The control chart presented in TID-26298- Statistical Methods in Nuclear Materials Control'' is discussed with the prirmary emphasis being an investigation of the conditions under which the special control chart represents an advantage over the somewhat simpler standard control chart. (TFD)


Thank you very much for downloading headhunting in the solomon islands around the coral sea. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this headhunting in the solomon islands around the coral sea, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their laptop.


Summary
When drilling the top hole section in deep water regions, alternative methods to the conventional riserless drilling system may be employed to avoid the "Pump and Dump" strategy. Convention ...


Movie clothing is what is recreated as a character in work after being worn for actors (or actresses). And, it is not added for heightening only fantasy but it acts for reinforcing the side of character or subject. Especially, the clothing in color movie gets to have very psychological effect. Thus, According to the clothing, the effect of the representation style may become large and small. So as to make the gesture or attitude of each character valuable in accordance with the action and expression of the figure, clothing is different from other device essentially. One may attain various goals through the color of movie clothing. First, movie clothing may show the vogue color of the time and the representative time color. Second, the color of movie clothing helps one to able to recognize the socio-economic position of character easily as the color to symbolize the specific jobs such as nurse, soldier and doctor etc. Third, the color of movie clothing may show the character temperament as to whether one is young or old and whether one has pessimistic temperament or one is extrovert or introversive etc. easily. Fourth, setting the clothing color of hero as the color to set off helps it easy to distinguish from representation staffs. Fifth, the whole color establishment of movie clothing gives help to expressing the atmosphere of movie. Color is one of the most powerful means that the person in charge of clothing may express the character of movie. He(or she) should express the feature of a wearer with the colors of each clothing through showing the lack of taste of characters or hinting the resistant character with the clothing color which is not suitable for situation or the conservative character with suppressed color etc. Thus, he (or she) should express the clothing color which is suitable for being able to express each character by analyzing the work whole through script and grasping the character of each character so as establish the clothing which is suitable for individual character.


Nowadays ever-more demanding regulations adopted in maritime industry encourage development of various technologies which are of prime importance in order to tackle environmental pollution and limited resources of fossil fuels. In this respect an electric propulsion system, in a field of special applications, is an effective way of propulsion and has been used widely in a supply vessels, ice breakers, research vessels, etc. Recently, however, electrical propulsion has found application in wider type of ships owing to better energy management and resulted fuel savings, improved maneuverability and machinery space design flexibility facilitating adaptation of the energy efficient hull design. The history of electric propulsion accounts for more than 100 years and in the end of 19th century the electric motor directly connected to a generator was used as a speed reduction and reversion device to transmit power from high speed steam turbine to low speed propeller. The control was arranged by excitation adjustment. After certain period of Diesel engine design development, the interest to electric propulsion had been lost. Later in the middle of 20th century electric propulsion again found application upon icebreakers, research ships and other specialized type of ships. Since then the configuration and performance of electrical propulsion has significantly evolved [1] and historical evolution is briefly summarized in Table 1. Typical configuration of present electrical propulsion system includes Diesel engines driving synchronous generators for power production, induction motors driving fixed pitch or controllable pitch propellers and various auxiliary power consumers connected to a common constant frequency/voltage bus. Propulsion motor speed and power can be controlled by means of various types of variable frequency drives [2] such as Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) with Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) voltage output, Load Commutated Inverters (LCI) or Cycloconverters. However, these are very much depended on the recent development of various electric devices and power electronics, moreover limited production and requirements for maritime application increases equipment cost and number of machinery components which contrast with benefits offered by the electric propulsion. Therefore, looking through the past and present perspective of electric propulsion system, a novel concept of Direct Drive Electric Propulsion (DDEP) is proposed, combining the merits of present systems and the simplicity of predecessor. The concept of DDEP consists of a Diesel engine driving a synchronous generator (SG) which directly feeds an induction motor Novel Concept of Inverter-less Electric Drive for Ship Propulsion System*


Peach samples were pre-treated with microwave at 90, 270, 450, 720 and 900 W for 30, 60, 90 and 120 s, and juice browning was investigated during processing and storage. Polyphenol oxidase activity and ammonia nitrogen content decreased with microwave power enhancement or treatment time. The acidity of the peach samples initially decreased and then increased with prolonged treatment. The peach samples treated at 270 W preserved more polyphenol. The peach samples pre-treated at 270 W for 90 s or 450 W for 30 s demonstrated a reduction in peach juice browning. After 45 d of storage at room temperature, the juice colour value of the peach samples treated at 270 W for 90 s or 450 W for 30 s was 143.3% or 131.8% higher than that of the control samples, respectively. Microwave pre-treatment is a reasonable processing method for the effective prevention of peach juice browning.


To test the efficacy of topically applied tretinoin eye-drops in the treatment of squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium associated with dry-eye, the authors evaluated the impression cytology of a total of 31 patients


Objective To discuss the effect of Hyperbaric-oxygen therapy with electoacupuncture on cognition rehabilitation of the patients with craniocerbral injury.Methods 102 cases with cognition dysfunction after craniocerbral injury were randomly divided into 2 groups:the treatment group and control group.Both groups received routine treatment while Hyperbaric-oxygen therapy with electoacupuncture was added to the treatment group.The activities of daily living(ADL) and cognition were assessed by NCSE and Barthel's ADL before and after treatment.Results There existed a great difference between the scores of ADL and Barthel's ADL before and after treatment and between the 2 groups(P0.05),the score showed that the rehabilitation of the ADL and cognition in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P0.05).Conclusions Hyperbaric-oxygen therapy with electoacupuncture can improve the cognition of the patients with craniocerbral injury and can promote the rehabilitation of the ADL of the patients.


The growth of the online shopping market increases the need for fashion retailers todevelop a robust multi-channel strategy, integrating areas of retail design in order tocreate a consistent and robust environmental visual identity. This paper will address theareas of design within both the physical retail store and the online fashion retailenvironment, identifying key factors of the environment stimuli perceived by theconsumer to identify and analyse differences that exist between the environmentalresponses regarding multi-channel retail environment design. The results from primarydata research concluded that the design is not perceived consistently across bothchannels, and the physical store design factors are perceived more favourably than theonline design.


Programming by example allows users to create programs without coding, by simply specifying input and output pairs. We introduce the problem of digital signal processing programming by example (DSP-PBE), where users specify input and output wave files, and a tool automatically synthesizes a program that transforms the input to the output. This program can then be applied to new wave files, giving users a new way to interact with music and program code. We formally define the problem of DSP-PBE, and provide a first implementation of a solution that can handle synthesis over commutative filters.


Here we solve a discrete one-dimensional traffic flow problem by mapping the allowed sets of car trajectories onto a line representation of the five-vertex model configurations. The fundamental flow diagram, obtained previously in a grand canonical ensemble, is rederived. Fluctuations of the flow are described quantitatively and two critical exponents are defined. The zero-density limit is studied by considering an ensemble of single directed self-avoiding loops on a finite torus.


Glucocorticoids play an important role in cardiac physiology. Chronic exposure and higher doses may cause adverse effects on the myocardium, especially in young patients receiving long‐term therapy.


Introduction: Despite significant improvement in health status in Malaysia, the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) in newborns remained unchanged over the past 12 years. In the past decade, there have been assumptions regarding the potential etiologic association of psychosocial factors with LBW. It is widely believed that only mothers are affected by depression and anxiety during pregnancy. However, this study aimed to investigate the independent effects of paternal antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms on LBW newborns in Kuantan, Pahang. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study of 450 expectant fathers was carried out in six conveniently selected government health clinics in Kuantan, Pahang. Paternal antepartum depressive symptoms were assessed using Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and anxiety symptoms using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and they were followed-up until delivery. Newborn birth weight of singleton live babies delivered at term (≥37 weeks) were recorded to the nearest 0.1kg from Infant and Child Health Record. Descriptive analysis along with chi-square and independent sample t-test were carried out together with multiple logistic regression model to identify predictors of LBW. Results: After adjusting for potential cofounders, paternal depressive (OR=4.29; 95% CI 1.17-15.72) and paternal anxiety (OR= 4.62; 95% CI 1.74-12.26) symptoms were significantly associated with LBW (≤2.5kg). Conclusion: This study showed that paternal depressive and anxiety symptoms increased the risk of newborn LBW. Therefore, it is crucial to detect and manage the depressive and anxiety symptoms for expectant fathers during antenatal care to reduce the burden of LBW.


Dorsal nerve block of the penis for penile surgery, as the sole agent l ,2 or with general anaesthesiaH to prevent laryngospasm and to provide immediate postoperative analgesia, has become a widely used and accepted practice. This paper reports two cases of gangrene of the skin of the glans penis, occurring in different institutions with different anaesthetists and surgeons. In both children (Case 1 aged thirteen months and weighing 9.8 kg; Case 2 aged three years, 12 kg) general anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone and maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen and halothane supplement. In each case bupivacaine (Marcain) 0.5070 without adrenaline was drawn from a new ampoule and injected using the technique recommended by Brown and Fisk, 1979. In Case 1 two injections either side of the dorsal vein of 0.5 ml and in Case 2 one injection in the midline of 1.5 ml was administered. In both, a 25-gauge needle and a two-millilitre syringe was used.


