.................................................................................................................................... 4 History and Politics ................................................................................................................... 6 Growing Scientific Consensus ............................................................................................. 7 Public Perception .................................................................................................................. 9 Political Responses .............................................................................................................. 10 Local Political Responses ................................................................................................ 12 Literature Review .................................................................................................................... 13 Primary Theoretical Considerations .................................................................................. 14 An Overview of Tiebout Effects ..................................................................................... 14 Effects of capital investments in Transit ............................................................................ 15 Infrastructure in Schools .................................................................................................... 16 Education Production Function ........................................................................................ 17 Literature Informing the Empirical Model ........................................................................ 18 Education and Residential Convergence ........................................................................... 19 Residential Choice and School Choice ......................................................................... 19 Differences in Racialized Institutions ............................................................................ 19 Class-Based Differences in Residential/Education Choices ......................................... 20 Availability of Private Schools ........................................................................................ 22 INVESTING IN STABILITY 2 Sione Filimoehala Methods and Data .................................................................................................................. 22 Data Sources ....................................................................................................................... 22 Empirical Research Design ................................................................................................. 24 Summary Statistics .............................................................................................................. 26 Secondary Questions .......................................................................................................... 32 Findings ................................................................................................................................... 33 Primary Question................................................................................................................ 33 Ordinary Least Squares Regression ................................................................................ 33 Fixed-Effects Regression ................................................................................................. 34 Random-Effects Regression ............................................................................................ 34 Difference-in-Difference ..................................................................................................... 36 Secondary Question, Model 1 ............................................................................................ 37 Secondary Question, Model 2 ............................................................................................ 38 Limitations .......................................................................................................................... 40 Discussion and Policy Implications ........................................................................................ 41 Tertiary Effects of Policy and Implications ........................................................................ 41 Uncertainty in Investment ................................................................................................. 42 Building Infrastructure for Community Resilience ........................................................... 44 Further Study .......................................................................................................................... 44 INVESTING IN STABILITY 3 Sione Filimoehala Limitations of the Empirical Model ................................................................................... 45 Distribution of Grant Funds .............................................................................................. 45 Increased Granularity ......................................................................................................... 45 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 46 References ............................................................................................................................... 48 INVESTING IN STABILITY 4 Sione Filimoehala Abstract Geological scientists have predicted an impending massive earthquake is likely to occur on the North Pacific Coast of the US. In response to the warnings of impending disaster, the State of Oregon has implemented several disaster preparedness measures, including the Seismic Rehabilitation Grant Project (SRGP), a grant dispersed to public school buildings in an effort to mitigate lives lost in the event of large-scale seismic activity. By following the dispersal of this grant, I perform a test the primary hypotheses of Charles Tiebout's "Theory of Local Expenditures," specifically the assertion that public services afforded to an area will increase desirability of the area. This was tested through a longitudinal analysis of home prices in neighborhoods in which the local school has received the SRGP funds, and will be compared to the changes over the same time in house prices of similar neighborhoods. From this test, an average increase in home values of 3.7% was found in areas that contained school buildings that received funds from the SRGP. These findings pose normative questions of how governments ought to act, including variation in differently sized governmental bodies.


"Bill Readings and the supplement" is an attempt to trace the various connections of Bill Readings' work on Milton with his ethics of reading and writing, his pedagogical stance in class and relationship to his students, and finally his relationship to the name. The paper imagines setting up the rudiments of a symptomatic grapho-biography that juxtaposes itself to psychoanalytic readings-with their attendant implications of mastery.


Abstract Since conventional processes for treating textile effluents have limitations, this work aimed to investigate the application of advanced oxidation technology in this type of matrix. Initially, for a textile dyes mixture in solution, the photo-Fenton/sunlight process proved to be the most efficient among other systems tested. During the tests it was found that the degradation kinetics depends of the pH and catalyst and oxidant concentrations. After 60 min under optimized conditions, the color was reduced by 98.19%, with 92.52% organic matter conversion. Ecotoxicity tests with the Lactuca Sativa vegetable indicated that the dyes were not totally oxidized to inert compounds, although the treated solution did not cause a significant toxic effect for this species. In the second stage of the research, the photodegradation in real samples of textile wastewater was evaluated. The efficiency of the photo-Fenton/sunlight process was lower than that obtained for the dyes solution, a fact attributed to the greater complexity of the real matrix. However, the data also indicated that the combination of coagulation/flocculation and advanced oxidation processes is the most suitable methodology to reduce the fraction of biodegradable compounds. In summary, research has revealed that photocatalytic degradation of dyes through advanced oxidation is an efficient treatment.


ABSTRACTAn applicator of the travelling wave resonator type is proposed for heating thin and low loss materials with a reasonably high power converson efficiency. The design and analysis of the applicator are presented, together with experimental data, to establish some basic advantages over the more conventional web heating techniques.


This study classified the types of dining-out activities into three categories: visiting restaurants, using delivery services, and using take-out services to understand how customers' various dining-out activities were carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used the Theory of Planed Behavior (TPB) model to analyze the structural relationship between the main factors and three dining-out activities. An online survey method was used to distribute and collect survey link addresses through respondents' SNS and e-mail and a data analysis was performed on the final 429(85.8%) effective samples. A paired t-test and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to investigate customers' dining-out activities. This study is of significant contribution in that it compared and analyzed customers' various dining-out activities using the TPB model, laid the theoretical foundation for related research, and suggested ways to help related industry workers establish marketing strategies under the pandemic.


The disordered superlattice, an artificially constructed material recently proposed, is fabricated. Photoluminescence and absorption properties of AlAs/GaAs disordered superlattices are compared with those of Al0.5Ga0.5As bulk alloy and (AlAs)2(GaAs)2 ordered superlattice. Their macroscopic AlAs compositions are the same 0.5, but their microscopic structures are different. Among them, the disordered superlattice exhibits the highest photoluminescent intensity in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 300 K. Absorption spectra of three different structured materials are measured, and tail states are observed in the disordered superlattice. Strong photoluminescent capability of the disordered superlattice is interpreted in terms of the tail states created by disordering in the atomic arrangement.


This research was performed to examine the effects of mixed espil and copper hydroxide for powdery mildew prevention on cucumber, tomato and pepper. On prevention effect for powdery mildew on cucumber, results revealed that mixed espil and copper hydroxide with a ratio of 4 : 1, disease incidence rate was 18.9% and prevention effect was 69.9%. Another treatment with a ratio of 8 : 1 showed an disease incidence rate of 18.1% and prevention effect of 71.1%, thus, showed great effectiveness. For powdery mildew on tomato, espil and copper hydroxide were mixed using the ratio 4 : 1, results showed an disease incidence rate of 12.4% and prevention effect of 85.3%. Treatment using the ratio of 8 : 1, results showed an disease incidence rate of 14.3% and prevention effect of 83.0%, thus, showed great effectiveness. For powdery mildew on redpepper, espil and copper hydroxide were mixed using the ratio of 4 : 1 with results showed disease incidence rate of 17.7% and prevention effect of 83.0%. From the results, this treatment is the most effective with the lowest attack rate and highest prevention effect. Deducing from the study, it was found out that using mixed espil and copper hydroxide using the ratios 4 : 1 or 8 : 1 are the most effective method for powdery mildew prevention. Mixed ratio of 4 : 1 or 8 : 1 was most effective for preventing powdery mildew on cucumber and tomato, while the espil and copper hydroxide ratio of 4 : 1 was the most effective method for powdery mildew prevention on pepper.


The article reviews the exhibition "Basquiat's 'Defacement': The Untold Story" running at Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York featuring the works of American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat.


Although there was a pre-historical period of semiotic and narrative studies of Chinese characteristics, there is no doubt that both semiotics and narratology are disciplines or interdisciplinary sub-branches of learning that were 'borrowed' from the West immediately after China's opening to the outside world and economic reform. Modern semiotics was introduced in China along with the translation of such Western theorists as Saussure, Piaget, Lotman, Eco, Kristeva, Lacan, Derrida, and Barthes. And narratology in its structural sense was introduced into the Chinese context along with the translation of such theorists as Todorov, Genette, Propp, Bakhtin, Greimas, and Halliday. In literary and cultural studies, including film studies and translation studies, Chinese scholars seem to combine the two approaches into narrative studies, which is also a subdiscipline or research area of increasing interest in the Western academia. The present special issue will focus on narrative studies from a semiotic perspective in an attempt to inform international academic circles that, through the creative and dynamic applications by Chinese scholars, they have also produced some Chinese studies that could not only promote dialogue with our Western counterparts but also complement semiotics and various narrative theories in the West. The narrative studies explored in this issue remain a part of a developing field chiefly under the disciplines of literary, art criticism, and history studies. In the field of literary studies, scholars tend to use the term xushuxue or xushixue (narratology), which is characterized by a sort of textcentered tendency of structuralist features. In the other fields of art criticism and history studies, scholars or critics instead use the broad and more inclusive term xushi lilun (narrative theory) or simply xushi (narrative). In this respect, we find that it coincides to some extent with what has been going on in Western academia in the past few years. At first, narratology was chiefly adopted by literary scholars of linguistic background as a research approach to individual literary texts from a structural linguistic perspective. In recent years, along with the rise and prevalence of


In the present study we report resonance Raman study on multiwalled carbon nanotubes treated with HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4. Acids are commonly used in purification procedures in order to remove catalyst particles from the as-produced material. However, it is known that acid treatments in multiwalled carbon nanotubes can induce a surface functionalisation and intercalation of the walls, modifying their electronic properties. Here, we present a comparative study between samples of multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with the most common acids used in the purification of carbon materials, and the influence of the acid treatment time on their vibronic properties. The samples were analysed via the Raman spectroscopy using the laser length of 785 nm. The presented data reveal the modification of the typical multiwalled carbon nanotubes Raman bands such as: disorder band (D band), the graphite band (G band), and the two-phonon second order Raman band (G′ band). The last one shows a broadening effect on its line shape and the appearance of an additional peak. All the treatments enhance the number of defects in the graphitic structure of multiwalled carbon nanotubes.


