The role of technical services librarians is being questioned as libraries downsize their operations. Technical services librarians can take a proactive approach to redefining their roles rather than waiting for change to be forced upon them. At one ARL library, technical services librarians initiated discussions with the administration to redefine their roles, increase their involvement in library decision-making, and improve their own career development opportunities. This paper will describe the process used at one library and how this model can be applied in other settings. The role of the technical services librarian, particularly the cataloger, has been slowly changing as libraries automate their operations, downsize technical services departments, and place an increased emphasis on direct patron service. Support staff in technical services now handle most of the day-to-day routine activities from the ordering of books and serials to copy cataloging, database maintenance, and authority control work. As support staff assume many of the duties once carried out by professionals, professional librarians are concentrating on original cataloging of items when copy cataloging can not be found, problem-solving, and staff training.' Furthermore some technical services librarians are participating in traditional public service activities including serving at the reference desk, and providing support for bibliographic instruction and collection development .' Within this context is the question of how individual technical services librarians can advance in their careers and survive in an era of downsizing. These are the practical questions that need to be addressed even as the organization addresses the larger questions of how to reorganize in an era of decreasing resources. In order to address questions of this nature, Lee Bolman and Terrence Deal, in their book Reframing Organizations, argue that managers in complex organizations need to view change from Joan Giesecke is Associate Dean for Collections and Services and Katherine L. Walter is C h ~ ~ i r of the Serials Department at Love Librar)., University of Nebraska-Lincoln.


Based on thermodynamics and kinetics analysis for preparation of metallic ytterbium by the process of lanthanum thermal reduction,preliminary process parameters were determined. By using high-purity ytterbium as raw material,self-produced metallic lanthanum as reducing agent,high vacuum furnace with tantalum sheet as reaction device,ytterbium( 99. 985% purity) was obtained after several times of distillation at 1 200 ℃. The predominant influencing factors for metal purity were also analyzed.


In general, suctioning is an art, particularly as surveys of techniques used by nurses, physiotherapists and respiratory therapists reveal that the techniques used vary widely. There are no prospective, randomised controlled studies that have demonstrated an advantage of any technique in reducing the incidence of atelectasis, lung collapse or pneumonia while minimising the adverse effects. (non-author abstract)


WeLift is a sportswear and accessories brand for Crossfit. Crossfit is new sport in Ecuador, the first gym of Crossfit opened its doors in the city of Guayaquil in 2011. The sport has gained popularity over the years and there are now more than 13,000 gyms affiliated all around the world; Is a growing sport and more people are making Crossfit part of their lives. WeLift is a unique proposal in the country that provides athletes with functional, comfortable, durable clothes and accessories, good designs and accessible for their daily training. Crossfit athletes in the country make purchases of clothes and accessories outside the country, of brands specialized in the sport like Reebok, Rogue, RokFit, gear of Wod, etc. The idea is to cover the market demand and make life easier for athletes with a good alternative of clothing and accessories to practice their sport.


The purpose of this thesis was to review the state of the art modelling of polyester mooring
ropes, for semi‐submersible oil platforms at ultra‐deep water. Ten material models were
implemented in the in‐house analysis software CASH. The motions of the platform and the
tensions in the mooring lines were found from analyses performed in the time domain. In
order to implement the material models a new subroutine was developed, for calculating
the internal forces in the mooring lines.
A platform model, with a displacement of 125 000 tonnes, was used as a reference for all
material models. It was modelled with a few governing parameters to enhance future
platform modelling. The platform was subjected to environmental loading described by Ma
et al (2010), taken from measures during three hours of hurricane Gustav in the Gulf of
Mexico in September 2008.
In order to compare the different material models they were calibrated against
experimental rope data. Two sets of rope data were used; one with monotonic loading and
one with cyclic loading. The ability to mimic the experimental rope data, as well as the
results from the analyses in CASH, was used as a basis when the models were evaluated.
Looking at the motions on the platform from the analyses with the different material
models, the differences were small. In the context of the present study it is concluded that
the classical Hooke model is a rational alternative when compared to the more
sophisticated models.


I recently had to provide a brief narrative of my published work, organized by topic. In case this is helpful to somebody researching one of these topics, I have included this narrative below, with some minor modifications from the original. I have tried to highlight the main or unexpected contribution from each work and to show connections and differences between papers on related topics to help guide a reader to the appropriate publication. The work is organized into the following topics: building envelope; fan airflow modeling; multi-stack exhaust; ventilation; control of tankless water heaters (including model predictive control); evaluation of fault detection and diagnosis; and modeling vapor compression cycles with faults. Thanks for your interest! Building Envelope In Yuill and Yuill (1998), we developed a method for determining the airtightness of individual construction elements of a house. The method uses results of blower door pressurization and depressurization tests conducted while various elements are sealed off, and provides a system for quantifying the impact of each element on the overall envelope performance. Several hundred blower door tests were conducted, and the method was found to be highly repeatable. Results from Yuill and Yuill (1997) show several interesting conclusions, among the most important being that the type of insulation used in a typical stick-built house has virtually no impact on the house airtightness. For example, a house with kraft-faced fiberglass batt, unfaced fiberglass batt, and blown-in cellulose batt installed and removed in series, had the same airtightness with each one. The reason is because leakage is dominated by large leaks, so the airflow rate through the wall cavities doesn't play a significant role. The drywall was found to be a significant element of the air barrier. Many elements were tested: the effect of drywall tape, paint, housewrap; foam sheathing; siding; expanding foam; etc. Multi-stack Exhaust Systems These papers propose using multiple small diameter stacks in place of a single large stack for rooftop exhaust in variable flow systems. In laboratories, for example, fume hoods with openable sashes vary


The invention of a sulfur-containing fluoro overcoming the problem of known methods in the prior provides a process for the preparation of alkyl amines. Unlike the methods known previously, the method of the invention without resort to costly solvents can achieve a higher yield of an alkyl amine with a sulfur-containing acid. Further, unlike prior known methods, the method of the present invention may be prepared to an alkyl amine with a sulfur-containing fluoropolymers of the oxidized form of sulfur atoms.


We report on resistive switching of memristive electrochemical metallization devices using 3D kinetic Monte Carlo simulations describing the transport of ions through a solid state electrolyte of an Ag/TiOx/Pt thin layer system. The ion transport model is consistently coupled with solvers for the electric field and thermal diffusion. We show that the model is able to describe not only the formation of conducting filaments but also its dissolution. Furthermore, we calculate realistic current-voltage characteristics and resistive switching kinetics. Finally, we discuss in detail the influence of both the electric field and the local heat on the switching processes of the device.


We investigated the CMB bispectrum signal arising from the cross correlation between lensing and the Integrated Sachs Wolfe / Rees Sciama effects. The !SW and RS effects arise because of time varying gravitational potential due, respectively, to the linear and non-linear growth of structure in the evolving universe. Both the lensing and the !SW-RS effects are related to the matter gravitational potential and thus are correlated phenomena, giving rise to a non-vanishing three points correlation function. The LRS signal is expected to be detected at high statistical significance from ongoing and future CME experiments and, being a late time effect, it can be a powerful probe of the late time universe. Moreover, we showed that this bispectrum signal, if not accounted properly, can bias the estimation of the amplitude and variance of the local primordial non-Gaussianity. Finally we built CME simulations with the LRS signal and we implemented and tested the optimal estimator for this specific bispectrum.


Background: Cancer is a global health problem with an increasing number of sufferer
each year. While the three main cancer is most often detected are lung cancer,
breast cancer, and colon cancer. Consumption of fruits and vegetables is known to
reduce the risk of colon cancer, though it is still being debated. Cassava leaves rich
in essential nutrients for the body


ABSTRACT Digital media technology and Internet-based/social media sharing are shifting the contexts and processes of social work, including the relationships emerging in practice. The Nervous CPS Worker, a digital video shared via YouTube, provides a concrete practice-based example of the use of social media self-advocacy by professional foster parents. This case-study demonstrates the fragmented and shifting power-relations brought to bear within contemporary social work. Multi-modal analysis facilitates the development of a layered qualitative understanding of this video, shaped by the researcher's inter-textual relationship with the material. Supplemental online texts are applied to the Nervous CPS Worker and relevant scholarship, including discipline specific knowledge, reveals the layered and convergent meaning making processes present in this video through the use of auditory communication, visual representations and genre. Analysis demonstrates how contemporary social work contexts, such as neoliberalism, and standardisation are implicated in practice and how identity and context compete for recognition and space within the home visit depicted in this video.


We report an unusual acute mental side-e ff ect [4] of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram in a 23-year-old male student of mathematics, who has su ff ered from severe social fears and avoidance behaviour since kindergarten. He was diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (DSM-IV) and admitted for in-patient therapy. A structured diagnostic inter-view (SCID) revealed no psychiatric comorbidity, physical examination and laboratory work-up showed no peculiarities besides slight obesity. About one hour after the fi rst dose of escitalo-pram (5 mg) he unexpectedly became giddy, chatty, kidding, vociferous, uncommonly gregarious, restless, incapable of controlling his thoughts and actions. After eight hours the symptoms subsided without any pharmacological intervention; escitalopram treatment was stopped. The patient abnegated intake of illegal drugs, no such substances could be detected in his blood or urine. One week later, when escitalopram was initiated a second time, only short-lived motor restlessness, trem-bling, fi dgetiness and di ffi culty in concentrating emerged, but no maniform symptoms. Escitalopram was gradually increased to 15 mg / d without further side-e ff ects during the following six weeks. Although it was assumed that a subset of social phobic patients might belong to the bipolar spectrum [3, 6] and overshoot during SSRIs in a hypomanic direction [2] , the further course of this patient does not corroborate this possibility. Symptoms of behavioural activation and agitation have been reported in adolescent anxiety disorder patients after SSRIs [5] , but only after a longer


This essay examines Robert Ardrey (1908–1980)—American playwright, screenwriter, and prolific author—as a case study in the popularization of science. Bringing together evidence from both paleoanthropology and ethology, Ardrey became in the 1960s a vocal proponent of the theory that human beings are innately violent. The essay shows that Ardrey used his popular scientific books not only to consolidate a new science of human nature but also to question the popularizer's standard role, to reverse conventional hierarchies of scientific expertise, and to test the boundaries of professional scientific authority. Understanding how he did this can help us reassess the meanings and uses of popular science as critique in Cold War America. The essay also shows that E. O. Wilson's sociobiology was in part a reaction to the subversive political message of Ardrey's science.


