Background: Pentacyclic triterpenoid acids are common in a number of food and spice plant species.  Apples (Malus domestica) are the most common human food source for these potentially beneficial phytochemicals.  Pre-20th century heritage apples have long been grown in mountainous western North Carolina and may be a wide-ranging source of these phytochemicals. Objectives: Existing extraction and analytical methods were improved and used to assess the content of three triterpenoid acids in heritage apple cultivars grown in western North Carolina, USA.Methods: Apples from a local farmers market were collected during the fall apple season. Apple peels were freeze dried, ground, and extracted with ethanol thrice.  Extracts were analyzed by HPLC against external standards for betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids.Results: The improved method was used to extract and to analyze the triterpenoid acid levels in 16 heritage apple cultivars grown in the Appalachian region of western North Carolina.  Total triterpenoid acids ranged from 2 to 29 mg/g dry weight of peels.  Content did not vary by apple color or time of harvest. Russeted varieties contained noticeably less triterpenoids.Conclusions: An improved and simplified method was used for the analysis of heritage apple varieties in western North Carolinas.  A wide range of values was found for these compounds of increasing interest in the human diet and in human health. Keywords: apples, phytochemicals, triterpenoids, ursolic acid, Appalachia


Resternotomy after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a highly challenging situation, especially in the presence of patent grafts. Cardiac injury, bleeding, injury of a patent graft, especially such as the internal thoracic artery, and the difficulty of resternotomy are major problems that may increase morbidity and mortality in these patients. In this article we present a 61-year-old male patient with a previous CABG surgery who had mitral valve replacement on beating heart with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass. On-pump beating heart normothermic mitral valve replacement without cross-clamping the aorta through right anterolateral thoracotomy is a simple and safe procedure. We think that this procedure may be a good option for reoperation especially in patients with patent bypass grafts.


We describe a system for localization of photoelectron events utilizing an intensified Plumbicon camera and a Grinnell video digitizer. The Grinnell digitizer, arithmetic unit and memory are used to produce a real-time video difference between current pixel value and previous pixel value thereby suppressing multiple detection of the same event. A master clock provides synchronization with the camera in operation at 60 Hz in 240 lines/field, repeat field mode. Our event-localization scheme provides double-buffered line-address and event-amplitude for up to 32 events along a 512 pixel video line. A software algorithm allows localization of multiple detections of the same event, and provides a unique address interpolated with 1/2 line resolution by the host minicomputer in a 480 x 512 format.


Abstract For autocatalysis coupled with diffusion the local periodic concentration profiles are influenced essentially by electrical transport and convection. When diffusion is negligible for Michaelis-Menten-kinetics equations are given to determine the kinetic parameters Vmax and Km from transport measurements.


OBJECTIVE To preparation of osthole aquogel suppository and to establish its assay method.METHODS The optimal formula was optimized by orthogonal experiment and the content of osthole aquogel suppository was determined by HPLC.RESULTS The optimized formula was as follows: sodium alginate 0.4 g,Tween-80 2.4 g,glycerol monostearate 1.2 g,carbomer 0.4 g.With the optimal formula,the content of osthole in 3 batches of suppositories were 13.23,13.95,13.19 mg,respectively.CONCLUSION The design of the formula is reasonable,the method for assaying is simple,fast and accurate.


The resolution of the current role confusion of the VA's long-term health care programs provides an instance of the contribution that a social work planner can make in a health care or a social service system. The current role of the VA's geriatric programs is analyzed. The social work planner's contribution is defined as the analysis of problems, the definition of alternative solutions, and the selection of an appropriate option. The special values of social work allow its planners to argue for unique solutions.


Through the Cloud Call Center page, PT Telkom has a customer service that is aimed at providing services to customers. The quality of CRM Cloud Call center services needs to be improved to solve customer complaints. This research aims to increase the number of customer satisfaction and loyalty through communicative interactions between cloud call center systems and customers. Several tools are used to build automated machines as applications for conducting Cloud Call Center training connected to data based via a server. The methodology in this research is to use path analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a direct influence between the CRM Cloud Call center service system on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The indirect effect shows that there is a significant positive relationship between the cloud call center service system and customer loyalty through customer satisfaction.


The utility of aircraft multispectral scanner data for describing the land cover features of an abandoned contour-mined coal mine is considered. The data were obtained with an 11 band multispectral scanner at an altitude of 1.2 kilometers. Supervised, maximum-likelihood statistical classifications of the data were made to establish land-cover classes and also to describe in more detail the barren surface features as they may pertain to the reclamation or restoration of the area. The scanner data for the surface-water areas were studied to establish the variability and range of the spectral signatures. Both day and night thermal images of the area are presented. The results of the study show that a high degree of statistical separation can be obtained from the multispectral scanner data for the various land-cover features.


In many Rapid Prototyping applications, surface is a major concern of importance. Not all RP technologies produce finished parts, which makes secondary processes, such as grinding or polishing, possible. These additional steps add time and cost to prototyping. As the goal of RP technology is to produce finished models quickly and at a low cost, producing the right surface on RP parts is important. Industrial Parts makers and manufacturers usually describe the performance of their devices in terms of accuracy or minimal layer thickness, and minimal surface roughness achieved.


Nine malting and six hulless barley varieties were evaluated for their grain characteristics, β-glucans, total phenolic contents, and corresponding antioxidant activities determined by DPPH radical scavenging method. Samples were malted to compare malt quality properties between hulled and hulless types of barley and to estimate the influence of malting process on total phenolics. The highest levels of total phenolics and antioxidant activity were observed in the hulless barley lines GZ-191 and GZ-186. Malts were found to have higher antioxidant activity and contents of total phenolics than their corresponding barley. Results from the present study showed that hulless barley lines had on average higher protein, starch, β-glucan, malt extract content, and wort viscosity, but lower Kolbach Index and malt friability when compared to hulled malting varieties. The analysis of fifteen different barley samples shows that the barley type has an influence on both the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity, as well as on the malting performance of hulless and hulled barley.


Firstly the paper introduces the definition of RFID,the development process of RFID,the composition of RFID,and the classification of RFID in detail.Secondly it expounds working principle of RFID.Thirdly it studies application areas of RFID further.By above can be obtained that RFID is a kind of more popular automatic identification technology.Due to RFID's simple operation,reading quickly,accurately and conveniently,in social life it plays more and more important role,and especially can be applied to some non-contact special occasions.


Human activities on land result in the high-level production of nutrients. When these nutrients reach coastal waters, they could drive the eutrophication process. Here we present the Land Uses Simplified Index (LUSI), an easy-to-use tool for assessing continental pressures on coastal waters. This assessment is done by indirectly estimating continental nutrient loads and concentrations and their influence on coastal waters. LUSI is based on systematic information describing both the land uses that influence coastal waters by providing nutrient-rich freshwater inflows (urban, industrial, agricultural, and riverine) and the coastline morphology, which can modify this influence, as it determines the degree of coastal water confinement and therefore the likelihood that these inflows will be diluted. A low LUSI value indicates that coastal waters are not or only slightly influenced by continental pressures and/or that these pressures are diluted. On the contrary, a high LUSI value indicates that coastal waters are strongly influenced by continental pressures and/or that these pressures are not diluted. LUSI fulfils a methodological gap, as a simple method to assess coastal pressures when there is a lack of information. Furthermore, it fulfils the requirement of the Water Framework Directive for a true pressure assessment (i.e. not confounded with impact), which for coastal waters imply using pressure data from land. An additional and important feature of LUSI is that it allows the establishment of pressure-impact relationships with impact indicators, such as those related to the Biological Quality Elements of the above Directive. For example, a relationship based on LUSI, as a proxy of pressure, and on the chlorophyll-a concentration, as a proxy of phytoplanktonic biomass and, thus, of the eutrophication impact. By providing insights into the land uses that trigger eutrophication in coastal waters, LUSI aids in the design of measures aimed at remediating anthropogenic damage caused to the environment.


The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of nasal airway  obstruction among patients attending the dental clinic of Ajman University of Science & Technology (AUST) (Fujairah Campus/UAE) and how it affects their quality of life. A sample of 100 patients attending the dental clinic of (AUST) was examined for nasal obstruction. Demographic data, history taking, along with patient assessment of nasal obstruction with a nasal speculum and radiographs, were recorded. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using a questionnaire.The subjects 58% males and 42% females were 10-59 years old. 34% of the patients have nasal obstruction and 15% had history of trauma to the nose. 28% have difficulty in breathing through their nose. Nasal septal deviation accounted for the majority of the cases 94.1%. Nasal obstruction is a precipitating factor of quality of life, 61.7% of the patients were reported to have mild obstruction, 17% moderate obstruction and 2.9% severe obstruction. The study showed that 52% have habitual snoring and the effect of posture was reported to be 8.8%.


Introduction. In the course of the work the scientists have conducted an analysis of comorbid pathology was carried out in patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OCOPD) who underwent inpatient examination at the Clinic of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor. The study aims to research the frequency and nature of comorbid pathology in patients with OCOPD who underwent inpatient examination at the Clinic of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor. Materials and methods. In the course of the work we have conducted a retrospective analysis of the medical histories of patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were examined and treated at the Clinic of Occupational Pathology. Researchers have carried out the analysis of the histories using the regional register of occupational diseases of Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk Region created by the staff of the Research Institute of Hygiene and the permanent regional register of Occupational Diseases. Results. The study made it possible to determine the structure of comorbid pathology of patients with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were examined and treated at the Clinic of Occupational Pathology and School-related Diseases of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor. Conclusion. Comorbid pathology affects the severity of the patient's condition with OCOPD. We have made conclusions about the need for early diagnosis of occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its comorbid conditions, an individualized approach to each patient for effective rehabilitation. Ethics. The material of the article was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor (Protocol No. 3 of June 16, 2022).


