An activated sludge wastewater treatment method is provided. The disclosed method includes: receiving a stream of wastewater into a mixed liquor in an uncovered activated sludge basin; introducing high purity oxygen to the mixed liquor in the activated sludge basin to produce euoxic conditions (i.e. a dissolved oxygen level in the range of between about 5 mg to 15 mg) in the activated sludge basin; passing a portion of the mixed liquor in the activated sludge basin through a clarifier to separate activated sludge and produce an effluent stream and an activated sludge stream; and recycling a portion of the activated sludge stream to the activated sludge basin to produce a mixed liquor having a solids loading of between about 3000 mg and about 10000 mg of suspended solids per liter of mixed liquor and a solids retention time of between about 7 days and 40 days.


As an universal bus technology at present time, I 2 C has been widely used in the interface between CPU and other devices such as EEPROM, RTC and small LCD. The architecture of I 2 C driver, the relationship of some important data structure and the op - eration mechanism of the I 2


On the 30th November, 1954, wright after a typhoon(maximum wind-velocity 42.4m/sec.)has passed, a live specimen(_??_imm.)of Fregata minor minor (Gm.)was obtained on a hill in Hachijo I.It died in a few days, now being kept as specimen at Nakanogo School. This forms the first stray record of this species to Japan. Notes on plumage and known records are given.


The invention relates to an integrated flip type LED (Light Emitting Diode) illuminating assembly. The integrated flip type LED illuminating assembly comprises an LED circuit, a glass carrier for bearing the LED circuit as well as a flip type LED chip which is directly welded in a flip way and is packaged on the glass carrier, wherein the LED circuit and the flip type LED chip are integrated on the glass carrier. According to the integrated flip type LED illuminating assembly, the heat radiating performance and the light emitting performance of the LED lamp are greatly improved and a traditional LED circuit board structure is omitted, so that materials and the labor cost are greatly saved. The glass has favorable light transmitting performance, so that the glass can be used as an outer protecting structure of the LED lamp, fox example, the glass is directly used as a lamp tube of the LED lamp. Therefore, the materials, the price and the mounting cost are further saved.


Replacing a single missing anterior tooth can be a challenge. Many factors need to be considered when choosing the appropriate treatment. Several treatment options are well established. This case report is to present the use of a cast cobalt chrome partial denture with custom made porcelain tooth to improve aesthetic. The overall shade of the artificial tooth were nicely matched with the adjacent teeth and definite enamel translucency could be achieved which would not be possible with acrylic or even with readymade porcelain tooth.


It is proven that CPT invariance alone requires the electromagnetic structure of a spin-J Majorana particle (J = half interger) to consist at most in toroid multipole moments and distributions with the multipolarity order L = 1,2,...,2J; all other usual electric and magnetic multipole characteristics are forbidden. In the spin J = (3/2) case the covariant form of the electromagnetic vertex is obtained in terms of dipole, quadrupole, and octupole toroid form factors. It is suggested that under certain circumstances Majorana fermions with nonvanishing toroid multipole moments might give rise to Cherenkov or transition radiation.


This article argues that to understand the role and place of the foreskin, we must address the aesthetic question that sits at its root. North American media often describe the foreskin as "ugly," "gross," or pejoratively "European"; all of which present, fundamentally, an aesthetic comment on what is pleasing. As such, this article investigates the aesthetic discourse surrounding the foreskin in relation to a range of materials that speak at or around the foreskin. In particular, it looks at sources deemed to be "common"—sex manuals, pregnancy manuals, and film and television—alongside theoretical and scientific studies. Undertaking a close reading of these materials, this article sheds light on the striking similarities that these distinct bodies of literature share and the way that aesthetics undergirds their arguments, often as a silent statement rather than exerted forcefully. Through this argument, this article breaks new ground on the way that we consider the foreskin, and, importantly, the aestheticization processes that shape our understanding of this seemingly ancillary component of the penis. Accordingly, this article contributes to a growing body of scholarship on the politics of the foreskin and circumcision by shifting the debate to consider the aesthetic.


The present data support a personological "type" consistent with Holland's Realistic type and also support the classification of corrections officers in this type. Noteworthy among the characteristics of corrections officers are control, low anxiety, introversion. Personality characteristics predictive of first performance ratings among male officers are intelligence, control, conservatism, and self-sufficiency. Highly rated female officers showed a generally similar pattern, but in addition differed from their male counterparts in being low on dominance and suspicion. Personality characteristics predictive of later performance ratings differed sharply from those predictive of first ratings. An hypothesis of self-selective turnover is offered to explain the variation in predictability over occasions.


When Britain decided, in 1968, to terminate its official colonial presence in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf as of 1971, this action prompted the Gulf Arab States (Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, and Oman) to start the search for a form of partnership that would bring them together to better cope with the insecurity and danger surrounding them and their regimes. A key problem after the British withdrawal has been the notable military weakness of these states and the inability to effectively defend themselves against aggressive action. The six states share a similar economic, social, and political system, and acquired marked geo-political importance after the conclusion of World War II as a result of the discovery of massive oil and gas reserves.

Following two years of negotiation, the states signed, on May 25, 1981 a charter creating a regional entity called the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ? which turned out to be something of a unique integrative experiment in the Arab world. Its main objectives are a customs union and political cooperation; harmonization of policies; a common external tariff; and general integration within its specified cultural, geographical, economic, and political bounds.

The present study aims to analyze the regional cooperation and integration of these states. It is an attempt to trace the nature, emergence, and development of the GCC in a primarily tribal culture. It furnishes a description and exploration of specific aspects of the GCC: its structure and charter; its economic and political achievements; the challenges facing it; the factors that either enhance or hinder its ambitions. It is also an attempt to identify and discuss the security problems the member states face.

This study additionally advances a theoretical framework focusing on certain concepts stemming from existing integration theories that have applicability to the integration of the GCC. The dissertation suggests that the GCC is in fact unique; neither a federal or confederal, it represents an elastic entity and political framework.

Empirically, the study examines the GCC during the first twenty-five years of its existence (1979-2004), with the just stated aims to explore, explain, and analyze this integration effort in its specified cultural, geographical, political, and economic settings.

To aid our understanding of this integrative venture, several important questions revolving around the very concept of integration, are raised. For instance, what are the circumstances under which the GCC emerged? To what extent is integration projects elite-inspired and forged, and to what extent, if at all, is it grass-root inspired? What challenges are the member states facing when trying to achieve their objectives? What is the significance of the existence of a ?core? within this integration? What are the local integrative and disintegrative factors, and how do they operate to hinder or enhance the integration project? What general observations can this study engender in terms of past and present integration aspects with specific focus on locally, regionally, and globally generated supports and stresses?


Artemisia halodendron an important semi-shrub used for preventing drift-sand and sand storms, degraded significantly in the desert succession series from shifting sandy land to fixed sandy land in the Horqin Sandy Land, hi order to find one of the vital reasons of its degradation, growth and distribution of absorbent roots (fine roots, diameter 1 mm) of A. halodendron in relation to soil moisture were studied in shifting sandy land and fixed sandy land with trench and root augur methods. Differences between distribution (0-90 cm depth) of its absorbent roots before a raining period and that after the raining period were compared. 1) In the dry season, soil moisture in the rhizosphere increased with depth. It increased much more in shifting sandy land than in fixed sandy land. Soil moisture in the rhizosphere decreased with depth after the raining period. It decreased more rapidly in fixed sandy land than in shifting sandy land. 2) There was more dry weight of main roots in the 0 - 15 cm layer than in the other layers. This phenomenon was more obvious in shifting sandy land than in fixed sandy land. 3)In the dry season, there was a larger proportion of fine roots dry weight in 0 - 45 cm in fixed sandy land (84.9% ) than in shifting sandy land (61.9% ) . In the rainy period, the dry weight of the fine roots of A. halodendron in 0 - 15 cm layer mounted up more rapidly than in the other layers. Furthermore , the fine roots of A. halodendron in shifting sandy land grew more rapidly than the ones in fixed sandy land. The reaction of the fine roots of A. halodendron to precipitation was less sensitive in fixed sandy land than in shifting sandy land, which was a disadvantage of amending of root' s distribution and sucking up of soil moisture.


The paper is a review of the general features of lightning records produced by the System d'Alerte Foudre par Interferometrie Radio-electrique (SAFIR) lightning detection system used in Hungary over the recent 5 years. The intra-cloud (IC) and cloud-to-ground (CG) lightnings were distinguished. Lots of information was generated with the help of this system. The electrical parameters were collected and processed. The time and spatial distributions of the lightnings and different type of lightning characteristics were computed. As the first discharges appear in the early time of the forming of a cumulonimbus cloud, the application of data generated by the lightning detection system is a good tool in the every day meteorological short range forecasting. Understanding of the lightning physics leads to the more effective meteorological and industrial application.


Drug abuse presents a complex set of physical and psychosocial issues that complicate cancer treatment and pain/symptom management. Most oncologists are not be well versed in either the conceptual or practical issues related to addiction.


Abstract Monitoring arsenic in the subsurface is a necessity today. This research evaluated the ability of the passive flux meter (PFM) to estimate arsenic in groundwater. Activated alumina, which displayed a Freundlich adsorption isotherm with respect to arsenic in solution, was evaluated as the internal sorbent for the PFM. A model aquifer incorporating PFMs estimated arsenic recovery of 87.33–99.08% in the wells. Arsenic mass recovery from extraction of the activated alumina ranged from 89.26 to 89.29%. The PFM calculated mass flux to within 4% of theoretically computed aquifer mass flux. Results indicate that PFM is a promising device for assessing arsenic in groundwater.


