Abstract BACKGROUND: Hyperthyroidism, a common condition seen by physicians, is predominantly treated with antithyroid drugs. Agranulocytosis, a potentially fatal complication, is their most serious side effect. Conflicting studies are present between the risks and benefits of the use of exogenous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in its treatment, since its pathogenesis has not been established. The objective of this study is to determine the benefit of G-CSF in antithyroid drug-induced (ATD) agranulocytosis, through a meta-analysis. Methods: Studies were included after extensive literature search in five electronic databases; all met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were critically appraised. The primary outcome was days to hematologic recovery, defined as neutrophilic rise to >0.5 x 109/L. Data were treated as continuous data, obtaining the standard mean difference through a Forrest Plot using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: Five of the studies were non-concurrent cohort, while one was a randomized clinical trial. The duration of the studies was from 1970s to 2014. Age range of the population was from 8 to 87 years old, with more females. G-CSF dose ranged from 75 to 300ug/day, injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Primary outcome measured common to all the studies included hematologic recovery. Five of the six studies showed shorter number of days to hematologic recovery for the treatment group compared to the control group (with a standardized mean difference of 1 day, confidence interval (CI) of 0.45 to 1.54). Conclusion: Exogenous G-CSF administration in ATD agranulocytosis contributed to faster hematologic recovery in terms of days, shortening recovery by a mean of 1 day. References: 1. Tamai, H., et al. Treatment of methimazole-induced agranulocytosis using recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;77(5):1356-1360. 2. Andres, E., et al. Haematopoietic growth factor in antithyroid-drug-induced agranulocytosis. Q J Med. 2001;94:423-428. 3. Fukata, S., Kuma, K., Sugawara, M. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) does not improve recovery from antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis: a prospective study. Thyroid. 1999;9(1):29-31. 4. Tajiri, J., Noguchi, S. Antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis: how has granulocyte colony-stimulating factor changed therapy? Thyroid. 2005;15(3):292-297. 5. Watanabe, N., et al. Antithyroid drug-induced hematopoietic damage: a retrospective cohort study of agranulocytosis and pancytopenia involving 50,385 patients with Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(1):E49-E53. 6. Clauna-Lumanta, M.M., Yao, C., Bolinao, J.F. The effects of GCSF on the recovery time and duration of hospitalization in patients with anti-thyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis in a tertiary hospital. JAFES. 2016;31(2):131-136.


A key of the Clustering with Obstructed Distance(COD) problem is solving the shortest distance between two points in the presence of obstacles.Aiming at this problem,this paper presents the concept of edge visible points,and proposes a solution to the problem.It departs from the point,and finds edge visible points on the set of obstructions,and sequential connects these points.It forms a shortest path along upper edge and a shortest path along lower edge,the final shortest path is the shorter of the two.Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the method.


In the majority of the developing countries, the relative scarcity of water is accompanied by a continuous deterioration of its quality. The article proposes some reflexions on the implication of the sector deprived in the management of the supply water in the developing countries. The analysis is centered mainly on the social implications and the limits in order to check if privatization contributes to the widening of the access to water. At this end, several examples of cases are presented which support the conclusions presented in the last section of the article.


Background: The Nagpur Metro rail project workers are involved in heavy activities like pulling, pushing, lifting heavy loads and other heavy tasks. This makes them susceptible to Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)/symptoms.
Aim and objectives: To find out the presence of work related musculoskeletal symptoms in Metro workers in Nagpur city using Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire.
Methods: 120 workers falling, in the age range of 20 to 45 years and involved in labor work were included using the convenient sampling method. Samples were excluded if they have recent fractures or surgery, any neurological conditions or who were not willing to participate. Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire was explained to each and every worker in their vernacular language.
Results and Conclusion: The result showed that there is multiple region involvement among the subjects. The most affected region was found to be upper back followed by low back, knee, shoulder, neck.

Keywords: Metro Rail Workers, Work related Musculoskeletal Disorders.


A modal finding in prior research has been that attitude toward the advertisement (AAd) outperforms brand beliefs in explaining brand attitude. The author shows that when beliefs are covered more comprehensively (so that image attributes are included in addition to the usual utilitarian attributes), the role of beliefs as predictors is enhanced. Consequently, the nonredundant contribution of attitude toward the ad is reduced. New issues are raised about the interrelationships among brand beliefs, AAd, and brand attitude, and directions for future research to address these issues are suggested.


Two kinds of scorpion neurotoxic polypeptide α like anti mammal toxin(BmKⅠ) and depressant insect selective toxin(BmK IT2) were radiolabeled. Both radiolabeled derivatives were administrated to mice by means of either intraperitoneal or intravenous injection. It was found the highest radioactivity in the kidney, more or less radioactivity in the blood, liver, spleen, lung, diaphragm, heart and leg muscle, whereas little radioactivity in the brain of mouse. The results suggested that the long chain scorpion neurotoxins be eliminated mainly through kidney, and lacked ability to penetrate the blood brain barrier.


OBJECTIVES
To assess the practicability of caring strategies which rely on the subjective resources and insights of nursing personnel in the management of behavioral problems of the elderly.

METHODS
Following the indications of a training session, the nurses in charge of a residential geriatric department have been invited to express, through brief written accounts, their point of view on: 1. the definition(s) of behavioral problems; 2. the strategies adopted before or with or in the place of psychotropic drugs; 3. the experience gained from significative responses to non-pharmacological treatments.

RESULTS
All the narratives by individual participants are reported to document, through the variability of their languages, concepts, interventions, the need as well as the possibilities of caring behaviors, where listening attitudes are practiced, thus allowing also a better awareness of original role opportunities.

CONCLUSIONS
Narrative practices can usefully be incorporated into caring duties and contexts, and represent an important training tool, specifically relevant for the grey areas of medicine.


We investigate the existence and the boundary regularity of source-type self-similar solutions to the thin-film equation $h_t=-(h^nh_{zzz})_z+(h^{n+3})_{zz},$ $ t>0,\, z\in \R;\, h(0,z)= \M \delta$ where $n\in (3/2,3),\, \M > 0$ and $\delta$ is the Dirac mass at the origin. It is known that the leading order expansion near the edge of the support coincides with that of a travelling-wave solution for the standard thin-film equation: $h_t=-(h^nh_{zzz})_z$. In this paper we sharpen this result, proving that the higher order corrections are analytic with respect to three variables: the first one is just the spacial variable, whereas the second and third (except for $n = 2$) are irrational powers of it. It is known that this third order term does not appear for the thin-film equation without gravity.


Early one Sunday in 1948, Frederic Vercoe set out from his home in San Marino, California, for a speaking engagement in downtown Los Angeles. Perhaps he took the Arroyo Seco Parkway, which had opened for drivers 8 years before, linking the city more tightly with its "vast agglomerate of suburbs." Although the roads may have changed, Vercoe had been making some version of this commute for decades. He had recently retired after a long career with the Los Angeles County Public Defender—13 years as a deputy, followed by 19 years as head of the office—and now maintained a small private law practice downtown. Many mornings, Vercoe would have had business at the Hall of Justice, the ten-story box of "gray California granite" that housed the jails and courtrooms. On this particular morning, he was headed instead to Clifton's Cafeteria at Seventh Street and Broadway. Perhaps, as he drove the dozen miles west into the city, he admired the "geraniums, cosmos, sweet peas, asters and marigolds" that lined the "gardens, parkways, and driveways," or perhaps he was used to the foliage by now. Vercoe had lived in California for more than 30 years, making him, by West Coast standards, a real "old-timer."


This paper crystallises out some key findings of knowledge management practices from a Finnish survey on the insurance industry. 15 Finnish insurance companies of different sizes and product portfolios are studied. We propose a model of the functioning of a knowledge sharing organization. Knowledge sharing is effective, when the learning organization metaphor is well implemented into the organization. Knowledge sharing is present in a more formal environment, in the business processes, and in a more open human interaction, the existence of which we call intellectual capital. Intellectual capital is born in the process of communication, which needs to be a core competence of a knowledge sharing organization. Communication as a core competence can exist, when there is enough of personal knowledge, human capital, an ICT infrastructure to support the communication process, and enough of organizational slack. Our analysis shows that effective knowledge sharing is in a positive correlation to business success.


This paper proposes a new error metric: discrete curvature error metric to generate the LOD meshes. Discrete curvature is a new formalized curvature as simplification criterion. It can represent surface shape well and be computed with geometric attributes, not any smooth approximation. Our new error metric is based on the discrete curvature so that LOD can be generated precisely, and controlled efficiently. Also it can be used a global error metric, and increase the accuracy of each level's simplified model. We suggest that LOD should be generated not by a simplification ratio but by an error metric, because level of detail means the degree of closeness between original and simplified models. Error metric based on discrete curvature can generate the LOD meshes which are recognizable explicitly with each level and preserve overall appearance of its original model.


Objective Expression of MGMT and mtP53 was detected immunohistochemically in esophageal cancer tissue to found out the relation between them in esophageal carcinogenesis.Methods P53 and MGMT were observed by Envision immunohistochemistry method in 21 cases with normal epithelium,39 with hyperplasia,17 with dysplasia,12 with carcinoma in situ and 140 with invasive carcinoma.Results There was significant difference of the expression intensity of MGMT among the various categories of the esophageal tissue(F=3.022,p0.05).There was significant difference of expression positive rate(Х2=32.043,p0.01)and the expression intensity of P53 among the various categories of the esophageal tissue also had difference(F=16.18,p0.01).The expression of MGMT was negatively correlated with P53 in carcinoma tissue(rs=-0.415,p0.01).Conclusion The changes of the expression of MGMT and P53 may be correlated with the genesis of esophagus cancer.


