The purpose of the study was to draw upan experimental model of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) induced by dactinomycin (ACT) and to investigate the possible hepatoprotective effects of Ethyol (amifostine). Pathological changes corresponding to a VOD picture of varying intensification were found in the liver samples obtained from all the rats receiving ACT. Amifostine appears to act protectively to liver changes caused by dactinomycin.


Nucleic acids have become a powerful tool in nanotechnology because of their conformational polymorphism. However, lack of a medium in which nucleic acid structures exhibit long-term stability has been a bottleneck. Ionic liquids (ILs) are potential solvents in the nanotechnology field. Hydrated ILs, such as choline dihydrogen phosphate (choline dhp) and deep eutectic solvent (DES) prepared from choline chloride and urea, are 'green' solvents that ensure long-term stability of biomolecules. An understanding of the behaviour of nucleic acids in hydrated ILs is necessary for developing DNA materials. We here review current knowledge about the structures and stabilities of nucleic acids in choline dhp and DES. Interestingly, in choline dhp, A–T base pairs are more stable than G–C base pairs, the reverse of the situation in buffered NaCl solution. Moreover, DNA triplex formation is markedly stabilized in hydrated ILs compared with aqueous solution. In choline dhp, the stability of Hoogsteen base pairs is comparable to that of Watson–Crick base pairs. Moreover, the parallel form of the G-quadruplex is stabilized in DES compared with aqueous solution. The behaviours of various DNA molecules in ILs detailed here should be useful for designing oligonucleotides for the development of nanomaterials and nanodevices.


300,000DWT iron ore terminal in Bayu Bay Port Area of Yingkou Port is close to the existing iron ore terminal and breakwater.Due to narrow construction area and many restricted conditions,the construction conditions are fully considered in marine structure design of the project so as to assure the normal operation of the existing iron ore terminal during the construction.The plan fully satisfies the employer,its technical indexes are feasible,reasonable and advantageous to shorten the project construction period,which will provide the reference for the similar projects.


The present invention provides an increased luminance uniformity, reducing the power consumption of the surface light source device and a surface light source device using the liquid crystal display. The surface light source device comprising: a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and comprising providing at least two discharge space into a space dividing member and a light source disposed maternal parent surface source, applying a first power supply unit so as to space division cross member and comprises a power source is applied from a first portion extending along the first surface to the respective spatial division portion between the electrode member a first electrode and spaced from the first electrode and placed in the parent source, a second electrode member so that a space division cross. Thus, greatly improving the uniformity and reduced power consumption required for light generating luminance of the surface light source device.


Nanomedicine, being pressured by the increasing demands for fighting menacing diseases such as cancer, relies pragmatically on consolidated knowledge, namely on therapeutic strategies that are at an advanced stage of experimentation [...].


Abstract Considering the advancement of the agrarian extractive frontier in Brazil, the research question was 'what were the elements that enabled the formation and resistance of a socio-environmental frontier in the Amazon'? This extractive frontier has been related to the deforestation and environmental degradation caused by the expansion of predatory activities (logging, extensive cattle ranching, soybean cultivation, mineral extraction and hydroelectricity production), aggravating rather than mitigating climate change. The socio-environmental frontier has been created by the convergence of a diversity of experiences and fronts of struggle resisting the agrarian extractive frontier. Answering the question, the objective is to understand the main fronts of struggles, referred to as the environmentalist, peasant and Indigenist fronts. These fronts established the socio-environmental frontier, leading to the creation of protected territories, including Indigenous lands, extractive reserves and conservation units for sustainable use. It achieved recognition and international support, including financing of projects for protecting and consolidating such territories. Despite these conquests and victories, one cannot ignore the challenges and risks of the Amazonian communities becoming trapped by the logic of accumulation. The increasing demand for natural resources could disconnect them from the fundamental elements of their identities and connections to their territories.


This paper investigates the word-prosodic system of the Curaçao dialect of Papiamentu. Curaçao Papiamentu has both lexically distinctive stress and, independently, a word-level tone contrast. On the basis of a detailed acoustic investigation of this tonal contrast, we propose a privative phonological interpretation of the tone contrast, similar to proposals for the Scandinavian word-accent systems (Riad 1998, to appear). As compared to previous treatments of Curaçao Papiamentu word prosody, our hypothesis makes crucial reference to intonation and to tonal underspecification. We also investigate the realisation of primary and secondary stress in Curaçao Papiamentu.


Companies need funding for business growth. Syndicated financing is financing in large amounts of funds and projects that require extensive and long-term financing. Syndi-cated financing has grown since the 1960s. Participating financial institutions have compliance and knowledge of syndicated financing agreements. Customers have low compliance and understanding of financing agreements. This discrepancy has given rise to several communication problems, which resulted in legal events. This research aims to examine syndicated financing agreements between financial institutions and customers from the juridical side. This research uses a normative juridical method. This research concludes that the financing agreement is a single agreement between customers and many financial institutions. Financial institutions cannot deal directly with customers in the syndicated financing agreements. The facility agent or trustee represents the financial institution in negotiations with the customer if there is a difference or discrepancy with the financing agreement.


Purpose - The sports industry is a forerunner in the international quest for talent as the search by sport clubs and the corresponding self-initiated expatriation of athletes starts at a very early age. The purpose of this paper is to address this phenomenon by exploring the experiences of talented young Icelandic footballers (soccer players) in their transition from Iceland into senior-level professional football in European leagues across six dimensions – three individual and three cultural. Design/methodology/approach - Biographical narrative interviews have been conducted with eight Icelandic players moving overseas at a young age with the purpose of advancing their career. To investigate the coping strategies applied, a purposeful sampling approach was chosen, given that half of the participants successfully dealt with transitions in their career, while the other half did not experience the same success. Findings - As an overall result, the expatriate journey for young footballers is complex, influenced by many events, expectations, conditions and pressures that affect their support web and ability to adjust. Reflecting on the experiences of successful transitions, problem-focused coping strategies have been more effective than emotion-focused coping. Research limitations/implications - This study highlights some necessary conditions and coping strategies for young self-initiated sports expatriates to cope with the expatriate transition successfully. Originality/value - The authors contribute to research on expatriation, as this specific group of "young professionals" has not yet been addressed by the research within international human resource management. Our research framework responds to calls in the literature to consider additional stages of player development and an array of individual and cultural factors that may have a significant role in shaping players' careers abroad.


The development of domestic market of plywood relies heavily on the effective demand for plywood or buying power in real sense. This research is aimed at studying the pattern of relation ship between the consumption of plywod by household in Central Java and East Java and some factors influencing it.The average volume of plywood annually consumed by household is of 0.0152 m3 per year per family (with average of 3. 6 persons/family). The variables that influence the effective demand of plywood are family income, price of plywood and the number of family member. The elasticity of the demand of the three factors is of 0.3365 implying that the consumption of plywood is inelastic to the change of the three factors.


Building a recommendation system that serves billions of users on daily basis is a challenging problem, as the system needs to make astronomical number of predictions per second based on real-time user behaviors with O(1) time complexity. Such kind of large scale recommendation systems usually rely heavily on pre-built index of products to speedup the recommendation service so that online user waiting time is un-noticeable. One important indexing structure is the product-product index, where one can retrieval a list of ranked products given a seed product. The index can be viewed as a weighted product-product graph. In this paper, we present our novel technologies to efficiently build such kind of indexed product graphs. In particular, we propose the Swing algorithm to capture the substitute relationships between products, which can utilize the substructures of user-item click bi-partitive graph. Then we propose the Surprise algorithm for the modeling of complementary product relationships, which utilizes product category information and solves the sparsity problem of user co-purchasing graph via clustering technique. Base on these two approaches, we can build the basis product graph for recommendation in Taobao. The approaches are evaluated comprehensively with both offline and online experiments, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the work.


T HE MECHANISM of osmotic hemolysis of red cells has been a subject for discussion for many years. Much of the discussion has centered on the question of whether hemoglobin diffuses out of the cell by way of a single large break in the membrane, or by way of many small openings. Kochen5 using light microscopy and a dye which formed a precipitate with hemoglobin, observed what appeared to be a single stream of hemoglobin emerging from the cell as well as a recoil of the cell in the opposite direction. Danon6 using an ion exchange resin to effect a gradual decrease in salt content, made phase contrast cine pictures of hemolyzing red cells, and also examined shadow cast ghosts produced by gradual and rapid osmotic shock. It was concluded that slow hemolysis was characterized by hemoglobin diffusion over the entire surface of the cell, while rapid hemolysis probably resulted in a gross rupture. It was shown by Seeman7 however, using electron microscopy, that holes in the membrane of the order of 200 AU in diameter opened and closed during hypotonic hemolysis. The holes were localized in a circular zone about one micron in diameter. The work reported here had its origin in an attempt to arrest hemolysis at various stages by the device of dialysis against a fixative in hypotonic solution. It was soon apparent, however, that the hemolytic phenomenon observed was the reaction of a red cell whose properties had been modified by exposure to the fixative. The phenomenon appeared to be enough interest to warrant the report which follows.


