A comparison of tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole showed that all hasten the eradication of Vibrio cholerae from the stools of patients with cholera. A four-day period of tetracycline or trimethoprim/ sulphamethoxazole was adequate for eradicating V. cholerae from the stools of all patients, but three days, as suggested by the W.H.O. Expert Committee, was not. Four days of chloramphenicol therapy was sufficient for most patients, but a minority required up to seven days' therapy. Purging produced reappearance of V. cholerae in the stools of one-eighth of the patients who had had three successive daily negative stool cultures; such patients are a potential danger to the population.


Traditional ethic education focuses on "preaching" and "cramming", which restrains the development of students' creativity. When reforming, we should combine ethic education target level-division with students' creative quality cultivated target level-division, determine the main idea of ethic education, strengthen individual character education, develop students' ethic judgment and promote the development of students' creative quality.


This study aims to develop the dencichine plus Yunnan Baiyao band-aid, and test the hemostatic effect in traumatic incision of the new band-aid, the stability of dencichine was measured by HPLC beforehand. After that, several groups with different material were pasted on longitudinal incision of SD rats. Bleeding time and blood loss was determined, observing the healing of the wounds. The result was that the stability of dencichine by HPLC proved to be steady beforehand. Compared with blank control group, the other groups could shorten bleeding time (p<0.01), and reduce blood loss (p<0.01), whats important is that the Yunnan Baiyao band-aid groups were much better about the healing of the wounds than gauze groups. The results indicates that it is obvious that dencichine plus Yunnan Baiyao band-aid has a significant effect on longitudinal incision, and it helps the wound to heal. Dencichine plus Yunnan Baiyao band-aid has economic prospect in marketing appliance.


Transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures use a magnetic field to carry a short-lasting electrical
current pulse into the brain, where it stimulates neurons, particularly in superficial regions
of the cerebral cortex. It is a powerfull tool to calculate several parameters related to the intracortical
excitability and inhibition of the motor cortex. The cortical silent period (CSP), evoked
by magnetic stimulation, corresponds to the suppression of muscle activity for a short period after
a muscle response to a magnetic stimulation. The duration of the CSP is paramount to assess
intracortical inhibition, and it is known to be correlated with the prognosis of stroke patients'
motor ability. Current mechanisms to estimate the duration of the CSP are mostly based on the
analysis of raw electromyographical (EMG) signal and they are very sensitive to the presence of
noise.
This master thesis is devoted to the analysis of the EMG signal of stroke patients under rehabilitation.
The use of advanced statistical machine learning techniques that behave robustly in
the presence of noise for this analysis allows us to accurately estimate signal parameters such
as the CSP. The research reported in this thesis provides us with a first evidence about their
applicability in other areas of neuroscience.


Northeast trending Yong'an Basin, southeast South China Craton, preserves a Permian‐Jurassic, marine to continental, siliciclastic‐dominated, retroarc foreland basin succession. Modal and detrital zircon data, along with published paleocurrent data, sedimentary facies, and euhedral to subhedral detrital zircon shapes, indicate derivation from multicomponent, nearby sources with input from both the interior of the craton to the northwest and from an inferred arc accretionary complex to the southeast. The detrital zircon U‐Pb age spectra range in age from Archean to early Mesozoic, with major age groups at 2000–1700 Ma, 1200–900 Ma, 400–340 Ma, and 300–240 Ma. In addition, Early Jurassic strata include zircon detritus with ages of 200–170 Ma. Regional geological relations suggest that Precambrian and Early Paleozoic detritus was derived from the inland Wuyi Mountain region and Yunkai Massif of the South China Craton. Sources for Middle Paleozoic to early Mesozoic detrital zircons include input from beyond the currently exposed China mainland. Paleogeographic reconstruction in East Asia suggests derivation from an active convergent plate margin along the southeastern rim of the craton that incorporated part of Southwest Japan and is related to the subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Ocean. Integration of the geologic and provenance records of the Yong'an Basin with the time equivalent Yongjiang and Shiwandashan basins that lie to the southwest and south, respectively, provides an integrated record of the subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Ocean along the southeast margin of the South China Craton and termination of subduction of the Paleo‐Tethys beneath its southwest margin in Permo‐Triassic.


In a period of retrograde and wistful thoughts as well as despair, it is fundamental to analyze the theoretical proposal of Aníbal Quijano about the appearance of a historical horizon, of the development of another imaginary future based on moral values of justice. This is the result of the transformation responses, generated in the same forces and movements of the society.


Abstract Complexity is one of the important characteristics of crystal structures, which can be measured as the amount of Shannon information per atom or per unit cell. Since complexity may arise due to combination of different factors, herein we suggest a method of ladder diagrams for the analysis of contributions to structural complexity from different crystal-chemical phenomena (topological complexity, superstructures, modularity, hydration state, etc.). The group of minerals and inorganic compounds based upon the batagayite-type [M(TO4)ϕ] layers (M=Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Zn, Co; T=P, As; ϕ=OH, H2O) is used as an example. It is demonstrated that the method allows for the quantitative estimates of various contributions to the complexity of the whole structure.


This study aims to determine the effect of different dissolved oxygen on survival of red carp fish seed infected bacteria. Infected fish Aeromonas hydrophila by injection with 10 8 cfu/ml, 1 ml/fish. Since the first day of observed clinical symptoms and survival up to 15 days of the study. The treatment used in this study are A (1-5 ppm dissolved oxygen), B (6-9 ppm dissolved oxygen), C (no treatment or control). The results showed that different dissolved oxygen proved to have no effect on the survival of red carp seed. Treatment B (6-9 ppm dissolved oxygen) is the best treatment to control or minimize the mortality rate of red carp fish seed higher due to Aeromonas hydrophila attack. Keywords : red carp fish seed, dissolved oxygen, survival rate, bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila , infection.


An evolutionary‐based definition and classification of target evaluation units (EUs) is presented for the 14th round of the critical assessment of structure prediction (CASP14). CASP14 targets included 84 experimental models submitted by various structural groups (designated T1024–T1101). Targets were split into EUs based on the domain organization of available templates and performance of server groups. Several targets required splitting (19 out of 25 multidomain targets) due in part to observed conformation changes. All in all, 96 CASP14 EUs were defined and assigned to tertiary structure assessment categories (Topology‐based FM or High Accuracy‐based TBM‐easy and TBM‐hard) considering their evolutionary relationship to existing ECOD fold space: 24 family level, 50 distant homologs (H‐group), 12 analogs (X‐group), and 10 new folds. Principal component analysis and heatmap visualization of sequence and structure similarity to known templates as well as performance of servers highlighted trends in CASP14 target difficulty. The assigned evolutionary levels (i.e., H‐groups) and assessment classes (i.e., FM) displayed overlapping clusters of EUs. Many viral targets diverged considerably from their template homologs and thus were more difficult for prediction than other homology‐related targets. On the other hand, some targets did not have sequence‐identifiable templates, but were predicted better than expected due to relatively simple arrangements of secondary structural elements. An apparent improvement in overall server performance in CASP14 further complicated traditional classification, which ultimately assigned EUs into high‐accuracy modeling (27 TBM‐easy and 31 TBM‐hard), topology (23 FM), or both (15 FM/TBM).


Objective To establish the quality control methods and HPLC fingerprint for Haishengsu Injection,a kind of extractions from Tegillarca granosa.Methods Biuret reaction and ninhydrin reaction were used for identification of the Haishengsu Injection.Nitrogen content in the Haishengsu Injection was determined by N_(2) method(semi-trace method).HPLC was used to establish the fingerprint.Other indices of the product were determined.Results The results of the biuret reaction and ninhydrin reaction were positive.Nitrogen content in the Haishengsu Injection was not less than 0.4mg·mL~(-1).And different batches of the Haishengsu Injection have the same dactylogram diagrams.Conclusion We have established rapid,convenient and accurate methods which is suitable and can be used for quality control of the Haishengsu Injection.


ust as with Terri Schiavo's case, I have wondered how Ashley's case came to be framed as a "disability rights" issue. As is now well known, Ashley is a profoundly cognitively and developmentally impaired nine year old whose parents obtained medical and surgical interventions to limit her growth and prevent sexual maturation. Her parents sought (at least in part) to more easily take care of her at home. But the modification of Ashley's body touched a nerve among those who have fought against the "medical model" of disability. In the medical model, those who cannot attain "speciesnormal" functioning (seeing, hearing, walking, and the like) are considered disabled. Attempts are made to normalize them by surgical repair, rehabilitation, or adaptive aids. In Ashley's case, the interventions went beyond attempts to "normalize" her, and many disability rights activists found them morally unjustifiable. In contrast, the "social model" of disability locates the problem not with the individual who is impaired, but with the society that oppresses, stigmatizes, and isolates that person. A paralyzed woman may ambulate with a wheelchair; she becomes disabled only when she must rely on others to open a door or help her maneuver over a curb. According to the social model, we should strive to remove attitudinal and structural barriers that prevent all people from participating in society to the best of their abilities, and we should do this in a way that maximizes individual autonomy and dignity. The social model of disability originated from individuals with physical disabilities. Some contend that it is biased against those with intellectual impairments, and this has led to other models such as the "People First" movement, which endorses accommodating the needs of those with physical or intellectual impairments by focusing on their abilities rather than their impairments—seeing them as valued persons first and foremost. Even within this movement, however, disabled persons are assumed to have some level of cognitive capacity. The beliefs posted on the Illinois "People First" Web site reflect this: "We believe every person should go to a regular school," "We believe that people have a right to speak for themselves and make their own decisions," and "We believe everyone should have the opportunity to live in the community and to have REAL jobs for REAL pay." Does the disability rights discourse tend to exclude people with severe neurological impairments? Or is "disabled" perhaps a misnomer in such cases? Advocating for Ashley's "rights" as a disabled person seems to misread the principle of "respect for persons," which requires that persons who can make their own decisions should be allowed to do so (within limits), and that those who cannot make their own decisions should be protected from harm. In the latter case, others must make decisions for them based on a best interest standard. That those who are disabled and have decisionmaking capacity feel threatened and frustrated by others' false assumptions about their rights, worth, and abilities is understandable. But projecting such frustrations onto all impaired persons leads to leaps of logic, as when a pediatrician, quoted in the Salon essay "Behind the Pillow Angel," declared, "What they did to [Ashley] takes away her personhood. She's a human being and with that comes all the same rights as you or I have to experience normal development and sexual pleasure." This comment does not apply to Ashley, who cannot experience normal development or consensual sexual pleasure. In her book Waist-High in the World: A Life among the Nondisabled, Nancy Mairs wrote, "People who act on principle are likely to sacrifice the individual for the agenda, which is frequently shaped by their own, often deeply buried, presuppositions about what constitutes an acceptable life." Ironically, objecting to "the Ashley treatment" because it sets a dangerous precedent for decisions about less-disabled individuals does just what Mairs, a disability rights advocate, bemoans—it sacrifices Ashley for the disability rights agenda. I think we can do better. The ethics committee deliberating Ashley's case was right to keep its focus on Ashley. Perhaps one way to consider the downstream effects of such precedent-setting cases is by communicating mindfully with the media. Prompting an informed and nuanced public debate about disability, quality of life, and health care resource allocation would meaningfully address slippery slope concerns. Disability and Slippery Slopes


