The performance of the Brazilian tomato agroindustrial chain in the 90's was analysed. This was done taking into account the great socio-economic importance of this chain, principally its capacity to generate employment and create income in all sectors of the economy. The industrial processing of tomatoes alone generated $ 300 million in 1990 and ended the decade with US$ 500 million. Tomato processing averaged one million tons in the last five years. However, comparing the production of 2000 in relation to 1990, in spite of the reduction of 45% of cultivated area (year 2000), the yield increased more than 93%. Several factors contributed to the increase in productivity, as the concentration of the production in Savannah areas which are favored by the soil and climate; adoption of advanced technologies where open pollination cultivars were substituted for high yielding hybrids. In addition, new technologies of production were introduced in the tomato production process, including more efficient irrigation techniques associated to new formulations of plant nutrition. Another favorable factor was the more efficient interaction between the production process and industrial sectors. The importation of tomato paste was significantly reduced in 1999, giving space to the internal production. The industries innovated with the release of more practical packages and less concentrated products with greater added value, such as sauces.


With the fast development of international agricultural exchange, the translation of agricultural texts is of more importance than ever before and accounts for a noticeable part in translation business. The application of translation methods to agricultural texts must be carried out in a proper way in order to guarantee high quality and satisfactory communications. This paper discusses the two major translation methods, which are semantic translation and communicative translation, and points out that a clear understanding of both the text form and the characteristics of each translation method will be an essential part in the translation process.


: Phytochemical investigation of Lindera myrrha roots growing in Vietnam afforded a new eudesmane sesquiterpenoid, myrrhalindenane C ( 1 ), along with seven known compounds, rel -5-(3 S ,8 S -dihydroxy-1 R ,5 S -dimethyl-7-oxa-6-oxobicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-8-yl)-3-methyl-2 Z ,4 E -pentadienoic acid ( 2 ), 1- O -(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-6- O -[ rel -5-(3 S ,8 S -dihydroxy-1 R ,5 S -dimethyl-7-oxa-6-oxobicyclo[3,2,1]-oct-8-yl)-3-methyl-2 Z ,4 E -pentadienoyl]-β-D-glucopyranose ( 3 ), curcumin ( 4 ), demethoxycurcumin ( 5 ), bisdemethoxycurcumin ( 6 ), (1 E ,6 E )-1,7-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione ( 7 ), and sanjoseolide ( 8 ). The structures were determined by analysis of their MS and NMR data as well as by comparison with literature values. All compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant, pathogenic bacteria Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus , and Acinetobacter baumannii . Publications. All rights reserved.


Abstract This paper addresses how the anonymity of an assertion affects the epistemological dimension of its production by speakers, and its reception by hearers. After arguing that anonymity does have implications in both respects, I go on to argue that at least some of these implications derive from a warranted diminishment in speakers' and hearers' expectations of one another when there are few mechanisms for enforcing the responsibilities attendant to speech. As a result, I argue, anonymous assertions do not carry the same 'promise' of the speaker's relevant epistemic authoritativeness that ordinary assertions do. If this is correct, the phenomenon of anonymity provides us with a lesson regarding ordinary assertions: their aptness for engendering belief in others, and so for communicating knowledge, depends in general on the very publicness of the act of assertion itself.


Surveys with binoculars at two different times of day and in various months of the year, along with camera trap studies of diel activity patterns, were used to inform an appropriate period to count mountain hares ( Lepus timidus) on managed red grouse (Lagopus lagopus ) moorland of the Lammermuir Hills, south-east Scotland. Factors affecting the numbers of hares counted were time relative to sunrise, the presence of winter coat colour and reproductive behaviour in spring. Counts of hares in March and April starting one hour before dawn were used as an index of population size of the mountain hare over three years of observations on three hill-tops, with densities of 23-33 hares km-2. The number of hares seen was stable or rose slightly over the three years despite a partial cull on one of the hills. In support of suitability of the timing of surveys used, camera trap studies revealed that the period around dawn in March and April was associated with high levels of hare activity.


Adaptive control technology is a promising candidate to deliver high performance in aircraft systems in the presence of uncertainties. Currently, there is a lack of robustness guarantees against time delay with the difficulty arising from the fact that the underlying problem is nonlinear and time varying. Existing results for this problem have been quite limited, with most results either being local or at best, semi-global. In this thesis, robust adaptive control for a class of plants with global boundedness in the presence of time-delay is established. This class of plants pertains to linear systems whose states are accessible. The global boundedness is accomplished using a standard adaptive control law with a projection algorithm for a range of non-zero delays. The upper bound of such delays, i.e. the delay margin, is explicitly computed. The results of this thesis provide a highly desirable fundamental property of adaptive control, robustness to time-delays, a necessary step towards developing theoretically verifiable flight control systems. Thesis Supervisor: Anuradha M. Annaswamy Title: Senior Research Scientist of Mechanical Engineering


Pulmonary vein isolation is the main goal of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation to date. Lack of isolation is associated with an increased risk of AF recurrences. Precise navigation to specific target sites, catheter stability and appropriate contact force are requisites for effective radiofrequency applications. Conventional manual-guided point-by-point radiofrequency energy delivery shows limitations to reach them, especially when performed by non-experienced electrophysiologists. New technological alternatives are rapidly arising and becoming clinically available to overcome some of the manual-guided radiofrequency delivery shortcomings. Here, we review the most recent clinical data, potential advantages, shortcomings and future directions of the new ablation strategies for pulmonary vein isolation.


Three techniques for measuring the pulse-topulse timing jitter of gain-switching semiconductor laser were experimentally compared.By experimental investigation,the advantages and disadvantages of these three measurement techniques were demonstrated and listed.It is found that the timing jitter measurement technique based on wide-band sampling oscilloscope is suitable for the measurement of the pulses with wide-band and big jitter,the resonance frequency spectrum analysis technique based on frequency spectrograph is applied to the optical pulse measurement of low repetition frequency,and the phase noise measurement technique based on the phase detector is applied to the measurement of high repetition frequency.It is pointed out that the phase noise measurement technique based on the phase detector has the advantages of high measurement accuracy,big dynamic measurement range and credible measurement result.


