor was well circumscribed and multilocular, and contained abundant hemorrhagic fluid. Histologically, the tumor was composed of small monomorphic spindle cells and was strongly immunoreactive for chromogranin, vimentin and neuron specific enolase but not for cytokeratins (fig. 2). Pathological features were consistent with a cystic extra-adrenal paraganglioma. Scintigraphic imaging with 131 iodine-metaiodobenzylguanidine for evaluation of metastatic disease was negative. No additional treatment was given. The patient was well at 10-month followup. DISCUSSION


Traditional literatures about voluntary disclosure agree that information voluntarily disclosed is truthful and reliable,and that credible disclosure can be automatically achieved through market mechanism.However,conditions of market security mechanism are not always fulfilled.Third-party intermediaries such as legal liability are indispensable to regulating voluntary disclosure credibility.


Objective: The objective of this study was to replicate the relationship between disclosure of sexual orientation and immune functioning in HIV-positive persons and to extend those findings to a different type of disclosure (HIV status) and a different population (psychiatric outpatients in a publicly funded HIV/AIDS clinic). Methods: A sample of psychiatric outpatients (N = 373) from a large, urban HIV clinic was assessed for level of sexual orientation and HIV status disclosure as well as absolute CD4 cell counts over time. Mixed-effects random regression analysis was used to build a predictor model that included biobehavioral covariates. Results: Consistent disclosure of both sexual orientation and HIV status independently predicted increased CD4 cell counts over time controlling for important biobehavioral covariates. The only other significant effects in the model were baseline CD4 cell count and number of days between assessment of disclosure and assessment of CD4 cell count. Conclusions: Relieving potential psychological distress by disclosing sexual orientation and HIV status has a positive impact on CD4 cell counts over time even among outpatients stressed by psychiatric illness and economic disadvantage. Additional research is needed to understand whether and under what conditions disclosure should be part of HIV disease management. AIDS = acquired immune deficiency syndrome; BASIS-32 = Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale; HAART = highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; MCS = Mental Component Summary; PCS = Physical Component Summary; RSO = Relationship to Self and Others; SO = sexual orientation.


Although IVF and egg freezing have received much scholarly attention, the pivotal role of financialization in the fertility (preservation) sector remains understudied. This article discusses how processes of financialization have instigated a step-change in the organization of contemporary US IVF and why egg freezing is at the heart of a wider consolidating trend in the sector. The financialization of fertility, in this context, references the financial investments in a future in which ever more women freeze their eggs, the role of capital markets in establishing new clinical and commercial infrastructures through which egg freezing becomes accessible and the role of financial products in shaping both the stories and the streamlining of fertility treatments. Together, these developments signal a shift from reproduction to fertility in IVF, in which treatment is not aimed at having a child at present, but rather at the proactive management of a more speculative fertility throughout the life course.


Although the bright lights of the big city have not entirely lost their glitter, many companies are finding that rural living can be good for business.


In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for three dimensional positioning system and implement a system over indoor wireless channel. A commercial modules are used for mobile and fixed nodes which are product of German company Nanotron Co. This module adopts chirp spread spreading scheme as modulation method to improve the ranging resolution and the module satisfies the IEEE standard 802.15.4a. The distance computation is based on received signal strength(RSS) levels and trilateration method. A testbed was set up to measure and compare the positioning estimation error of the proposed algorithm. The experiments results showed that the accuracy of location estimation was sufficiently good as much as 1m distance error in a wireless environment in an office building.


Balai RW is a construction or building used by residents for RT activities or activities of local residents and has been built since 1998 and is used as a place for local residents' activities. For the condition of the Balai RW XI in 2020 today, there are many that are not suitable for use, especially in wall construction, where many conditions are damp and the wall paint is peeling off so that repairs are needed in the form of painting the outer and inner walls. Implementation of Community Service Painting of Balai RW XI Jl. Silikat Kel.. Purwantoro Kec. Blimbing Malang city is carried out are: 1. Calculation of the Budget Plan for Painting Implementation Costs Balai RW XI is Rp. 13,955,000, - (Thirteen Million Nine Hundred Fifty Five Thousand Rupiah) the source of funds from PKM Polinema activities and RW XI Cash. 2. Painting the Balai RW XI is prioritized on repairing inner and outer wall paints. 3. Implementation of painting at Balai RW XI will be carried out from 20 July 2020 - 8 August 2020 with a total processing time of 3 weeks.


Arguments are reviewed leading to the conclusion that the elementary non-Abelian gauge vector mesons of renormalizable Yang--Mills theories lie on Regge trajectories independent of the free parameters of the models. 35 references. (JFP)


The term "innovation" in general means something completely original and more effective and, as a consequence, new, that "breaks into" a current system. In general terms, we would all agree that smartphones belong to recent innovations in human life. Concurrently, the field of hematology and


The role of the altered hormonal status of an organism in the activation of the anticoagulative system during stress is investigated. The 30 minute immobilization stress was shown to raise significantly the nonenzymatic fibrinolytic activity of blood in rats. Combined with adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) the effect is still greater. Intravenous administration of 0.2 m1 0.01 percent solution of protamine sulphate prevented the nonenzymatic fibrinolysis induced by the stress. Administration of ACTH after protomine sulphate again raised the fibrinolysis. This suggests that ACTH stimulates the release of heparin.


Abstract Chemical ligation induced by BrCN in the presence of N-substituted morpholine has been studied in details. It has also been shown that the phosphate activation by BrCN can be used for the synthesis of nucleotide derivatives in aqueous solutions.


The general expression of an equilibrium velocity of a sound in vapor-gas-liquid mixtures is presented and influence of concentration of vapor and a volume content of bubbles on the received expression is analyzed. In special cases, for gas-liquid and vapor-liquid mixtures expressions of an equilibrium velocity are presented and the satisfactory consent of the received expressions with known experimental data is discovered.


OBJECTIVE
To quantify the relative contributions of thyroid secretion and peripheral generation to triiodothyronine (T(3)) production in untreated Graves' hyperthyroidism. PATIENTS, DESIGN, AND MEASUREMENTS: Thirty-one patients with hyperthyroidism, of whom 6 had T(3) toxicosis, and 21 surgically and radioiodine ablated patients with thyroid cancer on thyroid stimulating hormone-suppressive therapy in whom serum T(3) should reflect peripheral generation alone were compared with respect to serum free thyroxine (T(4)) and serum free T(3) concentrations.

