The research of vegetation fluctuations caused by the construction of the roadway across the swamp waters run-off revealed that for the twenty years of the road functioning the structure of the mire ecosystems has changed, the number of mire vegetation species microcombinations has grown, with the total number of species being practically invariable.


Understanding hydrogeological processes at the origin of thermal and mineral groundwater are necessary to ensure their sustainable management. However, many processes are involved in their genesis and often only one or two processes are investigated at the same time. Here, we propose to use an innovative combination of geochemical, isotopic (34S, 14C, 18O, 2H) and geothermometry tools to identify, for the first time in a multi-composite geological context, all processes at the origin of diversified thermo-mineral waters. 19 springs covering a wide range of temperature and chemical composition emerging on a restricted area of Corsica Island (France) were selected. Geochemical results highlight five geochemical provinces, suggesting a common origin for some of them. Geothermometry tools show the unexpected involvement of a common deep groundwater reservoir within this non-active zone. Water stable isotopes highlight a contrasted altitude in recharge areas supplying lowland springs. This suggests that different flow patterns have to be involved to explain the wide geochemical diversity observed and to allow the design of a very first conceptual groundwater-flow model. This paper demonstrates the efficiency of the combination of the selected tools as tracers of water–rock interaction, independently of flow depth, intrinsic water properties, geological conditions and interaction time disparities.


Simple Summary Most malignant tumours are highly heterogeneous at molecular and phenotypic levels. Tumour variability poses challenges for the management of patients, as it arises between patients and even evolves in space and time within a single patient. Currently, treatment-decision making usually relies on the molecular characteristics of a limited tumour tissue sample at the time of diagnosis or disease progression but does not take into account the complexity of the bulk tumours and their constant evolution over time. In this review, we explore the extent of tumour heterogeneity and report the mechanisms that promote and sustain this diversity in cancers. We summarise the clinical strikes of tumour diversity in the management of patients with cancer. Finally, we discuss the current material and technological approaches that are relevant to adequately appreciate tumour heterogeneity. Abstract Human solid malignancies harbour a heterogeneous set of cells with distinct genotypes and phenotypes. This heterogeneity is installed at multiple levels. A biological diversity is commonly observed between tumours from different patients (inter-tumour heterogeneity) and cannot be fully captured by the current consensus molecular classifications for specific cancers. To extend the complexity in cancer, there are substantial differences from cell to cell within an individual tumour (intra-tumour heterogeneity, ITH) and the features of cancer cells evolve in space and time. Currently, treatment-decision making usually relies on the molecular characteristics of a limited tumour tissue sample at the time of diagnosis or disease progression but does not take into account the complexity of the bulk tumours and their constant evolution over time. In this review, we explore the extent of tumour heterogeneity with an emphasis on ITH and report the mechanisms that promote and sustain this diversity in cancers. We summarise the clinical strikes of ITH in the management of patients with cancer. Finally, we discuss the current material and technological approaches that are relevant to adequately appreciate ITH.


The primary objective of the initial research given in this paper has been to experimentally validate the proposed fiber optic concept, and to define the optimum optical configuration for the HOP, consistent with user requirements and practical design constraints. A theoretical analysis of the optimum optical geometry is performed, followed by measurements on an optical test bench to validate the concept. A wide variety of optical geometries in both forward- and back-scatter were theoretically analyzed. An optimal condition in forward scatter was selected; this geometry maximizes number concentration capability and can be used for a wide range of particle materials, ranging from transparent spheres to opaque irregular coal particles. The optimal geometry was configured on an optical breadboard and experiments conclusively proved the validity of the fiber optic concept. In addition, other experimental work has shown the benefits of long line, high bandwidth signal transmission by fiber optics in both research and industrial environments. A concept design for the HOP, based on these results, is described in the paper.


Objective:To establish an HPLC method to separate rabeprazole and its enantiomer on α_1-acid glyco- protein chiral column.Method:The effects of chromatographic conditions including pH of mobile phase,ionic strength,type and concentration of organic modifiers,flow rate on chiral separation were studied.Results:Rabe- prazole enantiomers were separated using an acetonitrile-0.02mol·L~(-1)phosphate buffer(pH 6.0)(14:86)and a methanol-0.02mol·L~(-1)phosphate buffer (pH 6.0)(20:80)at 0.8mL·min~(-1).Conclusion:The pH of mo- bile phase,ionic strength,type and concentration of organic modifiers,flow rate on chiral separation were important chromatographic variables in the separation of rabeprazole enantiomers.


In IoT (Internet of Things) environment, a number of sensors and networks
exist and they have various and heterogeneous characteristics. Applications, which provides a variety
of services based on the sensor networks, also have different service requirements. Therefore, a middleware
that is located between sensor networks and application systems is needed for integrating
two layers.

This paper proposes a general-purpose middleware for providing intelligent services based
on heterogeneous sensors existing in the IoT environment.

The proposed middleware acquires and manages sensing data in real-time. The middleware
stores and manages heterogeneous sensors, node, and network metadata. In addition, the middleware
infers the situation based on ontologies and rules and provides intelligent services.

The paper has proposed integrated metadata to describe heterogeneous sensor, node and
network information. The third is the intelligent service management system to provide sensor-based
intelligent service to users. The paper has proposed the SS ontology for describing sensors and services
and proposed a method for providing intelligent services using the SS ontology and rules. Of
course, the three systems operate independently, so they can be used selectively as needed. This paper
implemented a prototype system based on the proposed method.

We expect that the proposed middleware can be used in various applications for sensorbased
intelligent service processing. In the future, we plan to expand the method to provide an intelligent
service by automatically gathering semantic data.


The invention discloses a multidirectional intelligent shower system. The multidirectional intelligent shower system comprises a shower head moving base, Y-axis and Z-axis moving devices, a controller and a manipulation device, wherein the Y-axis and Z-axis moving devices can drive the shower head moving base to move in two perpendicular directions in the vertical plane, the controller is used for controlling the Y-axis and Z-axis moving devices to act, and the manipulation device is used for stimulating the Y-axis and Z-axis moving devices to act or stop. A shower head insertion base is arranged on the shower head moving base so as to fix a shower head. According to the multidirectional intelligent shower system, the shower head can be made to move and stop in any position on a wall, and thus a user can have a multidirectional intelligent shower.


The thesis attempts to analyze the features of online learning motivation of adults in open universities and discover the factors that may influence the motivations of adult learning, respectively in the perspective of techniques, courses and learners. Through the application of some online motivation learning modes, the thesis strives to design several online learning activities in the specific course in the hope of effectively solving the low online learning consequence and maintaining the ecological online learning environment.


BACKGROUND
since SAR-COV- 2 infection emerged and spread worldwide, little is known about its impact on people living with HIV. We performed a single-center retrospective study in order to describe the potential particularities and risk factors for respiratory failure in that population.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
this single-center retrospective study included patients infected with HIV whose current follow up is run in this center, above 18 years-old, with diagnosis of SARS- CoV-2 infection between 05/03/20 and 15/04/21. We collected data regarding HIV immunological and virological status, main epidemiological characteristics as well as those conditions considered to potentially influence in SARS-CoV-2 evolution; and clinical, microbiological, radiological, respiratory status and survival concerning COVID-19. We compared all that, for patients with and without respiratory failure (RF) and performed a logistic regression for suspected risk factors for RF.

RESULTS
177 HIV patients were diagnosed from COVID-19 (mean age 53.8 years, 81.3% male). At diagnosis 95.5% were receiving ART and 91.3% had undetectable viral load, with median CD4 count of 569 cells/μL. 138 patients (78.4%) had symptoms, 44 (25%) developed respiratory failure and 53 (31%) developed bilateral pneumonia. The most commonly used treatments were: steroids (26.7%) and hydroxychloroquine (13.1%). When comparing patients with and without respiratory failure, we found statistically significant differences for 20 of the analyzed variables such as age (p<0.001), CD4 (P 0.002) and route of HIV transmission by intravenous drug users IVDU (P 0.002) were determined. In multivariate analysis, age (OR 1.095) and CD4 count less than 350 cél/μL (OR 3.36) emerged as risk factor for RF.

CONCLUSIONS
People living with HIV whose CD4 count is less than 350 cells are at higher risk of developing respiratory failure when infected by SARS-CoV-2.


There is now a large body of research which examines students' misconceptions in a variety of science subject areas. A problem exists, however, in applying the findings of this research to the classroom. One means of improving the application of misconceptions research is by the use of diagnostic tests which incorporate the findings of this research. A methodology for developing these diagnostic tests and the use of two such tests ‐‐ in chemistry (covalent bonding and structure) and in biology (photosynthesis and respiration in plants)‐are described. Analysis of the results of the tests given to class groups illustrate the ease of identification of misconceptions which can be subsequently addressed by the teacher.


The position and role of practice in the mechanical drawing teaching is discussed and it is put forward that the methods and strategies of drawing and identifying capacity of the students should be paid more attention so that the students can draw and identify the drawing actually.


Pancreatic duct stones are found in approximately 22 to 60% of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). The stones can lead to obstruction of the outflow of pancreatic juice, causing increased intraductal pressure, tissue hypertension and ischemia, which may be a major factor causing pain in patients with CP. Successful stone extraction during ERCP depends upon the size, number and location of the stones. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a method of stone disruption prior to endoscopic extraction and was shown to improve the results of endoscopic therapy for CP.


