N-dodecyloxymethylene-N-methylpiperidinium (DMMP) and N-dodecyloxy- methylene-N-methylmorpholinium chlorides (DMMM) inhibited seed germination and root growth in poppy, DMMP being more active than DMMM . Similar effects were not produced by N,Ndimethylmorpholinium chloride, a plant growth retardant . It is sug- gested that DMMP and DMMM act by interfering with cell permeability .


The wound healing process and production of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by peritoneal cells of 7-day and 14-day obstructive jaundice (OJ) and sham-operated rats were investigated. In the study the skin wound breaking strength was measured, In addition such histological and biochemical parameters as fibroblast and endothelial cell proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration and hydroxyproline content were evaluated in polyurethane sponge discs implanted subcutaneously into rats. TNF-α production by peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), both spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced was determined by a bioassay. In OJ rats the process of both early as well as late phase of healing was impaired. The breaking strength of skin wound was decreased, the fibroblast and endothelial cell proliferation and collagen deposition, as well as hydroxyproline content were diminished. In 7 day OJ the numbers of inflammatory cells in the implants were lowered with a subsequent slight increase on day 14 of OJ. The spontaneous and LPS induced TNF- α production by PEC were significantly higher in 7 day OJ as compared with sham-operated controls. On day 14 of OJ the LPS-induced TNF-α level was, in contrast, much lower and did not differ much from the spontaneous TNF-α production. We conclude that the impairment of wound healing in OJ results from disturbances in functioning of the immune system caused by systemic endotoxaemia.


Jose Baselga, MD, PhD, and Michael Untch, MD, shared results from the NeoALLTO and GeparQuinto trials, respectively. NeoALLTO is a phase III, randomized, open-label, neoadjuvant study of lapatinib (Tykerb), trastuzumab (Herceptin), and their combination plus paclitaxel in women with HER2-positive primary breast cancer. GeparQuinto (GBG 44) is evaluating lapatinib vs trastuzumab in combination with neoadjuvant anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy.


A simple, non-mean-field explanation of spin canting and reentrance is presented and applied to spin-glasses. It is shown that the competition between ferromagnetic short-range order and a long-range interaction of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) type is responsible for the canting transition.


To solve the limitations of existing query interface matching which have the difficulties of weight setting of the matcher and the absence of the efficient processing of matching decision,a deep web query interface matching approach based on evidence theory and task assignment is proposed called evidence theory and task assignment based query interface matching approach(ETTA-IM).Firstly,an improved D-S evidence theory is used to automatically combine multiple matchers.Thus,the weight of each matcher is not required to be set by hand and human involvement is reduced.Then,a method is used to select a proper attribute correspondence of each source attribute from target query interface,which converts one-to-one matching decision to the extended task assignment problem.Finally,based on one-to-one matching results,some heuristic rules of tree structure are used to perform one-to-many matching decision.Experimental results show that ETTA-IM approach has high precision and recall measure.


International guidelines in 2008 recommended orchidopexy for undescended testis at 6–12 months of age to reduce the risk of testicular cancer and infertility. Using administrative data from England, Finland, Ontario (Canada), Scotland and Sweden (with data from Victoria (Australia) and Iceland in supplementary analyses), the aim of this study was to investigate compliance with these guidelines and identify potential socioeconomic inequities in the timing of surgery before 1 and 3 years.


The following article arises out of an interview with Fred Coutts from the chaplaincy department of the Grampian University Hospitals, which includes Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital and the Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital. Fred describes a recent period of crisis in the life of the hospital, and how during this period, the chaplaincy department was able to provide a service to both hospital and community. By the nature of their training and day to day work, the chaplains were perhaps uniquely well able to provide this service.


The distribution of wet-bulb potential temperature has been investigated in four cyclones, each by means of serial sounding balloon ascents made at one station. The results are plotted as though they represented observations along a vertical cross-section through the moving cyclone. Lines of equal wet-bulb potential temperature are drawn, and these are found to show a characteristic form of distribution at warm fronts, cold fronts and occlusions. At warm fronts the lines are closely crowded together. At cold fronts they show a nose raised some kilometres above the ground, the wet-bulb potential temperature decreasing with height in the air below the nose. The air in this region usually shows marked latent instability capable of being realised after only relatively small upward displacement. At occlusions the lines of equal wet-bulb potential temperature have a pronounced V-shaped form.


An approach for constructing vertical sections of the electrical conductivity of the Earth on the basis of surface measurements is presented. Electromagnetic measurements are effected every few meters across strike using pairs of horizontal and vertical coils, with the separation between source and receiver varying in order to sample different depths. The data provide information about the vertical and horizontal distribution of electrical conductivity of a section of the Earth. The recovering of the true conductivity distribution from the measurements is a nonlinear inverse problem that allows some useful linear approximations, which we exploit here using linear programming techniques. A regularization approach is considered using epsiv-insensitive functions for both the fitness to the data and the penalizing function. This representation enforces a model structure of blocks immersed in a homogeneous basement, an useful model in many practical instances


A series of 7-substituted 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids were prepared from 1-ethyl-6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 8. Those derivatives reported contain acyclic and heterocyclic substituents linked to the quinolone C-7 position via O, NH or S. The in vitro antibacterial data of some of these derivatives against 4 Gram positive and 4 Gram negative organisms are reported.


During the recent 10 years,Kunming city′s economy has achieved great development with a longitudinal comparison.However,it is just a middle-level development when making a parallel comparison among similar cities in China.To promote the city competitiveness of Kunming,six suggestions have been given: To promote the designing of monitoring and evaluation index systems on city competitiveness,the clear function orientation of Kunming and building an excellent Spring City,fully excavating the cultural characteristics and charm of Kunming city,improving city innovation ability,bringing the role of central city of Kunming among central Yunnan urban agglomeration into full play and expanding opening-up and using the international city as the standard to promote the city competitiveness of Kunming.


This editorial refers to 'Biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stents vs. bare metal stents vs. durable-polymer drug-eluting stents: a systematic review and Bayesian approach network meta-analysis' † , by S.-H. Kang et al. , on


The heterogeneous hydrogenation of substituted nitrobenzenes is a reaction of great interest, because aniline and its derivates are valuable substances in the chemical industry for the production of polymers, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and dyes. The state-of-the-art catalysts are mostly active metals, such as Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu, and Ir, which are supported on various materials, such as activated C, CaCO3, and SiO2, depending on their application. To achieve high selectivity to substituted anilines in the presence of other reducible groups and to prevent arylhydroxylamine accumulation in the reaction mixture, state-of-the-art catalysts are often modified with environmentally harmful additives, such as Pb and V promoters and Fe salts. Since the discovery that Au, when present as nanoparticles in the range of 1–3 nm, catalyzes CO oxidation, more and more reactions have been shown to be catalyzed by Au, among them the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. Hydrogenation of nitroaromatics containing additional unsaturated groups over unmodified Au/TiO2 and Au/Fe2O3 shows a high selectivity to the nitro group. Thus, Au/MeOx (Me corresponds to a metal) catalysts have been presented as a "green" alternative in reactions where a high selectivity under moderate reaction conditions is required. Haber proposed a reaction scheme (Scheme 1) for the electrochemical hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and its derivates in 1898; however, there is an ongoing debate about the reaction mechanism over heterogeneous catalysts. Haber proposed two main reaction routes, namely the "direct" (left hand side) and the "condensation" route (right hand side). In the direct route, nitrobenzene is reduced to nitrosobenzene, then to phenylhydroxylamine, and finally to aniline (Steps I–III). A variation of the direct route is the "no-nitroso route" (Step IV), in which nitrobenzene directly reacts to phenylhydroxylamine and then to aniline. The condensation route occurs when the two intermediates nitrosobenzene and phenylhydroxylamine condensate to form azoxybenzene (Step VI). This species is then hydrogenated to aniline in consecutive steps via the intermediates azobenzene and hydrazobenzene (Steps VII–IX). Another possible step in the transformation of nitrobenzene to aniline is the decomposition of phenylhydroxylamine into nitrosobenzene and aniline (Step V). Aniline is produced by the disproportion of phenylhydroxylamine. The nitrosobenzene generated by the disproportion reenters the catalytic cycle and is subsequently transformed into phenylhydroxylamine. These findings are based on measurements of nitrobenzene hydrogenations over Ir/C poisoned by Hg. Azoxybenzene is the first intermediate that is formed in the condensation route, which is observed when the reactions are performed in the presence of a base. Azoxybenzene can also be detected at slow reaction rates, for example, over Pd/SiO2 in methanol at 25 8C. Recently, the selective catalytic hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes has been reviewed. The authors describe precisely the tailoring of selective catalysts by using organic and inorganic modifiers and their application for different catalytic problems. Also, the effect of solvent, particle size, and support are discussed. The discussion on the influence of the support focuses on selectivity, activity, and stabilization of the metal nanoparticles. Other reports detail the effect of the composition of the reaction mixture, the noble metal, and the Scheme 1. Possible reaction pathways for the hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds to the corresponding anilines. NB: nitrobenzene, NSB: nitrosobenzene, PHA: phenylhydroxylamine, AN: aniline, AOB: azoxybenzene, AB: azobenzene, HAB: hydrazobenzene. Adapted from Ref. [6] .


We report the local study of an operating double hetero-junction GaAs/GaAlAs laser diode by apertureless Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM). This study allows the characterization of the spatial properties of the light emitted by the laser source. The optical probe used is a tungsten tip vibrating (at frequency f ) perpendicularly to the emitting surface. Suitable experimental parameters permitting us to accede to near-field information have been defined. This has leaded to an experimental configuration in which the probe vibration amplitude is "optimal". A far-field detection at grazing angle is used and a second harmonic (at frequency 2 f ) lock-in detection is performed. This configuration has permitted us to obtain SNOM images in stimulated emission as well as in spontaneous emission. Above the threshold current, information concerning the emitted laser mode are obtained, whereas in spontaneous emission the SNOM images are linked to the index contrast of the laser diode front facet.