This paper describes the delivery and development of a significant project underlying urban passenger rail transit growth in the greater Sydney metropolitan area. It discusses a case study of the Richmond Line Alliance, to make its points. Major topics covered include rail transit safety and risk management.


PURPOSE:
To determine the reliability and validity of a power-prescribed on-water graded exercise test (GXT) for flat-water sprint kayak athletes.

METHODS:
Nine well-trained sprint kayak athletes performed three GXTs in a repeated measures design. The initial GXT was performed on a stationary kayak ergometer in the laboratory (LAB). The subsequent two GXTs were performed on-water in an individual (K1) kayak (OW1, OW2). Power output (PWR), stroke rate (SR), blood lactate (BLa), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (V̇O2) and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured throughout each test.

RESULTS:
Both PWR and V̇O2 showed excellent test-retest reliability between OW1 and OW2 for all seven stages (ICC > 0.90). The mean results from the two on-water GXTs (OWAVE) were then compared to LAB, and no differences in V̇O2 across stages were evident (P ≥ 0.159). Power output was higher for OWAVE compared to LAB in all stages (P ≤ 0.021), except stage 7 (P = 0.070). Conversely, SR was lower for OWAVE compared to LAB in all stages (P < 0.010), except for stage 2 (P = 0.120).

CONCLUSION:
The on-water GXT appears to be a reliable test in well-trained sprint kayak athletes. Given the differences in PWR and SR between the laboratory and on-water tests, an on-water GXT may provide more specific outcomes for on-water training.


We present a rare case of primary pituitary T cell lymphoma/leukemia (T‐LBL) in association with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) expressing pituitary adenoma in a 55‐year‐old woman highlighting the importance of intra‐operative squash smears examination. The patient presented with complaints of headache, diminution of vision and recent onset altered sensorium. MRI revealed a mass lesion in the sellar‐suprasellar region with non‐visualization of pituitary gland separately, extending to involve adjacent structures diagnosed as invasive pituitary macroadenoma. Intra‐operative tissue was sent for squash smear examination. The cytology showed a tumor comprising of sheets of immature lymphoid cells intermixed with clusters of pituitary acinar cells with many mitoses and tingible body macrophages. A diagnosis of presence of immature lymphoid cells within the pituitary was offered and differentials of infiltration by lymphoma cells from systemic disease versus primary central nervous lymphoma‐like lymphoma arising in the pituitary adenoma were considered. Later paraffin section examination and immunohistochemistry corroborated with the squash findings and a final diagnosis of primary pituitary T cell lymphoma/leukemia in association with ACTH and TSH expressing pituitary adenoma was made. To date, only six cases of primary pituitary T cell lymphomas, including three T‐LBL cases, have been reported. This is the seventh case and first one additionally describing cytohistological correlation and importance of intra‐operative cytology.


Objective: Previous some systematic reviews reported that probiotics may benefit the prevention of NEC in preterm infants. But dissimilar bacterial strains and taxa used in included studies possibly result in bias. There is not a rounded systematic review which has estimated the benefit and safety of Enterococcus faecium to prevent NEC in preterm infants to date before we conducted. Methods: This systematic review of randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies analyzing the benefit of Enterococcus faecium to prevent NEC in preterm infants was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Wanfang data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from inception to April 14, 2023. The search terms were "preterm" AND "necrotizing enterocolitis" AND "Enterococcus faecium OR probiotics." Studies reporting NEC involving preterm infants who were given Enterococcus faecium were included in this systematic review. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the stability of results. A funnel plot was generated to identify publication bias. Two authors appraised studies quality and extracted data independently. This work has been reported according with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated and analyzed. Results: Seven studies (N = 1487 participants) were included in this systematic review, and 6 randomized, controlled trials (N = 1237 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Comparing with the control groups, the Enterococcus faecium groups had a significant decline in the incidence of NEC Bell stage II or higher (RR: 0.3138, 95% CI: 0.1983–0.4965; P < .00001; 6 studies, n = 1237) and infection (RR: 0.4818, 95% CI: 0.2950–0.7869; P = .004; 3 studies, n = 710). Conclusions: Enterococcus faecium is effective and safe in preventing NEC (Bell stage II or higher) in preterm infants. But all studies included came from China. The dosages and durations of taking Enterococcus faecium were various.


We consider the recently proposed renormalization procedure for the nonlinear sigma model, consisting in the recursive subtraction of the divergences in a symmetric fashion. We compare this subtraction with the conventional procedure in power counting renormalizable (PCR) theories. We argue that symmetric subtraction in the nonlinear sigma model does not follow the lore by which nonrenormalizable theories require an infinite number of parameter fixings. Our conclusion is that only two parameters can be consistently used as physical constants. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Weâ€TMre the leading free Book for the world. Site is a high quality resource for free Kindle books.As of today we have many Books for you to download for free. You can easily search by the title, author and subject.Look here for bestsellers, favorite classics and more.The cbdoilproject.com is home to thousands of free audiobooks, including classics and out-of-print books. Project cbdoilproject.com download eBooks.


A Vivaldi TSA array has been designed and analysed. It can operate over 4-16GHz and be capable of scanning to 50deg. This study shows that the strong mutual coupling between elements plays a constructive role in the array performance of active impedance matching. The introduction of corrugated edge to the TSA element has no effect on the active matching but the scan gains are improved. Further research will be conducted toward developing analysis methods that account for the effects of mutual coupling in an array environment and identifying the pattern of mutual coupling mapping in an array that would provide desired bandwidth performance.


Laterial p-i-n photodiodes have been produced in a standard, unmodified commercial GaAs integrated circuit process (Vitesse Semiconductor Inc. HGaAs IV and V). The devices were modelled using the MEDICI simulation package, achieving a very good fit to both capacitance and DC light response measuremnts. The simulation recreated an interesting feature of the devices, wherein the detectors go from a low-performance to high-performance regime abruptly at a specific reverse bias. An analysis of the simulated behavior of the depletion region in the nominally intrinsic region of the device provided a partial answer to the physics behind this bias point. A second generation of devices of different geometries was fabricated and tested. The newer fabrication process showed a lower performance transition (~0.6 V) than the previous process (~4 V) for an identical layout geometry. Preliminary high-speed measurements of the newer devices are quite encouraging.


This paper describes another effective use of calcium aluminates in producing a high performance material. The material essentially consists of a calcium aluminate, a phosphate and a siliceous powder and it is fabricated by a hydrothermal hot-press method. The solidified bodies exhibit a high strength, especially for the system calcium hexa-aluminate, sodium or potassium meta-phosphate and silica fume (CAPS). It is necessary to use crystalline calcium hexa-aluminate and silica together with phosphate for preparing a high strength body. Similar to crystalline calcium hexa-aluminate, the other crystalline alkali earth metal hexa-aluminates, such as SrAl 12 O 19 and BaAl 12 O 19 also give a high strength. The strength of CAPS exhibits no strength degradation with time. Moreover, the thermal expansion of CAPS is very small below 500°C. The microstructure of CAPS is assumed to consist of crystalline alkali earth metal hexa-aluminates embedded in a cementitious poly-anion network and it is free from large defects.


Background  The number of medical programmes targeted at graduates is increasing and there are reports of beneficial outcomes. However, many new graduate medical schools have simultaneously changed their admission criteria and curricula. This study aimed to determine whether there were differences between graduates and undergraduates on the same medical course and to establish which differences might be due to having a prior degree, the course itself or age at entry to medical school.


Christopher McKnight Nichols Promise and Peril: America at the Dawn of a Global Age Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press;, 201 I ; 464 pp., ISBN: 978-0-674-04984-0, $37.00 (cloth).Christopher McKnight Nichols opens his study of American isolationism by quoting George W. Bush's warning, in his 2006 State of the Union address, that "the road of isolationism and protectionism may seem broad and inviting-yet it ends in danger and decline" (1). The bipartisan proclivity for employing "isolationist" solely as an epithet, Nichols writes, along with its binary opposition to internation- alism, "misconstrues the rich complexity of the origins of isolationism'' (1). Nichols seeks to reinterpret and rehabilitate isolationist thinkers of the period from roughly 1898 to 1940, whose ideas he frames as a response to turn-of-the-century imperialism and the Spanish-American War. This modern isolationism was "a constellation of ideas rather than a single principle or policy position" (352) and compatible with widely divergent approaches to foreign relations. Nichols is intent on proving that isolationism "did not entail cultural, economic, or complete political separation from the rest of the world" although "such a separation from the world is the first reaction that comes to mind." Isolationism was also rooted in conceptions of American domestic arrangements and "frequently turned, in fact and in debate, on the inner life of the nation" (352).This is nowhere near as daring and pathbreaking as it sounds. Not for decades has any serious student of American diplomacy believed that isolationism entailed the construction of impermeable barriers between America and the rest of the world. And there is already a rich literature (indeed, Nichols cites it extensively) that demonstrates how deeply rooted isolationist precepts were in conceptions of the good life at home. For example, Wayne S. Cole's many works on interwar isolationists amply illustrate the centrality of their Midwestern and agrarian roots to their suspicion of entanglements abroad. Yet if these elements of Nichols' larger argument are all too familiar, its parts are often greater than the whole. The ana- lyses of individual figures are discerning, well judged, and show a commendable grasp of the varied archival materials and relevant scholarly literature, even if Nichols' prose is often sloppy and the copy-editing is abysmal.Nichols gets off to a shaky start by choosing as one of his exemplary figures the Republican senator Henry Cabot Lodge, a vehement imperialist and navalist. Lodge was a prominent supporter of the "Large Policy" against which Nichols sees most of his other illustrative figures reacting, and his one isolationist trait was an absolutist conception of national sovereignty. In his case, this ruled out participation in the League of Nations as an intolerable abridgement of Congress's prerogative to decide if and where American troops were deployed and led him, as chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, to play a crucial role in preventing American ratification of the Treaty of Versailles. If Lodge can be shoehorned into the isolationist camp, questions arise of just who could plausibly be excluded and whether what Nichols surveys is in fact a coherent tradition or world view at all.Fortunately, most of the other individuals to whom Nichols devotes chapters fit the isolationist mould more consistently and amount to something better resem- bling a unified school of thought. Their principal shared preoccupation is with the fate of individual liberty in the wake of the giant industrial and military organizations ushered in by the new century. Nichols turns first to the philosopher William James, previously apolitical but a stalwart of the Anti-Imperialist League after American troops were committed to occupying the Philippines. Aptly enough for a founder of Pragmatism, James judged America's dalliance with empire by its consequences, and feared that however elevated the motives and rhetoric of empire, the reality would be brutality abroad and conformity at home. …


