Subjective classification of galaxies can mislead us in the quest of the origin regarding formation and evolution of galaxies since this is necessarily limited to a few features. The human mind is not able to apprehend the complex correlations in a manyfold parameter space, and multivariate analyses are the best tools to understand the differences among various kinds of objects. In this series of papers, an objective classification of 362,923 galaxies from the Value Added Galaxy Catalogue (VAGC) is carried out with the help of two methods of multivariate analysis. First, Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is used to determine a set of derived independent components that are linear combinations of 47 observed features (viz. ionized lines, Lick indices, photometric and morphological properties, star formation rates etc.) of the galaxies. Subsequently, a K-means cluster analysis is applied on the nine independent components to obtain ten distinct and homogeneous groups. In this first paper, we describe the methods and the main results. It appears that the nine Independent Components represent a complete physical description of galaxies (velocity dispersion, ionisation, metallicity, surface brightness and structure). We find that our ten groups can be essentially placed into traditional and empirical classes (from colour-magnitude and emission-line diagnostic diagrams, earlyvs late-types) despite the classical corresponding features (colour, line ratios and morphology) being not significantly correlated with the nine Independent Components. More detailed physical interpretation of the groups will be performed in subsequent papers.


The performance characteristics of a modified FED to sulfur compounds were investigated. A.movable mask was incorporated in the detector to study the influence of gas parameters and flame structure on the Sg emission. A burner tip with a smaller bore diameter than the conventional burner was constructed with the intent of improving detector performance. The study indicated that the Sg emission intensity.may be massflow sensitive with respect to the flame-gases and that the position of maximum Sg emission in the flame changes with total flow. The greatest sulfur response and .sensitivity are obtained when the detector is oper ated at the highest total flow possible but well below the blow-out limit for flame stability. Also 9 operating the detector with the smaller burner at the lowest Eg flow and Og/(Ng + Og) ratio as possible yields the greatest response and sensitivity in the range of low Og/Hg ratios and high Ng + Og flows. The smaller burner9 relative to the conventional burner9 greatly enhances response and sensitivity at low total flows. The response factors of several sulfur compounds containing different sulfur bond configurations were investigated. The study in dicated that similar response-concentration characteristics are obtained when the detector is operated at the optimum gas condition of the par ticular compound. Also, the response factors were found to be very dependent on the gas composition.


We study the role of different collective degrees of freedom in spontaneous fission process of even--even Fm isotopes. To find a proper collective space we examine a reach collection of nuclear shape parameters $\{\beta_{\lambda}\}$, with $\lambda$=2,3,4,5,6 and 8; as well as the paring degrees of freedom i.e. proton $\Delta_{p}$ and neutron $\Delta_{n}$ pairing gaps. On the basis of the multidimensional dynamic--programming method (MDPM) the optimal collective space $\{\beta_{2}, \beta_{4}, \beta_{6}, \Delta_{p}, \Delta_{n}\}$ for Fm isotopes was found.


In this paper we deal with propositional fuzzy formulae containing several propositional symbols linked with connectives defined in a lattice of truth degrees more complex than Bool. We firstly recall an SMT (Satisfiability Modulo Theories) based method for automatically proving theorems in relevant infinitely valued (including Łukasiewicz and G¨odel) logics. Next, instead of focusing on satisfiability (i.e., proving the existence of at least one model) or unsatisfiability, our interest moves to the problem of finding the whole set of models (with a finite domain) for a given fuzzy formula. We propose an alternative method based on fuzzy logic programming where the formula is conceived as a goal whose derivation tree contains on its leaves all the models of the original formula, by exhaustively interpreting each propositional symbol in all the possible forms according the whole set of values collected on the underlying lattice of truth-degrees.


1 Introduction James Conklin & George F. Hayhoe 2 Qualitative Research in Technical Communication: Issues of Value, Identity, and Use Patricia Sullivan & Rachel Spilka 3 Evaluating Qualitative Inquiry in Technical and Scientific Communication: Toward a Practical and Dialogic Validity Ann M. Blakeslee, Caroline M. Cole, & Theresa Conefrey 4 The Future of Technical Communication: How Innovation, Technology, Information Management, and Other Forces Are Shaping the Future of the Profession Barbara Giammona 5 Modeling Information for Three-dimensional Space: Lessons Learned from Museum Exhibit Design Saul Carliner 6 Toward a Meaningful Model of Technical Communication Hillary Hart & James Conklin 7 The Role of Rhetorical Invention for Visuals: A Qualitative Study of Technical Communicators in the Workplace Tiffany Craft Portewig 8 A Work in Process: A Study of Single-source Documentation and Document Review Processes of Cardiac Devices Lee-Ann Kastman Breuch 9 A Call for New Courses to Train Scientists as Effective Communicators in Contemporary Government and Business Settings Scott A. Mogull 10 Proceeding with Caution: A Case Study of Engineering Professionals Reading White Papers Russell Willerton 11 Using Web 2.0 to Conduct Qualitative Research: A Conceptual Model Christopher Thacker & David Dayton 12 Heuristic Web Site Evaluation: Exploring the Effects of Guidelines on Experts' Detection of Usability Problems Marieke Donker-Kuijer, Menno de Jong, and Leo Lentz 13 Making and Acting: Ethnographi Development of a Case Study Approach Thomas Vosecky, Marika Seigel, & Charles Wallace 14 Integrating Experts and Non-Experts in Mathematical Sciences Research Teams: A Qualitative Approach Linda Phillips Driskill & Julie Zeleznik Watts 15 Team Learning in Usability Testing Michael Hughes & Tom Reeves 16 Qualitative Research in Technical Communication: A Review of Articles Published from 2003 to 2007 Debbie Davy & Christina Valecillos 17 Conclusion George F. Hayhoe & James Conklin


The effect of rotational diffusion on the metal hyperfine multiplets in the e.s.r. spectra of ion pairs and cationic ion triplets of alkali metal cations and aromatic radical anions is investigated theoretically. The triple ion of lithium and pyrazine is chosen as a model system; the broadening parameters are calculated for various structures of the triple ion. The results indicate that the anisotropic lithium hyperfine dipolar couplings, being modulated simultaneously with the anisotropic g-tensor, produce high-field broadening of the lithium septet, irrespective of the positions of the cations. Furthermore, it is concluded that there is no triple ion structure for which all the lithium broadening parameters vanish. Finally it is found that the calculated parameters are very small. In general, the anisotropy of the alkali hyperfine coupling in ion pairs and triple ions will be insufficient to account for the linewidth variations observed in these systems.


Objective :Sum up methods of speech recover for pa ti ents wit functional voice disorder.Method :Across to profession enhances trainin g and family and community recover ,26 patients were given speech recover traini ng.Result ;After 12-24 mothes of using the method,14 patients with light speech functional were remarkable recover,there were 8 patients speaking were basicall y clear in 12 patients with serious .only 4 patients have sound obstacle with to ngue-tied sound. Conclusion:parents and relatives make use of knowledge and meth ods of profession training to help children improve their speech training in eve ry chance with children.


The invention relates to a panoramic ultrasonic side wall detector which comprises a winch, wherein the winch is equipped with a variable frequency master control device, a motor and a cable arraying mechanism; the cable arraying mechanism is provided with a cable; one end of the cable is connected with a measurement and control computer; the other end of the cable is connected with a probe; the probe comprises a probe housing and an ultrasonic sensor; the probe housing is movably connected with the ultrasonic sensor; and a stepping motor is arranged in the probe housing, and connected with the ultrasonic sensor by a shaft. The panoramic ultrasonic side wall detector adopts the stepping motor for rotary detection, and can obtain detailed information of a 360-degree direction of a side wall; computed side wall parameters are more scientific and real; three-dimensional display can be conducted on a shape and a material of the side wall; and a position and a size of a defect of the side wall can be observed visually.


Trap levels in nominally undoped Ga2SeS layered crystals have been characterized by thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurements. During the measurements, current was allowed to flow along the c-axis of the crystals in the temperature range of 10–300 K. Two distinct TSC peaks were observed in the spectra, deconvolution of which yielded three peaks. The results are analyzed by curve fitting, peak shape and initial rise methods. They all seem to be in good agreement with each other. The activation energies of three trapping centers in Ga2SeS are found to be 72, 100 and 150 meV. The capture cross section of these traps are 6.7!10, 1.8!10 and 2.8!10 cm with concentrations of 1.3!10, 5.4!10 and 4.2!10 cm, respectively. q 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. PACS: 77.20.Jv; 71.55.KI; 72.80.Jc


An X-ray crystallographic analysis of zinc(@ monoglycerolate has been carried out. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P2Jc with a 8.110(1), b 6.404(1), c 8.714(2)& B 93.44(1)". The structure was refined by full-matrix least-squares techniques to an R factor (on 519 F) of 0.019. The analysis reveals that the zinc atoms bridge the glycerolate molecules forming polymeric sheets lying parallel to the bc plane. Only aliphatic hydrogens are disposed into the space between the layers, a fact consistent with the lubricity and hydrophobic nature of the solid complex and the observed facile lamellar cleavage perpendicular to the a axis.


Longhu Diggings is one of the most important potash deposits in Khorat Plateau,Laos,ZK309 hole is one of the most representative holes in this area,it is a perfect penetrated drilling where we have got complete mud rock samples.In light of analysing the upper clasolite strata,minerals and elements,mudstone as one of the cycle of sedimentation of diagenesis,we concluded that minerals and elements in mudstone are bound up with the type and character of below salt stratum.The changing regularity of saline minerals in vertical direction accord with the depositional environment that change from low salinity to high salinity.The saltation of minerals and elements located in 103~107 metres indicates that the fluid eluviation had taken place during the late consolidation stage of rock salt sedimentation.It is easy to concluse that the fluids were water with low salt content and mixture of little seawater and much freshwater by analysing the minerals and elements.In terms of distributions and contents of and carbonate minerals,we concluded that there were high magnesian fluids,we had the composition of clay minerals of mudstone compared with other facies and land facies basin of China,and concluded it leaning towards sea facies.Additionally,it has more chlorite,we speculated that it may be from ocean environment.