Performance-related pay has been regarded as the sole crusader for obtaining effective performance by several academicians and professionals. However, contrary to this popular belief, research shows that performance-related pay is not effective in all institutional settings. This article discusses that reward bargains need to be customized according to the institutional structure, thus discarding the notion that only performance-related pay can improve performance. Characteristics of the public sector (organizational structure, personnel management systems, nature of resources and incentives, multiple principals, measurement problems and intrinsic motivation) which are not in sync with performance-related pay are also discussed in order to exemplify that performance-related pay instead of improving performance creates barriers. Pitfalls of performance-related pay (intrinsic motivation, decreased cooperation, decreased equity and higher control) are discussed in order to suggest that these pitfalls should be considered before performance-related pay systems are adopted by the organization. Examples from British and French civil services are used throughout the article in order to further clarify the issues.


The PLATES Project produced global plate reconstructions. Mike Horn provided the project with a dataset of 845 burial history case studies. The dataset included oil generation tables, vitrinite reflection calculations, references, thermal histories, natural fracture predictions, oil generation calculations, simultaneous fractue prediction, standardized locations maps, and basin and sedimentary province classification. This poster incorporated the thermal and burial histories into plate reconstructions for added dimensions of paleodepths and temperatures.


It is challenging to separate the hoopla around technological innovation from its actual prospective effects on work, despite popular media's predictions to the contrary. This study looks at the data about how new technologies are affecting the workplace and how the human resource (HR) function may assist businesses and people in navigating these changes. According to available data, corporations are using cutting-edge technology like artificial intelligence and robotics to automate routine, uncomplicated operations and use predictive algorithms to make complex decisions more quickly and accurately. Additionally, new technologies are being employed more frequently to encourage the adoption of more flexible working practices like gig and virtual work. However, this will pose a number of difficulties for HR professionals, who must assist workers in modernising their skills to compete in the workplace of the future and find solutions to any potential detrimental effects of increased connectivity and precarious employment on worker wellbeing.


In adults, a sex difference in levels of human Prolactin (hPRL) is well documented. In 36 girls and 31 boys (8 to 17 yrs of age), basal levels of hPRL were determined and assessments of pubertal stage were made at 6 month intervals. After 12 years of age mean levels of hPRL were higher in girls than in boys. In girls, plasma hPRL increased regularly with age and pubertal development. The most significant increase occurred by 13 years of age and correlated with menarche. Significant differences were seen between pubertal stage I and V, and II and V(p<0.01). A highly significant correlation was found between the increases in plasma hPRL and estradiol between the ages of 11 and 13 years. Between 14 and 16 years of ages, hPRL levels were higher (p<0.05) in girls with long menstrual cycles (>28 days). These data demonstrate a direct relationship between the pubertal rises in estrogens and hPRL, and suggest a possible role of hPRL in the regulation of the first menstrual cycles.


INTRODUCTION The objectives of this paper are to evaluate a fabrication procedure for controlling the grain orientation texture of sintered carbides (starting from powder), and to evaluate the resulting mechanical properties and tribological response of the composite material. For this, tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co) powder mixtures were rolled into malleable sheets using high-pressure rollers and then cut into thin discs, which were stacked, thermally debound and spark plasma sintered to obtain bulk cemented WC-Co. The relationships between the degree of orientation texture and resulting material properties were studied. The primary motivation for this work is to leverage the apparent difference in hardness of the basal plane and the prismatic planes in WC grains that have a hexagonal crystallographic structure. For WC grains, the experimentally measured hardness value on its basal plane is about 1.6 times higher than on its prismatic planes 1, 2 . Further, Kim et al. 3


Event cameras are silicon retina sensors that are more advantageous than traditional cameras in low-latency tracking and high dynamic range scenes. In this paper, we present a visual odometry algorithm based on the Dynamic and Active-pixel Vision Sensor (DAVIS), and the 6 Degree-of-Freedom (6-DoF) object motion can be tracked by the proposed algorithm. We detect features and track motion on the image plane, then feature-based pose estimation and extended Kalman filter (EKF) framework are tightly intertwined in event-based visual odometry. In experiments, the accuracy of our approach is evaluated in several object tracking scenarios. The trajectory of a low-latency and high-rate tracking is obtained, and the utilization rate of CPU resources is improved by using an event-driven strategy.


The work proposes a new method for the discovery and design of heat exchanger networks. The method is evolutionary in nature. It is based upon the specification of minimum approach temperatures for both the network and for individual exchangers coupled with the concept of a pseudo-pinch. This enables identification of an extended set of meritorious topologies whilst significantly reducing the computational effort when compared with currently available methods.


The basic principle and application level of adaptive optics in solid-state tactical laser weapons are introduced. The existing problems and the future development of adaptive optics subsystem in solid-state tactical laser weapons are reviwed.


Background: Sinusitis-related intracranial abscess (ICA) is a rare but serious complication and is different from those of sinusitis-unrelated ICA. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the differences in bacteriology, host factors, presentations, and prognoses between cases of sinusitis-related and sinusitis-unrelated ICA. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital (Hualien, Taiwan), during January 2010–August 2014, and enrolled patients with pathologically proven postsurgery ICA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The number of patients with sinusitis-related and sinusitis-unrelated ICA was 10 and 17, respectively. Compared with sinusitis-unrelated ICA patients, significantly more patients with sinusitis-related ICA experienced cirrhosis, ophthalmic abnormalities, and frontal and cavernous sinus involvement. Among all ICA patients, diabetes mellitus (DM) was associated with an increased mortality risk. Patients with DM exhibited the highest positive culture rates for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: Frontal sinusitis is associated with an increased risk of intracranial invasion. DM and liver cirrhosis patients exhibited the highest mortality rates among all ICA patients. Patient comorbidity should be considered when prescribing antibiotics for treatment.


The wireless communication technology has seen tremendous growth in the last two decades. Various applications have been advantaged by this technology. In cosmopolitan cities, people may happily pay the price for time. It is a difficult and time consuming task to find a vacant parking bay in heavily populated places like shopping malls, theatres and public places. In this paper, a smart vehicle parking reservation system is proposed. In the system, people can reserve a parking bay by using the short message service (SMS). A notification with reserved parking bay information is sent back. The system comprises of hardware and software. The proposed system is tested and the results have proven that on average in 1.8 seconds a confirmed notification is received. The system has an optimum beam angle of 105 for the IR sensors Thus, the proposed system is not only rapid but also provides reserved parking bay location.


The rapid technological advancement is changing the landscape of higher education. The efficacy of technology has spurred higher educational institutions to transform their educational structures and modes of knowledge dissemination from process-focused to student-focused. Higher educational institutions are adopting new information and communication technological (ICT) tools to enhance the teaching-learning process and student engagement. One such ICT tool which blends technology in the classrooms into educational experiences is the learning management system (LMS). The LMS usage by the higher education institutions facilitates the students for "anytime and anywhere access" to the contents. In this context this paper examines the acceptance of learning management system as a technological tool among students. And, examines the critical factors that effects the behavioral intentions of students towards LMS usage and factors influencing the actual usage of the LMS. The study also focuses on comparing the three models of technology adoption, TAM, revised version of TAM and C-TAM-TPB. The comparative analysis of three models discloses that perceived ease of use and perceived behavioral control being an important exogenous variable in understanding the behavioral intention and actual usage. The study was
conducted among the first year business management students of private deemed university.


LoRa LPWAN network system uses a license-exempt wireless communication system and implements data measurement through the integrated sensor based on Mems and wireless communication of existing measurement sensors. This system has superior technological / economic superiority using existing network and long distance communication compared to existing wireless measurement system, and secured economical efficiency by minimizing system construction equipment compared to wired measurement system. It is confirmed that the economical efficiency can be reduced by 41% compared to the conventional wired metering system. Since the LoRa LPWAN network system is excellent in terms of maintenance and operation, if installed in many bridges in Korea in the future, it will be developed as an excellent system in the maintenance of bridges. Etc.), and plant field (fire safety, etc.).


Integrating with specific engineering case,it introduces the application of cement-soil mixing pile in foundation pit support engineering,respectively describes the construction technology and quality control measures of cement-soil mixing pile,and puts forward corresponding construction security control measures,which has accumulated certain experiences for future similar foundation pit engineering.


Manual velocity picking is an inevitable and tedious process in the petroleum industry. An ideal velocity model is both geologically significant and geophysically smooth. Velocity picking can be phrased as a nonlinear optimization problem with multiple contradictory objectives. In this paper, we develop an automatic velocity picking technique based on the Simulated Annealing (SA) Algorithm. Accuracy and smoothness of the velocity model are used as objective functions. To improve the convergence of the algorithm, we include prior knowledge of the velocity model in the initialization and the constraints. The algorithm is adapted for this problem and demostrated using a 2-D field example.


Abstract Planned villages proliferated in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Scotland. Their development was directly related to the social and economic era often referred to as the Enlightenment. This article examines the functional characteristics of these planned villages. It presents a case study of south-west Scotland, where villages with a diverse range of functions were developed between approximately 1730 and 1855 at coastal and inland sites. These villages were dynamic settlements whose characteristics, functions and position within the local urban and economic hierarchies changed, often over short periods of time. Their functional characteristics were more complex than earlier publications would suggest, highlighting the importance of detailed regional case studies in historical geography.