Common-mode current on cable harnesses is often the primary source of radiated emissions below several hundred megahertz. It is difficult, however, to estimate common-mode currents that will occur in a system from component level tests because the common-mode impedances are different in the system. Here, a method is proposed to use simple component level tests to estimate equivalent common-mode source voltages and source impedances responsible for generating common-mode current. This source information can be used to predict the common-mode currents on harnesses of different lengths or characteristic impedance. The common-mode load impedances are assumed to be approximately open or short compared to the characteristic impedance of the harness. Equivalent sources are predicted for those circuits terminated with an open and those terminated with a short. Source characteristics are found from the magnitude of the common-mode current measured at multiple locations along the harness while varying the component height above the return plane (i.e., by varying the common-mode source impedance). The proposed method was used to predict the common-mode current on multi-wire harnesses of different lengths. The common-mode current was predicted within a few decibels except at frequencies where the harness was resonant during source estimation.


Genetic epidemiology focuses on the study of interaction between genetic components of disease and effect of environment on the phenotype. Our study uses retrospective analyses in order to show the incidence frequencies and risk factors which influence epidemiology of lung cancer. The analysis of lung cancer incidence was carried out on different regions in Croatia. According to State Register data and our own research results the incidence in males has risen from 49.3 to 89.4/100.000 and in females from 7.1 to 16.2/100.000 in the period 1968-1991. The highest rate has been recorded in industrialized regions (Koprivnica - Križevci 63.8; Međimurje 63.3; Krapina -Zagorje 62.8/100.000). Although we know that environmental factors (smoking, air pollution etc.) play important role in lung cancer development; the instability of genes make possible high incidence of the disease even in the regions without pronounced risk factors (Istra 50.4; Dubrovnik 43.4). The instability of genes is predominantly caused by accumulation of somatic genetic changes, and is also dependent on heterogeneity of population. This study demands the connection between population and clinical-genetic studies, which will enable better understanding of etiology and etiopathogenesis of this disease.


We present an experiment where a single nanoparticle can be coupled under controlled conditions to the high-Q modes of a microsphere resonator. These modes are then used to mediate an energy transfer between two nanoparticles.


The mixing of an acoustically pulsed air jet with a confined hot crossflow has been assessed by temperature profile measurements. These novel experiments were designed to examine the affects of acoustic driver power and Strouhal number on jet structure, penetration and mixing. The results showed that excitation produced strong changes in the measured temperature profiles. This resulted in significant increases in mixing zone size, penetration (at least 100% increase), mixing, and the length to achieve a given mixed state was shortened by at least 70%. There was strong modification to the jet-wake region. The increase in jet penetration and mixing was saturating near 90 W the largest driving power tested. The jet response as determined by penetration and mixing was optimum at a Strouhal number of 0.27. Overall, pulsating the jet flow significantly improved the jet mixing processes in a controllable manner.Copyright © 1990 by ASME


Abstract I hypothesized that the naturally elevated Ni concentration of Melanotrichus boydi (718–789 μg g−1) might protect this insect species against pathogen attack. I contrasted survival of M. boydi against survival of the low-Ni mirid Lygus hesperus when treated with three entomopathogenic biocontrol agents. Biocontrol agents used were the fungus, Beauveria bassiana, and infective juveniles of two nematode species (Steinernema carpocapse and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora). Biocontrol agents suspended in water were sprayed onto insects placed in petri plates in the laboratory. Control treatments consisted of spraying water onto comparable replicates. Separate experiments examined effects of biocontrol agents on nymphs and adults of each species. I monitored insect survival for 4 d after treatment and used survival analysis to contrast survival of individuals receiving control and biocontrol treatments for each species. Biocontrol agents significantly reduced the survival of L. hesperus in all but two trials and reduced the survival of M. boydi in all experimental trials. Both insect species were susceptible to these pathogens and I rejected the hypothesis that elevated body Ni concentration protects M. boydi from pathogen attack.


Surveys of GP computing suggest that over 95% of practices now have computers. Unfortunately, many of these practices are making little effective use of this technology. Recent White Papers, The New NHS and Information for Health place an even greater emphasis upon the effective use of information and its associated technology.

This paper describes a model for the assessment and managed change of information management maturity within general practice. The model, known as GPIMM (General Practice Information Maturity Model), which has been developed from related models in fields such as software quality and diffusion of innovation, provides a framework for the assessment of the maturity of information processes within general practice. The model can also be used to define key tasks in terms of training and information strategies to facilitate practice development.

The model and its antecedents are described, and it is shown how this model can be used to assess and improve information processes within case study practices. This paper then goes on to examine the health librarians' role in the process of change and discuss the metaphor of a 'virtual library' as a means to shift the agenda from information technology to information itself.


Based on the condition for the minimum rms value of line currents, a method for improving the power factor in power systems under asymmetrical and nonsinusoidal conditions is presented. This paper offers straightforward and convenient formulations of active currents for the three-phase four-wire, three-phase three-wire, and single-phase systems. Owing to the transformation matrix introduced in this paper, the formulation of active currents is valid regardless of whether the voltages and currents are balanced or unbalanced and it permits any point of the system to be chosen for the voltage reference. Observing the constraints related to the reactive compensators, the line current minimization procedure is used for the determination of optimal compensating capacitances for the three-phase four-wire, three-phase three-wire, and single-phase systems. The optimal reactive compensators based on up to six capacitors are proposed. The definitions of power factors before and after compensation are introduced. The influence analysis of nonactive power compensation on harmonic distortion of line currents has been also performed. Experimental results are obtained to confirm the validity and applicability of the proposed compensation procedure.


The authors test dimethylaminoborane solutions and coatings obtained from them. The reducing agent was DMAB made in a pilot plant. The study shows that solutions for chemical nickel plating, containing DMAB as the reducing agent, are very stable at pH from 5 to 9 and temperatures up to 70 deg. The degree of utilization of the reducing agent rises with increase of the solution pH. The deposited coatings have high hardness, adhesion, and soluerability which improve after heat treatment. The solutions used in this study can be recommended for practical use.


Work related musculoskeletal problems and its impacts are present worldwide and currently musculoskeletal problem is mostly affected by transportation services mostly buses. In buses, among conductors and bus drivers most affected are the lady conductors. There are about 33% reserved for the female bus conductors job. Due to this reservation, there are many females working in MSRTC (Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation). They have to work minimum 8-10 hours per day with less period of rest. Therefore, they have to face many musculoskeletal and psychological problems due to their work schedule which begins from early morning to late night. Our objective is to study the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal and psychological problems among female bus conductors in Karad. Study was conducted using a sample size of 48 female bus conductors for a period of 6 months. The inclusion criteria was female bus conductors who were having more than 5 years of working experience and exclusion criteria was the subjects with musculoskeletal problems detected prior to joining their recruited duties and subjects who were not willing to participateWe found that most of the females are suffering from discomfort in lower back 88% followed by head and neck 56%, Psychologically, 60% from mild depression, 44% from stress and 40% from moderate anxiety suffered. From this study, it can be concluded that these female bus conductors suffer from work related musculoskeletal such as discomfort in major body parts and psychological problems such as depression, anxiety and stress.


Media attention has been particularly directed at those religious movements that support the use of violence in the expression of their demand.... [W]e need to examine the two faces of this global resurgence in religion—one militant and exclusive, one inclusive, civic, and tolerant to see under what conditions militant fundamentalist subcultures are fostered.... The claim that religion is the solution to the world's problems is particularly strong in fundamentalist subcultures.3


In translation, there are many theories offered. The Skopos theory of
translation is said as the most accountable theory for all observed translation types
(Colina, 2003: 11). This Skopos theory gives focus on the purpose of the
translation (Nord as quoted in Munday, 2001: 78). It means that the quality of the
translation depended on the fulfillment of the intended purpose.
Based on Colina's, the writer wondered about the Skopos' perspective in
the translation of one of the best-seller books i.e. Chicken Soup for the Teacher's
Soul. The sampling was taken purposefully in accordance with the target reader's
setting. The total sampling was 20 out of 94 texts. Using qualitative research,
those 20 texts were analyzed within Skopos theory to find out whether the text
was in line with the purpose (Skopos) and how the translational action and
translation brief in Skopos theory lead the translator in translating.
Since this study analyzed the data from the point of view of the Skopos
theory, the writer brought up the theory itself along with its arguments, the
translational action and translational brief.
To support and validate the writer's analysis and findings, she used
investigator triangulation. The writer distributed 20 questionnaires to 20 teachers
ranging from elementary to high school. Based on the finding of the
questionnaires, 19 out of 20 respondents appeared to well understand and were
inspired by the text.
The writer found out that most text (19 out of 20 texts) could support the
intended Skopos. It indicated that the Skopos did not explicitly state or in other
words it is against what Vermeer (in Munday, 2001: 79) said that the Skopos is a
crucial element in the translation. Though in such condition, the translator as well
as the target readers could perceive the purpose of the texts very well because they
had been knowledgeable about the texts. That is why the Skopos, the translational
action, translation brief are not necessarily stated.
Therefore, to avoid confusion, it is suggested that a preface in the
translation version be provided and have the students of translation course know
about texts that would be translated.
However, this study is not exhaustive. It did not cover the texts that were
not suitable with the TT readers' setting nor discussed the influence of time and
place difference of ST and TT. It would give more ideas to know how the
implementation of Skopos theory is in other issues.


