Network traffic classification is used to identify the nature of traffic on a network. Entities capable of monitoring net-work traffic use classification for all manner of reasons, including identification of mobile applications being used on the network. It is possible that the usage of encrypted messaging applications by users on these networks can be detected, betraying elements of their privacy.In this paper, we describe a system that leverages campus network resources to generate real-world data alongside a more curated dataset captured from Android application traffic. We also explore the ability of machine learning (ML) models to accurately classify traffic from these encrypted messaging applications. Understanding what is revealed from network data is important given that the use of these applications is meant to maximize privacy in the first place.


In December 2019, there was a flare-up of the unidentified reason for pneumonia that overwhelmed the vast majority of the world This infection has a place with β-corona virus, an enormous class of infections common in nature On the 11th of February 2020, W H O named this disease as COVID-19 (Corona virus Disease 2019) This novel corona virus is to be believed to get spread from the bat and later on a human to human transmission These patients gave indications of extreme pneumonia including fever, weakness, dry cough and respiratory trouble Still, the exact mechanism of its approach has not been cleared yet But it's said to be the same as the previous strain of it like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV It has been affirmed that the COVID-19 also uses the cell section receptor i e ;ACE2 as the SARS-CoV The COVID-19 said to transmit starting with one then onto the next individual, so it is important to totally intrude on human-to-human transmission Another method to control the spread is to avoid the diligence of corona viruses on inanimate surfaces because of various kinds of materials it can stay irresistible for 2 hours as long as 9 days The typical standards are keeping up hydration and sustenance and controlling fever and cough The typical standards are keeping up hydration and sustenance and controlling fever and cough But still, the previously used antiviral drugs as well as like antibody and convalescent plasma as a potential therapy were used in the treatment


We introduce a stochastic lattice model to investigate the effects of pore formation in a passive layer grown with products of metal corrosion. It considers that an anionic species diffuses across that layer and reacts at the corrosion front (metal-oxide interface), producing a random distribution of compact regions and large pores, respectively represented by O (oxide) and P (pore) sites. O sites are assumed to have very small pores, so that the fraction $\Phi$ of P sites is an estimate of the porosity, and the ratio between anion diffusion coefficients in those regions is $D_{\text r} 0$ and $D_{\text r}\ll 1$, significant changes are observed in passive layer growth and corrosion front roughness. For small $\Phi$, a slowdown of the growth rate is observed, which is interpreted as a consequence of the confinement of anions in isolated pores for long times. However, the presence of large pores near the corrosion front increases the frequency of reactions at those regions, which leads to an increase in the roughness of that front. This model may be a first step to represent defects in a passive layer which favor pitting corrosion.


We further investigate the internal structure of a valon and determine the gluon distribution in a manner consistent with the analysis of low-p/sub T/ reactions. We then proceed to calculate the possible production of glueballs in the target fragmentation of deep-inelastic ..nu..p scattering and discuss how glueball production might influence the rate of ''unfavored'' particle productions in the fragmentation of hadrons.


Objective To explore the relationship between depression and personality,social support.Methods A total of 1 100 college students were collected with stratified-cluster sampling in Xinxiang city and asked to complete Percived Social Support(PSSS),Eyscenk Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D).Results The prevalence rate of depression was 81% among the students.Family support,friend support,other support,and perceived social support had negative correlations with depression(r=-0.163,-0.202,-0.219,-0.214;P0.001 for all).EPQ-neuroticlsm(N) and EPQ-psychoticism(P) had significant positive correlation with depression(r=0.398,0.247).EPQ-extraversion(E) and EPQ-lie(L) were negative predicators of depression(r=-0.172,-0.120).There were obvious positive correlations among the the dimensionalities of PSSS and EPQ-E and EPQ-L,EPQ-N and EPQ-P had significant negative correlations with the dimensionalities of PSSS.Conclusion Depression among college students needs to be concerned.Depression and personality are closely related to social support.


Abstract The universities played a pivotal role in the shaping of English religious consciousness during the seventeenth century. Their own religious identity was, however, subject to considerable flux and factiousness. As some scholars have recently observed, the theological debates' emotional charge was increased by attempts within them to create and manipulate a national Reformation 'past'. This was, however, also the period in which the universities began intensely to investigate and reflect on their own history. This essay will explore how the early investigators of the universities' medieval relgious life and part in the Reformation were effected by the crises of the Jacobean and Caroline Church. The exploration is focused on the contrasting approaches of Thomas Fuller's History of the University of Cambridge (1655) and Anthony Wood's History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford (1675). The piece also explores how influential on these contrasting writers was John Foxe's 'authoritative' depiction of the universities' religious past in Acts and Monuments.


The application of biometric identification technology is more widely used by people,especially fingerprint identification technology.The following design base on ARM9 as the core of hardware platform,and an Linux kernel is embedded in it.Optimized algorithms of fingerprint identification are transplanted to software and hardware platform combined with the hardware features.Experiments showed that the system is stable,the algorithm efficiency and the precision are higher.It is certain reference value in the embedded biometric identification technology.


Current, voltage, x‐ray, and witness plate measurements of the diode characteristics of the Nereus accelerator (150 kV, 50 kA) have shown that the composition of the anode can have a profound effect on the properties of the electron beam. In particular, if the anode is heated to remove absorbed gases and volatile impurities, the diode impedance holds up longer than in the case of an anode having an unprepared surface or one that has been covered with an easily vaporized low‐Z substance (which leads to very rapid diode shorting). The fact that the anode surface can influence the electron current less than 10 ns into the beam pulse, before space‐charge‐limited electron flow has been established, indicates that ions, plasmas, or photons are generated at the anode and cross the diode gap before the electron beam has deposited more than 1 cal/cm2 into the anode.


Abstract Thirteen Australian parents of stuttering children participated in a parent education program based on Thomas Gordon's Parent Effectiveness Training program. Tape recordings of parent-child conversations were made before and after the parent participated in the parent education program. The conversations were analyzed in terms of the amount of verbalization of the stuttering child with each parent and the level of fluency of a stuttering child with each parent. An analysis of the results showed the stuttering children to significantly (p <.0473) increase the number of words used when talking with their mother and significantly (p <.0218) decrease their percentage of stuttering when speaking with their father.


The working conditions in the industrial sector have changed over the last 30 years. Because of restructuring and downsizing, many unskilled manual workers have been put out of work. Nowadays, industrial workers have to be more skilled and autonomous to cope with an ever demanding job as in the past, but in a new way. We propose here a short synthesis of studies about these new working conditions.


We have been developing a high-speed simulator and micro-grid emulator for real-time energy management system. In this paper, we describe our new fast simulation model for PV system that will allow us to simulate 24-hour data in less than 5 sec. We use this simulator to make estimations and verify our management strategies. We have proposed a hybrid DC/AC micro-grid system in our previous work. The proposed system consists of several renewable energy supply sources and a secondary battery connected to the DC bus line while load and utility-grid are connected to the AC bus line. When the renewable energy power becomes lower than the demand, additional power is supplied from the secondary battery and the utility-grid. To optimally control the state of energy balance, it is necessary to develop a simulator for operational analysis. In addition, verification of simulation and emulation using real devices is essential. As for realization of emulator, a high-speed simulator is effective in predicting and analyzing system that incorporate energy usage patterns, running cost, and other factors. The proposed micro-grid emulator can realize seamless operation between simulation and emulation by using our revolutionary model. The verification results show that the proposed simulator and emulator are effective in the energy management strategies and to draw up optimum control operation of micro-grid system.


Biometry is the branch of statistics which is considered with applications in the biological sciences. The hip bone is considered as it provides the highest accuracy level for sex determination as it provides the highest accuracy level for sex determination. Biometry of anterior border of the human skeleton and its clear sexual dimorphism make it important step encountered by both forensic experts and archaeologists. For the present study total 100 normal dry human hip bones (64 males & 36 females) were studied. With the use of vernier calliper, stainless steel scale and osteometric board, various parameters were measured. Parameters used were distance from anterior superior iliac spine to anterior inferior iliac spine (ASIS- AIIS), the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to symphysial surface (ASIS-SS) and index I and index II were measured. In present study significant statistical difference was seen in the mean value. These variables could be for sex determination from the human hip bone.


Osteoarthritis (OA) is Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) associated with pain, inflammation and cartilage degradation resulting in lameness. This state is irreversible and actual conventional therapies are not able to provide regeneration of damaged tissue. Current therapies, mainly NSAIDs, have many adverse effects and are not able to stop degenerative process


Training Biomedical Engineers presents major challenges because of the different backgrounds they are coming from. These activities should stimulate the student's professional skills and, in the particular case of a Master Degree, this is even more complicated. It represents a higher educational level where students should increase and improve their ability to solve problems related to very different areas such as the engineering and biomedical. The Biomedical Master Degree shared between the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya and the Universitat de Barcelona has students coming with extremely different backgrounds, from the medical or biological to the engineering profile. Taking into account this situation, we have developed a 4-days multidisciplinary charge activity in a particular course of Biomedical Devices. It is focused on the amperometric sensors and in the conception and application of biopotentiostat amplifiers. Regardless the student's profile the activity is focused in such a way that everyone has to work actively in the experience. This paper presents a proposal based on cooperative learning strategy and the feedback that students give to the learning process as a first approach for future improvements.


