Objective: This research was to identify the learning styles (EA) used by students in the program of Biology at the University of La Guajira (Colombia) and of the biomedical area of the University of the Lord of Sipan (Peru), in order to establish a direct relationship between these styles. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Subjects were surveyed 36 first half of the program of Biology at the University of La Guajira, and 36 in the second half of the biomedical area of the University of the Lord of Sipan. For the collection of the information was used the questionnaire learning styles Honey-Alonso (CHAEA). Findings: Subsequently, a descriptive analysis was performed and standard deviation of the data. The students of the University of La Guajira (Colombia), showed mainly a pragmatic style, in contrast to the students of the University of the Lord of Sipan (Peru), which showed mainly a reflective style. Application/Improvements: However, in both groups of students is considered to be a trend toward a mixed learning style. It is recommended to teachers to encourage students to strengthen the learning processes using various tools.
Keywords: Active Learning, Learning Pragmatic, Learning Styles, Reflective Learning, Theoretical Learning


In this article we focus on the constructedness of Shangguan Wan'er's 上官婉兒 representation in her muzhiming, moving beyond what information is communicated within a muzhiming 墓志銘 to explore how it is communicated, to whom, and why. We begin by providing an overview of Shangguan's muzhiming and its content. We then analyze "irregularities" in her muzhiming: the unusual length of its genealogy section, discrepancies in its diction, and strange lacunae and ambiguities. Finally, we place Shangguan's muzhiming alongside Zhang Yue's 張說 (667–730) "Stele Elegy for Lady Shangguan" and "Preface to the Collected Works of Lady Shangguan." Focusing on differences in how these texts framed, described, and evaluated Shangguan Wan'er's life, we explore traces preserved in the muzhiming of negotiations surrounding the construction of her memory. We conclude with a summation of our approach's contributions to understanding Shangguan Wan'er, broader discourse about women power-brokers in Chinese history, and practices of representation and memory in medieval China.


Objective To observe the changes of the renocortical tissue lipid peroxicition of acute renal failure induced by diffent dose cisplatin in rats and to study the mechanism of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.Methods Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into NS group,CDDP 1 group,CDDP 2 group, CDDP 3 group.All rats were injected via the tail vein with cisplatin and NS by qd.The changes of Scr,BUN,MDA,SOD,GSH-Px were measured.Results The contents of serum Scr and BUN of CDDP groups were significantly highter than that of NS group ( P 0 05).The content of renocortical tissue MDA was significantly highter than that of NS group ( P 0 05).The activities of renocortical tissue SOD and GSH-Px were lower than that of NS group ( P 0 05).The activities of renocortical tissue SOD and GSH-Px,the contents of serum Scr and BUN were significantly correlative.Conclusions The renocortical tissue lipid peroxiciton increasing might be the cause of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.The renocortical tissue injury becomes heavier by dose increasing.


Abstract:The current research investigates student and teacher attitudes toward pronunciation instruction in the L2 French classroom. Anecdotally, and from survey research (such as Harlow and Muyskens and Grim and Sturm), students want to learn pronunciation. Grim and Sturm found that teachers were less interested in teaching pronunciation than students were in learning it. This survey asks students and teachers directly about their attitudes toward pronunciation in the L2 French classroom. Results suggest that students are, as reported previously, quite motivated to learn pronunciation and that the teachers surveyed do, in fact, teach pronunciation in their classrooms.


The island of St Helena is more prosperous than other tropical Atlantic islands, but this prosperity is more a mark of the Aid it receives from its colonial power than any indigenous economic strength. A number of problems with the economic and social situation on St Helena were identified in the early 1980s and, whilst many of these issues have been addressed since, the economy remains Aid-dependent and the population is still rather unambitious and seems not to have developed the enterprise looked for at that time. The latest National Development Plan seeks to encourage enterprise by better use of island resources leading, it is hoped, to sustainable improvements in living standards and reduced dependence on its colonial power, the United Kingdom. The paper also sets St Helena into a wider context of contemporary colonialism.


Community impact assessment (CIA) is "a process to evaluate the effects of a transportation action on a community and its quality of life" (1). It is a way to incorporate community considerations into the planning and development of major transportation projects. From a policy perspective, it is a process for assessing the social and economic impacts of transportation projects as required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The assessment may address a variety of important community issues such as land use, aesthetics, mobility, community cohesion, safety, relocation, and economic development. This paper provides background on the community impact assessment process and a suggested approach for assessing potential aesthetic impacts of transportation projects. Additional information on these techniques is presented in Community Impact Assessment: A Handbook for Transportation Professionals (CIA Handbook) prepared by the Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) at the University of South Florida.


Combined with the social need of geotechnical investigation technology and engineering specialty based on the analysis on disadvantage of soil mechanics experiment in nowadays,the importance of soil mechanics experiment teaching reform was pointed out,namely,separate experiments should be changed to centralized ones,experimental verification to self-experimental design,single experiments to comprehensive ones.The methods of actual test data analyzing and processing were used to improve the teaching quality of soil mechanics and creative professional training.


The present situation of the pump adapter setting for the high-rise buildings was amalyzed,the weak links in the setting of the fire pump adapter was pointed out,the plans of setting fire pump adapter for high-rise,ultra-high-rise buildings was proposed.The method of fire water supply was optimized to make the pump adapter setting more reasonable and reliable,and to create the favorable conditions of using the pump adapter efficiently and conveniently for firefighters.


The development of Islamic da'wah activities is quite significant in terms of the number of followers, materials, methods, and media used. Advances in current technological flows make social media can function as a medium of da'wah both individually and institutionally. This study aims to describe the strategy of using social media in the development of da'wah in the Darul Futuh Ta'lim Assembly, Bogor Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a field study approach. The data collection technique using the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. The procedure of data analysis was carried out by descriptive analysis method. The results showed that several social media such as Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, and Websites were used as a means of preaching. The strategy is carried out through the stages of formulation, implementation, and evaluation. The stages of the strategy include determining the social media used, recognizing the characteristics of social media, the target of da'wah on social media, the topic of the da'wah material being delivered, creating content, utilizing the availability of social media features, and disturbing or uploading content so as to get feedback from various parties.
Keywords: Strategy, Social Media, Da'wah, Ta'lim Assembly.


The interaction between a uniform, cylindrical electron beam and a counterstreaming, guided, electromagnetic wave is studied by means of a perturbation theory of the empty-waveguide modes. This model considers a relativistic velocity spread in the beam. In order to preserve the mirror feature of the beam, a condition is imposed upon the perpendicular temperature of the beam. This originates from the consideration of the relativistic dynamics of the electrons in the beam frame. Moreover, considering the current limitation for an uncompensated beam, the above condition leads to a limiting value of the Doppler conversion factor for a given perpendicular temperature.


The Advanced Trajectory Modeling project is studying how new data exchange capabilities can improve the trajectory models used by ground and aircraft automation systems. More accurate models support both Performance Based Navigation (PBN) and Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) concepts. The project has identified various aircraft intent and state data elements available from aircraft and Flight Management Systems (FMS) that could be downlinked to ground automation systems. These data are extracted from onboard avionics systems, and downlinked to ground automation systems, using technologies that are rapidly being adopted. Once downloaded, the data are used in advanced trajectory models to support Trajectory Based Operations (TBO). We are implementing these aircraft-derived data elements and trajectory model improvements in an exploratory simulation study to assess the capability for different aircraft types with different equipment capabilities to provide the data, and for ground automation systems to make use of the data to improve trajectory model accuracy. Our approach, using actual systems, provides both an initial assessment of feasibility and anticipated performance benefits. This paper provides background on the project and describes project progress to date.


This special issue discusses the political, security, developmental and sociological dynamics associated with the building and consolidation of peace, with a particular focus on Timor-Leste. It seeks to highlight the visible dynamics associated with the processes of external intervention, and to unveil the invisible dynamics, such as local relations concerning the different dimensions of actuation that often escape the logic of official strategies and formal procedures.


Many attempts have been made by New Testament scholars to analyse the complex Pauline theology of baptism. Agreement is general concerning its Jewish origins, and the rite, as such, certainly imitates the baptism of proselytes. In addition, some of the doctrinal aspects of the Christian sacrament —the concepts of 'new birth', and 'new creation', as well as the obvious symbolism of purification—may well derive from its Jewish counterpart. Also, both rites were administered after preparation and instruction in the faith. Nevertheless, the most convincing parallel to the true significance of baptism is not the baptism of proselytes, but circumcision. Paul himself was conscious of this parallelism, and doubtless had the rite of circumcision in mind when attempting to elaborate his new doctrine. By circumcision the new-born child enters the Covenant and becomes a son of the Covenant. By baptism, the Christian, as a new-born creature, enters the Church, the Community of the New Covenant. Circumcision is the external sign of membership of the Covenant, the 'seal' of faith. So also is baptism. Circumcision of the flesh is the symbol of the circumcised heart, of inner purification. So also is baptism—a 'circumcision made without hands'. For Paul, however, baptism is more than a rite of purification and of entry into the Church. More precisely, it binds the Christian to the New Covenant, and purifies him from his sins, by causing him to participate in the sacrificial death of Christ through which the New Covenant was established. He is baptized into Christ's death, circumcised in the circumcision of Christ.' It would seem, at first sight, that this most profound significance of baptism was conceived by Paul independently of Jewish tradition, and that the relationship between the sacrifice of the Redemption and the sacrament of Christian initiation was determined by him through his own individual understanding of Christ's mystery. According to Professor Davies, his motive was the desire to emphasize the ethical impact of baptism. By relating baptism to the death and resurrection of Jesus, Paul made the Christian 'aware of the moral nature of the new life upon which he was entering'. This interpretation, though correct, does not appear completely adequate. It leads one to inquire whether, in the Jewish theology with which the Apostle


To address the open-circuit voltage (Voc) in intermediate-band solar cells, we investigated the current-voltage characteristics in wide-bandgap InGaP-based InP quantum dot (QD) solar cells. From the temperature dependence of the current-voltage curves, we show that the Voc in InP QD solar cells increases with decreasing temperature. We use a simple diode model to extract Voc at the zerotemperature limit, V0, and the temperature coefficient, C, of the solar cells. Our results show that while the C value in the InP QD solar cells is slightly larger than that in the reference InGaP solar cells, the V0 value is significantly reduced and coincides with the bandgap energy of the InP QDs rather than that of the InGaP host. This V0 value indicates that the Voc reduction in the InP QD solar cells is primarily caused by a breakdown of the Fermi-energy separation between the QDs and host InGaP solar cells.


Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States, 2 SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States, 3 School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 5 Institute of Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center With the CPC-M BioArchive, Helmholtz Center München, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HZ), Munich, Germany


Photometric and kinematic observations of the polar-ring galaxies NGC 4650A and ESO 415-G26 are presented. The inner component of each system is an S0 galaxy, as was previously found in the case of A0136-0801. A comparison of the circular velocity in the S0 component with the rotation velocity in the polar ring indicates that the halo of dark matter is nearly spherical; the mean value of V(Ring)/V(disk) for the three galaxies is 0.97 + or - 0.08. Estimates for the flattening of equipotentials in the galaxies are 0.86 + or - 0.21, 1.05 + or - 0.17, and 0.98 + or - 0.20. CCD images of both NGC 4650A and ESO 415-G26 show faint disordered nebulosity in the outer regions, suggestive of tidal debris. This provides further evidence that the polar rings in these systems resulted from second events which may have been mergers of two galaxies or near collisions with resultant mass transfers. 54 references.


Spacecraft and launch vehicle reliability is dominated by premature equipment failures and surprise equipment failures that increase risk and decrease safety, mission assurance and effectiveness. Large, complex aerospace systems such as aircraft, launch vehicle and satellites are first subjected to most exhaustive and comprehensive acceptance testing program used in any industry and yet suffer from the highest premature failure rates. Desired/required spacecraft equipment performance is confirmed during factory testing using telemetry, however equipment mission life requirement is not measured but calculated manually and so the equipment that will fail prematurely are not identified and replaced before use. Spacecraft equipment mission-life is not measured and confirmed before launch as performance is but calculated using stochastic equations from probability reliability analysis engineering standards such as MIL STD 217. The change in the engineering practices used to manufacture and test spacecraft necessary to identify the equipment that will fail prematurely include using a prognostic and health management (PHM) program. A PHM includes using predictive algorithms to convert equipment telemetry into a measurement of equipment remaining usable life. A PHM makes the generation, collection, storage and engineering and scientific analysis of equipment performance data "mission critical" rather than just nice-to-have engineering information.


For 120 specimens and fi gures of Fragilariforma, 10 Legendre coeffi cients were calculated as shape descriptors. For each half valve apically bisected, 50 x,y coordinates were used to calculate Legendre coeffi cients. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to ordinate the shape descriptors as a total shape gradient of valve forms. The fi rst four principal components explained 90.3 % of total shape varia- tion. Ten shape groups were circumscribed based on clustering in shape space, and designated taxonomic names were used as a guide. Multiple discriminant analysis cross-validated results from PCA in that no specimen misclassifi cations occurred. Along with historical taxonomic information, shape analysis was used as a tool in diagnosing taxon identifi cations and prescribing where additional investigation is still necessary. Taxonomic status of Fragilariforma constricta, F. constricta f. stricta, and F. lata was evaluated based on shape group results. Results from shape group analysis indicated Fragilariforma constricta/F. constricta f. stricta shape groups may encompass two different species groups. Fragilariforma lata shape groups also may comprise two different species groups. During the course of this study, it was found that the nomenclature of Fragilariforma hungarica var. tumida is questionable and in need of revision. Overall, shape analysis produced biologically meaningful results and was used as a diagnostic and prescriptive tool in combination with descriptive taxonomic history for taxa in Fragilariforma.


The mass of gas ions formed in a glow discharge and aged up to ${10}^{5}$ impacts was determined by a Dempster type of mass-spectrograph. In hydrogen it is found that the primary ion, ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{+}$, changes within a few thousand collisions to ${\mathrm{H}}_{3}^{+}$, together with small quantities of ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$. The nitrogen primary ions, ${\mathrm{N}}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}^{+}$, attach to neutral molecules in about ${10}^{5}$ impacts to form ${\mathrm{N}}_{3}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}_{4}^{+}$. In pure oxygen the ions consist almost entirely of ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{+}$ with small quantities of ${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$. Air ions include all possible nitrogen and oxygen ions, the aged air ions consisting principally of ${\mathrm{N}}_{3}^{+}$, ${\mathrm{N}}_{4}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{+}$ together with the oxides of nitrogen. Charges are transferred from ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{+}$ to NO, N${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$O. Water vapor is particularly active in acquiring a charge by transfer and ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ ions may be most numerous in apparatus not baked out. No heavier clusters than ${\mathrm{N}}_{4}^{+}$ were observed. No negative ions were observed. Some conclusions published in earlier work must be revised.


The advent of new technologies in the field of medicine and dentistry is creating improvements that lead clinicians to have materials and procedures able to improve patients' quality of life. The aim of this article is to evaluate occlusion load and its consequences on fixed implant-supported prosthesis. New materials have granted clinicians the possibility achieve great aesthetic results in dental prosthesis, and new procedures allow them to standardize and give precise and repeatable results, especially for the functional and long-term stability aspects of products. Some principles should be carefully evaluated and applied to every dental prosthesis; the evaluation of the forces and fitting of meso-structures to dental implants, an aspect that is often not well considered by clinicians, is the main focus of this article.


This paper focuses on the blind separation and the data recovery of multiple co-frequency linear modulation PCMA signals which are the important and touchy issue in uncooperative communications.A novel method based on the Turbo iterative Processing algorithm is proposed,which combines demodulation with decoding and can recover multiple source signals from a PCMA signal,and a corresponding model of receiving system for PCMA signals is also established in this paper.Based on the theoretical analysis and the mathematical derivation an algorithm for demapping of mixed signals is provided.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the new algorithm can directly recover all the source signals in a PCMA signal without the need of separating the mixed signals.The algorithm is of the advantage of low computational complexity and low BER for ISI AWGN channels being suitable for different modulation types and also for the situations of equivalent as well as non-equivalent power mixed signals.


User equipment (UE) location estimation using existing cellular and other wireless communications systems infrastructure is an up-to-date and in demand field of research and investigation for GNSS-denied environments. Most popular standard network positioning technologies are based on 3GPP LTE and 5G NR positioning reference signals (PRS) as primary measurement and hyperbolic location estimation with Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) as secondary processing technique. Current investigation is devoted to foreign state of the art overview in the field of LTE and NR localization system implementation based on Software-defined radio (SDR). The result of analysis is problem statement for own network positioning technology design with Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) hardware and Mathworks software.


The peculiarities of using Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) and solid-stave chase synthesis for production of high temperature superconductor materials were discussed. Oxide superconductors with general formula of (Re


Chlorfenapyr is a pesticide that is widely used to control herbivorous mites and insects. The commercial application of chlorfenapyr is focused on the control of urban pests (cockroaches, bed bugs and ants), but the toxicity of chlorfenapyr to domestic mites is poorly understood. Here, the toxic effect of chlorfenapyr to domestic mites was tested in an impregnated filter paper laboratory test. Chlorfenapyr, either as an analytic standard or commercial suspension concentrate (SC) formulation, was applied to the glass bottles with filter paper, and the mortality of the mites (Acarus siro, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae) was evaluated after 24 h of exposure. There were no significant differences in the toxicity to the mites between the SC and the analytical standard. The chlorfenapyr in both formulations was toxic to L. destructor and D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae. The LC95 ranged from 20 to 304 μg cm−2. Lower toxicity was observed with A. siro, and LC values were not estimated.


The present invention is a wireless LAN connection device and method of operation for determining whether or not access authorization of the mobile terminal when the wireless LAN connection is requested via a WiFi access device related to a wireless LAN access point and a wireless LAN connection method. Embodiment of the present invention is a wireless LAN access point and, SNS server and the mobile communication terminal that provides a social network service (SNS) for performing wireless network connection to the mobile communication terminal according to have a unique identity wireless data exchange protocol If a request to wireless LAN access the wireless LAN through the access point, according to the login success or failure to the mobile terminal user of the SNS server includes an authentication server that determines the WiFi access authorization.


. For the distance function from any closed subset of any smooth complete Finsler manifold, we prove that the singular set is equal to a countable union of Lipschitz hypersurfaces up to an exceptional set of codimension two. The result is new even in the standard Euclidean space.


