In a recent mini review of Clearances: A Memoir by Mairi MacInnes in The New Yorker, the reviewer applauds the book, while wishing that women's descriptions of their lives "were more like this [one]: so intelligent, nuanced and torn." The implication is that more women's lives are "torn" than the bulk of recent autobiographies and memoirs would have us believe. Mairi MacInnes, a distinguished English poet, "married the literary critic John McCormick, who constantly went off without her to do research in nice places. She lobbied in vain for a life of her own, for time to write, all the while reproaching herself for caring too much about the house, the children, the cat." On one level at least the competing claims visited upon many women who write about their lives ensure that they will feel torn between cultures, between lands, between spheres (the domestic and the "workplace"), between sets of expectations (outer and inner), between self and others, between causes, between loves, between and among the many maps of our worlds. In this issue we read disturbing and affirming words—intensely felt, intensely debated. Attempts at dialogue are often overtaken by the language of debate. We are grateful to the two authors in this issue for laying bare the systems and convictions that propel them and their understandings. No reader is likely to feel apathy; each reader must sort out for herself or himself the intellectual/moral/political positions and implications that for him or her are most persuasive. Audrey Thompson takes on an enormous task—one that could fill volumes—and compresses and presses it into a long analytical journal article replete with voluminous endnotes and a bibliography. She juxtaposes several brands, schools—spokes-of-a-wheel perhaps—of feminism. She provides a synopsis and overview of each of these strands or systems in order to examine each for strengths and contributions, weaknesses and deficits. All this information, with a spin, is provided in order to establish the "context of caring" within "four feminist theories on gender and


Steel construction structures are seen in many different applications in our country and in the world. However, the periodic maintenance of these steel construction products is explained by national and international laws and regulations. According to the relevant regulation in our country, it is obligatory to carry out periodic inspections of these constructive structures, which are referred to as machinery and equipment, once a year. As in many facilities, it is obvious that these structures are the main elements of the facility and will be used throughout the life of the facility. It is not clear under which conditions these structures, which are generally produced using structural steels and which are connected by welding or bolts, will be examined in the periodic inspections. As a result of the research on the lifetime of general structural steels, it has been proved by many researchers that these structures have an infinite life if they reach the number of million repetitions. However, the life of welding or bolts, which are the connecting elements of the structure, remains uncertain. In this study, accident breaking studies were carried out by detailing the damage due to a tragic accident in a steel construction that has served for about 36 years. By keeping company and personal information confidential, the steel structure and bolt connections of the construction were examined in terms of strength, hardness and microstructure, and the results were detailed.


Modular construction is a fast and rising trend in the building industry. Prefabricated units or recycled shipping containers are stacked together to create a multiplex. The various delivery methods for these types of projects ask for pre-installed waterproofing and building envelope membrane systems, which require some level of finishing in the field. Consultants are challenged with alternative design processes, product approvals, and construction sequencing committed to expedited schedules. There is an urgent need to evaluate the pros and cons of pre-installed waterproofing systems in the context of quality-control measures for modular construction. Walls, windows, and roofing assemblies are components of the conventional building envelope for which consultants are used to designing and detailing flashing on paper. When these systems are selected for modular construction, the manufacturing team decides and designates the best practices for the waterproofing assemblies. How are design decisions made, and are the correct performance criteria being reviewed? Who will ultimately be responsible if waterproofing issues arise in the future? The consultant's role as an on-call advisor becomes essential in a modular design and prefabricated project setup. Lessons learned from Walker Consultants in modular-unit construction will be shared and discussed, with ideas to improve our building envelope and waterproofing approach to this type of work.


LBA4005 Background: Fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) has shown improved survival in metastatic pancreatic cancer, and promising results as downstaging chemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The efficacy of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer is unknown. Methods: This is a randomized phase II trial with patients included from 12 Nordic centers in the period 2017-2021. Patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer were randomly assigned to receive either four neoadjuvant cycles of FOLFIRINOX followed by surgery and eight adjuvant cycles mFOLFIRINOX, or upfront surgery and adjuvant mFOLFIRINOX (12 cycles). The primary endpoint was overall survival at 18 months after date of randomization (intention-to-treat [ITT]). Overall survival was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences between the respective treatment arms were analyzed with log rank tests. Results: In NORPACT-1, 140 patients were randomly assigned (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, n=77;upfront surgery, n=63). Median age was 66.5 years (IQR 59, 72), while 115 (82.1%) and 25 (17.9%) patients were ECOG 0 and 1, respectively. Median OS by ITT was 25.1 months [95% CI 17.2-34.9] with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 38.5 months [95% CI 27.6-not reached] with upfront surgery (p=0.096). The proportion of patients alive at 18 months by ITT was 59.7 % [95% CI 48.9-70.7] and 73.0 % [95% CI 62.0-84.0], respectively (p=0.100). Resection rates were 81.8% (63/77) in the neoadjuvant group and 88.9% (56/63) in the upfront surgery group (p=0.342). In the neoadjuvant group 61 (79.2%) patients initiated neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX. Completion of the four planned cycles was 60%, with dose reductions and delays in 70% and 28.3%. Per-protocol (PP) analysis of 60 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who received minimum one cycle neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX compared with 55 patients in the upfront surgery arm who were explored showed median OS of 23.0 months [95% CI 16.2-34.9] and 34.4 months [95% CI 19.4-not reached] (p=0.158). Adjuvant chemotherapy initiation rate was 66.2% and 74.6% (p=0.282) by ITT. In resected PDAC patients the rate was 86.4% and 89.8% (p=0.593). Of 120 patients receiving at least one dose of neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy (safety population), 57.5% (42/73) in the neoadjuvant group and 40.4% (19/47) in the upfront surgery group experienced at least one grade ≥3 adverse event (p=0.067). In PP analysis neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX was associated with significantly higher rate of N0 (p=0.002) and R0 resection (p=0.011). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX did not improve OS compared with upfront surgery in resectable pancreatic head cancer. Our results do not support neoadjuvant chemotherapy as standard of care for these patients. Future trials should incorporate a biomarker-based design. Clinical trial information: NCT02919787 .


VANE clocking is the circumferential indexing of adjacent vane rows with similar vane counts. The clocking configuration can be arranged so that either all downstream vanes are positioned in the wakes shed from the upstream vanes, or the upstream vane wakes pass through every passage of the downstream vane row without any interaction with the vane surface. Researchers have shown that vane clocking can impact discrete frequency noise, the unsteady forces acting on the embedded rotor, and stage efficiency. Stage efficiency, in general, can be affected by changes to stator loss, rotor loss, or work done on the flow by the rotor. Researchers tend to focus on how the downstream stator loss is affected by vane clocking, but the role, if any, the rotor flowfield plays in vane clocking effects on stage efficiency has not been fully investigated. Many clocking studies have been performed in turbine environments, but fewer compressor clocking studies have provided conclusive results because the more common low-speed compressor research facilities generate a small pressure rise per stage, leaving the even smaller changes associated with vane clocking indiscernible. One of the few vane clocking studies that report a measurable and repeatable vane clocking effect on stage efficiency has been performed in the intermediate-speed Purdue University three-stage axial compressor research facility [1,2]. With similar vane counts for the IGV, Stator 1, and Stator 2, the effects of vane clocking were isolated to the embedded stage by clocking Stator 1 with respect to Stator 2. The objective of this Note is to investigate how vane clocking affects rotor loss and work done on the flow. This is accomplished with both steady total temperature measurements and unsteady tangential flow angle measurements. Two loading conditions were investigated: design point loading and a high loading condition. Vane clocking effects were more than three times stronger at high loading than at design loading. In addition, the larger potential field associated with the high loading condition would make any vane clocking effects on rotor performance, if present, more obvious. Three spanwise locations of the flowfield were interrogated: 30, 50, and 70%span. Thesewere chosen because at design loading, vane clocking effects were strongest at 70% span. At high loading, the hub variations were out-of-phase with the tip variations because of the significant skew in the Stator 1 wakes by the time they convected to the Stator 2 leading edge plane. Therefore, the clocking trends at 30% span were opposite of the trends at 70% span, and thus, interrogating these spanwise locations would allow for this type of trend to be identified in the rotor flowfield data, if present. The experiments were performed in a compressor featuring geometry representative of the rear stages of a high-pressure compressor, with engine representativeMach numbers and Reynolds numbers [3]. The two clocking configurations in this Note, CL3 and CL6, represent offsets of 32 and 83%vane passage (vp), respectively. These include the configuration leading to wake impingement on the downstream vane row, and the other, half a passage out of phase with the first, allows the wakes to pass through downstream passages. For these studies, the relative position of the IGV and Stator 1 was held constant, as was the relative position of Stator 2 and Stator 3. All results are acquired at 100% corrected design speed, 5000 rpm. To determine the effects of vane clocking on stage 2 total temperature ratio, measurements were acquired at the exit of Stator 1 and Stator 2 with seven-element Kiel head total temperature rakes. The thermocouple sensor and thermocouple-grade extension wire was designated as "special limits of error," and for type T thermocouples, the manufacturer specified uncertainty was 0.5 °C. In an effort to reduce this value, a temperature bath was used to verify that the uncertainty for this group of wires was actually only 0.1 °C for the temperature range of interest. A miniature cross-film sensor was used to acquire instantaneous flow angle and velocity information in the axial-tangential plane. The uncertainty in the tangential flow angle measurements acquired with the cross-film sensors are 1 deg . All time-accurate data were acquired at a sampling frequency of 120 kHz (Rotor 2 blade pass frequency is 2.75 kHz at design speed), with 200 revolutions of data used to characterize an ensemble-averaged (EA) revolution.