This chapter seeks to understand the context and sequelae of Justus Liebig's model for university research and teaching. This model was arguably the most important single element in the international rise of graduate education and research, not just in chemistry, but more broadly, over the course of the 19th century, in all academic fields. This chapter avoids hagiography by employing an eclectic approach that places emphasis on contingencies of time, place, and discipline, and briefly examines the results of the story not just in Germany, but also in France, Britain, and the United States.


The aims of this study is to examine the effect of profitability, asset structure, and firm size on capital structure. The population in this study is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period 2014 until 2016. The sample collection technique has been carried out by using purposive sampling method and based on the predetermined criteria, 84 companies have been selected as samples. The data of the company's financial statements are obtained from the official website of BEI. This research has been carried out by using multiple linear regressions analysis test which has been performed by using the SPSS statistics test version 16.0. The results of the research shows that profitability had a significant negative effect on capital structure. Assets structure had a significant positive effect on capital structure. While firm size have positive effect is not significant on capital structure. The coefficient of determination of the regression model obtained is 0.061. This shows that all independent variables that affect the dependent variable is 6.1% and the rest of 93.9% influenced by other variables that are not studied.
Keywords: Profitability, Asset Structure, Firm Size, Capital Structure
Lampiran 6 : Hasil Output Data SPSS 16.00


We continue our investigations from [2]. We are going to prove the existence of generalized invariant means to some function spaces which are essentially larger than the space of all bounded functions. Our results are applied to the study of almost approximately additive functions.


In this paper, a tabu search (TS) method is proposed to find a global solution for fuzzy linear programming (FLP). Two additional factors, distribution factor (DF) and similarity factor (SF), are also introduced for TS to enhance the searching performance. The application of DF and SF makes the TS to surf in a larger search space and reduces the possibility of re-searching the visited areas. A simulation is done to show the efficiency of the proposed study.


This paper describes the extremely low crosstalk characteristics of a guided wave structure, buried microstrip line. The analyses with the use of the rectangular boundary division method and FDTD method have revealed that the line structure possesses much lower coupling coefficients than traditional microstrip lines, from -15 dB to -100 dB depending on their burial depth. This line structure is believed to be quite useful for realizing highly integrated microwave and millimeter-wave circuits.<<ETX>>


Botryococcus braunii strain Austin and strain Berkeley cultured under the same conditions contained 27.4 g and 34.0 g of lipids per 100 g of dry alga, respectively. The lipids in the former strain were 25.5% hydrocarbons, 58.8% other nonpolar lipids, and 15.7% polar lipids, and those in the latter strain were 71.6%, 9.2%, and 19.2%, respectively. Distinct differences were also observed in the components of the nonpolar and polar lipids, especially in the latter, between the strains. The fatty acid composition of the nonpolar lipid fraction in Austin strain was unique, oleic acid being 81% of the total acids.


.......................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv The Emotional Response to Social Gaze Is a Domain Specific Cognitive Mechanism ................. 1 Literature Review............................................................................................................................ 2 The Emotional Response to Social Gaze .................................................................................... 2 Social Gaze as a Domain Specific Neurocognitive Mechanism ................................................. 3 Comparing Social Gaze and Self-Gaze ....................................................................................... 4 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................................ 5 Primary Hypotheses .................................................................................................................... 5 Secondary Hypotheses ................................................................................................................ 6 Method ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Participants .................................................................................................................................. 7 Materials ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Procedure .................................................................................................................................... 9 Data Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 10 Results ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Discussion ..................................................................................................................................... 14 References ..................................................................................................................................... 20


Abstract Convective adjustment is studied using results from a two‐dimensional numerical model (of a baroclinic, dry, rotating fluid) that, in contrast to parameterization approaches, uses the full dynamic equations in spectral form to determine interactions among large‐scale quasi‐geostrophic waves and small‐scale eddy ensembles. Both the large‐scale and the small‐scale eddies result from physical instabilities. The spectral formulation has desirable energy propagation and conservation properties, and also has the advantage (not implemented in this early study) of allowing one to determine interactions between different scale eddies without having to represent intermediate scale eddies. The primary results are that: (i) there is a clear spectral gap in interactions affecting largescale eddies and (ii) the large‐scale vertical heat transport by the smallscale eddy ensembles varies significantly with time. This variation appears at least partly associated with ensemble group velocities in a space‐varying l...


A three-factor model of psychological stability is presented. The definition of psychological stability is formulated and its inalienable characteristics are discussed. Three factors of psychological stability are explicated: biological, psychological and social.


A comparison between six models, calculating stress intensity factor (SIF) mode I for central cracked plate with uniform tensile stress, is made in order to select the suitable model. These models are three theoretical models (i.e. classical model) and three numerical models. The three numerical models are half ANSYS model, quarter ANSYS model (finite element method) and weight function model. The geometry of the cracked plate (the width of the plate, the length of the plate and the crack length) and applied stress are the parameters that used to compare between the models. The three theoretical models can recognize the effect of the width of the plate, the crack length and applied stress but they failed to recognize the effect of the length of the plate. The three numerical models are success to recognize the effect of geometry and loading parameters. But the half ANSYS model gives a different response to the variation of the (H/W) ratio and that occurs due to finding the stress intensity factor (SIF) mode II. This leads to select the quarter ANSYS model as a suitable model calculating stress intensity factor (SIF) mode I for central cracked plate with uniform tensile stress.


We described a sacrificial molding for the formation of microfluidic networks. In this molding, the micromolded calcium alginate (Ca-Alg) is introduced as a sacrificial template. The basis of this procedure is fabricating a micromolded Ca-Alg hydrogel and encapsulating this model within a second gel and removing it by ion-exchange to leave a microchannel in the remaining gel. This microfluidic system can readily deliver solutes into the channels and even control the transport of solutes from channels into the bulk of the gels. Furthermore, the perfused vascular channels can sustain the metabolic activity of encapsulated cells, indicating the feasibility of this microfluidic system in the field of tissue engineering.


A technique is experimentally demonstrated which allows for the compensation of the smile of a laser diode bar using a beam transformation system and a telescope array. The beam transformation system consists of a fast-axis collimator and an array of biconvex cylindrical lenses, which rotates each collimated beam by 90°. The telescope array is placed immediately behind and allows to address each emitter independently. The telescope array has two effects that reduce the fast-axis divergence: one is the magnification of the beams by effectively filling out the space between the beams, and the other the compensation of the smile-induced beam pointing by decentering the vertices of the concave entrance lens. In theory, this reduces the fast-axis divergence of a laser diode bar with 1 µm smile (peak-to-valley) from 7 mrad to 3.5 mrad, which would significantly increase the efficiency in fiber coupling applications. It is demonstrated in the experiment that it is possible to couple a full 19-emitter bar in a 100 μm core and 0.22 NA fiber with an overall fiber coupling efficiency of more than 75%. The telescope array is designed to be used with different, but similar smile forms. It is shown that slightly different smile forms have a negligible effect on the fiber coupling efficiency. Therefore, it is possible to compensate an arbitrary smile of a random laser diode bar by using a given set of optical modules.


The mountain slope debris flow(MSDF) was a kind of embryonic form debris flow which occurred on the stiff slope of the mountain railways.The MSDF hazards were occurred frequently on the Chengdu Kunming Railway.On the basis of the formation cause of the mountain slop debris flow,this paper provides a judgement model for divison of the MSDF risk,and has divided the hazard degrees of the MSDF along Chengdu Kunming railway into 10 regions.


A novel UWB bandpass filter based on a grounded square patch resonator with slots is proposed. Owing to this specific geometry, three fundamental resonances of the resonator can be independently controlled and by their even distribution within the UWB range, an UWB passband can be formed. An UWB filter with in-band insertion loss <0.9 dB, group delay variation of 0.25 ns, and very small size of only 0.26λ g × 0.26λ g has been designed and fabricated, and measurement results are in good agreement with simulations.


In this article, Michael Huberman explores the effect of sustained interactions with practitioners on educational researchers. He focuses his study on two specific cases: 1) an elementary-level mathematics project, known as the Cognitively Guided Instruction project at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and 2) a set of intellectual biographies of math and science education researchers. Using a social-constructivist paradigm, he describes the conceptual and methodological shifts that some researchers undergo when they are confronted with the realities, constraints, and opportunities of practice. In addition to these shifts, Huberman also discusses how interacting with practitioners influences researchers' view of teaching and of how research should be used. He discusses how the "micro-worlds" of research and practice interact, and through their interactions determine the flow of knowledge. It is the interaction between micro-worlds, rather than the actors alone, that is the crucial unit of analysis in th...


Nady el-Guebaly CPA President, 1998-1999 Thank you all for the many opportunities presented to me this year. Merci bien pour une annee unique. In preparing this address , I perused the writings ofmy predecessors, which provided a useful chronicle of the issues confronted by our profession over the second half of this century. Two lessons emerged for me: a sense of humility as I found roots in past addresses for most of the components I considered creative in my own presidential theme and, paraphrasing Isaac Newton, "I could see further . .. only by standing on the shoulders of giants. " There was also a sense of wonderment about the renewal of issues as I rediscovered the old French adage, "plus fa change . . . plus c'est la meme chose "!


