The semi-arid catchment of the Loess Plateau of China is severely affected by soil erosion as it is revealed by the commonly occurring deep and wide gullies. Recent studies in the loess hill-gully terrain area show Gully erosion have a very significant contribution to total soil loss. Traditionally, gully erosion had been measured using a combination of field survey techniques and analogue, the advances in computing powering digital photogrammatric solution are now offering an affordable and cost effective way of estimating the gully erosion. This paper uses the digital elevation models (DEMs), which constructed from multi-date (1959,1981 and 1999) aerial photographs (1:55000, 1:20000 and 1:35000) as a tool to computing the sediment yield by gully erosion in a small catchment of 9.06 km2 located in the Loess Plateau of China. The High-resolution DEMs (2 m grid) were derived from stereo image pairs separately and analyzed by means of geographical information system techniques. Gully breaklines and borderlines were positioned to measure the gully dynamics and soil loss was estimated from computed gully volumes using soil bulk density, and DEM-measured gully degradation rate was discussed as well. DEM-measurement techniques integrates the soil loss due to overland flow and mass movements and gully deepening, and put forward an improvement to locate the areas within the gullies with higher erosion possibility.


The use of marketing to the promotion of cultural products has generated controversy among experts, given the importance of these assets, which is reflected in the creation of bodies dedicated to their protection, such as UNESCO. With the emergence of virtual spaces that have modified the patterns of art consumption and production, it is necessary to investigate how the new digital marketing techniques adapt to the market's particularities and the capacity that the organizations have to apply these tools, specifically the circus company known as Cirque du Soleil.


Multi-parameter fracture mechanics concept has been applied to investigate crack behavior under mixed-mode loading, particularly in a semi-circular bending disc. The so-called Williams' series expansion is used for the crack-tip stress field approximation. It has been shown that application of the generalized fracture mechanics concept can be crucial for materials with specific fracture behavior, such as elastic-plastic or quasi-brittle one, when fracture occurs not only in the very vicinity of the crack tip, but also in a more distant surrounding. Then, considering the higher-order terms of the Williams' expansion in fracture criteria can be helpful. The attention is devoted to the analysis of the influence of various distances between the supports during the three-point bending test on the results of the further crack propagation direction.


3,3′-Disubstituted 1,1′-biazulene derivatives were obtained in good yields starting from thedimers* of azulene-1-azo aromatic compounds and from the corresponding Schiff bases coupled at 3 positions.


High-resolution 478-679-nm spectroscopic observations of the Herbig-Haro objects HH1 and HH2, obtained using a two-stage magnetically focused image intensifier, a 2.2-arcsec-wide 117-arcsec-long slit, and a 90-cm-focal-length f/3 camera with the vertical coude spectrograph on the 2.2-m telescope at Calar Alto Observatory during December 1982, are reported. The data are presented in contour diagrams, tables, and graphs and characterized. Steep gradients are seen in the electron density, line intensity, and velocity dispersion for both objects, sometimes compatible with the assumption of discontinuities broadened by seeing effects. The data for HH1 are found to be consistent with the motion of a single bow shock away from the C-S star and perpendicular to the line of sight, as in the interstellar-bullet model (Norman and Silk, 1979), but some more complex explanation is required for HH2. The emission of the HH1 and HH2 environments is found to include the permitted lines H-beta and H-alpha and the forbidden lines of N II (654.8 and 658.3 nm), S II (671.6 and 673.1 nm), and O III (500.7 nm). 29 references.


The grain size distribution of deformed rocks may provide valuable information about their deformation history and the associated mechanisms. Here we present a unique set of olivine grain size distributions from ultramafic rocks deformed under a wide range of stress and strain rate conditions. Both experimentally deformed and naturally deformed samples are included. We observe a surprisingly uniform behavior, and most samples show power law grain size distributions. Convincing lognormal distributions across all scales were only observed for samples experimentally deformed at high temperature (1200 °C) and for some mantle‐deformed natural samples. Single power law distributions were observed for natural samples deformed by brittle mechanisms and by samples deformed experimentally in the regime of low‐temperature plasticity. Most natural samples show a crossover in power law scaling behavior near the median grain size from a steep slope for the larger grain fraction to a more gentle slope for the smaller grains. The small grain fraction shows a good data collapse when normalized to the crossover length scale. The associated power law slope indicates a common grain size controlling process. We propose a model that explains how such a scaling behavior may arise in the dislocation creep regime from the competition between the rate involved in the dislocation dynamics and the imposed strain rate. The common departure from lognormal distributions suggests that naturally deformed samples often have a deformation history that is far from a steady state scenario and probably reflects deformation under highly variable stress and strain rates.


1. Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic carditis are found far more frequently in this area than has been claimed by most observers. The incidence can be charted more accurately if the law requiring reportability of the disease is systematically observed by all of us. 2. The severity of the cardiac complications is approximately as great as in colder and more severe climates. 3. Poor housing and economic conditions do not seem to be contributory factors to the disease in this area. 4. Repeated respiratory and throat infections of a streptococcic type seem to precede the actual onset of the acute attack. 5. The removal of tonsils and adenoids does not seem to alter the incidence of the disease nor does removal act as a prophylaxis. I trust that stimulation to further studies, especially in children who, after all, are the cardiac problems of later years, may be induced by this and other efforts of a similar nature. 2654 Fourth Avenue.


The APG (ASDEX pressure gauge) is an ionisation pressure gauge specifically designed to work in the presence of magnetic fields and is used in many tokamak experiments to measure the neutral particle density. However, important features such as a ca. 10-fold sensitivity enhancement in strong magnetic field and saturation of the measurement signal above 10 Pa were not completely understood. To gain more insight into the underlying physical processes and support optimization efforts, we have developed a Monte-Carlo code, whose main characteristics and results are presented in this work. It incorporates a realistic geometry and electric field model and stochastically simulates collisions between electrons and the neutral gas. Processes neglected are interactions of charged particles with each other and the surfaces of the gauge. The simulation qualitatively reproduces the experimental performance of the APG, especially sensitivity enhancement and early saturation in strong magnetic field. The reasons for these properties are now much clearer and optimizations of the APG geometry can be tested with the code.


Abstract : A four-element seismic array was established at Byrd Station, Antarctica, for investigation of PKP seismic waves. This seismic station (BYA) has been operating continuously since January 18, 1968. Seismic data are recorded on magnetic tape at a level permitting playback at a system magnification of as high as 500,000. Background ground motion amplitudes at Byrd Station were found to be in the order of 10 millimicrons at the center seismometer when heavy equipment was operating, nearby. About 2,700 compressional and shear arrivals were reported in the first 8 months of recording, with epicenters ranging over the entire earth. About 400 of these events have been confirmed as PKP arrivals. The epicentral distance for these arrivals ranged from 110 to 173 degrees, with the majority being from the Japanese and Kurile areas. Data from the first full year of operation are now being processed at SRI. The station was turned over to the USC and GS and is currently being operated by that agency.


In this paper we propose a black-box method to detect web application vulnerabilities including XSS, CSRF and information leakage, for which existing vulnerability scanners have little power to detect. Cross Site Scripting (XSS) involves echoing attacker-supplied code into a user's browser instance, and Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) forces the user's browser to request actions without user awareness. Information flow due to client-server interactions is the root cause of these vulnerabilities as well as of information leakage. According to this, in our method, we first analyze information flow between users of the web application under evaluation to extract potentially vulnerable flows. Then, we examine the flows by sending special requests to discover XSS and CSRF vulnerabilities. In addition, we qualitatively discuss on the risk of the discovered vulnerabilities with respect to the analysis of the flow as the vulnerability origin.The proposed method is implemented as a Web Application Vulnerability dEtection tool, called "WAVE". The evaluation results show that WAVE, having a low rate of false negative, can be reliably used for security analysis of web applications when static analysis is not possible.


In this paper, a quality diversity optimization method (QDOM) based on an adaptive bound-searching algorithm and diversity-selecting immune algorithm is proposed for solving bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) problems in control system design. By using the proposed adaptive bound-searching algorithm, appropriate bound values can be obtained for the entries of controller gain matrices or the eigenvalues of closed-loop systems represented by a state space model. Given the bound values, the proposed diversity-selecting immune algorithm can produce the best-so-far controller gain for a given BMI problem. To find the global optimum efficiently and avoid being trapped in a local optimum, the concept of quality diversity is employed in the proposed method. The proposed method was validated through solving some spectral abscissa, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> optimization problems. The simulation results show that the proposed QDOM achieved better or similar performance in many benchmark problems as compared with existing BMI solution methods.


Organic solar cells (OSCs) have emerged as a promising technology for 71 ester (PC 70 BM) was used as received from Solenne. Blend solutions of PCDTBT and PC 70 BM were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:2 in CB (24 mg/ml), stirred at 70 ° C overnight to promote complete dissolution, and spin-coated to yield 80 nm thick OSC active layers in each of the device structures studied (standard and inverted with different PFN interlayer thicknesses). Transmittance spectra were recorded using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Jasco V-560). The thickness of fi lms was measured using a surface profi lometer (Tencor Instruments Alpha Step 200). Sheet resistance was determined using a home-built four-point probe apparatus. Contact angle measurements were performed with a drop shape analysis system (Krüss DSA 100). Ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were undertaken with an Axis Ultra DLD system (Kratos Analytical). For UPS measurements a He I lamp ( ∼ 21.22 eV energy) was used as the excitation source. The detection area was a spot of ∼ 110 μ m diameter. A bias of − 18.49 V was applied to the sample. From the onset of the secondary electron energy cutoff, E co , we can calculate the work function, WF = h ν - ( E co - E F ) where h ν is the excitation photon energy and E F the Fermi level. For XPS measurements, an Al K α (1486.6 eV) X-ray excitation source operated at 15 kV and 5 mA was used. Spectra were collected at 0 ° to the surface normal over a binding energy range 1400 to − 10 eV with a pass bandwidth of 160 eV using 1 eV steps, 0.2 s dwell time per step and averaging 2 scans. The detection area was ∼ 700 μ m × 300 μ m. CasaXPS software was used to determine peak areas, with the NPL intensity (transmission function) calibration and average relative sensitivity factors; the detectable element concentrations were thereby enumerated.