EC motor (1), comprising a motor (M) DC, permanently excited, conmutadoelectronicamente with an electronic switching device connected previously (2), which will alimentadomediante an intermediate circuit (8) with a constant voltage (UZK ) of the intermediate circuit, wherein the intermediate circuit (8) can be connected on the one hand by a first input tension release (10) directly with the solar cell generator (12) and, on the other hand, by a portion of redcontrolable (14 ) and a second voltage input (16) with a voltage (UM), so that the tensioncontinua (UZK) of the intermediate circuit is variable based on an existing PV voltage (UPV) of generadorde solar cells (12), and the network part (14) is adjustable with respect to its output voltage for adaptation to lacorrespondiente voltage (UZK) of the intermediate circuit by MPP regulator 18 in the lapote maximum nce the solar cell generator (12), so that a detrabajo motor point (AP) to a target value of speed (nteorico) will be predetermined and in case of variation of the parameters delas solar cells, will be adapted so via the electronic switching device (2), queel speed of the motor keep the theoretical value (nteorico).


This essay explores the relationship between the Utah artist George Martin Ottinger's Mesoamerican history paintings and Mormon beliefs and missionary efforts in northern Mexico. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) did not share prevailing nineteenth-century U.S. attitudes toward pre-Columbian peoples. While most U.S. artists and writers emphasized Aztec warfare and rituals of human sacrifice, Ottinger depicted Mesoamerican society as inherently peaceful and refined. Analyzing his paintings in relation to U.S. legal prosecution of LDS polygamous practice and contemporaneous Mormon settlement in Sonora and Chihuahua, I posit that Ottinger held a contradictory conception of Indigenous populations, simultaneously proclaiming LDS group affinity with a noble pre-Hispanic past and perpetuating disparaging settler-colonial tropes in his depictions of gender and race. His paintings operate in the cultural periphery of Mexico and the United States, yet in dialogue with the nationalist discourses of both countries to offer mainstream audiences a nonthreatening introduction to LDS scripture as well as a racial justification for Mormon spiritual and territorial expansion.


The steady-state rate of decomposition of formic acid on
Ru(001) has been measured as a function of surface temperature, parametric in the pressure of formic acid. The
products of the decomposition reaction are C0_2, H_2, CO,
and H_2)0, i.e., both dehydrogenation and dehydration occur
on Ru (001). A similar product distribution has been observed on Ni(110), Ni(100), Ru(100), Fe(100), and
Ni(111) surfaces; whereas only dehydrogenation to C0_2
and H_2 occurs on the Cu(100), Cu(110), and Pt(111)
surfaces. Only reversible adsorption and desorption of formic acid is observed on the less reactive Ag(110) surface at low temperatures, whereas the more reactive Mo(100) surface is oxidized by formic acid at low temperatures with the products of this reaction being H_2, CO, and H_(2)O (Ref. 10). We report here the confirmation of earlier observations of the occurrence of both dehydrogenation and dehydration of formic acid on Ru(001), and more importantly, we provide a detailed mechanistic description of the steady-state decomposition reaction on this surface in terms of elementary steps.


This article draws on recent research into early childhood teachers' views on how they support children's scientific learning. It identifies four strategies teachers used to increase their scientific knowledge base - learning from parents and children, learning from other teachers, learning with children and learning from outside sources such as books or the Web.


In the present paper we study the reaction between calcium chloride and hydroxylapatite. X-ray diffraction and IR spectra permit follow the cinetic mechanism of this reaction.


Pisa syndrome (pleurothotonus): epidemiology and management. CNS Drugs 2002; 16:165–174 3. Horacek J, Bubenikova-Valesova V, Kopecek M, et al: Mechanism of action of atypical antipsychotic drugs and the neurobiology of schizophrenia. CNS Drugs 2006; 20:389–409 4. Burke RE, Fahn S, Jankovic J, et al: Tardive dystonia: late-onset and persistent dystonia caused by antipsychotic drugs. Neurology 1982; 32:1335–1346 5. Mamo D, Graff A, Mizrahi R, et al: Differential effects of aripiprazole on D(2), 5-HT(2), and 5-HT(1A) receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: a triple tracer PET study. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:1411–1417


A team of researchers at the University of Pretoria and City University of Hong Kong has recently developed a continuous smartphone user authentication system based on gait analysis. This system, outlined in a paper presented at the 44 annual conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, takes advantage of a device's pre-existing hardware, authenticating smartphone users based on their gait patterns.


W/Cu functionally graded materials have been made by plasma spraying and hot pressing process.In order to investigate their high heat load properties under plasma disruptions,a simulation experiment was performed by using high power ND:YAG laser.The results showed that W/Cu FGMs sustained the mechnical integrity under 200 to 700 times laser shots with power density of 123~398MW·m-2 and pulse length of 4ms.Surface recrystallization was found after 700 times laser pulse shots with power density of 123MW·m-2.The grain size is 5~10μm with columnar shape structure (surface normal),and the thickness of the recrystallization due to rapidly cooling,but severe intergranular corrosion and great cracking were observed.Under higher thermal load (398MW·m-2),a crater is observed.Redeposition occurred on the edge of the crater,which consisted of tungsten and a large amount of impurity of the materials.As for the specimen made by plasma spraying and hot pressing,the intergranular fracturing and cracking are easily formed in the thermal loads.


ABSTRACT One of the primary tasks of young adults is the development of interpersonal relationships. This study compared the interpersonal relationships of young adults' and their closest friend with their closest sibling relationship. The results indicated that subjects felt closer to their friends than their siblings. Relationships with friends were characterized by more positive feelings and less differentiation than sibling relationships. Results indicated that most topics were discussed more frequently with friends and most joint activities were done more often with friends. Females were closer and more involved with both their friends and siblings than were males. The implications of the different relationships on the developmental tasks of young adulthood are discussed.


With the new library project in a college in Guilin for example,in light of the commercial concrete cracks in construction process,it analyzes reasons from concrete properties,construction and design three aspects,and puts forward preventive measures to early concrete cracks.It achieves good result through practice,and accumulates some experience for similar project.


Introduction The stability of a democratic system depends to a great extent on the subjective feeling of citizens that the institutions creating it, despite numerous shortcomings and errors, are better than the institutions that could replace them 1 . That conviction, if well based, constitutes a certain cultural capital of democratic societies and facilitates efficient rule and rational relationships between the society and political elites. Having accepted a broad understanding of the concept of institution 2 , one has to admit that a similar logics of legitimation should be applied not only to law and formal organizations but also to some fixed patterns of behavior in the sphere of public life, in which political debate plays an important role. The communication between the subjects of power is at the same time the communication of the power with the public; thus it provides characteristic canons of a proper political debate. Consequently, they co-create the rules of informal communication among the citizens on political issues and simultaneously determine communication standards of the feedback between the public and the governing bodies. The repetitiveness of the conventional determinants that appear in formal debates results in the "ritualization" of reciprocal interactions in both areas (between the actors of the political scene and also between the power and the public), which impairs the possibility to reach such significant values for democracy as compromise, cooperation or just rational discussion. The article aims at the analysis of the reasons of the antagonistic style of the political life in Poland, especially after the crash of the president's plane in Smolensk in April 2010. The author presents at least four general determinants of the conflicting interactions on the contemporary political scene: the lack of a rational and constructive criticism on the part of the citizens, the lack of the tradition of political consensus, the structure of the political scene and the high stake of the game and


The introduction of digital technology in the process of local self-government is an urgent task for modern Russia. The article assesses the conditions for the introduction of digital technologies at the municipal level of management, identifies barriers to the spread of innovative methods for making managerial decisions, including everyday issues of people's lives. Based on the statistical analysis, the authors of the article identified the subjects of the Russian Federation with a developed digital management system and, conversely, with the absence of such. It is shown that when using digital technologies the costs of the management process are reduced, bureaucratic delays in the preparation of the necessary documents for the population are eliminated, the opportunities for members of society to make managerial decisions are realized. The following were identified as the main barriers to innovation in local self-government: lack of IT-technology specialists, financial constraints, institutional imperfections and disagreements of management structures. In the leading regions, digital technologies adopted appropriate programs, created scientific potential. In outsider regions, financial constraints are the main obstacle to the introduction of digital technology. The creation of e-governments in municipalities will allow for an effective dialogue between authorities, business and the public.


This report, prepared for the UITP 1975 International Congress, examines metropolitan transportation after first pointing out that the central city cannot be considered as a separate element. Public transport has to be a vital element in the implementation of planning. Conceding that there is a role for the automobile, it is concluded that further demands for urban mobility that accompany economic growth will have to be met primarily by public transport. Among the recommendations: Public surface transport must be given absolute priority; public underground transport must be provided or extended; land development must be planned to locate secondary centers of expansion close to the more developed and congested central zones. Finally separate fare systems and administrations must be abandoned.