Recent developments in information retrieval technology have created a new searching environment in which interaction is a central process. A new generation of interactive interfaces and Web-accessible databases challenge the traditional search strategies employed by users and require new interactive searching skills. In order to help future librarians and information scientists adapt to this new searching environment, it is the responsibility of library and information science educators to introduce interaction into online searching training. The topic of interaction is currently receiving much research attention, and the authors suggest the need to incorporate these research results into teaching and practice.


This book chapter investigated the potential of using exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets, GNP, as the multifunctional reinforcement in high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. HDPE/GNP nanocomposites were fabricated by the conventional compounding method of melt-extrusion followed with injection molding. The mechanical properties, crystallization behaviors, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of the resulting HDPE/GNP nanocomposites were evaluated as a function of GNP concentration. Results showed that HDPE/GNP nanocomposites exhibit equivalent flexural modulus and strength to HDPE composites filled with other commercial reinforcements such as carbon fibers (CF), carbon black (CB) and glass fibers (GF). But they have superior impact strength. By investigating the crystallization behavior of HDPE/GNP nanocomposites, it was found that GNP is a good nucleating agent at low loading levels and as a result can significantly increase crystallization temperature and crystallinity of HDPE. At high GNP loadings, however, the close proximity of GNP particles retards the crystallization process. The thermal stability and thermal conductivity of HDPE/GNP nanocomposites were significantly enhanced as a function of GNP concentration due to the excellent thermal properties of GNP. Meanwhile, results indicated that the percolation threshold of these nanocomposites prepared by the conventional melt extrusion and injection molding is relatively high at around 10-15 vol% GNP loading. The high percolation threshold is mainly due to the sever GNP aggregation and platelets alignment during the processing conditions as verified by the morphology. To enhance their electrical conductivity and lower the percolation threshold, a wax coating method was introduced in this study which is proved to be efficient in improving the dispersion of GNP in HDPE which is responsible for the better electrical and mechanical properties in the resulting nanocomposites.


Objective: To study the diagnoses and treatment of renal tuberculosis(TB).Method:A retrospective study was made on 142.Result:Irritation symptoms and hemat-uria were the most common symptoms.The positive result of acid-fast stains,urinary PCR-TB-DNA,PPD-IgG were 39.1%,49.1% and 64.5% respectively The diagnostic accuracy of IVU,B-type ultrasonography and CT were 70%,29.5% and 78.5%.All of the case who received medications (47.1%),All of the 62 case who received surgery recovered com-pletely.Conclusion: Combined use of different means of diagnostic technique would help to assess the diagnosis of renal TB espeiall in atypical case,medications yiels satisfactory outcome for renal tuberculsis.When the renal is resected,the involvedureter should be excised as much as possible.


Computer simulation of the dynamics of nonisolated open clusters indicates, on the basis of a model halo zone expanding as weak stellar encounters relax the system, that member stars will intensively escape into the galactic force field. The old clusters M67 and NGC 188 are still far from a steady state.


We have suggested elsewhere that the combination of page oriented holographic memories with optically addressed spatial light modulators led to the ability to assess many symptoms and many derived tentative diagnoses in parallel. Our previous work showed a general approach to avoid the necessity of an exhaustive search of memory to identify a new input. We discuss the implementation of that approach using a neural network as the controller of the total system. The result is a pattern recognition system which exhibits many useful features of the human system. In particular, it forms hypotheses, determines what measurements to make to increase the certainty of those hypotheses, makes the needed observations, and either increases the certainty of diagnosis or reduces the certainty of the initial diagnosis and oscillates to a new one.


The aims of the research are to characterized pyrolytic oil as fuel and utilize it for heating purpose. The pyrolytic oil was characterized to decide whether this oil can be used as fuel for the desired application or not. The highest pyrolytic fuel yield of about 67.48% w/w was obtained from converting of 3000 g of plastic waste at pyrolysis time, topt. of 240 minutes and a pyrolysis temperature of 360 °C in a small pilot-scale batch reactor. The characteristic of pyrolytic fuel had an average value of density and viscosity were 771 kg/m3, 1.031 cSt, respectively. The combustion quality as other characteristics of the fuel was obtained as heating value, flash point and auto-ignition point of 37.996 MJ/kg, 48 °C and 240 °C, respectively. The similar functional groups of pyrolytic oil and commercial kerosene fuel were found in Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum. This pyrolytic oil provided a higher flame temperature of 1300 °C and a higher thermal efficiency of 33% upon utilized as fuel using a modified pressurized cook stove. These pyrolytic oil's parameters are close to the standard values of the kerosene fuel.


Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of the Hypnales usually show the same picture of poorly resolved trees with a large number of polyphyletic taxa and low support for the few reconstructed clades. One odd clade, however, consisting of three genera that are currently treated either within the Leskeaceae (Miyabea) or Neckeraceae (Homaliadelphus and Bissetia), was retrieved in a previously published phylogeny based on chloroplast rbcL. In order to elucidate the reliability of the observed Homaliadelphus - Miyabea - Bissetia -clade (HMB-clade) and to reveal its phylogenetic relationships a molecular study based on a representative set of hypnalean taxa was performed. Sequence data from all three genomes, namely the ITS1 and 2 (nuclear), the trnS-rps4-trnT-trnL-trnF cluster (plastid), the nad5 intron (mitochondrial), were analyzed. Although the phylogenetic reconstruction of the combined data set was not fully resolved regarding the backbone it clearly indicated the polyphyletic nature of various hypnalean families, such as the Leskeaceae, Hypnaceae, Hylocomiaceae, Neckeraceae, Leptodontaceae and Anomodontaceae with respect to the included taxa. In addition the results favor the inclusion of the Leptodontaceae and Thamnobryaceae in the Neckeraceae. The maximally supported HMB-clade consisting of the three genera Homaliadelphus (2–3 species), Miyabea (3 species) and Bissetia (1 species) is resolved sister to a so far unnamed clade comprising Taxiphyllum aomoriense, Glossadelphus ogatae and Leptopterigynandrum. The well-resolved and supported HMB-clade, here formally described as the Miyabeaceae, fam. nov. is additionally supported by morphological characters such as strongly incrassate, porose leaf cells, a relatively weak and diffuse costa and the presence of dwarf males. The latter are absent in the Neckeraceae and the Leskeaceae. It is essentially an East Asian family, with one species occurring in North America.


On Scientific Writing, the writer will discuss the application of simulation exam questions nationally for third graders science, in scientific writing, the writer provides various forms of national exam questions such as Indonesian, English and mathematics. This application is intended to help students sharpen the academic skills and succeed in doing the test with the maximum value.


To value active learning, we carried out an "Active Discussion" activity based teaching strategy focusing on Environmental Microbiology. With this activity, we aimed to identify students difficulties and to cre ate conditions to help students to acquire deeper knowledge in the eco-physiology of a particular group of fungi (aquatic hyphomycetes) with relevance in the ecolog y of streams. The efficacy of this "Active Discussion" was evaluated by a questionnaire applied to the students before and after its implementation. This study aimed to e valuate: 1) the knowledge of students on a specific environmental issue; and 2) evaluate the efficacy of the "Active Discussion" in improving students' knowledge and interpretation skills on environmental biology. This study allowed us to con clude that this teaching intervention was efficient and might be regularly i mplemented in Secondary Schools.


The Galileo mission was the first to actually maintain an orbit around Jupiter as opposed to doing a flyby like Ulysses, Voyager 1 & 2, and Pioneer 10 & 11, and so it was the first data set that allowed us to investigate large scale spatial and temporal variability in the plasma conditions within Jupiter's magnetosphere. By assuming the plasma between 5 and 30 Jupiter radii is in thermodynamic equilibrium, we were able to fit convective Maxwellian distributions to the counts detected by the Plasma Science (PLS) instrument aboard the Galileo satellite, allowing us to determine properties such as number density, isotropic temperature, and bulk flow velocity vector. The observations made by Cassini's Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS) of emissions from the Io plasma torus allow us to get an estimate of the relative abundances of ion species present there. However, malfunctions during the mission made the data especially choppy and difficult to analyze, and we have to settle for an average charge-to-mass ratio of 14.8; this has made this project both a study in plasma physics as well as refined data analysis. After developing rigorous filters for the proper data points to fit to, we were able to construct two-dimensional meridional profiles of Jupiter's inner magnetosphere, and we determined no significant variation in these properties with respect to local time.


