Cocoa is the main plantation crop in Indonesia after rubber and oil palm. Indonesia's cocoa production is the sixth-largest after Ghana and Ivory Coast. Cocoa cultivation spreads to almost all islands in Indonesia. However, the largest is on the island of Sulawesi. West Sulawesi is one of the largest cocoa producers in Indonesia. The decline in cocoa production has continued since 2012. One of the causes of the decline in cocoa production is a decrease in acreage and low productivity of the cocoa plant. The current average cocoa productivity is only 797 kg/ha/year. This productivity is very low compared to the optimum productivity, reaching 2,000-3,000 kg/ha/year. One of the causes of low productivity is uneven land suitability. Cocoa is grown on land with a poor land index. This study aims to study the land index in West Sulawesi to develop land suitability for cocoa plants. His research took place in January-August 2020. The collection of representative points consisted of 30 points spread over four districts in West Sulawesi, namely Polewali Mandar, Majene, Mamuju and Mamasa Regencies. The results showed that there was a strong correlation between land index values and cocoa productivity. Each increase in the land index will increase the productivity of specific cocoa plants for the West Sulawesi Region. The highest Land Suitability Index value (53.56) was obtained on land with cocoa productivity of 2,000 kg/ha/year. The lowest Land Suitability Indexvalue is obtained on land with a 700 kg/ha/year productivity.


Covid-19 pandemic has implications for all aspects of fishery activities in Indonesia, one of them is negative impact on the supply chain of the fishery business. To find out more about this impact, the study was aimed to determine the condition, in general, of tuna capture fisheries in the Talaud Islands Regency before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic, and to find out the comparison of operational costs and production of fresh tuna at the level of fishermen and intermediary traders in the area in both periods. Data collection was carried out in April 2020 to March 2021. Three districts in the area were selected as research locations, namely Salibabu, Gemeh, and South Essang. Surveys using questionnaires were conducted on respondents at predetermined locations. Comparative analysis using t-test was applied in this study. The results showed that the pandemic has caused, among other things, a decline in fish prices, effect in community's economy, and a decrease of tuna production. Tuna production is particularly important because while it affected the production, the operational costs remained constant. This occurs at all levels, both at the level of fishermen and at the level of intermediary traders. It can be concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on fresh tuna fishing activities in the area where fresh tuna production has decreased and tuna buying traders are not operating. In particular, the operational costs of catching tuna at the fisherman's level are the same, both before and during the pandemic. Meanwhile, tuna production has decreased dramatically during the pandemic. This also happens at the level of intermediary traders.Indonesian title: Komparasi biaya operasional dan produksi produk tuna segar pada masa sebelum dan selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara


Pb(Zr/sub 1-x/Ti/sub x/)O/sub 3/ thin films (x=0.55 and 0.85) were prepared on fine grained, polished ZrO/sub 2/ ceramic substrates by a sol-gel method. The high thermal expansion of ZrO/sub 2/ relative to Si allows the preparation of thicker PZT films with reduced thermal stress. For the x=0.85 films, this reduction of thermal stress gives a preference of [001] over (100) oriented domains. For x=0.55 films, square P-E hysteresis loops were obtained with: P/sub r/=36 /spl mu/C/cm/sup 2/, and E/sub c/=45 kV/cm, at a field of 160 kV/cm. Pyroelectric figures of merit, defined as P//spl epsi/, of 0.93 were measured for a 4.0 /spl mu/m thick Pb(Zr/sub 0.15/Ti/sub 0.85/)O/sub 3/ film. The measured properties were comparable to those of highly (111) oriented films on Si. Thus, the [001] texture must be increased in order to realize improved properties.


The multilayer printed wiring board 10 has a wiring pattern in which the mounting portion 60 is mounted a semiconductor element electrically connected to a 32 to the top surface; And that formed in the ceramic comprises a dielectric layer 43 and the high dielectric constant layer capacitor portion 40 having a first layer electrode and the second electrode layers 41 and 42 sandwiching the 43. The other electrode of the first layer electrode and the second layer electrodes (41 and 42), one electrode of the is connected to a power supply line of the semiconductor element, the first layer electrode and the second layer electrodes 41 and 42 are connected to the ground line do. In the multilayer printed wiring board 10, high dielectric constant layer 43 included in the layered capacitor portion 40 is connected between the power supply line and a ground line is formed of a ceramic. In this structure, it is possible to increase the cone layer capacitance of the sensor unit 40, it shows a sufficient decoupling effect even in an environment in which there is a transient decrease potential easily occurs.


Starting from an extensive laboratory study, a totally automated and integrated pulsed waterjet stripping system was installed at Vector Aerospace in Canada. The function of the APWSS (Automated Pulsed Waterjet Stripping System) is to strip thermal barrier coating (TBC) and a variety of other hard coatings from aircraft engines and other complicated parts. The system is currently undergoing thorough testing for reliability, reproducibility and other requirements for stripping.


The potential of several commercially available polymeric materials for use in controlled-release drug delivery devices was investigated. Tetracycline derivatives was used as model hydrophilic drug. The tetracycline permeation rate through chitosan membrane were obtained on membrane socked in deionized water untill the saturating. The permeability, diffusion coefficent, and partition coefficent for tetracycline derivatives were determined for chitosan membrane made from chitine(Penaeus orientalis, Penaeidae).


A polling system comprising n queues and a single server is considered. Service is performed according to an elevator scheme under the globally gated regime. The problem of arranging the channels to minimize a measure of the variability of the waiting times is addressed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 44: 605–611, 1997


The mechanism of the evasion of the taxes in business is considered. The reasons and conditions of tax violations origin are elicited. It is shown that there is a certain connection between factors causing and promoting tax violations. The author comes to a conclusion that the choice of a method of taxation avoidance directly depends on the conditions of tax violation origin.


The complex agenda for comparative-effectiveness research outlined by the Institute of Medicine and the Federal Coordinating Council will require sustained, mission-focused leadership. Jordan VanLare and colleagues propose a five-step process.


Energy efficient distribution transformers can save up to 1% of the total world electricity. By 2020, the potential savings represent 100- 150 TWh / year of electricity in OECD coun- tries, equivalent to more than 70 million tonnes of CO 2 emissions. Despite this significant potential energy saving, the paper discusses why high efficiency distribution trans- formers not have yet reached their rightful place as an ener- gy saving option in national energy efficiency policies. The paper briefly explains the technical solutions availa- ble that reduce transformer losses by up to 75% (when re- placing with modern transformers) or even 90% (when replacing transformers over 30 years old). High-efficiency transformers are available and already used by the utility in- dustry. Producing energy-efficient transformers is not a tech- nical challenge. The technology is available in all countries. Utility's investment in energy-efficient distribution trans- formers has an economic payback time between 1.4 and 8 years, and an internal rate of return between 70% and 11%. There are a variety of additional cost savings and benefits associated with energy-efficient transformers. They reduce transformer heating, hence lower need for additional cooling or insulation (hence reduced variable costs such as coolants, ageing insulation materials); they present reduced noise lev- els and a longer operating lifetime. Low-loss transformers also better withstand electronic (harmonic) loads. Finally low-loss transformers reduced emissions (example 150 tonnes CO 2 , 1 tonne So x , 0.3 tonne No x , 15 tonnes ashes


The diagnosis of malfunctions in automobiles today is becoming increasingly complex. The development of a diagnostic system that is "hands free" and easy to use would be of great benefit to the industry. The objective of this work is to investigate the feasibility of a voice-recognition interface that will enable execution of diagnostic procedures through spoken commands.


Timber harvested from fresh-felled trees has high moisture content and relatively high mass. During storage, the timber dries out and its weight decreases with the loss of moisture. The main objective of this study was to determine how the method and conditions of short-storage in summer affect weight changes and moisture loss in beech timber (not used for fuel). The study was carried out in a stand located in the north-eastern part of the range of beech. The age of the studied stand was 47 years. A total of 60 model trees were selected and divided into two groups. In the first group, 30 whole trees (WT) were left in the stand after felling. In the second group, 30 trees (CT) were delimbed and crosscut, and trunk sections (logs) were obtained (2.5 m). The timber (CT) was stored in a pile, and the weight of each log was measured daily. After 14 days, the trees from the first group, which had been left in the stand (WT), were delimbed and the trunks were cut into 2.5 m sections and weighed. It was assumed that timber intended for mechanical processing is stored in the forest for a short period of time, unlike energy wood. Therefore, the period of storage was not longer than two weeks. A more effective method of drying is to leave whole trees after felling, called transpirational drying. The timber stored in a pile (CT) lost moisture more slowly than the timber from trees that had been left whole after felling (WT). Comparing the weights of the logs stored in a pile, on days after harvesting, a statistically significant difference was found only between the first and the last day. It can be concluded that two weeks is the minimum period of storage in a pile (CT) required to obtain a significant degree of weight change and moisture loss.


Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder that ultimately results in the complete destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. By the time of diagnosis, 80-90% of all beta cells have already been irreparably destroyed. In order to predict the onset of disease and provide preventative treatment before cell destruction occurs, high-risk individuals can be screened for biomarkers. Possible biomarkers include genes linked to disease susceptibility, autoantibodies found within the blood prior to disease onset, and genes linked to general inflammation caused by autoimmune disorders. In this study, the relative mRNA expression of GAD2, IA2, IL6, IL18, CTLA4, IFN-γ and CXCL1 was determined by RT-qPCR in the pancreata of non-obese daibetic (NOD) mice at pre-diabetic (3-4 wks), pre-hyperglycemic (7-11wk) and diabetic (>12wk) stages of disease. While RNA degradation due to presumed faulty pancreatic extraction techniques made analysis difficult, an increase in expression of IL18, CXCL1 and ICA1 with T1D progression was observed. This investigation sets the stage for future experimentation for enhanced expression analysis and selection of better target genes through microarray reactions. IntRoduCtIon Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by an autoimmune response leading to T-cell mediated destruction of an individual's pancreatic beta cells. These beta cells are normally responsible for the regulation of blood sugar levels through the release of insulin. Without the natural production of insulin by these specialized cells, intravenous insulin is required to control glucose levels (1). In addition to the burden of outside control of insulin, other symptoms such as hyperglycemia and metabolic instability predispose diabetics to other health risks later in life, including blindness, kidney failure, and heart disease. These symptoms and long-term health risks could be alleviated by preserving pancreatic beta cell mass. By the onset of T1D, only 10-20% of beta cell mass remains, making preventative treatment difficult (2). New methods are being developed to predict beta cell destruction and to give treatment the opportunity to prevent such destruction from occurring. One such method uses biomarkers as indicators for abnormal biological activity. Biomarkers are currently utilized to predict the onset of the disease, calculate response to treatment, and determine future health risks associated with the disease. To select for possible biomarkers present during the pathology of diabetes, the mechanism of beta cell destruction must be understood. This mechanism is comprised of a series of receptor-mediated interactions that ultimately result in the T-cell mediated release of granzymes and perforin causing beta cells to undergo apoptosis (1). This process is primarily controlled by macrophages and T-cells, which are both implicated in the activation and recruitment of additional inflammatory cells to the pancreas through the release of cytokines. The primary cytokines involved in disease development are interleukin-6 (IL6) and interleukin-18 (IL18), and their release generates a T-helper type 1 (Th1) inflammatory response (3). Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ ) is a cytokine linked to T1D that also initiates a Th1mediated inflammatory response and has been found in higher levels in diabetics compared to their healthy counterparts (4,5). These cytokine interactions eventually lead to T-cell mediated destruction, induced by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Specifically, CD4+ helper T-cells are tasked with activating CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, the T-cells responsible for releasing granzymes and perforin (1,3). Genes that have been found to have either increased or decreased levels of expression in the pancreas throughout the progression of T1D are chemokine (C-X-C motif), ligand 1 (CXCL1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) (4,6). CXCL1 is an inflammatory mediator that increases in expression in several autoimmune disorders including T1D. In comparison with unaffected mice, diabetic mice had three to five times higher expression levels of CXCL1 (6). CTLA4, another gene implicated in increasing risk for developing T1D, works as a regulator of immune function by negatively regulating T-cell activation (4). Lower expression of CTLA4 is therefore strongly connected to T-cell associated autoimmunity. In relation to T1D specifically, there is a 47% increase in risk by possessing one allele, and a 48% increase in risk by possessing another allele (8). Significant correlations between disease development and gene expression provides the potential for both to be used as biomarkers. Autoantibodies also have potential to work as biomarkers. Early in the progression of T1D, autoantibodies targeting islet cell antigens have been detected in the bloodstream. The exact function and mechanism of these autoantibodies is still unknown, but like CXCL1 and CTLA4, these autoantibodies hold predictive value and potential for utilization as biomarkers. These autoantibodies commonly target insulin and a zinc transporter (ZnT8) in islet cells and proteins glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2) and islet antigen 2 (IA2) in other related tissues (2). Analyzing expression levels of these genes at various time points in T1D can establish a set of genes that characteristically increase or decrease during the onset of T1D. In this investigation, the expression levels of ICA1, GAD65, IFN-γ , IL18, IL6, CXCL1 and CTLA4 were analyzed at different time points throughout the progression of T1D. These time points were prediabetic (3-4 week), pre-hyperglycemic (7-11 week), and diabetic (>12 week) stages. As differential spatial expression most likely occurs for these genes, expression was only examined in the pancreas of the NOD mice. If expression in a particular set of genes increased or decreased significantly through disease characteristic peaks at 18s and 28s (Fig. 1A). Only one early peak is seen in the electropherograms produced from the extracted RNA (Fig. 1B), indicating a large quantity of short degraded fragments of RNA. IL18, CXCL1 and ICA1 are upregulated with T1D progression Of the experimental genes, only IL18, CXCL1 and ICA1 were successfully amplified and sequentially quantified. Quantifiable amounts of amplification allowed expression levels of these genes to be measured and compared across time points throughout the progression of T1D. All three of the genes increased in expression from a pre-diabetic time point to a fullonset time point (Fig. 2). If this pattern were more fully developed and substantiated, it could provide data to qualify these three genes as potential biomarkers for T1D and allow one to predict for the onset of T1D if a characteristic change in gene expression is seen in IL18, CXCL1, and ICA1. dISCuSSIon Of the seven genes experimentally tested for differential expression throughout the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice, only IL18, CXCL1, and ICA1 showed observable trends. Each of these three genes increased in expression development, these genes could be utilized as biomarkers for


A micromachined electrostatically suspended gyroscope is described in this paper, in which a spinning ring-shaped rotor is suspended by an electric bearing in five degrees of freedom and driven by a three-phase variable-capacitance motor. The electric bearing provides contactless suspension of the spinning rotor, allowing the rotor through a torque-rebalance loop to precess about two input axes that are orthogonal to the spin axis. In this way, the micromachined spinning-rotor gyroscope can be used as a two-degree-of-freedom angular rate sensor by detecting the precession-induced torque. Design and simulation of the dual-axis torque-rebalance loop, by considering actual negative spring effect in rotor dynamics, are presented to investigate the loop stability and explain the experimental measurement. The prototype device has been fabricated by bulk micromachining technique and tested successfully with a suspended rotor spinning at a speed of 10 085 rpm. Initial measurements of the rate gyroscope shows that an input range of ±100° s−1, a noise floor of 0.015° s−1 Hz−1/2, and a bias stability of 50.95° h−1 have been achieved. The detailed results of the prototype device, electric bearing and motor spin-up are also described.


Previous studies indicated potent inhibitory effects of β2‐adrenoceptor (β2AR) activation on the immunological mediator release of mast cells (MC). Here, we studied effects of β2AR agonists on human MC mediator release, and in particular on MC proliferation, adhesion, and migration. MC were isolated from human intestinal mucosa, purified, and cultured in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF). β2AR activation by epinephrine, norepinephrine, and salbutamol suppressed the IgE receptor‐dependent release of histamine, lipid mediators, and TNF‐α, and inhibited SCF‐dependent MC proliferation and migration. Moreover, β2‐adrenergic stimulation interfered with MC adhesion to fibronectin and human endothelial cells. Using fluorescent phallacidin, we found that β2AR activation reduced the amount of filamentous actin (F‐actin) within minutes, whereas MC stimulation by either IgE receptor cross‐linking or SCF caused F‐actin accumulation. Interestingly, this activation‐induced F‐actin increase was abolished by previous β2‐adrenergic stimulation. Finally, we demonstrated that disruption of the F‐actin cytoskeleton by latrunculin B mimicked the effects of β2AR agonists on MC adhesion and migration. Our results argue for an important role of F‐actin interference in β2AR‐mediated MC inhibition. Furthermore, the data support the concept of neuroimmune interactions regulating intestinal MC distribution, density, and functionality in vivo.


The fifth edition of this work arrived six years from the previous edition, demonstrating a trend by the publisher to shorten the time between revisions. Staying true to the book's heritage, the editor retained the focus of providing an introduction to the history and philosophy of the field as well as an overview of student affairs functional areas. There are 17 chapters, 13 focused on what might be considered traditional functional areas of student affairs practice, such as career services, student conduct, and residence life. The remaining four chapters addressed the philosophical heritage (Chapter 1), an historical perspective (Chapter 2), assessment (Chapter 15), and imagining the future of the profession (Chapter 17). All chapters from the previous edition remain, accompanied by three new chapters addressing Greek life, collegiate recreation, and assessment. Eight chapters included new authors, most of them practitioners in the respective functional areas, along with several faculty in professional preparation programs. The breadth and depth of the authors is a continued hallmark of this text's legacy.


Recent advances in wireless communications such as Low Power Wider Area Networks (LPWAN) have actively encouraged the development of cutting-edge Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The healthcare sector has been considered one of the main areas that IoT can be used to inspire novel applications. One such application is the electrocardiogram (ECG) which integrating it with an IoT capability can become an instrument for monitoring patients and predicting possible conditions of the patients thanks to crowdsensing and machine learning techniques. This paper presents a conceptual design of a system for 3-lead ECG monitoring that is being customized to communicate its findings through LoRaWAN. The medical sensor's conceptual design is based on the specification of the communication protocol in order to cope with its operating characteristics as well as to improve its power consumption.


We present a detailed theory and experimental study of infrared optical wave mixing based on thermal nonlinearity in nematic liquid crystal films. Because of the longer wavelength of infrared laser, lower scattering loss, transparency and other unique physical characteristics, very efficient degenerate optical wave mixing effects can be realized in nematic liquid crystal films. Applications to fairly fast (submillisecond) phase conjugations, beam and image amplification and self-pumped phase conjugation are also discussed.