We propose learning particular word embeddings along with Feature selection and Emotion Detection in the paper. Existing word installing learning calculations commonly just utilize the settings of words however overlook the notion of writings. It is unsafe for estimation examination in light of the way that the words with similar settings yet converse supposition furthest point, for instance. By combining setting and estimation level evidences, the nearest neighbours in evaluation embeddings space are semantically tantamount and it favours words with a comparable inclination furthest point. Remembering the true objective to learn estimation embeddings effectively, we develop different neural frameworks with fitting disaster limits, and assemble tremendous messages normally with supposition signals like emoticons as the planning data.


The requirements of acting Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RS) Rules do not permit the usage of welded stem and stern for high arctic class vessels and icebreakers. At the same time, welded structures are more effective in the way of technology and economy, in comparison with cast and forged analogs, what is approved by the number of new projects of ships. The main purposes of this research are: determination of applicability of welded sterns and stems on ships under consideration, from the technological and scientific points of view; rate the strength of welded structure; formulate basic requirements and methods of testing of such structures. The article gives the key results of the R&D work devoted to this problem; analysis of the requirements of acting rules of different classification societies — IACS members; typical structures of welded stems, analysis of a number of strength calculations, including the Finite element method analysis (FEM); validation of the update of acting RS Rules. The authors made an analysis of existing tests of welded samples, overviewed means of their application to the welded structures, operating in low-temperature conditions. It was shown in the article that the most important strength parameters of such structures are the cold-resistance and crack growth resistance within the welding zone. In this way the authors gave recommendation for rationalization of existing criteria of the assessment of these parameters. As a result, it is stated, that for today the welded stems may be used for the ships with ice lasses Ice1-Arc7, and for the expansion of this assumption, a number of additional experiments are needed.


The research reported here is a follow-up on experimental work in which 16 12 in. (305 mm) square and 9 ft (2.74 m) long columns were tested under flexure to large inelastic deformations while simultaneously subjected to axial load that remained constant throughout the test. The main variables included the dis tribution of longitudinal and lateral steel, amount of lateral steel, tie spacing, and axial load level. In this paper, the predictions for the behavior of these specimens from the available stress-strain models for confined concrete are compared with the test results. After a critical examination of the analytical models and the var iables that affect the behavior of the specimens, a model originally proposed for concentric compression was modified to include the effects of strain gradient and the level of axial load. As a result of strain gradient, the concrete is able to sustain additional deformation at and beyond the peak stress. The effect of increased axial load is incorporated with reduced concrete strength. A numerical example is pre sented in which the use of a rectangular stress block representing the actual stress- strain curve of concrete obtained from the confinement model is demonstrated.


Coordination mechanism is a highlighted topic of Wireless Sensor and Actor Network (WSAN) in recent years. The characteristics and design requirements for network architecture of WSAN were summarized;the research challenges and principal solutions of several coordination mechanisms between the sensor and the actor for saving energy consumption or obtaining high reliability were descibed;the problems of usage domain overlapping,reliability and event ordering were analyzed. Finally,some future research problems were pointed out primarily.


OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for liver cancer. METHODS: The clinical data of 40 cases with liver cancer treated with HIFU were retrospectively analyzed. Before and after HIFU treatment, the clinical symptoms, Liver functional tests, AFP and CT or MRI were evaluated.RESULTS: After HIFU treatment, the remission rate of clinical symptoms was 82.4% (28/34). The remission rate of liver functional tests was 88.9%(32/36). AFP in 80%(16/20) patients decreased ≥50% of the original value. (After) HIFU, CT or MRI showed coagulative necrosis and blood supply reduction or disappearance of tumor in the target region. CONCLUSION: HIFU is an effective, safe and no damage nonivade method for curing liver cancer.


As part of a three-part series on current statistical specifications for hot mix asphalt paving mixtures, discusses Percent Defective (PD), or Percent Within Limits (PWL), specifications. The article describes the AASHTO guides for setting PWL, including sampling techniques, pay factors and test methods.


The early fault impulses of rolling bearing are often submerged by harmonic interferences and background noise. In this paper, a fault diagnosis scheme called probabilistic principal component analysis assisted optimal scale average of erosion and dilation hat filter (OSAEDH-PPCA) is presented for the fault detection of rolling bearing. Based on morphological erosion operator and morphological dilation operator, a new morphological top-hat operator, namely average of erosion and dilation hat (AEDH) operator is firstly proposed to extract the fault impulses in the vibration signal. Simulation analysis shows the filter characteristics of proposed AEDH operator. Comparative analyses demonstrate that the feature extraction property of the AEDH operator is superior to existing top-hat operators. Then, the probabilistic principal component analysis is introduced to enhance the filter property of AEDH for highlighting the fault feature information of rolling bearing further. Experimental signals collected from the test rig and the engineering are employed to validate the availability of proposed method. Experimental results show that the OSAEDH-PPCA can effectively extract the early fault impulses from vibration signal of rolling bearing. Comparison results verify that the OSAEDH-PPCA has advantage in early fault detection of rolling bearing than other morphological filters in existence.


Introduction. Approximately 15% of adolescents in the United States suffer from one or more chronic conditions. And 50% of adolescents with chronic illness do not completely adhere to their treatment regimens, and many report decreased emotional wellbeing. While social support has been widely investigated as a factor related to improved quality of life (QoL) in adults with chronic illness, it is less understood in relation to the adolescent chronic illness population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand how 4 forms of social support – nondirective emotional, nondirective instrumental, directive emotional, and directive instrumental – affect the physical, social emotional, and school QoL of adolescents with chronic illness. It was hypothesized that (1) nondirective emotional support from both parents and friends will have a positive relationship with physical, social, emotional, and school QoL; (2) adolescents will perceive greater nondirective and directive instrumental support from parents than from friends, and greater nondirective and directive emotional support from friends than from parents; (3) parental support will be positively associated with physical QoL; and (4) peer support will be positively associated with psychosocial (i.e. social, emotional, and school) QoL. Methods. Data used in this study came from Robinson, Maslow, Wolbert, Sim, Bickford, Fisher, & Ferris's (2010) The Development of Character for Youth With Chronic Illness Study which utilized a 30-minute web-based questionnaire that was completed by 171 adolescent participants of Victory Junction Gang Camp, a camp for children and adolescents with chronic conditions. In the Robinson et al. (2010) study, quality of life was assessed with the PedsQLTM and social support was assessed with the Social Support for Adolescents Scale. Results. There were no statistically significant relationships between type of social support from friends and quality of life. The only statistically significant finding was a positive relationship between nondirective emotional support from parents and emotional quality of life, when controlling for the covariates of age, race, gender, and physical disability. Conclusions. Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed. WHO HELPS AND HOW? 4


The synthesis process of magnesium ferrite was studied by thermal analysis method.The DSC experiment of the synthesis reaction of magnesium ferrite was made with active magnesia and chemical reagent Fe2O3 in static air atmosphere at different temperature rise as 10,15 and 20 K/min.The kinetics parameters,the mechanism function and the activation energy of the synthesis reaction of magnesium ferrite were calculated by Kissinger equation,Ozawa equation and Achar-Brindley-Sharp-Wendworth equation.The DSC curves of the mixture of active magnesia and chemical reagent Fe2O3 show that the formation of magnesium ferrite is evident from 1 500 K to 1 650 K,the activation energy of the reaction is 626.83-652.60 kJ/mol,and the function of the reaction mechanism of magnesium ferrite is fit for the model of nucleation forming and growing at random.


Robot introspection, as opposed to anomaly detection typical in process monitoring, helps a robot understand what it is doing at all times. A robot should be able to identify its actions not only when failure or novelty occurs, but also as it executes any number of sub-tasks. As robots continue their quest of functioning in unstructured environments, it is imperative they understand what is it that they are actually doing to render them more robust. This work investigates the modeling ability of Bayesian nonparametric techniques on Markov Switching Process to learn complex dynamics typical in robot contact tasks. We study whether the Markov switching process, together with Bayesian priors can outperform the modeling ability of its counterparts: an HMM with Bayesian priors and without. The work was tested in a snap assembly task characterized by high elastic forces. The task consists of an insertion subtask with very complex dynamics. Our approach showed a stronger ability to generalize and was able to better model the subtask with complex dynamics in a computationally efficient way. The modeling technique is also used to learn a growing library of robot skills, one that when integrated with low-level control allows for robot online decision making. Supplemental info can be found at [1].


The temperature inside the transformer box can reflect its real-time operating status, so the temperature variation can be used to judge the safe operation of the transformer. The tank, iron core and winding of a natural oil circulation transformer are simulated and calculated, so that the temperature field distribution is obtained, which provides a reference for studying the running state of the transformer. It can be concluded that the transformer winding and core temperature are significantly higher than the transformer box temperature at the same height; the transformer winding temperature is higher than the core temperature, and the low-voltage winding temperature is the highest.