There have been many recent advances in the methods available for restoring endodontically treated teeth. This article provides a practical guide to the restoration of endodontically treated teeth based on the amount of sound tooth structure remaining


A binary feature description and registration algorithm for a 3D point cloud based on retina-like sampling on projection planes (RSPP) are proposed in this paper. The algorithm first projects the point cloud within the support radius around the key point to the XY, YZ, and XZ planes of the Local Reference Frame (LRF) and performs retina-like sampling on the projection plane. Then, the binarized Gaussian density weight values at the sampling points are calculated and encoded to obtain the RSPP descriptor. Finally, rough registration of point clouds is performed based on the RSPP descriptor, and the RANSAC algorithm is used to optimize the registration results. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on public point cloud datasets. The test results show that the RSPP-based point cloud registration algorithm has a good registration effect under no noise, 0.25 mr, and 0.5 mr Gaussian noise. The experimental results verify the correctness and robustness of the proposed registration method, which can provide theoretical and technical support for the 3D point cloud registration application.


Research articles have been the object of study of many scholars within the ESP tradition, most notably, since Swales' (1990) studies on academic language. Such studies have focused mainly on 'moves' and 'steps', i.e. on the part-whole relations that comprise each of the sections in a research article. However, little is known about the iterative connectivity of sentences and paragraphs that make up the discourse organization of research articles sections. This study uses Rhetorical Structure Theory (Mann and Thompson, 1987) for the analysis of discourse relations in introductions and conclusions of research articles from applied linguistics journals in two languages, English and Spanish. It also uses Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday, 1985) in order to locate introductions and conclusions within a general theory of register. The results showed significant trends across registers and languages that can inform the teaching of writing within the context of academic expository texts.


xK-Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 catalysts were prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation method, and the catalytic activities for the soot combustion were studied using TPO. XRD, BET, FT-IR and XPS were used to investigate the influences of KNO 3 concentration on the catalytic activities for soot combustion. It was found that the KNO 3 had great effect on the surface area and the chemical environment. Compare with Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 , the catalytic activities of xK-Ce 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 for soot combustion were improved significantly; the catalyst with x =0.5 had the best catalytic performance, on which T i and T p were 290 ℃ and 360 ℃ , respectively. The results suggested that the for-mation of K 2 CO 3 and molten KNO 3 phase during the reaction course promoted the catalytic activities obviously.


In this paper, a real-time emulation system scheme using power electronic technology is proposed for the electrical characteristics emulation of the actual electric-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) in four quadrant operation, which can replace the EHA system for electrical characteristics test of the integrated energy management strategy of aircraft electrical power system. The real-time emulation system scheme of the EHA is proposed, which consists of bidirectional DC -DC converter, the energy release module, the bidirectional energy control strategy and the EHA system solution model. Furthermore, to guarantee the emulation accuracy, the EHA discrete model is established, while the error analysis of the discrete step and numerical solution method are conducted. The proposed EHA emulation system has the excellent electrical characteristics emulation performance for the actual EHA system, which is also verified by the simulation.


In this study, chromium sorption ability of the prepared Tamarindusindicaseedcharcoal is presented.The prepared charcoal was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR).The effectiveness of charcoal adsorbent for chromium sorption efficiency was examined investigating: charcoal dose, contact time, and relative pH.Chromium content in the raw wastewater and after treatment in the filtrate was 3415.02 mg/L and 27.7mg/L, respectively. The chromium removal efficiency was obtained at 98.9%. The reduction of chloride was 17.2% and pH was (7.7) with the discharged level (6-9).The use of native Tamarindusindicaseedcharcoal adsorbent could be achoice to remove chromiumfrom tannery


An optimization to supply chain and procurement system management is fundamental for companies to develop a competitive business environment. The internet helps companies to implement e-procurement, a new way of how the activity of supply chain and procurement process being done, but a company culture is playing a big role on how the e-procurement succeed and the culture itself is defined by the company employees. The purpose of this research is to illustrate the effectiveness and the satisfaction value of e-procurement system on XYZ company. This research using statistic descriptive technique and measuring user satisfaction. The data used in this research in gathered by distributing questionnaire to 30 procurement division employees in XYZ company. And there are interviews to improve the validity of the survey. The result shows, for overall e-procurement process in XYZ company is in very good category with the highest score in the user acceptance of e-procurement system. The lowest score is seen in the monitoring the performance of e-procurement system. Most user think that all dimension is the most important value to be implemented in the e-procurement system as top support management achieved the highest score and the lowest score was on user acceptance of e-procurement system value and monitoring the performance of e-procurement system value. According to the satisfaction post analysis, the overall response of the user is not all of them satisfied. The highest positive feedback is achieved by user acceptance of e-procurement system value, and the most negative feedback was achieved by the monitoring the performance of e-procurement system value.


A series active power filter working as a sinusoidal current source, in-phase with the mains voltage, has been developed and tested. The amplitude of the fundamental current in the series filter is controlled through the error signal generated between the load voltage and a pre-established reference. The control allows an effective correction of power factor, harmonic distortion and load voltage regulation. Compared with previous methods of control developed for series active filters, this method is simpler to implement because it is only required to generate a sinusoidal current, in-phase with the mains voltage, the amplitude of which is controlled through the error in the load voltage. The proposed system has been studied analytically and tested using computer simulations and experiments. In the experiments, it has been verified that the filter keeps the line current almost sinusoidal and in-phase with the line voltage supply. It also responds very quickly under sudden changes in load conditions, reaching its steady-state in about two cycles of the fundamental.


A technique for loss characterization of toroidal inductor cores under high power is proposed, and implemented for the frequency range of 2 MHz to 30 MHz. A power-boosted impedance analyzer is used to measure the impedance of the device being tested. The method uses a custom fixture which creates a single-turn inductor with a toroidal core and allows compensation for the winding parasitics so the core losses can be measured. The approach is implemented for excitation levels of up to 10 A; implementation details and experimental results of measuring two ferrite cores using the setup are presented and compared to core loss models supplied by the manufacturer. The setup supports multiple test fixtures and can also be used for general large-signal impedance measurements.


Someone who has appropriate knowledge toward financial literacy (well literate) will be faster to learn about how financial institution works. Unfortunately, the level of financial literacy in Indonesia is only reached 29 percent. However, the goventment target on financial literacy itself is reached up to 75 percennt. Since the knowledge on how to manage the personal budget is quite important, people need to know to overcome the financial problem that could be occur in the future endeavors. This research aim to identificate the level of influence financial literacy toward financial inclusion in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia as part of the impact by financial technology usage. This study was used quantitative apprach using 133 respondents in Special Region of Yogyakarta. The data were obtained from spreading the questionnaire and interviews with respondents. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression using SPSS ver. 22. The result of this study shows that only financial technology which supported to influence financial Inclusion.


A novel organotin compound {[(PhCH2)2(Cl)SnOSn(OH)(PhCH2)2]2}(1) has been synthesized by partial hydrolyzation of(PhCH2)2SnCl2 and characterized by means of elemental analysis,IR and 1 H NMR.The crystal structure was determined by single X-ray diffraction.The crystal belong to the monoclinic system with space group P2(1)/n,a = 1.026 93(10) nm,b=1.596 12(15) nm,c=1.979 69(18) nm,β= 98.211(2)°,V= 3.211 7(5) nm3,Z=4,Dc=2.934 g/cm3,μ=3.32 mm-1,F(000)=280 8,R1=0.046 0,wR2=0.123 7.The compound(1) is in a centrosymmetric ladder centrosymmetric structure mode in which the tin atom is five-coordinated in a distorted trigonal bipyramid under two different chemical environments.


TiO 2 was obtained by a simple sol–gel synthesis and subsequently modified by the addition of Pt and/or Pd particles on the surface by photodeposition. These photocatalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction analysis, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Their photocatalytic activity was studied by following the degradation, mineralisation and detoxification of solutions of phenol, propanil and methylene blue. For comparison purposes, different commercial TiO 2 catalysts were also tested: Kronos vlp7000, Millenium PC100, Aeroxide P90 and Aeroxide P25. This latter catalyst was also modified with Pt and/or Pd. The degradation kinetics of all the pollutants in aqueous solutions satisfactorily followed the pseudo-first order according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model in conditions of low concentration values. It was found that the simultaneous photodeposition of Pt and Pd contributed to enhancing photoactivity more than the individual deposition of either Pt or Pd.


An introductory, pedagogical review of the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) within the classical regime is presented. It is intended to be accessible to biophysicists with an interest in molecul...


The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for measuring a target object distance, a device measuring the target object distance and a mobile terminal. An instruction, triggered by a user, for measuring the target object distance is received, and then a laser, which is used to send at least two beams of laser to a target object, is started according to the instruction; angle information input by the user is received, wherein the angle information is an angle of the at least two beams of laser, sent by the laser, concentrated at one point on the target object; and the angle information is converted into the target object distance, so, by utilizing geometric laser distance measurement, a laser signal is emitted to the target object through the low-cost simple LED laser, the user enables the two beams of the laser to be overlapped to form the one point on the target object through adjustments of an inclined angle of the two beams of the laser, and an accurate distance between a mobile phone and the target object is calculated rapidly and conveniently.


Once there was a spectre haunting Europe and maybe the world. Now other fears and invisible presences have occupied the space of imagination, above all CO2 emissions and "the Anthropocene," project ...