A (6, 14)-connected metal-organic framework (MOF), namely [Co9(μ3-OH)2(CPT)10(HCOO)6]n (1) [HCPT = 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1, 2,4-triazole], was synthesized using custom-designed bifunctional triazolate-carboxylate organic linkers and CoII salts. The framework exhibits two types of highly connected Co3 and Co6 cluster moieties with distinct arrangement, which were generated in situ. The combination of these building units results in an unusual (6, 14)-connected structure, which has been rarely observed in MOF chemistry. This MOF was characterized by single X-ray diffraction, PXRD, and TGA. Furthermore, its magnetic properties were investigated.


To produce a reliable Q model, we present a new method for wave-equation migration Q analysis in angle-domain common image gathers. We develop two ways of choosing the reference images for the objective function: one using the near angles of each angle gather and one using the near angles of the reference angle gather. We apply our methods to two 2D synthetic tests. The results show that the inverted Q anomalies are well retrieved. Compared with Q analysis from the stacked image, Q estimation using pre-stack gathers can obtain a higher resolution result. In addition, Q estimation from pre-stack gathers mitigates the side lobe problems that arise in the stacked gather.


Two gravity gradiometer designs are currently available for commercial survey operations and other instruments are in the late stages of pre-deployment research. These gradiometer systems differ from one another with respect to the number and orientation of sensing accelerometer pairs. There is a need for a theoretical framework to evaluate how these design variations, affect the expected performance of these devices Three methods of design comparison will be presented: 1) Transformation of noise, a calculation of the degree of noise reduction produced by the method of transforming and combining measured gradient components. 2) Inversion errors, comparison of the degree to which noise induces errors in the values of parameters determined in a parametric inversion calculation. 3) Sensitivity, analysis of the response of each system to a point source and how that source varies as a function of location in 3D space. Each of these methods focuses on a different aspect of the practice of gravity gradiometry. Specifically, noise, inversion and source detection. Analysis will be centered on comparison between the two gravity gradiometer designs manufactured by Lockheed-Martin. The full tensor gradiometer (FTG) and the horizontal partial tensor gradiometer that is part of the Falcon survey system. All three methods predict that in order for these two gradiometer designs to yield equivalent results the noise level of the horizontal partial tensor gradiometer must be less than that of each of the three sub-gradiometers of the FTG by a factor of 3.08.


High-density vertically aligned ZnO nanotubes (NTs) were prepared by etching ZnO nanorods (NRs) in aqueous solution, which were grown from ZnO sol–gel-derived seeds coated on transparent conductive glass substrate. We investigated the preparation of nanostructured oxide/conjugated polymer hybrid solar cells, where the regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) was infiltrated into transparent ZnO nanorod or nanotube films. The hybrid can take advantage of the high electron mobility attainable in oxide semiconductors and can be fabricated using low temperature aqueous solution growth techniques. Additionally, the morphology of the hybrid can be controlled in a systematic way through growth of the nanostructured ZnO to obtain a large amount of surface area. Because of the increased specific surface area, the power efficiency of cells based on ZnO NTs enhances twice as that of ZnO NRs. In other words, the nanotubes can offer a highly ordered material architecture with efficient charge generation and collection of electron in hybrid solar cells. A relation between efficiency and surface area is demonstrated.


Propose of this study is to analyze the performance of the single-tuned filter and detuned reactor to improve power quality (voltage profile, power factor, and harmonic distortion) in a microgrid. Nowadays power quality becomes the focus of the electrical company as well as commercial customer and industry. The load consists of two types, linear load, and nonlinear load. Both of them cause a reduction of power quality as voltage drop, low power factor, and harmonic distortion. Those problems can make losses of electrical usage, broken on electrical devices and can stop the production process in the industry. Single-tuned filter and the detuned reactor is the type of harmonic filter that commonly used to mitigate harmonic distortion. The harmonic filter also has benefit to improve power factor and voltage profile on the system. All filters will be simulated on ETAP to get the performance of each filter on different condition. The most dominant load in this study is a 6-pulse battery charger.


The ecological economic is a new type of economic development mode,with its low consumption and high efficiency. As a basic national fact,China has a huge population,rare energy and resources and fragile ecological environment. To develop ecological economic is china's must choice in its economy and social development and the essential way to achieve sustainable development. Due to the current insufficient financial system in China, full support can't be delivered to economic development. This article mainly discusses the importance of China to develop ecological economic,the relationship between ecology and economy. This paper also analyzes the existing problems in the development of ecological economy,and puts forward some countermeasures to promote the development of financial ecological economy in China.


Using matrix array probes for non-destructive materials testing offers the ability of electronic steering of the sound field through a test block almost without limitation. This provides a lot of new possibilities for testing applications on components with complicated geometries and structures such as used in the public transport and energy industry. In the BAM a laboratory scale test system has been built up which can handle two matrix array probes containing up to 64 elements each. The system is now available for practical tests in the field. In parallel several matrix array probes have been simulated, developed and constructed. A newly developed software package handles all test functions on a real-time basis for the controlling of the probes. It enables processing of high amounts of measured data which are delivered by the measurement system and the display of testing results. When using matrix array probes in combination with image processing algorithms adaptation to in-field applications becomes easy. In this article the first results with the matrix array test equipment are introduced for different test applications.


Relations between the shape of performance curve and flow pattern of cross flow fan are investigated. Total pressure distributions along inner periphery of impeller are measured by traversing a three-hole circular yaw probe. Output signals from a hot-wire probe fitted to impeller are photographed to show the relative flow through blades. Movements of the eccentric vortex inside impeller are measured by these methods, and the following results are obtained. When the flow rate decreases, the vortex center moves along the inner periphery of impeller towards the tongue over the flow rate corresponding to the maximum of ψt. Substantially different two types of flow patterns appear according as φ is larger than 0.3 or not. That is, when φ>0.3, the shape of tongue is the determining factor to the flow pattern, if casing of ordinary size are used. However, when φ<0.3, both the angle of delivery arc of impeller and the size of casing affect the pattern as well as fan performance.


Hip abductor (ABD) and adductor (ADD) muscle imbalances lead to injuries in lumbo-pelvic hip complex, and these imbalances and other factors such as foot posture might affect dynamic balance. The present study aims to examine body mass index (BMI), dynamic balance and hip muscle strength values of adolescents with different foot posture alteration. Fifty-nine healthy adolescents (mean age 12±3 years, height 156±11.46 cm, weight 50.57±11.60 kg) voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were divided into two groups according to Foot Posture Index (FPI): (Neutral Foot Group (NFG), n=48 / Prone Foot Group (PFG), n=11). The participants' single leg – both legs dynamic balance values were measured by using balance measurement device (TOGUtm), and their hip ABD and ADD isometric muscle strengths were measured through the load cell. The dynamic balance, BMI and muscle strength values of the groups were compared by using Independent Sample t-Test. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups according to right and left single leg dynamic balance values (p<0.05). The study revealed that one of the most significant factors affecting dynamic balance in adolescents is foot posture. It is believed that using insoles suitable for the foot posture might be helpful in increasing the efficiency of dynamic movements carried out on a single leg and it is essential to suggest some exercises to correct foot postures when necessary.


Determination of the minimum breakpoint set (MBPS) is essential for optimum coordination of directional protection relays. However, in modern large-scale power networks, this task poses serious difficulties and becomes time consuming. This paper addresses such deficiencies and proposes a numerically efficient algorithm. Despite being derived from graph theory, the proposed algorithm functions via a series of matrix computations, that is, reduction, permutation, and LU factorization of the branch to bus incidence matrix of a given network. At first, parallel branches are united via the reduction step. Then, branches and buses are reset to form spanning trees of the network via the permutation step. Finally, MBPS is determined via the LU factorization step. Experimental results obtained by implementing the proposed algorithm in various test systems are presented to illustrate its computational performance.


Comstock, G. L. and W. A. Cot . 1968. Factors affecting permcability and pit aspiration in coniferous sapwood. Wood Sei. Technol. 2, 279—291. Galvao,A. P. M., J. F. Siau and C. Skaar. 1974· Factors influencing the transicnt flow of oils into coniferous woods. Wood Sei. 7 (2), 85—91. Kelso,W. C., R. O. Ger t je jansen and R. L. Hossfeld. 1963. The effect of air blockage upon the permeability of wood to liquids. Tech. Bull. Minnesota Agric. Exp. Sta. No. 242. Kelso, W. C. 1974. Effect of filtration of creosote on treatability of southern pine pole sections. Proc. Am. Wood Preserv. Ass. 70, 123—136. Meyer, R. W. 1971. Influence of pit aspiration on earlywood permeability of Douglas fir. Wood and Fiber 2 (4), 328 to 339. Petty, J. A. 1975. Relation between immersion time and absorption of petroleum distillate in a vacuum-pressure process. Holzforschung 29 (4), 113—118. Phillips, E. W. J. 1933. Movcment of the pit membrane in coniferous woods, with special reference to preservative treatment. Forestry 7, 109—120. Thomas, R. J. and K. P. Kringstad. 1971. The role of hydrogen bonding in pit aspiration. Holzforschung 25 (5), 143—149.


In this guest editorial the distinguished president and CEO of Strategic Hotel Capital, Inc., a leader in the lodging industry outlines his views in a paper written for the Review which was also delivered at the Credit Lyonnaise Lodging Converence in Paris in March of 1998.