Aiming at the problem of lacking scientific evaluation method in Radio Frequency Identification(RFID)adoption decisions,the influencing factors of RFID adoption for automobil production line was studied.RFID application difficulties in automobil production line were analyzed and influencing factors set of RFID adoption was presented based on the review and sum-up of previous research results which included 4 criterion layer indicators and 19 index layer indicators.17 influencing factors of RFID were screened based on fuzzy delphi method,and then Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(FAHP)method was adopted to establish the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix and determine the weight of each indicator.Research results indicated that initial cost,product performance,information technology capability,integration and leadership were five most critical influencing factors of RFID adoption for automobile production line.The feasibility and validity of critical influencing factors was verified through a RFID application case in an automobil production line in Chongqing.


Radiation therapy for cancer also damages healthy tissue — particularly in the hematopoietic system and the gut — by inducing apoptosis ("suicide") of


The magnesium-potassium anticorrelation observed in globular cluster NGC2419 can be explained by nuclear burning of hydrogen in hot environments. The exact site of this nuclear burning is, as yet, unknown. In order to constrain the sites responsible for this anticorrelation, the nuclear reactions involved must be well understood. The $^{39}\mathrm{K}+p$ reactions are one such pair of reactions. Here, we report a new evaluation of the $^{39}\mathrm{K}(p,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ reaction rate by taking into account ambiguities and measurement uncertainties in the nuclear data. The uncertainty in the $^{39}\mathrm{K}(p,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ reaction rate is larger than previously assumed, and its influence on nucleosynthesis models is demonstrated. We find the $^{39}\mathrm{K}(p,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ reaction cross section should be the focus of future experimental study to help constrain models aimed at explaining the magnesium-potassium anticorrelation in globular clusters.


The authors have reviewed and correlated the plain roentgenograms and myelograms of a series of 54 patients with cervical spondylosis in an effort to clarify the considerable ambiguities which exist concerning the significance of the roentgenographic findings in this disorder. The results were as follows:1. Transverse bars on myelography correlated almost perfectly with posterior interbody spurs on plain roentgenograms. Occasional patients were found to have more significant defects on myelography than on plain roentgenograms, but the reverse situation was not encountered.2. Foraminal encroachment was found to correlate well with the presence of significant posterior interbody spurs. This was felt to support the presumption that foraminal encroachment likely develops as lateral extensions of posterior interbody spurs.3. No reliable degree of correlation was found between various measures of spinal cord widening on myelography, either with measurements of posterior interbody spurs or with severity of trans...


On 27 June 1986, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) gave judgment in the case concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua. The case, pitting Nicaragua against the United States of America, is remarkable in many respects, and so is the judgment. This chapter singles out two special features: it deals with a situation of armed conflict, and it mentions the Red Cross. The author's point of departure is the fact that States often limit the material support they give one party to an armed conflict to what they describe as "humanitarian assistance". In a sense, neutrality is a necessary negative complement to the essentially positive notion of impartiality. The neutrality of the Red Cross implies, therefore, that none of its component parts may take sides in any political controversy, whether national or international and no matter what the issues.Keywords: armed conflict; humanitarian assistance; impartiality; International Court of Justice (ICJ); neutrality; Nicaragua; Red Cross; United States of America


Dynamic nature of atmospheric density at altitudes between 200 and 300 km corroborated by data obtained from braking of Cosmos satellites and other spacecraft


The authors report on fabrication and hydrogen separation performance of an array of thin, freestanding Pd∕Ag alloy membranes. Film deposition from an alloyed sputtering target results in robust film characteristics. Long-term stability of the membranes has been demonstrated with experimental testing at temperatures of 473–627K. Within the testing period the membrane has withstood more than 30 thermal cycles by returning to ambient temperature between subsequent tests. Throughout the long-term testing, hydrogen permeation levels have increased by more than a factor of 2. Electron microscopy of the membranes indicates that performance enhancement is due to microstructural changes which are promoted at elevated temperatures.


BaxCe0.8Tb0.2O3−α (x=0.98–1.03) solid electrolytes were synthesized and characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). By using AC impedance spectroscopy and gas concentration cell electromotive force (EMF) measurements, the electrical conduction behavior of the specimens was investigated in different gases during 500–1000 °C. The influence of nonstoichiometry in the specimens with x≠1 on conduction properties was studied and compared with that in the specimen with x=1. The results show that the specimens are all of perovskite-type orthorhombic structure. In 500–1000 °C, electronic hole conduction is dominant in dry and wet oxygen, air or nitrogen. Protonic conduction is dominant in wet hydrogen and it is about two orders of magnitude higher than that in hydrogen-free atmospheres (oxygen, air and nitrogen). The electrical conductivity of the same specimen in water vapor-saturated oxygen, air or nitrogen is slightly higher than that in corresponding gas without water vapor. The electrical conductivities of the nonstoichiometric specimens are higher than those of the stoichiometric one.


Development of tools for modeling the motion of agglomerated particles with a complex composition and shape in a flow of combustion products is of interest for problems related to the description of the motion of the condensed phase in the internal channels of solid rocket motors. An approach is developed to simulate unsteady processes that occur when a viscous incompressible fluid flows around a particle consisting of an aluminum droplet and a condensed oxide particle attached to it. Methods for taking into account the sliding of the attached oxide particle over the surface of the aluminum droplet are proposed. The computational results are used to find the drag and heat transfer coefficients of a non-spherical particle at flow velocities corresponding to the formation of separation zones. The developed model is one of the components of a more general mathematical model designed for calculating two-phase flows of combustion products and created with a multi-scale approach to simulation of two-phase flows.


The treatment of COVID-19 has been a source of intense controversy in the past. A variety of clinical trials and retrospective studies have shown mixed findings about the effectiveness of certain repurposed medications proposed to treat COVID-19, highlighting the need for further testing.The aim of this research was to add to the current literature some data on the effectiveness and protection of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin (AZ) as COVID-19 treatment drugs.The results of a traditional therapy (CT) incorporating HCQ and AZ used in the Democratic Republic of India are recorded in this empirical analysis. We contrasted epidemiological and clinical evidence from 1100 (89%) respondents who received the CT and 135 (11%) who did not obtain the TC. At the start of therapy, survival analyses such as Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to assess health success at day 10 and the probability of survival at day 15.On D10, the clinical result in the TC population is significantly higher than in the reference group (p-0.001). The observed side effects are mild and similar in both categories (3 percent vs. 3 percent). Conclusion: This tentative retrospective analysis shows that traditional medicine has a positive and healthy impact in our region, justifying the protocol's continuity at this period. To improve the power of measurements, broader empirical studies with more rigorous assessment parameters are needed.


In response to the common problem of the Vocational Education Computer Network Professional at the present stage, start from Project teaching, with the example of "Network System Integration and Management " course, explore the philosophy, process, effect of teaching.


Owing to its superior electrical conductivity and electromigration resistance, copper has replaced aluminum as the metallization material for advanced integrated circuits. Since Cu is very mobile within Si, and forms the Cu 3 Si silicide already at 200°C (Fig. 1), barriers are required to prevent the Cu diffusion. As the dimensions of Cu interconnect structures continue to shrink, barrier layers have to scale down, too. Consequently, the microstructure of barriers becomes more and more important for product reliability. Tantalum is immiscible with Cu and provides films with excellent adhesion properties thus being an attractive candidate for such barriers. Though the thermomechanical behavior of Ta based films with layer thickness of 50nm and more has been studied in the past, less is known about the relation between structure and thermal stability of barriers with thickness below 20nm (cf. [1]). In our study, structural properties and diffusion phenomena for 10nm TaN and Ta-SiN films capped with Cu were analyzed. The films were deposited onto thermally oxidized Si. To be very sensitive on the Cu diffusion during annealing and to test a worst case situation, also films deposited directly onto Si were investigated. A pure Ta film deposited onto Si remains stable at technologically relevant temperatures and shows no silicide formation below 700°C. Incorporation of N into the barrier film can improve the film stability and influence the diffusion barrier performance. Furthermore , addition of Si can lead to amorphous film structures thus preventing fast diffusion paths along grain boundaries. Thus, we compared structure and thermal stability of films with different N and Si content. The structural analysis of the 10nm films requires complementary and advanced techniques. X-ray reflecto-metry (XRR) is an effective and very sensitive tool for characterization of films on the nm-scale and of the layer interfaces. XRR experiments were carried out at the ESRF Grenoble using synchrotron radiation with a photon energy close below the Cu-K absorption edge to enable optimized measurements of the capped barriers at low incidence angles. In the as-deposited state, the XRR curves show pronounced oscillations indicating sharp interfaces with a low roughness parameter (σ rms =0.3nm) for the interface between stoichiometric TaN and Cu, and still smoother interfaces for pure Ta and Ta-20at%N barriers (σ rms =0.1nm). After annealing characte-Fig. 1: In-situ X-ray diffrac-tion patterns recorded during heating (4K/min) of a Cu layer deposited onto Si. At 200°C a phase reaction from the Cu to …


GENETM-HPV test with COBAS system Pap diagnostic Abstract A Objective To design a new molecular test for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening. Methods Molecular epidemiology and cross-sectional study. Multicenter from referral centers. 326 women were included. The primary outcome was designed of a kit for screening HPV-genotypes based on the prevalence found in population. Oligonucleotides for different genotypes were designed. The conditions for quantitative PCR and the pools for low- and high-risk (LR and HR) of HPV-genotypes were established. With new molecular test we detected 30 HPV-genotypes. A kit with the 25 most prevalent genotypes distributed was designed: four HR genotypes (16, 18, 31, and 59), three LR genotypes (6, 53, and 61), and two pools collectively detected. One pool of another 10 HR genotypes: 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 66, and 68, and finally a pool of 8 LR genotypes: 11, 40, 43, 44, 55, 70, 73, and 81. The sensitivity of the new molecular test was 97.9% and its specificity was 100% based on the sequencing results. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that the new molecular test for screening of HPV can serve as a better triage test.


Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has long been a serious global public health concern; it is not only the main cause of end-stage liver disease, but it is also a leading source of liver cancer, but it also increases the risk of mortality from a variety of extrahepatic illnesses. Objective: The study's main objective is to see if successfully eradicating the Hepatitis-C virus with sofosbuvir-based antiviral therapy improves cirrhotic patients' quality of life. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Faisalabad Medical University from June 2019 to June 2020. The data was collected from 70 patients. The data was collected through a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Results: The data were collected from 70 patients of both genders. We compared patients' quality of life. With sofosbuvir and ribavirin, 56 patients (79%) reached Sustained Virologic Response 12 (SVR12), Sofosbuvir, daclatasvir, and ribavirin were administered to 13 patients (18%), while sofosbuvir and ledipasvir were administered to two individuals (3%).Conclusions: Infection with chronic HCV, which is made worse by cirrhosis, has a major negative influence on the patient's physical, mental, social, and functional well-being, leading to a considerable reduction in their overall quality of life.


The precipitation,surface water resource,water level,streamflow and sediment discharge of the five-river catchments(Ganjiang River,Fuhe River,Xinjiang River,Raohe River and Xiuhe River) were analyzed.The results show: the precipitation is abundant in the five-river catchments,but its distribution is imbalanced in a year.The maximal precipitation occurs in Xinjiang catchment with the largest coefficient of variation(Cv),and the minimal precipitation occurs in Xiuhe catchment with the smallest Cv;the surface water resource is affluent in the five-river catchments.The water resource per capita in Xinjiang catchment is the least because of its huge population;floods happen often in June with similar characters among the five-river catchments;the streamflow of each river changes significantly in a year,the maximal mean-month streamflow is the several or several dozen times more than the minimal one in a year;sediment discharge decreases gradually,but Fuhe catchment has serious water loss and soil erosion per unit area,and Xinjiang catchment suffered from the heaviest waterloss and soil erosion in 2006.


Introduction: Adequate coverage of the resected tibial plateau with the tibial tray is necessary to reduce the theoretical risk of tibial subsidence after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Maximizing tibial coverage is balanced against avoiding excessive overhang of the tray causing soft tissue irritation, and establishing proper tray alignment improving implant longevity and patella function 1 . Implant design factors, including the number of tray sizes, tray shape, and tray asymmetry influence the ability to cover the tibial plateau 2 . Furthermore, rotating platform (RP) tray designs decouple restoring proper tibial rotation from maximizing tibial coverage, which may enhance the ability to maximize coverage. The purpose of the current study was to assess the ability of five modern tray designs (Fig. 1), including symmetric, asymmetric, fixed-bearing, and RP designs, to maximize coverage of the tibial plateau across a large patient population. Methods: Lower limb computed-tomography scans were collected from 14,791 TKA patients and the tibia was segmented. Virtual surgery was performed with an 8-mm tibial resection (referencing the high side) made perpendicular to the tibial mechanical axis in the frontal plane, with 3° posterior slope, and aligned transversely to the medial third of the tibial tubercle. An automated algorithm placed the largest possible tray on the plateau, optimizing the ML and AP placement (and I-E rotation for the RP tray), to minimize overhang. The largest sized tray that fit the plateau with less than 2-mm of tray overhang was identified for each of the five implant systems. The surface area of the tibial tray was divided by the area of the resected plateau and the percentage of patients with greater than 85% plateau coverage was calculated. Results: The percentage of patients with greater than 85% plateau coverage across the tray designs ranged from 17.0% to 61.4% (Fig. 1). The tray with the greatest number of size options (Tray 4, 10 sizes) had the best coverage among the fixed-bearing trays. The RP variant of the same tray had the best overall coverage. Tibial asymmetry did not significantly improve the overall tibial coverage across the patient distribution for both asymmetric designs. Incorporating a broader medial condyle improved fit along the posterior medial corner for Tray 2, but increased the average under-hang along the posterior lateral plateau offsetting any improvement in total coverage. Discussion: This analysis represents the most comprehensive assessment of tray coverage to date across a large TKA-patient population. Large variations exist in the size and shape of the proximal tibia among TKA patients 3 . Developing a tray design which provides robust coverage despite this variation remains challenging. This analysis suggests that tibial asymmetry may not robustly improve coverage. Conversely, incorporating an increased number of tray sizes and utilizing an RP implant to decouple coverage from alignment may provide the most reliable solution for maximizing coverage across the patient population.


Terahertz (THz) radiation, due to its unique propagation characters of low-energy, high-penetration, wa-ter-absorption, provides internal structure of objects and comprehensive biological information in phase contrast imaging. It has been applied in biomedical imaging, non-destructive testing, and other fields. As an important part of THz imaging technology, continuous-wave (CW) THz digital holography (TDH) is qualified as a non-invasive and whole-field phase contrast imaging method. In this paper, we review the development and status of off-axis and in-line TDH, including the recording and reconstruction theory, experimental setup, and reconstruction algorithms. The influence of existing THz sources and the reconstruction algorithms on resolution and fidelity of imaging are analyzed. And the development trend of TDH is prospected in the end.


DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A DUAL-MODE CASCADED-LOOP FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER Xiongliang Lai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Master of Science A new architecture for a frequency synthesizer with adjustable output frequency range and channel spacing is introduced. It is intended for the generation of closely spaced frequency channels in the GHz range while producing minimal spurious phase noise components. The architecture employs two independent phase-locked loops that are driven in cascade by a single reference oscillator. The approach provides fine resolution and wide bandwidth as well as low phase noise and should find application in many contemporary communication systems. The synthesizer can be operated in either of two different modes: nonfractional and mini-denominator fractional modes. The architecture produces no fractional spurs in the first mode and relatively small phase spurs when operated in the second mode. For example, in an application to a P-GSM 900 system, it is capable of tuning from 890 – 915 MHz with a channel spacing of 200 kHz and shows worst case phase spurs of -100 dBc at an offset frequency of 833 kHz. Because of the low magnitude and location of the worst case spurs, the phase-locked loop filters can be designed with a wide bandwidth which in turn results in a fast settling time. A linear frequency-switching settling time (to 0.01% of frequency increments) of 128 μs is typical in the P-GSM 900 application.


PURPOSE: A method for displaying data broadcasting in a digital television is provided to teleview the desired data broadcasting irrespective of respective data broadcasting standards by displaying the data broadcasting together with AV broadcasting. CONSTITUTION: A televiewer operates a data broadcasting channel for televiewing data broadcasting with a broadcasting standard which is different from AV broadcasting, and selects a desired data broadcasting channel(S100). A control unit of a complex digital broadcasting receiver controls data broadcasting channels with respective broadcasting standards(S110). A software processing unit extracts data corresponding to the selected data broadcasting channel, and processes the extracted data(S110). A display unit displays the AV broadcasting together with the data broadcasting of the broadcasting standard which is different from the AV broadcasting(S120).


This paper examines the effect of technology scaling and microarchitectural trends on the rate of soft errors in CMOS memory and logic circuits. We describe and validate an end-to-end model that enables us to compute the soft error rates (SER) for existing and future microprocessor-style designs. The model captures the effects of two important masking phenomena, electrical masking and latchingwindow masking, which inhibit soft errors in combinational logic. We quantify the SER in combinational logic and latches for feature sizes from 600nm to 50nm and clock rates from 16 to 6 fan-out-of-4 delays. Our model predicts that the SER per chip of logic circuits will increase eight orders of magnitude by the year 2011 and at that point will be comparable to the SER per chip of unprotected memory elements. Our result emphasizes the need for computer system designers to address the risks of SER in logic circuits in


When I started working at my current job as information security analyst, I found that there were several problems with the configuration of Internet services (e-mail, web, DNS, etc.) in regard to security. The Internet servers were not hardened either at the operating system or the application level, the systems were all located on the internal network (not in a DMZ), and there were implementation details that allowed certain Internet traffic to bypass security controls that were in place. For this case study, I will ...


The chemical composition of a efflorescence from Arga
river driff has been investigated. From the XRD analysis
can be stated that its composition corresponds to the
starkeyite and the associated minerals are: gypsum,
quartz, moscovite, chlorite, dolomite and magnesite. The
DTA and TG methods have been used to determine the
crystallization water losses, dehydroxilation, decarbonation and MgS04 decomposition. The rational analysis
have given a full knowledge of material composition. This
had not been possible only with the chemical analysis due
to the different meaning of calcination losses at different
temperatures.