Abstract : Chivers et al. (2007) found Hawai'i insular false killer whales to be distinct from other strata within the Indo-Pacific Ocean using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequence data. Here, we add new samples and eight nuclear DNA (nDNA) microsatellite markers to that study. After extensive quality checking, some haplotypes and duplicate individuals were removed from the 2007 mtDNA data set. A strong phylogeographic signal consistent with local haplotype evolution was evident for Hawai'i insular false killer whales with all but one individual having one of 2 closely related haplotypes found only in this population. The mtDNA characteristics of the Hawai'i insular false killer whales (n = 81) differed significantly (all p-values for Fisher exact and phiST 0.68) was consistent with less than one migrant per generation. The nDNA marker results were highly significant with all Fisher exact p-values less than or equal to 0.001 for comparisons of the Hawai'i insular stratum (n = 69) to the broad-scale strata (Central North Pacific (n = 13) and Eastern North Pacific (n = 36)), and fine-scale strata (Hawai'i pelagic (n = 9), Mexico (n = 19), Panama (n = 12) and American Samoa (n = 6)). The magnitude of differentiation was much less for nDNA (0.01 < FST < 0.08, 0.01 < Jost's D < 0.06) than for mtDNA, indicating the potential for some male-mediated gene flow although the possibility that FST is low because of the high mutation rate of microsatellites or the influence of selection operating to counter gene flow cannot be excluded.


Made for the traditional shortcomings of enterprise digital systems, introducing a new enterprise ERP system design method based on Work flow, It use workflow technology to improve the existing system, achieve a seperation of process logic and business logic, support the business process analysis and standardization of definitions, and business units automatic assembly; reduce the difficulty of complex application development process, break the traditional model for Enterprises must adapt the software. And Enterprises examples are given to show the entire workflow based on ERP system detailed design process,from consrruction of components to it.


A rotor (4) for a camshaft adjuster (14) is provided. The rotor (4) has a rotor core (6) that can be pushed onto a camshaft (2) and rotationally symmetric vanes (8) that extend radially away from the rotor core (6). Here, the rotor core (6) has an axial projection (10) projecting over the vanes (8). A profile (12) extends radially away from the axial projection (10).


The paper reports on the synthesis, crystal structure, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and magnetic properties of a spin crossover salt of formula [Fe(bpp)2](cis,cis-1,3,5-Hchtc)·5.5 H2O (1) (bpp = 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3yl)pyridine; cis,cis-1,3,5-Hchtc = monoprotonated cyclohexanetricarboxylate dianion). The salt shows a porous structure with water molecules sitting in the channels. The electronic configuration of the Fe2+ ions is high-spin (HS). Desolvation of 1 yields a material exhibiting an abrupt spin crossover with a thermal hysteresis loop located near room temperature (T1/2↑ = 319 K and T1/2↓ = 309 K). Rehydration of this desolvated salt yields an essentially low-spin (LS) material. This is the first example of a series of hydrogen-bonded porous structures that combine a Fe(bpp)2 spin crossover unit acting as a hydrogen-bond donor and polycarboxylate anions acting as hydrogen-bond acceptors with different connectivities.


The purpose of this work is to develop and document simple statistical methods for detection of changes observed on ADC (Apparent Diffusion Coefficient) measurements in cancerous organs (as in the IMI Quic Concept project). We expect similar methods will be used while monitoring the early response of tumours to therapy and during clinical management. It is important to understand the operation and statistical limits of various approaches, so that we can estimate the expected statistical power of any study, and to understand how best to make use of the information available in phantom data. The main reason for partial response of cancerous cells to chemotherapy is heterogeneity. This means the ADC histogram computed using DW-MR images (corresponding to the pixels in the region of interest (ROI)) will only change in a small portion of an organ volume some time after administering drugs. However in practice, large changes may be seen because of systematic errors due to changes in the vendor machine, the effective b values, ROI, etc. After describing the typical change detection scenario encountered in experiments, a simple MonteCarlo model is introduced which is thought to be characteristic of the main mechanisms of variation seen in real data. This allows us to explore the level of statistically significant changes using parameters which would be obtained from patient and phantom data. We conclude with general statements regarding sensitivity of a variety of simple approaches, and with calibrated tables and graphs suitable for computing statistical tests relating to the null hypothesis (no change seen).


Abstract Pigment concentrates with violet-red color and sweet taste were obtained from purple-fleshed sweet potato(PFSP) using ethyl alcohol and water. Extract from general potato(GP) were used as a control. The relative stability of PFSP pigment concentrate(PFSPPC) in a storage test over 15 days was confirmed in the order of dark>fluorescence>sun-light irradiation. The relative stability of GP pigment concentrate(GPPC) in a storage test over 15 days was confirmed in the order of sun -light>fluorescence>dark storage. The RRP of PFSPPC was higher than that of GPPC, but the color strength of GPPC was 1/2 that of PFSPPC. Treatment of PFSPPC with aluminum potassium sulfate(0.20.3%, w/w) best improved its stability. The improved RRPs of PFSPPC were 45.1647.31% in sun light irradiation, 55.9160.22% in fluorescence irradiation, and 76.3475.97% in dark storage conditions. In substituting aluminum potassium sulfate for chitosan, an amount of 0.20.3%(w/w) was suitable, giving similar results in improving pigment stability for all concentrates tested. Also, freeze-dried PFSPPC powder was manufactured as a substitute for dextrin, and also as a substitute for chitosan to the extent of 0.25%(w/w). The results of storage stabilite for freeze-dried PFSPPC and GPPC powder over 15 days, irradiation were, PRRs of 74.4789.36% and 61.5476.92%, respectively. The stability improving effect of freeze dried PFSPPC powder was confirmed by the results of storage experiments at various conditions. The use of freeze-dried PFSPPC powder was therefore confirmed to be an effective treatment for general foods. Key words: purple-fleshed sweet potato(PFSP), residual ratio of pigment(RRP), pigment stability.Corresponding author: Bon-Soon Koo, Dept. of Food Science & Biotechnology, Seoil University, Seoildaehak-gil 22, Seoul 131-702, Korea. Tel: +82-2-490-7460, Fax: +82-2-490-7811, E-mail: email@example.com


We used data from three Microwave radiometers (MWRs) at 23.8 and 31.4 GHz, radiosonde, and Global Positioning System (GPS) to analyze the performance of five clear-sky atmospheric absorption models. Data were collected during the Cloud InterComparison experiment at the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program's (ARM) site in Oklahoma in 2003. We compared brightness temperatures (TBs) measured by the MWRs to the TBs computed from the radiosondes and the absorption models. The radiometer calibration was performed by using two tipping calibration procedures: the ARM calibration algorithm and the tip cal method of the Environmental Technology Laboratory (ETL). Clear skies were determined by using lidar measurements. We found a bias in general less than 0.5 K when the newer models were considered. Precipitable water vapor (PWV) derived from a GPS receiver was also compared to the PWV computed from the radiometers using the retrieval coefficients derived from the models.


In this paper a mechanism for hip joint manipulation has been designed and analysed using finite element analysis. The designed mechanism can manipulate the abduction, adduction, extension and flexion of hip joints. Four bar mechanism has been synthesised based on two position synthesis method to achieve desired manipulations. The analysis has been done for various thicknesses of linkages. C20 carbon steel and FG150 grey cast iron materials have been considered for the analysis. Based on the Finite Element (FE) analysis results for all the 4 linkages, C20 carbon steel material has been found to be safe and optimum thickness values have been selected.


AbstractMacro-velocity model building is important for subsequent prestack depth migration and full-waveform inversion. Wave-equation migration velocity analysis uses the band-limited waveform to invert for velocity. Normally, inversion would be implemented by focusing the subsurface offset common-image gathers. We reexamine this concept with a different perspective: In the subsurface offset domain, using extended Born modeling, the recorded data can be considered as invariant with respect to the perturbation of the position of the virtual sources and velocity at the same time. A linear system connecting the perturbation of the position of those virtual sources and velocity is derived and solved subsequently by the conjugate gradient method. In theory, the perturbation of the position of the virtual sources is given by the Rytov approximation. Thus, compared with the Born approximation, it relaxes the dependency on amplitude and makes the proposed method more applicable for real data. We determined the ef...


This work shows a comparative assessment of open-loop and closed-loop processes to select, among a set of alternatives, the best distillation scheme regarding its controllability. A new point of view to assess the controllability using the information from the singular value decomposition (SVD) technique is proposed. In the research, the techniques for comparing the open-loop analysis and closed-loop analysis were standardized. The open-loop controllability index was calculated from the minimum singular value and the condition number of the certain areas in the frequency domain and a simplified index for measuring the singularity in SVD results. The derived controllability index then was compared with the normalized value of the Integral Absolute Error (IAE) of a proportional–integral (PI) controller obtained under closed-loop operation. Several different frequency areas were investigated to calculate the SVD and were used to compare the open-loop and closed-loop behaviors. The selected best distillation ...


Theoretical calculations have been carried out on the few lowest electronic states of HeF in an effort to identify a possible excimer state. The results show that the 2 2Σ+ state is bound with a minimum at 2.0 bohr. The calculated predissociation rates of the υ=0, N=1 level of the 2 2Σ+ state are lower by two orders of magnitude than the rate of the radiative transition 2 2Σ+, which has a vertical transition energy of 9.4 eV.