When teaching an applied subject such as Statistics it is important to be up-to-date with modern teaching methods and take advantage of any available teaching "tools". Technology can play an important role in this, with the use of social media, interactive online applications and videos. The use of these tools allows the teacher to take advantage of flipped-classroom approaches and for the student to grasp difficult statistical concepts (e.g. regression, simulation, confidence intervals, etc) easier through visualisation and a hands-on approach. In this paper, I will present how a lecturer can take advantage of some of the available "tools" that I used (e.g. Shiny, R Markdown, Screencast-O-Matic, Twitter, etc) in such a way that class time could be spent in stimulating debate and discussion.


Stochastic resonance is a counterintuitive phenomenon amplifying the weak periodic signal by application of external noise. We demonstrate the enhancement of a weak periodic signal by stochastic resonance in a trapped-ion oscillator when the oscillator is excited to the nonlinear regime and subject to an appropriate noise. Under the full control of the radio-frequency drive voltage, this amplification originates from the nonlinearity due to asymmetry of the trapping potential, which can be described by a forced Duffing oscillator model. Our scheme and results provide an interesting possibility to make use of controllable nonlinearity in the trapped ion, and pave the way toward a practical atomic sensor for sensitively detecting weak periodic signals from real noisy environment.


The article is a case study analyzing space as part of the Canadian national myth. Common symbolic imaginary in Canada is in itself problematic due to the lack of historical personalities and events that could be acceptable to both "founding groups" (i.e., English and French). Use of space as one of the main constituents of the national imaginary is thus not surprising. By analyzing the poetry of John Newlove and E. J. Pratt, the author shows that both use the vastness of geographical territory as a means of Canadian cultural identification, but they are also conscious of language/rhetoric as an equivalent of spatial images and even as a means of domination over space. The imagery of Canadian space shows vast, unresponsive, or even actively hostile territory, but above all the landscape that challenges lyrical speakers and their fictive personas to endure. It is true that such is the imagery of the space and of the Canadian cultural myth as described in the famous critical interventions by Northrop Frye and as latter reiterated by Margaret Atwood in her  Survival . It is also true that Frye's and Atwood's imagery was heavily indebted to Pratt's poetry and its ambivalent relation to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution: it is possible to demonstrate both the close contacts between Pratt and Frye on the one hand, and Frye and Atwood on the other, as well as the ambivalent influence of Darwin's theory on Pratt and on his predecessors (i.e., Archibald Lampman, Charles G. D. Roberts, and William Wilfred Campbell). Poststructuralist literary critics thus have to some extent rightfully attacked Frygian notions such as "garrison mentality". Nevertheless, Frye never thought of his understanding of the Canadian imaginary as fixed and all-pervading. Even more so, he understood that, as always in the case of the imaginary, Canadian notions of space were co-shaped by symbolic language and stock responses used by different groups when inhabiting new space. The article provides a brief overview of these stock responses and their literary examples, and at the same time it rejects some of the accusations of the poststructuralist critics, especially that of the presumed environmental determinism of the Frygian notions of space.


Fundamental technologies for the optical interconnection in the VLSI chip have been developed by using conventional Si LSI technologies. The micron-size optical waveguide consisting of Si3N4 core and SiO2 cladding layers has been fabricated by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD), respectively. The small lenses and the micron-size mirror which changes the light propagation direction from vertical to horizontal for the interlayer interconnection have also been fabricated.


Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) is a promising technology that is quickly gathering momentum as a solution for delivering quality of service (QoS) on IP-based terrestrial networks. It is then appropriate to wonder how this technology could affect the next generation satellite networks (from at least an interoperability standpoint) and if satellite network designers should implement MPLS on their space segment (and if yes, how?). These are the main questions that this paper is addressing.

We will show how MPLS can be used on top of any layer 2 technology on the space segment, to provide IP QoS. In particular we will discuss MPLS over ATM over satellite where MPLS is essentially used to control and manage an on-board ATM switch fabric. Problems with MPLS and solutions will be presented. As the digital video broadcast (DVB) standard is becoming popular to be used on both the forward and return link, the different methods to carry IP over DVB will also be discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Production management system existed in a certain enterprise was analyzed by taking production management sub-system in ERP as research object,and the main problems were found out.The solution of production management system based on ERP platform was put forward.


Composite materials based on latex paint with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) were studied. Several types of single-layer and multi-layer structures with various alternations of polymer and composite layers characterized by different values of electrical conductivity and permittivity were fabricated. The investigation of microwave transmission and reflection parameters of the prepared composites in the frequency range of 26-54 GHz is presented. It is found that single-layer composites containing MWCNTs and GNPs exhibit the shielding efficiency enhancement with the increase of filler concentration. The alternation of composite layers with different content of carbon filler makes it possible to adjust the electromagnetic radiation reflection and absorption characteristics of multi-layer coatings. The attenuation of electromagnetic radiation and reflection loss in multilayer coatings depend strongly on the number and thicknesses of layers. The minimal reflection was observed for multilayered coating consisted of MWCNTs-filled composite layers alternating with latex paint layers.


Abstract : The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is exploring a new concept in its training called Distributed Mission Training (DMT) that will build toward the Air Force (AF) service-specific synthetic battlespace (SB). DMT is a shared training environment comprised of live, virtual, and constructive simulations that allow warfighters to train individually or collectively at all levels of war. At the Warfighter Training Research Division of Air Force Research Laboratory at Mesa, AZ. the initial DMT vision has been developed and continues to evolve. The laboratory has a DMT test-bed that integrates virtual, live and constructive simulations for training and research applications. The test-bed has a full toolkit of constructive simulations including Computer Generated Forces (CGF). This paper will provide an overview of these constructive simulations and their use in DMT training and experiments.


3D numerical simulations are performed to analyze correctly the effect of opposing thermal buoyancy and Dean number on Dean vortices, fluid flow and heat transfer through 180° curved duct of square cross-section. Due to tremendous found results, this works emphasizes only at the position 30° of the bend portion. The governing equations involving momentum, continuity and energy are solved in three dimensions under these assumptions: the flow is laminar, steady-state and incompressible. The present study is investigated in the range of these conditions: Dean number of De = 125 to 150, Richardson number of Ri = 0 to 2 at Pr = 1. The principal obtained results are represented in forms of streamlines and isotherms to analyze and to discuss the found physical phenomena. The local Nusselt number along the wall of square cross-section is also computed and presented. The main found point is that the opposing thermal buoyancy has a tendency to eliminate the effect of centrifugal force at the position 30° of bend portion of 180° curved duct.


By means of stimulus‐response experiments an Li+ tracer, models for the fluid flow in a 30‐m3 UASB reactor, used for the anaerobic treatment of wastewater, were tested. From the model with the best fit it could be derived that both the sludge bed and the sludge blanket can be described as perfectly mixed tank reactors with short‐circuiting flows; the settler volume acts like a plug‐flow region.


Background: Immunotherapy is a developing paradigm in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). An ongoing clinical trial (KEYNOTE-048) examines the efficacy of combining a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor (pembrolizumab) with carboplatin or cisplatin (pt) and 5-fluorouricil (5-FU) vs. 5-FU+pt+cetuximab (EXTREME). Early evidence from this trial suggests overall survival is improved with the combination of pembrolizumab compared to EXTREME. However, no evidence has yet been reported around carboplatin vs. cisplatin in these regimens. Methods: Here, with informed consent under IRB, fresh tumor biopsies were obtained from a randomly-selected cohort of HNSCC patients diagnosed with metastatic or locally advanced disease (N=45). We then employed CANscriptTM, a clinically-validated ex-vivo tumor platform that can predict clinical efficacy of agents using a proprietary algorithm, termed M-Score. The following regimens were tested in CANscript: (i) pembrolizumab as single agent, (ii) combination of pembrolizumab + Pt + 5-FU and (iii) cetuximab + Pt + 5-FU regimen. Importantly, Pt was run as either carboplatin or cisplatin in the combination regimens. In addition, PDL-1, CD4 and CD8 status was quantified for every patient by immunohistochemistry. Results: Consistent with the recently reported data from KEYNOTE-048, we predicted, based on M-Score, that single agent pembrolizumab is inferior to either EXTREME or the pembrolizumab chemotherapy combination regimens. Interestingly, however, when samples were analyzed based on the type of platinum used (Carboplatin vs. Cisplatin) we determined that greater clinical response is achieved with the combination of Pembro/Carbo/5-FU (45.5% or 10/22) vs. Pembro/Cis/5-FU (21.7% or 5/23). In contrast, we predicted EXTREME regimen alone results in similar response rates regardless of the addition of Carbo or Cis (31.8% vs. 30.4%, respectively). Upon further interrogation we observed changes in immunohistochemical staining of PD-L1, CD8 and CD4 before vs. after treatment with either Cis or Carbo, but did not find a correlation between PD-L1 status at baseline with response. In addition, we found unique patterns of immunological response in the carbo vs. cis arms, which may explain why pembrolizumab performed better. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the utility and highlight the ability of CANscript system to profile clinical response of immunotherapy. More importantly, our evidence that discrete differences exist between carboplatin and cisplatin could help future design of combination chemotherapy-immunotherapy regimens. Citation Format: Vidushi Kapoor, Munisha Smalley, Amit Verma, Saravanan Thyiagarajan, Biswanath Majumder, Nandini Basak, Abhishek Basu, Pradeep Kar, K.s. Sabitha, D.C. Doval, Aaron J. Goldman. Superiority of response to carboplatin vs cisplatin in combination with pembrolizumab for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma predicted using ex vivo platform, CANscript [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3205.