In Kitakyushu, the site which exceeds from the environmental standard value for over 6db (A) in the arterial road at the night exists for about 30%. Authors notice the utilization of sound insulation ability such as stone wall and block fence of the roadside as the countermeasure. However, the noise reduction depends on positional relation among sound source, top of wall and observation point. It is better of the theoretical examination which can assume various situations than the experimental examination. Authors have already reported the calculation method of noise reduction by the wall and equivalent level noise from mad traffic. Purposes of this study are as follows. A) By practical vehicle driving experiment, it is verified that the calculation method which authors have already reported can also apply to the calculation of noise reduction of stone wall and block fence. B) The possibility of the noise reduction over 6db (A) is judged by the utilization of stone wall and block fence with the height seen in the roadside.


Objective : Endometriosis in a surgical scar following cesarian section is rare condition. And its pathogenesis has not been well established, The purpose of this study is to observe the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-I (TIMP-1) in scar endometriosis and full term endometrium during cesarian section. Methods: Nineteen scar endometriotic tissue and ten full term pregnant endometrium during cesarian section were investigated by immunohistochemical stain for MMP-9 and T1MP-1. Results: The MMP-9 was expressed in eleven of nineteen scar endometriotic tissue (57.9%) and eight of ten full term pregnant endometrium (80.0%). The T1MP-1 was not expressed in both scar endometriotic tissue and full term pregnant endometrium. Conclusion : These results suggest that the relationship between MMP-9 and T1MP-1 might play a role of pathogenesis of scar endometriosis.


An experimental investigation of the dust explosion hazard in fossil fuel-fired power plants has been carried out. Explosion tests were conducted in a 20 l Siwek chamber to determine the effect of substituting petroleum coke for either Columbian coal or Powder River Basin coal. From the perspectives of explosion pressure and rate of pressure rise, petroleum coke was found to be an inherently safer fuel than either of the coals. Blending petroleum coke with either or both of these coals also resulted in an inherently safer fuel. Thus, in all cases tested, the presence of petroleum coke in the fuel reduced the prevailing dust explosion hazard (primarily because of the low volatile content of the petroleum coke).


Tidal bores are sudden discontinuities in water depth, and can be classified as undular and breaking bores when tidal waves propagate upstream in a river mouth and on beaches. The impact of different types of bores on sediment transport is not clear; hence, specially designed experiments were conducted to clarify the mechanism of sediment initiation. Here, a laser Doppler anemometer, a force sensor, and ultrasonic displacement meters accompanied by video recordings were used to investigate simultaneously the incipient motion of sediment under tidal bores. No sediment motion was observed during the initial steady flows. It was observed that only a few particles changed their initial position during the undular bore; however, a group of particles were seen moving upstream during the breaking bore. The inception of sediment motion was closely related to the passage of the breaking roller, that is, the forces that caused the inception of particle motion were not only due to velocity but also to the sudden discontinuity in free water surface. According to the experimental results, the upward vertical force due to swelling in free water surface before the roller toe was the main force in destabilizing the particles. Later, a large upstream longitudinal force was found to be the dominant cause promoting upstream particle motion during the breaking roller passage. Furthermore, phases of both horizontal and vertical forces play an important role in tidal bore propagation. It is interesting to note that by using the measured force, the observed phenomenon can be well explained by the Shield threshold criterion.


Then we admit l inear growth of f with respect to u, u~ and uy, reducing this case to an existence theorem of [1] by means of a priori estimates. Next, we prove a theorem on dependence on parameters for (3}. Essentially, it says that the solution of (3) depends absolutely continuously on the parameter if the right hand side g has the same property and satisfies a LzPscHi~z condition with respect to u. ~_pplyng this theorem, we state some conditions sufficient


The Direct path and multipath interference (DPI and MPI) Cancellation is a crucial issue in the passive radar. In this paper, two improvements have been done in NLMS algorithm. One is to estimate the values and distribution of DPI and MPI roughly, and then remove them from the echo signal before filtering. The other one is to vary the step size of NLMS according to the cross correlation function of the reference signal and the output signal of the adaptive filter. The performance of the improved algorithm in passive radar DPI and MPI Cancellation is reported. The computer simulation results show that the algorithm has a faster convergence rate and a smaller steady state error.


It is essential for vehicles acquiring one's own current position to navigate autonomously. Especially, vehicles usually do not clearly obtain GPS information at indoor environments. In order to localize itself, vehicles have to use absolute and relative measurement systems from surrounding environmental and its driving information. Absolute position information such as environmental structures and magnets located on the ground can be used for offsetting the error of vehicle's relative position estimated from encoder and inertial sensors. In this paper, we describe how a variety of multi-sensors are integrated to measure the precise position of a vehicle. This means that as a way to reduce the relative position error, sensor fusion is able to produce accurate navigation information. In order to sense indoor environmental structures such as walls, artificial cones and magnets, we have employed LiDAR sensors and a magnet ruler, a device can detect magnetic field. Thus, we apply these information to Extended Kalman Filter for estimating vehicle's accurate position, and conduct two experiments to prove the effectiveness of the localization.


Biolnspired evolvable techniques significantly increase the functionality ofautonomous low-power detection systems by enabling themtolearn, adapt andself-reconfigure through use ofprogrammable BioFETdevices. Electronic artificial noses orsniffers asbiolnspired devices areunderdevelopment that produces holograms stored within three-dimensional protein memorystructures enabling automated real-time detection and classification ofodors, vapors andcontamination within gases.


Contamination of the environment by pesticide application in paddy fields of NE Thailand was characterised by, their toxicity to aquatic species, but specific classes of pesticides involved were not identified. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment and move through the food chain and may cause ecotoxicological and human health problems, hence the need for practical management tools. This research aimed at investigating a variety of techniques to screen contamination by pesticides in irrigation waters, and identify compounds that can be related to ecotoxicological effects in the paddy field ecosystem. It showed that pesticides such as desethylatrazine, atrazine, oxadiazon, dicofol, β-endosulfan and its degradation products (lactone and sulfate) are present at some sites. Pollution control authorities can develop monitoring tools for environmental management, to assist in providing sustainable agricultural practices in Thailand.


Abstract Street-level illegal drug markets generate much of the violence and intimidation that local communities face nowadays. These markets are mainly driven by territorial gangs who finance their activities through the sale of drugs. Understanding how the existence of both turf and drug market competition may have unintended consequences of law enforcement policies on violence is the main contribution of the paper. We propose a two-stage game-theoretical model where two profit maximizing gangs compete in prices and invest in guns. We find that policies such as traditional or community policing can have different and unexpected effects on the level of violence.


Introduction: The benign myoepithelioma is a rare tumor of the salivary glands. It is low grade and represents approximately 1% of the total benign lesions. Description: We present the case of a 48-year-old patient who visited the Otorhinolaryngology office for presenting a right parotid tumor. In fine needle aspiration, positivity is obtained for high-grade cystic adenoid carcinoma. Later in the histological study after the suprafacial parotidectomy, the lesion of benign myoepithelioma is diagnosed. Discussion: Fine needle aspiration for the cytological study is not very sensitive in these types of tumors, being able to give false positives and negatives, which make the myoepithelioma present a diagnostic security in the FNA around 75%. Why histological studies are needed when we observe how in the myoepithelioma a behavior similar to mixed tumor occurs, with absence of ductal structures and the existence of chromosomal alterations in 12q. Conclusions: The benign myoepithelioma can be confused by epi-myoepithelial carcinoma or with malignant myoepithelioma, presenting similarities with the latter.


We report the successful Kyropoulos growth of a large strontium tetraborate (SrB4O7, SBO) single crystal that weighs more than 300 g. In order to grow the large and transparent crystal, a new twin-type stirring blade was used along with a 150 mm diameter crucible. The use of the stirring blade results in the production of the world's largest SBO crystal with dimensions of 100 mm (a) ×30 mm (b) ×32 mm (c), a weight of 328.2 g, and wide transparency down to 130 nm. These results will then lead to the development of large SBO crystals as optical window materials for high-power DUV laser processing systems.


