There has been a significant debate over the use of AXR as an adjunct to the diagnosis of the acute abdomen. There are only a few numbers of clinical indications for this modality of imaging, and there has been a concerted effort from the Royal College of Radiologist (RCR) to ensure that there is a reduction in the number of AXR being performed.
Evidence Acquisition
To study the most frequent presentation of abdominal pain to accident and emergency requiring abdominal X-ray imaging. To understand the correlation between the clinical indication for the imaging and the subsequent findings as reported by the Radiologist. To assess whether further imaging was done and if these yielded any benefit. To assess for change once interventions were instituted.
Method
Phase 1-100 patients were selected at random from the patients presenting with abdominal pain to Ayr Accident and Emergency during July 2014. As previously stated, the indication for the AXR was explored with any follow-up imaging that was performed.
Phase 2 was carried out for the patients presenting with abdominal pain in months of December 2019- January 2020. The same methodology was used with 100 patients to investigate the indications for AXR imaging as per Phase 1, any significant findings in relation to the clinical query and the further use of other imaging modalities. The clinical indications for the imaging were also studied and audited against the IRMER and the RCR guidelines, taking into consideration any changes in the guidelines from the time of Phase 1.
Results/Measures
Phase1 - It was seen than in 56 cases out of the 100 cases AXR was the only imaging done with no follow-up imaging. In 44 cases there was follow up imaging with other modalities. It was also noted that only in 20 cases the indication matched with the radiological findings whilst in the vast 80% of cases there was no correlation between the indication and imaging findings.
Phase 2- As can be seen, there was an improvement in the indication put in the request with a significant reduction of 7% in the? perforation? obstruction as an indication. There was also a significant reduction in the number of AXR done for renal calculi related cases (11% vs 4%). There was, however, increases in both surgery-related and acute onset abdominal pain-related cases. One of the main limitations of this form of comparison is that this only represents a cohort of patients and may not be representative of the actual trend in requesting AXR.
Discussion
The practice of medicine is ever-changing, and the realities of medico-legal consequences are becoming part of the way we are practising today. The tendency to over investigate and practice defensively is increasing, and this is shown clearly through this audit study
Conclusion
There can be more that can be done to reduce the number of AXR that are done for abdominal pain. It should be noted that there is no role for AXR in the diagnosis of undifferentiated abdominal pain. All clinicians requesting AXR should review the need for the same prior to proceeding due to the unnecessary exposure in the vast majority of cases.


M icrobiology study in Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial, multisystemic endocrine disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from the defects in insulin secretion in s cells of pancreas and desensitization of insulin receptors for insulin. Diabetic foot infections are infections that can develop in the skin, muscles or bones of the foot as a result of nerve damage and poor circulation that is associated with diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that primarily affects the microvascular circulation. Collection of sample diabetic patients included in this study was of age group (35-45). Commercial Syzygium aromaticum flower buds oil was bought from Aroma product Pvt. Ltd, Chennai in Tamil nadu. The foot sample of both sexes were collected from government hospitals in kanchipuram, a sterile swab was used for collecting sample from  diabetic patients  study  in sample processing, Microscopic examination, Antibiotic sensitivity test, Statistical analysis, the samples were processed according to the standard microbiological techniques the aerobic organisms were isolate from pus culture statistical analysis was done. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism among the isolation the gram negative organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa was predominant other organism included in our study was Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.


Further to Dr Lejeune and colleagues' report [1] of a single case of complete and long lasting regression of disseminated skin melanoma metastases under treatment with rofecoxib, I wish to draw the readers' attention to a series of 27 patients with surgically incurable metastatic melanoma treated with celecoxib [2]. The first case in the series was reported in the British Medical Journal in November 2002 [3]. A patient with pulmonary metastases specifically requested treatment at our Cancer Centre with celecoxib after he read a report in a national newspaper of the anti-angiogenic properties of celecoxib. At that time, the only oncology indication for celecoxib approved by Health Canada was for adenomatous polyposis coli (at a dose of 800 mg daily). He had progressive pulmonary metastases after prior therapy with CancerVax and a biochemotherapy regimen. When he had an episode of acute gout in April 2000, the patient asked his family doctor to prescribe celecoxib instead of a nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Thereafter, the patient has had a normalization of his chest X-ray and a remission so far lasting 6 years. To use Dr Lejeune's phrase 'Considering the lack of further (effective) therapeutic options', a further 26 patients were treated with celecoxib 200 mg daily, among whom there was one complete response, two partial responses and three mixed responses (stable + partial regression). One patient with intra-abdominal metastatic choroidal melanoma has had a response and is alive more than 30 months from the start date of celecoxib. For all patients, median overall survival time from first incurable metastasis was 31.9 months, and median times to progressive disease and death from start of celecoxib were 4.3 and 10.4 months, respectively.


The study examined the relationship between value co-creation and customer satisfaction in Aviation Industry in Nigeria. The theoretical framework covered DART theory that explained how customer satisfaction will be improved using value co-creation. A sample size of 320 was determined from a population of 1600 respondents using Taro Yamane's sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaire. 320 copies of questionnaire were distributed to the respondents out of which 303 copies were found useful for data analysis. The data were analyzed using Spearman's Rank Order Correlation Coefficient Statistic which was facilitated through the application of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 23.0). The findings showed a significant relationship between value co-creation and customer satisfaction in Aviation Industry in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study concluded that value co-creation affects customer satisfaction in Aviation Industry in Nigeria. Hence, the study recommended that management should place more emphases on increasing customers' satisfaction through value co-creation. They should build customers' experience through personal interaction, make strategic involvement of customers and organization in guiding the activities of the business and build an effective engagement platform with the aim to maintain personal touch across all customers to increase customer loyalty and emotive commitment which are core measures of customer satisfaction in Aviation Industry in Nigeria.


This study is the result of analyzing how the advertising language are transmitted through metaphors, metonyms, and the blended space. The public service advertisement 'Children's Safety- Drivers and Guardians' is related to the Min-sik Law, focusing on prevention of traffic accidents and safety awareness education for children. This advertisement emphasizes the safety awareness of drivers in the Children Protection Zones with the concept of 'drivers are guardians' and also emphasizes the reinforcement of safety education for children. In the process of conceptualizing all drivers on the road as guardians, the metonymy was appropriately used, and various aspects of advertisements made in the blended space in the Children Protection Zones, which properly blended the protective space called school and the driver's space called the road, was utilized. This advertisement, which sets the driver as a guardian on the road, achieved the purpose of the public service advertisement to emphasize safety awareness in the Children Protection Zones, but it did not show the controversial parts of the Min-sik Law, such as responsibility and punishment for traffic accidents. In other words, while emphasizing the safety awareness of drivers and educations on traffic safety awareness for children to prevent accidents, the responsibility and punishment after accidents behind the public service advertisements could not be directly addressed. This requires the addition of conceptual elements in the blended space of the 'driver' mental space and the 'guardian' mental space.


According to WHO access to basic training in people with disabilities is greatly limited negative impact on the processes of labor inclusion. To identify the scientific evidence related the access to higher education for people with disabilities. The search for evidence on the basis of Labor-doc , Ebsco , Lilacs and SciELO data was conducted through thesauri "Disability" , "Skills ", " Professional ", " Training ", " Technology ", " Technical " "Higher Education " and " Occupational Therapy" , performing with these 10 combinations using the boolean "AND". Analyses were performed by setting frequencies for variables such as country, study type , language and publication period . A total of 20 items , where most public Labordoc with 45% , was found the time most published between 2009-2013 is 45% , most evidently language was English with 60 % ,Brazil and Colombia were the countries with the highest number of publications , each with 15% . Despite major advances in the legislative framework on disability, are evident even gaps between norms and reality, especially in the execution and implementation of programs and the lack of participation of various professions , so from this analysis is extended the invitation to research and publish articles regarding the top from each training approaches training.


Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is deemed the most prospective technique for data collection in the future Internet of Things (IoT), due to its flexible deployment, potential mobility, and low cost. In order to ensure that UAV s can choose the most efficient and reliable flight route in complex environments, we propose a novel path planning scheme for data collection in a large-scale loT system based on Hilbert curve and ge-netic algorithm (HC-GA). We aim to minimize the total path length of the UAV by optimizing the flight path of the UA V. Meanwhile, the simulation time of the proposed algorithm is optimized to ensure real-time. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme could reduce the path length efficiently compared with benchmark algorithms. The simulation time cost for path planning is limited to a satisfactory volume, especially for scenarios with a large scale of sensor nodes.


Perhaps the Clearest and most impressive use of the Principle of Continuity by Leibniz in the evaluation of a theory is that offered in refutation of the Cartesian laws of motion, as given in his Critical Remarks Concerning the General Part of Descartes' Principles. With regard to the Cartesian laws of impact Leibniz says: On Article 49. Rule 4. If B, which is moving, is smaller than C, which is at rest, B will be reflected with the velocity it had before the shock while C will remain at rest.


From the very beginning, the international influence of his research was tremendous and Andre Dupont-Sommer was universally acknowledged to be the Master in Qumran studies beyond the walls of the Sorbonne and the College de France. The international influence of Dupont-Sommer's research was also, very probably, the result of the echo that his ideas found with Edmund Wilson. Wilson had understood Dupont-Sommer very well. His account of the Essene character of the Dead Sea Scrolls is one of Dupont-Sommer's greatest contributions to Qumran studies. As a historian of religions, Dupont-Sommer could not avoid being interested by the light that the new texts could provide to explain the origins of Christianity. He himself described his work as "the efforts of an historian anxious to extract from the marvellous archives of Qumran everything that may throw new light on the ancient history of Judaism and the origins of Christianity". Keywords: Andre Dupont-Sommer; Christianity; Dead Sea Scrolls; Edmund Wilson; Qumran texts; Sea Scrolls


In operation, the insulation paper used for transformers is subject to electric stress. This paper may deteriorate as a result of the accumulation of mechanical stress and the polarisation of the electric field. The effect of electric fields on insulation paper is typically investigated through macroscopic tests; thus, the microscopic mechanism must be explored further. In this study, single- and multi-chain cellulose models were constructed to simulate the yield behaviour of cellulose under a strong electric field (1010 V m− 1) through molecular dynamics. The cracking process of insulation paper was also examined according to density functional theory. Results indicated that both single- and multi-chain celluloses yield under a strong electric field. This yield behaviour is consistent with that of the electric field, and it eventually breaks the cellulose chains. The energy gap between the lowest unoccupied and the highest occupied molecular orbitals suggested that cellulose molecules may encounter insulation breakdown at an electric field strength of 105 V m− 1. Furthermore, the initial fracture in the molecular chain of cellulose was observed under the weakest glycosidic bond.