MAIN OUTCOMES
Serum free T(4)/free T(3) molar ratios were virtually identical in the patients with T(4)+T(3) toxicosis (2.7 +/- 0.4) and those with T(3) toxicosis (2.6 +/- 0.4) and were significantly lower than in the patients with thyroid cancer (4.0 +/- 0.4) (p < 0.001). In the hyperthyroid patients, peripherally generated T(3) was calculated as the quotient of the individual serum free T(4) concentration and the free T(4)/free T(3) molar ratio in thyroid cancer; this value was subtracted from the individual measured free T(3) concentration to derive the value for secreted T3. Secreted T(3) accounted for 33 +/- 6% of T(3) production in T(4)+T(3) toxicosis and 34 +/- 10% in T(3) toxicosis.

CONCLUSIONS
This study indicates that about one third of T3 production in untreated Graves' hyperthyroidism, irrespective of whether presenting as T4+T3 toxicosis or T3 toxicosis, arises from thyroid secretion as compared to about 20% in normal individuals.


We argue that the event horizon of a binary black hole merger, in the extreme-mass-ratio limit where one of the black holes is much smaller than the other, can be described in an exact analytic way. This is done by tracing in the Schwarzschild geometry a congruence of null geodesics that approaches a null plane at infinity. Its form can be given explicitly in terms of elliptic functions, and we use it to analyze and illustrate the time-evolution of the horizon along the merger. We identify features such as the line of caustics at which light rays enter the horizon, and the critical point at which the horizons touch. We also compute several quantities that characterize these aspects of the merger.


This work addresses a long standing question about roughness: what is the equivalent sand-grain height, given the roughness topography? Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) machine learning approaches are used to develop a high-fidelity prediction approach of the Nikuradse (1933) equivalent sand-grain height $k_s$ for turbulent flows over a wide variety of different rough walls. To this end, 45 surface geometries are generated and simulated at $Re_\tau=1000$. The surfaces geometry differ widely in moments of surface height fluctuations, effective slope, average inclination, porosity and degree of randomness. When combined with 15 fully rough experimental data sets, courtesy of Flack et al (2016, 2018 and 2019), the DNN and GPR methods predict $k_s$ with an rms error of less than 10\% and a maximum error of less than 30\%, which appears to be significantly more accurate than existing correlations applied to the present database.


Environmental regulation often involves the need to impose limits on the ways in which individuals can use their property. From municipal bylaws protecting urban trees, to greenbelt zoning and designation of land as critical habitat for endangered species, environmental restrictions can range from minor to stringent limits on the prospective private use of land by the owner. The objective of this paper is to generate empirical evidence on individual attitudes toward such prospective environmental regulatory "takings". What role does the strength of formal legal protection for property rights play in influencing individual attitudes and demands for compensation?In this paper, I use an experimental survey to generate relevant evidence. The survey is administered to Canadian and US respondents, to exploit the underlying difference in the constitutional status of property rights between Canada and the US. While government faces constitutional limits on its ability to take property in the US, in Canada such a constitutional right was deliberately excluded from the Charter. Participants are asked to provide financial (scaled categories) and attitudinal responses (7 point scale) to a vignette that proposes development restrictions on a coastal property. Results are analyzed using ordered logit regressions and equivalence of means tests. The survey is structured to allow analysis of the results controlling for individuals' prior legal beliefs, as well as differences in the formal legal status of property rights. The durability of individuals' beliefs is assessed by giving "correct" information about the law, then soliciting further responses. The results indicate that there is no independent significance associated with the difference in the formal legal status of property rights between Canada and the US. However, there is significant variation in the individual attitudes and financial demands of respondents in both the Canadian and US samples. While legal beliefs appear to be a significant explanatory variable, these beliefs do not appear to remain significant once individuals receive "correct" information about the law.


Home monitoring can be implemented in a low-cost manner using this proposed project. The existing system involves high-cost equipment which cannot be utilized by a normal person. In the proposed model the overall design of home monitoring uses the multinode co-operative network. It mainly focuses on the development of the home monitoring system which can be implemented using NodeMCU. The highlight of the project is to use the NodeMCU embedded with Wi-Fi technology which enables the transmission of the sensed data to the cloud. The Proposed model will monitor the working status of various equipment in the home. Based on the data sensed from the equipment the information is shared in a cooperative manner with the remote monitoring unit. The Amplify and Forward cooperative protocol is used to transmit the data to the destination. The main advantage of the cooperative network is to enhance the signal reception quality and to improve the monitoring of the status round the clock. A popular open-source platform to execute the process of transmission, processing, and receiving data without losing the intensity. We are going to use multiple nodes to decrease the fault while working with them. These node MCUs are used for many projects as it is very cheap. It also has integrated support for the Wi-Fi network. Its compact size is an added advantage. It has low energy consumption property and reliable secure cloud storage. They have a user-friendly programming environment and a scripting language that is easy to learn. These are mainly used in IoT home automation, security alarms, incubators, controller, Internet smoke alarms, serial port monitors, and VR trackers.


Data obtained from studies on the radiation polymerisation of isobutylene, styrene, butadiene and other monomers lead to the conclusion that under low temperature conditions a cationic mechanism underlies the polymerization of these monomers. No anionic polymerization mechanism under the action of nuclear radiations has been described in the literature. Recently results indicative of γ-ray-induced polymerization were obtained not only by a cationic but also by an anionic mechanism. The capacity for the reaction to proceed according to the one or the other of the mechanisms has been found to be determined both by the chemical structure of the monomer and by the nature of the medium in which the polymerization is taking place. Acrylonitrile polymerizes at −78° in solvents with electron-donor substituents (triethylamine, dimethylformamide) but not in solvents ordinarily employed in cationic polymerization and containing electrophilic groups, as in ethyl chloride. Styrene polymerizes only in ethyl chloride. The γ-radiation-initiated copolyraerization of styrene with isobutylene and methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile with styrene was studied. It was found that isobutylene-styrene copolymers (polymerization in ethyl chloride) obtained at −78° are enriched in the isobutylene component for all compositions of the initial mixture: r1 (isobutylene) = 3.5, r2 = 0.33. At −78° isobutylene polymerizes more slowly than styrene. A plot of the relation between the polymerization rate and the initial mixture composition is characterized by a minimum in the region of relatively small isobutylene additions. At 0°, polymerization of the monomers proceeds at considerably lower rates (especially for the case of isobutylene) than at −78°. At 0° styrene polymerizes much faster than isobutylene. The rate of polymerization of isobutylene and styrene has been found to have a first-order dependence on the dose rate. At low temperatures polymers of relatively high molecular weight are formed: in styrene the molecular weight is equal to 70,000; in isobutylene, 80,000. The molecular weight of the copolymers, depending upon the composition, is from 20,000 to 55,000 (from light scattering data). The polymers obtained at 0° have lower molecular weights. Styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymers obtained at −78° are greatly enriched in the styrene component for all initial composition mixtures. In this case r1 (styrene) = 20, r2 = 0.005. In the polymerization of monomers initiated by BF3-type catalysts, the values of r1 and r2 are, respectively, 10.5 and 0.1 (as reported in the literature). Small methyl methacrylate additions to styrene lead to an abrupt fall in the polymerization rate (at −78°), and the rate changes slightly on further addition of methyl methacrylate. The rate of polymerization of acrylonitrile at −78° and dose rates of 150 R./sec. in bulk is 2.1 × 10−6 mole/l.-sec.; in triethylamine it is 6.7 × 10−6 mole/l.-sec.; in dimethylformamide, 9.7 × 10−6 mole/l.-sec. (for a monomer concentration of 3.5 mole/l.). In the copolymerization of acrylonitrile and styrene in dimethylformamide solution at −78° the resultant polymers are richer in acrylonitrile than the initial mixture over the entire range of initial compositions. On the basis of the kinetic relations established, as well as other data, obtained in studies of such systems, a discussion is presented of the cationic and anionic mechanisms of γ-ray-induced polymerization.