Background: Ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of morbidity which may be minimized by pharmacological preconditioning. Calcium has been shown to protect cardiac muscle from IRI as well as from arrhythmia related to hyperkalaemia. Cromakalim (K+ channel opener) was shown to preserve skeletal muscle microcirculation after ischaemia. The effects of both treatments on the definitive endpoint of muscle infarction were compared. Methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (300–350 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6) (licensed Home Office approved). Tourniquet occlusion of the right thigh for 2·5 h was followed by 3·5 h of reperfusion. Heart rate, blood pressure, temperature and tissue oxygenation were monitored throughout. At the end of the experiment the tibialis anterior muscle was harvested to assess the size of muscle infarction. Group I (IRI): 2·5 h ischaemia and 3·5 h reperfusion without preceding preconditioning; group II: as for group I, preceded by three cycles of 2·5 min of ischaemia preconditioning (IPC); group III: as for group I, preceded by the administration of calcium chloride; group IV: as for group I, preceded by K+ channel opener (levocromakalim). Results: Values for mean(s.d.) muscle infarction area (MMIA) are shown in the Table.


This study aims to see whether there is a relationship between self efficacy with anxiety. Subjects in this study were students of Universitas Persada Indonesia YAI in 2010, which was chosen by using accidental sampling technique. Population number 168, the sample was taken as many as 113 respondents based on criteria morgan table. The method of collecting data uses the scale of self efficacy and anxiety scale. Data analysis technique used is bivariate correlation. The result of the analysis shows that r -0,284 with p 0,002 <0,05. So it shows that there is a significant relationship toward the negative between self efficacy with anxiety. The higher the self efficacy the lower the anxiety.


Composition of paraffin hydrogenation equipment tail gas was analyzed,alteration ideas were researched.To develop additional value of the tail gas and avoid resource waste,feasibility of using the tail gas as complementary hydrogen source was discussed.Then hydrogenation process was improved to decrease production cost.By estimating,about 7 680 m3 hydrogen can be recycled every day for 200kt/a paraffin hydrogenation equipment,that is to say,the annual benefit will be $2 600 000.While the investment cost is $690 100,it can be recovered in 0.26 year.


311 Potential causes of ICS underuse in India are well covered and clearly there are many urgent issues to address here. Education of healthcare professionals about the critical role of ICS and improvement in the availability of ICS medications are clearly important. The most crucial and likely most difficult issue to tackle here though is the education of patients about the importance of adhering with ICS treatment, reducing stigma and dispelling myths about inhaled asthma treatment.


Visual tracking plays an important role in many computer vision tasks. A common assumption in previous methods is that the video frames are blur free. In reality, motion blurs are pervasive in the real videos. In this paper we present a novel BLUr-driven Tracker (BLUT) framework for tracking motion-blurred targets. BLUT actively uses the information from blurs without performing debluring. Specifically, we integrate the tracking problem with the motion-from-blur problem under a unified sparse approximation framework. We further use the motion information inferred by blurs to guide the sampling process in the particle filter based tracking. To evaluate our method, we have collected a large number of video sequences with significatcant motion blurs and compared BLUT with state-of-the-art trackers. Experimental results show that, while many previous methods are sensitive to motion blurs, BLUT can robustly and reliably track severely blurred targets.


Abstract
This chapter elaborates on the usefulness of embracing complexity theory, modeling outcomes rather than directionality, and modeling complex rather than simple outcomes in strategic management. Complexity theory includes the tenet that most antecedent conditions are neither sufficient nor necessary for the occurrence of a specific outcome. Identifying a firm by individual antecedents (i.e., noninnovative vs. highly innovative, small vs. large size in sales or number of employees, or serving local vs. international markets) provides shallow information in modeling specific outcomes (e.g., high sales growth or high profitability) – even if directional analyses (e.g., regression analysis, including structural equation modeling) indicate that the independent (main) effects of the individual antecedents relate to outcomes directionally – because firm (case) anomalies almost always occur to main effects. Examples: a number of highly innovative firms have low sales while others have high sales and a number of noninnovative firms have low sales while others have high sales. Breaking-away from the current dominant logic of directionality testing – null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) – to embrace somewhat precise outcome testing (SPOT) is necessary for extracting highly useful information about the causes of anomalies – associations opposite to expected and "statistically significant" main effects. The study of anomalies extends to identifying the occurrences of four-corner strategy outcomes: firms doing well in favorable circumstances, firms doing badly in favorable circumstances, firms doing well in unfavorable circumstances, and firms doing badly in unfavorable circumstances. Models of four-corner strategy outcomes advance strategic management beyond the current dominant logic of directional modeling of single outcomes.


The status quo and research trend of fiber reinforced polymers(FRP)-wood composites are comprehensivelyintroduced and the market outlook of FRP-wood composites elaborated. FRP have been widely used in many fields, suchas aviation, spaceflight, automobile, sporting goods, etc. Now the FRP application in wood composites is attracting moreand more attention.


The main objective of this paper is the influence of architectural wall details on the whole wall thermal performance. Whole wall thermal performance analysis was performed for six light gage steel-framed wall systems (some with wood components). For each wall system, all wall details were simulated using calibrated 3-D finite difference computer modeling. The thermal performance of the six steel-framed wall systems included various system details and the whole wall system thermal performance for a typical single-story ranch house. Currently, predicted heat losses through building walls are typically based on measurements of the wall system clear wall area using test methods such as ASTM C 236 or are calculated by one of the procedures recommended in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals that often is carried out for the clear wall area exclusively. In this paper, clear wall area is defined as the part of the wall system that is free of thermal anomalies due to building envelope details or thermally unaffected by intersections with other surfaces of the building envelope. Clear wall experiments or calculations normally do not include the effects of building envelope details such as corners, window and door openings, and structural intersections with roofs, floors, ceilings, andmore » other walls. In steel-framed wall systems, these details typically consist of much more structural components than the clear wall. For this situation, the thermal properties measured or calculated for the clear wall area do not adequately represent the total wall system thermal performance. Factors that would impact the ability of today`s standard practice to accurately predict the total wall system thermal performance are the accuracy of the calculation methods, the area of the total wall that is clear wall, and the quantity and thermal performance of the various wall system details.« less


Objective: To expand normative data of PDQ +4 in different cultural samples of China, the PDQ+4 was administered to a group of 226 medical students in Beijing. Methods: Testing was conducted with groups of 20 students. Results: The means of Narcissistic, Antisocial, and Passive Aggressive personality disorders in PDQ +4 were higher in the male group than in the female group. The scores of Avoidance and Obsessive personality disorders at points of 90% and 95% were considerably higher than the cut-off scores of PDQ +4 . Three factors were abstracted by factor analysis. The loading of personality disorders on these three factors deviated significantly from what was originally proposed in the theory of test construction. Conclusion: Cross-cultural factors should be considered when using PDQ +4 in China. The category of personality disorders proposed in the PDQ +4 needs to be further validated.


Voice conversion is an emergent problem in voice and speech processing with increasing commercial interest, due to applications such as Speech-to-Speech Translation (SST) and personalized Text-To-Speech (TTS) systems. A Voice Conversion system should allow the mapping of acoustical features of sentences pronounced by a source speaker to values corresponding to the voice of a target speaker, in such a way that the processed output is perceived as a sentence uttered by the target speaker. In the last two decades the number of scientific contributions to the voice conversion problem has grown considerably, and a solid overview of the historical process as well as of the proposed techniques is indispensable for those willing to contribute to the field. The goal of this text is to provide a critical survey that combines historical presentation to technical discussion while pointing out advantages and drawbacks of each technique, and to bring a discussion of future directions, specially referring to the development of a perceptual benchmark process for voice conversion systems.


Electromagnetic effects of the kinetic geodesic acoustic modes (KGAMs) are numerically studied in low β(= plasma pressure/magnetic pressure) tokamak plasmas. The parallel component of the perturbed vector potential is considered along with the electrostatic potential perturbation. The finite Larmor radius and finite orbit width of the ions as well as electron parallel dynamics are all taken into account. Systematic harmonic and ordering analysis is performed for collisionless damping of the KGAMs, assuming β~(κρi)2, where κand ρiare the radial component of the KGAM wave vector and the Larmor radius of the ions, respectively. It is found that the electron parallel dynamics enhances the damping of the electrostatic KGAM modes when the safety factor q is high. In addition, the electromagnetic (finite β effect is revealed to enhance and weaken the damping of the modes in plasmas of low and high safety factor q~2.0 and 5.5, respectively. The harmonic features of the KGAMs are discussed as well.


The value of marine ecosystem services plays an important role in marine resources development and marine management.In this research,we use the classification method of Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,which is to divide the ecosystem services into food production,gene resources provision,oxygen production and climate regulation,waste disposal,biological control,leisure and recreation,scientific search and culture,primary production,biodiversity and habit provision.The result shows that the total economic values of 10 services of the marine ecosystem services of Liaodong Gulf,Bohai Gulf and Laizhou Gulf is RMB 14851.1 million yuan.Among them,Liaodong Gulf has the largest value,followed by Laizhou Gulf and Bohai Gulf,accounting for 56.7%,23.3% and 20%.Food production has the largest value in each ecosystem service,accounting for 71%.It appears high relativity among the food production,oxygen production and climate regulation and primary production,because they depend on the same primary production phytoplankton and benthic algae.The valuation of marine ecosystem services in this study would help government officials to establish the policy of ecosystem compensation.


The solid electrolyte Li3Ti1.5(PO4)3 compound has been synthesized by solid state reaction and studied by X-ray diffraction. At room temperature the compound belongs to rhombohedral symmetry (space group R3 c) with six formula units in the unit cell. Li3Ti1.5(PO4)3, Li3xLa2/3–xTiO3 (where x = 0.12) Li+-ion conducting, Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9, (ZrO2)92(Y2O3)8 with fast oxygen vacancy transport ceramic samples were investigated in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 3 GHz in the temperature interval (300-700) K by impedance spectroscopy methods. Two dispersion regions in ionic conductivity spectra for investigated ceramic samples have been found. The dispersions have been attributed to relaxation processes in grain boundaries and in grains of the ceramics.