PSTU Admission Circular for Bachelor Program of Engg programme for the academic session 2014 has been published. Online application procedure and other instruction are here


INTRODUCTION ,\Inlost from the inception of the effort to develop information processing models ot' cognition investigators have argued that at some point there \\odd be important links between the study of elementary mental operations crucial to the performance of complex tasks (Chase, 1978) and the brain systems that support such operations. This view is clearly outlined by llerbert Simon in his important Compton Lectures (Simon, 1981) as ~ O ~ ~ O W S : The main reason for this disembodimcnl of mind, is, of course, the thesis hat I have just been discussing. The diffcrcnce between the hardware of a computer and t l ~ r hardware of the brain has not prevented computers from simulating a wide spectrunl of Linds of h m a n thinking. .. . It would be unfortunate if this con-clusior~ were altered to read that neurophysiology has nothing to contribute to cnplanations of human behavior. This would be a ridiculous doctrine. It is to plrysiology t l n t we must turn for an explanation of the limits of adaptation. .. . As our k w w l e d g e i~~crcases. the relation between physiological and information procrlsing e x p l a ~ ~ a t i o n will become just like that relation between quantum rnechani-c ~ l and physiological cxplanatio~~s in biology. .. . properlies of the inner system showing up at the interface betwcen the~n. (page 97). I t is llie tlietne of this cl~apter that the time has arrived for the develop-niwt of the detailed analysis of the physiology of human cognition. For the IJSI 15 years, a nurnber o f separate biological fields have coalesced under 25 1 252 POSNER, PEA, AND VOLPE the name of "neuroscience." Neuroscience is concerned with the basic principles of organizatior~ of nervous systems. Although the field has, from its start, included studies of normal and pathological human brains, the bulk of the work has concerned animal models, and in particular, synaptic and intracellular phenomena. Except for occasional interest in language and its pathology, neuroscientists rarely choose human organisms as the object of study. In part, this arises because of the complexity of human functioning and also because of the difficulty, until recent methodological developments , in doing experimental physiology with human beings. Within the last few years, a number of sciences related to the study o f cognition …


This paper introduces a new class of sets called generalised p-closed sets in topological spaces. Moreover we present several new separation axioms using the concept of generalised p-closed sets and prime open sets and identified the spaces in which all this separation axioms coincide. AMS Subject Classification: 54A10, 54D10


Memory retention and recall is a neural process controlled by the brain and is affected by numerous variables. Studying such variables can have important implications for learning and education. On this basis, the group hypothesized that multimodal stimulation should achieve higher memory retention and recall than unimodal stimulation. In addition, it was hypothesized that visual stimulation should be more effective than audio stimulation and the added component of writing should be advantageous over non-writing. As such, an experiment was designed with four different stimuli to affect the participants' memory and test his/her retention and recall. Test scores indicate a difference in multimodal stimulation when compared to unimodal stimulation. An analysis of the test scores also indicates that visual stimulation is more effective than audio stimuli at achieving higher memory retention and recall (with a p-value < .05). Additionally, results of the EEG, pulse meter, and respiratory belt, show fluctuations in brain activity, heart rate, rates of respiration, and stress levels that vary between the stimulus and testing portions of the experiment. These findings highlight the effectiveness of multimodal stimulation and visual stimulation concerning memory retention and recall and further suggest a physiological relationship between the brain, lungs, and heart while under the stress of using one's memory. Specifically, it seems that the use of visual stimuli with the act of writing seems to elicit the best recall; this can be synonymous with the importance of taking notes as they are seen in lectures being augmented with a PowerPoint presentation.


It is shown that there exist a (r-weakly closed operator algebra/i, generated by finite rank operators and a a-weakly closed operator algebra/ generated by compact operators such that the Fubini productF/ contains properly/.


Background:Eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)was reported to significantly reduce therecurrence of stroke in a cohort of hypercholesterolemic Japanese patients receiving lowdosestatin therapy. We measured the cerebral blood flow to assess how EPA contributes todecreasing the incidence of recurrent stroke in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods:Eight patients(mean age 64±10.3 years)with chronic cerebral ischemiawere administrated 1800 mg of EPA daily. At entry into the study and 3 months later wemeasured the patients' serum level of fatty acids, assessed their depressive state using theJapan Stroke Scale-Depression Scale(JSS-D), and determined the cerebral blood flow(CBF)at rest and after acetazolamide challenge. Lastly, we calculated cerebral vasomotorreactivity(CVR).Results:After 3 months of EPA administration serum EPA and the EPA/arachidonicacid ratio were significantly increased(p=0.002 and p=0.003, respectively). Comparisonof the pre- and post-administration JSS-D showed that depression tended to beameliorated. At 3 months CVR(%)was significantly increased in the left occipital-(p=0.004)and right temporo-parietal cortex(p=0.043). Comparison of the EPA concentrationand CVR(%)at entry and after 3-month treatment revealed a positive correlation in theleft occipital-(r=0.512, p=0.043)and right temporo-parietal cortex(r=0.552, p=0.02).Conclusion:In patients treated with EPA, the significant increase in CVR(%)in theleft occipital- and right temporo-parietal cortex correlated with the increase in the plasmaEPA level and depression amelioration. Our findings suggest that EPA contributes toamelioration of cerebral artery remodeling in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia andinhibits its recurrence.