The pKa of amines, mainly aniline and pyridine derivatives, were measured by indicator method in acetonitrile. In acetonitrile, the pKa of those amines have never been measured except for several amines by Kolthoff et al. As an indicator (HI), two types of indicator (different charge on HI; 1+ and 0) were used. It was found that the pKa of amines in the range of 9.55-16.1 could be easily measured by the indicator method. However, we failed to find the appropriate indicator for the measurement of pKa of amines belonging to pKa>16.1 and pKa<9.55. The values of pK obtained were almost the sam e independent of indicator used. Furthermore, the linear plot of pKa (in acetonitrile) against pKa (in water) was observed (the linear plot contains the values of Kolthoff et al.) The values of pKa of amines obtained here would be expected to be used for another studies requiring numerical analysis in acetonitrile solution.


The results of comparative survey 96 patients in age 7 to 17 years old with chronic Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)-associated gastroduodenal pathology depending on the status of cagA-organism were presented. It was found that when infected with cagA-positive strains of H.pylori can predict the course of diseases of the stomach and duodenum with frequent relapses and incomplete clinical remission. The presence of cagA gene of the microorganism is a risk factor for erosive-ulcerative processes and intestinal metaplasia of the mucous membrane of the duodenum in children.


There has been an increasing popularity of applications deployed on mobile devices, such as smartphones or tablets. Many of them, e.g., YouTube [1], Pandora [2], Facebook [3] and etc, require access to the Internet for content sharing while running, and contribute a huge amount of data traffic sent through cellular networks [9], which causes cellular networks currently to be overloaded. Moreover, it is predicted that mobile data traffic will increase very fast in the next few years [9]. As a result, many cellular network providers are putting a lot of effort to seeking solutions for improving their network capacity, e.g., upgrade their infrastructure, as well as decide to move away from unlimited data plans to less flexible charging models [4]. In this paper, we address the problem of efficient rich content sharing from/to mobile devices by proposing practical approaches that provide high delivery performance, reduce cellular data traffic, and release the pressure of cellular networks' heavy load on mobile users and cellular network services providers. Our approaches [13--16] all share a common technique: using complementary networks, such as WiFi, WiFi ad hoc or Bluetooth, equipped in most modern mobile devices to offload data traffic previously planned to be transmitted over cellular networks. For each proposed approach, we prove its feasibility by testing it on an Android based testbed and evaluate its performance and scalability using simulations.


Emotional intelligence, often referred to as EQ, is a relatively new theoretical construct that has emerged in both popular press and academic publications in the last decade. Popular press definitions of EQ include a wide range of skills such as motivation, empathy, communication, persistence, and personal warmth (Goleman, 1998). More conservative definitions from academic research focus on EQ as involving an individual's capacity to recognize and utilize emotional states to change intentions and behavior (Mayer, 1999; Mayer & Salovey, 1995; Salovey & Mayer, 1990). Due to these discrepancies, it is important to develop a clear perspective on the theoretical development of EQ and how this theory may or may not overlap with traditional forms of intelligence and with psychological skills and strategies as they relate to athletic performance. This brief review of EQ theory development focuses on empirically driven research as opposed to the popular press applications of EQ. The foundation of emotional intelligence theory is based on the evolution of "intelligence." Gardner's (1983) work on multiple intelligences expanded the traditional definition of intelligence that focused on verbal, analytical and quantitative abilities to include skills such as kinesthetic, musical, intrapersonal, and interpersonal intelligences. This dramatic change in the conceptualization of intelligence broadened the focus from internal cognitive capacities (e.g., logic and reason) to abilities that involve some interaction with emotional states or the external environment. These presumably adaptive abilities are considered personality traits similar to previous components of intelligence. Following Gardner's multiple intelligences theory, work began on developing a theory specifically in the area of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence. Salovey and Mayer (1990) defined EQ as "the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to


The self-developed ADAC-TZ,a gemini cationic surfactant with triazole structure,is applied to pretreatment of cotton knits before cold pad-batch dyeing. The results show that ADAC-TZ is compatibale with many kinds of reactive dyes and novel alkaline agents. Assisted with alkaline agent QF-4 and Gemini surfactant ADAC-TZ,the dyeing properties of BES reactive dyes can be significantly improved,such as K / S value,color fastness to rubbing and soaping.


Readers of the BJMT will be aware that a series of interviews with UK-based music therapists (the Historical Perspectives Series) has now come to an end. It was fitting that the final two interviews marked the contributions of two administrators. Both Denize Christophers for the BSMT and Diana Asbridge for the APMT gave a strong impression of the huge development of UK music therapy over the years. Looking to the future, this development looks set to continue worldwide. In the UK, we are concerned in particular with the administration of our professional bodies and working within the framework of State Registration and Continuing Professional Development. Following on from the first set of interviews, the new series will add a broader perspective, incorporating contributions from both inside and outside the UK. This will offer us an opportunity to view UK music therapy within another framework – one that is grounded in our history, while also acknowledging changes within the profession, and looking towards future developments. It is a conscious move from the past to the future, and will contribute to the ongoing dialogue between the UK and the rest of Europe at a time of significant change. The following set of three interviews incorporates the thoughts of therapists who are directly involved with developments in music therapy in different areas of Europe. Tony Wigram will need no introduction, and here he writes in his capacity as a colleague who has considerable experience of work in the UK and in Europe (in particular, his involvement with the Masters and PhD courses in Aalborg, Denmark). Nigel Hartley who, as Chairperson of the APMT, represents the UK profession at an exciting and challenging point in its history, is also informed by his experience of working in other European countries. Jos De Backer, the head of the Leuven Music Therapy Masters in Belgium, and a well known presenter and teacher in many European countries, is also the current President of the European Music Therapy Confederation (EMTC). For the interview, each of these experienced therapists was asked a series of questions, which fell into four categories: general perspectives of the state of the profession employment and clinical practice research and training the UK perspective Questions and answers are printed below. The broad range of opinion and experience documented offers a unique view of the profession as a whole, and of how developments in the UK fit within a European perspective. In forthcoming editions of the Journal, a series of further interviews will develop the themes identified by Hartley, Wigram and De Backer. It is apt that the interviews end with De Backer's acknowledgement of the fact that whereas the many differences between countries cause challenges, these differences also ultimately add to a richness and breadth of knowledge and experience which must, at all costs, be respected. At times of change it is essential to bear this sentiment in mind.


In this first paper, the construction of semi-empirical model potentials for sys- tems composed of helium in an excited state (He*) and a rare-gas atom (He or Ne) is described. The model of the atom-atom pair which has been adopted is one in which the excited electron is included explicitly, but the residual He' ion and the rare-gas atom are treated simply as cores which may be polarised. The results obtained are in satisfactory agreement with other calculations where they are available. In recent years, rapid progress has been made on the ab initio calculation of potential curves for many different atom-atom systems and several large computer programs have been developed for such work at centres in various parts of the world. As an experiment, we have carried out a few preliminary calculations on He-He* scatter- ing using the computer program package ATMOL, which is available on the IBM 360/195 at the Rutherford Laboratory. However, the basic approach adopted in these programs is that individual molecular orbitals are constructed from Slater states or Gaussian functions, and then wavefunctions for each molecular configuration are formed. This is a good approach for the calculation of properties such as equilibrium separation and binding energy. However, in order to determine accurately the interac- tion between two atoms which are well separated, many terms would have to be included in an expansion of the total wavefunction in terms of the molecular states, and extensive configuration-interaction calculations carried out. The condition that, at large separations, the system is simply two non-interacting atoms cannot be strictly satisfied when a truncated expansion in terms of molecular states is used. The magnitude of cross sections for low-energy atom-atom scattering depends largely on the long and intermediate ranges of the interaction between the atoms, and so we need a method that produces the correct potential at large separations and is reasonably reliable at smaller distances. The cross sections are not sensitive to the precise form of the interaction at very small distances. In 92, the basic model of the atom-atom pair, which is made up of three bodies, is described; they are the excited electron which is included explicitly, the residual He' ion and the noble- gas atom. The internal structure of the He' ion and the rare-gas atom is not con- sidered, but allowance is made for their polarisability. It must be emphasised that although the approach is semi-empirical, there are no circular arguments involved, since the experimental and theoretical information used to fix certain parameters is totally independent of any experimental or theoretical data on the He-rare-gas


The learning disabled child is different things to different people. Any definition of the learning disabled child poses as many questions as it answers. However, the label, learning disabled child, usually includes children who have difficulty in understanding or in using spoken or written language. Assorted labels, or definitions, have been used to describe these children. Here is a brief sample from a long list:


Abstract We compared three types of auditory interface in personal computing environments: verbal messages, earcons, and auditory icons. We applied Peirce's sign theory to the three auditory interfaces to conceptualize verbal messages as "dicent symbol legisigns," earcons as "dicent indexical legisigns," and auditory icons as "remantic iconic sinsigns." Based on theories of the triple triangle model for sign production (Kim, Semiotica 132: 75–100, 2000), we suggested that (a) the three auditory interfaces demand different levels of mental effort for interpretation and (b) the extent to which users are able to interpret the auditory signs of a computer correctly correlates to the communicability of its interface.


We propose an artificial intelligence-based channel prediction scheme that can potentially facilitate link adaptation in customized communication systems. Link adaptation is a key process for wireless communication that requires accurate channel state information (CSI). However, the CSI may be outdated because of computational and propagation delays. In addition, a subframe with no CSI reference signal cannot provide CSI feedback. The proposed scheme solves these problems by predicting future channels. Although traditional stochastic methods suffer from marginal prediction accuracy or unacceptable computational complexity, neural networks allow time series prediction for channels even considering constraints for practical application. We introduce a hybrid architecture for improving the prediction accuracy of the neural network when extracting meaningful features. The proposed scheme uses a single hybrid network that can predict channels in different environments. Simulations were performed using a spatial channel model to evaluate the performance at the system-level, and the results indicated that the proposed scheme effectively increases the prediction accuracy for the channel quality indicator and spectral efficiency.