According to the Checklist of Japanese Birds (fifth and revised edition) published in 1974 Accipiter nisus is a common summer visitor in Hokkaido. However, A. nisus has been occasionally observed in winter in different areas of Hokkaido. As part of avifaunal studies at Tomakomai (Tomakomai Experiment Forest of the Hokkaido University), Bibai, Sapporo and Ebetsu (Nopporo Forest Park), data were obtained on occurrences of A. nisus from November to March of next year. Study areas were covered with snow from early December to mid-March. A total of 50 birds were recorded. In most cases they were seen flying above residental of wooded areas. On rare occasions birds were seen attempting to catch Parus major or Turdus naumanni. Based on information derived from the present study and reports published previously, A. nisus observed in winter is not late remaining or early arrived birds, but wintering ones.


The author emphasizes the residual complications in hand injuries. Of these the most important is stiffness of the interphalangeal joints. He urges that attention be given to early and continued active and passive motion, simple but most important.


Enantiospecific synthesis of thaps-8-en-5-ol, comprising of the carbon framework of a small group of sesquiterpenes containing three contiguous quaternary carbon atoms has been described. (R)-Carvone has been employed as the chiral starting material and a combination of intramolecular alkyation and Criegee fragmentation have been employed for intramolecular stereospecific transfer of the chirality. An intramolecular diazoketone cyclopropanation and regioselective cyclopropane ring cleavage reactions have been employed for the creation of the three requisite contiguous quaternary carbon atoms. The medicinal properties of the plants belonging to the umbelliferous genus Thapsia, mostly distributed in the Mediterranean region and in the Iberian peninsula, were recognized as early as 300 B.C. For centuries, preparations containing resin from the root of Thapsia garganica L. have been used in Arabian and European medicine for the treatment of pulmonary diseases, catarrh and as counter-irritants for the relief of rheumatic pains. Phytochemical investigations of Thapsia garganica led to the isolation of two major active principles, sesquiterpene lactones (guaianolides) thapsigargin and thapsi- gargicin, which were found to be responsible for the medicinal activity 1 . Even though, thapsigargin and thapsigargicin were absent in Thapsia villosa, it contains a large number of sesquiterpenes belonging to guaianolides, germacranes, cadinenes and caryophyllenes, and in addition a new group of sesquiterpenes named as Thapsanes, which are unique to Thapsia villosa. In 1984, Rasmussen and co- workers reported 2 isolation of the first member of this new group of sesquiterpenes, from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Thapsia villosa L, whose structure was established as the ester 1 from its spectral data and confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. Simultaneously (1985), Grande and co- workers 3,4 reported the isolation of the corresponding


As the second essential enzyme of the folate biosynthetic pathway, the potential antimicrobial target, HPPK (6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase), catalyzes the Mg2+-dependant transfer of pyrophosphate from the cofactor (ATP) to the substrate, 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin. Recently, we showed that 8-mercaptoguanine (8-MG) bound at the substrate site (KD ∼13 µM), inhibited the S. aureus enzyme (SaHPPK) (IC50 ∼ 41 µM), and determined the structure of the SaHPPK/8-MG complex. Here we present the synthesis of a series of guanine derivatives, together with their HPPK binding affinities, as determined by SPR and ITC analysis. The binding mode of the most potent was investigated using 2D NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The results indicate, firstly, that the SH group of 8-MG makes a significant contribution to the free energy of binding. Secondly, direct N 9 substitution, or tautomerization arising from N 7 substitution in some cases, leads to a dramatic reduction in affinity due to loss of a critical N 9-H···Val46 hydrogen bond, combined with the limited space available around the N 9 position. The water-filled pocket under the N 7 position is significantly more tolerant of substitution, with a hydroxyl ethyl 8-MG derivative attached to N 7 (compound 21a) exhibiting an affinity for the apo enzyme comparable to the parent compound (KD ∼ 12 µM). In contrast to 8-MG, however, 21a displays competitive binding with the ATP cofactor, as judged by NMR and SPR analysis. The 1.85 Å X-ray structure of the SaHPPK/21a complex confirms that extension from the N 7 position towards the Mg2+-binding site, which affords the only tractable route out from the pterin-binding pocket. Promising strategies for the creation of more potent binders might therefore include the introduction of groups capable of interacting with the Mg2+ centres or Mg2+ -binding residues, as well as the development of bitopic inhibitors featuring 8-MG linked to a moiety targeting the ATP cofactor binding site.


MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have diagnostic and prognostic potential for various diseases, most notably for cancer. Microarray-based hybridization has proven to be a powerful technique for miRNA profi ling. While many studies have focused on fresh-frozen (FF) tissues, other types of samples such as formalin-fi xed paraffi n-embedded (FFPE) samples are being explored for retrospective analysis. FFPE samples are of signifi cant value because they are frequently the only sources of tissue available from large patient cohorts with comprehensive clinical data and long-term follow-up—spanning decades in some cases. The primary challenge of profi ling miRNAs from FFPE samples is the extraction of total RNA that appropriately retains the small RNAs. Most methods for extracting RNA from FFPE samples have been optimized for recovery of signifi cantly longer RNAs. To enable researchers to utilize these valuable samples, we have tested various extraction methods and have identifi ed the methods that work best in combination with the miRNA microarray profi ling system using the miRNA Complete Labeling and Hyb Kit. The extraction methods were tested using a colon cancer matched quad set (FF and FFPE of matched Normal and Cancer samples) and three lung cancer matched quad sets that had been stored for 1 to 10 years. The extracted total RNA was quantifi ed, and 100 ng was labeled and hybridized using the Agilent miRNA Complete Labeling and Hyb Kit in conjunction with the Agilent Human miRNA microarray (V2). The data, which were analyzed with GeneSpring GX 10.0 software, demonstrated good assay reproducibility between technical replicates. Most of the miRNAs detected in the FF-derived samples were also detected in the FFPE-derived samples. Hierarchical clustering revealed that samples stored for a shorter period of time clustered according to disease state (i.e., tumor or normal), while samples stored for longer periods clustered according to storage condition (i.e., FF or FFPE). The qRT-PCR data for selected miRNAs demonstrated high concordance with the miRNA microarray data. MicroRNA Analysis of Archival FFPE Samples by Microarray Authors Petula D'Andrade Paula Costa Agilent Technologies, Inc. Santa Clara, CA USA Anke van den Berg Geert Harms Pathology and Medical Biology University of Groningen and University Medical Hospital Groningen Groningen, Netherlands Application Note


Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a commercial mandarin variety grown in northeast India and one of the 175 Indian food items included in the global first food atlas. The cultivated plantations of Khasi mandarin grown prominently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam, northeast India, have been genetically eroded. The lack in the efforts for conservation of genetic variability in this mandarin variety prompted diversity analysis of Khasi mandarin germplasm across the region. Thus, the study aimed to investigate genetic diversity and partitioning of the genetic variations within and among 92 populations of Khasi mandarin collected from 10 cultivated sites in Kamrup and Kamrup (M) districts of Assam, India, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification of genomic DNA with 17 ISSR primers yielded 216 scorable DNA amplicons of which 177 (81.94%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39 per primer. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.28 ± 0.03) was close to the diversity within the population (HS = 0.20 ± 0.01). A high mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.29) reflected a high level of gene flow (Nm = 1.22), indicating high genetic differentiation among the populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 78% of intra-population differentiation, 21% among the population and 1% among the districts. The obtained results indicate the existence of a high level of genetic diversity in the cultivated Khasi mandarin populations, indicating the need for preservation of each existing population to revive the dying out orchards in northeast India.


The COST Action FP0903 "Climate Change and Forest Mitigation and Adaptation in a Polluted En- vironment (MAFor)" involved 29 countries and created a platform for information exchange with experts from different fields, with the following main objectives: 1) to increase understanding of


Recent changes to the literacy curriculum have brought changes to the ways teachers think about assessment. It is essential that with these changes teachers continue to identify those children who need special help and to work closely with parents in tracking their literacy development


"Change the way you look at things, and the things you look at will change." Google this aphorism and you find it attributed variously to Max Planck and Albert Einstein, but in fact it was made up by the popular self-help guru Wayne Dyer. Dyer's 1976 best-seller Your Erroneous Zones is not cited in any of the footnotes appearing in this issue of Source, but I suspect all six of our authors would agree with Dyer's core hypothesis that when we change our perception of an object, the external universe suddenly shifts to accommodate us. The fabric of reality surrounding the refurbished object—the galaxy of matter and energy


With the advancement of internet of things voltage controlled oscillator (VCO's) are most pivotal basic building blocks, where they are predominantly used as a high frequency clock generating subsystems, notably in cutting edge wireless systems used for sub 5G band or millimetre range of frequency that either encompasses the implementation of the VCO with high oscillation frequency and low close-in phase noise, in PLL and in frequency synthesizer. This paper compares the performance parameters of CMOS Ring oscillators architecture and current starved Voltage-controlled oscillators on the basis of (Power consumption, Phase-Noise, tunning range and supply voltage). Here state of art design of different ring oscillator are utilized to get comparative analysis for utilization in ultra wide band


Barley is medicinal and edible crops. Analysis of flavonoids of barley could reveal its antioxidants of different type. This experiment was conducted to examine the classification and concentration of flavonoids compounds in three types barley grain.As a result, HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids are different on three types barley. The total average contents of Catechin of whole grain in the normal barley (21.85 μg/g) were significantly higher than that in the hulled purple barley (17.22 μg/g) and unhulled purple barley (9.05 μg/g). The flavonoids of quercetin was not detected in normal barley(0.00 μg/g), but only detected in hulled purple barley(60.98 μg/g) and unhulled purple barley(24.35 μg/g). The flavonoids of myricetin was not detected in normal barley and unhulled purple barley, but detected in hulled barley (14.04 μg/g). The total average contents of kaempferol of whole grain in the unhulled purple barley (36.00 μg/g) were significantly higher than that in the hulled purple barley (32.56 μg/g) and normal barley (26.65 μg/g). The total average contents of flavonoids of whole grain in the hulled purple barley (124.8 μg/g) were significantly higher than that in the unhulled purple barley (69.40 μg/g) and normal barley (48.50 μg/g). The bran-rich fractions of barley grain contain the flavonoids compounds while whole kernel flour of all three types did not contain any flavonoids compounds.


