Alaryngeal speech enhancement and restoration systems are proposed to improve the intelligibility and quality of speech signal produced by either an electronic larynx or by using esophageal methods. The enhancement system reduces the background noise produced by the electronic larynx, while the restoration systems identify the voiced segments of alaryngeal speech signal, by using pattern recognition methods, and replaces these by their equivalent voiced segments of normal speech. Evaluation results show that proposed systems provides a fairly good improvement of the quality and intelligibility of ALT generated speech.


in the previous 24 hours. Levels as high as 10· units per mg of protein were detected in some birds, corresponding to approximately 5 x 10' units per bottle top. The use of tame birds for the large-scale production of CSF should now be seriously considered in conjunction with their use as bottle-top bto-disposal units. Further examination of captured brolgas was made exceedingly difficult owing to the inebriated condition of the investigators who, in their eagerness to lay hands on a brolga, could not avoid colliding with their colleagues. We therefore caution the more serious workers in this area of the inadvisability of preparing a snare, such as the one described above, from full bottles of beer.


The theoretical calculation of hydrodynamic characteristics of a marine propeller has been remarkably developed by the aid of high speed computers with large memory capacity. It is already useful for practical applications to the design problems on the steady characteristics. But the unsteady characteristics have not necessarily been solved enough. The authors have analyzed some fundamental unsteady problems on the fluctuating thrust and torque of a propeller in the typical harmonic wakes, the pattern modes of which are given by the function cos nθ, where n one to eight, employing the mathematical model of the harmonic-oscillating vortex lattices lifting-surface. The numerical results of this calculation present some interesting facts, such as existence of amplification effect of thrust and torque fluctuations in the certain modes of wake pattern cos 2θ, cos 3θ and cos 4θ, and their progressive phase due to striking influence of the time derivative term of circulations of vortices. On the contrary, the outflow of shed vortices from the trailing edge has effect to reduce the amplitude and to give a lag of the phase. It is pointed out that the non-linear effect of a non-uniform wake field brings about the higher efficiency of propeller than in open water and another fluctuations of thrust and torque of double blade frequency.The results are compared with other theoretical calculations of Koyama's method and a quasi-steady way.The performance tests of three model peopellers of 3, 4, and 5 blades were carried out behind the mesh-screens to generate harmonic wakes. The data of experiments were analyzed to be compared with calculations. The agreement of them is to be satisfied when errors in experiments and analyses are considered.


Objective: to assessment the nutrition condition and alimentary behavior in adolescents. Methods: a sample of 616 adolescents of high school system financed ...


Swimming pool is a dynamic scene with great changes. It is affected by bubbles, light intensity, wave and other factors. In view of the features of the swimming pool, the underwater target tracking algorithm based on the combination of Mean Shift and Particle Filter is proposed in this paper. At first, according to the kernel function and target model in Mean Shift, the underwater moving target model is build based on RGB histogram. Then particle filter algorithm is used to track moving target. In the process of tracking, the distributions of the particles get closer to the true state of target by using the convergence of Mean Shift on particles. The simulation results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper achieves real-time and stable moving target tracking in the complex surroundings of swimming pool.


The elements of a finite partial order P can be identified with the maximal indecomposable two-sided ideals of its incidence algebra , and then for two such ideals, I ≺ J ⇔ IJ ≠ 0. This offers one way to recover a poset from its incidence algebra. In the course of proving the above, we classify all of the two-sided ideals of .


We construct a dynamic model of election campaigns. In the model, opportunities for candidates to refine/clarify their policy positions are limited and arrive stochastically along the course of the campaign until the predetermined election date. We show that this simple friction leads to rich and subtle campaign dynamics. We first demonstrate these effects in a series of canonical static models of elections that we extend to dynamic settings, including models with valence and a multi-dimensional policy space. We then present general principles that underlie the results from those models. In particular, we establish that candidates spend a long time using ambiguous language during the election campaign in equilibrium. ∗Kamada: Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. Sugaya: Stanford Graduate School of Business, Stanford, CA, 94305, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; We thank Ernesto Dal Bo, Itay Fainmesser, Drew Fudenberg, Michihiro Kandori, Akitada Kasahara, Kei Kawai, Fuhito Kojima, David Laibson, John B. Londregan, Shih-En Lu, Francisco Mart́ınez-Mora, Adam H. Meirowitz, Stephen Morris, Kristopher Ramsay, Andrzej Skrzypacz, Ken Shepsle, Yuki Takagi, Satoru Takahashi, and the seminar participants at the Harvard University Department of Economics and Department of Government, the Princeton University Department of Economics and Department of Political Science, University of California, Berkeley, Yale University, the 21st Stony Brook International Conference on Game Theory, and the Urrutia Elejalde Workshop on Information, Dynamics and Political Decision Making for helpful comments. In addition, Steven Callander and Josh Gottlieb read through the previous versions of this paper and gave us very detailed comments, which significantly improved the paper. We also thank the careful reading and suggestions by the Editor and the referees. Judith Levi provided a superb professional editorial assistance, which again significantly improved the paper. We thank Emily Her, Douglas Hong, Omair Butt, and especially Lingxuan Wu for their excellent research assistantship. This paper subsumes and supersedes part of our unpublished working paper "Valence Candidates and Ambiguous Platforms in Policy Announcement Games" and its earlier version circulated as "Policy Announcement Game: Valence Candidates and Ambiguous Policies," which Sugaya first presented at the 21st Stony Brook International Conference on Game Theory in 2010.


Abstract : Canadian Forces (CF) aircrew flying CF18 and CF5 aircraft are required to wear anti-G suits to provide protection against the effects of high G forces experienced during air combat manoeuvers (ACM). They are also required to wear immersion suits with the G suits on domestic coastal operations to provide protection against hypothermia in the event of an emergency involving ejection and water landing. The standard CF anti-G suit was worn over the immersion suit, which being bulky, created discomfort and contributed to reduced G protection this combination does not permit proper G suit fit on the wearer. National Defense Headquarters (NDHQ) tasked the Medical Life Support Division (MLSD) of this Institute (DCIEM) to develop a Canadian anti-G suit incorporating fixtures which would allow the anti-G suit to be worn under the immersion. MLSD identified suitable hardware to suit. In conjunction with MLSD support, a Canadian Aerospace Company manufactured two prototype anti-G suits which were successfully integrated with the immersion suit. Subsequent to favourable comments from initial flights trials, NDHQ directed MLSD to procure 20 modified anti-G suits for user trial by designated CF18 and CF5 aircraft squadrons. As a consequence of user trial acceptance, NDHQ has ordered sufficient quantities of the modified anti-G suit and associated immersion suit interface hardware to meet a foreseeable operational requirement. Keywords: Protective clothing; Flight suits; Environment suit.


T HE prime economic objective of agricultural development is to contribute to increased per capita incomes. In most low-income countries, this objective is sought in an environment in which (a) the relative price of agricultural commodities tends to rise, and (b) capital forms drawn from the nonagricultural sector of the economy have a high opportunity cost. Upward pressure is placed on agricultural prices by the unprecedented rate of increase in population. In addition, the relatively high income elasticities of demand for agricultural commodities, characteristic of low-income nations, make growth in per capita incomes highly effective in increasing the demand for food. Such demand conditions provide a favorable environment for raising national income by increasing the supply of domestically consumed agricultural commodities. Demand conditions may be less favorable for nations oriented to production of commodities exported to high-income nations, with their low rates of population growth and highly inelastic demand schedules for most agricultural commodities.


Multimedia courseware design is the compulsory course for mathematics majors and public elective course other majors as a quality teaching course in Yulin University.Because of the students different level of computer knowledge,the traditional teaching model is unable to meet the requirement of students needs.This paper studies ASP.NET for development platforms,Sq1Server2000 for the background database,the uses B/S mode to design the teaching Web site.


A capsule (1) comprises a cylinder (2) enclosing the powder component (A), with a plunger (2a) at the rear, a rupturable reservoir (3) to an opening (2b) of the cylinder containing the liquid component (B ) and due to low material cylinder side (2), a member (4) with a nozzle (4a) holding the container (3). The cylinder is provided with a member (2e) breaking the container (3) without blocking the opening and the nozzle when the plunger (2a) moves the member (4).


F or centuries, people have used the power of wind for sailing ships, milling grain and pumping water. More recently, wind turbine technology has enabled us to harness wind to generate electricity. Today, wind power is one of the world's fastest growing energy sources. The wind industry continues to expand and must develop larger, more reliable and more efficient wind turbines. Building a highly reliable wind turbine is a big challenge. Wind turbines are large flexible structures submitted to aerodynamic transient excitations. These dynamic loads may result in significant mechanical problems, sometimes with dramatic consequences such as failure of gear pinions and bearings and other components resulting from underestimated dynamic loading and related fatigue. There is clearly a need for simulation tools capable of accurately modelling the integral wind turbine behaviour.