A power optimized communication system is proposed in this paper with clock gating technique. The encoder decoder block and the converter circuits are designed using clock gating for power optimization without degrading the system performance. Unwanted switching activities can be much reduced by using clock gating techniques and power saving can be done. Negative latch has been used to generate the gated clock which feeds into various blocks. The RTL view of the communication system with gated clock is also generated for implementation in hardware. We have used two clocks of frequencies 20MHz and 200MHz. For these frequencies, the hierarchy total power is reduced by 68.27%, the logic power is reduced by 53.33%, the signal power is reduced by 75.67% and the clock domain and on-chip powers are same as it is in the system without using gated clock. Verilog HDL has been used to implement the various blocks and simulation done using ModelSim 10.3c. RTL implementation has been done using Xilinx ISE suite 13.4.


The influential factors of peasant income increase were analyzed quantitatively by constructing peasant income increase model.And some proposals were put forward according to the empirical results.


The origins of the various views about environmental change in the Pacific islands are described, as is the ancestry of the common contemporary view that recent environmental changes are mostly the results of human activity. A description is given of the environmental changes which occurred in three periods. Changes prior to the islands' initial settlement were caused by climate and sea-level changes among other factors. The origin of Pacific island savannas is discussed. Changes post-settlement but pre-1840 AD are outlined with emphasis on the relative contribution of people and climate changes, particularly the Little Climatic Optimum and the Little Ice Age. The effect of tectonic changes on various island environments is discussed. Changes within the last 150 years include land degradation, for which the roles of human and non-human factors are evaluated. Coastal environmental changes are also discussed particularly with reference to contemporary sea-level changes. Evidence of climate changes within the Pacific Basin is presented: increases in temperature and tropical cyclone frequency are apparent in many places. It is concluded that human impacts on Pacific island environments may have been overestimated and non-human effects underestimated, a situation which has implications for the region's future.


To study the effect of Butylbenzyl phthalate inducing DNA damages in Rat lung cells. KCl-SDS assay and comet assay were used to reveal the amount of DNA-protein crosslinks and effect of DNA damages induced by different doses of Butylbenzyl phathalate in vitro. The results showed that Butylbenzyl phathalate could cause DNA breakage at low level (10 µmol/L, P<0.01), while at higher level (40 µmol/L, P<0.01; 160 µmol/L, P<0.01) it caused crosslinks obviously. In conclusion, higher levels BBP induced significant oxidative damage, and then caused damages to DNA.


Micro RNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the progression and expansion of many cancers, including cervical cancer. Reports reveal the down-regulation of MicroRNA-375 (miR-375) within cervical cancer tissues. Nevertheless, the mechanism for regulation of cervical cancer progression by miR-375 is still unknown. The current work deals with the molecular mechanisms orienting the regulatory impacts of miR-375 on invasion and migration in human cervical carcinoma. miRNA expression within cervical cancer tissues was assessed through Stem-loop RT-PCR. The invasion and migration of miR-375 mimic-transfected SiHa cells were observed by the Transwell test and wound healing test, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for predicting the target gene of miR-375, which was validated by the dual-luciferase test. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were utilized for detecting protein expression and mRNA transcription. In cervical cancer, miR-375 expression was 4.2± 0.15-fold lower compared to the adjacent noncancerous tissues. The number of invasive and migrated SiHa cells (32 ± 3.6; 21.86 ± 6.4) transfected with miR-375 mimics were considerably lower in comparison with the NC group (101 ± 7.5; 41 ± 5.6) after 24 hours. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis confirmed JAK2 as a downstream target gene of miR-375. The protein expression and mRNA level of JAK2 in miR-375 mimic-transfected SiHa cells were decreased. The present study indicated that the invasion and migration of SiHa cells are regulated by miR-375 through down regulating JAK2 expression. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for reversing the metastasis of cervical cancer and developing new candidate drugs.


Embracing physical vapor deposition system, GLAD method defines the deposition angle, α, in terms of vapor flux and normal substrate. The substrate rotation angle, φ, defines the azimuthal substrate position relative to an arbitrary starting position. We have fabricated periodic nanostructure through utilizing GLAD to control the film deposition conditions over these arrays. Manganese chiral single ring nanostructure have been created using oblique angle deposition method in conjunction with rotation of normal surface substrate. Employing AFM measurement and J-Microvision software, we obtained structure morphology, the size of grains, surface physical roughness and surface void fraction. The optical spectra of the samples were obtained using a single beam spectrophotometer for the incident light of the surface normal. Moreover, it should be mentioned here that Fresnel formulas and experimental measurements of reflectance and absorption spectra could be applied to obtain the refractive index n and the absorption index k. Since Manganese chiral single ring of fabricated nanostructure with GLAD technique is porous, the plot of the refractive index that was observed as a function of the wavelength index aspect has lower values in comparison with homogeneous Manganese thin film associated with longer wavelengths. Therefore, we can control the refractive index of nanostructure with regard to the film density and porous. It is suggested that GLAD may offer an effective method to attain tailor able refractive index.


The ten selections translated in this issue continue the discussion of this subject that began with "Overseas Studies" (Chinese Education and Society, 31, no. 2 [March-April 1998]) and went on to include "Brain Drain and Brain Gain (I), (II), and (III)" (Chinese Education and Society, 33, no. 5 [September-October 2000], 34, no. 3 [May-June 2001], and 36, no. 2 [March-April 2003]). Unlike the previous issue in this series (March-April 2003), which focused primarily on translations from restricted circulation journals, this issue concentrates more on the widely circulated popular press. However, as with the previous issue, the emphasis here is also on the treatment of returnees rather than the policy of sending students abroad. Many of the articles report on the successes of returnees, although some also stress the challenges they face in competing with those who received their education solely in China. The status of the popular "incubation parks" (chuangye yuan) established in various provinces and municipalities to lure back overseas students and scholars is also addressed in several of these selections.


The purpose of this study was to collect baseline data on dietary habits in order to advise athletes about nutrition practices that might enhance performance, and to evaluate the dietary iron intake and blood iron status of ssirum players. The subjects were 23 ssirum players and divided athletes by two groups(lightweight group: LG, n=10 and heavyweight group: HG, n=13). The mean hemoglobin concentration was 15.28±1.20 g/dl in LG and 15.41.28±1.41 g/dl in HG. Serum iron status was 160.20±43.10 ㎍/dl in LG and 128.53±30.13 ㎍/dl in HG. Mean ferritin concentration was 159.59±8.35 ㎍/dl in LG and 170.35±70.50 ㎍/dl in HG. None of LG and HG had anemia. Dietary information was obtained with a food frequency questionnaire. The mean intakes of calcium, potassium, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 were lower than the respective recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) in LG and HG. Thus, we recommended athletes to increase the intake of supplements such as multivitamins and minerals.


Fruits and Vegetables are basically horticultural products, which deteriorate fast after harvest. High moisture contents and tenderness characterize them. These fruits and vegetables had a very low profile in Morogoro region in the past, but since 1980s they are increasingly being strategic products because they provide employment and contribute to family income. This paper is based on the authors' study (1998) on "the effects of the unavailability of the technical storage facilities to the marketing of fruits and vegetables for economic development in the two districts". The study focused on the major causes of fruits and vegetables its losses and on determination of the trend and constraints pertaining to the fruits and vegetables production and marketing. Primary data were obtained through interviews with randomly selected fruits and vegetables farmers, wholesalers, retailers and consumers. Other data were obtained through group discussions with key informants and personal observations and notes in diary form. The data analysis employed the use of descriptive The main losses identified were both qualitative and quantitative resulting from damages occurring mainly during transportation and unavailability of technical storage facilities at the markets. The paper concludes that Morogoro rural and urban districts seriously lack transport and storage facilities for horticultural products. Intervention strategies that have to be taken to improve the marketing and storage of vegetables and fruits in Morogoro rural and urban district are presented.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
Almond, peach and apricot growers in the Brentwood area suffered considerable damage from the peach tree borer in 1955.


Due to well‐know efficacy of aromatic diamidines and analogues upon a wide range of pathogens including trypanosomatids such as T. cruzi, which still displays a unsatisfactory chemotherapy, our aim was to investigate the biological activity of DB766, a reversed amidine (RA), against bloodstream forms (BT) and amastigotes of T. cruzi (Y strain) in vitro. DB766 displayed an excellent trypanocidal effect towards BT incubated at 37ºC for 24h (IC50 0.05μM). Addition of blood constituents did not impair the drug effect (IC50 0.16μM), measured by incubation at 4ºC/24h. Mammalian cells evaluated by CK‐MB and MTT assays showed the lack of drug toxicity upon uninfected cardiomyocytes (CM) and peritoneal macrophages incubated at doses up to 10.6μM. T. cruzi‐infected CM treated with non‐toxic doses (10.6‐0.04μM) of DB766 resulted in a potent dose and time‐dependent effect (IC50 24h 0.03μM), leading to a considerable reduction in both the percentage of infected cells as well as in the mean number of parasites per infected cells. Fluorescent approaches showed that RA impaired the myofibrils breakdown noticed in T. cruzi‐infected CM not submitted to drug incubation. Our data demonstrate the excellent effect of DB766 against T. cruzi, which merits further in vivo studies currently underway.


Lustica Peninsula in Montenegro was chosen as a study area to provide data
 about the distribution and population density of Stegomyia albopicta. This
 research is a preliminary step in the possible application of the sterile
 male technique (SIT). Fifty-four ovitraps were placed at 9 sites in
 August-September 2011-2012 to check peak seasonal activity. All of the nine
 sites were positive for St. albopicta in 2011; while in 2012, two of the nine
 places were negative. The most continuous presence of adults was registered
 at the locality of Tici, where they were collected throughout the entire
 sampling period. The highest number of eggs per trap (674) and in total was
 collected at Krasici in September 2011. At the localities Mrkovi and Begovici
 with a rare incidence of adults, the smallest number of eggs was counted. The
 two-year-long study showed that a well-established population of St.
 albopicta is persistently present on the peninsula, pointing to the
 possibility of testing the potential of SIT strategy in suppressing
 populations.