We describe an unusual patient with self‐limited epilepsy in childhood to aid in the accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of an atonic variant of self‐limited focal epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes.We reviewed the medical records documenting the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment. We also reviewed the relevant video electroencephalograms (EEGs).This 3‐year‐old girl with self‐limited focal epilepsy of childhood (formerly called benign rolandic epilepsy) began having recurrent falls. Multiple clinical seizures were recorded on video EEG. The video documented generalized loss of tone resulting in falls, while the ictal EEG revealed one‐second paroxysms of 4 Hz spike‐slow‐wave discharges in the left centrotemporal region, followed by a brief generalized electrodecrement for 400 milliseconds. These findings support the diagnosis of an atypical variant of benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), known as atonic‐BECTS. Valproic acid was maximized. On follow‐up, the patient was seizure‐free with a normal EEG and normal development.Few prior publications describe atonic‐BECTS. We present a child with atonic‐BECTS whose ictal video EEG confirms atonic seizures. While atonic seizures typically occur with generalized epilepsies, our report highlights that they can present as an atypical manifestation of self‐limited focal epilepsy in childhood.


The ground based VLF database from Indian Antarctic station Maitri (70°46¢ S, 11° 44¢ E, L ~ 4.6) has been searched for very low frequency (VLF) emissions during January-February of the years 1998 and 1999. The VLF recording system was successfully installed during the XVII Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica (ISEA) 1997-98. The spectrograms of analysed data have revealed the common occurrence of various emission events like chorus rising emissions, emission of rising type, falling emission of hook type and multiple emissions. Also the observed emissions (periodic and quasi-periodic) are found to be risers and fallers triggered from the top of hiss band.


-More Ethics in Education, A.V.M.A. Journal 103, August, 1943, Pg. 114. BROWN. P.-Ethics in the Practice of Veterinary Medicine-North American Veterinarian, 26, 1945, P. 530. JOHNSTON, E. F.-Ethics of Veterinary Practice-Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Science, September, 1941. Pg. 254-258. SANGER, V.-Ethics in the Practice of Veterinary Medicine-North American Veterinarian, 27, 1946, pg. 420.


Emergent literacy (EL) enhancement has been the goal of numerous educational programs for years, especially for children from low socioeconomic statuses (LSES) (Snow, 1994; Whitehurst, Zevebergen, Crone, Schultz, Velting, & Fischel, 1999). During the past decade, technology software, including electronic books (e-books), have become incorporated within this agenda. One of the common activities in children's education in the Western world in mainstream families is that adults read storybooks to children constantly from a very young age (DeBruin-Parecki, 1999). Studies of the last 4 decades have shown how powerful this activity is, especially for the child's oral language, with less clear results regarding emergent or early literacy (Stahl, 2003; van Kleeck, 2003; Whitehurst et al., 1999). The proposed study examined how e-books compare with traditional printed books in the support of LSES children's EL with and without adult assistance.


Empirical studies examining the interplay between informal and formal institutions on economic growth are scarce. As a result, we do not know how differences in trust affect the economic returns of the quality of regional governments and their autonomy. A panel regression analysis of 208 regions in 21 EU countries shows that informal and formal institutions matter for economic growth, individually and in combination. More specifically, trust substitutes the quality of regional government but does not affect the economic impact of its degree of decentralization. Therefore, policymakers need to think creatively about harnessing institutions to promote economic growth. it to have a positive and significant association with economic growth. In Model 5, we introduce all factors.


with chronic diseases appears to be significantly high (11) , so it is possible to find a relationship between FMS and IBD. The aim of the study is to assess the relationship between FMS and IBD. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a common rheumatologic syndrome with multiple systemic manifestations & associated with many diseases. OBJECTIVE : To assess fibromyalgia syndrome in inflammatory bowel disease. FMS occurs with increased frequency in IBD.


In another article on the subject, a distinguished American lawyer finds that, despite problems, 'freedom of the press is not seriously jeopardised'


In this article a snapshot of casualty presentations to the UK Role 3 hospital in Camp Bastion, Afghanistan, will be briefly described. The observations allow reflection on the advances and strength of clinical provision at the time of the incident, written from a medical command perspective.


Abstract Purpose In countries with a developed economy, including Poland, the state seeks to retain control of enterprises (companies) operating in so-called strategic sectors, such as fuel and energy, chemical industry, transport, and telecommunications infrastructure. Proper control of these entities not only determines the effective implementation of economic policy, but it is also important to ensure the economic sovereignty of the state and public security. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze control-enhancing mechanisms in SOEs listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), taking into account the division between majority and minority state ownership. Methodology Analysis of documentation. Findings Based on the analysis of statutes and shareholder structures of the investigated entities, it is established that for companies with minority state ownership, the state uses control-enhancing mechanisms to gain effective control of the company. Similar mechanisms are also applied in companies with majority state ownership, where these mechanisms contribute to achieving full control of the company. The most commonly used mechanism is a dominant shareholder status and limitation of voting rights for shareholders other than the state. Originality Apart from state-owned companies, this analysis also included companies indirectly controlled by the state.


Process for determining ex vivo effects of a substance on at least one organ, comprising: analyzing said at least one organ to determine whether the organ is suitable to be transplanted; and based on a determination that the organ is not suitable to be transplanted, further comprising: perfusing said at least one organ with a first medical fluid to preserve the at least one organ; exposing said at least one organ to at least one test substance; and gathering data regarding at least one of said at least one organ, the at least one test substance, and interaction between the at least one organ and the at least one test substance.


At present, more and more attention is being given to the economic mechanisms of functioning of science. Information society and the global market will inevitably set a goal of creating a new university model. Thus, the current study is the new structures of higher education, entering universities in the organization of new businesses based on inventions. The emergence of an economy based on knowledge system, leads to changes not only in the education system, but also affects the main areas of public life. Analyzing the contemporary scientific literature, it is possible to allocate such a thing as "academic capitalism", which receives by far more prevalent, as the lack of funds for the development of research and lack of funding contribute to their commercialization, the transition of universities to the business sector. Speaking of Russian science, it is worth noting that there is a problem of commercialization of research, which is due both to the lack of domestic consumers as well as large-scale domestic market of high technologies. The concept of academic capitalism and the levels of its impact, as well as modern methods of research funding, their role in the functioning of modern universities are discussed.


Background and Objectives: Nurses are the frontline health workers whose work compels them to come in contact with different blood-borne pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Therefore, their awareness regarding HIV is critical to successful implementation of the programmes. Objectives: To find out the knowledge and practice regarding HIV among nurses in medical colleges of Kolkata. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 250 nurses employed in five medical colleges of Kolkata over a period of 2 months (January-February 2015). Their knowledge in the areas of virology, modes of transmission, prevention, and nursing practices regarding HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients′ care was assessed using a pretested questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: While the basic information about the disease such as causative agent, modes of transmission, etc., were known to most of the participants, deficiencies in their knowledge and awareness in many critical areas of the disease such as voluntary counseling and infant feeding practices were noticed. The practice was also found to be unsatisfactory. Training in HIV was found to be an important factor influencing the knowledge of participants. Conclusion: The knowledge and practice regarding HIV was found to be less than satisfactory which necessitates the need to impart focused training on prevention counseling regarding HIV, keeping in mind the rising incidence of HIV infection in India.


An appropriate formula of rainfall data is the Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) relationship. The rainfall IDF relationship is one of the tools used considerably in water resources engineering, either in planning, designing and operating projects of water resources, or in flood control projects. The purpose of this paper is to update rainfall IDF curves of Baghdad city developed in previously. The frequency analysis of available rainfall data is perform by three statistical methods, namely, the Gumbel Distribution Theory, the Log Pearson Type III and Log Normal Distribution to attain rainfall intensities for various short durations (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24) in hours and return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100) in years. IDF equation was derived based on Bernard equation and the results of three distributions were compared using Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness of fit test with help of the Easy fit software 5.6. The results of three methods were close and accepted at 10% significant level. The maximum rainfall intensity of 118.052mm/hr was happened at the duration 0.25hr of the return period 100yr, whereas the minimum rainfall intensity of 1.257mm/hr was happened at the duration 24hr of the return period 2yr.