Marko Modiano [ET60, Oct 99, pp.3-13] says he applies a democratic modus operandi for defining a standard English as an instrumental lingua franca, which will be 'a composite of those features of English which are comprehensible to a majority of native and competent non-native speakers of the language' (p.4). There are a large number of points in Modiano's argument I would like to ask him to clarify, but my key questions can, I think, be embodied in just one question:


Mitochondrial myopathies are diseases of the respiratory chain that lead to impaired muscle function. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been proposed to cause weakness by inducing atrophy of skeletal muscle. Here, we examined muscle function in mice that express a proof‐reading‐deficient version of PolgA and display an increased number of mutations in the mtDNA and a premature aging phenotype, to examine skeletal muscle function. Force and free cytosolic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) were measured in isolated fast‐twitch muscles of 11 month old mice. EDL muscles from mtDNA mutator mice were significantly smaller than controls (7.7 ± 0.3 vs. 11.2 ± 0.6 mg) and produced less force at 100 Hz stimulation (149.2 ± 12.5 vs. 291.1 ± 28.4 mN), indicating reduced force due to muscle atrophy. However, when force was expressed per cross sectional area, mtDNA muscles were weaker than controls (199.8 ± 25.2 vs. 286.7 ± 24.0 kPa). This was accompanied by reduced [Ca2+]i during tetanic contractions in mtDNA muscles (0.9 ± 0.1 vs. 2.1 ± 0.7 μM) and a ~50% reduction in expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase‐1 (SERCA1) was observed. In conclusion, skeletal muscle weakness occurs due to both muscle atrophy and impaired Ca2+ handling in muscles from mtDNA mutator mice.


Contact-metal dependent current injection in top-contact pentacene thin-film transistors is analyzed, and the local mobility in the contact region was found to follow the Meyer-Neldel rule. An exponential trap distribution, rather than the metal/organic hole injection barrier, is proposed to be the dominant factor of the contact resistance in pentacene thin-film transistors. The variable temperature measurements revealed a much narrower trap distribution in the copper contact compared with the corresponding gold contact, and this is the origin of the smaller contact resistance for copper despite a lower work function.


Background Adult bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSC) might be useful for treating advanced lung diseases such as COPD. Among others, potential side effects in the vascular system, may argue against the applicability of such approach. The aim of the study was to evaluate BMDSC homing into the lungs after local administration by means of two approaches in guinea pigs exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). Methods 30 guinea pigs were exposed or sham exposed to CS for 1 month. In parallel, the adherent fraction of BMDSC from 8 naive guinea pigs was isolated and cultured in vitro. After CS exposure, animals were administered with 2.5 million BMDSC labeled with a fluorescent cell tracker; half of them via tracheal instillation (TR) and the other half via cardiac puncture (CP). 24h after cell administration, animals were sacrificed and labeled cells localized into lung structures by microscopy. Lung sections from naive animals were used as negative controls. Results The number of labeled BMDSC in lung tissue was significantly greater (p Conclusions In experimental COPD, exogenous BMDSC localize in alveolar septa regardless of the route of administration, indicating cell recruitment by injured lungs. In this model, exogenous intratracheal or intravascular BMDSC administrations does not localize in pulmonary vessels. Supported by a grant FIS PS09-00536.


In the next Japanese digital terrestrial television broadcasting systems, the scheme that combines orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and dual-polarized multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is proposed. One of the major problems to be considered is inter-carrier interference (ICI) that is generated by Doppler-spread under mobile reception of MIMO-OFDM systems. In this case, reception characteristics are deteriorated significantly. The ICI canceller for MIMO-OFDM can demodulate transmitted symbols. To realize the MIMO-ICI canceller based on zero-forcing (ZF), it is necessary to reduce the complex calculations such as matrix operations. Therefore, complexity reduction of the MIMO-ICI canceller is proposed. The proposed MIMO-ICI canceller with complexity reduction based on ZF can improve the influence of ICI with low complexity. However, reception characteristics are deteriorated as compared to the MIMO-ICI canceller based on ZF. Thus, improving scheme of MIMO-ICI canceller with complexity reduction based on ZF is proposed. In the proposed scheme, the iterative detection is adopted. In addition, MIMO-ICI cancellers based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) are proposed. As the results of computer simulations, the MIMO-ICI cancellers using iterative detection based on ZF and MMSE can improve the reception characteristics with low complexity.


AIM: To observe clinical effects on treating patients with acute cerebral infarction by using a combination of batroxobin (DF_521), small dose of insulin, and mannitol. METHODS: Patients (n=108) suffering from acute cerebral infarction for less than 48 h were randomly divided into two groups of 54 patients each. Treatment group was treated with batroxobin (DF_521), first dose 10 BU, d 3 and d 5 both with 5 BU, iv drip. Based on blood glucose value various doses of insulin were added in 500 mL of compound sodium chloride injection, iv drip qd×14 d, 250_500 mL of 20% mannitol, iv drip×7_14 d; Control group was treated with 20 mL of Mailuoning were added in 500 mL of dextran_40 glucose injection, iv drip, qd×14. The scores of nervous system defect were evaluated by senior doctors on d 2, d 7, and d 14 after the treatment. RESULTS: The scores of the treatment group (7±9) were lower than those of the control group (13±9, P0.01). CONCLUSION: The joint use of batroxobin (DF_521), small dose of insulin, and mannitol is effective in treatment of acute cerebral infarction.


Context-aware (CA) systems have demonstrated the provision of a robust solution for personalized information delivery in the current content-rich and dynamic information age we live in. They allow software agents to autonomously interact with users by modeling the user's environment (e.g. profile, location, relevant public information etc.) as dynamically-evolving and interoperable contexts. There is a flurry of research activities in a wide spectrum at context-aware research areas such as managing the user's profile, context acquisition from external environments, context storage, context representation and interpretation, context service delivery and matching of context attributes to users 'queries etc. We propose SDCAS, a Semantic-Driven Context Aware System that facilitates public services recommendation to users at temporal location. This paper focuses on information management and service recommendation using semantic technologies, taking into account the challenges of relationship complexity in temporal and contextual information.


ABSTRACT Abbot Arnold of Lübeck's Chronica Slavorum (written before 1210) contains the most detailed near-contemporary account of Duke Henry the Lion's Jerusalem pilgrimage of 1172. It also includes narratives of several crusades of the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, including Frederick Barbarossa's Holy Land campaign (1189–90) and the so-called German Crusade (1197–8). At points in his Chronica, moreover, Arnold explores the penitential opportunities posed by pilgrimage and crusade through discussion of responses to wilderness landscapes. By cueing critical reflection across different expeditions, Arnold prompts his audience to situate Henry the Lion's pilgrimage in the sacred historical continuum to which many contemporaries believed the crusades belonged. This article contends that landscapes offered Arnold a multifaceted narrative tool which he also used to evoke Old Testament models and convey what he believed had led past armed pilgrimages to fail in achieving their stated goals.


When it comes to ego, there are Personality-Type 1 and Personality-Type 2. The Personality-Type 1 is active and autonomous one, and Personality-Type 2 is the target for self-denying. Zhou Zuoren's biography represented active and autonomous self-consciousness, so it strongly criticized ethnic problem and suggested solution. However, after the invasion of Japan, personal problem something like trauma from physical fragility and vision for inevitable collapse of china are combined, which leads him to pursue personal line. Therefore, in the latter period, he ignored social/historical reality as passive and shadowy ego, and pursue his own comfort life. As he suffered from moral dilemma in this process, he adopted moderation of Confucianism which he criticized as old-fashioned morality, and moderation is wrapped as "Achievement of justice" and "Naturalization of ethics". The reason human cannot do practice isn``t ignorance, rather they are likely to idle away even they know the thing and make mistake of rationalization. Thus, Zhou Zuoren should not be evaluated by standard of peaceful area for sympathy, also his achievement should not be underestimated by political criteria which demands absolute morality.


Abstract Background The prognostic role of Progesterone receptor (PR) expression in early invasive breast cancer (BC) remains controversial. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to investigate the impact of PR expression levels on outcome of patients with luminal-like Her2 negative early BC. Methods A population cohort of 441 primary invasive ER+/Her2- early BC patients from a single cancer center underwent surgery and received adjuvant endocrine therapy from 2000 to 2017 was retrieved. To assess the impact of the different PR levels on the prognosis, we calculated the Distant Free Survival (DFS) and the Breast Cancer Specific Survival (BCSS) according to 4 subtypes established on the basis of Ki67 value and PR expression rate (Subtype 1: PR ≥ 20%/Ki67 Results The rates of progression disease were 8%, 19%, 30% and 12% in subtype 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Low PR expression ( Conclusions Our study revealed different outcomes among patients with early BC according to different PR expression levels. Noteworthy, in patients with Ki67 ≥20%, low PR expression levels ( Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure A. Diana: Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Ipsen, Novartis, Pharmamar, Italfarmaco. F. Carlino: Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Italfarmaco, Gentili. E. Franzese: Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche. S. Centonze: Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Thesaro, Roche, Gentili. F. De Vita: Advisory / Consultancy: Roche, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly. F. Ciardiello: Advisory / Consultancy: Merck, Roche, Lilly, Bayer, Amgen, Pfizer, Servier. M. Orditura: Honoraria (self): Epionpharma, Italfarmaco; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Research grant / Funding (institution): EISAI. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


Job satisfaction represents how an employee evaluates their job as favorable to unfavorable. Job satisfaction is widely studied because it can affect how an employee thinks, feels, and behaves in relation to their job. There is evidence that a supportive work environment tends to have outcomes that are more positive for the individual employees and the organization in general. While the rehabilitation counseling supervisor is a source of support (e.g., supervisor shows that they value counselor's contributions; supervisor supports counselor decisions; supervisor trusts counselor to try new things), supervisors are often tasked with many duties in addition to their critical role of supervision and rehabilitation counselors may experience barriers to receiving support from supervisors. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between job satisfaction and support, in the form of prosocial behaviors from individuals in their organization (e.g., one member of an organization helping another complete a task; one member of the organization conveying actions of respect towards another; one member of the organization listening to anxiety and fears at work of another). Among the sample of rehabilitation counselors employed in the state vocational rehabilitation program studied, results indicate that rehabilitation counselors who received support from their supervisor and support from others in the organization reported the highest levels of job satisfaction. For counselors receiving low levels of support from their supervisor, receiving support from others in the organization seemed to make up for lack of support from the supervisor in terms of job satisfaction. In terms of job satisfaction, results indicate it is critical for rehabilitation counselors to receive support from individuals in the workplace in some capacity.