Defendants in recent litigation have been attempting to carve out a new category of fair use by arguing that a "parody of the author" is a valid form of parody, when in fact it is satire. This Note argues that the emergence of "celebrity satire" in the case law provides courts with a unique opportunity to reexamine the reasoning that underlies the Supreme Court's exposition of the parody doctrine in its seminal Campbell decision, and concludes that critical satirical works that target a work's author or other public figure connected to the borrowed work are entitled to fair use protection.


The article describes application of an industrial robot with an electric spindle for finish machining of parts made from aluminum alloy V95pchT2 and titanium alloy VT-20 using abrasive brushes. Effects of cutting velocity, brush deformation and supply on machining performance (edge size) and surface quality (positioning and roughness) have been identified. Based on the experimental data, mathematical dependencies have been developed. Manual labor mechanization and automation in edge machining or surface cleaning are still crucial issues for aircraft, rocket and machine building. Edge machining operations can be either automated or manual. The latter method is time and labor consuming. Edge machining with abrasive brushes was described in [1–5] which deal with the issues of effective utilization of abrasive brushes and their rational application areas and technological functions. Some researchers describe contacts of abrasive brushes with the surface. However, the issues of edge machining robotization have not been touched upon in published researches. The present study seeks to analyze application of industrial robots for edge machining. The task is to study performance of edge machining with radial abrasive brushes and surface quality improvement methods. For research purposes, we used KUKA KR 210 R2700 EXTRA with RC90 electric spindle by Elettromeccanica Giordano Colombo (Italy) and a bench (Forster, Germany) of 4000х1500 mm in size. Before installing, we used TD2009 Comfort Plus module balance system by Haimer (Germany) to balance the tool to G6,3 according to State Standard ISO 1940-1-2007. Abrasive brushes are efficient edge machining tools. Currently, the brushes are produced by such companies as 3M (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company), C. Hilzinger-Thum, Eisenblatter, Hoffmann Group, Lippert Unipol, August Ruggeberg Pferd-Werkzeuge, Osborn International, JAZ, Hommel Hercules Werkzeughandel, etc. For research purposes, ВВ-ZB Type С (Fig. 1) and Type A (Fig. 2) radial bristle brushes produced by 3М were used. Scotch-BriteTM Bristle brushes are round polymeric slices with straight or curved flexible bristles. Bristles are plastic embedded with abrasive (3МТМ CubitronTM) grit. The abrasive material is a precision pyramid-shaped crystal having a microcrystal structure. A brush of any width can be made of several discs (Fig. 1 and 2). * Corresponding author: firstname.lastname@example.com © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). MATEC Web of Conferences 224, 01014 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822401014 ICMTMTE 2018


Direct numerical simulations have been performed to study the effect of a stationary distribution of spanwise wall-velocity that oscillates in the streamwise direction on a turbulent boundary layer. For the first time, a spatially developing flow with this type of forcing is studied. The part of the boundary layer which flows over the alternating wall-velocity section is greatly affected with a drag reduction close to 50% which exhibits an oscillatory distribution with a wavenumber which is twice that of the imposed wall-velocity. The maximum in drag reduction occurs where the wall velocity is at its maximum (or minimum) and the minimum occurs where the wall velocity is zero. Comparisons of the mean spanwise velocity profiles with the analytical solution to the laminar Navier-Stokes equations show very good agreement. The streamwise velocity profile indicates a thickening of the viscous sub-layer when scaled with the local friction velocity and an upward shifting of the logarithmic region when scaled with...


Abstract Oxime-nitron tautomerism in various organic substances is widely discussed. However, only the oxime form has been established experimentally1,2. The existence of oxiine tautorder in the solution of 1 -alkoxy-2-oximino-3-methyl-4-nitro-3-phospholene-l-oxides (I, II) was confirmed spectrometrically. The x-ray structural analysis unexpectedly exposed the form of NH-nitron in crystals of substances I and II. It is the first experimental proof of the coexistance of oxime and nitron tautoneric forms. There are several factors that can stabilize the thermodynamically less H C NO 2 C NO preferable NH-nitron, like O-atom conjugation with exo- and endocyclic unsaturated bonds of nitrodiene system, or extraordinary molecular packing with intermolecular contact distance (P=0)0. O(O←NH=)2.60–2.70 A. . The detection of NH-nitron in crystals of sulphurcontaining structural analogue of I. and I1 2-oximino-3-methyl-4-nitro-3-thyolene-l,l-dioxide allows to suppose that the existence of the nitron form is based upo...


The Generalized Kohn Theorem in arrays of parabolic quantum dots with Coulomb interaction between the dots is violated, if there are different dot species involved. We solve the Schr\"odinger equation for cubic lattices with two different dots per unit cell: i) two different circular dots and ii) two elliptical dots, which are rotated by $90^o$ relative to each other. The interaction between the dots is considered in dipole approximation and long-- wavelength excitation spectra including FIR intensities are calculated. The energy spectrum of the first case can be expressed as a superposition of two noninteracting dots with an effective confinement frequency, which includes the effect of dot interaction. Only in the second case a splitting of degenerate absorption lines (versus magnetic field) occurs, which is a qualitative indication for interdot interaction. If the interaction becomes very strong and if all lattice sites (not necessarily confinement potentials) are equivalent, then the contribution of the dot interaction over-plays possible differences in the confinement potentials and the Kohn Theorem gradually re-entries, in the sense that one pair of excitation modes (pseudo Kohn modes) becomes independent of the interaction strength.


The problem of name ambiguity causes the results for a personal name query to be a mixture of web pages about different individuals sharing the same name. Name disambiguation as an important task of web mining and information retrieval is the process of grouping web pages into some clusters, where each cluster contains all web pages that refer to the same individual. This paper presents an unsupervised approach to name disambiguation problem. The proposed method exploits two sources of semantic information: discourse profile information derived from the local corpus and global information extracted from ontology. Our approach formalizes the name disambiguation problem as four main subtasks: pre-processing, discourse profile extraction, profile enrichment and profile clustering. First, our approach takes as input the web pages to be disambiguated and then cast them into annotated textual documents using pre-processing tools. Profile extraction phase extracts individuals' discourse profiles from pre-processed text. In profile enrichment phase, discourse profiles are enriched with semantic information obtained from an online ontology. In profile clustering stage, enriched profiles are grouped into some clusters such that each cluster contains the web pages refer to the same individual. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on a Farsi and English datasets. The experimental results are encouraging and indicate that the proposed method outperforms the baseline methods and its counterparts.


Nicox Inc. has been granted the North American promotional rights to Sequenom Laboratories' RetnaGene AMD laboratory-developed test for the evaluation of a patient's risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) disease progression within 2, 5, and 10 years.


An effective algorithm is studied to get the dynamic properties of the towed system with a towedbody. The towed system is divided into two parts: cable and towedbody.Then we establisha model for each part. The model of cable is based on the model of Ablow and Schechter; the model of body is based on the sixfreedom equation of the underwater vehicle. We combine the equations, and solve them together. We resolve the coupling of the two models by this method. The results of the numerical simulation prove that the algorithm is practical.


Objective To study the change regularities of BMD in lumbar spines and femur with increasing ege, and provide useful data for diagnosis of osteoporosis in Lanzhou Methods From Sept 2000 to July 2002,491 healthy people aged 20 through 89 years were selected to involve in the study BMD of the subjects was measured by DEXA(DMS,Challenger) at lumbar spines (L 2-L 4)and left hip in posteroanterior projection All data were saved in computer and all statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 8 0 system for personal computers Results Both males and females reached their peak bone mass at 30 years of age Then(at 40 years of age)the BMD began to decline gradually with increasing age During 50 to 59 years of age,the BMD of females dropped obviously,but the BMD of lumbar spine did not decreased in males Conclusion After reaching the peak bone mass,BMD decreases with increasing age, but this trend was not observed at lumbar spine in males


Objective To observe the risk factors of the pedo-pneumonia according with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS).Methods According to the criterion,2824 patients with pedo-pneumonia in hospital were divided into two groups(one group accorded with SIRS and the other one didn't).The incidence rates of complication,secondary infection,respiration failure and platelet reduction were observed between two group.Result There were significant differences between two groups(P0.025).Conclusion Risk in patients of pedo-pneumonia according with SIRS was higher than that without SIRS.


This article describes a new therapeutic perspective to normal and abnormal movement organization and to the treatment of neurologically based movement disorders as developed by the Tscharnuter Akademie for Movement Organization (TAMO). While traditional therapy approaches relate developmental changes almostly exclusively to the maturation of the central nervous system, this new therapy approach emphasizes environmental forces and conditions that exert an organizing influence on motor patterns. These include gravitational torque, load, support surface and task, all of which can be directly manipulated by therapists in order to optimize conditions for the spontaneous organization of adaptive motor patterns. This leads to treatment objectives and handling techniques that differ from presently practiced therapy approaches. Rather than correcting movement patterns directly, the therapist applies forces and torques which contribute to the spontaneous formation of adaptive motor patterns. In contrast to neuro-d...


Predominantly single-phase bulk samples of Ti4AlN3 was successfully synthesized by a hot-pressing method using blended powders with n(Ti)◇n(Al)◇n(TiN)=1◇1.2◇2.7 as starting materials.The sintered sample was fully dense and well-developed,the relative density of it reaches 98.5%.The Vickers hardness of Ti4AlN3 is low(2.9 GPa) while the flexural strength(384 MPa),compressive strength(523 MPa) and fracture toughness(6.5(MPa·m1/2)) are relatively high,which make Ti4AlN3 performs well on machinability.The electrical and thermal conductivity of Ti4AlN3 at room temperature are 4.6×105(Ω-1·m-1)and 12(W·m-1·K-1),the thermal conductivity is increasing at the range of 25 ~600 ℃.The linear expansion coefficient of Ti4AlN3 in 25~1100 ℃ is 9.0×10-6 K-1.Good thermal conductivity and stability at high temperature ensure that Ti4AlN3 can be applied in megathermal fields.