Animals living in a highly social environment typically have frequent and diverse interactions. To facilitate these relationships, social animals often have complex communication systems consisting of both between- and within-call variation. Such variability may manifest in a diverse number of call types (between-call variation) as well as the potential for conveying information on the signaller's internal motivational state or arousal (within-call variation). These aspects may be particularly important for social species or during complex social interactions, a concept known as the 'social complexity hypothesis for communicative complexity'. However, not all species appear to conform to these trends. The humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), like other baleen whales, has a supposedly simple social system characterised by small, temporary, and unstable groups. Despite this, humpback whales have one of the most complex communication systems of any non-human animal, especially during breeding-related social interactions. Although these interactions are undoubtedly mediated using acoustic signals, how potential information is conveyed (e.g. through call types and/or through changes in the structure of the calls) is poorly understood.This thesis examines the potential information in the social calls of humpback whales, with a particular emphasis on within-call structural variation (e.g. changes in frequency, duration, or bandwidth). As humpback whales are thought to have a simple social system, this thesis also aims to determine the potential link between the complex communication system of this species and social interactions during behaviours associated with breeding. To do this, data were collected during interactions between males and females on the breeding grounds in the Great Barrier Reef and during their annual southward migration back towards the feeding grounds in Antarctica. The variety of these breeding interactions ranges from simple social interactions between a single female and her calf, to moderately social groups consisting of a female-calf pair escorted by a single male, and ultimately to highly social competitive groups comprised of multiple males aggressively competing for access to a female. Using the breeding ground data, competitive groups were further split into three 'intensity' levels, defined by a progressive increase in their levels of aggression and arousal.A novel quantitative method was used to classify the acoustic repertoire of social calls in humpback whales and determine which call types were structurally stereotyped ('discrete') or structurally variable ('graded'). The repertoire was found to consist of 15 call types, made up of six discrete and nine graded calls. However, even the discrete calls showed significant variability in their acoustic structure, especially during social interactions. As acoustic variation is correlated with relatively high informative value, this indicates that all humpback whale calls have the potential to convey a large amount of information. Some calls also likely contain 'multiple messages' and may convey information on more than one attribute, such as temporary dominance status and individual identity.In female-calf only groups, humpback whales produced calls at lower rates and used fewer call types. As the number and diversity of social interactions increased (defined as the addition of one or more male escorts), individual call rates increased, as did the use of long bouts of calls. Further, new discrete call types were introduced into the repertoire which were never heard in the more simple female-calf dyads. This meant that some calls demonstrated a degree of context-specificity, and were only heard in groups with one or more escorts. The use of certain calls in limited contexts is another characteristic linked with increased communicative capacity. This may be especially true if they also display acoustic features that are indicative of certain motivational states or arousal levels.Graded call types were used more frequently than discrete call types across all levels of social interaction. However, during competitive behaviour, there was a significant increase in the overall proportion of graded calls used compared with discrete calls as the levels of aggression and group arousal increased. There was also a significant increase in the rate of individual call production with increased intensity. These results demonstrate a striking similarity between the displays and ritualised fighting in terrestrial animals, a concept not described in other cetaceans.This thesis represents a dedicated and comprehensive assessment of the information content of humpback whale social calls, and one of the first to investigate the relationship between social interactions and communicative complexity in a marine mammal. The results of this research have provided insight into the repertoire of the humpback whale, and which call types are likely to contain information relevant during social interactions related to breeding. Overall, the results presented here support high communicative complexity in this species, both in the repertoire and within call types. Not only does this represent a critical step towards identifying the function of calls, it has broad implications for animal behaviour and communication in general. Using the classification methods for future analyses of other whale species will allow for comparisons which can inform researchers about the possible drivers of communicative complexity in this group of animals.


In the public sector, currently almost 600,000 cord blood units (CBU's) in over 150 public cord blood banks (CBB's), and an estimated 1,000,000 CBU's is stored in over 200 private CBB's.


Objective To investigate the physical stability of shikinon lipid emulsion.Methods Taking centrifugal acceleration experiment,determination of viscosities,particle size and stability parameter as index.Results There was not double interface in centrifugal acceleration experiment (4 000 r/min,15 min).The viscosities of double distilled water,soybean oil and shikonin emulsion were 3.0 mPa·s,83.2 mPa·s and 7.5 mPa·s respectively.The average particle size of shikonin emulsion was 2.80 μm.The zeta potential of shikinon lipid emulsion was 45 mV,Intralipid was 42 mV.The stability parameter of emulsion was 0.225 g and Intralipid was 0.126.Conclusion The physical stability of shikinon lipid emulsion is favorable.


The zebrafish hi472 mutation is caused by a retroviral insertion into the vesicular integral protein‐like gene, or zVIPL, a poorly studied lectin implicated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐Golgi trafficking. A mutation in the shorter isoform of zVIPL (zVIPL‐s) results in a reduction of mechanosensitivity and consequent loss of escape behavior. Here we show that motoneurons and hindbrain reticulospinal neurons, which normally integrate mechanosensory inputs, failed to fire in response to tactile stimuli in hi472 larvae, suggesting a perturbation in sensory function. The hi472 mutant larvae in fact suffered from a severe loss of functional neuromasts of the lateral line mechanosensory system, a reduction of zVIPL labeling in support cells, and a reduction or even a complete loss of hair cells in neuromasts. The Delta‐Notch signaling pathway is implicated in cellular differentiation of neuromasts, and we observed an increase in Notch expression in neuromasts of hi472 mutant larvae. Treatment of hi472 mutant larvae with DAPT, an inhibitor of Notch signaling, or overexpression of the Notch ligand deltaB in hi472 mutant blastocysts produced partial rescue of the morphological defects and of the startle response behavior. We conclude that zVIPL‐s is a necessary component of Delta‐Notch signaling during neuromast development in the lateral line mechanosensory system. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2008


The first national examinations for the Certificate and the Diploma in Mortuary Hygiene and Technology of the Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene, London,1 were held in April 1966 and the second in April 1967. In preparation for these examinations revision courses of 20 or more systematic weekly lecture/demonstrations of one and a half to two hours were conducted in the winter and spring terms for small classes or groups, and even for individuals, by groups of pathologists and by individual pathologists throughout the country. These courses covered the Syllabus prepared by the Royal Institute and approved by the Board of Education and Examination for Post-Mortem Room Technicians2, and included (1) anatomy and applied anatomy, and elementary physiology; (2) an introduction to bacteriology, the use of disinfectants, and the dangers and hazards in the post-mortem room; and (3) certification, documentation, and the law in relation to human tissue and the dead. The written examination papers tested the candidates' knowledge in each ofthese three sections, with emphasis on the first, which was also the major subject of the oral part of the examinations. Now more than half of all full-time post-mortem room technicians in Scotland and England are qualified: 90 hold the Certificate and 139 hold the Diploma, 229 in all. Among those remaining unqualified are many parttime post-mortem room workers who have not yet had the advantage of revisory instruction to prepare them for the examinations for which, by their long experience, they are eligible to enter. A survey of mortuary attendants in post, in hospitals of 200 beds and over, carried out in 1962/63, showed that one-third were due to retire within five years; and a later survey of all hospitals in England and Wales, in 1965, showed that approximately half of the number then in post would retire within five years that is, by 1970. Manifestly, it is necessary to


The Italian research project PROSIB (PROpulsione e Sistemi IBridi per velivoli ad ala fissa e rotante), is a 30-month initiative funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research (MIUR) and coordinated by the Leonardo company. The project is aimed to investigate configurations for regional aircraft and rotary wing platforms and architectures for propulsion systems, and is dedicated to the identification of the best strategy for their use, given different on-board energy sources. The reduced environmental impact is the key for the success of the new hybrid/electric aircraft configurations. This not only considers the chemical pollution introduced in the atmosphere, but also the noise produced on the surrounding area of airports. The present paper describes the acoustic impact assessment resulting from the inclusion of new propulsion technologies and new configurations of regional aircraft (ATR42 pax) in a reference airport area.


An antibacterial spongy rubber insole for shoe is prepared from natural rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, sulfur, sulfurizing promoter, softening agent, anti-ageing agent, filler and antibacterial agent through pugging, sulfurizing and foaming. It has high antibacterial performance, light weight and good elastic buffer.


THE term "basilar impression," often called "basilar invagination," is generally used to designate different types of deformities involving the posterior cranial fossa and the upper cervical vertebrae. One of the most common causes of this deformity is an abnormal structure of the skeleton; for example, the decalcification of bones in rickets or Paget's osteitis deformans. Another type of "basilar impression" is seen in cases of long standing, increased intracranial pressure causing atrophy of the cranial capsule (hydrocephaly, oxycephaly). The third type corresponds to a congenital malformation of the atlanto-occipital region ("assimilation of the atlas").2 The anatomic findings in the different types of "basilar impression" are variable. As a rule the weighted parts of the occiput, forming the frame of the foramen magnum, are pushed up toward the cranial cavity (therefore the term "basilar impression"). In addition, the petrous portion of the temporal bone is dislocated upward and turned axially, so that...


A new route to amino- and hydroxy-naphthoquinones has been developed by the photochemical reaction of 5-aminonaphthoquinones with alkylamines. The regioselective syntheses of 8-alkylamino-5-aminonaphthoquinones were achieved under nitrogen in 90% yield. The selective and high yielding syntheses of 8-hydroxy-5-aminonaphthoquinones were achieved under aerated conditions using t-butylamine as a good oxygen carrier.


Music is ever-present in early childhood but does not feature strongly in the national curriculum framework – The Early Years Learning Framework in Australia or in the intentional practice of educators in early childhood education and care settings. This is mainly due to a lack of knowledge and confidence or self-efficacy to engage musically with the children. Preservice educator training plays a critical role in the development of effective pedagogical skills, knowledge and understanding. This article explored the music education preparation that preservice educators receive in initial training. A content analysis approach was used to review course content of all approved preservice educator programmes in Australia by the Australian Children's Education & Care Quality Authority. Interviews with tertiary teachers explored content taught. The findings offer rich insight into the extent of music education provided for preservice early childhood educators and implications for the development for future programmes.