The term Internet of things encompasses everything connected to the internet. The idea of internet of things scales from home appliances to industrial usage. In the coming few years, almost billions of devices are expected to be a part of IoT. IHS forecasts that the IoT market will grow from an installed base of 15.4 billion devices in 2015 to 30.7 billion devices in 2020 and 75.4 billion in 2025. Narrow BandInternet of things (NB-IoT) is a way of connecting several devices in an automated manner using existing cellular networks. Devices need to be low cost, and also use less power to extend battery life for which 3GPP has embraced several LPWA (Low Power Wide Access) technologies, such as, NB-IoT. NB-IoT is a non-backward compatible variant of E-UTRAN supporting a reduced set of functionality to limit data rates and support high number of devices per cell. To help meet the requirement of low power and enhanced coverage extensions, several enhancements have been introduced, mostly in the PHY layer with respect to LTE. These enhancements will as a result help network operators to cater close to 50K devices per cell considering LPWA and increasing power gain by 20dB for the NB-IoT devices. However, testing these enhancements can be challenging in a controlled environment. In this document, we will be addressing the testing insights for these new implementations in PHY layer under controlled and/or simulated environment. Below are the key areas:  Testing NB-IOT Coverage enhancement  Testing Co-existence with existing LTE/ GSM Networks  Capacity Testing NB-IoT Physical Layer In Narrow band internet of things, there are 3 major operational modes defined in 3GPP release 13:  LTE In-Band operational mode o In-Band Same Cell id [00] o In-Band Different Cell id [01]  LTE Guard Band operational mode [10]  Standalone operational mode [11] (a) Standalone Mode (GSM Re-farming) (b) Guard-band Mode (LTE Guard-band) (c) In-band Mode (LTE In-band) 200 kHz for NB-IoT 1 PRB for NB-IoT (180 kHz) GSM Carriers LTE Bandwidth Guard-band for NB-IoT LTE Bandwidth LTE-InBand Operational mode For In-Band operational mode, the 100 KHz raster implies that an anchor carrier can only be placed in certain PRBs. For example, in a 20 MHz LTE carrier, the indexes of the PRBs that are best aligned with the 100 kHz grid and can be used as an NB-IoT anchor carrier are 4, 44, 55, 95, etc. The NB-IoT UE is configured for +-2.5Khz and +-7.5Khz raster offset. The PRB indexing starts from index 0 for the PRB occupying the lowest frequency within the LTE system bandwidth. LTEGuard Band Operational mode In addition to LTE-InBand operational mode, in Guardband operational mode the PRBs used fall in the Guardband of LTE spectrum. Standalone Operational mode Standalone operational mode uses GSM band and the channel bandwidth remains 200 KHz Narrow Band Carriers  Anchor carrier: In NB-IoT, a carrier where the UE assumes that NPSS/NSSS/NPBCH/SIB-NB are transmitted.  Non-anchor carrier: In NB-IoT, a carrier where the UE does not assume that NPSS/NSSS/NPBCH/SIB-NB is transmitted. Downlink Reference signal and synch signals The downlink narrowband reference signal consists of known reference symbols inserted in the last two OFDM symbols of each slot for NB-IoT antenna port 0 and 1, except invalid sub-frames and sub-frames transmitting NPSS or NSSS. There is one narrowband reference signal transmitted per downlink NB-IoT antenna port. The number of downlink NB-IoT antenna ports equals 1 or 2. Physical layer provides 504 unique cell identities using the narrowband secondary synchronization signal. It is indicated whether or not the UE may assume the cell ID is identical for NB-IoT and LTE. In case the cell IDs are identical, a UE may use the downlink cell-specific reference signals for demodulation and/or measurements when the number of NB-IoT antenna ports is the same as the number of downlink cellspecific reference signal antenna ports. Downlink multi-antenna transmission Transmit diversity, specifically space frequency block coding (SFBC), is supported if two NB-IoT antenna ports are used. Synchronization signals NB-IoT is based on following signals transmitted in the downlink: the primary and secondary narrowband synchronization signals. The narrowband primary synchronization sequence is transmitted over 11 sub-carriers from the first subcarrier to the eleventh subcarrier in the sixth subframe of each frame, and the narrowband secondary synchronization sequence is transmitted over 12 sub-carriers in the NB-IoT carrier in the tenth subframe of every other frame. Physical channels in NB-IoT Narrowband Physical broadcast channel (NPBCH): The coded BCH transport block is mapped to sixty four subframes within a 640 ms interval; 640 ms timing is blindly detected, i.e. there is no explicit signalling indicating 640 ms timing. Narrowband Physical downlink shared channel (NPDSCH): Carries the DL-SCH and PCH for NB-IoT UEs. Narrowband Physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH): Informs the NB-IoT UE about the resource allocation of PCH and DL-SCH; Carries the uplink scheduling grant for the NB-IoT UE. Narrowband Physical uplink shared channel (NPUSCH): Carries the UL-SCH and Hybrid ARQ ACK/NAKs in response to downlink transmission for the NB-IoT UE. Narrowband Physical random access channel (NPRACH): Carries the random access preamble for the NB-IoT UE. In NB-IOT cross subframe scheduling has been implemented. Which ensures that no 2 channels overlap or are scheduled in a single SF. Below is a representative diagram of how cross SF scheduling works Also, Multiple SF for one TB and multiple repetition of one TB has been implemented in NB-IOT PHY to help meet the requirements for LPWAN. By increasing the repetitions in the channels, better SNR can be achieved in case of poor signal strength Challenges in testing NB-IoT PHY layer Additional functionality, as mentioned above, introduced for NB-IoT brings in additional complexities which require distinct testing techniques to validate them. The major challenges introduced due to these additional functionalities as follows:  Testing coverage enhancement functionalities. In this, NB-IOT modem/ eNodeB are expected to increase or decrease the number of repetitions per channel to support low power devices. The repetitions will be tested in UL and DL for which specific SINR performance has to be validated.  Testing co-existence with existing network. As discussed above in the introduction section, NB-IoT can work in LTE as well as GSM Bands. The major challenge here will be to configure and test the performance in terms of interference pattern keeping LTE or GSM legacy UEs in the scenario  Testing Capacity UEs for NB-IoT will require enhancing the number of UEs supported to about 50K. This support will be a challenge in terms of scheduling the UEs in simulated environment given the cross subframe scheduling rules in NB-IOT PHY. To overcome the above mentioned challenges, few techniques have been addressed in this document. Test bed for testing NB-IOT PHY Below setup diagram addresses a common way for testing NB-IoT eNodeB PHY layer. Automation Framework will command Operation and Mantainence entity, to configure the device under test and also the simulators. The test outputs from the logging engine can be analysed through automation agents for various parameters like EVM, Throughputs etc. This setup is practiced with few assumptions:  UE PHY simulator is NB-IoT compliant (e.g. AF TM500)  Higher layer simulator can generate MAC PDUs for PHY  Signal analyser/ generator is licensed for NB-IoT NBIoT PHY Test Setup Testing NB-IOT Coverage enhancement Testing NB-IOT Coverage enhancement will require less number of UEs to load any specific functionality and the major focus area will be the UEs close to cell edge. With these functionalities, UEs with minimum coverage can experience higher Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) with more number of channel repetitions configured for those UEs. The key parameters to look into for this area will be mostly specification (e.g. 3gpp) compliant. Few of them have been listed below:  Signal to Noise ratio  Error vector magnitude  Channel bandwidth in UL and DL with signal offset from LTE centre frequency  QPSK/ BPSK modulation constellation plots  Measured RSRP at UE PHY simulator  CRC pass/fail for TBs received in UL by eNB PHY  Location of TBs in frequency and time domain  DL BLER per UE in UE PHY Simulator  DL Decodes by UE PHY simulator The setup required to test coverage enhancement performance, will require few assumptions:  Fading simulator is introduced to reduce the signal strength  Higher layer simulator is capable to support channel repetitions in PHY Example scenario: Configuration:  Number of UEs – 1  Operational Mode – LTE-InBand SameCellId  NB PRB IDx 44  LTE BW – 20Mhz  NPBCH/ NPSS/ NSSS/ SIB1/ SI are present in Fixed Frame format  Number of Legacy UEs – 0 Test: Configure NB eNB PHY with different NPDSCH repetitions varying across simulation time Result: The SINR must vary with increase or decrease in the NPDSCH repetitions. Nrep 0 32 512 2048 SINR -10 dB 5 dB 17 dB 23 dB Testing Co-existence Testing the NB-IoT PHY with existing networks like LTE and GSM can be complication when we consider only PHY layer as the software under test and all other modules/ layers are in simulated manner. Testing this area can be done in 2 methods:  To combine the signals of LTE and NB-IOT and produce a frequency combined signal as described below. Though this approach will not address interference issues for NB-IOT eNB PHY but can address UE behaviour and in turn signalling impact caused in the UL by the UEs  To combine the LTE and Narrow band signals in the software or in the HW/RF Controller Example scenario: Configuration:  Number of UEs – 1  Operational Mode – LTE-InBand SameCellId  NB PRB Idx 44  LTE BW – 20Mhz  NPBCH/ NPSS/ NSSS/ SIB1/ SI are present in Fixed Frame for


The behaviour of the building during earthquakes depends critically on its overall shape, size and geometry. Buildings with simple geometry in plan have performed well, during the past strong earthquakes. But buildings with H shape in plan, have sustained significant damages. So the proposed project attempts to evaluate the effect of plan irregularity on the response of the structure. In the present study, the behaviour of G+20 storied R.C frame buildings (Rectangular and H shape in plan, having same plan area) subjected to earthquake, located in seismic zone III is discussed briefly using ETABS software. Gravity loads and laterals loads as per IS 1893-2002 are applied on the structure and it is designed using IS 456. Displacement control pushover analysis is carried out.


Disclosed is an anti-thief alarm device used in sales exhibition of electronic products, which is composed of a charging circuit (112), a charging detection circuit (113), an audible and visual alarm circuit (114), a digital display circuit (115) and a central control integrated chip (111), the voltage is taken out from a charging end (J) of the charging circuit to be output to the charging detection circuit including an integrated operational amplifying comparator, the voltage in the comparator is output to the input end of the central control integrated chip, and the integrated chip has control signals which are output to the audible and visual alarm circuit composed of an LED light-emitting diode and a buzzer amplified and driven by a triode; and the outside 220V power supply supplies power source in two ways, one way is supplied to a control section, and the other way is supplied to a charge power supply. The anti-thief alarm device can prevent theft and give alarms by a plurality of means while charging products, and can also ensure that the monitored products are still in an alarm monitoring state even if in the business period of power failure, so the exhibited products can be effectively protected in any state.


The study proves that conjoint analysis is a robust measure of preferences as it offers to be a promising technique in determining the leadership preferences in the military service. The process of conjoint analysis in this study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative result shows that the ideal military leadership style in Baguio City and in Benguet is authentic, servant, transformational, and transactional leadership. The findings led to the construction of a data gathering tool for the quantitative method to determine the average importance utility weight that the respondents attach to their preferences on military leadership. Quantitative results reveal that the respondents give a higher degree of importance to military officers who carry out transformational, transactional, servant, and authentic leadership, in decreasing order of importance.


Comments on 'Prospects for chemoprevention of cancer' by R. M. Tamini et al., J Intern Med 2002; 251: 286–300. The recent paper by Tamini et al. [1] concluded that the overall evidence for a chemopreventive role for vitamin D against cancer remains insufficient. This conclusion is at odds with the growing body of literature supporting the role of vitamin D from diet and through the action of solar ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation (280–320 nm) on 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin in reducing the risk of cancer incidence and mortality. The evidence in support of this hypothesis is outlined here. First, there are a number of epidemiological studies on the links between solar UV-B radiation and/or vitamin D and cancer incidence and/or mortality rates. A 19-year prospective study found that men who consumed 150+ IU day of vitamin D3 had half the risk of colorectal cancer as those who consumed less [2]. A nested case–control study found that individuals with 30+ ng mL of 25hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)2D3] in serum had half the risk of colorectal cancer as those with lower levels [3]. Similar findings were reported in another major study where the relative risk of large bowel cancer decreased with increasing level of serum 25-(OH)2D3 [4]. Women with high levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 in serum had only one-fifth the risk of breast cancer as those with low levels [the relative risk was 5.2 (95% CI 1⁄4 2.1–12.8) for lowest versus highest quartile of serum 1,25-(OH)2D3] [5]. Women in the Nurses' Health Study Cohort who had consistently high total vitamin D3 intakes had markedly lower risk of colorectal cancer (relative risk 1⁄4 0.42 (95% CI 1⁄4 0.19–0.91)) [6]. Women in the National Health Survey who had a high intake of vitamin D3 from supplements, or had dermatological evidence of high lifetime sun (actinic) exposure had a significantly lower risk of breast cancer [7]. One recent paper reported a strong protective role for solar UV-B exposure against prostate cancer [8]. Another reported a protective role for occupational and residential UV-B exposure for cancers of the breast, colon and ovaries [9]. A recent ecological study found solar UV-B radiation to be protective against a dozen types of cancer [10]. Solar UV-B doses for July were obtained from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer. It was estimated that the annual average mortality as a result of cancer from 1970 to 1994 in the US because of insufficient UV-B radiation (or vitamin D) was approximately 23 600 deaths. It has also been estimated that approximately 25% of breast cancer mortality rates in northern Europe can be attributed to insufficient levels of vitamin D [11]. The number of papers listed in PubMed for various dietary agents that are considered likely to have chemopreventive properties also supports an important role for vitamin D. A search of total and recent entries was made for 13 such agents including those considered in Ref. [1], along with the word 'cancer'. Vitamin D ranks fourth between 1 January 2001 and 15 May 2002 with 327 entries after antioxidants (1429 entries), retinoids (1193) and vitamin E (331). The hypothesis that vitamin D reduces the risk of cancer is supported by numerous epidemiological and laboratory studies, and is generating major new research initiatives. The mechanisms by which 25-(OH)2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 and their analogues exert their growthinhibitory effects include effects on angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation and metastases [12]. Interest in vitamin D analogues for cancer prevention or therapy is so high that nearly 400 structural analogues of vitamin D3 have been synthesized and evaluated for their efficacy in cancer chemoprevention [13]. The benefits of solar UV-B exposure and vitamin D3 supplementation in reducing the risk of cancer should be acknowledged by the public health community Journal of Internal Medicine 2002; 252: 178–180


Aspidistra laotica, A. multiflora, A. oviflora and A. semiaperta discovered recently are described and illustrated as species new to science. All novelties are local endemics of northern Vietnam and central Laos.