Objective To develop a kind of intelligent door system for blood management to realize real-time monitoring and quick bank-in bank-out of massive blood.Methods UHF RFID technology was used to develop the intelligent door system composed of the reader,starter,information processing module,information display module and voice broadcast module.The speeds,accuracies and integrity of bank-in bank-out of the blood by the scanning spear,handset and the door system were compared.Results The average bank-in time for 50 bags of blood by the scanning spear,handset and intelligent door was 225s,65s and 59s respectively,and the average bank-out time by the handset and intelligent door was 15s and 6s respectively,with P less than 0.01.When compared with the intelligent door,the scanning spear and handset lacked the information on the personnel and refrigerator despite the correct number of bank-in bank-out blood.Conclusion The UHF RFID technology-based intelligent door system for blood management can enhance the efficiency and safety of the blood inventory management for its high speed and accurate information.


The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of a homoeopathic complex of Phytolacca decandra 200CH, Bryonia alba 30CH and Silicea terra 30CH in the treatment of bovine mastitis. The efficacy of the complex was evaluated in terms of its effect on reducing the Somatic Cell Count (SCC) as well as its effect on reducing the total number of clinical cases occurring within the herd on treatment. The aim of trying to reduce the SCC is the fact that it is related to the quality of the milk produced, the higher the SCC the lower the quality and yield of the milk produced and thus the lower the monetary return on the sale of such milk. It is also related to the volume of milk produced as the higher the SCC the lower the quantity of milk produced. The number of cases of clinical mastitis is also an important economical consideration, as there are a number of costs associated with each case including short and long-term losses in production as well as the cost of treatment and management of infected animals


The purpose of these lecture notes is to give a quick and introductory overview of holographic superconductors. Besides the actual description of the standard holographic superconductor, attention is paid to the motivations and the relation with the previous, non-holographic context.


INTRODUCTION
The current study applied an intersectional lens to examine societal factors, individual psychological outcomes, and youth combustible tobacco and vape use at the intersection of sexual and/or gender minority (SGM) status and race/ethnicity.

METHODS
Data were drawn from 133,969 youth respondents surveyed in the 2019-2020 California Student Tobacco Survey, a representative school-based survey of 8 th and 10 th grade public school students throughout California. The impact of multiple marginalized group membership using four mutually exclusive intersectional positions (non-SGM White, SGM White, racial minority only, and both SGM and racial minority), in addition to specific differences across ten SGM by race/ethnicity groups (e.g., non-SGM Black/African American, SGM Black/African American, etc.) were assessed.

RESULTS
Compared to heterosexual/cisgender White youth, SGM and racial minority adolescents were shown to experience poorer school tobacco education quality and cessation support, lower school and family connectedness, and higher anxiety/depression symptoms. SGM and racial minority youth had a higher prevalence of ever combustible tobacco use but were less likely to be current vape users compared to non-SGM White respondents. In examining specific group differences, results revealed that SGM teens had the highest risk of ever combustible tobacco use. This disparity was amplified for those belonging to multiple marginalized groups, with Black/AA SGM teens evidenced to be at the highest risk of current combustible tobacco.

CONCLUSIONS
Information from this study has useful implications for SGM measurement in surveillance systems and highlights the usefulness of adopting an intersectional approach to inform equity driven public health policy and intervention.

IMPLICATIONS
This representative study of California youth supports that identifying as a sexual and/or gender minority (SGM) is an important risk factor for combustible tobacco use. Particularly, observed SGM disparities were magnified for youth belonging to marginalized groups, as Black/African American SGM teens were shown to be at the highest risk of current combustible tobacco use. Findings support that Intersectionality Theory represents a useful framework for examining tobacco-related disparities and underscores the importance of assessing how the intersection of multiple social categories impacts youth tobacco use.


Wastewater containing oil and polyacylamide is a kind of organic wastewater, which is hard to treat. The combined process of moving-bed biofilm reactor and sulphate-reducing bacteria was used to treat the wastewater. Operating conditions of moving-bed biofilm reactor and sulphate-reducing bacteria were studied. Results indicate that the oil removal efficiency by moving-bed biofilm reactor can reach above 90% with 9 hours hydraulic retention time at 25°C, but it has no effect on polyacylamide. Sulphate-reducing bacteria can degrade polyacylamide, and polyacylamide conversion is about 50% at 37°C with 4 days culture time and 9ml inoculation size. The effluent quality of wastewater containing oil and polyacylamide can meet requirements of the first level in integrated wastewater discharge standard.