On the basis of the Green function method, analytical solutions of the diffusion equation which describes nonstationary migration of nonequilibrium interstitial impurity atoms have been derived. It is supposed that the initial distribution of nonequilibrium impurity interstitials is formed due to ion implantation and, therefore, is described by the Gaussian function. The condition of the constant concentration of impurity interstitials (the Dirichlet boundary condition) or reflecting boundary condition was imposed on the surface of a semiconductor. The Dirichlet boundary condition was also enforced for the concentration of impurity interstitials in the infinity, i.e., in the bulk of a semiconductor. On the basis of the solutions derived the redistribution of ion-implanted boron in silicon substrate during low-temperature thermal treatment has been simulated. The calculated profile of boron atoms after annealing agrees well with experimental data. It means that the analytical solutions derived can be used both for verifying the numerical results and for modeling the long-range migration of nonequilibrium impurity interstitials during low-temperature thermal treatments.


Leiomyoma in pregnancy is not an unknown entity and is a cause of concern for being a source of excruciating pain, at times, during the ongoing gestation. Although performed rarely, it is sometimes necessary to remove a large myoma to effect delivery of the baby during Cesarean section as is depicted in the case being presented here under.


Martin Luther King, Jr. has employed rich rhetorical devices in his speech Where Do We Go From Here, including syntactic devices, such as parallelism, antithesis, chiasmus and semantic devices such as metaphor, paradox, transferred epithet, allusion, metonymy, etc. The proper employment of these rhetorical devices has played an indispensable role in improving the persuasiveness and appeal of the speech.


Contrary to popular belief, Kant's ethics is not simply a formalist or purist program which regards anthropology, biology, psychology, etc., as irrelevant to the understanding of human morality. Rather, he states explicitly and repeatedly that ethics proper consists of two parts: a pure (nonempirical) part and an impure (empirical) part. One of the best sources of information concerning this second part of Kant's ethics is his writing on education. In the present essay several themes from his Lectures on Pedagogy are highlighted, in particular its message of " species perfectionism." It is argued that this ideal, though clearly " over the top," should nevertheless guide educational policy.


A method and apparatus for the perceptual coding of audio signals in which perceptual noise shaping is achieved in the time domain by performing a (linear) prediction (i.e., filtering) in the frequency domain. As a result, the temporal spread of quantization noise is reduced. Specifically, according to one illustrative embodiment of the present invention, a method comprises decomposition of the audio signal into a plurality of spectral component signals; generating a prediction signal representative of a prediction of one of said spectral component signals, said prediction based on one or more other ones of said spectral component signals; comparing the prediction signal with said one of said spectral component signals to generate a prediction error signal; coding said one of said spectral component signals based on the prediction error signal to generate a coded spectral component signal; and generating the encoded signal based on the coded spectral component signal.


Introduction: Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs have some associated adverse events that may jeopardize confidence in their safety and alter patient adherence to ARV therapy. Various forms of peripheral neuropathy are associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its management, and these occur at various stages of HIV disease. This study is aimed at exploring the relationship between peripheral neuropathy and ARV drugs used in the management of adult HIV patients who access care in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi, a tertiary health facility in South-East Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study is a review of 7,280 ARV-experienced adult HIV-positive patients' medical records at NAUTH Nnewi, between July 2005 and July 2009. The adverse events electronic data base was searched, 156 patients with reported adverse events were identified and all data of 52 enrollees with peripheral neuropathies (PN) who met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Results: Median duration of treatment with ARV drugs was 42 weeks. The prevalence of neuropathy was high among the widowed females and those greater than 40 years ( P P P P Conclusion: If co-morbidities are treated in HIV patients, offending drugs such as stavudine, replaced with alternatives like Tenofovir in the management of their medical condition and socio-demographic variables considered in the selection of treatment modalities, the incidence of peripheral neuropathy among HIV patients on ARV drugs will markedly reduce.


Newly qualified nurses across Britain are struggling to find work in the NHS, with many quitting the profession rather than face a life on the dole.


The Old Testament writers often evince a willingness to tell the truth about the past even when the purpose for doing so is either not immediately clear or seemingly counterproductive. I will suggest that such transparency has a theological significance for people today. I then move to the work of Cornel West who has called for a reversal of American historical amnesia, the widespread tendency in America to evade the difficult episodes of our nation's past. So this article combines the biblical testimony about Israel's infelicitous past with the contemporary call to apply that same transparent introspection within American culture.


The development of mild and practical methods for the γ-arylation of carbonyl compounds is an ongoing challenge in organic synthesis. The first formal γ-arylation of carbonyl compounds via radical relay cross-coupling of α-bromocarbonyl precursors with boronic acids in the presence of alkenes is reported. This directing-group-free protocol allows for the rapid and straightforward access to a wide range of γ-arylated esters, ketones, and amides under ambient conditions with excellent functional group tolerance.


Above all, it is important to remember that sexuality is a complicated issue! In reality, there is no specific way to determine the exact proportion of individuals that fall under the category of ?homosexual.? While some people identify as either gay or straight consistently throughout their lives, a sizeable proportion of people do not. As a result, classifications such as ?heterosexual? and ?homosexual,? confine individuals into categories and do not fully describe the diverse and ever-changing nature of human sexuality.


As per the Indian Government data approximately 1.51 lakh people lost their life in road accidents in 2019, which means every year approximately 2,32,140 people die in India due to road accident. Indian roads witnessed more accidents on bright sunny days as compared to rainy or foggy days in 2019 according to Indian Government data. The main objective of this paper proposes to decrease the number of road accidents caused due to weather conditions. This system analyzes the amount of risk in terms of percentage present in that particular area based on the present weather conditions and previously collected dataset. This system detects current weather conditions using google weather API. Also the system uses logistic regression algorithm to determine the amount of risk in terms of percentage present in the particular area. The logistic regression algorithm shows a better performance with 90 percent of accuracy. Keywords—road accidents, deaths, risk factors, google weather API, logistic regression.


The set of integers of the quadratic field $\Qp{; ; d}; ; $ has the property $D(z)$ if the product of its any two distinct elements increased by $z$ is a perfect square in $\Qp{; ; d}; ; $. In the case $d=2$, we prove that there exists infinitely many integer quadruples with the property $D(z)$ if and only if $z$ can be represented as a difference of two squares of integers in $\Qp{; ; 2}; ; $.


Title: Waking hypnosis seventy-four years later Abstract: Experimental evidence gathered in the hypnosis field supports the idea that persons can feel hypnotized and respond to hypnotic suggestions without being relaxed, or showing a lethargic appearance, closed eyes included. Wak- ing hypnosis was born in a time when it could not grow up easily. Nevertheless, seventy four years later, waking hypno- sis seems to be one of the more promising areas inside the hypnosis field. We present our point of view about the positive features and advantages of waking hypnosis induc- tion methods. Finally, three empirically validated methods of waking hypnosis are described.


In this paper we consider the problem of differentially private data publishing. In particular, we consider the scenario in which a trusted curator gathers sensitive information from a large number of respondents, creates a relational dataset where each tuple corresponds to one entity, such as an individual, a household, or an organization, and then publishes a privacy-preserving (i.e., sanitized or anonymized) version of the dataset. This has been referred to as the "non-interactive" mode of private data analysis, as opposed to the "interactive" mode, where the data curator provides an interface through which users may pose queries about the data, and get (possibly noisy) answers.


Jose Pellicer de Tovar's Avisos constitute an important element in the history of the news media in 17th-c. Spain. Being a weekly manuscript news service for the benefit of one or more private clients, the Avisos followed similar lines to the Italian gazettes studied by Mario Infelise. The present study aims to analyse Pellicer's Avisos by setting them against other news media of his time, in particular earlier Spanish gazettes, the series of numbered news letters and the relations attributed to Andres de Almansa y Mendoza, the French Gazette founded by Theophraste Renaudot, the private correspondence of Quevedo, and the so-called relaciones de sucesos.


Historically, plant materials have been widely explored for their anti-proliferative effects against a variety of cancer cells, with many of them proving to be very effective. Additionally, their efficacy has been seen in the specific field of targeted cancer therapy. The use of plants for therapeutic purposes in place of or with traditional medicine is collectively referred to as complementary and alternative medicine (C.A.M). Several Jamaican Yam species have shown to be useful as C.A.M in the treatment of certain medical conditions such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and cancer. Hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast and prostate cancer are the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and when combined, is the leading cause of cancer related deaths among the Jamaican populace. These statistics unfortunately, are also reflected in the wider Caribbean region. Currently treatment involves: surgery, radiation and androgen deprivation therapy; however, there are some cases in which mutation causes further growth of the cancer cells regardless of treatment. As such, there still remains a dire need of a more effective and lasting therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the antiproliferative effects of yam material and to also deduce a possible mechanism of action in an effort to formulate a means of targeted therapy. The results showed that an alcoholic extract of the Jamaican yam tuber (Dioscorea spp.) demonstrated anti-proliferative effects in androgen insensitive prostate cancer cell lines (IC50 of 18 ppm, 95% C.I. 24-33ppm) and invasive breast cancer cell lines (IC 50 of 28 ppm, 95% C.I 36-54ppm). Western blot assays also indicated that cell death was possibly induced through the cell cycle regulatory protein, cyclin D. The antiproliferative effects and purported mechanism of action of the yam extract against some hormone-sensitive cancer cells makes it an ideal alternative for the formulation of green nanotechnology for targeted therapy. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Sasha-gay A. Wright. Cytotoxic effects of the Jamaican yam tuber in hormone-sensitive cancers and its potential use in green nanotechnology formulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4431.


