the consequent risks to the public. To explore such questions it is necessary to consider the development of nuclear weapons safety and to look at the causes of nuclear weapons accidents. There is fortunately a substantial, if diverse, literature upon which to base such an investigation. Although the chronological development of nuclear weapons safety has been well considered,6 rather less attention has been given to the relationship between safety and the development of nuclear weaponry and force postures. By considering the latter,


The attainment of the right to choose job and the formation of the employment market is the prerequisite for students to breach their employment contracts. The returns on human capital investment, the employment system arrangements, and the expectation for the future are the main causes for this. Reinforcing the employment system construction, improving the guide and service for students, and increasing the cost of breach will help to reduce the incidence of breaching employment contracts.


Based on the construction of high risk tunnels in Guiguang-Guangzhou high-speed railway,several new technologies were developed for high-risk tunnel construction.First,an integrated advanced geological prediction was developed for tunneling in karst area.Then,a new system of ventilation by involving me dedusting technology was proposed and used in the field,which received a good air quality.Finally,a method to minimize the distance between the working face and the invert installation was proposed by optimizing the invert installation and adopting the micro bench method.Applying the method to the project obtained an excellent result.The achievement obtained for this study would be able to provide a valuable reference to similar projects in the future.


Abstract : A road test was conducted on a highway transporter designed to carry three, 80-foot lengths of 48-inch diameter steel pipe on the Alaska Highway. The transporter uses a tri-axle forced steering dolly which has shown the capacity of significantly reducing the off tracking of the vehicle during curving. The curving dynamics of the vehicle, as they relate to off tracking, are discussed and the processed data from the test are presented.


The taxonomic status of three nominal species of Polydactylus, viz. P. multiradiatus (Gunther, 1860), P. specularis (De Vis, 1883) and P. auratus McKay, 1970, is revised. A comparison of the type series of Polydactylus auratus and the original description of Polynemus specularis with the holotype of Polynemus multiradiatus and 63 additional specimens from northern Australia has shown them to be conspecific. Polydactylus multiradiatus is characterised by its: 7 (rarely 6 or 8) pectoral filaments, not extending to posterior tip of pectoral fin; 14–17 (modally 15) pectoral fin rays; 13–15 (modally 14) dorsal fin soft rays; 16–18 (modally 16) anal fin soft rays; 49–56 (modally 52) pored lateral line scales; 7 or 8 (modally 8) scale rows above lateral line and 14 or 15 (14) below; 11–14 (modally 12) gill rakers on upper limb, 15–20 (modally 17) on lower and 27–33 (modally 30) in total; and vomerine teeth present. A synopsis of other Australian Polydactylus species and a key to known Australian Polydactylus are provided. H.o et1


Mercury exists in the environment in a variety of compounds, and the toxicity depends on the chemical species. Organomercury derivatives, especially methylmercury (CH3Hg ), are more toxic than inorganic or elemental mercury. Methylmercury is rarely emitted anthropogenically, but usually formed naturally through biomethylation of mercury, often of anthropogenic origin. Methylmercury subsequently bio-accumulates through the food chain, for example in the tissue of fish, in which methylmercury concentrations are frequently found that exceed the maximum levels recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) for human consumption (0.1 and 0.23 mg (kg body weight) 1 d ). Methylmercury exposure in adults has been linked to cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune effects, hearing impairment, blindness, and death. In a number of cases, mercury intoxication is related to the consumption of fish. Several analytical methods have been described for the determination of methylmercury in biological samples. For example, gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detection (ECD) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with elemental or ICP-MS detection have been extensively used. As an alternative to these technically sophisticated methods, which require a laboratory setting, the development of more simple procedures for in situ and rapid screening applications that are based on optical, electrochemical, or gravimetric procedures have recently received considerable attention; these methods involve in part biological species as active sensing elements. Regarding the development of chromoand fluorogenic indication systems for mercury derivatives, a large number of examples have been reported for the inorganic form (Hg), but few studies have targeted CH3Hg . Furthermore, most of these studies were unable to discriminate between Hg and CH3Hg + and did not involve the determination of the analyte(s) in relevant samples or matrices such as fish. Chemically, the great majority of the reported approaches rely on indicator molecules that either bind 17a] or react with Hg to yield the desired change in color or fluorescence. Only very recently, alternative procedures involving organic, inorganic, or hybrid materials have been proposed, which are promising in their performance. Our interest in the latter type of materials motivated us to explore bioinspired strategies toward new signaling models. For mercury indication, we combined our experience in Hg sensing and supramolecular hybrid materials design and developed an organically capped mesoporous inorganic material for selective CH3Hg + determination through signal amplification. Inspired by gated ion channels and pumps, the proposed sensing mechanism relies on the opening of a pore that is controlled by the interaction of a certain molecular stimulus (the target species, CH3Hg ) at the receptors that close the gate. Although this reaction itself can already induce an optical response, a second process is implemented in the system that leads to strong signal amplification: the pores of the hybrid are loaded with a large amount of dye molecules, which are only liberated upon analyte-induced opening of the pores. To date, apart from a few examples of analyte-induced pore blockage, pore-opening methods for sensing applications have not been reported. The sensing procedure is shown in Scheme 1. The inorganic support is a calcined MCM-41 mesoporous solid that features homogeneous porosity, facile surface functionalization, inertness, and a high loading capacity. The solid is first loaded with a dye (safranine O) and is then capped with 2,4-bis(4-dialkylaminophenyl)-3-hydroxy-4-alkylsulfanylcyclobut-2-enone (APC) groups. The APC moieties are [*] E. Climent, Dr. M. D. Marcos, Prof. R. Mart nez-M ez, Dr. F. Sancen n, Dr. J. Soto Instituto de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnol gico Centro Mixto Universidad Polit cnica de Valencia—Universidad de Valencia, Departamento de Qu mica Universidad Polit cnica de Valencia Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia (Spain) Fax: (+ 34)96-387-9349 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com and CIBER de Bioingenier a, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)


We report the results of an economic experiment on how social preferences and behavioral imitation lead to the social clustering of investment decisions, even if the expected return of the underlying asset is known. During the experiment, subjects are asked how much of their endowment they wish to allocate in an asset to which there is a 50% chance the amount they invest will be tripled and a 50% chance their investment will be lost. To study the social interdependence of investment decisions we use a 2 x 2 factorial design varying: (i) whether the subjects initially observed high or low investment social anchors, (ii) whether information about the investment decisions of other subjects in their social group is provided. Overall, we find strong evidence that individuals' investment decisions are malleable to the investment decisions of their peers, which in turn leads to the social clustering of investment decisions. Furthermore, social anchors shape initial investment levels, leading to mean investment rates that are double in size in the high anchor treatment relative to the low anchor treatment.


A concentric circular antenna array (CCAA) consists of elements positioned on the periphery of imaginary circles on a plane having a common centre and different radii. The simplest way to feed the elements of such an array is to use uniform excitation. However, with a non-uniform excitation profile, considerable reduction of the side lobe level (SLL) may be achieved at the cost of the added complexity. The difference of SLLs (with respect to the uniform excitation case) becomes even more prominent when the beamwidth of the antenna needs to be kept fixed. In this paper, we formulate the task of designing a non-uniformly excited CCAA as a constrained optimization problem and use genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the same. The goal is to determine an optimum set of weights for antenna elements which provides a radiation pattern with maximum SLL reduction with the constraint of a fixed beamwidth.


This paper examines the use and environmental consequences of engineered structures on reef platform islands in the Maldives. The Maldives comprises 1 500 islands which are mostly low-lying sand cays. These cays are inherently unstable, changing their size, and position on reef platforms in response to short-term and seasonal adjustments in wind, wave and current patterns. Island instability combined with high population densities has resulted in the proliferation of engineered structures to combat erosion and to provide boat access. In many instances introduction of hard engineered structures has exacerbated island erosion and degraded reef productivity. Reasons for the negative environmental consequences are twofold. First, the design, materials used in construction and the mode of construction contravene most standard measures of sound engineering design. Constraining sound design is a total lack of environmental information, particularly wave and current data. Second, structures are often inappropriate with respect to natural coastal processes. This is illustrated by wave and current measurements on Hulhudhoo Island in Baa Atoll. Results show the nearshore process regime is dominated by strong alongshore current gradients. Furthermore, seasonal shifts in monsoon winds produce reversals in wave, current and sediment transport patterns. The unique circulatory nature of coastal processes around islands has a number of implications for use of engineered structures. First, conventional engineering practices resulting from an understanding of onshore/offshore and alongshore processes are not necessarily appropriate. Second, it requires reconsideration of notions of passive erosion and placement loss. Effects of structures that are usually transferred alongshore are contained within the 360o island coastline and act to compound island instability and erosion.


In this paper, we study the issue of mobility based sensor networks deployment. The distinguishing feature of our work is that the sensors in our model have limited mobilities. More specifically, the mobility in the sensors we consider is restricted to a flip, where the distance of the flip is bounded. Given an initial deployment of sensors in a field, our problem is to determine a movement plan for the sensors in order to maximize the sensor network coverage, and minimize the number of flips. We propose a minimum-cost maximum-flow based solution to this problem. We prove that our solution optimizes both the coverage and the number of flips. We also study the sensitivity of coverage and the number of flips to flip distance under different initial deployment distributions of sensors. We observe that increased flip distance achieves better coverage, and reduces the number of flips required per unit increase in coverage. However, such improvements are constrained by initial deployment distributions of sensors, due to the limitations on sensor mobility


Provided is a transfer press machine which forms a tube-shaped work with a high quality shape. In the transfer press machine (10) of the present invention, when a blank material (B) is formed into a tube-shaped work (W) with a blank forming punch (40), a bottom pressurizing member (41) supports the blank material (B) into a drawing forming hole (38A) from a bottom, and falls by moving vertically to the blank forming punch (40). Moreover, an opening tool (43), which is installed in a work receiving step (S1), to be able to make a reciprocating motion, slides and contacts a pair of gripping members (63, 63); and the gripping members (63, 63) are opened and closed, receiving the tube-shaped work (W) from the blank forming punch (40).