We present results of numerical solutions of Schwinger-Dyson equations for the finite-temperature quark and electron propagators. It is shown that both strongly coupled QED and QCD undergo a chiral symmetry restoring phase transition as the temperature is increased. We go beyond the bare vertex or "rainbow" approximation by applying the finite-temperature Ward-Takahashi identity to constrain the non-perturbative vertex function.


We define a new notion of affine subspace concentration conditions for
lattice polytopes, and prove that they hold for smooth and reflexive polytopes
with barycenter at the origin. Our proof involves considering the slope
stability of the canonical extension of the tangent bundle by the trivial line
bundle and with the extension class $c_1(\mathcal{T}_X)$ on Fano toric
varieties.


Iron is an essential micronutrient that is utilized by bacteria for numerous cellular and metabolic processes. The main way bacteria use to regulate iron homeostasis is via transcription regulation mediated by the ferric uptake regulator (Fur). In the presence of excess iron, the Fur protein acts as a transcriptional repressor of genes necessary for iron regulation. When the Fur protein binds to Fe2+, the Fur‐Fe2+ complex will bind to a target DNA sequence named the Fur box, which is located within the promoter of Fur‐regulated genes. However, when the iron level is limited, Fur dissociates from the Fur box and allows gene transcription. The Fur system, which is highly conserved throughout the different genera of bacteria, is absent in eukaryotes. Therefore, this unique feature of the Fur system combined with the essential nature of metal homeostasis in bacteria makes Fur a promising target for antimicrobials.


Several major Norwegian research projects have been conducted in order to improve durability of concrete structures exposed to harsh environments by correlating relevant durability parameters to environmental exposure, material composition, and structural geometry. The key factors in resisting deterioration are thickness of the concrete cover and the concrete composition. This paper reviews results from these projects, and concentrates mainly on binder type. Consideration is given to the addition of silica fume and use of a fly ash portland cement, introduced in Norway in the late 1970s/early 1980s, respectively. Lab testing, in-situ exposed specimens, and long-term in-situ experience clearly show the beneficial effect on chloride-ion intrusion from the addition of pozzolans to the binder. Recommendations and regulations are offered concerning concrete composition for structures in Norway exposed to chloride ions.


A method wich will allow shrinkage of herniated disc, without open surgical approach has been longly searched for. Studies on the spontaneous disappearance of disc fragments have demonstrated autoimmune responses, with a chronic inflammatory reaction, as well as radicular pain has been shown to be mostly due to release of toxic acids. Researchers in different fields surprisingly noticed that a brief, calculated, oxidative stress by ozone administration, may correct a persistent imbalance due to excessive, chronic oxidative injury. Oxigen-ozone gas injection in painful patients has a dramatic effect on clinical symptoms. On these bases the intradiscal injection of 0xigen-ozone gas has been conceived. We report the treatment of affected by cervical disc pathology, by intradiscal injection of Oxigen-Ozone gas mixture. The effect on pain and radicular dysfunction are dramatic. The effect of the treatment has been evaluated also by pathological examination. A large amount of research has been done on the various aspects of disk pathology, and on the possible solutions of the problem. Studies on pain originating from this pathology show that it may be the consequence of biochemical mechanisms of acid intoxication of the nerve, which may be somehow independent from the mechanical problem, but may dipend either from autoimmune reaction, producing a chronic inflammatory respons which engenders an acid environnement, or a situation of hyschemia. These problems may be solved by biochemical treatment, reducing the need of surgical aggression. On the other hand in the years the mechanism of disc shrinkage and elimination of herniated fragments have been carefully studied and the development of an autoimmune response against a "non-self" material, leading to a chronic inflammatory reaction is demonstrated. A mixture of oxygen and ozone gases is employed in medicine since thirties for the treatment of pain and dysfunction in patients affected by trombotic and hischemic diseases. The empirical observation of the powerful and long lasting effect of the injection in paravertebral muscles of this gas mixture in the treatment of pain and radicular dysfunction because of discal-radicular conflict has brought to detailed studies on the subject. Working in different fields, researchers have surprisingly noticed that a brief, calculated, oxidative stress, achived by ozone administration, may correct a permanent imbalance caused by excessive or chronic oxidative injury, and it is becoming clear that modest, repeated ozone treatment increases the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, inducing a state of oxidative stress adaptation with very important therapeutic implications. The mixture is produced by an apparatus (ozone generator) which activates the molecules of biatomic oxygen in a voltaic arch. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry allows a precise quantification of ozone percentages in the obtained mixture. Jacobs in 1982 has reported the absence of side effects in over five million ozone therapy sessions for different pathologies. The paravertebral intramuscular treatment produces pain relief in the majority of patients, together with decongestion, reabsorption of oedema and increased mobility. This has brought to the idea of injecting the oxygen-ozone mixture in the intervertebral disc and in the conjugation foramen in order to obtain a powerful effect directly on the pathological mechanism.


The expert system KCExpert can analyze real-time flood information and assign the different type of disaster to the proper soldiers through adopting the military strategy theory, artificial intelligence technology, realizing optimization combination. In the realization process, this paper applies the expert system developing tool OKPS to keep knowledge base and reasoning machine apart. In this case, it can guarantee the expert system always to update real-time and make this system more reliable and improve the ability to deal with the flood emergency, which greatly decreases the loss.


Introduction 1 Constitution Making and State Building 2 Constitutional Cultures in Asia 3 Government System and Structures 4 Constitutional Change and Amendments 5 Judicial Review 6 Democracy and the Right to Political Participation 7 The Right to Equality and Equal Protection 8 Free Speech and Res Publica 9 Religion and State 10 Socio-Economic Rights


The paper examines some of the main features of the reform process in the public sector, and the underlying criticalities and opportunities arising from the convergence toward a public network approach in Albania, addressing different aspects of the public network model in this specific context, such as the need to strengthen cooperation mechanisms and regulations in response to the privatisation processes for promoting the development of a wider network in which several actors interact. This study aims to sketch an interpretative scheme of the reforming process in order to highlight the actual roles, needs (in terms of training) and the perspective contribution of public management for the development of a transition country. The main objective, therefore, is to expand the knowledge and improve the understanding of criticalities of public management reform in transition countries, with particular reference to the Albanian context. The expected findings are mainly related to relevant issues and points of interest in the Albanian case as an interesting transition economy moving toward European integration, adopting a qualitative approach based on secondary data and qualitative semi-structured interviews, administered to selected high-ranking civil servants.


Based on literature records, the Hungarian aphid and psyllid fauna consist of 594 and 73 species, respectively, with 802 and 98 host plants of aphids and psyllids also known.


Personal attitudes are relevant to psychosis. They are reduced to essentials and split into the absolute antinomy of good and evil. This splitting process is seen by such different authors as Piaget, Binswanger, Klein and Selbach. By means of the splitting process, the person assures himself of his good valences, but incommodes himself, on the other hand, with the tension of incongruent dynamics. A compromise between these incongruent dynamics is hindered by rigidity and rigorism, which influence the preschizophrenic person and alienate him from reality. The instability of the preschizophrenic, his affective-cognitive inconsistency, was important in this context.


The concept of land and its usage is very different. Each and every unit of land is precious for each purpose. Today, the major problem faced by the world isavailability of residential lands. So there is a need for conserving land and Islands are no different. An island is a piece of land which is part of continent or subcontinent surrounded by water. There are so many islands in this world which faces the serious problem of sinking. Sinking is a process by which the land moves or submerged downwards due to any exogenic or endogenic activities. The islands of Indonesia, Kiribati, Palau, Solomon Islands are such types. In India, the deltaic island of Brahmaputra and Indus also faces the problem of climate change, Majuli is one of its kind. Lohachara, island in Sunderbans of India sinked and had lost in 2006.According to National Institute of Oceanography stated that the average global sea level-rise as estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is 3.2 mm per year. Total land for inhabitants is low in Kerala and also inhabited island. Among the islands of Kerala, Munroe Island is one of the important islands which have its own importance and peculiarities. Munroe Island is also a sinking island due to various reasons. This paper tries to analyze the factors responsible for sinking and its effects.


Presents the CAD curved blades for hydrodynamic torque converter from the flow angles of the center line at the inlet arid outlet of the blade by converting the flow angles into the angles of blade and generating the coordinates of the blade wheel, which results in accurate technical documents with blade angles and curve fitting center line of blade profile, and provides a quick and accurate method for calculation of the work wheels.


The geological units at the south of the Pannonian basin are fragments of Eurasia at the east (Moesian plate), and Gondvana at the southwest (northern part of Adria), and terranes docked to them, as well as relics of oceanic litosphere that was inbetween. These units gradually drifted northward since the Permian steady approaching, and finally closed the Vardar ocean as well as the oeanic realms in-between.


The use of indigenous medicinal plants by people is widespread in the Kingdom of Eswatini and the Southern Africa region as a whole. However, due to over exploitation, and for some other reasons like climate change, some indigenous medicinal plants have become endangered and are threatened with extinction. Subsequent loss of biodiversity is at stake. Urgent intervention is therefore, required to conserve them. The purpose of this study was to document plant biotechnology techniques which can be used in conservation of rare, endangered and potentially threatened medicinal plants of crucial importance in the country and region. Various ways of conservation through plant biotechnology are discussed.


The present study made an attempt to know the study involvement of adolescent students in relation to their noise sensitivity. The present study consists sample of 274 students selected through stratified random sampling technique. Coefficient of correlation and t-test was applied for data analysis and hypothesis testing. Results revealed that there is no relationship between adolescent students study involvement and noise sensitivity. Findings also show that adolescent students' study involvement depends on their noise sensitivity.