A symmetric waveguide structure of air/crystal/air comprising a slab crystal of cyano substituted oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV) has been developed for organic crystal lasers. The OPV crystals exhibit high photoluminescence efficiency of 30% and have smooth surfaces and edges, which ensures strong self-cavity optical confinement and provides optical feedback for the laser oscillation. A single-mode laser oscillation is observed around 573 nm with a threshold of 12.8 kW/cm2 that is one of the lowest values for organic crystal lasers. The leaky loss caused by the substrate is prevented by the air/crystal/air waveguide structure.


The present article presents a proposal metodologica of education and learning centered in the development of the language human being - the orality, the reading and the writing. To say the world is the moment where the pupil develops its orality. The exchange of information and the dialogica inquiry are gifts. For the pupil it is the moment to display its knowledge, experiences and feelings in relation to one determined subject and to become related with the other; for the professor, when participating of this activity, it will have the chance to know the experiences of its pupils. To read the world means to report me it the idea of Pablo Freire (1986) on world reading that precedes the reading of the words. The pupil will go to know, to flood itself of knowing existing e (to re)construir it its context in accordance with. Here the educator will have to present the most different readings (of the body and other possibilities) that they assist in the production of knowing. To register the world synthecizes and registers this way covered. Professor and pupils can appeal to the most varied forms of register (artistic, reports, paper, posteres, periodical, daily of scientific portfolio, lesson, target log book, dossier, article and too much work), enriching the discovered activity proposal and sowing. The approach is in systemize a variation for the effective didactic transposition of the scientific knowledge to the pertaining to school knowledge. The elements articuladores pointed for the Curricular Lines of direction of the Physical Education with respect to high school of the State of the Parana (Julho/2006) - the desportivizacao; the media; the body; the health; the leisure; tactics and technique; the diversity - they are boarded as vertebrador axle of present the proposal.


In a comparative study contrasting new and traditional clustering techniques, the capabilities of K-means, the hierarchal clustering algorithm (HCA), and GenieClust were examined. Both K-means and HCA demonstrated strong consistency in cluster profiles and sizes, emphasizing their effectiveness in differentiating particle types and confirming that the fundamental patterns within the data were captured reliably. An added dimension to the study was the integration of an autoencoder (AE). When coupled with K-means, the AE enhanced outlier detection, particularly in identifying compositional loadings of each cluster. Conversely, whilst the AE's application to all methods revealed a potential for noise reduction by removing infrequent, larger particles, in the case of HCA, this information distortion during the encoding process may have affected the clustering outcomes by reducing the number of observably distinct clusters. The findings from this study indicate that GenieClust, when applied both with and without an AE, was effective in delineating a notable number of distinct clusters. Furthermore, each cluster's compositional loadings exhibited greater internal variability, distinguishing up to 3× more particle types per cluster compared to traditional means, and thus underscoring the algorithms' ability to differentiate subtle data patterns. The work here postulates that the application of GenieClust both with and without an AE may provide important information through initial outlier detection and enriched speciation with an AE applied, evidenced by a greater number of distinct clusters within the main body of the data.


Abstract A survey of predatory arthropods in lime orchards at Homestead, FL, showed that spiders significantly outnumbered the other predatory arthropods (the green lacewing Chrysoperla rufilabris, coccinellid Harmonia sp., and the ant Myrmelachista sp.). The spider community consisted of nine families, 25 genera, and 15 species. The abundance and diversity of the predatory spiders in lime orchards suggests their possible role in regulating the increase of arthropod pest populations. In general, comparison of three sampling methods revealed that the visual sampling method provided the highest number of spiders collected followed by the shake-cloth method and the DVAC suction method collected the least. However, our data showed that the choice of sampling method depends on the species of interest. For instance, spider species in the hunting group were collected frequently using the visual method followed by the shake-cloth method; whereas, most of the species in the web-building group were collected by the three sampling methods with similar frequencies. The difference in the efficiency of the sampling methods may be explained by the retreating habits of the different spider species. The data gathered in sampling the predatory arthropods in sprayed and nonsprayed lime orchards demonstrated the probable nontarget effect of the different pesticides used in the orchards.


Discuss implementation of a WorldCat Local public interface with a Voyager ILS. Explore how Voyager database information is accessed and displayed—screen scraping vs. Z 39.50 connectivity. Look at standardizing and modifying Voyager database content—syncing Voyager and OCLC bibliographic data, OCLC control numbers, bibliographic and holdings records for eResources, local URLs, local notes, holdings record data, item records necessary for holdings display, and more. Briefly talk about the impact of the WorldCat Local interface.


Energy is one of the most important fundamental elements for human development and even survival. Energy can be a significant driver for the health and welfare of residents, and the growth and development of business, as well as energy stability for cities and communities of all sizes. The world is in a period of growing energy insecurity, and municipal and business leaders are focusing attention on improving the energy resiliency of their towns and cities. Worries over escalating carbon emissions are adding urgency and uncertainty for policy makers seeking to mitigate the potential impacts of climate change. These issues highlight the need to develop energy infrastructure at a local level, which maximizes resource efficiency and exploits indigenous opportunities. Such steps enhance the energy security and resilience of local communities and shield them from the negative impacts of rising and volatile global energy markets. The city of Tuzla recognized this issue 10 years ago. District heating has been recognized as key measure for ensuring long-term energy security, due its technological flexibility and the capability of networks to be switched to renewable and local resources. Energy efficiency improvement and optimal management of CHP district heating system of the city of Tuzla have showed the best result in the last three heating season. The difference in heating energy savings with regard to heating season 2012/2013 7,848 MWh is result of improving management strategy of district heating system. Total energy savings in season 2014/2015 were 90,533 MWh, difference in heating energy savings with regard to last heating season 5,401 MWh. The outdoor temperature in season 2014/2015 was lower for 1.24°C. Total electricity savings in the seasons 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 was 59,750 € 19.92% concerning base season 2010/2011. The electricity bill for one day in the seasons 2011/2012, 201/2013 and 2013/2014 decreased for 23%. With the last season (2014/2015) electricity bill for one day decreased for 27%. We started with 1,538 €/day and now we have achieved 1,123 €/day. All these results have enabled extension of district heating network (system). City of Tuzla in the last 15 years financed connection 337 objects to district heating system (4000 dwellings) with 257,000 m of heated area. The total amount of connected heated area in the last 15 years is 700,000 m and new 8,747 users. District heating infrastructures have an important role to play in the task of increasing energy efficiency and thus making these scarce resources meet future demands. It already became clear that improving the efficiency of energy production, distribution and consumption is a key method of climate change mitigation. Preparing for such instability also increases economic competitiveness. Cities and communities that take steps to improve their energy security and resilience are more attractive to businesses, which provide employment for residents who will, in return, be attracted by a lower-cost, less polluting, and more secure energy supply. Sustainable development is the only way to achieve the vitally needed harmony between economic growth, social progress and environmental protection.


The effects of environmental parameters, including solvent, pH and ionic strength on the fluorescence features of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 were investigated. Fluorescence spectral characteristics such as fluorescence emission intensity, stokes shift and maximum emission wavelength were markedly affected by solvent type. The emission fluorescence peak of aflatoxins has been assessed between 370 and 500 nm under a 360 nm excitation source. The maximum fluorescence intensities were obtained with ethanol and acetonitrile for all aflatoxins studied. The maximum displacement on emission wavelengths for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 were obtained in methanol, dichloromethane, chloroform and acetonitrile, respectively. The study of the acidity showed that maximum signal intensity was obtained in relatively low acidity values. Also the study of ionic strength revolved that the maximum signals were obtained in 0.1 M NaCl. Also, this study shows that there is no need for another fluorophore for the study of investigated aflatoxins.


The present bibliography, relating to the years 1950 and 1951, follows the same lines as those of former years. Books and articles which I know only at second hand are marked by an asterisk. My cordial thanks are due to those scholars who have lightened my burden by sending me copies of their works. Death has inflicted severe losses on epigraphical studies. Adolf Wilhelm, who for more than half a century stood in the foremost rank of Greek epigraphists and maintained his tireless activity, despite increasing infirmity, until nearing his eighty-seventh year, died in Vienna on August 10, 1950. Quis desiderio sit pudor aut modus tam cari capitis? J. J. E. Hondius, founder and editor of SEG and Secretary of the Epigraphical Congress which met at Amsterdam in 1938, died suddenly at the Hague on November 5, 1950, in his fifty-fourth year; in him 'epigraphy has lost one of its most devoted and tireless servants, and all scholars in his field will mourn his passing'. Among others who have recently died are G. M. Bersanetti, E. Capps, E. Hermann, M. Launey, G. P. Oikonomos, A. Olivieri, A. Passerini, A. Stein, and N. Vulič. Further tributes have been paid to the work of P. Jouguet, A. Rehm, and P. Roussel.


Recently, the consumption of healthy foods has been related to the prevention of cardiovascular, degenerative diseases and different forms of cancers, underlying the importance of the diet for the consumer's health. Fruits and vegetables contain phytochemicals that act as protective factors for the human body, through different mechanisms of action. Among vegetables, Brassica received a lot of attention in the last years for the phytochemical compounds content and antioxidant capacity that confer nutraceutical value to the product. The amount of healthy bioactive compounds present in the Brassica defines the nutritional quality. These molecules could belong to the class of antioxidant compounds (e.g., phenols, vitamin C, etc.), or to non-antioxidant compounds (e.g., minerals, glucosinolates, etc.). The amount of these compounds in Brassica vegetables could be influenced by several factors, depending on the genotypes, the environmental conditions and the cultivation techniques adopted. The aim of this study is to highlight the main phytochemical compounds present in brassicas used as a food vegetable that confer nutritional and sensorial quality to the final product, and to investigate the main factors that affect the phytochemical concentration and the overall quality of Brassica vegetables.