This thesis comprises three papers concerning lubricant rheology in two different applications. The first two papers concern refrigeration systems and the importance of lubricant rheology in elasto ...


There are several types of domestic-hybrid mutual funds that apply various stock/bond allocations in efforts to provide full diversification in one portfolio. These "one-stop shopping" funds were initially designed to simplify decision making for long-term investors and pension plan participants. This design was considered appropriate if the benefits of risk-moderating bond allocations were to be fully realized. Later,the more established and successful of these funds were deemed appropriate as core elements of portfolios. Domestic-hybrid mutual funds come in two basic forms:balanced funds and asset allocation funds. Each form focuses on a different approach to stock/bond allocation, and their histories precede their overall label as domestic-hybrid funds.


Inclusive education for young disabled people is a trends, issues and big challenges. Young disabled people have fewer chances to get a properly job as they are more likely to drop out after the first year and to have erratic and longer pathways within the University education. Hence, the aim of the project is to deliver an intelligent model for the university management to easy guide the candidates of disable students in selecting the best subject of their study. The project will be begun with literature reviews and then will be concentrated on the early survey (questionnaire) of the student histories. The information will be analyzed and classified to serve as references in determining of the academic factors. The next step is developing the database of background histories as input system and academic performance as output of the system. The back propagation Neural network (BPNN) will be trained to build the complex relationship between input and output system. Finally, the system will deliver a NN tool to select the best of subject of study based on grade performance and histories background.


Project-based teaching helps the vocational colleges to cultivate skilled and practical talents of high quality.This paper discusses the project-based teaching reform for Garment Finishing in aspects of course content,teaching methods and teaching evaluation,etc.,and explains the specific measures in the teaching reform so as to further improve the teaching quality of the course.


In this study, the relationship between real life and the problems in 6th-grade mathematics textbooks in Turkey and Iran has been examined comparatively. The research analyzed the problems in the textbooks according to the PISA context category. In this study, which was determined as document analysis, one of the qualitative research approaches, the collected data were analyzed by content analysis. As a result of the findings, it was determined that the questions related to daily life in the 6th-grade mathematics textbooks represented in both countries were quantitatively less than the total number of questions. According to the PISA context category of the problems in the Turkish and Iran textbooks, it is seen that the most personal problem and the least scientific and professional problem types are included. It is thought that the problems in the textbooks should be higher to embody mathematics, to enable students to better interpret where and how they should use mathematics in real life and be more successful in international exams. It is suggested that the problems in the textbooks should be associated with real-life situations and more space should be given to scientific and professional categories.


The stocks of soil nutrient and nutrient resorption in senescent leaves and the relationships between them under Fargesia denudata with three densities were investigated in Wanglang National Nature Reserve,Western Sichuan.The results showed that bamboo density influenced significantly on the stocks of N,P,K,Ca and Mg in the soil.The P stock decreased significantly with the increase of density (P0.01),and the stock for D1,D2 and D3 was 0.274,0.222 and 0.158 kg·m -2 ,respectively.However,the stocks of both Ca and Mg increased with the increase of arrow bamboo density,and the stocks of Ca and Mg for D1,D2 and D3 were 2.64 and 1.70 kg·m -2 ,4.42 and 1.80 kg·m -2 ,as well as 4.85 and 2.12 kg·m -2 ,respectively.The differences of N and K stocks between different densities of bamboo community were not significant,and the stocks of N and K for D1,D2 and D3 were 1.10 and 3.19 kg·m -2 ,1.04 and 3.30 kg·m -2 ,as well as 1.06 and 3.19 kg·m -2 , respectively.The capacity of nutrient resorptions in senescent leaves varied greatly with the density of the bamboo community.The resorption ability of P in senescent leaves increased with the increase of arrow bamboo density,and the percentage of P resorption was 45.3%,50.9% and 65.8% respectively.On the contrary,the resorption ability of Ca and Mg in senescent leaves decreased significantly with the increase of density,and the resorption percentages of Ca and Mg were -44.1% and 29.1%,-83.3% and 2.4%,as well as -120.8% and -215% respectively.The resorption ability of N and K in senescent leaves did not vary with the bamboo density,and the resorption percentages of N and K were 71.2% and 78.2%,70.8% and 80.0%,as well as 70.8% and 80.9% respectively.It is suggested that the soil nutrient pool related to arrow bamboo density was associated with the nutrient resorption in senescent leaves.Possible mechanism was that arrow bamboo growth would change soil nutrient pools,and in turn,the ability of nutrient resorption in senescent leaves also feed back to the soil nutrient pool.This reflected the interaction between soil and plant.P might be a main factor limiting the growth of arrow bamboo (Fargesia denudata).


The identification and extraction of two main kinds of components, environment-dependent operations and domain-dependent functionalities, are proposed. A reference information model drives the process by giving expectations of components and their interface data. Two modified definitions of Weiser's slicing are applied to this function recovery problem: direct slice and transform slice. Direct slice is an executable subset of the original program containing all the statements which directly contribute either to the writing on an external sink or to the reading from an external source. Transform slice is also an executable subset including all the instructions which directly or indirectly contribute to transform an external input into an external output.<<ETX>>


1. Statement of results. In the following G is a locally compact Hausdorff group, K a compact subgroup, X = G/K the homogeneous space of left cosets, and C(X) the Banach space of continuous complex valued functions on X which are constant at infinity. (Pt)tao denotes a homogeneous process on X. That is, Pt: C(X)-*-C(X) is a strongly continuous one parameter semi-group of positive, constantpreserving linear transformnations of C(X) which commute with left translation by elements of G. Stated in other words, (Pt)tko is a strongly continuous one parameter semi-group on C(X); f > O implies Ptf >O; Ptl = 1 and LgPt=PtLg where L,f(x)-=f(g-'[x]), fEC(X), gEG, xEX. Pt is represented by a kernel Pt(x, A),