1. A method for dyeing keratinous fibers, characterized in that the mixture is applied to the fibers a composition (A) and the dye composition (B) "main" or "primary golden", or "golden", said composition (A) comprises at least one coupler chosen from 6-chloro-2-methyl-5-aminophenol and salts thereof, and at least one oxidation base and a derivative diamino-N, N-digidropirazolona formula (I) or its soleygde R, R, r and R, identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl CC, substituted if appropriate one or more radicals selected from the group consisting of radicals OR, NRR, carboxy, sulfo, carboxamido CONRR, sulfonamido SONRR, heteroaryl, aryl, substituted if necessary by one or more radicals (CC) alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy CC, amino (di) alkyl (CC) amino; aryl, substituted if necessary by one or more radicals (CC) alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy CC, amino, (di) alkyl (CC) amino; 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, substituted if necessary by one or more radicals selected from (CC) alkyl and (CC) alkoxy; r and Rmogut also be a hydrogen atom; R, r and R, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; linear or branched alkyl CC, substituted if necessary by one or more radicals selected from hydroxy, alkoxy CC, carboxamido CONRR, sulfonyl SOR, aryl substituted with radicals necessary (CC) alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy CC, amino, (di) alkyl ( CC) amino; aryl substituted with radicals necessary (CC) alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy CC, amino, (di) alkyl (CC) amino; r and R, identical or different, may also represent


398 out of 700 patients (= 56.8%), who underwent parotidectomy in the years 1969-1982 at the ENT-Clinic, University of Münster, answered a follow-up study on the postoperative onset of the auriculotemporal syndrome. We investigated the relations between marked sweating and different surgeons, surgical techniques, histology, lesions of the facial nerve, first appearance and mechanisms to elicit the sweating. The results are discussed with regard to the different hypotheses on the development of Frey's syndrome. No unequivocal indications regarding the cause of Frey's syndrome could be established.


The commonly used indicators are often too slow to reflect the operating status in time.Confronted with lacking reliable early-warning indices in the single-phase anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste which is easy to decay,lab-scale experiments of start-up and continuous operation process of anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste were carried out in the single-phase anaerobic reactor which is self-designed under mesophilic conditions.Those values which reflect the capacity of acidity-basicity resistance,including the ratio of bicarbonate alkalinity to total alkalinity(BA/TA),absolute testing value of volatile fatty acid(VFA) and the ratio of total concentration for volatile fatty acid to bicarbonate alkalinity(VFA/BA),are determinated to be the early-warning indices for acidification and imbalance of single-phase anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste.It is considered that,when VFA/BA0.8,BA/TA0.4 and VFA3000mg/L,buffering capacity of the system is very poor,and the system might be out of control.Therefore,an immediately steps must be taken.While,when BA/TA≥0.7~0.8 and VFA/BA0.4,the alkalinity of system is relatively better and the process can be operated with higher organic volumetric loading,which can raise the biogas-producing efficiency and get economic benefit.


Summary

The joint occurrence of the seventies of injury sustained by the two drivers in collisions between two vehicles of equal mass is considered. The positive correlation between them is explained by the speed of the accident, which is not recorded in national accident statistics and thus is 'latent'.


Low‐frequency radio noise is the electromagnetic background radiation which is compared here to the luminosity of 39 sprites recorded with a low‐light video camera. It is found that the sprite luminosities coincide with ∼10–30 ms long sudden enhancements of the electromagnetic background radiation ∼6–8 μV m−1Hz−1/2(∼6–9 dB) with a relative maximum near ∼125 kHz as measured with a wideband (∼1–400 kHz) digital radio receiver. The sprites cluster in 10 groups of 2–5 consecutive sprites which are paralleled by up to ∼1 s long slowly varying enhancements of the electromagnetic background radiation ∼4–5 μV m−1Hz−1/2(∼2–4 dB). The observed electric field strengths place an upper bound on the low‐frequency radiation from the electron multiplication associated with the exponential growth and branching sprite streamers predicted by Qin et al. [2012a]. This upper bound corresponds to a maximum of ∼300–5000 sprite streamers at ∼40 km height above thunderclouds. Some part of the observed electromagnetic background radiation might result from the superposition of low‐frequency radiation emanating from the quick succession of numerous horizontal lightning strokes and/or stepped leaders inside thunderclouds which would constitute a fundamentally novel quasi‐static discharge process inside thunderclouds radiating slowly varying low frequency radio noise.


Understanding the spatial distribution of Phosphate ores, particularly P2 O5% can aid mining engineers in identifying the areas that have high and low values of P2O5% in order to manage the extraction scheme. Most studies that have been carried out in Egyptian phosphate ores, focused on calculations of average P2O5%, average thickness, and total tonnage and seldom concern with spatial variability and mapping of P2O5%. This paper introduces indicator kriging and its uses (for the first time in Egypt) in mapping phosphate grades, and illustrates how the kriging results can be interpreted easily when they are integrated with other geological and mining data using suitable Geographic Information System. Egyptian Mineral Resources Authority (EMRA) provided data for Qurayat area. GIS software (ARC/GIS 9.0) was used to post the locations and geological maps of samples and study area, and the integration of IK and GIS allowed using creative colours to delineate the relative magnitudes of the measurements recorded at these locations, so a better understanding of the ore distribution has been much-admired.


Flat slab is a reinforced concrete slab which has no beams and is directly supported on concrete columns. Voided slabs are reinforced concrete slab in which the volume is reduced by forming voids inside the slab. The voids are provided by placing void formers inside the slab. The void formers are kept in place with the help of a fixing device. In flat slabs the slab is directly supported on the columns for more used space, so there will be stress concentration at the slab-column junction which may finally lead to collapse. In voided slabs, the cross sectional area of the slab is reduced due to presence of voids and hence the slabs have lower punching shear strength. The present article emphasis on various studies conducted on punching shear strength of flat slab and voided flat slab. The detailed works taken up to 2018 were noticed in this article. Numerical analysis of flat slab experimentally evaluated is also done in the present article. Parametric study is conducted on voided flat slab by varying size shape and spacing of voids.


The invention discloses a constant-tension take-up device of a braiding machine, and belongs to a rear take-up device of the braiding machine. An automatic intermittent take-up mechanism comprises a thread guide assembly, a signal detection system, a rack, a take-up plate, a controller, a speed reducer and a motor, wherein the thread guide assembly is connected with the take-up plate through the signal detection system; the motor is connected with the take-up plate through the speed reducer; the controller is connected with the motor; the controller and the motor are connected at one side of the motor; the take-up plate is connected into the rack; the thread guide assembly and the signal detection system are connected to the rack; the signal detection system comprises an upper signal collector and a lower signal collector which are connected to the end part of a swing rod; and the swing rod is connected to a coupler. The constant-tension take-up device of the braiding machine has the advantages that metal and nonmetal large-diameter products take up, the product capacity is high, and take-up is realized with large thread plate constant tension; and take-up is stable through electronic induction control, thus the product quality and output are improved.


Impulse responses of the piezoelectric photoacoustic (PA) signal have been measured by using the technique of cross correlation. Experimental impulse responses of aluminum model samples are in good agreement with theoretical prediction. It is shown that thermal diffusivities of opaque materials can be determined by measured zero‐crossing times of PA impulse response. Cracks in aluminum samples are detected by measuring a one‐dimensional image of the impulse response of the PA signal.


Feasibility of servo operation, with supply gas and average part temperatures over 1000°F, for periods over two hours is well established. Performance required for vernier rod control in the Tory II-C reactor was nearly achieved with the first prototype design. Analytical study revealed characteristics of the pneumatic valve and motor significant in designing performance into systems of this type, and modifications to a roomtemperature motor predict improved resolution and dynamic stiffness for the second design. Analog model studies show the effects of supply-to-ambient pressure-ratio variation on valve-motor characteristics are tolerable for Tory II-C reactor controls.


In allusion to the problems existed in an automac control system of light hydrocarbon recovery apparatus in a joint station of Baolang Oifield,the problems were analyzed and practised.By reconstructing the apparatus.A scheme for gas transfer automatic control was estalished,the control strategy of rapid break of valves was modified.A position for setting a control valve of low temperature and sepration was changed.By using the techniques of power resource working place and system screen grounding,good effect is obtained after reconstruction.


This paper reports the investigation of artificial vegetation communities on excavated slopes in a construction perturbed area of the Xiangjiaba hydroelectric power station in the Jinsha River Basin, P. R. China. Belt transect and random quadrats were used in sampling and recording the vegetation of the four selected plots on the slopes. The community of each plot was characterized based on the coverage, relative importance value, richness, diversity, evenness of species derived from the survey data. Problems of these communities were identified and corresponding regulation measures were proposed to accelerate the positive succession process of the ecosystem. It is demonstrated that the artificial vegetation restoration on the excavated slope has improved the ecological environment.


This paper proposes an intuitive and flexible framework to quantify liquidation risk for financial institutions. We develop a model where the "fundamental" dynamics of assets is modified by price impacts from fund liquidations. We characterize mathematically the liquidation schedule of financial institutions and study in detail the fire sales resulting endogenously from margin constraints when a financial institution trades through an exchange. Our study enables to obtain tractable formulas for the value at risk and expected shortfall of a financial institution in the presence of fund liquidation. In particular, we find an additive decomposition for liquidation-adjusted risk measures. We show that such a measure can be expressed as a "fundamental" risk measure plus a liquidation risk adjustment that is proportional to the size of fund positions as a fraction of asset market depths. Our results can be used by risk managers in financial institutions to tackle liquidity events arising from fund liquidations better and adjust their portfolio allocations to liquidation risk more accurately.