As a result of the traumatic conditions in which they often work, the police in the
UK and the US have begun to recognise the importance of the spiritual dimension at work. As the credit crisis deepens,
conditions in other professions are becoming very challenging and we may be able to learn
from the police's example.


In the course of studies of the interaction of proteins with TiO2 nanoparticles, we have investigated the role of the medium employed in cellular tests, by measuring the variation of ζ-potential vs pH in the range 2-9 and bovine serum albumin adsorption on TiO2 P25 in the presence of either HEPES or PBS as buffers, both mimicking the physiological pH, but with different chemical nature. The two buffers yield remarkably dissimilar surface charges and protein uptake, i.e., they impart different surface characteristics to the particles which could affect the contact with cells or tissues. This may account for dissimilar toxicological outcomes among in vitro tests and particularly between in vitro vs in vivo tests, considering the high amount of phosphate ions present in body fluids.


Studies were carried out on the main indicators of the chemical composition and physical properties of muskulus longissimus dorsi of pigs of different genotypes during hybridization. The indicators of the chemical composition and physical properties of muskulus longissimus dorsi were determined by conventional methods. The materials of experimental studies were processed using methods of variation statistics. According to the amount of moisture, no significant difference between the control and experimental groups was established. According to the amount of protein in meat, a tendency to a slight decrease, compared with the control group by 1.4 (group III) … 1.9 % (group II) was established. The use of boars of Poltava meat breed led to a decrease in intramuscular fat in descendants by 0.25 % compared with peers of a large white breed (P <0.95), and precocious meat - to a real increase of this indicator by 0.43 % at P> 0 , 95. A tendency towards an increase in the amount of tryptophan (by 0.04 ... 0.05) and oxyproline (by 0.004 ... 0.005) in the muscles of hybrid animals was revealed in comparison with peers of pure breed of large white breed. In terms of the biological usefulness of meat proteins, animals of group III were the best - in terms of the quality of the protein of the longest muscle of the back, their advantage over peers of group II was 0.07, and compared with purebred peers. Group I - 0.12 (p <0.95). It was found that with the same area of the meat spot both in purebred large white breeds of animals and hydrides of different genotypes, there is a tendency to increase the latter compared to the control in a humid place: with a «share» of «blood» ½ pm by 2.2 %, and with a «share» of blood ½ cm - 1.4 %. A tendency has been established to increase the pH value of the longest back muscle in animals with a «share» of blood of specialized meat breeds compared with a large white breed. In hybrid animals with a «share» of blood of Poltava meat and precocious meat breeds, there is a tendency to increase the pH value in comparison with the large white breed by 0.15 (2.8 %) and by 0.17 (3.1 %), i.e. the meat of hybrid pigs, the pH of which has a shift towards alkalinity due to less accumulation of lactic acid, has a worse preservation.


According to one aspect, embodiments of the invention provide a UPS system comprising an input configured to receive input AC power, an output configured to provide output AC power to a load, a converter coupled to the input and configured to convert the input AC power into DC power, a DC bus configured to receive the DC power, an inverter configured to convert the DC power from the DC bus into output AC power and provide the output AC Power to the output, and a controller configured to receive an output AC output voltage level selection from a user, operate the inverter to generate the output AC power having an AC voltage level based on the output AC output voltage level selection, and operate the converter to generate the DC power having a DC voltage level based on the output AC output voltage level selection.


Hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements that have been poorly designed, compacted and/or constructed have higher chances of experiencing moisture-related damage. This research evaluates the interrelationship between field/laboratory permeability and other mechanical and physical pavement characteristics. Eight sites in Eastern Ontario were selected for evaluating the pavement's field permeability and core extraction. Laboratory specimens of the same mixes studied in the field were prepared using the Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC). The relative density (RD), lab permeability, and indirect tensile strength (IDT) tests were for the fieldrecovered cores and SGC specimens. Permeability, RD, and IDT were found to be related such that as RD and/or IDT decreases, the permeability increases exponentially. The strength of these relationships varied for the three test settings (SGC, field-recovered cores, and field measurements). The coefficients of field permeability and laboratory permeability using fieldrecovered cores were statistically different, with a fair relationship between these two test settings.


This design aims to produce a design design and detail dimensions of Automatic Cashew Nut Skin shelling which is strong, safe and can reduce damage to cashew during stripping. The process of designing Automatic Cashew Nut Shelling is carried out by stages, namely planning and explanation of the functions of the main parts, planning the concept of design drawings, and technical analysis including analysis of force, power, and torque stresses that occur on the shaft and pulleys. The driving energy of Automatic Cashew nut shelling is planned to use an electric motor with a power of 2 hp with a motor speed of 2400 rpm. The results of the design produced a Cashew Nut Skin Sheliing with a capacity of 20 kg / hour. The transmission system uses a V-belt with a drive pulley diameter of 60 mm and pulleys that are moved 170 mm, belt speed 7.537 m / s, belt length 681.26 mm, shaft diameter 15 mm with JIS G 4051 carbon steel material, planned power of 2.25 kW. The pyramid-shaped hopper is stuck with a volume of 2575000 mm^2, and the force of pressure applied to stripping cashew 1230 N/m^2.


Wafer-level integration of micro heater on an alkali vapor cell for chip-scale SERF magnetometers is presented. In order to obtain a suitable resistivity, polysilicon and aluminum are mixed as the target material. Magnetron sputtering is adopted to fabricate the heater on the surface of the alkali vapor cell. Various voltages are applied to the heater, of which the temperatures are measured by thermal sensitive sensors. Spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) atomic magnetometer with the heater integrated on the alkali vapor cell is characterized. Results show that the micro heater is successfully integrated on the alkali vapor cell. With the integrated heater, the rubidium vapor cell is heated up to 120°C by a 445kHz AC current. The sensitivity of the SERF magnetometer is 6.3pT/Hz1/2. Results also indicate that it provides an effective and low-cost solution for the miniaturization of atomic magnetometers.


The purpose of this mechanism is to enhance the chip's internal connections and read/write memory capabilities. The Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) is one such shared bus that uses static random-access memory to achieve this goal. As a result, it's important to weigh a variety of design options before diving into the Verilog description. It's also important to remember that the system must be designed to accommodate a large number of interoperable modules and memories. The design, on the other hand, starts with fewer modules and a less complicated description and realisation that relies on memory access. ModelSim is used to simulate after the delay has been modelled in Verilog. Since the interface's static random-access memory uses an APB protocol, its performance may be tested at this stage. In addition, Questasim employs verification modules and System Verilog technologies to guarantee the system's operation. From the obtained results, the Direct Memory Access (DMA) with SRAM-APB outperforms the alternatives, particularly in frame transmission schemes, with a wire efficiency that is 1.4 times higher and a dynamic energy efficiency that is nearly twice as high as those of conventional configurations.


Conducted Living Labs would not have been possible without engaged students and lecturers both in Belgium and the Caribbean, the Caribbean partner institutions, funding of the VLIR of the EU, and all the actors of the working field involved.


To localize the connection between intergeniculate nucleus and suprachisasmatic nucleus through geniculohypothalamic tract in postnatal mongolian gerbil, we injected lacZ inserted PRV-Bartha strain into suprachiasmatic nucleus and tried to immunostain against it with Rb134 and mouse anti-β-galactosidase. The numbers of immunoreactive neurons in intergeniculate leaflet were 8 ± 3.2 in P1 period, 10 ± 4.1 in P3 period and 13 ± 6.2 in P7 period, and was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and had tendency to increase with time consuming. The results showed that intergeniculate leaflet had projected some axons into suprachiasmatic nucleus through geniculohyptothalamic tract in postnatal mongolian gerbil. But we could not exclude the possibility of direct projections from dorsal and ventral geniculate nuclei into suprachisamatic nucleus completely.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether the noise from low-level flights over Labrador and Quebec is harmful to human health.

DATA SOURCE AND SELECTION
Search of MEDLINE for articles on the effect of noise, particularly impulse noise associated with low-level flights, and a search of the references from identified articles.

DATA SYNTHESIS
The noise levels from low-level flights could affect hearing acuity. However, the more important consequences appear to be stress-mediated physiologic effects, especially cardiovascular ones, and psychologic distress, particularly in children. Subjective perception of control over the noise has been found to mitigate some physiologic effects.

CONCLUSION
There is sufficient evidence to show that the noise from low-level flights is harmful to human health.