Recent interest in hobby aerial vehicles and their applications has seen the emergence of quadrotor designs with various form factors, and development of waypoint-based flight controllers such as APM and Pixhawk. Common to these flight controllers is the use of the Micro Air Vehicle Communications Protocol (MAVLink) that allows the flight controller to communicate with a ground control station. However, it is still challenging to experiment with multiple such aerial vehicles concurrently. To this end, we have developed an open software/hardware platform — the University at Buffalo's Airborne Networking and Communications testbed (UB-ANC) — that facilitates rapid development and deployment of multi-drone applications. In this paper, we present the UB-ANC Emulator, an emulation environment to design, implement, and test various applications (missions) involving one or more drones in software, and provides seamless transition to experimentation. We validate the UB-ANC Emulator's output against experimental data collected in a mission with three networked drones to demonstrate its feasibility and accuracy, and we demonstrate its scalability up to 100 drones using a simulated "leader-follower" mission.


We report the characterization of YBCO Josephson-junctions fabricated by using a narrow-focused Ga-ion beam (FIB)[I]. The Jc and Tc decrease by increasing the dosed Ga. It is considered that the dosed Ga and the disorder of the MgO crystal affects the electrical characteristics. Many clear (at least 80) Shapiro-steps are observed under 25.15GHz microwave irradiation, which shows that the junction can respond up to 2THz. From AFM and SEM observation, small grooves on the MgO of damaged area are observed. Therefore, it is considerd that the grooves affect the YBCO film and the junction characteristics are controlled.


It is shown that the free-energy model for the inhomogeneous hard-sphere fluid introduced by Rosenfeld [Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 980 (1989)], which contains both vector and scalar contributions, and the fully scalar expression proposed subsequently by Kierlik and Rosinberg [Phys. Rev. A 42, 3382 (1990)] represent two equivalent forms of the same functional. This unexpected result was partly obscured by a sign error in the original derivation of the vector part


In RFID System, when multiple tags respond simultaneously, a collision can occur. A method that solves this collision is referred to anti-collision algorithm. Among the existing anti-collision algorithms, static framed slot allocation algorithm is very simple. But when the number of tags is variable, its performance degrades because of the fixed frame size. This paper proposes an optimal frame size allocation scheme that determines the frame size. The proposed scheme is based on the number of collision slots at every frame. According to the simulation results, the tag identification time is faster that of SFSA.


PURPOSE: There is a deficit on autonomic nervous system regulation in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). However, the cardiac autonomic modulation during exercise in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) without DS is not enough described. AIM: To evaluate and compare the heart rate variability (HRV) during the six-minutes walk test (6MWT) in older adults with and without ID. METHODS: Seventeen participants with low-moderate ID non DS and 25 participants without ID were recruited. The HRV was assessed by R-R intervals on rest (10 minutes before the test), during the 6MWT and on recovery (10 minutes after the test), in orthostatic position by a Polar RS800X heart rate monitor. The symbolic analysis was used to evaluate nonlinear HRV components, and 0V% and 2UV% variations were considered as sympathetic and vagal modulation parameters, respectively. Two-way Anova was used to compare HRV parameters between the groups on rest, 6MWT and recovery. RESULTS: Only the group without ID showed a significant increase of 0V% values (p=0.003), and a decreased 2UV% (p=0.003), as expected. Both groups showed a significant reduction in RRi mean (p=0.006). Distance walk on 6MWT was significant higher in the group without ID (536 m vs. 452 m (p=0.001) CONCLUSION: participants with ID did not present cardiac autonomic modulation responses during the exercise, and show a worse performance in 6MWT. Thus, future studies are needed to elucidate the autonomic cardiac control during exercise in seniors with ID, and assist on prescription of appropriate intervention for this population. Funding sources: MINECO (DEP2017-86862-C2-1-R); Generalitat de Catalunya. Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement (2019 FI_B 00893); Ministerio de Ciência e Tecnologia de Brasil (PDSE/CAPES 88881.189815/2018-01).


Nickel is deposited over pristine, surface-treated, and brominated P -100 carbon fibers using cementation and electroplating techniques. The fibers are brominated by bromine vapor for 48 h and then desorbed at 200 °C in air for 12 h. The anodic oxidation treatment is performed by etching fibers electrochemically in a dilute sodium electrolyte for 3 min or by immersing fibers in nitric acid for 72 h. Electroplated-coated fibers show better tensile properties than cementation-coated fibers. Tin-lead alloy composites reinforced by nickel-coated fibers (which are pristine, anodically oxidized, and brominated) are fabricated by squeeze casting. The composites containing coated carbon fibers with bromination or surface treatment have higher tensile and shear strength than the ones containing coated pristine carbon fibers. In addition, the composite containing coated carbon fibers with brominalion shows the best performance in the tensile properties.


Yi Ming is an important category of Zhuangzibut its correct understanding depends on a visual angle. This paper starts with the analysis of the representative viewpoints to put forward two angles for understanding the term, Yi Ming exactly. First, the author tries to understand it together with other correlative terms; second, he tries to understand it from the figurative angle, which are the necessary angles of view to understand the philosophy of Zhuangzi.


The 6th annual session of the UNECE Team of Specialists on Intellectual Property discussed in its substantive segment the topic "Intellectual Property and Competition Policy". One of the speakers was Nikolaus Thumm, the chief economist of the European Patent Office. In this interview, he gives us his take on how recent developments in strategic patenting may affect competition and innovation in high-technology industries.


Raman spectra of isotopically pure zinc-blende CuBr (63Cu81Br) were measured at T = 10 K under hydrostatic pressures up to 4 GPa. The ambient-pressure spectrum consists of a transverse-optic (TO) phonon line and an anomalous broad band located at frequencies near the expected first-order longitudinal-optic (LO) scattering. Application of hydrostatic pressure leads to an increase of the linewidth of the TO mode and to a significant change of the LO scattering band which above 3 GPa develops into a single LO phonon peak of narrow linewidth. The disappearance of the LO Raman anomaly as well as the broadening of the TO mode with pressure are explained by pressure-dependent third-order anharmonic interactions of zone-center optical phonons with q = 0 two-phonon states.


Low-field M(H), transport, and magnetization measurements have been performed on hexagonal rubidium tungsten bronze Rb0.23WO(subscript 3+δ). Various thermodynamic parameters, such as H(subscript c1)(0), H(subscript c2)(0), λ(subscript ab)(0),λ(subscript c)(0), ξ(0), anisotropy parameterτ, and Ginzburg-Landau parameterκ are reported. The irreversibility line H(subscript irr)(T) follows (1-T/Tc)(superscript n) with exponent n=1.51 for sample with δ~-0.10 and 2.11 for sample with δ~0.02, indicating that the vortex dimensionality of Rb0.23WO2.90 is anisotropic three-dimensional (3D) and that of Rb0.23WO3.02 is quasi two-dimensional (2D). In addition, the magnetization curves in high-field regime near T(subscript c) collapse onto a universal curve 4πM/(TH)β=F[A((TT(subscript c)(H))/(TH)β)]with exponent β=2/3 for sample with δ~-0.10 and 1/2 for sample with δ~0.02, indicative of an anisotropic 3D and a quasi-2D scaling behavior for Rb0.23WO2.90)and Rb0.23WO3.02, respectively. The observed results strongly suggest that oxygen content has a significant influence on the nature of the superconducting properties of Rb0.23WO(subscript 3+δ).


In this paper, combining the three-term conjugate gradient method and the two-term conjugate gradient method with disturbance factors, a three-term conjugate gradient method with disturbance factors is proposed for solving unconstrained optimization problem. An attractive property of the method is that the generated direction is always sufficient descent direction, and this property is independent of the line search used. Under mild conditions, the global convergence of the proposed method with Wolfe line search is established.


We present a simple model for the solublization of hydrophobic colloidal particles, such as lipophilic drugs, in aqueous solutions through the use of bilayer-forming amphiphiles (surfactants or lipids). We predict that when the amphiphiles are in excess, there is a sharp transition from flocculated particles to dispersed ones. The system state (flocculated or dispersed particles) depends on the compressibility of the amphihphiles and their interaction energy with the particles. When the amphiphiles are not in excess, the volume fraction of solubilized particles is predicted to increase linearly with amphiphile concentration, with a slope that depends on amphiphile characteristics. These predictions are found to be in agreement with experimental observations.


The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of three clothing cues(jacket color, skirt color, and tone of Korean dress) on the image of Korean dress wearer using tone-in-tone coloration. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimuli and response scales. The stimuli...


Surveillance of 75 immunodeficiency patients exposed to UK‐sourced immunoglobulin, including batches derived from donors who went on to develop vCJD, has not detected any clinical cases of vCJD, or of asymptomatic infection in 15 patients with available tissue samples of sufficient quality for testing.