As an important means of human resources exploitation,education has become the major momentum and headspring of the economic development.Thus,the move and transfer of agricultural labor force should be based on the education,training and coaching they have received.In this thesis,the author brings forward that to build up a scientific and reasonable mechanism of farmer education will be an important and effective approach to solve the dualistic economic problems in Chongqing Municipality.


The effects of dibasic acid on the production process of adipate and the main factors affecting mass fraction of dibasic acid in the system were analyzed.The measures for effectively controlling mass fraction of dibasic acid in the system with orthogonal test were discussed connecting with the long-term production practice.Result showed that the unit consumption of raw material was reduced besides attaining the result respected.


In this paper we present the final design of the WFS unit of LBT's ARGOS facility, that will implement a GLAO system using 3 Rayleigh pulsed beacons. The ARGOS WFS is composed of two main subunits: 1) a large dichroic window that deflects the laser beam toward the WFS and transmit the visible and near-infrared wavelength to the MOSimager LUCIFER and 2) the SH-WFS that collects the backscattered light of the 3 beacons and combines the beams on a single lenslet array and detector. The WFS unit includes Pockels cells for the range gating of the laser beams, field and pupil stabilizers to compensate for the fast jitter of the laser beams and for optical flexures and a calibration unit to check the internal alignment; this unit will be also used for closed-loop laboratory tests using a MEMS-DM.


Explanation is an indispensable phase in the paradigm of typological study.Though facts in particular languages can be explained in terms of the universals yielded from typological generalization,the universals themselves call for explanations.Such explanations can be of different kinds to the extent that the related perspectives and theoretical persuasions can be internal or external,synchronic or diachronic,formal or functional.This paper focuses on external,functional explanations covering such factors as meaning and function,perception and cognition(e.g.,processing factors,economy and iconicity).We believe that language is a result of the co-working and trading-off of the various factors and it is implausible to attribute any universal to any single motivation.


Agricultural commodities, especially perishable one such as chili and onion have sharp and irregular price fluctuation. Decreasing supply of the commodities to the marketplace produces its price soars. On the contrary, the price falls below the normal price when its supply increase abundantly. Where the price stability on the commodities is desired, government are trying to maintain its supply rigorously. This paper aims to forecast chili price as a perishable commodities to help the decision maker in maintaining its supply. The method used in this study was artificial neural network using the input variable i.e. consumer's price, chili production, and chili consumption. The artificial neural network model has been produced using the available data. It has MAPE value 16.19% and considered as sufficient accuracy.


Abstract Respiratory and colour characteristics of alfalfa chops at 14 and 20% moisture contents and 8 and 23°C storage temperatures under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and non-MAP conditions in sealed polyethylene packages with and without specific gas mixture (1% O 2 , 5% CO 2 and 94% N 2 ) were studied. The study indicated that an increase in storage period caused a proportional decrease in percent oxygen in the packages, thereby reducing the respiration rate of alfalfa chops under the MAP environment. Further, the samples stored at 23°C and without the MAP environment had a fungal growth and the colour of the samples was not as green as those kept at a temperature of 8°C.


Due to lightweight construction numerous parts in turbomachinery industry with aerodynamic properties exhibit thin-walled features. Typical examples are compressor blades or turbine blades. Finish-milling depicts a stage of the manufacturing process of these parts with significant value creation. A major limitation of productivity is process stability in terms of self-excited or forced vibration. Different simulation approaches attempt determining a priori the process stability to avoid a bad surface quality, accelerated tool wear, tool breakage or scrapped parts. One distinctive part of these simulations is a cutting force model which incorporates material and tool dependent coefficients. The simulation accuracy directly depends on the exactness of these coefficients. Usually, these coefficients are identified experimentally from cutting force measurements with piezoelectric sensors, whose transmissibility is nonlinear. In this paper a multidimensional stationary inverse filter for compensating the influence of the nonlinear transmissibility of force sensors is presented. In a subsequent step, a Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is used to identify cutting force coefficients from filtered force measurements. The functionality of the filter is validated by comparing highly nonlinear and almost linear piezoelectric force measurement sensors connected in series during finish-milling experiments. The accuracy of the identified cutting force coefficients is assessed by comparing cutting force simulations to measurements.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Temperature has known as one of the major factor that influence the formation of ground surface Ozone (O3). The statistical result has shown that the higher temperature causes the higher O3. However, at certain level of high temperature, O3 level are reduced. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the relationship and show the pattern of temperature versus O3 during high and low O3 using clustering technique and generate Association Rules to get the meaningful information. In this study, K-means clustering technique were applied on the dataset to determine the interval for variables separately and the rules are discovered using Apriori technique in Association Rule. The experiment was carried out using hourly O3 dataset collected from Putrajaya station between years 2005 to 2012. The stations have been identified as the most area with high frequency of ozone exceedance including Cheras and Shah Alam. The result found three type of patterns and 13 rules for temperature towards O3. The pattern for temperature high and O3 low also had been identified.


The diagonally reinforced concrete coupling beam has complicated reinforcement details. This paper addresses the design method of coupling beam with steel plate as alternative design.


The reaction of the ω-haloalkyltin trihalides Br(CH 2 ) 3 SnBr 3 and Br(CH 2 ) 4 SnBr 3 with 3 equiv of but-3-enylmagnesium bromide yielded Br(CH 2 ) 3 Sn(CH 2 CH 2 CH=CH 2 ) 3 (3) and Br(CH 2 ) 4 Sn(CH 2 CH 2 -CH=CH 2 ) 3 (4). Both dendritic branches can be converted into their corresponding Grignard reagents, whose consequent treatment with 0.25 M amounts of SnCl 4 resulted in the formation of the dendrimers Sn[(CH 2 ) 3 Sn(CH 2 CH 2 CH=CH 2 ) 3 ] 4 (5) and Sn[(CH 2 ) 4 Sn(CH 2 CH 2 CH=CH 2 ) 3 ] 4 (6), respectively. The subsequent hydrostannation of 5 and 6 delivered Sn{(CH2)3Sn[(CH2)4SnPh3]3}4 (7) and Sn{(CH 2 ) 4 Sn[(CH 2 ) 4 SnPh 3 ] 3 } 4 (8) as dendrimers of the second generation. All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1 H, 13 C, and 119 Sn NMR spectroscopy, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.


And Histological Comparison Of Vs. Open Abstract Aims: The target of this study was to make a comparison between endoscopic saphenous vein harvest (EVH) and open harvest (OVH) for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Histological study was the main purpose to evaluate. Methods : Forty patients prepared for CABG were haphazardly distributed into two groups: an EVH and OVH group. Perioperative data of patients were sorted until six months postoperatively. Histological studies were done for samples taken from each harvested vein during the surgery. Results : The time of vein harvesting, post-operative leg pain, operation cost, wound healing and infection (in 1st postoperative month), Patient satisfaction, cosmoses, early mobilization and hospital length of stay are considered in this study. All that parameter were found that were statistically significantly better in the EVH group postoperatively. At the level of histological examinations of the vein grafts, there was no significant difference in the graft quality in the EVH and the OVH groups. Conclusions : The study confirmed the superiority of EVH at the level of the leg pain, wound healing, infection incidence, hospital stay and patient satisfaction. The clinical and histological results make an impression about equality in graft patency in both groups. More investigations and follow up are needed to examine the long-term patency of endoscopic vein grafts harvest.


To provide theoretical evidences for the further researches as well as to get a clear understanding about the defects and the correlated factors on nurses'cognition on the primary nursing so that some effective measures could be taken to improve the primary nursing quality.


Since bilirubin‐like pigments are present in the environment as degradation products of heme‐containing proteins, yeast could have developed a detoxifying system to transport these compounds into their vacuoles. Vacuoles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed an ATP‐dependent, saturative transport of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) that was reduced by 60% and 40% in YCF1 and YLL015w‐deleted cells, respectively; the double deletant showed no UCB uptake. Conversely, the transport of bile acids (taurocholate) was comparable in wild and deleted stains. These data identify YCF1 and YLL015w, named BPT1 (Bile Pigment Transporter), as the genes responsible for ATP‐dependent UCB transport in yeast. Since YCF1 and YLL015w are rather homologous with multidrug resistant proteins (MRPs), they also suggest the involvement of this class of transporters in the ATP‐dependent transport of unconjugated bilirubin. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Globalisation represents the increased international integration of goods, services, labour, technology, knowledge, ideas and capital of national economics from around the world. It also evokes many opinions in relation to the costs and benefits it can provide. Globalisation can bring greater benefits to countries in the form of greater productivity and output, potentially faster economic growth, increased welfare and even greater incentives to innovate. However, workers fear that globalisation costs more jobs than it creates (Eurobarometer, 69) and it could cause the structure of employment to permanently change over time. Ideally, workers would like to have jobs that last a life time Gob security) and jobs that pay a predictable wage Gob stability). Yet, should workers become dislocated from their jobs through firm closure or through layoffs, workers hope their prospective re-employment in new jobs is secure and stable with few short-term adjustment costs over time. But, many workers believe 'jobs are not for life' and this is in part attributed towards globalisation - increased trade and advancements in technology, the fall in transportation costs, exchange rate volatility and offshoring are all potential factors that have contributed towards greater competition in world markets for goods and services over the last thirty years. This thesis examines whether job security and job stability have changed over this time. It focuses on whether offshoring and the advancements in technology have increasing made jobs less secure and whether they have increasing made wage levels within jobs more volatile.

Chapters 2 and 3 review the literature: chapter 2 explores the potential forces that could cause labour market insecurity to rise and chapter 3 examines the existing empirical literature to see whether labour market security has declined over time. From these reviews, chapter 2 finds that trade, the advancements in ICT and domestic policy reforms to labour market institutions have caused the structure of employment to change in favour of skilled labour at the expense of less-skilled workers even though the employment level has not significantly changed over the post 1990s to the latter 2000s. And the empirical evidence from chapter 3 finds that labour market security, which is composed of (a) job security, (b) income volatility within jobs (job stability) and (c) the loss of earnings between jobs has also not changed significantly from the 1970s to the early 20OOs.