Component-based software development in statically typed, object-oriented programming languages has proven successful in reducing development costs and raising software quality. However, this form of software development still poses many challenges and thus requires better support on the programming language level. The language JavaGI, a conservative extension of Java 1.5, offers generalized interfaces as an effective improvement. Generalized interfaces subsume retroactive and typeconditional interface implementations, binary methods, symmetric multiple dispatch, interfaces over families of types, and static interface methods. These features allow non-invasive and in-place object adaptation, thus enabling solutions to several software extension, adaptation, and integration problems with components in binary form. Further, they make certain coding patterns redundant and increase the expressiveness of the type system. The generalized interface mechanism offers a unifying conceptual view on these seemingly disparate concerns, for which previously unrelated extensions have been suggested. This dissertation introduces the language JavaGI by explaining its features and motivating its design. Technical contributions of the dissertation are the formalization of a core calculus for JavaGI and a proof of type soundness, determinacy of evaluation, and decidability of subtyping and typechecking. The formalization also includes a typeand behavior-preserving translation from a significant subset of the core calculus to a slightly extended version of Featherweight Java. Moreover, the dissertation explores two extensions of the type system, which both have undecidable subtyping relations but for which several decidable fragments exist. The undecidability result for one of the extensions sheds light on the decidability of subtyping in Scala and of subtyping with Java wildcards. On the practical side, the dissertation presents the implementation of a JavaGI compiler and an accompanying run-time system. The compiler is based on an industrial-strength Java compiler and offers mostly modular typechecking but fully modular code generation. It defers certain well-formedness checks until load time to allow for greater flexibility and to enable full support for dynamic loading. Benchmarks show that the code generated by the compiler offers good performance. Several case studies demonstrate the practical utility of the language and its implementation. The implementation also includes a JavaGI plugin for the Eclipse IDE.


Objective: To investigate whether nimodipine (NM), a cerebrovascular selective Ca2+ antagonist, potentiates the anaesthetic effects of ethanol, pentobarbitone and ketamine in rats.

Methods: Groups of overnight fasted albino rats received either ethanol (2.5 ml/100g, 25% solution, p.o.), or pentobarbitone (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.p.) along with vehicle (n= 10 in each group). In another experiment, groups of animals were pre-treated with NM (10 mg/kg, i.p.) along with either one of ethanol, pentobarbitone or ketamine. Animals were assessed for loss of righting reflex. The onset and duration of anaesthetic effect in all groups was recorded. Effect of NM alone (10,20 and 40 mg/kg, i.p.) was also observed in normal rats.

Results: NM significantly (p <0.01) potentiated the anaesthetic effects of ethanol, pentobarbitone and ketamine in rats. NM pretreatment reduced the onset while prolonged the duration of anaesthetic effects of these agents. NM itself failed to produce any anaesthetic effect.

Conclusion: Potentiation of anaesthetic effects of ethanol, pentobarbitone and ketamine by NM may be at least in part, due to modulation of voltage dependent Ca2+ channels.


Although, macadamia has been grown commercially in Kenya for about 40 years, it has been known in the past 25 years that efforts to select or introduce superior trees have been embarked on. From 300 mother trees that were previously selected only 17 superior clones are currently under investigation in four agro-ecological zones. Currently 4 of 17 clones have been recommended for commercial production in the central, eastern, and western highlands. Local adaptability tests show that there are no significant differences in age to bearing, yield and kernel quality of the majority of the macadamia (M. intergrifolia) clones in Kenya. Amongst the M. integrifolia clones evaluated, EMB-1, MRG-20, and KRG-15 had acceptable yields (55 to 80 kg/tree) and kernel recovery (31.3 to 33.7%) in three agro-ecological zones (main coffee, marginal coffee, and coffee/tea zones). However, MRG-20 was considered the clone with a wide adaptability. KRG-15 has excellent yields (80 kg/tree, 92 % grade 1 nuts, 32.4% kernel recovery) and is recommended for growth in the main coffee zone, marginal coffee zone and sunflower maize zone. KMB-3 (macadamia hybrid) performs particularly well in the coffee/tea zone (yield 60 kg/tree; 90 % grade 1, 35.3% kernel recovery). Seven new clones from Meru, (MRU-24 and MRU-25), Wondanyi (TTW-2), Embu (EMB-H and EMB-2) and Kiambu (KMB-4 and KMB-25) are been evaluated for adaptation in the main coffee or coffee/tea zone.


This paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied to the analysis of ceramics and glass materials. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subject that were published between 1977‐1998. The following topics are included: ceramics – material and mechanical properties in general, ceramic coatings and joining problems, ceramic composites, ferrites, piezoceramics, ceramic tools and machining, material processing simulations, fracture mechanics and damage, applications of ceramic/composites in engineering; glass – material and mechanical properties in general, glass fiber composites, material processing simulations, fracture mechanics and damage, and applications of glasses in engineering.


This study uses a qualitative approach to examine how biopolitics and medical dominance affect the lives of refugee women of Somali origin. The focus is on examining interactions between Somali women and healthcare providers in a Northwestern city in the United States. These interactions create spaces of contestation and negotiation in which Somali women's meanings of prenatal experiences are illuminated. The study utilizes the context of prenatal care and delivery to examine the way this subordinate group is treated, their reaction to this treatment, and the perceptions which are in turn engendered by their reaction to this treatment. Biopolitics in this context is a conceptual collaborator in illuminating the body as a source of transcendental identity. It will be particularized by illuminating U.S. health care providers within the context of providing prenatal services to Somali women refugee patients. Within this context Somali women are representative of particular ideological identities that are conveyed within biomedical interactions.


Ring artifacts are inevitable in microtomographic images. In a Digital Rock workflow, such defects might affect the subsequent segmentation and flow simulation. We propose a correction of ring artifacts in reconstructed microtomographic images by inpainting. Our blind inpainting method uses a 3D convolutional network U-net. For the creation of training and validation datasets, we suggest an algorithm for transferring real ring artifacts to an arbitrary place in the undistorted slices of 8 big images of sandstones and sand. The parameters of the deep neural network and loss functions are analyzed. A loss function based on the multi-scale structural similarity index (MS-SSIM) allows to achieve the best performance. The developed solution corrects ring artifacts perfectly from a point of view of visual assessment and outperforms existing inpainting methods according to quality metrics based on MS-SSIM and mean absolute error (MAE).


Social inequity threatens the long-term welfare and sustainability of society. Caste systems are inequitable social systems with a long history. Affirmative action quotas in public institutions ens...


To begin with, I'll focus on the Dutch name Jan. Secondly, I'll analyze which Dutch compound words include the name Jan, as well as the semantic fields they can be grouped into. Then, I'll talk about the influence of this name into German and English. As regards the latter, the word Yankee will be explained in depth. I mean to draw conclusions about the sort of word it becomes part of and the situations that it's used in. Also, the degree of influence over the aforementioned languages will be discussed.


Timely, evidence-based, and safe control of hyperglycemia is foundational to the management of type 2 diabetes and is essential for preventing acute and chronic complications of this common and serious disease. There are 2 main reasons for suboptimal glycemic control: the patient's inability, for whatever reason, to adhere to prescribed medication(s) and the clinician's failure to initiate or intensify glucose-lowering therapy when it is clinically appropriate to do so (ie, therapeutic inertia). Therapeutic inertia is common, affecting as many as 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes, 1 and is driven by a wide range of barriers at the clinician, patient, and health system levels. 2 Addressing therapeutic inertia is a priority viewed as central to reducing the burden of diabetes and its complications. 2


In this essay, we present the development of an important analogue calculating device, the differential analyzer. Section 1 introduces the main purpose that this type of machine was built for, namely the solution of differential equations and, in this context, the integration of a function. Section 2 summarizes the most important milestones regarding the development of mechanical differential analyzers. Section 3 deals with some typical applications. Section 4 concludes with some improvements of the differential analyzer that were achieved by replacing mechanical parts with electrical ones. Furthermore, a short comparison of the differential analyzer with the present-day technology is done.


This thesis is concerned with the chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. There are two parts to this work, the first describes the synthesis and catalytic activity of Ir-NHC complexes, the second part details the electrochemical synthesis of Cu-NHC complexes derived from triazolium salts.
Iridium complexes bearing NHC-carborane ligands are active in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone. These complexes were synthesised and characterised. The known catalytic activity was probed by studying the chemical reactivity of these complexes under a range of conditions. This led to the characterisation of a hydride species by various analytical techniques. The proposed mechanism of catalysis has been investigated using computational methods (DFT). No evidence to support the previously proposed mechanism was found, but there was some evidence for the operation of an unprecedented alternative. The catalytic reaction was monitored using on-line NMR spectroscopy. This confirmed the presence of hydridic species under catalytic conditions, however their exact identity could not be determined. Combined mass spectroscopic data indicates the presence of both monomeric and dimeric species.
Transition metal NHC complexes can be synthesised electrochemically, by reduction of the NHC precursor and concomitant oxidation of a sacrificial metal anode. Triazolium salts, which are known precursors to NHCs, have not previously been applied to this method. Triazolium salts were prepared and fully characterised. Several copper-NHC complexes bearing triazolium derived NHCs have been prepared both chemically and electrochemically, and characterised by a range of analytical techniques. An unexpected ring-opening reaction was observed under electrochemical conditions in one case, and various factors affecting this reaction have been investigated.


Sarcocystis schizonts were seen in histologic sections of the brain of a stillborn Saanen goat from Australia. The organism was located in endothelial cells of blood vessels, divided by endopolygeny, and reacted with anti-S. cruzi polyclonal rabbit serum in an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunohistochemical test.


In this paper, author gained one-hand dates from using the method of questionnaire investigation to survive visitors and tourism experts, whom totaled of 495. On this base, author used the ANP model to research the factors' weight of selecting scenic, and used fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to Xuzhou obtain the scores of Xuzhou's scenic spots. This article gained conclusions that signal research could not by using normal visitors and visitor experts to compare. These conclusions showed the way of tourism development in Xuzhou. Hoping these conclusions can provide a basis for the development of toursim in Xuzhou, as well as, other parts of our country.


This study examines children's touch conduct in peer-group interaction in a Swedish preschool. Through a detailed analysis of 100 video-recorded touch episodes from everyday preschool activities, t...