This special edition of the Oxford Review of Education arose out of the work of Theme 3 of the ESRC-sponsored research centre on Skills, Knowledge and Organisational Performance (SKOPE). This theme was concerned with analysing the demand for skills in the British economy, and the role of the education and training system in meeting such demands. What struck those of us working on the various projects within the research centre was how, at the turn of the twenty-first century, education and training continued to be a major focus of public policy across all the countries we investigated. Such policy emphasised the importance of more years of formal education, followed by an individual commitment to lifelong learning, as the means to achieve the twin aims of economic growth and social inclusion. In some countries, such as the UK and the USA, the policy concern was underpinned by a sense of long-term crisis. In others, such as the Nordic countries, a rather more sober approach nonetheless involved a serious questioning of the purposes and arrangements being made for young people. In yet others, such as Germany, a long-cherished set of traditions, such as the dual system, which have apparently served the long-term economic interests of the country well, is being questioned (see Ertl, 2004), whilst a sense that all was not well with the German general education system had been fostered by the PISA study (OECD, 2001). Yet the twentieth century was the century of educational expansion. The 'educational gospel' (Grubb & Lazerson, 2004) has been one of mass schooling and more education for all. Such expansion has been financed primarily through general taxation, with the justification for this expenditure from the public purse being that the skills and knowledge learnt in schools, colleges and universities would transfer to productive activities outside of educational institutions, especially the workplace. Increasingly, policy makers seem to be questioning whether this is happening, or happening to a sufficient extent to warrant the continued expenditure on general education for all. The upshot, so the argument goes, has been a turn to vocationalism, the over-promotion of the work–related learning aims of secondary and tertiary education at the expense of the civic, aesthetic and moral purposes of education. In the UK such developments are typically traced to the Ruskin College speech


Proteus mirabilis (HpmA), a Gram‐negative bacterium, implements the two‐partner secretion pathway to produce a hemolytically active exoprotein. The full‐length HpmA was cloned and truncated to contain the first 265 amino acids (HpmA265) in order analyze the structure and function more readily. In the native crystal structure, a dimer was observed to form via on‐edge stacking of carboxy‐terminal parallel beta‐strands. A series of carboxy‐terminal lysine mutants were investigated in this study. Specifically, Phe241, Met245 and Leu263 were altered with the polar charged lysine residue to disrupt the non‐polar carboxy‐terminal dimer and thereby, induce monomer formation. The resultant HpmA265 mutants were analyzed via template‐assisted hemolysis assay, dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism. The results indicate that the loss of hemolytic activity can be correlated with replacement of the most carboxy‐terminal amino acid, Leu263. Additionally, there appears to be less well‐defined beta‐sheet structure in each of the HpmA265 carboxy‐terminal mutants. Further study will aim to conclude whether the HpmA265 monomer or dimer acts as the functional template during hemolysis.


www.PRSJournal.com 1154 M presents a cheiloplasty technique for the repair of the unilateral cleft lip and nose deformity in the article entitled "Symmetric Philtral Column Repair for Unilateral Cleft Lip."1 Over 500 patients during a 14-year period underwent the symmetric philtral column repair technique with a revision rate of "approximately 6 percent." The comparative benefits of this particular technique, as espoused by the author, are the placement of the eventual scar within natural landmarks not crossing anatomical boundaries, and ease of understanding. The two most commonly used techniques in the world today for the treatment of a cleft lip deformity are the straight-line and rotation-advancement repairs. Both attempt to lengthen the medial lip element to match the unaffected philtral column length, and correct the position of the Cupid's bow. Whereas commonly used straight-line repairs use any variety of back cuts within the medial lip element coupled with advancement flaps from the lateral lip to maintain philtral height, the rotation-advancement technique uses a rotation flap, with or without a back cut, to achieve the desired length. The repair determines the placement of the incision and eventual scar. Both concepts presuppose that the eventual scar will fall within the boundaries of natural anatomical subunits; however, because they are different, with different markings, both cannot be right. The straight-line repair presupposes that the scar is in the eventual position of the newly constructed cleft-side philtral column, whereas Millard believed that the philtral unit was normal, just in an abnormal position. "Move what is normal into a normal position," by releasing the philtral subunit from an "abnormally high attachment at the columellar base."2 Mohler attempted to provide some clarification on the matter of "normal" philtral anatomy by evaluating the philtrum of 100 children in Ohio, and found that the majority of children (74 percent) demonstrated a divergent philtral subunit, in which the philtral columns ended without converging at the base of the columella, and subsequently revised the rotation-advancement technique to follow this anatomy.3 Whereas there have been multiple anthropomorphic and morphometric philtral anatomical studies performed since Molher's original work for multiple races and sexes, deciding which incision to use is often based on the repair technique with which the surgeon is most comfortable. Madaree's symmetric philtral column repair presupposes that the normal philtral anatomy follows divergent philtral columns and remedies for the short medial lip element with a curved or wavy line, to match the length of the normal philtral column, as measured from the base of the columella to the top of the noncleft bow point. The description of this wavy line as a mode of gaining additional lip length is through the use of "multiple minor transposition flaps." The process for the formulation of the wavy medial lip incision is described and highly dependent on the severity of lip shortening. Whereas this exact repair technique has not been described previously, use of the wavy or curved lines to increase medial lip length occurs to a degree in the rotation-advancement technique and has been incorporated in the "wave-line procedure" as originally described by Pfeifer.4 Curving a line between two distinct points rather than connecting them with a straight line increases the total distance of the incision, and would not conceptually be considered transposition flaps, as described classically. Although limited in camera angles and long-term follow-up, the results of this repair demonstrate adequate reconstruction of the white roll, correction of the Cupid's bow rotation, and scars


If Canada's Competition Bureau gets its way, there will be greater competition in the residential real estate brokerage business, commission rates will fall and the public will have enhanced access to the Multiple Listing Service. To this end, the Bureau announced on 8 February 2010 that a notice of application would be filed with the Competition Tribunal challenging the way the Canadian Real Estate Association conducts business. The association filed its response six weeks later. Regardless of the ultimate outcome of this action, it is safe to say that the face of Canadian residential real estate brokerage services will never be the same. Commonwealth Law Bulletin editorial advisory board member Gavin Murphy explains.


This survey research, aim to study level reviews of smoking to how to quit smoking of smokers around space of public in Bangkok Metropolitan. Sample 332 persons to choose by accidentally sampling technique from smokers in Bangkok Metropolitan. Data collect to used questionnaires that created by researchers and analyzes data with the average and standard deviation.The research results showed that a smoker who was a citizen in the metropolitan area of Bangkok. In the overview, the sample selection 3 method in the medical treatment by prescription ranked that 1) medications) 67.12% use of the drug quit smoking from Medical Order (smoking cessation, 2) 61.74% use of the drug alternative Nicotine Therapy-Gum Form (NRT-nicotine chewing gum) and 3) 61.14 use mouth rinse to quit


On the base of the statistics, the paper analyzed the current situation of leisure agriculture and rural tourism, and put forward some problems and corresponding measures in Tianjin.