(Al,Ti)N multilayer films were grown by MF magnetron co-sputtering with LABVIEW software controlling the flow of N2,the morphologies and mechanical properties of the films were characterized with X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and nano-indenter,respectively.The results showed that only coexistence of cubic structures was observed at different duty ratios,(Al,Ti)N multilayer films showed the preferred orientation of crystals and the preferred orientation vary with duty ratios,when the duty ratio was 50%,(111) peak and(220) peak turned to be stronger.The mechanical properties and adhesion between the film and the substrate were enchanced because of the multilayer structure.The hardness was reached to 33.58 GPa and the critical load was around 40 N,meanwhile,the wear of multilayer films was obviously improved too,which are bonded in the course of wearing.The performance of multilayer films got better with the increase of N2 flow.


By using a network approach, a wireless inductive link for power transmission from multiple transmitters to multiple receivers is considered. The problem of maximizing the power delivered to the receivers is solved and analytical formulas are presented and validated by circuital simulations.


PENAMPILAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PENDUGAAN
PARAMETER GENETIK BIBIT TANAMAN JARAK PAGAR
(Jatropha curcas L.)

APPEARANCE GROWTH AND ESTIMATE GENETIC
PARAMETERS OF JATROPHA SEEDLING
(Jatropha curcas L.)

M. Hawari Purba 1), M. Nasir 2), Hasanuddin 2)
1) Mahasiswa Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Unsyiah
2) Dosen Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Unsyiah

ABSTRACT

This research aims in the long-term to create new varieties of Jatropha which has high yield potential. While the short-term goal is to find information on average performance and predictive value of genetic parameters of agronomic traits Jatropha. This research was conducted at the experimental farm of agriculture faculty unsyiah which began in March 2013 to June 2013.This research used a randomized block design with 10 patterns of non-factorial treatment that G1, G2, G3 genotypes of Jatropha is derived from ecotype Tebingtinggi, G4, G5, G6 genotypes of Jatropha is derived from ecotype Dolok Merawan, G7, G8, G9, and G10 genotpes of Jatropha is derived from ecotypes Abdya with each henotype were repeated three replications in order to obtain 30 units of experimental units. The parameters measured were the growth of plant height, number of leaves, leaf lengt, leaf width, stem diameter, age 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after planting and crop canopy age 90 days after planting. The result of this research indicated that there is no significant effect between the appearance of the growth of Jatropha as a result of treatment of different genotypes. The coefficient of genetic diversity in Jatropha relatively low criterion, whereas in the broad sense heritability values belonging to the low and moderate criteria. Highly significant genetic correlations between character growth occurs in plant height and stem diameter age 90 days after planting with r = 0.82.
Keywords : Jatropha curcas L, ecotype, genetic parameters, correlation between the nature of


Abstract Pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione was N‐alkylated with three different 2‐(3,4‐dihydro‐1‐napthalenyl)ethyl‐4‐methylphenylsulphonates to give the corresponding seco‐azasteroids which on chemoselective dehydrogenation, reduction with NaBH4 in MeOH at 0°C gave the corresponding 5‐hydroxy‐2‐pyrrolidones. Intramolecular cyclization of these 5‐hydroxy‐2‐pyrrolidones afforded the corresponding title compounds.


________________________________________________________________________________________ YADAV, R. S., S. K. GARG, A. RAHAL: Infl uence of ofl oxacin on the disposition kinetics of meloxicam following single intravenous administration in goats. Vet. arhiv 84, 625-635, 2014. ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of ofl oxacin (10 mg/kg) on the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg) in goats, when administered concurrently by intravenous route. Meloxicam concentration in plasma was measured using HPLC assay. The pharmacokinetics of meloxicam were best described by the two-compartment open model. Following concurrent administration of meloxicam and ofl oxacin, the mean plasma level of meloxicam was only found to be signifi cantly higher (P<0.05) at 15 min compared to its alone administration. Statistical analysis of data revealed that there were no statistically signifi cant differences in PK parameters between the two treatments, except K21. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that concurrent administration of ofl oxacin and meloxicam in goats does not require any adjustment in dosage regimens. Based on PK determinants, meloxicam may be administered by i.v. route at 0.86 and 0.65 mg/kg, as loading and maintenance doses respectively, and is to be repeated at 8 h intervals.


In this paper, a deep learning-based secret key generation scheme is proposed for FDD multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We built an encoder-decoder based convolutional neural network to characterize the wireless environment to learn the mapping relationship between the uplink and downlink channel. The designed neural network can accurately predict the downlink channel state information based on the estimated uplink channel state information without any information feedback. Random secret keys can be generated from downlink channel responses predicted by the neural network. Simulation results show that deep learning based SKG scheme can achieve significant performance improvement in terms of the key agreement ratio and achievable secret key rate. key words: physical layer security, secret key generation, deep learning, FDD MIMO systems


When the total angular momentum of a binary system J tot = J orb + J spin is at a certain critical (minimum) value, a tidal instability occurs which eventually forces the stars to merge into a single, rapidly rotating object. The instability occurs when J orb = 3J spin , which in the case of contact binaries corresponds to a minimum mass ratio q mm ≈ 0.071-0.078. The minimum mass ratio is obtained under the assumption that stellar radii are fixed and independent. This is not the case with contact binaries where, according to the Roche model, we have R 2 = R 2 (R 1, a, q). By finding a new criterion for contact binaries, which arises from dJ tot = 0, and assuming k 2 1 ≠ k 2 2 for the component's dimensionless gyration radii, a theoretical lower limit q min = 0.094-0.109 for overcontact degree f = 0-1 is obtained.


A nationwide survey of dissolved radon gas in natural hot springs was started in the year 2000and ended in June 2004. The findings in 75 water samples from 22 provinces revealed that a specimenfrom Chiang Mai Province contained the lowest level of dissolved radon, at 0.8 Bq.L-1, and aspecimen from Surat Thani Province contained the highest level, at 7,219.7 Bq.L-1. Water samplesretrieved from Surat Thani Province represent from several sources higher levels than any of thoseobtained from the other provinces. These findings have encouraged the present investigators tocarry out further studies in order to substantiate existing potential high-level natural radiation areas.Potential hazards that might affect persons who are exposed to the thermic waters containing highlevels of dissolved radon gas are discussed. Key words: radon gas, natural hot springs, Thailand


Abstract Luminescence dating is an archaeological dating technique applicable to fired clay materials, based on the emission of light from crystalline mineral inclusions such as quartz. It was pioneered for the dating of pottery in the 1970s. Current research at the University of Durham into dating brick from standing buildings raises the possibility of precisely dating vernacular brickwork, which is hard to date stylistically, and for which more precise dates would help both the study of individual buildings and the resolution of wider questions. This article provides a non-specialist discussion of the technique and of recent developments in its application to brick, followed by an investigation into the use of luminescence to date six independently dated sixteenth-century chimneys inserted into open-hall houses in Suffolk. The results are promising, providing dates that agree with architectural, historical and dendrochronological dates, with a precision in the region of ±20–30 years: very encouraging for a preliminary study of this nature.


Model-based methods for glint-free gaze estimation typically infer eye pose using pupil contours extracted from eye images. Existing methods, however, either ignore or require complex hardware setups to deal with refraction effects occurring at the corneal interfaces. In this work we provide a detailed analysis of the effects of refraction in glint-free gaze estimation using a single near-eye camera, based on the method presented by [Świrski and Dodgson 2013]. We demonstrate systematic deviations in inferred eyeball positions and gaze directions with respect to synthetic ground-truth data and show that ignoring corneal refraction can result in angular errors of several degrees. Furthermore, we quantify gaze direction dependent errors in pupil radius estimates. We propose a novel approach to account for corneal refraction in 3D eye model fitting and by analyzing synthetic and real images show that our new method successfully captures refraction effects and helps to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art approach.


The crystal structure of the title compound, $C_9H_6$OS, also known as 2-thiocoumarin, has been determined. The molecule is essentially planar and crystals may display second harmonic generation (SHG) effects.


The purpose of this research is to see how the role of government ethics as an effort to eradicate corruption during the COVID-19 pandemic in the peace-loving village. By using descriptive qualitative research methods, the supporting data obtained are LKPJ data from 2020 to 2021 and information mining is carried out by interviewing the village secretary, village officials and several informants from the peace-loving village community. This research was carried out for 14 days, starting from November 1-14, 2021. The results of this study were that as long as the observations from researchers of corruption in the peace-loving village did not occur, the peace-loving village government had carried out several government ethical tips in every activity during the covid 19 pandemic. The village government has also made various efforts to reduce the space for corruption, including implementing anti-corruption education, in this case the peace-loving village government has provided a banner containing extortion and the authority of the Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) service to the community. socialization to the community that there is no money as a token of gratitude or tips for village officials in providing any services, setting SOP in services, implementing E-services, and accommodating the complaint service center so that the community can complain if there are fraud and acts of corruption committed by village officials In addition, it aims to improve government services to the community. Keywords: Role, Government Ethics, Corruption, and Covid19


s: Education is a human right. Education is essential for human emancipation and social development. It contributes to better health, higher productivity, greater income, human freedom, capability and esteemed living, increased participation in community life. Education is the single best development investment and a powerful instrument to develop an economically prosperous society. The long term social and economic return from education is enormous. The level of development of any region or any area may be gauged through the socio-economic characteristics of people. Of the various elements of population characteristics, the level of literacy and education gives the best exposition of regional development because of its dual functions as cause and effect of modernization. The case of West Bengal has been taken to known the spatial pattern of literacy and their differential and why they occur by the set of explanatory variables. The level of literacy differential in the state has been evaluated by creating differential index. On the basis of the analysis create a blue print for planning for reduce or vanishing the differential on literacy and education in West Bengal.