This study investigated an overlapping multipinhole SPECT system and sought to optimize the arrangement of pin holes for quantitative mouse brain imaging. An analytical Monte Carlo simulation method took into account the pinhole aperture function, edge penetration and intrinsic detector resolution. A model-based 3D OSEM algorithm was developed and used to reconstruct images. Three pinhole models (ideal pinhole, geometric pinhole and real pinhole) were implemented in the reconstruction algorithm. Results showed that the compensation for pinhole aperture and edge penetration had improved resolution. Study using a resolution (cold-rod) phantom with various pinhole diameters (0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 mm) and various pinhole numbers (1, 4, 9 and 16) showed that the multipinhole had improved the trade-off between sensitivity and resolution. Quantitative study of cerebral Dopamine Transporter (DAT) binding using a mouse brain phantom and 1.0-mm pin holes showed that the multipinhole had outperformed single pinholes by lowering the variance of quantification. Results also suggest that approximately 10 pinholes is a good choice for the mouse brain study.


The increase situation of the inbound tourism market in Liaoning Province since 2000,wsa analyzed the differences of inbound tourism between Liaoning and other adjacent proviences in China were discused.Based on the model of tourism market competition state,the characteristic of source-market of inbound tourism market was analyzed.Comparing the realistic tourism market competition state,in order to develop the inbound tourism of Liaoning province,It was suggested the market potential should be searched,the tourism resources be integrated,characteristic product be formed,the cooperation among different areas be strengthen.


Introduction: Lungs are the vital organs for respiration. The lungs are covered by a double-layered serous membrane called pleura. The space between the pleura contains pleural fluid which helps in lubrication and prevents friction between the lungs and chest wall. Intercostal drain is a flexible plastic tube that is inserted through the chest wall into the pleural space. It is used to remove air, fluid, and pus from the intrathoracic space. Apatient may require an intercoastal drainage system at any time when the negative pressure in the pleural cavity is disrupted, resulting in respiratory distress. Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of instructional package on knowledge and practices regarding care of the patients with intercoastal drainage among staff nurses in selected hospitals. Materials and Methods: A descriptive evaluatory research approach with one group pre-test post-test research design was used for the study. The sample comprised 50 staff nurses who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: We observed that knowledge and practices measured after instructional package was significant (P < 0.05). There were association of knowledge with age, department, and qualification and for practices association found with age and qualification, respectively. Conclusion: Instructional package was effective measured to improve knowledge and practices regarding care of the patients with intercoastal drainage among staff nurses in selected hospitals.


PURPOSE: An apparatus for producing hard bean curd permitting achieving, steaming and cooling of a bean curd material within a short time by uniform heating and cooling of a steaming tank and cooling tank is provided which can absolutely suppress thermal denaturation and browning of hard bean curd by an excess of steaming and cooling for a long period time, thereby obtaining high quality hard bean curd. CONSTITUTION: General hard bean curd containing raw soybean powder and soft water in a ratio of 1:4.5 to 7 is steamed at 95 to 105deg.C for 5 to 10min in a steaming tank, or a soft hard bean cured containing raw soybean powder and soft water in a ratio of 1:8 to 9 is steamed at 85 to 105deg.C for 3 to 5min in the steaming tank. Thereafter, soybean milk is cooled at a speed of 5deg.C/min in a cooling tank. The steaming tank(300) containing an inner pipe(301) and an outer pipe(302) having an insulating material(303) is attached with a steam inlet(310) and a steam outlet(320). The cooling tank containing an inner pipe and an outer pipe having an insulating material is attached with a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe.


The overwhelming majority of the literature on stochastic planning involves problems that exhibit exogenous uncertainty. In such problems the optimal decisions and the process of uncertainty resolution are independent, with the latter taking place solely with the passage of time. In this paper a novel stochastic planning formulation is proposed that can capture endogenous sources of uncertainty, whose resolution requires actions to be taken by the planner and takes place gradually as a function of optimal investment decisions spread out over a number of epochs. Benders decomposition is shown to apply to such problems thereby relieving the computational burden and leading to superior solution times. A case study involving endogenous sources of uncertainty around technoeconomical attributes of storage technology illustrates the way by which endogenous uncertainty resolves and underlines the importance of early investments in storage technology in order to achieve minimum total expected cost.


The concept of pLace may be approached and theorized through the idea of placing oneself at a location, in order not only to be there, but to mediate the spatial circumstances and the self-place interaction as such. This paper reviews fmdings on the thematic of placeconstruction and self-placing as results of a mediating act performed in art context. As a generative part of a practicebased research project, an installation was realized at an art gallery, which influenced the writing of a dissertation on the thematic of place and self-placing.


Abstract:
Purpose: The aim of the work is to study the physical preparednes and functional condition of 7-10 year-old
children's with different level of physical health organism while tested by the running ergometer. Material: The
following methods were used to solve the tasks: anthropometry, standard method, tonometry, dynamometry,
functional tests of the cardiopulmonary system, method of physical health assessment. The assessment of the
efficiency and respiratory and cardiovascular responses was carried out using methods of ergometry, gas
analysis, spirometry, pulsometry and timekeeping. Results: Most of the surveyed 7-10 year-old schoolchildren
had a low or below average level of physical health, amongthem disharmonically developed children prevailed.
The level of physical preparedness on the basis of the results of running and strength tests is better in children
with average and upper average levels of physical health compared with children with low and below average
physical health. In schoolchildren with average and upper average levels of physical health, fewer heart rate
abnormalities were observed in rest, during tested by the running ergometer, and they were more likely to be
restored comparing to children with low or below average levels of physical health. According to the results of
the '500m run' and '600m run' tests, it is possible to characterize the level of functioning the organism's
cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as evidenced by the significant correlation coefficients between the test
results and the parameters of pulmonary ventilation, respiratory volume, respiratory rate, heart rate reductions,
the level of oxygen consumption at different load levels when tested by the running ergometer. Conclusions:
The peculiarities of functional condition and manifestation of motor qualities in junior schoolchildren's with
different levels of physical health are revealed.


The pathophysiologic hallmark of sickle cell disease is episodic occurrence of vasoocclusive events that precipitate acute painful episodes and lead, ultimately, to organ failure and death. Based upon studies from multiple laboratories over the last two decades, it is widely believed now that a key participant in this process may be the sickle erythrocyte's predilection for adhesiveness to endothelium. Initial studies of this abnormal cell–cell interaction were stimulated by skepticism regarding the extant dogma that ascribed sickle vasoocclusion solely to deoxygenation-induced polymerization of the mutant hemoglobin and resultant cell sickling. In fact, emerging data were revealing that the time required for the development of cell sickling is, for most red cells, actually longer than the microvascular transit time. Thus, anything serving to delay microvascular passage of red cells might allow sickling to occur, and thereby would be a critical participant in evolution of oc-clusive manifestations. Hence, consideration was given to the possibility that abnormal adhesion of sickle red cells to endothelium might be such a factor (1, 2). Ensuing studies have pro-vided convincing support for this notion (3), with the caveat that definitive proof of the pathophysiologic importance of this cell–cell interaction in the human model, per se, has not yet been obtained (or sought). The interaction of sickle red cells with endothelial cells has been studied in a great variety of experimental systems using various suspending (serum, buff-ers) and a variety vessel that allows complete ( D ) or partial ( E ) circumferential contact, the forces promoting detachment can be countered by development of multiple contacts, even if they individually are of much lower affinity than that required to allow attachment via a single point. In the case of complete circumferential contact ( D ), the effect of peeling torque is lost as well. This highly simplified model can be greatly complicated by inclusion of a wide variety of parame-ters relevant to real physiology, but this does not materially change the basic conclusions illustrated here.


The Republic of Korea has enjoyed considerable economic development in the last twenty years. Until recently, however, political development has lagged. The Korean military has played a series of important, if often unpopular, roles in these two areas: as the holder of a veto in the political background, as a guardian against internal and external threats, as a promoter of social mobility and economic development and as a political institution builder. However, as Korea has become an increasingly complex and economically developed society, the military and the political systems have faced the difficult task of defining a new role- a role that permits continued movement from authoritarianism and yet enables the military to safeguard the society from lingering threats. Indeed, a new conception of civil-military relations is being developed in Korea, but the common challenge first noted by Samuel P. Huntington (namely that the military institutions of any society are shaped by two forces: a functional imperative stemming from the threats to the society's security and a societal imperative arising from the social forces, ideologies, and institutions dominant within the society) remains.


This article outlines the areas of concern in the evaluation and treatment or sports related concussion and the role of speech. I anguage pathologists (SLPsl in the management of this diagnosis. The specific diagnostic criteria for concussion are an area of ongoing controversy relative to differentiation from mild traumatic brain injulY (ml'BI). Assess· ment haf! evolved from simple paper and pencil tasks and ad hllC sideline examinations to comput.er-based assessment in the office and on the sideline. Treatment protocols are evolving, showing a clear change from traditional models of selvice delivery in mTBI to one in which the individual with a concussion is asked to limit both physical and cogni tive stimulation. This period of reduced stimulation varies, depending on the severity of t.he injury and the rate of recovery. Sl.Ps can play an important role in the prevention and management of concussion.