Abstract In the May 2023 issue, Wirtschaftsdienst published an essay entitled "Rail Infrastructure: Little Courage for Radical Reforms" by Alexander Eisenkopf. Jonas Becker takes a different view in a reply, followed by Alexander Eisenkopf explaining his position in a rejoinder.


In this paper, the properties of urban river water quality model's solutions have been discussed by comparison system, and the result is that the model has nonnegative solutions when all the parameters of model are positive.


The author would like to draw the reader's attention to an error in the following article: Lin HY, Cheng TT, Wang JH, Lee CS, Chen MH, Lei V, Lac C, Gammaitoni AR, Smugar SS, Chen WJ. Etoricoxib improves pain, function and quality of life: results of a real-world effectiveness trial. Int J Rheum Dis 2010; 13: 144–50. On Table 3, page 148, Dysphasia should have read Dysphagia. The author apologizes for this error and any confusion it may have caused. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2010; 13: 415


The graviton scattering in IIB superstring theory is examined in the context of S-duality and symmetry. There is an algebra that generates all of the terms in the four-point function to any order in derivatives. A map from the algebra to the scattering is given; it suggests the correctness of the full four-point function with the S-duality. The higher point functions are expected to follow a similar pattern.


Detection of facial feature is fundamental for applications such as security, biometrics, 3D modeling, and facial expression recognition. Active Shape Model (ASM) is one of the most popular local texture models for face detection. This paper addresses issues related to face detection and implements an efficient extraction algorithm for facial landmarks suitable for use on mobile devices. The original ASM was modified to enhance its performance (1) improving the initialization model using the center of the eyes by utilizing a feature ma of RGB color information, (2) building a modified model definition and fitting more landmarks than the classical ASM, and (3) extending and building a 2-D profile model for detecting faces in input images. The new scheme was evaluated on experimental test set containing over 500 images of faces and found to successfully extract facial features, clearly outperforming the original ASM.


Phase noise is of crucial importance in electric circuits. In this paper, we apply a generic phase noise theory to obtain an exact nonlinear stochastic equation for perturbed oscillator, then solve it and get a scalar constant c which is sufficient to describe jitter and spectral properties. By computing phase noise in a Colpitts oscillator using this theory and the time varying linearization method respetively, we get the result that the PSD has a finite value at carrier frequency and the total carrier power is preserved despite spectral spreading due to noise, whereas the result by the time varying linearization method exceeds the carrie power. Furthermore, by computing the noise contribution of each noise source, we illustrate how to reduce phase noise in circuit design.


The purpose of this study is to identify the relationships between AI education characteristics and psychological capital, psychological capital and flow, AI characteristics and flow through meditating effect of psychological capital in the digital convergence society. There are three AI characteristics: correctness, usefulness, easy of use. This empirical study was examined by 282 questionnaires to the three universities that teach accounting information system. It was performed by three-step method of the hierarchical regression analysis for the multiple regression analysis and parameter using the SPSS 22.0. The results and implications by analysis are as follows. First, AI characteristics and psychological capital have statistically significant positive influence. From AI attribute, correctness was established as the most important element. Second, psychological capital positively(+) influences flow. It allowed for the developed in flow. Third, psychological capital was shown as the major meditative variable between AI characteristics and flow. Through these, this paper suggests to reinforce self-efficacy, hope, resilience, optimism.


V_{A}(B) is a finite dimensional simple C -algebra. This condition is equivalent to the condition that B is a two sided simple ring and A is an H-separable extension of B and left B -finitely generated projective (See Theorem 1 [8] ) . Denote the class of simple C -subalgebras of V_{A}(B) by \mathfrak{T} , and the class of two sided simple subrings of A which are left relatively separable extensions of B in A by \mathfrak{S}_{l} (See [8] for the definition of relatively separable extension). Theorem 2 [8] shows that we can obtain mutually inverse one to one correspondences between \mathfrak{T} and \mathfrak{S}_{l} by letting each member of \mathfrak{T} or \mathfrak{S}_{l} correspond with its centralizer in A . In this paper we will show that a two sided simple subring S of A which contains B belongs to \mathfrak{S}_{l} if and only if A is left S-finitely generated projective. All notations and symbols in this paper are same as those in [8] and [10].


During the past few years, interest in the development of novel drug delivery systems for existing drug molecules has been renewed. The development of a novel delivery system for existing drug molecules not only improves the drug's performance in terms of efficacy and safety but also improves patient compliance and overall therapeutic benefit to a significant extent. Transdermally delivered drugs avoid the risk and inconvenience of intravenous therapy, usually provide less chance of an overdose or underdose, allow easy termination, and permit both local and systemic treatment effects. Transdermal drug delivery offers controlled release of the drug into the patient, it enables a steady blood level profile, resulting in reduced systemic side effects and, sometimes, improved efficacy over other dosage forms. The main objective of transdermal drug delivery system is to deliver drugs into systemic circulation through skin at predetermined rate with minimal inter and intra patient variation. The growth rate for transdermal drug delivery systems is expected to increase 12% annually by 2007.


The Book Finance and the Good Society was written by Robert J. Shiller who is the Sterling Professor of Economics at Yale University, a bestselling author of books like Irrational Exuberance and a Nobel Prize Laureat in Economics together with Eugene Fama and Lars Peter Hansen in 2013.


Simultaneous measurements were made of O2 exchange, inorganic carbon (Ci) accumulation and assimilation, and chlorophyll a fluorescence of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus UTEX 625. The addition of Ci to cells at the CO2 compensation point resulted in quenching of chlorophyll a fluorescence in the presence or absence of the CO2 fixation inhibitor, iodoacetamide. The magnitude of quenching was related to electron flow to terminal electron acceptors such as CO2 and O2. When photosynthetic CO2 fixation was allowed, the rate of electron transport, as expressed by (F*m – F)/F*m, was highly correlated with the onset of photosynthesis. When CO2 fixation was inhibited by the addition of iodoacetamide, the observed fluorescence quenching was consistent with the enhanced rate of O2 photoreduction that occurred when Ci was added. There was a close correlation (r = 0.98) between the magnitude of O2-dependent fluorescence quenching and the amount of O2 photoreduction. The degree of stimulation of electron flow to O2 p...


With the globalization of economy and information,society's demand for talent has changed,and this forced the reform of China's higher education.In the new situation,the Japanese reform of colleges and universities have also been put on the agenda.The model of traditional Japanese teaching based language is changing to the comprehensive model which is to train talent who is proficient in Japanese and has mastered certain technical ability.In the article the author states the views of the Japanese professional teaching from the objectives,curriculum,teaching methods and teachers and students on the current status of Japanese teaching.


In this paper the Casimir energy density, loop corrections, and generation of topological mass are investigated for a system consisting of two interacting real and complex scalar fields. The interaction considered is the quartic interaction in the form of a product of the modulus square of the complex field and the square of the real field. In addition, it is also considered the self-interaction associated with each field. In this theory, the scalar field is constrained to always obey periodic condition while the complex field obeys in one case a quasiperiodic condition and in other case mixed boundary conditions. The Casimir energy density, loop corrections, and topological mass are evaluated analytically for the massive and massless scalar fields considered. An analysis of possible different stable vacuum states and the corresponding stability condition is also provided. In order to better understand our investigation, some graphs are also presented. The formalism we use here to perform such investigation is the effective potential, which is written as loop expansions via path integral in quantum field theory.


In the process of development,commercial circulation enterprises began to group together and develop together.One of the important driving forces for that is the core competitiveness.Commercial circulation enterprises should take advantage of the group effect and fully consider this effect while determining the location,the scale of operation and type of operation.While create the power of commercial groups,the cities should attract more core enterprises,pay more attention to create the integrated core competitiveness,make the group to be with characteristics and to be more attractive,establish the strategic alliance and create the cultural competitiveness.


The object of the present paper is to generalize conformal curvature tensor of LP-Sasakian manifold with the help of a new generalized (0, 2) symmetric tensor Z introduced by Mantica and Suh [7]. Various geometric properties of the generalized conformal curvature tensor of LP-Sasakian manifold have been studied. It is shown that a generalized conformally ϕ-Symmetric LP-Sasakian manifold is an η-Einstein manifold


The present study aimed at studying the effect of some demographical factors on the mental status of motor-handicaped individuals in Jordan. The study explored the effect of causes of deficit (environmental vs. hareditary), social status (married vs. single), and place of stay (city vs. town) on self-concept for a sample of 340 Jordanian motor - handicaped individuals.
The results showed that there were significant differences in self-concept scores for causes of deficit. No. significant differences were found in self-concept scores for social status or place of stay. However, there were significant differences in some of the self - concept sub-scales for social status and place of stay.


of AbrahamLincoln and the Republican Party added to the toxic sectionalism of the times, but as Crofts points out, "the root issue [was] . . . the security of the slave system in the states where it existed," and not "the future of slavery in the territories where it did not yet exist" (p. 24). The presidential election of 1860 brought a moderate Republican to office but did nothing to stop the secession of seven Deep South states. Many Washington, D.C., insiders from the North and upper South were caught unprepared by the act and too late realized their profoundmiscalculation of the national mood.Was there any chance to save the United States from its self-inflicted termination? The answer was yes. The second, third, and fourth parts provide a riveting portrayal of the rise, fall, and fizzle of the "other thirteenth amendment." Northern leaders and a surprising number of upper South Unionists attempted to arrest and reverse secession by forging some kind of a compromise. The proposed thirteenth amendment emerged as a constitutionally conservative compromise with the best prospect to persuade white southerners that their property rights would be respected in perpetuity. With impressive research, Crofts deftly interweaves biographies of a diverse group of minor and major players, including Lincoln and William Henry Seward, with a sharp analysis of the complicated negotiations that ensued. Adding to the apt quotations from newspapers and other primary sources, Crofts draws on a rich vein of correspondence from vexed constituents reminding their elected officials not to abandon principles for political expediency. The attack on Fort Sumter, however, ended all hopes for a peaceable solution. Two epilogues and a bibliographical postscript underline Crofts's lively historiographical intervention animating the entire volume. This thirteenth amendment's forgotten story serves to make his argument that too many historians are picking and choosing selected evidence corresponding with twentyfirst-century values, thus distorting the past. The Civil War's current portrayal as a progressive march toward emancipation and freedom, Crofts observes, fits a pleasing narrative celebrating a triumphal abolitionism that simply did not exist. While Lincoln's role in the eventual Thirteenth Amendment is venerated in print and film, his support of the first one lies unexamined. Crofts's Lincoln personally abhorred slavery, but joined the majority of northern people in believing that the U.S. Constitution made the abolition of slavery in the southern states impossible. Lincoln's constitutional conservatism guided his political actions throughout the secession crisis and in early wartime, when he prized unity above all else. Daniel W. Crofts's smart revisiting of the secession crisis reminds us of the dangers of rewriting the past to accommodate the present.