Kinetic theory methods are applied in this paper to model the dynamics of vehicular traffic. The basic idea is to consider each vehicular-driver system as a single part, or micro-system, of a large complex system, in order to capture the heterogeneous behavior of all the micro-systems that compose the overall system. The evolution of the system is ruled by nonlinearly additive interactions described by stochastic games. A qualitative analysis for the proposed model with discrete states is developed, showing well-posedness of the related Cauchy problem for the spatially homogeneous case and for the spatially nonhomogeneous case, the latter with periodic boundary conditions. Numerical simulations are also performed, with the aim to show how the model proposed is able to reproduce empirical data and to show emerging behavior as the formation of clusters.


The invention, stability and physical stability oxide is improved, for example, used to add to the coffee beverage, relates creamer compositions. Creamer includes the amount of oleic acid is more, also the oil amount of linoleic and linolenic acids is limited. The present invention further relates to processes for the preparation of creamer, beverage compositions comprising creamer, and a method of manufacturing a beverage composition. .BACKGROUND


The trench cutting remixing deep wall (TRD) method is a new cement soil cut-off wall construction technique, which has been widely used in cofferdam, embankment dam, and underground waterproof curtain structures. The chain cutter of TRD moves horizontally to cut and stir different soil layers by up and down to form a cement-mixed soil diaphragm wall with continuous and uniform thickness, the mechanics and permeability of which are obviously different from those of cement soil with a horizontally mixed single soil layer in traditional deep mixing pile (DMP). In this paper, five sets of onsite walling tests with different cement ratios were carried out to analyse the unconfined compression and permeability of undisturbed cement-mixed soil in TRD. The difference of both unconfined compressive and permeability coefficients in between TRD and DMP was analysed to discuss the stirring performance of TRD. Then, the microscopic mechanism of soil properties affecting the performance of cement-mixed soil has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the unconfined compression strength test and permeability coefficient test of cement soil with different mixed soil properties. The test results show that the unconfined compressive strength of cement-mixed soil is closely correlated to its gradation. As the mixed soil gradation curve approaches to the Fuller curve, the unconfined compressive strength would gradually increase. In mesoscopic, cement fine sand has a large pore structure, and the average pore area is 2.46 times as cement clay. The permeability coefficient of cement-mixed soil is controlled by the proportion of fine sand content with high permeability.


Abstract Background An emerging field of research concerns the deleterious effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on bone. Our group has previously reported a hemoglobin A1c (A1c) threshold of 7% where bone impairment occurs as reflected by reduction in bone turnover markers and deterioration in bone microarchitecture and strength. However, whether poor glycemic control is also associated with underlying derangements in cellular flux remains unclear. Methods Analysis of the baseline data from 42 consecutive men aged 35-65 enrolled in a clinical trial (NCT03887936) at the Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, who were able to provide the outcomes of interest. Inclusion criteria were average fasting morning testosterone from 2 measurements of <300 ng/dl, T2DM and BMI<35 kg/m2. The following variables were assessed: A1c by high performance liquid chromatography; testosterone and estradiol by LC/MS; bone turnover markers and sex hormone binding globulin by ELISA; quantification of osteoblast (OB) progenitors and osteoclast (OC) precursors by flow cytometry; areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and body composition by DXA; and bone microarchitecture and strength by high resolution peripheral quantitative computerized tomography. Results Participants with poorly controlled T2DM (A1c>7%) had significantly lower percent of OB progenitors in circulation than those with A1c≤7% (1.12 ± 0. 079% v 1.47 ± 0.11% of non-B non-T non-NK cells, p=0. 02) when controlling for age, duration of T2DM, free testosterone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Higher levels of free testosterone were associated with smaller percentage of OB progenitors (r = -0.31, p = 0. 05). Although the percent of OC precursors in circulation (cells that were dual CD14CD11b+, CD14MCSFR+, or CD14CD120b+) was not significantly related to A1c, it was positively associated with percent of OB progenitors in peripheral blood (r = 0.34, p = 0. 03; r = 0.35, p = 0. 02; r = 0.39, p = 0. 01) respectively. There was a significant positive association between OB progenitors and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (r=0.41, p=0. 009). Although there was no association between osteoblast progenitors and osteocalcin levels (product of mature OBs), osteocalcin negatively correlated with VAT (r=-0.47, p=0. 002). There was no association between OB progenitors and OC precursors with aBMD or bone microarchitecture parameters. Conclusions Poor glycemic control is associated with fewer circulating OB progenitors, as was higher free testosterone levels while the converse was true for VAT. It is possible that the former harms cell viability, while the latter two affect differentiation of OB progenitors into mature OB's; with testosterone promoting, and visceral adipose tissue (via unknown mediators) retarding maturation as suggested by the negative association between osteocalcin and VAT. The positive association between OB progenitors with circulating OC precursors is consistent with the physiologic crosstalk between OB and OC which appears to be preserved in patients with T2D. Presentation: No date and time listed


Sorption heat pipe is a novelty and combines the enhanced heat and mass transfer typical for conventional heat pipe with sorption phenomena in a sorbent structure. Sorption heat pipe can be used as a heat source / sink and be applied as a heat pipe. Sorption heat pipe is insensitive to some "g" acceleration and it is suggested for space and ground application.


A floating meadow habitat within the Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve (Loreto, Peru, South America) was sampled for annelids during September, 2002 as part of a multidisciplinary effort aimed at documenting aquatic animal fauna in the Peruvian Amazon River basin. Among 447 annelid specimens collected, at least seven species were represented, six of which were leeches (Hirudinea). These included predaceous (i.e., Helobdella sp., Helobdella striata) and sanguivorous (i.e., Haementeria depressa, Haementeria maculata) glossiphoniids, a new Ozobranchid (Bogabdella sp.) and one Semiscolecidae (Semiscolex similis). Only one oligochaete species (Allonais inaequalis) was collected. With few exceptions, annelid specimens were found along the periphery of floating vegetation, within one meter below the waterline.


E-Commerce, based on the Internet spread, has changed very much, allowing us to realize every day a very huge number of transactions. A consequence of this it may be seen also in the business model used. The Customer-to-Business model is beginning to be used more often on the market. This paper presents a solution for this business model, solution that tries to overtake some of its disadvantages like to identify a group of clients without a communication between them, to select a product or service very close to the clients demand based on a multi-criteria analysis, to optimize the network traffic. The proposed solution is based on the multi-agent technology, a data mining algorithm and a communication algorithm for mobile agents. Finally, an implementation of synthetizing clients' preferences using a specific algorithm is shown for the case of an internet banking service provider.


Recently, advanced technologies exploit materials from nonrenewable resources such as petroleum, natural gas, metal ores, and minerals. Since the depletion of these resources and environmental issues, it has brought attention to researchers to progress in the development of biodegradable materials from green composites. Most biofibres and biopolymers are obtained from agricultural waste products either from stem, leaf, stalk, or fruit. Nowadays, green composites with well-regulated life span have been widely discussed in numerous fields and applications. Some studies have shown that biofibres and biopolymers have comparable mechanical, thermal, and physical properties with glass fibre and other synthetic polymers. Thus, researchers are progressively narrowing down the development of green composite materials in many high strength applications, such as house deck and automotive components. This review focuses on the background of green composites (natural fibres and biopolymers), the manufacturing processes, potential applications in cross arm structures, and testing evaluations. This article also focuses on the specific current cross arm configurations and the pultrusion process to form squared hollow section beams. Many open issues and ideas for potential applications of green composites are analysed, and further emphases are given on the development of environmentally friendly material structures. Hence, the article is expected to deliver a state-of-art review on manufacturability and perspectives of natural fibre reinforced biopolymer composite cross arms for transmission towers.


The invention provides an electrophoretic display and an image updating method thereof. The electrophoretic display comprises a panel, a line driver which comprises a decoder, a row driver, a plurality of grid scanning lines which are connected between the line driver and the panel, a plurality of source scanning lines which are connected between the row driver and the panel, and a time sequence controller which is connected with the line driver and the row driver, wherein the decoder conducts decoding according to the initial position and the end position of a local block provided by the time sequence controller to obtain a grid scanning line corresponding to the local block, wherein the grid scanning line is driven by the line driver. When an image is updated, the grid scanning line corresponding to the local block which is required to be updated is driven only, so as to shorten image updating time and reduce image updating power consumption.


Conformational energy calculations and geometrical arguments indicate that L-pyroglutamic acid (Glp) is an unusual amino acid residue in that its backbone conformational requirements are similar to those normally associated with a standard D-amino acid residue.


An analytical/semi-empirical model developed at MIT to correlate centrifugal-pump performance in two-phase flow was applied to experimental steam/water data produced by Combustion Engineering, Inc. on a 1/5-scale nuclear-reactor pump system. Performance parameters (head and flow coefficients, head-loss and head ratios, void fractions, and system pressures) were correlated and plotted for data in the first, second, and third flow quadrants. Results confirmed the dependence of two-phase pump performance on flow coefficient, void fraction, and system pressure. Experience was gained in the application of the MIT model to a new set of data. The head-loss-ratio correlation was found to be effective for the first quadrant, but application in the second and third quadrants was not successful because of questionable formulation of the reverse-flow theoretical performance. Correlation by head-ratio was deemed to be more appropriate for the second and third quadrants. Pump head degradation was found to decrease with increasing flow coefficient, and qualitative results generally agreed with those of other works. Correlation by system pressure and the distinction between upstream and pump-average parameters were stressed in this analysis. Thesis Supervisor: Title: David Gordon Wilson Professor of Mechanical Engineering


Describes the design of a high-performance monostable multivibrator. The effects of given parameters on pulse width stability are studied, and sources of instability are analyzed. The statistics of the pulsewidth stability are also determined by measuring actual devices.