In this manuscript, we accelerate the modified inertial Mann-like algorithm by involving Tikhonov regularization terms. Strong convergence for fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in real Hilbert spaces was discussed utilizing the proposed algorithm. Accordingly, the strong convergence of a forward–backward algorithm involving Tikhonov regularization terms was derived, which counts as finding a solution to the monotone inclusion problem and the variational inequality problem. Ultimately, some numerical discussions are presented here to illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.


Abstract Previously identified deeply incised valleys of the Upper Wilcox along the onshore mid-Texas Gulf Coast are renamed as non-generic canyons. The canyons have seven general characteristics. They incise two different stratigraphic horizons within the Upper Wilcox as defined by maximum flooding surfaces. Log cross sections and seismic data support their interpretation as incisions not lateral facies changes. They are predominately shale filled and extremely deep (up to 770 ft or 235 m near the shelf edge), cutting through the Yoakum maximum flooding surfaces below. They incise the shelf up to 12 mi (19 km) and are linked to slope canyons. On the slope they are in the company of slope-confined canyons. Shales of the canyons overtop the incisions. Finally, 3.1 mi (5 km) distant from the shelf edge, clinoforms fill the Anna Barre canyon. They initially downlap the base of the canyon, are primarily thick foresets (488 ft or 149 m) with dips of 7 degrees, similar to delta clinoforms. The have a rising clinoform trajectory that aggrades from 254 ft (77 m) to 98 ft (30 m) from the canyon top. The canyon fill facies include stacked shoreface sandstones, stacked canyon fill delta sandstone, channel sandstones, central basin (lagoonal) shales within the shelf portions of the canyon, and marine shales in the slope or outer portions of the canyons. The stacked shoreface sandstones are 240 ft (73 m) thick with the lowest sandstones further from the shelf edge than the uppermost sandstones. They are strike parallel, bar the canyon shelf entrance, and shale out where the canyon is deepest. The stacked canyon fill deltas consist of an areally small lower sequence and a more broadly deposited upper system. The base is 190 ft (58 m) from the top of the canyon. Channel sandstones have a meandering geometry, thicknesses up to 135 ft (41 m), and their base is some 310 ft (94 m) from the top of the canyon. Seismically they are one cycle thick with a flat top and bottom. High resistivity shales represent central basin fill (lagoonal) muds, whereas low resistivity shales are interpreted as marine shales. The canyon origin is proposed as a shelf incised submarine canyon. However, the canyon fill facies represent a relative sea level rise and transgression, implying a previous relative sea level fall within the canyon. Facies thicknesses indicate relative sea level changes in excess of those recently proposed for the Paleogene world ocean. The magnitude of isostatic rebound is not enough to explain this large relative change. Other explanations are needed, including consideration of recent proposals involving isolation of the Gulf of Mexico from the world ocean.


Dental healthcare is provided to Alaska Natives and all other Native Americans by the United States government as part of its unique legal and political relationship with the tribes. Although Alaska Natives do have some degree of access to dentists, they suffer from the worst dental health of any group in the United States. This crisis exists because of geographic, cultural, and economic constraints, and the dental profession has not acted sufficiently to address these constraints. To deal with this crisis, the federal government granted a special license for Dental Therapists to provide much needed care to Natives. Dental Therapists are a form of dental health professional somewhat analogous to a nurse practitioner and are used in many developed countries. This Note discusses the economic and legal foundations of professional regulation and explores the virtual monopoly that dentists have on the provision of dental care. It shows how Dental Therapists are a needed solution for addressing the Native dental health crisis and how their introduction will force the dental profession to more seriously address the nationwide need for enhanced access and availability of low-cost care for underserved populations.


Small particle size (46.6 nm) and monodisperse (P=0.1060.2) polystyrene particles was prepared using K_2S_2O_8 as initiator in the O/W microemulsion of H_2O-APG0810-ST. The influence of APG0810 concentration,initiator concentration and salt concentration on particle size and polydispersity of polystyrene has been discussed. The result is that the particle size become small (44.3 nm) with the APG0810 concentration increasing, and the monodispersity become weak; while with the salt concentration increasing the particle size become small(45.2 nm) , but when salt concentration is more than a certain concentration, the particle size has a tendency to big. The particle size become small(41.2 nm) with initiator concentration increasing.


In this study, an optimized post‐deposition heat treatment method is investigated to improve the electrical, optical, and structural properties of indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO) thin films applied to transparent electrodes in next‐generation displays. In order to improve the properties of ITO thin films, heat treatment is performed using conventional thermal annealing (CTA), rapid thermal annealing (RTA), and microwave annealing (MWA). To evaluate the effect of MWA on the ITO thin film, the electrical, optical, and structural characteristics of the thin film are analyzed and compared with those of the films annealed by traditional CTA and RTA. The results show that the electrical and optical characteristics of the ITO thin film improve with the increase in microwave power. In particular, the sheet resistance of the ITO thin film reduces to 4 × 102 Ω sq−1, despite the microwave power of 250 W and short heat treatment duration of 2.5 min by MWA. In addition, the optical transmittance of the ITO thin film in the visible region increases to 89.5%, superior to the transmittance before heat treatment of 87.5%.


     The research object is magmatic bodies from the southern, central and northern parts of the Bashkirian megazone (the Southern Urals, meridian length of the Bashkirian megazone - 300 km). Most of the study intrusions have the Riphean age. In the Riphean the Bashkirian megazone was part of the East European craton. And in the Late Paleozoic rocks of the Bashkirian megazone were involved in the collision process. The formation of most studies bodies is associated with the Mashak magmatic event (the Riphean), which marks the collapse of the super-continent Nuna.

     The Middle Paleozoic component was isolated in 28 bodies. Probably it is the secondary component, that is widespread on the Southern Urals and has been repeatedly identified by other researchers. Directions comparison from different districts showed that there was a rotation of the southern, northern and central blocks of Bashkirian megazone relative to each other during the Late Paleozoic collision. At the same time, paleomagnetic directions from the northern regions (which are about 40-50 km apart from each other) statistically coincide or differ not so much. Which means that they were stable or relatively stable.

     Besides, the Riphean component was isolated and the paleomagnetic pole for the boundary of the Lower and Middle Riphean of the East European Craton (1349+/-11 Ma) is calculated from 8 thin sheet intrusions. Plat=8.4; Plong=162.4; A95=4.1.


The course and experiment of automatic control principle is a supporting and foundational course to spread keystone,design means,project problem solution of automation control for different engineering majors.The traditional experiment of automatic control principle is just a verification and reproduction of the basic principles,which cannot satisfy the needs of different engineering majors,nor can it train students' ability of engineering practice.This experimental system enrichs and updates the experimental mode,and makes the students of automation and other engineering majors have the outstanding ability of solving engineering problems.


Image retrieval has been an active research field and classified as concept-based and content-based image retrieval systems. One of the key challenges is to design indexing technique for fast and accurate retrieval of images. Unsupervised techniques are more practical due to its learning binary codes property. Hashing based methods highly depends on the quality of hash functions and constructing effective hash functions is a challenging task. This paper presents a detailed study of recent hashing based techniques for analysis of the future scope research in hashing based indexing techniques.


Abstract Background and Objective: Synthetic dyes are prevalent pollutants and one of the most resistant pollutants in the environment. Developing a simple and effective method to destroy non-biodegradable pollutants is one of the major challenges in environmental studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the polyaniline/ wheat bran composite in the removal of acid red 18 dyes from aqueous solutions.Method: In this study, removal of acid red 18 from aqueous solution using wheat born loaded by polyaniline was investigated. For this purpose, composite synthesized through in-situ polymerization processes. Adsorption experiments were performed in batch system at laboratory scale .The effects of various parameters including the amount of adsorbent, pH, initial concentration, temperature, and contact time on adsorption were studied. Further kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed on the data.Findings: The highest absorption rate by 0.1 g of adsorbent was equal to 100% at pH =2 of the solution after 2-hour contact with absorbent. The results show that the kinetic pseudo-second-order model fits the data. The experimental data were adjusted with Langmuir model.Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, a simple, economical, and efficient method wasPresented to remove biodegradation-resistant pollutants using polyaniline/wheat bran composite.


In his search for plays to include in his anthology, Modern Jewish Plays, editor Jason Sherman didn't start out with a sense of how these plays would come together under a common theme. What he discovered was something quite exciting. All the playwrights share "an interest in writing politically-charged plays about a tiny piece of land in a part of the world that has been, for the last half-century, the source of so much misery for the people who live in it, and the source of much commentary from those who don't" (363). The plays that follow feature a discussion and debate about violence, identity and responsibility that are blatantly missing from Canadian stages. Each play beautifully dramatizes the intricacies and complexities of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict without shielding the audience from its violence or offering a resolution. With the exception of Hand in Hand, all the plays share an emphasis on the overt theatricality of the stage and its capacity to blend and blur distinctions between fiction and reality. These conventions become the means by which the politics are foregrounded so that the audience is engaged and complicit with the action both onstage and in the outside world.


This study considers active vibration control of a multi-story structure which consists of bar-connected masses repeated in the vertical direction with active mass drivers installed on the top. As an alternative to the vibration mode approach, the traveling wave approach is applied. To implement the impedance matching controller which is proposed for a damped mass-spring system, the loop shaping design procedure is used to consider the dynamics of the actuator and the sensor noise. The designed controller has similar properties of the impedance matching controller, that is, it is efficient for the disturbance at any position and the towers with any stories. Experimental results are shown to evaluate efficiency.