INTROOUCTION: COPD is presently one of the most important health problems. It is the fourth cause of death and the 12th of disability worldwide. Quality of life is a process that is constantly changing; in a sick person it is the result of the interaction between the disease and its evolution, as well as the degree of social support received. OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between the quality of life and social support for a patient suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was carried out of patients with COPD in the pneumology outpatient area of the No. 1 General Regional Hospital (HGR1, from its initials in Spanish) between September, 2009 and January, 2010. 184 patients between 35and 70 years of age were included. These patients agreed to participate in the research with previous informed and signed consent. Patients who were dependent on oxygen or had an additional co-morbidity were excluded. Quality of life and social support were measured using the CRQ and Duke-Unc 11 questionnaires, respectively. Socio-demographic variables were also obtained. A descriptive analysis was carried out and the Sperman test was used with a confidence level of 99%. RESULTS: It was found that quality of life and affective social support correlated at 75% p=0.000; quality of life and confidential social support at 71% p=0.000; and quality of life and overall social support at 83% p=0.000. CONCLUSION: Social support and quality of life in patients with COPD have a correlation which is directly proportional.


The geometrically non‐linear elastic thin composite layer model is developed through the application of the modified asymptotic homogenization method. The set of local unit cell problems and the analytical formulae for the effective stiffness moduli of the non‐linear homogenized plate accounting the higher order terms of the asymptotic expansions are derived. They make it possible to gain useful insight into the manner in which the geometrical and mechanical properties of the individual constituents affect the elastic properties of the composite layer with wavy surfaces. It is shown that in the limiting case of a homogeneous layer of constant thickness the derived asymptotic homogenization model converges to the geometrically non‐linear mean‐flexure plate theory. And the obtained expressions for the mid‐surface strains converge to von Kármán's formulae. The derived non‐linear homogenization model is illustrated by an example of a laminated plate.


The C 4 perennial grasses have many potential virtues as bioenergy crops-high productivity and water use efficiency, multiyear crop cycle that minimizes replanting costs, and wide environmental adaptation. In the productive San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California, these species also confront high levels of ozone (O 3 ) air pollution. It is often assumed that C 4 species will exhibit tolerance to O 3 , relative to C 3 species, based on limited crop yield-loss data and on responses to a contrasting gaseous air pollutant, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). Tolerance to O 3 of high-biomass C 4 crops such as sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) has not been demonstrated. Here we tested the hypothesis that a clone of sugarcane currently grown on a small commercial scale in the O 3 -impacted SJV will exhibit tolerance to O 3 . The hypothesis was disproven. Biomass production declined by over one-third and allocation to roots declined by over two-thirds, over a range of O 3 exposures (4, 58, and 114 ppb, 12-h means). These responses are comparable to responses previously reported for O 3 -sensitive C 3 crop species. Greater O 3 tolerance may be required to maximize the potential viability of bioethanol production using tall tropical grasses such as sugarcane (for sucrose) or energy canes (for cellulose) in O 3 -impacted western valleys. In the case of the locally successful sugarcane clone examined here, the C 4 photosynthetic pathway did not confer resistance to O 3 exposure.


Excerpt There is no totally effective treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis, a chronic, progressive liver disease that most often affects middle-aged women (1). Patients treated with colchicine s...