A comparison of the original novels in Anthology of Famous European and American Short Stories and Zhou Shoujuan's translation version reveals that in the latter a lot of adaptation, deletion and addition can be found. All these methods can be regarded as "creative treason". In fact, it is his creative use of such methods that has localized the original novels and made them more adaptable to the traditional Chinese ethics, values, aesthetic sentiments and reading habits. Therefore, the combination of Chinese and the Western culture of ancient and contemporary ages in Zhou's translation has opened up a new horizon for Chinese literature, and has guaranteed its general acceptance in modern China.


We identify pressures on the SGP that stem from asymmetries in economic behaviour and macroeconomic policy in the euro area. The asymmetry in the way the euro economy operates with respect to inflation, growth and unemployment merits an asymmetric policy response. While Eurosystem monetary policy appears to match the concerns, the asymmetry of fiscal policy in the member states means that they tend to develop their stance in a way that is inconsistent with a long-run sustainable balance and debt ratio. This could be because they are persistently too optimistic about growth, thus generating pressure on the deficit limit which they then blame on cyclical causes. However, the main asymmetry is a failure to adjust sufficiently in the up phase of the cycle, either by cutting taxes less or controlling expenditures to offset the unwillingness to raise taxes and control expenditures in the down phase. The asymmetry in the SGP through the excessive deficit procedure helps to offset this political problem.


The spectrum of mid-infrared light scattered from an actively illuminated aerosol was used to distinguish between different chemicals. Using spectrally broad illumination from an optical parametric oscillator covering 3.2 – 3.55 μm, characteristic absorption features of two different chemicals were detected, and two similar molecules were clearly distinguished using the spectra of backscattered light from each chemical aerosol.


By improving based on the Rescaling Range analysis(R/S analysis),we estimate the Hurst exponents in the system of three IT company HP,APPLE and IBM stock. The Hurst exponents of different time scales of IBM,APPLE and HP reduce in order. It means that the price of IBM has the most stability. We verify the results combined with the financial situation.


Abstract In our previous study (Gruszecki et al., 1995) we have postulated that the mechanism of cyclic electron transport around photosystem II, active under overexcitation of the photosynthetic apparatus by light is under control of the xanthophyll cycle. The combination of different light quality and thylakoids having various levels of xanthophyll cycle pigments were applied to support this hypothesis. In the present work photosynthetic oxygen evolution from isolated tobacco chloroplasts was measured by means of mass spectrometry under conditions of high or low levels of violaxanthin, being transformed to zeaxanthin during dark incubation in an ascorbate containing buffer at pH 5.7. Analysis of oxygen evolution and of light-induced oxygen uptake indicate that the de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin results in an increased cyclic electron transport around PS II, thus dimishing the vectorial electron flow from water. An effect similar to de-epoxidation was observed after incubation of thylakoid membranes with specific antibodies against violaxanthin.


This work was supported by Australian Research Council
Discovery Program Grant No. DP0558962 and the European
Community, through the Access to Research Infrastructures
action of the Improving Human Potential Program,
Contract No. HPRI-CT-1999-00041.


A superhydrophobic silica has been utilized as adsorbed the Crude oil leaked during transport in the water of the Iraqi rivers, the capacity absorbing of the aerogel powder for crude oil has been determined. This technique is very important to get rid of environmental pollution caused by the leakage of crude oil in water, which in turn cause death of living beings, this application is an important economic wealth in the country, preliminary tests on water of rivers mixed with the crude oil, by using the aerogel in powder form to clean the water from crude oil, the study depended on two parameters are surface area and contact angle. We found that the increase on surface area lead to increasing on the capacity of adsorbing the crude oil from water, also this result with contact angle.


Isolated lungs of dogs and cats have been shown to retain their diffusion capacity for many hours(1,2), and excised dog lungs have also displayed a fair ability to function as human kidney(3). In view of the durability and adaptability of pulmonary tissue, an investigation was performed in which donor lungs were attached to the circulation of live animals, and the effects of this shunt upon blood oxygenation and upon survival of the recipient animals were studied. Although time and circumstances did not permit additional experiments for resolution of the problems involved in this procedure, this report is presented in the belief that the findings may be of use to other investigators working in this field. Experimental procedures. Mongrel laboratory dogs were used to supply the donor lungs. The animals were anesthetized (pento-barbital 30 mg/kg i.v.), heparinized (10 mg/100 ml blood), and exsanguinated; the chest was opened through a midsternum incision. The thoracic aorta was ligated in several places in order to block fluid outflow from the bronchial arteries; ligatures were also placed on the superior and inferior venae cavae, and on the azygos vein. The pulmonary artery was cannulated via the right ventricle, and a second cannula was placed in the left atrium. Polyethylene tubes were attached to the cannulae, the chest walls were sewn together with tubes emerging, and 4 to 6 liters of a 6% dextran-saline perfusion solution were pumped at low flow rate and pressure (less than 20 mm Hg) via the tubes through the lungs for several hours in order to wash out the residual blood and other antigenic substances. Then the pulmonary blood vessels were left filled with the heparin-ized perfusion fluid at a pressure intermediate between umbilical arterial (70 mm Hg) and umbilical venous (10 mm Hg)(4).


Since last decades both processes for the production of glass and ceramic materials (known by the generic name of "vitrification") and the processing of the usual ceramic materials ("sintering") are being investigated as a possible way to isolate, inmobilize and even recycling of industrial wastes as a source of "secondary raw materials". Starting from this point of view, the basis for the processing of some of wastes investigated by the author in the last decades are exposed, namely: metallurgy (muds or sludges...), residues from the production of energy (generation power plants, incinerators, nuclear power plants ...) wastes coming from the treatment of minerals and rocks (dumps, mine tailings, muds and machining of natural stone ...), as well as electrical wastes, demolition wastes and finally biomass residues which have been investigated in the recent years. This type of waste and mixtures give rise to synthetic materials with wide uses in construction and public works. Indeed, these are the only industries able to management of high volumes which may be suitable for absorbing a new range of glass, ceramic and glass-ceramic materials from all type of wastes. Experimental results obtained in last decades allow to conclude that both sintering processes as well as vitrification can be considered as an actual and useful, at least partially, for solving the environmental problems generated by all type of wastes.


For the conversion of solar irradiation directly to electricity, Photovoltaic (PV) cells play an excellent role. Absorption of radiation beyond wave length 0.35 – 0.82 µm leads to a rise in temperature and the performance is significantly reduced as a result of temperature rise. Many attempts have been made to maintain the operating temperature of the PV cells as low as possible using both water and air cooling system fitted at the back of the panel. In this project, extensive indoor and outdoor tests have been performed to develop an integrated system to filter component of solar irradiation contributing to a temperature rise of the PV panel. For indoor tests, a Compact Source Iodide (CSI) lamp has been used to conduct experiments under controlled conditions. The outdoor test was conducted under the meteorological conditions of Singapore. The component of interest, which produces electricity, will be delivered to PV cells and, hence, there will no heating effect and performance degradation. A layer of water of about 15 mm can eliminate the components of the radiation not contributing to electricity generation. Also, absorbed radiation at the water filter enables to provide hot water.


In The Electronic Silk Road: How the Web Binds the World in Commerce (Yale University Press, 2013), Anupam Chander places the globalization of information services under the spotlight. Net-Work or Trade 2.0 is the phenomenon of information services delivered remotely through communication systems, on a global scale: writing software code, calling centers, accounting, radiology and legal services, are a few of the examples discussed in the book. The service providers are located in one country (e.g., India), and the recipients are in another country, (e.g., the United States). Chander offers a rich and critical evaluation of Net-Work. He argues that the services are provided in both directions of the developed-developing countries division, with Google, Facebook and Apple serving as leading examples of the developed-to-developing direction. Enter the law, and the question becomes one of conflict of laws: which law governs online services? Chander recognizes four dimensions: legal barriers to online trade of services, an inadequate legal infrastructure, the question of jurisdiction, and the risk of balkanization, i.e., the concern that each country will impose its laws onto "its" internet environment. He offers a thoughtful and multidimensional answer, meant to both liberalize and regulate cybertrade.This review summarizes the book's main arguments, along its two main parts – the description and challenges of Trade 2.0, and the proposed normative framework. I argue that the description of net-work is somewhat too optimistic, in that it is not sufficiently sensitive to the asymmetry of the import/export balance among the developed and developing countries. The book's normative argument, I shall argue, also downplays power relationships. Acknowledging that power relationships shape what kind of services are provided by whom to whom, and that they affect the governing law, requires further nuancing of net-work. However, Chander's overall argument is attractive and offers a fresh outlook on a fast growing aspect of our digital and commercial lives.


The use of data mining techniques in systems that capture information in real time is a field with numerous possibilities that has so far been scarcely exploited. This paper presents the results of the Spanish project CONOSER (DPI2006-03060) on the adaptation of classical data mining algorithms for the real time search for association rules using time series of environmental, industrial and agricultural processes. The aim is to develop systems capable of revealing concealed and useful data to the expert in the form of rules, and that this knowledge can be continuously updated. The system developed captures information on a regular basis, pre-processes it, obtains significant patterns and refreshes the database of frequent items. Using this database, a search is made for those rules that fulfil a series of minimum conditions in terms of support and accuracy, updating the rules and selecting those that may be of use to the expert.