We analyze the quantum theory of Ws gravity in the chiral gauge, coupled to scalar fields or to W, matter. We evaluate the effective action through 3-100~ order, using both Feynman diagrams and OPE methods. We exhibit two distinct Ward identities for the Ws symmetry, in which new terms appear due to the essential non-linearities in the theory. The relation with KPZ's program for chiral gravity and its extension to Ws gravity are briefly discussed. Over the years there have been attempts to generalize theories of classical and quantum gravity (in arbitrary dimension D) to higher-spin extensions that include gauge fields of spin greater than or equal to three. Only recently it has become clear that in two dimensions such extensions - both at the classical and the quantum level - can successfully be made. The appropriate gauge algebras turn out to be so-called W-algebras, which are higher spin extensions of the Virasoro algebra; hence the name W-gravities. The prototype of these theories in the spin-3 extension of 2D gravity which is based on Zamolodchikov's W, algebra [l], called W, gravity, which is the subject of this paper.


Vitamin B12 or cyanocobalamin is obtained from the intake of food of restricted animal origin, especially milk, meat and eggs. During pregnancy, the fetus reserves vitamin B12 in the liver. This reserve is able to provide the needs of this vitamin in the first months of life. Our case refers to a 6-month-old infant in exclusive breastfeeding, who started a picture of loss of neuropsychomotor development, associated with hypotonia and megaloblastic anemia. Exams showed low serum levels of vitamin B12 and increased values of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Maternal research was performed, even if asymptomatic and without reports of comorbidities. Patient presented progressive improvement with vitamin B12 replacement, which was subsequently suspended, remaining only with the diet and with good evolution.


The input of terrestrial plant litter is one of the bases of river trophic networks. lts processing in streams (leaching by the water, conditioning by micro-organisms, shredding by invertebrates, physical destruction by the current) has been extensively investigated along with the corresponding energy fl?w. There a:e some hints that such a vital process 1s affected In unhealthy or otherwise impacted environments (CUMMINS et al. 1989, DANGLES & GUEROLD 1998); hence fundamental and applied interest in its investigation. Although they are a common occurrence in Mediterranean climates, little investigation has been carried out on temporary rivers, possibly because they belong to both terrestrial and aquatic environments, o r because of their great temporal irregularity. Submersion and water quality, leaf breakdown, microbial colonization and activity on litter in temporary Oued Cherraa have been described in separate papers (MMMru et al. 1997a,b, 1998, 1999). Our aim here was to group these data so as to detect correspondence between them and the role of possible breakdown agents.


LASSO has been the preferred model selection procedure for a long time in regression models. Single Index Models (SIM) or Projection Pursuit Regression with a single term is a useful model where they are powerful classifiers in situation where classical logistics regression cannot handle. In this particular article, we will try to compare the use of LASSO in conjunction with SIM and other possible combinations of model such as AIC-SIM or AIC logistics regression in terms of predictive power.


This interview looks critically at how the humanities do not just study works of culture but work together with artists. Within the practice of a truly interdisciplinary approach, "artistic research" finds its way into the discussion as it operates at the intersection of many disciplines and as its transversal qualities continuously produce excess to maintain complexity within the given research context. These positions implicate us as researchers in culture and we work with as well as reflect on how these cultures always/already have an impact on our research, teaching, and learning.


Effects of rice husk ash (RHA) on the strength and temperature resistance of concrete were investigated. Different amounts of cement in concrete were replaced by RHA and fly ash (FA), used as mineral admixtures, under the condition of a constant binder content. The compressive strength and temperature resistance were tested at different temperatures. The results show that mixing concrete with the appropriate amounts of RHA can improve its compressive strength. At 800 °C, the strength is 50 % greater than that of normal concrete (NC). Thus, RHA can improve the strength and temperature resistance of concrete.


The article examines one of the important problems of modeling economic dynamics - the best choice of the production function which describes production processes in economic systems. The author shows that neoclassical functions mostly often used for this purpose are not the best class of the models.


Several public enterprises (PEs) from the developing countries are internationalizing their operations, with a few even turning -into multinational corporations. The paper presents evidence from an exploratory study of 36 Indian PEs on their internationalization orientation, and discusses the motives as well as factors facilitating and inhibiting it. The organizational design appropriate for internationalization and some issues in the management of internationalization of PEs are discussed. It notes the potential opportunities and threats internationalizing PEs may pose to MNCs from developed countries and public policy issues pertaining to PE internationalization.


Existing time-based and frequency-based RLCG extraction methods from measurements on uniform transmission lines are discussed. Using a THRU bisect de-embedding technique proved useful in removing resonances, particularly with the distributed resistance.


Accurate weight equations developed for morphing aircraft components have the potential to better substantiate the sizing results for various types of mo rphing aircraft. This paper will discuss a general strategy to develop parametric morphing wing weight equations usi ng response surface methods. A simple morphing wing concept will be used to demonstrate the se strategies . A design of experiments (DOE) b ased on the wing's geometric parameters will be used to define a range of planforms that will be structurally optimized; the designs considered here include the face -centered central composite design and a D optimal set of experiments. Two finite element -based structural optimization methods will be described and implemented to obtain the empirical structural weight for the various wing geometries. The acquired data will be used to approximate the weight equation using a conventional weight equation form and a full quadratic polynomial; both equations will be shown to provide adequate wing weight prediction.


Podgurski and Davis (1961) have measured deviations of 8% from the liiniting thermal transpiration ratio R = (T1/T2)lf2 a t pressures of neon and hydrogen as low as 5 X lop4 torr. Here R is the pressure ratio P1/P2, a t equilibrium, for portions of the system a t temperatures TI and T2 respectively. At a pressure of 5 X torr the mean free path X is large compared with the tubing diameter used (d = 2 min), particularly for hydrogen. The condition X/d >> 1 is frequently given (Young and Crowell 1962) as the condition required for the appearance of R = (TI /TZ)~ '~ . We report here experimental values of X for helium gas, measured by the absolute method in an ultrahigh-vacuum system over the pressure range 10-8 < P2 < 20 torr. The cold volume (Fig. 1) was a Pyrex bulb of voluine


Reaction of [Mn2(CO)5(dppm)2](dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) with HBF4·Et2O in the presence of acetonitrile gives the complex [Mn2H(CO)5(NCMe)(dppm)2][BF4] which reacts with cyanide ion to give [Mn2H(CN)(CO)5(dppm)2], shown by 1H, and 13C (90% enriched 13CN) n.m.r. to contain a terminal cyanide ligand. Decarbonylation with Me3NO·2H2O gives [Mn2H(CN)(CO)4(dppm)2], n.m.r. spectra of which at –90 °C are consistent with an asymmetrically bridging CN, probably C-bonded at one Mn atom and η2-bonded at the other. The 13C n.m.r. signal with coupling to 31P changes from a 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1 quintet (J= 10.8 Hz) at 25 °C to a 1 : 2 : 1 triplet (J= 22.1 Hz) at –90 °C because the CN group is oscillating between the two metal atoms.


Collection of blood from small laboratory animals is necessary for a wide range of scientific research and there are a number of efficient methods available for that. It is important that blood sample collection from experimental animals should be least stressful because stress will affect the outcome of the study. Various regulatory agencies and guidelines have restricted the use of animals and the techniques used for blood collection in laboratory animals. This article deals with the approved blood collection techniques for laboratory animals like rodents, lagomorphs and nonrodents. Permission of the Institute Animal Ethics Committee has been obtained for the use of animals for demonstrating the techniques.


Background and Overview of Environmental Issues (J.C. Balogh, V.A. Gibeault, W.J. Walker, M.P. Kenna, and J.T. Snow). Role and Conservation of Water Resources (J.C. Balogh and J.R. Watson, Jr.). Environmental Impacts of Turfgrass Fertilization (W.J. Walker and B. Branham). Environmental Impacts of Turfgrass Pesticides (J.C. Balogh and J.L. Anderson). Development of Integrated Management Systems for Turfgrass (J.C. Balogh, A.R. Leslie, W.J. Walker, and M.P. Kenna). Wildlife and Golf Courses (R.M. Tietge). Wetlands and Golf Courses (P.A. Kosian, M.E. Balogh, and R.M. Tietge). Aquatic and Terrestrial Toxicity Tables (S.R. Murphy). Index.


An efficient torsion element is developed to describe the restrained torsion of thin-walled beams based on the first-order torsion theory. The element has two nodes, each with two degree of freedoms, namely, total rotation and warping function of cross section. The element stiffness matrix is directly obtained on the basis of first-order torsion theory without the assumption of interpolation function and the derivation of classical finite element method, which is more convenient and applicable than the initial parameter method. This element can consider not only the warping deformation but also the shear deformation of cross section due to restrained torsion. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and reliability of current torsion element, and the comparison between the results obtained from current method and those from other approaches is also illustrated.


Today, all Universities and Educational Institutions seek to achieve quality in their services. In this project, it analyzes the performance of a school management web application, taking into account "the quality of the product and the quality in use", according to ISO 25010: 2011, in order to have the data to improve or optimize the system. A methodology for the evaluation of usability is proposed, applying two evaluation methods: the empirical method contemplates the design and application of a data collection instrument that evaluates indicators and metrics by users of the web application; and the heuristic method that discriminates and applies specific use software tools that automatically evaluates the web application. The usability evaluation in its first phase in the empirical method on the product quality model gives us a linear trend between 60% and 80%; in the second phase about the heuristic method on the quality of use with respect to accessibility, it obtained compliance values between 32% and 93%, and in speed from 71% to 99%.