In this paper, we present a hybrid algorithm based on parareal and Schwarz waveform relaxation (SWR) for solving time dependent partial differential equations. The parallelism can be simultaneously realized in the time direction by using a parareal and in the space direction via SWR. We give a convergence analysis for the hybrid algorithm for a 1D model problem, the reaction-diffusion equation. Weak scaling of the algorithm in terms of both the number of space subdomains and the number of paralleled time intervals were investigated via theoretical analysis and numerical experiments.


The utility model relates to cleaning equipment, in particular to high-pressure cleaning equipment. The high-pressure cleaning equipment comprises a channel, wherein a conveying belt provided with water leakage holes is arranged in the channel, high-pressure spray water pipes are arranged above the conveying belt, the high-pressure spray water pipes are connected with a high-pressure water pump outside the channel, and a filter device is arranged below the conveying belt. The high-pressure spray water pipes comprise two parallel main water pipes and a plurality of parallel branch water pipes, wherein a plurality of spray holes are formed in the branch water pipes, and the high-pressure water pump is connected with one main water pipe. Three rows of the spray holes are formed in each branch water pipe. The spray holes can also be transverse bar-shaped spray holes and longitudinal bar-shaped spray holes, the transverse bar-shaped spray holes and the longitudinal bar-shaped spray holes are arranged at intervals, and the filter device comprises V-shaped bottom faces, water receiving troughs and screens. Water sprayed out of the high-pressure spray water pipes is large in pressure, high in speed and strong in impact force, and thus vegetables are cleaned thoroughly and are free of residues.


Going to the cinema or watching television are social activities that generally take place in groups. In these cases, a recommender system for ephemeral groups of users is more suitable than (well-studied) recommender systems for individuals. In this paper we present a recommendation system for groups of users that go to the cinema. The system uses the Slope One algorithm for computing individual predictions and the Multiplicative Utilitarian Strategy as a model to recommend to an entire group. We show how we solved all practical aspects of the system; including its architecture and a mobile application for the service, the lack of user data (ramp-up and cold-start problems), the scaling fit of the group model strategy, and other improvements in order to reduce the response time. Finally, we validate the performance of the system with a set of experiments with 57 ephemeral groups.


Sequence in development was studied in groups of children with and without language impairment. Nineteen children from a special school providing for the needs of language impaired children and twenty ordinary school children were given the same conservation tasks covering a range of six attributes. The two groups showed a similar sequence of development regardless of delay, with conservation of number appearing first, followed by weight, substance, length, area, and finally volume. Although this order of acquisition was the most strongly supported, the data are consistent with other orders, again with the two groups showing similar sequences. A common order of difficulty was found within as well as between concepts. The educational implications of these findings are discussed.


A horizontal layer of water, cooled below 4 °C on its bottom surface, can convect into the stably stratified water above the level of maximum density. A quantitative theory of this penetrative convection is proposed for the fully turbulent regime. An extreme structure for the region of penetration is found, based on only inertial properties of the flow. The predicted heat transports and depths of penetration agree with the limited amount of experimental data which are available.


We present a methodology to synthesize millimeter (mm) and submillimeter range sinusoidal signals using the principle of photomixing and phase locked loops. The presented feedback control system comprising a tunable laser, electronic frequency dividers, and other loop components enables the synthesis of a wide range of frequencies. The architecture provides the flexibility of using a wide range of RF sources and lasers for the generation of mm-waves, along with the advantage of a wide frequency tuning range. Experimental results also prove the feasibility of adapting the presented architecture for an mm-wave generation. This technique is an attractive solution for high frequency carrier generation for wireless communication (5G and beyond) and high speed clock generation in near-future electronic-photonic integrated circuits based signal processors.


Through this research work paper entitled:
"Abandonment of the elderly: primary support network of the Comprehensive Care Center for the Elderly. Salaverry 2019"
It was possible to corroborate the situation of abandonment of this group of older adults who make up CIAM Salaverry by their primary support network, not contributing to the improvement of their quality of life.
Likewise, this research study allowed to demonstrate the following:
• That the older adult of CIAM - Salaverry, is in a situation of moral abandonment by his primary support network, because they do not receive affectivity and assistance when they require it, likewise there is little family communication, there is a resentment of the older adult towards his family, etc., causing problems such as low self-esteem, inadequate interpersonal relationships, sadness, poor communication, poor collaboration and / or participation, etc. in older adults.
• That the older adult of CIAM - Salaverry, is in a situation of material abandonment by his primary support network, because they do not recognize any type of support to cover their expenses in food, health and basic services, threatening their health emotional and therefore in the improvement of their quality of life.
• The importance of family visits in emotional health and their contribution to the quality of life of older adults at CIAM Salaverry, since those elderly people who have been practically abandoned (do not receive any visits) are people who tend to isolate themselves, so In general, they are not very communicative, tend to acquire sadness easily, etc., being harmed their physical and psychological health.
Finally, from the present research study, it proposes as a main alternative solution to this problem, to promote the development of a special program of psychological and social support for the elderly adults of CIAM Salaverry, who present a moral and material abandonment by its primary support network, in order to improve their self-esteem, erase resentments, improve their participation and contribute to the establishment of appropriate interpersonal relationships, thus improving their quality of life, as well as the development of a program of home visits to the families of older adults of CIAM Salaverry who are in a state of abandonment, in order to sensitize them and gradually promote the approach of the family and the elderly, improving communication and the motivational and emotional state of the elderly.
Keywords: primary network, moral support, material support, family and elderly.


This comparative study, conducted in multicultural London, investigates the occurrence in interviews with a researcher and in constructed same-sex peer conversations of five linguistic features characteristic of London English in the speech of two groups of British-born adolescents: ethnic Bangladeshis and ethnic Chinese of Cantonese heritage. The features are glottal stop in place of medial /t/, high rising tone in declaratives, invariant tag innit, quotative be like, and negative concord. Based on relative frequency of occurrence, the two groups have comparable performance on two of these features, showing no instances of medial glottal stop and similarly moderate incidence of innit. On the other three features, the performance of the two groups contrasts. For the Bangladeshi group, the highest frequency item is negative concord, and the other two (high rising tone and quotative be like) have low occurrence. For the Chinese group, the highest frequency item is high rising tone, the frequency of be like is similar to that of innit, and negative concord has minimal occurrence. These patterns of usage may be indicative of differential adoption of linguistic forms by these adolescent ethnic groups conveying a partially similar and partially different identification vis-à-vis the wider speech community, both in London and the wider world.


We shed light on Florida citrus growers' decisions regarding their adoption of scientifically untested antibiotic sprays over insecticide spray coordination for dealing with the devastating impact of a pernicious plant disease. Using data from a framed field economic experiment, we examine growers' preferences towards two types of uncertain outcomes, the first resulting from a game against nature and the second involving strategic interaction. We find evidence that, on average, growers prefer the game against nature. Moreover, we find that they prefer such a game even for ranges over which the game involving strategic interaction has a higher likelihood of success. The results and insights we obtain help better understand growers' preferences over different types of uncertainty, which can play a key role in their technology adoption decisions. Our findings should be useful for policymakers to realise the implications of allowing the use of uncertain technologies and the detrimental impact they can have in dealing with issues that involve externalities such as those present in pest and disease management.


We show that any admissible harmonic Ritz value set is possible for prescribed GMRES residual norms, which is a complement for the results in [Duintjer Tebbens and Meurant, {\it SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl.}, 33 (2012), no. 3, pp. 958--978].


Semiconductor design rules and process windows continue to shrink, so we face many challenges in developing new processes such as 300mm wafer, copper line and low-k dielectrics. The challenges have become more difficult because we must solve problems on patterned and un-patterned wafers. The problems include physical defects, electrical defects, and even macro defects, which can ruin an entire wafer rather than just a die. The optics and electron beam have been mainly used for detecting of the critical defects, but both technologies have disadvantages. The optical inspection is generally not enough sensitive for defects at 100nm geometries and below, while the SEM inspection has low throughput because it takes long time in preparing a vacuum and scanning 300mm. In order to find a solution to these problems, we propose the novel optical inspecting method for the critical defects using standing wave shift. This method is based on a super-resolution algorism in which the inspection system's resolution exceeds the diffraction limit by shifting standing wave with the piezoelectric actuator. Additionally this method is optical one, so we can expect to develop high throughput inspection system. In this report, we performed theoretical discussions and computer simulations the defect detection on a patterned wafer. As a result, we succeeded in detecting the critical defects in the sub-90nm line and space interconnections.


Nerve fibers originating in the retina follow a specific topographical arrangement in the optic nerve and chiasm. Compressive lesions at the junction of the intracranial optic nerve and optic chiasm can produce characteristic visual field defects. Optic nerve involvement at the junction of the optic chiasm results in unilateral visual field loss. If fibers from the inferonasal retina of the contralateral eye (Wilbrand's knee) are involved, there will also be a superotemporal visual field defect in the contralateral eye. These defects can be produced by pituitary tumors, suprasellar meningiomas, supraclinoid aneurysms, craniopharyngiomas, gliomas, and other entities (1–4). We describe two patients with intracranial lesions and junctional visual field defects.


The author describes the Worminator project (http://worminator.cs.columbia.edu), acollaboration of academic institutions pursuing R&D of intelligent predictive and proactivetechnologies that detect, report, and defend against early preattack cyberevents--specificallynetwork observables--that are precursors to malicious activities during a later attack stage.