Kernel methods are a powerful set of techniques for learning from data. One of the attractive properties of these techniques is that they rely only on a kernel function which provides the user-defined notion of similarity between two observations, to train the models. This report describes a strategy for evaluating kernel-based predictive models within a cross-validation framework when we also have a set of confounds which are used to 'adjust' the data based on their relationship with the data within the training sample. We show that for a linear kernel function, this adjustment can be performed in kernel space which removes the need to reload or retain the data in memory during the cross-validation procedure. Furthermore, we show how a similar strategy can be used with other kernel functions such as the Gaussian Radial Basis function. Feature Adjustment in Kernel Space when using Cross-Validation Anil Rao Janaina Mourao-Miranda


In this paper, I present some results of an interdisciplinary (psychological, historical, discourse-analytical) research project on narratives of persecution, flight and survival. These stories told by the children (and grandchildren) of Austrian victims of Nazi persecution, all of them left-wing political dissidents and some of them also Jewish, relate to World War II and the Holocaust. In their narratives, the interviewees try to come to terms with the experiences of their parents (and grandparents) and bridge the obvious cognitive dissonance of living in Austria and holding a citizenship which was denied to their elders at a traumatic point of their parents' lives. Firstly, I focus on the narratives as they relate to flight and the loss of citizenship and homes. Secondly, I investigate what it meant - from the children's perspective - to later return to and grow up in the country that had excluded their parents. And thirdly, I reflect on what such stories imply for the present and future and what we can learn from them. In the analysis, I integrate quantitative methods (narrative network analysis and corpus linguistics) with qualitative discourse analysis. Although each story and the related context are of course unique, it is nevertheless worth discussing if specific characteristics of the narratives could be generalised to other contexts in order to illustrate the plights of fleeing refugees and their struggles for survival.


Introduction: Indonesia riches with many beneficial herbal ingredients; one of them is coffee obtained from Jember which has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for treating periodontitis. Meanwhile, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) during culture secrete various advantageous secretome for tissue regeneration. This investigation intended to examine the expression of osteocalcin (OCN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) after the administration of the combination between DPSC secretome and the Robusta coffee bean extract (RCBE) in periodontitis-induced animal model. Materials and methods: Thirty-five Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into seven groups accordingly; group K0, group K1-7 (untreated periodontitis rats for 7 days), group K1-14 (untreated periodontitis rats for 14 days), group K2-7 (periodontitis rats administered with RCBE for 7 days), group K2-14 (periodontitis rats administered with RCBE for 14 days), group K3-7 [administered with both RCBE and stem-cell secretome (SCS) for 7 days], and group K3-14 (administered with both RCBE and SCS for 14 days). Periodontitis was induced by implementing wire installed in the rat's first mandibular molar. The combination of RCBE and DPSC secretome was administered intrasulcus in the rat's first mandibular molar gingiva. Moreover, least significant difference was performed after the analysis of variance test to investigate the significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). Results: The highest OCN and ALP were expressed in group K3-14, whereas the lowest OCN expression was found in K1-7 group and lowest ALP expression was displayed in K0 group. Additionally, there was significant difference in OCN and ALP between groups. Conclusion: The administration of the combination between dental pulp stem-cell secretome and RCBE (Coffea canephora) can enhance OCN and ALP expression as documented immunohistochemically.


PurposeThis paper discusses logistics service providers' (LSPs') energy efficiency initiatives for sustainable development, both from an evolutionary perspective and based on a framework consisting of actions, processes (i.e. at the operations interface) and services (i.e. at the customer interface).Design/methodology/approachFollowing a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with sustainability managers at LSPs and the data were analysed via inductive coding. Based on the results and the literature, the authors developed a maturity model for LSPs' transitions to environmental sustainability.FindingsLSPs' sustainable development occurs via operational processes, services at the customer interface, and actions that support those processes and services. Energy efficiency efforts are characterised by process depth that helps LSPs to align with their customers' energy efficiency improvement processes. While services related to energy efficiency connect LSPs and their customers, actions in support vary depending on the logistics activities in which LSPs participate.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research is needed to test and verify the maturity model and to clarify the interdependency of its three dimensions.Practical implicationsBy categorising energy efficiency initiatives and proposing a maturity model for LSPs' sustainable development via energy efficiency, the authors have developed a tool for logistics actors to assess their progress towards improved sustainability.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature by providing a three-pillar framework to understand the sustainability transitions of LSPs through energy efficiency. Developing a maturity model using this framework also contributes to the literature with an approach to assess sustainability advancement in the logistics industry.


A basic experimental investigation was carried out in order to obtain an effective and rational method for consolidating fresh concrete with chemical admixtures by using a vibrator. The rheological properties of fresh concrete during vibration were examined experimentally. Three types of fresh concrete mix which contains a superplasticizer (sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensated base), an air entraining agent (sodium abietate) and a segregation controlling admixture (hydroxyethylcellulose base) were used in this study. A rotating fan type rheometer and a pulse wave propagation rheometer were used to obtain the dynamic rheological properties of fresh concrete under vibration. Two types of vibrator, a table vibrator and an internal vibrator were used in the experiment. To obtain the properties of energy propagation produced by the vibrator, the wave form which propagated in fresh concrete was measured. The flow curves of concrete with admixtures were no longer the Bingham relationship when it was vibrated, but they can be approximated as a Newtonian or quasiviscous fluid. The effect of admixture under vibration could be, therefore, estimated by rheological properties such as coefficient of viscosity or non-Newtonian power number. There was apparent difference in the wave spectrum of the above mixes. (Author/TRRL)


BACKGROUND: Influenza viruses cause worldwide epidemics, and the most effective method to prevent influenza disease is regular vaccinations. The development of new generation vaccines is aimed primarily at the formation of an immune response against a wide range of influenza viruses. One of the promising approaches is sequential vaccination with chimeric influenza viruses with identical stem domains of the hemagglutinin surface protein.
AIM: The development of an experimental vaccine strain of influenza B virus with chimeric hemagglutinin consisting of head and stem domains of influenza B viruses belonging to different genetic lineages.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A chimeric influenza hemagglutinin gene was obtained by genetic engineering from the genetic material of B/Victoria and B/Yamagata influenza strains. The gene was inserted into the vector for the reverse genetics of the influenza virus. The influenza B virus strain with chimeric hemagglutinin was obtained by transfection of Vero cells using an 8-plasmid system. The rest of the genes were obtained from the attenuated influenza B virus with cold-adapted and temperature-sensitive phenotypes. The biological properties of the obtained recombinant strain, its infectious titer in developing chicken embryos and MDCK cell culture were evaluated.
RESULTS: A recombinant vaccine strain has been successfully rescued. The head domain of the hemagglutinin of the virus is inherited from the B/Victoria influenza virus, and the stem domain from the B/Yamagata virus. The virus actively replicated in eggs and MDCK cells, with temperature-sensitive and cold-adapted phenotypes identical to classical live attenuated influenza vaccine viruses. The thermal stability of the chimeric hemagglutinin did not differ significantly from the thermal stability of the hemagglutinins of the donor viruses.
CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained indicate the possibility of creating a strain with chimeric hemagglutinin, fragments of which are inherited from different genetic lineages. The growth characteristics and biological properties of the strain make it a promising candidate for the experimental evaluation of the possibility of inducing a cross-protective immune response by sequential vaccination with vaccine strains with identical stem hemagglutinin domains.


In this paper, the almost sure asymptotic stability of non-autonomous stochastic functional differential equations (SFDEs) is considered. By introducing a more general function and a technique for dividing the probability space, we establish LaSalle-type theorem for non-autonomous SFDEs. The results are illustrated by an examples.


ABSTRACT Background Hyperphosphatemia is associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular morbidity of end-stage kidney failure (ESKF) patients. Managing serum phosphate in ESKF patients is challenging and mostly based on limiting intestinal phosphate absorption with low phosphate diets and phosphate binders (PB). In a multi-centric, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study cohort of maintenance hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia, we demonstrated the efficacy of nicotinamide modified release (NAMR) formulation treatment in addition to standard PB therapy in decreasing serum phosphate. Here we aimed to assess the relationship between phosphate, FGF23, inflammation and iron metabolism in this cohort. Methods We measured the plasma concentrations of intact fibroblast growth factor 23 (iFGF23) and selected proinflammatory cytokines at baseline and Week 12 after initiating treatment. Results We observed a strong correlation between iFGF23 and cFGF23 (C-terminal fragment plus iFGF23). We identified iFGF23 as a better predictor of changes in serum phosphate induced by NAMR and PB treatment compared with cFGF23. Recursive partitioning revealed at baseline and Week 12, that iFGF23 and cFGF23 together with T50 propensity were the most important predictors of serum phosphate, whereas intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) played a minor role in this model. Furthermore, we found serum phosphate and iPTH as the best predictors of iFGF23 and cFGF23. Sex, age, body mass index, and markers of inflammation and iron metabolism had only a minor impact in predicting FGF23. Conclusion Lowering serum phosphate in ESKF patients may depend highly on iFGF23 which is correlated to cFGF23 levels. Serum phosphate was the most important predictor of plasma FGF23 in this ESKF cohort.