Elective course of basketball aims at improving the students' comprehensive ability of techniques and tactics in playing basketball,teaching organization,and on-the-spot instruction and acting as referee.The author of the article thinks that,to promote the reform in teaching,and perfect the system of teaching and exam as well as to develop the students' comprehensive abilities in teaching and practice is an effective way to improve the taching quality in elective course of basketball and to train teachers of high quality.


The field, scattered by a random complex radar object (RCRO), is a function of the positional angle of the RCRO and the module of the wave number of the incident wave. A general form of polarization frequency-angular response function of the RCRO is found by using the RCRO scattering operator. However, the use of a two-dimensional polarization response function is not convenient. Factorization into the polarization-angular response function (PAR) and polarization-frequency response function (PFR) allows one to separate the investigations. The problem of factorization into PAR and PFR of a RCRO, having a random distribution of its scattering centers, is presented.


Gao Jianqun is a very important writer coming from the west in the new time period .His special experience make him have the special aesthetic angle. Furthermore his medium-length novels and long-length novels which is about " white house" frontier soldier's life in Yili.Xingjiang are not only become the poetical writting, but also own the special frontirer culture aesthetic character.


Interfacial coupling in hybrid magnetic heterostructures is being considered as a unique opportunity for functional material design. Here, we present the temperature dependence of magnetic properties of V2O3/Co bilayers influenced by the structural phase transition that is accompanied by a metal–insulator transition in V2O3. Both the coercivity and the magnetization of Co layer are strongly affected by the interfacial stress due to the magnetostrictive effect in the ferromagnetic film. The observed change in coercivity is as large as 59% in a narrow temperature range. The changes in the magnetic properties are reproducible and reversible, which are of importance for potential applications.


Can infiltration SuDS be installed anywhere? Infiltration SuDS can be installed where the ground conditions are suitable. Consideration must be given to the drainage potential, the stability of the ground and the potential impact of infiltrating surface water to the quality of the receiving groundwater. Where ground conditions are optimal, infiltration may form the principal drainage solution, elsewhere, it may provide part of the solution.


Load-resonant techniques use a resonant feature of capacitors and inductors during the entire switching period to vary the switching frequency, depending on the input voltage and load current. The change of the switching frequency, i.e. pulse frequency modulation (PFM), makes it difficult to design an SMPS including input filters. Since there is no output inductor for filtering, the clamped voltage across output-rectifying diodes allows designers to select low-voltage-rating diodes. However, the absence of the output inductor burdens the output capacitors when the load current increases, making load-resonant techniques unsuitable for applications with high output current and low output voltage.


Farmers' household income is an indicator of the level of prosperity by looking at the amount of expenses and family expenses. Mango production, which has increased every year, needs to be assessed according to the level of household poverty. The purpose of this study was to determine the household level of mango farmers in Situbondo Regency. The research location was determined purposively in the Makmur Jaya I Farmers Group, Jangkar District, Situbondo Regency. Population and sample with saturated sampling technique with a population as well as a sample of 25 respondents. Data were collected through primary data (direct interviews using a questionnaire) and secondary data from related agencies and literature related to this study. The data were analyzed by using quantitative descriptive analysis which was measured using Sajogyo's poverty theory. The prosperity level of the members of the Makmur Jaya I Farmer Group is in the decent living category of 64% and the moderate category of 36%. None of the mango farmers in this group are below the poverty line.


INTRODUCTION. Most prostate cancer initially displays androgen dependency for growth and survival such that tumor growth is inhibited by androgen deprivation. However, prostate cancer invariably progresses to an androgenindependent state marked by growth that is unaffected by hormonal manipulation. Abnormally suppressed levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) may contribute to deregulated cell proliferation in androgen-independent cancer. The androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP-R1, ALVA31, and PC-3, express low levels of the CKI, p21, compared to the less malignant, androgen-dependent LNCaP cells (1). Rho GTPases, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, are signaling proteins which are involved in a number of cellular processes including cell cycle progression, at least in part through regulation of CKIs (reviewed in 2). We examined a possible role for Rho family signaling in regulating cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis in prostate cancer cells.


The length of dry beach is one of the important parameters reflecting the stability of tailings dam, So dry beach length is an important aspect of tailings pond safety monitoring. In order to measure the dry beach length accurately, a deep learning-based dry beach length measurement method is proposed. The method is divided into 4 parts: (1) Install a camera to obtain tailings pond images; (2) Use the improved Mask R-CNN algorithm to train a network model that can identify the waterline position; (3). Perform contour extraction, obtain pixel coordinates and filter out the minimum pixel ordinate; (4). According to the monocular visual ranging model, the transformation formula between image coordinate system and dry beach coordinate system is obtained, and the length of dry beach is obtained by putting the minimum pixel coordinate into the transformation formula. Experimental results show that the model can accurately measure dry beach length with an error of less than 2.7%.


based on the literature reviews and expert consulting,the paper identifies 22 influencing factors,then analyzes the relationship among these factors,gets the interpretive structural modeling of technological innovation,through Matrix Impacts Cross-Reference Multiplication and classifying the influencing factors,finds the focus of technological innovation management and intervention.Finally,suggestions for improving technological innovation are provided.


This research is aimed to develop an interactive learning media based on guided inquiry for Senior High School grade XI that can be used as an alternative media for teacher in chemistry instruction and it also can be used by students as learning source. The subject is students of class XI Exact 1 SMA Negeri 4 Pinrang with 33 students. The development of the interactive learning media refers to ADDIE model that consist of several phases: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. This interactive learning media has been validated by validator and through limited trial and categorized as valid, effective and practical. The result showed that: (1) The average value of students learning achievement is 80 with class completeness is 87.88%; (2) The students gave positive response toward interactive learning media with percentage 93.94% which was included very good and the teachers also gave positive response with percentage 95.87% which was included very good. Therefore, it can be concluded that the interactive learning media can be used in chemistry instruction.


The wind in a limited region can be separated into the external and internal winds, which depend upon the vorticity and divergence only outside and inside the region, respectively. This is the basic property of the wind separation. A given case that the vorticity and divergence are given within the region and the wind is prescribed at the boundary is used to represent a common feature that is often produced in the prediction of a limited-area model and its initialization. If the estimated external wind for a given case satisfies the consistency condition at the boundary, the given case is a consistent case; otherwise, it is an inconsistent case. For an inconsistent case, it is impossible to find a continuous wind that satisfies the wind given at the boundary and yields the vorticity and divergence in agreement with those given within the region. A direct method with two Poisson equations of reconstructing the wind for a given case can only be used if the given case is a consistent case. The implicit normal-mode initialization (Temperton, 1988) is further illustrated from the wind reconstruction and wind separation. The goal of the initialization is to modify the analyzed ageostrophic wind to become the balanced ageostrophic wind. Only the imbalanced ageostrophic wind causes the fast gravity-inertia waves, and needs to be filtered in the initialization. From one computed example, the balanced ageostrophic wind is about 68 % of the ageostrophic wind, thus it is a good approximation to the ageostrophic wind. It is also found that the rotational component of the ageostrophic wind (3.38 ms -1 ) is larger than that of the divergent component (1.64 ms -1 ). The balanced wind is the sum of the geostrophic wind and balanced ageostrophic wind, and it is a good approximation to the observed wind. It is proved that the fixed wind components at the boundary cannot be used in the initialization because the initialized case in this situation is an inconsistent case. Based on the basic property of the wind separation, it is very natural to use the fixed external wind as the lateral boundary condition in the initialization. The proposed initialization and boundary condition have been tested and the results show that the meteorological noise can be effectively removed at the start of the forecast.


A great interest has been devoted to 3d transition metal ions,such as V2+,Cr2+,Cr3+,Mn2+,Mn3+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Co2+,Ni2+ and Cu2+,the optical and magnetic properties of the crystals which contain these metal ions almost depend on the ions.These ions which are doped into other crystals always greatly change the physical and chemical properties of the original crystals,so they are hot studied experimentally and theoretically.This review introduces the crystal-field and molecular-orbital approximation approaches,the theoretical foundation of the research of the optical and magnetic properties of these metal ions in crystals,analyzes the difficulties encountered in the research of the covalent crystals especially of the semiconductors with the crystal-field theory,comments the applications of the molecular orbit model and double spin-orbit coupling model approximations,and discusses the results and difficulties of the study on the optical and magnetic properties of the ions in crystals,such as optical absorption spectra,EPR spectra,Zeeman spectra,susceptibility,magnetization,magnetic specific heat,and so on.In addition,this review puts forward the prospects of the future research about some kinds of special optical and magnetic properties of some 3d metal ions in the crystals.


World crude oil production in 1992 was virtually unchanged from 1991. Production last year averaged 59.96 million b/d, up only 17,000 b/d from 1991. Substantial production declines in the C.I.S. and U.S. were offset by increases among members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and a number of other countries outside the OPEC sphere. Figures from the International Energy Agency (IEA) show world demand for petroleum products moved up 300,000 b/d to 66.9 million b/d. This included an addition to stocks of an estimated 1000,000 b/d. IEA predicts world demand will continue to rise in 1993 and OPEC output will advance to meet this higher level. Even though OPEC production is expected to be up for the year, seasonal swings in demand can cause price fluctuations. The paper describes OPEC production, non-OPEC production, oil prices, the world oil supply, Russian's decline, world demand, and the outlook for 1993.