Chapter 4 examines the effects of industry level offshoring intensity and the advancements in ICT over the post 1990s have increasingly had an impact on the wage levels of individual workers. This chapter finds the impact of service offshoring (measured at the industry level), the potential threat from the advancements of technology that increasingly pose a threat to many more potentially tradable occupations (job tradability measured from the application of Blinder's (2007) occupation tradability index) and the threat of TBTC - particularly from the importance of completing routine intensive job tasks, have all had a negative and significant impact on the wage levels of workers over the period 1992 to 2007.

Chapter 5 examines whether a rise in offshoring intensity could lead to a rise in job insecurity by increasing the probability of becoming unemployed. Using individual level data from 1992- 2005, the results show a rise in offshoring (materials and services) and the advancements in ICT did not lower job security, it actually raises the probability of remaining in employment. This chapter also finds workers were more likely to remain in employment with their current employers. But workers employed in potentially the more tradable jobs that are also routine job task intensive appear to have a higher probability of becoming unemployed. Collectively, chapter 4 and 5 suggest that while offshoring may put downward pressure on wage levels, it has had little impact on job security. Workers appear to sacrifice job stability for job security.

Chapter 6 addressed whether there has been a secular decline in job security over the last two decades. Using job tenure and job transitions as measures for job security, this thesis finds medium [longer-term] job tenure shares (job tenure greater than or equal to five [ten] years) declined by 7.95% [8.85%] and 8.70% [7.95%] for men and for women with no children from 1992 to 2006. These declines are not indicative of a rise in job-to-job transitions, but a slender rise in job-to-unemployment and job-to-non-employment transitions over the time frame. Further analysis shows there is no evidence that these latter job transition results have arisen because of a rise in involuntary job separations resulting from redundancies or from firm closures over time.


Kidney gene expression profile of db/db diabetic nephropathy mice was analyzed by using Affymetrix oligonucleotide genechip. Mice diabetic nephropathy related genes (and ESTs) were found out. A 1.7 kb cDNA was amplified and cloned by using RACE method, based on the sequence of EST. Homologous analysis of the sequence was carried out. And the result shows that it is part of mouse expression sequence AL023001, which function is unknown. To further investigate the relationship between AL023001 and diabetic nephropathy, the function of AL023001, expression levels of AL023001 were analyzed quantitatively using RT-PCR method. Result of RT-PCR shows that AL023001 is expressed differentially in liver, muscle, brain and fat, while the expression pattern of AL023001 in kidney is just like that revealed by gene chip. These results suggest that AL023001 is related to mice diabetic nephropathy, though its function and possible role played in the development of mice diabetic nephropathy still to be investigated.


The invention relates to a preparation method of an intermediate compound 5 of an oxazolidinone antimicrobial drug and its analogue. The preparation method comprises that 1, in an organic solvent, under action of formaldehyde, a formaldehyde aqueous solution, a formaldehyde organic solution or paraformaldehyde and an acid, at a reaction temperature of 10-120 DEG C, a compound shown in the formula 1 and a compound shown in the formula 2 undergo a nucleophilic reaction according to a mole ratio of 1: 0.2-1: 5 for 5-30h and the reaction product is subjected to aftertreatment purification to form a compound shown in the formula 3, and 2, in an organic solvent, a compound shown in the formula 3, a compound shown in the formula 4 and organic alkali or inorganic alkali undergo a reaction according to a mole ratio of the compound shown in the formula 3 to the compound shown in the formula 4 of 1: 0.2-1: 5 at a temperature of 10-150 DEG C for 5-30h and reaction product is subjected to aftertreatment purification to form a compound shown in the formula 5. The preparation method has a low cost, a high yield, mild reaction conditions, environment friendliness, simple treating processes after synthesis and safety and is suitable for industrial large-scale preparation.


Author(s): Storlie, Jessica | Advisor(s): Aouizerat, Bradley | Abstract: Persistent arm pain, a distinct syndrome from persistent breast pain, is a considerable clinical problem following breast cancer surgery. The roles of neurotransmitters and neurotransmitter genes have been examined in persistent neuropathic pain; however, genetic associations have not been examined in the setting of breast cancer surgery. In this study, associations between previously identified arm pain classes (i.e., No Arm Pain vs. Mild Arm Pain and No Arm Pain vs. Moderate Arm Pain) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) over 30 candidate neurotransmitter genes were evaluated. After multivariate logistic regression analyses for phenotypic characteristics, 4 SNPs and 1 haplotype remained significant between the No Arm Pain and Mild Arm Pain classes: 1 SNP in BDNF (i.e., rs11030102), 1 SNP in COMT (i.e., rs4633), 1 haplotype in HTR2A (i.e., Haplotype B02), 1 SNP for HTR3A (i.e., rs1985242), and 1 SNP in TH (i.e., rs2070762). Between the No Arm Pain and Moderate Arm Pain classes, 9 SNPs remained significant: 1 SNP in BDNF (i.e., rs2049046), 1 SNP in COMT (i.e., rs165656), 2 SNPs in HTR2A (i.e., rs2770298 and rs9534511), 1 SNP in HTR3A (i.e., rs1985242), 1 SNP in NOS2A (i.e., rs2248814), 1 SNP in NPY (i.e., rs16148), 1 SNP in SLC6A1 (i.e., rs2601126), and 1 SNP in TACR1 (i.e., rs4439987). These findings suggest meaningful impact of neurotransmitter genes on the development of persistent arm pain following breast cancer surgery.


Selective oxidation catalysts based on metal oxides are categorically summarized in terms of their functions derived from high dimensionality in crystalline catalytic materials, which are titanosilicate, divanadyl pyrophosphate, heteropoly compounds, molybdenum–vanadium mixed oxides, and multicomponent Bi–Mo oxides.

Keywords:

acid property;
acrolein oxidation to acrylic acid;
active oxygen species;
active sites;
alkane oxidation;
allyl intermediate;
amorphous;
Bi-Mo-O oxide catalyst;
building units;
C-H bond;
catalytic functions;
complex catalyst structure;
crystal structure;
distorted octahedra;
framework;
function separation concept;
HAADF-STEM;
heptagonal channel;
heteropoly compounds;
high-dimensional network;
hydrogen abstraction;
hydrogen peroxide;
hydrothermal method;
Keggin anion;
lattice oxygen ions;
layer-type structure;
linker;
liquid phase oxidation;
meta-stable material;
micropore;
molybdate;
Mo3VO11.2 catalyst;
Mo–V–Te(Sb)–Nb–O;
multicomponent Bi-Mo catalysts;
multifunctional property;
n-butane oxidation to maleic anhydride;
Ni–Nb–O;
olefin oxidation;
orthorhombic;
oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethene;
pentagonal {(Mo)Mo5O21;
peroxide;
peroxo species;
polyoxometalate;
porous property;
propane (amm)oxidation;
propene oxidation to propene oxide;
propene selective oxidation;
redox property;
secondary structure;
selective oxidation catalyst;
selective oxidations of methacrolein;
selectivity;
site isolation;
soft-synthesis;
solid-state reaction;
titanosilicate;
trigonal;
unit assembly;
vanadyl pyrophosphate catalyst;
XRD;
zeolite catalyst


The purpose of this study is to explore the process of regime change in Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan. Why did regime change happen? What are the differences between these three cases? How did the opposition emerge? Did the common factors of successful regime change have varied degree in each country? Through a literature review, the author points out the main factors of this wave of regime change: the source of election competitiveness, the emergence of opposition vis-?-vis the regime legitimacy crisis, and foreign influence of information accessibility. The thesis argues that the elections held in these three countries with different backgrounds and political environments contributed to various origins of opposition forces against the authorities. Electoral frauds led to the crisis of regime legitimacy. In addition, under the influence of different level of information accessibility, public demonstration put the ruling regime into an imminent crisis. Finally, the strategies of mass protest and the incumbents' decisions resulted in regime change.


Combining with current GB 50011-2010 Building Seismic Design Norms,the paper analyzes the seismic design concept of the joint in detail,summarizes the overall design,partial design and material plasticity performance,and local stability and other aspects,and makes an illustration with examples,with a view to promote relevant application and scientific research.


The Argument The inclusion of an item within a theory may be essential or accidental, and if the former then the explanation of its meaning and of its inclusion in the theory cannot be by accidental events and circumstances. Since all events and circumstances – be they social, political, religious, psychological, etc. – are accidental vis-à-vis the ideas they occasion, they cannot serve as explanation of these ideas. The only way to explain the ideas is by showing their essentiality to the theory rather than their importance to the people. Thus, the place of spirits and souls within seventeenth-century science is explained by Platonic ideology. This demands a concept of nature which is thoroughly efficient causative, and a concept of explanation which is thoroughly informative. This means that theories must explain any given effect by a cause which is separable from it and is conceptually heterogeneous to it. Such a nature and such an explanation are inherently paradoxical and irrational, which explains the preponderance of these traits in seventeenth-century science as created by Kepler, through Galileo and Descartes to Newton. The primary efficient-causal and explanatory agency is force, which is ontically distinct from matter and from the motion it causes in matter. Soul, spirit and active principle are mere variants of force. Thus, their presence in seventeenth-century science is explained only by their being conceptually essential to any Platonic philosophy of nature.