Twisted Morava K-theory, along with computational techniques, including a universal coefficient theorem and an Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence, was introduced by Craig Westerland and the first author. We employ these techniques to compute twisted Morava K-theory of all connective covers of the stable orthogonal group and stable unitary group, and their classifying spaces, as well as spheres and Eilenberg-MacLane spaces. This extends to the twisted case some of the results of Ravenel and Wilson and of Kitchloo, Laures, and Wilson for Morava K-theory. This also generalizes to all chromatic levels computations by Khorami (and in part those of Douglas) at chromatic level one, i.e. for the case of twisted K-theory. We establish that for natural twists in all cases, there are only two possibilities: either that the twisted Morava homology vanishes, or that it is isomorphic to untwisted homology. We also provide a variant on the twist of Morava K-theory, with mod 2 cohomology in place of integral cohomology.


The Cathaysia flora, one of four famous floras of Late Carboniferous and Permian periods in the world, is mainly distributed in Asia, such as China, Korea, Japan, Laos, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, etc. China is one of the most important countries for the Cathaysia flora, which derived from the identical Lepidodendropsis flora of the Early Carboniferous on a global scale. From the beginning of the Namurian A, the Cathaysia flora gradually separated from the global Lepidodendropsis flora and it could be recognized as an independent flora in the early Late Carboniferous (Namurian B to C). According to the succession of the Cathaysia flora of different geological ages, the flora may be divided into seven fossil-plant assemblages from early Late Carboniferous to late Late Permian so as to reflect the characteristics of floral evolutionary stages. From the early Late Carboniferous to the early Late Permian, the typical elements of the Cathaysia flora gradually increased. The Cathaysia flora ranged from the beginning of the early Late Carboniferous to the end of the Permian in age. The most obvious changes of dry climate and tectonic movement caused the extinction of the Cathaysia flora by the end of the Late Permian. The Cathaysian floral province, located in the equatorial region under tropical climatic condition during the Carboniferous and Permian, was characterized by lycopods, ferns, pteridosperms, sphenopsids and cordaitean gymnosperms. The vertical structure of floral communities included arbores, tree ferns, shrubs and herbs.


OBJECT
In this study the authors compare the efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) versus CSF shunting for resolution of papilledema in hydrocephalus.

METHODS
This comparative case series study recruited 12 patients (24 eyes) with hydrocephalus who underwent either an ETV (Group 1, 6 patients [12 eyes]) or CSF shunt treatment (Group 2, 6 patients [12 eyes]). A complete ophthalmological examination including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) evaluation by optical coherence tomography was provided for all patients before surgery and in the 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month postoperatively. The 2 groups were compared for quantitative changes in RNFL thickness and, thereby, resolution of papilledema. Statistical evaluation was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test with the aid of SPSS version 16.0.

RESULTS
The mean preoperative RNFL thickness was 259.7 ± 35.8 μm in Group 1 and 244.5 ± 53.4 μm in Group 2 (p = 0.798). The mean decrease in RNFL thickness was 101.3 ± 38.8 μm, 141.2 ± 34.6 μm, and 162.0 ± 35.9 μm in Group 1 versus 97.0 ± 44.6 μm, 143 ± 45.6 μm, and 130.0 ± 59.8 μm in Group 2 for the postoperative 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to decrease in RNFL thickness during the 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month (p = 0.563, p = 0.753, and p = 0.528, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to quantitatively evaluate papilledema in assessing the success of ETV and CSF shunting. The authors' results indicated that ETV is as effective as CSF shunting with respect to decreasing intracranial pressure and resolution of papilledema.


The invention relates to a particle deposition process on a substrate, preferably in the scrolling, comprising the steps of: (a) producing a compact film of particles (4) floating on a carrier liquid (16) provided in an area transfer (14) having an output arranged particles facing the substrate; (B) depositing a substance (72) on the compact film of particles (4) in the transfer zone (14); (C) transferring, through the particle outlet (26) and the substrate (38), the compact particle film (4) coated with the substance (72); then (d) removing the substance (72) so as to carry with it the particles (4) of the film adhering thereto, in order to create at least one recessed area within the film deposited on the substrate.


Objective To investigate the clinical effects of laparoscopic appendectomy surgery for appendicitis. Methods 50cases of laparoscopic appendectomy and 50 cases conventional open appendectomy were randomly sampled in our hospital from February 2010 to December 2012,and they were set into group A and group B respectively and analyzed retrospectively.Results Patients of group A underwent laparoscopic surgery fails,conversion to open surgery,in which three cases of acute suppurative appendicitis,gangrenous and perforated appendicitis in 1 case. Compared with group B,group A had shorter operative time,less blood loss,fewer complications,and shorter hospital stay advantages,the differences were statistically significant( P 0.05),but laparoscopic surgery was more costly than conventional open surgery. Conclusion Laparoscopic appendectomy surgery for appendicitis had obvious advantages,but laparoscopic operation for acute suppurative and gangrenous and perforated appendicitis in patients was difficult,which should be chosen as appropriately as possible.


This paper introduces a filter level pruning method based on similar feature extraction for compressing and accelerating the convolutional neural networks by k-means++ algorithm. In contrast to other pruning methods, the proposed method would analyze the similarities in recognizing features among filters rather than evaluate the importance of filters to prune the redundant ones. This strategy would be more reasonable and effective. Furthermore, our method does not result in unstructured network. As a result, it needs not extra sparse representation and could be efficiently supported by any off-the-shelf deep learning libraries. Experimental results show that our filter pruning method could reduce the number of parameters and the amount of computational costs in Lenet-5 by a factor of 17.9× with only 0.3% accuracy loss. key words: CNNs, filter, pruning, feature extraction, k-means++, structured


A mural tomb of the Western Han dynasty on the Qujiang Campus of Xi'an University of Technology (XAUT), China, was discovered by the Xi'an Municipal Institute of Archaeology and Conservation of Cultural Relics in February 2004. It is a vertical pit tomb with a ramp passage leading to the brick chamber. The layout plan of the tomb looks like the Chinese character 甲, at an angle of 185°. The tomb comprises a tomb passage, side chambers, corridors, and main chamber. The entrance of the tomb corridor is 27.5 m in length; the ramp passage is 29 m in length; the base of the tomb is a vertical distance of 10.8 m from the entrance. All the walls and the ceiling of the tomb chambers are decorated with paintings depicting genre scenes of a procession of carriages, hunting trips, banquets, and cockfighting as well as mythical themes comprising the sun, moon, winged dragon, winged tiger, phoenix, magic crane, and immortals riding flying dragons. The tomb is one of four Western Han mural tombs discovered in Xi'an. It provides important information for studying the social life, funeral, and burial customs and art of painting of the time [1] (Fig. 1).


Survey research on academic skills that ESL students need to function effectively at English-speaking universities has, for the most part, focused extensively on reading and writing skills. Complementary research on subject-matter instructors' perceptions of linguistic/ academic problems of ESL students has similarly emphasized literacy tasks. The present study therefore investigates college/university professors' views on ESL students' difficulties with listening/speaking tasks. Content-area instructors at four different institutions and in a variety of academic disciplines responded to questions and provided comments about their ESL students' aural/oral skills. Respondents felt that their ESL students have great difficulty with class participation, asking and responding to questions, and general listening comprehension (as opposed to lecture comprehension). They also suggested strongly that ESL instructors strive for authenticity in their EAP activities, specifically that they give students opportunities to practice listening to real lectures by a variety of speakers, interact with native speakers, and cope with genre-specific vocabulary, reading materials, and writing tasks.


Objective To contrast the vascularization process of nano-hydroapatite crystals and polyamide composite(n-HA/PA66)and hydroapatite crystals(HA)artificial eyes.Medthods 20 New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups(A1,A2,B1,B2).The A groups were operated by eyeball exenteration and implanting of artificial eyes,the eyeballs in the B groups were enucleated and artificial eyes were implanted.The group A1,and group B1,were implanted in n-HA/PA66 artificial eyes and the group A2 and group B2 were implanted in HA artificial eyes.Each group would be taken one specimen at the 4th,5th,6th,7th and 8th week to undergo pathological procedure for the measurement of capillary vessel depth in the artificial eye,and the percentage of the vascularization was calculated.Results The n-HA/PA66 artificial eyes were vascularized more quickly than the HA in the same surgical operation method.It completed the vascularization process in 7 weeks(P0.05).The vascularization process of the same material artificial eye had no obvious difference in different surgical operation methods(P0.05).Conclusion The n-HA/PA66 may become a new material of artificial eyes.


In this paper we consider the energy-efficient resource allocation that minimizes a general cost function of average user powers for small- or medium-scale wireless sensor networks, where the simple time-division multiple-access (TDMA) is adopted as the multiple access scheme. A class of so-called ß-fair cost functions is derived to balance the tradeoff between efficiency and fairness in energy-efficient designs. Based on such cost functions, optimal channel-adaptive resource allocation schemes are developed for both single-hop and multihop TDMA sensor networks. Relying on stochastic optimization tools, we further develop stochastic resource allocation schemes which are capable of dynamically learning the intended wireless channels and converging to the optimal benchmark without a priori knowledge of channel fading distribution function.


We propose an Event-B framework for modeling the underlying theoretical foundations of Event-B. The aim of this framework is to reuse, for Event-B itself, the refinement development process. This framework introduces first, a functional kernel through an Event-B context, then, it defines Event-B projects, their static and dynamic semantics through Event-B machines. We intend to use this framework for the validation of Event-B plugins related to distribution and for Event-B extensions related to composition and decomposition.