The cationic organouranium(V) compounds [U(η-C5Me5)(NMe2)3(thf)][BPh4]1, [U(η-C5Me5)2(Net2)2][BPh4]2 and [U(η-C8H8)(NEt2)2(thf)][BPh4]3, were synthesized by oxidation of the corresponding neutral UIV precursors using AgBPh4; the neutral complex [U(η-C8H8)(η-C5H5)(NEt2)2]4 was isolated from the reaction of [U(η-C8H8)(NEt2)2] with Tl(η-C5H5).


The extent and amount of heterogeneous phenotypic variance for milk yield in the Uruguayan Holstein population were evaluated and a simple method of accounting for heterogeneity was developed. Lactation records (159 169) collected between 1989 and 1998 by two recording schemes were used to form 8955 herd-year-season-paritylactation length contemporary groups. A log-linear model was used to identify factors affecting heterogeneity of phenotypic variance. The model included effects of production level, contemporary group size, recording scheme, herd, season of calving, parity number, calving year period and length of lactation and accounted for 50% of the variation in log variances. Estimates from this model were used in a Bayesian manner, to obtain posterior mean estimates of within-contemporary-group variances, which were then used to standardize records to a baseline variance. Effects of the adjustment were assessed by comparing coefficients of variation before and after correction, by correlation and regression between mean and standard deviations, and by using Gini coefficients and Lorenz curves. The adjustment procedure reduced heteroscedasticity primarily by decreasing the frequency of low-variance contemporary groups. Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients indicated that the largest impact of the standardization procedure was related to the size of the contemporary group. Some differences in the effect of the correction were found between recording schemes. The method for adjusting records is simple and easy to adapt to current genetic evaluation procedures.


The costs and benefits of the CAP, as conventionally measured, suggest that the CAP is seriously inefficient. However, the per-head net benefits for affected groups, the non-uniformity of their incidence among countries, and the particular effects of the common principles all provide reasons for the policy's persistence in the face of apparently growing pressures. The CAP demonstrates a logical and historical profession from unlimited support through price prudence and thresholds to quantitative controls on supplies. Associated with this progression, the relative weights of the various policy pressures can be identified, which in turn define a range of future policy options. A qualitative assessment of these options suggests that recurring crises will continue and that the chances of achieving a more liberal international trading attitude are less than 20 percent. Copyright 1989 by Oxford University Press.


It is well known that, in the five-dimensional scenario of braneworld and space–time-mass theories, geodesic motion in 5D is observed to be non-geodesic in 4D. Usually, the discussion is purely geometric and based on the dimensional reduction of the geodesic equation in 5D, without any reference to the test particle whatsoever. In this work we obtain the equation of motion in 4D directly from the principle of least action. So our main thrust is not the geometry but the particle observed in 4D. A clear physical picture emerges from our work. Specifically, that the deviation from the geodesic motion in 4D is due to the variation of the rest mass of a particle, which is induced by the scalar field in the 5D metric and the explicit dependence of the space–time metric on the extra coordinate. Thus, the principle of least action not only leads to the correct equations of motion, but also provides a concrete physical meaning for a number of algebraic quantities appearing in the geometrical reduction of the geodesic equation.


The study aimed to determine the effects of higher levels of methionine supplementation than the recommended NRC level in the diets on the weight and histomorphology of the bursa of Fabricius as indicators for the immune status of broiler chickens. A total of 60, one-day-old, broiler chicks were divided into 4 groups (Control, T1, T2, and T3 groups) and accommodated in separate pens at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani. The chicks were fed on a starter diet for the first 11, a grower diet on days 12-25 and a finisher diet on days 26-42. The methionine supplement MethioGrow was added daily to the drinking water of the treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 by the levels 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 ml per liter respectively for 42 days, whereas those of the control group were provided with additives-free drinking water. On day 42, the chicks were euthanized and the bursa of Fabricius was excised, weighed by a sensitive balance and 5μm thick tissue sections were obtained, stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin stains and examined by a light microscope to examine the histological findings. The weights' mean of the bursa of Fabricius on day 42 was significantly higher in groups T2 and T3 than in the control group and the microscopic examination of the bursa of Fabricius revealed slight increase in numbers of lymphocytes in the medullary region of the lymphoid follicles in chicks of the treatment groups 1 and 2 (T1 and T2) and slight increase in lymphocytes in both the cortical and medullary regions of the lymphoid follicles in chicks of the treatment group 3 (T3) in comparison with chicks of the control group. In conclusion, the obtained results revealed that supplementation of higher levels of methionine in the broiler diet than the level recommended by the NRC has positive effects on the immune status of the broilers and they support the suggestions of previous reports that referred to the insufficiency of methionine requirements of broiler based on recommendations of NRC to meet the real requirements of the commercial poultry farms.


In this work the phase field method has been applied to model the spinodal decomposition of TiAlN. Here we have used thermodynamic data from ab initio calculations that takes into account clusterin ...


The general structure of double-heterojunction diode lasers is shown to be consistent with the required geometry of the Shockley diode or p-n-p-n switch. When the two devices are combined in a single structure, there results an extremely simple source of high optical power (>0.5-W) pulses of very short duration (<10 ns) without the need for a complex external driver. In principle, pulse triggering and repetition rate are easily controlled, suggesting that the device has potential application in pulse-coded optical communication systems.


Two hundred twenty-two years ago, American colonists declared independence: to be free and to pursue their interests in free markets under a limited government. Americans hated taxes. They listed as a cause for rebellion in the Declaration of Independence "taxing us without our consent." Their new constitution limited government and banned personal income taxes. The Revolution produced the American Dream, during which the common man became better off more quickly than at any other time in history. For our first 200 years, from 1776 to 1976, America's per capita income grew at the rate of 458 percent per century, compared with the 3 percent per century growth rate of the pre-American world.


Social transformation carried out by the New Order government through the development program resulted on the emergence of various face of Muslim intellectuals in Indonesia. They are divergent and located in a great variety of institutional settings as well as in the interstices between a number of institutional orders. This paper aims at analysing the production and dynamics of Muslims intellectuals within the largest Muslim mass organisations in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU/The Awakening of Muslim Scholars). It begins with the discussion of scholarly perspectives of the correlation between Islamic organisation and Muslim intellectuals. It then examines the production of Muslim intellectuals within NU, questioning the issue of young and old generation, and finally analysing the relationship between institution and the development of intellectualism within NU.


Background: Treatment of multisurface articular cartilage lesions of the knee is a challenging problem. Hypothesis: Large multisurface cartilage defects in the knee can be successfully managed with transplantation of high chondrocyte viability osteochondral allografts (OCAs) to result in statistically significant improvements in patient-reported outcome measures of pain and function. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients were prospectively enrolled into a registry to follow outcomes after OCA transplantation. The study included patients who received OCA transplantation for multisurface unipolar defects in 1 knee and had minimum 2-year follow-up data, including patient-reported outcome measures, failures, reoperations, and complications. The OCA transplants had been stored using 2 methods: standard preservation (SP) or Missouri Osteochondral Preservation System (MOPS). Preoperative data were compared with outcomes at 1 year and final follow-up, and risk factors for revision surgery or failure (total knee arthroplasty) were analyzed. Results: The sample included 25 patients with a mean age of 37.2 years (range, 13-51 years), body mass index of 27.7 (range, 18-38), and follow-up of 45.1 months (median, 49 months; range, 24-68 months). OCAs stored using SP were transplanted into 6 patients, and those stored using MOPS were transplanted into 19 patients. The initial success rate was significantly higher for MOPS OCAs (94.7%) than SP OCAs (33.3%). There were statistically significant improvements in all patient-reported outcomes at 1 year and final follow-up in the MOPS cohort (P < .0001 for all). Revision surgery/failure was significantly associated with patients who were nonadherent to the prescribed postoperative restrictions and rehabilitation protocols (P = .038; odds ratio = 13.5) and with OCAs that had a viable chondrocyte density <70% of the established reference range mean at transplantation (P = .0037; odds ratio = 76). Conclusion: OCA transplantation for treatment of large multisurface cartilage defects in the knee resulted in a 94.7% initial success rate when grafts with high viable chondrocyte density (≥70%) were used and when patients strictly adhered to prescribed postoperative rehabilitation protocols. Successful outcomes were associated with statistically significant improvements in patient-reported outcome measures of pain and function.


In the context of the International Year of Biodiversity, the Regional Directorate of the Environment of Martinique and the University of the Antilles and French Guiana (UAG) are organising an international colloquium entitled : "Biodiversity of the Islands : the Flora, the Fauna and Man in the Lesser Antilles" On the 8th, 9th and 10th November 2010, at the Department of Science and Technology of the U.A.G. Those who wish to participate are strongly encouraged to enrol as soon as possible (...)


The interrelation between transmission amplitude and phase spectra of anisotropic metamaterials enables us to develop realistic designs for a terahertz quarter-wave plate and a polarizing terahertz beam splitter based on an anisotropic metamaterial structure.