Edible bird's nest (EBN) as a kind of functional foodhashigheconomic value depending on the qualitysuch as color and hygiene. The purpose of this research was to find optimum condition for application of keratinolytic enzymesBacillus sp. MTS in cleaning EBN.Activating agents for both enzymes were cationdivalents, EDTA, reducing agents, organic solutions, and antibacterial agents.Additives compound that able to increase keratinase activity were used to make cleaning solution and its tested on EBN and human hair. Alcoholic solutions (25% ethanol, 25% methanol, 25% glycerol), and some divalent metallic ions(Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+)were able to increase keratinasewhile disulfide reductase was solely activated by 0.05 mM EDTA. The activity of both enzymes wasinhibited by NaCland Na-azide.The activity of keratinase of Bacillus sp. MTS in cleaning solution formulated in this research was 2-3 fold as much as control (crude extract) in human hair substrates. Gliserol and cations divalent increasing 2-3 fold keratinase activity in cleaning solution. The solution was successfully apllied to cleaning EBN with weight loss 2.3-2.5% approximately.


OBJECTIVE:To observe the influence of TK adenovirus vector-Ad.HRE.CArG.HSV-TK regulated by hypoxia and radiation on the growth and apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro. METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the growth inhibitory effect of adenovirus transduction on cells under normoxia (37 ℃,19% O2, 5% CO2) and hypoxia (37 ℃, 0.1% O2, 5% CO2). Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC staining. RESULTS: The system of HSV-TK/GCV have killing effect and by-stander effect on breast cancer cells. IC50 of GCV were 9.09 and 7.83 μg/mL in Bcap37 and MDA-MB-435 cells, respectively. Under normoxia,the rate of growth inhibition and apoptosis in group of adenovirus vector(Ad)combined with radiotherapy (RT) was significantly higher than that in Ad group and the same dose of RT group, P0.05. The ratios of sensitizer enhencement (SER) were both 1.55. After hypoxia and/or radiation treatment, the inhibition rate in group of hypoxia+Ad+RT were obviously higher than that in group of normoxia+Ad+fake irradiation and normoxia+Ad+RT, P0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Adenovirus vector of Ad.HRE. CArG. HSV-TK combined with radiotherapy can significant suppress the growth and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. It provids foundation for further gene radiation therapy of breast cancer


Abstract We in this paper study Taiwanese foreign direct investment (FDI) outflow to China based on the dynamic growth theory. Two solution methods are used to study the evolution of outward FDI. The underlying outward FDI growth model is constructed as a differential equation. It is then solved by an analytical and a numerical method, respectively. Taking the data of Taiwanese electronics industry outflow to China for example, if the potential market is constant; the two solution techniques work well; while the numerical solution technique has more superior if the potential market is varying with time. Moreover, we find that the external influence through the communication of the host country is the key factor of Taiwanese FDI outflow during 2001–2006.


The chiral Luttinger liquid model for the edge dynamics of a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong magnetic field is derived from coarse-graining and a lowest Landau level projection procedure at arbitrary filling factors $\ensuremath{\nu}l1$--without reference to the quantum Hall effect. Based on this model, we develop a formalism to calculate the Landauer-B\"uttiker conductances in generic experimental setups including multiple leads and voltage probes. In the absence of tunneling between the edges the ``ideal'' Hall conductances ${(G}_{\mathrm{ij}}{=e}^{2}\ensuremath{\nu}/h$ if lead j is immediately upstream of lead i, and ${G}_{\mathrm{ij}}=0$ otherwise) are recovered. Tunneling of quasiparticles of fractional charge ${e}^{*}$ between different edges is then included as an additional term in the Hamiltonian. In the limit of weak tunneling we obtain explicit expressions for the corrections to the ideal conductances. As an illustration of the formalism we compute the current- and temperature-dependent resistance ${R}_{\mathrm{xx}}(I,T)$ of a quantum point contact localized at the center of a gate-induced constriction in a quantum Hall bar. The exponent $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ in the low-current relation ${R}_{\mathrm{xx}}(I,0)\ensuremath{\sim}{I}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}2}$ shows a nontrivial dependence on the strength of the inter-edge interaction, and its value changes as ${e}^{*}{V}_{H},$ where ${V}_{H}=hI/\ensuremath{\nu}{e}^{2}$ is the Hall voltage, falls below a characteristic crossover energy $\ensuremath{\Elzxh}c/d,$ where c is the edge wave velocity and d is the length of the constriction. The consequences of this crossover are discussed vis-a-vis recent experiments in the weak tunneling regime.


(Ba0.85Ca0.15) Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) ceramics with donor (La3+ and Bi3+ ions) and acceptor (Na+ ions) doping at the A-site were fabricated in this study. The effects of crystal structure, microstructure, and chemical defects on all samples' dielectric properties and piezoelectric coeffi cient (d33) were observed. Bi3+ ions decreased grain size, decreased phase transition temperature, and caused the diffuse dielectric spectrum, resulting in a low d33 value. Na+ ions induced abnormal grain growth, leading to enhancement in maximum dielectric constant; meanwhile, the phase transition temperature increased. The d33 value of Na-doped BCZT was comparable with BCZT ceramic. The addition of La3+ ions increased the phase transition temperature and decreased grain size. The d33 value of La-doped BCZT was lower than BCZT ceramic. The result suggested that BCZT, BCZT-Na, and BCZT-La ceramics could be alternative materials for piezoelectric energy harvesting devices.


The chapter describes the current law of succession in Norway with regard to mandatory protection of family members, explains its historical background, and situates it in the debates surrounding the changed realities of family life in the twenty-first century. Family law and family life have undergone many changes, not least the increasing prevalence of second or third families/remarriages and cohabitation, as well as the acceptance of same-sex families. The chapter argues that, despite recent reform proposals, the limited changes implemented by reforms in 2019 fall short of what is required of a modern law of succession for all families in Norway.


Non-neutral plasmas, like electrically neutral plasmas, exhibit a broad range of collective properties, such as plasma waves and instabilities, and the ability to support long-lived, large-amplitude coherent structures. This paper reviews the equilibrium and stability properties of intense non-neutral electron flow in crossed electric and magnetic fields. Following a description of equilibrium properties for magnetically insulated electron flow in planar geometry, extraordinary-mode stability properties are investigated for relativistic non-neutral electron flow between planar conductors


Objective To investigate healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes towards infliximab and insulin glargine biosimilars and the factors influencing their prescribing. Then, to compare healthcare professionals' attitudes with the utilisation of these biosimilars in UK hospitals. Design Self-administered, one-time web-based survey and drug utilisation analysis. Setting and data sources Professional associations and societies in the field of dermatology, diabetology, gastroenterology and rheumatology in the UK, between 8 August 2016 and 8 January 2017. The volume of utilisation of branded and biosimilar infliximab and insulin glargine in UK hospitals was derived from the DEFINE database, between 2015 and 2016. Outcomes Participants' knowledge and awareness of biosimilars and factors influencing their use and corresponding usage of infliximab and insulin glargine biosimilars. Results Responses were obtained from 234 healthcare professionals across dermatology, diabetology, gastroenterology and rheumatology specialties. 75% of respondents were aware that biosimilars were available on their local formulary. 77% of respondents considered biosimilars extremely or very important to save costs for the NHS. Gastroenterologists had the highest utilisation of infliximab biosimilars (14%) in 2015 rising to (62%) in 2016. Healthcare professionals had greater concerns about safety and efficacy when switching patients to biosimilars than when starting biosimilars in biological naïve patients. Guidance from National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and robust pharmacovigilance studies on biosimilars were both considered important factors in increasing biosimilars use. Conclusion British healthcare professionals are well informed about biosimilars with high level of awareness. Safety and efficacy concerns were higher in switching than in initiating biosimilars among some prescribers. It is probable that personal experience of biologics as well as discipline-specific guidance influenced prescribers' responses.


FIELD: marketing. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to method and system of promotion, marketing, sales and/or facilitation in supply of products and/or services obtained through prescriptions. Unfilled prescriptions are transferred to register, including previously qualified drugstores for "reverse auction", in which drugstores offer price for the chance to fill prescription. Drugstores are allowed to make a price offer based on cost, and/or offer additional services. Auction may also be used to offer prices for rendering certain pharmaceutical information services. Method may also include comparison of obtained cost to universal substitutes or similar alternative pharmaceutical products. System may additionally include automatic query of viewing of list with such substitutes by person who issues prescription or preliminary authorisation for third party payers. Winner of reverse auction is selected by client. EFFECT: reduced cost of prescribed medicines. 34 cl, 8 dwg


Are you looking for a locksmiths in Stratford that supply a range of residential and commercial locksmith services in Stratford.


Following the promulgation of the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) instituted a program for establishing the respirable dust standard in a coal mine when the free silica content of the respirable dust in the mine atmosphere is in excess of five percent. The analytical method used to determine the amount of silica in dust samples has been modified in the past to coincide with improvements in technology and instrumentation. With the procurement of a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, it has been demonstrated that the silica analysis can be performed more precisely and with a substantial savings in time. 9 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.


A recently developed alternative to traditional production planning and control systems such as material requirement planning(MRP) and just-in-time(JIT) is the drum-buffer-rope(DBR). The DBR now being implemented in growing number of manufacturing organizations enables better scheduling and decision...


We have studied the interaction of vector mesons within the hidden gauge formalism and applied it to the particular case of the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\rho}$ interaction. We find a strong attraction in the isospin, spin channels $I$, $S=0$, 0 and 0, 2, which is enough to bind the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\rho}$ system. We also find that the attraction in the $I$, $S=0$, 2 channel is much stronger than in the 0, 0 case. The states develop a width when the $\ensuremath{\rho}$ mass distribution is considered, and particularly when the $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ decay channel is turned on. Using a regularization scheme with cutoffs of natural size, we obtain results in fair agreement with the mass and the width of the ${f}_{0}(1370)$ and ${f}_{2}(1270)$ meson states, providing a natural explanation of why the tensor state is more bound than the scalar and offering a new picture for these states, which would be dynamically generated from the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\rho}$ interaction or, in simpler words, $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\rho}$ molecular states.