Young specimens of Discinida (BRACHIOPODA) have been recovered from an outcrop that records the OrdovicianSilurian gap from Paraná Basin (Ordovician-Cretaceous) in Mato Grosso, Brazil. These organisms are found preserved over mold form and replaced by iron oxide. They present an average size of 20 mm in diameter to the dorsal valves (n=62) and 22 mm to the ventral (n=13). Aiming to help on the identification of these fossils a 3D imaging has been performed. However, the biggest difficult found related to the tridimensional image acquisition was the choice of the technique that presents the best results, in other words, the most reliable technique to reproduce the fossil ornaments in 3D, which can help in their correct taxonomic identification. According to previous works, the scanning techniques (probe and laser) and computed tomography (used pixel size of 0.125 millimeters) did not show enough resolution to reproduce a reliable image of this fossil. Notwithstanding, the most effective technique was the conventional X-ray microtomography, using the conic beam configuration as radiation source. This non-destructive technique is based on the emission of X-ray particles through a sample on a rotation stage. These particles suffer attenuation and reach a scintillator, converting the X-ray into visible light that is captured by a photodetector, generating a series of bidimensional images of the sample. The used resolution (images pixel size) in this analysis was 2.79 micrometers, that to be achieved it was necessary to cut the sample, using laser ablation, removing only the fossil from it through a laser beam irradiation, resulting in a sample with 0.2 millimeters in height and 0.1 millimeters in diameter. To make the fossil tridimensional reconstruction, the 992 2D sections previously obtained were submitted to a rendering process, converting the slices into an orderly stacking, which reproduced with a reliable grade the fossil structures and ornaments. This reconstruction was made using Blob3D, a powerful quantitative tool that can discern different sample features based on various attenuations suffered by X-rays. Nevertheless, to materialize the reconstructed solid (3D printing), the number of transversal sections must be considerably raised in order to raise the resolution and hence make a trustworthy reproduction of the original fossil, then interpolation software should be used to generate a large number of new slices among those previously generated by microtomography. By our currently results, it is possible to infer that conventional X-ray microtomography is the most accurate technique to reconstruct a small invertebrate fossil. New samples will be analyzed to compare the results.


With the improvement of science and technology in the production of the mechanical equipment to demand more and more.As the main energy in China coal mine industry,want to notice to mechanical equipment improvement.According to the trend of the development of mining machinery and equipment,and points out that the influence of various factors of safety management and puts forward suggestions on improvement,improving the security management system.


Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still wreaking havoc worldwide. Therefore, the urgent need for efficient treatments pushes researchers and clinicians into screening effective drugs. Drug repurposing may be a promising and time-saving strategy to identify potential drugs against this disease. Methods: Here, we developed a novel computational approach, named Drug Target Set Enrichment Analysis (DTSEA), to identify potent drugs against COVID-19. This approach first mapped the disease-related genes into a gene functional interaction network. Then it used a network propagation algorithm to rank all genes in the network by calculating the network proximity of genes to disease-related genes. Finally, we performed an enrichment analysis strategy by mapping drug target sets to the ranked gene list to prioritize disease-candidate drugs. Findings: We demonstrated the DTSEA in-depth and illustrated its potency in identifying candidate drugs against COVID-19 by converging grounds. We discovered that the top 3 drugs predicted by DTSEA, Ataluren, Carfilzomib, and Aripiprazole, highlighted the potential for use as promising COVID-19 inhibitors. Except for these drugs, DTSEA also identified several drugs (such as Remdesivir and Olumiant) with emergency use authorization (EUA) for COVID-19. We then performed several validations to ensure the reliability and validity of DTSEA, including topological analysis, robustness analysis, and prediction consistency. Interpretation: DTSEA successfully predicted candidate drugs against COVID-19. Demonstrated high accuracy and reliability during the verification process, thus establishing itself as a formidable tool to detect potential candidate drugs for a specific disease and facilitate further investigation.


The article finds the positive relationship between Mutual Funds' herding in the buying of Small-and Mid-Cap stocks with both the historical growth and the future growth of the stocks.However,their herding in the selling side shows positive relationship with only the historical growth and negative relationship with the future growth.The unsatisfying condition of China's SME Board and Growth Enterprise Market of China seems to be the main reason behind the phenomena.


Gender is the study of women and men among their roles in society. Since the year of emancipation occurs in all the country, the term gender becomes popular. Talking about gender, of course, is same as talking about feminism. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie is one of the most influential woman in Africa. Her speech and essay, 'We Should All Be Feminists', which serves the idea of feminism have changed the term feminism with a high balance discussion. The study of gender, in Africa, has too often taboo because there is no equality insight between women and men. By implementing the transitivity in Halliday's SFL (Systemic Functional Linguistics), it is necessary to know the language used by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. The type of the data in this research is quantitative and qualitative data. This study also uses Critical Discourse Analysis as the approach. Hence, the library research supports the understanding of the material which is applicable and accurate to obtain the source of the data.


Abstract: For those who studied ang studying mathematics, are often labeled with a tendency to be stiff and few words, less creative, even minus the imaginative. In fact, someone who is great in numbers actually able to understand the nature and can solve the daily problems. That is because mathematics is actually more than just the science of counting numbers and memorizing formulas, but the science that simplifies the universe into numbers and formulas. The ability to solve mathematical problems cannot be separated from language skills. Language skills will help someone to understand mathematical language that uses a combination of numbers, letters, and symbols. That way, it is very interesting to know whether language ability has a relationship with one's mathematical ability. Simple linear regression test showed that there is a significant influence between language intelligence and mathematical intelligence. The results of the analysis for simple correlation (Product Moment) showed a significant positive correlation between language intelligence and mathematical intelligence. The coefficient of determination is obtained at 44.021%, which means that Language Intelligence affects Mathematical Intelligence as much as 44, 021%. Students who have language intelligence will more easily understand mathematical problems, because in answering a mathematical problem, one must be able to know the purpose of the problem first. Because mathematics uses a combination of numbers, letters, and symbols, it is very important for someone who wants to master mathematics to understand the meaning and purpose of language. Logically, someone who has language intelligence has a curiosity to find out the implicit meaning of what he is learning. He tends not only to memorize the formula but try to understand it. At the stage of being able to understand a language, someone will more easily understand the purpose of the problem and answer it correctly.Key Words: intelligence, language, mathematical.


Production from fish processing activities leads to enormous amounts of waste. This waste is substantially composed of non-edible parts, for instance viscera, gills and others. This fish waste has incredible potential as raw materials or as one of the ingredients needed for the preparation of protein foods for pets. Fish industries should recover the leftovers from fish processing into another valuable product. This can be as a good reduction strategy for industries to minimize their wastes. Hence, it helps to reduce harmful impact to the environment. Therefore, this fish waste has big potential to be commercialized. Additionally, the fish waste available in the markets actually has its own excellent probability. It can be utilized as an ingredient in animal food production such as fish palatant. So, in this study, fish waste originated from ocean fish was collected from local market in Selayang. Its nutritional compositions were firstly analyzed. Fish viscera was selected to undergo extraction as it showed up with high protein content of 84.68% rather than fish gills with protein content of only 44.62%. In order to produce safe food for cats, subcritical water extraction (SWE) method was applied in the extraction process instead of using conventional extraction method. This extraction method is considered as a green process because of usage of water as a solvent since water can replace aqueous solvent during extraction process. SWE was then heated to the desired temperature of 140°C-220°C with pressure in the reactor was fixed at 3.0 MPa. The extraction time for each sample was 5 minutes. At a temperature of 180°C, it has the highest protein content with 1.705 g/L BSA.


We investigate highly damped quasinormal mode of single‐horizon black holes motivated by its relation to the loop quantum gravity. Using the WKB approximation, we show that the real part of the frequency approaches the value conjectured by Medved et al. and Padmanabhan for dilatonic black hole. It is surprising since the area specrtum of the black hole determined by the Bohr's correspondence principle completely agrees with that of Schwarzschild black hole for any values of the electromagnetic charge or the dilaton coupling. We discuss its generality for single‐horizon black holes and the meaning in the loop quantum gravity.


Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is widely cultivated for its prized fruit, but its origins are unclear as this crop has not been found in the wild. Seashore mangosteen (Garcinia celebica L.) has been proposed as a candidate ancestral species for the mangosteen male parent in a hypothesized hybridization event, yet the functionality of the male organs in perfect flowers of G. celebica has not been characterized. The objective of this study was to describe pollen development in G. celebica using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Male gametophyte development led to viable pollen at anthesis. The tapetum was of the secretory type, and it started to degrade following meiosis II, which corresponded to the complete encasement of a callose wall around the microspore tetrad. Pollen viability, demonstrated with 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) assays, was 68%. An in-vitro pollen germination assay was developed, and the rate of germination was remarkably similar to the viability (68%). Male functionality was clearly confirmed by both the high rate of pollen viability and germination. The occurrence of stigmatic exudates on pistillode and its pollen features are consistent with biotic pollination. The perfect flower of G. celebica is thus a functional male flower.