The invention discloses a spraying polishing coke powder wiping treatment agent for synthetic leather, which consists of the following raw materials: 10 to 15 parts of resin, 10 to 20 parts of polyurethane gloss oil, 20 to 30 parts of DMF, 20 to 30 parts of butyl acetate, 4 to 7 parts of silicon dioxide discoloration powder, 3 to 7 parts of oil waterproofing agent and 3 to 5 parts of levelling agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the spraying polishing coke powder wiping treatment agent for the synthetic leather. The spraying polishing coke powder wiping treatment agent for the synthetic leather of the invention has the advantages of mutual coordination of the components, good film forming property and firm bonding. The synthetic leather subjected to wiping treatment by adopting the spraying polishing coke powder wiping treatment agent has the advantages of strong coke feeling contract, obvious effect, excellent waterproof effect, oil wax hand feeling and strong leather feeling.


A new digital system developed by Sadelec operates on the principles of the Doppler effect; it can be used to calculate the longitudinal distance covered with respect to the sea bottom during a given period and the angle between the speed vector and the longitudinal axis of the ship. The speed components can be determined at depths up to 150 m; beyond this depth, measurements are obtained by reverberations from stable layers 20 m below the ship. The working frequency is 300 kc/sec/ Two vertically symmetrical emission bands are used to ensure precision. The ultrasonic emissions are not made directly in the water, and the measurements are therefore not affected by temperature or stability. The system is also useful in docking operations.


The objective of the study was to examine mitral regurgitation dynamics after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and its interconnection with some clinical and Echo parameters. One hundred and six ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with 11-11 degree ischemic mitral failure who underwent CABG were included into the study. Echocardiography was performed twice (preoperatively and in the early postoperative period, on the 4,1±1,8 day). Isolated CABG in IHD patients with ischemic I-II degree mitral regurgitation leads to decrease in regurgitation degree in the early rehabilita lion period in 61,32% of cases. The presence of і wo and more Q-positivc myocardial infarctions in anamnesis is associated with increase in mitral regurgitation degree after CABG or with absence of its regression. Decrease in ischemic mitral regurgitation degree after revascularization is connected with reliable reduction (if left atrium size, decrease in disturbed local constrictility index, and as a result, with increase in contractile function of left ventricle manifested by decrease in end systolic size, end systolic volume of left ventricle and increase in ejection fraction. To assess the possibility of mitral regurgitation reverse in IHD patients, it is reasonable to examine viability of myocardium before CABG.


Swartzia hilaireana , a new species of Swartzia sect. Swartzia from seasonal forests of the transition zone between cerrado and Altantic forest in Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described and illustrated. Although it was first collected nearly two centuries ago, only in recent decades has sufficient material of the species become available to make a confident taxonomic assessment. The species is closely related to S. pilulifera with which it may occur sympatrically, but it differs from that species in multiple aspects of its morphology.


Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to hip fractures owing to osteoporosis, decreased mobility, and the tendency to land on the hips in the event of an accidental fall. Hip fractures are one of the most common types of fractures sustained in the elderly population. This review focuses on the epidemiology and risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) associated with hip fractures. Hip fracture is a strong risk factor for DVT, and DVT is a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality among patients with hip fractures. The review discussed the epidemiology of thrombotic events, risk factors for DVT and the clinical implications of DVT in patients with hip fractures.


In the past 4 years we have witnessed a change in quality and reliability to make the marked introduction of solid-state lighting (SSL) successful. LED penetration levels have reached values of 10–30%, depending on the application. The number and variety of LED packages and, thus, associated LED-based products, have significantly increased in the past years. Consequently, new processes and new materials are introduced which will introduce a new series of new and unknown failure modes in SSL products. The understanding of these failure modes is better understood, and the number has grown to beyond 50. The fingerprint is changing to failures that are due to interactions between components. First exercises with system level acceleration tests are presented, but it is important to derive acceleration models for these tests. Advanced reliability prediction capabilities are needed including algorithms and tools that couple the multi-physic and multiscale behavior of the SSL failure modes. The shift toward services will force the lighting industry to develop these capabilities in order to better address lifetime and reliability. Connected lighting will bring big data from live connections that can be used to determine the degradation level of the system. Both trends, service and connected, will bring yet another huge change in mind-set in the lighting industry when in concerns reliability: detailed understanding of failure mechanisms, usage scenarios, technology, and design will come together. 1.1 What We Predicted: A New Era in Lighting In Solid State Lighting Reliability: Components to System we presented a chapter describing a brief history of quality and reliability, their interaction, and the impact for the change within the lighting industry into the solid-state era [1]. We mentioned T. Vos • P. den Breeijen Philips Lighting, HTC45, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com W.D. van Driel (*) Philips Lighting, High Tech Campus, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Delft University of Technology, EEMCS Faculty, Delft, The Netherlands e-mail: email@example.com © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 W.D. van Driel et al. (eds.), Solid State Lighting Reliability Part 2, Solid State Lighting Technology and Application Series 3, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-58175-0_1 1 that a huge mind-set change is needed in both quality and reliability to make the market introduction of solid-state lighting (SSL) applications a big success. Our final remark dealt with the challenge to embed known-good practices from industries such as semiconductors, automotive, military, and aerospace into the veins of the lighting designers. Let us in this paragraph reflect on what happened in the 4 years that elapsed; we focus on the reliability part and leave out the quality aspects of SSL.We first want to discuss three major observations from a market perspective that occurred in the past 4 years (our first chapter was published in 2013, see [1]). First of all, in only 4 years of time we have seen a substantial change in the (traditional) lighting industry. The three major lighting companies in conventional technology, Osram, Philips Lighting, and General Electric (GE) Lighting, made substantial changes in their enterprise architectures. This is mainly due to the upcoming competition by other parties able to develop, manufacture, and sell LED-based products at competitive price levels. For example, the ascension of Chinese manufacturers in recent years has pushed down LED bulb prices considerably. The same trend occurred for professional luminaires, both for indoor and outdoor applications. In the past years GE, Osram, and Philips Lighting published a series of public announcements, just to highlight a few of them: 1. GE's 125-year-old lighting business has been the backbone of the organization's foundation since 1890 when Thomas Edison founded the company. In October 2015, GE announced it would be spinning off its commercial LED lighting business, solar energy, and energy storage devices into a new start-up company [2]. In 2016 GE said farewell to the compact fluorescent light, or CFL [3]. Here, the company announced in February 2016 that it would stop making and selling these bulbs by the end of the year. 2. German lighting giant Osram announced in 2015 to spin off of its lamps business into LEDVANCE. LEDVANCE encompasses Osram's lighting brand values in the conventional and LED lighting businesses sectors. Osram completed this organizational separation as of April 2016, while the legal separation was scheduled in July 2016 [4]. 3. Royal Philips announced in 2015 to spin off its "historical" lighting business [5]. Effectively on January 2016, Philips Lighting ended up as an initial public offering (IPO), whichwill result in the listing of the lighting business on theDutch bourse, and aims to sell at least 25% of its shares in the lighting company [6]. The Dutch conglomerate started making light bulbs 123 years ago, where Gerard Philips and his father Frederick founded one of the earliest makers of incandescent light bulbs in 1891. Besides this, Royal Philips also intends to divest in their LED components and automotive lighting business, named Lumileds. These are just a few of the announcements we have seen passing in the past 4 years. It indicates that the transition from conventional lighting into SSL truly resulted into a new era for the lighting industry. Secondly, SSL has the promise of an increased reliability with an energy-saving opportunity, and we mentioned in the first chapter that SSL applications are now at the doorstep of massive market entry. But what are then the current volumes and penetration levels of LED-based products in the different application domains, and 2 T. Vos et al.