In this submission, pH responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)–based microgels were used to fabricate optical devices (etalons). We demonstrate that the optical properties of the etalons could be manipulated upon the application of an appropriate electric potential between the etalon and a counter electrode, both in an electrolyte solution. An appropriate electrical potential hydrolyzes the water of the electrolyte solution, which subsequently changes the pH of the electrolyte solution. Since solution pH is able to change the solvation state of the microgels, and the etalon's optical properties depend on the microgel's solvation state, the etalon's optical properties can be tuned with an applied electrical potential. We show that the etalon's optical properties (color) is stable for many hours, until an appropriate potential is applied to bring the solution pH back to its initial value. The device's color switching kinetics were also probed, and showed significant color changes on the minute time scale. The dramatic optical property changes coupled with the reversibility of the device's color makes this system potentially useful for display device applications.


RNA-binding proteins interact specifically with RNA strands to regulate important cellular processes. Knowing the binding partners of a protein is a crucial issue in biology and it is essential to understand the protein function and its involvement in diseases. The identification of the interactions is currently resolvable only through in vivo and in vitro experiments which may not detect all binding partners. Computational methods which capture the protein-dependent nature of the binding phenomena could help to predict, in silico, the binding and could be resistant against experimental biases.
This thesis addresses the creation of models based on support vector machines and trained on experimental data. The goal is the identification of RNAs which bind specifically to a regulatory protein. Starting from a case study, done with protein CELF1, we extend our approach and propose three methods to predict whether an RNA strand can be bound by a particular RNA-binding protein. The methods use support vector machines and different features based on the sequence (method Oli), the motif score (method OliMo) and the secondary structure (method OliMoSS). We apply them to different experimentally-derived datasets and compare the predictions with two methods: RNAcontext and RPISeq. Oli outperforms OliMoSS and RPISeq affirming our protein specific prediction and suggesting that oligo frequencies are good discriminative features. Oli and RNAcontext are the most competitive methods in terms of AUC. A Precision-Recall analysis reveals a better performance for Oli. On a second experimental dataset, where negative binding information is available, Oli outperforms RNAcontext with
a precision of 0.73 vs. 0.59. Our experiments show that features based on primary sequence information are highly discriminative to predict the binding between protein and RNA. Sequence motifs can improve the prediction only for some RNA-binding proteins. Finally, we can conclude that experimental data on RNA-binding can be effectively used to train protein-specific models for in silico predictions.


Thispaperpresents a framework forend-to-end serviceprovisioning in multi-granularity multi-domain heterogeneous optical gridnetworks andproposes efficient connection scheduling mechanisms undersliding scheduled traffic model-inwhicheachconnection arrives tothenetwork withearliest possible starting time, latest possible ending time, andholding time.Several distributed control algorithms for scheduledtraffic routingare presented -end-to-end, hierarchical, andconcatenated; andwavelength assignment- unslotted andslotted schemes forconnection scheduling. The simulation results indicate thattheunslotted schemeperforms better whencompared toslotted schemeintermsofblocking probability. Whereas, theslotted schemeperforms better when comparedtounslotted schemeintermsaverage numberof delayed connections.


The drivers for terrestrial carbon uptake remain unclear despite a clear signal that the land removes the equivalent of up to 25-30% of fossil fuel CO2 emissions each year. Recent work has confirmed sustained carbon uptake by the land that is proportional to anthropogenic emissions, meaning that the land 'sink' has strengthened over the past five decades, and with interannual variability driven by climate. Drivers responsible for sustained uptake include hypotheses related to lengthening growing season length, increasing nitrogen deposition, changes in the ratio of diffuse to direct radiation, and land-use and land cover change. More recently, land-use and land-cover change has been investigated as a driver of land carbon uptake owing to an emergence of global-scale datasets related to canopy disturbance, land use, and forest age. At the same time, land-surface models have increased their realism in terms of moving beyond 'big-leaf' model representation of ecosystems to including vertical structure and horizontal heteorogeneity via size-and-age structured approaches. This presentation will address recent work identified forest structure and vegetation dynamics as a driver for global carbon uptake and provide examples of how remote sensing observations have led to new datasets for initialization land-surface models. Compared to inventory-based approaches, land-surface models initialized with forest age show a lessor role in explaining net terrestrial carbon uptake at global scales, but at regional scales, vegetation structure is a key determinant of carbon exchange. New satellite missions improving forest structure observations are expected to reduce uncertainties and contribute substantially to ongoing land-surface model development.


A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) at CERN is a general-purpose heavy-ion experiment designed to study the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma in highenergy nucleus-nucleus collisions. Unprecedented scale of the computing resources needed to store, reconstruct and analyze the data that will be taken by the experiment is a strong reason for moving ALICE computing toward a distributed, GRID, approach. In this paper, the ALICE distributed computing environment (AliEn) and its application to the physics data analysis, as seen from a user point of view, is shortly discussed.


In 2010, a project of "An Experimental Study of English Curriculum Reform" has been initiated in New Taipei City. It spotlighted the needs of reforming elementary schools' English education in Taiwan. Therefore, this study aimed to echo the spirit of the project. Most research studies noted that read aloud was superior to silent reading in primary EFL classrooms in Taiwan; nevertheless, other studies (Wang, 2003; Parr and Maguiness, 2005) have provided a methodology to bring talk into silent reading. Therefore, the purpose of this article intended to compare the influences of two different storytelling instructions: read aloud and silent reading along with group discussion on vocabulary acquisition, learning attitudes, and learner autonomy at two G4 classes in Taiwan. There were 35 fourth graders spending 40 minutes per week in a semester to experience the storytelling activities. The results of this study indicated that both storytelling modes (read aloud and silent reading) had a positive influence on vocabulary acquisition and reading attitudes. The other important finding was that students' learning autonomy levels were enhanced in both groups. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide a new facet of storytelling for researchers and give pedagogical inspiration to encourage EFL teachers to explore new instructions of storytelling in the language classroom to continue this valuable dialogue.


A He plus electron scattering experiment by Gosselin and Marmet [Phys. Rev. A 41, 1335 (1990)] produced the previously known ${\mathrm{He}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ${2s2p}^{2}{}^{2}D$ resonance at $58.283\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003\mathrm{eV}$ with a width $\ensuremath{\Gamma}=59\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4\mathrm{meV},$ and two new structures at $58.415\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005$ and $58.48\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02\mathrm{eV}$ with $\ensuremath{\Gamma}l2\mathrm{meV}$ and $\ensuremath{\Gamma}=70\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20\mathrm{meV},$ respectively. The nature of these last two structures has since remained unexplained. Heuristic analysis of the spectrum of the triply excited states (TES) of ${\mathrm{He}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and of conditions of electron correlation and possible localization, and application of the state-specific theory (SST) for the calculation of electronic structures and properties led to the determination of three resonance states of ${}^{2}D$ symmetry that explain quantitatively the experimental data. The implementation of the SST involved the combination of suitable choices of optimized orbitals, of nonorthonormal configuration interaction, and of mixing of bound with scattering configurations. The first two ${}^{2}D$ TES contain the ${2s2p}^{2}$ configuration as a major component, but strong radial correlation results in the spatial separation of the two p spin orbitals. The third TES, computed systematically with up to 996 optimized configurations, is an open-channel like localized wave packet.


Molecular weight and distribution of Polystyrene were tested by means of Advanced Rheology Expanded System(ARES),comparing with the results of GPC.The results showed that errors were lower.This method was very easy and quick,some helpful guidance on quality control of process has been provided.


Discusses problems of classification and nomenclature of the Arcacea. Occurrences of the ecologically restricted and temperature-controlled form, Anadara grandis, indicate the local presence of estuaries or predominantly inclosed embayments with intertidal mudflats or sand bars during Pleistocene time.


Replicability is a fundamental quality of scientific discoveries: we are interested in those signals that are detectable in different laboratories, study populations, across time etc. Testing a partial conjunction (PC) hypothesis is a statistical procedure aimed specifically to identify the signals that are independently discovered in multiple studies, unlike meta-analysis which accounts for experimental variability but does not require for an effect to be significantly detected multiple times. In many contemporary applications, ex. high-throughput genetics experiments, a large number $M$ of partial conjunction hypotheses are tested simultaneously, calling for a multiple comparison correction. However, standard multiple testing adjustments for the $M$ individual partial conjunction $p$-values can be severely conservative, especially when $M$ is large and the signal is sparse. This is due to the fact that partial conjunction is a composite null. We introduce AdaFilter, a new multiple testing procedure that increases power by adaptively filtering out unlikely candidates of partial conjunction hypotheses. We show that the simultaneous error rates can be controlled as long as data across studies are independent. We find that AdaFilter has much higher power than unfiltered partial conjunction tests and an empirical Bayes method (repfdr). We illustrate the application of the AdaFilter procedures on microarray studies of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and on GWAS for metabolomics.


A method to incorporate the thermoelastic effects of fiber coatings into models of fiber/matrix composites was deter-mined. The coated fiber was replaced by an "effective" transversely isotropic fiber so that the properties of this effective fiber could be used in composite models. This ap-proach was used to determine the magnitude of errors re-sulting from neglect of the coatings in modeling fiber/matrix debonding and sliding and in reduction of data from real composites. The effects of carbon and BN coatings in the Nicalon/SiC system were found to be significant. It was found that significant errors could be expected from fitting models to experimental data if the compliance and coeffi-cient of thermal expansion of the coatings were ignored, even when the coatings were thin. Wide use of the approach required revision of composite models to allow inclusion of a transversely isotropic fiber. Such a revision was de-rived for a popular model of matrix cracking stress, and significant effects again were found to result from neglect of coatings.