The constitutional reform of 1992 in Cuba was the event that provided the legal framework for the reformulation of the socialist property regime, opening up space to other forms of economic exchange which were prohibited until that time. From that moment on, with the creation of the CUC in 2004, significant transformations began in what concerns the relationship between state and market as distributing agencies of goods and services. In this paper, an ethnographic analysis is presented focusing on monetary exchanges and the new economic formations in the Cuban society in 2014, to examine their incidence in the administration of the domestic unit in everyday life. It is intended to make a contribution to the anthropological studies on multicentre economics, integrating the concept of economic spheres originated in studies on peoples of Subsaharan Africa, with those of tactic and strategy of Michel de Certeau, to make the relationship between different and complementary logics that coexist in Cuban society visible.


The main purpose of this article is to discuss various phenomena occurring in the recently published edition of a new version of the Gospel of Matthew. The manuscript belongs to the Schoyen Collection, Oslo (MS 2650) and is written in the Middle-Egyptian (Oxyrhynchitic/Mesokemic) dialect of the Coptic language. Nucleus of the discussion are Schenke's two credos: (1.) The text of the new Middle-Egyptian version of the Gospel of Matthew and the Greek standard version of the Gospel of Matthew cannot depend on one another. (2.) There must, however, be some link between this new version and the Hebrew (or otherwise Semitic) Gospel of Matthew of the early Jewish Christians which is cited by Hieronymus and others. Furthermore, the article makes some remarks on the linguistic milieu of the language of this particular manuscript which is not only an important document for our knowledge of the Middle-Egyptian dialect but also for the textual criticism of the New Testament.


Novel immune photoluminescent biosensor, based on TiO2 nanoparticles, for retroviral leucosis detection has been developed. The photoluminescence spectra were excited by solid state laser with wavelength 355 nm and measured in the range of 370-800 nm. Original photoluminescence spectrum of TiO2 nanoparticles showed wide maximum at 515 nm. The biosensitive layer was formed by immobilization of retroviral leucosis antigens on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles. Immobilization of antigens on TiO2 surface led to UV-shift of photoluminescence spectrum and increase of PL intensity. The response to different concentrations of retroviral leucosis antibodies has been measured. The decrease of spectrum intensity and IR-shift were observed after antibodies adsorption on biosensor surface. The experimental dependences of maximum shift and intensity changes versus antibodies concentration were obtained.


Heat-strengthened rails of the R65 type are the main type of rails used on the railway network of Russian Railways. Reducing the number of cropped and acutely defective rails is possible due to the rational use of the design features of intermediate rail fasteners and their current content.The article presents study results of the stiffness influence of intermediate fasteners on the operational durability of rails. The general statistics of the use of various types of intermediate rail fastenings on the network of Russian railways is considered. The main results of previously published studies on the effect of the stiffness of intermediate rail fasteners on the accumulation of contact fatigue damage in rails are briefly presented.Calculations of the accumulation of contact-fatigue damages in rails, carried out by the authors, are based on the data on the vertical and horizontal transverse stiffness of intermediate rail fastenings obtained from the results of bench tests. Calculations of the accumulation of contact-fatigue damage were carried out using the "Universal Mechanism" software package. In the process of modeling, four types of intermediate rail fasteners were considered: ARS-4, ZhBR-65Sh, ZhBR-65PShM and W-30. Calculation results were obtained for a curve with a radius of 650 m on a continuous welded track section.


Sentiment search is clearly abstract cornerstone and essential administer in identifying user's importance preferences. To get the quality of the product, position in evaluations is precondition. Normally, if item's studys express constructive idea, the produce perhaps with bigger rating to some populous qualification. By analyzing the user considerations, their sentiments suggest unique experts to some target user in agreement the user culture. LDA is truly a Bayesian approach represented particularly to create the unification of studies, topics and discussions. In this paper, we have discussed about various machine learning tools and techniques for the better understanding of the concepts and efficient processing of sentiments from the huge data sets.


The stereoregularity of polystyrenes (PS's) obtained by γ-ray and UV light irradiation was determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the mechanism of polymerization was discussed. PS's obtained by 60Co γ-ray irradiation in bulk, methylene chloride and carbon tetrachloride at 0°C showed bimodal molecular weight distributions. The stereoregularity expressed by the fraction of racemic dyads in the high molecular weight portions and the low molecular weight ones separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) was 66 – 67% and 71%, respectively. The results indicate that the former portions are formed by a cationic mechanism and the latter by a radical mechanism. It was also confirmed that the polymerization by UV light irradiation with pyromellitic dianhydride (1,2:4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride) as an electron acceptor propagates by a cationic mechanism in polar solvents and by a radical mechanism in the bulk.


urethane foam component systems on a smaller, less costly, more efficient scale. The purpose of presenting this paper is to share this methodology with manufacturers and raw material suppliers of the polyurethane foam industry. After a discussion of the reasons behind using a small scale laboratory evaluation and the benefits its users can realize, detailed design, procedural and test methodology will be elaborated and discussed. This discussion will be followed by illustrated examples of how this laboratory procedure has been used.


Estimates of long‐term survival for patients with thin (≤ 1 mm) primary cutaneous melanomas vary widely. Two separate methods were used to study the survival of patients with melanoma from New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and from the Sydney Melanoma Unit (SMU).


Abstract This paper examines the use of language in stage demonstrations of mediumship in secular contexts, such as in civic halls or hotel conference/function rooms. Focusing on demonstrations by one of the UK's leading mediums, we examine how the organization of the introduction to the demonstration works to establish a set of inferential preconditions in the audience: tacit expectations and norms which shape the audience's interpretation of subsequent events and participation in such a way as to enhance the sense that spirit communication is occurring and which, therefore, favourably dispose the audience to the reality of the medium's purported mediumship powers. In this, our study explores some properties of the discursive, rhetorical, and performative underpinnings of demonstration of mediumship and interaction with the spirits.


The unsteady flow field generated by rotating rows of perforated plates and airfoil cascades is mathematically split into vortical and potential components using two methods, one relying entirely on velocity data and the other utilizing both velocity and unsteady static pressure data. The propagation and decay of these split flow perturbations are then examined and compared to linear theory predictions. The perforated plate gusts closely resemble linear theory vortical gusts. Both splitting methods indicate that they are dominantly vortical gusts with insignificant unsteady static pressure perturbations. The airfoil gusts resemble linear theory combined vortical and potential gusts. The recombined airfoil gusts using the vortical and potential components calculated by the method using only unsteady velocity data do not necessarily resemble the measured gusts, nor do they behave axially as predicted by linear theory


A serological test for the assay of Neisseria antibody would be a valuable asset in the study of neisserial infections. Such a test, using bentonite particles sensitized with phenol-extracted and a...


In this work we present a set-oriented path following method for the computation of relative global attractors of parameter-dependent dynamical systems. We start with an initial approximation of the relative global attractor for a fixed parameter $\lambda_0$ computed by a set-oriented subdivision method. By using previously obtained approximations of the parameter-dependent relative global attractor we can track it with respect to a one-dimensional parameter $\lambda > \lambda_0$ without restarting the whole subdivision procedure. We illustrate the feasibility of the set-oriented path following method by exploring the dynamics in models for shear flows during the transition to turbulence.


A several of rubber bar magnet for DC micro-motor is discussed in this paper.And engineering tests is introduced which are needed in production of rubber bar magnets and micro-motors.


George Berkeley is famous for the metaphysical principle esse is percipi or percipere ("to be is to be perceived or to be a perceiver"). Many Berkeleyan idealists take this principle to be incompatible with Platonic realism about abstract objects, and thus opt either for nominalism or divine conceptualism on which they are construed as divine ideas. In this paper, I argue that Berkeleyan idealism is consistent with a Platonic realism in which abstracta exist outside the divine mind. This allows the Berkeleyan to expand Berkeley's principle to read: esse is percipi or percipere or abstractum.


This article explores the role of environmental-labor coalitions in creating opportunities to promote green jobs and to shape climate change policies. The development of a green economy is critical for combating climate change, as well as for addressing rising unemployment and the expansion of precarious work. My research is based on a qualitative study of environmental-labor coalitions in California, United States, and British Columbia, Canada, including fifty-six in-depth digitally recorded interviews with environmental and labor movement leaders and policymakers. The findings point to the importance of three key mechanisms that shape the success of these coalitions: (1) drawing on the strength of organizational diversity, (2) fostering relationships of trust that allow organizations to adopt flexible ideologies, make concessions and tradeoffs, and create hybrid identities, and (3) frame bridging by local social justice organizations to mitigate conflict between environmental and labor movements.


Research suggests that, in clinical samples, body image disturbances are related to severe eating disorders and problems with self-concept and self-esteem. There have been relatively few studies, however, which have empirically investigated the relation between body image and personality characteristics among normal women. This study investigated the correlation between the attitudinal and perceptual components of body image and self-esteem in a sample of 56 normal weight female undergraduates with no history of an eating disorder. Subjects completed the Personal and Academic Self-Concept Inventory and the Body Parts Satisfaction Questionnaire. Perceptual body image was measured with the Adjustable Light Baam Apparatus and with the Image Marking Procedure. The results revealed that the attitudinal component of body image, but not the perceptual component, was significantly correlated with overall self-esteem and the physical appearance aspect of self-esteem. A significant correlation between the physical appearance dimension of self-esteem and global self-esteem was also found. This latter finding was consistent with findiiegs obtained with eating disordered women. Findings have important implications for the role of physical self esteem in prevention, treatment, and theories of etio)ogy of the eating disorders. (NB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EARS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************************* Body Image and Self-Esteem in Normal Weight Women Alice A. Gleghorn, Ph.D. University of California, San Diego Department of Psychiatry Louis A. Penner, Ph.D. University of South ilorida Department of Psychology Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, 1989. U.8. DEPARTMENT OF EAICATION Office of Educational Research and impreaent EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originiting it LI Minor chants have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinioncatated in Ihia &cu. merit do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. BEST COPY AVAILABLE "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL. HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Aluie A. Glegi)orr) TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."