Creatures adapted to environmental conditions in a variety of ways, on the macroscopic as well as the microscopic scale. The evolved structures always give a hint about the design of functional materials. Recently, inspired by the trichomes on the surface of silver ragwort, we fabricated a surface with superhydrophobicity and light-shielding simultaneously by simply transforming polystyrene to the trichomeslike structure.


Investigations were established for the purpose of analyzing the conditioned media from human embryonic kidney cell subpopulations separated in space by electrophoresis. This data is based on the experiments performed on STS-8 on the continuous flow electrophoresis system. The primary biological activity that was analyzed was plasminogen activator activity, but some assays for erythropoeitin and human granulocyte colony stimulating activity were also performed. It is concluded that a battery of assays are required to completely define the plasminogen activator profile of a conditioned media from cell culture. Each type of assay measures different parts of the mixture and are influenced by different parameters. The functional role of each assay is given along with an indication of which combination of assays are required to answer specific questions. With this type of information it is possible by combinations of assays with mathematical analysis to pinpoint a specific component of the system.


This study is to investigate the relation between architectural
characteristics and the basic principle of beauty, composing the
facade of architecture through analogy young user's peculiar
aspect by expressive words, as a method to grant architectural
characteristic in the street surrounding university. Also, this
study analyze user's visual response about the facade of existing
architecture in the street surrounding university.


Background: Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the human body and the second most abundant intracellular cation after potassium. A potential relationship between low magnesium levels and increased mortality has been suggested in the literature. The objectives were to detect prevalence of hypomagnesemia in critically ill children, its association with sepsis and to correlate this with mortality.Methods: This study was an observational study done on 100 children who met the inclusion criteria, admitted to the PICU of Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Patients under the study were managed and treated according to their clinical status and supportive traditional treatment.Results: Prevalence of hypomagnesemia in critically ill pediatric patients was 53%. In this study, majority of the cases admitted to PICU were dengue (19%) and bronchopneumonia (15%) which were significantly associated with hypomagnesemia as p value was less than 0.05. As regard prognosis, Mg had an AUC of 0.576 for prediction of mortality whereas the AUC for PRISM score was 0.811. Logistic regression analysis showed that hypomagnesemia is a significant predictor for mortality among critically ill children (p value=0.028) and OR=3.180 (0.854-7.965).Conclusions: Present study has found high prevalence of hypomagnesemia in critically ill patients. Hypomagnesemia was associated with a higher mortality rate in critically ill patients and commonly associated with infections and respiratory diseases. Hypomagnesemia indicated poor outcome and higher mortality rates in critically ill patients.


O NE OF THE LARGEST groups of American Indians east of the Mississippi is the Lumbee Indians. Although some Lumbees live in urban enclaves in High Point and Greensboro, North Carolina, Richmond, Virginia, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Detroit, the homeland of the Lumbees is Robeson County in southeastern North Carolina. This is POCOSIN country, an area often described as marginal land, because it does not easily fit into the geographical characteristics of the coast, the plains, or the mountains. Pocosin, 'an upland swamp, marsh, bog, or dismal of the southeastern coastal plain', is low wooded ground, usually dry in the summer and covered with water in the rainy season (Bartlett 1859; Craigie and Hulbert 1938; Wentworth 1944). English settlers in Virginia borrowed this Algonquin word from the Indians, using it as the name of a river there as early as 1635 (OED; Stewart 1958). More importantly for the Lumbees and their ancestors, the Pocosin, considered undesirable land by white European settlers, provided an isolated haven in which Lumbees could retain a distinctive ethnic identity and consistently define themselves as Indians (in the sense of Williams 1979, p. 20). Like other cohesive communities, the Lumbees use language as a significant linguistic and cultural marker. Certain words, certain meanings of words, and certain pronunciations signal their ethnic identity and identify outsiders. For example, token, 'supernatural sign of death or evil', is a word frequently used and highly valued by the Lumbees; it functions as a linguistic symbol of their identity. The Lumbees employ token as a TEST ITEM, calling upon non-Lumbees for a definition, an invariable result of which is laughter, much to the puzzlement of the non-Lumbee. Few non-Lumbees can define the word to Lumbee satis-


Plants may have several impacts, which can be categorized into indoor air quality, energy use, and psychological effects. This thesis presented a comprehensive review of the impact of indoor plants in these categories. Indoor plants can emit a negligible amount of VOCs and microorganisms to the indoors but also have limited ability to remove pollutants. In addition, greenery systems are exterior to the building enclosure, resulting in a reduction of external surface temperature and heat transfer, particularly in certain climates. Interaction with indoor plants can also deliver measurable psychological benefits to people despite the confounding variables and other experimental design issues. In conclusion, indoor plants have limited effect on indoor air quality, external plants have a possible impact on saving energy, and indoor plants can influence psychological status when placed on the level of vision. Plants cannot be treated as a system, and other alternatives can provide promising solutions.


This paper analyzed the dealing process of distilling the fingerprint image FBI feature, composed the point eigenvector and field eigenvector, brought forward the twice-told fingerprint matching arithmetic based on the FBI feature and implement method. The experiment shows that this arithmetic has better recognition nicety ratio and recognition stability, it can be used to the practice fingerprint recognition.


"Inforlivanden" is a broad term designating a psychic mechanism through which influences from outside and inside the psyche will determine how the individual experiences the world and himself. Clarence Crafoord also speaks about "infOrlivande" as the phenomenon when a concept, a face or an event assumes a special meaning for a person. This meaning will settle as an internal structure, which will become responsible for how further influences will be perceived and managed. The mechanism will be part of a continual interchange between the individual and his surroundings. This interchange Crafoord calls the development-enhancing dialogue. The book reviewed here represents Crafoord's thoughts about the characteristics and meanings of this dialogue. The Swedish term "inforlivande" seems to me, from a linguistic point of view, suitable for communicating the meaning which Crafoord attributes to this phenomenon. Crafoord has himself compared his term with the psychoanalytic concept of internalisation. However, the use of the Swedish term suggests a broader field of meaning than the more technical concept of internalisation. There may be problems in translating it into other languages. A possible Danish translation might be "tilegnelse". Perhaps a more everyday appropriate English term could be "assimilation". Crafoord's basic idea is that man's psyche is built up through a constant dialogue with his surroundings. This "development-enhancing dialogue" is illustrated by a relatively simple model which Crafoord calls the developing circle. In this model, the dialogue is divided into an exploration into the outside world, and a seeking of response from it. We are, accordingly, dealing with both an active searching, and an active taking answers back. Through this activity, a view of the surCopyright © 2002 ---THE--SCANDINAVIAN PSYCHOANALYTIC REVIEW /SSN 0/06-2301


—In this paper, we consider a semantic approach to in- formation retrieval in structured data. We designed an ontology-based database search tool, namely OBDBS EARCH , that ex- ploits ontologies to add semantics to traditional database-style searching. Our goal is to retrieve all database information somehow related to a set of keywords and to have them sorted by relevance. A heuristic method to calculate relevance has been devised. In order to apply and test our algorithm, we considered an application to Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), i.e., quantifiable and strategic measurements for an organization. We observed consistency between experimental results and those expected, even if testing on large amounts of data is still missing.


Abstract : The terrorist attacks perpetrated against the United States of America on September 11, 2001 were pivotal in shaping the George W. Bush administration's new National Security Strategy (NSS). The release of the NSS in September 2002 unleashed a firestorm of debate over the shift from deterrence and containment to advocacy of preventive war, as presaged in the sentence And, as a matter of common sense and self-defense, America will act against such emerging threats before they are fully formed. The February 2003 National Strategy for Combating Terrorism echoes the NSS, emphatically stating We cannot wait for terrorists to attack and then respond. &Preventing terrorist groups from gaining access to technology, particularly that which supports WMD, will be one of our highest priorities. &And finally, when states prove reluctant or unwilling to meet their international obligations to deny support and sanctuary to terrorists, the United States, in cooperation with friends and allies, or if necessary, acting independently, will take appropriate steps to convince them to change their policies. The ongoing war in Iraq, fought on the grounds of necessary prevention, brought the debate to a fever pitch. Among the main points argued were whether preventive war was an appropriate use of force, and what were the likely repercussions of such an action. In examining the many sides of the argument, the reluctant conclusion is that preventive war is necessary under extraordinary conditions.


Objective:To evaluate the clinic value and safety of the second generation of frequency domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT)in the invention diagnosis and treatment in middle acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Method:The 23ACS patients were enrolled randomly.All the patients were underwent FD-OCT during the coronary angiography(CAG)to evaluate the lesion and guide percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Result:Among the 23ACS patients,5 had unstable angina pectoris(UAP),12 non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI),6 ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(AMI),including 5CAG alone,1percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA),17Coronary artery stent implantation,2the second stent implantation,2left main lesion,2bifurcation lesion,with totally 28 stents had been implanted.FD-OCT had been taken on 30artery of all 23patents,showing 16 plaque ruptures,10 fibrous plaques,16 lipid plaques,13vulnerable plaques,5 stent malappositions,6 stent thrombosis,2 in-stent restenosis,3incompletely stent dilated,1intima hyperplasia,1stent tearing artery dissection.All the patients were underwent FD-OCT successfully and safely,without any sever adverse reaction.Conclusion:The application of FD-OCT in ACS patients has good operability and safety.FD-OCT could reveal different coronary artery lesions clearly,especially in vulnerable plaques, stent malapposition and stent thrombosis,thus could be used for guiding and evaluating PCI,acting a compensation of CAG.