In this paper we develop a new method for implied volatility surface construction for FX options. The methodology is based on the local variance gamma model developed by Carr (2008). Our approach is to solve a simplified "one-step" version of the Dupire equation analytically under the assumption of a continuous five parameter diffusion function. The unique solution to this equation can be interpreted as a continuous representation of option prices, defined for strikes in an arbitrarily large range. The derived price functions are C^2 -positive, arbitrage-free by construction, and they do not depend on the strike discretization. By using a least-square approach, we calibrate price functions to Reuters quoted FX volatility smiles. Our results suggest that the model allows for very rapid calibration; using a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm we measure the average calibration time to less than 1 ms for one expiry on a standard personal computer.We also extend our model to allow for interpolation between maturities and present sufficient conditions for absence of calendar spread arbitrage. In order to generate the whole implied volatility surface, we suggest a simple, fast and yet market-consistent technique allowing for arbitrage-free interpolation of calibrated price functions in the maturity dimension.The methodology is tested against EURUSD and EURSEK options, where we show that the model has the capability to produce volatility surfaces which fit market quotes with an error of few volatility basis points. We then apply the methodology to pricing variance swaps.


This research aims to describe life skills developed by mentor fishermen for their community, the factors obstructing empowerment, and the productivity level after empowerment implementation. This research uses a qualitative method with ethnographic approach. Data of this research, which is sourced from fostered fishermen members and mentors of Wanita Tangguh group and Kelompok Usaha Bersama Tirto Makmur, is collected from interviews and observations. The data is analysed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing verification. Credibility tests, such as source triangulation, method and period of data collection, are used for data validation. The following comprises the results: (1) Boat and net making skills for 'catching' fishers, training for processing fish into food products for both 'catching' fishers and processors, training for operating the aided fish processing machine, environment-friendly fishing and disaster management coaching; (2) Factors obstructing the empowerment of the fishermen community includes their inability to comprehend training materials—materials from mentors are considered too general and already understood which resulted in disinterest—the absence of learning facilities and properties, and a mismatch between training materials and fishermen's needs; (3) Level of productivity in fish processing increases by 100% after the life skill training program. This productivity increase is affected by fishermen's participation, motivation, and willingness to undertake fish processing, of which they did not do. It shows that skills and education obtained from life skill training program help to empower the fishermen community.


TPS337 Background: ENZA is approved to treat men with CRPC. TALA is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that inhibits PARP1/PARP2 and traps PARP on DNA, preventing DNA damage repair (DDR), and causing cell death in BRCA1/2-mutated cells. TALA is approved in the US to treat germline BRCA1/2-mutated HER2- locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer. A combination of TALA with ENZA in mCRPC may improve clinical outcomes. Methods: Eligible patients (pts) in parts (P) 1 and 2 of this study are aged ≥18 years; have asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic mCRPC, ECOG PS ≤1, and no brain metastases; and have not received taxanes/novel hormonal therapy (NHT). P1 is an open label study to confirm the starting dose of TALA to be given in combination with ENZA. P2 is a randomized double-blind study that will evaluate the safety, efficacy and pt reported outcomes of TALA (0.5 mg QD) + ENZA (160 mg QD) vs placebo + ENZA in 2 cohorts (C). C1: pts with mCRPC (all comers) (N = 560); C2: pts with DDR gene mutations likely to sensitize to PARP inhibition (DDR deficient) (N = 300). Randomization will be stratified by prior treatment with NHT for castration sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) or prior treatment with taxane-based chemotherapy for CSPC (yes/no), and DDR mutation status (deficient vs. nondeficient/unknown). For P1, the primary endpoint is safety; the secondary endpoint is pharmacokinetics of TALA and ENZA. For P2, the primary endpoint is radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), defined as time to progression in soft tissue per RECIST v1.1 or in bone per PCWG3 criteria or death and evaluated separately in all comers (C1) and DDR-deficient (DDR-deficient pts from C1 and C2 combined, N = 380 pts) populations. The key secondary endpoint is overall survival. Efficacy will be assessed by radiography every 8 weeks up to week 25 and every 8-12 weeks thereafter. P2 analysis for rPFS is powered at 90% and 85% using a 2-sided log-rank test with alpha of 0.025, respectively, in the all comers and DDR deficient populations. This study was sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Clinical trial information: NCT03395197.


Types of classification of dissident's movement, widespread in historical, ethnographic, sociological literature, are emphasized in order to indicate directions towards the analysis of this phenomenon. The article is also devoted to development and expansion of Old Believers agreements and sects in West Siberia in the first half of the 19th century according to the government classification of 1835.


In this article,it is analyzed from the perspective of Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory,and it is found that university students' volunteer service guarantee faces problems which mainly lie in two sources. One is mental factor,such as the absence of volunteer's personal security,the embarrassing situation of material reward and the weakness of training and evaluation; the other one exists in the motivation factor,for instance,the lack of the sense of participation,staggering in promotion of ability and experience in volunteers. According to the dual-factor theory,voluntary service guarantee should be improved in terms of two perspectives,which specifically include developing volunteers' safety consciousness in overall sides,providing proper material reward,paying attention to volunteers' training and evaluation; on the other hand,enhancing self-identity and sense of participation, reinforcing links between voluntary service and abilities.


Recent literature brought up the existence of physiological and vascular brain networks, i.e. areas showing synchronous responses to cardiac and respiratory fluctuations or hypercapnia. In this work, we show how breath-hold-induced BOLD fMRI time series from a dense mapping dataset can be parcellated into physiologically-driven networks, showing evidence of vascular contributions to the default mode network, in individuals and at the group level.


This paper proposes a reconfigurable heterogeneous multicore architecture to integrate multiple DDoS defense mechanisms for DDoS protection. The architecture allows multiple cooperating DDoS mitigation techniques to classify incoming network packets. The proposed architecture consists of two separated partitions: static and dynamic. The static partition includes packet pre-processing and post-processing modules while the DDoS filtering techniques are implemented on the dynamic partition. These filtering techniques can be implemented by either hardware custom computing cores or general purpose soft processors or both. In all cases, these DDoS filtering computing cores can be updated or changed at runtime or design time. We implement our first prototype system with Hop-count filtering and Ingress/Engress filtering techniques using Xilinx Virtex 5xc5vtx240t FPGA device. The synthesis results show that the system can work at up to 116.782MHz while utilizing about 41% LUTs, 47% Registers, and 53% Block Memory of the available hardware resources. The system achieves the detection rate of 100% with the false negative rate at 0% and false positive rate closed to 0.74%. The prototype system achieves packet decoding throughput at 9.869 Gbps in half-duplex mode and 19.738 Gbps in full-duplex mode.


Slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) is generally a new extraordinary kind of high performance (steel) fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC). SIFCON is commonly made by pre placing short discrete fiber in the molds to its full limit or to the ideal volume portion. The method of invading steel fiber was first proposed by Haynes. Lankard altered the technique utilized by Haynes and demonstrated that if the level of steel filaments in cement matrix increases, quality properties will get builds up which he initiated as SIFCON. The matrix in SIFCON has no coarse aggregate, however has a high cementitious substance. In some cases, it might contain fine (or) coarse sand and added substances, for example, fly debris, micro silica and latex emulsions. A controlled amount of high extend water diminishing admixtures (super plasticizer) are utilized for improving its flowing qualities. Steel fiber types in particular straight, hooked and crimped are utilized. The matrix act as an force transferring agent between fibers by shear, additionally the matrix acts as bearing element to keep strands interlock. Due to its excellent durability, energy absorption capacity, impact resistance and hardness, the SIFCON matrix is found to be advantages than conventional concrete. In this paper, examination about the utilization of SIFCON at different region of structural components, impact of aspect ratio, impact of different types of fibers are highlighted.


At a very young age of about seven I would play a game in the crawl space under my parents' house in Jamaica. I would squeeze myself in that dark, dry space, and with a small twig I would try to summon the little sand crawlers where I saw evidence of them on the surface of the sand. I would repeat the phrase "nanny, nanny, nanny, come out and play, nanny, nanny, nanny, come out and get some rice and peas." Even as I said these words and made small circular motions in the sand I was anxious and exhilarated that these little creatures would actually appear. Although it may not have translated to an art piece, the ritual of doing this action mixed with the feeling of isolation, anticipation, and anxiety best communicates my search when I work in my studio.


Is political protest turning into a ritual performance? And if so, is it a product of media saturation, post-modernist individualism or an ideological vacuum?


Peptones are produced from products with high protein content. Recently, peptone
produced from fishery by-products were sought as a source of bacteria substrate. In this
study, the enzymatic hydrolysis of peptone production of Yellowstrip scad fish at the end
post-rigour phase was optimized. Peptones produced were physicochemically
characterised and tested for microbial growth application. Proximate composition, peptone
characterisation and amino acid analysis were conducted following AOAC methods. The
pH value of the peptones was measured using a pH-meter and the microbial growth was
monitored via measuring the optical density (OD) of the cultures. The outcome of the
research showed that the best enzymatic hydrolysis was 0.20% (w/v) papain carried out
for 6 hours. The results showed that the Yellowstripe scad fish peptones (YSFP) had a
high protein level (77.46%) and contained essential amino acids such as histidine (4.12%),
isoleucine (0.96%), leucine (2.42%), lysine (2.25%), methionine (3.07%), phenylalanine
(1.68%), threonine (1.06%), valine (2.61%), and arginine (2.85%). The end post-rigour
phase YSFP has a solubility of 97.08%; total nitrogen of 12.39%; α-amino nitrogen of
1.03 g/100 g; α-amino nitrogen per total nitrogen of 8.31 and salinity of 4.19%. Bacillus
spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was observed to have better growth
performances on the YSFP than bacto peptone.