The main objective of this study is to describe and characterize farming systems and type of farms for ruminants under the environmental conditions in North of Delta (Kafr El-Sheikh, G1) and Middle Egypt (Bani Swef, G2) governorates. Data were collected through visiting seven districts within each governorate. Randomly chosen 10 villages in each district. The visits were monthly and the study period was from December, 2013 to June, 2015. Data collected included type of farms, number of farm animals in each farm, feeding systems followed in winter and summer. Also, air temperature (AT C°) and relative humidity (RH %) were recording to calculate temperature humidity index (THI). Type of farms surveyed under study were classified to, smallholder (SHF), special farm (SF) and governmental farm (GF). Production system of farms were classified to three categories, milk production, and meat production and mixed of milk and meat production. The system of farms were described depending on farm animal as cows only, buffaloes only, mixed of cows and buffaloes, mixed from large ruminants as cows with small ruminants (sheep and goats) or buffaloes with small ruminants (sheep and goats). The number of farms own agricultural tenure were recorded and the percentages of these farms were 57% and 49% in G1 and G2, respectively with least squares means of 12.61±5.5 and 8.91± 6.52 Fadden., Results revealed that climatic conditions was better in middle Egypt than in north of Delta because of the low THI. Also, number of animals and number of smallholders were larger in G2 compared with G1. Small holder's percentages were 66.67% and 74.42% of the total surveyed farms in G1 and G2, respectively. Special farms percentages were 28.57% and 20.93% of the total farms in G1 and G2 in G1 and G2, respectively. The governmental farms had the lowest percentages, 4.76% and 4.65%, respectively. The number of dairy farms in G1 was higher than in G2. The fattening farms and farms of both milk and meat production were higher in G2 compared with G1. Farms of G2 depended on family labor with percentage of 57.14%, on family with help of hired labor with 19.05% and on hired labor only with 23.81%. The percentages in G1 were 45%, 12.5% and 42.5%, respectively. The most used feeding system was system (4) which includes combination of green, roughages and concentrates with percentages of 64.1% and 67.7% in winter for G1 and G2, respectively and with 66.7% and 64.7% in summer season, respectively. While the lowest system in winter was system (2), (roughages and concentrates) with 7.7% and 2.9% in G1 and G2, respectively, the lowest system used in summer was system (1) for G1 (5.1%, for green and concentrates) and system (2) for G2 (8.8%, for rough and concentrates), respectively. It is conclude that the climatic conditions in G2 best than G1 due to lower of THI in G2 that reflects of numbers the fattening farms and mixed frames (milking and fattening) were more in G2 compared with G1., Feeding and workers under G2 conditions lower of costs of compared with G1 due to depended on green forage in feeding and the workers from family .The recommendation increased farms of animal production under conditions in Middle Egypt (G2).


This chapter explores the origins of the financial crisis in Britain in the neo-liberal regime shift signified as Thatcherism. It highlights a 1989 report from the Bank of England on the challenges to economic performance associated with the dominance of the City of London and shows that these challenges have been intensified in the intervening years. It identifies the contradictions and crisis-tendencies of finance-dominated accumulation and offers an explanation for the superficially surprising survival of the neo-liberal momentum of financialization following the financial crisis.


We present the overall design of an object oriented library for use when developing tracing capable applications The library is im plemented as java classes and consists of de nitions of the basic classes for registration of objects and relations as well as methods for di erent types of tracing procedures and components for manipulating tracing results and viewing them graphically


The article discusses theoretical aspects of the analysis dealing with the cultural codes of corporality in the context of art work, which is represented as an objectified result of human activity that embodies the basic concepts, attitudes, values and norms of a particular cultural system. It is concluded that the art reproducing a visually perceivable characteristics of the real world is a reliable source of research of the code of corporeity. The author emphasizes the resources of painting having a propensity to the visibility and concreteness, and sculpture that embodies the artistic image in threedimensional forms.


The article presents selected aspects related to the primary type of technical maintenance of military vehicles, namely the routine maintenance. Its organizational principles have been discussed based on the applicable military industry regulations. Moreover, the basic driver's duties have been characterized.


Reviews These kinds of ebook is the perfect publication o ered. It is among the most incredible publication i have go through. You will not feel monotony at whenever you want of your time (that's what catalogues are for concerning if you check with me). -Delia Schoen This pdf is definitely worth getting. Better then never, though i am quite late in start reading this one. It is extremely di icult to leave it before concluding, once you begin to read the book. -Jer a m ie Da vis


This paper presents the development of a digital beamformer transmitter system for generation of arbitrary ultrasound waveforms, specifically designed for research purposes. The proposed architecture has 8 independent excitation channels and uses an FPGA device (Field Programmable Gated Array) for electronic control channel generation of ultrasonic acoustic beam transmission. The system allows operation in pulse-echo mode, with pulse repetition rate of excitation between 62.5 Hz and 8 kHz, or single pulse, center frequency between 500 kHz and 20 MHz, excitation voltage between -100 and +100 V, and individual control of amplitude apodization, phase angle and time delay trigger. The mathematical method for determining the digital signals of excitation is presented and validated through practical results for waveform generation with Gaussian profile and center frequency of 20 MHz, in a load formed by a 220 pF capacitor in parallel with a resistor of 1 k Ω. The results show that the proposed flexible and fully programmable architecture, can support the development of new algorithms and sophisticated processing techniques of the transmission beamformer.


The detailed analysis of Voyager observations of Saturn kilometric radiation (SKR), taking into account the polarization response of the planetary radio astronomy experiment, has allowed the authors to study separately the high-frequency limit of SKR emitted from the northern and southern auroral regions of the planet. Interpretation of the variations of these high-frequency limits, in the frame of a model inspired by the cyclotron maser mechanism, has allowed them to demonstrate unambiguously the existence of a magnetic anomaly, postulated for years, in the near-surface Saturnian field. Its location and amplitude are estimated, and it is shown that, although it accounts for the observed SKR modulation, it could not be detected by the spacecraft-borne magnetometers which passed too far from the planetary surface. This demonstrates that the current degree of comprehension of planetary radio emissions makes them a unique and very pertinent tool for the fine study of planetary magnetic fields.


A physically based load model that incorporates the effects of random variations of load behavior is used to derive the probability density function (PDF) of the duty cycle of a residential thermostat-controlled heating unit. The PDF of the duty cycle is a function of the house parameters, outside temperature, and the statistics of random influences on the load. From the PDF, the maximum likelihood estimate of the duty cycle is deduced numerically. Simulations using real data were carried out to assess the influence of the temperature gradient, appliance rating, and the random disturbance. Two households were selected for verifying the maximum-likelihood duty cycle prediction of heat pumps during winter. Very good correlation exists between the prediction and measurement. >


The structure of lignocellulose makes it hard to be degraded.The efficiency of subsequent process can be greatly improved by the pretreatment with acid,alkali,liquid hot water,steam explosion,wet oxidation,supercritical CO2,biodegradation and so on.In this paper,the status quo of studies on lignocellulose biomass pretreatment technologies at home and abroad was comprehensively demonstrated,especially the foreign methods and the analysis for experimental phenomenon,and personal viewpoint was raised.


An evaluation study of the Local Scale (CFD) dispersion model ADREA-HF has been performed, by applying the SMEDIS Project evaluation protocol. The model validation for continuous releases, under neutral atmospheric conditions, strong density effects and with or without complex effects (obstacles, aerosols) has been based on the EEC-55 propane experiment. Detailed experimental information on EEC-55 was obtained from the SMEDIS experimental database. The predicted mean concentrations at the experimental sensor positions are compared against the experimental, using various statistical measures. It was found that the model concentration predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data, giving a 70% factor of 2 for the unobstructed case (EEC-550) and an 80% value for the obstructed case (EEC-55 1). The predicted average temperatures were also found in reasonable agreement with the experimental.


Since Xi Jinping became president of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 2013, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has been energetically promoting law reform, which has been on an uncertain path since the 1980s. The current structure and policies of the party-state present several formidable obstacles to the progress of law reform on that path:* The CCP's determination to maintain its firm hold on Chinese society, as evidenced in its treatment of law as subservient to policy, politicized control of the courts, and repression of speech and action regarded as expressing dissent* The fragmented authoritarianism of the current political system, often manifested in local governments' deviation from policies and laws issued from Beijing* The influence and impact of Western institutions, as reflected in demands for an enforceable constitution, expanded judicial power to limit the authority of government agencies, and greater transparency of these agenciesThe five roundtable essays focus principally on the reforms declared in the decision issued at the conclusion of the Fourth Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in October 2014. As Kjeld Eric Brodsgaard points out in his essay, the Central Committee addressed law reform in the fourth meeting even though "party building" would have been next in the customary sequence. The proposed reforms articulate conceptions of the rule of law and the relationship between the party and the operation of the political-legal system (as the courts, procuratorates, and police are commonly referred to because of the closeness with which they operate). In considering these reforms, the roundtable essays raise an issue that has been crucial since the PRC was established in 1949-the uneasy tension between central control over the Chinese bureaucracy and the operation of local governments. Close attention is devoted to how yifa zhiguo, commonly translated as rule by law, is applied and interpreted in the authoritarian governance of China today. In criminal cases, the courts cooperate with the police and procuracy rather than acting independently, and they are subject to the supreme authority of the party leaders whenever those officials view any issue as touching on party dominance. The essays share a common approach in discussing specific reforms in the operation of the courts, namely recognition that in practice implementation must be carried out within limits imposed by party rule.Decision-making within the courts is structured to support the superiority of party policies and concerns. A prime example is party sensitivity to actions and speeches that are deemed to threaten social stability. Among the concerns that overshadow more than just the work of the courts is strong opposition to the expression of Western values in discussions of law outside the courts, including educational institutions.A particularly important issue addressed by several proposed reforms is the extrajudicial influence of party and government officials on the operation of the courts: One reform would change the locus of responsibility for financing basic-level courts and choosing their judges from local governments to the next highest, provincial levels of government. Another step is a requirement that local court officials report in writing any extrajudicial or otherwise improper attempt to influence judicial outcomes.Discussion here of the essays in this roundtable is grouped under three basic themes: the concept of "rule of law" embedded in the proposed reforms, a summary of those reforms, and reflections on the near-term future of the reforms.Rule of Law-With Chinese CharacteristicsAll five contributors to this roundtable recognize the force and impact of the party's dedication to maintaining its supremacy and grasp on the Chinese economy and society. Donald Clarke states the essence of the reforms clearly: "the Fourth Plenum Decision contemplates no fundamental reform in the relationship between the legal system and the CCP. …