A study has been conducted to determine the effect of season and inoculation method on the expression of the bio-control agent Nigrospora oryzae on Sporobolus fertilis (giant parramatta grass; GPG). Trial sites were established in five locations across NSW with two treatment methods: spore inoculation and planting symptomatic diseased S. fertilis. Results from the first six months after the spring treatment are presented. The results show planting was better than spore inoculation at 26 WAT in Tweed and Manning sites and the opposite in Richmond. At the Clarence site both methods produced similar levels of disease. The study also suggests that a rise in soil temperature could limit the expression of disease. Both methods resulted in crown rot in S. fertilis. Further research is currently under progress to study the effect of disease in other seasons.


In order to control the appreciation of copper coins in the market, the government of Qing Dynasty adopted measures as follows: 1) increasing the amount of copper coins; 2) increasing the supply of the key material of coinage, that is, copper; 3) dealing with the problems of adversely affecting the circulation of coins, such as illegal coinage and making copper instruments by melting coins. With the increase of coin in circulation, the situation featured by high value ratio of copper coin to sliver had changed. Afterwards, Qing government changed its financial policy by taking deprecating the value of sliver rather than depreciating the value of copper as its focus.


Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic bacterial disease that may cause life-threatening complications, such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Patients with AKI may recover fully, but some can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD) or even become dialysis-dependent. This study aims to evaluate the CKD and dialysis-dependent incidences and risks among post-hospitalized leptospirosis patients with AKI.

 Comprehensive searching was performed through the online databases of Pubmed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect and The Cochrane Library to include all relevant literature from 2000 to 2021. This study followed the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria are all observational studies that assess the incidence and risk for CKD development and dialysis dependence among post-hospitalized leptospirosis-associated AKI patients. The quality of included studies was accessed by using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Analysis was conducted to obtain the pooled odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) with a fixed-effect heterogeneity test.

 Five observational studies met the inclusion criteria. About 7%–14% of post-hospitalized leptospirosis patients with AKI deteriorate significantly to become CKD risk (pooled OR = 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.41–2.23; P <  .0001, I2 = 0%). A population cohort study suggested that Leptospira-seropositive population is correlated with the eGFR decline, even in the non-diabetic subgroup. Multivariate analysis from a cohort study showed that the elderly patients were predictors of dialysis-dependency and mortality. The funnel plot is symmetrical suggesting no publication bias.

 Post-hospitalized leptospirosis with AKI patients has an incremental CKD risk. However, further studies are warranted to confirm the association and causality.


Abstract. Estimates of biomass often involve the use of weight-to-weight conversion factors for rapid assessment of dry-weights based metrics from more widely available measurements of wet weights. Availability of standardized biomass data is essential amid research on population dynamics, energy flow, fishery and food web interactions. However, for many species and groups the widely-applicable freely available conversion factors until now remained very rough approximations with high degree of taxonomic generalization. To close up this gap, here for the first time we publish the most detailed and statically robust list of ratios of wet weight (WW), dry weight (DW) and ash-free dry weight (AFDW). The dataset includes over 17000 records of single measurements for 497 taxa. Along with aggregated calculations, enclosed reference information with sampling dates and geographical coordinates provides the broad opportunity for reuse and repurposing. It empowers the future user to do targeted sub selections of data to best combine them with own local data, instead of only having a single value of conversion factor per region. Data can help to quantify natural variability and uncertainty, and assist to refine current ecological theory. The dataset is available via an unrestricted repository from: http://doi.io-warnemuende.de/10.12754/data-2021-0002 (Gogina et al., 2021).


In this paper, we investigate the method of in-plane eddy current analysis for stator core-ends of turbine generators from both results of experiment and finite element analysis considering the lamination. First, the 3-D finite element analysis considering the lamination of the core is applied to the simple model that simulates the end part of the turbine generator. The calculated losses and flux distributions caused by the perpendicular flux are compared with the measurement to verify the validity of the calculation method. Fig. 1 shows the simple model for the validation of the calculation. The C-shape core is mounted on the Epstein shape core to impose the perpendicular flux. In the analysis, the Epstein core is subdivided into each electrical steel sheet by 3-D finite elements. The gap elements, which represent the magnetic resistance between the steel sheets, are inserted into every layer due to the stacking factor. The insulation between the sheets is considered by assuming the conductivity along the laminated direction as zero. Fig. 2 shows the experimental and calculated exiting current and total loss of the model. The results agree well. The validity of the calculation method is verified. Next, the calculation method is applied to a 250 MVA class turbine generator with the considerations of the laminated stator core. Fig. 3 shows the 3-D finite element mesh. The stator teeth of the generator have the slits, whose directions are alternately changed at


Because gainsharing plans incur administrative expenses and the possibility of employee dissatisfaction, employers considering installing such plans should be aware of the factors that affect their success.


The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of aerobic circuit training on muscular endurance among men students. To achieve the purpose of the study thirty men students were selected as subjects from St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai. The age, height and weight of the subjects ranged from 18 to 22 years, 162 to 170 centimeters and 56 to 65 kilograms respectively. The selected subjects were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 15 subjects each. Circuit training group-I and control group-II. The analysis of data revealed that eight weeks of circuit training had a significant improvement on muscular endurance. Many athletes require good muscular endurance for effective performance in their sport. A circuit training session can be developed to meet their specific needs. By keeping rest intervals short a cardiovascular element is developed and by alternating exercises ad muscle groups, more work can be completed for a longer period. Hence it was concluded that due to the effect of eight weeks of circuit training the muscular endurance of the subjects was significantly improved.


The present article describes components of musical-performing thinking, its place and role in creative comprehension of music. The article considers how the pedagogically oriented development of musical-performing thinking components during the educative process at the piano-lessons influence the perfection and authenticity of musical speech.


A detection device includes a lever, a magnet is disposed in the selector lever, four or more sensors, which faces to the magnet positions are arranged, and an ECU. The ECU is adapted to determine (i) a switching position based on signals output from the four or more sensors when the magnet with respect to the four or more sensors, in response to an actuation of the selector lever is relatively moved ( ii) to determine the shift position based on signals which are output from three or more of four or more sensors that are determined to be normal when one of the four or more sensors is abnormal, and (iii) to determine the abnormality based thereon, whether or not to output the three or more sensors during the travel of the vehicle a signal to a switching position, which relates to a case of driving in the direction opposite to a direction of travel of the vehicle.


Phosphodiesterase (PDE) plays an important role in cAMP-mediated signaling within cells. We previously showed that the long-form of Aplysia PDE4 (ApPDE4) was localized in the plasma membrane and the presynaptic terminal in Aplysia sensory neurons, and the 16 N-terminal amino acid was sufficient for this targeting process. In this study, we characterized the cellular localization of various ApPDE4 mutants. We first identified the roles of each amino acid within the group of 16 N-terminal amino acids of long-form ApPDE4. As a result, we were able to identify various mutants that were localized to both the plasma membrane and the Golgi complex, Golgi only, or both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex. To examine the role of palmitoylation on the cellular localization of ApPDE4 mutants, 2-bromo palmitate (2-BR) was used as a treatment. As a result, in the presence of 2-BR, the plasma membrane targeting of many mutants was impaired, indicating that palmitoylation was involved in the plasma membrane targeting of the mutants. We also found that PI4P play crucial roles in the Golgi targeting of (N16,C3S/VV/G)-mRFP, L(N16,C3S/LFS/R)- mRFP, and L(N16,EPL/R)-mRFP.


The article defines the principles of functioning and developing the structure of a multi-communication logistic system of a small city, which develops the level of intellectualization of a Smart City. A system of criteria for monitoring the transport and logistics system of the city is also proposed in order to increase the transparency and manageability of the city transport infrastructure.


From a multinational perspective, this article provides an overview of a number of research programs examining portrayals of older adults in advertising. The research described includes both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the place of older people in advertising and the ways this is associated with older adults' place in society. This article is organized around three central themes: an overview of the major theoretical perspectives surrounding advertising and aging; an overview of research conducted in the United States, Great Britain, Germany, China, and India; and a final critique.


The transverse abdominal incision has been used nearly one hundred years. Baudelocque1used it prior to 1847 for cesarean sections, but it was Pfannenstiel,2in 1900, who popularized its use in pelvic operations. Maylard3(1899), of Glasgow, first used a transverse incision in the upper part of the abdomen. In making this incision, he sectioned all layers of the abdominal wall in a transverse plane. An intra-abdominal hemorrhage that occurred after the closure of a median vertical incision led him to employ a transverse incision for the second laparotomy. He subsequently observed that the transverse section healed more quickly and more firmly than the median vertical one, in which a hernia developed. Boeckmann,4of St. Paul, unaware of Maylard's observations, first employed the transverse incision in all types of abdominal operations in 1906. Sprengel5introduced it to the Continental surgeons in 1910 and, in conjunction