In literature and took to the funding method,the mathematical,statistics method to jilin university of finance and choose more than one year of the aerobics class the students to select the course of the other college to test comparative analysis that aerobic exercise may be improving health and physical aspects,to improve the heart and lung function and to exercise the body,it is common institutions of the girls choose one of the health effects of exercise.


We distinguish the screening contributions due to the Coulomb and radiation parts of the electromagnetic field subsequent to the ultrafast photogeneration of electron-hole pairs in photoconductive GaAs terahertz (THz) sources. We employ the Monte Carlo method self-consistently including the Maxwell equations to study the effects of the excitation-spot size and excitation level on the emitted THz radiation, and find for a range of reasonable excitation levels an excitation-spot diameter of ∼100μm as the crossover point beyond which radiation effects dominate screening.


Abstract: Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting technology is one of the most recent developed non-traditional processes used in industry for the processing of difficult-to-cut materials which usually lead to a pronounced wear of conventional tools and generation of damaged surfaces. The efficiency and the quality of AWJ depend on many parameters, some of them precisely controllable (e.g. water jet pressure, feed rate) while others uncontrollable (e.g. focusing tube size, waterjet orifice size). The aim of current study was to analyze the influence of feed rate at low working pressures on the quality of cuts, quantified by the parameters specified in the ISO/WD/TC44 N 1770 standard.


Objective Different hormone-producing adenoma cells in plurihormonal pituitary tumors were exa- mined for estrogen receptor (ER) in order to study the relationship between the specific hormone-secreting adenoma cells and the ER-immunoreactive tumorous pituitary cells.Methods Immunohistochemical double-staining method was applied to detect the coexpression of ER and one specific pituitary hormone, in other words, to detect the coexpression of PRL and ER, GH and ER, ACTH and ER, TSH and ER, FSH and ER, LH and ER in 33 plurihormonal pituitary tumors, respectively. Results 33 plurihormonal pituitary tumors, ER protein was detected in 22 cases(66.67%). Among them, PRL and ER double staining were found in 10 specimens, LH and ER double staining were found in 9 specimens, FSH and ER double staining were found in 7 specimens, GH and ER double staining were found in 2 specimens. Double staining did not characterize the nuclear ER positivity in cells containing cytoplasmic reactivity for ACTH or TSH in 33 cases. Conclusion In plurihormonal pituitary tumors, the PRL, LH or FSH producing adenoma cells can express ER , while neither ACTH nor TSH producing adenomous cells express ER. Whether GH-secreting tumorous cells expressing ER attributes to the tumorous pituitary secreting PRL or not. ER plays an important role in the occurrence and development of the PRL, LH or FSH secreting adenomous cells in plurihormonal pituitary tumors possibly.


The shortest path problem exists in variety of areas. There are many algorithms to solve the shortest path problems. Dijkstra's algorithm is the most popular algorithm among that. It is an optimal and efficient algorithm till date and follows the label-setting paradigm. Dijkstra's algorithm finds the optimum shortest-path and so it is a type of greedy algorithm. Many algorithms are modified and improved based on this algorithm. This paper presents a survey of improved algorithms based on Dijkstra's algorithm that are applied in different application areas.


IN THE OPENING YEARS OF THIS CENTURY, Yeats was consolidating the work of his first period of playwriting activity. On Baile's Strand (1903), The King's Threshold (1904) and Deirdre (1907) were the first works of his dramatic maturity. These plays share a unity of conception and tone which contrasts with the diversity and uncertainty of the other plays of this first major period. In the search for a dramatic conception and technique, he tried out many and various modes, ranging from the symbolist dreaminess of The Shadowy Waters to the broad peasant humour of The Pot of Broth. The Hour Glass was a by-product of this search, and it has received scant attention because of its very obvious defects.The central Haw in its dramatic scheme is a failure to make its spiritual world, which is set up our our admiration against a material world, convincing or even tangible. The agon fails to engage our attention. And yet the play has more to offer than is commonly supposed, and its revised versions are particularly v...


Congenital malformations are major causes of mortality and morbidity in childhood in Australia. Accurate local incidence data are essential for genetic counselling and research, for epidemiological studies of causation, including studying claimed teratogens, for planning health care facilities for children with congenital malformations, and for monitoring environmental teratogens. However, very little population‐based data are available in Australia for these purposes. Only data on selected defects in a few States have been collected. This paper reports on a study done in Western Australia to see whether existing data sources could be used for an ongoing Statewide register. The study revealed that 3% of all births had a major or minor malformation recorded at birth. Multiple sources of data were better than single sources. For complete, accurate data collection for the uses outlined above, additional sources of notification are essential; such a system for improved collection of incidence data on congenital malformations in Western Australia is described.


The report describes the use of the High Precision Acoustic Surveying System on the Museum of Tropical Queensland 1999 Pandora Expedition and on a project undertaken by the Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek and the Netherlands Institute of Ship Archaeology (ROB/NISA) on the remains of a Roman bridge at Maastricht, The Netherlands.


When the Tennessee Valley Authority was created, its promoters had visions of flood control, irrigation, electric power, navigation, recreation, and industrialization; but even George Norris himself didn't foresee the full range of purposes that might be served by such a multipurpose project. The Director of Navigation Development and Regional Planning for the TVA tells of its pioneering work as, of all things, a generator of statistical data.