The utility model relates to a drought-resisting uniform showering device which mainly comprises a water inlet, a double-ring rotation bearing, a water outlet spraying pipe, a rotation speed adjuster and the like. A water inlet pipe, a bearing middle cylinder in the double-ring rotation bearing and the water outlet spraying pipe are sequentially connected, the water outlet spraying pipe and the bearing middle cylinder are directly welded, the water inlet pipe and the bearing middle cylinder are connected through a rubber ring to achieve the aim of rotation without leakage, and the water outlet spraying pipe extends out by certain space in the slant mode to be bent to enable reverse thrust force of sprayed water to provide rotation power.


The current study was carried out to investigate the sub-acute toxicity of 3-O--D-glucopyranosyl-(24)-ethylcholesta-5,22,25-triene, a steroidal glycoside isolated from the flowers of Alangium salviifolium Wang on Long Evan's rat. After intra-peritoneal administration of the compound at a dose of 300 μg/rat/day for 14 consecutive days, no mortality or significant changes in body weight or behavior were observed. The blood samples of the rats were examined for hematological and biochemical parameters which were statistically insignificant when compared to that of the control group. All the vital organs showed normal histopathological architecture (heart, lungs, liver and kidney) in comparison to the control group. This preliminary investigation demonstrate that the compound is safe at dose of 300 μg/rat/day for 14 consecutive days. But acute, sub-chronic and chronic toxicity evaluations as well as clinical trials need to be done.


Storage hydropower plants, which are an important component of energy production in Switzerland, can lead to hydro‐ and thermopeaking, affecting river habitats and organisms. In this study, we developed an approach for integrating water temperature simulations into a habitat model to assess the impact of both hydro‐ and thermopeaking on the availability of suitable fish habitats. We focused on the habitat requirements of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a semi‐natural braided floodplain along the Moesa River (Southern Switzerland) in early summer. First, we defined different scenarios (with and without hydropeaking) based on the local hydrological and meteorological conditions. Second, we used a two‐dimensional depth‐averaged hydro‐ and thermodynamic model to simulate the spatial distributions of water depth, flow velocity, and water temperature. Third, we applied generalized preference curves for juvenile brown trout to identify hydraulically suitable habitats, and developed a new index to assess the availability of thermally suitable habitats. Finally, we quantified the extent to which hydraulically and thermally suitable habitats overlap in space and time. During both base and peak flow phases, most of the hydraulically and thermally suitable habitats are located in the side channels. High flow conditions combined with strong cold‐thermopeaking lead to a higher thermal heterogeneity. However, disconnected habitats originate in the dewatering zone, increasing the risk of stranding as well as thermal stress. By helping to better understand the effects of thermopeaking on the availability of fish habitats, our approach could contribute to the design and evaluation of ecological restoration in hydropeaking rivers.


In the last years, research on natural products has progressed extremely, thanks to assistance from the fields of chemistry, life sciences, food science and material sciences. Comparisons of microorganisms, lower eukaryotes, animals, higher plants and marine organisms with natural products are now well documented. This book delivers an easy-to-read impression of natural products and their benefits. The contents involved in this book cover most of the aspects of natural products including general introduction, isolation, detection. It also describes biosynthesis, synthesis and biological activity. Therefore it will be beneficial for students, new researchers and industry.


In order to better guide the Guangdong provincial land remediation planning(2011-2020),the benefits of a new-round land remediation projects were assessed from the economic,social,ecological and environmental aspects according to the Guangdong provincial land remediation planning objectives.The results showed that the new round of land remediation planning in Guangdong Province not only helps implement farmland protection policy,optimizes land use structure and improves land use efficiency,but also plays an important role in improving rural production and living conditions,increaseing farmers′ income and promoting new rural development and urban and rural coordination.


Different types of incoherent scatter radar (ISR) echoes are observed associated with aurora, including some which have been interpreted as signatures of cavitating Langmuir turbulence (CLT). Akbari et al. (2013) https://doi.org/10.1002/jgra.50314 discussed two instances of correlation between CLT and naturally occurring radio emissions called medium frequency burst (MFB) which occur at substorm onsets. Based on that observation, radio detections of MFB from Toolik Lake Observatory have been applied to investigate occurrence of CLT in ISR data from Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar and their possible correlation with MFB. Of 131 MFB events, 25 occurred within 15 min of an ISR echo detection, compared to 6 of 116 intervals of a control set with similar local time and seasonal distribution. The difference is significant at the 10−4 level, suggesting that ISR echoes are more probable during substorm onset times identified using MFB as a proxy. However, only four observed ISR echoes coincident with one MFB event showed both specific characteristics consistent with CLT. Furthermore, investigation of the angle of arrival of MFB suggests that the electromagnetic emissions do not originate from the plasma volume where the ISR detects the echoes. The small number of coincident ISR echoes and MFB is expected due to the different volumes in which the emissions and the echoes are detected. 50% of the MFB events occurred within 20 min of a substorm onset independently identified versus 8% of the control set intervals, confirming the correlation of MFB with substorm onsets.


Motivated by an application to unstructured multigrid calculations, we consider the problem of asymptotically minimizing the size of dominating sets in triangulated planar graphs. Specifically, we wish to find the smallestesuch that, fornsufficiently large, everyn-vertex planar graph contains a dominating set of size at mosten.We prove that 1/4<e<1/3, and we conjecture thate=1/4.For triangulated discs we obtain a tight bound ofe=1/3.The upper bound proof yields a linear-time algorithm for finding an(n/3)-size dominating set.


It is generally known that textbook is the first and the most vital tool for teachers to proceed with successful English language teaching activities. Hence, it is indispensable for all language teachers to evaluate books critically and choose a suitable textbook. This article aimed to explore the different features of two famous college English textbooks utilized in the researcher's school of Wenshan University, Yunnan, China, in alignment with the China Standards English framework, and whether the two books satisfied local students' needs and proficiency. It is hoped to provide an empirical example of textbook evaluation from a Chinese context and inspire local teachers to make possible improvements during evaluating and selecting a textbook. To achieve the objective, a checklist aligned with the framework and a questionnaire was utilized for the collection of comparable data. Moreover, content analysis and percentage were used during the analysis of the two textbooks and students' perception about the textbooks, respectively. Results of the evaluation indicated that the two books are not aligned with the China Standards English framework suggested levels. Both textbook levels tend to be lower than the framework demanded levels, namely level five and six. Students also implied that the textbooks are accessible and seem not to help their language skills improvement. The recommendation is that these textbooks need to be adapted and modified for the English educational practices to suit local students' needs and English proficiency to achieve the China Standards English suggested levels.


The distribution of the weight among the ingredients is a key problem in network attack effect evaluation. Through analysis of the rules and ingredients, this paper provides a method based on AHP. The method is proved to be scientific and feasible by the evaluation of a certain attack.


An approach to the problems of robust filtering and model validation for a class of continuous-time uncertain systems with both discrete-time and continuous-time measured outputs is presented. The uncertainty description being considered is a generalization of the integral quadratic constraint uncertainty description. The proposed algorithm is based on the solution to a jump Riccati differential equation and a set of jump state equations. In these jump equations, the solutions exhibit finite jumps at the measurement sampling instants. The equations in our robust filtering and model validation algorithm are closely related to those in the Kalman filtering problem.


Infrared spectroscopic experiments were performed to ascertain the mechanisms of molecular contaminant film removal with a carbon dioxide (CO2) gas/solid jet spray. In the jet spray nozzle, liquid CO2 expands through an orifice and forms a spray of submillimeter‐sized solid particles entrained in a gas stream. This spray has been shown to be effective in removing particles and some molecular contaminant films. It has been hypothesized that the spray removes films by one of three methods: abrasion by the solid particles, thermal shock of the film, or formation of a transient liquid film into which the film dissolves, and which then resolidifies and scatters from the surface. We have compared the jet spray removal efficiency of contaminant films of varying solubility in CO2 and measured in real time the cleaning rates of the jet spray for these films. The infrared spectroscopic data show strong correlations between film removal efficiency, the time required to remove a film, and the solubility of the film i...


A device for detecting angular speed, for estimating the angular speed of a compressor rotor (2) having a plurality of blades (22), is provided with a passage detection device (5) for detecting the passing of each blade through a predetermined angle position in a housing (3) for accommodating the compressor rotor, and a calculation device (6) for calculating the angular speed of the compressor rotor. The calculation device is provided with an angular speed calculation unit for calculating the time interval taken for at least two specific pairs of blades among the plurality of blades to pass through the predetermined angle position on the basis of the output of the passage detection device, and calculating the instantaneous angular speed of the compressor rotor on the basis of the calculated time interval.