The aim of this paper is to explore the function of adsorption and desorption for heavy metal ions by the three adsorbents and the four de-adsorbents (oxalic acid,ammonium oxalate,EDTA-2Na and sodium nitrate).The above-said bio-adsorbents can be obtained from the culture of Bacillus mucilaginosus K02 growing in the nitrogen -free medium whereas the bio-diatomite and bio-zeolite composite adsorbent were formed by the K02 strain cultured in nitrogen-free medium with 1 g/100 mL diatomile or zeolite particles (all mineral particles had been sieved through 200 mesh screen).The results of our testing and measurements show that the adsorption effect of the adsorptive bacteria and mineral composites were better than the simple bacteria-adsorption,and the desorption rates were also higher than the simple bacteria-adsorption.Comparing the adsorption efficiencies of Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+),Cr~(3+),Pb~(2+),we have found that the composite adsorbents are better suitable for removing Pb~(2+)from the water.The bacteria-zeolite composite adsorbent displayed the best adsorption power among the three adsorbents,whose adsorption rate of Pb~(2+) tends to reach 97%.In addition,we have also found that it can be automatically gathered into aggregate settlement after the adsorption. In comparison with bacteria or mineral alone,the setting time has significantly been accelerated.Oxalic acid,ammonium oxalate, EDTA _ 2Na and sodium nitrate (all the concentration were 0.1 mol/L) can be used in the desorption experiments.The results of our experiments show that the desorption efficiency of EDTA-2Na to Pb~(2+) at the three sorption conditions turns to be the strongest.The highest efficiency can be 90%.At the conditions with the application of bacterial adsorbent and bacteria-diatomite composite adsorbent,the varied de-sorption effects order to heavy metals by using EDTA-2Na can be expressed as Pb~(2+)Cu~(2+)Cr~(3+)with the other two de-adsorbents displaying highest desorption efficiency to Cu~(2+).But the sequential order of desorption efficiency by using oxalic acid turns to be Cu~(2+)Cr~(3+)Cd~(2+)Zn~(2+)Pb~(2+).In addition,at the presence of the bacteria-zeolite composite adsorbent,the desorption effects to different metals tends to varied with the desorption efficiency of all ions being the highest with EDTA-2Na.The oxalic acid was found the best for Cr~(3+) desorption.In conclusion,the best combination of adsorption to remove heavy metals in sewage and desorption to recover adsorbed heavy metals was bio-zeolite composite adsorbent and EDTA-2Na.


Thispaperinvestigated thetransmission performance ofthetransmitting site diversity foranimprovementofa transmission characteristic in continuous road-to-vehicle communication systems. We studvtwokindsofmethodof presuming a transmitted signal witha decision feedback equalizer, andthemethodofusing space-time block coding and decoding. We performed thetransmission performance ofthe systems changing theconditions oftheBSantenna height, the large-size vehicle ratio, andthelanebycomputer simulation. As a result, itwasshownclearly thatthetransmission performance ofthetransmitting sitediversity ismuchbetter thanthatofthesingle transmission system. Moreover the transmission performance ofthetransmitting sitediversity withSTBChasbecomebetter thanthatofthetransmitting site diversitv withDFE.


A 45 years old man reports recurrent episodes of marked lip and hand swelling; without urticaria or puritus occurring during surgical procedure for lymph nodes biopsy. He was diagnosed with lymphoma six months ago. He has had three episodes of severe, campy abdominal pain and bloating lasting up to 24–36 hours on the past year. No family history of Angioedema. Work up showed: CBC, chemistry and IgE were normal. C4 was 35 mg/dL (normal 50–100 mg/dl) C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 -INH) level: 18 mg/dL (normal 18–50 mg/dl), low C1 -INH function (less than 50% of normal) and low C1 q (less than 30% of normal)


The common phosphate minerals, apatite Ca_5(PO_4)_3(F,OH,Cl), monazite
(Ce,La,Th)PO_4, and xenotime YPO_4, have found widespread use in geochronology
because they incorporate U and Th into their structures. For example, apatite usually has
a few tens of ppm of both U and Th, while monazite and xenotime usually have hundreds
of ppm to weight percent levels of these elements. As a consequence, these phosphates
can be dated using several fundamentally different isotopic techniques. Elsewhere in this
volume Harrison et al. describe phosphate dating using ingrowth of radiogenic Pb, the
final daughter of U and Th series decay, and Gleadow et al. describe dating based on
damage tracks from the spontaneous fission of ^(238)U. The most recently developed dating
technique applied to phosphates, described in this chapter, uses the accumulation of
α particles from U and Th series decay, (U-Th)/He dating. While phosphate U-Th-Pb
dating is usually used to date high temperature events such as crystallization of igneous
rocks and the timing of prograde metamorphism, fission track and (U-Th)/He dating are
more commonly used to establish cooling histories through low temperatures, for
example, in the range ~110-40°C in the case of apatite.

Dating of minerals using radiogenic He was first explored shortly after the discovery
of radioactivity (Strutt 1908) and was investigated extensively in the 1950s and 1960s,
mostly on very U- and Th-rich minerals such as zircon and titanite (Hurley 1952, 1954;
Damon and Kulp 1957, Damon and Green 1963). Apatite He dating was first investigated
by Zeitler et al. (1987), who studied the diffusion rate of He from apatite and proposed
that apatite He dating might provide a useful thermochronometer, recording cooling
through about 100°C. Further studies both in the laboratory (Lippolt et al. 1994, Wolf et
al. 1996b, Warnock et al. 1997, Farley 2000) and in the natural setting (House et al. 1999,
Stockli et al. 2000) have confirmed this idea, and the technique has now been applied to a
range of tectonic, geologic and geomorphologic problems (e.g., House et al. 1997, 1998;
Spotila et al. 1997, Farley et al. 2001, Stockli et al. 2000). Monazite and xenotime have
only recently come under scrutiny for He geochronology (e.g., Pik and Marty 1999), and
little is yet known of their potential for routine geo- or thermochronometry.


Test track and prototype vehicle of "Eco-Ride", a novel unmanned energy-saving public transport for short-distance trips, have been developed applying roller coaster technologies. A designing simulator for vertical curves of track geometries for the Eco-Ride to deploy real fields to flexibly fit land shapes has also been developed.


Dear Editor As an anaesthesiologist (Queen's graduate) with a background in "programming", it comes as no surprise to anyone how much I've adored Electronic Medical Records (EMR) since their introduction 12 years ago! Before I go over the content of my letter, I need to give a brief background. Let us take a moment to remember the age of paper charts, so that we can all appreciate the major differences that I will point out in this letter. I would like to compare the quality of evidence from that age to that of the last few years. In 2004, right at the end of paper charts, when huge scanning machines were beginning the digitalization of paper charts, I started working in the anaesthesiology department in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. I remember the depth of my resentment toward 200+ pages of a paper chart for Mr. S., a 70-year-old patient. I had to find the most recent echocardiogram results within 10 minutes. That was all the time that I had at 2 am, while Mr. S. was in the ER and needed emergency surgery. I absolutely had to find the most recent echocardiogram record to decide on the anaesthesia technique! If any anaesthesiologist reads these lines and was working on seniors, they would understand the stress (really, a visceral feeling) and remember the taste of adrenaline (and perhaps bile!) when making these decisions.


In this introduction we set the scene for the eight articles that follow. We begin by evaluating recent academic literature on preventing and countering violent extremism (PCVE) produced overseas before signalling why this literature matters to New Zealand security professionals today. We then situate this special issue in relation to New Zealand's ongoing counterterrorism efforts. Taking seriously Recommendation 14 of the Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Christchurch terrorist attack on 15 March 2019, which called for the Government to establish a programme to fund independent New Zealand-specific research on the causes of, and measures to prevent, violent extremism and terrorism, we highlight the recent contributions academics have made to improving our understanding of the phenomenon of terrorism, violent extremism and radicalisation from a New Zealand perspective. We close out this introduction by signalling worthwhile academic contributions that remain to be realised.


A light beam is incident on the boundary surface between the thin metal film of a surface-plasmon-resonance (SPR) apparatus and the test medium. If the incident angle is equal or very near to the resonant angle, then the phase difference between p- and s- polarizations of the reflected light is related to the associated physical parameter. The phase difference can be measured accurately by the heterodyne interferometry. If the relation between the phase difference and the associated physical parameter is specified, the associated physical parameter can be estimated with the data of the phase difference. This method has the advantages of both common-path interferometry and heterodyne interferometry.


THE AUTHOR RECALLS THE NEED FOR THE IN-SITU STABILIZATION OF SOIL WITH UNSATISFACTORY MECHANICAL PROPERTIES. IF THE SOIL IS SUFFICIENTLY PERMEABLE, INJECTION CAN BE USED, E.G. FILLING THE VOIDS WITH A HIGH-STRENGTH GROUT. WHEN THE SOIL IS NEARLY IMPERMEABLE (CLAY, SILT, MUD) THIS PROCESS CANNOT BE USED; ONE OF THE BEST TREATMENTS FOR THIS TYPE OF SOIL IS ELECTRO- OSMOSIS. UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A CONTINUOUS ELECTRIC FIELD, THE WATER IN THE SOIL MIGRATES FROM THE POSITIVE TO THE NEGATIVE POLE. BY TRANSFORMING THE NEGATIVE POLES INTO DRAINING POREHOLES, PART OF THE WATER CAN BE ELIMINATED, AND THE SOIL IS CONSOLIDATED. USING THIS MOVEMENT OF WATER, IT IS POSSIBLE TO HAVE SUITABLY SELECTED SALINE SOLUTIONS MIGRATING THROUGH THE SOIL THUS ENSURING CONSOLIDATION BY IONIC PERMUTATION. CONTRARY TO THE FORMER, THIS CONSOLIDATION TECHNIQUE DOES NOT INVOLVE SETTLEMENT. ALTHOUGH THEORETICAL LAWS GOVERNING THESE MOVEMENTS WERE WELL KNOWN, THE PRACTICAL ASPECTS WERE NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD, AND THE TECHNIQUE HAD HARDLY EMERGED FROM THE EXPERIMENTAL STAGE. NOW, A BETTER KNOWLEDGE OF THESE PRACTICAL ASPECTS LEADS TO A REDUCTION IN COSTS AND POSSIBLY, A RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF THIS METHOD.