The N1 potential of the cochlear nerve has long been used to evaluate cochlear function. It has not been clear what population of nerve fibers contributes to this potential. Several lines of evidence suggest that N1 potentials evoked by tone pulses activate a very limited population of nerve fibers and thus are frequency specific. (1) The latencies correspond to cochlear travel time and neural delays. (2) Fatiguing tones produce frequency specific depressions of N1. (3) Tones mask these N1 potentials in a frequency specific manner. The effects of rise‐time and tone‐pulse duration on these observations will also be discussed.


For the past number of years, a Canadian university has been offering its business degree program in universities located in Tianjin and Shanghai, China. This paper examines the alignment of the two grading systems and its implications on the grade distribution of graduates from the programs. An attempt is made to find an exchange rate of the two grading systems which reflects the fundamental value of the students' academic achievement.


The invention provides an indoor strong current distributor of a building. The indoor strong current distributor of the building comprises a PCB board which is provided with an electricity transmission copper bar, a wire inlet end port and multiple wiring end ports. The electricity transmission copper bar comprises a live wire copper bar and a null line copper bar, wherein the live wire copper bar and the null line copper bar are separated through insulation materials or a PCB board substrate. The wire inlet end port is used for connecting an external input power, the wiring end ports are used for connecting electric equipment, and the wire inlet end port and the wiring end ports are all electrically connected with the live wire copper bar and the null line copper bar. The indoor strong current distributor of the building can realize subarea power supply of indoor lighting fittings, sockets and plug networks of the building, simplifies indoor wiring, improves the maintainability of power transmission lines, and solves the problem of wiring clutter caused by directly wiring through a distribution box.


Convolutional neural networks have been created as deep learning-based approaches to automatically analyze photographs of concrete surfaces for crack diagnosis applications. Although deep learning-based systems assert to have extremely high accuracy, they frequently overlook how difficult it is to acquire images. Complex lighting situations, shadows, the irrationality of crack forms and widths, imperfections, and concrete spall frequently have an influence on real-world photos. The focus of the published research and accessible shadow databases is on photographs shot in controlled laboratory settings. In this research, we investigate the challenging underwater optical effects settings and the complexity of image classification for concrete crack detection. This research elaborates on difficulties encountered when using deep learning-based techniques to identify concrete cracks when optical effects are present. To improve the precision of automatically detecting concrete cracks on underwater surfaces, new optical effect augmentation techniques have been developed.


Objective To explore the influence of Shegan Mahuang decoction on serum immune index and inflammatory factor of children with cough variant asthma(CVA).Methods Sixty-eight CVA children were divided into two groups.The treatment group(n=34) received Shegan Mahuang decoction,and the control group(n=34) received montelukast sodium.The levels of EOS,IgE,TNF,IL-4,IL-10,IL-13,symptom scoring,PEF scoring and overall effect were compared.Results The improvement of EOS,IgE,TNF-α,IL-4,IL-10,IL-13 and symptom scoring in the treatment group were obviously higher than those in the control group.While the PEF scoring showed no significant difference.There were no obvious adverse reactions in the treatment group,while 20.58% of children had adverse reactions in the control group.Conclusion Compared with montelukast sodium,Shegan Mahuang decoction has obvious advantages in the treatment of CVA,and it can intervene the serum immunity indexes and the release of inflammatory factor and result in more safety.


Frog virus 3 (FV3, genera Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae), a double-stranded DNA virus, results in irreparable damage to biodiversity and significant economic losses to aquaculture. Although the existing FV3 detection methods are of high sensitivity and specificity, the complex procedure and requirement of expensive instruments limit their practical implantation. Herein, we develop a fast, easy-to-implement, highly sensitive, and point-of-care (POC) detection system for FV3. Combining recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and CRISPR/Cas12a, we achieve a limit of detection (LoD) of 100 aM (60.2 copies/μL) by optimizing RPA primers and CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs). For POC detection, we build a smartphone microscopy (SPM) and achieve an LoD of 10 aM within 40 minutes. Four positive animal-derived samples with a quantitation cycle (Cq) value of quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the range of 13 to 32 are detectable by the proposed system. In addition, we deploy deep learning models for binary classification (positive or negative samples) and multiclass classification (different concentrations of FV3 and negative samples), achieving 100% and 98.75% accuracy, respectively. Without temperature regulation and expensive equipment, RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a combined with a smartphone readout and artificial intelligence (AI) assisted classification shows great potential for FV3 detection. This integrated system holds great promise for POC detection of aquatic DNA pathogens. Highlights An integrated DNA detection system is developed by combining RPA, CRISPR/Cas12a, smartphone microscopy, and deep learning. The LoD of frog virus 3 is 10 aM within 40 min. The detection system shows good performance on animal-derived samples.


According to the requirement of military navigation system virtual prototype development,an idea of military navigation system virtual prototype environment was put forward.The architecture,implementation approach and realization of military navigation system virtual prototype based on this environment of this environment were discussed in detail.The implementation of military navigation system virtual prototype environment could provide digital environment for research, developing and usage military navigation system.It is of great application foreground.


One of the objectives of the High School Evaluation System (SAEM) established by the Santa Catarina Association of Educational Foundations (ACAFE) is to present an alternative proposal to select college students. This article, which synthesizes and analyzes part of a study that resulted in a Masters dissertation, seeks to make this experiment undertaken in Santa Catarina State a contribution to current discussions about access to higher education in Brazil. The paper analyzes the debate in the context of Social Psychology and Professional Guidance. To do so, it places SAEM in context, briefly considering its genesis and its congeners and then considers it as: a source of information; a pre-college entrance exam; a ritual of passage and or a ritualized barrier; a means of professional choice; a strategy of social and school selectivity and a means to democratize education. To conclude, we raise some questions and make some proposals in the context of the theme interventions in education, where college entrance exams in series can be seen as a strategy that disposes public education to better prepare students in order to assist their insertion at all levels of social life.


The magnitude of current flow in insulator is drastically affected by the presence of distributed trapping states energetically located in the forbidden gap of the insulator. The injected current carriers are captured by the distributed trapping states for a trapping time which reduces the magnitude of the current flow significantly At low lower .The trapping of the free carriers by empty trapping  states in insulator provides few additional transition regimes caused by the physical parameters characterizing the distributed trapping states. These transition regimes are not present in insulator in the insulator  in the absence of trapping state  .The high field mobility relationship is considered for the single injection current flow in insulator. In single crystals, the high field effects are observed at sufficiently high field strengths which give field dependent carrier mobility. The distribution of trapping states inside the insulator is observed in different forms of the trapping states in energy. The high field effects in single injection devices are obtained under high field conditions. Which give the fluctuations in the carrier velocity of electrons present in the conduction band of the insulator.


Tlle number of persons engaged in these industries (including coke-burners) in England and Wales is, according to tllo 1hst report, 135,000. In Middlesbrouglh are employed rouglhly 8,000, or about one-sixteentlh of the wlhole. An industrial disease hias been defined as " one which is caused by and arises in the course of an industry." The imiportance ot the subject is at once evident when we consider that at least one-third of each day is spent by every man under conditions required by his occupation, and the total influence upon his life and health is not fully stated by that proportion, for


The present research work has been carried out in the district municipality of Curgos province of Sanchez Carrion, Department of Libertad, in Peru. Having as main objective "to establish how stress influences the labor performance of the workers of the district municipality of Curgos, province of Sanchez Carrion". The research problem was: How does stress influence the work performance of the employees of the District municipality of Curgos, province of Sanchez Carrion 2016? In the research, the non-experimental design was applied. The population was conformed by 40 servants of the District Municipality of Curgos; the sample being the 40 servers for being small, and to whom the survey could be applied; According to the results obtained, it has been possible to qualify the variables under study, then the analysis and discussion has been carried out, even demonstrating the validity of the hypothesis that: "Stress has a negative influence on the job performance of workers of the District Municipality of Curgos, province of Sanchez Carrion, 2016 ". Finally, the conclusions and recommendations have been formulated. The main conclusion establishes according to Pearson's correlation coefficient, the influence relation is r = -0.856 which means that there is a negative influence relationship, besides both "stress" and "work performance" have obtained ratings that in most of them are located on a "medium" level; This indicates that greater stress less performance, and less stress, higher performance. So it is recommended that to improve stress, the most important thing is to identify the most influential stressors that afflict the worker, which prevents him from performing his functions well, in order to know the cause of his performance being affected, for this It is necessary to apply a test based on questions related to your work or through an interview, which allows you to identify and link the stressors with the low performance of the workers.


Pathology is the bridge and link to contact basic medicine and clinical medicine. The visual impairment brings blind students great difficulties to learn the basic medical course Pathology, showing that their understanding tends to be less accurate and comprehensive. According to the teaching task, contents, objects and methods, to take adequate teaching methods suitable for the learning characteristics of visually impaired students can improve the quality of teaching for Pathology, and meet their learning requirements.