Risk assessments are necessary to anticipate and prevent accidents from occurring or repeating. This paper focuses specifically on the relationship between function and risk by presenting a mathematical mapping from product function to risk likelihood. This type of mapping will aid designers by removing the subjectivity of the likelihood value from a risk element, provide three key risk element properties (design parameter, failure mode, and likelihood) for numerous risk elements with one simple mathematical calculation, and provide a means for inexperienced designers to effectively address risk in the conceptual design phase. In addition, the level of detail a functional model should be written in to produce adequate likelihood risk assessments is examined. Three case studies are used to validate the proposed mapping: A spacecraft orientation subsystem, a subsystem to guide science instruments on an extraterrestrial, and subsystems from a Bell 206 rotorcraft. The work described in this paper continues is part of ongoing research relating function to failure.


This article discusses the effects of sleep deprivation on the mood, cognitive function, and motor performance of police officers. Officers on night or late evening shifts were found more often to have difficulty handling minor irritations (which may account for other studies reporting that officers who work more overtime hours have a greater number of complaints against them), often have trouble remembering things, and have engaged in drowsy driving. Effects of fatigue frequently extends into their personal lives as well. Recommendations are offered on shift scheduling and limiting the number of hours a police officer can work to 16 hours within a 24-hour time span.


With the deepening of urbanization, there is a growing gap between urban and rural development. At present, there are many practical problems and challenges in rural governance in China. After thousands of years, the culture of local scholars has provided favorable conditions for solving these problems. This paper expounds the concept of rural governance, introduces the current situation of rural governance in China, emphatically explains the concept of villager culture, analyzes the times value of villager culture in detail, and proposes the realization path of the times value of


160 Beamed energy concepts offer an alternative for an advanced propulsion system. The use of a remote power source reduces the weight of the propulsion system in flight and this, combined with the high performance, provides significant payload gains. Within the context of this study's baseline scenario, two beamed energy propulsion concepts are potentially attractive: solar thermal propulsion and laser thermal propulsion. The conceived beamed energy propulsion devices generally provide low thrust (tens of pounds to hundreds of pounds); therefore, they are typically suggested for cargo transportation. For the baseline scenario, these propulsion systems can provide propulsion between the following nodes (see fig. 34):


Three hyphomycetous fungi belonging to the Gloiosporae of the Staurosporae (Moniliales) are described and illustrated. The name Volucrispora aurantiaca n. gen., n. sp. is suggested for an organism ...


The Hilbert space of a physical qubit typically features more than two energy levels. Using states outside the qubit subspace can provide advantages in quantum computation. To benefit from these advantages, individual states of the $d$-dimensional qudit Hilbert space have to be discriminated properly during readout. We propose and analyze two measurement strategies that improve the distinguishability of transmon qudit states. Based on a model describing the readout of IBM Quantum devices, both strategies aim to minimize drive-frequency dependent assignment errors of qudit states and are compared to the default measurement. In addition, we propose to employ higher-order $X$-gates that make use of two-photon transitions for qudit state preparation.


1. Ophthalmic compositions of a water-based suspension for topical application, containing: carboxyvinyl polymer in a concentration of from 0.1 to 0.5% (wt./about.), Galactomannan in a concentration of from 0.1 to 0.4% (weight. / vol.); borate in a concentration of from 0.4 to 2.0% (weight./vol.); a moderately soluble particulate compound, the aforementioned compound having a solubility in water at 25 ° C. of 0.001 to 0.1% (w / v) and a particle size of 50 to 700 nm. 2. The composition according to claim 1, additionally containing a means for adjusting the pH in an amount sufficient to ensure that the composition has a pH from 5.0 to 7.2.3. The composition according to claim 1, additionally containing a means for regulating the tonicity in an amount sufficient that the composition has an osmolality of 250 to 350 mOsmol / kg. The composition according to claim 1, in which the above poorly soluble compound in the form of particles is nepafenac in a concentration of from 0.1 to 1.0% (wt./about.). The composition according to claim 1, wherein the aforementioned carboxyvinyl polymer is a carbomer at a concentration of 0.4% (w / v). The composition according to claim 1, further comprising a grinding agent in a concentration of from 0.005 to 0.1% (w / v). The composition of claim 6, wherein said grinding means is a surfactant or polymer. The composition of claim 7, wherein said grinding aid is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a tonicity control agent, which is a metal chloride salt. The composition according to claim 9, wherein said metal chloride salt is sodium chloride at a concentration of 0.4% (w / v). The composition according to claim 1, complementary


This paper argues that Italian sf films imagine a distinctly non-Italian future. This future is not simply, as in much global science fiction, one in which we have transcended nation states, but a future without Italians, one in which there is no trace of Italian characters. The philosopher Roberto Esposito argues that Italian thinking is distinctively Italian precisely in its lack of coherent national character, a lack that emerges from its essentially biopolitical character—it recognizes the fragility of the body, as well as the fragility of the body politic, that cannot be "immunized" against historical risk, made safe for the future. This insight allows us in turn to understand two of the most salient features of Italian sf films: their preference for post-apocalyptic (and hence post-national and non-national) scenarios, often presented as serious speculations about the future, and their insistence on marking visions of a specifically Italian future as parodic or ludicrous. Following these two lines, the essay reviews the history of Italian sf cinema, particularly from the 1960s to the present. This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Tue, 30 Aug 2016 05:16:34 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


A method of designing WDM driver by using DriverStudio is presented in the paper in order that the CNC application can communicate with the motion controlling card. With the motion controlling card based on PCI bus as the object, the paper describes the primary steps to design WDM driver on the basis of structuring the hardware of the card. The WDM driver for the motion con- trolling card based on PCI bus has been developed and tested in Windows environment, and the prospective target has been achieved.


Productivity of maize in Central Sulawesi has been significantly low. The evidence has been a challenge on maize development in this area. Rational fertilization based on soil conditions and nutrient requirement of plants croped, has saved use of fertilizer, increased efficiency of the farm and also reduced negative impacts of chemical fertilizer. This will sustain the use of land resource. The researceh aimed to establish phosphorus fertilizer recomendation for maize crops at several levels of soil nutrients status in dryland rationally and spesicific location. The research was conducted in for stages i.e.: (1) survey on nutrient status, (2) calibration test and correlation study, (3) availability class determination of P and (4) composting P fertilizer recomendation. Split plot design was used. Main plot was soil nutrients status, consisting of 4 levels and sub plot was fertilizer dosage consisting of 5 levels, with 3 replications. The size of each plot was 4 m x 5 m. The results showed that the treatments applied indicated an interaction. Nutrient availability class and plant responses were divided by tree classes i.e: low, medium and high level with extraction methods (reagents) that excellently correlate, are Trough, Colwell and Bray 1 methods. Optimun dosage of P fertilizer for treatment were,  76 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 for  low nutrient status 41 kg P 2 O 5  ha -1 for medium  nutrient status and   high nutrient status to nutrient status very high, P fertilizer was not required.


The invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene/oxygen vacancy lithium titanate composite material. The method comprises the following steps: mixing titanium dioxide and deionized water at a certain ratio while stirring, thereby obtaining a suspension; dissolving lithium hydroxide in the deionized water, thereby obtaining aqueous solution of the lithium hydroxide; mixing the aqueous solution of the lithium hydroxide with the titanium dioxide suspension; mixing the mixed solution with graphene oxide solution, performing ball milling in a stirring state to obtain a precursor solution, and performing spray drying; and calcining the dried product in vacuum at high temperature, thereby obtaining blue lithium titanate with oxygen vacancy. According to the method disclosed by the invention, graphene serves as a reducing agent and promotes production of oxygen vacancy in lithium titanate in the high-temperature calcining process, the conductivity of lithium titanate is effectively improved, the prepared product is uniform in particle size and unified in morphology and has stable charge and discharge performances, the process is simple, and large-scale production is easily realized.


Sensors are among essential building blocks of any Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). Acquisition and processing of their sensory data contribute to the power consumption and computation load of the overall CPSs. For data acquisition, the conventional fixed frequency sampling in many such systems is sub-optimal since a sizable number of samples do not contain important information. In this work, we propose a Signal-Dependent Sampling (SDS) method and present its associated circuit implementation. Using the proposed SDS method, the number of retained samples is significantly reduced with little or negligible compromise in the quality of the (reconstructed) signal. The associated error and added noise are analyzed and their boundaries — which can be controlled by the user — are calculated. Our experiments show that the proposed system is able to improve power efficiency of the overall system in various applications. For example, for wireless Electrocardiography (ECG), Photoplethysmography (PPG), and Electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring systems, the proposed approach can achieve a power saving of 81%, 76%, and 64% respectively. The proof-of-concept prototype system is implemented using TSMC $0.18~\mu \text{m}$ and has a foot-print and power consumption that compare favorably with those of the state-of-the-art implementations. The method can be used in a variety of applications including wireless sensor networks, mobile and wearable devices, as well as Internet of Things (IoT) nodes.


Storage roots are important for the growth and development in plants because they provide nutrients, water, and energy storage. Storage roots are also modulating growth direction, disease resistance, and root formation at the cellular and molecular level through interactions of genes and gene networks. However, molecular mechanisms regulating storage root formation in plants are not fully understood. In this review, we have overviewed transcriptional regulation of storage root formation, proteomic regulation of storage root formation, ethylene regulation of storage root formation, auxin regulation of storage root formation, gene expression regulation of storage root formation, and metabolism regulation of storage root formation. We have reviewed the basic regulatory principles of storage root formation from the network of genomics to proteomics and metabolism in plants that will be valuable to research work in storage root growth and development regulation at the molecular level. Keywords— Gene expression, post-transcriptional gene silencing, storage root development.


Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a strategy for teaching neonatal resuscitation on the cognitive knowledge of health professionals who attend deliveries in Ghana, West Africa. Methods: Train-the-trainer model was used to train health professionals at 2–3 day workshops from 2003 to 2007. Obstetric Anticipatory Care and Basic Neonatal Care modules were taught as part of Neonatal Resuscitation Training package. American Neonatal Resuscitation Program was adapted to the clinical role of participants and local resources. Cognitive knowledge was evaluated by written preand post-training tests. Results: The median pre-training and post-training scores were 38% and 71% for midwives, 43% and 81% for nurses, 52% and 90% for nurse anaesthetists, and 62% and 98% for physicians. All groups of the 271 professionals (18 nurse anaesthetists, 55 nurses, 68 physicians, and 130 midwives) who completed the course showed significant improvement (p < 0.001) in median post-training test scores. Midwives at primary health care facilities were less likely to achieve passing post-test scores than midwives at secondary and tertiary facilities [35/53 vs. 24/26 vs. 45/51 (p = 0.004)] respectively. Conclusion: Evidence-based neonatal resuscitation training adapted to local resources significantly improved cognitive knowledge of all groups of health professionals. Further modification of training for midwives working at primary level health facilities and incorporation of neonatal resuscitation in prof continuing education and


New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization has been drilling well WD-1 and employing micro-earthquake monitoring and tri-axial drill-bit VSP as the exploration techniques for the deep geothermal reservoir in the Kakkonda geothermal field, Japan. The results of them are as follows: (1) More than 1000 micro-earthquakes were observed from December 23, 1994 to July 1, 1995 in the Kakkonda geothermal field. Epicenters are distributed NW-SE from a macroscopic viewpoint; they distribute almost in the same areas as the fractured zone in the Kakkonda shallow reservoir as pointed out by Doi et al. (1988). They include three groups trending NE-SW. Depths of hypocenters range from the ground surface to about -2.5 km Sea level; they seem to be deeper in the western part. (2) Well WD-1 drilled into a swarm of micro-earthquakes at depths 1200 to 2200 m and encountered many lost circulations in those depths. However, these earthquakes occurred before well WD-1 reached those depths. (3) The bottom boundary of micro-earthquake distribution has a very similar shape to that of the top of the Kakkonda granite, though all of the micro-earthquakes are plotted 300 m shallower than the top of the granite. (4) The TAD VSP shows a possibilitymore » of existence of seismic reflectors at sea levels around -2.0, -2.2 and -2.6 km. These reflectors seem to correspond to the top of the Pre-Tertiary formation, the top of the Kakkonda granite and reflectors within the Kakkonda granite.« less


Kobayshi's conjecture proposes that the general hypersurface X of P3 of degree ≥ 5 is hyperbolic. This paper shows that nodal hypersurfaces X with many nodes are algebraically quasi-hyperbolic, i.e. there are only finitely many rational and elliptic curves on X. A key element is the existence of many symmetric log-differentials in the minimal resolution of the nodal hypersurface.


Neurological disorders are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. In the UK between 2003 and 2005, women with neurological conditions accounted for 37 out of a total 87 'indirect' maternal deaths (those not arising from pregnancy or birth), with stroke (n = 24) and epilepsy (n =11)1 accounting for the majority of deaths from neurological causes2. Neurological assessment can distinguish between neurological symptoms that are common in pregnancy (such as dizziness, pain and urinary frequency) and those that might indicate a more significant disorder. Neurological conditions can arise from 'organic' disorders, which are usually associated with clear-cut abnormalities with neurological investigations, but may also result from less well understood 'functional' problems, typically causing pain, fatigue or even alteration in levels of consciousness. All neurological conditions may present both medical and obstetric challenges to clinicians unfamiliar with their management within the context of pregnancy. Fortunately, the natural history of key neurological conditions has been observed during pregnancy, providing a useful basis on which to counsel women and organize services. Less information is available about the safety of neurological treatments or investigations during pregnancy or obstetric and neonatal outcomes for these women. Therefore, many decisions rely on applying key obstetric and neurological principles to situations where published data are not available. This chapter outlines neurological assessment and investigation in pregnancy before considering the most common and important neurological presentations – multiple sclerosis, stroke, epilepsy and pain. These conditions arise from different pathologies, but their management allows the basic principles of management of other neurological conditions to be described. Overall women with preexisting neurological conditions, or women who present with neurological symptoms during pregnancy rely on good communication between their obstetrician, neurologist, physician, neonatologist and anesthetist to achieve optimal obstetric and neonatal outcomes.


A 25‐year‐old woman, diagnosed with Kallmann's syndrome and wanting to become pregnant, visited our hospital. Because her serum gonadotropin levels indicated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a main symptom of Kallmann's syndrome, we attempted to induce ovulation using a low‐dose human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) step‐up protocol. In this protocol, 75 IU of hMG was used as an initial dose and this was continued for the first 14 days because adequate follicular development was not achieved. The dose of hMG was subsequently increased to 150 IU for the next 7 days. After 22 days from the start of stimulation, two follicles had developed, and were ovulated using an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin. She became pregnant, and her pregnancy was uneventful during the first trimester; however, in the second trimester both uterine contractions and blood pressure could not be controlled, and at 27 weeks' gestation she delivered a male infant weighing 830 g by cesarean section.


Microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS, constitute a group of microdevices that are just beginning to affect many areas of science and technology. In diverse fields including the automotive industry, aeronautics, cellular communications, chemistry, acoustics, and display technologies and other photonic systems, these highly functional devices are making a big name for themselves, despite their diminutive size.


To capture the fine details of integrated circuits and small antennas, the mesh size is usually much smaller than the wavelength. When the traditional RWG-type bases are used, the electric field integral equation suffers from low-frequency breakdown. This problem can be solved by using the loop-star/tree basis. We have developed a code which uses the loop-tree basis and the low-frequency multi-level fast multipole algorithm to solve a large linear system with small size mesh. The fine details are simulated accurately and efficiently from very low frequencies to very high frequencies. To validate the code, some canonical problems which have closed form solutions are simulated. One of the canonical problems is the scattering from a conducting sphere. We found that the cancellation exists in not only for the excitation on a loop basis function, but also the calculation of the far electric field. We discuss how the cancellation is removed analytically in calculating the far field from a loop basis function. The cancellation also exists in the interaction associated with a loop basis function when it is far away from the other basis function.


: The problem faced by humans today is the void of faith and morals along with the development and progress of science and technology. In this case, Sufism is brought to society as a solution to overcome and anticipate humans' psychological problems in the rethinking of Islamic values. This research was conducted at the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village, which implements Sufism in instilling spiritual values in the society. This study aims to describe (1) the implementation of Sufism in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village. (2) The implications of Sufism on the spiritual character of the society in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village. This is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach using a phenomenological type. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The implementation of Sufism in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar in Plakpak Pamekasan Village through a process of reflection carried out in isitighasah activities. (2) The implications of Sufism on the spiritual character of the society in the Islamic Forum of Karang Anyar, Plakpak Pamekasan Village are repentance, increased worship, and better behavior.


According to the production status of low copper concentrate recovery, the technological reformations of flotation process and flotation reagent in the processing plant were carried out on the basis of using the experiences of similar mines for reference and flotation tests.The grade of copper concentrate after reformation increased 3.31%,the recovery of copper concentrate increased 5.17%,and the recovery of gold concentrate increased 4.15%.


Presents the development of a neural-network-based bird removal approach for wind profiler data. Bird removal was attempted by training traditional feedforward neural networks (FFNNs) and quantum neural networks (QNNs) to identify and remove bird-contaminated data recorded by a 1290 MHz wind profiler. A series of experiments evaluated several sets of features extracted from wind profiler data, various FFNNs and QNNs of different sizes, and criteria employed for identifying birds in wind profiler data based on the outputs of the trained neural networks.


The need to maximize the exhaust pipe inside surface and to minimize exhaust resistance And Find the best point between the exhaust and the duration of contact between the two surfaces. Exhaust gas mass flow On the whole cross section of catalytic converters more uniform distribution will contribute to its usability. Based on the flow rate of fluid traces given color, Exhaust fluid resistance in the porous catalyst can be estimated, from the efficiency of the catalytic converter that is very important.


The process conditions and control points of PVC film lamination were systematically introduced,and the test methods of the laminate properties were given.


Staying awake means staying alive. This is a slogan used to describe a research study on sleep apnea sponsored by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration and the American Transportation Research Institute of the American Trucking Associations. The research project addressed the prevalence of sleep apnea among commercial truck drivers, potential risk factors, and its impact on driving performance. This Tech Brief summarizes the project's final report, "A Study of Prevalence of Sleep Apnea Among Commercial Truck Drivers."


This paper prensents the existing problems of a DEM1460T9 schenck weighfeeder in the adjustment of processing.and some concrete problems are discussed thoroughly.The ace of this article accounts prepared work and method of adjustment and factors of influence before the adjustment,and some relative conclusions are gained.


To illustrate how Bayesian logic underpins qualitative research, we provide an application to Fairfield's (2015) work on tax policy change in Latin America. Fairfield (2013) elaborated a methodological appendix that we believe is the first published account that explicitly applies process-tracing tests to elucidate causal inferences in the author's case narratives. In the following exercise, which is also the first of its kind, we revise that appendix by replacing the language of process-tracing tests with direct applications of Bayes' theorem. While we advocate a Bayesian approach to inference over process-tracing tests, we stress the fundamental difficulty of assigning quantitative probabilities in the complex world of social science.


Introduction: With increasing health care costs, complex conditions such as heart failure (HF) are becoming more resource intensive. The epidemiology of HF among pediatric patients is relatively un...