Microwave methods require some sort of calibration before physical (thickness, flaw, etc.) and electrical (permittivity, permeability, etc.) measurements of materials. It is always attractive to devise a method which not only eliminates this necessity but also saves time before measurements. Microwave calibration-independent measurements can be utilized for this goal. However, in the literature, these measurements are only applied for electrical measurements of materials. In this research paper, we investigate the performance of microwave calibration-independent measurements for thickness evaluation of dielectric materials to increase the potential of available microwave techniques for thickness evaluation of dielectric materials. We derive an explicit expression for thickness estimation of dielectric materials from calibration-independent measurements for the adopted calibration-independent technique. We also propose a criterion for increasing the performance of measurements. We conducted thickness measurements of six dielectric specimens with different lengths to validate the derived expressions and the proposed criterion for thickness measurements.


(57) Abstract: One or more apertures drug administration end waited circle having a (26) (21) and the gripping end has a (22), among the base end portion of the tubular body (proximal) tubular body sides defining a reservoir for medicament (20); comprises a rod (31) and gripping means (33), the plunger (30) housed in the tubular body portion to the original; inner surface of the tubular body located in sealed contact with the piston (40) to provide a sealed state in the drug reservoir, wherein said piston has a longitudinal bore of the plunger rod (31) is disposed through, further the piston is initially when the user receives an applicator in contact with the upper stop means (25); opening of the drug administration end; coupling means between the rod (31) and the piston (40) blocked by seal (26) sealing means; consisting semisolid A applicator for sexual agent, said plunger (30) is a tubular body grounds can pull it rod (31) is a piston (40) into engagement with the coupling means, then, openings (26 ) in order to release the drug through the plunger and the piston along the tubular body together move in the direction of drug administration end (21), further projections stopping means (25) to the inner surface of the tubular body It said applicator, characterized in that provided in the form of.


We investigate the transport of electrons through a double-barrier resonant-tunneling structure in the regime where the current-voltage characteristics exhibit bistability. In this regime one of the states is metastable, and the system eventually switches from it to the stable state. We show that the mean switching time $\ensuremath{\tau}$ grows exponentially as the voltage V across the device is tuned from the boundary value ${V}_{\mathrm{th}}$ into the bistable region. In samples of small area we find $\mathrm{ln}\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\propto}|V\ensuremath{-}{V}_{\mathrm{th}}{|}^{3/2},$ while in larger samples $\mathrm{ln}\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\propto}|V\ensuremath{-}{V}_{\mathrm{th}}|.$


Sorption and diffusion of water and methanol in polydimethylsiloxane and a series of PEBAX™ copolymers (polyether block amide copolymers) were measured over a wide range of activities near room temperature. The goal was to identify a membrane material for separation of the hazardous air pollutant methanol from wet air streams in the pulp and paper industry. The PEBAX™ copolymer series used here allows a unique insight into transport of small molecules, because solubilities are virtually constant, while diffusion coefficients vary. This is due to the similar chemical structure, but different chain mobility of the homopolymers. The grade PEBAX™ 2533 is most promising for the separation process due to high solubility and diffusivity. The unwanted simultaneous highly selective separation of methanol and water from the targeted air/vapor streams will be addressed in future work. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 1983–1993, 1997


Both total knee angioplasty (TKA) and total hip angioplasty (THA) may be carried out under general anesthesia, however, many surgeons prefer to perform the surgery under regional anesthesia due to the profound preemptive analgesic effects which are provided by the regional aesthetic techniques. Both centroneuraxis which includes spinal and epidural as well as peripheral nerve blocks are used for TKA and THA. Even though the former is used less frequently mainly in both TKA and THA due to the increased administration of low molecular heparins mainly with the resultant epidural hematoma formation, the latter is enjoyed more popularly. In this paper, we will discuss the use of peripheral nerve blocks for both TKA and THA. In addition, the surgery also includes use of femoral/sciatic nerve blocks as well as intra‐articular injection of the local anesthetics or even opioids at the knee and hip joints. They are mostly devoid of any extensive sympathectomy and helps in providing sufficient surgical analgesia along with a motor nerve block. Conclusively, this meta‐study is to analyze the fundamental pros and cons of perioperative anesthesia for both TKA and THA.


In the past, intra-hospital communication during disaster incidents relied heavily on pagers, phones or direct verbal communication. Other communication channels may include facsimile transmission, email and "walkie-talkie". There was often delay or inadequacy of information dissemination. This article introduces the "News Board for Emergency Incidents" recently launched in our hospital intranet as an efficient communication channel to convey up-to-date information to other hospital staff during major incidents. The background and process of development of this new communication modality is discussed. We also try to explore possible future development of such "news board" via intranet broadcast.


Michael McKinsey [5] has provided a general argument for the claim that any version of anti-individualism is incompatible with the Principle of Privileged Access, viz. the principle that each subject can know his thought contents without having undertaken an empirical investigation. McKinsey applies the term 'a priori' to knowledge that is obtained independently of empirical investigation. This use of 'a priori' is not entirely happy,1 but I will follow McKinsey's terminology in this paper. The structure of McKinsey's argument is as follows. According to anti-individualism, the environment of a subject partly individuates some of his thought contents. A subject need not know the conditions which individuate his thoughts in order to have those thoughts. However, a subject who knows the arguments for anti-individualism may know a priori that if he has a certain thought content, then certain environmental conditions obtain. A subject could use this philosophical knowledge and his a priori knowledge of his thought contents to gain by inference the a priori knowledge that those environmental conditions obtain. However, it is plausible that a subject cannot have a priori knowledge of the way his environment is. So, it seems that anti-individualism and the Principle of Privileged Access are incompatible. McKinsey [5] argues that Burgian anti-individualism, in particular, is incompatible with the Principle of Privileged Access. McKinsey claims, and I agree, that Burge is committed to the following three propositions:


This is a brief introduction to some basic techniques and vectors of gene therapy and some trends were involved in this field. The emphasis of this introduction is laid on the present application research of gene therapy in nervous system dieseases.


Balanophora coralliformis Barcelona, Tandang & Pelser is described as a new species of Balanophoraceae. It is unique in its coral-like appearance due to the repeated branching of elongated, above-ground tubers and their coarse texture. It most closely resembles B. papuana in details of the staminate inflorescence and is sympatric with this species at its only known site in the montane forest of Mt. Mingan, bordering Aurora and Nueva Ecija provinces, Luzon, Philippines.


This paper proposes a new method of CAVLC (Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding) encoder design. To achieve best hardware utilization, this function is divided into 8 parts: Stage1, nCBuffer, LevelBuffer, writeSE_LEVEL_VLC, writeSE_Total0, writeSE_0Run, Mux_5to1, and OutputUnit. The memory cost is fewer with smaller buffer and carefully reduced lookup tables.
Besides, the two-stage pipelined structure improves the data throughput. Thus, this design is suitable for the real-time H.264/AVC video encoding/decoding on digital cameras.


The concentration of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) increases during physical exercise, but until recently the cellular origin of this increase has been unknown. Recent work has identified that skeletal muscle is a major source of this increase and the release of IL-6 from muscle can mediate metabolic processes. IL-6 is, therefore, the first identified "myokine" released from muscle that can now be termed an endocrine organ.


Introduction: The gel‐like properties of mucus depend primarily on its content of mucins. The protein backbones of mucins are encoded by mucin genes. Of the currently known 20 mucin genes that encode protein backbone of mucins, 16 have been identified in the airways.


Mountains cover roughly one quarter of the Earth's land surface and have become known as the planet's water towers because they produce a surplus of water that is transported to neighbouring lowlands via alpine watersheds and vast river systems. The dominant source of water in the mountains is often snow, therefore, regional snowpack monitoring is important in hydrological studies and climate change. However, data used for these applications are often point-based and sparse, particularly in remote, inaccessible, rugged mountainous terrain where the hydrological and environmental gradients and variability are often the greatest. Therefore spatially explicit indicators over large areas are sought to augment detailed field investigations. In this paper, we present a series of high spatial resolution (25m) topographic and climatic (topoclimatic) indices derived for the Brown Creek Watershed in the Front Range of the Alberta Rocky Mountains as part of a broader study to support regional-scale snowpack and water availability estimates. Using geomorphometric derivatives from a digital elevation model (DEM) and topoclimatic factors derived from climate station and other data, a series of indices are presented that are related to precipitation, wind, snow, solar radiation, and temperature. These topoclimatic indices represent useful, first-order bulk estimates of individual key factors operating over different scales that collectively are related to major components of the hydrological cycle and the distribution of moisture in the region. This is a distinct improvement over simple interpolation of point-based field data owing to the incorporation of explicit spatial variability in spectral response, surface morphometry and terrain derivatives.