Both peat utilization and peatlands themselves contribute to increases in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This article examines how peatlands with naturally high GHG emission levels affect net GHG emissions during the life cycle of peat. GHG emissions were measured from three drained peatland sites with high GHG emission levels. The impact of peatland type on the GHG emissions was considered when peat was assumed to replace coal in an energy production facility. The emission reduction levels achieved with the use of peat fuel originating from high-emission level peatlands stood at 35% compared to coal use and 30% compared to the average peat emission value. The findings indicate that GHG emissions can be reduced overall when peat from high-emission peatlands is utilized instead of coal. Lower emissions are primarily achieved because the harvesting of peat from high-emission level peatlands reduces the GHG emission levels of those lands.


To clarify the opinions on the subject of the advisability of breast feeding, the material in this article has been collected under four headings: first, the advantages of breast milk as a specific food for infants; second, the advantages of breast feeding as a technic in child care; third, the objections and contraindications to breast feeding, and fourth, conclusions. BREAST MILK AS A SPECIFIC FOOD Breast milk as a specific food for babies contains adequate quantities of food elements for good nutrition in the early months of life, provided that it is sufficient in amount and that the mother eats a good diet during pregnancy and the lactation period. It is probable that after the first few weeks other foods and vitamin supplements should be added to the baby's diet, from both the nutritional aspect and that of establishment of good food habits. Breast milk L to


Objective To improve the preservation of facial nerve function during the surgical removal of large acoustic neuromas (LAN). Methods The pre-and postoperative clinical characteristics of 230 patients with LAN ( diameter30 mm )were analyzed. All the patients were diagnosed by CT or MRI scanning. The tumours were removed by microsurgical technique, via suboccipito-retrosigmoid approach. Results The gross total removal of tumour was achieved in 186 patients (80.9 % ) , and subtotal removal in 33 patients (14.3%). Partial removal was carried out in the remaining 11 patients (4.8 % ). Three patients (1.3 % ) died after the surgery. Facial nerves were preserved anatomically in 82.6% (190 cases )of the patients. Long-term follow-up observation (median: 3.8 years) in 203 patients revealed good recoveries in 94.1% (191 cases )of them. Conclusion Use of the suboccipito-retrosigmoid approach and the microsurgical technique for removing LAN resulted in good anatomical and functional preservation of facial nerves. The authors recommend using this approach and operative technique to remove acoustic tumours larger than 30 mm in size, and the result of treatment is satisfactory.


A novel modified water-resistance agent(MG) for paper coating were prepared by addition and etherifying reaction of melamine with glyoxal.FT-IR,XRD,DSC and TGA were used to analyze the physical properties of the MG resin.The microstructure of surface and cross section of paper were observed by SEM.FT-IR indicates the structure of the MG resin,the water-resistance agent is successfully prepared.XRD diagram indicates that the MG resin is amorphous polymer.DSC shows that the glass transition temperature of the polymer is 53.95 ℃.TGA indicates that the original decomposition temperature of MG is near 196.05 ℃.When treated with diluted resultant MG solution,the surface strength of the coated paper increased monotonically and the printing ink absorbency was above 29% as the mass fraction of MG solution increases from 0% to 4%.The water-resistance ability and printability of paper can be greatly improved by MG.


The COVID-19 pandemic forced many higher education institutions to suddenly pause in-person teaching and learning in favor of Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning (ERTL). Strict social distancing measures required institutions to offer courses, programs, and services without any direct contact between students, faculty, and staff; higher education created a contactless teaching and learning environment. This exploratory study analyses various applications of ERTL through a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The results from the review of the literature are presented through a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis for students, faculty, and the institutions.


Internal locus of control is one of the factors related to vocational high school students' entrepreneurial intention. This study aimed to empirically test the relationship between internal locus of control and entrepreneurial intention on vocational high school students. The population in this study was all students of class XII at Vocational High School 5 Yogyakarta as many as 392 students and research participants in total was 171 students. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. Data collection was conducted by using the scale of entrepreneurial intention and internal locus of control scale. Data analysis was done using product moment analysis technique. The results of data analysis showed a significant positive relationship between internal locus of control with entrepreneurial intention, with a significance level (p) of 0.030. Internal locus of control contributed 2.1 percent to entrepreneurial intention so that the remaining 97.9 percent was influenced by other variables. It could be concluded from this study that students' internal locus of control can predict student's entrepreneurship intention.


Purpose
Digital technology has been widely applied in zakat collection. Millennials, who are now dominating the productive phase and at their peak carrier path, are the potential target for zakat collection as their number reached 31.3% of the Indonesian population. On the other hand, public and private zakat institutions have attempted to optimize the country's zakat potential, reaching 233.6tn rupiahs, through development of a digital platform for zakat collection. However, the gap between the actual collection of zakat with its potential is still large. This study aims to analyse the factors affecting millennials in paying zakat through direct payment or through digital platform of private or public zakat institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
Multinomial logistic regression method, which signifies the contribution of this study, is used to analyse factors influencing millennials in their zakat payment. In addition, cross-tabulation is used to classify the characteristics of respondents. Respondents are selected conveniently through a digital questionnaire distributed in February–March 2021. Respondents are also selected purposively based on their experience in paying zakat through direct, private or public zakat institutions, which are consisted of 50 respondents per each category; thus, the total becomes 150 respondents.

Findings
Based on the results, three variables, namely, education, accessibility and age, are found to have a significant influence on zakat payment through online platforms provided by private zakat institutions. Meanwhile, variables that influence zakat payment through online platforms provided by public zakat institutions are education, accessibility and income. This study also finds that millennials have the highest probability to select online platforms provided by private zakat institutions as a channel of their zakat payment. However, the overall result shows that millennials tend to pay directly to the mustahik (zakat recipients) rather than via online platforms, presumably because of their limited zakat literacy.

Research limitations/implications
The purposive sampling technique used to determine the research samples limits the generalization of the study.

Practical implications
This paper establishes a new approach in analysing millennials preference in their zakat payment with digital inclusiveness. The use of a multinomial logistic approach, which has not been widely applied in such research, strengthens the analysis that is relevant to the need of both private and public zakat institutions to analyse determinants of millennials in paying their zakat through online platform. This study can be used as a reference to formulate a more effective marketing strategy for zakat collection. This paper also serves as an estimate of the preference with some selected typical characteristics of millennials by using a multinomial logistic approach.

Social implications
Formal payment through the zakat institution theoretically is more preferable than direct payment to mustahik (zakat recipients) in the zakat campaign. However, based on this research, despite digital marketing and platforms having been well-used by both private and public zakat institutions, the millennials still prefer direct zakat payment than through online platforms. The findings of this research suggest the importance of strengthening zakat literacy through a more effective digital marketing strategy of zakat institutions which target the millennials.

Originality/value
This study fills the gap in the literature on how millennials choose their zakat payment method, whether through digital platforms developed by private and public zakat institutions or directly to the targeted zakat recipients. The use of multinomial logistic regression approach adds the novelty of this research.


Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of 10% etofenamate gel combined with tizanidine on the treatment of acute local painful muscle spasms(neck,shoulder,waist).Methods Between March and May,2012,375 outpatients with acute painful muscle spasms were included,in whom 63 were selected with potential gastrointestinal risk as group A and treated with etofenamate gel for external use(thrice per day) combined with tizanidine 2 mg(twice per day).Others were divided into group B(63 patients) and C(63 patients) randomly which had the same constituent ratio with group A on patients' age,gender,and pain location.Group B and C were treated with celecoxib 0.2 g(twice per day) combined with tizanidine 2 mg(twice per day) or placebo(1 pill,twice per day) with tizanidine 2 mg(twice per day) for 8 days respectively.The efficacy and side effects were observed.Results There were 57,54 and 55 patients finished the follow-up in group A,B and C,respectively.The overall effective rates on the day 2 after administration in 3 groups were 50.8%,68.5% and 20.0%(P0.001);and on the day 8 were 77.2%,83.3% and 63.6%(P0.05),respectively.On the other side,the gastrointestinal side-effects rate in 3 groups were 3.5%,5.5% and 3.6% without significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion The etofenamate gel has the same effect compared with celecoxib,and when combines with tizanidine,it is more effective and has better toleration than tizanidine itself dose in acute painful muscle spasms patients with potential gastrointestinal risk.


We provide some evidence of Empirical Likelihood's (EL) practical value in econometrics.
We present EL as an alternative to GMM estimation and assess the
finite-sample properties of their overidentification tests (size and power) through
Monte Carlo simulations. We address the issue of the importance of the results
to applied workers and use as laboratories to our experiments two settings with
potential empirical applications: the Mean-Variance and Three-Moment CAPM
and a dynamic panel model with individual effects. In cases in which we found
important size distortions we introduced efficient bootstrap critical values. Prior
research applied this bootstrapping technique to the GMM (GMM-bootstrap)
and we present results for the EL (EL-bootstrap). We also include an empirical
example on a United States panel cash-flow model. Even if our findings do not
uniformly support the conclusion that one estimator dominates the other, we
found evidence that EL and EL-bootstrap are good alternatives to GMM and
GMM-bootstrap in some econometric applications


This paper proposes a new architecture of a controlled-temperature hot-wire anemometer using voltage feedback linearization. The voltage feedback linearizes the sensor input-output relationship and the controller is designed to achieve null steady-state error and reduce the system response time. Analysis of the behavior of the architecture modeled using Simulink is presented for a NTC sensor. Simulation results are presented and discussed, and the architecture is compared with the classical constant-temperature anemometer (CTA) one.