Our goal is to reveal precisely the effects of the different three-dimensional influences that act on the spiral wake and to compare its structure with the near-two-dimensional region found farther inboard. Both single- and two-point hot-wire measurements were made to this end. Single-point measurements are presented here


Alkylation of isobutane with pentanes in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst can result in significant production of isopentane by hydrogen transfer. Conversion of pentenes into isopentane reduces the vapor pressure benefit of alkylating penetenes by adding isopentane to the gasoline pool


Retail plastics are commonly used for food and non-food packaging. Retail plastics that used for packaging of fresh product should have good physical and mechanical properties in order to keep the quality of the product. Mechanical properties of plastic packaging are seen from tensile strength and elongation percentage, while physical properties are seen from water vapour permeability and morphology surface. Retail Plastics that has good mechanical properties is HDPE and HDPE perforated. Biodegradable plastic has low mechanical and physical properties because of a mixture of tapioca starch. The effect of storage temperatures are reduced the mechanical properties of HDPE and HDPE perforated, especially in low-temperature storages. While storage temperatures does not affect the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic significantly. Based on morphology surfaces, storage in low temperature will change the surface of biodegradable plastic. Its seen from the increasing number and shape of the granules of starch on the surface of the plastic. Water vapor permeability of HDPE and HDPE perforated increased during the time of storage, while the biodegradable plastic showed a decreased. Keywords : retail plastics, biodegradable plastic, physical-mechanical properties


Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic inflammatory disorder affecting the small intestine and rectum mucosa. The main clinical manifestations are bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain. Vitamin D3 has a role in the immunological response and ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease closely related to decreased levels of vitamin D3. This study examined the effects of vitamin D3 on IFN-γ and IL-1β which play a role in colitis mechanism, and colonic mucosal repair in DSS-induced colitis mice models. This is an experimental study using a randomized post-test only control group design with 21 samples, divided into three groups. The results showed significant epithelial damage found in the positive control group (9.42 ± 2.16) compared to the negative control group (0.33 ± 0.26) and treatment group (6.29 ± 1.48) based on MCHI scores and there was a significant difference in IFN-γ and IL-1β expression levels of mice colon epithelial cells among the groups.


Objective To explore the effects of hypertension on the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator( rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis. Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke who were administrated intravenous rt-PA within 4. 5 h after the onset were selected. The onset time was between February 2009 and June 2013. Modified Rankin Scale( mRS) was used to evaluate the recovery of neurological functions. Patients were divided into the good prognosis group( mRS scores were 0- 1) and poor prognosis group( mRS scores were 2- 6) according to the scores of mRS. General informations of patients were collected and compared between two group and risk factors were analyzed. Results The difference of the percentage of patients with hypertension of the good prognosis group( n = 92) and poor prognosis group( n = 83) was not statistically significant( 66. 30% vs 67. 47%,P = 0. 870). The results of logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that hypertension was neither a risk factor of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage( OR = 0. 453, 95% CI:0. 087- 2. 352, P = 0. 346) nor a influencing factor of the prognosis of thrombolysis( OR = 1. 014, 95% CI: 0. 933- 1. 101, P = 0. 746). Conclusion The hypertension has no significant effect on the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke by rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis.


Imazethapyr and bentazon were applied with petroleum oil adjuvant in a factorial arrangement to weed species in greenhouse and field research to determine if postemergence weed control by imazethapyr was antagonized when bentazon was tank-mixed. Tank-mixing 840 g/ha of bentazon with 13 or 27 g/ha of imazethapyr increased redroot pigweed and eastern black nightshade dry weight as compared to Colby's expected values in the greenhouse. However, weed control was not reduced in field studies. Subsequent greenhouse studies indicated that soil interception and resulting root uptake of imazethapyr increased redroot pigweed control. Bentazon decreased foliar absorption of 14C-imazethapyr by 15% and translocation of 14C from the treated leaf by more than 50% compared to l4C-imazethapyr applied alone.


To investigate the relationship between serum Incretin and acne vulgaris (AV) and insulin resistance (IR), and to find the biological indicators of acne vulgaris with insulin resistance.


The adsorption and switching behavior of 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-tert-butylazobenzene (meta-TBA) are investigated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy on three different metal substrates: Au(111), Cu(111), and Au(100). The trans state is the most stable configuration after adsorption, displaying similar appearances in the STM images, independent of the substrate. However, the self-assembly and switching behavior is highly dependent on the chemistry and corrugation of the surface. On the Au(111) surface, the tip-induced isomerization is probed successfully and different driving mechanisms are characterized. The experimental images are in good agreement with calculated ones. However, the switching effect is completely suppressed on Cu(111) and Au(100).


UBSS (unde-determined blind source separation) is composed of the stages of BMMR (blind mixing matrix recovery) and BSR (blind source recovery). Generally, these two stages are executed using the sparseness of the observed data, and their performance is influenced by the accuracy of the measure of the sparseness. In this paper, as introducing the measure of the sparseness using the Gini coefficient to BSR stage, we obtained more accurate measure of the sparseness and better performance of BSR than methods using the -norm, -norm, and hyperbolic tangent, which was confirmed via computer simulations.


NJE Enhancements to NBI OASys Mail supplements the NBI OASys Mail Reference Guide (S200848) published by NBI Inc. The NBI vendor document covers the base Mail package (e.g., setting up tailors, alias lists), a package that allows NBI users to communicate with other NBI users on the same Integrated Control Unit (ICU) and to communicate with other NBI users on another ICU, when the ICUs are interconnected. NJE Enhancements to NBI OASys Mail assumes that you already know how to send mail to and receive mail from other NBI OASys users. It provides NBI users with necessary supplemental information for using ''Gateway'' Mail, which allows NBI users to communicate with Argonne computer users on the IBM mainframe or divisional VAX computers (see Appendix A for a description of the NBI configuration with the central Argonne computers and Table 1 for a list of Argonne nodenames) and to communicate with other research centers and universities through BITnet. By using Gateway Mail, NBI users can send and receive electronic mail to and from other computers on the network simply by using OASys Mail commands. NBI users type the same commands to communicate with external users via Gateway Mail as they use whenmore » communicating with other NBI users via OASys Mail.« less


The binary supergrating (BSG) extends the Bragg grating into frequency space, yielding a structure whose diffraction spectrum can be tailored at will. We demonstrate the BSG in a lateral satellite grating morphology, as a first proof-of-concept for adaptive spectral engineering.


The Met Office Global and Regional Ensemble Prediction System (MOGREPS) uses an on‐line inflation factor calculation to calibrate the spread of the ensemble in space and time and counteract the tendency of the Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) to underestimate analysis uncertainty. Sonde measurements are augmented with ATOVS brightness temperature observations to provide sufficient coverage across the globe. This paper describes how the scheme has been extended to improve the vertical distribution of spread. Separate inflation factors are derived for each of three 'bands' of model levels, loosely representing the boundary layer, troposphere and stratosphere. A continuous profile is ensured by linearly interpolating between the band centres. The error/spread relationship observed in each ATOVS channel is mapped onto the three bands using a set of weights obtained by integrating the appropriate Jacobians over the range of pressures covered by each band. These weights are found to be approximately constant, thanks to the small number of bands and the fact that near‐surface channels are not used over land. The revised initial perturbations lead to increased near‐surface spread which persists throughout the 72 h forecast and carries through to improved probabilistic scores. However, the near‐surface spread remains too small due to insufficient growth of spread by the forecast model. This suggests perturbation of sea‐surface temperatures, soil initial conditions, soil properties and boundary‐layer physics as priorities for future work.


The secession of South Sudan has rendered the political, security, economic and social situation of Sudan fragile. Thus, the IMF packages and foreign aids had yielded some positive returns on Sudan economy recovery.


Large-size prefabrication does not exist as an industry. Projects are built with plants designed specifically for each project, as it was the case of the Medellín Metro for whose viaduct they produced beams in its own plant, same as the sleepers for rails. The most buildings are cast-on-site reinforced concrete structures. Prestressed systems have not had much industrial impulse. There use is mostly in bridges.


This article proposes to interpret the appearance of the risen Jesus to the community of the disciples on Easter evening in terms of a Johannine theology and spirituality and as integral to the Johannine resurrection narrative as a whole. The scene is a narrative exploration of Johannine ecclesiology, that is, the establishment of the New Covenant with the New Israel and the raising of the New Temple, the body of Jesus, in it midst.