By the field survey and measurement to the coal minning subsided areas of the Buliante Mine,shendong Minning Area,the characters of the cracks,the geograhy changes and the wind erosion dynamics were analyzed.Results showed that the sand deposit was affected by the cracks obviously.The falls of the cracks,the excursion distances and the excursion angles showed the relations with the sand deposits.The conclusion of the study could contribute the scientific basis for the desertification control in the coal minning subsided area.


North Sulawesi is located in the North-Eastern regions of the Indonesian Archipelago. As
it is with most parts of Indonesia, North Sulawesi is dependent on rice as their staple food.
Not all islands within the North Sulawesi cluster of islands can grow paddy or corn for
their carbohydrate needs or starch ingredients in their diet and must have them shipped
from other places with the dire consequences of transportation costs. The endemic
biodiversity of these islands also has many plants with the potential as an alternative food
carbohydrate source. This study was to explore these endemic plants for potential food
ingredients for starch replacements for rice and corn. The many diversities available for
these starch ingredients amongst them are tuber sources (Taro – Colocasia esculenta,
Dalugha – Cyrtosperma merkusii, Gembili – Discorea esculenta and Banggai – Discorea
alata) and perimedular sources (Sago Tanah and Sago Baruk). Many studies have
researched these plants individually in various originating from many other parts of the
world, but not many have made a head-to-head comparison and explored the potentials of
these underutilized plants as starch food ingredients. This study extracted starches of these
plants in a standardized manner and compared the properties side-by-side. These plants
were found to be potentially healthy alternatives to rice as functional food starch with
lower digestibility which would lead to lower GI staples, especially for the livelihoods of
North Sulawesi coastal dwellers.


Simple Summary Ticks use heat emitted by warm-blooded animals to orient to potential hosts for blood-feeding. Here we study the behavior of two species, the black-legged tick and the lone star tick, to sources of heat emissions representative of a human host. First, we offered a heat source to females walking on a locomotion compensator (servosphere). While speed, walking distance, displacement and linearity were unaffected by the source of heat, walking trajectories of ticks were aimed toward this thermal source. In a double-choice walking bioassay, both nymphs and adults of both sexes of the lone star tick, but not the black-legged tick, oriented to a thermal source. From a practical standpoint, a source of heat might be used in combination with other, e.g., chemical or visual, signals in strategies aimed at the survey or control of targeted tick species. Abstract Ticks use chemical and thermal signals emitted by humans and other vertebrates to locate suitable hosts for a blood meal. Here, we study the behavior of black-legged Ixodes scapularis and the lone star ticks Amblyomma americanum exposed to heat sources held at temperatures near those of vertebrate hosts (32 °C). First, we used a locomotion compensator to test behavioral responses of ticks to an infrared light emitting diode (LED). The servosphere allowed us to measure parameters such as velocity, acceleration, linearity, and orientation. Then a heating element (Peltier) located in one of the extremes of a double-choice vertical rod (flying T), was employed to observe upward movement of the ticks toward such a heat source. While both species oriented toward the LED, only lone star ticks were attracted to the Peltier element while climbing upward. In conclusion, we showed that heat attracted ticks from short distances up to several centimeters on a the servosphere, and those responses differed between the two species of ticks on the flying T. We discuss our results in the context of the ecology of both tick species and their potential in tick survey and management.


Within the last two years the amount of information which has become available concerning the synthesis, function and molecular architecture of the QB-protein has made it one of the most extensively studied of the chloroplast membrane proteins. Since several other chloroplast membrane proteins comigrate with it on SDS-polyacrylamide gels (M,-32000), some confusion has existed as to the specific identification of the QB-protein. Recent developments, largely from the use of new techniques in molecular biology, have allowed a more precise definition of the QB-protein and have clarified some of these previous areas of confusion. It appears that the QB-protein exhibits many unique attributes which make it an excellent tool for studying membrane protein structure, function and metabolism.


The following observations derive from perusal of D.A.Russel's superlative Loeb text, recently published, and comparison of desultory notes, mostly made long ago by me, in my copy of M. Winterbottom's equally superb OCT. Anyone who ventures to write on this author after such connoisseurs of the Latin language and ancient rhetoric has to be content with miserable gleanings, but these old friends have been kind enough to look over my notes and recognise some ears of corn among them, though the reader must be warned that they also regard some of this matter as chaff.


A recent survey of over 2,000 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer found that half of those who undergo bilateral mastectomy after genetic testing don't actually have mutations known to confer increased risk of additional cancers, according to a study by researchers at the School of Medicine and four other U.S. medical centers. Instead the women had what are known as variants of uncertain significance, or VUS, that are often eventually found to be harmless. A bilateral mastectomy is a surgical procedure in which both of a woman's breasts are removed after a diagnosis of cancer in one breast. The finding highlights the need for genetic counselors to help both patients and physicians better understand the results of genetic testing intended to determine a woman's risk for cancer recurrence or for developing a separate cancer in her ovaries or unaffected breast. High-resolution images of more than 150-year-old anatomical wax models are being used as a teaching tool.


Supplemental chem ical analyses must be developed fo r measuring changes in shrimp q u a lity during storage* Such t e s t s w i l l augment e x is tin g o b jec tiv e measurements, p erm ittin g a more v a lid determ ination of in c ip ie n t spo ilage and providing e s s e n t ia l d a ta requ ired by the Food and Drug A dm inistration fo r e s ta b lish in g reasonable standards o f q u a lity f o r th i s food product* Carbonyl metabolism in shrimp decomposition was in v estig a ted * Methodology was developed f o r the e x tra c tio n , i s o la t io n , and con c e n tra tio n o f carbonyl contain ing compounds* An e th an o lic homogenate of peeled and deveined shrimp was sub jec ted to a b a tch -ty p e , co u n tercu rren t, l iq u id l iq u id e x tra c tio n process employing n-pentane as the e x tra c tio n solvent* I s o la t io n and concen tra tion o f the ex trac ted carbonyls was achieved through f ra c t io n a l d is  t i l l a t i o n and column chromatography* T otal carbonyl determ inations were made on the e lu q te from the chromatographic step* The e lu a te volume was concentrated to le s s than 0*5 ml,, and th e carbonyls p resen t were separa ted by gas chromatographic analysis* T en ta tive id e n t i f ic a t io n o f the e x tra c te d carbonyls was made by comparing th e i r re so lu tio n tim es on two d if fe re n t column packings w ith those fo r known carbonyls* D is tin c t advantages o f th e methodology a re : sm all sample s iz e (300 g ) , low tem perature ( le s s than 60<>C), and sh o r t time v i i i f o r complete an a ly s is ( le s s than 8 hours)* These fa c to rs minimise the p ro b a b ili ty o f a r t i f a c t production* C oncentrations of e x tra c ta b le carbonyls in f re sh shrimp averaged 3*1 ppm* During ic e sto rage s tu d ie s , carbonyl con ten ts inc reased through 21 d ay s1 sto rage and then tended to f a l l off* D e te rio ra tio n in q u a lity was observed a f t e r th e carbonyl con ten t exceeded *> ppm* Fresh shrimp sub jected to spo ilage cond itions ex h ib ited a s im ila r p a t te rn o f carbonyl change* Carbonyl con ten ts o f gamma ir r a d ia te d shrimp (0*2 Mrad) remained e s s e n t ia l ly constan t ( le s s than 3 ppm) through 28 days ' storage* The shrimp were considered to be o f good q u a li ty a t th e end o f the t e s t period* N on-irrad la ted c o n tro ls were sp o iled a t 21 d ay s ' sto rage and ex h ib ited high carbonyl concen trations* Trlmethylamine n itro g en (TMA-N), ammonia n itro g en (NH^-N), and to ta l b a c te r ia l p la te counts p a ra l le le d carbonyl changes in a l l s tud ies* T otal p la te counts a t 20°C were considered more im portant in q u a li ty eva lu a tio n than those a t 3£°C* Carbonyl form ation in shrimp apparen tly o r ig in a te s p rim a rily from sources o th e r than those responsib le f o r trlm ethylam ine and ammonia production* Shrimp q u a li ty cannot be eva luated in terms o f any one o b jec tiv e measurement! however, co n s id era tio n o f th e aggregate r e s u l t s of a number o f such t e s t s should provide a r e l ia b le index o f spoilage* R esults o f th ese s tu d ie s in d ica ted th a t in c ip ie n t spo ilage was p re se n t when the follow ing values were exceeded: t o t a l carbonyl—5 ppm; TMA-N--1$ mg p e r 100 grams; 30 mg p e r 100 grams; and to t a l b a c te r ia l p la te counts—5>0 m illio n p e r ix gram a t 20°C o r 5> m illio n p e r gram a t 3$°C* Acetaldehyde, acetone, d ia c e ty l , and 3-m ethyl-2-butanone were te n ta t iv e ly id e n t i f ie d as carbonyls produced during shrimp decom position. P lau sib le biochem ical mechanisms were p resen ted to account f o r th e i r production*


Six polylactides, polymerized with Salen−Al−OCH3 initiator and having optical purities between 43% and 100%, were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and optical microscopy, following various crystallization conditions. It was found that each of those polylactides can crystallize, even those with low optical purities; their crystallization rate is, however, slower than those for high optical purity polyesters. Moreover, the low optical purity polymers tend to form stereocomplexes between the l and d sequences of the same polylactide, which behavior is ascribed to their multiblock microstructure. A correlation was found between the measured melting temperature of optically active polylactides and their average sequence length.


Management of flows over today's power grid is becoming increasingly complex owing to the volatility introduced due to non-dispatchable sources like PV and wind. The need for autonomous and precise control over power flows in the transmission system is felt. This paper proposes a hybrid transformer-based solution to add dynamic control over voltages, power flows and impedances on transmission systems. The proposed technology involves augmenting a conventional transformer with a fractionally rated converter. The approach shows numerous improvements as well as cheaper cost points over traditional FACTS-based approaches. Further, a modular approach towards using this technology is presented to enable high reliability, redundancy and resiliency for the transmission grid. System level simulations are presented here to showcase the approach's feasibility.