Researchers have extensively explored the conditions determining happiness and the quality of life of children in the educational setting since the educational system does not meet the needs of a contemporary child. The purpose of this study is to reflect on the view of happiness of a child by various stakeholders. This qualitative study explores the following indicators of happiness: Belonging, Aspiration, Safety, Identity, Success. The current research comprises 167 teachers (n=167), 296 parents (n=296) who took part in this research and the understanding of happiness as evaluated by pupils themselves. The main research question asked if children feel happy in their educational setting. The majority of parents concluded that the basics of happiness is security and achievements, followed by the sense of belonging. Pupils pointed to belonging as a bases of happiness and self-esteem. They commented that achievements are meaningful only when parents and teachers are satisfied with their achievement. Pupils admitted that bases of their happiness is belonging to a group. It was concluded that teachers believe that the essential condition for happiness is achievement gained at work, followed by such aspects as belonging, safety, and ability to evaluate oneself. Different groups of respondents have different notions about happiness. Parents and teachers create an environment where children compete, gain success and pretend to be happy. © 2017 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK Keywords:
  Happiness, secure environment, well-being, belonging, safety. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.02.29 http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.01.02.29 Corresponding Author: Irena Kokina Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of the conference eISSN: 2357-1330


Media streaming over wireless links is a challenging problem due to both the unreliable, time-varying nature of the wireless channel and the stringent delivery requirements of media traffic. In this paper, we use joint control of packet scheduling at the transmitter and content-aware playout at the receiver, so as to maximize the quality of media streaming over a wireless link. Our contributions are twofold. First, we formulate and study the problem of joint scheduling and playout control within a dynamic programming framework. Second, we propose a novel content-aware playout control, that takes into account the content of a video sequence, and in particular the motion characteristics of different scenes. We find that the joint scheduling and playout control can significantly improve the quality of the received video, at the expense of only a small amount of playout slowdown. Furthermore, thanks to the content-aware playout, the slowdown takes place mainly in the low-motion scenes, where its perceived effect is limited


Based on the MIMO radar system with single frequency signals,the mathematical models of micro-Doppler effect induced by rotation and vibration parts of target are established.Compared to the traditional monostatic radar system,the amplitude and initial phase of micro-Doppler curves induced by rotation vary with different selections of observing transmitting/receiving radar pairs.In case of vibration,only the amplitude of micro-Doppler curves varies,the initial phase keeps the same value.The simulation results validate the theoretical conclusions,which provide theoretic support for micro-motion feature extraction and target recognition in MIMO radar system.


Shaft is an important component part of the machine.The traditional measuring method is not only time-consuming but also low precision.It can't meet the production requirements.Taking slender shaft as example,the online testing system's working principle,key technologies and system framework were introduced.


Theorems of the value distribution of the sums of Abelian Group's characters and short exponentail triginimetric sums are proved in this article. Asymptotic formulas of these sums' fractional moments are proved


The letter shows how a wrong methodology and casual approach can inordinately distort bibliometric indicators. Opines that most bibliometric articles emanating from our country are articles of least effort. Such articles are not based on comprehensive data, as such results of the analysis are likely to be fraught with errors. Publication of such articles needs to be curbed.


The purpose of this article is to reflect on the successes and failures confronting the Greater Giyani Municipality in terms of service delivery through the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP) implemented in Muyexe community, Limpopo Province (South Africa). The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996) defines service delivery as the provision of sustainable services by the municipality to communities. Post-apartheid South African municipalities are still confronted with service delivery backlogs, 20 years in to the democratic dispensation. The recipients of municipal services continue to be frustrated by the poor quality and the frequency in which services are delivered to them by the municipality. This provision of goods and services denotes that particular functions must be performed by the municipality. CRDP has emerged from the first two pilot engagements in Riemvasmaak in the Northern Cape, and Muyexe in Giyani in Limpopo Province as part of presidential designated projects. This paper is an empirical study that followed both the qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The data collection instruments used for this study are open-ended questionnaires, unstructured interviews and a number of site visits. The paper argues that the CRDP has inadequately satisfied the intended objectives in the Muyexe Pilot Project. Intended beneficiaries of the programme from the Muyexe community exposed many of the failures of the programme by frustrations about the programme implemented in their community. In concluding this article provide recommendations on how future similar programmes implemented elsewhere at South African municipalities can satisfy the objectives they are originally intended for. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p132


This paper discusses the nature of diagnosis as a quest for truth and its application in two different contexts, namely, psychotherapeutic relationships and non-psychotherapeutic interpersonal conflicts. Using Ken Wilber's four quadrant approach to truth, the validity claims of four truth dimensions - subjective and objective as well as individual and collective dimensions - are discussed first in regard to the psychotherapeutic relationship. Different modes of the therapeutic relationship are described, based on the work of Martha Stark and Petruska Clarkson. The article shows how truth is understood very differently in these various modes, thus confirming and elaborating on Wilber's claims. While the overall purpose of diagnosis in a psychotherapeutic context is care, its painful purpose within other relationships is usually to disqualify an opponent. In the second part of the article, two fallacies of truth and some political functions of a publicly suggested diagnosis are described. Diagnosis can even...


The abstract for your paper is included below. This will appear online only. The biography of the Anglo-Saxon bishop Wilfrid (d. 710) has always been prized as a rare window onto the 'real world' of the seventh- and eighth-century Church. It offers us stories of bishops arranging bribes in monastic treasuries, describes factional infighting among churchmen, and imagines ecclesiastical leaders as rulers of 'kingdoms of churches'. Its tone is so unlike that of other contemporary writings that its testimony, partisan though it may be, has always seemed a valuable corrective to the more idealised character of our other major sources. This article argues that in our enthusiasm to use the Life of St Wilfrid in this way, we have misunderstood the uses for which the text was originally written. Through a re-examination of the Life's account of Wilfrid's final years, it reconsiders the motives of the text's patrons: Tatberht, abbot of Ripon, and Acca, bishop of Hexham. The two men played an active role in the text's creation, and a great deal of the Life rests on the acceptance of secretive events to which only they could testify. Those events, in turn, underpinned their own claims to be the designated heirs of the recently deceased Bishop Wilfrid. The Life's defensively partisan tone has typically been understood as the product of a beleaguered 'Wilfridian' faction anticipating criticism from outside opponents. This article argues instead that it reflects a moment of profound disunity within the 'Wilfridians' themselves, and reveals the strategies by which ambitious ecclesiastics might sometimes seek to gain and secure their positions.


Much of the literature on the structures of modules applies to those modules which possess a finite basis. The present paper is the development of a structure theory for particular infinite modules with countable bases. Generality of results is not as much the aim of the paper as is the application to problems concerning infinite matrices. For a commutative field P, Z is assumed to be a universal P-module which has a countable P-basis. A principal ideal ring Q which contains P is considered as an operator domain of S. Then the main topic studied is under what conditions submodules of Z have proper Q-bases. In the first place,, a complete characterization is given for the proper Q-bases of any Q-submodule of S. This is represented as an infinite matrix, and is called the characteristic matrix of the submodule. The finite case is studied in the third section. The results obtained are comparable with those of Ingraham and Wolf [3](1) and Chevalley [1]. The principal theorem is that every Q-module which possesses a finite Q-basis has a proper Q-basis. The concepts of primitivity-defined somewhat as Chevalley defines itand index play an important role in determining conditions for a Q-module to have a proper Q-basis. In order to find these conditions, the non-regular elements H of : are split from S. The resulting Q-module Z/H is regular. Then necessary and sufficient conditions are found for both H and Z/H to have a proper Q-basis. If the operator domain of Z be considered as Q/(m), m not a unit of Q, then in the fifth section it is seen that Z possesses a proper Q/(m)-basis. As an application of these results, Z is taken to be the set of all vectors over P of order type X which are finitely nonzero. The total operator domain of Z is a certain ring of infinite matrices, WV. Then any element A of YW, can be transformed into a direct sum of finite matrices only if Z has a proper P [A ]-basis. The algebraic theory assumed herein can be found in almost any book on modern algebra-specific attention is called to MacDuffee [4] and Zassenhaus [5 ].


Scout education in Indonesia is an important aspect of national education and is part of the history of Indonesia's struggle. In its development, scouting education has begun to be less attractive and is considered a monotonous activity and what is learned is only that. Whereas behind the simplicity of scouting education, scouting activities can be observed seriously and will develop all the potential that has been bestowed by Allah to humans related to Islamic religious values ??contained in the basic principles of scouting. The purpose of this research is to describe the cultivation of Islamic religious values ??through scout extracurricular activities at SMP PGRI Jogoroto. Supporting and inhibiting factors for planting Islamic religious values ??through scout extracurricular activities at SMP PGRI Jogoroto. This type of research includes field research using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis using data reduction, data display and verification. Furthermore, the data validity test technique is through participation extension, observation persistence, and triangulation. The result of this research is the method of planting Islamic religious values, namely the method of advising, the method of letting go, and the method of modeling. The material for planting Islamic religious values ??is the values ??of faith and moral values. Supporting factors: psychological factors in the form of student motivation, social environmental factors, learning approach factors. Inhibiting factors, namely the lack of parental education for children, a less supportive environment, and differences in student IQ.


This invention relates to a two-way real-time authentication digital TV condition receive system characterizing that a CA access server is connected with an IP module in a user end set-top box composed of an IP module, DVB module and a de-perturbing device in the digital TV front system by IP network, the IP module is connected with the PVB module in the user end set-top-box, DVB module is connected with the de-perturbing device of the set-top-box connected with the hybrid phasing in said front system by HFC network.


With the technological innovation of heavy duty diesel engine,it requires increasing performance of lubricating oil,especially soot- dispersancy.This paper summarizes the necessity of improving the soot dispersancy of lubricating oil,bench test methods associated with soot-dispersancy under the diesel engine oil specifications,describes the soot formation and the effects of soot on the performance of diesel engine oil.Besides,a way to solve the problem of the oil viscosity increase and wear caused by soot is proposed from the aspects of ashless dispersant,viscosity index improver and antioxidant respectively.


Apparatus (2) for generating or receiving electromagnetic radiation in a frequency range of 10 GHz to 100 THz, with a housing leading (24) and an in the housing (24) optical fiber (4) for directing the pulsed light having a first central wavelength λ1 wherein in the housing (24) is provided a terahertz converter (18) for generating or receiving the electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of 10 GHz to 100 THz, and wherein in the housing (24) between the end (10) of the optical fiber (4) and the terahertz-converter (18) a frequency converter (16) for converting the frequency of the optical fiber (4) leaving the light to a second center wavelength λ2 so is disposed so that the terahertz converter (18) is acted upon by the frequency-converted light, characterized, that the terahertz converter (18) relative to the housing (24) is rotatable about the optical axis (19) of the biasing it light.