Background: Sexual well-being is essential in women's overall health. Emphasis is placed on the assessment of women's sexual behaviors across various domains. The purpose of this study was to describe the processes undertaken to evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire developed for assessing sexual behaviors in its domains among Iranian women through their reproductive age. Materials and Methods: A mixed method study using exploratory design was conducted with the Iranian women of reproductive age living in Rafsanjan, a city in the Kerman Province, the center of Iran. Item reduction was made in three main steps: 1) item development in the qualitative phase of the study; 2) determination of internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient; 3) content and face validity, construct validity using factor analysis. The qualitative exploratory phase produced the 62-item Sexual Behaviors Assessment Questionnaire (SBAQ). Results: The exploratory factor analysis revealed three domains include sexual capacity, sexual motivation, and sexual performance. Good internal consistency and reliability were obtained (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.81) for the global 33-item SBAQ. The items on the SBAQ revealed factor-loading > 0.5. Conclusion: The SBAQ is a new validated and culturally appropriate instrument for evaluating sexual behaviors of Iranian women through their reproductive ages. [GMJ.2016;5(4):208-14]


The influence of intensive and systematic training on the lower-extremity strength of professional basketball players has not yet been defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate professional basketball players' concentric strength of knee extension and flexion and the full range of motion, using an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 and 180°·s−1. The sample consisted of 12 male basketball players, all members of the same professional basketball team that has players in all playing positions. According to the results, there was no statistically significant difference between the dominant and the nondominant limb on the measures of peak torque, peak torque per body weight, work per repetition, and work per repetition to body weight ratio. There was a statistically significant increase in the ratio of peak torque in concentric flexion and extension of the knee with the increase in velocity. At the same time, the flexion-extension ratios of knees at 60 and 180°·s−1 are outside the limits of the literature. Therefore, we conclude that hamstrings in these athletes present higher-than-normal values in strength when compared with the literature. At the velocity of 180°·s−1, in flexion and extension, the values of peak torque and peak torque per body weight demonstrate greater strength in the nondominant limb in relation to the dominant. These results provide information about the existing relation between the dominant and the nondominant limb and the relation of flexors and extensors in concentric action, which seems to increase with the increase of velocity. The research encourages further study on basketball athletes and, more specifically, on the relation of flexors and extensors of the knee.


In this paper, we investigate the properties of rough approximations defined by preordered sets. We study the relations among the lower and upper rough approximations, closure and interior systems, and closure and interior operators.


The semiclassical expression for the spectral density (Gutzwiller{close_quote}s trace formula) can be viewed as a Fourier expansion in terms of classical (quasi)periodic orbits. The inverse Fourier transform of the full quantum spectral density therefore not only gives the periodic orbit spectrum in the semiclassical limit, but may also provide a tool to characterize the quantum spectrum. We investigate the scaled energy Fourier transform spectrum of the hydrogen atom and doubly excited states of helium. For exactly solvable hydrogenic Rydberg spectra we study the {open_quote}{open_quote}window{close_quote}{close_quote} effect due to the finite length of the spectrum, the influence of resonance width, and of quantum defects. In helium a large number of periodic orbits including previously unknown orbits can be identified. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


The three wind tunnels aresettled at Dep.of Civil Eng., Kyushu Institute of Technology. One is the closed circuit windtunnel with working section of 40×40×200cm which is used for mainly flow visualization.Other two open circuit wind tunnels.The one is Aerodynamics Wind Tunnel with working section 107×107×664 cm, the another is Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel with Wave Tank which has movable ceiling to control the produced boundary layer and to up the apparatus to produce the wind waves.The working section for the wind tunnel is width 240×length 2500 cmand the wave tank under wind tunnel is 120 (w) ×150 (h) ×2070 (1) cm.The Boundry Layer Wind Tunnel and the Wave Tank can be used in either separated form or coabined form.These apparatus are shown in detail in this paper.


Traditionally the diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a triad of increased intraocular pressures, characteristic optic nerve head (ONH) changes and corresponding visual field changes. Recent definition of glaucoma excludes intraocular pressure as a defining factor (1).The diagnosis of glaucoma depends on functional psychological tests and imaging technology of ONH morphology. Structural changes precedes that of functional changes. Despite the advent of new technology to assess ONH changes with Heidelberg Retinal Tomogram (HRT), Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) available for research, clinical acumen in detecting glaucomatous features of ONH is imperative in routine clinical practice. Very often in our busy outpatient practice , large disc associated with large cup and similar lesions are over diagnosed and labeled as "glaucoma". It is therefore imperative to differentiate glaucoma from non glaucomatous disc anomaly. Several conditions pose as ONH mimickers and these lesions often reiterates the need of careful clinical examination of ONH.(2,3). We present a series of three such cases.


The old order mennonites - application of family life cycle stages, John E. Peters South Asian Muslims in Britain - faith, family and community "That they be keepers of the Home" - the effect of conservative religion on early and late transitions into housewifery, Darren E. Sherkat class culture and household structure - a view from South Africa, Susan C. Ziehl) cultural adaptation and change - Aboriginal peoples in Manitoba maintain their differences, Rachel Lawrechuk and Carol D.H. Harvey.


This paper analyzes the main construction technology and process of WJQ40m/150t bridge girder erection machine, and discusses the corresponding construction technology points, providing reference for railway bridge girder construction operation.


This research has been carried out and analyzed by taking the main focus on the ability and behavior of teachers and their impact on the quality of education services. The method used is the explanatory survey method where the author went directly to the empirical level by spreading the questionnaire to 40 teachers at the State Elementary School. The technique of processing and analysis used is regression. The results showed that: (1) There is a positive and significant influence ability of teachers on the quality of education services at the State Elementary School. The amount of influence of the teacher's ability on the quality of education service is 32.1%. (2) There is a positive but less significant effect of teacher behavior on the quality of education service at the State Elementary School. The amount of influence of teacher behavior on the quality of education service is 3.7%. (3) There is a positive and significant influence teacher's ability and teacher's behavior together towards the quality of education service. The amount of influence of teacher ability and teacher behavior simultaneously on the quality of education service is 32,6%. Moving from the conclusion of the research that has been stated above, humbly the writer suggest that: (1) The result of research has shown that operationally both teacher ability and teacher behavior and quality of education service have been quite good. But as the development of community demands in the future it should not be satisfied until the present condition. It is recommended that the principal together with the teacher continue to improve the quality of education services in a sustainable manner with the development of teachers through participation in scientific forums so that the knowledge, insight and ability of teachers can keep abreast of developments. (2) It can be proved that both the ability and behavior of teachers affect the quality of education services. Therefore, to always maintain or improve the quality of education services that can be started by improving the ability and behavior of teachers through special attention to the needs and desires of consumers.


Large, ultrathin nylon capsule membranes were corked with synthetic glycolipid (2C14-glu and 2C14-gal) or grafted with synthetic polymers having pendant saccharides (Poly-glu and Poly-gal). The permeability of NaCl from the capsule corked with glycolipid bilayers having the α-D-glucopyranosyl head group, but not the β-D-galactopyranosyl head group, was increased by interaction with concanavalin A (Con A) because of the distortion of corking bilayers induced by the specific binding of Con A to the α-D-glucopyranosyl head group on the capsule surface. When the capsule grafted with polymers having pendant α-D-glucopyranosyl units, but not β-D-galactopyranosyl units, was employed, the permeability of water-soluble dyes was reversibly reduced and increased by the alternative addition of Con A and an excess of monosaccharides from outside, respectively. Thus, Con A could specifically form the cross-linked complex with the α-D-glucopyranosyl unit of graft-polymers on the capsule surface and could reduce the permeability. Upon addition of an excess of monosaccharides, Con A was removed from the capsule surface and the permeability reverted to the original fast rate. These permeability changes with Con A largely depend on the molecular size of the permeants. Thus, the lipid bilayers or graft-polymers on the capsule membrane was found to act as a permeation value responding to specific molecular recognition between lectins and carbohydrates on the membrane surface.


Tissue engineering is a relatively new field of science that combines cells, biomaterials, and engineering with the purpose of restoring or making current body tissues better.


Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of terminally differentiated B lymphocytes. Rational use of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, anti CD38 or CD 138, and tandem autologous stem cell transplant have improved 5-year overall survival beyond 50% in advanced countries. However, the disease prevalence is probably highest in Sub-Saharan Africa where diagnostic and treatment facilities are lacking. The authors have reviewed published articles on epidemiology and outcomes of MM in Nigeria in the light of international recommendations with the aim of suggesting adaptable practices in a resource-poor environment. Publications from Nigeria were obtained from search engines such as Google Scholar and PubMed while recent guidelines were obtained from websites of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and Medscape Oncology. The mean age at presentation ranged between 54 and 62 years, and there was a higher prevalence among males (ratio 1.1: 1–4.4: 1). A study in Nigeria found an increased incidence in oil-producing areas. In earlier publications between 2005 and 2007 years, about a quarter of patients could not afford treatment and most of the patients presented in advanced stages of the disease. During that period, the mean survival was 7 months and only 13.3% lived beyond 2 years. The treatment then was based on either melphalan ± prednisolone or combination of vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone. By 2012/14, thalidomide, bortezomib, biphosphonates, radiotherapy, and renal dialysis were introduced with a mean survival of 4 years. Optimization of available facilities would, therefore, improve the disease-free survival.


For the permanent requirement of producing clean steel, multiphase modelling has become a very important technology for process engineers, this tool is very useful to diagnose and control the refining operations in the ladle and the transfer operations from the ladle to the tundish and finally to the continuous casting mould. Most of the previous research studies on steel cleanness during tundish operations has been carried out during steady state periods, with the main purpose of developing an optimum tundish internal design implementing different flow control devices,1–3) and argon bubbling curtains.4,5) Nevertheless, during the unsteady state periods, at the start of a cast or a ladle change over, noticeable differences arise in the inclusion size and its morphology, also the amount of dissolved oxygen increases. These transient periods in tundish transfer operations have shown to be detrimental for the significance of clean steel production since some adverse phenomena are developed, like slag emulsification, slag layer aperture and dragged air into the steel bath. When the tapping of a new ladle starts, the slide gate is fully open to regain the operational tundish bath level; this generates a strong increment of the entry jet velocity Mathematical Modelling of the Effects of Transient Phenomena on Steel Cleanness during Tundish Transfer Practices


Nickel oxide (NiO) thin film was made using solvent casting method by keeping polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a base. Transparent film of Nickel oxide (NiO) was formed which was further examined by Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for understanding its properties in electromagnetic frequency. The measurement was carried out X-band for understanding its application microwave devices. The result indicated the decrease in dielectric constant with 0.5% concentration doping in PVA, the dielectric loss was about 0.15 in 9.5 GHZ. The scattering parameters (S11 and S12) were measured which give good reflection coefficient of -45dB and lower transmission value of -0.1dB. This material is suitable for microwave reflecting material.


The McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) were factor analyzed at five age levels: 2½, 3-3½, 4-4½, 5-5½, and 6½-7½-8½. The standardization sample (N = 1032) provided the source of data. Varimax rotated factors akin to four of the six MSCA Scales— General Cognitive, Verbal, Memory, and Motor—appeared at age 2½, and tended to appear at all older age levels. Factors akin to the Perceptual-Performance and Quantitative Scales emerged at ages 3-3½ and 5-5½, respectively. The overall findings were interpreted from a developmental perspective, and the data were shown to offer evidence for the construct validity of the MSCA.


This study aims to determine the role of Indonesian Notaries Association (INI) to the supervision of Notary in the implementation of duties in the position of Notary in Special Region of Jakarta. Notary in performing his duties of office can not be separated from the code of ethics that has been established and must be implemented by every existing Notary. The Indonesian Notary Association (INI) as the only organization of Notaries certainly has an important role in the field of supervision. Special Capital Region of Jakarta as the center of government certainly has a greater chance in the case of a violation, in this case the violation of the code of ethics, such as disrespect and uphold the prestige and dignity of the notary so that more supervision and explanation of the Profession of Notary Profession. It takes proper supervision from the Indonesian Notary Association (INI) where in addition to the reprimand is also required strict sanctions that can give a deterrent effect for the Notary in violation, in order not to happen again the same mistake and the notary's good name is maintained. Indonesian Notary Association is expected to give an important role in this case for the development of Notary Indonesia especially in Special Capital Region of Jakarta.


Abstract Introduction: Many oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) are available for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is recognized that additional therapies are needed and several new compounds are in advanced stages of development. Purpose: This narrative review considers the essential features of a successful OAD, the main classes of OADs that are currently used, and the therapies that may be available in the upcoming years. Results and Conclusions: The first OADs (sulfonylureas and biguanides) were discovered by chance. Although effective in reducing blood glucose levels, early sulfonylureas were associated with significant off–target effects, and the biguanide phenformin was discontinued due to adverse events. Although metformin is in the same drug class, it has a better safety profile and is now recommended as first–line treatment, except when contraindicated. Nonetheless, many patients require additional glucose control (even on metformin) with an agent that has a complementary mechanism of action. Developments in bench science have facilitated the selection of agents for specific therapeutic targets, with the thiazolidinediones providing an interesting example. This OAD class initially appeared encouraging, yet in clinical practice was associated with safety concerns. As a result, newer agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase–4 inhibitors, are undergoing more rigorous safety evaluations than OADs of previous generations. Promising compounds with novel mechanisms of action include the sodium–glucose co–transporter 2 inhibitors, the G–protein–coupled receptor agonists, and the balanced dual peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor–α/γ agonists. There is optimism that in the next few years, novel classes of OADs that are currently under development will offer additional blood glucose control options via complementary mechanisms of action. However, history has shown that compounds of the same class can have different safety profiles and treatment effects. Therefore, high–quality clinical trial evidence is needed for every compound.


Academic centres have an important role to fulfil in the process of building a knowledge- based economy. In order to pursue this ambitious task, they will leverage their resources as it is within universities that knowledge is generated and interpreted as an overarching resource of any learning organisation. The mission of universities is not limited to education or research and development only. At present, this mission is understood much more broadly: as a contribution which will enhance the economic potential of the region where the university is located. The latter task is by no means easy, especially when combined with an array of challenges that a tertiary education system is faced with in the 21 st century. Among them, one may mention globalisation of educational services, facilitation of knowledge transfer and technology transfer or steps to adjust the available curricula and programmes to the needs reported by the labour market.


Several academics have studied macro environment and strategic decisions and their importance to international business. A new trajectory concerns culture especially important. However, contradictory suggestions are found to occur in existing research regarding the importance and effects of culture on international business performance. Opposite perspectives create a current dilemma for both international business scholars and practitioners and indicate a need for additional research in the field. The aim of this study is to examine how culture affects international business performance from a brand licensor perspective. The main research question is "How does culture affect brand licensor sales revenue?". Two methodologies are applied, multiple regression analysis (MRA) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The case company of the study is Moomin Characters. Several public databases and information from Moomin Characters management is utilized to collect data. Regarding macro environment and strategic decisions, the results of the study support existing theory on their importance and effect on international business performance, especially from a brand licensor sales revenue perspective. Regarding the main focus of the research, culture, while no cultural configurations are found to consistently lead to outperforming brand licensor sales revenue, four configurations are found to consistently lead to underperforming brand licensor sales revenue. Therefore, while a brand licensor may perform well in several different cultures without a certain cultural fit taken into account, the results of the study indicate that some cultural combinations may lead to a weaker performance than others. Even though this study is conducted as a case study and it reflects the business of Moomin Characters as an extensively international brand licensor with a unique artistic and literary brand dimension, the results can be interpreted to other contexts as well. In addition to such international brand licensors that share similar values to their brand than Moomin Characters, internationally operating brand licensors in general and to some content even international companies as a such benefit from the results.


It has been demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that an estimate of the Green's function between two receivers can be obtained from the long‐time average of the cross correlation of ambient noise at these two receivers in various environments and frequency ranges of interest: ultrasonics, underwater acoustics, and seismology. This result provides a means for structural monitoring using the ambient structure‐borne noise only, without the use of active sources. The coherent wave‐fronts emerge from a correlation process that accumulates contributions over time from noise sources whose propagation path passes through both receivers. We present experimental results using random vibration data collected on eight accelerometers mounted on a hydrofoil or plate at the Navy's William B. Morgan Large Cavitation Channel. The tests were conducted at high Reynolds number, with the primary excitation source being turbulent boundary‐layer pressure fluctuations on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate or foi...


The present invention discloses a test strip colloidal gold immunoassay method for detecting and preparation of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is. The purified polyclonal antibody solution was spotted in the test line CGMMV nitrocellulose membrane, polyclonal goat anti-rabbit antibody in dot quality control line nitrocellulose membrane; Samples are prepared absorbent paper pad, CGMMV Immunogold gold pad, absorbent paper and nitrocellulose membrane are sequentially affixed to the PVC plastic sheet of an adhesive tape, made test strip. The test strip according to the present invention can detect the CGMMV cucurbits, suitable for detection and diagnosis of viral diseases caused by the CGMMV. The method is simple, rapid, low cost, i.e. 5-10 minutes results, can be visually observed directly. Quick suitable for grass-roots agricultural sector, farmers and entry-exit inspection departments at all levels to carry out mass screening to detect diseases, contribute to the timely and effective control and fight the epidemic, it has broad application prospects.


Abstract Valvular interstitial cells (VICs) constitute the most prominent cell type in aortic valve cusps. VICs are a heterogeneous group of cells of multiple origins with mostly fibroblast properties. Like fibroblasts in general, VICs can acquire an activated state (myofibroblasts) upon exposure to several stimuli including mediators of inflammation, growth factors, mechanical stress or changes of ECM composition. An increase of activated VICs in adult valves is considered as indicator of pathological developments. Cultivation of VICs using standard 2D cell culture procedures also induces VIC activation resulting in contraction and spontaneous nodule formation. Our previous work has shown that this phenotype switch can be reversed by exposure to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In order to investigate underlying cellular mechanisms of the PUFA effects, VICs from porcine aortic valves were isolated and subcultured on collagen-coated surfaces. Spontaneous nodule formation after transfer to uncoated polystyrene was completely blocked by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidoic acid (ARA) whereas eicosapentaenoic acid and a commercial extract from fish oil (Omacor) were less active. Oleic acid and palmitic acid were without effect. Treatment with ARA or DHA reduced the expression of myofibroblast marker proteins, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and myosin II, of a key enzyme of collagen synthesis (prolyl 4-hydroxylase), and of the phosphorylated (inactive) form of the F-actin severing protein, cofilin. In contrast, the abundance of fibroblast marker S100A4 was increased after treatment with PUFAs. The steady state level of active RhoA was reduced in the presence of DHA and ARA, and inhibition of RhoA or ROCK elicited the same effects as PUFAs. Finally, exposure to ARA and DHA reduced the G/F-actin ratio, and stabilization of F-actin with jasplakinolide blocked the effect of PUFAs on the expression of myofibroblast markers and on nodule formation. After culturing VICs with PUFAs for 14 days and subsequently in the absence of PUFAs for 4 days, cells regained the myofibroblast phenotype, showing the PUFA-induced phenotype switch was fully reversible. In conclusion, the results suggest that the differentiation of VICs to myofibroblasts can be truly reversed by certain PUFAs via the RhoA – ROCK – G-actin pathway, whereas an alternative mechanism, the preferential outgrowth of a undifferentiated subpopulation of VICs, seems to be unlikely since the PUFA effect was fully reversible.


Integrated optical devices are expected to play a promising role in the field of quantum information science and technology. In this paper, we propose a scheme for the generation of non-degenerate, co-polarized, modal and path entangled photons using a directional coupler and an asymmetric Ycoupler geometry in type 0 phase-matched, domain engineered lithium niobate (LN) waveguide. The nonlinearity in LN is tailored in such a way that quasi phase matching conditions for two different spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) processes are obeyed simultaneously, leading to a modal and path-entangled state at the output. Assuming typical values of various parameters, we show, through numerical simulations, that an almost maximally entangled state is achievable over a wide range of waveguide parameters. For the degenerate case, the proposed scheme gives a NOON state for N = 2. The generated entangled photon pairs should have potential applications in quantum information schemes and also in quantum metrology. By appropriate domain engineering and component designing, the idea can be further extended to generate a hyperentangled and twophoton multi-path entangled states which may have further applications in quantum computation protocols.