Collision of submersibles may cause damage to the pressure hull structure and threaten the security of the crew.Based on the non-linear finite element method and taking into account the structure contact,friction,and added mass of the submersible during collisions,an approach of predicting the dynamic response in the collision process was obtained.Based on numerical simulation,the collision characteristics,structural damage,and energy absorbability of the submersible were studied.Additionally,the influence of primary collision parameters on the collision dynamic response was analyzed.The research indicates that the non-linear finite element method can be applied to analyze the collision process of the submersible accurately,and the collision parameters lead to the difference in structural damage and collision response,which must be considered in the structural design of a submersible.


The reconstruction of skeletal defects using bone allografts is a frequent procedure after tumoral resections associated to good long-term results, usually better than diaphyseal endoprostheses or autologous grafts. Nevertheless, there are some complications: infection and allograft fracture associated with failure or broken fixation. We report two cases of bone reconstruction in who the fixation failed, twice in one of them.


This research was an ex post facto research which did not provide any control or manipulation of variables directly by the researchers. Embodiments of the independent variables have occurred naturally or cannot be manipulated, researchers tried to explain the facts that have occurred. The research design used in this research was descriptive-correlational design to obtain information regarding the observed phenomena and to describe the presence or absence of a relationship between the characteristics of individuals and groups, structure, culture and organizational climate of the effectiveness of the organization internally by large-small correlation coefficient. This was a quantitative approach usinf Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based variants method. The independent variables (exogenous) were individual characteristics (X1), and the characteristics of the group (X2), organizational structure (X3), organizational culture (X4) and organizational climate (X5). The effectiveness of the organization was the dependent variable or endogenous variables in this study. The results of modeling the relationship among six variables studied were generated in this study including: (1) the individual characteristics of the lecturers which were not directly related to the effectiveness of the college, (2) characteristics of the group has a direct relationship with effectiveness, and organizational structure, as well as having no relationship directly to the effectiveness of organizations through the organizational structure, (3) organizational structure directly affected the effectiveness of the organization, but did not have any direct contact with the culture and climate of the organization, (4) a direct relationship was significant relationship between culture and organizational climate to organizational effectiveness, as well as the subsequent results the findings in this study were (5) the existence of a significant direct relationship between organizational climate with the culture of the organization.


ABSTRACT The resurgence of Confucian education in present-day China has received increasing academic attention over the last two decades. However, certain aspects of this trend remain poorly understood, particularly parents' involvement in their children's Confucian education. Based on a qualitative study conducted at a Confucian school, this article sheds light on why some Chinese parents today send their children to learn the Confucian classics. The parents interviewed criticised China's examination-oriented state school system, which they regarded as too practically oriented to realise students' personal and moral development. Instead, they wanted their children to cultivate Confucian virtues and moral suzhi ('quality'). Also, Wang Caigui's theory of 'children reading classics' education strengthened the parents' confidence in the Confucian pedagogy of memorisation. Based on these findings, the article argues that using the critique tool, parents who advocate Confucian education have emerged as critical citizens who reflect on how not to be governed by the mainstream state education.


In order to meet the department interest need of saving resources and boosting efficiency,many defenders are taken as "assaulting" and ascertained their criminal responsibility;judicial organs usually verify the behavior nature of defenders according to the principle of "reluctance";defenders only have the opportunities to defend themselves when the criminals fled,thus they are absolutely accused as "untimely defense";the procedure and characteristics of the accepted cases of the public organs make the defenders often be regarded as "harm(murder),thus unable to be restrained or relieved from institutions.Finally,the dilemma that citizens are not able and not willing to use their defense rights formed.The solutions are as follows: to specify the procedure and requirements of the related cases of "assaulting";to clarify that the behavior nature should not be ascertained by "reluctance";to make certain that the criminal "fleeing with booty" is "crime in progress";to clarify and specify the judicial explanation of the content,scope,target person,and the responsibility of "arresting right" to make it feasible.


No tax can be collected without first being properly assessed. Under IRC section 6501, the IRS has three years from the filing of a return to assess any additional tax liability, and the method of assessment is dictated by IRC section 6203. Once a proper assessment is made, the IRS has 10 years to collect the deficiency. In United States v. Galletti, Marina Cabrillo Partners (the partnership) failed to pay federal employment taxes for the years 1992 through 1995, which it was required to withhold under IRC section 3402. The IRS properly assessed the tax against the partnership within the requisite three-year period; however, the partnership never paid the deficiency. Subsequently, Abel Galletti and three other general partners filed petitions for bankruptcy. The IRS filed proof of claims with the bankruptcy court related to the unpaid taxes, which the court disallowed on the basis they were not enforceable against the individual partners. The IRS appealed the disallowance of the claim to the federal district court, which affirmed the bankruptcy court decision. The IRS then appealed to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. The issue before the Ninth Circuit, and subsequently before the U.S. Supreme Court, was whether a proper assessment of tax against a partnership is extended to individual partners. The IRS argued that the code did not require the individual partners to be assessed and that the valid assessment of the partnership should extend to the individual partners. Galletti and the other partners, however, argued that since section 6203 requires assessment of the taxpayer, a term defined in IRC section 7701 (a) (14) as including individuals, they were entitled to a separate assessment naming each individually. Further, since the three-year statute of limitations on assessment had expired, they argued that no proper assessment ever could be made and the IRS was permanently prohibited from collecting the deficiency from them. The Ninth Circuit agreed with the partners. Basing its opinion on the definition of the term taxpayer in IRC section 7701(a)(14), it found the partners were taxpayers separate and distinct from the partnership and, therefore, an assessment that did not name them individually was not valid. The IRS petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court and was granted certiorari. Result. For the IRS. Reversing the decision of the Ninth Circuit, the Supreme Court unanimously held that the proper assessment of the partnership extended to the general partners. …


OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between salivary proteome and dental caries and to promote the biomarker studies of dental caries susceptibility by comparing the salivary proteome of caries-active children and caries-free children with electrospray ionization ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS).

METHODS
Ten caries-active children and ten caries-free children were sampled. The salivary proteome of the two groups was studied, and the differential protein between the two groups was analyzed by ESI-MS/MS after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, filter-aided sample preparation, and liquid chromatography.

RESULTS
The concentration of salivary protein was higher in the caries-active group than in the caries-free group. The polypeptide counts of thecaries-active and caries-free groups were 602 and 481, which belonged to 286 and 227 proteins, respectively. The differential polypeptide count of the two groups was 361, and the differential protein count was 118. The detected proteins included matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), mucin-7 (MUC7), lactotransferrin (LTF), carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6), azurocidin (AZU), and cold agglutinin.

CONCLUSION
The total salivary protein was higher in the caries-active group than in the caries-free group. The preliminary detection of differential proteins (MMP9, MUC7, LTF, CA6, AZU, and cold agglutinin) may lay some foundation for biomarker research of dental caries susceptibility.


Along with the maturity of the 3G technology and related business,commercial application of 3G has been placed on the a-genda by domestic major telecommunication operators.Firstly,this paper introduces simply 3G service and influence of Billing System caused by 3G,Secondly,it introduces specialties of 3G Billing,Thirdly,building principle of 3G Billing System is described,At last,it introduces building solution of 3G Billing System.


Cut joint technique is employed in the first report for extension Rosenthal's order-n algorithm to multibody systems with closed-loop topology. Equations of motion and cut joint constraint equations constitute a set of differential-algebraic equation (DAE) that must be solved when doing dynamic analysis. When numerical method is employed for solving that DAE, cut joint constraint violation occurs. In this second report, methods for eliminating constraint violation are examined. The reliable approach for selecting parameters used in Baumgarte constraint stabilization method for variable step integration methods is proposed. Coordinate projection method is also proposed for constraint violation treatment. Dynamic analysis of a slider crank mechanism is carried out to show the validity of the proposed methods.


Objective To study the expression of CD44v6 and MRP in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, and the relationships of expression with the curative effect of chemotherapy and prognosis. Methods To detect the protein expression of CD44v6 and MRP gene in 10 normal,20 benign and 50 malignant epithelial ovarian tumor tissue with S-P method of immunohistochemistry technique. Results ①Positive expression of CD44v6 and MRP in malignant was higher than the expression in benign and normal tissues (P 0.05). ②The staining intensity for CD44v6 and MRP was related to clinical stage, histologic grade and lymphonode metastasis (P 0.05). ③CD44v6 expression was positive correlated with MRP expression in malignant epithelial ovarian tumors(r= 0.557). ④The cases of the positive rates of CD44v6 and MRP were bad of chemotherapy and poor of prognosis. Conclusion The detection of CD44v6 and MRP may predict the curative effect of chemotherapy and prognosis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.


The objective of this book is to bridge a gap in the freshwater malacology of Venezuela which includes native, endemic and introduced species. A special effort has been set on species playing the role of intermediate hosts of important trematodiasis infecting cattle and humans in Venezuela. Gastropods are the most important group of molluscs including 49 species of which 11 may be considered as endemic, 28 as native and 10 as introduced. Bivalves include 16 species of which 3 may be considered as endemic, 11 as native and 2 as introduced. A state of the art is presented for each species: morphological description including shell morphology, anatomy of the reproductive system, phylogenetic data and genetic diversity when available, type of habitat and ecology. Since many of the treated species are distributed in large parts of Southern and Central America this book delivers an useful tool for the determination of freshwater molluscs in most parts of Central and Southern America.