Background: Retrorectal cyst are rare lesions. Their clinical presentation is nonspecific, thus hampering their detection and frequently leading to misdiagnosis. According to their origin and histopathologic features, rectorectal cysts are classified as epidermoid, dermoid, enteric (tailgut cysts and cystic rectal duplication), and neurenteric cysts. Here we present the clinical, radiological and surgical findings in a case with a retrorectal dermoid cyst. Case Report: A 47-year-old male patient presented with rectal fullness and pain. MRI and CT studies revealed a noncalcified, unilocular, cystic mass lesion with well-defined borders. On MRI, self-contained fat spheres were detected inside the cyst. The cyst was excised completely by laparotomy. Pathological assessment revealed a dermoid cyst. The patient's postoperative period was uneventful, and there was no recurrence during a 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: Complete surgical excision is indicated to establish the diagnosis and avoid complications of retrorectal cysts.


Every polyhedron can be decomposed into a Minkowski sum (or vector sum) of a bounded polyhedron and a polyhedral cone. This paper establishes similar statements for some classes of discrete sets in discrete convex analysis, such as integrally convex sets, L-natural-convex sets, and M-natural-convex sets.


A communist utopia, the professed goal of all Leninist regimes, is incompatible with a monetary economy or commercial activities of any kind. Hence, the gradual displacement of commerce is seen as an important part of the transition to full-fl edged communism. However, no communist state has ever been able to eradicate private economic activities completely and despite their persistent efforts, all Leninist regimes have had to tolerate the existence of a "second economy." In North Korea this "second economy" was originally treated with unusual harshness. The economic collapse of the 1990s, however, was marked by a powerful revival of the "second economy" and a boom in private commercial activities, known to the North Koreans as changsa (the literal translation is "dealings in the marketplace"). While comprehensive statistics on market activities in North Korea are not available (and perhaps do not exist at all), one is now able to obtain a wealth of information about this sector from North Korean defectors in South Korea. This article traces the changes as experienced by a group who were directly involved in market activity in the late 1990s. The authors have conducted in-depth interviews with North Korean defectors who now reside in Seoul. All interviewees can be described as fullor part-time market vendors whilst in North Korea. The unstructured interviews have allowed us to concentrate on issues with which a particular interviewee may be most familiar. However, refugee interviews can be biased, as Jung and Dalton have recently noted.1 Hence, this paper uses other material to corroborate the interviewees' data—largely publications in the South Korean press. To protect the refugees' identities, we refer to them using only their numbers. Some relevant information in regard to our interviewees is summarized in the following table.


Genipa americana L., one of the best known woody Neotropical Rubiaceae (Gardenieae: Gardeniinae), is a robust tree which bears edible fruits, much appreciated by local people as a source of food, and by Amerindians for the preparation of body paint (Steyermark 1974). The cultivation of Genipa sp. is reported by Milliken et al. (1992) around the villages of the Waimiri-Atroari Indians. The species can also be utilized as timber, e.g. in Brazil (Lorenzi 1992) and Costa Rica (Burger & Taylor 1993). Alongside the widespread Genipa americana L. (including G. spruceana Steyermark, here treated as a synonym), there seem to be only two other species in the genus, namely G. williamsii Standley, from Costa Rica and Panama (not considered further here), and G. infundibuliformis Zappi & Semir from southeastern Brazil, described here.


Aortitis is the general name for a spectrum of disorders involving inflammation of the aorta1. The causes of aortitis are most easily sorted into either infectious or noninfectious disease. Infections associated with aortitis include syphilis, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, other bacteria, and mycobacteria, especially M. tuberculosis. Noninfectious causes of aortitis include several forms of primary and secondary large-vessel vasculitis. Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu's arteritis are the most common causes of noninfectious aortitis. At least 20% of patients with GCA and 50%–70% of patients with Takayasu's arteritis will develop changes consistent with aortitis, many of whom develop aortic aneurysms2–7. Aortic involvement is also seen in relapsing polychondritis, Cogan's syndrome, and Behcet's disease, and has been reported as a rare association with other vasculitides and systemic rheumatic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies. There is growing recognition that "isolated" aortitis may occur without evidence of an infection or systemic disease.

Although patients with Takayasu's arteritis, and increasingly those with GCA, are now routinely screened for aortic involvement, aortitis is still often diagnosed only after surgical specimens taken during repairs of aortic aneurysms or dissections are examined histologically. It is likely that there are many people with aortitis whose aortic lesions never come to medical attention, although the routine use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the thorax and abdomen for evaluation of many medical conditions will likely lead to a steady increase in the number of cases of "incidental" aortic disease discovered. Furthermore, because many signs and symptoms of large-vessel vasculitis may be vague or simply unrecognized as due to vasculitis, retrospective studies almost certainly underestimate the prevalence of preexisting vasculitis among patients with "incidentally" discovered aortitis.

The clinical effects of aortitis range from asymptomatic mild aortic thickening, stenosis, or aneurysmal dilatation …

Address correspondence to Dr. Merkel. E-mail:pmerkel{at}bu.edu


The intention of this work is, on the one hand, to present the Music of Moors and Christians, a cultural and artistic heritage that is established as one of the most important traditions of all the Valencian Community and the other hand, check if it facilitates the learning of music content compared to classical music. It is a very valuable contribution that has enriched the original repertoire for band since it presents some own contents that print character to and make it different from any other musical genre. In addition, constitutes a very interesting educational and curricular material for music content in the same way that we do with music. The music of Moors and Christians has been an interesting bet that has raised new and future lines of research.


Community Plastics is a neighbourhood initiative in which plastic waste from households is collected and recycled into small and simple products for the public spaces in the neighbourhood. Examples are street signs, birdhouses, planters and furniture. By turning the plastic waste into valuable products it becomes clear that plastic is more than waste, we create value, awareness, and sustainable and social activities in the neighbourhood.


A time-of-flight technique has been used to investigate the long-lived 3 P 0 and 3 P 2 states of neon, argon, and krypton. The velocity distribution of metastable atoms is sampled and detected at two posi tions, 1.9 m anq 6.7 m from the electron gun used to excite the meta stable states. A comparison of the number of metastables within given velocity intervals at the two detectors determines the number which decay in flight and gives a lower limit for the long radiative lifetimes. The results are: a composite decay resulting from other long-lived states cascading to the 3 P states. The present are limited by residual gas or beam-beam scattering, and by the length of the time-of-flight region being short compared to a decay length.