In this paper we present a method for computer identification of various objects in a robot vision system. We describe methods of extracting objects from images and measuring properties of objects. The subjects covered include: . preprocessing ― in particular, object extraction, detection of edges, line approximation, . properties of extracted objects, . object identification


The present invention relates to a transmission rate control method, mobile communication system and a radio base station, the radio base station Node B, within the same cell, and transmits the plurality of E-AGCH, to a plurality of mobile stations UE each uplink independently even if it can control the transmission rate of user data, and the uplink user data transmission to a radio resource assignment to properly allocated. The transmission rate control method, a radio base station Node B are radio resources available in a given TTI by the number of transmittable E-AGCH in number or each cell in the step A with increasing allow the mobile station to select the increase permitted mobile station according to the present invention the radio resources assigned to the step B and the increase permitted mobile station, respectively the given mobile station a chance to send a transmission rate control channel (E-AGCH) from which equal parts, the radio resource equally divided by the radio resource distribution (13A) and a further step of C.


In the present paper the uniaxial cluster, such as Μι ι2 , is considered. For explanation of magnetization tunnelling in such a system, we propose to account for vibron excitations o[ Μnι2 cluster; the presence of vibron can reduce the symmetry of the system and create the second-order anisotropy in the basal plane, necessary for tunnelling. Using the fact that the vibron frequency is low in comp arison with magnetic moment precession rate, we calculated the rate of magnetization tunnelling within WKB-approximation using the instanton techniques. The exact analytic instanton solution was obtained for arbitrary values of the external field, uniaxi al and transversal anisotropy. We discuss also the mechanisms of quantum oscillations of the parameters of tunnelling. PACS numbers: 75.45.+j, 75.50.Τt


Third generation mobile systems are currently receiving a lot of attention in many parts of the world. They are intended to provide a wide range of services to a large number of users on a universal basis. As far as quality is concerned, the speech coders are one of the most important components of the future mobile systems and therefore a candidate coder is to fulfil some objectives of the future mobile systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution of speech coder characteristics and requirements from mobile applications point of view.


This paper discusses the reform practice and its effectiveness evaluation of community health management curriculum teaching system.A total of 190 public health management specialty students in 2006 grade-2008 grade were selected as subjects.Some methods,which include the curriculum framework based on the professional skill qualities,the new education mode of community experimentation by taking integration with teaching,experimentation and scientific research service,modern teaching means,were applied.The overall percentage of satisfaction on teaching effectiveness of community health management curriculum reform was 97.87%.The comprehensive community health service skills of medical students were obviously heightened.


In South Africa, transracial adoption could result in the loss of birth language for the adopted child. Language is an important part of racial and cultural identity in South Africa. Not being able to speak a local African language causes Black African transracial adoptees to be judged by outsiders. Lack of fluency in an appropriate language limits social circles associated with biological family and makes reunion more complex. Many transracial adoptive parents wish to facilitate the learning of a local language for their adopted children or the entire transracial adoptive family. However, despite their best intentions, most transracial adoptive families fail in this endeavor. Reasons for this and recommendations for practice are discussed.


Dietary fiber contributes significantly to the balancing of nutrient requirements in goats. Dietary fiber also plays a pivotal role in goat production throug...


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to bulkhead in cockpit. Divide wall for cockpit contains rigid and hard-mounted vertical panel and hinged element. Hinged element in extended position stands out from the mentioned panel, and in slid in place position the projecting part of hinged element is removed into the mentioned panel. The hinged element has upper edge over which swivel limiter is sliding. This limiter is intended for connecting luggage locker door with the hinged element. EFFECT: isolation of cockpit cabs form luggage compartment. 10 cl, 2 dwg


Unlike traditional chemotherapy (limited by the blood-brain barrier), the central nervous system penetrance of immunotherapy allows for synergy with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), the standard-of-care management of limited brain metastases. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is a novel technology allowing for simultaneous imaging quantification of multiple tissue properties. We present the first serial MRF results in concomitant SRS/immunotherapy for metastatic brain disease.

 A patient with known history of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) presented with a seizure. MRI revealed a solitary 1 cm right occipital metastasis, subsequently receiving SRS rather than whole-brain radiation therapy to optimize cognition preservation. Durvalumab (with carboplatin/etoposide) was given one week before SRS (22 Gy single-fraction). Pre-SRS MRF scans were obtained with the Gamma Knife stereotactic headframe in place. Post-SRS MRF scans were obtained at 1, 3, and 5 months. MRF data was processed and region of interest analysis was performed to measure T1 and T2 values within the lesion using MATLAB.

 The mean T1 and T2 values of the solid tumor (ST) in precontrast MRF maps decreased over time with a slight increase at final follow-up. Specifically, the T1 values decreased from 2131 ms (Pre-SRS) to 1018 ms, then 996 ms followed by a slight increase to 1296 ms. Similarly, the T2 values progressively decreased from 143 ms (Pre-SRS) to 45 ms (first follow-up) to 43 ms (3-month follow-up), with an increase (51 ms) at last follow-up.

 In this first report of MRF in concomitant immunotherapy/Gamma Knife SRS (and the first in a SCLC patient). MRF demonstrated serial drop in T1 and T2 over time followed by slight increase at 5 months follow-up. The alterations observed in T1 and T2 MRF are compatible with post-treatment effects in the tumor's tissue characteristics, including decreased cellularity, water content, and presence of paramagnetic substances.


Diabetes mellitus currently affects over 422 million people worldwide and is a seventh leading cause of death. Between 2013 and 2016 there were 75,480 cases of diabetes in Bahrain. Self-care interventions for health are among the most promising and exciting new approaches contributing to universal health coverage. Lack of diabetic self-care behaviors can lead to more complications of the disease and is an essential part of controlling diabetes. The greater the understanding of diabetes, the more the self-management among diabetic elderly in Bahrain. Our aim was to examine the different types and understanding of diabetic self- management in older people with diabetes from a range of socio-economic backgrounds. A cross-sectional study was carried out among the diabetics in a diabetic center (n= 43) and in the community (n=393) in Bahrain using a validated survey instrument. Majority were Bahrainis (n=248); males (n=241) and 316 had the family history of diabetes. Of the responses to diabetic understanding: physical examinations of foot and eye, testing for blood sugar, lack of consultation with the dietician were significant (p<0.005). Likewise, of the responses to diabetic understanding among the insulin takers: low blood sugar levels, taking a drink or a snack and increasing diabetic treatment were significant (p<0.005). Normally, the diabetics in Bahrain prefer to consult diabetic clinics or a GP. Majority of the participants were taking tablets to control diabetes than insulin alone or both tablets and insulin or diet, tablets and insulin (p< 0.005). Our study showed that the majority of the elderly with diabetes, regardless of socio-economic status, saw a medical professional, underwent some form of treatment and understood basic diabetes management.


ABSTRACT Breed differences in milk production and milk quality are related to differences in calf preweaning growth, differences in cow maintenance requirements, and differences in efficiency of production. Cows from Brangus dams and sired by 12 Bonsmara, 12 Brangus, 15 Charolais, 18 Gelbvieh, 13 Hereford, and 13 Romosinuano sires were sampled in 2005 (n = 45), 2006 (n = 50), 2007 (n = 53), and 2008 (n = 50) to evaluate sire breed differences in milk yield and quality. There was little evidence of daily milk yield differences among cows sired by Bonsmara, Brangus, Charolais, Gelbvieh, or Hereford sires, but Romosinuano-sired cows produced less milk (P


Metallic Matrix CompositesMetal Matrix CompositesFabrication of Continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites Using an Acoustic TechniqueHigh Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites 8metal matrix compositesComposite Materials Engineering, Volume 2Aluminum Oxide and Titanium Diboride Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite and Its Mechanical PropertiesDeformation and Forging Limits for a Particulate-reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositeDegradation Mechanisms in Aluminum Matrix Composites, Alumina/aluminum and Boron/aluminumReport of the Research Group for Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites, Light Metal Education FoundationThe Processing and Mechanical Properties of High Temperature/High Performance Composites. Book 3. Constituent Properties and Macroscopic Performance: MMCsTransient Liquid Phase Joining of Silicon Carbide Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites with Gallium InterlayersFracture Toughness of Particulatereinforced Aluminum-matrix CompositesMetal Matrix CompositesSynthesis of TiC Particulate-reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositesProcessing and Properties of Cast Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced with Discontinuous Aluminum Oxide FibersThe Processing and Characterization of Sintered Metal Reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositesMechanical Behavior of a Continuous Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite Subjected to Transverse and Thermal LoadingSynthesis and Characterization of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced with Various Sizes of TiCMechanical Properties of Boron Carbide Particle Reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositesIntermetallic Matrix CompositesEffect of Weight Percentage of Silicon Carbide (SiC) Reinforcement Particles on Mechanical Behavior of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite (Al MMC)Report of the Research Group for Fiber-reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositesMechanical Behavior of a P/M Aluminum Matrix Composite Reinforced with Carbon Fiber WeavesFiber-reinforced Metal-matrix Composites--1967Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced with Alumina NanoparticlesCarbon Fibre Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites a Critical ReviewSqueeze Casting as Alternative Fabrication Process for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminium Matrix CompositesComparison of Some Micromechanics Models for Discontinuously Reinforced Metal Matrix CompositesMechanics of Composite, Hybrid and Multifunctional Materials, Volume 5metal matrix composites reinforced with aluminum-oxide particlesMetal Matrix CompositesReport of the Research Group for Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix CompositesA New Fabrication Method of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Metal Matrix CompositesTribology for Scientists and EngineersFabrication and Properties of Particulate Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites by Spontaneous InfiltrationA Brief Review of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced by Silicon Carbide WhiskersPart I. Corrosion Studies of Continuous Alumina Fiber Reinforced Aluminum-matrix CompositesAluminum and Magnesium Metal Matrix NanocompositesDamage Tolerance in Discontinuous SiC Whisker Reinforced 2124 Aluminum Matrix Composites This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Metal Matrix Composites" that was published in MetalsThe transverse properties of an aluminum alloy metal matrix composite reinforced by continuous alumina fibers were investigated. The composite is subjected to both mechanical and cyclic thermal loading. The results of an experimental program indicate that the shakedown concept of structural mechanics provides a means of describing the material behavior. When the loading conditions are within the shakedown region, the material finally responds in an elastic manner after initial plastic response, and for loading conditions outside the shakedown region, the material exhibits a rapid incremental plastic strain accumulation. The failure strain varies by an order of magnitude according to the operating conditions. Hence, for high mechanical and low thermal loading, the failure strains is small; for low mechanical and high thermal loading, the failure strain is large. Jansson, S. and Leckie, F. A. Unspecified Center NAG3-894; RTOP 510-01-50This study is on the production and testing of an aluminum metal matrix composite. Metal Matrix Composites can be produced in several different ways. In this study, an aluminum matrix composite is produced by direct addition of the reinforcement ceramic into the liquid metal. The ceramic reinforcement for this process was a mixture of TiB2 and Al2O3 which was produced by means of a thermite reaction of reactants Al, B2O3 and TiO2 all in powder form with