Today, the exponential growth of technology and the boom in connection demand has resulted in significant growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. In light of the enormous increase in smart devices, secure communication between them has become a major challenge due to an increase in cyberattacks. Adding hardware-based security is challenging due to the complex architecture of IoT devices and limited computation ability. Since IoT devices produce enormous amount of data, machine learning (ML) can be utilized to detect attacks on IoT devices. This study proposes some Machine Learning models to detect and prevent Botnet IoT attacks. The Network-based Detection of Bait-and-Switch IoT Attacks (N-BaIoT) dataset is used to train the models. The performance of models is analyzed using precision, recall and F1-score by carrying out multiclass classification. Experimental result shows that some of the proposed models are efficient in detecting botnet attacks with 99% accuracy. The model can also extend to use complete dataset and new ML techniques.


This report presents the results and findings of the Dry Rod Consolidation Technology (DRCT) Project performed at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory for the US Department of Energy (DOE) by EGandG Idaho, Inc. The objectives of the DRCT Project have been (1) to demonstrate dry rod consolidation of pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel assemblies having a Westinghouse 15 /times/ 15 array design and (2) to develop and document the technology associated with the dry consolidation process. These program objectives were accomplished. A consolidation ratio of 2 to 1 for the fuel rods from the PWR fuel assemblies was achieved. The fuel rods from 48 fuel assemblies were consolidated into 24 consolidation canisters, each having the same outside dimensions as that of the original 15 /times/ 15 array PWR fuel assembly. Equipment for dry horizontal consolidation was designed, operational experience was gained, and process technical information was obtained. All relevant aspects of information from the Project are being made available to the Prototypical Consolidation Demonstration Project and the Nonfuel Bearing Component Volume Reduction Project. The information will also be used by DOE to increase the data base for future planning and design of production-scale fuel rod consolidation equipment. 11 refs., 96 more » figs. « less


Aiming to training of high quality person to meet scientific development,this paper expounds several reforms practiced to enhance students coping with the need of society development,such as,human-based teaching concept,multi-mode teaching system,and interactive teaching method.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel antimuscarinic agent, Lu 25‐109, a partial M1 receptor agonist, and M2/M3 receptor antagonist in human and pig detrusor to establish its affinity for muscarinic receptors in human detrusor and parotid gland and to compare the results with those obtained with oxybutynin. Effects on the detrusor were determined as regards the ability to inhibit carbachol‐induced contractions and contractions induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS). Radioligand binding studies were performed to assess the ability to displace quinuclidinyl benzilate (3H‐QNB) from muscarinic receptors in the detrusor and parotid gland. Lu 25‐109 produced a concentration‐dependent rightward shift of the concentration‐response curves for carbachol in both human and pig detrusor, the pKb values being 6.2 ± 0.1 (n = 6) and 5.8 ± 0.3 (n = 6). Corresponding values for oxybutynin were 7.9 ± 0.1 (n = 7) and 7.8 ± 0.1 (n = 6). Contractions induced by EFS in human detrusor were almost completely inhibited by 100 μmol/L Lu 25‐109 (84 ± 4%; n = 4). In contrast, EFS‐induced contractions in pig detrusor were less sensitive to Lu 25‐109, resulting in a final inhibition of 32 ± 6% (n = 9) with the highest concentration used (100 μmol/L). This difference in effect between human and pig detrusor was not observed with oxybutynin. Radioligand binding experiments demonstrated a small difference in affinity for Lu 25‐109 in the parotid gland compared with the bladder, the pKi values being 6.2 ± 0.1 versus 6.5 ± 0.1 (n = 4). Corresponding values for oxybutynin were 8.5 ± 0.1 versus 8.2 ± 0.1 (n = 4). The results show that Lu 25‐109 competitively and effectively antagonizes carbachol‐induced contractions and contractions induced by EFS in human detrusor muscle. Even if Lu 25‐109 were less potent than oxybutynin, it has an effect profile that makes it of interest to test its ability to counteract bladder overactivity in humans. Neurourol. Urodynam. 21:92–98, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Photoacoustic imaging is a promising biomedical imaging technology that can provide the biological information of animals and humans in vivo. Taking advantages of both optics and ultrasound simultaneously, the photoacoustic imaging has rich optical contrast and high ultrasonic resolution in deep tissues. Especially, the optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM), the major implementation of the photoacoustic imaging, achieves sharp spatial resolution with focused optical beams. However, developed OR-PAM systems are disadvantaged by limited temporal and/or spatial resolutions by hardware parts. Here, we introduce a high speed super-resolution localization OR-PAM that overcomes the limited resolutions. First, to improve a temporal resolution, we equipped a galvanometer scanner, which has been used in many optical microscopies. Previously, due to the vulnerability of the scanner to water, the PAM system using the scanner scanned only light, not ultrasound. However, our system overcame the weakness by immersing only a scanning part except to a galvanometer part, leading to scanning light and ultrasound simultaneously. Steering both laser beams and ultrasound waves with a scanner's mirror immersed in the water, our system achieves a wide scanning range and a high signal-to-noise ratio as well as the B-mode imaging speed of 500 Hz. Furthermore, we acquired a super-resolved microvascular image in vivo using an agent-free localization imaging technology based on the fast scanning speed. These results show that our super-resolution high-speed OR-PAM can be used in a variety of fields, including neurology, oncology, and pathology.


The linear accelerator has two stationary accelerating sections and a rotating magnetic deflection system which allows the beam to be used at any angle, and also uses a scanning magnet for beam flattening and moveable lead and aluminium jaws as collimator. This machine is designed to produce 25 MV photons and electrons in the range 7-32 MeV in steps of 3 MeV. The betatron uses scattering foils of different material and thickness for beam flattening and brass cones of fixed dimensions as collimator and produces 19 MV photons and electrons in the range 6-18 MeV. Appreciable differences were found in beam energy, dose distribution, flatness, surface dose, position of d-matrix and slope of fall-off were described.


The rural adult education is an important content to build life-long education system and construct a learning society.The development of rural adult education is not only beneficial to technological progress and technology promotion in rural areas,but also to comprehensively improving the quality of the farmers and increasing rural productivity.As a premise and basis of building new rural area of socialism,it is also helpful to raise the income of farmers and promoting social stability and harmony.Yangzhong City should strengthen demonstration base construction in which agriculture,science and education are united altogether through displaying the radiant function of Adult Education Central School.At the same time,we should carry out educational experiment of community to construct the new pattern of rural adult education and lifelong education system,and eventually advance Yangzhong′s new rural construction.


The objectives of the Curriculum Program for the Physical Education Major(in the Normal Category) in Northeast Normal University are set to "cultivating students who adapt to the need for modern social development;guiding and promoting students to become independent learners with knowledge,experience,capability and responsibility;culti-vating students to become high caliber professionalized elementary and middle school physical education teachers who like to serve basic education and have innovative spirit and practical capability".The curriculum system is composed of such 4 modules as education curriculum,professional education curriculum,career planning curriculum and graduation thesis,highlighting the combination of scientific education,humanistic education and aesthetical education,enhancing the humanity and science of general curriculum education,refining basic and main courses in specialized education,guiding series specialized curriculum learning,and specifying the occupational orientation of the career planning curriculum.


The following two propositions are converses of Euclid III., 11 and 12. Prop. 1. If the circumferences of two circles whose centres are A and B have a common point C lying in the straight line AB , then the circles touch each other externally at C .


Using solid KF-Al2O3 as catalyst,nine chalcones were synthesized in good yields by the aldol condensation of 4-nitroacetophenone with aromatic aldehydes in solvent-free conditions under microwave irradiation.Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR,IR,MS spectra and element analysis.Compared with the conventional method,this method is simple,safe,rapid and eco-friendly.


We describe a nearly orthogonal two-level design that involves use of a weighted analysis to estimate drift and very low amounts of sample-to-sample carryover simultaneously. Identifying systematic errors from these sources is especially important for assays of analytes presenting a large range and with a medical decision point close to zero. The design is illustrated with data for thyrotropin, where, in one run with 32 samples, 0.08% carryover was detected in the presence of concentration-dependent negative drift.


Open-loop constant voltage/frequency (v/f) adjustable speed drives (ASDs) can often experience undesirablesustained oscillations. Factors affecting these oscillation states include induction machine (IM) parameters, dead time,dc-link capacitor size, IM saturation, output voltage, carrier frequency, and IM speed. Many literatures have discussedthe instabilities in light-load or low-frequency operating conditions. Quite a few methods have been proposed forstabilizing such a system. However, the instability problems, at different power levels, have not been completelydescribed. This paper analyzes the causes of this instability for constant v/f drives as power levels change. The 2.2-and 15-kW low-voltage IMs and the 746-kW medium-voltage IM are evaluated to illustrate how the motor parameters affectthe system stability. Additionally, a new oscillation mitigation method is introduced to demonstrate its effectivenessin solving the instability problems. It is based on the synchronous reference frame dynamic current feedback through itsmagnetic flux current component bandpass filtering and proportional control. In a theoretical stability analysis beforeand after the current feedback compensation, simulation studies are presented and verified through a 15-kW 380-V 50-HzIM ASD experimental system.


We here introduce our cloud chamber which enabled us to grow snow crystals from water vapour under conditions similar to those in natural clouds. The snow crystals grew as a result of water vapour supersaturation as well as due to the interaction of ice crystals and water droplets within the cloud chamber. The cloud chamber, of cylindrical shape with a volume of about 2.7 m3, was positioned in a cold room with regulated temperature ranging from −1 to −20°C. A fine mist of water droplets was fed into the cloud chamber and a short pulse of pressurized air triggered the nucleation. Observations of the size and shape distribution of the ice crystals as a function of temperature and supersaturation were consistent with literature values. Different crystal shapes – e.g. plates, columns, hollow columns, dendrites – were successfully formed at different conditions within the chamber. The produced snow was collected at the bottom of the cloud chamber and was used for further experiments and measurements.