The paper first gives a tentative theoretical explanation of the concept of media, based on the dichotomies of actual/potential (meaning), form/medium (appearance), and substratum/material content (extension in time and space). This theoretical explanation presents the possibility for observation both of a social micro and a social macro level from a medium perspective. In the next section the paper frames the macro level by a tentative synthesis of the medium theory and the sociological systems theory briefly describing a socio-evolutionary process where new media alter the societal capacity to handle complexity in time and space. In this section it becomes probable that by means of different media, social systems give different possibilities for actual social performance. In a way, social systems themselves can be seen as medium for formation. Finally the paper takes the micro level perspective by applying the theory to newsgroups, interpreting them as self-organizing interactive systems giving a differentiated and diversified scope for social inclusion. The Concept of Media The concept of media is used in nearly every scientific field in these years as a concept for the transmission of signals or even information between a sender and a receiver. Especially after Herrold Innis, the medium theory has been building on the concept of media. Marshall McLuhan (1967) made the medium theory well known with the statement: "The medium is the message." More cautiously, we could say that media create communicative spaces. According to Meyrowitz (1994: 51) media questions are relevant on at least two social levels: the micro (individualsituation level) and the macro (cultural level). The medium theorists have been rewriting world history as relative to different media, e.g. Walter Ong (1982) on writing, Elizabeth Eisenstein (1983) on the printing press, Joshua Meyrowitz (1985) on electronic media. This literature is full of empirical findings and interesting assumptions about the correlation between new media and social phenomena. But although Meyrowitz (1993) is aware of a concept of media as a form of environment that leads us to ask: "What are the characteristics of each medium (...) that make it physically, psychologically, and socially different from other media and from live interaction, regardless of content and grammar choices." (Ibid: 61) this concept is rather latent in his great opus "No sense of Space" where " the term media of communication refers to all channels and means through which information is transmitted among people except direct, face-to-face modes of communication" (Meyrowitz 1985: 331). At least two things are wrong here, first also face-to-face interaction must be seen as mediated; second the word transmitted signals a reduced understanding of communication. Meyrowitz, who is the most solidly grounded theoretician in the sociology of the media theorists, mostly built on Goffman. Goffman is a very important sociologist on the interaction level, but lacks a corresponding theory of society on the more structural macro level, which results in a missing explanation of the dynamics between the micro and the macro level. This is also a problem when it comes to a synthesis between the theory of media and the field of sociology. 1 By Jesper Tække MA. Ph.D.-Student IT University of Copenhagen. Dept. of Digital Aesthetics & Communication http://home16.inet.tele.dk/jesper_t/ e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. This is the second edition of the paper, which was presented in its first edition at the CCC Luhmann conference in Copenhagen May 2003. Medium Theory and Social Systems 2 All in all, medium theory has taken important steps in the right direction to explain the social in relation to media. What is missing is the ability to demonstrate that social structure itself has mediating possibilities. An actual demonstration would show different forms of social reproduction in relation to shifting technologies that underlie communication. The systems theory of Niklas Luhmann offers a sociological theory both explaining the micro level and the macro level including both social evolution and reproduction. The systems theory includes three different kinds of media seen as evolutionary developed answers to improbabilities. Starting from a zero point of evolution: It is " improbable that ego understands what alter means given that their bodies and minds are separate and individual. (...) It is improbable for a communication to reach more persons than are present (...) Even if communication is understood by the person it reaches, this does not guarantee that it is also accepted and followed" (Luhmann 1995: 158). Through media's evolutionary achievements, the improbabilities, according to Luhmann, transform into probabilities. The medium, language, increases the understandability of communication. Through language, the improbability of reaching people outside the present physical sphere is overcome by the media of dissemination; namely, writing, printing and electronic broadcasting. Symbolically Generalised Communication Media (SGCM) answer the question of the improbability of the acceptance of the premises of communication, i.e. describe how communication has effect in a more complex and differentiated society (Luhmann 1995, p. 161). To do this SGCM has to solve problems with combining selection and motivation by employing a semantic matrix intimately connected with reality, e.g. truth, money, power, love, etc. (1986: 19). In this way Luhmann offers an understanding where language, artifacts for dissemination, and social, semantic structures can be seen as different kinds of media influencing the social. When we look at the interplay between communication technology and social structures, Luhmann, although he often writes "after the invention of the printing press" , hesitates, and does not point at a direct connection between new communication technology and new social structures. Even though Luhmann did not work out such correlations, the best hint we find in this connection still comes from him: "if media and techniques of communication change, if the facilities and sensitivities of expression change, if codes change from oral to written communication, and, above all, if the capacities of reproduction and storage increase, new structures become possible, and eventually necessary, to cope with new complexities." (1990: 100). The concept of media not only can, but also must be used in both a sociological and a technical sense at the same time. The technical dimension cannot be understood as a social system in itself, but as a perturbation, disturbing and attracting the iterations of social systems (Baecker 2000). And social systems, as the quotation of Luhmann (1990: 100) hints, and all that the medium theory is about, are strongly influenced by the contemporary media matrix. McLuhan (1967) had the idea that communication technology is like an extension of our sense organs, but in his theory this idea was tied to other more problematic ideas (see Meyrowitz 1985: 21, Finnemann 1997: 4). Intuitively we could see media as a kind of extension of human possibilities for externalization. Following this idea we need an abstracted medium concept, enabling us to explain social systems on the one hand and the technological tools for communication in time and space on the other. All theorizing is a communicative activity and is therefore a social activity; there is nothing communicating outside the social (Luhmann 1995), no Cartesian privileged point from where the social can be directed or explained. That means that the concept of media must be conceptualized as self-referential as a form of communication helping to explain what communication is. New technologies and techniques for communication emerge and influence communication, i.e. they Medium Theory and Social Systems 3 can be seen as new perturbators. The social is an ongoing process and new media influence the societal capacity for handling complexity in time and space. Media is not the message but alters the environment of communication. The introduction of new media itself is a social process. Therefore this article has a paradoxical purpose: to use communication on communication and still find differences that can explain the ongoing social process. The epistemological consequence of this paradox is to build the theory on a matching paradox; that is, a theory with no starting point (an ongoing process) produces differences by referring to itself and to its own construction of an external world. To work out the meaning and the function of the concept of media in this way, and to use it as a thinking tool to understand new media and the social systems emerging in communicative spaces, both at a micro and a macro level. It is necessary to leave the conception of a transmission of messages and replace it with the distinction between form and medium. Perceptual Appearance Fritz Heider (1959) offers a theory of mediation that is compatible with our purpose. According to him we can say that a medium is a loose coupling of elements, e.g. light or sound that in them are invisible. When light waves run through the air, the rays are relatively unaffected by this substratum. But when a solid object reflects them, e.g. a stone, they are coordinated with the object in a special way: you see the stone and not the light. The object can be said to print itself into the medium as a rigid coupling, which is perceptible as a figure on a ground. Heider makes a distinction between a medium plan and a thing plan; so the things are perceptible at a distance only through media, i.e. you can see them, smell them, and hear them. Already at this point of theorizing we have left the idea of transmitting and started on the theory of differentiating. You must differentiate between what is ground and what is figure. Inspired by Maturana and Varela (1980) we can say that perception is not an adequate reflec


considering the strategic direction of the Colombian National Army, the need to increase training effectiveness using technological developments in biomedical engineering is highlighted. This study evaluates brain electrical activity via complex networks in virtual reality situations which simulate military reactions. Results suggest that a high network degree may be related to an appropriate decision-making process, whereas a lower value may be associated with poor performances according to military doctrine. While not entirely significant, some difference is appreciated, mainly between the base period and the event related to subject elimination (p=0.058). The authors also noted the burst suppression pattern when the subject was eliminated. As this is a work in progress, more research subjects are being recruited and more complex networks descriptors are being explored.


A32year oldwoman inher secondongoingpregnancywas seenat 37 weeks of pregnancy for placental localisation. The antenatal period had been uncomplicated and the foetal anomaly scan at 19 weeks showed no foetal abnormalities. Her first pregnancy and delivery were normal and she had no significant previous medical history. An intra-thoracic tumour was noted in the foetus at the 37 weeks scan. No other abnormalities were identified. Further scans suggested a possibility of a cardiac rhabdomyoma and referral to a paediatric cardiologist was sought. The echocardiogram confirmed a uniform echo-dense mass and a small posterior pericardial effusion. This huge tumour almost obliterated the left ventricular cavity. A small tumour was also noted behind the posterior mitral leaflet. The tumours appeared to be attached to the endocardium and it was not possible to see any tissue differentiation between the tumour and myocardium. Cardiac dysrhythmias, foetal hydrops and other anomalies were not identified and the foetus was appropriately grown for the gestation. The nature of the tumour was difficult to ascertain, but rhabdomyoma was the suspected diagnosis. The parents were counselled specifically regarding the implications of cardiac rhabdomyoma (CR) and also the possibility of the child developing tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). An induction of labour was performed at 40 weeks in an attempt to avoid delivery by caesarean section in view of the morbidity associated with foetal rhabdomyomas. However, a boy was born by emergency caesarean section for failure to progress 12 hours later. The immediate postnatal management of the baby required prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) infusion to maintain the ductal patency, intermittent positive pressure ventilation, and diuretic medication. Captopril was also commenced to reduce the risks of cardiac failure. An echocardiogram (Figure 1) demonstrated the presence of four intra-cardiac lesions, but surgical excision was deemed inappropriate as the tumours were infiltrating the myocardium. In view of this, a diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis was made. Further follow-up has demonstrated the child to have Wolf-ParkinsonWhite (WPW) syndrome and intra cerebral lesions associated with Petit mal type seizures necessitating Vigabatrin therapy. Repeat echocardiogram at two years and six weeks has shown the cardiac lesions to have completely resolved. Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 was diagnosed upon identification of a TSC1 gene mutation. The parents expressed a desire not to have further children and they were not genetically screened. A blood sample was obtained from the child to test the mutation in order to enable to test his older sibling before starting a family.