This paper presents a method for contour lines recognition from scanned military topographical maps. It is a difficult process, since contour lines are always overlapped or intersected with others information, and aliasing and false colors induced by the scanning process. The proposed method overcomes these difficulties using a multi-step process. First, a segmentation feature set is developed to compensate color aliasing and false colors. Next, contour lines are extracted by a relaxation algorithm, which combine spatial and color space information to get more reliable result. Finally, the resulting binary image is thinned and then geometric properties of contour line are used to match and connect broken parts. The approach is tested successfully on a number of common-conditioned military topographic maps.


We commonly explain certain occurrences in the natural world, on the basis of a shared stock of information available to the non-specialised layman as well as to the natural scientist. That shared stock of information is our folk physics. The snow melted because spring had finally come; the car was wrecked because it was hit by a bus; the match lit because it was struck. Such explanations are, or appear to be, causal explanations. Many of our other folk explanations may be noncausal explanations, but I consider only the former sort. I assume, following Davidson, that laws are strict, i.e., exceptionless. If it is a deterministic law that Fs are Gs, then every F without exception must be a G. If it is a stochastic law that Pr(G, F)=p, where O<p<1, then, for any finite sample, s, it may well be that the proportion of Fs in s which are Gs may not be exactly p. However, as one examines Fs indefinitely, the proportion which are found to be Gs will tend to p, and in the limit, the proportion of Fs which are Gs will be


The relationship between pre-flowering climatic conditions and sugary disease incidence was quantified in grain and forage sorghum genotypes at two sowing periods (mid November and mid December). The trials were carried out over the 2001/02 and 2002/03 growing seasons, in Lages, Santa Catarina State. Four commercial male-fertile sorghum hybrids (BR 600-forrage, BR 700-grain, BR 701-forage/silage and BR 800-forage) and one male-sterile inbred line (BR 001-A) were evaluated. When each genotype reached the flowering stage, 50 panicles were marked and sprayed with a suspension of Claviceps africana (1,000 spores mL-1). Air temperature, humidity and rainfall were recorded through out the growing cycle. Low temperatures three to four weeks prior to flowering, increased susceptibility. At both sowing periods, average night temperatures lower than 15°C during the critical period of pre-flowering turned the fertile hybrids as susceptible as the male-sterile inbred to ergot infection. The tested hybrids differed in their ability to tolerate pre-flowering cold stress. Seed set in uninoculated heads under pollination bags was also reduced, suggesting that increased susceptibility to sugary disease was the result of low temperature induced sterility.


For a growing number of applications in nonlinear spectroscopy, micro- and nano-machining, optical data processing, metrology or medicine, an adaptive shaping of ultrashort pulsed, ultrabroadband laser beams into propagation-invariant linear focal zones (light blades) is required. One example is the femtosecond laser high-speed large area nanostructuring with moving substrates and cylindrical optics we reported about recently. Classical microoptical systems, however, distort the temporal pulse structure of few cycle pulses by diffraction and dispersion. The temporal pulse transfer can be improved with innovative types of reflective MEMS axicons based on two integrated rectangular mirrors, tilted by a piezoelectric bending actuator. In contrast to pixelated liquid-crystal-on-silicon (LCoS) based devices, cutoff frequencies in multi-kilohertz range, a purely reflective setup and continuous profiles with larger phase shift are realized which enable for shaping extended propagation-invariant zones at a faster and more robust operation. Additionally, a fixed phase offset can be part of the structure. Here, the performance of a prototype of linear mechanically tunable MEMS axicon is demonstrated by generating a pseudo-nondiffracting line focus of variable diameter and depth extension from a femtosecond laser pulse. The temporal transfer of 6-fs pulses of a Ti:sapphire laser oscillator is characterized with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER) and spatially resolved nonlinear autocorrelation. Spatial and temporal self-reconstruction properties were studied. The application of the flexible focus to the excitation of plasmon-polaritons and the self-organized formation of coherently linked deep sub-wavelength laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) in semiconductors and dielectrics is reported.


The effects of mold and melt temperatures on weld line lengths on digital TV underprop of polypropylene(PP),polystyrene(PS),and polycarbonates(PC)were studied by simulation using MoldFlow software.It was found that when mold temperature was lower than polymer's flow tempera- ture,weld line lengths for PP and PC were sharply shortened with increasing mold temperature,but the weld line lengths of PS were not shortened obviously.When the mold temperature was higher than flow temperature of PS,weld line lengths of PS were shortened rapidly with increasing mold temperature. When the mold temperature was higher than melt injection temperature,no apparent change in weld line length was observed.By raising melt temperature,weld line lengths for PS and PC could be shortened, and yet the effect was much less obvious compared with increasing mold temperature.When melts met head-to-head,it was difficult to eliminate weld line by either increasing mold temperature or melt temperature.


In a 1787 address at the University of Altdorf, Johann P. Gabler sought to differentiate "biblical theology," which he took to mean "what the holy writers felt about divine matters," and "dogmatic theology" that asks "what each theologian philosophises rationally about divine things, according to the measure of his ability or of the times, age, place, sect, school, and other similar factors."1 In making this pioneering distinction, Gabler argued that the practitioner of biblical theology explores the original meaning of content in Scripture and does not assume every passage to be normative for contemporary theology and ethics. At the same time, Gabler claimed that certain passages and declarations in the Bible have a timeless quality that transcends their particular circumstances, "those pure notions which divine providence wished to be characteristic of all times and places."2


Based on classic Fisсher reaction a new heterocyclic system - 3H-pyrrolo [3,2-c] – phenothiazine is developed and spectral characteristics are studied.


Introduction1 In the growing body of metadata literature, the practitioners, researchers, and educators contributing to it have addressed metadata practice almost exclusively in terms of the metadata itself. This attention to the objects of metadata work has certainly been necessary at such an early stage in the development of metadata practice, in order to allow those engaged in it to share and establish optimum strategies for creating and manipulating metadata that best serves the users of the resources it describes. But perhaps now is an opportune time to step back from a metadata-centric approach in order to shift focus away from the objects of metadata work and instead toward metadata practice as practice, as a specialty that has distinct characteristics. Exploring the work of metadata practitioners in this way and at this time is warranted for three primary reasons. First, as already noted, the metadata literature is maturing and thus offers a rich resource upon which to build a study of metadata practice; second, digital resources and the metadata used to access and manage them are continuing to grow in importance to information seekers worldwide; and, third, because of this growth, more


One of the most devastating consequences of hypertension is stroke resulting from brain hemorrhage. These acute situations generate some of the highest blood pressure (BP) readings. Despite impressive levels of BP, we are often reluctant to treat these patients with BPlowering drugs for three reasons. First is the concern that the area around the hemorrhage, called the penumbra, is in jeopardy of ischemia, and BP reduction might tip it more towards ischemia and extend the consequences of the stroke. Second, thrombolytic therapy, which requires a systolic BP <185 mm Hg to be given safely, is not an issue since that would worsen this presentation. Finally, there simply wasn't evidence to demonstrate benefit in this situation until recently, when the pilot study Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT), which assessed the effectiveness of early intensive BP-lowering targeting lower systolic BP (SBP) levels of <140 mm Hg in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), showed less growth in the size of the brain hematoma at 72 hours in patients assigned to a lower (<140 mm Hg) compared with a higher (<180 mm Hg) in-hospital BP goal. Building on this original study, the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial 2 (INTERACT2) was recently conducted. INTERACT2 was a large multicenter international prospective randomized open treatment trial. Patients with spontaneous acute ICH within the previous 6 hours were randomized to receive either intensive treatment to lower BP to a target SBP of <140 mm Hg within 1 hour vs guideline-recommended treatment of SBP <180 mm Hg. The BP level was maintained for the next 7 days after randomization. The agents used to lower BP were left to the discretion of the treating physician. The main outcome at 90 days was death or major disability using a Rankin scale, where a score of 0 indicates no symptoms/disabilities, 5 indicates severe disability, and 6 indicates death. A prespecified ordinal analysis of a modified Rankin score was also performed. The analysis showed a 13% improvement in the modified Rankin score with intensive treatment (odds ratio for greater disability, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.77–1.00; P=.04). Rate of mortality was 11.9% in the group receiving intensive treatment and 12.0% in the group receiving guideline-recommended treatment. Nonfatal serious adverse events occurred in 23.3% and 23.6% of the patients in the two groups, respectively. Episodes of severe hypotension were similar in both groups and occurred in <1% of participants. The difference in hematoma growth between groups was not significant. What this says to us is that (1) it appears to be safe to lower the systolic BP within about 6 hours of an ICH, and (2) there may be a small benefit to doing so in terms of symptoms and disabilities following stroke, bearing in mind that many (two thirds) of the participants were Chinese and that the main drug used was urapidil (an a1 adrenoceptor and serotonin blocker), which is not available in the United States. It will be important to frame INTERACT2 findings in the light of the ongoing trial being conducted in the United States—Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial II (ATACH)—which will compare treating the SBP to <140 mm Hg vs <180 mm Hg in patients with acute ICH using nicardipine as the agent of choice to lower BP. Some patience will be needed as the results are expected in 2016. In the meantime, there is some encouragement that managing high systolic pressures in the presence of an acute brain hemorrhage does not cause harm and may have some benefit.


For intelligent satellite system (ISS) to accomplish its missions, it has to adjust dynamically its operation according to future signal to noise ratio (SNR) value which can be estimated by using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. The ARIMA module takes the forecasted signal attenuation and real-time SNR values as the inputs and estimates the SNR values as the output. The ARIMA module will be updating the database with future SNR values in real-time for every one minute. This database will then be used by the ISS to achieve the most efficient operation mechanism.