Effects of irradiated rPP compatibilizer, on the mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polypropylene/microcrystalline cellulose composites (rPP/MCC), are investigated. rPP is irradiated with an electron beam at dosages ranging from 10, 20, 30 to 50kGy. A matrix, containing of unirradiated and irradiated rPP (50:50 by ratio), is then added to 5, 20 and 40wt% MCC fibres. The composites are prepared using a twin screw extruder, followed by injection moulding. The properties are then characterized using tensile and thermal degradation tests. The improvement of Young's modulus by up to about 45% suggests a compatibilising effect of the irradiated rPP. Fracture surface observations reveal an adhesion between rPP matrix and MCC fibres. However, the thermal stability deteriorated with the addition of MCC and irradiated rPP.


The implementation of innovative techniques using cartridge filters and reverse osmosis membranes in this work could be a solution to satisfy increasing water demand. The feasibility of using membrane in Cheshme khosh desalting Factory was evaluated in the industrial scale study using an reverse osmosis (RO) pilot plant. After a pretreatment in cartridge filters, waste water was introduced to RO unit with a flux of 2000-12000 lit/h. the permeated flux was 600-1500 lit/h with different applied pressures of 5-22 bars. Results showed that COD, BOD, Conductivity, TSS, Color, Turbidity, SO4, Ca.H and SiO2 of waste water were decreased and removed to some extent using RO membranes. The flux of permeated stream and the recovery rate increased with the feed pressure. But the feasible operating conditions for the RO pilot were determined at 15 bar feed pressure with the feed flux of 2600 lit/h witch lead to a permeate flux of 1080 lit/h and 41.54% recovery rate. The zero discharge goal could be achieved using RO system.


Background/Aims: To investigate the effectiveness of an item response theory (IRT)-based approach to staging dementia. Methods: IRT estimates of dementia severity in 1,485 patients were used to stage dementia and then compared to dementia staging using the classic Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) algorithm and the Sum of the Boxes (SOB) approach. Results: Measurement imprecision was highest when dementia stages were determined based on the classic algorithm (48% of sample), lower when they were determined based on the SOB approach (12%), and lowest when determined using IRT-based staging (0%). Conclusion: The classic CDR algorithm weights boxes largely according to clinical experience. The SOB approach weights all boxes equally. The IRT approach weights boxes according to their actual ability to identify dementia severity and therefore provides the most precise information for staging dementia.


A scientific paradigm for fmaily psychology PART I: MARRIAGE AND MARITAL INTERVENTION 1. A critical view of marital satisfaction 2. A science of couple therapy: for what should we seek empirical support? 3. The mismeasure of therapy: treatment outcomes in marital therapy research 4. Emotion and the repair of close relationships 5. A sampling of theoretical, methodological and policy issues in marriage education: Implications for family psychology PART II: PARTNER VIOLENCE: PARTICIPANT PERSPECTIVES AND TREATMENT 6. A life span developmental systems perspective on aggression toward a partner 7. Partner violence and men: a focus on the male perpetrator 8. Women in intimate partner violence: major advances and new directions 9. Partner violence and children 10. Can partner aggression be stopped with psychosocial interventions? PART III: FAMILIES IN DIVORCE AND REMARRIAGE: FAMILY MEMBER PERSPECTIVES 11. Remarriage and stepfamilies 12. Promoting better fathering among divorced nonresident fathers 13. Fathers in African American families: the importance of social and cultural context 14. Mothers in transition: model-based strategies for effective parenting PART IV: FAMILIES AND DEPRESSION 15. Disentangling causality in the associations between couple and family processes and depression 16. A relational perspective on depressed children: family patterns and interventions 17. Adolescent depression: family focused treatment strategies 18. Marital discord in the context of a depressive episode: research on efficacy and effectiveness 19. Toward culturally-centered and evidence-based treatments for depressed adolescents PART V: FAMILIES AND HEALTH 20. Families, health and illness: the search for pathways and mechanisms of effect 21. Weaving gold out of straw: meaning-making in families who have children with chronic illnesses 22. Using family models in health research: a framework for family intervention in chronic disease


Purpose:To determine the treatments and prognostic predictors of malignant melanoma of the head and neck. Methods:Surgical treatment and outcome was analyzed for 28 patients with malignant melanoma of the head and neck at department of the head and neck of our hospital (1984-1994). Results:23 patients underwent local excised as the first treatment, and local recurrence was demonstrated in 8 (34.8%). Margin of resection of primary melanoma was divided into narrow excision (≤2 cm) and wide excision (2 cm), and 5-year survival was 58% and 40%( P 0 01). According to surgical methods, 5-year survival of WE, WE/END and WE/TLND were 80%, 80% and 39%. Conclusions:An excision with 2 cm margin is safe procedure for primary tumor of malignant melanoma of the head and neck. Neck dissection may not be practiced until neck lymph node is positive. Neck dissections differ from the positions of the primary tumors, and the flaps must be raised preferably superficial to the platysma.


A 47-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was transferred to the hospital after cardiac arrest. Electrocardiography showed ST elevation, a long QT interval, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Echocardiography showed LVH and mitral-valve regurgitation.


Previous electrical resistivity {rho}T, magnetic susceptibility {chi}T, and specific heat C(T) measurements on the Y{sub 1-x}U{sub x}Pd{sub 3} system have revealed Kondo behavior for 0 < {times} < 0.2 and spin-glass-like behavior for 0.3 < {times} < 0.5. The Kondo behavior is unusual and characterized by non-Fermi liquid behavior at low temperatures T {much_lt} T{sub K}, where T{sub K} is the Kondo temperature: {rho}T/{rho}(0) {approximately} 1 {minus} T/(aT{sub K}), and C(T)/T {approximately} 1 {minus} (1/T{sub K})1nT with evidence for a finite T = 0 residual entropy S(0) = (R/2)1n(2). We report measurements of {rho}T, {chi}T, and C(T) on the Sc{sub 1-x}U{sub x}Pd{sub 3} system which reveal similar Kondo, non-Fermi liquid, and spin-glass behaviors.


BACKGROUND
We describe a comorbidity study of DSM-III-R-defined Axis I diagnoses comparing male outpatient paraphiliacs to men with nonparaphilic forms of sexual impulsivity designated as paraphilia-related disorders.

METHOD
Data were prospectively collected from 60 consecutively evaluated outpatient males, aged 21-53 years, seeking treatment for the principal disorders of paraphilias (N = 34) and/or paraphilia-related disorders (N = 26). Subjects completed a semistructured psychiatric Intake Questionnaire and Sexual Inventory. The lifetime prevalence of DSM-III-R Axis I diagnoses, including disorders of sexual impulsivity, was assigned by follow-up psychiatric interviews.

RESULTS
Both groups of men were diagnosed with an elevated lifetime prevalence of mood disorders (76.7%), especially early-onset dysthymia (53.3%); psychoactive substance abuse (46.7%), especially alcohol abuse (40.0%); and anxiety disorders (46.7%), especially social phobia (31.6%). The predominant forms of sexual impulsivity reported by both groups were "nonparaphilic" paraphilia-related disorders: compulsive masturbation (73.3%), protracted promiscuity (70.0%), and dependence on pornography (53.3%).

CONCLUSION
There were no major differences in lifetime Axis I diagnoses to differentiate men with paraphilic disorders from those with paraphilia-related disorders. Both groups were likely to acknowledge multiple paraphilias and/or multiple paraphilia-related disorders suggesting that sexual impulsivity has diverse manifestations, which can include culturally "deviant" as well as "normative" behaviors. Several hypotheses regarding the possible etiologic relationship between depressive disorders and sexual impulsivity are suggested.


The present invention relates to a filling level detection mechanism that uses the principle of a lever, the lever, pressing the lever to move the chips from the outer wall of the cylinder projects into the precooking inside, down to the set filling level, down the lever end of the cylinder wall; The other end of the lever detection sensor trigger upward; empty feed back in situ lever position detection sensor reset. The height position of the installation of such a mechanism, thereby sensing the filling level height inside the cooking cylinder, control the residence time in the precooked chips cylinder.


We consider the asymptotic behaviour of posterior distributions based on continuous observations from a Brownian semimartingale model. We present a general result that bounds the posterior rate of convergence in terms of the complexity of the model and the amount of prior mass given to balls centred around the true parameter. This result is illustrated for three special cases of the model: the Gaussian white noise model, the perturbed dynamical system and the ergodic diffusion model. Some examples for specific priors are discussed as well.


The Darwin and Terrestrial Planet Finder missions, represent the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA's interest in ultimately searching for and when found studying planets similar to the Earth-like planets in our own Solar System. As such they may be technologically very challenging space missions but recent developments points towards robust solutions. In this talk, we compare the technologies, the available solutions, and the current status in both projects. We put the emphasis on the optical technologies required, and address both main possibilities considered for planet finding, i.e. a nulling interferometer and a coronograph. We outline the strategies for selecting the appropriate technology for each element of the missions. Finally we also address the synergy in the technologies required for other missions, as well as other applications except purely scientific.


The present invention relates to providing an excellent cleaning performance of detergent composition comprising a mannanase and percarbonate, the stain removal performance properties, including cleaning and / or whiteness maintenance performance.