Water hyacinth has become a menace in Sambhaji tank, Solapur city, Maharashtra, India. An attempt has been made to convert this water hyacinth into a nutrient rich vermicompost using the earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. The macronutrient and microbial analysis of vermicompost at various intervals of time has been studied and compared with decomposing water hyacinth. It was found that nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and moisture were increased while organic carbon, C/N ratio, EC and pH were decreased. Microbial study revealed an increase in total count when compared with decomposed water hyacinth. The study of macronutrients is first of its kind in the water hyacinth vermicompost. The present work is a viable alternative for managing solid waste and pollution.


The utility model discloses a liquid crystal glass substrate cutting device, which comprises a first cutting unit and a second cutting unit, wherein the first cutting unit and the second cutting unit respectively comprise an upper cutting part and a lower cutting part which are respectively used for cutting the upper-layer substrate and the lower-layer substrate of a liquid crystal glass substrate, and a supporting base table for supporting the liquid crystal glass substrate, and the upper cutting part and the lower cutting part respectively comprise a first support horizontally arranged, and a first driving module for driving the first support to move along the X direction, and also comprise a second support vertically arranged at one end of the first support, and a second driving module for driving the second support to move along the Y direction; and the second support is provided with a first cutting tool bit arranged along the vertical direction and a third driving module for driving the first cutting tool bit to move along the Z direction. The utility model achieves that the two cutting units simultaneously cut along two cutting lines, thereby greatly improving the cutting speed of the liquid crystal glass substrate, and significantly improving cutting efficiency.


To improve current power system stabilizer(PSS),which has fixed parameters and single operating mode,a practical algorithm is presented.Based on non-linear regression analysis,it can accurately estimate the oscillation frequency of power system within1/4cycle,real-timely adjust PSS's operating parameters and flexibly suppress the oscillation of different frequencies.On analyzing the mathematical law followed by low-frequency oscillation,a recursive equation is put forward and then simplified with Taylor series expansion.N sampling points are equidistantly drawn to calculate the recursive equation coefficients,which are then used to estimate oscillation frequency.The Matlab simulation proves that this algorithm has higher precision and speed.


High‐loading lithium–sulfur batteries have gained considerable fame for possessing high area capacity, but face a stern challenge from capacity fading because of serious issues, including "polysulfides shuttling," insulating S/Li2S, large volume changes, and the shedding of S/C particles during drying or the cell encapsulation process. Herein, a bioinspired water‐soluble binder framework is constructed via intermolecular physical cross‐linking of functional side chains hanging on the terpolymer binder. Experimental results and density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that this network binder featuring superior volume change accommodation can also capture lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) through strong anchoring of O, N+ actives to LiPSs by forming Li···O and N+···Sx2− bonds. In addition, the abundant negative charged sulfonate coordination sites and good electrolyte uptake of the designed binder endow the assembled cells with high lithium ion conductivity and fast lithium ion diffusion. Consequently, a remarkable capacity retention of 98% after 350 cycles at 1 C and a high areal capacity of 12.8 mA h cm−2 with high sulfur loading of 12.0 mg cm−2 are achieved by applying the environmentally friendly binder.


This article offers a postcolonial reading regarding the attempt on criminalization aimed at sexual and gender minorities in the Democratic Republic of Uganda since 2009. While the process in question was mobilized not only - but also by transnational practices - discourses reiterated by state representatives and intergovernmental agencies insist on visualizing it as endogenous in nature. The incorporation of this discourse results, ultimately, in sanctions and policies of humiliation at a global level that deny, or rather, do not verbalize the exogenous participation of this attempt. With the mobilization of postcolonial theoretical contributions and the Discourse Analysis field of study, one identifies how the accountability of Ugandan subjects is constructed, and in particular, the national government of Uganda - a socio-1 political community seen primarily by the prism of the African matrix in this initiative. In turn, the monolithic interpretation mentioned above is possible by the still persistent system of representation that conceives the non-European subject in a space-time of delay, as opposed to the parameter of the current model of nation-state, historically constructed by political agents from the Global North. Therefore, the central argument of the article is to explain the complex and transnational dimension involved in the process, not contemplated by actors of the international community in its social practices. authorities saw as having succumbed to sexual decadence, (i.e. homosexuality), and effeminacy among men. 18


A vibration model of the varied stiffness leaf spring suspension system with two degrees of freedom is established and its random response calculation is made by means of the statistical linearizing method. In order to verify the reasonableness of the model, a simulation vibration experiment of SY110抯 rear suspensions is conducted on the Schenck actor with electro-hydraulic serve loading actor. The comparison between the calculation values and the experimental values shows that they are very close. Finally, the author analyse the influences of the factors such as suspension system damping, velocity and road excitation upon the system response.


Planar defects were observed in a hot isostatically pressed Al–Cu–Fe alloy. The defects were determined to be perpendicular to the fivefold direction. They were also found to be regions where the quasiperiodicity in the five-fold direction was disrupted, resulting in a periodicity along this direction of 1.06 nm. The defects were stable up to approximately 750 °C. The defects were determined to be formed by the applied shear forces associated with the consolidation process. The displacement vector of the defects was determined to be in a twofold direction perpendicular to the periodic direction.


In this paper, we classify a special class of higher dimensional stationary manifolds. We consider an n dimensional manifold N with metric ds^2=g^ijdxidxj which is embedded to an n + 1 dimensional stationary manifold M with metric ds2=eω2(dt+αidxi)2+ω2g^ijdxidxj. The submanifold is taken to be almost complex manifold with parallel and integrable almost complex structure where dα is its Kahler form. We will demonstrate that the sub-manifold N is maximally symmetric space if manifold M is maximally symmetric space, otherwise the sub-manifold N is Einstein space if manifold M is Einstein space.


https://jes-online.org We read with interest "A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Comparative Study of Three Energy Devices in Open Thyroid Surgery: Thunderbeat, Harmonic, and Ligasure" by Back et al. (1). This is a randomized study by a single surgeon which has added to the existing literature on hemostatic devices, analyzing the role of each device, their strengths and weaknesses. The role of thunderbeat in reducing the time of central compartment lymph node dissection with similar intraoperative and postoperative outcomes can be of much help in central dissections where the inferior parathyroid gland and the recurrent laryngeal nerve can be at risk (2). We also agree with the authors that individualizing the best device for that particular procedure can help in much-desired outcomes. We have a few queries which may interest future readers.


This talk reports the latest CLEO observation of D production in b decays, which provides new insite of the QCD interactions in heavy quark systems. The observed B semileptonic branching fraction has been significantly lower than QCD expectations, as was confirmed by recent lepton-lepton correclation studies at various experiments that removed most of the model dependence in previous generation measurements. One possible explanation to accommodate this lepton shortage or a wider hadronic width of B mesons is that the process b 4 cZs contributes at a higher rate than expected. That explanation, however, predicts more charm production in than is observed. Using lepton tags in B events this analysis measures the fraction of b + DX in addition to b + DX. The first observation of B + DDX has profound implications to both experiment and theory. Invited talk presented at the High Energy Physics International Euroconference on Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD-96) Montpellier, France July 4-12, 1996 MSTRIBUTiON OF THiS DOCUMENT IS UNUMtTED 'Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC03-76SF00515.


Network hard disk(RaySource for short),a cloud storage technology,is a unique data storage space in the Internet for the user.The paper from the user's perspective,uses network sniffing tool Ethereal,by the way of capturing the file transmitting data packets of the network disk client to determine the transmission time,calculates the transmission rate.Through testing the speed of uploading and downloading files through the client,and comparing its transferring speed of Jinshan fast disk,Dbank and Tianyi disk with different factors,the paper explores the main factors effecting network disk performance among the user using,finally provides a feasible technology and methods for cloud storage products performance evaluation.


A key challenge in the development of systems is the engagement of domain experts in their articulation, agreement, and validation of requirements. This challenge is particularly pronounced at the early requirements phase when multiple stakeholders from different divisions and often different organisations need to reach agreement about the intended systems. Decisions taken at this stage have a profound effect on the technical and economic feasibility of the project. The S approach advocates the use of a modelling process expressed in terms of strategy-service-support dimensions, augmented by appropriate simulation techniques that enable experimentation with different scenarios. The S approach has been presented elsewhere. The aim of this paper is to provide insights from a large project in which the author played an active and interventionist part, on the utility of the S approach in facilitating stakeholder 186 Loucopoulos Copyright E 2008, IGI Global. Copyright or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. engagement in early requirements specification. The action research for this project involved the design of venue operations for the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. Many tens of stakeholders from a wide spectrum of professional expertise participated in the definition of business support systems for 21 competition venues over a period of 3 years. An interesting feature of this project was the use of three different approaches, starting with traditional peerto-peer knowledge transfer, followed by a typical business process modelling method and finally adopting the S approach and the way of working for the entire design of venue operations. The paper offers insights on all three approaches, insights that reflect on the problem of early requirements in general and on the validation of the effectiveness of the S approach in particular.


This paper investigates the performance of different turbulence models for simulatinthe aeroacoustic field generated by turbulent flow. The acoustic field is calculated by solving thlinearized Euler equations (LEE), while the acoustic source is obtained by solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Three different turbulence models are adopted for the flow simulation: the large eddy simulation (LES), the delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDESand unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS). The acoustic sources arcalculated on a flow grid and then transferred and interpolated onto an acoustic grid, enablinthe acoustic computation of the far field with a reasonable computational cost. We present thacoustic sources calculated using different turbulence models. Furthermore, we compare thsound pressure level (SPL) spectra of different turbulence models with the experimental data.


This essay argues that the idea of protecting 'the reasonable expectations of the parties' is unhelpful for understanding how contract law does, or should, work. The 'reasonable expectations of the parties' stands for a number of different ideas. Individually, none of these ideas are or should be applicable to more than a small part of contract law; collectively, the only thing they have in common is that each is better expressed using a different concept. The idea that contract law does and should protect the reasonable expectations of the parties is essentially a slogan.