The ECG (electrocardiogram) is a non-invasive system that provides critical data of a patient's heart activity. The adaptive ECG filter will be designed to reduce noise caused by MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) machines to produce a diagnostic quality ECG signal. This project aims to help MRI operators make fewer mistakes by making some of the choices for them. This project also intends to deliver better results than the linear filters that are commonly employed. Some of the most common examples of noise that the ECG filter would need to remove in order to provide useful results includes power line interference, electrode contact noise, motion artifacts, muscle contraction, and baseline drift. Unfortunately with the large number of MRI machines it is almost impossible to teach everyone how to use each of them. This requires us to create a system that works for each user regardless of their experience level. Index Terms — Filter, Data Acquisition, Analog-Digital Conversion, Digital-Analog Conversion, Microprogramming


An analysis of protein variation at 26 electrophoretic loci in the blindsnake Typhlops richardi inhabiting the Puerto Rico Bank revealed the presence of three cryptic species. One, T. richardi, is restricted to the Virgin Islands; the other two occur on Puerto Rico (and satellite islands) and are sympatric. The large and widely distributed Puerto Rican species takes the available name T. platycephalus. The small Puerto Rican species, known from northern and southeastern coastal localities and some satellite islands, is described herein as T. hypomethes. Except for body size, morphological differences distinguishing all three species are slight. Typhlops richardi catapontus from Anegada is raised to species level and T. r. naugus from Virgin Gorda is placed in its synonymy. Thus, the Puerto Rico Bank and adjacent Mona Island are inhabited by seven species of Typhlops: T. catapontus, T. granti, T. hypomethes, T. monensis, T. platycephalus, T. richardi, and T. rostellatus.


If a patient has high fever and lapses into shock, the physician must act quickly and vigorously. While getting chemical studies, blood counts and cultures, he must closely follow vital signs (including central venous pressure) and urinary output. Also, he has to give high doses of antibiotics and curet the uterine contents within hours. If she still does not respond, his next step is to remove the uterus.


NSC KIPT subcritical facility "Neutron Source" uses rectangular tungsten or uranium target of 6464 mm top cross-section. To generate maximum neutron flux, prevent overheating of the target and reduce thermal stress during the facility power operation one should provide uniform electron beam distribution at the target top surface. During the facility design three different possibilities of electron beam density redistribution above the target surface were considered. These were the fast beam scanning with two dimensional scanning magnets; the method of uniform beam distribution formation with linear focusing elements (dipole and quadrupole magnets) and nonlinear focusing elements (octupole magnets), when final required rectangular beam shape with homogeneous beam density is formed at target; and combined method, when one forms the small rectangular beam with homogeneous beam density distribution and scan it over the target surface with scanning magnets. In the paper the all three methods are considered and discussed taking into account the layout of the transportation channel of NSC KIPT subcritical facility "Neutron Source". For the first stage of the facility start-up and pilot operation the fast scanning method was chosen, realised and tested. The results of the beam distribution measurements over the surface of the target during the facility adjustment and start up are presented.


Scanning tunneling microscopy is utilized to investigate the structural changes of AgO chains on clean and carbidic-carbon containing Ag(110) surfaces under UV photoirradiation and CO exposure. Although AgO chains are arranged with the (2x1)structure on both of the surfaces, AgO chains are bundled to make the (2x1) bands on the C-containing surface, whereas they make much larger domains on the entire surface of clean Ag(110). The photo-induced elimination of O in AgO chains ccurs only on the C-containing surface. Kinetics of oxygen elimination by CO exposure are very different between the two surfaces. Oxygen coverage decreases steadily on the C-containing surface with CO exposure, whereas the reaction is accelerated in the lower O coverage range where AgO chains with (nx1)(n≥4) configurations show significant structural fluctuation. Comparison between the two surfaces and simulations based on the Ising model indicate that the acceleration of the reaction originates from the dynamical formation of active O adatoms by fluctuation of AgO chains.


Results: The mean age at diagnosis of psoriasis was 42.2 ± 16.0 years. Nail psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) were present in 66 (29.3%) and 21 (9.3%) patients, respectively. Relapse of psoriasis was seen more among patients with a history of disease exacerbation in winter (P = 0.009) or in rainy seasons (P = 0.031). Systemic therapy with methotrexate and topical therapy with steroids were used in the management of 52 (23.1%) and 72 (32%) patients, respectively. Phototherapy (n = 11) was the most common modality used among the 18 patients with extensive psoriasis. Co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus (P = 0.02) and complications like PsA (P = 0.008) were associated with greater disease durations among the patients.


The invention relates to a preparation method for solid metal alkoxide, which belongs to the technical field of metal alkoxide preparation. Metal fuel and inorganic salt are mixed to obtain mixture; the obtained mixture is subjected to grinding and compounding in a ball mill to obtain high-activity alcohol reaction metal material; alcohol solvent is added into the obtained high-activity alcohol reaction metal material; at the constant temperature or under the heating condition, the high-activity alcohol reaction metal material reacts with the alcohol solvent; and after reaction is finished, distilling and vacuum drying are carried out to obtain the solid metal alkoxide. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the high-activity alcohol reaction metal material can be prepared with a high-energy ball mill method. The active material can quickly react with the alcohol to generate the metal alkoxide. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high efficiency and simple technology, and the obtained metal alkoxide has a high purity.


Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of COVID-19 on routine maternal and newborn health services in three referral facilities in Guinea. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using routine facility data covering two years (2019-2021). COVID-19 effects were quantified using interrupted time series models. The use of services (intra-hospital deliveries and neonatal admissions) and outcomes (obstetric complications and neonatal deaths) were analyzed for the periods before (March 2019-February 2020), and during (March 2020-February 2021) the COVID-19. Results The mean number of monthly deliveries did not vary significantly before and during COVID-19 but that of induced labor increased significantly during COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Also, the monthly mean of neonatal admissions significantly decreased during COVID-19 (167 versus 124; p < 0.001). The mean number of monthly hospitalizations significantly decreased (123 before COVID-19 versus 87 during; p = 0.001). The mean number of monthly neonatal admissions in the pre-COVID-19 period significantly increased. Immediately after the start of the epidemic in Guinea (March 12, 2020), admissions declined significantly (64 admissions, 95%CI 102-27; p = 0.001). The mean number of monthly maternal deaths increased significantly during the pandemic (p = 0.002), as did the number of babies with low birth weight (p = 0.04). In the pre-COVID-19 period, there was a monthly increase of three neonatal deaths (95%CI 1.5 - 4; p = 0.001) but from the start of COVID-19, the monthly trend declined significantly and continued throughout the COVID-19 period (5 deaths/month, 95%CI 7-3). Conclusions The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is jeopardizing efforts to achieve Millennium Development Goals for maternal and child health in urban settings in Guinea. For the country's health system to be resilient to crises such as COVID-19, there is a need for interventions to ensure the continuity of maternal and neonatal care. Key messages COVID-19 decreased monthly hospitalizations but increased maternal deaths in big urban maternities in Guinea. COVID-19 decreased neonatal admissions and deaths but increased low birth weight in referral neonatal units in Conakry, Guinea.


It is diffiuclt for brown rice grain to make standard sample because of its small size and irregular shape,and so its elastic modulus is hardly determined by conventional methods.In this paper,the shaving model of HZ theory and the corresponding data processing method were used to determine the elastic modulus of brown rice grain,and the effects of the moisture ratio of brown rice on its elastic modulus were also studied.


I show that the lensing masses of the Sloan Lens Advanced Camera Surveys sample of strong gravitational lenses are consistent with the stellar masses determined from population synthesis models using the Salpeter initial mass function. This is true in the context of both General Relativity and modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), and is in agreement with the expectation of MOND that there should be little classical discrepancy within the high surface brightness regions probed by strong gravitational lensing. There is also dynamical evidence from this sample supporting the claim that the mass-to-light ratio of the stellar component increases with the velocity dispersion.


Fifty-five isolates of P. antirrhini urediospores were collected from around the world. These isolates were used to inoculate the leaves of 10 cultivars of Antirrhinum majus. Two races of P. antirrhini were identified (α and β). None of the cultivars challenged exhibited resistance to isolates of Race β. Some cultivars were resistant to Race a. Resistance was inherited in a manner consistent with the existence of a dominant, nuclear allele at a single locus.


Although evidence for the evolution of terrestrial species on islands continues to rapidly accumulate, little is known about the evolution of marine species in geographically isolated environments such as islands as ocean currents often facilitate gene flow among populations. In this study, we focused on marine lakes of the Palau Islands, which are considered to be true analogues of terrestrial islands for marine species. To examine evolutionary processes in marine lakes, we conducted population genetic analyses on marine lake and lagoon populations of the striped silverside, Atherinomorus endrachtensis, using two mitochondrial DNA markers differing in evolutionary rate, the cytochrome b gene and the control region. The analyses revealed that the amount of genetic diversity of marine lake populations is much lower than that of lagoon populations and high levels of genetic differentiation occur among marine lake and lagoon populations. The present study has shown that marine lake populations have been completely isolated and have differentiated from lagoon populations, and each marine lake population is experiencing different evolutionary processes. These findings clearly demonstrate that marine lakes are excellent environments for the evolutionary study of marine species.


Experimental studies which have been conducted to develop understanding of plasma processes used for spacecraft propulsion are reviewed. The techniques discussed are calorimetry and volume measurements using the TM 011 and TM 012 modes in the microwave cavity system. The use of plasmas in electrical propulsion and microwave induction is reviewed. Plasma containment, microwave power production, energy distribution, and the pressure and flow dependence of the energy distribution are addressed. The plasma dimensions and their dependence on pressure, flow, and power are considered. 10 refs.


Computational prediction of damage in cement-based composites, as steel fibre reinforced ones, under mechanical, thermal, etc. loads, manifested as creation of micro-fractured zones, followed by potential initiation and evolution of macroscopic cracks, is a rather delicatematter, due to the necessity of bridging between micro- and macro-scales. This short paper presents a relatively simple approach, using certain extension of the finite element technique, open to possible generalizations. Such model admits proper verification of its existence andconvergence results, from the physical and mathematical formulation up to software implementation of relevant algorithms. Its practical applicability is documented on computational examples.


AbstractEcological conservation has long been a hot topic in land-use planning. However, ecological conservation conflicts with economic development in the process of urbanization, which has been n...


Part I. Process Overview: 1. What is performance and why measure it? 2. What does a performance measurement system include? 3. The process of performance measurement system design 4. Summary of phase 1 of the procedure 5. Summary of phase 2 of the procedure 6. Participation 7. Internal participation 8. External participation 9. Process and project management 10. Launching the process 11. Further reading Part II. Selecting a Facilitator: 12. Launching the process 13. The workbook 14. What are our main customer-product groups? 15. What are our business objectives? 16. Are we achieving our business objectives? 17. Have we chosen the right measures? 18. Using our measures to manage the business 19. What can we use to drive performance towards our objectives? 20. Which performance drivers are the most important? 21. How do we know these drivers are working? 22. Have we chosen the right measures for the drivers? 23. Using these measures to drive business performance.