The impact of the IFRS1 9 accounting standard on amplifying procyclical bank behaviour has been hotly debated since the introduction of the standard. This paper contributes to the debate by a unique simulation, in which we estimated, what the losses and capital position of the Hungarian banking system would have been during the 2008–2013 crisis episode if at international level subsequently adopted IFRS 9 had already been in effect at that time. Our results show that IFRS 9 would have led to the recognition of losses, which would have been more concentrated in the beginning of this crisis episode, (but not early enough, in the pre-crisis period). As a result, the banking system's aggregated capital adequacy ratio would have been more than 20 per cent (2.7 percentage points) lower at the onset of the crisis (end of 2008) than it was in reality (9.1 per cent rather than 11.8 per cent). This could have forced bank owners to undertake capital increases sooner and in larger amounts or to push their banks towards even stronger deleveraging, i.e. towards more procyclical behaviour. Our results are in line with the findings in the literature that the introduction of IFRS 9 increases the procyclicality of banks' impairments in such a manner that it shifts the recognition of impairments towards beginning of crises (but not towards pre-crisis periods!). Although the procyclical effect of IFRS 9 demonstrated in our simulation is quite large, this is attributable to the special depth and complexity of the 2008 crisis episode in Hungary, which involved a sovereign crisis, a banking crisis and a credit crunch at the same time. Thus, our results suggest that the procyclical impact of IFRS 9 can be more easily managed under 'normal' recession circumstances


Objective: To determine the effect of the serum containing Jinxin oral liquid(JOL) on the early apoptosis and the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-infected cells.Methods: In HELF cell cultures,cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,and Bcl-2 and Bax expression was detectede by RT-PCR after treatment with JOL-containing serum.Results: The total rate of apoptosis in RSV-infected HELF cells was significantly higher in JOL group than in control group(P0.05) 12 and 24 h after treatment.The expression of Bcl-2/Bax was lower in JOL group than in control group(P0.05).Conclusion: JOL may inhibit early apoptosis via Bcl-2 down-regulation and Bax up-regulation in RSV-infected HELF cells.


Varying coefficient models are useful extensions of the classical linear models. Under the condition that the coefficient functions possess about the same degrees of smoothness, the model can easily be estimated via simple local regression. This leads to the one-step estimation procedure. In this paper, we consider a semivarying coefficient model which is an extension of the varying coefficient model, which is called the semivarying-coefficient model. Procedures for estimation of the linear part and the nonparametric part are developed and their associated statistical properties are studied. The proposed methods are illustrated by some simulation studies and a real example.


Background: The fresh juice of Triticum aestivum (the common wheat plant) prepared from Cotyledons of wheat extensively is being used for therapeutic purposes. Wheat grass juice is rich in chlorophyll (whose structure is similar to haemoglobin except the central moiety), amino acids, minerals (like Iron), vitamins (like B 12 ), and active enzymes. The pH of blood and wheat grass juice is also the same i.e. 7.4. Therefore wheat grass juice gets quickly absorbed in the blood and is often referred to as Green Blood and is used therapeutically for the treatment of various problems including anemia, thalassemia, etc. Aim: To study the effect of wheat grass juice on blood haemoglobin level for the treatment of anemia. Methodology: Anaemic women aged between 35-45 years were selected by purposive sampling after biochemical estimation of blood haemoglobin level using Sahli's Method. Thirty subjects (n= 30) (grouped as Test and Control [15 each]) were selected. Wheat grass juice (30 ml per day) was given for 30 days to the test group following proper procedures and timings. Biochemical estimation was repeated after 1 month for haemoglobin level of both the groups using Sahli's method. Result: Most of the subjects were found moderately anaemic in the beginning. After 1 month of Intervention with wheat grass juice there was an Average 3g/dl increase in haemoglobin level of test group and no change was seen in the control group. Results showed that the juice also acted as a laxative as it relieved constipation among many subjects. Conclusion: Wheat grass juice has significant effect on blood haemoglobin level and helps to cure anemia. No side effect of juice was complained by any of the subjects. the production of Anaemia is a wide spread public health problem which is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. India is among the countries with the highest prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in the world [3]. The reduction in oxygen available to organs and tissues when haemoglobin levels are low is responsible for many of the symptoms experienced by anaemic people. The consequences of anaemia include general body weakness, frequent tiredness, and lowered resistance to disease. Anaemia be a particularly serious problem for pregnant women, leading to premature delivery and low birth weight. It is of concern in children since anaemia is associated with impaired mental and physical development. Haemoglobin testing is the primary method of Anaemia diagnosis dietary habits that causes deficiency of iron, proteins, vitamins like vitamin C, vitamin B 12 along with folic acid. Deficiency of the above nutrients


In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of bridges which are being instrumented and monitored on an ongoing basis. This is in part due to the introduction of bridge management systems designed to provide a high level of protection to the public and early warning if the bridge becomes unsafe. This paper investigates a novel alternative; a low-cost method consisting of the use of a vehicle to monitor the dynamic behaviour of bridges. A truss vehicle-bridge model is used to test the effectiveness of the approach in identifying the damping ratio of the bridge with the time-delay neural networks (TNNs). A simulation study has been carried out for the incomplete measurement data. It has been observed that TNNs have performed better than traditional neural networks(NN) in this application and the arithmetic of the TNNs is simple.


Vehicle transmission with at least one countershaft (4) by a drive shaft (5) via one of two input constants (E1, E2) can be driven and in a direct gear by means of a switching element (S2) is alternatively disengageable, wherein the power path of a transfer (via the two input constants E1, E2), wherein the switching element (S2) is coaxial (on the countershaft 4) is arranged, characterized in that the switching element (S2) the single coaxial (for countershaft disposed 4) switching element (S2).


In this work we specify and develop a framework for assessing the students' approach in the thematic area of telecommunications service provision, based on Felder learning styles. The framework is designed as an extension on existing engineering tools, widely used in tertiary education.


It could be concluded from the existence of this colloquium and from others like it in the recent past that there is a tide of dissatisfaction against the way in which medicine has developed in the twentieth century. Articulate critics can be found, both within and outside the profession, who find fault with the rapidity, or alternatively the sluggishness, with which new knowledge of potential therapeutic values has been applied. Still others have deplored the way in which the transition has been made from animal experimentation to human trial. It has been suggested that an immutable philosophical, moral and ethical code be defined within the limits of which scientific advances could be exploited effectively and humanely in man.


Since in 1982 the first phosphatidylcholine analogues-containing vinyl monomer 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl-2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl phosphate (MTP) was reported, more and more attention has focused on its polymers, as phospholipid polymers have been found to show excellent biocompatibility. We reviewed the progress of phospholipid polymers in 1997 which covered literature from 1974 to 1997; and mainly focused on phosphatidylcholine analogues-containing vinyl polymers. This review reflects mainly recent research (i.e., mostly later than 1997) and important development progress on polymeric polyphospholipid analogues. A variety of approaches for design, synthesis, characterization, property investigation and potential applications for phospholipid-analoguecontaining polyurethanes and 2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine-containing polymers have been extensively discussed. The polymeric phospholipid analogues include polymers such as side- and main-chain types of phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing polyurethanes, side- and main-chain types of phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing segmented polyurethanes, phosphatidylcholineanalogue-grafted polyurethanes, 2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine-containing polymers, 2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine-modified acrylamide hydrogel, etc. Design and synthesis of phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing diols and their polyurethanes with various commercially available diisocyanates and phosphatidylcholine-analogue surface-modified polyurethanes are described. New ring-opening reagents such as 2-dimethylaminoethanol for the main-chain type of phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing polyurethanes, N-methyldiethanolamine for the side-chain type of phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing polyurethanes and trimethylamine for grafting phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing vinyl monomers are discussed. A general reaction route to design and synthesize phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing diols and polyurethanes is summarized. Various phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing segmented polyurethanes are also discussed. Various phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing diols, together with 1,4-butanediol or ethylenediamine as chain extender were used to synthesize phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing segmented polyurethanes or polyurethaneureas, which are based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate and various types of soft segments such as a polycarbonate, polyether, polyester and hydrocarbon diols. Characterization techniques for phosphatidylcholine-analogue-containing polyurethanes and polymers are also described. These include infra-red spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, viscosity and gel-permeation chromatography measurements for bulk property; X-ray diffraction methods for structure; dynamic viscoelasticity and tensile measurements for mechanical properties. Moreover, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis and contact angle measurements for surface properties are all described. Hemocompatibility evaluation via platelet-rich plasma contact studies and scanning electron microscopy observation and their potential applications are also discussed.