The lectotype for Ardisia kerrii is designated here. Ardisia cordulata var. appresso-hirsuta is placed as a new synonym of A. demissa. Additionally, the correct locations of four species that were misinterpreted are also given. Now A. betongensis is excluded from the list of Thai Ardisia.


A certain class of Abelian groups is considered in which studying mixed Abelian groups with semiprime endomorphism ring is reduced to studying torsion-free Abelian groups with semiprime endomorphism ring. Bibliography: 8 titles.


Backgound and Purpose—The clinical features and prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) in elderly patients have not been previously described. Methods—In a multicenter prospective observational study, we compared clinical and imaging features, risk factors, and outcome of adult patients aged 65 (young and middle-aged patients) and 65 years (elderly patients). Results—A total of 624 adult patients with CVT were registered and followed-up for a median of 16 months. Fifty-one (8.2%) were aged 65 years. Presentation as an isolated intracranial hypertension syndrome was less frequent in elderly patients (4/51 versus 139/573, P 0.008), whereas depressed consciousness (17 versus 97, P 0.005), and mental status changes (22 versus 115, P 0.001) were more frequent in the elderly. The prognosis of elderly patients was considerably worse than that of younger patients, as only 49% of elderly patients made a complete recovery (versus 82% in younger patients), whereas 27% died and 22% were dependent at the end of follow-up (versus 7 and 2% respectively in younger patients). Carcinoma (5 cases) was more frequent as a risk factor for CVT in elderly patients (P 0.017). During follow-up, elderly patients were more likely to experience thrombotic events (HR 4.8, 95% CI 1.9 to 11.9) and were less likely to experience severe headaches (HR 0.2, 95% CI 0.02, 0.97). Conclusions—Elderly patients with CVT have a distinctive clinical presentation: isolated intracranial hypertension is uncommon, whereas mental status and alertness disturbances are common. The prognosis of CVT is worse in elderly patients. (Stroke. 2005;36:1927-1932.)


This paper deals with the relations and interactions of the substrate, the interface, and the functional hard overlay or diffusion coating deposited by chemical or physical vapor deposition, CVD or PVD, respectively, and how these structures influence the overall mechanical and physicochemical properties of the composite. Emphasis is given to the friction and wear behavior of the refractory carbides, nitrides, borides, and oxides, with and without lubrication, to the characterization of the mechanical strength of the interface as measured by the scratch test and thus, of the adhesion and cohesion properties, and to the corrosion behavior, mainly of TiC.


A stopping rule is developed for finite-difference stochastic approximation (FDSA) which is to minimize an unknown objective function based on random noise corrupted obser-vation of the function. When it is assumed that the function is convex quadratic, the necessary number of iterations for achieving a given probabilistic accuracy of the resultant solution is derived, which gives a rigorous stopping rule for FDSA. This number is polynomial in the problem size.


Abstract : A gas chromatographic technique for determining the saturate, olefin, and aromatic composition of motor gasoline has been evaluated. This procuedure extends the capability of a test technique used to isolate the aromatic and saturate-olefin fractions of gasolines through the addition of a dual-column valve, olefin absorber column, humidified carrier gas, and an annular splitter in a 60C temperature controlled oven. In this procedure, two sample injections are required to determine the peak areas attributed to the saturate fraction and to the olefin fraction. The aromatic concentration was determined by comparing the aromatic peak with that of a standard. The remaining concentration of the sample was assigned to the saturates and olefins based on the area attributed to each. This technique and parameters affecting the olefin absorber reactivity were explored and evaluated based on results from the analyses of a standard and two gasoline samples. (Author)


The invention provides a magnesium oxychloride fiber light wallboard, and relates to the wallboard field in the construction materials. The wallboard is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of magnesium chloride water solution, 20 to 30 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.1 part of fly ash, 0.2 part of slag, 0.5 part of construction waste, 0.1 part of waste ceramic, 2 parts of short glass fiber, 2 parts of straw, 2 parts of saw dust, 3 parts of perlite, and 0 to 2 parts of modifier. The formula of the wallboard comprises industrial and agricultural wastes such as fly ash, slag, mineral slag, construction wastes, broken ceramics, straws, and saw dust, thus the wastes are fully recycled and reutilized, and moreover the using amount of sands and stones is reduced, so the destroy on mountain and river bed is avoided, resources are saved, and environment is protected. The prepared magnesium oxychloride fiber light wallboard has the advantages of good water resisting property, high compressive strength, good freeze resisting performance, good acid/alkali resistant property, no halogen appearance, no scumming, and no deformation.


Encrypted traffic classification (ETC) is necessary for network security, which is the process of identifying encrypted network traffic into a specific class, thus there are numerous applications in the security of network. The rapid development of network web services (applications) makes it attractive to tackle classification of encrypted traffic in a continual learning environment. However, the traffic ambiguity and privacy leakage, restrict existing incremental approaches from achieving satisfactory results in the traffic. We introduce a prompt-based continual encrypted traffic classification method (PTC) in this research to progressively learn tasks under multiple process transitions. Prompts are tiny, learnable parameters that are stored in ram according to our suggested structure. The objective is to find the best way to use prompts to help models make predictions, keep both task-peculiar and task-constant knowledge in model, and prevent catastrophic forgetting. We carry out extensive tests using both real-world and open datasets. PTC method can strengthen the existing offline traffic classification works, make them adapt to online scenarios, and outperforms the SOTA online traffic classification method in three datasets. (by 4.54 %, 7.28 % and 11.68 % on three datasets, respectively)


Methomyl, a cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticide, is commonly used in a jasmine's agricultural area, Sila Sub-district, Khon Kaen Province, northeast of Thailand. This cross sectional study aimed to determine the potential health risk to methomyl exposure among farmers working in a jasmine's agriculture. Personal air samplings were conducted by using Universal Pump Model 224-PCXR8, SKC with filter/solid sorbent tube (OVS-2 tube: 13-mm quartz fiber filter, XAD-2, 270 mg/140 mg). All samples were analyzed by using HPLC with UV detector. Exposure concentrations and hazard quotients (HQ) were estimated for inhalation exposure risk. This study found that the maximum concentration of methomyl in the breathing zone of workers (N=24) was 1.119 mg/m (range 0-1.119 mg/m). Comparison to the standard regulatory on the ambient concentration of methomyl, i.e. TLV-TWA of 2.5 mg/m (ACGIH) or PEL-TWA of 2.5 mg/m (NIOSH), the results of this study did not exceed the regulation. The average inhalation exposure to methomyl was 0.018±0.037 mg/kg-d. The result of average HQ indicated no health risk (HQ=0.723±1.461). When each farmer was considered, there were 6 farmers (25%) with high risk (HQ >1). Therefore, there should be health surveillance program and occupational health services for jasmine's agriculture farmers to work and live safely.


650 Background: HER2/neu over-expression (HER2+) occurs in approximately 25% of breast cancers and is often associated with a more aggressive disease. In this study we examined the effects of hormone receptor (HR) expression on clinical characteristics and natural history in HER2+ breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective review of 116 patients (pts) with HER2+, metastatic, breast cancer was performed. HER2+ was defined as positive if immunohistochemical staining was +3 or if FISH was positive. HR was defined as positive if either estrogen or progesterone receptors staining were positive, regardless of intensity. Results: Median age was 47 (range 26–69). The vast majority (90%) had invasive ductal carcinoma and 74% had grade III disease. Positive HR staining was found in 48 (41%) of the pts and negative HR staining in 68 (59%). No significant differences between the study groups were found in age, tumor histology, grade and number of involved metastatic sites at time of first recurrence. At first recurrence...


The effects of optokinetic stimulation (OKS) on postural control were investigated by recording the sway of the center of gravity with OKS at a constant velocity of 30°/sec in 8 patients with cerebello-pontine angle tumor with on unsteadiness or vertigo and in 32 normal subjects. In the patients, small tumors had been demonstrated by MRI.1. In the normal subjects, there was no laterality in OKS tests, and body sway was almost the same with the eyes closed.2. In the patients tested with OKS, sway velocity was significantly faster than in the controls (P<0.01).3. In the patients, sway ares, RMS and SDY were greater on the side of the tumor.The relationship between OKS and body sway is discussed.


Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. Genus Magnifera L. 2. Phytochemistry and Chemotaxonomy of the Anacaraiaceae with Special Emphasis on the Magifera. 3. Conservation. 4. A Historical Overview of the Development of Knowledge of Mangifera. 5. Subdivision of the Genus. 6. The Species. 7. Species of uncertain position.


Case-control studies have used a variety of measurements to evaluate the relationship of children's exposure to magnetic fields (50 or 60 Hz) with childhood leukaemia and other childhood cancers. In the absence of knowledge about which exposure metrics may be biologically meaningful, studies during the past 10 years have often used time-weighted average (TWA) summaries of home measurements. Recently, other exposure metrics have been suggested, usually based on theoretical considerations or limited laboratory data. In this paper, the rationale and associated preliminary studies undertaken are described as well as feasibility and validity issues governing the choice of the primary magnetic field exposure assessment methods and summary metric used to estimate children's exposure in the National Cancer Institute/Children's Cancer Group (NCI/CCG) case-control study. Also provided are definitions and discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the various exposure metrics used in exploratory analyses of the NCI/CCG measurement data. Exposure metrics evaluated include measures of central tendency (mean, median, 30th to 70th percentiles), peak exposures (90th and higher percentiles, peak values of the 24 h h measurements), and measurements of short-term temporal variability (rate of change). This report describes correlations of the various metrics with the time-weighted average for the 24 h period (TWA-24-h). Most of the metrics were found to be positively and highly correlated with TWA-24-h, but lower correlations of TWA-24-h with peak exposure and with rate of change were observed. To examine further the relation between TWA and alternative metrics, similar exploratory analysis should be considered for existing data sets and for forthcoming measurement investigations of residential magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia.