2 ) x2(u)du< c otherwise the equation is said to be of the limit point type. In the ensuing years there has been a great deal o interest in the limit pointlimit circle problem due to its importance in relation to the solution of certain boundary value problems (see Titchmarsh [13], [14]). An excellent discussion and survey of known results on this problem can be found in the treatise of Dunord and Schwartz [5]. Some recent papers on this problem include those of Burton and Patula [3], Everitt [6], Hinton [9], Knowles [10], Wong [17], and Wong and Zettl [18]; additional references can be ound in [1]-[18]. Only in recent years has any progress been made on this problem or nonlinear equations (see [1], [2], [4], [8], [11], [12] and [16]). The purpose of this note is to announce some new integrability results obtained by the author which, when reduced to the case o equation (1), yield the square integrability of all solutions, i.e., the limit circle case as de(ined by Weyl [15]. Complete details and further discussion of the results presented here will appear in [7]. We consider the second order nonlinear differential equation ( 3 (a(t)x')'+ q(t)f(x)--r(t) where a, q, r: [to, c)-R and f: R-oR are continuous, a(t)O, q(t)0, and xf(x)>_ 0 for all x. We will say that equation (3) is of nonlinear limit circle type if every solution x(t) of (3) satisfies


Vascular factors increase the risks of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and they contribute to AD pathology. Since amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits can be observed in both diseases, there is an overlap which impedes a clear discrimination and difficult clinical diagnosis. In the present study, we compared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles of neurodegenerative and inflammatory biomarkers in a patient cohort of controls (n = 50), AD (n = 65) and vascular dementia (VaD) (n = 31) cases. Main results were validated in a second cohort composed of AD (n = 26), rapidly progressive AD (rpAD) (n = 15), VaD (n = 21), and cognitively unimpaired patients with vascular encephalopathy (VE) (n = 25) cases. In the study, cohort significant differences were detected in tau, p-tau, and Aβ1-42 (Aβ42) levels between AD and VaD patients, but not for the neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100B protein, 14-3-3 and YKL-40. Differential tau, p-tau, and Aβ42 levels between AD and VaD were confirmed in the validation cohort, which additionally showed no differences between AD and rpAD, nor between VaD and VE. The evaluation of the biomarker performance in discrimination between AD and VaD patients revealed that the best diagnostic accuracy could be obtained when tau, p-tau, and Aβ42 were combined in form of Aβ42/p-tau (AUC 0.84–0.90, sensitivity 77–81%, specificity 80–93%) and (tau × p-tau)/Aβ42 ratio (AUC 0.83–0.87, sensitivity 73–81%, specificity 78–87%). Altogether, our studies provided neurodegenerative biomarker profiles in two cohorts of AD and VaD patients favoring the combination of CSF biomarker to differentiate between diseases.


This paper proposes a handover extension scheme to support effectively real-time services in Mobile IPv6 networks. The proposed scheme could simplify the handover procedure by using the proposed reserved addresses scheme so that it could reduce considerably handover latency in Mobile IPv6. The performance analysis shows that the handover latency in the proposed scheme could be reduced by minimum 1 second, maximum above 3 second compared to that of pure Mobile IPv6. Accordingly the proposed scheme could be considered as a strong candidate to support real-time services like VoIP in future network based on Mobile IPv6.


Creighton, T (1993, Proteins, 2nd edition, W. H. Freeman and Company, NY, pp. 238–243 only).* Definition of "isotopes' Merriam-Webster Online down loaded on Sep. 16, 2004 from urld>www.m-w.com.* Kennedy et al., 1994, ACS Symp. Ser., pp. 291-302.* Jichlinski, et al., 1996, Pro. SPIE-Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. pp. 340-347. And Jaffe, et al., 1990, Biochemistry, pp. 8345–8350.* Z.Hua et al., Effectiveness of Ö-Aminolevulinic Acid-in duced Protoporphyrin as a Photosensitizer for Photody namic Therapy in Vivo. Cancer Res., vol. 55, No. 8, p. 1723–31, Apr. 15, 1995. J. Wang et al., An Efficient Synthesis of Ö-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) and Its Isotopomers, Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 38, No. 5, p. 739–740, 1997. Internal Search Report. Gibson S L et al; " Time-dependent intracellular accumu lation of delta-aminolevulinic acid, induction of porphyrin Synthesis and Subsequent phototoxicity.' Photochemistry and Photobiology. Mar. 1997, vol. 65, No. 3, Mar. 1997, pp. 416–421, XPO08030491.


IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA CASE NO: 62/11 In the application of: CENTRE FOR APPLIED LEGAL STUDIES First Applicant COUNCIL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN CONSTIUTION Second Applicant and THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA First Respondent THE MINISTER OF JUSTICE AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Second Respondent CHIEF JUSTICE SANDILE NGCOBO Third Respondent and NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS First Amicus Curiae BLACK LAWYERS ASSOCIATION Second Amicus Curiae


ABSTRACT

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the leisure time management skills of medical school students, who were thought to be in great need of good time management in this study.
Methods: The sample of the study consisted of a total of 327 students studying at Konya Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine. A sociodemographic data form and the Leisure Time Management Scale (FTMS) consisting of 15 questions were applied to the participants. The results were evaluated at p


Families on AFDC are often the poorest of the poor. Benefits are not adequate to meet children's needs, though medical and dental help is available, according to this fourth report in a series of six based on a 1984 survey.


Two efficient methods of extracting wheat genome DNA and an optional reaction RAPD system were established.The methods were simple and rapid in etiolations,leaves and seeds genomic DNA isolation,and the optional reaction RAPD system were set up for the assay and usage in wheat by testing and comparing some essential factors.The reaction program consisted of 2 cycles of predenaturation at 94℃ for 3 min,annealing at 37℃ for 1 min,and extension at 72℃ for 2 min,followed by 38 cycles of denaturation at 94℃ for 1 min,annealing at 37℃ for 1 min,and extension at 72℃ for 2 min.The final cycle had a 10 min extension at 72℃. The PCR mixtures of 20 μL contained 25 ng template DNA,0.2 mmol/L of each deoxynucleiotide(dNTP.dATP.dGTPandTTP),2.5 mmol/L Mg~(2+),10 pmol primer and 0.8 U Taq polymerase.