Samples of the calcite-rich Shelburne Marble collected at the Pfizer Quarry in Adams, Massachusetts, show an order of magnitude variation in grain size. Calcite grain size ranges from 94 to 1101 μm. Because these calcite marbles share the same pressure, temperature and strain histories, some other factor must be responsible for the grain size variation.

Grain size appears to be controlled by the concentration of impurity or second-phase particles. Large calcite grain size occurs where the volume fraction of second-phase particles is low and grain size decreases as second-phase volume fraction increases. The relationship between calcite grain size (D), second-phase grain size (d ) and second-phase volume fraction ( f ) can be described by the power law D/d=1.4/f  0.36, a result that is consistent with models based upon short-term (hours or days) laboratory experiments with metals and ceramics and computer simulations of grain growth. Grain growth appears to be greatly restricted by as little as a few per cent of second-phase particles, with a transition from highly restricted to almost unrestricted grain growth occurring at ≈5% volume of second-phase particles. These results indicate that second-phase particles exercise an important control on grain size and can effectively inhibit grain growth in metamorphic rocks. The behaviour of second-phases in short-term laboratory experiments may closely approximate the behaviour of second-phases in grain growth lasting several orders of magnitude longer in the metamorphic environment.


Preassessment of perioperative patients is essential to prepare patients for anaesthesia, surgery and recovery, and to ensure that they understand the anaesthetic and surgical procedures, as well as their postoperative recovery period. This role can be carried out by operating department practitioners (ODPs) and nurses, and they also need to understand the physiological status of the patient so they can inform perioperative staff (including anaesthetists, surgeons and perioperative practitioners) of any issues the patient has. This article covers preoperative assessment, planning and education, and postoperative care, including reducing postoperative complications.


A carbon dioxide absorber characterized by comprising porous inorganic particles and a carbon-dioxide-absorbing material incorporated into pores of the porous inorganic particles, the carbon-dioxide-absorbing material having been enclosed in the pores with a resin.


The paper analyzes the foreign economic activities of the Far East Region, as well as shows its geographical focuses and presents commodity structure of foreign trade turnover. The review is prepared by the department for customs statistics of the federal customs revenue service of the Far Eastern Customs Directorate.


The present invention relates to a display device and method of manufacturing display device. The present invention provides a simplified manufacturing process and a display device with high reliability. a display device includes: a pixel electrode, which is for a plurality of pixels each provided with; the common pixel electrode, which is in a plurality of pixels each one common, arranged on the pixel electrode; an organic layer arranged on the pixel electrode and the common pixel electrode.; a first insulating layer arranged on the common pixel electrode; a common potential line on the first insulating layer, a common pixel electrode and an organic layer are stacked together, is arranged on the lower layer than the organic layer against the position.; a contact electrode which is provided on the common potential line, extending through the first insulating layer, a common pixel electrode and an organic layer opening portion; a second insulating layer which covers the first insulating layer and the contact electrode.


A large body of literature has linked bean consumption to improved nutrition and health for consumers. Yet, there is also evidence that consuming the beans is not a sufficient condition for benefitting from the nutrients found in the legume. Due to anti-nutrition factors that limit bioavailability of these nutrients to the human body, literature recommends eating beans "frequently" to increase the bio-availability of the nutrients to humans. Unfortunately, literature on what determines frequent consumption is too scant to help stakeholders develop workable programs aimed at achieving this goal. In contributing towards addressing this problem, we apply an ordered probit model to bean consumption data collected in Lilongwe city to assess effects of consumer characteristics and consumer preference for bean attributes on frequency of kidney beans consumption. We innovate by eliciting the heterogeneous effects of these attributes on marginal probabilities of eating beans at different levels of frequency. We find that female consumers have higher probabilities of eating the beans at least once weekly than males. Furthermore, increasing consumer education and incomes increases the probabilities of more frequent consumption. We do not find any price or bean attribute effects, though. We discuss the implications of these results for policymaking.


An embodiment of the utility model provides a percutaneous pjncture needle that is fit for B ultrasonic location for improve the development state of percutaneous pjncture needle under the supersound effect. The utility model discloses technical scheme includes: a percutaneous pjncture needle that is fit for B ultrasonic location, includes stylophore and nook closing member, the nook closing member includes needle point, nook closing member somatic part, the needle point external in the stylophore, the nook closing member somatic part includes nook closing member somatic part head end and non - nook closing member somatic part head end, the outer wall of nook closing member somatic part head end with the inner wall laminating of stylophore, the outer wall of non - nook closing member somatic part head end with the space has between the inner wall of stylophore.


Optimal design and its software of spindle bearing system for manufacturing equipments are provided in this paper.Emphasis of this paper lies in the development a software to design the optimal structural parameters for spindle of the lathe,milling machine and other manufac turing equipments. The functions of the developed software are very wide.It can be used to design the main spindle with two or three supports and also can be used to calculate the stiffness of spindle either with or without considering the deflection of bearing supports.In order to suit the needs of specific machine tools,the working condition,the kinds of spindle support and the structure requirements can be selected in real time.The best stiffness of spindle can be obtained by this developed software. Compared with manual design,the optimal design has many advantages that the quality is not only higher,but also the effi ciency can be raised over hundred times.Through the practical cases the pretty good results are varified.


Amino acid conjugation is a novel biotransformation pathway in man for a limited number of xenobiotic carboxylic acids. It involves two mitochondrial enzymatic processes: formation of a reactive xenobiotic-CoA thioester intermediate, catalyzed by an ATP-dependent acid:CoA synthetase (ACSM), and linkage of the activated acyl group via an acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) to the amino group of the acceptor amino acid. However, knowledge of amino acid conjugation in terms of enzyme multiplicity, protein structure, and xenobiotic substrate selectivity is not well advanced.

Keywords:

amino acid conjugation;
medium chain acyl-CoA synthetase;
acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase;
salicylic acid;
benzoic acid;
hippuric acid;
salicylurate;
glycine;
xenobiotic-CoA thioesters


Introduction: Poisoning by pesticides is a public health concern in developing countries. Paraquat is widely used as a means of suicide in third world countries because it is available at very low cost and has low-dose toxicity and ten milliliters of it is fatal. This study is designed to report cases of paraquat poisoning. Material and Method: all cases of paraquat poisoning hospitalized in Razi hospital within the period of early 2004 to late 2014 were studied. Accordingly a checklist included patients' demographic data (age, gender, location, occupation, educational level, marital status), information on patients' records (history of a particular disease, history of using paraquat, suicide), information on poisoning (mode of poisoning, type of use, nausea after usage and organ damage) and information on treatment and therapy programs (the interval between the usage and getting to the hospital, interval between the hospitalization and receiving the first hemodialysis, patients' treatment plan, length of hospitalization, result and complications associated with treatment) that is filled based on the records. In order to analyze the data using descriptive statistics including frequency tables, diagrams and numeric indices the variables will be described. Data analysis will be done by SPSS V 18 software. Results: The symptoms observed in patients were associated with nausea and vomiting, mouth ulcers, sore throat, epigastric pain, respiratory distress and intubation and organ damage that nausea and vomiting was the most common complication. Finally 58 cases (95.1%) of the poisonings led to death and 3 patients (4.9%) were discharged with normal World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 6.805 Volume 5, Issue 10, 1254-1261. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 *Corresponding Author


Illustrations Preface Introduction 1. Being a Man: 1. Home 2. Politics 3. First things 4. Study Part II. Creating Prosperity: 5. Food 6. Economics 7. Production 8. Accumulation Part III. Ordering the World: 9. People 10. Governance 11. Community 12. Civilization Conclusion Notes References Character List Index.


Consider likelihood inference about a scalar function V of a parameter 0. Two methods of constructing a likelihood function for V are conditioning and marginalizing. If, in the model with V held fixed, T is ancillary, then a marginal likelihood may be based on the distribution of T, which depends only on V; alternatively, if a statistic S is sufficient when V is fixed, then a conditional likelihood function may be based on the conditional distribution of the data given S. The statistics T and S are generally required to be the same for each value of V. In this paper, we consider the case in which either T or S is allowed to depend on V. Hence, we might consider the marginal likelihood function based on a function Tp or the conditional likelihood given a function Sp. The properties and construction of marginal and conditional likelihood functions based on parameter-dependent functions are studied. In particular, the case in which Tp and Sp may be taken to be functions of the maximum likelihood estimators is considered and approximations to the resulting likelihood functions are presented. The results are illustrated on several examples.


Abstract The constant presence of parabens in natural surface waters has raised a growing concern of the potential long-term toxic effects that parabens may have in wildlife, mainly as endocrine disruptors. The present report describes the results of a study in which different photocatalyzed systems, such as photo-Fenton, Fenton, UV-H2O2, UV-TiO2 and UV-TiO2-H2O2, were applied to the removal of these recalcitrant pollutants in some surface waters, including natural (e.g. rivers) and man-made (e.g. reservoirs and wastewater treatment plants). Degradation of four widely-used parabens (methyl-paraben, ethyl-paraben, propyl-paraben and butyl-paraben) was analyzed. Experimental results reveal that the most efficient method to combat these emerging pollutants was photo-Fenton. When this process was optimized, optimal removal efficiency was attained using doses of H2O2 and Fe(II) equal to 2.92·10−4 mol dm-3 and 1.85·10−5 mol dm-3, respectively. It is also worth noting that the removal rate of these contaminants is slower in natural waters. The results suggest that the photo-Fenton process is promising and maybe an adequate technology for the treatment of these persistent contaminants.