The Indonesian government has enforced the New Normal rule in maintaining economic stabilization and also restraining the spread of the virus during the Covid 19 pandemic. This has become a hot topic of conversation on social media Twitter, many people think positive and negative.The research conducted is a representation of text mining and text processing using machine learning using the Naive Bayes Classifier classification method, the objective of the analysis is to determine whether public sentiment towards the New Normal policy is positive or negative, and also as a basis for measuring the performance of the TF-IDF feature extraction and N-gram in machine learning uses the Naive Bayes method.The results of this study resulted in the accuracy rate of the Naive Bayes method with the TF-IDF feature selection. The total accuracy was 81% with a Precision value of 78%, Recall 91%, and f1-Score 84%. The highest results were obtained from the use of the Naive Bayes and Trigram algorithm parameters, namely 84%, namely 84% Precision, 86% Recall, and 85% f1-Score. The Naive Bayes algorithm with the use of the trigram type N-Gram feature extraction shows a fairly good performance in the process of classifying public tweet data.


The potential of nanocomposites, i.e. mixtures of nanoobjects with acceptable distribution in a polymer matrix, with respect to flame retardancy was discovered in an already early stage of nanocomposite reseach. Since then, a variety of nanocomposites often in combination with conventional flame retardants (FRs) and their effect on the burning behavior has been described.

Here, we show the application of this concept to enhance the flame retardancy of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) using suitable phosphorus-containing polyesters as FR. The materials studied were prepared by melt compounding in a twin screw extruder using either a mixture of polymer matrix, phosphorus polymer and nanomaterial (direct compounding) or a mixture of a pre-formed batch of phosphorus polymer with nanomaterial and the polymer matrix (batch compounding). The second method has been shown to be very effective if batches prepared by in-situ nanocomposite synthesis via melt transesterification polycondensation were employed. Modified organoclay (montmorillonite, OMMT) as well as multiwalled carbon nanotubes were used as nanoobjects.

Organic modification of MMT resulted in better exfoliation and distribution within the poylmer matrix than observed with pure sodium MMT. However, modification with phosphorus-containing modifiers dis not support exfoliation due to high interaction between modifier and clay.

Analysis of the in-situ prepared nanocomposites of OMMT (Cloisite 30B) with the phosphorus polyester PET-P-DOPO by thermogravimetry, FTIR and pyrolysis-GC/MS showed that OMMT did not alter the principal decomposition pathway of the polyester, but shifted the onset of decomposition to lower temperature (due to the fast decomposition of the tertiary ammonium compound) and increased the amount of char. The fire behavir as observed by microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) was altered and resulted in significant decrease of heat release capacity.

In-situ prepared batches of the phosphorus polyester PET-P-DOPO with 20 wt.-% OMMT and with MWCNT (1 wt.-%) were blended with PBT in the ratio 25/75 wt/wt to achieve a phosphorus concentration of 1.5 wt.-%. The nanocomposites were injection molded into plates for cone calorimeter measurements and examined using 50 kW/m2. In all samples, a reduction of toral heat evolved and total heat evolved/total mass loss (THE/TML) was observed. Addition of OMMT improved the char, which was even more pronounced in combination with PET-P-DOPO as illustrated in Figure 1. Blends containing PET-P-DOPO additionally showed intumescence. In all cases, a significant reduction of FIGRAmax was obtained. The addition of nanomaterials (both OMMT and MWCNT) to PBT/PET-P-DOPO reduced the effective heat of combustion (THE/TML) from 1.7 to 1.5 MJ/m2.


The Eustachian tube, also known as auditory tube, is a bony and fibro cartilagenous tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx. It plays a major role in equalizing the pressure between the external environment and middle ear and in protecting the middle ear from nasopharyngeal secretions. Dysfunction of Eustachian tube may cause negative pressure to buildup in the middle ear, leading to retraction of the tympanic membrane or collection of fluid in the middle ear. The diagnosis of Eustachian tube dysfunction is important in understanding the pathogenesis of otitis media and in its management. Nowadays, numerous Eustachian tube function tests exist, one of the most commonly used is tympanometry which may be combined with Valsalva maneuver and Toynbee maneuver. Kumazawa et al. diagnosed Eustachian tube pathologies by asking his patients to perform Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers and took tympanogram measurements for his patients. He then categorized his patients, based on their readings, into patient with Eustachian tube dysfunction, patients with normal Eustachian tubes and patients with patulous Eustachian tube. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate the variation in middle ear pressure in patients with type A tympanogram (normal tympanic membrane) and type C tympanogram (retracted tympanic membrane) during Eustachian tube function tests. Additionally, to evaluate the time effectiveness of Valsalva maneuver on pressure parameter and to compare these effects between type A and type C tympanogram. We found that, Valsalva maneuver had a significant effect on middle ear pressure in both normal population and on those with retracted tympanic. Although it did not in type A group, the effect of Valsalva maneuver lasted longer than 10 minutes in type C group. Further studies with a larger sample size and different tests of Eustachian tube function are recommended for better understanding of the duration of the effect of Valsalva maneuver on middle ear pressure.


In Financial Liberalization in Developing Countries, Trevor Sikorski challenges conventional financial liberalization theory by using a more complete view of the money creation process in developing countries. This book seeks to develop a theoretical framework for successful analysis of monetary and financial policy in developing countries.


Abstract In this paper, the spectral properties of the streaming operator and transport operator with an external field are discussed in the Banach space L 1(R 3 × R 3). Some classical results of Voigt are extended to the linear Boltzmanh operator with an external field.


The aim of this research is to investigate the effective method of predicting granular flow rate in a dynamic system, specifically a system undergoing vertical periodical fluctuation, simplified into uniform circular motion in this investigation. The preliminary investigation recognises the explanation from Beverloo's relation in literature and confirmed its effectiveness in predicting the flow rate of granular material through a static silo. Hence, a mathematical hypothesis regarding the research question is established successfully, synthesizing the hypothesis of projection of effective diameter and vertical acceleration. In experiment, the hypothesis of the projection of effective diameter of the flow region is verified experimentally; whereas various implications arise when applying the conventional force analysis into the Beverloo's relation. Although the current evidence is deficient in supporting me proposing the new law, this investigation systematically discuss the interconnection among the variables in Beverloo's relation, and the current implication revealed shed a light on further research.


Nano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal method at 120 oC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2 and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characterization of the synthesized materials was performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) technique. FullProf program employing profile matching with constant scale factors was employed for structural analysis. The results showed that the patterns had a main Sr2Nb2O7 orthorhombic crystal structure with space group Cmc21. FESEM images showed that the synthesized nanomaterials had flower morphologies. Ultraviolet-visible spectra analysis showed that the synthesized Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 nanomaterials had light absorption in the ultraviolet light region. The direct optical band gap energies obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectra were 3.45, 3.50 and 3.80 eV for pure Sr2Nb2O7, S2 and S4, respectively. The catalytic activity of the obtained materials in the one-pot synthesis of the heterocyclic compounds 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) in Biginelli reaction is investigated. The optimized 0.03 g of the catalyst, 95 oC reaction temperature, and 60 min reaction time are used for the other Biginelli reactions in this work.


The rise of a liquid in a region confined with walls is studied. This is done for the case of a liquid between two vertical parallel walls, as well as a liquid rising inside or outside a cylinder of circular cross section. Limiting cases of small distances between the walls, or tubes of small cross sections, as well as large distances between the walls, or tubes of large cross sections, are also investigated. For the limiting cases, tubes of arbitrary (but uniform) cross sections are also studied.


: Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) are important atmospheric trace gases for determining air quality, human health, climate change, and ecological conditions both regionally and globally. In this study, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), total column nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) were used from 2005 to 2020 to identify pollution hotspots and potential source areas responsible for air pollution in Jiangsu Province. The study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and variability of NO 2 and SO 2 , the SO 2 /NO 2 ratio, and their trends, and potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis was performed to identify potential source areas. The spatial distributions showed higher values (>0.60 DU) of annual mean NO 2 and SO 2 for most cities of Jiangsu Province except for Yancheng City (<0.50 DU). The seasonal analyses showed the highest NO 2 and SO 2 in winter, followed by spring, autumn, and summer. Coal-fire-based room heating and stable meteorological conditions during the cold season may cause higher NO 2 and SO 2 in winter. Notably, the occurrence frequency of NO 2 and SO 2 of >1.2 was highest in winter, which varied between 9.14~32.46% for NO 2 and 7.84~21.67% for SO 2 , indicating a high level of pollution across Jiangsu Province. The high SO 2 /NO 2 ratio (>0.60) indicated that industry is the dominant source, with significant annual and seasonal variations. Trends in NO 2 and SO 2 were calculated for 2005–2020, 2006–2010 (when China introduced strict air pollution control policies during the 11th Five Year Plan (FYP)), 2011–2015 (during the 12th FYP), and 2013–2017 (the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control (APPC-AC)). Annually, decreasing trends in NO 2 were more prominent during the 12th FYP period (2011–2015: − 0.024~ − 0.052 DU/year) than in the APPC-AC period (2013–2017: − 0.007~ − 0.043 DU/year) and 2005–2020 ( − 0.002 to − 0.012 DU/year). However, no prevention and control policies for NO 2 were included during the 11th FYP period (2006–2010), resulting in an increasing trend in NO 2 (0.015 to 0.031) observed throughout the study area. Furthermore, the implementation of China's strict air pollution control policies caused a larger decrease in SO 2 (per year) during the 12th FYP period ( − 0.002~ − 0.075 DU/year) than in the 11th FYP period ( − 0.014~ − 0.071 DU/year), the APPC-AC period ( − 0.007~ − 0.043 DU/year), and 2005–2020 ( − 0.015~ − 0.032 DU/year). PSCF analysis indicated that the air quality of Jiangsu Province is mainly influenced by local pollution sources.