The search and development of alternative and renewable energy resources are issues that should become more topical as the negative effect of fossil fuels on the environment is experienced. Also of environmental importance is the management of huge volumes of solid waste produced annually. Waste paper is the major component of organic solid waste and during this investigation the relative saccharification of eight different waste paper materials with cellulase from Trichoderma viride has been concluded. Different sugar releasing patterns have revealed the difference in susceptibility of different organic waste materials for cellulase catalyzed bioconversion into sugars. The highest extent of degradation was observed with brown envelope paper followed by cardboard while the least susceptibility for this process of degradation was experienced with newspaper. The pH value of all incubation mixtures changes between values of pH 5.0 to pH 7.0 during the 51 hours of cellulase catalyzed bioconversion. * Corresponding Author: P. Mokatse  firstname.lastname@example.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub.net Vol. 8, No. 2, p. 66-76, 2016


Abstract— High‐precision Mg isotopic compositions of Ca‐Al‐rich inclusions (CAIs) from both Ningqiang (ungrouped) and Allende (CV3) carbonaceous chondrites and amoeboid olivine aggregations (AOAs) from Allende were analyzed by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS). The CAIs from Allende plot on a line, with an inferred initial 26Al/27Al ratio of (4.77 ± 0.39) × 10−5 close to the canonical value. This indicates a relatively closed Al‐Mg system in the CAIs and no significant Mg isotope exchange with ambient materials, although two of the CAIs are severely altered. The AOAs contain excess 26Mg and plot close to the CAI regression line, which is suggestive of their contemporary formation. The CAIs from Ningqiang define a different line with a lower inferred (26Al/27Al)0 ratio of (3.56 ± 0.08) × 10−5. None of the CAIs and AOAs studied in this work shows significant mass fractionation with enrichment of the heavier Mg isotopes, arguing against an evaporation origin.


Recent experimental Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) studies of the coil sizes of DNA-CTMA:Rh solutions have lead to numerical discrepancies with theoretical predictions amounting to one-two orders of magnitude.1 In this paper, which has partially character of a tutorial, we present the basic theoretical concepts underlying an analysis of the polymer coil sizes from DLS experiments. In particular, we discuss the limitations of those methods. We present a wormlike model of a polymer chain which is a promising candidate for inferring information about the spatial structure of the DNA chain from experimental data.


A platform for a flexible, smart sensing system using available hardware components for monitoring the operation of a greenhouse is presented. The smart sensor is based on a ZigBee MCU embedded system with multiple connectivity options to facilitate digital or analogue sensors as well as the necessary peripherals for energy management and programming/debugging. A number of physical parameters may be simultaneously monitored by each node, such as temperature, relative humidity, CO2, light intensity, soil pH / moisture through appropriate sensors. Basic functions, such as sensor differential detection and measurement consistency may be performed at the smart sensor. A central node, also acting as the Zigbee network coordinator will concentrate the various measurements through the wireless network, act as a local display and also forward the information to a back-end. The back-end will provide proper measurement visualization (including history) through any web-enabled device, as well as services such as alert notification in hazardous situations (e.g. flood / heating failure).


A novel water-soluble supramolecular dendronized polymer (SDP) was prepared through cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8])-naphthalene host-guest interaction. The composition ratio between BDP and CB[8] of as-prepared luminescent supramolecular polymer was confirmed by 1H NMR technique and mass spectrometry. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showing the polymer chain length up to 150 nm and height up to 1.75 nm unambiguously demonstrate the supramolecular polymer formation. This work might be useful for designing other main chain supramolecular dendronized polymers.


The steam and power supply was a burden to whole plant in Shanxi Branch,which is the important energy conversion and consumption consumer.Based on applied the measures of tapped a latent power and technical reconstraction,at the same time when the productivity higher,remarkable consumption was decresing,and the effects of energy saving have been obtained.


Genetically modified cotton lines have been developed that are tolerant to glyphosate, the active ingredient in the herbicide Roundup. The new lines were generated by Agrobacterium tumfaciens-mediated transfer of a gene encoding 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase isolated from Agrobacterium sp. CP4 (CP4 EPSPS). Lines were screened via greenhouse spray tests and field evaluations to identify agronomically acceptable lines with a commercial level of tolerance to glyphosate. Two lines were characterized. Lines 1445 and 1698 were transformed with different vectors that encode for the CP4 EPSPS and the neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) marker protein. Both lines contain a single DNA insertion that segregates in a typical Mendelian fashion. Line 1445 contains a single copy of the CP4 EPSPS gene, whereas the line 1698 contains two copies of the CP4 EPSPS gene at a single insertion site. The stability of each DNA insertion was demonstrated by Southern analysis across the R3 and R5 generations. The e...


The North East Ambulance Service (NEAS) does not have direct access to any information regarding patient health history, current medication, allergies, etc. that
might assist an ambulance crew when they are dispatched to an emergency incident. Therefore, an ambulance crew responding to a call-out usually travels to the incident
'information blind' regarding the patient's general health status. What makes the ambulance service in general, and the ambulance crew in particular, unique from other healthcare organizations is the spectrum of exposure to a diversity of health organizations (care homes, GPs, hospitals, etc.), and none-health organizations (police, social services, fire forces,etc.).

This thesis describes an investigation into the feasibility of implementing a software Information Broker (IB) prototype, that has the ability to provide 'on-demand' electronic health information to ambulance crews while on scene, by accessing a set of autonomous databases containing patient records. This is to support the ambulance crew with reliable patient information in order to assist their decision-making process, therefore, reduce unnecessary patients' conveyance to the Emergency Department (ED). The thesis also examines the sociotechnical issues surrounding health information transfer between and within the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom (UK) for patients with epilepsy (PWE), specifically in the North East region of England.

A case study approach was employed as an overarching framework for the feasibility study of the IB prototype. This case study was centred upon studying the needs of people with epilepsy (PWE), as this group has been identified by NEAS as frequent users of the ambulance service. In many cases, if the ambulance crew are given adequate information to support their decision-making, they do not need to convey patients to a hospital ED unless necessary. Within the case study, a phenomenological approach was employed for the set of perspectives used for investigating the sociotechnical issues surrounding the IB. The three perspectives were
the perceptions of NEAS operational and management staff, those of the JCUH staff and PWE/carers, and finally, the perceptions of the ambulance crew.

The prototype IB technology has demonstrated the feasibility of using an information transfer broker to transfer information from autonomous organizations to
the ambulance crew on scene. Overcoming technical challenges alone is not sufficient for this success. Stakeholders' requirements, organization collaboration, compliance with national standards and targets, social and technical aspects, and so forth, are other issues that have been considered. Involvement of potential stakeholders in stages of any Health and Information Technology (HIT) development is an essential
element to be included, as much as possible, to satisfy those requirements and needs of end-users.

Improving the data availability to the ambulance crews on scene via an IB, means that they can perform better decision-making while on scene with a patient.
The demonstration of the IB prototype has shown its potential for transferring patient health information from an autonomous database to ambulance crews. To
increase opportunities of success, shared incentives and aims of the intra- and inter-organizational communication and collaboration should facilitate the implementation
of HIT. Facilitating incremental improvements of systems and technologies may have an effect on the organization as a whole in terms of robustness of systems and
technologies.


There is little or no dispute about the existence, extent and the negative consequences of poverty, especially in the continent of Africa. What perhaps may be in dispute are the sources of poverty and means or ways of alleviating it. Poverty is simply a situation of lack concerning basic necessities of life. And where such deprivations exist, human beings cannot be expected to live fully, develop, and have a manageable social order. In such a situation, it would also be difficult or almost impossible for individuals to worship God and remain committed to Him. In this paper, we examine the interface between poverty and democracy in Africa, putting our searchlight mainly on ways poverty can be alleviated through and by governance, especially governments with democratic coating or appellation. We argue that there is symmetry between poverty alleviation and democratic governance, such that one necessarily affects the other. We propose that African governments must be responsive and responsible to the people to alleviate poverty. And this involves having a conducive atmosphere and freedom to choose leaders in elections in Africa which has not been the case. Furthermore, we opine that poverty has also been a bane of democratic governance in Africa because it has led to kleptomaniac tendencies in government. We then conclude that the institutionalization of truly democratic governments in Africa


A thin plastic scintillator film detector with an inner ellipsoidal reflection mirror made of aluminum is introduced. Detection efficiency and light collection efficiency of the detector have been investigated. The time resolution of the detector has been also studied. The testing results show that the detection efficiency of BC498 with the thickness of 1 micron to be used in the coming superheavy synthesis experiments is approximately 100%, and the time resolution is better than 200 ps (σ). The performances of the thin plastic scintillator film detector meet the requirements for the time measurement of the superheavy element synthesis.


Feature selection is major problem in data mining and machine learning to decrease the dimensionality of the data and increase the performance of an algorithm, such as a classification & clustering algorithm. However, feature selection is a challenging job due to the huge search space. A various efficient techniques have been applied to solve feature selection job, where evolutionary computation techniques have recently gained much attention and shown some success. However, there are no proving guidelines on the strengths and weaknesses of approaches. This leads to a discontinued and fragmented field with ultimately lost opportunities for improving performance and successful applications. This paper presents a survey of the state-ofthe-art work on evolutionary computation for feature selection, which finds the contributions of these different algorithms. Keywords—Classification, data mining, evolutionary computation, feature selection, machine learning.