Limitation to jurisdiction of International Criminal Court (ICC) - proposal to strengthen the universal criminalisation of transnational organised crimes by enabling them to be prosecuted through an international authority - debate on whether existing offences under the ICC Statute encompass certain transnational organised crimes - whether the Statute should be expanded to include crimes that have been recognised in international treaties.


The aim of this thesis is to examine the poetical effects and the phase of dramatic expressions by a study of the structure of discourse of Kim so-wol's poems which contain multilayered and complicated tone. For the aim of this thesis, I will analyze an phase of changes that occur in a unit poem between speaker and hearer. As a result of study, his poems produce multilayered tone by frequent changes of speaker and hearer, although in a unit poem, and occasionally introduce dramatic speaking style which is that the fictitious-plural characters say to each other. It is evaluated that Kim so-wars poems accomplish the poetical effects which give the variety in spreading out of poetic sensibility and entrust his subjective emotion to characters in his poems or describe objectively by the changes of pluralistic discourse structure and tone. Kim So-Wol's poems show methodological directivity of his literal works in creating poems that is to obtain dramatic tension overcoming fixed romantic forms which are the soliloquy of unitary self.
Through this study, the characteristic of Kim So-Wol' poems inform us that he had an independent aptitude against romantic style in those days and realized the process of formalization and style of an art. In the 1920's, it was a transition period when Korean modernstyle poetry didn't get out of confusion of a poetical manner yet. At that time, the sentimentalism of poetical consciousness and a diffuse style reflected those time's limits very well. Nowadays, it is important facts in an aspect of realizing methodology of the modem poetry that he showed multilayered discourse structure and the phase of dramatic expressions in his poems.


This paper gives details of microwave firing experiments carried out with a large 17.6kW 2450 MH z microwave kiln on a range of ceramic materials. The design of the large kiln is discussed, together with results of large batches of ceramic products. The design of successful heating experiments in terms of thermal insulation and microwave susceptors is discussed in relationship to the dielectric properties of the material to be fired. Results are given of the fired properties from batches of products fired in the kiln, and the uniformity of the fired properties of large batches is discussed.


A closed-form solution to the heat conduction equation was derived which treats all pertinent details of detector construction. This solution is used to calculate the recovery of the detector voltage following the laser pulse using measured values of the detector resistance as a function of temperature. The thermal conductances of the two bonding layers can be determined empirically by fitting the model to the experimental thermal recovery data.


This essay suggests concrete ways in which the UN Ambassador-designate John Bolton can help reshape the UN to promote President Bush's worthy goal of greater freedom and democracy around the world. Although freedom appears to be on the march in the middle East and elsewhere, the UN Security Council is too conflicted to help, as it suffers from a ban on discussing internal affairs of any country. A reform of the UN proposed here consists of creating a new body of free secular democracies called Secular Democratic Council (SDC), with a mandate to discuss and act on the domestic internal affairs of any country. Since Mr. Bolton has long expressed a desire to help solve the Taiwan problem, I explain how the SDC, not the Security Council can help there.


Abstract We present new and synthesize published results from long-term field studies exploring management options for carbon sequestration in cropland and grassland. Agricultural practices were evaluated within the framework set by global food demand and limited area available for agricultural production. Among options for higher C sequestration, we found minimizing the time with bare soil, improving recycling of organic materials and increasing yields through N fertilization to be efficient. Indeed, our results suggest that C stocks can increase with 1–2 kg C for each kg of mineral N fertilizer applied. Possibilities to decrease C emissions by reduced tillage were found to be limited under Nordic conditions. Options for reducing C emissions from drained cultivated organic soils are limited when used as cropland. Extensive production leads to lower soil C stocks and requires more land. Increasing photosynthesis at the global scale by intensification of crop production was found to be the most effective mitigation option and is a prerequisite for preventing further areal expansion of agriculture.


Through analysis of the discourse of the press during the period of independence, mainly published in Lima, this article will show how it was possible to extirpate Hispanic liberalism from Peruvian political culture. It will be argued that the second period of Spanish constitutionalism known as the Liberal Triennium was easy for newspapers to represent not only as a period of intolerance of Latin American independence but as a plebeian government ready to bring down enlightened nobility and religion, and a system in which servile absolutists and both moderate and extremist liberals shared with Ferdinand VII a congenitally despotic form of conduct. The article is divided into three sections corresponding to the period of the Protectorate, the establishment of the Congreso Constituyente and the dictatorship of Simon Bolivar.


Experiments on computer simulation of the behavior of polar nematic phenylpropargyl ethers of parachlorophyllens on the surface of graphene nanoribbon made it possible to reveal a number of regularities. The dynamics of moleculesis studied when the dimensions of graphene change under the action of an electric field and temperature. As a research method, the method of molecular dynamics was used in the approximation of a liquid state of aggregation. The simulation was carried out in the atomistic approach. It was shown that the graphene nanoribbon and electric filed defines the self-assembly of the nematic liquid crystals molecules in the biaxial state. These states appear at the variation of the graphene nanoribbon ratio of width to length. It was found that in the clearing area the ordering of the parachlorophyllens starts to grow when the value of the ratio of width to length is 3: 1.


More than any other period in American reform history, the Progressive Era eludes interpretation. It seems marked by widespread concern for social justice and by extraordinary elitism, by democratization and by increasing social control. The challenge posed to historians is to understand how Progressivism could simultaneously represent gains for the masses and more power for the classes. The traditional way to approach the period has been to study the discrete social programs reformers so energetically pushed in those years, from the abolition of child labor to the Americanization of the immigrants. Recently, historians' emphasis has shifted to politics, where it will probably remain for a time. Historians have begun to recognize that the rules of political life, the nature of American "democracy," were fundamentally reformulated beginning in the Progressive Era, and that such political change shaped the ultimate impact of particular social reforms. Where were women in all this? The new focus on politics requires a reinterpretation of women's role in Progressivism. As the field of women's history has grown, the importance of women in the Progressive Era has gained notice, but there remains a tendency to concentrate on their roles with respect to social reform. Modern scholarship on the Progressive Era thus retains a separate spheres flavor; women are concerned with social and moral issues, but the world of politics is male. Nowhere is this clearer than in the tendency to minimize, even to omit, the woman suffrage movement from the general literature on the Progressive Era.1


To evaluate the value of the real‐time PCR–based multicolor melting curve analysis (MMCA) with an automatic analysis system used in a mass thalassemia screening and prenatal diagnosis program.


are made up of a single carbon chain locked into a ladderlike structure with a length of 3 nm. The striking regularity with which the oxygen atoms bridge the polycyclic framework is a remarkable feature of these molecules. The cyclic ethers, with sizes ranging from fiveto nine-membered rings, all fuse in a trans/syn/trans fashion. Ciguatoxins (1, Scheme 1) and brevetoxins (2 and 3) have attracted intense interest from biologists and chemists alike because of their potent neurotoxicity and their association with the catastrophic effects of food poisoning and redtide phenomena. Ciguatoxins were identified as the principle toxins in the widespread seafood poisoning known as ciguatera. The toxins generated by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus are transferred through the aquatic food chain, and ingestion of ciguateric fish by humans leads to neurological, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular disorders. On the other hand, brevetoxins are potent ichthyotoxins, and have been isolated from the dinoflagellate Karenia breve. Red tides, which are caused by blooms of Karenia breve, have killed great numbers of fish and caused intoxication in humans. These toxins exert their toxicity by binding to the voltagesensitive sodium channels (VSSC) of excitable membranes, causing them to open, and thereby allowing influx of sodium ions. The specific binding site shared by ciguatoxins and brevetoxins was designated as site 5. Interestingly, more structurally complex ciguatoxins are known to possess both a higher binding affinity to site 5 and more potent toxicities than brevetoxins. The extremely limited supply of ciguatoxins from the natural sources has prevented studies on structure– activity relationships (SARs), which would help in understanding the structural requirements necessary for this highly specific ligand–receptor interaction. Thus, a synthetic supply of ciguatoxins is urgently needed. Recently, we achieved the first total synthesis of three members of the ciguatoxin family, namely CTX1B, CTX3C, and 51-hydroxyCTX3C (1), based on a unified synthetic strategy. These routes allowed us to prepare new fully synthetic analogues of ciguatoxins for detailed SAR studies. Here we report the total synthesis and biological evaluation of F-ring-modified analogues of 1. Scheme 2 illustrates the last stage of our total synthesis of 51-hydroxyCTX3C (1), one of the most toxic congeners of the ciguatoxins. The comparably complex left ABCDE and right HIJKLM wings were coupled through O,S-acetal formation. The FG ring was then constructed in a stepwise manner: radical cyclization of 5 generated the seven-membered G ring of 6, and ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM) built the nine-membered F ring (7!8). Final removal of the 2-naphthylmethyl (NAP) groups from 8 afforded 1. This synthetic scheme offered a unique opporScheme 1. Structures of ciguatoxin 51-hydroxyCTX3C and brevetoxins.