Written pixel driving of the gate signal line for selecting a row, and the driving of the gate signal that specifies the illumination of the EL element is not possible to operate with each other to a different frame rate. The gate driver circuit (12a), the frequency of the input image signal (operation of the frame rate, for example, the image per second to 30), rewrites the display screen 22 in synchronism with the. The gate driver circuit (12a) is, in synchronization with the horizontal synchronizing signal (HD) from the first pixel row of the display screen (22) n (n is the maximum value of the pixel row) select the second pixel row in order, and a source driver circuit and 14 is the program of the selected pixel rows with current (voltage) from the. The gate driver circuit (12b) is, from the first pixel row of the gate driver circuit (12a), a horizontal synchronizing signal (HD) or the vertical scanning synchronization signal display (VD) than in synchronization with the different lighting control synchronizing signal screen 22 of the n (n is the maximum value of the pixel row) to select the second pixel row in sequence. The gate driver circuit (12b) is, in synchronization with the synchronization signal to the lighting control, select the gate signal line (17b), and performs on-off control of the gate signal line (17b). When the select gate signal lines (17a) and the gate signal line (17b) of the same pixel 16, the gate signal lines (17a) and the gate signal line (17b), either one, or both, forced turn-off voltage (VGH) during It is applied. An EL element, the gate member tri circuit, a gate signal line, a transistor


Acase of Addison''s disease with a specific pattern of muscular contractures has been described. The neuromuscular condition worsened concomitantly with the appearance of an Addisonian crisis. A marke


For Montaigne death forms part of any life that is worth living. "Death and the good life" considers Montaigne's writing and thought on the end of life and on living life. Montaigne is optimistic in his earlier essays about the freeing effects of inspecting and accepting mortality. Later, less confident that we can detach ourselves from the constraints of earthly existence, he is firmly convicted that death is inextricably bound up with life. In fact, he states, we rub shoulders with death every day. However, no writer can please everyone and Montaigne is no exception and this is arguably the most evident in his writing on these two weighty topics.


Abstract Based on original survey data, this essay analyses the political attitudes of individuals displaced by the war in eastern Ukraine. We systematically compare attitudinal differences and similarities along three axes: the displaced relative to the resident population; the displaced in Ukraine relative to the displaced in Russia; and the displaced from the (non-)government-controlled areas relative to the resident population in the (non-)government-controlled areas of Donbas. This fine-grained comparative analysis highlights the variety of attitudes held by the displaced, similarities in attitudes across displacement locations, and the effect of war casualties on attitudes and self-declared political interest.


I once quipped in a class that I wondered if the Martin Luther portrayed in some books would even be able to recognize the Martin Luthers of other works. Would Erik Erikson's sexually repressed, rebellious Luther recognize the confident and assertive Luther of the recent popularly aimed biography How a Monk and a Mallet Changed the World? The five-hundredth anniversary of the Reformation seems an apt moment to reflect a bit on the place and significance of Martin Luther in the Reformation and the church. The anniversary year will see at least a half-dozen new biographies, numerous conferences, and nearly ubiquitous commemorations. As we mark this year, what portraits are now being drawn? What conclusions? Is there any hope of synthesis and common representation, or shall we each have our own Luther, few of whom recognize the other? Since the last centennial of the Reformation, scholarship on the Reformation generally and Luther specifically has emerged from the tight quarters of confessionalized history. In 1917, there were no commemorations. Luther was celebrated by Protestants and lamented by Roman Catholics. There was little in the way of neutral ground between those two poles. In 1999, the Lutheran World Federation and the Vatican issued a Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification. In 2016, Pope Francis traveled to Sweden to participate in a joint commemoration of the Reformation with a Lutheran (and female) bishop. Such would have been unthinkable in 1917, or 1817, or 1617. As Luther has been released from the confessionalized walls that held him so long, what image do we see now? In what follows, I would like to reflect on three aspects of the "new" or "newer" Luther that has emerged.


rocker-bottom feet and a prominent heel (1). However, depending on what arm of chromosome 4 and the amount repeated in triplicate, this syndrome can have variable clinical manifestations. Patel et al. in 1995 concluded that although it can be considered a syndrome, it cannot be recognized without cytogenetic analysis (1). Our patient was a 1-year-old female who presented for adenoidectomy and an acid reflux test. Her past medical history was positive for small nasal vaults, laryngopharyngeal reflux, a true left vocal cord paralysis, aspiration pneumonia X 3, chronic upper airway congestion, asthma, microcephaly, cerebral cysts, and severe developmental delay. She was born on a 39-week gestation and delivered by C-section for nonreassuring fetal heart tones, with a birth weight of 6 lbs 11 oz. Although she was unresponsive at birth and did not open her eyes for the first week of life, she did not need resuscitation. A genetic analysis led to a diagnosis of trisomy 4 [46, XX, ad (2) (p16)]. Giemsa banding studies revealed that all cells had extra chromosomal material on the terminal short arm of one chromosome 4. Past surgical history included an MRI, with no anesthetic complications. Current medications included pulmicort and albuterol nebulizations, nasonex, prevacid, and griseofulvin. There was no history of recent illness. Following pre-anesthesia assessment, she was taken to the operating room where standard ASA monitors including electrocardiogram, noninvasive blood pressure, and pulse oximetry were placed. Anesthesia was induced via mask induction with oxygen, sevoflurane and nitrous oxide. Ventilation was difficult, but achieved using a twoperson technique. Laryngoscopy was attempted by the anesthesia resident, and a grade 3 view of the larynx was visualized. This was re-assessed and discussed with both the anesthesia and ENT teams. A 4.0-mm endotracheal tube could not be placed, and successful tracheal intubation was achieved using a 1.5-Miller blade and 3.5-mm endotracheal tube. Following an uneventful intraoperative course, the patient was extubated when she was fully awake. Postoperative course was uneventful, and patient was discharged home later in the day. Clinical symptoms of trisomy 4p syndrome often present as developmental delays and dysmorphic features at birth. The lack of a clinically recognizable phenotype reflects the effects of the variable expression of trisomy 4p (2). The abnormalities originate by a number of mechanisms, including parental pericentric inversion, centric fission and ⁄ or balanced translocation (1). In the case of our patient, trisomy 4p syndrome manifested itself as developmental delays, microcephaly, multiple pulmonary problems (asthma, chronic congestion, laryngomalacia), and ultimately, a difficult airway and two-person ventilatory status. Review of the literature reveals no reports of anesthesia in children with trisomy 4p syndrome. This syndrome can present clinically in multiple different forms, and it is only with cytogenetic analysis that the cause of the abnormal phenotypes can be delineated. Although our experience with trisomy 4p syndrome is limited, we offer the following recommendations for anesthetic management: (i) review pulmonary and cardiac status completely, as well as old operative reports, before proceeding to the operating room, (ii) have additional experienced anesthesia providers in case the patient is difficult to ventilate (as in our case), (iii) have a smaller than expected endotracheal tube immediately available. Dair Chevalier James F. Mayhew Department of Anesthesiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39126, USA (email: firstname.lastname@example.com)


The studies were conducted in the years 2000-2002 at the Experimental Station of Czesawice near Na¯�czow on a field of monocultures of runner bean and soybean. The subject of the studies was the rhizosphere soil of these plant species. The experiment of each plant included 2 combinations, i.e. with dressing the seeds with Zaprawa Oxafun T and without dressing the seeds (control). Results of the microbiological analysis of the rhizosphere soil of runner bean and soybean showed that the plants grown of the seeds dressed with Zaprawa Oxafun T always gave a greater number of bacteria colonies, Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. but a smaller number of fungi colonies than in the control combination. In comparison to the rhizos- phere soil of soybean, the rhizosphere soil of runner bean contained much more bacteria and a much lower number of fungi colonies. Among the obtained saprotrophic macroorganisms, a more numerous group of antagonis- tic bacteria and fungi was achieved from the rhizosphere soil of runner bean than from the rhizosphere soil of soybean. Whatever the plant species, considerably more antagonistic bacteria and fungi occurred in the combination with Zaprawa Oxafun T as compared to the control. The plant species as well as the introduction of Zaprawa Oxafun T into the soil together with the seeds had a considerable influence on the quantitative and qualitative composi- tion of the populations of soil microorganisms.


Velopharyngeal dysfunction can occur due to anatomic defects, physiologic causes, and even mislearning of speech. Regardless of the cause, velopharyngeal dysfunction can affect the quality and intelligibility of speech by causing hypernasality, nasal air emission, weak or omitted consonants, short utterance length, and compensatory or obligatory speech errors. Traditionally, the evaluation of velopharyngeal function has included a perceptual evaluation, nasometry, pressure/flow measures, videofluoroscopy, and nasopharyngoscopy. Currently, research is being done to investigate the potential use of magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate velopharyngeal function. The findings from the evaluation of velopharyngeal dysfunction are considered in determining the appropriate course of treatment. Surgical treatment historically has included augmentation procedures, the superiorly based pharyngeal flap, or the sphincteroplasty procedure. There is current interest in the use of a palatoplasty, such as the Furlow technique, as a secondary procedure. Speech therapy is an appropriate method of treatment for patients with poor velopharyngeal function in selected cases. The use of continuous positive airway pressure is currently being studied as a potential method to strengthen the velum through resistance training. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002,


In an era of supposed budget surpluses and debt reduction, most researchers in the field of biomedical science had anticipated that the planned doubling of the budget for the National Institutes of Health by the year 2003 would remain on track. However, after the State of the Union address by President Clinton, most were chagrined to realize that he proposed to increase the NIH budget by just slightly more than 2%.