Introduction New therapies are needed for patients (pts) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). BCL2 is an anti-apoptotic protein that is overexpressed in CLL and may be associated with resistance to available therapies; GDC-0199 is an orally available, selective BCL2 inhibitor. The combination of bendamustine (B) and rituximab (R) has demonstrated efficacy in relapsed/refractory (R/R) and previously untreated pts with CLL and is often used in these pts. Preclinical data suggest that GDC-0199 combined with BR may show synergistic activity in CLL. Moreover, clinical data from single-agent studies of GDC-0199, and in combination with rituximab in pts with CLL, support combining GDC-0199 with BR in this population. Data presented here are from an ongoing phase 1b study that is evaluating the maximum tolerated dose of GDC-0199 when given in combination with BR, as well as the safety, tolerability, and order of administration of this combination in R/R or previously untreated pts with CLL. Methods Pts with an ECOG PS ≤1, adequate marrow, hepatic, renal and coagulation function are being enrolled in dose finding cohorts ranging from 100 to 600 mg/day of GDC-0199 using a 3+3 dose escalation design. Pts are assigned to one of two dosing schedules (Figure 1) with GDC-0199 (Schedule A) or BR (Schedule B) introduced first, both incorporating a gradual dose ramp-up of GDC-0199 to reduce the risk of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Prophylaxis measures to mitigate TLS include IV hydration, treatment to prevent hyperuricemia and hospitalization. After completing combination therapy, R/R pts will continue single-agent GDC-0199 until disease progression. Previously untreated pts will continue single-agent GDC-0199 for up to 18 months. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) data are identified after all pts in a cohort have completed ³21 days of combination treatment at the target dose of GDC-0199 and focus on treatment emergent TLS and cytopenias. Results As of May 2014, 6 pts with R/R CLL have been enrolled in the dose finding stage of the study with a median time on study of 67 (range 43-113) days. All 6 pts were enrolled on Schedule A; 3 pts were enrolled in the 100 mg GDC-0199 cohort and 3 pts were enrolled in the 200 mg cohort. Baseline characteristics of the 6 pts are as follows: median age 67 (range 52-71) years, 3 male pts, median of 2 prior CLL therapies (range 1-3, including 4 pts with previous exposure to fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab [FCR] and 1 with previous exposure to FCR and B), beta-2 microglobulin ≥3.5 mg/L in 2 pts, and unmutated IGHV in 5 pts. Prior to starting therapy, the median lymphocyte count was 40.85 x 109 cells/L (range 2.11-169 x 109 cells/L), hemoglobin level was 101.5 g/L (range 99-134 g/L), neutrophil count was 2.54 cells/μL (range 1.81-3.8 cells/μL), and platelet count was 83.5 x 109/L (range 49-250 x 109/L). Pts were assigned to 1 of 3 TLS risk groups based on screening ALC and tumor bulk: low risk 1 pt, medium risk 4 pts, and high risk 1 pt. Cytogenetic data are available for 3 pts: 1 pt had del17p, 2 pts had del 11q, and 3 pts had del 13q. No DLTs were observed. All 6 pts have experienced adverse events (AEs, Figure 2). The most common AE was anemia with most Grade ³3 AEs being hematological toxicities (Figure 2). One serious AE of bronchitis was observed in a pt enrolled in the 100 mg GDC-0199 cohort and resolved after treatment. Two pts in the 100 mg GDC-0199 cohort discontinued BR after the 21-day DLT window secondary to treatment emergent cytopenia: 1 with neutropenia after completing 1 cycle of BR (previous treatment FCR without baseline cytopenia) and the second with thrombocytopenia after completing 3 cycles of BR (previous treatment FCR and chlorambucil with thrombocytopenia at screening). Both pts remain on single-agent GDC-0199. No TLS events (laboratory or clinical) were observed and no deaths reported. Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate the combination of GDC-0199 and BR in pts with CLL. Despite 5 pts being identified as medium or high risk for TLS, no pts developed TLS as a result of the ramp-up dosing of GDC-199 and prophylactic measures. The most frequent AEs were hematological toxicities and generally manageable; however, 2 pts had to discontinue BR (after 1 and 3 cycles) but were able to remain on GDC-0199. Dose escalation in R/R pts is continuing in order to evaluate the optimal dose/schedule with a plan to enroll previously untreated pts in the near future. Disclosures Boyd:Genentech: Research Funding; US Oncology/McKesson: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy. Morschhauser:Genentech: Travel grant Other; Gilead, Mundipharma, Bayer, Spectrum, Celgene: Honoraria. Wendtner:AbbVie, Genentech, Hoffman-La Roche, Mundipharma: Consultancy, Research Funding. Lymp:Genentech: Employment. Hilger:Genentech: Employment. Vosganian:Genentech: Employment. Huang:Genentech: Employment. Stilgenbauer:Genentech, Hoffman La Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding.


Silicon carbide (SiC) is a promising material for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices. In the amorphous state physical-vapor-deposited SiC is already an essential part of the production of electron beam liquid phase crystallized silicon absorbers, because of its good wettability for the silicon melt. The resulting polycrystalline thin film absorbers exhibit excellent electrical properties (B. Eggleston et al. MRS Online Proc. Libr. 1426, 251 (2012)) and demonstrate the potential of this technology (J. Dore et al. IEEE J. Photovolt. 4, 33 (2014)). A drawback of amorphous SiC interlayers is their poor optical properties. In this work we investigate two different approaches. Firstly, we show how those properties can be improved by depositing SiCxOy layers to enhance the transmittance while maintaining the wettability. Secondly, the laser crystallization of amorphous silicon–carbon compounds is studied as a function of their composition and the applied laser fluence. Compared to the amorphous SiC layers...


Dear Editor,

We would like to congratulate Dr. Bakhshi and colleagues for being the first group to publish scientific evidence regarding the osteogenic effect of erythropoietin (EPO) in a clinical trial (1). As you correctly report, several preclinical studies have shown the efficacy of Erythropoietin to increase bone healing at early time points (2-4).In agreement with your approach, we strongly believe that localized, low-dose administration is the prerequisite for clinical application of recombinant human EPO in the clinical orthopedic setting. Systemic dosage increases risk of known adverse effects such as thromboembolic complications.However, the scientific validity of your study could have been greatly improved if the following steps were followed: first, adherence to CONSORT guidelines regarding randomized clinical trials; especially information about eligibility, enrolment, randomization and blinding procedures should be given; secondly, the treatment regimen, e.g. manufacturer and dosage of EPO specified in more detail (5). For instance, the treatment regimen was described as "EPO (4000 IU) was injected in one group into the fracture site two weeks after the operation and under sterile conditions and guide of a C-arm." However, after email correspondence, the authors specify that they used three vials in slim patients and up to five vials in obese patients. Tibia fractures span a broad range of injuries. Fracture healing and the likelihood of non-unions highly depends upon the severity of the fracture and soft-tissue injury (6). Excellent classification systems for fracture types and accompanying soft-tissue injury exist and should be used when reporting fracture studies (closed fractures: Oestern and Tscherne, open fractures: Gustilo) (6-8). Were fractures in this study confined to the simple tibia shaft fractures with addition of fibular fracture, corresponding to AO classification types: 42-A1.2, 42-A1.3, 42-A2.2, 42-A2.3, 42-A3.2, and 42-A3.3 (9)? Was there any difference in soft-tissue damage between the treatment and control group? Even though Goldhan et al. suggest multiple radiologic examinations in order to determine possible acceleration of fracture healing, in the light of patient safety concerns, 10 radiologic examinations per patient with 14-day intervals until union was achieved at a mean time of almost 20 weeks seem clinically and ethically unjustified (10)


Background Acute myeloid leukemia results from clonal proliferation of myeloid precursors, resulting in accumulation of leukemic blasts in the bone marrow. The effect of leukemic blasts in the bone have not been well studied. It is hypothesized that leukemic blasts may affect the osteoblast and osteoclast balance.

Aim The aim of this study is to describe the effect of osteoporosis/osteopenia on the survival of patients with AML/ high risk MDS

Methods A retrospective study of all AML and high-risk MDS patients treated at Akron General Medical Center, Ohio during 2001-2012. Following IRB approval, patients' charts were reviewed for information on demographics, cytogenetics, and treatment. Patients were classified into low risk, intermediate risk and high risk MDS based on WHO criteria. Charts were reviewed for a diagnosis of osteoporosis/osteopenia. Overall survival rates were determined by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Patients were classified into osteopenia/osteoporosis based on bone density scans. An additional three patients were identified with osteopenia on the basis of lumbar X rays and one patient was diagnosed with osteoporosis on the basis of typical compression fracture for osteoporosis.

Results During the study period, 187 patients were identified with AML/high risk MDS. A total of 31 patients were found to have osteopenia/osteoporosis based on radiological findings. Eight patients had osteoporosis and 24 patients had osteopenia. A survival analysis was performed on the study population based on bone mineral density. Group one (osteoporosis) included eight patients; group two (osteopenia) included 23 patients and group three (no radiological evidence of osteoporosis/osteopenia) included 156 patients. Results are depicted in the survival curve below.

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Table 1

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Table 2

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Table 3

![Figure][1]

Conclusions Bone mineral density remains an unidentified factor in patient's survival, suffering from AML/ High risk MDS. It appears that patients with normal bone density may live longer than patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis, but this is not confirmed here statistically. Future studies with a larger patient sample may be helpful in further exploring this aspect and the role of bisphosphonates in patients with AML/high risk MDS.