This research aims to analyze the simultaneous or partially influenced variables of compensation, motivation, and organizational commitment on the performance of employees at PT. Citra Palu Minerals (CPM) in Poboya Village, Palu, Central Sulawesi. The research used a descriptive research type with a quantitative approach. The research sample used stratified random sampling. The type of data used in this research is quantitative which is collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation then analyzed using multiple linear regressions. The results of the research show that the variables of motivation, compensation and organizational commitment influence the performance of employees at PT. Citra Palu Minerals (CPM) in the Poboya Village, Palu simultaneously or partially. The significance value in the simultaneous and partial test obtained is smaller than the value of the level of significance (∝=0,05). Keywords: Compensation, Motivation, Organizational Commitment and Performance.


The purpose of this study was to look upon problems due to cultural differences that can emerge when translating a French text into Swedish. In order to examine these phenomena, I chose to translat ...


This thesis analyses vegetation regeneration in agricultural old-fields of the Venezuelan high Andes (päramos). Patterns of change in plant community structure in fallow fields in different stages of succession are quantified. Then, processes influencing changes in abundance of the dominant species are explored through the use of ecophysiological and demographic analyses and a plant-centred perspective on spatio-temporal processes. The results indicate that regeneration of vegetation physiognomy is relatively fast, with most dominant species colonising shortly after plot abandonment. However, the species richness of the mature ecosystem is not restored during the fallow times currently used by farmers. Comparative ecophysiological analysis supports the hypothesis that traits associated with fast growth (i. e. high photosynthesis and specific leaf area) are important for dominance during early succession, while traits associated with water stress resistance (e. g. high water use efficiency) are important during late seral stages. Successional changes in the spatial structure of the community as experienced by the dominant giant rosette species (Espeletia schultzii) are quantified using plant-centred spatial analysis techniques. A decrease in spatial aggregation between seedlings in early succession and adults in late succession suggests density-dependent regulation of population size. In addition, a successional increase in spatial segregation between E. schultzii and the dominant pioneer species (Rumex acetosella) suggests that competitive interactions could be involved in the decline of this introduced forb. However, the analysis of fine-scale spatio-temporal dynamics in permanent plots, indicates that late successional species (giant rosettes and shrubs) have a positive effect on the local drought-induced probability of mortality of R. acetosella. This emphasizes the potential contribution of late successional species on facilitating the long-term persistence of pioneer species, and the importance of analysing local neighbourhood interactions for understanding succession.


Using a sample of 4th and 5th graders, this study investigated whether students' mathematics anxiety differed significantly according to a group of variables. A total of 249 students participated in the study. "The Mathematics Anxiety Scale for Elementary School Students" and "The Personal Information Form" were used for data collection. Independent samples t-tests, Oneway Anova and Schefee test were used to analyze the data. Results showed that students' mathematics anxiety differed significantly according to gender, whether they liked mathematics class or not, whether they liked their mathematics teachers or not and the achievement level in mathematics. Female students reported significantly higher mathematics anxiety than males. Students who liked mathematics class and those who liked their mathematics teachers had lower anxiety. Students with higher achievement in mathematics reported lower degrees of mathematics anxiety. However, results did not show any significant difference in students' mathematics anxiety with respect to their grade level and gender-stereotypes about success in mathematics.


According to the air flow measurement principle, an automobile conditioner each outlet and atmospheric pressure based on zero characteristics has been developed. The experiment platform adopts V cone flowmeter gas flow indirect measurement of automotive air conditioning of the air outlet pipe, a detailed description of the design of the test bench of mechanical structure, measuring circuit, computer software, through the experimental result analysis, can realize the accurate measurement of air.


The second section (pp. 22-40) deals with the pictorial art of Homer's time (assumed to lie in the eighth century B.C.). Here the author of Friihe griechische Sagenbilder in Bootien is very much on his own ground, and must be heard with respect. He argues that Geometric art is not to be regarded so much as an abstracting reaction against CretanMycenaean realism, but as an attempt to reach a new naturalism—not limitation, but constantly increasing enrichment, is its aim (p. 23). This view he works out in considerable detail, with the help of his very well chosen and beautifully reproduced plates. Most are of familiar objects, from the great prothesis amphora in Athens (which leads him to quote —P43> ' 3— most impressive description of a modern Greek 'Totenklage' from the Tagebuchbldtttr of C. Christomanos [Vienna, 1899]) to the Penthesilea cup and the Codruspainter's cup showing Aegeus consulting Themis ; but one, to which five plates are rightly devoted, is completely new—an Attic jug (eighth century) now in the Museum Antiker Kleinkunst at Munich, with a remarkable shipwreck scene upon the neck. A montage (plate 11) makes the details clear; a warship has capsized and its helmeted (and perhaps corseleted) crew struggle among the fishes, except for one man who sits on the upturned keel (Hampe accepts this as Odysseus' shipwreck). Hampe concludes that the power 'durch knappste Andeutung dichteste Vorstellung zu vermitteln' is fundamental both to the Homeric simile and to early Greek art (p. 39), and we may accept this without going bail for all the steps in his argument. For example, his list of previously known 'Sagendarstellungen' (p. 30) includes the abduction of Helen by Paris on a lebes from Thebes in the British Museum—an identification which has been demolished by G. S. Kirk (B.S.A. xliv [1949], '49~5°)—d several of the others are almost as doubtful.


Measurement of the Bauschinger effect of ultra-thin metallic sheet by the conventional tension-compression (TC) test is challenging due to the premature buckling during compression. In this study, a test method based on a multi-layered sandwich specimen is newly introduced to suppress the buckling in the uniaxial compression. Theoretical calibration is conducted for obtaining accurate flow stress under compression by correcting the effects of adhesive and friction induced by supporting side plates. Also, strains during the TC tests are measured by the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. From the proposed TC test with the sandwich specimen, plastic deformation of 0.1-mm-thick ultra-thin pure titanium sheet was investigated under reverse loading. Finally, the constitutive model based on the distortional hardening concept is newly developed and calibrated to reproduce the Bauschinger effect of the investigated ultra-thin sheet subject to TC loadings.


X-ray intensity measurements for a single crystal of sodium fluoride obtained at four wavelengths by Howard & Jones [Acta Cryst. (1977). A33, 776-783] have been reanalysed using both the Cooper-Rouse and Becker-Coppens extinction formalisms in order to study the wavelength dependence of the extinction in this crystal, since the original analysis was unable to account for the wavelength dependence of the intensities of the strong reflections. The results indicate that the crystal is intermediate between type I and type II in nature and are consistent with the wavelength dependence predicted by the theories, although the extinction is not large enough at the shorter wavelengths to provide a useful test of the validity of the theoretical wavelength dependence. The analysis also demonstrates some of the possible consequences of the use of unbalanced weighting schemes and of inappropriate models for the scattering factors.


A critical assessment is made of psychological investigations into the personality of the librarian conducted over the last 30 years. The influence of societal stereotypes upon psychological research is examined. Problematic methodologies and conflicting results preclude the emergence of any distinct personality profile common to librarians. The studies fail to demonstrate links between the individual and the organization. The efficacy of the whole psychological enterprise is brought into question


Background: Providing stroke unit treatment for all stroke patients is a cross-national goal as stated in the WHO Helsingborg Declaration. In order to achieve specialized stroke care for a large area, two stroke centers and 12 community hospitals established an integrative stroke network. This evaluation was performed to analyze achieved advances in stroke management. Methods: Core network elements are: (1) establishing stroke wards in all hospitals; (2) continuous training in stroke treatment; (3) telemedicine service staffed by a 24 h/day 'strokologist' with capability for high-speed videoconferencing and transfer of CT/MRI images. Data were prospectively documented in the databank of the telestroke service, in the Bavarian Stroke Registry and in the controlling departments. Results: In 2003, 4,179 stroke patients were admitted to the regional network hospitals. Between February 2003 and January 2004 a total of 2,182 teleconsultations were conducted. 250 teleconsultations yielded a nonvascular diagnosis. Indicators for stroke management quality improved compared with other hospitals without stroke unit: the frequency of CT/MRI within 3 h was 59% compared to 46%, frequency of speech therapy 36% (21%), and of occupational therapy 38% (12%). Eighty-six (2.1%) of the patients received systemic thrombolysis compared to 10 patients in the preceding year. Mean length of in-hospital stay decreased from 12.4 in 2002 to 9.7 days in 2003. Conclusions: This stroke network concept leads to a substantial improvement of stroke management. Telemedicine contributes to an early etiological assessment and fills the gap of specialized stroke expertise in neurologically underserved areas.


Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of either soluble or insoluble fibre naturally occurring in wheat and oats, on technical pellet quality and nutritional value for broiler chickens. In exp. 1, the effects of insoluble fibre were studied by mixing diets based on wheat or naked oats with either coarse or fine oats hulls followed by pelleting. Hull inclusion increased (P < 0.05) starch gelatinisation, especially in the diets based on oats. Addition of finely ground oats hulls improved pellet durability, in particular after storage, while no such effect was observed for coarse oats hulls. Oats hulls inclusion caused a more elastic pellet with higher breaking resistance (P < 0.05). Lower (P < 0.05) energy consumption was observed for diets based on oats compared with wheat, while no effect of fibre inclusion on energy consumption was found. In exp. 2, the influence of pelleting on the viscosity effect of soluble fibres in diets based on wheat or oats was studied. A significant increase (P < 0...


Electronic commerce has paved the way for online direct marketing;environmental awareness has also lead to the development reverse logistics and closed-loop supply chains.Because each member of the supply chain would like to protect their self-own interests,conflicts among members often surface.The closed-loop supply chain can produce the so-called "double marginalization" phenomenon that willreduce the performance of supply chain system.The goal of supply chain coordination is to eliminate the "double marginalization" effect,align the interest of individual members with the overall interests of the entire supply chain in order to optimize supply chain performance. Electronic direct marketing channel is more effective than the traditional sales channel because it has many advantages,such as has a wider covered range,lower operating costs,more product choice and better services,and easy to collect customer information.The dual channel model in integrating electronic direct marketing channel into the traditional channel is becoming main stream in order to assimilate its advantages. However,the dual channel model is weakening the dependence of manufacturer on the retailer,and channel conflict issues.However,the coordination of the closed-loop supply chain within e-commerce environment requires both vertical and horizontal integration between supply chain members.As a result,achieving the overall optimization of supply chain system becomes a key issues for the multi-channel e-supply chain system. This paper mainly explores the dual channel structure and the pricing strategy of the closed loop supply chain under different recovery modes. Taking into account the recycling of waste products supplied by the manufacturer or retailer or the third party,the dual-channel closed-loop supply chain under e-commerce environment has three models: MeRCRM(manufacturer recycling),MeRCM(retailer recycling) and MeRCTM model(third-party recycling). The first part describes the research bilateral monopoly market structure which has only one main manufacturer and a retailer,and the volume discounts coordination mechanisms of dual channel closed-loop supply chain MeRCRM model under demand certainty,asymmetric information,the model holds manufacturer as the core business,considers both centralized decision-making and independent decision-making.The second part of the article establishes a pricing strategy of the dual-channel closed-loop supply chain MeRCRM model under centralized decision-making. The third part builds a pricing strategy of MeRCRM CLSC under the decentralized decision-making based on Stackelberg game. The fourth part builds a quantity discount model of MeRCRM CLSC based on Stackelberg game,and then solves the model. The fifth part compares the pricing strategy between the centralized and decentralized decision-making,we find that the retail price under the traditional channel is lower,sales volume will be increased and the system profit will be decreased,but the retail price of electronic commerce direct sales channel keeps the same under different decision-making. The seventh part is the numerical simulation.The results prove the previous conclusions.Moreover,we give the trend chart about profit of the manufacturer and the retailer with β,and the difference of profit with different d.


It is proved that in the case of zero characteristic of the ground field a variety of Lie algebras not containing a 3-dimensional simple algebra is solvable in the following cases: 1) The variety has a distributive lattice of subvarieties. 2) The variety satisfies all the identities of the infinite-dimensional Witt algebra. Bibliography: 13 titles.


We demonstrate an approach that provides a precise control of the dimension of InAs from one-dimensional (1-D) nanowires to wafer-scale free-standing two-dimensional (2-D) nanosheets, which have a high degree of crystallinity, using molecular-beam epitaxy by controlling catalyst alloy segregation. In our approach, 2-D InAs nanosheets can be obtained directly from 1-D InAs nanowires by silver-indium alloy segregation, which is much easier than all previously reported method, such as traditional buffering technique and select area epitaxial growth. Detailed transmission electron microscopy investigations provide a solid evidence that the catalyst alloy segregation is the origination of the InAs dimensional transformation from 1-D nanowires to 2-D nanosheets, and even to three-dimensional complex crosses. Using this method, we find that the wafer-scale free-standing InAs nanosheets can be grown on various substrates including Si, MgO, sapphire and GaAs etc. The InAs nanosheets grown at high temperature are pure phase single crystals. Our work will open up a conceptually new and general technology route toward the effective controlling the dimension of the low-dimensional III-V semiconductors. It may also enable the low-cost fabrication of free-standing nanosheet-based devices on an industrial scale.


A coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed octagonal super-wideband fractal antenna is presented. It comprises four iterations of an octagonal slot-loaded octagonal radiating patch, CPW feedline, and modified ground plane loaded with a pair of rectangular notches. An impedance bandwidth of 3.8–68 GHz (179%) – i.e. a17.89:1 ratio bandwidth – is achieved. Desirable radiation performance characteristics, including relatively stable and omnidirectional radiation patterns, are obtained over this range. The experimental and simulation results are found to be in good agreement. The designed antenna has the advantages of wider bandwidth and miniaturised size over the previously reported structures.


In this research, the terms that derive from the well-known work of Nietzsche «The Birth of Tragedy" will be clarified to be used as polarities in the analysis of Edward Hopper's work. The Apollonian-Dionysian dichotomy has been used to contrast the logic and the instinct, culture and savage nature. But in Nietzsche, both are paramount artistic drives. Through their coupling, Attic tragedy emerged, considered as the pinnacle of culture, a beacon-guide for the redemption from the existential impasse in contemporary societies, brought about by the predominance of the Socratic element with its rationalism and morality.
Hopper's work constitutes a field to consolidate this theory, as it conveys truths that stand above basic existence or simple everyday life. It expresses the impossibility to harmonize reason with imagination and the illogical, the alienation of the individual from the "other" and nature.


The invention discloses a multifunctional three-dimensional surrounding golf practice court. The multifunctional three-dimensional surrounding golf practice court is mainly formed by a main body structure (1), a net encircling structure (2), turf ground (3) and an auxiliary device (4), wherein the main part of the main body structure is a steel structure, other part of the main body structure is formed by a curtain (21), a safety nylon blocking net (22) and a safety protection net (24), and the artificial turf ground (3) is paved in an internal place. The multifunctional three-dimensional surrounding golf practice court disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the structure is compact and simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the use, the maintenance and the repair are simple and easy.


On the basis of research results of the metal casting penetration technology, the application of the metal casting penetration technology and study on the casting penetration mechanism, the casting penetration process and its influencing factors are reviewed in this paper, and the problems and the development directions about this technology are also pointed out.


This paper expounds the educational function of the library of higher vocational college,analyzes the superiorities of the library of higher vocational college in the ideological and political education for the students,and puts forward some strategies for optimizing the ideological and political education of the library of higher vocational college.


Goal. The purpose of the article is to analyze the prospective opportunities for improving the tourist potential of the city Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky.

Method. The methodical basis of the work is the works of domestic scientists in the field of tourism, scientific periodicals, Internet resources, statistics of the Main Department of Statistics in Кviv Oblast, etc., which reflect the characteristics of the state of the tourist and recreational industry of the region

Results As a result of the research, the tourist potential of the city Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky has been analyzed. Were proposed the directions of development of the city. They will ensure the preservation of historical monuments, improvement of service and infrastructure, and the popularity of the city. In turn, this will increase the number of tourists that visit the city and improving the tourism potential in general.

Scientific novelty. The main problems of tourism development in the city Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky are determined, and suggestions on increasing the tourist potential are given.

Practical significance. The coverage of tourism development problems in the city Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky and the methods of their solution will increase the attractiveness of the city for sponsors and entrepreneurs. Increasing the tourist potential of the city will contribute to a larger flow of funds for the overall development of the city and the region.


Abstract The microwave spectrum of the 35 Cl and 37 Cl isotopic species of 1-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-133b) has been investigated in the frequency region 10 to 50 GHz using a Stark modulation microwave spectrometer. A pulsed jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer was also used for the measurement of hyperfine splittings. A least-squares analysis of the observed b -type Q - and R -branch transition frequencies gave rotational and centrifugal distortion constants and components of the chlorine nuclear quadrupole coupling constant tensors in the principal axes system as follows: A =4625.161 (3) MHz, B =2004.127 (2) MHz, C =1875.813 (2) MHz, Δ J =0.144 (9) kHz, Δ JK =1.0748 (8) kHz, Δ K =1.57 (1) kHz, δ J =0.01376 (4) kHz, δ K =−0.146 (4) kHz, χ aa =−57.958 (10) MHz, χ bb =21.231 (11) MHz, and χ cc =36.727 (11) MHz for 35 ClCF 2 CH 2 F species, and A =4607.684 (6) MHz, B =1960.565 (2) MHz, C =1834.823 (2) MHz, Δ J =0.106 (7) kHz, Δ JK =1.022 (3) kHz, Δ K =1.48 (1) kHz, δ J =0.0142 (2) kHz, δ K =−0.18 (2) kHz, χ aa =−46.268 (11) MHz, χ bb =17.319 (13) MHz, and χ cc =28.950 (13) MHz for 37 ClCF 2 CH 2 F species. The structural parameters are calculated from the observed six rotational constants by assuming the partial structure of ab initio calculation. The electronic properties of the C–Cl bond are evaluated from the observed nuclear quadrupole constants of chlorine. These molecular properties are compared with those of other related molecules.