An analytical and experimental investigation of the effects of mistuning on propfan subsonic flutter was performed. The analytical model is based on the normal modes of a rotating composite blade and a three-dimensional subsonic unsteady lifting surface aerodynamic theory. Theoretical and experimental results are compared for selected cases at different blade pitch angles, rotational speeds, and free-stream Mach numbers. The comparison shows a reasonably good agreement between theory and experiment. Both theory and experiment showed that combined mode shape, frequency, and aerodynamic mistuning can have a beneficial or adverse effect on blade damping depending on Mach number. Additional parametric results showed that alternative blade frequency mistuning does not have enough potential for it to be used as a passive flutter control in propfans similar to the one studied. It can be inferred from the results that a laminated composite propfan blade can be tailored to optimize its flutter speed by selecting the proper ply angles.


Lead titanate PbTiO3 films were deposited onto Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by the aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AA-CVD) process followed by thermal annealing at 550 °C for 12 h. Piezoresponse force microscopic observations revealed a nano laminar domain structure in the PbTiO3 grains, and we attribute the lamellar domains to 180 and 90° ferroelectric domains. The polarization-switching mechanism of the domains in the representative PbTiO3 film under an external electric fields has also been studied, and it was revealed that a large-area polarization switching is usually accompanied by the appearance of a new direction of 90° domains in order to reduce the stress in the grains. Finally, nanomechanical properties such as the elastic modulus and hardness were evaluated by nanoindentation using the continuous stiffness measurement technique.


Zhu Xi arrived Anxi to handle business in the winter of A.D.1153 for three days,and remained with the poems and inscriptions.This article reviews the humanistic relation between Zhu Zi and Anxi,and reveals an important event of the exchange of role worship gods that was made by Li Guang di,a retired premier.


In this paper, a fuel-cell power generating system using interleaved full-bridge converter has been designed and efficiency analysis was implemented. To generate power from fuel-cell stack, DC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter is needed. DC-DC converter boost from low voltage of fuel-cell stack to high voltage and supplies the power to inverter. To improve efficiency of converter, optimum design is needed. System stability, range of ZVS, system losses on full-bridge converter are analyzed. A fuel-cell power generating system using interleaved full-bridge converter has been designed and efficiency analysis was implemented. Simulation and experiment was implemented to verify theological analysis considering the characteristics of fuel-cell.


ABSTRACT Various conspiracy theories have accompanied COVID-19 since its initial outbreak. Based on a nationwide survey in China, this study probes the health consequences of beliefs in different COVID-19 conspiracy theories in China. The research found that believing the coronavirus has a foreign natural origin was associated with increased rather than decreased intention to adopt protective behaviors. Nonetheless, believing that the source of the pandemic was a Chinese lab or that it is a foreign biological weapon was related to reduced intentions to protect one's health. In addition, measured as national pride and satisfaction with China's pandemic control effort, people's level of nationalism was strongly associated with their intention to adopt protective behaviors, which moderates the health consequences of believing in false conspiracy theories. Scientific literacy was also associated with an increased likelihood of adopting preventive measures. Despite revealing the diversified health consequences of conspiracy beliefs, this study demonstrates the importance of examining collectivist sociopolitical constructs in health communication.


With the deep information construction of SGCC, the demand for operation assessment of information system is rapidly increasing. With the guide of the Information Technology Infrastructure Library(ITIL) practice and international standard of ISO20000 and ISO27001, we proposes a management system design idea and construction method for lean operation and maintenance of information system. From organization to management innovation, we carefully control the whole procedure of the operation and maintenance, and also provide the multi-dimension warning and closed loop lurking peril management. All parts of scheduled maintenance can be effi ciently transferred to each other. With the combination of comprehensive analysis and robust evaluation, we can highly improve the security and stability of information system operation and realize the optimal confi guration ofi nformation system operation and maintenance resources.


Near-infrared (NIR, 760 nm) and red (R, 660 nm) signatures of winter wheat cv. 'Tarso' were investigated, using data collected with a hand-held Cropscan radiometer. Ratio vegetation index, NIR/R, was used at GS 47 to predict three yield levels (low, medium and high) of the trial area (64 plots, 24 x 40 m per plot). At GS 59, each yield level received applications of fungicide Amistar (azoxystrobin, 500 g l -1 ) at doses 0 (control), 0.25, 0.50 and 0.70 1 ha -1 . Attacks of leaf spot fungi, mainly Septoria nodorum and S. tritici, were assessed at GS 47-87. Data recorded at GS 47-87 corresponded well with disease severity (R 2 = 0.964). Throughout the season, Septoria severity in untreated plots was most intense in predicted low yielding plots and least serious in predicted high yielding plots. The highest efficacy of the fungicide was reached in predicted lower yielding plots, increasing with enhanced dose. Expected high yielding plots displayed the same pattern, though not reaching as high efficacy at GS 77 and 85. As for expected medium yielding plots, the efficacy was lower throughout the season. Radiometric data were accurate in terms of predicting the three yield levels. The highest yields were registered at 0.70, 0.50 and 0.50 1 ha -1 in predicted lower, medium and high yielding plots. Highest net income, after reducing yield values with costs for the amount of fungicide used, driving and damage at driving, was registered at doses 0.25, 0.50 and 0.50 1 ha -1 at lowest, medium and highest predicted yield levels, respectively. Possible explanations of the results and consequent implications are discussed.


In this article, we discuss the question "what level set methods can do for image science". We examine the presence of these and related methods in image science and introduce some relevant level set techniques that are potentially useful for this class of applications. We will show that image science demands multidisciplinary knowledge and flexible but still robust methods, and that is why the level set method has become a thriving technique in this field.


The piezoelectric energy harvesters have been developed, and the corresponding performance has been improved in recent years. However, the electromechanical conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric energy harvester is still low, which is restricted due to the low electromechanical conversion performance of the piezoelectric ceramic itself. It is thus significant and meaningful to prepare piezoelectric ceramics with high electromechanical conversion performance. This paper mainly reviews research progress in the property modulation of piezoelectric ceramics with high electromechanical conversion performance, i.e., performance requirement of piezoelectric ceramics for energy harvesting under the non-resonant and the resonant state, the comparison of electromechanical conversion performance between the lead-based and lead-free piezoelectric ceramics for energy harvesting, and various design methods of piezoelectric ceramics to obtain high electromechanical conversion performance. In addition, some questions and research aspects for future studies in this field are proposed.


This article analyzes how the program called Terra de Minas (TV Globo Minas) addresses different temporalities as a way to establish an image of the city of Belo Horizonte. Based on the contributions of Cultural Studies, this article assumes that the past is not something that is finalized, but it is summoned in the present and may assume places of dispute and opposition to the dominant forms. In the same way, the future can be lived in the present, not as something projected, but as that which reconfigures elements of the dominant or that establishes something new. The textual analysis of the program, based on its visual, sound and verbal elements, signals for at least three calls of social temporalities: the past as patrimony, the future as an improvement of the past and the past as a construction of oneself.


Purpose: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key kinase downstream of phosphoinosi-tide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT predominantly involved in translational control in the presence of nutrients and energy. Despite the well known role of mTOR in carcinogenesis, its prognostic potential in lung cancer has not been investigated. Here, we quantitatively assessed mTOR protein expression in two large data sets to investigate the impact of mTOR expression on patient survival. Experimental Design: Automated quantitative analysis (AQUA), a fluorescent-based method for analysis of in situ protein expression, was used to assess mTOR expression in a training cohort of 167 lung cancer patients. An independent cohort of 235 lung cancer patients (from a second institution) was used for validation. Results: Tumors expressed mTOR in the cytoplasm in 56% and 50% of the cases in training and validation cohorts, respectively; mTOR expression was not associated with standard clinical or pathologic characteristics. Patients with high mTOR expression had a longer median overall survival compared with the low expressers (52.7 versus 38.5 months; log rank P = 0.06), which was more prominent in the adenocarcinoma group (55.7 versus 38.88 months; log rank P = 0.018). Multivariate analysis revealed an independent lower risk of death for adenocarcinoma and adeno-carcinoma stage IA patients with mTOR-expressing tumors (hazard ratio, 0. Conclusions: mTOR expression defines a subgroup of patients with a favorable outcome and may be useful for prognostic stratification of lung adenocarcinoma patients as well as incorporation of mTOR into clinical decisions. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates cell growth, acting as a master switch between anabolic and catabolic processes (1, 2). mTOR is a key kinase downstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT that regulates the initiation of protein translation in response to intracellular concentrations of amino acids and other essential nutrients (3 – 5). mTOR consists of two complexes: mTORC1 associated with raptor (regulatory-associated protein of mTOR) and mTORC2 interacting with rictor (rapamycin insensitive companion of mTOR); upon phosphorylation, mTORC1 phosphorylates S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) that increase the translation of a set of mRNAs, thus coupling growth stimuli to cell-cycle progression (6). The less-understood mTORC2 complex directly phosphor-ylates AKT (7, 8), paradoxically allowing mTOR to be both upstream and downstream of itself (2). More recent studies suggest that mTOR can also regulate the transcription of rRNA and tRNA in yeast and mammalian cells (9, 10). Elements of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway have been …


An analysis of potato production (Solanum tuberosum L.) at Monagas State was realized during february–june, year 2000. The diagnosis was carried out through an agro-economical system of production. The factors that affected the production of this crop in the state during the period 1994-1998 were detected. The results showed Caripe as the main producer of potato, with 57.79 % of the whole land planted. The production (cycle february-june) of the year 2000 was of 258,072 kg, with an average of 8065 kg/ha, this yield was inferior than the Monagas yield for 1999 (15,000 kg/ha) also inferior than country yield on the same year (17,949 kg/ha). The analysis of cost production and incomes, determinated the potato crop was not beneficial, leading to a lack of motivation for the grower, keeping cultivating potato. The no financing through the years 1994-1998 as well as the increase in cost production and the difficulty to obtain seeds were the main factors that affected the regularity in the production of potato in the entity.