Distributed sources can be regarded as an assembly of point sources within a spatial distribution. In this paper, we explore the estimation of the two-dimensional incoherently distributed sources using double L-shape arrays. The rotational invariance properties of the nominal elevation and nominal elevation are firstly obtained by taking first-order Taylor series expansions with regard to the generalized steering vectors of two pairs of parallel subarrays. The rotation operators can be solved based on signal subspace. Then the nominal elevation and nominal elevation can be obtained from parameters matching method. Estimation of direction of arrival can be used in multi-source scenario and needn't peak-finding search. Lastly the angular spreads can be solved through two-dimensional Capon search based on nominal angles. The simulation experiments show that the proposed method has good performance on the estimation of two-dimensional incoherently distributed sources. Investigating different experimental conditions, sources with different angular spreads, simulations are conducted to validate better estimation accuracy of the proposed method.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: HoLEP is recommended by AUA guidelines as size independent gold standard for the treatment of obstructive benign prostate hyperplasia. As such, we aimed to report on perioperative outcomes and to identify predictors of prolonged postoperative catheterization time in our large single centre experience. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 2,131 men undergoing HoLEP at our institution between 2006-2015. Standard pre-, intra- and postoperative characteristics were analysed, while multivariable logistic regression models (MVA) aimed to identify predictors of prolonged catheterization (defined as being above groups median). RESULTS: Median age and prostate volume were 71 years (Interquartile range (IQR):66-76) and 77 ml (IQR:56-102), respectively. 465 (21.82%) patients received concomitant low-dose Aspirin, therapeutic low-weight molecular Heparin was present in 123 (5.77%), direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use was present in 35 (1.64%) of men. Median time of enucleation and morcellation, specimen weight, and reduction in haemoglobin (Hb Delta) were 51 min (interquartile range (IQR):38-67), 10 min (IQR:6-17), 50 gr (IQR:29.7-76.0), 1.2 mg/dl (IQR:0.6-1.9). 58 (2.72%) patients experienced a Clavien-Dindo Complication ≥3, median days of catheterization and hospitalization were 2 days (IQR:2-2) and 4 days (IQR:4-5). 450 (21.1%) of patients experienced prolonged catheterization. Preoperative versus postoperative presence of indwelling catheter, postvoiding residual (PVR), Qmax, and voiding time, were 31.68% (n=675) vs. 8.17% (n=174), p<0.001; 100 ml (IQR:60-200) vs. 25.9 ml (Standard deviation (SD): 68.7ml), p<0.001; 9.9 ml/s (IQR:7-13.8) vs. 21.4 ml/s (IQR:15-30), p=0.003; 44 s (IQR:29.0-65.51) vs. 26.25 s (IQR:20-36.12), p=0.003. On MVA, age (OR:1.03,95% Confidence Interval(CI):1.01-1.04), ASA Score (OR:1.3, 95%CI:1.05-1.61), prostate volume >150 ml (OR:1.9, 95%CI:1.08-3.32) and DOACs (OR:2.49, 95%CI:1.18-5.23), were the only predictors of prolonged catheterization. CONCLUSIONS: Our decade long experience confirms HoLEP as an efficacious treatment for BPH with a low complication rate. Patients with very large prostates and patients treated with DOACs are at highest risk for prologend catheterization. Source of Funding: None


Wireless networks are becoming popular because of their ease of access and connectivity, especially the Ad hoc network, which can be setup in a minute and supports mobility. The ad hoc network is at very early stage, but evolving fast. Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of ad hoc network consists of mobile nodes connected through wireless technology. It is open, decentralized, low powered and dynamic in nature which makes it popular not only among the researchers but also among the attackers. The routing in MANET provides shorter path to reach destination, but that may not be the reliable one. So to make it reliable researchers have proposed various security mechanisms like Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), secure routing protocols, firewalls etc. The Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement (EAACK) is one of the security schemes. In EAACK, the S-ACK mode successfully detects the malicious link in the network. But it declares both the nodes connecting or forming this link as malicious or misbehaving node. So to detect exact malicious node we are proposing an improved EAACK scheme. In proposed scheme we are making use of Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) for improved security with reduced key size and with less computation.


Urban land and railway electric transportation supplied from overhead d.c. and a.c. contact-conductor mains is a source of intensive quasi-impulsive interference in a broad frequency band. This report presents results of investigations made in the U.S.S.R. during a number of years directed at the improvement of electromagnetic environment along the routes of electric transport. The investigation aimed to improve broadcast and television reception as well as improving the conditions of service radio communication at the electric transport.


During run-up of a rotor, transient vibrations are introduced when passing through critical speeds which excite the corresponding vibration mode. It was shown recently that a modal interaction is achieved artificially by employing a parametric antiresonance via a time-periodic bearing controller. Due to this mode coupling, a modal energy transfer is triggered which decreases the maximum amplitude at the first critical speed since some vibration energy is transferred to the highly damped second mode. An analytical approximation is derived for the maximum vibration amplitude. This result allows a physical interpretation of the paramtric anti-resonance in the context of passage through resonance and reveals the physical parameters and its dependencies for engineering an efficient bearing controller.


deal cause regulator to lose control over local narrow matters and sudden a race to the bottom over matters such as social benefit standards, environmental principles, and worker defence legislation. Open trade exacerbate inequality in the distribution of income liberty from brutal, cruel or degrading treatment, liberty from servitude, the right to equal opportunity and non-discrimination The correct condition to an enough normal of living including the right to sufficient food, clothing and housing, The right to maintain a high standard of physical and mental health, The right to work accompany by the right to just and fair-haired conditions of Abstract: This paper examines the concepts of globalism and globalization interpreted as human advancement. It attempts to highlight the impact of globalization on human rights regime, and evaluates the relationship between globalism or globalization and international human rights. The paper discussed that technological ability enhanced globalism of which now, products and people are transported rapidly and in large numbers across great distances, that economic interchange across borders has linked the world more together and creating economic interdependence in varied ways than ever. The paper expressed findings of disappointment over the processes adopted by technologically advanced countries which negatively affect the exercise and enjoyment of international human rights. The paper concludes that due to globalization mass communications in industrialized democracies and are still greeted with suspicion by authoritarian governments to the neglect of international human rights. It is suggested that the world government should not undermine authoritarian governments. In particular it is recommended that advanced countries should desist from imposition of fines and meting forceful imprisonment on those that badregimesalleges are end angering their national security by transmitting dissident information and opinions. The methodology used is historical and descriptive with political economy and interstate as framework of analysis.


To study the characteristics of reactive power and harmonic of 500kV DC de-icer, the ice-melting technologies including the calculation method of critical ice-melting current, ice-melting time and maximum ice-melting current are clarified. The detail ice-melting methods and strategies for the 500kV transmission lines are proposed. Based on the ice-melting current calculation of Kang-Ding substation transmission lines in Sichuan, China, the 500kV/150MVA DC de-icer is deployed for the 500kV transmission lines. The effectiveness and feasibility of the ice-melting algorithm is validated by the RTDS simulation and the field test results. It is proved that the harmonic distortions of voltage and current are increased with the increasing ice melting current, which can be improved by the installation of passive filters.


Sampling valve for sterile taking of samples from fermenters or bioreactors, in which a sample via a flow channel which is formed in a valve housing and via which a sample inlet is connected with a sample outlet, is removable, and wherein the valve housing by means of the sample flow channel via a own sterilant inlet flowing through sterilizing agent is heat-sterilized, and in which the valve housing can be cooled, characterized in that in the valve housing (1) is integrated into a separate cooling means (21) adjacent than to the sample flow channel (17) cooling flow channel (18) having a is formed connector (26 ') for a coolant inlet (23) and a connection (26' ') for a Kuhlmittelaunlass (22) through which the sample flow channel (17) is actively cooled.


Although the incidence of gastric cancer is decreasing, it is still the fifth leading cause of cancer death in Western countries. The reasons for the poor prognosis and the unresponsiveness to chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not known. Recently, growth factor receptors have been shown to play a role in the carcinogenesis and progression of various types of human cancer. In the present study, we have analyzed expression and colocalization of three closely related growth factor receptors – epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, c-erbB-2, and c-erbB-3 – in human gastric cancers. Using Northern blot analysis we found a threefold overexpression of EGF receptor, a twofold overexpression of c-erbB-2, and a 1.25-fold overexpression of c-erbB-3 mRNA in gastric cancer in comparison with normal controls. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the concomitant presence of EGF receptor, c-erbB-2, and c-erbB-3 in gastric cancer cells, indicating that these receptors may combine to contribute to the malignant transformation of cells and give gastric cancer cells a growth advantage.


ABSTRACT Various models have been proposed to estimate the degree of backscatter in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. However, it is still necessary to calibrate these models based on the characteristics of different study areas and to propose new models to achieve the highest possible accuracy in estimating the backscattering coefficient ( ) SAR. In this study, three empirical models, including Champion, Sahebi and Zribi/Dechambre, were initially calibrated for two SAR datasets (i.e. The Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) and Canadian Space Agency radar satellite (RADARSAT-1)) acquired over two bare soil study areas with various soil characteristics. The Zribi/Dechambre model was then modified by revising the roughness parameter to obtain higher accuracy in estimating over a larger range of incidence angles (θ). A new empirical model was also proposed by combining the four parameters of Soil Moisture (SM), standard deviation of surface height -root mean square- (rms), correlation length (l), and θ. To this end, the most appropriate form of the regression model was investigated and used for each of these parameters to obtain the highest correlation between the in-situ data and values. A comparison of the empirical models showed that the modified Zribi/Dechambre had the highest accuracy in predicting values with the Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) of 1.20 dB and 1.59 dB over Oklahoma and Quebec, respectively. Furthermore, coefficients values of the new proposed model remained stable in the two datasets unlike the other investigated models. In this study, the effects of l on the accuracy of the new proposed model were also assessed. It was concluded that l had a considerable impact on the accuracy of the proposed model and including this parameter can improve the accuracy by up to 1 dB.