Objective To investigate the expression and nerve injury mechanism of peroxynitrite(ONOO-) in retina of rabbits with acute ocular hypertension,and evaluate the effect of puerarin.Methods Twenty-seven New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into normal,model and puerarin-treatment groups.The model of acute ocular hypertension was established by perfusing normal saline into anterior chamber.Histopathological change was observed with optical microscope.Apoptosis of retinal cell at 6th,12th,24th and 72th hour after 60 minute ocular hypertension was measured by Tdt-dUTP terminal nick end labeling method.The expression of ONOO-was studied by immunohistochemical method.Results In model group,the edema of nerve fiber layer and inner plexiform layer were severe at 6th hour.Retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) showed vacuolation degeneration and pycnosis at 24th hour.Apoptosis began to appear in a small quantity at 6th hour,reached the peak at 24th hour and began to deline after 24 hours.The trend of changes in ONOO-expression was similar to that of apoptosis.In treatment group,the histopathological injury was lighter than the model group obviously.The trend of expression of ONOO-and apoptosis followed that of the model group,but the expression was less than the above significantly(P0.05).Conclusion The expression of ONOO-was more in rabbits retina with ocular hypertension and may play a vital role in RGCs apoptosis;purerain has antioxidation effect and may protect RGCs from ocular hypertension injury by inhibiting the effect of ONOO-.


Incorrect rebar placement has led to serious concrete structural failures; thus, site inspectors must ensure that the rebars placed are compliant with as‐designed drawings before tunnel lining concreting. This paper aims to develop a methodology that automatically segments the semantics (e.g., main rebar and distribution rebar) and instances of curved rebars and reconstructs the tunnel lining rebars from the raw point clouds. There are five main parts in the proposed methodology: rebar mesh reshaping, rebar mesh extraction and refinement, semantic segmentation, instance labeling, and rebar mesh modeling. To validate the developed methodology, an experiment was conducted on the rebar point cloud of a high‐speed railway tunnel. The evaluation of the accuracies of segmentation was conducted by comparisons with the existing methods and manually labeled ground truth data. The results show that the rebar segmentation has high precision values with the acceptable recall values, and that the rebar models reconstructed achieve millimeter‐level (about 2 mm) accuracy.


Not a few people suffer from diabetes, diabetes is usually caused by genetic inheritance from parents
 and grandparents. Not only from heredity but many criteria or characteristics can determine a person has
 diabetes. This research was conducted by looking for a dataset on Kaggle that contains criteria for someone
 diagnosed or undiagnosed with diabetes such as age, gender, weakness, polyuria, polydipsia, and others.
 Furthermore, from these criteria, predictions are calculated using the Naive Bayes classification method
 where this method is one of the data mining techniques. This prediction calculation uses the Python
 programming language. From these criteria, each criterion is grouped with similarities and the results of
 the program that have been made can diagnose someone with diabetes. The prediction calculations that have
 been carried out have resulted in 90% accuracy, 93% precision, 89% recall, 92% specificity, and 91%
 F1-Score.


Between 1997 and 1999, the Czech economy had undergone a fundamental shift in its lending practices. This particular development is most often referred to as a credit crunch. Nevertheless, owing to the unique nature of this credit phenomenon in the relatively short history of the Czech economy, defining and applying this term to Czech conditions has caused a number of complications. The paper deals the said issue.


Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been under investigation during the past decade for an array of applications due to their unique and versatile properties. Recent advances have facilitated the development of numerous SWCNT-based biomedical technologies. Consequently, there has been a worldwide surge in published patent applications and issued patents on SWCNTs. The focus of this review is to summarize the recent patent applications covering the development of synthesis methods, new compositions and utility of SWCNTs for various biomedical applications.


arrangement of trading platform. In this chapter, McNeill revitalizes the concept of the central business district (now usually dismissed) as the crucial spatial platform for understanding corporate activities worldwide. Chapter 6 captures global cities' formation together with the practices of knowledge generation by gurus, experts, and management consultancies. In this respect, global cities become experimental sites of innovation and where "knowledge is recognized, turned over and absorbed" (p. 147). The book's strengths include the connection of theory with qualitative empirical observations and the balance of different case studies. In fact, McNeill is able to document with his own observations the validity of different urban theories. This helps us understand that there are certain locations of the globe where power and knowledge have concentrated. In addition, the analysis is well balanced between case studies in the Global North and cases in the Global South. The book portrays how material objects, technologies, and social processes shape the power relationships between cities in the North and cities in the South. This helps us to understand the different role of cities within countries. He observes that "[c]ities are compositional: they compose national territories at the same time as they enact what we recognize as global networks" (p. 150). Hence, he explains the paradoxes of the global economy and applies theories of uneven development across cities and regions. On the other hand, McNeill neglects the dimension of administrative bureaucracies and of the power embedded in nation-state institutions. The global cities literature has emerged in relation to the declining role of nation-states in a globalized capitalistic political economy; hence, a complement to the critical political economy approach of the book would be an interpretation of the evolving relations between bureaucracies and cities. In addition, regional science, agglomeration, and location theories are ignored in the book despite being pivotal in the global cities literature. Notwithstanding, the book is an important contribution to the understanding of political economies in the 21st century and critical urban studies. The book provides a clear image of what constitutes the global and the city in the 21st-century global economy. This precision and lucidity make the book accessible to a broad audience of scholars and nonacademics who are interested in better understanding the key processes of globalization and urbanization. The length of the book (182 pages); the concise, informed, and up-to-date writing style; as well as the relatively accessible price make the volume an attractive option for upper undergraduate–level seminars in critical urban studies, economic geography, city planning, and human geography. Global Cities and Urban Theory might well become a standard reading in courses dealing with the political economy of urban development.


We obtained laboratory spectra of absorption by water vapor at the wavelengths 6500-10500 {\AA} with the multipass cell. The water vapor content along the line of view varied from 0.1 to 3.0 cm of precipitated water, the pressure from 0.1 to 1.0 atm. The spectra were taken with the width of the exit slit of the spectrophotometer 25, 50, 100, and 150 {\AA}. To match these spectra, we selected empirical functions, which approximate the observed absorption within the indicated interval of water vapor content and pressure with the accuracy about 1%. For the water vapor band at the wavelengths regions 7200, 8200, and 9300 {\AA}, with the step 25 {\AA}, we determined the parameters necessary for the calculation of empirical transmission functions. The presented data make it possible to select the parameters for taking into account the radiation attenuation in the spectral region of telluric water vapor under the conditions of real astronomical observations for a specific place and spectrophotometer. The suggested set of empirical parameters may provide correction of observed stellar spectra for the extinction in the atmosphere with the accuracy 0.m01-0.m02.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Yo-Yo intermittent tests are frequently used in a variety of sports and research studies to determine physical fitness. Specifically, the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test was a valid measure of fitness performance in the manner of total covered distance in meters, maximum oxygen consumption in VO2 Max and levels achieved which is set in the way of increasing speed in kilometer/hour with decreasing time in seconds to accelerate the test to measure and calculate the outcomes of the test. The purpose of the study is to compare the Aerobic endurance fitness using Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery test level 1 between Guards and Forwards in basketball players. This study helped to measure an individual's ability to repeatedly perform intervals over a prolonged period of time. METHOD: Participants were explained the procedure and informed consent obtained. 137 participants who were basketball players were taken. Out of which 81 were male and 56 were female basketball players. YYIRT 1 test was performed on them. The test was continued till the participant could continue the test or if the participant gets 2 warning signals simultaneously for not reaching the end point till the beep rings and then it was stopped. Outcome measures used were total distance covered and VO2 max which was compared between 2 groups of guards and forwards as per their playing positions. Result: This study showed that there is no significant difference in performance i.e., total distance covered, levels achieved and VO2 max between guards and forwards basketball players in both genders. Conclusion: This study showed similar aerobic capacity between Guards and Forwards playing position with of Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level-1. This study also found that there were significant differences between both the genders in total covered distance, VO2Max and Levels achieved of YYIRT Level-1.


In soil studies the idea of regionalisation was int roduced for the proper use of agricultural and forest territory. Initially, pedor egions were considered to be groups of areas adequate for various land uses or advantageous for various agricultural crops. As part of these territorial units, the dominant or the associated s oils had the some origins, features, and productivi ty.


This paper has described poverty lines in theory and discussed poverty lines in theory and method's application in China on the basis of the estimation method of China's rural poverty lines in 1984. The paper especially divides poverty lines into the subjective poverty lines and objective poverty lines from the way that the individual welfare meets, and thinks the food-energy intake method and the cost-of-basic-needs method are two kinds traditional methods of estimating not absolute poverty lines but objective poverty lines. At last the author discusses on some Chinese scholar 's standpoint of poverty lines theory and application in China and high or low of poverty line level.


The enhancement of the thermal conductivity of water in the presence of Alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) using the employed surfactant, as the dispersant, is presented in this study. The volume concentration of Alumina–water nanofluids is below 0.2 vol.%. With the addition of dispersant and surfactant, the thermal conductivity of the produced nanofluids reveals a time-dependent characteristic. The thermal conductivity, considerably steady at the starting point of measurement, increases gradually with elapsed time. The results indicate that Alumina–water nanofluids with low concentration of nanoparticles have noticeably higher thermal conductivities than the water-base fluid without Alumina. For Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles at a volume fraction of 0.001 (0.1 vol.%), thermal conductivity was enhanced by up to 18.4%.