It is shown that the ternary Virasoro-Witt algebra of Curtright, Fairlie and Zachos can be constructed by applying the Nambu commutator to the vect(1) realization on scalar densities. This construction is generalized to vect(d), but the corresponding 3-algebra fails to close.


The given work deals with the model of stability of a human body as a multilink pivotal pattern with concentrated masses in the phase standing on a skid foot. The moments in joints, providing static posture of a human body, are modeled by the springs of a certain deflection rate. The zones of deflection rate of the springs, necessary for balance maintenance, are defined in the work. A possibility of practical realization of the appliance in the form of exoskeleton with a person inside and its vertical balance maintenance is considered hereinafter. A generalization of the obtained for the case of a bio-mechanical system consists of a random finite number of links. To construct the solution let us first record the potential energy of the system. Then it is expanded into Maclaurin series. After that, the notations, which suitably represent the potential energy for the application of the criterion of Sylvester are introduced. The solution of inequalities is done numerically. The graphs are constructed for a visual representation of the obtained solutions. It was stated that the spring stiffness zones necessary for maintaining vertical posture a man in exoskeleton are large. Minimum required stiffness notations are of the main practical interest, since only these values can be sufficient while creating an exoskeleton enough these values. They can be determined graphically. These are the lower bound areas of the graphs. This model can be applied to create anthropomorphic robots while resolving a question of their static posture balance and the necessary structural elements. In practice, exoskeletons can be used in military technologies, medicine, gerontology, sports, industry, in everyday life, etc. wherever it is necessary to offload or enforce a natural human skeleton. Therefore, this work can be considered relevant for practical realization of human-machine system as well. Keywords-Balance; Exoskeleton; Stability; Joints; Deflection Rate Of Springs; Single-support Phase; Statics


-Abstract-Hamartoma of the hypothalamic area is a well-recognized cause of central precocious puber ty. We report a case of histologically proven hypothalamic hamartoma in a 8-year-old girl with precocious puberty. The CT showed an isodense , nonenhancing mass in suprasellar area , measuring 4.2X3.1cm , which , to our knowledge , seems to be the largest one of the published cases. On MR lmaging , the signal intensity of the mass was homogeneous and isointense relative to gray matter on Tl- , and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. T he clinical and radiologic findings of the published cases of hypothalamic hamartoma are reviewed


The opportunity to remake U.S. foreign and military policy—and indeed the entire international system—has never been better, partly because of groundwork done by the strong peace movements in the United States and Western Europe during the 1980s. Just when the chances and challenges for peace activism in the United States are the greatest, however, the peace movement approaches a historic low point in its strength and visibility. Just when the mass public and even policymakers may be ready to listen to the arguments peace activists have been making for the last four decades, those activists are having an increasingly difficult time formulating policy, agreeing with each other, and, perhaps most significant, winning mainstream public attention. This paradox, the virtual absence of peace activists from both the circles of policymaking and the front pages at the time when they would be most likely to have influence, is a riddle that sits at the center of effective activist politics. More than that, at a time...


The environmental conditions of the Arctic are vulnerable to the effects of climate change. We focus on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YaNAO). The objective of this study is to project mid-21st century climate-driven changes in the state of climate and the natural environment in the YaNAO. For this purpose, the CMIP6 data models with the climate change scenario SSP5-8.5 were used. Climate change directly affects the statistics of extreme events and climatically driven phenomena, such as frosts and thaws, as well as avalanches and slush flows. Climate change causes changes in the Arctic environment, primarily due to permafrost degradation, leading to important modifications in events such as mudflows, cryogenic landslides, abrasion, erosion, suffusion, frost heave, solifluction, thermokarst, and others. In some cases, the intensity and area of these processes increase, such as heaving processes and thermokarst becoming more active by 2050. In other cases, the solifluction processes decrease in the south part of the YaNAO due to the discontinuous or sporadic permafrost distribution. Projected climatic changes will inevitably lead to the restructuring of the geosystems in YaNAO, creating risks for infrastructure in economically active territories.


Seam type belongs to one of the most basic and independent factor for electromagnetic shielding clothing sewing, which is the main cause of the leakage of electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the seam type design becomes the key to the design of high electromagnetic shielding clothing. Wave absorbing sponge has good wave absorbing property. But there is no relative research on applying wave absorbing sponge to electromagnetic shielding clothing. This study chose hem seam type and double top-stitched seam type. In these 2 seam types, the wave absorbing sponge was added in different ways. This study used 3-m anechoic chamber method to test samples. The influence of different seam types on shielding effectiveness for electromagnetic shielding fabric was discussed. The sleeves of electromagnetic shielding clothing were taken as an example to evaluate their application for further study. The results exhibited that the shielding effectiveness of seam types have obvious improvement after adding wave absorbing sponge. With the different seam types, the shielding effectiveness of seam types also change. The shielding effectiveness of double top-stitched seam type is higher than that of hem seam type in totally. The seam type is with wave absorbing sponge, whose shielding effectiveness is higher than that without wave absorbing sponge. Choosing hem seam type and adding wave absorbing sponge are applied to the sleeve of electromagnetic shielding clothing. The shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding clothing is improved. The research provides a basis for the design, production and evaluation of high performance electromagnetic shielding clothing.


With the increasing number of multifocal and accommodative intraocular lens (IOL) implantations being carried out, cataract surgery is fast becoming another form of refractive surgery.


Product architecture and organizational communication play significant roles in complex product development efforts. By using networks to characterize both product structure and communication patterns, we examine the impact of mismatches between these on new product development (NPD) performance. Specifically, we study the vehicle development process of a major auto company and use vehicle quality (warranty repairs) as our NPD performance metric. Our empirical results indicate that centrality in a product architecture network is related to quality according to an inverted-U relationship, which suggests that vehicle subsystems of intermediate complexity exhibit abnormally high levels of quality problems. To identify specific subsystems in danger of excessive quality problems, we characterize mismatches between product architecture and organizational structure by defining a new metric, called coordination deficit, and show that it is positively associated with quality problems. These results deepen our understanding of the impact of organizational structure and product architecture on the NPD process and provide tools with which managers can diagnose and improve their NPD systems.


The ontology of human rights forms new features in today's globalized world. Civilizational advancement has modified the interpretation of both fundamental ontological legal concepts in general and human rights in particular. The scientific exploration aims to correlate the gnoseological and axiological aspects with the ontological manifestations of human rights in the modern sociocultural space. The objectives of the study are to determine the essential components of human rights and their interconnection with global processes. The methodological arsenal for achieving the goal of work is general scientific methods (analysis, systematization) and scientific and practical methods of legal regulation (imperative and dispositive). The problem of human rights in the dichotomous section of ontological legal concepts remains a debatable issue. The essence of the right acts as a fundamental dimension in the analysis of human dimension legal aspects. Thus, the ontology of human rights has been repositioned in the modern worldview paradigm and aligns its principles with the trends of globalization. Under the influence of modern socio-cultural factors, the nature of human rights is undergoing significant transformations, not only in the value dimension but also in the existential and semantic dimension. Prospects for further research should be considered new interpretations of ontological legal concepts - legist, natural law, and libertarian - and the development on their basis of a synergistic ontological model of human rights.


A total of 1082 specimens of Hemiptera were collected during a one-year survey of avocado trees. More than 20 species were identified. Species encountered in the survey that are known to damage avocado fruit included Pseudotheraptus wayl, Nezara spp., Bathycoelia spp. and Coenomorpha nervosa. Ate/ocera raptoria, which represented 30.5 % of the specimens collected, feeds on the bark of branches and twigs and probably also on the fruit and may be a facultative predator. Hemipteran species that have not been encountered before on avocado trees are Decipha viridis, Parapioxysjuncundus, Parathiscla sp. nr. truncata and Homoeocerussp. nr. e/ongalus.


This thesis is mainly based on the statistics of the physical test on 2011~2012 session of freshman from Tianjin universities,using the mathematical statistics and the comparative analysis to bring forward some targeted suggestions and advices to the existing problems focused on physical health of senior school student in every district of Tianjin.Meanwhile,this thesis provides primitive statistical data of the physical test for every competent department of education to support them to learn the basic situation of physical health of senior school students and enriches the references to implement National Student Physical Health Standard promulgated by Ministry of Education and General Administration of Sport.