Bacteria produce a wide variety of both proteinaceous and nonproteinaceous molecules for defense, mediation of microbial competitions, and signaling purposes. Of the protein-based molecules, there are examples of large folded polypeptides that are translated conventionally from genes as well as


Background Fibrinogen γ ' results from alternative processing of the fibrinogen γ pre-mRNA. Recently, associations between fibrinogen γ ' and risk of arterial and deep venous thrombosis have been reported. Furthermore, haplotypes of the fibrinogen gamma (FGG) gene have been associated with fibrinogen γ ' levels, the fibrinogen γ '/total fibrinogen ratios and risk of thrombosis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the role of fibrinogen γ ' and FGG haplotypes in ischemic stroke. Patients/Methods The associations between fibrinogen γ ' levels, the fibrinogen γ '/total fibrinogen ratio, and FGG haplotypes and the risk of ischemic stroke were determined in 124 cases and 125 age- and sex- matched population controls. Results The fibrinogen γ '/total fibrinogen ratio was increased in stroke patients in the acute phase compared with the control subjects. In contrast, in the convalescent phase 3 months after the stroke the ratio was lower than the ratio in the control subjects. FGG haplotype 3 (H3) was associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke (odds ratio (OR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38-0.95), but not with the fibrinogen γ '/total fibrinogen ratio. In contrast, FGG-H2 was associated with a decreased fibrinogen γ '/total fibrinogen ratio, but not with risk of stroke. Conclusions The results of our study show an association between fibrinogen γ '/total fibrinogen ratio and ischemic stroke, both in the acute and the convalescent phase of the disease. In addition, carriers of the FGG-H3 haplotype appear to be protected against ischemic stroke. stroke and not related to the patients. Ischemic stroke was defined as the acute onset of focal cerebral dysfunction, because of cerebral ischemia with symptoms lasting more than 24 hours. Patients with TIA (symptoms lasting less than 24 hours) were included if the neurological deficit in the acute phase was observed by a neurologist. All cases were confirmed by a computed tomography of the brain. From both patients and controls, we collected detailed information about cardiovascular risk factors. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. This study was approved by the local ethics committee and was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.


We empirically examine whether violation of hypergamy which occurs when the wife's economic status equals or exceeds that of her husband's causally a¤ects domestic violence using microdata from India. Identifying the causal e¤ect of hypergamy violation on domestic violence, however, is challenging due to unmeasured confounding and reverse causality. To overcome these di¢ culties, we utilize a nonparametric bounds approach. Relying on fairly weak assumptions, we …nd strong evidence that violation of hypergamy leads to a signi…cant increase in domestic violence. Further, we provide suggestive evidence that this result arises because violation of hypergamy is likely to undermine patriarchal beliefs and norms about gender roles, and also because it is likely to increase men's likelihood of using domestic violence as an instrument to sabotage their wives'labor market prospects. Our …ndings suggest that policies that seek to empower women and promote gender equality might paradoxically increase women's exposure to domestic violence. JEL: J12, J16, O12, O15 Keywords: Domestic Violence, Hypergamy, India, Partial Identi…cation, Women. The authors are very grateful to Daniel Millimet, Bilge Erten, participants at the Australian Gender Economics Workshop 2021, SERI Workshop 2021, 1st SMU Economics Alumni Conference and 6th South Asian Development Conference, and seminar-participants at the Institute of Development Studies Kolkata and Asian Development Research Institute for helpful comments and suggestions. All remaining errors are our own. yCorresponding Author. Industrial Economics Division, Nottingham University Business School, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Room C49, Business School Building (South), Wollaton Road, Nottingham NG8 1BB, United Kingdom. email: email@example.com.


A comparison of axisymmetric Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) Analysis Code (DAC) results to analytic and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solutions in the near continuum regime and to 3D DAC solutions in the rarefied regime for expansion plumes into a vacuum is performed to investigate the validity of the newest DAC axisymmetric implementation. This new implementation, based on the standard DSMC axisymmetric approach where the representative molecules are allowed to move in all three dimensions but are rotated back to the plane of symmetry by the end of the move step, has been fully integrated into the 3D-based DAC code and therefore retains all of DAC s features, such as being able to compute flow over complex geometries and to model chemistry. Axisymmetric DAC results for a spherically symmetric isentropic expansion are in very good agreement with a source flow analytic solution in the continuum regime and show departure from equilibrium downstream of the estimated breakdown location. Axisymmetric density contours also compare favorably against CFD results for the R1E thruster while temperature contours depart from equilibrium very rapidly away from the estimated breakdown surface. Finally, axisymmetric and 3D DAC results are in very good agreement over the entire plume region and, as expected, this new axisymmetric implementation shows a significant reduction in computer resources required to achieve accurate simulations for this problem over the 3D simulations.


In today's scientific knowledge there is an increase of the share of multidisciplinary research, the essence of which is the transfer of cognitive, methodological schemata from one science to another. So, following the natural and exact sciences, synergistic conceptions in social and humanitarian spheres are actively developing. A doctrine of fractals has played an important role in revealing synergetic manifestations of the processes of different nature. The basic concepts of fractal geometry is quite suitable to describe social phenomena. The authors in this paper attempt to disclose the essence of the state's image via fractal methodology, interpret it as a conceptual fractal. It has been revealed that the image of the state has a number of characteristics that distinguish it from other similar formations. These characteristics include: multi-dimensional and dynamic structures, nonlinear self-similarity, multi-threaded synergy, as well as a fundamental incompleteness. The materials of this article allow to elicit and explore the features of the structure, functioning and development of image of the state, as well as contribute to a different view of this social phenomenon as a special variation of complex self-organizing system process.


This paper deals with the analysis of ECG signals using zoom FFT. The Zoom FFT is interesting because it blends complex down conversion, lowpass filtering, and sample rate change through decimation in a spectrum analysis application. It is used when fine spectral resolution is needed within a small portion of a signal's overall frequency range. In the first step an attempt was made to generate ECG waveforms by developing a suitable MATLAB algorithm and in the second step, analysis of the ECG is generated using zoom FFT. Then QRS complexes were detected and each complex was used to find the peaks of the individual waves like P and T, and also their deviations. The results were compared with the existing FFT methods.


This paper describes an interactive modeling, simulation, animation, and real-time control (MoSART) environment which may be used for analyzing, designing, visualizing, and evaluating the performance of multivariable aircraft control systems. The described MoSART environment is based on Microsoft Windows NT/95/98, Visual C++, Microsoft Direct-3D, and MATLAB/SIMULINK. The environment accommodates data exchange with MATLAB. Simulation data generated from within SIMULINK may be used to drive the environment's plotting and animation engines. The program allows the user to select model parameters, control laws, control law gains, control law design parameters and methodologies, reference commands, disturbances, initial conditions, integration routines, integration routine parameters, and graphics to be displayed, The program also updates plots, visual indicators, and animations on the screen using the real-time data generated by the simulation module.


An optimal soft multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detector is proposed with linear complexity for a general spatial multiplexing system with two transmitting symbols and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {N_{R}\ge 2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> receiving antennas. The computational complexity of the proposed scheme is independent of the operating signal-to-noise ratio and grows linearly with the constellation order. It provides the soft maximum-likelihood solution using an efficient log-likelihood ratio calculation method, avoiding the exhaustive search on all the candidate nodes. Moreover, an efficient pipelined hardware implementation of the detection algorithm is proposed, which is fabricated and fully tested in a 130-nm CMOS technology. Operating at 1.2 V supply with 412-MHz clock, the chip achieves up to 5 Gb/s throughput with 192-mW power dissipation and an energy efficiency of 38 pJ/b, showing great potential to be used in next generation Gbps wireless systems. The proposed MIMO detector is perfectly suitable to be applied to the long-term evolution modem as well as Wi-Fi and WiGig devices with more than 1 RF chain. Synthesis results in a 90-nm CMOS technology demonstrate that the design can operate at a sustained throughput of 6.2 Gb/s and an energy efficiency of 28 pJ/b at 1.2 V supply. For applications demanding a lower throughput regime, the core can operate at 0.9 V supply consuming 42 mW providing a throughput of 1 Gb/s.<xref rid="fn1" ref-type="fn">1</xref><fn id="fn1">1
U.S. patent issued in 2009.
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FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: system comprises bulk modules arranged in plan as quadrangles. A quadrangle is symmetrical relative to a larger diagonal. Angles making tops, through which a larger diagonal stretches, are equal to accordingly 120° and 60°. Angles making tops, through which a smaller diagonal stretches, are equal to 90°. Modules are placed to form a square as a planning figure. The outer wall of the building is formed by walls of modules crossing at the right angles. Each module contacts in the inner space of the building with its walls with two adjacent modules. The long side of the module contacts with the short side of one adjacent module, and its short side contacts with the long side of the second adjacent module. Modules are installed to form an inner core, which is square in plan. The bulk module slab is supported with vertical supports. A grid, along which vertical supports are placed, is orthogonal within its sections separated with a long diagonal. Extreme rows of grids in these sections are parallel to module walls. EFFECT: invention provides for simplicity of use, wide spectrum of application and high mobility. 3 cl, 6 dwg