ABSTRACT The presumed link between pottery style and linguistic identity has played a key role in the archaeological interpretation of the peopling of southern Africa. To re-assess this link, we study ceramic vessel decorations used by 41 contemporary potters in southeastern Botswana, who are from two separate language groups, come from six different ethnic groups, learned their craft in one of five different 'schools' of pottery and live scattered in ten different villages. Our observations of ceramic style are on a small sample of pots available at the time of fieldwork. We isolate 24 attributes under three major categories of decoration motif, technique of plastic decoration and surface treatment. Our study shows that in contemporary southeastern Botswana pottery style does not help to distinguish the pots made by potters from different language groups. However, to varying degrees it can reveal differences in the products of potters from different locations, ethnic groups and schools of learning.


This paper proposes a method to reduce the radar cross section (RCS) of a 2×2 microstrip antenna array around 20 GHz. The presented design is based on reflection phase cancellation principle and uses an all dielectric unit cell. Two perforated unit cells with 0° and 180° reflection phases are used and their geometrical parameters are optimized carefully to have 180° ± 30° reflection phase difference between their reflection phases, which is required to realize the phase cancellation. A 2×2 microstrip array is designed at 20 GHz and the proposed unit cell is distributed around the antennas in Chessboard like surface. A clear monostatic RCS reduction is achieved from about 18 GHz to 27 GHz with low level backscattered EM wave in the half space in front of the antenna array under both normal and oblique incidence of far-field plane wave. In the presented technique, no metallic inclusions are used on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate next to the antenna array radiating elements. Compared to the previously published works which used metallic inclusions next to radiating elements, the presented design has less effect on the radiation characteristics of the antenna array.


Abstract Based on a high-purity commercial BaTiO3 powder, Mn-doping effects on the lifetime of BaTiO3 ceramic capacitors were examined using a temperature-accelerated life-test. The mean time to failure (MTTF) of samples with 0.4 wt% of MnO2 was improved by more than three orders of magnitude compared to the pure samples. The shape-changes in D-E hysteresis loop of samples with and without MnO2 doping under a high AC field for a long time were measured and are discussed. TiO2 2 ceramic samples with controlled irregular or plate-like pores were prepared and the permittivity-property relations were discussed with the pore-shape effects. Also, the electrical and mechanical properties of BaTiO3 samples with and without a controlled delamination were measured and are discussed.


PVDr samples with high /:J-content (807.), prepolarized at room temperature, are heated to higher temperatures. The polarization is measured first unde r open circuit conditions at the high temperature and then after cooling down again to room temperature. For elevated temperatures up to 17S'C the polarization Is re<luced to 27. of the original value, yet recovers r oughly to 81. of the original value after cooling down again to room temperature. In contrast to this when heating up the films to 180'C a s ignificantly different behavior Is observed: In cooling down to r oom t emperatur e again the polarization returns rrom about 17. at 180' C to about 407. or the original prepo1arlzed value.


The present specification relates to a method and an apparatus for allocating wireless resources. The method for allocating wireless resources, according to one embodiment of the present specification, comprises the steps of: acquiring beamforming structure information and/or frame structure information; generating resource allocation information for channel state information (CSI)-reference signal (RS) by using the acquired beamforming structure information and/or frame structure information; and transmitting the resource allocation information. According to the one embodiment of the present specification, resource allocation can be efficiently performed.


To feed into and inform this meeting, a series of online discussions are being held on selected thematic areas. This ICN2 online discussion "Nutrition-enhancing agriculture and food systems" builds on earlier FSN Forum debates "Linking Agriculture, Food Systems, and Nutrition: What's your perspective?" and "Making agriculture work for nutrition: Prioritizing country-level action, research and support". It invites you to share evidence and exchange views on how to improve policies, programmes and interventions for making agriculture and food systems more responsive to nutrition. Policy and programme options as well as institutional arrangements for improving diets and raising levels of nutrition, particularly of the poorest and most nutritionally vulnerable, as well as ways to improve monitoring and evaluation of their impact and cost-effectiveness will be sought.


Impaired pulmonary gas exchange resulting in arterial hypoxemia is frequently observed in patients during general anesthesia. Recent animal investigations have revealed that pulmonary hypoxia‐induced vasoconstriction (a local mechanism which redistributes pulmonary blood flow from poorly to more amply ventilated regions) is abolished by commonly used inhalation anesthetics. Injectable anesthetics do not have this effect.


The first author has recently investigated a type of Hyers-Ulam stability of the one-dimensional time independent Schrödinger equation when the relevant system has a rectangular potential barrier of finite height. In the present paper, we will investigate a type of Hyers-Ulam stability of the Schrödinger equation with the symmetric parabolic wall potential.


Because thruster performance and the durability of electric propulsion differ between ground tests and space operations, it is important to evaluate the rarefied propellant flow within the vacuum test facility. Through numerical analysis for rarefied propellant flow within a vacuum chamber, results confirmed that vacuum pump arrangement and thruster location influenced the propellant flow, and that a conical target installation is somewhat useful. The average pressure within the chamber is proportional to the average distance between the thruster and the pumps.


BACKGROUND
8-iso-PGF2α is a family of PGF2α that could be offered as a non-invasive tool to represent in vivo oxidation status, as a link between oxidative milieus and vascular dysfunction.

METHODS
A total of 45 patients with type 2 diabetes and 45 healthy adults were studied in this cross-sectional analysis. Blood samples were collected to measure the level of lipid profile, oxidative stress, and glycemic control indices. The sensitivity and specificity of 8-iso-PGF2α as a screening test were analyzed in the cut-off range 252 - 377.5 pg/mL and the corresponding receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were plotted to assess performance of the test.

RESULTS
8-iso-PGF2α level was significantly higher in the diabetic group (439.11 pg/mL ± 181.13 vs. 380.93 pg/mL ± 146.52). After adjustments for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), linear regression analysis revealed that homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum creatinine, insulin, oxLDL, and CRP levels are directly correlated with 8-iso-PGF2α in the 25% - 75% quartiles. Moreover, their mean levels were higher in quartiles with greater 8-iso-PGF2α levels. The cut-offs showing the best equilibrium between sensitivity and specificity approached 269.5 pg/mL with 83% and 62.5% sensitivity and specificity, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study provides evidence for the application of serum 8-isoPGF2α in the 25 - 75% quartile ranges to screen for the severity of oxidative reactions and glycemic control in vivo without need for any further in vitro enzymatic reactions, with higher levels, reflecting more severe oxidation and poor glycemic control.


can be reached, and uses a path search strategy to guarantee an upper bound on the adaptivity. We implement our program analysis and show that it can help to analyze the adaptivity of several concrete data analyses with different adaptivity structures.


This corpus-based study of verbal collocational patterns of the two English verbs 'accommodate' and 'detect' has found that these verbs are collocated with lexical modal expressions such as 'enough,' 'impossible,' and 'hard' in the higher clause of these verbs. Unlike those collocations with restrictions on the range of permissible collocates which are taken to be part of native speakers' knowledge of the language (Cruse 1986 ; Atkins and Levin 1991), these lexical modal collocates of the verbs are found to have no such restrictions. Although the I-scores of the collocations such as 'able to accommodate' and 'impossible to detect' indicate that the strength of lexical attraction between the verbs and their higher clause collocates appears to be higher than 6.0, these collocations are found to be different from restriction-based collocations in nature. This paper argues that frequency-based high I-score itself cannot be taken as a legitimate indication for the position that these collocations under study should be treated as part of the verbs' semantic information.


Packet classification involves the categorization of packets within network systems, such as firewalls and routers, based on their flow. Its primary objective is to match packet headers with a predefined set of filters. In this research, we propose a system that utilizes the source IP address of each incoming packet for packet classification. By employing a rule set, the system can determine whether to grant or deny access to each packet. The algorithm examines the source IP address header field of received packets on a specific link and compares it against a collection of rules. It then outputs the action associated with the highest priority rule that corresponds to the packet header. Ultimately, the classification of individual packets is based on the action specified in the rule set.