Musical instrument identification has for long had a reputation of being one of the most ill-posed problems in the field of musical information retrieval. Despite several robust attempts made at solving the problem, a timeline spanning over the last five odd decades, the problem remains an open conundrum. In this work, we take on a further complex version of the traditional problem, we attempt to solve the problem with minimal data available - one audio excerpt per class. We propose to use a convolutional Siamese network and a residual variant of the same to identify musical instruments based on the corresponding scalograms of their audio excerpts. Results obtained for two publicly available datasets validate our algorithm, achieving over 80% accuracy with only 5 sets of training data. Moreover, our proposed architectures work for both spectrograms as well as scalograms, and exhibit improvements, albeit marginal (≃ 3%), for the later input class.


Field grading materials with nonlinear behaviour are used in many high voltage applications to avoid any stress concentration that can deteriorate the material performance. In the present work, the current-voltage characteristics of surface functionalized silicon carbide (SiC) flakes were studied and compared to untreated particles. The nonlinear behavior of SiC flakes can be described by transport mechanisms at the grain contact, which can be modeled by Schottky-like barriers. The influence of the organic surface layer on the conduction mechanisms and the corresponding electrical properties were evaluated. In addition, physico-chemical analysis, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), optical microscopy and zeta-potential measurements were accomplished in order to analyze the surface properties of the SiC flakes, prior to and after surface modification.


Treatment of established hemorrhagic shock, produced in anesthetized dogs by a standardized technique, with chlorpromazine (2.5 mg./kg.) and/or hypothermia (immersion cooling: 25 °C.) did not incre...


The current article is an exploration of the construction and development of teacher identities at the tertiary level in Pakistan. Identity is the sense of who one is as a professional, and it is becoming evident that it is important for teachers at all levels to develop a clear sense of identity which is at harmony with their inner sense of self and personal values. There is evidence that successful identity construction leads to better practices and high level of commitment to the profession.


We study real time correlators in strongly coupled = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on dS3 ? S1, with antiperiodic boundary conditions for fermions on the circle. When the circle radius is larger than a critical value, the dual geometry is the so-called ``topological AdS5 black hole''. Applying the Son-Starinets recipe in this background we compute retarded glueball propagators which exhibit an infinite set of poles yielding the quasinormal frequencies of the topological black hole. The imaginary parts of the propagators exhibit thermal effects associated with the Gibbons-Hawking temperature due to the cosmological horizon of the de Sitter boundary. We also obtain R-current correlators and find that after accounting for a small subtlety, the Son-Starinets prescription yields the retarded Green's functions. The correlators do not display diffusive behaviour at late times. Below the critical value of the circle radius, the topological black hole decays to the AdS5 ``bubble of nothing''. Using a high frequency WKB approximation, we show that glueball correlators in this phase exhibit poles on the real axis. The tunnelling from the black hole to the bubble is interpreted as a hadronization transition.


Vascular cognitive impairment(VCI) is a definition comprising subjects affected by any degree of cognitive impairment from cerebrovascular disease,ranging from mild cognitive impairment(MCI) to vascular dementia(VaD).Here is to make a review on the advances in VCI in the following areas: VCI definition,subtypes,prevalence,risk factors,assessment methods,diagnostic criteria,prevention,and symptomatic treatment,to intensify the consciousness of VCI to give earlier diagnosis,prevention and treatment of VCI,so as to delay the process from MCI to VaD.


Technology changes today more than it ever did in human history. Its impact is felt in all fields of human activity, particularly in education. This paper gives an account of some modern technologies, more or less available or potentially available, in educational institutions. Current uses are also briefly reviewed, as well as difficulties in their implementation and widespread adoption. These comments emphasize graphical calculators and computers.


Background: The northeast of Iran is one of the endemic regions of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HTLV-1 infection in northeast Iran, an endemic area for HTLV-1. Methods: In this case-control study, paraffin-embedded nasopharyngeal tissue samples of patients with definitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma were evaluated for the presence of the HTLV-1 genome by polymerase chain reaction retrospectively. Results: Thirty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 30 healthy people were evaluated. All participants were matched in terms of age and gender, and all were living in Mashhad. The HTLV-1 genome was detected in only one of the people in the healthy group. Conclusions: The HTLV-1 infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma did not correlate significantly.


Social media and companies. The consumer: communication, content creation and purchase intention. Social media as drivers of consumer's intentions: word of mouth and consumer engagement.


Formation of nanoparticles during laser ablation of a bulk iron target in water and isopropyl alcohol by pulsed near-IR laser radiation has been experimentally investigated. The experiments were performed using a 3-ns neodymium laser and a 100-ns ytterbium fibre laser. A size distribution function is obtained for the nanoparticles, which is peaking near 15 nm. The diffraction patterns of the nanoparticles exhibit pronounced peaks of metallic iron. An analysis of the nanoparticles by transmission electron microscopy shows that in some cases they have a core — shell structure. The nanoparticles formed by laser ablation have pronounced magnetic properties. The absorption spectra of colloids with iron nanoparticles contain peaks, which presumably correspond to the electron plasmon resonance in these particles.


Design of a tuneable filter-phase shifter is presented. Thin ferroelectric film varactors are used to provide voltage tuneable phase shift in a silicon coplanar waveguide (CPW). Varactors with zero bias capacitance 0.17pF, loss tangent tan/spl delta/-0.04 and 20% tuneability provide continuous voltage tuneable phase shift up to 90/spl deg//spl plusmn/5/spl deg/ at 19 GHz with 10% bandwidth. The figure of merit is about 30/spl deg//dB. The sizes of the phase shifter silicon chip are less than 2/spl times/5.5mm. The phase shifter is designed for possible integration in silicon MMICs.


The article considers social work as a specific socio-cultural mechanism that promotes positive social changes and harmonious social development. Some approaches to defining the essence of the concept and the role of social work in modern reality are presented. The main levels of social work implementation — individual, group and community one — are considered. It is emphasized that in the conditions of modern reality, there is a need to realize the potential of social work.


The Turkish financial markets have been in turmoil due to the adverse shocks that have originated from both global financial conditions and its domestic political environment. These shocks — especially those caused by the recent political tension in August 2018 — have resulted in a large depreciation in the Turkish lira and a significant increase in Turkey's country risk premium. This study empirically investigates the macroeconomic consequences of the recent shocks, i.e., the effects of the August depreciation and the recent jump in the risk premium, by estimating a vector autoregression model with monthly data from January 1997 to October 2018. We find that the recent adverse shocks — exchange rate, country risk premium, political risk, and external financial shocks — bring serious macroeconomic consequences, such as a recession and high inflation. To mitigate these adverse effects, policy makers should take immediate measures to restore the investors' confidence. These measures, in turn, can help to decrease Turkey's country risk premium and stabilize the Turkish lira.


In Chapter 10 we explored series of constant terms ∞ n=1 a n = a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + · · ·. In this chapter we next analyze series with variable terms, i.e., terms which are functions of a variable such as x. As we will see, perhaps the most naturally arising variable series are the power series: Definition 11.0.1 A power series centered at x = a is a series of the form


The Sabin equation relates reverberation time to room volume and absorption. If an acoustic source of known power is placed in a room, the absorption is also related to the power per bandwidth, volume, and pressure. Combining the Sabin equation with the power equation and solving for reverberation time yields a relationship for reverberation time as a function of volume, pressure, and the power of the source. This approach has been reported to deviate from the decay method at low frequency. In a laboratory reverberation room, it yielded reasonable results in the frequency range of interest in classrooms. Reasonable results were also achieved in real classrooms in the 500‐ to 2000‐Hz frequency range. Based on these findings, it may be possible to make acceptable reverberation time measurements in less time with less sophisticated instrumentation than the decay method.


Cigarette smoking is linked to breast cancer, particularly in young women. However, the exact mechanism is unknown. We have recently established that TSPO is an important biomarker for breast cancer; its expression is increased with an increase in aggressiveness of cancer. The present study investigates whether exposure of mainstream (MS) as well as Sidestream (SS) cigarette smoke induces TSPO‐mediated cell proliferation and migration in a variety of human breast cancer epithelial cell lines and if so whether PK11195, a TSPO antagonist can counteract these effects. Human breast cancer cell lines (MCF10, MCF 12A and MCF 12F) were grown in DMEM/F‐12 and exposed to either MS or SS smoke generated from 1R3F cigarettes in a THRI MS‐SS smoke exposure machine using the modified version of CULTEX cell culture smoke exposure system. A sham control (SH) group was also used where cells were exposed to the same environmental condition without smoke exposure. Induction of cell proliferation and migration was observed at low doses of smoke whereas cellular apoptosis was observed at high doses in all cell lines regardless of MS and SS exposure. A combination of immunohistochemical, Western blot and receptor binding studies revealed an over‐expression of TSPO in all cell lines by both MS and SS smoke. Furthermore, both MS and SS smoke caused a higher level of TSPO in nuclei associated with an increase in nuclear cholesterol transport. The proliferation and migration was controlled when treated with PK11195, suggesting a therapeutic potential of PK11195 in controlling smoke induced breast cancer development. ( Supported by FAMRI Clinical Innovator Award # 062415).


The suspension system plays a crucial role of the rail vehicles. The fault diagnosis of the suspension system is an effective way to ensure the security, stable operation of rail vehicles. In this paper, a distributed fault diagnosis method is proposed. This paper concerns the fault diagnosis issue of rail vehicle suspension systems with the extended form of dynamic principle components analysis, distributed dynamic principle components analysis (Distributed DPCA). The signal information used in the fault diagnosis is obtained from the SIMPACK and MATLAB co-simulation environment. In this paper, the typical primary spring and secondary damper faults are diagnosis successfully using Distributed DPCA. For each suspension subsystem, DPCA is applied and the detection results are co-operated mainly by the distributed relation of the subsystems. The statistical index SPE and T2 are applied to monitor the performance of suspension system and the distributed analysis are used to handle the fault isolation problem. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the simulation results for several fault scenarios.