Abstract A reanalysis of pertinent data on survival, natural mortality rates and rates of exploitation for largemouth black bass (Micropterus salmoides) is made. It is demonstrated mathematically that a size limit effective one year after the minimum size at which capture is practicable will eventually assure a greater number of large fish in the catch than is possible without a size limit under the conditions observed to date. Large fish are defined as those which are three years or more older than fish at the limiting size for capture.


This article reports 4 experiments concerning the effect of repetition on rated truth (the illusory truth effect). Statements were paired with differentially credible sources (true vs. false). Old trues would be rated true on 2 bases, source recollection and statement familiarity. Old falses, however, would be rated false if sources were recollected, leaving the unintentional influence of familiarity as their only basis for being rated true. Even so, falses were rated truer than new statements unless sources were especially memorable. Estimates showed the contributions of the 2 influences to be independent; the intentional influence of recollection was reduced if control was impaired, but the unintentional influence of familiarity remained constant


Excerpt Granuloma inguinale is a disease of probable venereal origin which holds little interest for the average practitioner, primarily because of the scarcity of such patients in private practice...


Summary An area in person perception that researchers have not considered closely involves the communication of personality impressions from one person to another. This experiment investigated the role of attention in impression communication with the use of Norman's model of selective attention. Specifically, it was hypothesized that selective attention facilitates communication accuracy. The Ss were 56 paid undergraduate volunteers, 28 males and 28 females, ranging in age from 18 to 24. Three encoding groups of 12 Ss each were given identical videotaped object person information, but Group I was instructed to attend to the object persons' physical characteristics, Group II to forming accurate personality impressions, and Group III received no instructions. All groups were tested for recall of physical characteristics and also were requested to write down their impressions of each object person. Decoders were presented with the same videotapes and then matched each encoded impression with the correct ref...


Based on an analysis of the fee schedule update process in France, the Federal Republic of Germany and Canada, this article draws a number of inferences and interpretations and concludes with a discussion of the major weaknesses and strengths of the United States.


The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Soviet government — attaching great importance to cooperative housing construction and considering the fact that material costs are involved when citizens join housing construction cooperatives — has adopted a number of decrees in recent years that confer substantial benefits on the cooperatives. This has made it possible to draw a significant number of citizens into cooperative housing construction. Today there is hardly a city in which housing construction cooperatives do not construct housing. They are also to be found in workers' settlements and in rural areas.


Making use of Bayesian Neural network,a prediction model has been established for improving the accuracy of checking temper embrittlement of steam turbine rotor steel(30Cr2MoV) by the electrochemical potentiodynamic reaction(EPR) method.A model has been established that reflects the relationship between fracture appearance transition temperature(FATT_(50)) of rotor steel and electrochemical eigenvalues,temperature of the electrolyte,the steel's chemical ingredients,J parameter and crystal granularity N.The model's regularly trained Bayesian Neural Network was constructed by making use of data concerning the ratio of activating to reactivating peak current densities(I_a/I_r) of rotor steel(30Cr2MoV),temperature of the electrolyte,the rotor's steel chemical ingredient,J parameter and the crystal's granularity parameter N,obtained by the EPR method under sixty different temperature conditions of the picric electrolyte.The trained neural network was then used to predict the fracture appearance transition temperature of some new rotor steel material.Results showed that training errors of the neural network and verifying test errors were all within a scatter band of ±20℃,which is smaller than that obtainable by the multiple linear regression method.Thus the fracture appearance transition temperature of rotor steel can be predicted more accurately by means of Bayesian neural networks.Figs 3,tables 3 and refs 13.


Soluble aluminum in acid soils can induce severe phytotoxic effects, leading to a decrease in both the mitotic activity of roots and the yield of cultivated plants. Intraspecific variability for aluminum tolerance has been described in many species. However, results from studies on transmission of this trait are conflicting because they indicate monogenic and quantitative inheritance, prevalently with the expression of more than one locus. The aim of this research was to evaluate the inheritance of tolerance in a family of maize (Zea mays L.) consisting of aluminum-tolerant and aluminum-sensitive parental inbred lines, and their progenies. Net Seminal Root Length (NSRL) was analyzed in seedlings grown in nutrient solution containing 4.5 µg/mL aluminum. NSRL distributions in F 2 and in backcrosses with the aluminum-sensitive parent were bimodal and indicated ratios 3:1 and 1:1, respectively. It is concluded that, in this family, tolerance is inherited as a single trait with a main locus effect.


The graduation research focusses on mitigations in the built environment abating aircraft noise which can used by urban planners, designers and policy makers operating in airport regions. Aircraft noise is an issue for airport regions as it forces building restrictions upon aircraft noise exposed areas (e.g. for Schiphol and the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area) and increases the chance people living in such areas will face (stress related) physical disorders. Instead of focusing on the noise source (the aircraft) this research aims to develop mitigations which can be applied within the built environment for different varieties of aircraft noise. The research first develops aircraft noise abating solutions by literature study, which are converted to twenty-four design patterns. The design pattern methodology has showed to be effective to translate (technical) information to design and planning tools and incorporates today's complex realm of (airport) urban planning and design. Moreover, the research maps average and incidental sound pressure levels in the Schiphol area which are used to indicate where in the vicinity of Schiphol the design patterns can be applied. This results in design pattern which are partly generic (can be applied in any airport region) and specific (application of the design patterns in the Schiphol area). Aside from design patterns, also a qualitative system to analyse the effects and presence of (spatial) aircraft noise abating solutions in airport regions has been developed. By this analysis framework, different areas within the Schiphol region are analysed which indicates how the existing area can be optimized. In the final parts of the thesis, the design patterns are tested by two design cases. The first case aims to test the application of design patterns by urban designers and planners working in the Schiphol area. The results are positive but suggests further research and simplification of the design patterns in needed. The second case addresses an individual design proposal which is tested in a numerical model. The numerical model quantifies the sound pressure level reduction for the aircraft noise variety the second design case focussed on. The results are positive and show the design patterns applied in the second case contribute to increased sound pressure levels although more research will be needed.


The Union Finance Minister of India Sri Arun Jaitely presented the Union Budget in Parliament in 2016. The fiscal policy encompasses the Direct and Indirect Taxes. The Finance bill approved by President of India will become Finance Act. The Taxpayers are the elite group. Their contribution to the Economic growth and development of Indian Economy is highly commendable and appreciable. The present paper proposes the study of Income tax in India from both theoretical and practical aspects. The Income Tax Act, 1961 came into effect from 1st of April, 1962 in India. Taxation comprises of Direct and Indirect Taxes in India. The Total (Direct and Indirect) Taxes in India have gone up to Rs 14.54 Lakh Crore during the year 2015–16 in contrast to 627 crores during the year 1950–51. The Income from Total Taxes has increased substantially by 2, 319.26 fold during the above study period. The contribution of total taxes is highly substantial in India. Direct tax to GDP ratio in India is at 5.47 percent in the year 2015–16 in contrast to 2.22 percent during the year 1950–51. The direct tax to GDP ratio has gone up substantially during the above study period. In the end there are few suggestions made to the Government in the interest of taxpayers.


It is confirmed, that epizootic control of epizootic manifestation of certain animals' diseases is one of the main functions of veterinary service. It was found that the epizootic manifestation of infectious diseases has its own characteristics depending on the intensity of epizootic process, species and other factors. The epizootic manifestation of Demodex of dogs in Nizhniy Novgorod conditions (its territorial borders, population borders and time borders) vary significantly.


We propose noble ideas and formulations based on nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in image segmentation and image restoration. Two algorithms which have different perspectives on taking initial contours are proposed in image segmentation. The first is to place initial contours arbitrarily for the purpose of capturing multiple junctions and holes of objects in an image. The second is to place those close to boundaries of objects for the purpose of fine segmentation. In image restoration, we propose a nonlinear PDE for regularizing a tensor which contains the first derivative information of an image such as strength of edges and a direction of the gradient of the image. It improves the quality of results in many low level topics in computer vision, which need the first derivative information of an image. In the first segmentation algorithm, noble forces based on active contours models are proposed for capturing objects in an image. The main purpose of segmentation is to detect multiple junctions and holes of objects in an image. Contemplating the common functionality of forces in previous active contours models, we propose the geometric attraction-driven flow (GADF), the binary edge function, and the binary balloon forces to detect objects in difficult cases such as varying illumination and complex shapes. The orientation of GADF is orthogonally aligned with a boundary of an object and two vectors across the boundary are the opposite direction. Since GADF is obtained robust to changes of strength of edges, it prevents a leakage on an weak edge in curve evolution. To reduce the interference from other forces, we design the binary edge function using the property of orientation in GADF. We also design the binary balloon forces based on the four-color theorem. Combining with initial dual level set functions, the proposed model captures holes in objects and multiple junctions from different colors. The result does not depend on positions of initial contours. In the second segmentation algorithm, we propose fine segmentation in order to


Electromagnetic radiation generated by lasers is considerably more coherent and monochromatic, and less divergent than that from conventional thermal or fluorescent sources. These properties enable the laser energy to be focused with simple lenses into small spots in the range 0.025 to 1.0 mm in diameter, in which the energy density is sufficiently high for cutting, drilling and welding both metals and nonmetals.


The increase in survival time and cure requires more extensive care about the quality of life of cancer patients, which begins soon after diagnosis. Thus, it seems reasonable to the emphasis on development of studies covering the psychosocial variables, such as stigma, treatment of childhood cancer aiming thereby to the attention of the overall needs of the child. Thus, this research aims to investigate the perception of stigma and quality of life in children with cancer. This is a cross-sectional research and understanding of the descriptive type, the type specimen being adopted for convenience. This consisted of thirty children with cancer and thirty children without chronic disease. The instruments used were the Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Perceived Stigma Scale and Technical Drawing Story with a Theme. The results indicate that the chronic condition, no interfered significantly in satisfaction with the quality of life in children with cancer and identified that the quality of life is not related to the stigma. Comparison with children with no chronic disease with infants with cancer, no significant differences were observed. However, the group mean contrast was lower, suggesting a greater impairment in quality of life of children with cancer compared to those without chronic disease. It is worth noting that the psychosocial effects and the limitations imposed by disease and treatment are presented as important factors in the design mode of subjective manifestations of children with cancer. Therefore, it is expected that knowledge elucidated by this study will assist, greatly to the promotion of improved emotional, biological and social development itself and the involvement of children with cancer treatment.