Merle Hoffman.New York, NY, USA: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York,2012. ISBN-13: 978-1-55861-751-3. Price: £13.99. Pages: 336 (paperback)

Merle Hoffman is a woman who is not afraid of controversy or criticism. She is bold, courageous, principled and outspoken and has unwavering commitment in support of women's rights and especially abortion as a positive reproductive health choice. This has been her life's work and there is much to admire. I first heard her on Woman's Hour in March 2012 – she made me sit up and listen. Her book, a memoir, is the story of what she describes as a mixed life – as an activist, a philosopher and a transgressor of boundaries enriched with allies, friends, lovers and family.

Born in the USA in 1946, Meryl (later changed to the "more powerfully androgynous Merle") Holly Hoffman was born to an autocratic mother and a gentle father. Her mother's frustrated ambitions to compete, excel and perform in dance were transferred to her daughter to be the performer she never was. As an only child Merle created her own internal world, escaping her mother's desires though fantasy and by identifying with strong historical characters. Gifted with a musical talent and trained from an early age to be a concert pianist, it was at this time she learned to value criticism and discipline. However, music was not to be her life and later when she noticed that "parallel to the life I was living, another world was coming into being: …


At present, English speech recognition is still in the research stage, and most of the researches have certain deficiencies in terms of fault tolerance. Based on this, this study constructed an English speech recognition system based on machine learning from the perspective of machine learning. Simultaneously, in this paper, the English language model was optimized by the method of sub-word modeling, which alleviates the problem of sparseness and robustness of the traditional whole-word language model brought by the super-large vocabulary of adhesive words. In addition, a machine learning-based English speech recognition system was built, and the performance of the system was analyzed. The research shows that the proposed algorithm has certain performance and can provide theoretical reference for related research.


Rate coefficients are reported for the reactions at 30° of diazodiphenylmethane with benzoic acid and its ortho-substituted derivatives (substituents: Me, Et, Pri, But, F, Cl, Br, and I) in dioxan, ethyl acetate, 2-methoxyethanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulphoxide.In dioxan, ethyl acetate, 2-methoxyethanol, and ethanol the rate coefficients for o-alkylbenzoic acids lie in the order H > Me < Et < Pri < But. The retarding influence of an ortho-methyl group, which varies with the solvent, is probably due to a polar effect, combined with a steric effect on solvation. The increase in rate coefficient through the series of acids is due to a secondary steric effect, which does not depend greatly on the solvent. In dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulphoxide, an ortho-methyl group also retards the reaction, particularly in dimethylformamide, but increase in the size of the alkyl group produces little change. This is attributed to powerful solvation of the carboxylic proton, which greatly reduces the conjugation of the carboxy-group with the ring.
 o-Halogeno-substituents markedly increase the reactivity of benzoic acids towards diazodiphenylmethane in the order H ≪ F < Cl < Br ≈ I, with o-Cl ≫p-Cl. With dimethylformamide as solvent, the accelerating influence of ortho-halogens is not so marked as with the other solvents. The influence of ortho-halogens is believed to be due mainly to a large polar effect. The pKa values for o-halogeno- and o-methyl-benzoic acids are taken to define a rough scale of polar effects, and approximate polar susceptibility constants, ρo, are evaluated for the reaction with diazodiphenylmethane. These are less solvent-dependent than the Hammett ρ-values based on the effect of meta-substituents.Polar substituent constants, σo, for ortho-halogen and -methyl based on the pKa values of benzoic acids, are compared with values calculated on the basis of simple models of the polar effect.


Volumetric test measures are used for calibration and traceability of petroleum measurements and their low uncertainty is important for the equitable trade of valuable liquids. The volume delivered from a test measure depends in part on the volume of liquid retained on the test measure walls after the draining procedure is complete. Mixtures of propylene glycol and water with kinematic viscosity ranging from 1 mm/s to 55 mm/s were used to measure the delivered volumes of three test measures (19 L, 20 L, and 38 L) for 30 s drip times. The retained volume in a 60 L test measure was determined using water at 7 °C to 35 °C to change the liquid kinematic viscosity. Our experiments demonstrate that van Rossum's [1] drainage theory applies to test measures: the retained volume is proportional to the square root of the ratio of kinematic viscosity to total drain time ( ∝ ⁄ ⁄ ). We use van Rossum's theory and retained volume data from more than 300 test measures to estimate changes in the delivered volume due to drainage effects for various liquids and test measures up to 400 L. For example, neglecting other effects (e.g. evaporation, and surface tension), we estimate that a 20 L test measure calibrated in water will deliver 0.01 % more volume when used in gasoline and 0.05 % less volume when used in diesel fuel.


Cloud Computing is widespread to support industrial and academy related applications worldwide. The archival data process in the cloud is one of the challenging tasks. To handle this issue, the authors addressed the model, which allows authenticating the cloud storage using the JOSS (Java Library for Open stack storage) through the authentication URL. To achieve the authentication of the heterogeneous data while uploading into the cloud storage, a proposed model developed using the JOSS. To address this research question and demonstrate our approach, we have created the API for the archival solution in order to authenticate the cloud storage using the JOSS authentication model, providing the authentication URL. It consists of the user id and password for the verification of the user while transmitting the data into the cloud storage. The API is becoming dynamic and complex, and one of the major challenges faced by the developer in order to develop appropriate standalone applicataion interface. The extensible mechanism for authentication requires a URL in order to connect to the cloud storage system. The objective of this paper is to enhance/optimize the rate of transmission to upload the data in the cloud storage using the rclone.


The paper presents an attempt to suggest an alternative way of considering the fundamentals of Einstein's special relativity theory. Its formulation based on introducing an inertial reference system by rigid linking of clocks to a free entity to define proper time is self-contradictory since the operation of rigid linking involves interaction which is excluded by definition for a free entity. The way to overcome this inconsistency is proposed by postulating that each free entity (object, particle) has to be ideal clocks by itself, providing ideal internal time standards defined by the only intrinsic feature of a free entity, namely its proper mass which means that de Broglie's periodic phenomenon has to be considered as a fundamental principle needed to built the special relativity, along with the principle of indistinguishability allowing to define the particle's proper mass with ideal accuracy. Further, the internal distance standard is provided by passing to Compton wavelength and the velocity standard is introduced by means of Hubble's law. It is proposed to interpret the wave function as an internal system of reference undergoing distortion when external interaction is included.


The problem of estimating parameters in a complex computer simulator of a nuclear fusion reactor from an experimental database is treated. Practical limitations do not permit a standard statistical analysis using nonlinear regression methodology. The assumption that the function giving the true theoretical predictions is a realization of a Gaussian stochastic process provides a statistical method for combining information from relatively few computer runs with information from the experimental database and making inferences on the parameters.


The work presented in the manuscript describes an application of a mixture of methods to downscale and bias correct the outputs from climate models to station sites. A multi-states Markov process is first applied to simulate the temporal evolution of rainfall in a key station, than other multi-states Markov processes are applied to condition (at fixed time) rainfall depths in the other stations to the rainfall already determined in the key station (with the first Markov process). Then a bias correction based on pdf matching of best-fitted parametric distributions of historical and Climate Models series is applied on the outputs of the Markov processes. Finally the bias corrected series are perturbed on the basis of the trend observed in climate series.


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There are plentiful natural resources but poor in energy resources in HubeiProvince,The industries of the province is constructed according to the re-sources and raw materials,The construction of the Three Gorges Project couldbe of great benefit to the development of these industries,whether in flood con-trolling、power,generating、river transportation or the construction of the pro-ject ltself.To grasp this historical chance,it is necessary for the province to de-velop sctively the heavy and chemical industries such as metailurgical industry、mechanical and electronic industry、building industry and chemical industry,andto lead the develop of light and textile industries,which is to promote the forma-tion of the indusirial built along the Yangtze River and the Hanyu railroad andthe all-round expanding of industrial distribution.


Abstract Understanding the relationship of parasitoids with their insect hosts and crop plants is needed to develop good management strategies for Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), a whitefly pest. The abundance and establishment of parasitoids of B. tabaci B-biotype were tested with taxonomically diverse plants in the greenhouse (7 plant species) and in the field (16 plant species in Egypt). Greenhouse tests were conducted on plants free of whitefly nymphs to avoid this influence on parasitoid behavior, and field tests were conducted in crops with feral populations of B. tabaci. In the greenhouse, the parasitoid, Encarsia pergandiella Howard, was most abundant on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers, followed by Gossypium hirsutum L. The propensity for this parasitoid to forage on the bottom leaf surface compared with the top surface varied among crops (45–90% were on the bottom leaf surface) and over time (≈50% were on the bottom leaf surface around sunrise, whereas ≈90% were on the bottom surface by mid-day). Inundative releases of laboratory-reared parasitoids, Eretmocerus mundus (Mercet), into field crops increased parasitization rates in all crops tested. Some crops (e.g., two Brassica species and V. unguiculata) were more conducive to parasitism of B. tabaci than other crops (e.g., Cucumis sativus L. and Lycopersicon esculentum Miller). Findings from this research may be useful in the enhancement and conservation of parasitoids of Bemisia.