I wonder if Dennis Ray, founding Editor of Journal of Management (JOM), knew just how timeless of a statement he was making in his editorial comments published in JOM's inaugural issue, or the tremendous growth and impact JOM would have in the proceeding 40 years. The same could be asked of Arthur Bedeian, when he moved the journal from a regional to a national stage. . . . or Jerry Hunt, when he launched the Yearly Review of Management (later called the Annual Review, now called the Review Issue). . . . or David Van Fleet and Ricky Griffin, when they accepted two of the most highly cited papers the field of management has ever known (see Table 1). . . . or Micki Kacmar, who, in an Editor emeritus role and on behalf of the Southern Management Association (SMA), led the contract negotiation leading to our long-standing (and highly fruitful) relationship with SAGE Publications. . . . or Russell Cropanzano and Talya Bauer, who brought JOM to a prominent, international stage and launched a period of rapid growth and increased impact. Table 2 lists all JOM past Editors, each of whom has made unique and long-lasting contributions to the history of JOM and the field of management at large.1 On this, JOM's 40th birthday, it feels right to take a moment to note just how far the journal has come. Since 1975, JOM has grown in all possible ways, including the number


The report gives results of an analysis of typical wet scrubber models to determine the effects of surface tension on particle removal efficiency. Particle capture (removal) is a two-step process: collision of a particle with a spray droplet, and coalescence with the droplet. A change in surface tension of the scrubber water can influence both steps. The coalescence process (after a particle collides with a scrubber droplet) has been described by a film-thinning model that assumes that coalescence is controlled by the thinning rate of an air or vapor layer trapped between an impacting particle and droplet. If the film thins and ruptures before the particle rebounds, coalescence occurs. The thinning model predicts that a reduction in droplet surface tension allows deeper particle penetration into the droplet. The escaping vapor film therefore has a longer more resistive path, resulting in longer thinning times, thus reduced coalescence probability. When the surface tension of a scrubber liquid is modified, collection efficiency may be slightly improved or degraded depending on the spray droplet sizes and the sizes of particles being removed.


Stabilizing and improving product quality, manufacturing lead time, cost, and overall energy efficiency, calls for continuous reviewing of current state of the art technologies in each field of interest. The past year has seen a new set of capabilities presented for controlling the processing atmosphere in Hot Isostatic Pressing. This reduces discoloration and oxidation of part surfaces after HIP/HPHT processing, improving mechanical strength and chemical consistency of difficult to machine surfaces and visual appearance of surfaces not to be machined. As the HIP process continuously is developed to present new, and improved tools in the engineer's toolbox, this presentation aims to summarize the capabilities of current state-of-the-art, high pressure heat treatment, HPHTTM, for HIP equipment and reference recent work showing how this functionality is and can be used to further improve components as produced by current PM (Powder Metallurgy) manufacturing processes.


Wireless reprogramming in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is the process of uploading a new code image or relevant commands to sensor nodes or changing the functionality of existing code. As a WSN is usually deployed in hostile environments, so for security reasons every code update must be authenticate to prevent an opponent from installing malicious code in the network. A secure and distributed reprogramming protocol named SDRP is the first distributed reprogramming protocol for WSNs. SDRP is based on distributed reprogramming approach that allows multiple authorized network users to simultaneously and directly reprogram sensor nodes without involving the base station. However, in this paper, the identity-based signature scheme has been chosen, which is significantly more efficient than all known IBS schemes and requires less computation cost, and the size of signatures is approximate 160 bits which is the shortest identity-based signatures generated so far. Thus in order to further improve the security and efficiency of SDRP, identity-based short signature scheme can be directly employed in SDRP.


The geostationary orbit (GEO), which is an ideal orbit for communication and earth observation satellites, is accumulating an increasing number of spacecraft. Lack of atmospheric drag keeps the ...


With the increasing of the classroom content and the amount of information,the efficiency of Chinese teaching put forward higher requirements.This article believe that increasing the effectiveness of language teaching,need to achieve three aspect:teachers are the key and core,students are participants and end,teacher-student relationship is a bridge.


The vegetation in Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province was typical temperate desert with 543 species desert spermatophyte from 228 genera,55 families.In some areas,the vegetation was under degradation.The dominant family phenomenon with the characteristics of a few big families and many small families was quite obvious.There were 10 dominant families,including Chenopodiaceae,Leguminosae,Gramineae,Compositae,Cruciferae,Polygonum,Caryophyllaceae,Ranunculaceae,Zygophyllaceae and Tamaricaceae.Meanwhile,there were 6 typical families,including Ephedraceae,Tamaricaceae,Elaeagnaceae,Zygophyllaceae,Chenopodiaceae and Polygonum.According to the geographical element of family,there were 6 areal types in this area.The world areal type was the most abundant(23 families),which respectively occupied 41.82% and 76.80% of the total number of family and species in this area.The temperate species took the second place,including the tropical,subtropical and temperate species from 23 families and they respectively occupied 41.82% and 19.53% of the total number of family and genera in this area.Tropical and subtropical species were quite rare(only 9 families) and they respectively occupied 16.36% and 3.67% of the total number of family and genera in this area.The perennial herbaceous species and shrubs were the dominant in terms of plant life type,it could reflect the mutual adaptive characteristics between vegetation distribution and local climate.


The biosynthesis of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has been the subject of conflicting speculation and numerous reviews. The currently accepted scheme for the aflatoxin pathway is based on data obtained from feeding studies using isotopically labelled precursors. In these studies the conversion of possible intermediate metabolites to AFBl by mutants of Aspergillus parasiticus illustrated their role as biogenetic precursors. Currently there is now agreement on the identity of most of the intermediate Illetabolites involved in the biosynthesis of AFB1. However, there is a lack of clarity on the details of AFB1 biosynthesis including the conversion of sterigmatocystin (ST) to AFB1 via the metabolite O-methylsterigmatocystin (OMST). There is no clear cut evidence of the metabolic role of OMST, i.e., either it is a compulsory intermediate or a shunt metabolite and hence part of a metabolic grid.
In order to investigate this step in AFBl biosynthesis, ST was isolated from surface cultures of A. versicolor (M1101) and purified by silica gel column chromatography and repeated recrystallisation. Sterigmatocystin was characterised by thin layer chromatography (t.1.c.), low resolution mass spectrometry (M.S) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (N.M.R). A series of seven derivatives of the free hydroxyl group of ST were synthesised by known chemical reactions, purified by silica gel column chromatography and characterised by high resolution mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
A high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed using a fluorescence detector. The optimum parameters for the separation of the four major aflatoxins, namely AFBl, AFB2, AFGl and AFG2, using trifluoroacetic acid as the derivatising reagent, were obtained for a reversed phase Prodigy C18 column with a mobile phase of water: acetonitrile: isopropanol: acetic acid (8: 1: 0.5: 0.5, v/v).
Feeding studies, using whole cells of A. parasiticus (WhI-11-105), showed that ST and the ST derivatives were converted to AFB1. A time courser study for the conversion of ST and selected ST derivatives to AFB1 indicated a decrease in the rate of conversion in the order: a-propyl sterigmatocystin (OPROST) > a-ethyl sterigmatocystin > a-methylsterigmatocystin > Sterigmatocystin> a-benzoyl sterigmatocystin (OBzST). It was apparent that the "enzyme" responsible for the conversion of the derivatives to AFB1 did not display a high degree of substrate specificity, since it was unable to recognize the difference between the various alkyl groups, either as ether or ester functional groups.
An HPLC method was developed using a diode array detector. The optimum parameters for the separation of aflatoxin metabolites and the synthesised derivatives were obtained for a reversed phase Lichrosphere RP-I8 column with a 30 minute gradient elution program with water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase.
Crude cell-free extracts were prepared by lyophilisation of the mycelia of A. parasiticus (Whl-11l-105) with phosphate buffer. The temperature and…


Results of the monitoring of the Sinai Baton Blue butterfly in its stronghold of Farsh Shoeib on Gebel Safsafa in the St Katherine Protectorate between 2004-9 is analysed to compare them with the detailed study of Mike James in 2002-3. The butterfly appears to have a three-year population cycle, with its population crashing regularly to very low levels. The conservation implications are discussed.


Studying the reliability and robustness of some components, in particular wide band gap (WBG) devices, under severe conditions such as short-circuits, is an important issue. Among this WBG is the SiC, which is presently one of the dominant power switching devices in renewable energy converters such as photovoltaic and automotive power electronic converters. This paper presents aging tests of SiC MOSFET from CREE subjected to repetitive short-circuit operations. The experimental tests are detailed. The evolution of the electrical static characterizations (drain current Id and gate-source voltage Vgs waves), before and after aging, is presented. Furthermore, the repetitive short-circuit aging effect on electrical parameters (threshold voltage Vth, on-state resistance Rdson and Igss gate and Idss drain leakage currents) is carried out.


The quality and efficiency of classroom teaching have been improved significantly with the multi media aided teaching applied in the course teaching of Politics. Applying multi media aided teaching method should be in accordance with certain rules, thus teaching process can be optimized, and it can exert a positive influence on quality oriented education.


This study aims to carry out final projects that were designed and coded within the scope of Software Engineering Final Project course in accordance with design-based research and observe the process hereof. Students developed their final projects pursuant to design-based research within the framework of a study that lasted for 8 weeks in total in spring term 2017-2018. Having been developed by relevant researchers, observation and control form were used in the study as data gathering tools. Processes of these projects that were developed via these forms were recorded on a weekly basis. Throughout this study, in which totally 8 students participated and 5 projects were created, the whole process of "Which one is your choice?", a mobile application development project, was described. All stages of design and realization of this project, in which Mobile-D software development method was used, were revealed in detail. This study describes the details of a design-based research process which was operated on a real software project. The result of the study casts light upon effective utility of this method in project-based courses particularly in software engineering education and generally in engineering education.