Background The knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of people during the coronavirus pandemic are pivotal to the uptake of recommended preventative strategies. Objective This paper describes the Malawian KAP related to coronavirus and associated public health measures. Methods This was a multi-site cross-sectional survey where data was collected through personal one-on-one interviews in nine Malawian districts over 3 weeks (5-25 October 2020). 521 participants (>18 years) were enrolled to answer a questionnaire. Results We found that all respondents were aware of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic with the majority using the Radio. 75% of participants displayed knowledge of all key symptoms of coronavirus disease (cough, fever, and shortness of breath) and additionally, the majority of participants (97%) knew enough to take some sort of intervention (calling a hotline or visiting the nearest hospital) if they developed symptoms. Participants also demonstrated a high perception of the risk of coronavirus, where >60% believed to be susceptible to the coronavirus under the current preventative measures, and >50% believed they would die from the infection. Communities displayed a high perceived effectiveness of all preventative measures, with "hand hygiene using soap and water" being perceived as effective by the majority of respondents. Although the majority of the participants (>80%) were willing to self-isolate at home, various barriers to home isolation were raised which would ultimately influence their ability to do so. Conclusions Baseline community psychosocial and behavioral information which influence the adoption of public health measures in Malawi has been highlighted alongside recommendations for best practices.


This thesis begins with some introductory remarks on bioorganic chemistry in general and model studies of enzymatic reactions in particular (chapter I).... Zie: Summary


The present invention discloses a cleaning residual adhesive glue stains cleaning agent and its production process, designed to provide an environmentally friendly formulation, production process is simple, can effectively remove adhesive glue stains on appliances various cleaning agents its production process; technical points are: the cleaning residual adhesive glue stains cleaning agents, made of the following mass percent composition: enzyme control stickies from 0.001% to 0.1%, ~ 50% deionized water 90%, sulfobetaine-type surfactant 5% to 40%, cocamidopropyl amine oxide 0.5% to 20%, 0.1% to 0.5% preservative, 0.1% to 1% flavor, the components is 100%; agents belonging to clean technology.


In order to screen and identify the fungal strains with nematicidal activity against the pine wood nematode,Barsaphelenchus xylophilus,from the fungi isolated from the marine environment,in this paper,the dilution and streak plate method was used to isolate fungal strains from the samples collected from the Yellow Sea near Qingdao.The culture filtrate and mycelial extract of the fungal strains isolated were assayed in vitro for nematicidal activity using immersion test.At the same time,based on the colonial morphology,size,color and other characteristics,six pure strains were isolated.After preliminary screening,two strains with strong nematicidal activity were obtained.Strain HZ-1-1 showed the highest activity against B.xylophilus.The revised mortalities of B.xylophilus treated with the culture filtrate and mycelial extract of HZ-1-1 for 28h were 72.6% and 84.1%,respectively.Strain HZ-1-2 reached the highest nematicidal activity against B.xylophilus treated with the culture filtrate and mycelial extract for 32 h,and the corrected mortality were 46.3% and 58.8%,respectively.The strain HZ-1-1 with the highest activity was selected for further experiments.The experimental result showed that the fungal strain HZ-1-1 belonged to the genus of Verticillium.This study had important theoretical significance for the biological control of pine wilt disease caused by the pine wood nematode.


PURPOSE
We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic reliability of high resolution CT (HRCT) in the study of knee joint conditions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
We reviewed the results of 400 HRCT examinations of the knee performed in 1993 and compared them with arthroscopic findings. The patients were affected with knee pain and the physical findings were insufficient for diagnosis but a sufficient indication for further instrumental tests. CT slices were 1 mm, with .5 mm feed; the images were reconstructed on the coronal and sagittal planes (2 mm thickness and 2 mm gap) with a CT Sytec 3000 unit (GE Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA).

RESULTS
The patients positive for meniscal fracture were submitted to arthroscopy and operated on if positive arthroscopically. We had 164 surgical cases even though the meniscus was damaged in 236 cases. CT was negative in 16 of 164 surgical cases. The meniscal injury was demonstrated with both CT and arthroscopy in 236 cases; there were 8 false positives and 32 questionable cases. In the latter, arthroscopy showed 24 cases of meniscal degeneration and 8 horizontal fractures. Diagnostic accuracy was 96%. CT showed the 8 false positives as radial injuries of the free margin, but in fact they were false images caused by a normal fold which increases in knee valgus.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
HRCT is more reliable than conventional CT (diagnostic accuracy: 96% vs 85-90%) and MRI (90% reliable). The use of thin slices also permitted to show that a meniscal tissue interruption on the radial margin is not referrable to fracture, as indicated also in the recent literature, but to a normal fold.


By contrasting the two finite models, a practical finite element computational model of X-cor sandwich's compressive modulus was proposed. Through numerical analysis the X-cor sandwich's stress field and compressive modulus were achieved and the effects of changing Z-pin's radius, density, angle and volume fraction to the X-cor sandwich's compressive modulus were analyzed. The numerical analysis results indicate that as the Z-pin's angle increases the X-cor sandwich's compressive modulus decreases, as the Z-pin's radius, density and volume fraction increase the X-cor sandwich's compressive modulus increases. Through the computation of finite model the influencing trends of X-cor sandwich's parameters are achieved and the rationality of the proposed finite model is verified.


In order to examine automobile safety performance over a wide range of design parameters it is necessary to rely on computer generated response surface studies. One of the tools for use in such studies is the Passenger and Driver Simulator (PADS) system from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The PADS system includes a 2-D occupant simulator, a NHTSA supported vehicle data base, graphical output, and extensive preprocessing support. The PADS simulator itself contains a 3-point restraint system and a detailed steering assembly model with six modes of rotation and collapse. This report describes the current status of PADS implementation.


There are many issues of ethics and openness in elite interviewing that I have learned how to deal with through the years.Thanks to Beth L. Leech, Rutgers University, for including me in this workshop. I learned a lot listening to my fellow interviewers and gleaning wisdom from their experiences. Thanks also to Jeffrey Berry and the Political Organizations and Parties Section of APSA for putting the workshop on. My work has focused on people who cause trouble: protesters, litigants, defendants, sidewalk counselors, rescuers, and abortion providers, to name a few. Of course, in dealing with people you are studying you must be honest and ethical. It is important to remember that their activism comes from something they deeply feel. Their activism is because of their beliefs, opinions, experiences, and sense of community. They do not exist as activists so that you can add more lines to your vita or finish your dissertation. You must leave them in the same position in which you found them. You must do no harm to them.