Organoids offer a promising strategy for articular tissue regeneration, joint disease modeling, and development of precision medicine. In this study, two types of human stem cells—primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)—were employed to engineer organoids that mimicked bone, cartilage and adipose tissue, three key tissue components in articular joints. Prior to organoidogenesis, the iPSCs were first induced into mesenchymal progenitor cells (iMPCs). After characterizing the MSCs and iMPCs, they were used to generate cell-embedded extracellular matrix (ECM) constructs, which then underwent self-aggregation and lineage-specific differentiation in different induction media. Hydroxyapatite nanorods, an osteoinductive bioceramic, were leveraged to generate bone and osteochondral organoids, which effectively enhanced mineralization. The phenotypes of the generated organoids were confirmed on the basis of gene expression profiling and histology. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and potential of generating articular tissue-recapitulating organoids from MSCs and iPSCs.


According to historical load data of the power grid in a certain area, by which analyze this area's power load characteristic and consider the load forecasting influence factors such as the date type, temperature, weather conditions in the first. In view of the load has a certain objective laws, but which has a lot of randomness and uncertainty, applying one kind new based on the RBF (Radial Basis Function) Neural Fuzzy Inference to carry on short-term load forecasting. By programming with MATLAB to carry on short-term power system load forecasting, carry on the short-term load forecast experiment to the practical grid and draw the forecasting result curves. The result indicated that the RBF Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference of the forecast accuracy is satisfied with the verification of this method is effective and practical.


A wireless mesh employing directional antenna, termed DMesh in this paper, can greatly extend coverage and improve spatial reuse of wireless channels. As beaming direction of the antennas changes network topology which in turns affects routing and channel decisions, we address in this work how to jointly optimize topology (in terms of beaming directions of antennas), routing and channel assignment so as to maximize network throughput. Specifically, we use a model based on SINR which captures much more realistically network interference than the traditional conflict graph approach. Using the model, we then formulate the NP-hard optimization problem for a general DMesh with multiple gateways, possibly heterogeneous number of antennas in routers, and routers generating traffic to any of the gateways or routers. As the problem is NP-hard, we propose a simple and implementable joint optimization heuristic called TORCA (topology control, routing and channel assignment). TORCA is based on iterative LP rounding guaranteed to converge. Extensive simulation based on NS3 shows that TORCA is closely optimal and highly efficient, performing significantly better than recent approaches by wide margins in terms of loss rate, delay, fairness and throughput.


A well-known lower bound (over finite fields and some special finite commutative rings) on the Hamming distance of a matrix-product code (MPC) is shown to remain valid over any commutative ring $R$. A sufficient condition is given, as well, for such a bound to be sharp. It is also shown that an MPC is free when its input codes are all free, in which case a generating matrix is given. If $R$ is finite, a sufficient condition is provided for the dual of an MPC to be an MPC, a generating matrix for such a dual is given, and characterizations of LCD, self-dual, and self-orthogonal MPCs are presented. Finally, results of this paper are used along with previous results of the authors to construct novel MPCs arising from $(\sigma, \delta)$-codes. Some properties of such constructions are also studied.


We propose two new computational problems associated with the charging of mobile devices using wireless power transfer via magnetic induction. Algorithms for these problems may enable ubiquitous charging, meaning the user is no longer required to be aware of the devices charging processes. We prove both problems as being NP-Hard and propose three dynamic programming algorithms to solve them in linear time regarding the size of the time horizon. We also propose three greedy algorithms for the problems. Experiments indicate that the best dynamic-programming algorithm among those proposed reaches between 89% and 97% of effectiveness, while the best greedy reaches between 74% and 92%, depending on the considered scenario.


Based on the specific engineering example,the paper discusses the cause of the irregular bulge of the surface of the building floor and its treatment.


Case: A 47-year-old male without any comorbidities was admitted with an intermittent fever of up to 102 (cid:1) F associated with chills and rigors and generalized weakness of 7 days duration. On examination, systolic blood pressure was 112mmHg, diastolic blood pressure was 68 mm Hg, pulse rate was 102 per minute, and respiratory rate was 18 per minute. Laboratory investigations showed hemoglobin of 9.9 g/dL, total leukocyte count of 12,600/mm 3 , and platelet count of 12,000/mm 3 , raised total bilirubin of 1.06mg/dL, alanine aminotransferase of 50U/L (2 – 41U/L), aspartate aminotransferase of 90U/L (2 – 40U/L), and raised international normalized ratio of 1.48. The possibility of tropical infection like scrub typhus, leptospirosis, and malaria were considered because the patient had presented in the post-monsoon season. Physical examination revealed two eschars: one on the left gluteal region (Figure 1A) and the other near the right popliteal region (Figure 1B). Serum IgM ELISA (InBios International, Inc.) was performed. The cutoff optical density (OD) of this kit according to the manufacturer ' s instructions is 0.468, and the OD of this patient ' s sample was . 4.0 (positive). Nested polymerase chain reaction for the partial 56kDa gene was determined for both eschars and was positive for Orientia tsutsugamushi (Figure 1C). 1 The positive amplicons were sent for the Sanger sequencing. The sequences were submitted to NCBI with following accession numbers


Chattel pledge supervision, as a fast-growing emerging supply chain finance business model, has been got a lot of attention by the banks and other finance institutions, logistics enterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and it has become a good way to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs, to reduce the rate of non-performing loans of banks and other finance institutions and to expand the business of logistics companies; it has a broad prospect. This paper summarizes the existing literatures researched on the chattel pledge supervision, and it will provide reference for further study.


Article history: Keywords: Dynamic knowledge SECI mode 'ba' Knowledge asset Lean thinking a b s t r a c t Continuous innovation is a key ingredient in maintaining a competitive advantage in the current dynamic and demanding marketplace. It requires an organization to regularly update and create knowledge for the current generation, and reuse it later for the next generation of a product. In this regard, an integrated dynamic knowledge model is targeted to structurally define a practical knowledge creation process in the product development domain. This model primarily consists of three distinct elements; SECI


The heat pulse technique and wood anatomy methods were applied to the study of the relationship between stem sap - flow velocity and wood anatomical structure of Robinia Pseudoacacia L. and Salix babylonica L. . The results showed the maximum sapflow velocity of ring - porous trees Robinia Pseudoacacia L. at the outermost ring under the nature condition. Namely the outermost ring takes on the main transport function. In the diffuse - porous tree Salix babylonica L. ,there were higher sap - flow velocity at several rings under the cambium. There was close relationship between sapflow velocity and vessel characteristics. The flow velocity of both trees showed the same diurnal changes.


Abstract THE various reports in the literature are in fairly good agreement on the amount of riboflavin needed by the turkey poult for maximum growth. On the other hand, there is wide disagreement concerning some of the deficiency symptoms in poults resulting from a lack of this vitamin. The results obtained by Heuser (1935) using a riboflavin deficient diet composed largely of practical ingredients, showed that a lack of riboflavin resulted principally in reduced growth. No evidence of dermatitis was mentioned. Lepkovsky and Jukes (1936) reported that turkey poults fed either a diet composed of natural ingredients low in riboflavin or a purified riboflavin-deficient diet failed to grow, suffered high mortality, and developed dermatitis. They found that a supplement of a purified riboflavin concentrate prevented the above symptoms. Jukes (1938) confirmed the findings of Lepkovsky and Jukes (1936), and found that a whey adsorbate rich in riboflavin gave good growth and . . .


Describes stability and smoothness conditions for switching fuzzy systems. We first present a switching fuzzy system that has locally Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models and switches them according to states, external variables and/or time. A switching fuzzy controller is constructed by mirroring the structure of the switching fuzzy system. LMI stability conditions are derived to design the switching fuzzy controller in Tanaka et al. (2000). Switching of several controllers causes non-continuity of control input at switching points. The phenomenon influences important control performance, e.g., ride quality in vehicle control. We derive a smoothness condition to avoid the phenomenon. The smoothness condition is also represented via LMIs. A stable switching fuzzy controller satisfying the smoothness condition is designed by simultaneously solving both of LMIs. The design technique is applied to trajectory control of an R/C hovercraft. The simulation and experimental results far the trajectory control show the validity of the switching fuzzy control.