9 The use of modifiers to improve the performance of asphalt materials when subjected to 10 loading and climate effects has become an increasingly common practice in Brazil. Among the 11 modifiers, the natural Trinidad Lake Asphalt (TLA) has characteristics that improve pavement 12 performance. The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of asphalt binders and 13 mixtures modified by different TLA contents, i.e., 15%, 25%, and 50%. It is intended to verify 14 whether the minimum amount of TLA specified by the national standard DNIT 168 is sufficient 15 for the modification of a conventional binder. The base binder and three TLA-modified binders 16 were tested in a Dynamic Shear Rheometer to characterize their rheological behavior. The 17 rheological index parameters GR and R value of these binders were also estimated to assess aging 18 and cracking characteristics. Four asphalt mixtures were designed and their resistance to 19 permanent deformation was evaluated. Results indicate that the addition of TLA stiffens the base 20 binder and improves rutting resistance. The cracking resistance of the material is not necessarily 21 affected by the stiffening effect provided by the TLA, especially if a proper amount is added to the 22 virgin binder. 23 24


This article introduces the test data and analysis of domestic durable resistance depressant for earthed system used in more than ten years. This resistance depressant provides a effective method for earthed system in mountain area and semi-mounta area.


The complexation reaction between UO2 2? cation with macrocyclic ligand, 18-crown-6 (18C6), was studied in acetonitrile–methanol (AN–MeOH), nitromethane–methanol (NM–MeOH) and propylencarbonate–ethanol (PC–EtOH) binary mixed systems at 25 C. In addition, the complexation process between UO2 2? cation with diaza-18crown-6 (DA18C6) was studied in acetonitrile–methanol (AN–MeOH), acetonitrile–ethanol (AN–EtOH), acetonitrile– ethylacetate (AN–EtOAc), methanol–water (MeOH–H2O), ethanol–water (EtOH–H2O), acetonitrile–water (AN–H2O), dimethylformamide–methanol (DMF–MeOH), dimethylformamide–ethanol (DMF–EtOH), and dimethylformamide– ethylacetate (DMF–EtOAc) binary solutions at 25 C using the conductometric method. The conductance data show that the stoichiometry of the complexes formed between (18C6) and (DA18C6) with UO2 2? cation in most cases is 1:1 [M:L], but in some solvent 1:2 [M:L2] complex is formed in solutions. The values of stability constants (log Kf) of (18C6 UO2) and (DA18C6 UO2) complexes which were obtained from conductometric data, show that the nature and also the composition of the solvent systems are important factors that are effective on the stability and even the stoichiometry of the complexes formed in solutions. In all cases, a non-linear relationship is observed for the changes of stability constants (log Kf) of the (18C6 UO2) and (DA18C6 UO2) complexes versus the composition of the binary mixed solvents. The stability order of (18C6 UO2) complex in pure studied solvents was found to be: EtOH [ AN & NM [ PC & MeOH, but in the case of (DA18C6 UO2) complex it was : H2O [ MeOH [ EtOH.


Disclosed is a method and a ballast, which is universally applicable for several types of discharge lamps, which performs for recognizing the type of lamp once at initial switch an orientation mode, by means of which the lamp type is recognized.


ARP virus is one kind of special viruses.It attacks the network by taking advantage of the network defects.Normal anti-virus software and firewalls can hardly play a role in defending this attack.We should mainly take precautions to prevent the ARP virus attack,assisting by virus scanning.IP/MAC-address static binding and the defense combined with software and hardware defending are the chief means of preventing ARP virus attack.So once there is ARP virus attack,we can find its source through searching the MAC addresses continually recurring in the network and use the specific virus removal tools to scan and clean the viruses,thus dealing with ARP virus attack instantly.


Abstract Conventionally, activated sludge units are aerated continuously for the biological oxidation of organic carbon and ammonium. The respiration of the microflora which develops is tightly coupled to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) formation. (ATP is the energy currency of the cell, growth is proportional to the ATP formed). A management strategy is reported here which uses alternating periods of aeration and non-aeration (AAA process), then respiration is uncoupled from ATP formation and hence from cell growth. Less sludge is formed but the removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is no less efficient. In addition, ammonium is oxidized to nitrate during aeration and is then denitrified in the non-aerated period. Savings of 25% to 40% in aeration charges have been demonstrated. This entails no change in the physical design of the plant, no reductant is needed for denitrification, foam is reduced and the sludge settles well. The final effluent demands less chlorine and has a low nitrogen content. The c...


As of the 1950s, with the industrialization in agriculture, a surplus of labor force emerged in rural areas. Those living in their hometown have made the first migration to be employed in industrial facilities in the city. Migrants first settled their housing needs in gecekondus built with light tools on the periphery of the city around the industrial areas. Later, with the humility of the state, they transformed the first gecekondu units into reinforced concrete structures and apartment buildings. In the 2000s, the reproduction of the urban area came to the agenda and construction activities started to be presented to the upper-income group in the high rant areas of the city with neoliberal policies. The gecekondu settlements supported by the state reconstruction amnesty, are defined as the ruined areas of the city. The lower-income group residing in these areas is seen as crime-prone communities. This study aims to reveal the second migration of displaced gecekondu settlers due to urban transformation activities. The scope of this study was limited to Fikirtepe Neighborhood, where the transformation started in 2011, but the demolition and construction activities still continue today. Qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews conducted in the field were processed and presented through content analysis. It was revealed that many people who migrated from rural areas to settle in Fikirtepe in the 1950s were forced to perform the second migration due to poverty.


Objective To study the clinical effect of anteriolateral femoral flap for repairing proximal and middle leg soft tissue defect.Methods 11 cases with proximal and middle leg soft tissue defects were repaired by anteriolateral femoral flap with posterior knee vascular anastomosis.Results All flaps survived.All cases were followed up for 5~16 months.The appearing and function recovery was satisfactory.Conclusions It is an effective way to repair proximal and middle leg soft tissue defect by anteriolateral femoral flap with posterior knee vascular anastomosis.


In direct volume rendering, the transport of light is modelled by equations originating from physics. These equations describe the behaviour of light in certain media. In most cases, a simplified equation is used, which is generally called low albedo approximation (Krueger 1991). It describes the behaviour of light in a volume which is composed of particles that receive light from surrounding light sources and reflect this light to the observer according to the material properties of the particles. The (simplified) intensity I(x; s) at position x integrated along the line x + ts, t0 t tl, in this model is given by I(x; s) = Z tl


We present Oblio a sparse direct solver library running in both serial an parallel environments The code is written in C using object oriented techniques with the exception of few computationally intensive kernels that are written in Fortran In this paper we explain what motivated the project discuss design issues and report recent re sults


The use of Art for educational reasons has been recently developing in Greece both in formal education and in Adult Education. Relevant theoretical texts and studies, (Dewey, 1934. Gardner, 1990. Perkins, 1994) pin point that training through the Arts can contribute to an integrated learning, since through systematic observation of works of art, the traineescritical thinking, creativity and fantasy can be generated. The first part of the current paper, examines the reasons that necessitate the use of art in the training practice. The models of approaching and understanding art for educational reasons, as presented and analyzed by Feldman, Brondy, Anderson and Perkins, are presented in the second part. The method "Transformative Learning through an aesthetical experiences", has been grounded and developed by A. Kokkos, and is presented in the third part. The different stages of this method are also analyzed. In the final part, an example of Kokkosmethod is being analyzed (stage by stage), regarding the training for an organization's staff development of their communication skills. Conclusions regarding the use of art in the training praxis, may be found at the final part of this paper.


The decomposition of silane ( SiH4) with activated neutral oxygen is investigated by spatially resolved quadrupole mass spectroscopy (QMS). SiH4 molecules were found to be decomposed in the vapor phase by collisions with activated neutral oxygen. Generation of hydroxyls (OH, H2O) is discussed in relation to the chemical reactions in the vapor phase and on the substrate surface. The analysis of activation energy in the evolution of hydroxyls from growing surfaces infers that Si–O bonds form on substrate surfaces releasing OH and H2O into the vapor.


Excerpt To the editor: The prospective analysis by Shelhamer and colleagues (1) of 20 patients seen at the National Institute of Health is a valuable contribution to the study of Takayasu's arterit...


Background Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is responsible for major disease burden worldwide. However, the number of available therapies is limited; cure remains an elusive goal. JNJ-64794964 (JNJ-4964) is an oral toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7) agonist being evaluated for the treatment of CHB. Here, we investigated the capacity of JNJ-4964 to induce transcriptomic and immune cell changes in peripheral blood in healthy volunteers. Methods Peripheral blood was collected in the JNJ-4964 first-in-human phase 1 trial at multiple time points to assess transcriptomics and changes in frequency and phenotype of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. Correlation of changes to JNJ-4964 exposure (Cmax) and changes in cytokine levels (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 [CXCL10] and interferon alpha [IFN-α]) were evaluated. Results Fifty-nine genes, mainly interferon-stimulated genes, were up-regulated between 6 hours and 5 days after JNJ-4964 administration. JNJ-4964 increased frequencies of CD69, CD134, CD137, and/or CD253-expressing natural killer (NK) cells, indicative of NK cell activation. These changes correlated with Cmax, increase of CXCL10, and induction of IFN-α and were observed at IFN-α levels that are associated with no/acceptable flu-like adverse events. JNJ-4964 administration resulted in increased frequencies of CD86-expressing B cells, indicative of B-cell activation. These changes were predominantly observed at high IFN-α levels, which are associated with flu-like adverse events. Conclusions JNJ-4964 administration led to changes in transcriptional profiles and immune cell activation phenotype, particularly for NK cells and B cells. Together, these changes could represent a set of biomarkers for the characterization of the immune response in CHB patients receiving TLR7 agonists.