We study the problem of object reconstruction based on lineage, using photographs as our driving application. In addition to standard forward reconstructions, our model allows inverse transformations, reconstructions that exploit properties (e.g., commutativity), and imperfect reconstructions. With these additions, our model provides many more options for recovering a lost object. However, to choose among many possibly imperfect reconstructions, we need to carefully account for the accompanying ``degradation.'' In this paper, we propose a model for measuring degradation and a set of composition rules that help us measure the quality of reconstructions. Given this model, we propose an efficient algorithm for finding reconstructions and illustrate how it strikes a balance between efficiency and the quality of the produced results.


A fast high-performance liquid chromatography method was used for analysis of prominent flavan-3-ols and flavonols in vegetables. Gradient elution with phosphoric acid-acetonitrile mixtures and phosphoric acid-methanol mixtures allowed fast and complete separation of the studied phenolic compounds within analysis times less than 10 min. The development of two elution gradients using methanol and acetonitrile as modifiers proved to be an excellent approach for the verification of the real polyphenolic composition in vegetables samples because the two optimized methods allowed the separation of the same number of compounds in the same elution order. Diode-array detection was employed for the provisional identification of phenolic compounds that were not available as standards. We preferred methanol as a modifier because it was less toxic and cheaper than acetonitrile. Detection limits ranged between 0.12 and 0.59 μg mL -1 . High recoveries of phenolics from fresh vegetables were measured in all studied cases, independent of the phenolic structure, matrix, and vegetable in question. High levels of procyanidins between 150 and 450 mg kg -1 were found in all studied vegetables. Quantification of quercetin and kaempferol glycosides was only possible in marrow and onion, respectively.


We discuss constraints that the observed brightness temperatures impose on coherent processes in pulsars and fast radio bursts, and in particular on the hypothesis of coherent curvature emission by bunches. We estimate the peak brightness temperature that a bunch of charge Ze can produce via synchrotron and/or curvature emission as k B T ∼ (Ze)2/λ, where λ is the typical emitted wavelength. We demonstrate that the bunch's electrostatic energy required to produce observed brightness temperature is prohibitively high, of the order of the total bulk energy. We compare corresponding requirements for the free-electron laser mechanism and find that in that case the constraints are more easily satisfied.


Cotton print cloth has been treated with 0.55 M solutions of 4,5-dihydroxy-2- imidazolidinone or dihydroxyethyleneurea (DHEU) in the presence of 0.03 M inorganic salts as catalysts. The rates of the reaction at 45, 55, 65, 75, and 85°C in the presence of ZnCl 2, Zn(NO3)2, MgCl2, and (Mg(NO 3)2 catalysts have been determined by following changes in bound nitrogen and changes in crease recovery properties of finished fabrics. Enthalpies, entropies, and free energies of activation of the etherification processes at 45°C have been calculated. Comparisons with corresponding values obtained previously for the cellulose-dimethylolethylencurea (DMEU) reactions are given in order to emphasize significant differences between reactions of cotton with the nietliylol and with the ring hydroxyls in light of the so-called "delayed cure" process for chemically modifying cotton.


Research in development economics reveals that the bulk of cross-country differences in economic growth is attributable to differences in productivity. By some accounts, productivity contributes to more than 60 percent of countries??? growth in per capita GDP. I examine a particular channel through which financial development could explain cross-country and crossindustry differences in realized productivity. I argue that financial development induces technological innovations ??? a major stimulus of productivity - through facilitating capital mobilization and risk sharing. In a panel of industries across thirty eight countries, I find that financial development explains the cross-country differences in industry rates of technological progress, rates of real cost reduction and rates of productivity growth. I find that the effect of financial development on productivity and technological progress is heterogeneous across industrial sectors that differ in their needs for financing innovation. In particular, industries whose younger firms depend more on external finance realize faster rate of technological change in countries with more developed banking sector.


The diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) captures in a succinct and elegant way the tradeoff between error probability and rate achieved by space-time coding in the high- SNR, high spectral efficiency regime, of MIMO quasi-static fading channels. We show that the DMT for Rayleigh and Rician fading MIMO channels with arbitrary full-rank correlation is identical to the case of i.i.d. Rayleigh fading. Previously known results for the case of full-rank Kronecker correlations are recovered as special cases of this result. Then, we argue that while the impact of correlation on capacity and error probability may be huge, the gain achieved by optimizing the input covariance matrix with respect to standard white input is essentially negligible. This observation motivates the use of standard space-time codes irrespective of the channel correlation, with possibly a rate-adaptation mechanism that allocates the rate according to the channel correlation, in order to meet the desired error probability target.


This paper studies the problem of distributed state estimation for discrete-time systems over a sensor network with unreliable transmission. Each sensor node constructs a local estimate based on its own observation and on those collected from its neighbors through lossy links. A nonzero sum Nash game is used to deal with such a multiobjective distributed filtering problem. Stabilization solutions in the mean square sense are established for a set of cross-coupled modified algebraic Riccati equations associated with each sensor node. Based on mean square stabilization solutions, causal Nash equilibrium strategies, consisting of the local optimal filter gains and the worst case disturbance signals, are further analytically conducted. Finally, a numerical example is included to show the validity of the current results.


Contributions on attitude of small satellite have mainly placed emphasize on control system, such as system design, method of control, control algorithms, mathematical model, attitude simulation and the like, but few papers have been published on the relation between attitude stabilization and mass center of small satellites. This paper analyzes effect of the displacement of mass center on attitude of small satellites from the view of structure design and dynamical balancing in light of ellipsoid of kinetic energy and motion equation. The motion equation in this paper is deduced from Lagrange equation of second kind, and represented in terms of matrix to benefit solving the equation by computer and also to make the equation concise. By the equation, the numerical simulations of attitude are carried out for a 50kg small satellite corresponding to different initial angular velocities and different displacements of mass center. The effect of displacement of mass center on stability of motion of small satellites is also analyzed. The simulations and analysis show that one or several optimal displacement of mass center exists both for attitude stabilization and stability of motion. This paper aims at providing reference for structure design, attitude control, as well as for determining the precision of dynamic balancing.


Image based treatment planning for brachytherapy is improving treatment quality and increasing treatment options. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) are used to aid low dose rate and high dose rate treatments, CT and MRI are used to better define the target and normal organ volumes and to calculate the dose to critical structures. Imaging information is used to optimize source placement to better achieve desired dose constraints. MRI is particularly valuable in better defining the target volume due its versatility in differentiating normal tissue from tumor tissue. Improved dosimetry for intracavitary gynecologic implants has shown increased maximum doses to normal organs than traditionally been reported. Dosimetric criteria for optimal implants are being developed. Interstitial implants benefit from better defined target volumes, needle placement and optimization of source strengths. High dose rate prostate implants using on-line imaging and dosimetry during needle placement has reduced uncertainty of dose delivery by reducing the time interval from imaging study to treatment delivery.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Principles of Operation Elements of Cable Design Cable Manufacture Tests Electrical Characteristics Principles of Oil Feeding Cathodic Protection Limitations of HPOFPT Cables Development of HPOFPT Cable for Higher Voltages in the United States Gas-Type Cables Gas Compression EHV Cables Concluding Remarks This chapter contains sections titled: References


Heavy metal concentrations in surface sediments from Guan River Estuary were measured with ICP-MS and AFS.The results showed that the pollution of heavy metals has become more and more serious in recent years,especially Hg and Zn.Compared with other estuaries in China,Hg distributed a higher level,Zn the highest and Cr,Cd,Cu,Pb and As above the average level.The enrichment factor of Hg reached 3.44,indicative of potential new sources in this area.The higher concentrations of heavy metals were generally found at site H07 and decreased gradually around,which might be associated with the influence of entrance bar at Guan River Estuary.According to H kanson ecological risk index method,the average ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments from Guan River Estuary is at "slight" level.Assessments based on SQGs indicated that biological toxicity effects of different heavy metals might happen occasionally at different sites,in which,toxic effects of Zn at some sites might happen frequently.Risk assessments based on Sediment Quality Criteria(carried out in Canada) suggested that Zn,Cu and As were more likely to induce adverse biological effects,in which adverse effects of Zn might happen frequently.


Objective To optimize configuration of the sterilize packing tool for surgical instruments,through investigating the present status of sterilize packing tool for surgical instruments.Methods According to the administration rule of central sterile supply department issued by the ministry of public health,the present status and demand of 27 hospitals were investigated and analyzed in Chongqing.Results The average rate of using valid sterilize packing tool was only 17.0 % in 27 hospitals,and the number was not enough to match with the rules.In addition,the opening sterilize pack dish was the first demand.Conclusions Sterilize packing tool is benefit to the quality of surgical instruments,and equipping properly obey the rules is necessary.


Threshold logic circuits gain increasing attention due to their feasible realization with emerging technologies and strong bind to neural network applications. In this paper, for logic synthesis we formulate the fundamental operation of collapsing threshold logic gates, not addressed by prior efforts. A necessary and sufficient condition of collapsibility is obtained for linear combination of two threshold logic gates, and an analytic approach is proposed for fast circuit transformation. On the other hand, for equivalence verification we propose a linear time translation from threshold logic circuits to pseudo-Boolean constraints, in contrast to prior exponential translation costs. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of circuit transformation by the collapse operation and the memory efficiency of equivalence verification by our pseudo-Boolean translation.