The paper analyses the status of the Hungarian population in Slovakia at the end of the 1940s during the period of the Communist regime. After the deportation of the German population from Czechoslovakia during 1946 – 1947, the most numerous ethnic community not only in Slovakia but in the whole of the Republic was the Hungarian minority. The paper focuses on the fact that after reslovakisation measures adopted after the Second World War, which was the exchange of population between Czechoslovakia and Hungary, the members of the Hungarian community who stayed in the Czechoslovak Republic had no Czechoslovak citizenship, and were living on territory of the Republic as stateless people. Their property was confiscated, they could not be educated in their mother language, there was no media in the Hungarian language, and the Hungarian minority were not allowed social or cultural associations. However, subsequent changes in the political development on the European Continent with the establishment of the Soviet Eastern block and due to pressure exhorted by the leadership of the Soviet Communist Party and the Communist Party of Hungary, saw the ruling Communist Party of Czechoslovakia having to agree to fundamental changes in regard to the status of Hungarian minority members. But the process of the emancipation of the Hungarian minority was slow and only reluctantly implemented. The paper analyses positive changes which took place during the latter part of 1948 when classes with Hungarian teaching language were opened in Slovak schools and then independent Hungarian schools were established. In 1949 a cultural association named Csemadok was established and Hungarian periodicals and journals began to be published. The paper looks at the issue of the activities of the Hungarian Commission organized under the auspices of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Slovakia, which, however, was only active for a short period of time. The paper also points to the fact that after February 1948, the members of the Hungarian minority were awarded basic minority rights, but these were limited by the nature of the totalitarian Czechoslovak regime.


The using of operational automaton of transitions as the block of microinstruction addressing of compositional microprogram control unit is proposed. The new structure model of compositional microprogram control unit with reduced hardware amount is developed. The generalized structure of operational automaton of transitions is suggested. An example of process of synthesis of compositional microprogram control unit with operational automaton of transitions is given.


Chunk is a combination being accepted through common practice which is used more frequently,effectively and definitely than the sentences followed by grammatical rules.In modern English teaching,more concerns are being given to chunks.The paper which focuses on the signal and linear features of language begins with the definition of language and combines it with the present chunk cognitive theory,which provides the theoretical basis for the usage of English oral teaching.In order to improve English oral teaching,Chunks should be used correctly,paying attention to their functional collocations,diversity,levels,prefabrication and creativity.


Based on some experience in teaching process,the article gives a brief description on how to train the students' ability of using language.It inquires to how to improve the students' ability of using English in the respect of constructing language and classroom teaching atmosphere and organizing some activities inside and outside class.


In this report the fire-safety of Helsingborg Arena is analysed and evaluated. This has been done considering the safety of the people evacuating the building in case of a fire. The evaluation has been based on notes and experiences taken on a visit to the site, simulations of suggested scenarios and
reasoning around possible risks and fire sources.

During the progress of the work 13 different scenarios was found. Three of them were chosen to be analysed more carefully. The results from this work shows that the only major risk to the lives of the
evacuees is a fire in one of the wardrobes in the entrance hall in the western part of the arena.

The following measures are proposed to improve the fire safety in the arena:

- Always keep the wardrobes manned with fire safety-educated personal
- Install additional fireproof curtains in the entrance hall
- Install new smoke ventilation in the entrance hall


Although coronary stenting improves angiographic and clinical outcome of patients with coronary stenosis compared to balloon angioplasty, in-stent restenosis (ISR) still represents a major limitation of this approach. In the last decades several attempts have been made to lower ISR occurrence but most of the strategies adopted failed to demonstrate any benefit. Recently, the concept of using stents coated with agents that could potentially inhibit restenosis has emerged and drug-eluting stents (DES) represent one of the fastest growing fields in interventional cardiology today. The article reviews the progress of the DES concept and the results of the major clinical trials evaluating the impact of DES on restenosis.


The objective of this study was to determine the initial and subsequent phenotypes of HIV‐1 isolated from the blood, duodenal, and colonic biopsies of 51 HIV‐1 positive patients followed prospectively over 2 years. Blood and tissues were cocultured with stimulated peripheral blood monocytes, and HIV was analyzed for phenotypic expression of syncytia‐induction (SI). A total of 45/51 patients had HIV‐1 isolated from the blood and 35/51 had HIV isolated from gastrointestinal tract. In 12/45 patients SI‐HIV‐1 was isolated from the blood. In 6/12 patients the blood phenotype reverted to the NSI phenotype. SI phenotypes were also isolated from the colon and duodenum of 8/35 patients and reversion from SI to NSI virus phenotype was again observed in gut tissue of 3/8 patients. These results show that gastrointestinal tissues can harbor SI HIV phenotype. Discordant phenotypes can be found in tissue and blood of late‐stage patients. Reversion of phenotypic SI expression to NSI may occur in patients receiving monotherapy as antiretroviral treatment. These results suggest that gastrointestinal tissues may act as a separate and distinct site involved in HIV replication and its associated pathogenesis. J. Med. Virol. 52:31–34, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Health care and the provision of program services for Canadians, and especially, children, are on a collision course in Canada. A recent report published in the Fraser Forum (1) noted that in Canada, health care spending is growing at a faster pace than total spending on social programs. In addition, data provided by Statistics Canada (2003) (2) indicate that unless significant changes are made by the year 2040, each province will spend its entire budget on health care with no funds remaining for critical programs such as education, social services or infrastructure support. For the provinces of Manitoba and Newfoundland, the funding crisis may be reached as early as 2021 – only 16 years away. What does this mean for the future of children in this country and what needs to be put in place to prevent this potential catastrophe?

The Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) tracks estimates of total provincial and territorial government health expenditures by age and sex in Canada (3). In 2001, the age group of birth to 19 years of age received 13.9% of provincial and territorial government health care dollars. The CIHI data do not include federal health care expenditures, but the provincial and territorial jurisdictions account for 91% of the total funding for health care, so the CIHI figures are of critical importance. Thus, approximately 86% of the health care budget is directed to adults. In the United States, end-of-life medical care consumes at least 12% of the total health care budget (4).

As children represent our future, what are the implications of these sobering facts? If rising health care costs result in further cuts to education programs and higher education becomes unaffordable for most young people, the economy will surely suffer, and with this, revenues for health care will also decline.

In a recently released report (5), Campaign 2000 (an advocacy antipoverty group in Canada) found that greater than 15% or over one million Canadian children were living in poverty, especially Aboriginal children. It is well known that poverty, low standards of living, environmental destruction and substandard education lead to impaired health and adversely affect the economy (6).

When the health care funding crunch hits the wall, how will paediatric programs be adversely affected and, at the same time, where will the funding come from to support the burgeoning disciplines of stem cell and gene therapy? I predict that the greatest cuts will be to programs addressing behavioural and developmental disabilities, as well as chronic disease disorders including programs that provide support for the medically fragile infant and child. The multiple and complex health care issues of these children are the most prevalent of all paediatric conditions and the most difficult to manage. Because there is no specific curative therapy for the majority of these problems, the needs of these children will quickly fall under the knife of the health care budget executioner focused on acute care and adult needs. Adult-related health care funding will remain the priority of governments because adults hold the vote, even though the health care needs of the child with a chronic illness are at least of equal importance as those of adults nearing the end of life.

To circumvent the problems that are sure to surface in paediatric health care funding during the next two decades, paediatricians must take an active role in health care reform to ensure that the paediatric health care agenda is not compromised. While this task will present multiple challenges, the risk of complacency or inaction will have dire consequences for the future of our children and our grandchildren.

Whether we are providing health care for children and youth in a hospital, in a regional or district program, in the community or in a private office setting, all of us have seen the impact of cuts to the health care system on child and youth programs over the past decade. Yet, as the headlines and politicians regularly remind us, the costs of health care are ever rising in spite of the cuts that have already occurred. However, the increased dollar requests for health means less dollars for other programs crucial for children and youth, such as education. We are on a collision course. In the following editorial, Dr Robert Haslam highlights the consequences of the political decisions we are making for the children of today and those of tomorrow. At Paediatrics & Child Health, we welcome response and dialogue on this critically important issue. As paediatricians, we cannot sit idly by while our children's futures are bankrupted.

Drs Noni MacDonald and Elizabeth Ford-Jones, Co-Editors-in-Chief


Grassland degradation has become a serious environmental problem worldwide. However, the link between grassland degradation and soil functional microorganisms remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of subalpine meadow degradation on the taxonomic and functional communities of the soil microbiome on Mount Wutai on the eastern margin of the Loess Plateau, China, using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that vegetation degradation decreased most soil nutrients (e.g., soil organic carbon [SOC, −48.9%], total nitrogen [TN, −15.2%] and carbon [TC, −38.3%]), leading to significant changes in the taxonomic (r = 0.892, p < 0.001) and functional compositions (r = 0.972, p < 0.001) of the microbial communities (explaining 66.6% and 64.5% of the variance, respectively). The structural equation model (SEM) showed that variations in the soil nutrient status and plant parameters caused by degradation resulted in changes in the microbial community structure and function. The variations in the plant and microbial communities during degradation altered carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling separately or interactively. Among the C degradation‐related genes, the relative abundances of cellulose degradation, sugar utilization and chitin degradation genes in moderately degraded (MD) and heavily degraded (HD) meadows were significantly higher than those in nondegraded (ND) meadows (p < 0.05). The abundance of denitrification genes (nirK, nirS, norB and norC) and nitrification genes (pmoA/amoA, pmoB/amoB, pmoC/amoC and hao) was higher in all degraded meadows, which increased the risk of soil N loss. Our findings revealed the negative feedback of microbes due to subalpine meadow degradation, during which metabolically active microbes tended to accelerate soil nutrient loss.