This paper presents a method for modeling the interaction between lightning strokes and grounding grid in semi-infinite dissipative medium. We treat the two cases of direct and indirect effects of lightning strike. In the first case, we inject in the impact point of grounding grid a lightning current of Heidler's form, and we calculate the potential distribution, currents on the grid and the electromagnetic field it will emit. For the second case, we treat a problem of electromagnetic coupling to calculate the induced currents which are developed on the grounding grid illuminated by a lightning channel located in its vicinity. The lightning channel is modeled as monopole antenna energized by current source at its base. The assessment of the induced current distribution is obtained by solving the Pocklington's equation of using the method of the moments. The transient electromagnetic field components are evaluated using a new method based on the concept of the hertzian dipoles and the asymptotic expansion of a single dipole.


In order to prolong the storage life of Indian Jujube fruit, the effects of heat treatments were studied. The result showed that the better means of heat treatments was heat-water among two kinds of heat-treatments. Fruits were immersed in 55 ℃ hot-water for 10 min ,that could improve the fruit quality dramatically and inhibit the changes of index of rotting, sound fruit rate, hurt of hot-treatment and water loss significant during storage. After the 30 day of storage, decay indexes was 8.61%,fresh rate was 81.67%,Tss and TA was 9.4% and 4.06% respectively, and Vc was 28.17 mg/100 g.


Environmental education should be a continuous process, carried out in a formal and non-formal manner, seeking citizens' social and environmental awareness about a certain problem that affects society, caused by anthropic activities. Since man through these activities tends to generate environmental impacts, such as household solid waste: organic and inorganic, which are present in the generation of environmental impacts on the environment when not intended for recycling, causing soilcontamination, air , groundwater and river water. This article aims to demonstrate the actions taken to mitigate the household solid waste problem in the urban site of Paripiranga-Ba, made by trainees from Chemistry Degree course, in the development of Environmental Education activities in municipal schools: President Emílio Garrastazu Medici, Our Lady of Coité Educational Center and Professor Francisco de Paulo Abreu. The target audience (children, adolescents, youth and teachers) have been sensitized and instructed to carry the message to other family members and thus will be disseminating information about the correct procedures regarding waste separation and management. Be proactive in society, aware of the responsible citizens duties in household waste management.


ABSTRACT. Through the Danish National Patient Registry we identified all children 0–15 years old who had been splenectomized during the period 1979–87 and all children of the same age who, during the same period of time, had been admitted to a hospital because of either meningitis or bacteraemia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. We wanted to see whether any of the splenectomized children had developed invasive pneumococcal infection during the observation period.


The article analyzes research prospects of porous powder mineral materials for stabilizing additives used for macadam mastic asphalt concrete mixtures. The interaction of finely dispersed crushed claydite powder with a bituminous binder was studied. Efficiency of the use of expanded clay powder as a stabilizing additive for macadam mastic asphalt concrete was identified. It was revealed that modification of MMAC with expanded clay powder increases strength properties, heat resistance and water resistance of a bituminous mineral material. The effect of highly dispersed porous mineral powder on a steady increase in crack resistance, frost resistance and shear resistance of MMAC was identified. While studying rheological characteristics of crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete, it was revealed that the structure of the modified MMAC provides maximum rigidity, triaxial compression and shear, maximum flexibility and high deformability of the coating of the material


refers to the peculiar dynamic phenomenon that for small ε ≪ 1 the evolution consists of two stages : a) a fast initial transient during which an N-wave is formed (almost identical to the inviscid ε = 0 case) followed by b) a very slow decay of the N-pro le to a di usion wave, the system's asymptotic state. Subsequently, Beck and Wayne [2] have given a rigorous treatment of the problem, which they regard as a toy model for Navier-Stokes. In this contribution, we propose a new approach to the analysis of metastabilty based on relative entropy in the sense of [3]. As pointed out in [4], the phenomenon of metastability is quite relevant to the numerical integration of PDEs, from the perspective of long-time behavior of numerical schemes. This aspect is also considered.


This paper propose a clever method for the development to raise the over all performance of computeraid diagnosis and for computer, pulmonary nodule identity computed to mography snapshots that digital image and communication in the medicine formats. The preliminary segment in willpower of any variation from the norm in lung locale is to benefit a computer tomography photo.The advanced organization of the picture is very convenient, consequently the extraction and sharing of significant information. The substantial number of related pictures represent a test in soundness and thusly touching base at the end. The cad framework is planned and created to fragment the lung tumor district and concentrate on the highlights which are of the area of intrigue. The detection procedure involve of two stages, to be specific Lung division and feature extraction. In segmentation of lung region, fuzzy c implied ,GLCM primarily based algorithms are implemented. The extracted functions the design of comparable region of the internet use to teach the neural network. Finally these properties are used for analysis lung tumor as benign or malignant. The important goal for this method is reduce fake fantastic charge and to enhance the get entry to time and reduce interobserver variability.


Sex identification and composition analysis is an important research topic in fish population ecology, and the results have important implications concerning the conservation of wild fish resources and artificial propagation. However, since the individual morphological differences between male and female spotted steed (Hemibarbus maculates) are not obvious, it is usually difficult to identify sex by direct observation. Thus, it is usually done by observing the reproductive system after dissection. However, this method results in the death of the identified fish and cannot be used for later reproduction. To establish a method for sex identification of H. maculates by morphological quantitative indicators, 36 directly measured traits and 35 standardized traits from 68 H. maculates individuals collected from the Yuanzhou section of the Yuanhe River, China, were measured and analyzed. Based on the data, 13 personalities were screened from the 35 standardized traits by stepwise discriminant method and used to establish discriminant equations. The rate of correctly identifying the male and female individuals was 92.65%. In addition, the condition factor, D7-9, the dorsal fin long-throned length, the post-orbital length, D7-10, the head length, and the body length were significantly different between male and female H. maculates (t-test, P<0.05). These results implied that the male and female individuals of H. maculates could be identified using our established discriminant equations.


Feedback is essential to modern control — we could not get a rocket to the moon without it. And what is useful for the scientific world also holds true for the managerial world. Can techniques of feedback be applied to improved forecasting of costs over the fiscal year, or to improved forecasting of contractual commitments? This article develops the basis for feedback forecasting, as well as the establishment of control limits for determining which forecasts depart significantly from plan.


ABSTRACT Background: Adolescents who undergo major surgery experience high rates of disabling acute and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). However, little is known about the subacute period when acute to chronic pain transition occurs. Aims: The aims of this study were to examine feasibility of electronic daily monitoring of pain and opioid use in adolescents during the first 30 days at home following major surgery and identify target features of subacute pain curves associated with CPSP at 4 months. Methods: Twenty-five youth (10–18 years) undergoing major musculoskeletal surgery reported daily pain severity, interference, and opioid use on the Brief Pain Inventory each evening for 30 days after hospital discharge to form short time series trajectories. At 4 months, youth reported on pain intensity and health-related quality of life. Characteristics of subacute pain severity and interference curves were compared by 4-month CPSP status. Results: At 4 months, 20.8% of youth met criteria for CPSP. During the 30-day monitoring period, youth who went on to develop CPSP reported high pain severity on 45.9% of days compared to 2.9% of days in youth who recovered (P = 0.005) and high pain interference on 49.4% of days vs. 9.7% in youth who recovered (P = 0.01). Pain variability and rate of change were not significantly associated with CPSP in our pilot sample. Conclusions: We found it feasible to collect daily pain data in youth recovering at home after major surgery. Pilot findings suggest that daily electronic monitoring may identify early recovery problems at home after surgery. Larger studies are needed to validate subacute pain trajectory features to identify risk for CPSP.


Abstract An infilled wetland located behind coastal dunes in north‐east Northland is used to reconstruct a local history of environmental change spanning early Holocene (c. 7000 yr BP) to modern time. Proxy indicators (sediment texture, diatoms and pollen) provide evidence for a transition from marginal marine‐ to brackish‐ to freshwater‐conditions in the wetland. Radiocarbon ages constrain the chronology of this succession to 7880–7430 cal. yr BP for the early period of marine conditions, 3570–3210 cal. yr BP for the latter brackish phase and 1060–800 cal. yr BP for the change to freshwater conditions. Within this succession, the diatom record preserves a strong brackish signal at core depths above the limit of the modern tidal range. This is presented as preliminary evidence for a mid‐Holocene sea level highstand for northern New Zealand of approximately 1.2 m above present mean sea level.


Abstract : Generally speaking, discussions of ethics and policy making have a tendency to immediately sink into debates over individual opinions and values. That tendency is magnified in the international spectrum, where each additional world community member that competes for international equality expands the underlying range of inequalities, and differing values and beliefs at stake. With only and occasional lapse, attempt to evade the task of harmonizing the underlying value disputes in an effort to focus on functional role for the government attorney when approaching a comparison of these national and international concerns.