In 2011 and 2012, the UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center released three reports as part of a multi-year pilot study on hate speech on talk radio. Our goal was to explore the use of quantitative methodologies in order to examine hate speech that targets vulnerable groups—ethnic, racial, religious, and/or sexual minorities. The backdrop for this study is the 1993 National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Report to Congress, which addressed the role of telecommunications in the commission of hate crimes. The NTIA advises the president on telecommunications and information policy and manages the federal government's use of the radio frequency spectrum. Mindful of First Amendment protections as well as related federal legislation and policy, the 1993 NTIA report established a definition of hate speech drawn from the Hate Crimes Statistics Act (1990). Now, over two decades later, the NTIA report continues to provide a viable definition for hate speech, but it no longer reflects significant recent changes in federal policy, telecommunications platforms, and programming formats and content. Furthermore, the original study relied on data that were, by the NTIA's own account, ''scattered and largely anecdotal,'' and it therefore failed to provide a scientific basis for data assessment, let alone a methodology or baseline for future study. In developing this pilot study, we undertook three related studies using qualitative content analysis, social network analysis, and biological markers, respectively. The qualitative content analysis revealed a significant incidence of speech that incorporates targeted statements, unsubstantiated claims, divisive language, and indexical terms related to political nativism. Our analysis yielded no instances of the kind of hate speech that is defined in the 1993 NTIA report as calling for


We present the design, manufacturing methods, and characterization of 20 microwave feed horns currently in use on the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) satellite. The nature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy requires a detailed understanding of the properties of every optical component of a microwave telescope. In particular, the properties of the feeds must be known so that the forward gain and sidelobe response of the telescope can be modeled and so that potential systematic effects may be computed. MAP requires low emissivity, azimuthally symmetric, low-sidelobe feeds in five microwave bands (K, Ka, Q, V, and W) that fit within a constrained geometry. The beam pattern of each feed is modeled and compared with measurements; the agreement is generally excellent to the -60 dB level (80° from the beam peak). This agreement verifies the beam-predicting software and the manufacturing process. The feeds also affect the properties and modeling of the microwave receivers. To this end, we show that the reflection from the feeds is less than -25 dB over most of each band and that their emissivity is acceptable. The feeds meet their multiple requirements.


DisCoPar (Distributed Components for Participatory Campaigning) is a framework inspired by flow-based programming (FBP) that enables users to develop and deploy mobile apps for participatory sensing purposes. The high reconfigurability and reusability on different levels of the system ensures that DisCoPar can be used to design a large variety of mobile data gathering apps. In this paper, we focus on the mobile app designer of DisCoPar. Specifically, we discuss how FBP principles such as the component-based design enable flexible app-logic composition, and how the visual aspect of FBP provides an intuitive interface for end-users. We demonstrate these principles by presenting a fully functional participatory sensing app designed with DisCoPar.


Huston Smith's book, Why Religion Matters, offers an eloquent evocation of mystical sensibility. Unfortunately, along the way, he offers a strongly negative and often inaccurate account of the scientific worldview, the claim being that the science is laying siege to the spiritual.


By far the most organic compound on the earth is the carbohydrate cellulose. The name carbohydrate was assigned to various sugars because it was thought that . they followed the general formula Cn(H2O)n (1). However, when more structural determinations were made of the other various group members, the initial hypothesis regarding formulation was dropped, yet the name for the group has remained. The basic subunits of carbohydrates are simple sugars. The most important simple sugar is glucose and it makes up a large component of the other types of carbohydrates. The other more complex carbohydrates can be classified as mono-, di-, tri-, oligo-, and polysaccharides depending upon the number of simple sugars that they contain within a polymer chain. By convention, the simple sugars are called monosaccharides, those carbohydrates continuing just two simple sugars are called disaccharides, and all those carbohydrates which have in excess of two subunits of simple sugars in their polymer chains are referred to as polysaccharides. While there is a great variety of carbohydrates, the number that is encountered at significant levels in the common feedst uffs and feeds of dogs is usually quite small. The carbohydrates commonly found in dog foods are: lactose, sucrose, starch, cellulose, hemicellulose.


A method has been developed to calibrate for the measurement of inhaled radioactive material using a point source. The method involves a lung model which describes the lung and chest of an exposed person by a set of parameters. This lung model is used to adjust the calibration to include considerations of body stature and chest thickness. The development of the method is presented, and advantages and limitations of the method are discussed.


Aseries of new derivatives 1-11 of cinnamic acid have been synthesized by a facile procedure for esterification based on using of DCC as a coupling agent, DMAP and solvent system methylene chloride. The structures of all the newly synthesized derivatives 1-11 of cinnamic acid were assigned as 3- methyl-2-butenyl (E)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (1), (2E)-3,7- dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl (E)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (2), (2Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl (E)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (3), (2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl (E)-3-(3,4,5- trihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (4), (2E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl (E)-3- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (5), (2Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6- octadienyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (6), (2E,6E)- 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2- propenoate (7), 3-methyl-2-butenyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)- 2-propenoate (8), (2E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5- dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (9), (2Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl (E)-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate (10) and (2E,6E)-3,7,11- trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2- propenoate (11) by extensive NMR studies.


AIMS
Dysfunctional innate immune function and inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity-associated hypertension, in which macrophage infiltration in the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) plays a key role. However, the mechanisms behind it are not well understood. Class A1 scavenger receptor (SR-A1) is one of the major pattern recognition receptors in modulating macrophage activity, and here we aimed to investigate its role in obesity-associated hypertension.

METHODS AND RESULTS
Both diet-induced and genetic obesity were generated in mice. Deficiency in SR-A1 aggravated the obesity-induced blood pressure (BP) elevation and endothelial dysfunction in mice. The BP-elevating effect of SR-A1 deficiency was blocked by the down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) in obese mice. Overexpression of VEGF-B raised BP in the obese mice but not in normal mice. Administration of fucoidan, a ligand of SR-A1, lowered BP and VEGF-B levels in Sr-a1+/+ but not in Sr-a1-/- obese mice.

CONCLUSION
These results reveal a new link between PVAT and vascular biology in obesity orchestrated by the SR-A1/VEGF-B axis in macrophages. SR-A1 and VEGF-B may be promising therapeutic targets in the treatment of obesity-associated hypertension.

TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
An accumulating body of evidence indicates that obesity is a major cause of hypertension. Pro-inflammatory macrophages play key roles in obesity-associated vascular dysfunction. In two mouse models of obesity, we describe a novel SR-A1-dependent mechanism regulating the progression of obesity-associated hypertension. This study reveals that activation of the macrophage SR-A1 pathway by chemicals such as fucoidan and inhibition of VEGF-B production in PVAT may be beneficial to the treatment of obesity-associated hypertension.


The effect of specular electron scattering on the natural oxidation of a free layer in NiO spin valves has been investigated. The magnetoresistance ratio and the exchange biasing field (Hex) of NiO(600 A)/Ni81Fe19(50 A)/Co(7 A)/Cu(20 A)/Ni81Fe19(70 A) spin valves were increased from 4.9% to 7.3%, and 110 to 170 Oe after the natural oxidation in the atmosphere for 80 days, respectively. The sheet resistance ρ decreased from 28 to 17 μΩ m, but Δρ did almost not change after the oxidation. The spin valves enhanced by the specular electron scattering in the naturally oxidized Co/NiFe/NiFeOx free layer were confirmed from the depth profiles using Auger electron spectroscopy.


With the rapidly changing society, China has made great and histori cal progress through 20 years of opening up to the world. Introspecting all kind s of changes and affections caused by modern human society had been becoming com mon theme among human and social science in contemporary society.Science and technology, with material force and spiritual force, promotes materi al life and changes people's values as well: the first, objective spirit of prob ing truth brings the revolution of judgement criteria; the second, co operative spirit of efficiency, unity brings the revolution of economy development; the t hird, democratic spirit of seeking justness, magnanimity brings the revolution o f social life and social structure; and finally, scientific spirit itself brings the people's courage of criticizing the view of "science and technology is eve rything". We should try our best to develop pure science and high technology, to build up new civilization in order for much better future.


received intravenous oral oraerosolized antibiotics for tracheobronchitis. A threefold drop involumeof secretions was measured (p<0.018). Thetotal cell countandpercent neutrophils decreased from 76.4xl06/g ofsputum to54.9xl06 and72.2 to54.9%, respectively. While these changes were notstatistically significant, theabsolute numberofairway neutrophils over the6hdecreased sevenfold (p<0.014). Similarly sICAM-1burden(micrograms per6-hperiod) also decreased significantly (p<0.034). Thesepatients pro¬ vide aunique humanmodelforfuture studies specif¬ ically designed toassesstheeffect ofnovel modalities ofanti-inflammator y andantimicrobial agents on res¬


Here, a single switch and single stage boost-Luo (S4 BL) PFC (Power Factor Correction) converter is used with a DC link voltage of 48V to drive the sensorless brushless direct current (BLDC) motor ceiling fan. The main aim of this paper is to produce the retrofit solution for a ceiling fan without sensor with improved efficiency and power quality. This paper presents a new PFC converter for the sensorless BLDC motor ceiling fan with consideration of lower drain to source voltage across the switch. This PFC converter is designed in discontinuous inductor current mode (DCIM). The ceiling fan topology consists of a S4 BL PFC converter followed by a voltage source inverter (VSI) fed permanent magnet brushless direct current (PMBLDC) motor. To avoid the DC link voltage sensing, an auxiliary winding voltage is used to take care of an input voltage variation and it is also used to control the speed of the BLDC motor ceiling fan. The fundamental switching frequency is used to switch the VSI, to reduce the switching losses in it. Performance of a ceiling fan system is simulated in MATLAB to validate the design.