VOL. 8 NO. 7 JULY 2006 530 A continuing debate in the field of hypertension is the relative importance of the different components of the arterial pressure wave in determining cardiovascular risk. There are four candidates: systolic, diastolic, pulse, and mean pressure. An additional issue is whether the traditional brachial artery pressure should be used or the central aortic pressure. For many years, the diastolic pressure reigned supreme, and most of the early hypertension treatment trials used a high diastolic pressure as an entry criterion. This was reinforced by the publication of an analysis by MacMahon and colleagues,1 based on pooled data from 420,000 subjects, which showed a log-linear relationship between diastolic pressure and the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction. Although the importance of systolic pressure was never in doubt, it gained precedence over diastolic pressure with the publication of a series of epidemiologic studies showing not only that a high systolic pressure was the best predictor of risk in the elderly, but that a low diastolic pressure was associated with increased risk.2 An analysis by Franklin and associates3 examined the Framingham Heart Study data that provided an elegant solution to this apparent paradox. In subjects younger than age 50, the best predictor of risk was a high diastolic pressure, but in those older than 60, systolic pressure was the best predictor, and the relationship between diastolic pressure and risk was now negative, so that a low diastolic pressure was related to higher risk. It is well known that systolic pressure increases steadily with age, but after the age of 50, diastolic pressure starts to fall. These findings have led to the idea that pulse pressure may be the best predictor of risk in the elderly. In the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7),4 however, which is still the official guideline for the evaluation and management of hypertension, there is no mention of pulse pressure as a predictor. Two of the figures in the JNC 7 publication show the relationships of both systolic and diastolic pressure with ischemic heart disease events and strokes based on a meta-analysis of more than one million adults in 61 studies.5 For both measures of pressure, there are log-linear relationships, which, even in the oldest age group (80–89 years), show positive slopes that become shallower with increasing age. So how can this finding be compatible with the apparently contradictory Framingham analysis showing that in older people, a low diastolic pressure can be harmful? First, the linear relationship between diastolic pressure and risk shown in the JNC 7 figures only applies to a diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg and higher (there is a suggestion that diastolic pressures below this level are not associated with lower risk). Second, and more important, the explanation of the apparent paradox is that the relationship Which Components of the Arterial Pressure Wave Best Predict Risk?


The aim is to develop a new process for preparation of(Z)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-bromopropene.[Methods](Z)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-bromopropene was synthesized using 2-(2-chlorophenyl) acetic acid as starting material by reactions of acyl chlorination,acylation,wittig reaction and bromination.[Results] The total yield was 62.1%(based on 2-(2-chlorophenyl) acetic acid),the products and intermediates were confirmed by 1H NMR or MS.[Conclusions] The process is mild and simple,which is suitable for industrial production.


We apply semigroup property of enhanced Chebyshev polynomials to present an anonymous authentication protocol. This paper aims at improving security and reducing computational and storage overhead. The proposed scheme not only has much lower computational complexity and cost in the initialization phase but also allows the users to choose their passwords freely. Moreover, it can provide revocation of lost or stolen smart card, which can resist man-in-the-middle attack and off-line dictionary attack together with various known attacks.


The concept of "student affair administration" has been gradually introduced in Chinese college student management in the past twenty years.Theoretical discussions and great achievements have been made with regards to basic concepts,functional orientations,element constructions,as well as operation modes.This paper means to give a critical comment to relevant research results.


We have measured the intensity profile and transmission of x rays focused by a series of biconcave parabolic unit lenses fabricated in lithium. For specified focal length and photon energy lithium compound refractive lenses (CRL) have a larger transmission, aperture size, and gain compared to aluminum, kapton, and beryllium CRLs. The lithium compound refractive lens was composed of 335 biconcave, parabolic unit lenses each with an on-axis radius of curvature of 0.95 mm. Two-dimensional focusing was obtained at 8.0 keV with a focal length of 95 cm. The effective aperture of the CRL was measured to be 1030 μm with on-axis (peak) transmissions of 27% and an on-axis intensity gain of 18.9.


INTRODUCTION Solar radiation can have a powerful influence on human thermal sensation, particularly in vehicles and buildings. Thermal comfort studies traditionally have focussed on the steady state response after prolonged exposure to an environment (30 to 120 minutes). Solar radiation can expose people to large short duration increases in radiant temperature. The responses of people exposed to a sudden change in radiant temperature on thermal sensation is not clear. These responses are of particular value to researchers who are interesting in transient environmental conditions and their effects on people within them.


Archiv. fiir Dermat. u. H'yph., Bd. cix, Heft 3, S. 414'7 (McDonagh '' fjber einige Transformationsformen der Plasmazellen ") . I n sections the bodies stain red, they are most abundantly found in a giant-cell formation (in the centre of a regional lymphatic gland) if there is one, 01in the centre'of a group of plasma-cells. They are frequently found in the walls of vessels; and in the vessels themselves among the red blood-corpuscles; I have seen free sporozoites. The bodies are also seen free in the lymphatic spaces. For some help on the elucidation of the spirochaetal coil I am indebted to Mi.. E. H. Ross's paper, " The Development of a Leucocytozoon of Guinea-pigs," Proceedings of the Royal Bociety qf Medicine, B vol. Ixxxv, 1912). For assistance in obtaining material I wish to thank my house-surgeons a t the London Lock Hospitals, who have kept me supplied since January, 1912, which commenced my research. wa,s the time when I


Globally, universities have an interest in recruiting the most talented students; however, limited attention has been given to how these students experience their transition and adjustment to university life. This mixed-methods study analyzes the academic, social, emotional, and institutional dimensions of gifted students' adjustment to university in the context of post-Soviet Kazakhstan, a country characterized by a strong emphasis on the education of gifted students. The findings of the study confirm that the process of gifted students' adjustment to university is a complex phenomenon, and all the aspects of students' first-year experiences should be carefully taken into consideration when studying the transition to postsecondary education. The results of the study are useful for understanding the issues that gifted students face in the transition to higher education and have important implications for research on gifted students' postsecondary experiences internationally.


The possible roles of the undergraduate student as instruc- tor and colleague in the teaching of undergraduate biol- ogy are discussed. These roles include laboratory UTA, peer instructor, collaborative group facilitator, tutor, learning fa- cilitator, and associate in learning and teaching. The latter role involves the undergraduate student in course development and design


Throughout history, it has been verified that the law has been used as an object of favoring the dominant groups. In National Socialism, legislation assumes the will of the Fuhrer, and is filled with general clauses, discretionary acts and discriminatory measures. Franz Neumann for having lived the period, was dedicated to criticize several pillars of the structure of the Nazi regime, however in this work only the legal aspect will be approached. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the instrumentalization of the law in accordance with the dictates of National Socialism, under the criticism of the author.


Key word The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of volcanic rock mulch (VM) on reducing the water evaporation from the soil. The thickness of the VM is important in its efficiency and cost. Consequently, a completely randomized design experiment with soil columns was conducted outdoor for 32 days, with four treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of a control (no mulch), and three VM thicknesses (5, 10 and 15 cm). The grain size of VM was between 1-1.5 cm. After addition of 320 ml of water to each column, mulch treatments were applied, and the columns were weighted. They were weighted daily for the next 7 days and after that every three days. There was a significant reduction in cumulative evaporation from the soil compared to control. The 5, 10 and 15 cm thickness of VM reduced water evaporation by 25, 65 and 66 percent, respectively. There was no significant difference between 10 and 15 cm thicknesses of VM. It is concluded that 10 cm of VM can effectively reduce soil moisture loss. This has practical application in rainfed orchards in arid and semi-arid regions. Evaporation, Mulch, Tephra mulch, Water conservation :


Background: A diffuse lymphocyte infiltrate is 1 of the characteristic features of ulcerative colitis (UC). Such lymphocyte recruitment requires lymphocyte rolling mediated by L‐selectin ligand carbohydrates (6‐sulfo sialyl Lewis X‐capped O‐glycans) and/or mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM‐1) expressed on high endothelial venule (HEV)‐like vessels. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the role of MAdCAM‐1 posttranslationally modified ("decorated") with L‐selectin ligand carbohydrates in UC pathogenesis and consequent clinical outcomes. Methods: Biopsy specimens composed of active and remission phases of UC as well as normal colonic mucosa were immunostained for CD34, MAdCAM‐1, and MECA‐79, and the immunostained sections were quantitatively analyzed. Reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was carried out to evaluate transcripts of MAdCAM‐1 and N‐acetylglucosamine‐6‐O‐sulfotransferases (GlcNAc6STs). CHO and Lec2 cells transfected with CD34 and MAdCAM‐1 together with enzymes involved in L‐selectin ligand carbohydrate biosynthesis were analyzed by immunofluorescence, FACS, and Western blotting to characterize the biochemical properties of GlcNAc6STs. Results: The number of MAdCAM‐1+ vessels was increased in UC, with no significant difference between active and remission phases. An increased ratio of MECA‐79+ to MAdCAM‐1+ vessels with preferential GlcNAc6ST‐1 transcripts was observed in the active phase of UC compared to the remission phase. MAdCAM‐1 protein was colocalized with L‐selectin ligand carbohydrates at the luminal surface of HEV‐like vessels in situ. GlcNAc6ST‐1 preferentially utilizes MAdCAM‐1 as a scaffold protein for GlcNAc‐6‐O‐sulfation in L‐selectin ligand carbohydrate biosynthesis. Conclusions: UC disease activity is not regulated by expression of MAdCAM‐1 protein itself, but rather by GlcNAc6ST‐1‐mediated decoration of MAdCAM‐1 protein with L‐selectin ligand carbohydrates.