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

 [1]: pending:yes


This research based on reality observed by writer at SDN 10 Surau Gadang, learning proses of PKn in fourth grade showed that student involvement was still low, where student lacked the courage to speaking to express their opinion, student lack of mutual help and coorperation and teacher also lack of using learning model that can stimulate student activity. There for researcher used learning model Cooperative Learning type Co Op Co Op to increase student learning outcomes. The objective of this research was to describe the increasing of student learning outcomes in PKn subject by using learning model Cooperative Learning type Co Op Co Op in fourth grade student. This research was class action research by using qualitative and quantitative approach,subjects of this research were fourth grade student of SDN 10 Surau Gadang and teacher of  fourth grade. Learning model used was Cooperative Learning type Co Op Co Op and consist of cycle I and cycle II. The data was obtained by observation and test. Result of this research showed that: a) cycle I planning, the average of meeting I with percentage 85% and meeting II was 92%, in cycle II increased to 96% and, b) implementation cycle I the average teacher factor in meeting I was 72%  and meeting II was 87% and increased in cycle II to 95% and student aspect cycle I the average of meeting I was 72% and meeting II was 85%  and increased in cycle II was 93%, c) student learning outcomes was obtained from three aspect cognitive, affective, psychomotor in cycle I was 68,17 and cycle II the average increased to 82,77. From this research we can conclude that by using learning model Cooperative Learning type Co Op Co Op can increased student learning outcomes in PKn at fourth grade SDN 10 Surau Gadang Kecamatan Nanggalo Kota Padang. Kata Kunci: hasil belajar.cooperative learning tipe co op co op,  hasil belajar.


Automation of key mainline compressor-station operations on Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line and Trunkline Gas systems has reduced fuel-gas and personnel costs. In 1985, mainline stations on the two systems used approximately $70 million of natural-gas fuel to move gas to market areas. This cost is expected to decline by 15-20% after automation work is completed. Further, the automation program has helped fill the void left by a large number of retirements in the mainline stations, thus reducing manpower costs in those stations. Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line is now in the second year of the program designed to automate the pipeline facilities of the two natural-gas pipeline companies, Panhandle Eastern and Trunkline Gas. At the completion of the program, the mainline stations will be able to operate unattended 16 hr/day during the week and 24 hr/day on the weekend.


Background: Kidney diseases are one of the most common disorders of the modern life. Cadmium (Cd)-induced kidney damage is a common cause of chronic renal failure. Several mechanisms have been postulated to explain the mechanisms underlying Cd induced renal injury such as oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of ghrelin(AG) on renal damage induced by Cd and possible mechanisms Methods: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were subdivided into 3 equal groups; Group I (control) the vehicle control, Group II (Cd) group in which rats were subjected to 5 mg Cd/Kg/d via gastric gavage for 4 weeks, Group III (AG) as group II but rats were treated with 3 nmol of ghrelin/animal per day via subcutaneously route for 4 weeks. By the end of experiment, serum levels of creatinine ,Na+ and K, the levels of lipid peroxidations marker (MDA) and antioxidants (GSH) in kidney tissues, kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) in urine and the expression of caspase-3 and LC3 in kidney tissues were measured. Results: Cd administration caused significant increase in serum creatinine and k, urine KIM1 with significant increase in kidney tissues LC3, caspase 3 and MDA that was concomitant with a significant decrease in GSH in (p< 0.05). Administration of AG with Cd caused significant improvement in the studied parameters. Conclusion: we concluded that AG attenuates the renal injury induced by cadmium, which might be due to attenuation of apoptosis, oxidative stress and autophagic process in kidney tissues.


A tunable diode pumped micro-crystal solid-state laser for a miniaturized interferometer was developed. The interferometer is realized as an integrated optic chip. The measurement system is designed for absolute distance interferometry to measure at an operation distance of 50 m, with a maximum linear movement of 5 cm and an accuracy of 5 nm. To achieve this task the laser wavelength is stabilized in the infrared at two wavelengths with a fixed frequency distance of larger than 80 GHz. The reproducible scanning between these two wavelengths is carried out by frequency stabilization of the 2nd harmonic to the absorption lines of an iodine gas cell. The linewidth of the stabilized laser is smaller than 200 kHz. The laser emits the fundamental wavelength (lambda) 1 equals 1064 nm and the second harmonic (lambda) 2 equals 532 nm. The laser is continuously tunable without mode hoping over a tuning range of more than 210 GHz (at 532 nm). An optical output power of 150 mW is achieved in the fundamental wavelength and 0.5 mW in the second harmonic part.


The purpose of FFREE - the new optical bench devoted to experiments on high-contrast imaging at LAOG - consists in the validation of algorithms based on off-line calibration techniques and adaptive optics (AO) respectively for the wavefront measurement and its compensation. The aim is the rejection of the static speckles pattern arising in a focal plane after a diffraction suppression system (based on apodization or coronagraphy) by wavefront pre-compensation. To this aim, FFREE has been optimized to minimize Fresnel propagation over a large near infrared (NIR) bandwidth in a way allowing efficient rejection up to the AO control radius, it stands then as a demonstrator for the future implementation of the optics that will be common to the scientific instrumentation installed on EPICS.


© 2009 The Authors. doi: 10.2340/00015555-0715 Journal Compilation © 2009 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555 Sir, Efalizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody directed against CD11a, leading to blockage of lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1-mediated T-cell adhesion and subsequent inhibition of T-cell activation and trafficking to sites of cutaneous inflammation (1). Efalizumab was approved in 2004 for the treatment of moderate–severe psoriasis in patients not responding to, or intolerant to, traditional systemic antipsoriatic therapy, and was administered as a subcutaneous injection once weekly. Until now, global exposure of patients to efalizumab was estimated at 47,000 patient-years (2). However, efalizumab was recently withdrawn from the European, Canadian and US markets due to a potential risk for developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a rare, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by an opportunistic viral infection and usually leading to death or severe disability (2). The most common adverse reactions associated with efalizumab include headache, chills, fever, nausea and myalgia, developing within 2 days of the first two injections. Hypersensitivity reactions, including dyspnoea, asthma, urticaria, angioedema and maculopapular rash, have also been reported (3).


Navigation is one of basic functions of auto-mobile robots. After dozens of years of development, now the navigation in static environment almost has been realized, taking the method in ROS (i.e. Robot Operation System) navigation stack as an example. However, when cruising in dynamic environment, there are more difficulties, as the objects in the environment can change their positions. To deal with such cases, we propose a scheme to navigate using layered costmap. By predicting the dynamic object's encounter position according to both its and the robot's kinematic information, and put it in another layer, and set different costs around the objects according the estimation of the motion of them, then path based on the layered costmaps can be planned. In this paper, the safety and efficiency of our scheme have been proven by the results of simulation.


Behavioral approaches to the treatment of aggression and hostility in children, adolescents, and adults are reviewed. The major theoretical approaches and definitions are presented, and a number -of classification variables that may facilitate the research in the area are recommended. It is suggested that the three major theoretical approaches emphasize reinforcement processes, social learning, or cognitive-emotional factors, and that each theory has different implications for assessment and treatment. Studies relevant to each paradigm are reviewed. The need for theory-based assessment and treatment strategies as a guide in future research is emphasized.


The existence of a ferromagnetic surface layer in antiferromagnetic chromium has been confirmed experimentally by detecting surface magnetoplasma waves (SMPW) via the method of attenuated total reflection. The optical configuration consisted of a half cylinder heavy dense flint prism −900 A MgF2 dielectric thin film–optically opaque chromium film. The dispersion curve for surface plasma waves (SPW) was obtained by measuring the reflectivity as a function of angle of incidence at constant photon energy in the range of 2.0–4.0 eV. Measurement of the normalized reflectivity difference δ due to a low frequency oscillating magnetic field applied perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the SPW indicates the presence of SMPW and therefore a ferromagnetic surface layer. Experimentally δ maximizes at E=3.25 eV and varies linearly with the applied magnetic field to 500 Oe. In the absence of SPMW δ is less than 1% of the δ measured in the presence of SMPW in the same photon energy range.


This study concerns the existing controversy about the validity of one-vs two-compartment models for the distribution of intravenously injected enzymes in the dog. It is shown that infusion of enzyme at a constant rate permits direct calculation of enzyme clearance constants, independently of the specific model used. Enzyme preparations were obtained by leakage of enzymes from heart tissue under hypoxic conditions. The values for the plasma clearance constants k of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are 0.36 ± 0.030 h−1 and 0.21 ± 0.014 h−1 respectively (mean ± SE, n = 8).

These values are compared with clearance rates as estimated from a bolus injection of enzyme given 90 min before the infusion was started. For both enzymes the values of k as estimated from the infusion equal the apparent disappearance constants kd obtained from the preceding bolus injections. From these experiments it is concluded that plasma clearance of CK and AST is adequately described by a one-compartment model.

In 10 experiments plasma clearance curves after bolus injections were sampled over 8 h. Disappearance of AST was strictly mono-exponential, while for CK a slight biphasic effect was observed in five out of ten cases resulting into improved double-exponential fits. It is concluded that this effect is not due to exchange of enzyme with an extravascular pool but is caused by a fraction of enzyme with a slightly higher elimination rate. This phenomenon is illustrated by showing that AST also shows biphasic disappearance upon injection of an enzyme preparation obtained by mechanical disruption of cells.

Individual and day-to-day variations in k values obtained for CK and AST do not show any correlation. This suggests independent clearance mechanisms for both enzymes.


Multilevel inverters produce an output voltage with superior quality compared to the voltage obtained by two-level converters. They are controlled with pulse width modulation (PWM) methods and have a limited switching frequency due to semiconductor devices switching losses. This paper presents the implementation for multilevel converters of two generated PWM methods that were previously proposed for two level converters. The considered methods, sinusoidal carrier regulated by the slope of a trapezoidal waveform PWM (SLPWM) and frequency modulated triangular carrier PWM (HIPWM-FMTC), control the output voltage spectrum while keeping the number of commutations low for a given fundamental frequency.