Compared with the nearly 15% increase in the fiscal year (FY) 1999 budget, the increase was not even steady state, and it prompted a rush to shore up the advances gained in previous years. "This is a unique time in the history of biomedical science," said William Brinkley, PhD, president of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB). "With all the contributions of genomic science, we could develop a new paradigm in medicine." However, the ability to take advantage of the new knowledge will depend to a large extent on the amount of money available for research.

In FY 1999, it seemed the federal government concurred. Although President Clinton had suggested only an 8.4% increase in his State of the Union address, Congress ended up bolstering that sum to 15%. Harold Varmus, PhD, director of the NIH, assured Congress that it was money that …


Chinese culture is expressed in poetic language,which is manifested in 3 forms——the image of Chou Yi,the rising of Book Of Songs and the writing technique of Spring And Autumn. the image of Chou Yi is for holding ideals,the rising of Book Of Songs for expressing feelings,and the writing technique of Spring And Autumn for narrating. the image of Chou Yi include images and words of lines on a trigram,and the latter is the explanation for the former in intuitionistic,visual and poetic words,instead of logistic and nonfigurative ones. Overall,the image of Chou Yi is metaphor and symbol,and the ideals in it is philosophical and religionary,but it is expressed in a literary and symbolic way. As Chou Yi expresses ideals through images,the image of Chou Yi becomes the poetic carrier of the ideals.


This paper presents a method for jointly estimating the state, input, and parameters of linear systems in an online fashion. The method is specially designed for measurements that are corrupted with non-Gaussian noise or outliers, which are commonly found in engineering applications. In particular, it combines recursive, alternating, and iteratively-reweighted least squares into a single, one-step algorithm, which solves the estimation problem online and benefits from the robustness of least-deviation regression methods. The convergence of the iterative method is formally guaranteed. Numerical experiments show the good performance of the estimation algorithm in presence of outliers and in comparison to state-of-the-art methods.


We introduce the concepts of K-g-frames and K-g-Riesz bases in complex Hilbert spaces and study the essential distinctions between a K-g-frame and a g-frame.We give a characterization of a K-g-frames and an equivalent characterization of a K-g-Riesz basis in complex Hilbert spaces.Lastly,by using the analytical methods and techniques in frame theory,we obtain some sufficient conditions for the stability of perturbation of K-g-frames and K-g-Riesz bases.


In memory of Grace Lambe §1. Introduction. The quantum Yang–Baxter equation (QYBE) is related to the study of integrable models in statistical mechanics and solutions to the QYBE are a starting point for the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method (QISM) [1], [22], [5]. An exposition of the relationship between the QISM and the Bethe Ansatz in connection with QYBE can be found in [5], [20] and [4]. The QYBE (with spectral parameter) is


Contents: Introduction Part I: Discrimination and Wage Differentials Part II: Education and Training Part III: Data and Statistics Name Index


Nowadays, due to the importance that aspects related to energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality have assumed, the need to carry out audits in which the thermal comfort indices are assessed has grown substantially. A particularly relevant issue is the quality of the experimental results, which is directly connected to the uncertainty of the indices values. The evaluation can be based on the PMV-PPD indices or on the Adaptive Model method, and in both an inescapable environmental variable is the mean radiant temperature. It can be obtained from different methods, being the most used the one based upon the simultaneous measurement of the globe temperature, the air temperature and the air speed. In the work reported in this paper, the impact of the aforementioned environmental variables and their uncertainties on the combined expanded uncertainty of mean radiant temperature has been studied, for two diameters of the globe temperature probe and for two metrological quality conditions of the used probes. The calculations were performed using the Monte Carlo method.


Many countries of the world have developed various policies and programmes to promote entrepreneurship; developing countries have found developing entrepreneurship by indigenising the economy appealing, as it would also address the economic imbalance. Indigenisation would favour the indigenous people who are considered to have been economically and politically disadvantaged. However, indigenisation has had limited success. While the indigenous citizens have enjoyed favours from the government other citizens have been alienated, resulting in resentment poor cooperation. Indigenisation has been misused by those who should benefit from it.


In this paper, we discuss a design of exact model matching systems (EMM) and its application to model reference adaptive control systems (MRACS) and to adaptive finite time settling control systems (AFSC) for linear discrete time systems. In the EMM design, the mtarix inversion to solve a polynomial equation is not required and the dimension of feedback compensators are kept to be minimum, which makes the design method applicable to MRACS. In the design of MRACS, a projection type parameter identification scheme, called residual projection method (RPM) in this paper, is used, which ensures the parameter convergence in finite steps. The design method is also applied to AFSC with the RPM, in which the monotonic convergence of the output error is shown. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the adaptive finite settling control systems.


In a review of recent Newton scholarship, H. Floris Cohen charges that my paper is not a 'case of worthwhile innovation, or even of any innovation at all'. I beg to differ.


Reconstructing the environmental consequences of large carbon additions in the past has the potential to improve our understanding and prediction of how the Earth system will respond to human carbon emissions. However, uncertainties over the scale and timing of external carbon additions during past carbon emission events limit quantitative knowledge gained from the geological record. The metals Sr, Os, Li and Ca are essential proxies for changes in volcanic activity and terrestrial weathering rates, and thus for major causes of pre-industrial carbon emission and sequestration, because their isotopic compositions in old continental crust and Earth’s mantle differ significantly. So far, box models and equilibrium-state equations have been the only method to quantitatively relate weathering-derived and magmatic input fluxes to trace metal concentrations and isotopic ratios preserved in ancient sediments. This approach results most commonly in a first order estimate of emitted carbon or weathering changes, but it does not account for the effect of climate feedbacks on metal sources and sinks and associated variations in the residence time of these metals in the ocean. Particularly during fast carbon emissions (e.g. Cenozoic hyperthermals, Oceanic Anoxic Events), the processes which added isotopically traceable metals to the oceans also enchained environmental changes which would have affected metal cycles and residence times, resulting in significant alterations of the recorded isotopic excursion in marine sediments. To disentangle the signals of causes and consequences of environmental change recorded by trace metal isotopes, we simulated various coupled carbon and metal cycle perturbations in the 3D Earth system model of intermediate complexity cGENIE, now containing the first representation of isotope-enabled trace metal dynamics. Here, we present a resulting extended framework to reconstruct metal and carbon fluxes from the geological trace metal record during periods of environmental change.


A water purification system comprising at least two filter media, the filter media enables the relative amounts of the first contaminant saturated first, and the second contaminant having a saturation hysteresis.


Milt of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. was cryopreserved in pellet form with the use of 12 extenders. Most efficient were: BE2 original extender (containing 85 mM NaCl, 50 mM KCl, 3 mm CaCl2, 1 mm MgCl2 with 10% dimethyl-acetamide (DMA) and 10% addition of hen's egg yolk) and Kurokura et al.'s extender with 15% DMA and 10% yolk (about 73% and 69% of eyed eggs, about 61% and 52% of swim-up larvae, respectively). Within the most effective treatments, survival from the eyed-egg stage to the swim-up stage was similar to that observed in the control group. Survival from the eyed-egg stage to the swim-up stage (percentage of eyed eggs was considered as 100%) was highly significantly and positively correlated with the actual rate of swim-up larvae.


www.progressnp.com 4 I Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry I Vol. 23 Iss. 1 2019 Between 2006 and 2010, over half a million people from cities across the UK signed up to be a part of a project to 'improve the health of future generations'. These participants became the subjects of UK Biobank (UKB), which is now a well-characterised cohort that any scientist can study for health-related research, at a fraction of the cost of setting up a specific study.1–3 UKB was designed to study common diseases of middle and old age, where large sample sizes are needed to study the complex relationship of multiple small-effect genetic and environmental influences. Participants visited an assessment centre where they had baseline measures and gave biosamples, with follow-up for the cohort by data linkage to routine health care data, allowing for efficient and near-complete coverage. Many have participated further, for example through online questionnaires and activity monitoring. As the model has been proven and technology moved on, ambitions have grown at UKB. For example, initially genotyping was carried out on part of the cohort, but full cohort genotyping became available last year, and now whole genome sequencing is underway. UKB is also leading the way with large-scale multimodal imaging data, captured and processed using homogenous processes.4


The papers in this special issue focus on the rapidly evolving techniques on shallow water acoustic communications, and how underwater acoustic (UWA) propagation models based on shallow water physics may be harnessed with signal processing techniques for high-resolution channel estimation, equalization, and resolving cross-layer challenges to achieve high-data-rate communications in shallow water. The definition of shallow water is relatively broad in scope, and not limited to any particular frequency range. Any UWA channel that exhibits significant multipath and rapid fluctuations in delay spread can be included in the paradigm of interest.


The informative study by Blackman et al. comes to the conclusion that medical priority rehousing has an important role in reducing the prevalence of mental health problems. The study does not allow such a conclusion to be made. I was co-author of the study quoted by Blackman et al. In addition to the randomized controlled trial, using an intention to treat analysis, which compared 28 people with mental health problems who were given medical priority with 28 controls who were not, a parallel study was done. This compared people who claimed medical priority with those who wished to be rehoused but did not claim medical priority. Out of 26 people who wished to be rehoused but did not claim medical priority, 18 scored 3 or more on the DSSI/sAD scale suggesting mental health illhealth. Of these, 11 were rehoused compared with 41 who had claimed medical priority. Although these claiming medical priority had somewhat higher initial mean DSSl/sAD scores (15.4 versus 10.5), these scores were reduced to lower levels in both groups (5.3 versus 2.8) after rehousing. The allocation of medical priority for mental ill-health will lessen the chance of rehousing for others on the waiting list who may have equally severe mental ill-health. As such, the potential of medical priority rehousing to reduce the prevalence of mental health problems will be limited.