Rooftops cover a large percentage of land area in urban areas, which can potentially be used for stormwater purposes. Seeking adaptation strategies, there is an increasing interest in utilising green roofs for stormwater management. However, the impact of extreme rainfall on the hydrological performance of green roofs and their design implications remain challenging to quantify. In this study, a method was developed to assess the detention performance of a detention-based green roof (underlaid with 100 mm of expanded clay) for current and future climate conditions under extreme precipitation using an artificial rainfall generator. The green roof runoff was found to be more sensitive to the initial water content than the hyetograph shape. The green roof outperformed the black roof in terms of all performance indicators (time of concentration, centroid delay, T50 or peak attenuation). While the time of concentration for the reference black roof was within 5 minutes independently of rainfall intensity, for the green roof was extrapolated between 30 and 90 minutes with intensity from 0.8 to 2.5 mm/min. Adding a layer of expanded clay under the green roof substrate provided a significant improvement to the detention performance under extreme precipitation in current and future climate conditions.


Traditional approaches for semantic storage and analysis are facing their limits on the handling of enormous data amounts of today's applications. We believe that a more radical departure from contemporary architectures of stores is necessary to satisfy that central scalability requirement. One of the most promising new schools of thought in system design are swarm intelligent and swarm-based approaches for data distribution and organization. In this paper, we describe our current work on a swarm-based storage service for Semantic Web data.


In this secondary analysis of mobile health headache diary data, we evaluated the relationship between adherence to medication used for the acute treatment of migraine and lifetime history of an anxiety or depression disorder.


There is controversy over the concept of function and organ preservation by chemotherapy/chemoradiation instead of surgery in locally advanced cancer of the larynx or pharynx. Tumor response to induction chemotherapy (ICT) can help in choosing between conservative and surgical treatment. This study compared 3 methods of assessing response to ICT: endoscopy, computed tomography, and 18F‐FDG‐PET/CT.


The sensitivity of the parameter determination from measure- ments of directly measurable quantities is the Jacobian of the inverse mapping. The Jacobian also detects the ambiguities due to nonconfor- mal mappings by changing its sign. The Jacobian formalism applied to phase-shift interferometry shows that this method does not have ambi- guities due to nonconformal mappings and reachs its maximum sensitiv- ity for equidistant phase shifts covering the whole range (0,2p). © 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Subject terms: sensitivity; ambiguity; Jacobian; phase shift.


The analysis of the rise of the Social Credit party in Quebec in the federal election of 1962 revealed that there is a strong linear and positive relationship between short-term changes for the worse in one's economic conditions and Social Credit support. Unemployment in the respondents' family, for instance, bears a strong positive relationship to the support for this political movement.1 On the basis of this, one could be tempted to infer that the party got a disproportionate support from the lower classes and, more specifically, that the poor were the most likely supporters of the new party. Is this so? Were the poor particularly strong supporters of Social Credit? And, more generally, do the poor form the basis on which protest movements are built?


The dislocation and the discontinuity that Lippmann perceived at the core of his altered world constitute what we have come to identify as the experience of modernity. For Lippmann, writing in early-twentieth-century America, this experience had everything to do with the country's fast urbanization as a result of its industrialization and of the single largest wave of immigrants in its history. Opening in "May of the year 1907, the year that was destined to bring the greatest number of immigrants to the shores of the United States," Henry Roth's novel Call It Sleep (1934) locates its characters within the changes that Lippmann discerned at the center of the new, complicated reality. The multiple transitions detailed by the narrator from "almost every land in the world," where the immigrants were natives, to the American shores, where they will be "foreigners"; from Ellis Island to Manhattan; from "the stench and throb of the steerage to the stench and throb of New York tenements" reveal mobility and displacement as definitive of those caught up in them. The sense of drift and uncertainty plagues the Schearls, the immigrant Jewish family on whose reunion the prologue eventually focuses and whose American lives the rest of the book follows. That Genya


We thank G.L. Casoni and V. Poletti for their comments regarding our study showing the diagnostic utility of a thin bronchoscope with a 1.7-mm working channel for peripheral pulmonary lesions 1. Their main quarrel with a channel of this size is its possible inability to control bleeding, and they argue that larger forceps are better than smaller ones in terms of diagnostic yield.

Bleeding is one of the well-known and potentially serious complications associated …


Rifampin (RIF), the most commonly used member of the rifamycin drug class, is the cornerstone of the first-line regimen used for treatment of drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) due to its potent bactericidal activity. RIF can kill MTBC rapidly by inhibiting the DNA dependent RNA polymerase β-subunit encoded by the rpoB gene. The effectiveness of treatment for tuberculosis depends on many factors including the bacterial strain, its metabolic activity, the bacterial burden, pharmacodynamics of the drugs, the site of infection, and the compliance of the patient. Different drugs in a treatment regimen are believed to act on different populations of bacteria in the lesions. RIF is most effective against the dormant bacteria that have short spurts of metabolic activity or active growth because it can kill readily (within 15-20 minutes) unlike other commonly used drugs.1


This study aims to develop fun science teaching material on the energy transformation to promote scientific literacy of junior high school students. The research is a four-D design of Research and Development. The validity of designed teaching materials had been determined by experts and science teachers. Scientific literacy achievements and student's responds were obtained using scientific literacy test and questionnaire on 95 students. Data analysis was carried out in a quantitative descriptive. The result of this study shows the fun science design contains the concepts of energy transformation that are presented contextually in form of comics strip and science songs, the validity score from experts and teachers were 87.5% and 93.5% respectively, N-gain of 62%, and most of students agree with the use of fun science teaching materials. Thus, fun science teaching material can be used in science learning to promote scientific literacy.


Gonorrhoea and chlamydia cases have been rising among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) over the last decade. The majority of cases are extragenital and occur at the oropharynx and anorectum. The aim of this narrative review was to review the risk factors and mode of transmission for gonorrhoea and chlamydia at the oropharynx and anorectum among MSM.


We have carried out pressure studies on the eighth and ninth members of the homologous series 4-alkoxybenzoyloxy-4′-cyanoazobenzene (nOBCAB). It is found that the pressure behavior of the monolayer...


Extreme high-speed directed energy deposition (EHLA) is a modified variant of the laser based directed energy deposition (DED-LB) and is being applied as an efficient coating process for rotational symmetric components. Characteristics of EHLA processes are feed rates of up to 200 m/min, which result in smaller weld bead deposition and thinner layer thicknesses compared to conventional DED-LB. When transferred to additive manufacturing, this characteristic utilizes the potential of depositing thin-walled filigree structures at deposition rates, which are comparable to typical DED-LB processes (EHLA3D). The results of this work were achieved with an EHLA3D machine, which is a modified CNC-type machine capable of operating feed rates with vf = 30 m/min. In this work, process parameters were developed for the deposition of thin-walled filigree structures with the Ni-based superalloy IN718. Single tracks with constant feed rates and a variation in the beam diameter and powder mass flow were deposited and analyzed regarding the resulting weld bead dimension and dilution zone. Then, process parameters were selected and transferred to the deposition of thin walls, and guidelines of the parameter adaption toward thin-walled deposition were defined. Two parameter sets were developed to assess the feasible wall-thicknesses deposited by EHLA3D. Depending on the developed parameter sets, wall thicknesses between 300 and 500 μm are achieved. To characterize the resulting thin-walls, surface roughness measurements and metallographic cross sections were conducted.


Soon after the FDA granted accelerated approval for Keytruda (pembrolizumab) to treat patients with advanced (metastatic) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it approved Opdivo (nivolumab) for an expanded use – to treat patients with advanced (metastatic) non-small cell lung cancer whose disease progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy.


This work aimed to evaluate the resistance in straight and runner growing habit peanut cultivars to Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In non-preference for feeding tests the leaflets were placed into Petri dishes, where one third-instar larva per cultivar was released in free-choice and non-choice tests. Larvae attractiveness to the cultivars was evaluated through counting the number of insects on the leaflets in pre-determined times, and, at the end of the experiment, the leaf area consumed was quantified and a visual consumption score per cultivar was assigned. In antibiosis test, neonate larvae were individualized into Petri dishes, where daily, new leaflets were provided. We evaluated the biological aspects: larvae, pre-pupa, pupae and total period and viability (larvae eclosion to adult emergence), weight of larvae and pupae, sex ratio and adult longevity. We concluded that the straight growing habit peanut IAC Tatu ST was less consumed by the larvae, in non-choice test. The runner growing cultivars did not show non-preference for feeding resistance-types. Among the straight growing cultivars, IAC 8112 extended the biological cycle of S. cosmioides, characterizing antibiosis resistance-type, whereas IAC Tatu ST, IAC 22 and IAC 5 were susceptible. For the runner growing cultivars, IAC Runner 886 and IAC 147 stood out as antibiosis resistance-type to S. cosmioides, and IAC Caiapó and IAC 125 were susceptible.