Summary Multi-point geostatistical inversion can easily integrate different types of geophysical data. This paper presents a novel inversion method that combines facies classification and multi-point geostatistics. Bayesian classification is developed for facies classification. And then the probability map of each facies derived from classification can be integrated in multi-point geostatistics inversion as soft information to reduce the number of iterations. Snesim algorithm is selected as multi-point geostatistical component in the inversion method. The geostatistics result is used to update the prior model in facies classification, and so forth. This inversion method can reduce the number of iterations and increase the accuracy of facies identification. The method was tested on a synthetic model and the results demonstrated the validity of the proposed inversion technique.


We study the optimization of a neutrino factory with respect to nonstandard neutral current neutrino interactions, and compare the results to those obtained without nonstandard interactions. We discuss the muon energy, baselines, and oscillation channels as degrees of freedom. Our conclusions are based on both analytical calculations and on a full numerical simulation of the neutrino factory setup proposed by the international design study (IDS-NF). We consider all possible nonstandard parameters, and include their complex phases. We identify the impact of the different parameters on the golden, silver, and disappearance channels. We come to the conclusion that, even in the presence of nonstandard interactions, the performance of the neutrino factory hardly profits from a silver channel detector, unless the muon energy is significantly increased compared to the IDS-NF setup. Apart from the dispensable silver channel detector, we demonstrate that the IDS-NF setup is close to optimal even if nonstandard interactions are considered. We find that one very long baseline is a key component in the search for nonstandard interactions, in particular, for |{epsilon}{sub {mu}}{sub {tau}}{sup m}| and |{epsilon}{sub {tau}}{sub {tau}}{sup m}|.


BACK GROUND: Fever is a common manifestation of illness that is not surprising to find accurate description of the febrile patients in early recorded history. Through thrombocytopenia is encountered in various diseases, it is fortunate that potentially fatal bleeding due to thrombocytopenia is rare. Platelets play a important role in normal haemostatis and also in thrombosis. The common causes of fever with thrombocytopenia are infections like dengue, leptospirosis, malaria, typhoid, military TB, HIV, septicaemia. Early diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition and platelet transfusions are required to prevent fatal outcomes. Hence there is a need for the study to know the clinical profile and complications of fever with thrombocytopenia in the local regions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical profile of patients with fever and thrombocytopenia, attending the Govt. General Hospital, Kurnool. METHODS :100 patients presenting with fever and thrombocytopenia were taken up for study. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients presenting with fever of >38°C and thrombocytopenia that is a platelet count of <1 lakh. EXCLUSIVE CRITERIA: Patients aged <18 years without fever and thrombocytopenia; Inherited causes for thrombocytopenia; HIV infection; Cirrhosis of liver; Leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes. The diagnostic work up of patients with fever and thrombocytopenia should include a battery of investigations including biochemical tests; haemograms; peripheral smear etc. RESULTS: Male to female ratio in the present study was 3:1. The patients age ranged from 18-80 yrs. The maximum occurrence of fever with thrombocytopenia was in the 3rd decade (32%) followed by 4th decade (28%) and 5th 17% respectively in the present study. Dengue fever was the commonest aetiology (47%), followed by viral fever (29), Malaria (13%), Typhoid (6%), Sepsis (4%), Leptospirosis (1%) in the present study. The duration of fever in 92% of cases was < 10 days in the present study. Petechiae and conjunctival haemorrhage was found in 20% of patients, 50% had abnormal bilirubin levels, 5.88% had abnormal SGOT and 6.25% had abnormal SGPT in patients with dengue fever in present study. In patients with viral fever 61.54% had abnormal bilirubin levels, 15.38% had abnormal SGOT leve3ls and 40% had abnormal SGPT levels. In patients with malaria 75% had abnormal bilirubin levels, 66.67% had abnormal SGOT and SGPT levels, In patient with typhoid 50% had abnormal bilirubin levels, 66.67% had elevation of both SGOT and SGPT levels. CONCLUSION :All febrile illness patients should be investigated for platelet count irrespective of bleeding manifestation or not. Strong probability of dengue fever or other common causes like viral fever, malaria and leptospirosis should be kept in mind in any case of fever and manifestation and could be of bad prognosis if not treated with platelet transfusion early.


Telecom operators generate complex business systems to meet different needs of users, which causes difficulties for users to obtain relevant information. To address this problem, this paper proposes a KGQA method for complex queries in the telecom operator domain, which semantically understands the input query, converts the multi-constraint problem into a multi-constraint query graph, and thus obtains structured query statements. In the process of constraint binding, the beam search mechanism is used to effectively reduce the search space of relations and entities and improve the parsing efficiency. Finally, the model uses reinforcement learning based optimization to maximize the expected payoff in the absence of inference path annotations. Experiments on real dataset shows, compared with existing methods, the method proposed in this paper has better performance.


SUMMARY: The brain illustrations of Vesalius and Willis were the first in anatomic history with pictorial accuracy. Their illustrations, illustrators, and methods are discussed. Woodcut blocks were used for the prints of figures in the Vesalian anatomy. Figures of the brain appear to be done after external fixation in the work of Willis.


Narrative inquiry is a branch of interpre- tative research. It is the latest arrival in the main- stream of the interpretative family of research in humanities and particularly in educational sciences. However, its widespread use has been associated with considerable conceptual confusion. This paper examines the concept, nature and development of the narrative method in educational research. This research technique is also critically examined as an approach for qualitative research. This paper outlines a number of methodological issues re- garding the narrative inquiry that needs careful con- siderations. The concepts and principals discus- sed here encourage the researchers to interpret the outcomes of studies using this method with more caution and suggest the needs for under- taking theoretical issues relating to narrative research methodology.


Based on 174 specimens, using morphometric, meristic and osteological characters, we describe a new species: Bryconamericus macarenae from the Güejar River in La Macarena mountain range, Orinoco Basin, Colombia. It differs from congeners in having: an incomplete lateral line (vs. complete lateral line in all except B. delta) and fewer and less conspicuous perforations in the latero-sensorial canal of the extrascapular bone (vs. conspicuous latero-sensorial canal perforation). It has four or fewer unbranched anal-fin rays (vs. five or more unbranched anal-fin rays), a short, thickened extrascapular bone without projections from the posterior margin, or with only a reduced apophysis (vs. extrascapular long, irregular, bony projections on its margins, and with a large undulated apophysis on its posterior margin). It also differs in live coloration. A key of species of Bryconamericus known from the Orinoco Basin and the Catatumbo River is included.


In this paper the design of a chip-set for QoS provisioning in ATM-based Passive Optical Networks is discussed. The implementation of a general-purpose switch chip on the Optical Network Unit is presented, with focus on the design of the cell scheduling and buffer management logic. The cell scheduling logic supports `colored' grants, priority jumping and weighted round-robin scheduling. The switch chip offers powerful buffer management capabilities enabling the efficient support of GFR and UBR services. Multicast forwarding is also supported. In addition, the architecture of a MAC controller chip developed for a SuperPON access network is introduced. In particular, the permit scheduling logic and its implementation on the Optical Line Termination will be discussed. The chip-set enables the efficient support of services with different service requirements on the SuperPON. The permit scheduling logic built into the MAC controller chip in combination with the cell scheduling and buffer management capabilities of the switch chip can be used by network operators to offer guaranteed service performance to delay sensitive services, and to efficiently and fairly distribute any spare capacity to delay insensitive services.


As Moore's law and Dennard scaling come to an end, new devices and computing architectures are being explored. The development of computing hardware designed specifically for machine learning has prompted explorations into both. While silicon photonics is typically viewed as a communications platform, it can serve as a particularly attractive computing platform for specific kinds of problems, including machine learning. Here, we will discuss our work towards realizing photonic matrix processors.


This paper attempts to derive effective performance-reward strategies for SMEs, which is one of the primary concerns raised by SME CEOs. This paper...


A characterization of the bivariate exponential distribution of Proshan-Sullo is derived,using this characterization,the maximum likelihood estimators and the moment estimators of parameters of the Proshan-Sullo type's bivariate exponential distribution are obtained,and the estimator of reliability for parallel structural system with strength having the Proshan-Sullo type's bivariate exponential distribution is given,Some simulation results are also given.


The statistical side information of interference channels is exploited in this paper to derive a novel uncoordinated on-line pilot design strategy for opportunistic communications. Assuming a time division duplex (TDD), or frequency division duplex (FDD) with feedback, wireless network and reciprocity, we prove that the space-frequency pilot design technique in terms of minimum cross-interference to external-network users reduces to a classical minimum-norm problem. The advantages of this novel methodology are time-domain invariance to noise-subspace rotations, a maximally flat angle-frequency response, and robustness in front of frequency calibration errors. Simulation results are reported to assess the performance of the proposed strategy and the advantages of its low-resolution quantization in low signal-to-noise ratio (low-SNR) regimes.


Assuming human image classification decisions are based on estimating the degree of match between a small number of stored internal templates and certain regions of the input images, we present an algorithm which infers observers classification templates from their classification decisions on a set of test images. The problem is formulated as learning prototypes from labeled data under an adjustable, prototype-specific elliptical metric. The matrix of the elliptical metric indicates the pixels that the template responds to. The model was applied to human psychophysical data collected in a simple image classification experiment.