This thesis reports the synthesis and structural characteristics of solid solutions derived from KTP,KTiOPO 4 (space group Pn2 la , Z=8, a =12.814(6)A, b =10.616(5)A, c = 6.404(2)A) with substitution of K by Na and Rb; Ti by Sn, Ge and Cr; and P by As. The KTiOPO 4 structure contains two formula units per asymmetric unit and hence two crystallographically distinct K, Ti and P sites. This makes substituent ordering possible with selective modification of the nonlinear optical properties. K 0.5 Na 0.5 TiOPO 4 , (occupancy K(1):96(7)%Na, K(2):105(8)%K) was characterised by Rietveld analysis of combined time-of-flight (TOP) neutron and X-ray powder diffraction, the X-ray diffraction data being required to distinguish between K and Na. Constant wavelength neutron powder diffraction data were used to refine the Na 0.5 Rb 0.5 TiOPO 4 structure (K(1):97(3)%Na, K(2):96(3)%Rb). The cations in both these materials were fully ordered over the two possible K sites, while in K 0.5 Rb 0.5 TiOPO 4 (K(1):71(2)%K, K(2):71(2)%Rb) the cation distribution, determined from a TOP neutron powder diffraction study, was only partially ordered. A single crystal X-ray diffraction study of an ion-exchanged K 1-x Na x TiOPO 4 sample (x=0.58), confirmed that the cation distribution observed in the powder diffraction analysis was also present after ion-exchange at lower temperatures (350°C), (K(1):93.3(1)%Na, K(2):77.3(7)%K). An ion-exchanged crystal that had been annealed at a temperature closer to the KTiOPO 4 synthesis temperature gave almost identical results (K(1):94.4(6)%Na,K(2):81.0(4)%K). Substitution for Ti by Sn or Ge gave rise to only partial ordering. The structures of KTi 0.5 Sn 0.5 OPO 4 (Ti(1):63.9%Ti, Ti(2):64.6(5)%Sn) and KTi 0.5 Ge 0.5 OPO 4 (Ti(1):76.7(4)%Ti, Ti(2):66.1(5)%Ge) were determined through combined analysis of X-ray and TOP neutron powder diffraction data. The X-ray data were required to define the Ti(1) site as the average weighted neutron scattering length was approximately zero. An apparently random distribution of As over the two P sites was demonstrated by time-of-flight powder neutron diffraction from KTiOP 0.5 As 0.5 O 4 (P(1):56(1)%P, P(2):56(1)%As). Measurements on KTiOP As x O 4 powders indicated that the Nd:YAG second harmonic intensity increased with As. The structures of RbTi 0.5 Sn 0.5 OPO 4 and RbTiOP 0.5 As 0.5 O 4 were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction and showed similar ordering to the K isomorphs. Simultaneous substitution for both K and Ti was investigated by Rietveld analysis of combined X-ray and TOP neutron powder diffraction data on K 0.5 Na 0.5 Ti 0.5 Sn 0.5 OPO 4 (K(1):73(4.)%Na,Ti(1):66.9(3)%Ti), Na 0.5 Rb 0.5 Ti 0.5 Sn 0.5 OPO 4 (K(1):54(2)%Rb, Ti(1):67.0(5)%Ti), K 0.5 Rb 0.5 Ti 0.5 Sn 0.5 OPO 4 (K(1):77(1)%K, Ti(1):66.1(3)%Ti) and K 0.5 Rb 0.5 SnOPO 4 (K(1):64(2)%K). Cr-doped materials were studied by single crystal X-ray and TOP neutron powder diffraction. Doping a small quantity of Cr into KTP produced the KTi. 95 Cr. 05 OPO 4 isomorph, (3.2(6)%Cr on both Ti sites). Substitution of a larger amount of Cr produced K 1.8 Ti 1.2 Cr. 8 (PO 4 ) 3 , (space group P2 l 3 , a=9.7902(1)A, Ti(1):69.4(6)%Ti, Ti(2):54.9(6)%Ti) isomorphous with Langbeinite. Magnetic measurements using a SQUID susceptometer found a value for the moment consistent with Cr(III).


Teacher education universities and schools have traditionally been the main sites of teacher learning in Vietnam. This relationship is the key in the process national curriculum innovation. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between teacher education universities and schools in Vietnam, in regard to partnering for the delivery of teacher education adapting national curriculum innovation in Vietnam. Data will be collected through questions involving 243 participants comprising student teachers, university lecturers and mentors. The result of this paper also uses semi-structured interviews to draw conclusions. The findings show that there is a model for teacher education universities - schools cooperation in teacher preparation. However, the partnership is limited by such factors such as planning, mentoring, practicum, teacher education universities visits to schools, communication and inconsistencies that seemed to characters the relationship. The findings suggest that the partnership between pedagogy universities and schools can be enhanced by recognizing the interdependent nature of the relationship, the diversification of areas of universities - schools joint activity, and increased closely conversations between the partners about problems which are suitable to the arrangement. The result of the research may provide insights into factors that focus on undermining the effectiveness of partnerships, as well as the implications of these for the professional development of prospective teachers.


This study was designed to determine the maximum replacing levels of Fish Meal protein (FM) by a mixture of oil seeds mealprotein (OSM) in five ration for Nile tilapia and Grey mullet. The OSM consisted of cottonseed, sunflower, canola and linseed meals. FM in the basal diet was replaced by OSM in the ration at replacing levels of (control) 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. A total number of 60 fingerlings; 40 of Oreochromis niloticus monosex and 20Mugil cephalus per hapa (3*8*1 m-2.5/m) were randomly distributed into five treatments, each in two replicates. After 6 months of feeding, replacement of 50% of FM by OSM for Nile tilapia and 25% for grey mullet did not significantly affected Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Crude Protein (CP) and Ether Extract (EE), while the highest replacing levels (75 or 100%) significantly (P<0.05) reduced these parameters. Growth parameters were relatively parallel to those of FCR and PER whereas, replacement up to 50% exhibited Body Weight (BW), Body Length (BL), Weight Gain (WG) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) not differing significantly (P<0.05) from the fish fed control diet. Compared to control, increasing OSM in the ration significantly reduced Hemoglobin, Hematocrit and the activity of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST). The incorporation of OSM in ration did not significantly affect whole-body Dry Matter (DM) and Crude Protein (CP). Based on results obtained in this study and on the economical evaluation, it could be concluded that, replacement of FM by OSM up to 50% in tilapia ration but 25% in mullet ration reduced feed costs/kg diet.


Climate has an important influence on the travel decisions of tourists. This paper reviews the distinct lines of inquiry that have been used to examine the influence of climate on tourist decision making, and attempts to define optimal climatic conditions for tourism. The study examined tourist perceptions of optimal climatic conditions (for temperature, sunshine, wind) and the relative importance of 4 climatic parameters (temperature, precipitation, sunshine, wind) in 3 major tourism environments (beach-coastal, urban, mountains). A survey instrument was administered to university students (n = 831) representing the young-adult travel segment, in 3 countries (Canada, New Zealand, Sweden). Three salient findings include: significant variation in the perceived optimum cli- matic conditions for the 3 major tourism environments, differences in the relative importance of the 4 climatic parameters in the 3 tourism environments, and similarities as well as differences in the cli- matic preferences of respondents from the 3 nations. These findings have several implications for the literature on climate and tourism, including the development of climate indices for tourism, des- tination choice and travel pattern modelling, and climate change impact assessments. When applied to a broader cross-cultural sample of tourist segments, the present approach could potentially reveal the complexities of tourist preferences for climate.


Controlling the False Discovery Rate (FDR) in a variable selection procedure is critical for reproducible discoveries, and it has been extensively studied in sparse linear models. However, it remains largely open in scenarios where the sparsity constraint is not directly imposed on the parameters but on a linear transformation of the parameters to be estimated. Examples of such scenarios include total variations, wavelet transforms, fused LASSO, and trend filtering. In this paper, we propose a data-adaptive FDR control method, called the Split Knockoff method, for this transformational sparsity setting. The proposed method exploits both variable and data splitting. The linear transformation constraint is relaxed to its Euclidean proximity in a lifted parameter space, which yields an orthogonal design that enables the orthogonal Split Knockoff construction. To overcome the challenge that exchangeability fails due to the heterogeneous noise brought by the transformation, new inverse supermartingale structures are developed via data splitting for provable FDR control without sacrificing power. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed methodology achieves the desired FDR and power. We also provide an application to Alzheimer's Disease study, where atrophy brain regions and their abnormal connections can be discovered based on a structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging dataset (ADNI).


During FY'92, the NASA Code RS System Analysis RTOP funded a study to evaluate the potential impact of emerging microtechnologies on future space missions. As part of this study, a workshop,.


Sometimes people seem to continue investing after they realize that the investment turns out to be a failure. Usually, the investor can minimize the loss by stopping the investment as soon as they realize that it would be unprofitable. This phenomenon is explained in this paper with the assumption that the investor concerns about his reputation and other future opportunities. In this model we can also see how the investor's concern on his reputation may change his decision making on the current investment.


In this work we study modifications of the non-classical models of thermoelasticity, the one proposed Green and Lindsay and the one stated by Lord and Shulman, to two-temperature setting. We prove uniqueness results for the solutions of the systems of equations that model both theories for isotropic material. We also provide growth estimates for the solutions.


There is a strong focus on experience in many Australian churches. Much of the emphasis in youth worship is on the provision of environments which will generate positive experiences for young people. In educational contexts, youth ministry seeks to help young people to interpret the experiences of daily life in terms of the activity of God in their lives. This article explores these experiences and how young people have explained them to us.


Cosensitization effects of polyphenylene compounds (PP) such as biphenyl (BP), terphenyls (o-, m-, p-TP), and phenanthrene (Phen) in photoinduced electron-transfer reactions were examined. The 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA)-sensitized cis−trans photoisomerization of 1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)cyclopropane (CP), which proceeds in a chain reaction via free radical cation of CP (CP•+) as a chain carrier, was accelerated by adding PP, particularly by TP. A similar accelerating effect was observed in the DCA-sensitized photooxygenation of CP as another example. BP and TP were more stable under the oxygenation condition than phenanthrene and naphthalene, which also accelerate the photooxygenation CP. CP•+ is generated by the direct electron transfer from CP to the excited singlet state of DCA (1DCA*) and also by the secondary electron transfer from CP to PP•+, which is generated by the primary electron transfer from PP to 1DCA*. The laser flash photolysis study revealed that the quantum yield for the formation of fr...