From the ethanol extracts of the ar-tificial culture of the title fungus fourconstituents were isolatated. One of theseis a new coumarin derivative to which thename Armillarisin A is suggested. Itsformula was found to be C_(12)H_(10)O_(5), mp245--246℃, With the aid of UV, IR, MSand NMR, the chemical structure wasfound to be 3-Acetyl-5-hydroxymethyl-7-hydroxy-coumarin. Another constituentwas named Armillarisin B, mp. 162--163.5℃, formula C_9H(10)N_2O_3, and its struc-ture was preliminarily determined by thesame way.


This dissertation comprises three parts. The first part presents a relational approach to building a workbench that supports extracting and processing structured data from unstructured data for querying, and that allows users to query using as much structured data as is currently available. The workbench provides basic operations that can be combined to process data in a "pay as you go" fashion, and a wide table to store the resulting sparse data set, in which most attributes are null for most documents. As a proof of concept, we conducted a case study on applying this relational workbench approach to support structured queries over Wikipedia. We present examples of incremental data processing with a series of operations and show that users can pose increasingly sophisticated queries over the results of these operations. Our conclusion from the case study is that while the relational workbench approach is promising and worth investigating, its success heavily relies on good relational database support for sparse data.
Unfortunately, most relational database systems are not good at handling sparse data sets. The second part of the dissertation addresses some challenges presented when managing sparse data in relational database systems. With recent work showing that we can store sparse data efficiently by using interpreted storage, we show that storing a sparse data set in a single, wide table is an effective approach. For querying, we show that keyword search often provides "focused" results because most terms appear in few rows and columns. As for query evaluation, we show that sparse B-tree indexes allow a much broader index coverage over a sparse data set than the more common full B-tree indexes; moreover, we describe how to automatically infer from a sparse data set a "hidden schema," which we could use as a reference for building materialized views, a browsing directory, or query forms over the wide table.
The last part of the dissertation addresses the problem of building structured queries over a relational database system without knowing SQL and the database schema. We propose to combine keyword search and query forms to try to provide the best of both. We present a systematic approach to generate forms, and propose techniques to handle keyword queries having a mix of database constants and terms that appear on the forms. We consider grouping similar forms returned by keyword search to help users more easily find the right form. Our real-life user study shows that our keyword search implementations are efficient and generally effective, and that grouping forms is an important post-processing step of keyword search to lead users to the right forms.


This chapter investigates how the Covid-19 crisis has influenced talent management in New Zealand. Although the country has been trying for decades to end the persistent brain drain and attract talent, it has found itself facing unexpected and sudden increases to its talent pool within only a few months. We consider how brain gain appears to be placing companies in the choice position of having an abundance of highly skilled and experienced talent to choose from. We describe what has and is changing as a consequence of Covid-19, what we call a 'domestic war for talent' and remuneration issues. Finally, we extract lessons learned in New Zealand and how these can be useful for other countries and their companies. © The Editors and Contributing Authors Severally 2021.


In this paper, a 1200-V/200-A three-level silicon carbide (SiC) power module with neutral point clamped (NPC) topology has been investigated in terms of electromagnetic interference (EMI). Compared with traditional two-level SiC modules, the three-level module can effectively alleviate voltage stress of the device, and ensure lower spectrum amplitude of the output terminal voltage below resonance frequency. However, the three-level module presents higher spectrum amplitude in high-frequency (HF) ranges (above 10 MHz) due to the aggravated switching ringings. As a result, RC snubber circuit is required to mitigate such ringings and reduce spectrum amplitude for three-level module. According to relative experimental results, it can be figured out that the three-level NPC power module combined with RC snubber circuit can suppress switching ringings, which is critical for reducing the level of conducted EMI.


The texture of yoghurts and bio-yoghurts produced from unconcentrated goat's milk using different starter cultures was investigated. The following starter cultures from different producers were used for yoghurt production: YC-180, V1, V10, J and for bio-yoghurts production: ABT-1, ABY-2, MSK B2 and JM. Texture profile analysis was carried out by penetrometric and extrusion tests using Universal Texture Analyser TA-XT2. The type of starter culture used did not cause significant changes in sensory quality, apparent viscosity and texture parameters in yoghurts and bio-yoghurts from goat's milk, whereas significant differences between yoghurts and bio-yoghurts, specially between yoghurts YC-180 and V1 and bio-yoghurts ABT-1 and ABY-2 were found.


The study addresses issues related to the current epidemiological models being used to address the COVID-19 pandemic, and suggests the "curve†is a nebulous fairy tale. Furthermore, I argue that these models are based on invalid data and flawed assumptions. For example, epidemiologists are using a number of positive cases, identified in systematic data collection manners (e.g., primarily testing frontline workers and symptomatic people), as proxy measures for infection rate: I suggest that random sample testing, proportional to population density, would provide an exact measure of infection rate. Finally, I argue that we are not in a position to reopen the world economy until we have these data, we now need a twopronged approach through which we conduct random sample testing for both COVID-19 and COVID-19 antibodies, and that we are about to live in a new world in which physical distancing will be the norm.


PWR Core 2 blanket fuel assemblies, which were used to power the Shippingport Reactor, have been stored in the reactor basin since discharge (approximately four years). Shipment of these blanket fuel assemblies in M-160 casks to Rockwell Hanford Operations for storage in the 221-T Canyon Pool Cell for a period of up to 20 years is planned. The impact of natural phenomena on the fuel storage site and that of normal and accident conditions during receipt, unloading and storage of the PWR Core 2 blanket fuel assemblies have been examined. It is believed that these operations can be conducted without undue risk to the health and safety of employees, the general public, and the environment. (DLC)


To the Editor. —I read with interest the review article by Lipsy et al1on histamine 2 receptor antagonists that appeared in the April issue of theArchives. I applaud the concise and usable nature with which the information was presented. I would like to add an additional piece of information to their review. The authors state that "ranitidine does not seem to cause... gynecomastia...." I am aware of a single case of ranitidine-associated gynecomastia reported by Tosi and Cagnoli.2These authors describe a patient with painful gynecomastia associated with ranitidine therapy. The patient was a 69-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis and a history of peptic ulcer disease. He was being treated with triamcinolone, diclofenac, and ranitidine daily. After 8 days of ranitidine therapy (150 mg/d), he had palpable, tender gynecomastia. The ranitidine therapy was discontinued and symptoms resolved over the next 15 days. He was later rechallenged


In this paper, we establish free-probabilistic models \begin{document}$ \left( \mathcal{H}(G_{p}),\text{ }\psi _{p}\right)$\end{document} on Hecke algebras \begin{document}$ \mathcal{H}(G_{p})$\end{document} , and construct Hilbert-space representations of \begin{document}$ \mathcal{H} (G_{p}),$\end{document} preserving free-probabilistic information from \begin{document}$ \left( \mathcal{H}(G_{p}),\text{ }\psi _{p}\right) ,$\end{document} for primes \begin{document}$ p.$\end{document} From such free-probabilistic structures with representations, we study spectral properties of operators in \begin{document}$ C^{*}$\end{document} -algebras generated by \begin{document}$ \left\{ \mathcal{H}(G_{p})\right\}_{p:primes}$\end{document} , via their free distributions.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable terminal and an application software start-up system whereby the application software that is started up is limited depending on the state of a user, thereby providing an improved ease of use. For this purpose, an application software start-up method for an information processing device comprises: performing identity authentication based on static biological information; determining the state of the user by comparing dynamic biological information acquired from the body of the user with previously measured dynamic biological information; and limiting the application software that is started up in accordance with the determined state of the user and on the basis of a permission level that is set in advance for each application software item.


This article describes the experience of developing, and piloting, a Non-Formal Academy, for developing student's competences to work in international and virtual teams, that took place under the scope of the European Project CATCH-IT. The experience involved the collaboration of educators and students from Portugal, Denmark and Poland, and consisted on the development and piloting of a stepwise approach to engage students in international and collaborative teamwork, with the purpose of making them acquainted with the demands of such working contexts, that are both timely and relevant in today's labor market. The motivation for the development of this research work stems from the research accounts, as well as the empirical observation that, the current generations of Higher Education students, to a great extent, be engaged in multicultural and internationalized working environments. This calls for the development of specific competences, such as cultural intelligence for effective international collaboration, as well as the ability to work in technology mediated contexts, that often support the work on internationally distributed project teams. The teaching and learning model developed for the NonFormal Academy involved, a preliminary phase devoted to the organization of students into diversified groups, and the development of thematic project proposals related with the development of international careers and international business, in each of the partner countries. Afterwards the students were engaged in a stepwise learning model to support the development of their projects in four steps that aimed to expose them to international and collaborative working contexts in a progressive manner. The steps included: i) a step 1, consisting of group fieldwork conducted in each of the partner countries; ii) a step 2, involving the collection of data and the interaction between the students and international experts, in each of the partner countries; iii) a step 3, involving work in virtual international teams, supported by computer mediated communication, and bringing together students from the three partner countries; and iv) a final step 4, where groups of students selected in a competitive manner from the work developed in the previous phases, were engaged in a small cross-exchange period across the partner countries, to finalize their projects in a face-to-face manner with their colleagues from three participating countries. The experience allowed for the development of the Non-Formal Academy model, and enables a rich teaching and learning experience that exposed students to the demands of work in international teams and contexts. Students involved in the process perceived important benefits from the experience, and provided key feedback information to further improve the proposed model, in order to make it replicable in the future.