This paper presents a comparative study of wind and earthquake loads to decide the design loads of a multistoried building. The significant of this work is to estimate the design loads of a structure which is subjected to wind and earthquake loads in a particular region. It is well known fact that the earthquake loads may be estimated in particular zone with a specified zone factor. Then the wind load of that zone can also be estimated based on the basic wind speed and other factors of that particular region. However, the wind velocity is stochastic and time dependent. In the present study a multistoried building is analyzed for earthquake loads in various zones based on IS 1893 and for wind loads IS 875 code is used. The wind loads are estimated based on the design wind speed of that zone with a variation of 20%. The wind loads so obtained on the building have been compared with that of earthquake loads. Finally it is found the wind loads are more critical than the earthquake loads in most of the cases.


Elevated uptake of the [18F]AV‐1451 tau‐PET ligand has been observed cross‐sectionally in subjects with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). However, it is unknown how the ligand performs longitudinally in PSP. We aimed to determine how regional measures of change on [18F]AV‐1451 PET perform as longitudinal biomarkers of PSP compared with the more established biomarker of rate of midbrain atrophy.


The thoughts on the all-round development of man remain an important part of Marxism. Essentially, it is a whole development of man's nature, a continuously improving and perfecting process of history. Socialism provides the requirement for man's all-round development, propelling the integrated development of man the essential demands of socialism and the supreme objective for social development.


This paper offers a method for analysis of conflict situations when utility of agents is replaced by rules of decision making. This approach simplifies review of a conflict situation, though it imposes significant restrictions to conflict conditions. A conflict shall be presented as separate transitions and Boolean readiness of agents to perform those transitions. These restrictions can be seen when a model is formulated. This approach appeared in modeling of conflict situations in security systems and it corresponds to analysis of intruder-defender systems the most. Models provided in the present paper enable to calculate an object's readiness to take active actions depending on the condition of its awareness structure. Awareness structure includes the view on indicators of readiness to take active actions by other participants of a conflict and their view on the indicators of the others. A notion of a system researcher is introduced based on the model. The system researcher creates its own awareness structure upon researching structures of the other participants. Conditions for a researching task for two awareness structure researchers which analyze structures of each other are provided herein and it is ascertained which of the participants and in which case is able to solve the task. The paper provides examples of applying mathematical models in real life situations.


In this article the propagation loss in mobile cellular systems in semi-confined environment using parabolic equations is studied. The proposed model uses approximations for small and large angles of propagation, with the paraxial direction and its results are validated through a campaign of measurement and the ray tracing model. The semi-confined environment is represented by a street with large trees and shaped by a set of rectangles (representing the buildings) and a set of dielectric cylinders (representing the trunks of trees). In the campaign of measurements was used the frequency of 890 MHz The results compared with the experimental results and by ray tracing model showed good agreement, with a less computational effort.


Velocities of reactive and non-reactive flows, where NO2 molecules were seeded, were measured by a NO-based Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) method. NO2 dilute gases were injected from a round tube with an inner diameter of 2 cm and its flow rate was 10 liters/minute or 20 liters/minute. Experiments were performed for 4 conditions—non-reactive flows of NO2 dilute gases at two flow rates, an unburnt gas flow of the premixed flame with NO2 addition, and an unburnt gas flow of the diffusion flame with NO2 addition. NO molecules were produced in flows by planar emissions of 355 nm laser rays from an Nd:YAG laser system, and NO-LIF images were taken in a pre-determined delay. An ICCD camera, a dye laser excited by an excimer laser, and Nd:YAG laser were strictly synchronized by a pulse generator. NO-LIF signals, which were emitted by photochemically produced NO from NO2, were strong enough to measure the NO displacements in the case of non-reactive flows, while with only a few ppm concentrations of NO2 added it was possible to measure the velocity in detail. Although fluctuations of NO trajectories were observed at the flow rate of 20 liters/minute, instantaneous velocities were measured accurately. In the case of the unburnt gas of the diffusion flame, NO-LIF signals were also strong, and profiles of NO produced by NO2 photodissociation were clearly measured. Profiles of NO produced by NO2 photodissociation in the unburnt gas of the premixed flame were also clearly measured, even in the vicinity of the reaction zone. It can be seen that velocities were measured correctly in the unburnt regions of the premixed and the diffusion flames. With this method, it was possible to measure velocities of both steady and unsteady flows. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 34(1): 40–52, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20038


Italian vet Maria Flaminia Persichetti combined her PhD studies of vectorborne infections in cats with a job in clinical practice. Her research recently won her a young scientist award from the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases.


This incisive guide provides a much needed summary of the complex issues surrounding film censorship and controversy. It offers practical suggestions for teaching the determining factors in, and ideological importance of, censorship and classification. Also included are proposed strategies for discussing "problem films," analyzing texts, and debating the nature of effects. Contents include: The historical context for censorship and classification The discourses and ideologies that inform and produce controversy The arguments for and against censorship Concepts of audiences and effects Textual meanings Audience research and analysis of data Contemporary academic and official perspectives on censorship and classification


Today the production and utilization of natural enzymes in processing foods, beverages, textiles, paper, pharmaceuticals, etc., has become a multimillion-dollar industry [1,2]. With the rapidly increasing knowledge of the structures and mode of action of natural enzymes, it should be possible to synthesize relatively simple molecules which would incorporate all the functional features of the natural enzyme, which would possess a catalytic efficiency equivalent to or greater than the natural enzyme, and which would remain stable over a wide range of working conditions. By linking such simple "enzyme units" into an insoluble polymeric framework, additional advantages could be realized, such as activation of the catalysis, avoidance of contamination of the substrate solution by the synthetic enzyme system, and ready filtration of the polymeric system from the solution on completion of reaction.


cDNA clones encoding two receptor proteins involved in the binding of human interleukin 5 (hIL5) have been isolated. A first class codes for an IL5-specific chain (hIL5R alpha). The major transcript of this receptor gene, as analyzed in both HL-60 eosinophilic cells and eosinophilic myelocytes grown from cord blood, encodes a secreted form of this receptor. This soluble hIL5R alpha has antagonistic properties. A second component of the hIL5R is found to be identical to the beta chain of the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) high affinity receptor. The finding that IL5 and GM-CSF share a receptor subunit provides a molecular basis for the observation that these cytokines can partially interfere with each other's binding and have highly overlapping biological activities on eosinophils.


The traditional K-means algorithm is sensitive to the initial points and easy to fall into local optimum. To avoid this kind of flaw, an improved GA-based text clustering algorithm CGHCM is proposed. The new algorithm is proven effective to avoid falling into local optimum and obtains better clustering results.


A significant goal in the application of nanoscience to medicine is to develop novel biomimetic systems that can be used to model biological responses at the molecular level. It is only through understanding disease at this level that rational molecular therapeutic advances can be made. Since a large fraction of a cell's response to its environment begins with the binding of a ligand to a membrane protein receptor, an objective of this research is to develop technology essential in examining model systems at the nanometer scale. This is especially true for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The challenge of such assays is establishing a fast and reliable technology that can monitor the desired binding events potentially in a sea of background biochemistry. For traditional assays, large backgrounds arising from high levels of autofluorescence from the sample result in high instances of false positive tests. Additionally, many fluorescence assays report on secondary effects of ligand receptor interaction, such as increases in intracellular signalling molecules, rather than direct ligand binding.


Dynamics of basic elements of nonlinearly elastic structures - rods, plates and shells - is studied. We consider the problems of bulk nonlinear elastic wave (strain solitons) generation and observation in these elements in order to show how the waves can be used in various applications, in non-destructive evaluation etc.


Adenomyoma of small intestine causing intussusception in adults is a rare condition. The small intestine is the second most frequent location, usually in the periampullary area, but the lesion also occurs in the jejunum and ileum.We present a case of 76 years old female who presented with pain abdomen and was diagnosed to have jejunal intussusception. She underwent surgery with segmental resection and anastomosis of jejunum and the histopathological examination revealed jejunal adenomyoma as the pathological lead point. Adenomyoma of jejunum as a lead point should be taken into consideration while dealing with a patient with jejunal intussusception.


Weizhou Island is far from mainland,however,the occurrence of red tides is the most in Guangxi offshore.Survey data showed that the water grade was the second according to the content of nitrogen,while the content of phosphorus was frequently excessive.There were high concentration nitrogen and phosphorus water sources in the southeast of Weizhou Island.Apparently,Qiongzhou Strait was an important delivery channel.This paper analyzed the trajectories of long term drift bottles and then calculated the numerical results.It concluded that the water mass of westward current in Qiongzhou Strait came mainly from the Pearl River Estuary and the western coast of Guangdong Province,which may be the source of high concentration nitrogen and phosphorus water in the Weizhou Island.


When a device searches a network, there is a case where the device is recognized as different devices as one searched by a protocol A and the other searched by a protocol B. In a proxy server 9300 for executing a protocol converting process in a network system, whether or not another protocol converting apparatus for executing a predetermined protocol converting process does not exist on the network is searched. When another protocol converting apparatus is searched on the network, whether or not the searched protocol converting apparatus has executed the protocol converting process is discriminated.


Sociologists have had some interest inthe phenomenon of change in the roles of American women, change in American family structure, and in the "revolution" in sexual behavior. Not too much attention, however, has been focused on the relationship that these phenomena bear to one another. An attempt will be made here to examine the relationship and to articulate a partial explanation on the basis of the proposition that the crucial variable common to all three is their necessary reciprocity with change in female sex behavior. More simply, the sexual revolution and changes in family roles have centered around change in sexual behavior of the female. The fact that current feminist goals reject the sexual double standard holds promise of further freedom for women in that role. Possible consequences of such an occurence for socializing of the young, for the young adult population, and for the present parent generation are suggested in this paper.