This paper "re-introduces" the genetics into the population based incremental learning algorithm (PBIL). PBIL was proposed in 1994 by Baluja; one major goal of the PBIL was to "remove the genetics from the GA". Nevertheless, this paper shows that one can improve the performance of PBIL significantly with different forms of crossover. This is achieved by re-introducing usual forms of crossover working on individuals and by introducing crossover among "probability vectors" which effectively results in a form of migration inspired by the well known Island Model GA (also called coarse-grained GA). An analysis of the behavior of PBIL on a genetic drift model is performed and furthermore the paper explains the destructive effect of using an elite in combination with PBIL. Significant performance improvements are shown on four well-known function optimization problems (with and without constraints). Further, comparisons are made between our novel methods C-PBIL and IM-PBIL, and the standard PBIL, a continuous-valued PBIL called "PBIL/sub C/", and finally an evolutionary strategy (ES). Altogether we show that our "re-introduction of genetics" improves the performance of PBIL in all considered cases.


By its very nature, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an ultra-wideband device (UWB), requiring a large range in frequency to penetrate the ground and image with sufficient resolution to solve practical problems. The increasing scarcity of electromagnetic spectrum and the proposed use of other UWB devices in 1998 caused the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to initiate an inquiry (NOI ET Docket 98-153) to investigate permitting the operation of ultra-wideband devices (including ground penetrating radar) on an unlicensed basis under Part 15 of the FCC rules. Through 14 February 2002, the FCC had received over 910 comments in the inquiry (NOI 98-153) and on the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM 00-163) issued in June, 2000. The First Report and Order (R&O 02-48) was issued on 14 February 2002. Before this, ground penetrating radar use was only officially permitted for those who had received waivers from the FCC or NTIA (National Telecommunications and Information Administration), who jointly regulate radio spectrum use in the United States. Legal waivers to manufacture ground penetrating radar were issued to U.S. Radar Inc., Time Domain Inc. and Zircon Corp. in June, 1999, and expiring with the R&O. Waivers to build or use ground penetrating radar were issued to the U. S. Geological Survey, U. S. Army and U. S. DOE by NTIA (or predecessors) from about 1976. The R&O issued on 14 February 2002 ...provides for the operation of GPRs and other imaging devices under Part 15 of the Commission's rules subject to certain frequency and power limitations. The operators of imaging devices must be eligible for licensing under Part 90 of our rules... At the request of NTIA, the FCC will notify or coordinate with NTIA prior to the operation of all imaging systems. GPRs must be operated below 960 MHz or in the frequency band 3.1-10.6 GHz. The FCC ...intends within the next six to twelve months to review the standards for UWB devices and issue a further notice of proposed rule making to explore more flexible standards and address the operation of additional types of UWB operations and technology. This FCC rule impacts ground penetrating radar manufacture, sale and use in the United States (and in other countries whose rules are linked to FCC regulations).


Forty-two neem ecotypes of India have been found to show a wide variation in the content of oil, and their physicochemical characteristics (color, specific gravity, refractive index, iodine value, acid value, and saponification value), total fatty acid, fatty acid composition (oleic, stearic, palmitic, linoleic, myristic, arachidic, and behenic acids), and the key meliacins (azadirachtin, nimbin, and salannin). The azadirachtin content did not correlate with any of the physicochemical and chemical parameters, but the nimbin and salannin contents correlated significantly with each other. The refractive index (+ve correlation) and iodine value (−ve correlation) showed weak but significant correlation with the contents of nimbin and salannin. Insect growth inhibition of Spodoptera litura revealed a wide variation in the EC50 of the oils. The salannin and azadirachtin contents of the oils correlated the most with bioactivity. The iodine and acid values correlated weakly but significantly with bioactivity. Key...


1 Integrating micro and macro-organism dispersal: modes, techniques and challenges with 1 particular focus on co-dispersal 2 3 Sylvie V.M. Tesson a,b , Beth Okamura c , Rachael Y. Dudaniec a,d , Wim Vyverman e , Jakob 4 Löndahl f , Clark Rushing g , Alice Valentini h , Andy J. Green i 5 6 a Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden 7 b Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 8 Gothenburg, Sweden 9 c Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, U.K. 10 d Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2109 11


15568 Background: GFLIP is based on ex vivo sensitivity tests performed on a series of de novo human pancreas ca.The assays found many drug interactions occuring optimally at low drug concentrations.This regimen provides conditions for 4–8 drug interactions to be applied simultaneously.These interactions can reverse the individual tumors heterogeneous resistance to single drugs and combinations. Methods: Unresectable, metastatic and recurrent pancreas ca pts were treated with a low dose q2wk version of GFLIP using Cisplatin (P) 40 mg/m2, adding Docetaxel (D) 25–35 mg/m2 on failure of GFLIP. Pts with PS 4, atypical ca, cystic apocrine endocrine,Ro status were excluded from analyses.Prior treatment with test drugs was allowed.Cohorts of consecutively accrued pts provided 185 prospectively registered pts for intent to treat analyses of overall survival from first diagnoses of unresectable or metastatic ca,age, stage,prior therapy and sex as prognostic factors.Another analysis omitted all pts surviving 2 yrs ...


Narcolepsy is the second most common cause of excessive daytime sleepiness (after obstructive sleep apnea). Narcolepsy is a clinical syndrome characterized by daytime sleepiness as well as cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Narcolepsy is essentially a disorder of sleep-wake control. It involves both elements of sleep intruding into wakefulness and elements of wakefulness intruding into sleep. Only one-third of narcolepsy patients will have the entire syndrome of hypersomnolence, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis. Therefore, narcolepsy needs to be considered even among people who only present with hypersomnolence. Cataplexy is defined as muscle weakness triggered by strong emotion such as laughter. Cataplexy can be dramatic and can sometimes lead to extensive workup to exclude cardiovascular disease or other neurologic processes. However, a careful history should be able to identify a true cataplectic attack. Sleep paralysis typically involves the inability to move for one or two minutes immediately after awakening or just before falling asleep. This phenomenon can occur in otherwise normal individuals (without narcolepsy). Sleep paralysis can be an extremely frightening symptom to a person who has not been educated about its cause and provided with reassurance. In normal REM sleep, skeletal muscle paralysis occurs. Therefore, sleep paralysis would be an example of a REM sleep phenomenon intruding into wakefulness.


When IT service providers adapt their IT system landscapes because of new technologies or changing business requirements, the effects of changes to the quality of service must be considered to fulfill service level agreements. Analytical prediction models can support this process in the service design stages, but dependencies between quality aspects are not taken into account. In this paper, a novel approach for predicting availability and response time of an IT service is developed, which is simulation-based to support dynamic analysis of service quality. The correctness of the model as well as its applicability in a real case can be evaluated. Therefore, this work presents a step towards an analytical framework for predicting IT service quality aspects.


This research intends to analyze the problem of gender relationships between men and women through the perspective of two literary pieces from the British and Ecuadorian Romanticism: Visions of the Daughters of Albion, by William Blake, and La Emancipada, by Miguel Riofrio. To fulfill this purpose, the analysis uses hermeneutics to extract ideologies, opinions, and categories from the different actions of the different characters Rosaura, Oothoon, Eduardo, Theotormon - concerning gender relationships. This research considers that both literary pieces, during the XVIII and XIX centuries, established a similar point of view about the gender problem that unmasks relationships between men and women from the Romanticism context in the British and Ecuadorian societies, and it gives us some notions about why these irregular relationships are still persisting but not with the same strength as before, and why they will go little by little vanishing due to the tension in the social imagination and the pressure of modern institutions that push us to make these relationships disappear from the context of the XX and XXI centuries. Power, frictions, repressions, struggles, myths, prostitution, and sexual issues are the topics analyzed in these stories in order to get a new perspective of gender relationships that characterizes our occidental societies nowadays.