Former Washington ambassador and chair of the Press Complaints Commission Sir Christopher Meyer is on his valedictory tour and is taking the opportunity to plug his next book, bid for jobs and warn of grave threats to the newspaper industry from judges and, interestingly, bad management.


Based on relevant documents and practical study in areas for sports activities, this paper systematically studies the traditional physical culture for minorities in northeast China with the intent of promoting the development of physical education for minorities in northeast China, and implementing the plan of frontier prosperity, physical wealth and overall wealth.


A novel XDQE multi-function drill-pipe air slip was developed,which was composed of a break-out block,block body,air cylinder,supporting disk,connecting brace,scraper plate and stabilizer.The break-out block was made up of 2 parts,there was a power cylinder placed on it,a supporting disk was connected with a push rod on the cylinder,the slip was placed below the disk,the slip was arranged inside the block.Above the support disk there was a scraper plate,it had the function of scrapping and holding the drill pipes,a stabilizer ring was set on the bottom of break-out block,a built-in air cylinder circuit structure was deployed on the air slip.When gripping the drill pipes,the operation surface was basically perpendicular with drilling platform,it is convenient for operating the power tongs,when the slip inserts are replaced,it is suitable for a multi-function use of tripping the tubing,drill pipes,drill collars and casings.The slip body has the function of preventing twisting,improving the slip usage life and safety,reducing labor strength and enhancing the operation efficiency.


Based on many years balance studies, the possibility of humus stock maintenance in common black soils for crop rotations of different structures is given in the article. Fertilizer omitted crop rotations with bare fallow and without it, with perennial legumes and small variations in parts of other crop are considered


The decision tree approach is most useful in classification problems and to divide the search space into rectangular regions. Decision tree algorithms are used extensively for data mining in many domains such as retail target marketing, fraud dection, data reduction and variable screening, category merging, etc. CHAID uses the chi-squired statistic to determine splitting and is an exploratory method used to study the relationship between a dependent variable and a series of predictor variables. In this paper we propose CHAID algorithm by cube-based proportional sampling and explore CHAID algorithm in view of accuracy and speed by the number of variables.


Objective To investigate the heart lesion caused by epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (EHFV). Method A restrospective analysis on the electrocardiogram and myocardium enzymology of 103 cases with epidemic hemorrhagic fever were carried out.Results There were 72 cases (69.9%) with abnormal electrocardiogram. Sinus bradycardia (27.9%) and sinus tachycardia (22.3%) were the most common abnormal features and significantly higher than the other abnormal (P 0.05 and 0.01, respectively).Elevation in CK was 43 cases (41.2%), in LDH was 73 cases (70.9%) and in HBDH was 46 cases (44.7%). So the abnormal increase in LDH level was a common feature. LDH of patients with mild, moderate, severe and critical conditions were (346.3±155.6)IU/L, (330.7±130.7)IU /L, (1 114.4±872.4)IU /L and (1 227.1 ±936.7)IU /L, respectively. The LDH levels of patients in severe and critical condition were dramatically and significantly higher than that in mild and moderate condition. Conclusions The complicated myocardial lesion is commonly observed in the patients with EHF. The more severe the disease is, the more severe is the lesion.


From the perspective of internal controls on Bahrain bank failure case analysis,proposed the establishment of a sound and effective internal control system and the effective functioning of the enterprise is found to correct wrong action to prevent financial fraud.An important measure to improve internal recommendations from the business Environmental control and information disclosure systems,is to improve risk control and internal audit areas to proceed with the building of internal controls.


The effect of bubble‐free oxygenation on the stability of a bi‐enzymatic system with redox mediator regeneration for the conversion of lactose to lactobionic acid was investigated in a miniaturized reactor with bubbleless oxygenation. Earlier investigations of this biocatalytic oxidation have shown that the dispersive addition of oxygen can cause significant enzyme inactivation. In the process studied, the enzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) oxidizes lactose at the C‐1 position of the reducing sugar moiety to lactobionolactone, which spontaneously hydrolyzes to lactobionic acid. 2,2′‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) diammonium salt was used as electron acceptor for CDH and was continuously regenerated (reoxidized) by laccase, a blue multi‐copper oxidase. Oxygen served as the terminal electron acceptor of the reaction and was fully reduced to water by laccase. The overall mass transfer coefficient of the miniaturized reactor was determined at 30 and 45°C; conversions were conducted both in the reaction‐limited and diffusion‐limited regime to study catalyst inactivation. The bubbleless oxygenation was successful in avoiding gas/liquid interface inactivation. It was also shown that the oxidized redox mediator plays a key role in the inactivation mechanism of the biocatalysts unobserved during previous studies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 122–131. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Owing to the common interests in rites of spirits and spiritual beliefs in exploring the sources of civilization in the circles of anthropology,mythology and archaeology,based on the interconnections between the archaeological materials and the humanistic interpretation,the author tries to probe how the cognition of "taking the very start as usual" ,which serves as a myth code,and its practice regulate the ritual narration and the procedural narration of archaeological "languages" and to find the ground on which that the archaeological cultural relics,text literature and ritual narration on myth are interconnected and they can prove and interpret each other.


The ESECAFLOR/LBA experiment was carried out at the Caxiuana National Forest, Para State, and this article intends to investigate the effect of hydrological stress on the total soil respiration. Two adjacent 1 hectare plots were defined in January 2002. One plot remained in its natural conditions and was used as a control (A), while in the exclusion plot (B) plastic cover panels were installed in order to drain about 70% of the total rainfall to outside of the plot. Accumulated monthly rainfall was recorded from 2005 January to December. During 2005 the rainfall over the ECFPn was 2,211.6 mm, or 9.96% above the mean of 2,011.2 mm. The average soil moisture was 15.6±9.2 and 9.5±3.4% in the plots A and B, respectively. The average soil temperature was 25.6±0.4 and 25.7±0.5 oC, for the A and B plots, respectively. The average soil CO2 flux was 3.46±0.44 and 3.21±0.84 μmolCO2 m-2s-1 in the A and B plots, respectively. With the exclusion of part of rain in plot B, it had a reduction of 7.23% in the soil CO2 flux (0.25 μmolCO2 m-2s-1), 39.1% in the soil humidity (6.1p.p.), and an increase of 0.39% in the soil temperature (0.1oC). The soil moisture in parcel B was lesser than in the parcel A, due to the exclusion system of rain. However at the beginning of the year, site B undergone some changes causing the measuring values to be about the same on both areas.


Throughout the Cold War, the US, a strategic ally of Pakistan, forced India to accept the settlement of the Kashmir issue through political will, diplomacy, and economic measures. However, in the post-Cold War era, the US role changed from conflict resolution to crisis management, including defusing tension between the two adversaries. Donald Trump, the president of the United States, has taken up that position and given Pakistan and India a way to end the long-running dispute in Kashmir. As a result, this study concludes that the US's desire to mediate has altered as a result of geopolitical and geostrategic objectives in South Asia, such as the Cold War's strategic conflicts between the US and the Soviet Union and the US's subsequent encirclement of China. This essay also examines the US's attempts at mediation throughout the Cold War and why those efforts were unsuccessful. In addition, how did the US's mediation role affect India's Kashmir policies throughout the Cold War and after? Finally, despite Pakistan's involvement in the US-Taliban peace process in Afghanistan, this study examines the main reasons why the US is politically motivated to end the India-Pakistan conflict.


The invention provides an intelligent health care management system. The intelligent health care management system comprises a call-center system and an operation management system, wherein the call-center system is used for receiving service requests of a user and transmitting corresponding order instructions to the operation management system according to a geographic position of the user and the request service types of the service requests; the operation management system is used for acquiring data of the user and establishing corresponding electronic files of senior citizens, storing service providing mechanism information and service providing person information, selecting a corresponding service providing mechanism and/or service providing person according to the electronic files of senior citizens and the order instructions, dynamically managing the electronic files of senior citizens, and carrying out organizational management, service linkage and order sending management on the service providing mechanism and the service providing people. According to the intelligent health care management system, the feasible, dynamic and automatic distribution and sharing of various resources can be realized; the user can inquire the electronic files of senior individuals and relatives through the internet, so as to know health information in time.