In this paper, new formulation of the reactive power equipment operation and planning problem in the power system has been proposed for providing maximum active power supply margin (transmission margin) as viewed from static voltage stability, while satisfying various system operation constraints. While clarifying the fact that the problem related to reactive power operating and planning problems are rooted in the load flow optimization, a new optimal power flow problem for solving such problems has been introduced. Also, an algorithm based on the successive quadratic programming method has been developed. Furthermore, taking the optimal allocation problem relative to reactive power equipment as an example, its effectiveness in the 5-bus and 11-bus systems has been confirmed.


In this study, hierarchical TiO2 with macro- and mesostructure is prepared and applied in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSCs). To achieve the hierarchical structure, hard and soft templating is combined. Polystyrene spheres serve as the hard template for μm-scale macropores, and triblock copolymers act as the soft template of nm-scale mesopores. The prepared hierarchical TiO2 is analyzed by TEM, XRD and N2 sorption, and results indicate that meso/macroporous structure is successfully obtained. Mesoporous structure provides a larger surface area for dye adsorption, and macroporous structure induces a faster electron transportation property. Combining the advantages of mesopores and macropores, the prepared hierarchical TiO2 DSSCs show a higher photon to electron efficiency in comparison to individual mesoporous and macroporous samples.


The research beneficiated the concrete waste from two different sites to get the recycled concrete aggregates by the microwave-assisted mechanical beneficiation technology. Then, the author systematically studied the physical properties of recycled coarse aggregates and natural coarse aggregates from both macro and micro perspectives .The results show that: (1) in this experiment, the irradiation time per unit mass is about 5min/kg ~ 10min/kg, and the beneficiation rate is in 30% ~ 70%; (2) macroscopic physical experiments show that the recycled coarse aggregates obtained by the microwave-assisted mechanical beneficiation technology is basically the same with natural coarse aggregates in terms of water absorption, apparent density and mass loss., and its physical properties are the most optimal compared with other techniques. (3) from the microscopic point, the scanning electron microscope test shows that the mechanical process poses more damage to the recycled coarse aggregates than the microwave-assisted mechanical beneficiation technology through which the recycled coarse aggregates appears only several micro cracks in the cases after being magnified 5000 times, which is much equal to the natural coarse aggregates. In conclusion, this research validated the high quality of recycled coarse aggregates in the microwave-assisted mechanical beneficiation technology. Keywords-recycled concrete aggregates; high quality; physical properties; scanning electron microscope


Overuse of the smartphone causes negative consequences on the health and behavior of younger people. It is necessary to know which factors can determine the problematic use of the smartphone. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between problematic smartphone use, attachment styles, and perceived family functioning in young adults. Three hundred and thirteen Spanish young adults took part in the study (255 women, 58 men) and completed the following instruments: the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES IV). The results of the path analyses show that the cohesion and enmeshed functioning variables were the best predictors of problematic smartphone use. The preoccupied attachment scale was the only one whose score also showed indirect effects on problematic smartphone use through the variable of enmeshed family functioning.


The temperature dependence of ${}^{35}\mathrm{Cl}$ nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectra and the respective spin-lattice relaxation times have been measured between room temperature and 120 K on high quality single crystals of bis(4-chlorophenyl)sulfone $[{(\mathrm{C}}_{6}{\mathrm{H}}_{4}{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l})}_{2}{\mathrm{SO}}_{2}].$ Spectra with the typical incommensurate edge singularities were found at temperatures below the transition temperature ${T}_{i}$ into the incommensurate (IC) phase. This holds in particular for temperatures very close to ${T}_{i}.$ The exponent describing the temperature dependence of the distance between the edge singularities of the incommensurate spectrum is near ${T}_{i}$ about $0.35\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ which is identified with the critical exponent \ensuremath{\beta} of the order parameter. Above ${T}_{i}$ a considerable critical contribution to the spin-lattice relaxation rate ${1/T}_{1}$ is detected which can be described by some critical exponent \ensuremath{\zeta} of about $0.69\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02.$ The data are interpreted in terms of the three-dimensional (3D) XY model. In the IC phase ${T}_{1}$ stays low indicating a considerable influence of the phason excitations on every part of the IC spectrum. Contrary to the behavior of other systems the minimum of ${T}_{1}$ does not occur at ${T}_{i}.$ Rather, it is shifted some degrees from ${T}_{i}$ to lower temperatures. ${2\mathrm{D}\mathrm{}}^{35}\mathrm{Cl}\mathrm{}\mathrm{NQR}$ exchange spectra show no indication for large scale fluctuations of the modulation wave above about 500 Hz.


Nurse managers are encouraging staff to do their jobs differently, develop new skills and expand their roles to facilitate change. It is important that nurses in management not only understand how the Agenda for Change (AfC) pay modernisation supports new roles and staff development, but also to make the link with improving care and see the difference nurses can make when they take the lead. Nurses have the skills to know what patients need and to lead the changes that help to meet these needs.


From the point of view of German law, the enlargement of the container terminal operated by DUSS/PKV in Duisburg, by adding three transhipment tracks and a gantry crane for containers, constituted the creation of a new railway falling within the sphere of federal competence. Article 7(f)(1) of the German general law governing railways ("AEG") and the corresponding administrative ordinance ("BAU Pilot") both lay down extensive duties for the railway to provide documentation and for the Federal Railway Authority (EBA, Eisenbahn-Bundesamt) to perform thorough inspections. These duties concern various components of the new installation, such as the track, the electrical equipment, the mode of operation and, of course, the transhipment crane.


In order to research the loss and heat of damper bars on the asymmetric load condtions, a multi-slice moving electromagnetic field-circuit coupling FE model of tubular hydro-generator and a 3D temperature field FE model of the rotor are built respectively. And the loss and heat of damper bars at the asymmetric load condtions are computed and analyzed by these modles. The research is helpful for improving design standard of the large hydro-generator.


Getting reliable production forecasts is a key aspect of any geothermal project. A preliminary and mandatory (but not sufficient) step is to history match the associated geothermal numerical model(s) to existing observations and data. Our application cases are low enthalpy projects, located in the Paris Basin and exploiting the Dogger formation. Typical development plan consists of a doublet (a pair of one injector well and one producer wells) whose long-term sustainable flow rates and thermal breakthrough timing should be thoroughly assessed. The Dogger aquifer has been extensively developed in the 7080's, leading to more than 40 geothermal doublets still in operation and most of the time densely implemented close to each other. This proximity of injectors and producers might lead to unexpected pressure and thermal interferences, potentially jeopardizing the long-term sustainability of the existing system or any new nearby development. The reservoir characterization of the Dogger fractured limestone should include all available static and dynamic observations, from well logs to wells test and production data. An interference test between five doublets in a prospect zone to the South-East of Paris is used to better characterize and assess the hydraulic connectivity in this area. The static and dynamic models are built through an integrated and flexible workflow linking a geomodelling software (PETREL software) together with a thermal reservoir simulator (AD-GPRS software). Two alternative history matching approaches are applied and compared. Both of them capitalize on an extensive use of advanced Design of Experiments techniques for uncertainty space sampling, reliable proxy-models computation, global sensitivity analysis and optimization techniques. The first approach is based on the Bayesian framework for which a proxy-model of the likelihood function is computed through an iterative process. The a posteriori distributions of the uncertain parameters might then be derived from the a priori ones through the Bayes theorem. The former distributions define the history matched samples. The second approach is based on multi-objective functions optimization, typically ending with a Pareto front in a two functions application case. Both approaches are cutting-edge history matching techniques, with comparable numerical costs and allow a better reservoir characterization of the study area. Also, both of them do have specific advantages – like leaving to the decision maker the compromise to make on alternative competing history matching criteria which would be described and discussed in detail.


CERTAIN substituted amides of saturated fatty acids are potent inhibitors of the enzyme acyl-CoA: CHOLESTEROL ANTITRANSFERASA and used as agents to inhibit CHOLESTEROL INTESTINAL ABSORPTION.


apply modern portfolio theory to illustrate how income from non-endowment sources (e.g, from tuition, grants, and gifts) should affect a college or university's portfolio allocation decision for its endowment. We show that the presence of non-endowment cash flows tends to have one or both of two effects on endowment portfolio allocation decisions: 1. Non-endowment cash flows can provide significant diversification of risk from the endowment. Thus, a college or university that relies heavily on non-endowment sources of income can afford to adopt a more aggressive endowment asset allocation. 2. When the co-movements between non-endowment cash flows and asset returns are substantial, accounting for non-endowment cash flows can substantially alter the asset allocations that are "efficient" in terms of the total wealth of the institution. In most cases, however, excess variance losses from ignoring nonendowment cash flows are relatively small.