There is an increasing use of multicore processors in modern hardware. In order to be able to benefit from the computing power offered by these systems, programmers need to write parallel software. In concurrent programming however, developers need to make sure that individual threads of execution that access shared data correctly synchronize. This problem leads to new kinds of errors such as race conditions and deadlocks. Atomic blocks are a programming paradigm that lets a developer mark those sections of the code that multiple threads may not execute concurrently. The actual implementation of the mutual exclusion is left to the compiler or the runtime system, which prevents deadlocks. To avoid race conditions however, the developer is still responsible to detect all places in the code where atomic blocks are needed. It is of course important that mutual exclusion is implemented efficiently to ensure that programmers will make use of atomic blocks. This thesis therefore pursues two goals. First, we develop a data dependence analysis that identifies potential critical sections in a parallel program, presents them to the programmer, and then adds atomic blocks to the code. The second part of this thesis refines and enhances existing techniques—software transactional memory (STM) and lock inference—to implement atomic blocks. Although STM always achieves fine-grained synchronization, it has a high runtime overhead. Lock inference does not have this overhead, but it often leads to coarse-grained synchronization. While current approaches always implement an atomic block either with STM or with lock inference, we develop a new combined technique that permits one fraction of an atomic block to be implemented with STM while the other fraction uses lock inference. In our approach, an atomic block uses STM as long as lock inference would lead to coarse-grained synchronization. The atomic block switches from STM to lock inference at runtime as soon as a fine-grained synchronization with locks is


This study examines the relationship between gendered family roles and divorce in The Netherlands. Cultural and economic aspects of this relationship are distinguished. Economic hypotheses argue that the likelihood of divorce is increased if women work for pay and have attractive labor market resources. Cultural hypotheses argue that divorce chances are increased if women adhere to emancipatory norms, independent of their labor market positions. An event-history analysis of a life-history survey among 1,289 Dutch women reveals evidence for both hypotheses. Interaction effects are found as well: The protective effect of a traditional division of paid labor is only present among couples in which wives have traditional gender attitudes. Hence, the validity of economic explanations of divorce is conditional on cultural values. Key Words: divorce, gender roles, marital specialization, The Netherlands, women's employment. As in most other modern industrialized societies, there has been a strong increase in divorce in The Netherlands over the past decades. The increase started in the mid-1960s and ended in the mid-1980s. In those two decades, the annual number of divorces rose from a low of 2 per 1,000 married men to a high of nearly 10 per 1,000 married men. The last 10 years for which data are available reveal fluctuations in the rate, but divorce remains high and there are no signs of a trend reversal. From a cohort perspective, the trend in divorce is even more pronounced (Table 1). Divorce increased from 2% after 5 years of marriage for couples married in 1960 to about 13% for couples married in the early 1990s. Life table extrapolations show that in The Netherlands, one out of every four contemporary marriages will eventually end in divorce, which is high by any standard (De Jong, 1999). Several explanations have been offered for the increase in divorce. In this study, we focus on one explanation: the changing roles of men and women in society. The explanation of divorce in terms of women's and men's roles has both economic and cultural dimensions. From an economic perspective, gendered roles have changed in several important respects. Women have closed the gap in market resources; they now attain similar levels of education as compared to men and participate increasingly in the labor market (although in The Netherlands, primarily in part-time jobs [De Graaf & Vermeulen, 1997]). Changes are particularly marked for married women. In The Netherlands during the 1950s, 10% of married women worked for pay. This number increased to about 50% in the 1990s (Van der Lippe & Van Doorne-Huiskes, 1995). The redistribution of paid labor among men and women has been accompanied by a cultural shift in norms and values. Hand in hand with long-term processes of secularization and individualization, The Netherlands has experienced a considerable shift toward emancipatory attitudes, particularly among women. Normative acceptance of the traditional subordinate role of women has disappeared, and the virtues of gender equality and women's independence have received increasing support. Data on gender attitudes in The Netherlands show a steady movement toward more egalitarian attitudes since 1970, the earliest point of measurement (Sociaal en Cultured Planbureau, 1994). These trends closely follow the pattern observed in the United States (Thornton & Young-DeMarco, 2001). In short, the gender revolution is both economic and cultural in nature. This revolution occurred in exactly the same period as the rise in divorce, and often has been considered an important cause of rising divorce. In this article, we present hypotheses concerning the link between gender differentiation and divorce, and we develop hypotheses about how divorce probabilities depend on the interaction between the economic and cultural dimensions of gendered family roles. We test these hypotheses using individual-level data on divorce in The Netherlands from the 1950s to the 1990s. …


One of the potential operating plans considered at HAPO involved the irradiation of an E--N loading for simultaneous plutonium and tritium manufacture. The conditions of the study required that the ``25`` content of the E slugs be the maximum compatible with their recovery in existing or slightly modified separations facilities. This memorandum reviews the status of knowledge and best guesses concerning this operating scheme.


TPS158Background: Although multiple Phase I/II studies demonstrate safety and low rates of toxicity following stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to the intact prostate, there are limited data on hypofractionation and SBRT after prostatectomy. This Phase I study was performed to evaluate acute toxicity associated with dose escalation from 3.6 Gy per fraction to 7.1 Gy per fraction to the prostate bed in the post-prostatectomy treatment of prostate cancer. We hypothesize that the toxicity of escalating the dose per fraction to the prostate fossa in the post-operative setting will be well tolerated; and we expect toxicity to be comparable to normal fractionation schedules. Methods: This study (NCT02446366) was designed to look at acute toxicity, defined as toxicity that occurred within the first 10 weeks of RT, of different dose fractionation schemes in the post-prostatectomy setting. The doses chosen for dose escalation on this study are based on an equivalent biological effective dose to a previously pu...


The geosynthetic materials are extensively used in a wide range of applications in civil engineering. In this study, a nonwoven high strength geotextile which is generally utilized as a reinforcing material for earth structures and a ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) geomembrane (generally used to seal the inner face of toxic liquid tanks against leakage) are used together beneath structures for seismic isolation purposes. The dynamic interface properties of the surface formed between these two materials have been tested on small scale models by shaking table tests. The results were impressive such that the accelerations transferred to the superstructure were significantly reduced. Also, it was observed that the materials used during the research had almost no abrasion at the end of a series of experiments which revealed that the tested materials could be used for repetitive dynamic loadings.


Marketing strategy is the marketing logic based on which the business unit is expected to achieve its marketing objectives. The marketing strategy consists of making decisions about the marketing costs of the company, the marketing mix. The development and competition of the business world in the current era of globalization is getting higher. Marketing strategies with all kinds of existing theories and definitions, need real applications in the business world. Success or failure marketing strategy always gets a place and continuous evaluation. This study aims to determine the marketing strategy in developing a business based on an Islamic business perspective. The method used is qualitative based on observation, interviews, and documentation. The purpose of this research is to determine the marketing strategy according to the principles of Islamic business ethics. data collection technique is to use interview techniques, documentation and literature study.
Keywords: marketing strategy, business development, Islamic business ethics


The first transiting extrasolar planet, orbiting HD 209458, was a Doppler wobble planet before its transits were discovered with a 10 cm CCD camera. Wide-angle CCD cameras, by monitoring in parallel the light curves of tens of thousands of stars, should find hot Jupiter transits much faster than the Doppler wobble method. The discovery rate could easily rise by a factor 10. The sky holds perhaps 1000 hot Jupiters transiting stars brighter than V = 13. These are bright enough for follow-up radial velocity studies to measure planet masses to go along with the radii from the transit light curves. I derive scaling laws for the discovery potential of ground-based transit searches, and use these to assess over two dozen planetary transit surveys currently underway. The main challenge lies in calibrating small systematic errors that limit the accuracy of CCD photometry at milli-magnitude levels. Promising transit candidates have been reported by several groups, and many more are sure to follow. In the first wave of extrasolar planet discovery, Doppler wobble surveys have sustained a discovery rate of 1 or 2 planets per month since the debut of 51 Peg (Mayor & Queloz 1995). The extrasolar planet catalog now holds over 100 Doppler wobble planets, filling in the top-left quadrant of the planet mass m vs. orbit size a discovery space (Figure 1). The Doppler wobble planets have a roughly uniform distribution on the log m–log a plane, with two clear and interesting boundaries, a maximum planet mass m ∼ < 10 m J , and minimum orbit size a ∼ > 0.03 AU (P > 3 d). In their second decade, Doppler surveys will extend the catalog to larger orbits and push down to somewhat lower masses as precision radial velocities improve from 3 to 1 m s −1. A second wave, the hot Jupiter discovery era, is fast approaching. The Doppler wobble surveys establish that hot Jupiters, with P ∼ 4 d and a ∼ 0.05 AU, are orbiting around ∼ 1% of nearby sun-like stars. A fraction of these, P t ≈ R ⋆ /a ∼ 10%, will have orbital inclinations close enough to edge-on so that the planet transits in front of its star. We may therefore expect that 1 star 1


This article has in scope to analyze the intersemiotics traits revealed in the discursive ethos in Catimbau song. We seek to ascertain to what extent these traits reveal identity aspects and socio-cultural practices of countrified man in moda de viola, which can be considered a major musical and discursive practices of Brazilian culture. We selected as the analysis corpus , the Catimbau song, taken here as discourse, composed by Teddy Vieira and Carreirinho and recorded by musicians and instrumentalists Tiao Carreiro and Pardinho. From this text, apart seven indentations in the linear process of Brazilian songbook narrative. Separate statements are intended to mobilize the intersemiotics plan for us here cited, however the speech contained in the overall plan of the song will be taken in the field of countrified narrative, that is, and the socio-cultural practice known as moda de viola. Said that, it is necessary to know that, to handle for the purpose of analysis, we mobilize one dialectics of theoretical frameworks arising from the Discourse Analysis and Semiotics Song. The first, based on studies of enunciation-discursive perspective of Dominique Maingueneau, we mobilize the category of scenography and ethos . The second, in Semiotics of the theoretical framework Song studied Luiz Tatit, we operate with the author calls the general project of diction of the songweiter, namely: the figurativization, passionalization and relay the dominance of one process over the other. The analysis of corpus selected reveals that the utterer is invested an ethos that values the identity practices and socio-discursive practices housed in the discursive memory of the listener/coenunciator. Indeed, we are facing a socio-cultural and discursive musical file of society, ultimately, an intangible heritage of Brazilian culture. Keywords: moda de viola, intersemiotics traits, discursive Ethos .


The traditional price theory approach to bilateral monopoly in wage determination is insufficient and need to be completed by incorporation of formerly «neglected » factors. The contribution of labour economics is particularly valuable in this respect. The theory of games also, in its present form, is insufficient as it uses an inappropriate analogy between bilateral mono¬ poly and parlour games. This paper introduces two other factors as elements of bilateral monopoly ; correspeclion and conflict, and applies them to the study of bilateral monopoly situation in organized labour markets.