The power telecom network is regarded as the nervous system of the power grid,and the reliability is critical to power telecom network.In the light of importance of reliability,based on the concept of efficiency,a new method for the evaluation of reliability is proposed.Firstly,the efficiency model for power system communication is built,the efficiency of network and network units can be simulated.Then,on basis of relationship between efficiency and reliability,the reliability of the network is reflected whereby the change of network efficiency timely.Simulation results show that the performance of this model is well.The change of efficiency conforms to the actual network,and then the model realized the evaluation to network reliability.


This dissertation encompasses a set of drawings to illustrate the findings and understanding of Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his chairs. The purpose is to inform of the technical aspects as well as illustrate the process of structure and built form of the Mackintosh chairs. It describes the processes, measured drawing recordings and the analysis of his chairs.


Performance prediction for wideband communications systems requires a realistic simulation of the RF channel time and frequency-varying characteristics. It is well known that a lapped-delay line filter with time-varying coefficients can be used to represent a frequency selective channel. However, generating the coefficients required to model various scintillation and multipath conditions is not a simple task. The paper describes a software frequency selective channel simulator and the channel effects modeled using a complex exponential series approximation to the channel scattering function. Examples of using the software simulator to create and validate channel models are discussed.


Cooperativism is a movement capable of uniting economic development and social welfare, having as its fundamental cornerstones a democratic participation, solidarity, independence and autonomy, so the participation of members in the cooperative is important for performance and good management. The modernization of cooperation takes different business forms, which makes it necessary for cooperatives to seek alternatives and management strategies for the cooperative society as a whole, one of which is incorporation. In this sense, the objective of this work is to analyze the process of incorporating five cooperatives that formed a new cooperative, analyzed by the point of view of the associate. For this, a descriptive research with quantitative approach (survey) was carried out that allowed to verify and present a diagnosis of the perception of the associates about the cooperative resulting from the incorporation, through 248 valid questionnaires. The questionnaire was build by four dimensions: cooperative management, associate management, infrastructure and agricultural technical training. The results show the general perceptions of the associates and point out the importance of attendance, management, infrastructure and technical assistance, as the main responsible for the satisfaction, trust and commitment of the associates.


GHz continuum observations with the Metsahovi Radio telescope are used to identifying new flat spectrum radio sources selected from lower frequency survey data. The sample is complete to sources with a flux higher than 0.5 Jy at 1.4 GHz, 0:5 between 1.4 and 4.85 GHz, declination from 0 to +75 degrees and sources more than 20 from the galactic plane. Additional strong sources from the 5 GHz survey were observed to get the sample as complete as possible down to 1.0 Jy at 22 GHz for extrapolation of source counts to lower flux levels. The new flat spectrum sources will be added to our monitoring sample and their duty cycle will be studied for the coming -ray observatiories AGILE and GLAST.


Abstract. Dolly AAM, Cheikhyoussef A, Kandawa-Schulz M. 2018. Phenolic compounds from selected Namibia leafy vegetables: Extraction and characterization. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 16: 1-16. The objective of this project was to study the antioxidant potential of selected Namibian Leafy Vegetables (NLV). We measured Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid contents (TFC), antioxidant activity against Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino- bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), as well as Reducing Power (RP) assays. The study further detects and characterize eight phenolic acids (4- hydroxybenzoic, trans-ferulic, gallic, vanillic, sinapic, syringic, and para-coumaric acids) using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirteen leafy vegetables taken from Kavango East Region were known as Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hibiscus cannabinus, Aeschynomene nambalensis, Oxygonum delagoense, Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Amaranthus thunbergii, Vigna unguiculata, Cucurbita maxima, Cleome gynandra, Lagenaria siceraria, Aeschynomene fluitans, Citrullus lanatus, and Corchorus tridens. The leaves were extracted using aqueous methanol, ethanol and acetone solvents. Acid and Base hydrolyzes for extraction of bound phenolic acids which were analyzed by GC-MS. The best results for each assay were as follows: TPC in methanol: 333.8±2.7µgGAE/g in H. sabdariffa. TFC in methanol: 166.0±0.6µgQE/g in A. nambalensis. DPPH assay in methanol: 79.3±0.6% in H. cannabinus. ABTS assay in ethanol: 98.8±0.2% in H. sabdariffa. RP assay in ethanol: 1227.5±106.2% of L. siceraria. The GC-MS detected phenolic acids in twenty extracts of Base Hydrolysed Samples (BHS), seven extracts of Acid Hydrolysed Samples (AHS) and thirteen extracts of Non-Hydrolysed Samples (NHS). BHS yielded the most significant amount of phenolic acids among the three extraction methods, with highest yields of p-coumaric acid in A. nambalensis (53.1µg/g). Results obtained from the TPC, TFC, and antioxidant assays demonstrated that the selected NLVs are potential sources of phenolic compounds and antioxidants. GC-MS analysis suggests that this tool is useful for characterizing phenolic acids. These findings have contributed to our understanding of the phytochemical contents of the selected NLVs, and further studies are necessary for the possible industrial application of the identified phenolic acids.


Undernutrition is the single largest risk factor for disease and global child mortality, according to the World Health Organization. In childhood, growth is the most important indicator of health with undernutrition, or an inadequate intake of nutrients, resulting in underweight, wasting, or stunting.1 Improving the world's nutrition is viewed as the most effective form of international aid.2 The effects of undernutrition on childhood growth and development in the first 2 years of life are irreversible. Exclusive breastfeeding, appropriate complementary feeding, adequate nutrient intake by pregnant women, and micronutrient supplementation are viewed as some of best preventive measures to reduce the incidence of undernutrition in children younger than 5 years.2

In the developing world, centralized fortification programs are being developed to address the most commonplace micronutrient deficiencies including vitamin A, iodine, and iron deficiencies.3 The most desired foods for fortification include foodstuffs that the majority of the population regularly consumes, particularly those at greater risk for deficiencies. Vehicles for fortification include wheat flour, maize meal, salt, sugar, and cooking oil. Some African countries have already attained high levels of iodized-salt coverage, and Nigeria and South Africa have begun an iron-fortification program with wheat flour.3 The long-term goal of fortification programs is to fortify multiple staples to have the greatest impact on raising micronutrient levels. Some fortification programs have been shown to have some success, including iron-fortified foods that have resulted in a 70% reduction in the prevalence of anemia in school-aged children and an increase in hemoglobin concentrations by 7.4 g/L in children provided with iron-fortified foods in comparison with control-group children.4 In Central America, vitamin A–fortified sugar contributes to more than 50% of the vitamin intake in preschool-aged children.5

However, one of the greatest roadblocks to successful African food-fortification programs is the limited …

Address correspondence to Janet M. Wojcicki, PhD, MPH, Department of Pediatrics, 500 Parnassus Ave, MU 4-East, Box 0136, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0136. E-mail: wojcicki{at}gmail.com


This paper firstly simp introduces the development of intrusion detection system,distributed intrusion detection system and DCOM.Then the structure,implementation and security of the distributed intrusion detection system are specifically described.At last,the practical value of this system is presented.


The use of social media without civic culture among students has plagued many IPTA students in cyberbullying. Cyberbullying can be done in the uploading of cruel words, photographs and videos of the victim to hoax, incite, defame, revenge until the predators feel great and powerful. The fastest duration of all information can be disseminated in fast pace with worldwide reach. Among the factors of cyberbullying occurred in early adulthood are jealousy, discovering social media friends' attention, 'jaguar' capacity or gangster in social media. Previous studies focus more on bullying phenomena among adolescents, school students and mass media users. While, there are very few studies on the issue of cyberbullying among university students. The main objective of this study is to explore the impact of cyber bullying on UKM students. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach based on case study. Techniques of collecting research data through structured interviews in writing. 6 respondents were selected for this study using purposive sampling technique. The location of the study chosen was Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Structured interview data were analyzed in a thematic manner and the findings found that there were five major implications of emotional, depression, suicidal desire, overwhelming sadness, uncertainty and uncontrolled feelings found in transcripts of study informants. Implications of this study are expected to suggest appropriate intervention and advocacy programs to social workers in handling cyber bullying cases at the Student Counseling Division, UKM.


Tourism industry is an industry that is able to generate numerous jobs for people as well as empower local community. One of the parties who have competence to maximize entrepreneurship capacity is university. This paper will discourse on how a university, especially in this case is Ubaya Polytechnic, empower its students to maximize their entrepreneurship capacity to be finally become new start-ups who are ready in the society especially related to its support to tourism industry.


An expert system based sequencing method for multi-target attacking was put forward according to the characteristics of present air combat.The essential principle and structure of the expert system were introduced.We built up the knowledge base and reasoning machine of expert system,and carried out a simulation of attacking sequence of one aircraft versus 4 targets.Finally,we analyzed the virtues of this method in improving air combat efficiency and reducing sequencing time.


Modified Schottky Barrier MOSFET with low resistance metal source/drain and good short channel effect immunity is one ofthe promising nano-scale device structures. In this work, a modified external load resistance method was proposed to extract the bias dependent source injection resistance of the MSB multi-gate MOSFET. The injection resistance is exponentially proportional to (VGS-Vth-O.5VDS) and would be close to the source/drain resistance of conventional MOSFET at high gate bias.