MEMS design in NODAS is based on a geometrically intuitive schematic representation of MEMS using a small set of atomic elements (anchors, beams, plates and electrostatic gaps), each of which is associated with a geometrically parameterized lumped behavioral model. A linear beam model is unsuitable for simulation of devices where the beam deflection is large or where axial stress exists in the beam. Due to the complexity of the nonlinear beam mechanics, exact analytical solutions are generally unavailable. A nonlinear beam model for behavioral simulation is presented, which captures the geometric nonlinearity caused by large axial stress and large deflection. Very good agreement of the NODAS simulation results of example problems with available analytical solutions and with FEA simulation results verifies the model accuracy.


This paper deals with the up-to-date issue of renewable energy production systems. For their exploitation these systems need advanced integrated controls that include power electronics facilities. A study of a micro- hydro water turbine based energy production system is presented. This study is oriented on controlling the micro- hydro generation system in grid-connected and in islanded operation. For each of this two operation modes, the roles of power electronics converters have been assigned and control structures have been proposed. Simulations and experimental tests have been realized to verify the feasibility of the system and the response of the control loops.


Three different proposals for the separation into a deviatoric and a nondeviatoric term of the pressure–velocity interactions in the Reynolds stress transport equations are discussed. It is shown from general considerations and two specific examples that the customary separation is likely to be the correct choice.


It is known that detachment waves are generated on the surface of a soft material when it is slid on a hard surface under certain conditions. In the present study, the variation in the contact area that arises when a plate of a cross-linked polymer, poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is slid in contact with a glass hemisphere has been measured every 2 ms using a microscope and high-speed camera. The measurements elucidate that the behavior of the PDMS surface under sliding friction is divided into three modes. In mode I, a detachment wave is generated and it propagates across the contact zone. In mode II, a detachment wave is generated but does not propagate perfectly. In mode III, no detachment waves are generated. The Young modulus and load control the generation of detachment waves, but the contribution of the former is approximately 8 orders of magnitude larger than that of the latter.


Theory is developed for a time-dependenit scatternng experiment that consists in following the time development of a photon wave packet scattered resonantly from the metastable state of an appropriate nucleus. (C.E.S.)


The Main objective of this assistive framework is to communicate the textual Information in the image captured by the Visually Challenged person as Speech, So that the Visually Challenged person can acquire knowledge about the surrounding. This framework can help Visually Challenged person to read books, magazine, warnings, instructions and various displays as well by taking their image along with the surrounding. Then the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) extracts and recognizes the text in the image and generates the text file. This text file is further converted to Speech with the help of Text to Speech (TTS) Synthesis. The inherent problem with the previous approach was if the acquired image is affected with the issues of different lighting conditions, noise and issue of Skew and Blur, as the image is captured by Visually Challenged person. Then the overall accuracy of the system was at stake due to inefficient OCR leads to improper Speech output of TTS Synthesis. In this paper we have introduced two more processes that are deblurring using Blind Deconvolution method and Preprocessing operation to remove the effect of noise and blur. Thus it prepares the image for efficient result of the framework for Visually Challenged. The proposed approach is implemented in Matlab with the image captured manually and taken from the internet and the result along with the OCR text file and corresponding output Speech shows that our framework is better than the previous framework.


__________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The paper examined if there exist any linkages between mortgage financing and housing delivery in Nigeria from periods of 2002-2021. Specifically, the paper examined the effect of Primary Mortgage Bank Loans, Federal Mortgage Bank Loans to Mortgage, Microfinance Bank loans to mortgage, and Government Allocation to Housing on housing delivery in Nigeria. Data the were the (CBN) and the National Bureau of statistics (2021) from 2002 to 2021. the the OLS estimate. pre-estimation and tests Heteroskedascity test, Ramsey Reset Test, and variance inflation factors/multi-collinearity test. periods under review. Accordingly, the paper recommends that, the primary Mortgage Bank should heighten efforts towards improving on reforms and policies that encourage the use of loans by mortgage institution for sustained growth and greater house development. More so, the federal Mortgage Bank should introduce new, flexible, and versatile loan policies suited to the prevailing conditions in the country taking into account dynamic changes in the environment.


Background: Care coordination (CC), a central responsibility of the medical home, significantly impacts health outcomes of CSHCN. Most studies to date have focused on either provider provision of CC or patient experience with CC. Objective: We compared how providers for, and parents of, CSHCN experience subspecialty access, communication amongst physicians, and barriers to CC, and examined associated characteristics. Methods: Two datasets were analyzed: a survey of Illinois primary care pediatricians and the Illinois sample within the National Survey of CSHCN. Results: 376 physicians and 793 parents were analyzed. Providers and parents were highly satisfied with obtaining subspecialty referrals and with communication amongst doctors (76-92%), however 41% of parents and 38% of physicians identified CC barriers. Doctors more frequently reported CC barriers if employed by community hospitals (OR: 2.4 [95%CI: 1.2-4.6]), without academic appointments (OR: 1.6[1-2.4]), did not participate in a medical home project (OR: 4.5[1.7-12.1]), or cared for an overrepresentation of Hispanic patients (OR: 2.1[1.2-3.8]). Parents were 60% less likely to report poor doctor communication if they had a primary caregiver and 60% less likely to report difficulty with referrals if they had a usual place for care. Conclusions: Patients and physicians are overall highly satisfied with access to and communication with subspecialists, however over a third of parents and physicians of CSHCN, particularly non-academic community providers, report CC barriers.


Abstract This project aimed to demonstrate the development of a simple application protocol and its implementation in an object oriented language. It was proposed the case of a distributed client/server system planned to remotely supervise a set of sensors connected to a TCP/IP network. The target protocol was designed with the help of finite automata concepts. Two software modules were written in Java: the client to simulate the sensors in replacement of the actual hardware and the server to monitor several remote sensors in a central locality. The protocol was also implemented in Java and it was proved to work correctly over the Internet.


Agricultural Officer (Irrigation and Labor operations), FETS Farm services, ICRISAT, Patancheru Tel : +91-40-30713405, Mob: +91-7032823405 Wheat is the most important and widely cultivated food crop in the world. In India, Wheat is the second important cereal crop, first being Rice. To improve the production of wheat, as in any other crop, introduction of varieties with a high yield potential is essential. Variety contributes more than 50 percent of the increased production. The next important component for increased production is the nutrient availability. Native fertility level of the tropical soils with special reference to nitrogen is invariably insufficient for touching the peak production mark of a variety and hence, the need for supplementing this nutrient is obvious with most varieties. Selection of suitable genotype is of prime importance as the genetic potential of varieties limits response to nitrogen. Moreover, varieties differ both in yield and nutrient uptake. Hence, it is necessary to find out the correct dose of nitrogen and suitable varieties for maximizing wheat yields in Southern Telangana agro-climatic zone.


Abstract This paper extends the discussion of fully second-order-accurate, forward-in-time, finite-difference schemes for the advection equation with arbitrary forcing (which is viewed as a prototype for the prognostic equations of fluid dynamics) to an arbitrary curvilinear system of coordinates. Since forward-in-time schemes derive ultimately from Taylor series analysis of the uncentered-in-time differencing, it is important to include the appropriate metric terms explicitly into the algorithm's design. A rigorous truncation-error analysis leads to a compact scheme that preserves (to second-order accuracy) the consistency of Eulerian and Lagrangian formulations for fluids. Alternative approximations to the advective velocity in the transport flux are also discussed. In order to achieve second-order accuracy of the forward-in-time approximation, the advective velocity must be evaluated to at least first-order accuracy at the intermediate time level. Such a temporal staggering is usually simulated by mean...


We solve the Schwinger model on the circle in the canonical Hamiltonian formalism without bosonizing. Working in the {ital A}{sub 0}=0 gauge, we explicitly construct the exact, physical states of the theory in the fermionic Fock space using the Schroedinger-picture representation for the gauge field degrees of freedom. The {Theta} vacuum is obtained naturally and its detailed structure is exhibited.


This paper summarizes in brief the function and the development of DVR,and then compares and analyses the four main parts.The experimental results of the prototype shown the DVR is featured of quick response and excellent performance,and can remorve the influence of the dynamic voltage quality on sensitive load.It is also successful to use DVR for managing the static voltage quality for instance to eliminate the harmonics.


Authors present an overview of the contemporary applications of acoustic emission method for the diagnosis of non-standard operating conditions of machines with rotating parts. The main attention is focused on operational diagnostics of axial and radial bearings. In part are reviewed also options of supplementary use of the AE method for the diagnosis of damage of gears and real gearboxes. This overview of published results is confronted with the practical experiences gained during the implementation of several projects at Laboratory of Acoustic Emission of the Institute of Machine and Industrial Design in Brno University of Technology.


It was 4am on December 11, 2010, in balmy Cancun, that ultra-protected, unsustainable bubble of hedonism in a sea of Mexican poverty. Champagne corks popped, and the victory of enlightened humanity...


Discovering high-performance metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with open metal sites has become an increasingly hot research topic in the field of safe storage and transportation of acetylene. Following the concept of Materials Genomics proposed recently, a database of 502 experimental MOFs was built by searching the structures deposited in the CSD with the dicopper paddle-wheel node Cu2(COO)4 as the characteristic materials gene. On the basis of the developed ab initio force field, a high-throughput computational screening was conducted to examine the property-performance relationships of MOFs containing Cu-OMS for C2H2 storage at ambient conditions. The optimal ranges of the structural and energetic features for the design of such MOFs were suggested. From our computational screening, three potentially promising MOFs were identified which exhibit a performance outperforming those MOFs reported experimentally so far with record high gravimetric C2H2 uptakes, both in the total and deliverable adsorption capacities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.