- The invention relates to an improved modular electric battery incorporating the functions of temperature control and mechanical protection. The battery comprising: ○ a set of rechargeable cells (100) electrically connected to each other, arranged to form at least one tray (101) comprising at least a first face (101a) having electrical connection means (110) between cells, ○ a protection and thermal control device comprising at least one gasket material that is both electrically insulating and thermally conductive (120) interposed between the electrical connection means (110) of the first face and a heat collector comprising at least one material to changing pre-conditioning phase (130) in contact with the seal, ○ a housing (140) containing at least the set of cells.


Two coumarin-enamine chemodosimeters have been synthesized in three steps. They have been shown to selectively detect the cyanide ion with a fluorescent response (t1/2 = 20 s) and a limit of detection approximately 4.2 ppb in DMSO. The X-ray crystal structure of the thermodynamically stable E-(keto) enamine isomer of one compound was obtained and exhibited offset π-stacking.


The invention relates to a method for conducting magnetic resonance advanced detection through rotation of a loop antenna. According to the method for conducting magnetic resonance advanced detection through rotation of the loop antenna, the loop antenna is fixed to a rotary support, measurement based on vertical rotation and measurement based on horizontal rotation are adopted, in a tunnel or a mine, a water-contained body in front of a tunnel face, a water-contained body of a roof, a water-contained body of a base plate, a water-contained body of the left side wall and a water-contained body of the right side wall are detected, hydrological parameter inversion is conducted on an obtained magnetic resonance signal, and thus a two-dimensional water content sector diagram is obtained. According to the method for conducting magnetic resonance advanced detection through rotation of the loop antenna, a one-dimensional magnetic resonance detection method is expanded into a two-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging method; compared with one-dimensional detection according to which only whether a water-contained body exists right in front can be judged, the method has the advantages that the rotary loop antenna is used for multi-angle detection and two-dimensional imaging, and the specific positions, the scales and the water contents of the water-contained bodies can be accurately judged; in addition, the problem that the space which the water-contained body is from can not be determined due to totals-space radiation of the antenna is effectively solved. By the adoption of the method, magnetic resonance detection precision is improved, the spatial distribution of the water-contained bodies nearby the tunnel face can be reflected more accurately, and life and property losses caused by the geological disasters such as water inrush and water burst during tunnel or mine construction are reduced.


John Albert Barnstead was born in Schenectady, New York -- where, according to the Hugo award-winning author Harlan Ellison, all good science fiction ideas originate. He was first referenced in a footnote to chapter three of Gray Lensman, by Edward Elmer Smith, Ph.D. (1890-1965) in 1939, thirteen years before his birth. Researchers are warned to ignore any documentation that might suggest that he was, in fact, born in 1869 in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and additionally are strongly cautioned against drawing thereupon the erroneous conclusion that he is, therefore, a clandestine member of the Howard Families. Speculations concerning his future activities aboard a multi-generational starship should also be firmly reined in by responsibly-minded scholars. The fortunate recipient of a traditional education at Lyndon School, Saint Matthews Elementary, and Mayme S. Waggener Junior High School in Louisville, Kentucky, he subsequently attended Staunton and Brazil High School in Indiana, received a B.A. from Oakland University (Rochester, Michigan) and an A. M. from Harvard. A prolific translator, his research interests have included Ukrainian syntax and Russian poetry, with time-to-time forays into other subjects.


This research aimed to determine the effect of giving gamal leaf mulch on nitrogen uptake of maize (Zea mays L). The purpose of this research is to provide information to farmers to develop and improve the yield of corn plants through the use of organic mulch leaves. This study used a randomized block design (RBD), which consisted of 3 treatments repeated 3 times so that 9 experimental units were obtained. Each treatment was: without mulch (control plot) (M0), plastic mulch (M1), gamal biomass mulch (M2). The results obtained in this study indicate that the treatment of gamal leaf organic mulch (M2) showed the best results based on the observation of weight production of 100 plants with production reaching 8.87 kg, on observing the weight of 100 seeds which weighed 26.22 g for 100 seeds, and weight seeds/production plots reach 177.33 kg/plot and reach 4.43 tons/ha if converted to ha.


The physical self-concept is a very important factor for the personal well-being and the prevention of behavioural disorders. That's the reason why the educational efforts are so important for developing good self-physical perceptions. This article compares two different ways of implementing a new intervention educational program (paper and on line) for university students. The measures of the physical self-concept don't confirm the benefits of the program, probably because of some limitations during the implementation. But the evaluation and satisfaction of the users is quite satisfactory, particularly that of those who completed the on line version.


Waste prevention encompasses all the measures taken before a substance, material or product has become waste, that reduce the quantity of waste, the adverse impacts of the generated waste on environmental and human health or the content of harmful substances. In Greece, the co-funded by the LIFE financial tool "WASP Tool" project is currently under development. The WASP Tool has been designed in order to investigate, demonstrate and optimise the waste prevention potential at the Local Authorities level in the different geographic and waste policy context of Greece and Cyprus.


I apply the well controlled Hydro-PM approximation of Gnedin & Hui to study the consistency between the column density distribution of the Lyman-alpha forest and the mean opacity of the IGM for 25 different flat cosmological scenarios, including variants of the standard CDM, tilted CDM, CDM with a cosmological constant, and CHDM models. I show that observational data of Press, Rybicki, and Schneider are not compatible with the hypothesis that the Lyman-alpha forest arises from fluctuations in the low density IGM, whereas the data of Zuo and Lu and Lu et al. are in a full agreement with the level of the ionizing intensity required to reproduce the observed column density distribution of the Lyman-alpha forest. Thus, either the data of Press, Rybicki, and Schneider are contaminated, or the hypothesis that the Lyman-alpha forest arises from density fluctuations in the IGM is invalid.


This paper proposes a multi-sector matching model where workers have (symmetric) sector-specific skills and the search market is segmented by sector. Workers choose the range of markets they are willing to participate in. I identify a composition externality: workers do not take into account the impact of their choice on sector-specific mean productivity among the pools of job-seekers. Consequently, workers prospect too many market segments, and there is room for public policy even when the so-called Hosios condition holds.


In this study, we used cross-sectional and longitudinal data to examine the personal, situational, and contextual correlates of coping in a sample of 315 adolescents. Participants completed questionnaires at two points in time (1 year apart) that assessed approach and avoidance coping in response to the mast important focal stressor experienced in the previous year. We also assessed temperament, perceived characteristics of the focal stressor, chronic stressors, ongoing resources, and negative life events. The extent to which particular coping responses were used depended on age and sex, temperament, characteristics of the problem being managed, and conditions of adolescents' social ecology. Moreover, approach- and avoidance-coping efforts were associated with different sets of personal, situational, and contextual factors. Youth who used more approach-coping responses were older, were more active, appraised the focal stressor as controllable and as a challenge, and had more ongoing social resources. Yout...


Electroacoustics has recently been used to measure electrokinetic properties of colloidal systems. When an alternating electric field is applied to a colloidal suspension, charged particles in the liquid will move electrophoretically and create an alternating pressure wave. The electrokinetic sonic amplitude (ESA), which is the pressure amplitude per unit electric field, is related to the electrophoretic mobility and [zeta] potential. For a solid suspension in an electrolyte solution, the measured ESA signal is a combination of two signals: one for the solid and the other for the background electrolyte. Under certain operating conditions, the contribution from the background electrolyte signal is not negligible and must be subtracted from the measured value to arrive at the particle ESA value. Background electrolyte corrections were performed on a Geltech silica and a US Silica no. 40 quartz at two ionic strengths (0.01 and 0.1 M NaCl) covering the pH range 2-8. These corrections are important at high ionic strengths because the ESA signal for the solid decreases and the background signal increases with increasing ionic strength. 12 refs., 11 figs.


The purpose of this study was to investigate Yarmouk University students' employability skills as they are perceived. The study also examined if there were any differences in perceptions on employability skills among students on assigned variables (gender, high school discipline, level of study, type of college, and major willingness). Data for this study were collected via validated and reliability tested questionnaire. The survey includes 10 employability skills domains combined forty-item. A total of 317 students from 15 colleges at Yarmouk University participated in the study. The sample in this study was 176 students who were enrolled in life skills courses that are offered by the university in the second semester 2013. Analysis of Variances (ANOVA) was used, and the results showed that there were significant differences among participants on three domains: coping with stress, empathy, and interpersonal relationship for the advantage of students from scientific colleges. Finally, the study recommended embedding employability skills in the curricula to enhance academic standards and supply the demand of the labor market.


In order to accomplish the expectant function of the mechanism, the creative design of executive mechanism in automatic handy needle packing machine is completed by applying the principle of mechanism combination in series. According to the requirement of the executive mechanism, creative design schemes of mechanism are analyzed and evaluated, the best design scheme is chosen from the nine results, the main size and the sketch of the mechanism are given.