Abstract On closed manifolds, gradient and Hessian a priori estimates for fully nonlinear Yamabe problems are known to hold. On manifolds with boundary, gradient estimates are known to hold, while Hessian estimates hold if the prescribed mean curvature is positive. Examples are given here which show that Hessian estimates can fail when the mean curvature is negative.


In the multi-core platform that secondary processor core does not have a direct WAN connectivity, how secondary core, to be able to provide a DNS resolution service for the network application or attached client device and device is described. In an exemplary embodiment, the main processor core having a direct WAN connectivity (150.1) has DNS forwarding device (352), the DNS forwarder was obtained from the WAN side DHCP server impart the DNS server IP address information to the platform sub-processing core. Each secondary core requests the DNS information to the main core DNS forwarder (352), receiving the information, made available the information to the DNS resolution module of its own operating system (363) to implement a compatible DNS forwarder client (362). Additionally or alternatively, the primary core DNS forwarder (352), following the primary core DHCP client lease renewal of (renewal), the DNS server information updated may be pushed to the secondary core.


This article presents an ensemble decision tree–based random forest regression methodology for remaining useful life prediction of spur gears subjected to pitting failure mode. The random forest regression methodology does not require an elaborate statistics background knowledge and has an inbuilt health indicator selection capability compared to other existing data-driven remaining useful life prediction approaches. A correlation coefficient parameter based on the residual vibration signal is used for monitoring and detecting the pitting progression in spur gears. The effectiveness of the correlation coefficient of the residual vibration signal is assessed over the other existing health indicators for pitting fault progression. To show the inbuilt best health indicator selection capability of the random forest regression model, initially, eight indicators (existing seven and the correlation coefficient of the residual vibration signal) were used for model training. In addition, the effect of fusing the vibration sensor data from multiple positions on the gearbox on prediction accuracy of the random forest regression model is also evaluated. The accuracy in the remaining useful life prediction is found to increase after fusing the correlation coefficient of the residual vibration signal based health indicator derived from the accelerometers located at multiple positions on the gearbox in comparison to data from a single accelerometer. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed methodology is tested and proven using five accelerated run-to-failure experimental data collected from the specially built test rig.


In a former article* the introduction of Scolia manilae into, and its establishment in, the Hawaiian Islands was described. At that time the wasp was well established but its host, Anomala orientalis , was very abundant and doing great damage.

*Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., X, p.207 (1917).


C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein that may increase in response to various inflammatory conditions or infections in human and animals. It has been suggestive to use CRP levels to diagnose, monitor and prognose canine inflammatory diseases; however, its practical uses remain obscure. We have comparatively demonstrated the use of CRP, total white blood cell (WBC) counts and neutrophil counts to monitor the progression of four canine common disorders, including acute pancreatitis, acute abdomen syndrome, neoplastic diseases and pyometra. A total of 52 cases were included in this study. The CRP concentration, complete blood count and protein profile were measured before and on days 1, 2 of hospitalization, day of discharge and the day of follow-up visit. Statistical analyses indicated that CRP is the only parameter with elevated concentrations significantly differ among different days. None of the clinicopathological variables correlated well with serum CRP concentrations except for visual negative correlation to albumin. Differential efficiencies were observed when using CRP and total WBC counts to monitor the four disorders. The CRP and total WBC counts were equally efficient in monitoring pyometra and neoplastic disease patients, while in acute pancreatitis and acute abdomen syndrome, the use of CRP was clearly advantageous. Overall, CRP is a more sensitive marker showing an evident up-and-down trend and with greater degree of responses than total WBC and neutrophil counts, which enable CRP a better quantitative analysis of disease progression. In conclusion, CRP levels exhibit various degrees of clinical potential to monitor the development and treatment progress of canine diseases with inflammatory components. The inclusion of other inflammatory biomarkers and the study of CRP isoforms warrant further investigation.


On 3 September 1939 Britain declared war on Germany.1 The following day the colonial secretary of British Guiana, G.D. Owen, moved a motion of loyalty to the British monarchy in the Legislative Council. The motion stated: "That the Legislative Council of British Guiana on behalf of the inhabitants of the colony beg leave to lay before Your Majesty on the outbreak of the war with Germany an expression of our humble duty to your Majesty and our unfailing loyalty to the throne."2 The motion was seconded by E.G. Woolford and was to be transmitted to the secretary of state for the colonies. Following this declaration other pledges of loyalty were made by the British Guiana Sick Nurses and Dispensers' Association. A resolution to this effect was passed at a meeting of the association held on 31 May 1940.3 Other resolutions were passed by the employers and employees of the Town Hall, and the British Guiana Teachers' Association.4British Guiana's financial contribution to the war effort started not long after the war commenced. Its contribution is significant when the economic conditions are taken into consideration. During the war Guianese and other Caribbean peoples experienced a number of hardships, including food shortages, increased cost of living and black-marketing. The factors responsible for these conditions were the disruption of shipping due to the war, the adoption of the imperial war policy of reduction of imports, and the Caribbean's long dependence on food imports which retarded local food production.5 British Guiana experienced steep rises in the cost of living which caused severe hardship. Between 1938 and 1944, the cost of food rose by 54 percent in Georgetown and 68 percent on the sugar estates in the rural areas.6 The cost of living index moved from 100 in 1938 to 161 in 1945 in the city, while in the rural areas, it rose from 100 in 1938 to 190 in 1945.7 Imported goods and food were scarce, rationed and expensive due to hoarding practices of shopkeepers.8 Despite these conditions, Guianese made a valiant attempt to contribute to the war effort.Reginald G. Humphrey, merchant and proprietor of Humphrey Jewellery and Hairdressing Establishment, was the first to donate his collection of rare gold coins and a gold snuff box to the British Red Cross Mansion House Fund.9 He requested that the fifty-five coins and snuff box be valued at Christies in London and sold for the benefit of the Fund.10 The collection included South American, French, Spanish, American and British coins, and a medallion which was struck to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria. In 1939, Boodhoo, a rice farmer of Windsor Forest, West Coast Demerara, donated nine thousand pounds of rice to the United Kingdom.11 The rice was sent to His Majesty's Forces overseas and to destitute persons in London, the Army, the Red Cross and Moorfield Hospital, London, between 1939 and 1941.The leprosy hospital remitted $187 to the Mobile Canteen Fund in 1940. In 1941 the Public Servants also contributed $2,070 for a canteen but this was later used to "furnish huts on anti-aircraft sites at Pembroke dock and Swansea".12 The Young Men's Christian Association also sent five mobile canteens with $8,468.06 to the United Kingdom through a Canteen Fund organized by Mrs W.S. Jones.13 Mrs Jones was the wife of William Stanley Jones, a managing director of Booker Brothers, McConnell and Company Limited, and of several other local companies.14 During 1942, the Guianese people continued to support the war effort by donating generously to various funds. R.G. Humphrey donated £250 for the purchase of a mobile canteen, while children from the elementary schools offered £59 to the Overseas Tobacco Fund.15Other funds to which Guianese contributed were the Bomber Fund, the Royal Air Force Benevolent Fund, the Czechoslovak Red Cross Fund, the British Guiana Servicemen's Leave Fund, the Chinese Red Cross Fund, the Help the Children Fund, the King George's Fund for Sailors and the Red Cross Aid to Russia Fund. …


Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumour f in children and young adults. The annual incidence is 65 case year which represents 5% of all childhood cancers (0.5 case 100 000 per year). Non-metastatic osteosarcoma is curr curable in about 70% of cases. These guidelines do not relate to radiation-induced osteo coma or that occurring in Paget's disease. They were validat December 1998 and will be updated according to the publica of new data.


The management of a venous ulcer is determined by the level of exudate, presence (or absence) of infection, condition of the wound bed, ulcer size and the condition of the peri-ulcer tissue. If necrotic or sloughy tissue is present, this must be debrided to prevent infection and promote healing. Subsequently, exudate is controlled, healing stimulated by wound bed preparation and the wound protected by a dressing.


What sort of things does the FAA want to confirm that you know? Not, as it turns out, a lot of the technical nitty-gritty of operating a drone. Instead, the test focuses on things of greater significance to "real" pilots, like an understanding of different classes of air space and how to decipher the telegraphic weather reports for aviators. There is also a slew of details to memorize about the FAA's regulations. Question: What special requirements come into play if you operate a drone during civil twilight? Answer: You need to use anticollision lights. Question: What do you do if you have to deviate from the rules in the interest of safety? Answer: Inform the FAA if the FAA requests it. (Figuring out why the FAA would ever ask to be informed about something it has no knowledge of remains an exercise for the student.) Question: How long do you have after permanently changing your mailing address to inform the FAA? Answer: 30 days.


The study with title of "Character Based Education Islamic Elementary School in Al Mujtamak of Pamekasan" have to explore the character based education model in Islamic Elementary School Al Mujtamak of Pamekasan. This study is qualitative with the aim of exploratory research which is the main instrument to acquire and explore the breadth and depth of data. The result of this study showed that the character based education model in elementary school Al Mujtamak of Pamekasan using character based education culture design and is supported by character based education community design, through moral values and religious that are implicitly to all eyes lessons. In practice, the teacher plays a very important because teachers must be able to create a conducive atmosphere for learning and be able to set an example in the formation of student character.


The authors identified tumor, treatment, and patient characteristics that may contribute to differences in breast cancer (BC) mortality by race, rurality, and area‐level socioeconomic status (SES) among women diagnosed with stage IIIB–IV BC in Georgia.