The article is devoted to the pre-revolutionary Russian historiography on the issue regarding KazakhDzhungarian relations. The Dzhungarian factor was particularly important event in the history of the Late Middle Ages in Asia, partially in Europe. This is due to the fact that the powerful nomadic state played the particular role in the foreign policy. The relationship of the country with Kazakh people who inherited a vast territory was not uninteresting. The military state of Dzhungaria led the aggressive policy towards Central Asia, especially it was hard for Kazakh zhuzes who experienced numerous invasions by them. From the chronological point of view the post-Soviet historiography on this issue can be divided into three main stages: pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet or modern, which in turn is divided by territorial demarcation. Among these the pre-revolutionary Russian historiography stands out for its special features. In view of the above-mentioned in this scientific article the subject of historiographical research is the pre-revolutionary Russian intellectuals' works. In the works of the pre-revolutionary Russian writers a variety of information on the history and international relations of the people of Central Asia are covered, including Kazakh-Dzhungarian relationship. These intellectuals of their age played the role of a pioneer in bringing the facts written on Kazakh-Dzhungarian relations. Consequently, the data presented in the works of the Russian scientists of the pre-revolutionary period are very valuable and important in the historiography of Kazakh-Dzhungarian relations as they are a solid foundation in the study of this issue. In these multiple works the authors introduced into scientific circulation the most significant materials on the problem under consideration and came up with different conceptual and interesting findings.


The devices were factured with the structure of ITO/NPB (40 nm) /DPAVBi (x nm) /Alq3 (30 nm) /LiF (0.5 nm)/Al (100 nm).DPAVBi with different thickness has effect on the performance of the devices.When the thickness of DPAVBi is 20 nm,the performance of the device is better than others.The device has a maximum luminance 8296 cd/m2at 21V and maximum efficiency 3.32 cd/A at 38.79 mA/cm2.And the efficiency drops slowly when the current density increases.So,all the devices have the current weak fluorescence quenching.The CIE coordinates of the device varied from (0.27,0.48) to (0.25,0.45) when the voltage was changed from 10 V to 21V.They were well in the blue-green region.


Lithiation of 3-alkoxythiophenes followed by reaction with di(1-adamantyl) ketone leads to anti-[2-(3-alkoxythienyl)]di(1-adamantyl)methanols where the C–OH proton is intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded to the alkoxy group. The structure of the 3-methoxy derivative was confirmed by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Reaction of this alcohol with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) in dichloromethane gives a trifluoroacetate, the initially formed carbocation undergoing an intramolecular 1,5-hydride shift to give a carboxonium ion. However, in the absence of anhydride, trifluoroacetate is formed to the extent of about 15% only. Ionic hydrogenation with TFA and an organosilane in dichloromethane gives syn- and anti-[2-(3-methoxythienyl)]diadamantylmethanes by reduction of the carbocation, with a preference for the isomer with the Ad2CH hydrogen close to methoxy. The corresponding 3-ethoxy compound behaves quite differently: in TFA–dichloromethane a trifluoroacetate is formed which then eliminates acetaldehyde to give anti-[2-(3-hydroxythienyl)]diadamantylmethane. In the presence of an organosilane syn- and anti-[2-(3-ethoxythienyl)]diadamantylmethanes are formed together with the 3-hydroxy derivative. Isotope labelling experiments show that the anti deoxygenation product is obtained by reduction of both the carbocation and the carboxonium ion. The 3-isopropoxy derivative reacts sluggishly with TFA and, with an organosilane, tends to give preferentially the less stable, syn deoxygenation product. The activation energies for syn to anti rotation in the [2-(3-alkoxythienyl)]diadamantylmethanes indicate significant differences in the steric effects of the alkoxy groups.


Directing against the features of municipal solid wastes(MSW),such as high water content,low calorific value,and unfavourable to disposal by adopting incineration method,a test system for mixedly burning MSW and biomass has been established,the influence of mixedly burning MSW and bamboo scraps upon the operation of incineration furnace being studied.Results show that the furnace temperature and steam flow rate all are enhancing as the percent mass content of bamboo scraps is increasing;the steam flow rate reaches the rated evaporating capacity 20 t/h,and the furnace temperature being 1030 ℃,the hot burn loss rate of slag in the furnace being 1.8%.The dust concentration and HCl concentration in flue gas of mixedly burning are slightly reduced,but the concentration of SO2 and NOx have slightly increased.


Laurent Sansregret *†§, David Gallo*†§, Marianne Santaguida*†, Lam Leduy*, Ryoko Harada* and Alain Nepveu *†‡|| McGill University Cancer Pavilion*, Departments of Biochemistry†, Oncology ‡, and Medicine||, McGill University, 1160 Pine avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1A3. Running Title: Hyperphosphorylation of p110 CUX1 by Cyclin B/CDK1 § Both authors contributed equally to these studies. Address correspondence to: Alain Nepveu, Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Room 410, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1A3. Tel. (514) 398-5839; FAX. (514) 398-6769; E-mail: email@example.com The p110 CUX1 homeodomain protein participates in the activation of DNA replication genes in part by increasing the affinity of E2F factors for the promoters of these genes. CUX1 expression is very weak in quiescent cells and increases during G1. Biochemical activities associated with transcriptional activation by CUX1 are potentiated by post-translational modifications in late G1, notably a proteolytic processing event that generates p110 CUX1. Constitutive expression of p110 CUX1, as observed in some transformed cells, leads to accelerated entry into S phase. In the present study, we investigated the post-translation regulation of CUX1 during mitosis and early G1 phases of proliferating cells. We observed a major electrophoretic mobility shift and a complete inhibition of DNA binding during mitosis. We show that cyclin B/CDK1 interacts with CUX1 and phosphorylates it at multiple sites. Serine to alanine replacement mutations at 10 SP dipeptide sites were required to restore DNA binding in mitosis. Passage into G1 was associated with the degradation of some p110 CUX1 proteins, while remaining proteins were gradually dephosphorylated. Indirect immunofluorescence and sub-fractionation assays using a phospho-specific antibody showed that most of the phosphorylated protein remained in the cytoplasm while the dephosphorylated protein was preferentially located in the nucleus. Globally our results indicate that the hyper-phosphorylation of CUX1 by cyclin B/CDK1 inhibits its DNA binding activity in mitosis and interferes with its nuclear localization following cell division and formation of the nuclear membrane, while dephosphorylation and de novo synthesis contribute to gradually restore CUX1 expression and activity in G1.


This paper looks at evidence from ecclesiastical institutions situated in the Southern Low Countries to argue that, during the final decades of the eleventh century, ecclesiastical discourse in conflicts with their enemies of the middle and lower groups of the secular elite shifted from a "culpabilizing" to a "penitential" one. While the effects of this shift are difficult to assess, the authors argue that there are indications that it may have been helpful in at least two respects. On the one hand, it allowed religious institutions to create new amicitiae with individuals and communities who had previously been refused such privileged relations. On the other, the instrumentalization of a penitential discourse in contemporary politics provided opportunities for lay people to demonstrate their ability to participate in the peaceful management of society. This in turn allowed the established ecclesiastical and lay elites to adapt themselves to the rapidly changing political, social, and economic realities of their time.


The intent of this study was to identify predictor variables for pass/fail status on the Elementary Professional Development Examination for Certification of Educators in Texas (ExCET) for preservice teachers at a university in South Texas. Logistic regression was used to investigate the dependency between the predictors and the ExCET pass/fail rates. Samples of 120 and 136 elementary preservice teachers were drawn from 1999 and 2001 classes at a university where the enrollment is largely Hispanic American. The dependent variable, the ExCET scores, and the independent variables of Texas Academic Skills Program scores (TASP), American College Testing Program scores, overall grade point average (GPA), Benchmark ExCET, and ExCET were considered. Results of the logistic regression analysis shows that ExCET pass/fail outcomes for elementary preservice teachers in the professional development area can be predicted with 71.7% accuracy by using the variables TASP reading scores and GPA scores, at least for Hispanic students attending universities in South Texas. Implications for increasing the numbers of students who pass the ExCET are discussed. An appendix contains tables of study data. (Contains 26 tables.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Teacher Certification Tests: Variables That Predict Pass/Fail Status on Elementary Professional Development Examination for Preservice Teachers. Liang Zeng Marie Simonsson Herold Poelzer U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 2 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY


This paper covers design of a kind of glass horizontal stacking machine computer control system,focusing on the basic functions,and hardware and software designs.


As high-tech product, automobile show defects in various categories and patterns. The paper introduces five categories of manufacturing defects based on 978 recalls in 2012 in China, USA and Japan. Parts involving in manufacturing defects and main defect patterns are discussed and recommendations for improvement in safety of manufacturing process provided.


Objective To evaluate the stability of 3D cervical range of motion(CROM) inclinometer.Methods Thirty healthy subjects underwent the active cervical ROM testing in the 3 planes using the 3D CROM inclinometer.Observer A and B evaluated the cervical ROM of each subject twice respectively,and determined the mean cervical ROM in flexion-extension,lateral flexion and rotation in these subjects,and examined the intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of measurements obtained.Results In these subjects,the mean cervical ROM was 123.0°± 8.3° in flexion-extension,86.3°± 8.9° in lateral flexion and 135.1°± 8.3° in rotation.Good intra-observer reliability was found for flexion-extension(ICC=0.87),high intra-observer reliability was found for lateral flexion(ICC=0.92)and rotation(ICC=0.94).Good inter-observer reliability was found for flexion-extension(ICC=0.87),high intra-observer reliability was found for lateral flexion(ICC=0.90)and rotation(ICC=0.91).Conclusion The 3D CROM inclinometer is a reliable instrument for determining active cervical ROM with good intra-observer and inter-observer reliability.It is a practical and valid instrument appropriate for clinical evaluation and research.