This research based on communication pattern between parents with
addictive online gaming phenomenon. Communication pattern itself is a simple
imaging of a communication process with the another components. Mostly
parents consider that with the children play online gaming will cause a negative
effect because of the addiction, but there's some who consider that with the
children play online gaming is exactly motivates their children on their studying.
The truth is so many online gaming places to rent which exactly the most users
are elementary school-aged. Communication pattern is needed to analyze the
imaging of communication that occurs between parents and the children that plays
online gaming.
Communication patterns which used as a reference for analyzing are
authoritarian communication pattern, permissive, and authoritative. These three
communication patterns have their own characteristic differences as how the
parents educate their children.
The method which is used on this research is qualitative descriptive with
an in-depth interview to collect all the datas which are needed on this research.
The results of this research is achieved from the in-depth interview records
with each informans. It shows that each of every parents have their own way to
educate their children especially on playing. Gained from each five informans,
two of them are authoritarily behave, one of them is permissive (set free), and two
of them are authoritative behavior which inclinely demoratic whith their children.
Keywords : Communication pattern, online gaming player.


Turbo coding is the most commonly used error correcting scheme in wireless systems resulting in maximum Coding gain. The MAP algorithm is a basic algorithm for turbo decoding. In this paper, authors analyze the performance of turbo MAP algorithm in terms of bit error rate (BER), considering different parameters like signal to noise ratio (SNR), generator polynomials and length of generator polynomial on Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. Simulation of Turbo encoder and Turbo MAP decoder is done. BER and processing time are computed for a range of SNR,considering different generator polynomials of same length and also for generator polynomials of different length, keeping the input constant. Simulation results show that BER for all the generator polynomial of same length is not same for a given SNR. Same is the case with processing time. BER for a given SNR decreases as the length of generator polynomial is increased whereas processing time increases with increase in generator polynomial length.


Based on clustering assumption, this paper proposes a novel semi-supervised learning algorithm based on graph, named Density-sensitive Semi-supervised Clustering(DS-SC). The approach introduces a density-sensitive distance measure which reflects the clustering assumption well and fully exploits the competitive inherent structure information among dataset, and combining it with a graph-based semi-supervised learning methods leads to prominent clustering performance enhance of DS-SC. The results demonstrate the superiority of DS-SC in the application of a specific image in the further simulation.


Claspers of four species of freshwater stingrays, which belong to the genera Dasyatis (Dasyatidae), Paratrygon and Potamotrygon (Potamotrygonidae), are examined to reveal differences in the clasper structure among these genera. The relationships of freshwater stingrays are discussed based on our examination of the clasper structures as well as that reported in recent literature for two other genera of freshwater stingrays, Himantura (Dasyatidae) and Plesiotrygon (Potamotrygonidae). It has been known that two major groups of stingrays occur in rivers and lakes in tropical and subtropical regions. The family Potamotrygonidae, one of the two freshwater stingray groups, is restricted to the river systems of tropical South America. This family consists of three genera, Paratrygon, Plesiotrygon and Potamotrygon (Rosa et al., 1987). Some species of the family Dasyatidae are another group of stingrays in the freshwater. Although Hamilton-Buchanan (1822) recorded two species of Raia (most probably Dasyatis) far up in the Ganges River, Trygon(=Dasyatis) ukpam Smith, 1863 in tropical West Africa was the first virtually recorded freshwater Dasyatidae in the world. Since then, the freshwater Dasyatidae has frequently been described by many authors: Dasyatis fluviorum Ogilby (1908) from Australia, Himantura krempfi (Chabanaud, 1923) from Southeast Asia, D. garouaensis (Stauch and Blanc, 1962) from West Africa which was first erroneously assigned to the genus Potamotrygon, H. signifer Campagno and Roberts, 1982, from Southeast Asia and D. laosensis Roberts and Karnasuta, 1987, from Southeast Asia. Although there have been studies concerning the clasper structure of skates, family Rajidae (e.g., Petri, 1878; Jungersen, 1899; Leigh-Sharpe, 1920-26; Ishiyama, 1958; Stehmann, 1970; Hulley, 1972), there were few studies on the clasper structure of stingrays until La Marca (1964) described it for Urolophus jamaicensis. Subsequently, descriptions and terminology for the clasper structure of stingrays were published by Capape and Desoutter (1978, 1979), Compagno and Roberts (1982), Capape (1983) and Rosa et al. (1987). From 1976 to 1985, some members of the Japanese Society for Elasmobranch Studies conducted surveys of the freshwater stingrays in Southeast Asia, South America and West Africa. In those surveys, clasper samples were obtained of three genera of freshwater stingrays, viz., Dasyatis, Paratrygon and Potamotrygon. In this study the clasper structures of those stingrays are described and compared with those of other freshwater stingrays, viz., Himantura signifer Compagno and Roberts, 1982 and Plesiotrygon iwamae Rosa et al., 1987. Materials and methods Specimens used in the present study are: Paratrygon aiereba, adult male, FUMT(Department of Fisheries, University Museum, University of Tokyo)-P 10849, 508mm DW (disc width), collected from the Amazon Basin near Manaus, Brazil, Sept. 9, 1980; Potamotrygon motoro, adult male, FUMT-P10853, 290mm DW, collected near Santa Fe, Dec., 1980; immature male, FUMT-P10846, 275mm DW, collected near Manaus, Sept. 9, 1980; Potamotrygon orbignyi, three adult males, FUMT-P10843, 10844, 10845, 162mm DW, 172mm DW, 180mm DW, collected from Iquitos, May, 1985; Dasyatis garouaensis, adult male, FUMT-P10848, 281mm DW, collected from the Sanaga Basin, Dec. 18, 1985. The clasper skeletons were observed without staining. Nomenclature of the species of the family Potamotrygonidae follows Rosa (1985). Terminology of the clasper follows Compagno and Roberts (1982) and Rosa et al. (1987) with the following exceptions: the dorsal terminal of Compagno and Roberts (1982) and dorsal terminal 1 of Rosa et al. (1987) are here designated as dorsal terminal 2 be-


Abstract : Computational Complexity Analysis is a very powerful tool for use in designing algorithms. Unfortunately, the analysis can sometimes be misleading for the range of input with which the algorithm will actually be used. The aim of this paper is to first give an overview of what computational complexity is, and how to analyse it, and to then explain what parts of complexity analysis can cause confusion, and how to avoid these mistakes. The paper also seeks to investigate ways of solving problems faster by sacrificing certain operating requirements.


Linen and soybean protein fibre fabric is a new product.It not only has the moisture transportation and bacterial inhibition of flax fibre,but also has the health-care and comfort properties of soybean protein fibre.Key steps including the singeing,desizing,bleaching,dyeing,soaping,softening and preshrinking are optimized,and the matters for attention are pointed out.


The invention provides an alloy system, a heat treatment method for a Bainite steel rail of the alloy system and the Bainite steel rail. The alloy system comprises, by mass, 0.22-0.27% of C, 1.65-1.85% of Si, 1.60-1.80% of Mn, 1.30-1.90% of Cr, 0.25-0.85% of Mo, 0.25-0.95% of Ni, 0.040-0.060% of V or 0.020-0.040% of Nb, 0.015% or less of P, 0.015% or less of S, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The impurity elements are strictly controlled according to the standards that (1) gas content: molten steel [H]<=2.0 ppm, casting blanks [H]<=1.5 ppm, [O]<=25 ppm, and [N]<=70 ppm; and (2) residual elements: Al<=0.006%, Cu<=0.15%, Sn<=0.010%, and Sb<=0.010%. The heat treatment method has the production characteristics that refining of austenite structures as well as segregation and unevenness of elements and microstructures are effectively controlled, so that fine and even lower Bainite structures are obtained easily after the cooling phase change, it is guaranteed that phase change of the lower Bainite structures of the steel rail occurs completely through effective control, and accordingly the Bainite steel rail high in performance is obtained.


On the basis of operational principle of bladed fluid machines,a wicket-gate-free axial-flow water-power recoverer was researched and developed.In order to optimize the structure,ensure the performances and increase the efficiency of the water-power recoverer,a 3-dimensional viscous numerical simulation of the complex turbulent flow field inside the spiral casing was carried out with CFD technique for replacing the model test and saving the period of RD process.With the help of numeric simulation of flow field in this recoverer by using CFD and visual analysis of the flow field,it was shown that the hydraulic performance of the spiral casing with circular cross-section would be superior to the one with rectangular cross-section in respect of inflow uniformity and velocity circulation generated,providing a basis for structure optimization design of the inducer components of the water-power recoverer.


Working along the lines of a procedure outlined by Keller, a technique is developed for deriving closed first‐ and second‐order moment equations for a general class of stochastic nonlinear equations by performing a renormalization at the level of the second moment. The work of Weinstock, as reformulated recently by Balescu and Misguich, is extended in order to obtain two equivalent representations for the second moment using an exact, nonperturbative, statistical approach. These general results, when specialized to the weak‐coupling limit, lead to a complete set of closed equations for the first two moments within the framework of an approximation corresponding to Kraichnan's direct‐interaction approximation. Additional restrictions result in a self‐consistent set of equations for the first two moments in the stochastic quasilinear approximation. Finally, the technique is illustrated by considering its application to two specific physical problems: (1) model hydrodynamic turbulence and (2) Vlasov‐plasma t...