Objective: To investigate injuries of the cochlear nucleas after the reperfusion of basilar artery ischemia. Methods: Seventy two healthy guinea pigs were randomly assigned into the normal control group, the sham operation group, the ischemia group (30 min) and 3 reperfusion groups( 1,6,24 h). The morphology of cochlear nucleus were observed, and the expression of bcl-2 and bax in cochlear nucleus were detected. Results: The prolonged latencies and gradual elevation of the thresholds were clearly seen in reperfusion groups. Lesions were detected in the cochlear nucleus. The bcl-2 and bax had positive expression in normal neurons of cochlear nucleus. DNA-AP and the expression of bax increased and the expression of bcl-2 decreased in the ischemic and reperfusion groups (P0.05). Conclusion: BAIRI can cause the lesions and apoptosis of cochlear nucleus, which are more severe in reperfusion injury. The bcl-2 and bax gene may take part in the cochlear nucleus injury and apoptosis.


A method for obtaining 10-deacetylbaccatin III from various parts of yew (Taxus sp.) By extraction with a suitable organic solvent from the aqueous solution obtained after water treatment of the appropriate part yew and selective crystallization of 10-deacetylbaccatin III.


Image enhancement is the basis for target detection and identification.In order to detect infrared target well,we propose an improved algorithm by using ridgelet transform which is a kind of multi-scale geometric analysis tool and is especially suitable for describing the 2-D signals.Firstly coefficient transform principle of ridgelet transform is introduced.Then adaptive enhancement algorithm is proposed.Tensile scale and compressing scale of coefficient in ridgelet transform domain are the key points of the method.Statistics is used in processing of transform to format characteristic data for consistent match,and the algorithm is assessed with sign-test method.The algorithm improves the target′s detail characteristics.Finally images are reconstructed and compared with those processed with other traditional methods.Our enhancement method is proven effective by experimental results.


Aim To analyze volatile components from various Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.Methods The volatile components were separated and identified by head space solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and their relative contents were determined by normalization of the area.Results 83 compounds from eleven kinds of Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat were identified by SPME-GC-MS.Conclusion SPME is simple and user-friendly,and can report accurately volatile components of Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.There are significant differences in the volatile composition and content of eleven kinds of Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.


Light emission from cathodically polarized Pt electrodes was investigated at cell voltages up to 200 V in aqueous electrolyte solutions. The emission of light was observed when intense cathodic polarization caused the temperature of the Pt electrodes to exceed the boiling temperature of the electrolyte. A thin vapor layer was formed at the metal‐electrolyte interface in which a high electric field ionized vapor molecules to generate a plasma state. The emission of light was caused by the glow discharge at relatively low cell voltages and by the spark discharge at high cell voltages. The spectra of the emitted light were assigned to the constituents of the electrolyte solution, electrode material, and gaseous hydrogen evolved at the electrode. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.


The bilateral ENREN (Argentina National Nuclear Regulatory Board)-DOE Safeguards Agreement was signed by Dr. Dan Beninson, ENREN, and Dr. Kenneth Baker, DOE, at the Peaceful Uses Conference in Bariloche in 1994. Two major activities identified for immediate cooperation were: nondestructive assay (NDA) techniques for Pilcaniyeu, and advanced containment and surveillance at Embalse. Both of these are discussed here. While the activities of the past year and a half are significant, many more opportunities remain for valuable cooperative partnering to discover more effective and efficient ways to apply safeguards. Several that have been identified by ENREN and DOE for 1996 are: (1) environmental monitoring as a safeguards technique; (2) Pilcaniyeu measurement studies and joint IAEA support program activities; (3) information management and analysis tools; (4) safeguards analytical laboratory support; (5) study of the safeguards approach for Embalse; (6) expansion of the remote monitoring system at Embalse; (7) use of ground-penetrating radar technology at Embalse; and (8) computerized material control and accounting tools for Pilcaniyeu.


The superposition principle forms the most fundamental kinematical element of quantum theory. Its universality seems to have first been postulated by Dirac as part of the definition of his "ket-vectors", which he proposed as a complete and general concept to characterize quantum states regardless of any "basis of representation". They were later recognized by von Neumann as forming an abstract Hilbert space. The inner product (also needed to define a Hilbert space, and formally indicated by the distinction between "bra" and "ket" vectors) is not required as part of the kinematics of quantum states, but only for their probability interpretation (applicable in measurements). The third Hilbert space axiom (closure with respect to Cauchy series) is merely mathematically convenient, since one cannot decide in principle whether the number of linearly independent physical states is infinite in reality, or just very large. According to this kinematical superposition principle, any two physical states, |1〉 and |2〉, whatever their meaning, can be superposed in the form c1|1〉 + c2|2〉, with complex numbers c1 and c2, to form a new physical state. By induction, the principle can be applied to more than two and even an infinite number of states, and appropriately extended to apply to a continuum of states. After postulating the linear Schrödinger equation in a general form, one may furthermore conclude that the superposition of two (or more) of its solutions forms again a solution. This is the dynamical version of the superposition principle. A dynamical superposition principle (though in general with respect to real numbers only) is also known from classical waves which obey a linear wave equation. Its validity is then restricted to cases where these equations apply, while the quantum superposition principle is meant to be universal and exact.


Background The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in young children can be challenging, especially in severely malnourished children. There is a critical need for improved diagnostics for children. Thus, we sought to evaluate the performance of a technique that measures antibodies in lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) for the diagnosis of TB in severely malnourished children presenting with suspected pneumonia. Methods Children less than 5 years with severe acute malnutrition and radiological features of pneumonia admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, were enrolled consecutively following informed written consent. In addition to clinical and radiological assessment, samples taken for TB diagnosis included gastric lavage fluid and induced sputum for microbiological confirmation. ALS was measured from venous blood, and results were evaluated in children classified as "confirmed", "non-confirmed TB" or "not TB". Results Among 224 children who had ALS analysis, 12 (5.4%) children had microbiologically "confirmed TB", a further 41 (18%) had clinically diagnosed "non-confirmed TB" and the remaining 168 (75%) were considered not to have TB. ALS was positive in 89 (40%) and negative in 85 (39%) of children, with a large number (47 or 21%) reported as "borderline". These proportions were similar between the three diagnostic groups. The sensitivity and specificity of ALS when comparing "Confirmed TB" to "Not TB" was only 67% (95% CI: 31–91%) and 51% (95% CI: 42–60%), respectively. Conclusions and Significance Our data suggest that ALS is not sufficiently accurate to improve the diagnosis of TB in children with severe malnutrition.


Now days, billions of people are using smart phones all over the world and as the phone gets smarter, the new features gets added that reduces the human efforts in many fields. Smart phone makes the payment of different things such as ordering food, booking a cab, ordering grocery, booking a movie ticket via different mobile applications. These mobile applications work with the support of e-wallets which is recognized as digital wallets. This paper proposes the design of connecting different e-wallets present into a single smart phone. The proposed method will make digital payment much less cumbersome


Together with elastic impedance determining on compressional reflected waves and elastic shear impedance determining on converted reflected waves, the first time shear impedance was calculated on monotype shear reflected waves, recorded at VSP with an undirected source of vibrations. When determining shear impedances on reflected waves, arising at oblique angle of a ray incidence on the reflecting boundary the preference is suggested to give for monotype shear waves, which allow to preserve the physical sense of the determined shear impedances when the angle of the ray incidence is close to the normal one.


ABSTRACT Water wells are very important in the history of human development. The identification of spatiotemporal patterns of ancient water wells is a key to understanding the relationship between ancients and water, the evolution of ancient settlement patterns, and the history of population migration. However, at present, there are few reports to quantitatively explore the spatiotemporal evolution of ancient water wells from the perspective of geography. There is still a knowledge gap. Therefore, we show that a spatiotemporal kernel density estimation (STKDE) model and the centre-of-gravity method are useful for studying the spatiotemporal evolution of ancient water wells over the past 3,000 years in Zhejiang Province of southern China. The results show that in the past 3,000 years, the ancient water wells there have experienced an evolution from 'single-core' to 'multicore' aggregation, and the scope has gradually shifted from northern Zhejiang to southern Zhejiang. In addition, Hangzhou, Shangyu and ChunAn have always been aggregation centres. Socioeconomic factors, political and social stability, natural environmental conditions, population density and technological progress are the most important variables associated with water well 'hot spots' in time and space. This article provides a new perspective for the study of ancient water wells and fills the knowledge gap in understanding the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of ancient water wells and other point or line features in the archaeological record.