As the biggest developing country, China generate huge amount of CO 2 emissions. Some studies suggest that export trade is an important contributor to this, and China has been the pollution haven for developed countries. A few developed countries also treat this as an excuse to take measures to punish China. This study calculates the amount of CO 2 emissions of 18 exporting industries in China using the data from 2001 to 2010. The findings reveal that the amount of CO 2 emissions is the result of export volume multiplying carbon emission per unit export. Carbon emission per unit export is dropping year by year, as the total amount of CO 2 emissions is rising year by year. As a result, the major contributor to huge amount of CO 2 emissions in export is the increasing volume of export inducing by abroad consumption. Empirical study also reveals that China has not been the pollution haven for developed countries.


daring, precise, and original. H e juxta poses reparations and sacramental action as prerequisites for healing (Chap. 1). H e posits protest as the necessary begin ning for a h u m a n / d i v i n e conversation leading toward c o m m u n i o n (Chap. 2). His canonical explication of the fourth a n d tenth c o m m a n d m e n t s is masterful, deftly a t tuned to the restlessness and greed of our age (Chap. 3). T h e r e is preaching material here aplenty! Yet what of the poetry? Brueggemann spews out adjectives that confuse more than clarify: " inchoateness," "missional," a n d "originan'." Many parallelisms sink ra ther than sing: "Sunday m o r n i n g is the practice of counter life through counter speech" (p. 3). T h e commas multiply, even thesis has its antithesis, and allit eration often wins out over sense (note the shift to "reparat ions" and "residue" in Chap. 1). Surely this is not the poetry Brueggemann desires from preachers ! T h e further o n e gets from the intro duction, the better the book and its writing get. Brueggemann ' s two exposi tory "sermons" on Daniel are exquisite. This is the dynamic, yet careful, exegete a n d instructor we have met before. I sincerely fear there is a temptat ion at work here. T o m Wolfe once contrasted those who write because the) have "a certain musical facility with words" and those who have " something to say" (Harpers, Nov. 89, p. 52). I thought it a false distinction at the time. After read ing and listening to this book, I am no longer quite as sure.


Yeon-Cheon dam was built in Han-Tan river in south Korea in May 1985. It was originally constructed for the purpose of small hydro power made by concrete and partly earth. And it was located cross the mid stream of Han-Tan river having hilly topographic characteristic. Therefore it has run-of-river type reservoir with very short detention time and small storage volume. Yeon-Cheon dam was destroyed in 1st Aug. 1999 due to extremely heavy rain, and the dam failure yielded the disaster downstream area form dam site. But there is no accurate information and records about failure time and duration because it happened in the early dawn, so the public arguments are growing up to now. This case study is to predict the dam failure time and simulation model is established as an un-coupled type which are runoff model, dam breach model and flood routing model. The uncoupled model for prediction dam failure time include HEC-HMS model for runoff rate at dam site, DAMBRK module of FLDWAV model for flow rate through dam failure part, and unsteady simulation model called of HEC-RAS model for flood routing in the downstream reach from dam. Simulation results show that peak runoff rate at dam is 10,324 m3/sec total runoff volume is 1,264million m3 and peak time is 05:00 1st Aug. 1999. Where total rainfall during 4 days is 861.9mm and peak runoff rate of 10,324 m3/sec is exceeding in the design return period of 200 years of Han-Tan river. Also the simulated peak discharge through dam including gate over flowed is 12,054.8 m3/sec and dam failure time is estimated at 02:45 until 03:10 1st Aug. Dam failure time can be determined by comparing the simulated results of observed water surface stage.


Classical multi-echelon repairable item inventory models are based either on steady-state distribution or infinite repair capacity,which are at variance with real situation.A repairable item inventory model based on limited repair capacity and non-stationary demands was put forward.The system performance measure was analyzed and the model was solved with queuing theory and other related means.Algorithm analysis was carried out with real examples.The results showed that the model can satisfy the lowest system cost requirement and realize the goal of minimal total shortage.


Objective To analyse anesthesia of valvular substitution of the patients with huge left ventricle during consecutive open heart operation,retrospectively.Methods 21 cases with heart failure(class Ⅱ 6,class Ⅲ 8,class IV 7),the LVEDD was 72~94mm,EF was 32%~78%,the induction of anaesthesia was carried out with low dosage of midazolam,etomidate,fentanyl,succinylcholine.And circulatory function was adjusted by dopamine,sodium nitroprusside and phosphodiesteraes inhibitors-milrnone.Results Stable anesthesia induction was reached,and no hemodynamics disturbance was occurred in all patients.BIS was lower(P0.05),no patient died.Conclusions Successful anesthesia of valvular substitution for patients with huge left ventricle might depend on adequate anesthesia induction and application of vasoactive agents.BIS is a effective mean for guidingthe the anesthesia induction.


Cesarean section means the exit of one or more newborns, or
rarely, a dead fetus through the incision in the mother's abdominal
wall and the uterus...


Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) kheiliana Obenberger, 1931 species-group is defined and revised, four new species are described: A. (H.) impressipennis, sp. nov. (Tanzania), A. (H.) nasheri, sp. nov. (Yemen), A. (H.) occulta, sp. nov. (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania) and A. (H.) zambiana, sp. nov. (Zambia). All species are keyed and diagnostic characters of the group and all species are illustrated.


There are many universe models, and the universe model based on general relativity has gained wide acceptance. The Big Bang theory is a view that many researchers accepted. However, what is the mechanism of The Big Bang in the universe, why the Universe Big Bang is produced, and what happened to the universe before the Big Bang in the universe, none of which is a good theory to explain. If we agree that there is Virtual Spacetime, we can explain the current expansion of the universe and the possible shrinkage from the mutual oscillation relationship between Virtual Spacetime and Real Spacetime. It is the expansion and contraction of the universe that is caused by the back and forth oscillation of the real spacetime and virtual spacetime component energy forms of the universe. That is, the mass and energy of the universe's Virtual and Real Spacetime transform each other, causing the expansion and contraction effects of the universe. The energy of Virtual Spacetime reflects the mass in Real Spacetime. In Real Spacetime, the reduction of the mass of the universe leads to an increase in the kinetic energy of Real Spacetime. Conversely, if the kinetic energy of Real Spacetime is reduced and the total mass of the universe is increased, it reflects the contraction of the universe. In addition, through the assumptions of Virtual Spacetime, we can also obtain a variety of states that may exist in the universe, including at least two states of gas and liquid. That is to say, if we look at the material composition of the universe from the scale of the universe, the forms of these substances include at least two forms, gaseous and liquid. The division of these two states of the universe also means that we can use the knowledge of fluid mechanics to deal with various problems of the universe.


This paper examines, through the lens of critical race theory (CRT), beliefs often asserted by self-described, open-minded white educators about their students of color. While these teachers may perceive themselves as liberal and inclusive, their interactions with students of color are shrouded by white privilege which can be disenfranchising to students of color. By countering these ascribed beliefs with research, theory, and qualitative experiences, the authors aim to expose how white privilege manifests within the typical classroom and to invite all white educators to examine their racial attitudes and beliefs. Using CRT, the authors* make recommendations for strategies to develop white teachers into white allies.


T > Y the firft Septenary o f the Centenary of the JQ B il^ c f Mortality for the City of , from the Year 1616 to Anno 16x4, it appears, that there died in that Electoral Capital $136 Perfons ; and in the laft Septenary of the faid Centenary, from Anno 1709 to 1717, 8836. And by the firft (Septenary o f the fame Centenary o f the Bills of Mortality of the Imperial City ofAugsburgh, ftQV0L the Year 1616 to Anno 1614,1* appears that there died in that City 113 7 1 ; | and in die laft Septenary, from 1709 to Anm 1717, only 6297 j whereby 4s eyinc'd the great Vieiffitudes of fublunary Affairs, in the vaft Disparity between th* aforefaid Cities; for as the former has increafed near two Thirds in the Number of its Inhabitants, fo hath the latter decreafed near one H alf in the faid Space of Time.


This study involved 1072 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows that were raised in 12 farms of the Kujawsko-Pomorskie province and culled between 2000 and 2012. Statistical calculations accounted for the effect of certain factors (age of cow at first calving, production level in the first lactation, housing system, herd size) on cow lon- gevity (lifespan, length of productive life, number of calvings) and lifetime perfor- mance (GLM procedure of SAS) and proportion of culled cows (FREQ procedure of SAS). Increasing cow herd size had a negative effect (P 0.01) on longevity and li- fetime performance. Likewise, efforts to maximize first lactation milk yield (> 10 000 kg milk) may shorten (P 0.05) the lifespan of the cows. Among the culled cows, as much as 90% were culled for reasons unplanned by breeders. Alarmingly, culling le- vels were particularly high (92%) in the largest herds (> 100 cows). Cows were culled mainly for infertility, and this reason for culling was particularly noticeable in cows that were oldest at first calving (> 30 months of age); yielded more than 10 000 kg of milk as primiparous cows; and were used in herds of 51-100 cows.


Photocopy of a letter from M'Lou Bancroft, executive director of the Edward and Betty Marcus Foundation, to Jack Davis and William McCarter, co-directors of North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts. The letter is in regards to a check Bancroft has sent for the continued support of the foundation to the institute.


Advanced seismic modelling is the key to survey evaluation and design. Two different but complementary ray-based methods are presented: (1) the classic ray-tracing approach with a focus on illumination mapping and attribute filtering, and (2) simulation of depth migrated seismic images of the reservoir as based on illumination vectors. Combining these methods, shot and receiver positions can be optimized, fold and amplitude at target level can be verified, both lateral and vertical resolution can be estimated, and final seismic (depth migrated) images can be simulated and compared for a given survey setup and various overburden properties. Examples are shown for a 3D VSP case and an ocean bottom cable reference case.