parents, distribution and habitat in the British Isles and to some extent in Europe, data on fertility/sterility, chromosome numbers and experimental work. I would question the sequence of the parents in the names (e.g. Salix pentandra× alba), often not in alphabetical order and differing from the index (S. alba× pentandra). The extent of the texts varies considerably depending on the available information and importance of the hybrid, but also on the personal interest of the authors and editors. A useful list of illustrations is given for each hybrid and nice colour photographs of several hybrids are included. Each hybrid description includes a table of hectad totals separately with each parent, and for all but the rarest spontaneous hybrids a hectad map is given showing the distributions of the hybrid and its parents. The maps are otherwise similar to those in the New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora but lacking age and status information. Unfortunately, status information is not given in the tables, either, and the reader cannot easily see the essential role of introduced plants in the hybrids, so the New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora must be consulted. Hybrids arise where the parents meet. So it is not astonishing that usually both (or all three) parent species are present in the area where a hybrid is noted – this is neatly seen in the maps. If one or both of the parents are absent from a hectad, it is usually matter of under-recording or disappearance. Hybrids are commonly sterile or with low capability to spread generatively, but they have often good capability to vegetative spreading to large vigorous colonies, which can establish for decades or centuries. Good examples are Circaea × intermedia, much more widespread than one of the parents (C. alpina) at present, Nuphar × spenneriana, rare but widespread whereas one parent (N. pumila) is restricted to northern Scotland, and Potamogeton × bottnicus with one of parents is completely missing from the British Isles. In case of Crataegus×media, its abundance in the north, outside the area of C. laevigata, tells of frequent plantings and escaping of the hybrid there. Most spontaneous hybrids between native plants are rare and exceptional, because plants have different genetic and biological mechanisms to prevent hybridising. However, some hybrids between native taxa are widespread in the common area of the parents, as, among others, in many hybrids in Salix and in Geum rivale × urbanum, Nasturtium microphyllum × officinale, Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum × H. perforatum, Mentha arvensis × aquatica, Stachys sylvatica × palustris, Senecio jacobaea× aquaticus, Festuca pratensis × Lolium perenne andGlyceria fluitans × notata. Often disturbance of habitats breaks ecological isolation and makes meeting of parents more probable. In many widespread hybrids between native and alien species, such as Bromus hordeaceus × lepidus, Hyacinthoides non-scripta ×H. hispanica and Senecio jacobaea × S. cineraria, originally geographically isolated species have become together resulting many of the most widespread and best-established hybrids. Interestingly, hybrids between American Epilobiums and native taxa are in Finland clearly less often recorded, so may be under-recorded? Numerous hybrids have arisen accidentally or by purpose in gardens. Many of them are widespread in cultivation, but also freely escaped especially with garden refuse. Some are more common and widespread than the native parents, if present. Their number and role in flora, vegetation and landscapes can be prominent. Examples include Symphytum× uplandicum, Saxifraga× urbium, Polygonatum × hybridum and many hybrids in Spiraea, Rosa, Ulmus and Narcissus. From the clear and formally exact descriptions, exact numbers in the tables and attractive maps the reader can get an impression that hybrids are not so difficult and wonder why they are neglected in Floras. But the situation is not always clear-cut. The text frankly gives many cases where difficulties exist in delimitation of the hybrids, especially between morphologically similar parents and when highly fertile. Especially critical are genera like Crataegus, Betula, Salix, Euphrasia and Dactylorhiza. Probably some of the hybrid definitions will not hold in the future. In many hybrid descriptions the editors have to mention that the data is insufficient and the maps do not give a proper picture of the probable frequency and the area. So in hybrids, there is still much to do also for field botanists. Hybridisation has great importance not only in developing cultivated plants but also as a continuous process going on in the native flora and between native and introduced species.Hybrid Flora of the British Isles with its 499 pages, sized 25 × 32 cm, is a unique compilation of the information on hybrids and this process, and it will be a standard book for botanists not only in the British Isles but also elsewhere in Europe.


PU foams modified with an AIE-active polymer (PSiTPE) with a Si–O and TPE backbone using an ultrasonication-assisted method have been prepared. The as-prepared foams show a high sensitive to PA solution and DNT vapor. Moreover, it could be re-used several times. It is a novel promising probe for the detection of explosives.


The 3-D Plasma and Energetic Particle instrument on the GGS Wind spacecraft (launched November 1, 1994) is designed to make measurements of the full three-dimensional distribution of suprathermal electrons and ions from solar wind plasma to low energy cosmic rays, with high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, good energy and angular resolution, and high time resolution. Three pairs of double-ended telescopes, each with two or three closely sandwiched passivated ion implanted silicon detectors measure electrons and ions from approximately 20 keV to greater than or equal to 300 keV. Four top-hat symmetrical spherical section electrostatic analyzers with microchannel plate detectors, a large and a small geometric factor analyzer for electrons and a similar pair for ions, cover from approximately 3 eV to 30 keV. The authors present preliminary observations of the electron and ion distributions in the absence of obvious solar impulsive events and upstream particles. The quiet time electron energy spectrum shows a smooth approximately power law fall-off extending from the halo population at a few hundred eV to well above approximately 100 keV. The quiet time ion energy spectrum also shows significant fluxes over this energy range. Detailed 3-D distributions and their temporal variations will be presented.


Credit card payment is one of the most preferred methods of e-commerce sites. Fraud orders are the biggest concerns for online shopping sites. Fraud operations affect not only customers but also companies and banks. Hence, companies should be able to classify orders and take measures against suspicious transactions. Classification is easier on the banking side because of more information about customers, but it is more difficult to determine this process on e-commerce sites. In this study, the actual order data of a private e-commerce enterprise has been examined and suspicious transactions are determined. First of all, all order data is analyzed and filtered. The best variables for classification are determined by variable selection algorithms. Afterwards, classification algorithms are applied and suspicious orders are determined with 92% success rate. Naïve Bayesian, Decision Trees and Artificial Neural Network have been used as comparative data mining methods.


Given the connection between diarrhea and malnutrition in developing countries it is important to assess the microbiological content of cereal-based weaning foods and the potential of lactic fermentation to improve the microbiological safety of these foods. This study evaluated weaning foods prepared from white sorghum pigeon pea and groundnut--all of which are widely available in African communities. A simple technique for controlled lactic fermentation of sorghum flour was developed. This technique which involves use of a small quantity of the fermented concentrate as a starter for the next fermentation can be carried out at the household level. After a few repetitions of this "back-slopping" the composition of the microflora in the weaning food undergoes a significant shift toward lactic acid-producing bacteria; at the same time Enterobacteriaceae and the aerobic epiphytic flora of sorghum disappear. In contrast high counts of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus were found in stored nonfermented traditional weaning foods. To investigate the effects of supplementation with pigeon pea and groundnut mixtures based on fermented sorghum concentrate and fresh sorghum flour were prepared. It was possible to maintain the microbiological stability of the lactic-fermented sorghum porridge even when the porridge was supplemented with fresh high-protein ingredients. Given the effective protection provided by lactic fermentation against the growth and germination of heat-resistant bacterial spores and diarrhea-causing bacterial agents this method should be promoted for use in the preparation of weaning foods.


Results from walkaway VSP and shale laboratory experiments show that shale anisotropy can be significantly anelliptic. Heterogeneity and anellipticity both lead to non-hyperbolic moveout curves and the resulting ambiguity in velocity analysis is investigated for the case of a factorizable anisotropic medium with a linear dependence of velocity on depth. More information can be obtained if there are several reflectors. The method of Dellinger et al. for anisotropic velocity analysis in layered transversely isotropic media is examined and is shown to be restricted to media having relatively small anellipticity. A new scheme, based on an expansion of the inverse-squared group velocity in spherical harmonics, is presented. This scheme can be used for larger anellipticity, and is applicable for horizontal layers having monoclinic symmetry with the symmetry plane parallel to the layers. The method is applied to invert the results of anisotropic ray tracing on a model Sand/shale sequence. For transversely isotropic media with small anisotropy, the scheme reduces to the method of Byun et al. and Byun and Corrigan. The expansion in spherical harmonics allows the P-phase slowness surface of each layer to be determined in analytic form from the layer parameters obtained by inversion without the need to assume that the anisotropy is weak.


An aluminum anode with pre-constructed two-layer conductive buffers was prepared to restrict the expanding Al-Li alloy inside, and provide continuous electron pathways for promising electrical contact. The full cell demonstrates superior cycling stability (0.0352% capacity decay per cycle for 400 cycles at 0.2C) and outstanding rate capability.


PurposeThis paper takes the current COVID-19 pandemic raging around the world as a realistic background and uses the informal scientific communication mode in social media as the theoretical basis. It aims to explore the characteristics and rules of scientific communication in social media under emergency events, grasp the potential and risks of scientific communication in social media in special times and provide a perspective of academic communication for the scientific response.Design/methodology/approachThe authors select the enumeration data of the early COVID-19 theme papers spread on social media networks as the research object, apply descriptive statistical analysis to the basic statistical distribution of variables and use factor analysis and visualization methods to explore the law and characteristics of the spread of scientific papers on social media platforms.FindingsIt was found that users of the COVID-19 paper are mainly in North America, Europe and South America, followed by those in East Asia, Southeast Asia and Oceania. The users are mainly public figures, doctors and other practitioners, science communicators and scientists. The process of social media communication reflects three ways of knowledge construction, social interaction and academic communication, and there are three ways of communication law and changing trend of cross transition and integration.Originality/valueThis study observes the function and role of science communication in social media in a special period from a unique perspective of academic communication, so as to promote academic means to fight against the epidemic.


A shear-locking free finite element discretization of the Reissner--Mindlin plate model is introduced. The rotation is discretized with piecewise polynomials of degree $k+2$ while the degree $k\geq...


It is alleged that the adjudication system has given a longer lease to 'outsiders'. The role of outsiders in Indian trade union movement cannot emphasised. It is difficult to see how collective bargaining could have done away with outsiders. So long as the worker is uneducated of, what is worse, illiterate, the outsiders have a positive role to play in the uplift of the working classes. What adjudication has done in so far as wage determination is concerned, is to deprive the existence of any other influence. The arguments put before the adjudicator would not be different had there been an "insider' arguing before the court. Adjudication has also deprived the political parties of their influence on wages. Thus, in Bombay City, a communist union does not put forward its case in any way substantially different from a HMS or INTUC union. On reading the cases, it would be impossible to find out the political affiliations of unions. Thus, adjudication has annulled the political influence on wage determination, We, as students of economics, are mainly concerned with factors affecting economic phenomena ; therefore, whatever may be the other consequences of the political rivalries, as far as wages and wage structures go, political rivalries and ideologies are made impotent by adjudication. To conclude, in our effort at institutionalising industrial conflict we have evolved a system of adjudication which from economic and noneconomic points of view seems better suited to our requirements than a system of collective bargaining.