An instrument is described which has the property of accurately measuring the magnitude of magnetic field to 0.05 μgauss at the center of a set of Helmholtz coils while simultaneously reducing by a factor of 600 stray fluctuations of the field caused by drift in the earth's magnetic field, power supply anomalies, and external magnetic noise generated by the motion of magnetic material. The device utilizes an optically pumped metastable helium magnetometer which senses the total magnetic field. The output signal of the magnetometer is used to control the current in the Helmholtz coils. The new features of this device are (a) its ability to discern and hence control magnetic field variations at the microgauss level and (b) its scalar character enabling the field control to be accomplished with a single set of coils


Objective
To evaluate the changes of urodynamics in female patients with diabetic cystopathy.

Methods
Fifty six female patients with diabetic cystopathy were enrolled in the study, including 31 cases with diabetic course <15 years (group Ⅰ) and 25 cases with diabetic course ≥15 years (group Ⅱ) . Urodynamic examination was performed in all patients and the urodynamic parameters were compared between two groups.

Results
The average residual urine volume, the volume of first bladder sensation and the max bladder capacity in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were (35±16)ml and (65±24) ml, (220±76)ml and (330±88)ml, (380±92)ml and (580±122)ml, respectively; 3 out 31 and 16 out of 25 patients in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ showed low compliance. The above indexes between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.01).

Conclusion
Urodynamics can indicate the severity of functional damage of urinary bladder in patients with diabetic cystopathy.

Key words:
Urodynamics; Urinary, bladder, nearogenic; Diabetesmellitus; Female


The design and features of a sealed-off proportional scintillation gas-filled detector (GSPC) are described. The use of a 50 µm Be window and an Xe-based gas mixture provides high efficiency of registration in the range 1.5–25 keV. The energy resolution changes from 18% for Al Kα (1.49 keV) to 4.2% for Ag Kα (22.2 keV). When the count rate on the unit output is 5 × 104 s−1, the energy resolution at the Mn Kα line does not exceed 9% at an entrance window area near 3 cm2. The detector is operated at room temperature and does not require maintenance during operation. The service life of the detector is over 5 years and the radiation lifetime is practically unlimited. The detector is designed for use in EDXRF spectrometers instead of gas-filled proportional counters. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


the data that it was tested are commonly a series of discrete sampling data in CAT . How do this data can be converted into a smoothy curve seemly with no disorder and also make it print out? This paper presents a method which can do the conversion above the Function of 3order sampling interpolation. At the same time , This paper also presents the limitation of the method and its improvent. As a result, a very smoothy curve can be obtained.


GPU-based clusters are an attractive option for parallel volume rendering. One of the key issues in parallel volume rendering is load balancing, keeping a balanced workload per node is essential for improving performance. A good number of dynamic load balancing schemes have been proposed throughout the years. However, most of these approaches require runtime dynamic data movement or data duplication. For the large datasets routinely generated by scientific applications, frequent data transfer can be prohibitively expensive. In this work, we propose a static load balancing scheme. By optimizing data placement, a balanced workload can be achieved with minimal or no data movement, therefore improving the rendering speed and user experience.


Introduction: The toothbrush is considered the most effective instrument for the removal of biofilm, a major etiological factor in the development of caries and periodontal disease [1]. Toothbrushes are often stored in the bathroom, next to the sink and the toilet, and may be exposed to various types of bacteria, harboring potentially harmful microorganisms [2]. It is therefore extremely important that toothbrushes are stored in a suitable place, and undergo frequent disinfection, in order to prevent the growth of microorganisms. The bristles can, therefore, be contaminated thanks to the oral cavity itself or the surrounding environment. [3] The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial contamination of covered (CT) versus uncovered toothbrushes (UT). Materials and methods: After study approval by the Ethics Committee of the Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Egas Moniz (Protocol 587), students of Dentistry at Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz were invited to participate in this study. Inclusion criteria: being capable of performing daily oral hygiene and signing the informed consent. Exclusion criteria: not following the protocol or being under the effect of antibiotics or antifungals. Following the informed consent, each participant was given a toothbrush and instructions regarding its use of oral hygiene, for 3 weeks. The participants were divided by simple random sampling, in two groups of 15 participants each, according to the toothbrush being covered or uncovered. After the 3 weeks period, the toothbrushes were collected and processed in order to evaluate the microbial content. They were submerged in a sterile saline solution which was used to inoculate different culture medium. Results: The sample was composed of 30 students, 77% of them women, with an average age of 21.9 (±1.7) years. All the CT (100%) showed viable aerobic microorganisms isolates (2.3 × 106 ± 2.2 × 106 cfu/toothbrush), but on UT only 93.3% presented microorganisms growth (1.2 × 106 ± 1.9 × 106). No beta hemolytic microorganisms were found in both CT and UT, and alfa hemolytic were found only in CT (20%). Staphylococcus mannitol positive were found on 66.6% of CT and 53.3% of UT. Oral Streptococci were isolated in 37.3% of CT, and in 30.6% of UT. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated in both CT and UT in an identical percentage (33.3%), being E. coli isolated in a higher percentage in CT (20% vs. 6.6% on UT). Candida albicans was only isolated on UT (on 6.6% of samples). Discussion and conclusions: Our results show that toothbrushes were heavily contaminated with different microorganisms, and suggest that contamination does not depend on toothbrush covering.


This study analyzes the relationship between governmental financial support and university performance to determine whether the former enhances the latter or if universities enhance performance to attain government financial support. The types of financial support to universities considered in this study include those from central and local governments. University performance is defined in terms of the job-finding rates of students, number of publications in South Korean academic journals per full-time faculty member, and number of publications in SCI journals per full-time faculty member. This study uses financial support data of 148 universities from 2009 to 2017. To investigate the relationship between university financial support and performance, we use panel Granger causality testing and panel vector auto-regressive modeling. The results show that both central and local governmental financial support have an endogenous association with students' job-finding rates. However, local governmental financial support and research performance show a reverse causality association.


Single longitudinal mode operation of laterally coupled distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes (LDs) based on GaN containing 10th-order surface Bragg gratings with V-shaped grooves is demonstrated using i-line stepper lithography and inductively coupled plasma etching. A threshold current of 82 mA, a slope efficiency of 1.7 W/A, a single peak emission at 404.5 nm with a full width at half maximum of 0.04 nm and a side mode suppression ratio of > 23 dB at an output power of about 46 mW were achieved under pulsed operation. The shift of the lasing wavelength of DFB LDs with temperature was around three times smaller than that of conventional ridge waveguide LDs.


Eileen Chang is known as a famous novelist in China in 1940s;however,few readers know that she is also a distinguished bilingual writer and translator.She translates and self-translates numerous works.Jin Suo Ji is her masterpiece,in which she spent twenty-eight years rewriting and translating.Her hope of entering American literature field by this work scatters as a result of readers' unacceptance.Therefore,this paper intends to exploit the underlying reasons for Jin Suo Ji's frustration in English speaking countries from the perspective of self-translation development and tragedy narration in China and western countries in order to arouse more researchers' concern for this phenomenon.


In most models of traffic flow, the car density p is the only free parameter in determining the average car velocity . The critical car density p c , which is defined to be the car density separating the jamming phase (with =0) and the moving phase (with >0), is an important physical quantity to investigate. By means of simple statistical argument, we show that p c 2) dimensions.


The energy conservation and the exhaustion reduction have significance for the aluminum industry,particularly the primary aluminum production enterprises,for it is not only a high consumption industry of energy,but also a heavy exhaustion one of the greenhouse gases.Although the average energy consumption per unit of product from the downstream ones of the aluminum industry is just the one-eighteenth of that of the upstream product,they must be one of the key industries of the energy conservation,for both their total energy consumption and production quantity are high.The development of the isothermal melting furnace for aluminum alloys was carried out by the following units—Arboge Technology Company,Aleris Aluminum Company,Delake Sale University,Agong National Laboratory and,its fund was allocated by the American Ministry Of Energy.Comparison with the present common reverberatory,the isothermal melting furnace can decrease 70% of the energy,80% of the waste exhaustion,and four percentage points of the melting loss of the aluminum metal.It has successfully gone through the trial industrial production in the United States and its expanding trial work and the development of the larger industrial furnace are now performing.It is predicated that by 2010 about 20% of the downstream products of aluminum in America will probably produced by this melting technology.The casting and the die casting industries will be the first ones to employ this technology.This technology isn't confined to the use in aluminum industry,but applicable for others metallurgical sectors as melting glass.


This paper offers a conception of life history research on the basis of a notion of social experience and ambivalence, which sees the learning of the emerging/visible subject as dynamics of cultural and social meaning making. Referring to a tradition of empirical cultural analysis it outlines a theoretical framework to understand the relation between social practice, language and learning. The key concepts of subjectivity and experience, derived from European critical theory, are briefly introduced with respect to their intellectual background. It is a framework based in psychoanalytical and critical social theory, and suggests that the individual learning biography can best be analyzed as a recording of the individual subject's participation in language games and social practice in a specific societal situation. Based on examples from the author's research into the professional learning, the article outlines the implications of these concepts in relation to an understanding of emotional aspects of learning in everyday life and to an understanding of knowledge. The pivotal role of language use and language socialisation is explained in brief, and a psychodynamic complement to a language game concept of language use is developed.


Bearing surface defect detection and classification methods based on machine vision have been widely used in bearing quality inspection due to their high-speed, high-precision, and non-contact advantages. However, traditional machine vision algorithms have low reusability and their development processes are often expensive and time consuming. Several deep learning-based bearing surface defect detection methods have been proposed. However, these deep learning models often require a large number of datasets, which is often difficult to achieve in the actual industry. Transfer learning provides a promising solution to the small sample difficulties associated with deep learning. However, the complexity of the illumination conditions and the huge differences between bearing dataset and ImageNet dataset make it impossible to use the current single model-based transfer learning for bearing defect detection. In this study, we propose a novel transitive transfer learning convolutional neural network (CNN) ensemble framework for classifying bearing surface defects. Only small-scale datasets are needed in this framework. A transfer path and transfer method selection strategy for transitive transfer learning is then proposed to train the deep learning models, which enhances the feature extraction ability of the CNN models on the basis of multiple illuminations. Ablation experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed transitive transfer learning CNN ensemble framework has the accuracy rate of 97.51%. The average time for detecting each bearing is 155 ms, which can meet the requirements of industrial online detection.