OEN: MacARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia, Thursday (Ap)-Japanese shock troops have landed on the southeastern tip of New Guinea less than 500 mUes CHUNGKING (AP) Chuh. from the Australlan mainland desien, site of the biggest.l1ir fieJd spite heavy IIllied air action which in China and potential Shangri· destroyed one enemy transport, Gix La from which to bomb Japan, landing barges, and probably a is under concetted attack by cruiser, it was announced officiaUy Chinese fOI'ccs I'apidly prosecut· today. • ing their ·ountel'.dt·ives against The Japanese mllrlnes. landed the Japanese invaders in Che. trom a, small convby at Milne bay, kiang and Kiangsi provinces it 1180 mdes down the New Guinea , coast from Buna, where the Japawas l'epo~t~d last night. nese were revealed yesterday to The Ohm 8(' have taken a. have established an air base In point four lind one·half miles their attempt to conquer all New south of the str.'ategie city in Guinea, wCf\tern Chekiang and also are attacking Japanese forces directly to the westward, the Chinese high command said. sun Flihtlhl Allied ground troops Immediately went il1to action against the Japanese, anti IIr!! stili fighting them, a SpOkesman said. ** * " . . * * * ......... * * * GERMAN ~EINFORCEMENTS POUR ACROSS DON Russians Regain 2~·3.0 · Miles In Area Northwest of Moscow


Within the framework of a NASA STTR program, we designed and developed a 1/5 dynamically scaled model of the Aeromot (AMT) 200S motor glider ("SuperXimango"). This model is one element in a "tool box" for scaled model flight research that also includes wind/water tunnel experiments, aerodynamic design tools, and computational fluid dynamics. This 1/5 dynamically scaled model of the Aeromot 200S SuperXimango is awaiting flight testing which will allow for a validation and verification of the scaling by comparison with full scale flight test data. An important criterion in the design and development of the flight model is its ability to serve as a versatile platform for developing and testing of novel technologies. Therefore, great emphasis was placed on a modular design and construction so that certain modules can be easily exchanged.


Existing Intelligence Models for managing innovative projects and programs have been explored. The competency-based approach is considered the basis for building an Intelligence Model for managing innovative projects. Proposed 5D groups of Competencies Intelligence Model for Managing Innovation Projects. The model is based on the SMARTification of the system of five groups of interrelated competencies: emotional, social, cognitive, business and technical. For each group of competencies, the mechanisms of SMARTification and construction of the Intelligence Model are defined. To assess the competence level of the project team, the IPMA Delta model was used. An example of the application Intelligence Model to the implementation of the double degree project of the Kyiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture and the Dortmund University of Applied Sciences within the framework of the implementation of European Union DAAD VIMACS and ERASMUS+ WORK4CE projects is presented. During the implementation of the program, the levels of competencies that ensure the success of the project and the existing competencies of the project team were assessed. Based on the results, bottlenecks were identified and a training program for project participants in certain competencies was proposed. Re-assessment of the level of competencies allowed the project team to be confident in its success.


Synthesis and New Conception of North Sea Research (SYCON) is the title of a German project carried out from 1998–2000 under the leadership of Hamburg University1. It was accompanied by an international advisory board and covered North Sea issues as well as the general challenges to shelf sea research and sustainable management under global change. Particular emphasis was placed on the interdisciplinary analysis of comprehensive areas of knowledge: the data situation, understanding of processes, model development, instruments and methods, understanding of the system. Based on this, perspectives for future North Sea research were developed. The project produced a synthesis report, eleven monodisciplinary reports and an illustrated brochure for the general public (see Annex 1, this paper, p. 258). The SYCON Project was carried out with the support of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under Grant No. 03F0215A. This article is based on the SYCON Synthesis Report (Sündermann et al. 2001). The complete text of the paper is available in PDF format at http://www.iopan.gda.pl/ oceanologia/index.html


Camaridium perezianum is described from the remnant cloud forests of Valle del Cauca Department (western range of the Andes, southwestern Colombia). This new species is most similar to C. nutantiflorum , from which it differs by its subrhombic, apically rounded labellum and by its ligulate, minutely trifid, basally papillose callus. The seemingly bifid callus reported for C. nutantiflorum is shown to be an artifact caused by longitudinal splitting when flattening the labellum; the callus in living and liquid-preserved flowers is thick and widely obtuse. A key to the six species of the C. carinulatum alliance is provided.


This Article is based on a presentation to the Symposium, "Lessons From the Chevron Ecuador Litigation" at Stanford Law School. It begins by offering some observations, from the field, on the application of the forum non conveniens doctrine by the Aguinda v. Texaco court to dismiss the initial lawsuit in the ongoing litigation related to Texaco's oil extraction operations in the Amazon Rainforest in Ecuador, and then discusses one of the affected Indigenous peoples, the Huaorani (Waorani). It concludes by suggesting some lessons that could be learned from the experience of the Huaorani with the litigation. The author has worked in region affected by Chevron's operations since 1989 and her original research was the basis for the environmental allegations in the initial Aguinda v. Texaco complaint.


In this paper, the differences of structure and electrochemistry between HT LiCoO2 and LT LiCoO2 have been described briefly. A variety of synthetic methods of lithium cobaltate, such as high temperature solid state method, low temperature solid state method and several liquid phase technology have been reviewed and evaluated. The main factors, which affect the structure, morphologise and electrochemical performances of lithium cobaltate, have been discussed. These factors consist of used precursor,the rate of heating,reaction temperature,keeping time and the rate of cooling. The aspects of future research have been put forward, too.


This article traces Spalding Gray's solo performances and Elizabeth LeCompte's directorial method to certain voice-oriented features governing the first trilogy (1975-9) and one of its core texts, The Cocktail Party. The common view is that Eliot scapegoated Celia Coplestone and that Gray's exposition of his relationship to this play, marked by a variety of monologic voices and oddly assorted talk, saved him temporarily from a life-threatening depression by sublimating his problematic move from the Imaginary to the Symbolic. In an attempt to redress this one-sided view, the article recalls that the use of audio-tapes with interviews documenting the mental illness of Gray's mother goes back to his studying roles in college by relying on tapes, that the Performance Group's Commune (1970) already featured a confessional monologue in which he came to terms with his mother's suicide, and that he also played the suicidal Hoss in their polyphonic Tooth of Crime (1972). Finally, the article proposes that Eliot's ambivalent relationships with his mother and interned wife, besides his own psychiatric problems, warrant his partial identification with Celia, in the face of the Wooster Group's anti-identificatory voice techniques but in keeping with the view that The Cocktail Party evinces a feminine voice which speaks the body. Thus the Wooster Group's hysteric re-enactment of the play's last scene can be reinterpreted as not just an anti-patriarchal or anti-logocentric statement at Eliot's expense, but one partly authorized by him.


The search for Africa's political unity has been on e of the underlying ideas drawn from Pan- Africanism for several decades. Besides political l eaders such as Sekou Toure and Modibo Keita with similar ideas on continental unity, Kwame Nkrumah was the central figure who vigorously championed the cause for Africa's political unity. The role of Nkrumah as the iconic personality for the unification movement continues to attract s cholarly attention and debate. This article contributes to the literature on Pan-Africanism and African unity by examining Nkrumah's ideas and decision making through the lens of his leaders hip traits and personality styles. Grounded on the existing scholarly works in the field, the arti cle employs the theoretical framework of Leadership Trait Analysis (LTA) to examine the way Nkrumah's leadership traits shaped his decision making on Pan-Africanism and African unity. The article finds some utility in the theory (LTA) and concludes that Nkrumah's decision making was partly driven by his leadership traits and personality styles.


It has become the central task for China's domestic political transformation throughout the last century or so to build a politically civilized modern country. The Communist Party of China creatively put forward the historic task of "building socialist political civilization" on the basis of inheriting the various ways of modernization generalized by the different political civilizations in modern times. This idea not only sets the political direction for the political development of contemporary China but also lays a solid foundation for the final realization of China's modernization and the goal of building a welloff society in an allround way.


A relatively perfect and scientific evaluation index system for evaluation factor of quantitative fuzziness has been set up by applying the method of quasi-entropy weight fuzzy evaluation to comprehensively evaluate librarians.Computer solution was obtained by using MATLAB programming combined with practical examples.This system is hoped to provide a more scientific and practical basis for library management and human resources development.


Some of the intellectual, physical and family char acteristics of 72 patients with encephaloceles were examined. Their numbers reached a peak in the 1960s and have declined dramatical ly since then. 70 % of the patients were female. Many of the children had additional problems including hydrocephalus (340/0), severe vis ual impairments (34 %), inability to walk (21 %), and urinary incon tinence (130/0). Their mean IQ was 65.2, and the males tended to be more physically and intellectually disabled than the females.


This study established a quick method for determining the polar components of frying oil. The oil samples with different degrees of oxidation through heating and simulated frying were collected and their polar components were analyzed according to the Chinese national standard method. Near infrared(NIR) transmission spectra of these samples were recorded and preprocessed, and a quantitative analysis model was developed using partial least square regression(PLSR) method and validated. In the selected spectra ranges of 4 963–4 616, 5 222–5 037 and 5 688–5 499 cm-1, after spectral preprocessing by first derivative and Savitzky-Golay(7,5) smoothing, the correlation coefficient(R) for the calibration set and the root mean square error of calibration(RMSEC) were determined to be 0.996 5 and 1.84%, respectively, and the R value for the validation set and the root mean square error of validation(RMSEV) were 0.993 6 and 1.92%, respectively, suggesting the accuracy and reliability of the predictive model. Therefore, it is feasible to apply NIR to quantitatively analyze polar components of frying oil.


The invention provides an article sorting device and method. The working pressure of front-line logistics distribution persons can be greatly remitted, the sorting speed and accuracy are improved, the distribution speed of the last link of logistics distribution is increased, and the overall service quality of logistics distribution is guaranteed. The article sorting device comprises a reading device, a matching device and a prompting device, wherein the reading device is used for obtaining article information from article labels and transmitting the article information to the matching device; the matching device is used for receiving the article information transmitted by the reading device and determining article distribution information according to a preset matching rule, and the preset matching rule is used for defining the congruent relationship between article distribution addresses in the article information and the distribution information; and the prompting device is used for receiving the distribution information transmitted by the matching device and outputting the distribution information, and therefore a distributor completes article sorting according to the distribution information.