Adolescence is a critical period of neurodevelopment for stress and appetitive processing, as well as a time of increased vulnerability to stress and engagement in risky behaviors. This study was conducted to examine brain activation patterns during stress and favorite‐food‐cue experiences relative to a neutral‐relaxing condition in adolescents. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed using individualized script‐driven guided imagery to compare brain responses with such experiences in 43 adolescents. Main effects of condition and gender were found, without a significant gender‐by‐condition interaction. Stress imagery, relative to neutral, was associated with activation in the caudate, thalamus, left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus, midbrain, left superior/middle temporal gyrus, and right posterior cerebellum. Appetitive imagery of favorite food was associated with caudate, thalamus, and midbrain activation compared with the neutral‐relaxing condition. To understand neural correlates of anxiety and craving, subjective (self‐reported) measures of stress‐induced anxiety and favorite‐food‐cue‐induced craving were correlated with brain activity during stress and appetitive food‐cue conditions, respectively. High self‐reported stress‐induced anxiety was associated with hypoactivity in the striatum, thalamus, hippocampus, and midbrain. Self‐reported favorite‐food‐cue‐induced craving was associated with blunted activity in cortical‐striatal regions, including the right dorsal and ventral striatum, medial prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, and left anterior cingulate cortex. These findings in adolescents indicate the activation of predominantly subcortical‐striatal regions in the processing of stressful and appetitive experiences and link hypoactive striatal circuits to self‐reported stress‐induced anxiety and cue‐induced favorite‐food craving. Hum Brain Mapp 34:2561–2573, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Thinly laminated siltstone
and sandy siltstone are major components of the Upper Permian Brushy Canyon
Formation, west Texas and south New Mexico. These rocks have been variously
interpreted as the deposits of low-density turbidity currents or as windblown
sediment deposited over water. Nevertheless, all models agreed that this
lithology was deposited without subsequent reworking by bottom currents or
burrowing organisms. These siltstones, thus, are ideal test units for quantitatively
estimating hydraulic properties of the flows that formed them. In particular,
the Zr/Ti ratio was tested as a geochemical proxy for flow size and transport
distance. In situ geochemical abundance and grain size
of particles with contrasting susceptibility to erosion—Zr- and Ti-rich
particles—were mapped and measured by X-ray fluorescence analytical microscopy,
μXRF. Lamination thickness was measured from Fe fluorescence intensity, which
increased sharply at the top of each layer. Within the same sample, zircon
grains were systematically finer than rutilated quartz grains. Zr/Ti
fluorescence ratio positively correlated with lamination thickness, not
particle sizes. In other words, Zr/Ti fluorescence ratio fluctuations resulted
from variations in mineral abundance. Therefore, variations of Zr/Ti
fluorescence ratio in these siltstones are likely caused by fluctuations in the
intensity of erosional events rather than transport distance. High Zr/Ti ratios
and thick laminations reflect periods of enhanced erosion. The average wind
velocity during typical events was estimated to be at least 150 km?hr?1,
or the equivalent of a Category 1 hurricane. The method used here could be
applied to both outcrop and subsurface strata correlation.


The math/science pipeline in public schooling is best described as a phenomenon in which, beginning in late middle/junior high school, the number of female students, students with lower socioeconomic status, and students of color in proportion to White male students in advanced math and science progressively shrinks during high school. This article shares the findings from a survey of high school students undertaken to determine the degree to which the nationally recognized pipeline phenomenon exists in five southwestern high schools. Through this study, the authors document a local instance of a national phenomenon. This is especially important in order to address some public school educators' perceptions that the national pipeline phenomenon somehow does not apply to their own schools. Thus, in this article, the authors aim to identify patterns of inequality that might exist in order to create a foundation from which to explore educational inequality more deeply.


The internal compressive stress as large as 10 GPa has been the major stumbling block for preparation of relatively thick superhard tetrahedral amorphous carbon (Ta-C) films. We have successfully deposited Ta-C films as thick as 1000 nm by mechanical doping to reduce and alleviate the level of internal compressive stresses. In this paper, we reported the preparation of functionally graded Ta-C coatings by pulsed laser deposition. The thickness of the Ta-C films with significantly improved adhesion was measured to be up to 1500 nm. The concentration of foreign atoms such as silver, copper, silicon and titanium was decreased away from the coating/substrate interface, and the surface layer was pure Ta-C. Nanoindentation measurements were performed on the coatings. Nanohardness as high as 65 GPa and Young's modulus as large as 600 GPa were obtained for the functionally graded Ta-C films. Micro-Raman measurements and microstructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy was carried out to acquire information about the bonding environment and atomic structure of the coatings as a function of foreign atoms. The results were discussed in combination with theoretical models associated with the prediction of elastic properties of amorphous carbon networks.


The purpose of this study was to examine associations of pretreatment serum carotenoids, tocopherols, and quercetin with prognosis in 154 patients newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer.


Benign vulvar growths are rare. Initially these growths remain small and asymtomatic. Due to social stigma, young women in this stage often prefer to conceal the pathology. With considerable growth, apart from physical complaints, they might cause psychological problems of the subjects and even social withdrawal. Urgent detection and subsequent removal of the growth along with counselling is warranted to improve the patient's self-esteem.


(Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2003;11:187) Transesophageal echocardiography showed a giant left atrial myxoma (Figure 1A) similar to the head of Mickey Mouse (Figure 1B) in a 55-year-old woman admitted to our institution with palpitations and fatigue when walking. The patient was successfully operated upon by right transatrial and transseptal access and the tumor with two lobes like Mickey's ears was removed (Figure 2). Figure 1A. A B


Five quantitative traits of Pinus tabulaeformis were of significant difference,with variance component difference also in family,reaching 53%~78%.The difference among DBH,timber volume,seed yield and stem straightness are at significant level.Timber volume and DBH are of close genetic relationship.


From a particularly simple solution of the Ernst equation, we build a solution of the vacuum stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations depending on three parameters. The parameters are associated to the total mass of the source and its angular momentum. The third parameter produces a topological deformation of the ergosphere making it a two-sheet surface, and for some of its values forbids the Penrose process. e-mail: email@example.com e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


It is expected that the problem of the elderly will affect various factors in the situation of entering the aging society quickly. In order to adapt to social change and maintain a happy life, it is urgent to understand the factors that affect the lives of the elderly. The results of this study are as follows. First, the elderly who have psychological difficulties in the aging society are more likely to apply positive psychology to the elderly. In this study, we conducted 14 sessions of 120 minutes each week for the positive psychological program through cinema-therapy in 13 out of 60 or more people using community welfare center, and verified the effect on self-efficacy, self-esteem, and optimism improvement. As a result of this study, positive psychological program through cinema-therapy had a statistically significant effect on the self-esteem, self-efficacy and optimism of the elderly in the community. Therefore, it is necessary to Received(July 7, 2018), Review Result(July 27, 2018), Accepted(August 10, 2018), Published(October 31, 2018) (Adjunct Professor) Dept. Social Welfare, Daejeon Univ., 62 Daehak-ro, Don-gu, Daejeon, Korea email: email@example.com (Adjunct Professor, Corresponding Author) 34520 Dept. Living Culture and Consumer Science, Sungshin Women's Univ., 55 Dobong-ro 76ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea email: email@example.com The effect of program through movie media on self-esteem, self-efficacy and optimism Copyright c 2018 HSST 724 develop and actively utilize various programs based on cinema-therapy to enhance the positive psychological resources of the elderly.


Title Early development of the self-fertilizing mangrove killifish Rivulus marmoratus reared in the laboratory Author(s) Camacho Grageda, Maria Vivian; Sakakura, Yoshitaka; Hagiwara, Atsushi Citation Ichthyological Research, 51(4), pp.309-315; 2004 Issue Date 2004-12 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10069/35710 Right © The Ichthyological Society of Japan; The final publication is available at link.springer.com NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Academic Output SITE


In this paper, we study the game of cops and robber on the class of graphs with no even hole (induced cycle of even length) and claw (a star with three leaves). The cop number of a graph G is defined as the minimum number of cops needed to capture the robber. Here, we prove that the cop number of all claw-free even-hole-free graphs is at most two and, in addition, the capture time is at most 2n rounds, where n is the number of vertices of the graph. Moreover, our results can be viewed as a first step towards studying the structure of claw-free even-hole-free graphs.


I examined the intention and principle of expressions appeared in Geumasbiabua and Chondeungshinhwa in this paper. It was written to understand a...


The structure o f the zona pellucida and the early interactions between human oocytes and spermatozoa were investigated in an in vitro fertilization program. Thirty-five mature (preovulatory) oocytes, 10 immature oocytes lacldng a germinal vesicle, and 11 atretic oocytes which had not undergone fertilization at 10-20 hr after insemination were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Observed through employment o f these techniques, the zona pellucida showed two basically different patterns: a mesh-like, spongy structure having wide and/ or close meshes; and a compact, smooth surface. The smooth-surfaced zona was most commonly seen in the cultured oocytes belonging to the immature and atretic groups . These observa t ions s eem to show that the spongy appearance o f the zona pellucida is related mainly to oocyte deve lopment and maturi ty . In this study, greater numbers o f penetrating spermatozoa were noted on oocytes showing the mesh-like zona, in contrast to the presence o f a f e w sperm f lat tened against its surface or the frank absence o f sperm associated with oocytes having the more compact, smooth zona. It is likely that the condensation o f the outer aspect o f the zona pellucida causes a disorientation o f sperm-binding sites, which would probably result in markedly reduced binding and penetra t ion capacity with spermatozoa. These


The harmonic plus noise model (HNM) is widely used for the modeling of audio signals. In this paper, we introduce perceptual frequency masking to the 2-band HNM, developed by Stylianou et al., applied to speech signals. An auditory model is used to recognize inaudible sinusoids, which will be removed from the set of model's parameters in order to reduce the data size for speech coding. The proposed perceptual HNM was applied to a large speech database from TIMIT and HINT and has proved to achieve an important (up to 50% in short term frames) parameters-rate compression, yielding a significant data-rates reduction for the long-term (LT) HNM model. The latter is based on LT trajectory modeling of the Short-Term (ST) HNM parameters. Objective and subjective quality evaluation shows that the perceptual HNM introduces no additional distortion compared to the generic 2-band HNM.