This article addresses how French teenagers of North African (primarily Algerian) descent transform the Arabic speech act Hashek through their nontraditional and innovative uses. In French language interactions that involved adversarial teasing or public criticism of a peer, Arab French teenagers used the politeness formula Hashek as a self-corrective to simultaneously facilitate and mitigate such irreverent behavior. In addition, teenagers used Hashek as an other-corrective in order to publicly mark peers as inappropriate or rude. Thus both usages of the term (self- and other-corrective) aid teenagers in achieving impolite, nondeferential speech. In using Hashek to accomplish impolite speech, French-speaking teenagers of North African background transform this traditional Arabic linguistic practice to suit the face-needs of their adolescent peer group in France, while remaining in conversation with North African interactional rituals and cultural norms.


Flavones from bamboo leaves have special pharmacological effects and bioactivities. The extraction process was studied by microwave radiation technology through single factor test and orthogonal experiment design method to investigate the influence of experimental factors. The results indicated that optimum extraction conditions were concentration of ethanol 80% (v/v), weight ratio of solid/liquid 0.04 (w/w), extraction time 6 min, the extraction rate of flavones reaches maximum 3.2%.


With a focus on the promotion of accessible architecture, a study was developed within the framework of a graduation discipline to identify fundamental aspects in the perception of the environment by the visually impaired. The main objective was to understand the influence of sound in the appropriation of the public space by the blind, increasing the discussion about the role of the architect and urbanist in the production of inclusive environments. For that, we used semistructured interviews, behavioral mapping, acoustic measurements and simulation in the studio. Thus, we can observe, by tendency, lower tolerance of people without vision at the level of sound pressure, being directly related to their presence in certain spaces and to their mental discomfort. The analyzes pointed to project guidelines that envisage social inclusion and stimulate permanence in collective environments.


Effects of cold treatment and day length on endogenous gibberellins (GAs) in the stems and leaves of Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Taibyo-sobutori) were investigated. The concentrations of putative active GAs (GA1 and GA4) and their precursors (GA9 and GA20) in both stems and leaves of R. sativus grown without cold treatment were higher in the long-day condition than the short-day condition. The concentrations of the above four GAs in the stems and leaves generally tended to decrease during the cold treatment, although GA1 in the stems was at almost the same level before and after the cold treatment. These results suggest that the GA biosynthesis is promoted by the long-day condition rather than cold treatment. Considering that application of GAs after the cold treatment as well as cultivation in the long-day condition after cold treatment induces the bolting of R. sativus, both the cold treatment and activation of GA biosynthesis by cultivation in the long-day condition seem to be essential to...


Consider the scalar quasilinear equation $\frac{{\partial u(t,x)}}{{\partial t}} + \sum_{i = 1}^n {\frac{{\partial f_i (u(t,x))}}{{\partial x_i }}} = 0,$ for $n = 1,2,f_i \in C^2 :R \to R$. For $n = 2$, we define the two-dimensional Riemann problem and show the unique (in the sense of Kružkov) solutions are piecewise smooth for $f_1 \equiv f_2 \equiv f$, f purely convex or having a single inflection point. A mechanism leading to a presumed loss of piecewise smoothness is presented for f having three or more inflection points. The analysis is based on a study of the generalization of the one-dimensional Riemann problem to allow for initial data having a finite number of jump discontinuities with constant data or rarefaction waves between jumps.


Zebrafish are appropriate for research in developmental biology for a number of reasons. Their large brood size, relatively short generation time, and modest space requirements make them easier to breed than many other vertebrates. Also, their embryos are clear and develop outside of the mother, facilitating easy screening for visual abnormalities that might occur during development. Therefore, zebrafish are good organisms for genetics, including screens for mutations in genes affecting development. Genetic tricks such as the creation of haploids or gynogenotes could also facilitate screening (reviewed in Driever et al., 1994).A large scale mutagenic screen in Boston and Tübingen, Germany, recently identified more than 400 genes important to zebrafish embryogenesis (Driever et al., 1996; Haffter et al., 1996). The development of the zebrafish immune system is of particular interest to our laboratory. In order to use the full potential of zebrafish in detecting immune system mutations, it is necessary to develop markers and describe the early development of the immune system. For these purposes, the lab previously cloned the recombination activating genes, rag1 and rag2 (Willett et al., 1997 a). These genes are expressed primarily in the thymus, a structure which becomes visible by whole mount in situ hybridization on day four of development (Willett et al., 1997 b). We would like to have an additional marker for lymphoid cells which is expressed earlier than the rags. We decided to clone ika1. In mice, Ikaros is a zinc finger transcription factor essential for the development of all lymphoid lineages. The gene is expressed in mice in T and B lymphocytes and natural killer cells as well as their progenitor cells (Georgopoulos et al., 1992; Georgopoulos et al., 1994). Thus, ika1 is expected to be expressed somewhat earlier in the lymphoid lineages than the rag genes.We therefore cloned the ika1 genomic DNA and used a PCR fragment to do in situ hybridization in zebrafish embryos. This paper also describes initial attempts to isolate the promoter regions of the rag1 and ika1 genes and fuse them to the coding region of GM2, a variant of the green fluoresika1 and rag1 as Markers for the Development of the Zebrafish Immune System


RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES.The authors conducted a survey of dedicated thoracic radiologists and tabulated their preferences for reconstruction algorithm, display, and photography of computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest. METHODS.Data were derived from a mail survey of 343 active members of the Society of Thoracic Radiology and based on a set of 20 questions about the display and photography of chest CT scans. The response rate was 35.4%. RESULTS.There were 119 usable replies from 31 states and 8 countries. Although there was considerable variation, the questionnaire indicates that the "typical" dedicated thoracic radiologist, regardless of practice setting, uses a standard reconstruction algorithm for chest CT and prints images on a laser imager using the "sharp" setting with a 12-on-1 format. Window settings for evaluating the lung are window-width 1500 HU and window-level —600 HU. Window settings for evaluating the mediastinum arc window-width 350 HU and window-level 40 HU. CONCLUSIONS.Although there is wide variation in the preferences used to display and photograph chest CT scans, most thoracic radiologists have similar display preferences.


The invention relates to a method for the manufacture of pressed products made from fiber-containing raw materials such as wood, straw, peat, or the like, which are also known as renewable raw materials. In order to produce good pressed products, fiber-containing raw materials with water, steam and if desired, further additives with the mixture being maintained prior to compression for a long time at a high temperature in an intermediate container (4) are mixed under heating of the raw materials and additives.


The systematic review is a publication of secondary source, that is, it summarizes the information of primary articles, however it is necessary that the elaboration process is described in a transparent and understandable way, from the collection of articles, the criteria of the articles and the analysis of the results, to make it systematic. We can make a review of a topic without it being systematic, the difference is always the degree of evidence, the meta-analysis is the statistical analysis of two or more studies, these articles do not come from a systematic review, nor do all systematic reviews have meta-analysis. Systematic review is a scientific investigation that attempts to answer a research question. The elaboration process can be divided into simple stages, but it is important to show what was done in the study as well as the search dates. 1. Define the research question, 2. Establish eligibility criteria, 3. Establish the search strategy, 4. Analyze the bias and the results of the chosen studies, and 5. Interpretation and presentation of the results.


We describe the framework for an intelligent multimedia presentation system we designed to be part of the FOCAL laboratory, a semi-immersive environment for Command and Control Environment. FOCAL comprises a number of input devices and output media, animated virtual conversational characters, a spoken dialogue system, and sophisticated visual displays. These need to be coordinated to provide a useful and effective presentation to the user. In this paper, we describe the principles which underlie intelligent multimedia presentation (IMMP) systems and the design of such a system within the FOCAL multiagent architecture.


Aim. To synthesize and study the antitumor activity of 3-R-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives. Results and discussion. To determine the antitumor activity of 3-R-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine hydrobromides, the in vitro study was conducted on 60 lines of cancer cells (leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, CNS cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, renal cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer) according to the standard procedure of the mitotic activity assessment of new potential bioactive compounds by the fluorescent coloring method (sulforhodamine B as a dye). It was performed in the US National Сancer Institute within the Development Therapeutic Program. It has been found that derivatives of 3-R-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine exhibit the antineoplastic activity against a wide range of cancer cells lines and are promising core structures for creating new effective anticancer agents. Experimental part. 3-R-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine hydrobromides were synthesized by the interaction of 4-amino-5-R-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols with 4-methoxyphenacyl bromide in ethyl acetate. The 1Н NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker VXR-300 spectrometer (Germany) with the working frequency of 299.945 MHz. Conclusions. A series of 3-R-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine hydrobromides has been synthesized. The anticancer activity of the compounds obtained has been studied in the National Cancer Institute on 60 lines of tumor cells. Compounds that exhibit high levels of the antitumor activity have been found. It has been shown that the replacement of 3-H in compound 3a with ethyl or pentyl radicals leads to increase in the antitumor activity against MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells.


Molecular dynamics simulations based on pseudopotentials are used to characterize the difference between impurity rotations in classical versus quantum solids. The method is first applied to the pure solids and demonstrated to faithfully reproduce static and dynamical properties, in the form of pair distributions and phonon density of states of solid H2(D2). Then the rotations of molecular oxygen in the ground X(3Σg−) and electronically excited state A(3Δu) is investigated. Where the substitutional impurity is small, O2(X), in the classical solid, the cavity remains nearly spherical and the molecule undergoes rotation-translation coupled motion. In contrast, in the quantum solid, the lattice locally distorts around the impurity and forces librations with occasional reorientational hops as rotation-distortion coupled motion. These effects are amplified in the excited O2(A) state, in which due to the larger molecular bond length, the angular anisotropy of the guest–host interaction is larger. Now, in the cl...