Under the background of the rapid development of machine learning and information technology, traditional classroom mode is gradually replaced by media classroom. To tackle abstract and incomprehensible problems and restricted practical teaching in practical teaching, online classroom design principle is utilized to embody the classroom optimization and design principle of English language teaching from the perspective of machine learning based on English project learning. Based on the advantages of digitization, deep learning algorithm is used to establish classroom application model by information input. Besides, English language and relevant language application scenarios are presented from the perspective of machinery. The simulated textbook contents and relevant extended knowledge points are displayed in classrooms by online teaching. The current advantages of Internet communication are combined with machine learning algorithms for field simulations and calculations on the relevant course content of English subjects. The actual operation process in the English learning process is realized through the online form of the network. It ensures the stability and transmission accuracy of online classrooms, reduces information omission and loss during data transmission, and obtains the optimal solution for data simulation in real-time scenarios. Relevant researches demonstrate that machine learning combined with online classroom design breaks through the face-to-face book teaching in traditional classrooms by the dynamic demonstration of life and actual work scenes and entity innovations as well as design. Besides, it stimulates students' interest in English courses, enhances the overall learning rate, promotes more significant effects of English project learning, and is conducive to the cultivation of comprehensive language talents in the new age.


We propose a general, yet simple model for describing the weak field magnetotransport properties of nearly-free electrons in two-dimensional hexagonal metals. We modify this model so as to apply it to the magnetotransport properties of the ${M}_{n+1}A{X}_{n}$ phases, a particular class of nanolamellar carbides and nitrides. We argue that the values of the in-plane Hall coefficient and the in-plane parabolic magnetoresistance are due to the specific shape of the Fermi surface of almost two-dimensional hole and electron bands. If the contribution of the electron pockets to in-plane resistivity is often (but not always) predicted to be a minor one, in contrast, both holes and electrons should substantially contribute to the overall value of the in-plane Hall coefficient. The relevance of our model is supported by elementary considerations and a set of experimental data obtained from single crystals of ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}\mathrm{AlC}$ and $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}\mathrm{AlC}$. In particular, we obtain a high ratio between the in-plane $({\ensuremath{\rho}}_{ab})$ and parallel to the $c$ axis $({\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c})$ resistivities.


Several investigators who have had a large experience with the complement fixation test for lues have called attention to the development in sera of anticomplementary bodies which cause inhibition of hemolysis in both the antigen and control tubes, and they have found that in most instances this property of the serum is lost after heating it for half an hour at 560 C. In some instances, however, the property still persists after heating, and in such sera one is unable to read the reaction. It would appear from these observations that the anticomplementary bodies are of two kinds, thermolabile and thermostabile, and that the inactivation of serum enables us to destroy only the thermolabile group. The exact nature of these anticomplementary substances is still in doubt, but it is the purpose of this contribution to show that certain strains of bacteria, if growing in human blood serum, are capable of producing total inhibition of hemolysis in both antigen and control tubes ; and that not only is this true, but certain bacteria also possess the power of producing inhibition in the antigen tubes alone, thus giving rise to a non-specific reaction in the sera which contain them. In the application of the complement fixation to the diagnosis of lues in the military service, we have adopted in this laboratory the modification of the Wassermann test devised by Noguchi, the only departure from his technique being the use of an alcoholic extract of fetal luetic liver as antigen, and the inactivation of the serum


The design of the switched reluctance machine involves several variables that impact the performance of the machine in different ways. The topology, polar arcs, internal and external diameter, number of turns and core length are some of the parameters that must be determined at the design stage. The effect of geometric parameters on performance is different for each switched reluctance machine topology, so this study is dedicated to establishing a sensitivity analysis for two popular topologies, a three-phase 6/4 and a four-phase 8/6. The performance results are estimated through finite element simulations and the dimensional effects analysis is performed using statistical software. The results show the dimensions with the greatest effect on the average torque value and total losses on the machine and can be useful to support the choices made during the design and optimization of this type of machine.


Abstract: The use of biomaterials is increasing in treatments today and will increase further in the future. The clinical need for biomaterials in maxillofacial and oral cavity areas is both demanding and versatile. The chapter first discusses key facts and applications of traditional reconstruction materials, also offering comparative data. It then describes the properties and clinical applications of bioactive glass in maxillofacial and dental uses, and provides clinical findings.


AIMS
While best known for its role in oxidative DNA damage repair, apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APE1) is a multifunctional protein that regulates multiple host responses during oxidative stress including the reductive activation of transcription factors. As knockout of the APE1-encoding gene, Apex1, is embryonically lethal, we sought to create a viable model with generalized inhibition of APE1 expression.

RESULTS
A hypomorphic mouse with decreased APE1 expression throughout the body was generated using a construct containing a NeoR cassette knocked into the Apex1 site. Offspring were assessed for APE1 expression, breeding efficiency, morphology with a focused examination of DNA damage in the stomach. Heterozygotic breeding pairs yielded 50% fewer hypomorphic mice than predicted by Mendelian genetics. APE1 expression was reduced up to 90% in the lungs, heart, stomach and spleen. The hypomorphic offspring were typically smaller and most had a malformed tail. Oxidative DNA damage was increased spontaneously in the stomachs of hypomorphic mice. Further, all changes were reversed when the NeoR cassette was removed. Primary gastric epithelial cells from hypomorphic mice differentiated more quickly and had more evidence of oxidative DNA damage after stimulation with Helicobacter pylori or a chemical carcinogen than control lines from wildtype mice.

INNOVATION
A hypomorphic mouse with decreased APE1 expression throughout the body was generated and extensively characterized.

CONCLUSION
The results suggest hypomorphic mice enable studies of APE1's multiple functions throughout the body. The detailed characterization of the stomach showed that gastric epithelial cells from hypomorphic were more susceptible to DNA damage.


The tourism industry is a capitalist activity concerned with the production, accumulation and distribution of wealth. Power is an important arena for research in this respect as diverse outcomes for the local economy in general, and its players specifically, provide important aspects to study when considering the lives of rural entrepreneurs. However, it may be argued that while Marxist theorists using critical approaches on power have tended to focus on issues around the equality of power relations between actors or stakeholders, the inherently spatial nature of power has received less emphasis. This article focuses on an exploration of the spatiality of power which surrounds entrepreneurship and tourism industry development.


Representatives of the working group of "Neuropaediatrics" and "Infectology" like to present recommendations on diagnostics and treatment of infectious diseases on the CNS. Individual opinions can not be considered in recommendations always. Therefore we have to understand these recommendations in this way that individual decisions will not be restricted in special situations.


This article contributes to the literature on non-market evaluation methods, applied to ecosystem services. The ecological status of the Taravo River is currently under threat by human activities. In this context, we value some of the ecosystem services provided at the Taravo River Basin using a stated-preference approach. Four different econometric estimations were considered for this discrete-choice experiment. On average, respondents are willing to pay 128 euros per year for the enhancement of the ecosystem services selected. This result is in line with those obtained in recent contributions that have applied similar approaches. Beyond this average, this article conducts a spatial analysis to confirm the different willingness to pay on the territory (upper versus lower Taravo).


Abstract Spouses are commonly involved in their partners' diabetes management by supporting and regulating (i.e., controlling) their diet. Little is known, however, about what characteristics are associated with how and how often spouses are involved in this context. This study examined whether sociodemographic and marital characteristics helped explain some of the variability in diet-related spousal involvement in promoting a partner's adherence to a diabetes diet; specifically, whether gender, race/ethnicity, marital quality, and marital length were related to the frequency of spousal engagement in health-related social support and two types of health-related social control. Gender and race/ethnicity were examined as exploratory moderators of the associations between marital characteristics and spousal involvement. Data from two different data sets of older adults (55+ years) whose partners had type 2 diabetes were examined among four racial/ethnic groups (study 1 n = 205; study 2 n = 155). Regression analyses that controlled for patients' co-morbid health conditions revealed gender and racial/ethnic differences in the frequency of spousal involvement. In addition, marital quality was related to the frequency of support and positive forms of social control among most participants, particularly African American spouses. No associations between marital length and any type of spousal involvement were found, nor were there any gender differences in any of these associations. These findings provide insight into the importance of sociodemographic characteristics and marital quality in understanding spousal involvement in a partner's diabetes management.


Annabelle Paredes Acedera is from the Philippines and has been a librarian for the past 43 years and a library educator for 18 years. In 1989, she spearheaded the founding of a local library cooperation in Cagayan de Oro City, Mindanao, Philippines, which later became the Academic Libraries Information Network in Mindanao because membership had grown to include various regions in Mindanao. She served as its president until 2009. Mrs. Acedera, who has a master's degree in library science, remains active in the library profession.


Due to the special natural reserve conditions of steeply inclined short_interval thick coal seams,it is difficult to adopt mechanical mining and have severe influence between different coal seams.This article presents the combined mining technology of horizonal sectional light prop used in steeply inclined short_interval thick coal seams and gains the technical and economic benefits.


The capacitive gate structures available in digital-oriented CMOS processes are reviewed, with emphasis on their use as linear capacitors. It is shown that the voltage harmonic distortion in MOS gate capacitors biased in either accumulation or strong inversion is almost technology independent. Experimental and analytical results indicate that the total harmonic distortion in an adequately biased (2.5 V) gate capacitor can be kept low (THD >


Introduction In March 2005, the detection of a series of cases of Bovine Cysticercosis resulted in the establishment of a monitoring programme in Catalonia. From March 2005 to December 2007, 284 animals from 67 cattle farms affected by Bovine Cysticercosis were detected. The number of slaughterhouses reporting cases increased throughout time, from 4 in 2005 to 9 in 2007. Water supply for animals appeared to be the most frequent route of infection (Allepuz et al., 2008). The aim of this work is to update the results of the monitoring programme with data from 2008, and test the hypothesis of water supply as the most likely route of infection.