The GBR-P is a multifunction X-band phased array prototype radar being developed by Raytheon Systems Company, Sudbury, Mass. The GBR-P is being built at the US Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA), Marshall Islands. As the primary ground based sensor in the National Missile Defense system, a deployed operational radar will perform surveillance, acquisition, track, discrimination and fire control support, and gather information to support kill assessment (KA). To support precommit, the radar will plan and schedule the sensor resources to search in response to cueing-handover, acquire, track, classify/identify, and estimate object trajectory parameters. The radar will pass to the engagement planner all objects it classifies as threat targets and other potential targets. The engagement planner (BM/C3) will use the data to develop a weapon tasking plan for the ground based interceptor (GBI) and for the planning of sensor tasking required for postcommit. In postcommit, the radar schedules its sensor resources to continue tracking the target to provide both in-flight target update (IFTU) and radar target object map (TOM) data to the GBI via the BM/C3, and collects data to assess the intercept for hard kill of the target. This paper describes the antenna that has been designed, built, installed, and tested at USAKA.


factors have received little attention is an exaggeration. Entire articles, if not books, will be written in response to this book. I would just note that the authors say too little about the domestic restraints on the use of domestic power (pp. 5–6), do not address the fundability of power, and do not deal with the question of the extent to which American behavior and even preferences are shaped by interdependence and the desire to minimize opposition. Even more, difficulties are created by the fact—if it is a fact—that what the United States wants is not only security and influence but also the establishment of democracies around the world, which, it believes, will lead to a system characterized by common values and the ability to solve common problems. Even if others cannot restrain the United States by actively opposing it, such a world may remain beyond the American reach, and seeking to gain it may impose costs on the country as well as on others. At the end of their study, Brooks andWohlforth imply that such an effort to promote democracy American style, led more wisely than President George W. Bush has done, might succeed. But it is a significant jump from arguing that others cannot restrain the United States to concluding that America can reshape world politics as it pleases.


This index presents a list of biblical references relevant to the discussion on elements of a materialist philosophy of religion and the theological writings of Ernst Bloch, Walter Benjamin, Louis Althusser, Henri Lefebvre, Antonio Gramsci, Terry Eagleton, Slavoj Žižek and Theodor Adorno. The book talks about Marxist works on theological writings.Keywords: biblical criticism; Marxist works; materialist philosophy; theological writings


A recent article by de Valk and colleagues reported the use of the fluorescent agent cRGD-ZW800–1 for visualization of tumor tissue in humans during surgery (1). The authors hypothesize that their compound, which "consists of a cyclic pentapeptide (cRGD) conjugated to the 800 nm zwitterionic NIR fluorophore ZW800–1" [sic], is able to recognize avb6-integrin. The authors confirmed presence of avb6integrin in excised tumor tissue by IHC and concluded that the observed accumulation of cRGD-ZW800–1 is driven byavb6-integrin expression. Figure 6 of this article reveals that the "(cRGD)" [sic] peptide in cRGD-ZW800–1 is cyclo[RGDyK]. Such cyclic pentapeptides are known for decades, however, not as ligands for avb6-, but for avb3-integrin (2). Peptides of the cyclo[RGDxK] (x 1⁄4 y, f) type were extensively used for addressing angiogenic processes in vivo, because it was shown in 1991 that avb3-integrin plays an important role for angiogenesis. A recent comprehensive study of the selectivity profiles of RGD-binding peptides confirmed that the cyclo[RGDxK] motif is selective for avb3-integrin (3). It shows single-digit nanomolar avb3 activity, but its affinity to other RGD-binding integrins (most importantly, avb6, but also avb5, a5b1, avb8, and aIIbb3) is definitely too low for in vivo targeting of these receptors. This widely accepted notion was further corroborated by a study of the cell uptake of different selective ligands for RGD-recognizing integrins conjugated to ferrocene, a cytotoxic agent (4). While even low concentrations of the respective cyclo-RGDpentapeptide conjugate reduced the viability of avb3-expressing cells, no effect was observed for avb6-positive cells, even if the conjugate was delivered in high concentrations, underscoring that cellular binding and uptake of cyclo-RGD pentapeptide conjugates is driven by avb3, but not avb6 (4). The lack of avb6 binding of cRGD pentapeptides strongly suggests that there is no causal relationship between tumor uptake of cRGD-ZW800–1 and presence of avb6 in tissue. Hence, we hold the view that the proposed tumor uptake mechanism is invalid. We are aware that this group previously determined the avb6-integrin– mediated cellular uptake of cRGD-ZW800–1 (5). In our view, these data neither support the authors' hypothesis. Uptake of cRGDZW800–1 by avb6-integrin–expressing HT29 cells could not be blocked by competition (no significance; ref. 5), which confirms that cellular uptake of the agent is not avb6-driven. We conclude that cRGD-ZW800–1 accumulation in the tumor tissue is certainly not caused by avb6-integrin expression, because the peptide in cRGDZW800–1 is not a ligand for avb6.


There is a growing water resources shortage in China, while at the same time much of the precious water is wasted and abused. The phenomenon may be attributed to many reasons. The reason of unreasonable water allocation system is studied in this article. When water resources are undervalued, a rational user would increase his water consumption until its marginal return equals to its marginal cost. However, for lack of information, it is very difficult for the government to identify water resources price.To solve this dilemma, water trade among water users is recommended. The mechanism is built on a clear property rights basis, that is, water consumption permission is allotted to water users, the permission are tradable in the water market .If a user find the utility of an amount of water permission is less than its market price, he can sell it to the more efficient users. Thus, the water resources can be reasonably priced and efficiently used.


. Given a system of entire functions in C n with at most countable set of common zeros, we introduce the concept of zeta-function associated with the system. Under reasonable assumptions on the system, the zeta-function is well defined for all s ∈ Z n with sufficiently large components. Using residue theory we get an integral representation for the zeta-function which allows us to construct an analytic extension of the zeta-function to an infinite cone in C n .


(149). In sharing those visions, inquiry and deliberation begin between individuals, and the "community boundaries are formed through the appreciation of the effects of the creative process" (143). The interdisciplinary voices and the theoretical and applied perspectives of John Dewey's concept of creative democracy are key for a new generation's democratic voice. Creative democracy's ability for problematization and harmonization, recapturing the play with idea, while aiming for social justice is inspiring. Seeing this at work solidifies Dewey's place in interdisciplinary scholarship for generations to come.


ABSTRACT The main objective of the present work is to predict the critical crack length for a given load and critical load for a given crack length in case of an infinitely long four-layered angle-ply FRP laminates of symmetric (Ө/-Ө/-Ө/Ө) fibre orientation. The model is simply supported along two sides of infinitely long and subjected to a centre line loading parallel to supported edges. The crack is considered as a delamination at one end parallel to the supported edges in the mid plane of the laminate. The problem is modelled in commercial software ANSYS and the strain energy release rate (SERR) is calculated using Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT). It is observed that the structure is subjected to mode-II fracture under the imposed loading and constraints. The effect of applied load and crack length on SERR is studied for different fiber angles of the laminate. Critical crack length and critical load are estimated from the interlaminar critical SERR.


The invention relates to a device for determining the proper motion of a vehicle, the apparatus comprising a first sensor unit for determining the kinematic data of the vehicle to detect an environment of the vehicle, respectively at a first time and a second time and a second sensor unit which is carried out and to determine a relative movement of the vehicle to the environment, further comprising to determine a computing unit, which is embodied a change in position of the vehicle between the first and the second point in time based on the kinematic data of the first sensor unit and the relative movement detected by the second sensor unit.


In this paper, we present a probabilistic framework to recover the extrinsic calibration parameters of a lidar-IMU sensing system. Unlike global-shutter cameras, lidars do not take single snapshots of the environment. Instead, lidars collect a succession of 3D-points generally grouped in scans. If these points are assumed to be expressed in a common frame, this becomes an issue when the sensor moves rapidly in the environment causing motion distortion. The fundamental idea of our proposed framework is to use preintegration over interpolated inertial measurements to characterise the motion distortion in each lidar scan. Moreover, by using a set of planes as a calibration target, the proposed method makes use of lidar point-to-plane distances to jointly calibrate and localise the system using on-manifold optimisation. The calibration does not rely on a predefined target as arbitrary planes are detected and modelled in the first lidar scan. Simulated and real data are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


smaller cities. We know from the history of department stores that they were merely the tip of the iceberg of consumer modernity, while smaller shops were often equally important in processes of professionalization and specialization. A glance at the transformation of guesthouses might have provided a better sense of how new conventions of travel and consumption affected wider swaths of the population in different countries. The business side of the hotels, which were enormous investments and represented, according to Knoch, the ninth-largest sector of the US economy in the 1920s, remains similarly underdeveloped. We are afforded only brief glimpses of the accounting, credit, or marketing departments of these large-scale enterprises, which employed a vast clerical and engineering staff; and precious little time is spent in the technical and administrative underbelly of these organizations. But it is surely a good sign when the reader, reaching the end of a long monograph, wishes there were more. Knoch's theoretically thoughtful approach to the hotel as a signature space of "liquid modernity," his colorful depiction of society life drawing on a wide variety of literary and biographical sources, and his thorough historical contextualization and transnational perspective make Grandhotels a substantial piece of scholarship and a joy to read. Jan Logemann, University of Göttingen