Whatever else it may mean in art or morals, there is no doubt whatever that in economics the word value means power in exchange and nothing more. It is the power which an article possesses of commanding other desirable things in peaceful and voluntary exchange. Why a thing has this power is the first problem in economic value.


reform efforts had brought forth an increasing demand for a greater "bang for the buck" and introduced an emphasis on accountability. This interest carried over into the educational reform movement and became, therefore, expressed as educational accountability. The term accountability suffers from the same difficulty of definition as does the term beauty. It is defined by the beholder. Nothwithstanding the lack of a mutually accepted definition or of a rational process for assuring implementation ofthat definition, the Michigan Legislature enacted a law permitting a statewide program to assess student achievement. In the following year (1970) a much more specific law was enacted, not only mandating a statewide assessment of educational progress but also mandating the utilization of those results for determination of distribution of state funds


In this communication, I report the results of the studies on structural, transport and field sensitivity of nonmagnetic Sb substituted La0.67Ca0.33Mn1– xSbxO3 (LCMSO; x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10) manganites grown by conventional solid state reaction route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements reveal the single phasic nature of the samples while Rietveld analysis performed on all the XRD raw data suggests the orthorhombic unit cell structure with Pnma space group (no. 62) for all the samples understudy. Resistivity is found to decrease with increase in applied magnetic field indicating an existence of negative magnetoresistance (MR) effect. Field and Sb content dependent variation in field sensitivity (FCR) has been discussed in this communication.


Based on economic growth theory,the article calculates total factor productivity in the year 1990-2008 of Gansu Province using Solow Residual Value method.Through regression analysis,as well as comparative analysis of the contribution rate about factors of production to the economic development,we can obtain the main factor is capital,which mainly enhance economic growth in Gansu Province,and technological advances have a great impact on economic growth.It further proves that the relationship between total factor productivity and economic growth can be ignored,and finds the countermeasures to change the current economic growth pattern in Gansu Province,which can provide references to enhance the overall competitiveness of Gansu Province and the rapid development of community.


Part 1 Fundamentals and examples: systems of identical particles second quantization for fermions second quantization for bosons unitary transformations and field operators example - the Hamiltonian of translationally invariant systems in second quantization density operators the Hartree-Fock approximation restricted Hartree-Fock approximation and the symmetry dilemma Hartree-Fock for translationally invariant systems the homogeneous electron gas in the Hartree-Fock approximation long-range correlations in the electron-gas - plasmons phonons superconductivity. Part 2 Green's functions: pictures the single-particle Green's function and the hierarchy of equations of motion. Part 3 Perturbation theory: time-dependent perturbation theory with adiabatic turning-on of the interaction particle and hole operators and Wick's theorem Feynman diagrams diagrammatic calculation of the vacuum amplitude an example - the Gell-Mann-Brueckner correlation energy of a dense electron gas diagrammatic calculation of the single-particle Green's function - Dyson's equation diagrammatic analysis of the Green's function G(kappa, omega) self-consistent perturbation theory, higher-order Hartree-Fock theory the quasi-particle concept diagrammatic calculation of the two-particle Green's function and the polarization propagator effective interaction and dressed vertices plasmons in higher order perturbation theory at finite temperatures. Part 4 Fermi liquid theory: introduction equilibrium properties transport equation and collective modes microscopic derivation of the Landau fermi liquid theory applications to the Kondo problem.


We investigated the regulation of prostaglandin production in normal endometrial stromal cells (ESC) by malignant endometrial epithelial cells. We found that cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein levels and prostaglandin (PG)E2production in ESC were significantly increased by Ishikawa malignant endometrial epithelial cell conditioned medium (MECM). By using transient transfection assays, we found that the −360/−218-bp region of the COX-2 promoter gene was critical for MECM induction of promoter activity. This MECM-responsive region contained a variant nuclear factor (NF)-κB site at −222 to −213 that, when mutated, completely abolished COX-2 promoter activation by MECM. Employing electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we further demonstrated that binding of NF-κB p65 to this NF-κB-binding site is, in part, responsible for the COX-2 promoter activation by MECM. To investigate further the potential effects of MECM onCOX-2 mRNA stability, ESC were treated with MECM in the absence or presence of actinomycin D, a general transcription inhibitor. We found that MECM significantly increased COX-2mRNA stability. Intriguingly, we found that PGE2 was one of the major factors in MECM, which was responsible for up-regulating COX-2 expression in ESC. ECC-1 and HEC-1A malignant endometrial epithelial cell lines also produced significantly increased quantities of PGE2. In conclusion, malignant endometrial epithelial cells secrete PGE2 that induces COX-2 expression in normal endometrial stromal cells in a paracrine fashion through activation of transcription and stabilization of COX-2mRNA.


In the reverse modeling of internal structure of turbine blade,reconstructing large number of cooling holes is the most difficult task.Based on properties of feature array,the reconstruction method is decomposed into segmentation,surface reconstruction and beautification,which are described in algorithmic level in detail.Successful application of the method on industrial parts shows that both modeling speed and accuracy are greatly improved,and more over design intentions are captured.


A mini-review is provided of the literature concerning the performance of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) containing (immobilized) ionic liquids as possible electrolytes, focusing on papers reporting performance metrics (power and current densities). For over a decade, and especially for combined heat and power applications, there has been a drive to design an ionic-liquid-holding membrane that could operate well under non-humidifying (water-free) conditions above 100°C. Such a goal has not yet been achieved: reported power densities are still below those of traditional low-temperature fuel cells. Other recent reviews have already pointed to three main issues: poor conductivity, poor cathode (oxygen-reduction) kinetics, and seepage of the liquid from the membrane. In this review, IL-PEMFCs are grouped into three IL classes (protic, aprotic, and polymerized), performance metric data are summarized, the cases producing the top ten peak power densities of the last 5 years are discussed, and the conductivity mechanisms of the leading cases are elucidated. Purely vehicular protic ILs appear to be too slow, and the trend toward enhanced Grotthuss H+ relays via polymerized ILs is revealed.


Due to changes brought upon by covid in society, the aviation industry has also entered a new phase that is different from the early days of the COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, this study aims to enhance our understanding of people's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and their perception regarding aviation safety. Specifically, the study investigates whether in-flight services focusing on sanitation and preventative measures against the virus alleviated negative emotions such as fear and anxiety among passengers, and how this affected their risk perception and group efficacy through cognitive value. To achieve the purpose of the study, an online survey was conducted in December 2021 of passengers with experience boarding aircraft after the COVID-19 outbreak, and 211 valid responses out of 308 were used for analysis. The analysis of the data revealed that in-flight services had a positive effect on cognitive value, which in turn had a positive effect on risk perception and collective efficacy among air passengers. The overall evaluation of in-flight services indicated that passengers now place a greater emphasis on hygiene and quarantine measures. Furthermore, there has been a notable promotion of passengers' efforts and attitudes towards not only ensuring their own safety but also the safety of others and society, which has resulted in a significant improvement in responsible behavior. Key Words: cognitive value, group-efficacy, collective efficacy, safety perception, inflight service, airline service quality


This study was conducted under Tokat-Kazova conditions during 1999 and 2002. Thirty two common vetch lines obtained from ICARDA and seven common vetch cultivars obtained from Turkey were used as a material. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences among lines and cultivars for some characters. According to average of three years, the highest seed yield (203.7 kg/da) was produced by the line 845 and the lowest (56.1 kg/da) by the line 2638 50 % flowering period ranged between 177 and 190 day, biological yield ranged between 363.4 and 808.3 kg/da, 1000-seed weight ranged between 34.0 and 89.0 g and harvest index ranged between 20.3 and 33.5 %. At the end of this study, it was found that the line 845, 2640, 384, 1448, 2497, 2642, 2057, 1131, 507, 1134, 2096 and Karaelci and Nilufer cultivar had good performance. Seed yield and biological yield, 1000-seed weight and harvest index were positively correlated. 50 % flowering period was negatively correlated with the 1000-seed weight.


In this paper, copper‐15 wt.%‐lead‐1 wt.%‐tin (Cu‐15wt %Pb‐1wt %Sn), copper‐15 wt.%‐lead‐2 wt.%‐tin (Cu‐15wt %Pb‐2wt %Sn) and copper‐15 wt.%‐lead‐3 wt.%‐tin (Cu‐15wt %Pb‐3wt %Sn) powder mixtures were mechanically alloyed in order to study the solid solubility extension during the alloying process. Nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solutions have been prepared in copper‐lead‐tin (Cu−Pb−Sn) ternary immiscible system by mechanical alloying (MA). Based on the thermodynamic model, the Gibbs free energy changes in these alloys during the formation of solid solutions are calculated to be positive, which means that there are no driving force to form solid solutions in copper‐lead‐tin ternary immiscible system. It was found that a large fraction of grain boundaries and a high density of dislocations play a significant role in the solid solubility extension in copper‐lead‐tin ternary immiscible system.