This study examines how teachers' frameworks for human development, curriculum, and mathematics influence how they interpret children's mathematical thinking. The teachers in the study were participants in a professional development project to help them implement cognitively-guided instruction (CGI) in their mathematics instruction. Data on teacher beliefs, interpretations of children's solutions to mathematics problems, and instructional decision making were gathered. Results suggest that teachers focus most frequently and very consistently on the curriculum framework. The increasing importance of the developmental framework appears to be due to the increased attention paid by teachers to the different kinds of solution strategies used by students. (Author/ASK) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Teachers' Frameworks for Understanding Children's Mathematical Thinking PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) tO) ^ George W. Bright, Anita H. Bowman, & Nancy N. Vacc Department of Curriculum and Instruction The University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro, NC 27402-6171 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as ' received from the person or organization riginating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. In this study we examined how teacher's frameworks for human development, curriculum, and mathematics influenced how they interpreted children's mathematical thinking. These frameworks would presumably act as filters for deciding what aspects of students' explanations need to be addressed and what aspects could be ignored. The teachers in the study were participants in a professional development project to help them implement cognitively guided instruction (CGI) in their mathematics instruction. In implementing CGI, teachers learn to assess students' thinking, primarily through listening to students explain solutions to mathematics problems, and then use that knowledge to plan instruction (Carpenter, Fennema, Peterson, Chiang, & Loef, 1989; Fennema, Carpenter, Franke, Levi, Jacobs, & Empson, 1996). As part of this project, we are gathering data on teachers' beliefs, interpretations of children's solutions to mathematics problems, and instructional decision making. Here we analyze the frameworks that seemed to have been used by project participants as they analyzed a transcript of interactions between a first grade teacher and three of her students. This study covered the time period from the beginning of implementation of CGI to the end of the second year of that implementation (May 1995 June 1997). Human development. Most teachers seem to be aware of general characteristics of children's cognitive development. For example, the general stages of development often ascribed to Piaget are quite familiar to teachers. However, teachers often "know" these general stages only as they apply to children as a group rather than to children as individuals. A potentially more useful framework for understanding learning has been suggested by Fosnot (1996, pp. 29-30) since it speaks to the connections between learning and teaching. Learning is not the result of development; learning is development. It requires invention and self-organization on the part of the learner. Thus teachers need to allow learners to raise their own questions, generate their own hypotheses and models as possibilities, and test them for viability. Paper presented at the annual meeting of American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, 1998 April. page 1 BEST COPY AVAIL ILE 2 Disequilibrium facilitates learning. "Errors" need to be perceived as a result of learners' conceptions and therefore not minimized or avoided. Challenging, open-ended investigations in realistic, meaningful contexts need to be offered, thus allowing learners to explore and generate many possibilities, both affirming and contradictory. Contradictions, in particular, need to be illuininated, explored, and discussed. Reflective abstraction is the driving force of learning. As meaning-makers, humans seek to organize and generalize across experiences in a representational form. Allowing reflection time through journal writing, representation in multisymbolic form, and/or discussion of connections across experiences or strategies may facilitate reflective abstraction. Dialogue within a community engenders further thinking. The classroom needs to be seen as a "community of discourse engaged in activity, reflection and conversation".... The learners (rather than the teacher) are responsible for defending, proving, justifying, and communicating their ideas to the classroom community. Ideas are accepted as truth only insofar as they make sense to the community and thus rise to the level of "taken-asshared." Learning proceeds toward the development of structures. As learners struggle to make meaning, progressive structural shifts in perspective are constructed in a sense, "big ideas".... These "big ideas are learner-constructed, central organizing principles that can be generalized across experiences and that often require the undoing or reorganizing of earlier conceptions. This process continues throughout development. This framework seems consistent with the goals of CGI. Further, its underlying philosophy seems supportive of teachers' developing specific understanding of individual children. The Levels of Cognitively Guided Instruction and Levels of Teachers' Cognitively Guided Beliefs (Fennema, et al., 1996) speak specifically to this issue. At the lowest level, a teacher "provides few, if any, opportunities for children to engage in problem solving or to share their thinking" (p. 412) and "does not believe that children can solve problems without instruction" (p. 413). At the highest level, a teacher "provides opportunities for children to be involved in a variety of problem-solving activities [as well as] elicits children's thinking, attends to children sharing their thinking, and adapts instruction according to what is shared" (p. 412). Further, the teacher "believes that children can solve problems without instruction across mathematics content domains and that what he or she knows about children's thinking should inform his or her decision making, both regarding interactions with the students and curriculum design" (p. 413). Further, as teachers became more expert at implementing CGI, their understanding of "CGI knowledge" in the form of Paper presented at the annual meeting of Atnerican Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, 1998 April. page 2 taxonomies of problem types (e.g., join change unknown) and children's solution strategies for those problems (e.g., direct modeling, counting, derived facts) becomes richer and more accessible. It would be reasonable to expect, therefore, that teachers' interpretations of a child's development might shift from a Pigetian framework to the more specifically mathematicallyoriented framework evident in CGI. These differences might be manifest in teachers' examination of children's verbalizations in response to questions asking them to explain their thinking. What teachers see as important in those responses might reveal teachers' thinking about the nature of both mathematics and children's thinking about mathematics. Thus, from one perspective, this study can be viewed as being designed to determine whether teachers used general frameworks (e.g., Pigetian) that speak to children as a group or more specific frameworks that speak to understanding children as individuals. Curriculum. In North Carolina, where this study was conducted, there is a Standard Course of Study (SCOS) for mathematics, grades K-8, approved by the State Board of Education. This document contains mathematics objectives for each grade level which teachers are expected to "cover" during a year's instruction. In grades 3-8, there are end-of-grade tests which are designed to determine whether students have acquired the prescribed mathematics knowledge. Because teachers are responsible for teaching the content in the SCOS, they are usually cognizant of the objectives for their grades and for the grade that immediately follows. This seems especially true for teachers who have taught the same grade for multiple years. The curriculum framework provided by the SCOS, then, might be chosen by teachers as one way of interpreting whether students have acquired the appropriate kinds of mathematics knowledge. Teachers who are implementing CGI might begin with a strong curriculum framework for understanding students' thinking. However, as noted by Fennema et al. (1996), as teachers move toward higher levels of CGI instruction and beliefs, they might be expected to move away from abstract curriculum as a framework and more toward identification of individual students' strategies as an alternate way of interpreting children's thinking. Mathematics. There are two major views of mathematics that teachers might adopt. One is "mathematics as a static discipline developed abstractly" (Dossey, 1992, p. 39) which would presumably be that adopted by teachers who do a lot of modeling and demonstrating for students. An alternate view is "mathematics as a dynamic discipline, constatntly changing as a result of new discoveries" (Dossey, 1992, p. 39). This view seems more in line not only with notions of social construction of shared knowedge but also with the view of the NCTM's Standards documents. As teachers implement CGI an


Research in Corporate and Social Performance and Policy, Volume 1 Volume 2 Volume 3 Volume 4 Lee E. Preston

Corporate social and political activities have sharply increased during the past decade, and research and scholarly interests have correspondingly intensified. Original articles by new and leading figures in the field are now assembled in an annual series edited by Lee E. Preston, and the four volumes to date have given structure to the study of social responsibility and performance by the nation's leading firms. Responsible corporate behavior may not improve profitability, the volumes suggest, but it does make for a better business climate, and companies are increasingly incorporating social and political objectives into their strategic planning.


World production of bulk drugs for human medicine will hit 530 million lb in 1985, worth $7.9 billion. This volume represents a 4% rise over the 510 million lb produced in 1984. The value is 6% greater than the $7.4 billion of last year. These figures for bulk medicinal chemicals bear no relation to the volumes or manufacturers' values of finished dosage forms or to the eventual retail value of dosage forms. The figures also do not include medicinal chemicals for veterinary, agricultural, or nonmedical uses. Of the 530 million lb to be produced worldwide this year, only one quarter or 140 million lb will be made in the U.S., although this country will consume one third or 180 million lb of that. This excess of domestic consumption over production continues a long-term trend of decisions, even by American discovery and generic drug firms, to have bulk compounds made outside the U.S. Western European firms ...


The purpose of the present paper was to briefly review longitudinal interdisciplinary studies on aging and cross‐sectional studies for investigating problems in the aged society that were carried out in Koganei city, a suburb of Tokyo between 1976 and 1991. The signifi‐cance of the Koganei Study is emphasized from the viewpoint of pioneering gerontological reseach in Japan.


In this letter, we highlight the possibility of using ChatGPT (Open AI, San Francisco, CA, USA) for research in ophthalmology. The introduction of ChatGPT in November 2022 led to a total of 138 PubMed-indexed articles on the subject and a heated debate regarding its utility in research, especially as a writing tool for research articles. There are concerns about its accuracy in performing literature reviews; only 34% of articles were accurately identified when ChatGPT was asked to identify 10 seminal publications in medicine. The poor performance in identifying seminal publications was thought to be due to medicine being a comprehensive field which could have been confusing for the app. In this letter, we evaluated ChatGPTs ability to perform a literature review for dry eye disease. ChatGPT was asked to 'List top ten seminal articles on dry eye disease with DOI' and find articles on 'meibography AND dry eye disease'. Of the 10 articles 'on dry eye disease with DOI', 70% of articles and 60% of DOI were nonexistent. For the three article titles that were correctly identified, their DOI was incorrect. Below is the excerpt of our correspondence with ChatGPT (Mar 10 version). Prompt 1: List 10 seminal articles on dry eye disease along with DOI. As an example-top two articles from ChatGPT response:


Recently the near complete cDNA of the regulatory atrial myosin light chain (MLC-2a) was cloned. The atrial specific isoform has been shown to be a useful molecular marker for cardiac chamber specification. Therefore, the regulatory sequence of the gene will provide clues on cardiomyocyte differentiation and atrial specific transcription regulation. Here we report the identification of the murine genomic sequence of the MLC-2a gene (Mylc2a). The entire 5′ flanking region was identified and sequenced. In addition, the exon-intron boundaries and 3′ flanking region were determined. Sequence comparison revealed the presence of the final exon (11) of the mouse glucokinase gene on chromosome 11, 2.0 kb upstream of the Mylc2a transcription start site. In addition, we compared the structure of the gene to other myosin light chains to show evolutionary conservation. The intron-exon boundaries turned out to be highly conserved and an increasing intron size in more complex mammalian species was found. At the amino acid level there is 95% homology between the human and mouse MLC-2a sequence.