ABSTRACTAs ethanol is known to enter the ocular humours from the blood, the corneal endothelium, which lies in close contact with the aqueous humour, is thus liable to be exposed to ethanol following its consumption. Forensic reports show that many victims of traffic accidents and suicide have various amounts of alcohol in their blood.Many eyes from coroner's cases are donated for keratoplasty. We were therefore interested to know for how long and at what concentrations alcohol can remain in the cornea and ocular humours of the eyes from intoxicated donors after their storage by the regular eye bank procedures.Following an intravenous injection of ethanol in rabbits, their eyes were enucleated and stored in the moist chamber at 4°C. At various times, the cornea and the aqueous and vitreous humours were assayed by gas chromatography (head space analysis). Tissues and fluids of eye bank stored eyes of two known cases of alcohol overdose were also assayed.The rabbit data showed that alcohol concentrations in...


Background. Studies have consistently found evidence of an association between unemployment and all-cause mortality. The association appears to follow a gradient, with more or longer unemployment spells associated with higher mortality rates than fewer or shorter (or no) unemployment spells. The association persists after simultaneously adjusting for potential confounders measured at baseline. Studies have found that the local unemployment rate modifies the relationship, with two of four studies finding that the mortality rate for the unemployed group was higher in areas or periods with low unemployment rates. Methods. I examined the relationship between unemployment and mortality in 2868 male household heads followed for up to 25 years and 2676 male household heads followed for up to 16 years as part of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. I used annual measures of unemployment as time-varying variables in Cox regression analyses and controlled for annual measures of potential confounders. I looked for an overall association, for a gradient in the association, and for variation in the association according to the local unemployment rate and the time period. Results. Men who were unemployed one or more times on the days of the annual survey had a higher hazard of death while in the labour force than men who were working on the days of the survey (hazard ratio 3.23 [1.61-6.48]) and had a higher hazard of death while in the labour force or retirement than men who were working or retired (hazard ratio 3.47 [1.41-8.56]). Men who experienced longer unemployment spells died earlier while in the labour force or retirement than those who experienced shorter (or no) unemployment spells (hazard ratio 1.03 [1.00-1.05] for a one week change in the duration of unemployment). No clear relationship emerged between the number of unemployment spells and mortality. Men who were unemployed on the day of the survey and lived in an area with a low local unemployment rate tended to die earlier while in the labour force than men who were working on the day of the survey or who lived in an area with a high unemployment rate or both (hazard ratio 3.50 [0.78-15.67]). Discussion. Unemployment spells and their duration increase the hazard of dying. These associations persisted after adjusting for annual measures of potential confounders. The study provides suggestive support for targeting assistance at unemployed men in areas with low unemployment rates. Future research should explore the behavioural and biological mechanisms through which unemployment could affect mortality and examine possible ameliorating factors.


When physicists in Italy claimed to have seen hints of faster-than-light neutrinos, it initiated a media frenzy as well as criticism of publicity-seeking.


An apparatus comprising: a cabinet (12), a storage area of items (215, 219) located in the interior volume of the enclosure, a suction hose (220) formed by a continuous material having one end (221) to extracting articles (223) from said storage area and another end connected to a suction source (226), a positioning mechanism (218, 228, 230, 234, 236) coupled to said suction hose between said one end and said other end, for positioning controllably said one end (221) so that it is aligned with a longitudinal axis along which a given article is stored in said storage area, and drive means hose (506, 508) for driving controllably said hose in a direction aligned with said longitudinal axis, so that said one end can extract an article from said storage area; characterized in that: said drive means hose (506, 508) are collocated with said positioning mechanism hose (218, 228, 230, 234, 236), said positioning mechanism hose (218, 228, 230, 234 , 236) and said drive means hose (506, 508) imposed both storage requirements on said suction hose (220) as a result of said controllable positioning and said controllable driving of said hose, and an area available (222 ) hose storage in said apparatus to meet the requirements hose storage media imposed hose drive, which said storage area hose is also used to meet these requirements hose storage imposed by the mechanism hose positioning.


Using fuzzy mathematics comprehensive judgement method,1000-grain weight, grains per spike,grain plumpness and stem length being assessment element,ten hybrid combi- nations F_2,selected from dry land nursery of hybrid,were comprehensive assessed.The result showed that,the comprehensive index of all combinations is higher than the contrast;the numbers of the best,normal and relatively poor combinations are three,three and one,separately.Using this method can evaluate quantitatively F_2 excellent or not,different individual rate in colony and choice potential of every combination.And this can offer information to evaluating superior line group in F_3.


Estimating animal populations is essential for conservation. Censusing large congregations is especially important since these are priorities for protection, but efficiently counting hundreds of thousands of moving animals remains a challenge. We developed a deep learning-based system using consumer cameras that not only counts but also records behavioral information for large numbers of flying animals in a range of lighting conditions including near darkness. We built a robust training set without human labeling by leveraging data augmentation and background subtraction. We demonstrate this approach by estimating the size of a straw-colored fruit bat ( Eidolon helvum ) colony in Kasanka National Park, Zambia with cameras encircling the colony to record evening emergence


One of the most important musical instruments developed in the 20th century is the Caribbean steelpan. In addition to being the foremost musical instrument in its home country of Trinidad and Tobago, the steelpan is becoming increasingly popular in North America and Europe. Scientific studies on the instrument have not kept pace with its growing popularity, however. This paper reviews some of the scientific studies that have been made on steelpans in our laboratory and elsewhere. One of the most important steps in understanding the steelpan is to understand how it vibrates and produces sound. We report measurements of modal shapes in different steelpans by prominent makers and attempt to interpret these results in terms of the geometry and fabrication history of these pans. We also discuss the physics of the material, including the residual stresses, the surface hardness, and the effect of heating.


This paper compares the performance of adaptive control using the Split, Cycle and Offset Optimization Technique (SCOOT) relative to a fixed-time plan based control. A four-intersection test corridor is modeled using the Corridor Simulation (CORSIM) program. Five sets of traffic flows were generated testing the corridor at increasing volumes from a volume to capacity (v/c) ratios of 0.7 through 1.1. The corridor was evaluated with pre-timed, actuated-coordinated actuated-uncoordinated, and fully actuated strategies to determine the most optimal one. This was used in comparing SCOOT performance relative to the optimal signal timing. The corridor is controlled by SCOOT through the SCOOT-CORSIM Interface which allows an actual SCOOT system to get detector information from CORSIM and provide signal timing to CORSIM. Results of the test corridor show that SCOOT reduces delay by 8% at the 0.7 v/c, which increases to 13% at a v/c of 0.9. Minimal improvements are observed as the corridor approaches saturation. This indicates that substantial savings are available with SCOOT during under-saturated flow conditions and SCOOT helps postpone the onset of congestion, but SCOOT operates much like a fixed time system once flows reaches saturation. Two real-world corridors were tested with SCOOT reducing overall corridor delays by 14% and 11%. Further, this paper shows the importance of validating the SCOOT system properly. The simple activation of SCOOT, without any validation, provides a 219% increase in corridor delays over the fixed time plan. After validation, the results show a delay reduction of 8% over fixed time control. The validation findings dispel the idea that adaptive control systems are "plug and play"


Native American people have been experienced in confronting the white people. One of their experiences in confronting the white people is written in the Louise Erdrich's literary works, an Ojibwa author. Native American authors have different point of view in telling about Native Americans because they and their ancestors have bitter experiences in dealing with the white people, especially the Ojibwa tribe's experiences living in the America where other Native American tribes cannot survive their tribes. This research focuses on the struggles of the Ojibwa people in getting their territory and the reasons why the Ojibwa people try so hard in keeping their territory. This research uses historical approach in its analysis. The method used is qualitative method related to literature study by using the five books of The Birchbark House book series as the primary data of this research. There are several conclusions based on the analysis of the data. The Ojibwa people are able to maintain their tribal presence in America against the white people. They can defend their tribe by using their intelligence, courage, and self-confidence. As for the reasons they prefer to choose their own way in getting territory because of several factors such as beliefs, relatives, and natural conditions of the land. Keywords: Historical Approach, Indian Territory, Native American, Ojibwa.


During the last years, the implementation of information technologies (IT) has been a very influential fac- tor in the companies evolution, modifying the development of their traditional management. Because of this reason, knowing the characteristics that favor their diffusion supposes a subject of great interest. The current work analyzes the influence of the technological compatibility on online commercial programs, studying the business-to-business commerce (B2B) and the new online management programs. This way, the technological compatibility concept gat- hers the importance of using previous computer applications, such as Internet and EDI, which generate favorable perceptions towards the development of the information technologies and business-to-business commerce.


The following observations are based on the study of fifty-two intoxications by mercuric chloride and eighty-four intoxications by uranium nitrate. Dogs were employed for the experiments. In the animals intoxicated by mercuric chloride, the poison was administered by stomach tube in the dose of 15 mgs. per kilogram. In the uranium intoxications, the poison was given subcutaneously in doses varying from 4 to 6.4 mgs. per kilogram. The experiments were terminated at different periods during the intoxication without employing an anesthetic. Such a termination has eliminated the acute degenerative changes in the liver which may develop very rapidly from the use of such an agent. The changes in the liver in both types of intoxications have shown great variation in their severity and the rapidity with which they occur.


This purpose of this research was to find out what attributes customers think are most important in selecting family restaurants and also to carry out...