This article is devoted to the use of socio-communication models in the fields of international relations, tourism, hotel and restaurant business in the context of the interdisciplinary orientation of classical research. The main trends in the development of socio-communication space as part of the general information space and the Internet, in particular, are summarized. The commonality of the interdisciplinary approach for the study of communication tasks in the field of interaction as a certain interactive model of communication technologies is proved. The peculiarities of the interactive socio-communication model and its expediency of use in international relations, tourism, and hotel and restaurant business as a part of strategic, image, and business communications are established. It is determined that isolated examples in the fields of international relations, tourism, and hotel and restaurant business prove that the use of this interactive model of communication is a promising area for practical activities in these areas and further scientific forecasting, modeling, and study. The model of interactive communication is becoming relevant, based on the formation of trust by reducing the load in the information space, the formation of trusting relationships (the risk of distortion is minimized by implementing real-time communication). Isolated examples in the fields of international relations, tourism and hotel and restaurant business prove that the use of this model is a promising area for practical activities in these areas, as well as for further scientific forecasting, modeling and study of features. Areas of further research are determined by the need to use interdisciplinary methodological and theoretical developments in the field of communications and the practical implementation of certain socio-communication technologies in the fields of international relations, tourism and hotel and restaurant business. Further study of the implementation of interactive models of interaction between participants in communication processes will clarify and improve the effectiveness of the implementation of strategic and business communications in various fields.


We live in a digital age where information on foreign cultures is no longer hard to come by. Designers can easily access any foreign religious symbols and mythical stories by simply searching the internet and then interpret in their own way without consideration as to their original meanings. With this convenience, however, information from the internet is sometimes misconstrued after several interpretations, or it simply may not be correct. As a result foreign cultural elements may seem misplaced or ridiculous to audiences who are familiar with the culture. As a 3D designer from Asian culture, I often sense these misappropriations of Chinese cultural symbols in entertainment products such as video games and movies. In those products the cultural symbols only serve as graphic images and lose their meaning as metaphors. 4 The goal of this thesis project "Old myth, New face" was to create a series of digital characters which are not only able to preserve the cultural connotations, but also could be accepted by users who are familiar with the character style of existing entertainment products.


The expansion of access to higher education through quotas initiated at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) in 2008, in the same year a public policy of permanence actions was developed. The aim of this study is to analyze the literacy and language actions which are part of the educational initiatives of this policy aimed at indigenous students: the English Course for Indigenous Students and the Academic Reading and Writing Course at the University for Indigenous Students. The theoretical and pedagogical basis for the courses, namely the Academic Literacy Studies (LEA; STREET, 1998, 2006; LILLIS, 2001; LEA, 2004) (ACLITS), is presented, and its implications for the development of permanence actions aimed at assisting minority students in their undergraduate courses, mainly those actions targeting Indigenous students. Indigenous students have recently had access to Brazilian public universities, which are currently adjusting their admission systems to the national Quota Act (No. 12.711/2012). The contributions of ACLITS oppose language deficit approaches concerning minority students' literacy practices and historically held practices of academic socialization, which are grounded in supposedly transparent institutional expectations and in a perspective of literacy as cognitive skills acquired by individuals and transferable to any contexts. The academic literacy approach adopted here is oriented towards the diversity of literacy practices and dialogism (BAKHTIN, 2003), which should be fostered in pedagogical spaces for building science and to legitimate new voices in the academy. Literacy is defined as multiple social practices that involve writing in ideologically inscribed discourses, and which are situated socially and historically. The study presents an overview of the development of affirmative action programs in Brazil and of the political participation of Indigenous peoples in organizing their demands for higher education. Moreover, the access and permanence actions developed at UFRGS are described in order to contextualize the academic reading and writing courses offered to Indigenous students. Possibilities and demands for the development of affirmative action policies in higher education in Brazil are discussed based on the current theoretical debates on academic literacy and affirmative actions held by indigenous and non-indigenous researchers.


Aims Wetland ecosystems are an obvious carbon sink, but with constant land reclamation, many wetlands disappeared and degenerated, and reclamation also influences the carbon-cycle between wetland ecosystems and the atmosphere. Cropland is a dominant use of reed (Phragmites australis) wetland in the Yellow River Delta, but the CO2 flux of wetland ecosystems under escalating human influences remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the impact of wetland reclamation on net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) dynamics and quantify CO2 exchange of the two ecosystems' response to environmental and biological factors. Methods Based on eddy covariance technique, we measured CO2 fluxes over the reed wetland and cropland ecosystems and monitored environmental and biological factors in 2011. Important findings The averaged diurnal variation of NEE showed the U-type curve in different months of the growing season over wetland and cropland ecosystems. In the non-growing season, NEE lacked a diurnal pattern and the range of NEE was very small as the result of soil microbial activity. Analyses of NEE showed that the wetland was a net sink for each month from April to September 2011 and a source of CO2 to the atmosphere for the fall and winter months of November to March. In contrast, the cropland was calculated to be a significant net sink for CO2 in the growing season (May to October), while significant net losses of CO2 occurred in the non-growing season (November to April). During the growing season, the maximum daily CO2 uptake and release rates were 16.04 (August 17) and 14.95 (August 9) g CO2·m–2·d–1 and 18.99 (August 22) and 12.23 (July 29) g CO2·m–2·d–1 over wetland and cropland, respectively. Daytime NEE values were strongly correlated with photosynthetic activeradiation (PAR) in the growing season. The CO2 flux was mainly affected by temperature of soil (Ts) in the non-growing season. Soil water content (SWC) and T s were the main factors that influenced nighttime NEE in the growing season. The two ecosystem respiration quotient (Q10) were 2.30 (wetland) and 3.78 (cropland) during the growing season. The wetland and cropland ecosystems were both carbon sinks during the growing season as they absorbed 780.95 and 647.35 g CO2·m-2 , respectively, which means wetland reclamation can reduce its carbon sequestration ability. During the non-growing season, the two ecosystems were carbon sources, releasing 181.90 (wetland ecosystem) and 111.55 (cropland ecosystem) g CO2·m–2 . Over all of 2011, the wetland and cropland ecosystems both were obvious carbon sinks with absorption of 599.05 and 535.80 g CO2·m–2, respectively.


The present invention provides a method of measuring charged species concentration in the sample having a plurality of types of charged species and at least one insoluble component. The method includes providing a sample to the surface of the partially transmissive layer (30), the components of the sample is passed through the partial transmission layer (30) into the channel (12), to separate the components into sections, these sections at least each of one section is substantially to contain a single species of a plurality of types of charged species will comprise measuring the concentration of species in at least one section. .FIELD 1


Feature selection has become a critical process in training models with high throughput biological data. One of the most critical categories of feature selection techniques is penalty-based approaches because of the sparsity of selected features. Penalty-based methods automatically set small estimated coefficients to zero to reduce model complexity. There are many penalty-based methods with different benefits, drawbacks and statistical property. The choosing of these penalty-based methods under different situations has become a problem. So, in this paper, we mainly focus on the comparison and evaluation of four popular penalty-based methods by evaluating the three metrics which are accuracy, robustness and the robustness-performance trade-off (RPT) for each method. Since each of them has its statistical properties, our comparison may be helpful for researchers when making choices when dealing with high throughput data. The result shows that LASSO achieves the best robustness and accuracy among the four feature selection methods when dealing with high throughput TCGA datasets.


A spatially variant mixture multiscale autoregressive prediction (SVMMAP) model is present, which was applied to segmentation of SAR imagery. General process is as follow: at first, by Bootstrap sampling technique a small representative set of pixels is selected; then, expectation maximization (EM) algorithm and least square (LS) estimation were used to estimate the model, and minimum description length (MDL) rule was employed to choose classification number; at last, Bayes classifier was used to segment image. For a simulated image of size 256×256, a segmentation accuracy of 99.76% was achieved. Besides, quantitative assessment was also presented about segmentation quality of images.


This study aimed at designing instructional material named Biotechnology Instruction Module (BIM) which is enriched with active learning methods to enhance the 8th grade students' learning of the topic. The development of the teaching materials proceeded within the stages of the ADDIE instructional design model. The final form of the instructional module comprised active learning materials of DNA Isolation Experiment, Bulletin Boards, 4x2 Biotechnology Learning Station, Case Studies Text, and "What Would You Do If You Were…?" activities. Instructional module covers the topics such as genetically modified organisms (GMO), gene therapy, cloning and bioremediation. The "Biotechnology Instruction Module" is expected to help students to learn in a meaningful way the rapidly changing and renewed biotechnology issues, to foster knowledge and understanding of key issues, to promote socioscientific discourse in class, and to encourage higher order thinking skills.  All the data show that the instructional module applied in the real classroom environment is successful in realizing the learning objectives of the subject of biotechnology.


Ten closely related species are recorded from rolled leaf galls of Geijera in northern N. S. W. and southern Queensland. The genera and species discussed are Choleothrips geijerae Moulton, C. percnus sp. n., Moultonides geijerae (Moulton), Sacothrips bicolor Moulton, S. catheter sp. n., S. corycidis sp. n., S. galbus sp. n., S. ingens sp. n., S. mantoideus (Girault) comb. n. and S. milvus sp. n. These species are placed in three preexisting nominal genera which are also re‐defined. Keys are provided to these genera and species, and their relationships are discussed.


Under crisis conditions, the behavioural model for business entities is determined by the effectiveness of crisis management which requires the use of innovative financial and accounting technologies, as well as changes that occur within the overall management system of the company. In the course of the current research the mechanism of crisis management of business activity and its elements is proposed and the system of procedural support for the crisis management process is determined. The compliance of accounting and financial instruments and technologies with the functions of crisis management of the company is presented. The paper analyses the importance of organizational changes in the process of crisis management. This allows optimizing the processes of information support for the decision-making process and improving the quality of crisis management of a company.


Through using the method of literature research and expert interview, combining the practical condition of our social development and under the guideline of scientific development views, this article analyzed the characteristics of urban community sports and existing problems, made out the developing countermeasure of urban community sports under the view of scientific development.