In this work, we demonstrate deposition of micro-arrays of ZnSe nanospheres on Si (100) substrate using simple thermal evaporation on a self-assembled sacrificial polystyrene (PS) mask. The results have been compared with the deposition on unpatterned gold catalyst- and SU-8 (negative photoresist)-coated Si substrates. The deposited ZnSe nanospheres properties were characterised by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman, photoluminescence, and UV-vis spectroscopies. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the films exhibited reflection corresponding to the cubic (111) phase and showed polycrystallinity with a cubic (zinc blende) structure. The SEM and AFM images indicated that the particles were well dispersed and spherical in shape. The micro-arrays of ZnSe nanospheres on a self-assembled sacrificial PS mask showed excellent structural, morphological, and optical properties and demonstrated its usage in photovoltaic devices as an improved superior antireflective coating. The reflectance of the micro-arrays of ZnSe nanospheres on a self-assembled sacrificial PS mask decreased to nearly half of that of the ZnSe nanospheres fabricated on Au- and SU-8-coated Si substrates in the range of 300–800 nm. Due to the well aligned and patterned surfaces, these noble textured ZnSe nanospheres may be suitable for low cost, large area photovoltaic devices and other antireflection applications.


Children with IgG2 deficiency commonly develop recurrent acute otitis media. It is believed that these infections are secondary to impaired antibody response rather than eustachian tube dysfunction and are therefore less responsive to treatment with tympanostomy tubes.


Struvite is known to form a hard scale in specific areas of wastewater treatment plants. Besides causing problems; struvite can also be used as a fertilizer. Good and reliable solubility data is essential for controlling the crystallisation of struvite. One of the important factors that affect the crystallisation of struvite is solution pH. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate initial solution pH on the solubility and morphology of struvite crystals. Methodology used in this study was to dissolve struvite crystals in aqueous solutions at various initial pH. The equilibrium solution pH of struvite dissolution was found to stay within the range of 8 to 11. This pH can be used to predict struvite formation in the solution. A study was also made to investigate of the morphology of the struvite crystals were affected when they were exposed to solutions at different initial pH values. The original struvite crystals and other residual crystals after the solubility test were examined by both SEM and EDS. It was found that the shapes of crystals were amorphous, rhombohedral, and hexagonal for initial pH 3, 7, and 11, respectively, and pH 5 and 9 platelets and spherical resulted, respectively.


Selenium is a multi-functional trace element essential for diverse organisms. SenB is a Se-glycosyltransferase that incorporates selenium into small molecules in the selenoneine biosynthesis pathway and is also the only known Se-glycosyltransferase in nature. Although the biochemical function of SenB has been investigated, its substrate speci�city, structure, and catalytic mechanism remain unclear. Here, we revealed that SenB exhibits sugar donor speci�city and promiscuity and can utilize six UDP-sugars to generate selenosugars. The crystal structures of SenB complexed with four different UDP-sugars were solved. The residues N20, T23, and E231 were proven as the key elements that determine the sugar donor promiscuity of SenB. Structure-guided mutagenesis further revealed a novel catalytic triad H58/D86/K158 in SenB, which accounts for the C-Se glycosidic bond formation and Se-P bond cleavage during the Se-glycosylation process. Furthermore, we mined, functionally and structurally characterized two other novel Se-glycosyltransferase, CbSenB and RsSenB, which also exhibit sugar donor promiscuity.


A series of peripheral and axial substituted germanium(IV) and tin(IV) phthalocyanines substituted by fluoro, chloro, nitro or phenoxy groups were prepared and characterized by their absorption spectra in solution and in polymer matrices. Multi-layer films of PMMA and PVC containing monomolecular Ge(IV) or Sn(IV) phthalocyanines were obtained by spin-coating from solution on glass plates. Optical limiting properties of these phthalocyanines in solution and in polymer films were investigated using the Z-scan technique at 532 nm. A known indium(III) phthalocyanine was also investigated to compare its optical limiting behavior with the Ge(IV) and Sn(IV) containing compounds. Ge(IV) and Sn(IV) phthalocyanines exhibit a better optical limiting performance in polymer matrices than in solution, which is interesting for practical applications.


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A systematic evaluation of UV-photochemical generation of volatile iodine species for detection by ICP-MS is described. Several UV-based systems were studied, the most advantageous design being a modified cyclonic spray chamber fitted with a 6 W mercury pen lamp supplying 1 ml min−1 sample to a glass concentric nebulizer. Optimal conditions utilized a 5% v/v solution of acetic acid as the generation medium. The presence of the UV field enhanced signal intensity approximately 40-fold, providing a (blank limited) limit of detection of 0.7 pg ml−1127I+ and a precision of replicate measurement of 4% RSD at 10 ng ml−1 iodine. Using DRC technology and O2 as the reaction gas, suppression of 129Xe+ provided an estimated LOD of 6 fg ml −1129I+ in aqueous samples.


Sphaerodactylus ladae and S. perissodactylius are described from xeric habitats on the south slope of the Sierra Martin Garcia in Hispaniola. The affinities of S. ladae are unclear. Pattern and dorsal scale structure ally S. perissodactylius with S. streptophorus and its relatives: S. cryphius, S. omoglaux, S. armstrongi, and S. nycteropus.


Objective To explore the feasibility of protocols using Sinerem and transfection agents for in vivo magnetic labeling of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) as a basis of the clinical application of MRI. Methods Under the sterile condition,the rat bone marrow stromal cells were harvested by means of density gradient centrifugation following a thighbone puncture. Sinerem-poly-L-lysine (SE-PLL) complexes were used to label BMSCs magnetically. The efficiency and cellular viability of SE-PLL labeled BMSCs were evaluated by Prussian blue staining,electron microscopy,and trypan blue dye exclusion test. The proliferation and differentiation ability of SE-PLL labeling BMSCs were also investigated. Rats underwent transplantation of labeled BMSCs into the left caudate putamen and non-labeled cells were transplanted into the right part as controls. In vivo MRI examination was conducted on rat brains 1,4,and 7 w after the transplantation. Serial histological Prussian blue staining in sections corresponding to SE-PLL labeled BMSCs slices showed on MRI was performed. Results BMSCs could be effectively labeled and labeling efficiency was about 99%. Prussian blue staining showed numerous blue stained fine particles in the cytoplasm of SE-PLL labeled BMSCs.Transmission electron microscopy of SE-PLL labeled BMSCs revealed the presence of numerous vesicles which were filled with the electron-dense magnetic iron particles. Cell viability,proliferation and differentiation ability of labeled cell were not affected by endosomal incorporation of Sinerem nanoparticles compared to that of unlabeled cells in control. MRI showed remarkable low signal in the left brain transplanted with labeled BMSCs and no signal change in contralateral brain. MRI was correlated with histopathological Prussian staining for iron. Conclusion The results suggest that Sinerem might be used to label BMSCs in vitro which makes it a possibility of in vivo tracking of Sinerem labeled BMSCs after transplantation.


ABSTRACT In the spring of 2007, a small number of empty valves from the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck), were observed at several locations in Pomquet Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada. Snorkeling surveys at selected sites in the harbor were carried out in spring 2007, summer 2007, and spring 2008. Scallop densities were very low in all sampling times, ranging between 0.04 and 0.053 scallops/m2. The size distributions from 2007 suggested a single cohort of 0 + individuals, with one 1 + scallop. The 2008 samples were predominantly 1 + scallops, with five 0 + individuals. Four marked scallops from 2007 were collected alive in 2008, demonstrating their ability to overwinter. These scallops had an average daily growth rate of 0.08 mm/day from July 2007 to May 2008. A thermistor deployed in the same eelgrass beds indicated that the scallops survived extended periods of time with temperatures below 0°C. In 2013, four of the sites were surveyed again, and dramatic increases in density were recorded, averaging 1.713 scallops/m2. The bay scallops in Pomquet Harbour probably represent an incidental introduction, as larvae, from aquaculture operations ∼80 km to the north.


A pigment, a pigment dispersing agent, and water, and an organic solvent, containing a binder resin, wherein the pigment dispersant has an anionic group, the solubility in water of not more than 0.1 g / 100 ml, the number average molecular weight is in the range of 1000 to 6000, acid number printing agent is a polymer (a) is in the range of 40~400mgKOH / g, and fabric material which stamped indicia the printing agent to the fabric. Wherein the polymer (A) is preferably a polymer represented by the general formula (1). (1) (In formula (1), A


Hydrophobic membrane can provide fast mass transfer for absorption-desorption of gasesform liquid to absorbent.The removal of ammonia from ammonia water and absorption with dilutesulphuric acid was studied in a pilot plant with polypropylene hollow fiber column,The removalrate and influences of operation temperature,flow rate and concentration on mass transferperformances were discussed mathematically.Experimental results and computer calculation show thatthe ammonia removal rate is not affected by the feed concentration for a given system.Both partialand overall mass transfer coefficients vary along the axis of the fiber,and the mass transfer for themembrane process is controlled by membrane resistance.


Lymphocyte typing (DLA typing) will be indispensable in the future for the transplantation research in dogs. For reliable cytotoxicity testing, a nearly pure suspension of fully viable lymphocytes is