1. The archaeology of contact in settler societies Tim Murray Part I. Diverse Contacts and Consequences: 2. Beads, bodices and regimes of value: from France to North America, c.1500-c.1650 Laurier Turgeon 3. Ships for the taking: culture contact and the maritime fur trade on northwest coast of North America Steven Acheson and James P. Delgado 4. Culture contact view through ceramic petrography at the Pueblo mission of Abo, New Mexico Patricia Capone 5. The transformation of indigenous societies in the south western Cape during the rule of the Dutch East India Company, 1652-1795 Yvonne Brink 6. Contact archaeology and the landscapes of pastoralism in the north west of Australia Rodney Harrison 7. Tenacity of the traditional: the first hundred years of Maori-European settler contact on the Hauraki Plains, Aotearoa/New Zealand Stuart Bedford Part II. Issues and Methods: 8. Fur trade archaeology in western Canada: who's digging up the forts? Olga Klimko 9. Contact archaeology and the writing of aboriginal history Christine Williamson 10. In the footsteps of George Dutton: developing a contact archaeology of temperate Aboriginal Australia Tim Murray.


Introduction Roller pumps are widely used in procedures involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) due to their ease of operation and maintenance, safety, and cost. Several studies in the literature have compared the use of roller pumps with centrifugal pumps, but the influence of the roller pump adjustment on hemolysis has been poorly explored. Methods Measurements of hemolysis rates were carried out in 86 patients. The pump was adjusted by the dynamic calibration method, which was performed by an auxiliary device, and the patients were grouped according to the pump calibration: Group 1 (n = 20) 75 mmHg; Group 2 (n = 24) 150 mmHg; Group 3 (n = 22) 300 mmHg and Group 4 (n = 21) 450 mmHg. The hemolysis rates were measured at 4 different times during CPB (TO: before the surgical procedure; T1: 5 minutes after the start of CPB; T2: 30 minutes of CPB; and T3: 5 minutes after the CPB procedure). Hemolysis rates were calculated between the time intervals T0–T1, T1–T2, and T0–T3. Results No difference in hemolysis rates was observed between the groups (p>0.31). During the first 5 minutes of CPB, hemolysis represented 35.5% of the total hemolysis and no significant difference was found between groups (p>0.60). Conclusions Calibration of roller pumps by the dynamic method did not influence the hemolysis rates. Additionally, the hemolysis during the first 5 minutes of CPB accounted for ∼1/3 of the total hemolysis.


The classical NP–hard feedback arc set problem (FASP) and feedback vertex set problem (FVSP) ask for a minimum set of arcs ε ⊆ E or vertices ν ⊆ V whose removal G ∖ ε, G ∖ ν makes a given multi–digraph G=(V, E) acyclic, respectively. Though both problems are known to be APX–hard, constant ratio approximations or proofs of inapproximability are unknown. We propose a new universal O(|V||E|4)–heuristic for the directed FASP. While a ratio of r ≈ 1.3606 is known to be a lower bound for the APX–hardness, at least by empirical validation we achieve an approximation of r ≤ 2. Most of the relevant applications, such as circuit testing, ask for solving the FASP on large sparse graphs, which can be done efficiently within tight error bounds with our approach.


Since its introduction by Sun Microsystems in 1986, the NFS protocol has become the defacto standard distributed file system protocol for Unix based workstations. Most of these Unix implementations are based on the reference port provided by Sun Microsystems. Research published to date on NFS performance has focused on the problems of NFS server write performance and NFS server performance characterization. This paper discusses other performance and implementation aspects of NFS observed while tuning a rather different implementation of the Sun NFS protocol for Unix. Aspects of performance related to differences in caching mechanisms, the use of different RPC transport protocols and techniques that minimize memory to memory copying are explored. In particular, the notion that TCP transport would provide unacceptable performance for NFS RPCs is shown to be unfounded. Introduction There are several aspects of the 4.3BSD Reno implementation of Network File System (NFS)1 that set it apart from the Sun reference port.2 In the 4.3BSD Reno implementation, particular emphasis has been put on caching mechanisms, network transport layer independence and the avoidance of memory to memory copy operations. To minimize memory to memory copying and retain network transport layer independence, the NFS remote procedure call (RPC) requests and replies are handled directly in mbuf3 data areas. Network transport independence permits experimentation with running NFS over other protocols, including TCP. As such, it was felt that by benchmarking this implementation of NFS, we could gain insight into various aspects of performance that have not yet been adequately addressed. This paper describes the results of benchmarking and tuning in three major areas: Server CPU overheads Effects of transport protocols Effects of different caching mechanisms In Section 1, a brief overview of the NFS protocol is presented, followed in Section 2 by an overview of the 4.3BSD Reno NFS implementation. Section 3 discusses techniques used to reduce server CPU overhead. Section 4 compares the performance of NFS over a variety of transport protocols operating on three different internetwork topologies. Following this, a comparison in Section 5 of 4.3BSD Reno NFS with Ultrix† NFS is used to identify significant differences related to caching mechanisms. The conclusion summarizes the results and suggests areas of distributed file system performance that 1 NFS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems Inc. 2 Along with the published NFS specification, Sun Microsystems licensed a reference port of NFS which forms the basis of most commercially available NFS systems. Since I have no access to this code, information about its structure was gleaned from a variety of publications. Apologies for any inaccuracies w.r.t. this port. 3 mbuf is the Berkeley Unix structure for handling network buffers. † MicroVAXII, DECstation and Ultrix are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation


Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems typically yield output in lexical form. However, humans prefer a written form output. To bridge this gap, ASR systems usually employ Inverse Text Normalization (ITN). In previous works, Weighted Finite State Transducers (WFST) have been employed to do ITN. WFSTs are nicely suited to this task but their size and run-time costs can make deployment on embedded applications challenging. In this paper, we describe the development of an on-device ITN system that is streaming, lightweight & accurate. At the core of our system is a streaming transformer tagger, that tags lexical tokens from ASR. The tag informs which ITN category might be applied, if at all. Following that, we apply an ITN-category-specific WFST, only on the tagged text, to reliably perform the ITN conversion. We show that the proposed ITN solution performs equivalent to strong base-lines, while being significantly smaller in size and retaining customization capabilities.


This article is a review about the pre-hospital care at rave parties in Brazil. The rave has been multiplying in a disorderly fashion in our country, which must be a reason to alert the authorities, in view of the way in which the feast is held, their duration and the exposure of its patrons to several agents that can result in injuries to health. The pre-hospital care has been the object of attention and debate in our country, is expanding, and with it our aim to discuss and justify the need for implementing it at parties. Because of the paucity of literature on the subject in Brazil, we isolated research on pre-hospital care and raves. We observed that the major problem encountered in the festivities is the consumption of psychoactive substances by many of its supporters, which trigger various symptoms with potential to evolve with poor prognosis of clinical features and may even l ead to death of the patient


Tall buildings structure has been a considerable increase in both residential and commercial as well as modern Trend structures. There are two systems comprise the most attractive and commonly used now a days are flat slab and shear wall system. Flat slab is most widely used system in reinforced concrete construction in offices, industrial buildings etc. It supports floor slab without beams. When it comes to seismic performance or lateral force flat slab tall buildings without shear wall is relatively less when compared to with shearwall.in this study I have done two models of flats slab tall buildings one with shear wall and another one without shear wall by using ETABS software. The comparison of analysis results will take place in order to see how both a buildings are performing under lateral and seismic loads and finding a seismic parameters like time period, base shear, lateral displacement, and storey displacement are checked out.


Most previous studies using ultrasound for the diagnosis of osteoporosis have employed ultrasound in the frequency range from 0.2 to 1 MHz. Acoustic properties of 14 defatted bovine cancellous bone specimens were investigated in vitro. Speed of sound (SOS) and broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA) were measured using two matched pairs of transducers with the center frequencies of 1 and 2.25 MHz, respectively, in order to cover a broad frequency range from 0.5 to 1.5 MHz. In this frequency range, SOS and BUA show significant linear positive correlations with apparent bone density. These results suggest that the frequency range from 0.5 to 1.5 MHz may also be useful in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. [Work supported by BK21 Program, KRF (KRF‐2000‐015‐DP0718), and KOSEF (KOSEF‐2000‐0238‐100) in Korea.] a)For (Biomedical Ultrasound/Bioresponse to Vibration) Best Student Paper Award.


Aceh province is geographically located between 2 0 - 6 0 LU and 95 0 - 98 0 BT is a tropical region that has a high enough intensity of the sun. Solar energy is a potential energy source, so it needs to consider aspects of the benefits brought about by the sun. This study aims to examine the variation of the solar collector tilt angle to get the collector with optimum results. The material used is wood frame with insulating material zinc in black paint. Temperature measurements carried out in an open space with solar energy as a source of energy for heating. Measurements were taken from 09.00 am - 17.00 pm with measurements every hour. Thermometer was used to measure the temperature, where the measurement is made by 4 (four) points in each space of collector. The results showed that the distribution of the average temperature for the collector tilt angle of 15 0 C with the air flow rate 0.028 kg/ s is 8 0 C, the average temperature difference for collector tilt angle of 30 0 C with the air flow rate 0.0237 kg / s is 17 0 C, while the average temperature for the collector tilt angle of 45 0 with the air flow rate 0.0175 kg/ s is 19.5 0 C.


This paper introduces the virtual teacher, a device or agent that supplements an environment in order to facilitate acquisition by a human user of a manual skill. Like the virtual fixture, a virtual teacher generally acts as an aide or facilitator to task execution, but unlike the virtual fixture, the virtual teacher is present only during training periods. During eventual task performance the teacher is absent. The virtual teacher's objective, implicitly understood by the user, is to promote independent mastery over the task. We review and organize common paradigms for the teaching of manual skills in real-world settings and use these as inspiration for the design of virtual teachers. In particular, we are interested in the ways in which a teacher, real or virtual, can demonstrate a strategy or impart a 'feel' for a task by guiding movement of the pupil's hand. A pilot study involving 24 participants was used to test the virtual teacher concept with a simulated crane moving task. The present virtual teacher implementation did not significantly improve learning curves. However, further performance interpretations indicate that the lack of positive effect can be remedied with modifications to the virtual teacher that address component skills and ensure suitability to various initial skill levels.