St George Jackson Mivart (1827–1900) became famous in the Catholic Church mainly because of his theory that the human body emerged as a product of evolution, whereas the human soul was given to the first man by God. The aim of this article is to discuss Mivart's position in ethics. It deals with the controversies Mivart had with Darwinists on various topics: natural selection, the morality of animals and "savages", and last, but not least, eugenics. It points out that in his critique of Charles Darwin, Mivart was occasionally more focused on the opinions of Thomas Henry Huxley, Herbert Spencer and George Darwin.


This article analyzes the impact of capital regulation on bank efficiency using panel data from 165 commercial banks in China from 2013 to 2019. The results indicate that cost efficiency changes slightly and profit efficiency fluctuates greatly. Under the pressure of capital regulation, the profit efficiency of commercial banks with sufficient capital improves, while profit efficiency of banks with insufficient capital decreases slightly, and the cost efficiency of all commercial banks increases. Based on the heterogeneity analysis of banks, it is found that the cost efficiency and profit efficiency of different types of commercial banks differ significantly in response to capital regulation.


A male Drosophila that is not successful in courtship will reduce his courtship efforts in the next encounter with a female. This courtship suppression persists for more than 1 h in wild-type males. The Btk29A(ficP) mutant males null for the Btk29A type 2 isoform, a fly homolog of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Btk, show no courtship suppression, while Btk29A hypomorphic males exhibit a rapid decline in courtship suppression, leading to its complete loss within 30 min. The males of a revertant stock or Btk29A(ficP) males that are also mutant for parkas, a gene encoding the presumptive negative regulator of Btk29A, exhibit normal courtship suppression. Since another behavioral assay has shown that Btk29A(ficP) mutants are sensitization-defective, we hypothesize that the mutant flies are unable to maintain the neural excitation state acquired by experience, resulting in the rapid loss of courtship suppression.


Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. is a major threat to cowpea production reducing
 the quality, quantity and market value of cowpea grains. A cheap and easy
 identification method would be a valuable tool in identifying and breeding
 resistant genotypes in the vast cowpea germplasm. Hence, the purpose of the
 study was to identify and evaluate the genetics of cowpea traits between
 resistant and susceptible plant genotypes to C. maculatus. Contrasting
 qualitative and quantitative traits in C. maculatus resistant and
 susceptible parents were evaluated in 72 F2 progeny cowpea plants.
 Heritability, segregation and association of investigated traits with the C.
 maculatus resistant performance of the F2 cowpea genotypes were evaluated to
 determine closely related traits with C. maculatus resistance. Results from
 the study showed high heritability for all cowpea quantitative traits except
 leaf petiole length. Both Mendelian inheritance and non-Mendelian
 inheritance were observed among qualitative traits. However, association
 evaluation between cowpea traits and mean bruchid development period,
 percentage adult emergence and oviposition preference were weak (r < 0.5)
 and not significant (p < 0.05). This indicates that C. maculatus resistance
 in cowpea may be attributed to factors other than morphological variations.


ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the role of autopsy in the diagnosis of missed injuries (MI) and definition of trauma quality program goals. Method: Retrospective analysis of autopsy reports and patient's charts. Injuries present in the autopsy, but not in the chart, were defined as "missed". MI were characterized using Goldman's criteria: Class I, if the diagnosis would have modified the management and outcome; Class II, if it would have modified the management, but not the outcome; Class III, if it would not have modified neither the management nor the outcome. We used Mann-Whitney's U and Pearson's chi square for statistical analysis, considering p<0.05 as significant. Results: We included 192 patients, with mean age of 56.8 years. Blunt trauma accounted for 181 cases, and 28.6% were due to falls from the same level. MI were diagnosed in 39 patients (20.3%). Using Goldman's criteria, MI were categorized as Class I in 3 (1.6%) and Class II in 11 (5.6%). MI were more often diagnosed in the thoracic segment (25 patients, 64.1% of the MI). The variables significantly associated (p<0.05) to MI were: time of hospitalization < 48 h, severe trauma mechanism, and not undergoing surgery or computed tomography. At autopsy, the values of ISS and NISS were higher in patients with MI. Conclusion: the review of the autopsy report allowed diagnosis of MIs, which did not influence outcome in their majority. Many opportunities of improvement in quality of care were identified.


Mucositis is a well known short term complication of ABMT. Many studies of mucositis in ABMT, however, are flawed due to heterogeneity of both mobilizing regimens and high-dose preparative regimens. There is also sparse data on the long term consequences of mucositis after ABMT. This study retrospectively reviews all patients with lymphoid malignancies undergoing ABMT from 5/2000 to 2/2005 at our institution that received a uniform mobilizing regimen of VP-16 plus G-CSF and a uniform high dose preparative regimen of busulfan, cyclophosphamide and VP-16. 191 patients fit the entry criteria into this study. Mucositis was graded using the OMAS mucositis grading scale, which has a scoring range of 0–2.0. Severe mucositis for the purposes of this study was designated as having a maximal OMAS scale of ≥ 1.0. 87 patients experienced severe mucositis and 104 did not. Median age for patients was 52 years; underlying diagnoses were non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (n=155) and Hodgkin's Disease (n=36). The two groups (developing severe mucositis vs not) were balanced with respect to disease status at transplant, number of courses of prior chemotherapy, prior exposure to radiation therapy of any kind, and elevated LDH at the time of transplant. Median CD34+ cell dose collected for the entire group was 8.5 x 10 6 /kg; there was no difference between the 2 groups. Severe mucositis correlated with mortality within 100 days of transplant. Patients with a maximal OMAS scale of One of the key drivers of this difference in survival was the fact the patients with severe mucositis were more likely to experience pulmonary or multi-organ failure as a cause of death: 8 patients with severe mucositis died of these toxicities, as compared to zero in the less severe mucositis group. Multivariable Cox analysis was performed to analyze risk factors for mortality. Three variables were found to be significant: elevated LDH at transplant (p=0.03), number of prior chemotherapy regimens (for one regimen increase, p=0.024) and severe mucositis (p=0.003). In conclusion, patients that develop severe mucositis have a higher risk of mortality after ABMT. The etiology is likely multi-factorial; mucositis may directly contribute to mortality risk, and may also be a surrogate marker of other organ toxicities.


How do we deal with oral genres in a world where new technologies have become available to more and more people? (Merolla Daniela vii). Oral genres in Africa are alive and dynamic. Technology too, is not at a standstill. It is changing rapidly and altering the way verbal art is composed, performed, documented and conveyed to a wider audience. For various reasons, Africa is lagging behind in multimedia research and documentation of oral genres. The lack of proportionate presence of African oral genres in the global digital map is caused by, among other factors, the slow pace of adoption of multimedia research and documentation. This paper, therefore, examines how the new communications technologies, in particular the computer-mediated communication (CMC), impact on research and documentation of African oral literature in the digital age. Specifically, the paper examines the extent to which multimedia research and documentation of oral genres in Africa are influenced by digital technology. The paper discusses the value of multimedia research and documentation of oral genres in Africa in digital era, the potential challenges that digitalization of research is likely to encounter and how best the challenges can be managed. The paper calls for a deliberate approach to the employment of digitalized multimedia research and documentation in Africa because being digital is unstoppable.


Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), also known as high-entropy alloys, are often designed to be equiatomic from entropy considerations. We show that relaxing such constraint could lead to enhanced mechanical and surface properties, which is critical for applications of MPEAs under complex environment where both stress and corrosion attacks occur. Specifically, using spin-polarized density functional theory calculations, the effects of chromium (Cr) concentration on the mechanical and surface properties of CoCrFeNi with ~ 16, 25, and 34 at.% Cr were studied. It was found that Cr plays significant roles in affecting both mechanical properties and surface reactivity. Alloys with higher Cr percentage showed higher Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio, as well as higher chemical activity of surface Cr atoms. Overall, a non-equiatomic composition of Co_22Cr_34Fe_22Ni_22 was predicted with simultaneously optimized strength and surface reactivity. Graphical abstract


For decades, reformers have emphasized discussion over recitation and lecture. Yet, traditional communication patterns are still dominant in mathematics classrooms internationally. In an effort to better understand this challenge, the present study investigates patterns and contributions of research on discussion in mathematics teaching. Based on systematic search in the Eric database, and in selected journals of mathematics education, 72 studies were reviewed. Based on analysis and discussion of the reviewed studies, it is suggested to develop conceptual clarity and include definitions of core terms like discussion, to consider alternative methods for studying discussion in teaching, and to consider shifting the focus from teacher actions to the entailments of the work of leading mathematical discussions.


Adopting the methods of documentation,questionnaire and mathematical statistics,this paper analyses basic conditions of aerobics teams in Fujian colleges,then proposes the corresponding development strategy in order to make teams aerobics in Fujian colleges have a healthy,orderly and sustainable development.


The study investigated the relationship between Headteachers' reward systems and Teacher Work engagement secondary schools in Mbale Municipality, Uganda. The study aimed at determining level of headteachers' reward systems use, level of work engagement among secondary school teachers, and to establish the relationship between headteachers' reward systems and teacher work engagement. Sequential explanatory mixed method design, specifically cross sectional survey design was employed. The study population was 467 and a sample of 215 respondents was drawn using purposive, simple and stratified sampling techniques. Data collected using questionnaires and interviews, was analyzed by use of descriptive, Pearson correlation analysis, and thematic analysis. It was established that headteachers' reward systems use was moderate (M = 13.16, SD = 3.75); teacher work engagement was very high (M = 65.06, SD = 10.80); and a positive significant relationship (r = 0.38, p < .05) was observed between headteachers' reward systems and teacher work engagement. Therefore, it was concluded that headteachers' reward systems are very vital in enhancing work engagement among secondary school teachers.