A method for the purification of melanin extracted from squid ink was introduced in this paper. After removing most associated impurities by acid washing and concentrated acid hydrolysis, DMSO was added in order to dissolve the melanin completely, then the melanin was precipitated by adding acetone due to the change of polarity in the solvent system. Finally, recrystallization was repeated for three times and refined melanin pigment was obtained. Besides, the physical and chemical properties of the refined melanin were determined, including ultraviolet-visible and infrared (IR) spectra. The results revealed that the melanin is an irregular high-polymer consisting of indole structure.


THz continuum spectral photometry has new and unique applications in different civil and military areas presenting a number of distinctive advantages on the well known microwaves or mid- to near-infrared technologies. THz sensing is essential to investigate the emission mechanisms by high energy particle acceleration processes. Technical challenges appear to diagnose radiation produced by solar flare burst emissions measured from space as well as radiation produced by high energy electrons in laboratory accelerators. THz filters and detectors have been investigated for the construction of solar flare high cadence radiometers to operate outside the terrestrial atmosphere. Experimental setups have been assembled for testing THz continuum radiation response from distinct detectors: adapted commercial microbolometer array, pyroelectric module, and opto-acoustic (Golay cell). The results permitted the final design of a THz double radiometer using Golay cells to be flown in stratosphere balloon missions.


Bovine tuberculosis (BTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is a chronic debilitating infectious disease with a worldwide distribution. It affects a wide range of domestic and wild animal species as well as humans. In South Africa domestic cattle and African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) serve as reservoir hosts of this state controlled disease. Measures to control BTB are largely based on the intradermal tuberculin test.


X-ray fluorescence(XRF) spectra,ultraviolet-visible light Absorption spectra,differential thermal analyse(DTA),infrared spectra and Raman spectra were used to analyze the component and structure of the rarely yellow serpentine jade.The results indicate that its main component is serpentine.IR spectra shows the Absorption bands at 956cm-1,1080cm-1,3650cm-1belongs to stretching vibration of band Si-O.Tested by UV-Vis,its Absorption is at 363nm,384nm so its color caused by the d-d electrons transition of Fe3+.Heated by high temperature,the serpentine jade losing its water was transformed to forsterite whose Raman shifts are 825cm-1 and 856cm-1.The archaizing results through the heat treatment have a certain significance and value on the identification of antique jade.


The recent advances and wide availability of wireless access technologies and inter-vehicle communication systems are expected to culminate in the integration of different wireless networks such as the IEEE 802.11, 3G/4G, and WiMax, multimedia and sensor networks in the next generation vehicular networks. However, due to high mobility of vehicles, several issues remain to be resolved before real-time multimedia based applications over VANETs become a reality. In this paper, we propose to study the provision of multimedia support in VANET, and present an efficient Path Stability Protocol, which we refer to as PASTA, as an additional module to MAC layer protocols that aims at preventing path breaks between vehicles that are frequently within reach of each other but not necessarily on a continuous basis. We discuss the implementation of our protocol, and report on its performance evaluation using a wide range of realistic scenarios. Our results indicate that our PASTA protocol decreases significantly the end-to-end latency as well as the network jitter.


The Doppler effect for electromagnetic waves results in either a redshift or blueshift of light and is of great use in astronomy. It has been used to measure the speed of stars and galaxies approaching or receding from the earth. Currently, all Doppler effect formulas only work for constant velocities. Hence, the application of the Doppler effect includes the implicit assumption of a constant velocity of the motion during the period from the light emission to measurement. Since the light from remote stars detected from Earth may be from millions of years ago, it is difficult to assume that these stars kept moving at constant velocity for the long period, which may become a potential concern. A time-varying Doppler effect formula is mathematically derived from the principle of constant light speed, which is consistent with the classical and the redshift formulas. This formula is also supported by existing experiments and theoretically proved by Maxwell's wave equations. The potential application of this time-varying Doppler effect formula in cosmology is discussed with the examples of cosmological redshift and Hubble's law. The paper shows that the cosmological redshift can be interpreted as a special case of the time-varying Doppler effect. Further discussion between the observed Hubble's redshift relationship and Hubble's law may be needed.


The invention discloses a device and a method for accessing a portable media player, which are used for improving user experience, improving production flexibility and reducing cost. The device comprises a plurality of input ends, an input device and a control module, wherein the plurality of input ends comprise a first input end for the portable media player; the input device is used for sendinga control signal which can be used to circularly select each input end in the plurality of input ends; and when the first input end is selected, the control module is used for controlling a processorto communicate with the portable media player. The device and the method can effectively improve the user experience, improve the production flexibility and reduce the cost.


The previously published solvent dependence of the electrochemistry of C60 has been extended and reanalyzed. The potentials have been measured against the decamethylferrocenium/decamethylferrocene (Me10Fc+/0) couple, which is much less solvent-dependent than the ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/0) couple, and hence gives a more accurate reflection of the solvent dependence of the C60n-/(n+1)- couples. The formal redox potentials of the C60n-/(n+1)- couples exhibit substantial dependences on the solvent and become more solvent-dependent as the charge increases. This dependence arises from two main interactions with the solvents:  hydrogen-bonding interactions with acidic functionality and electrostatic interactions with solvent dipoles. The strength of the hydrogen-bonding interaction increases as the square of the solute charge due to the increase in basicity of the fullerides. In addition to the contribution of the hydrogen-bonding acidity and the solvent dipoles, the potentials of the C600/1- couple are influ...


The purpose of this paper is to study the limit in L( ) of solutions of general initial-boundaryvalue problems of the form ut =/w−g(x; u) and u∈ (w) in a bounded domain with general boundary conditions of the form @ w + (w) 0, where and are maximal monotone graphs and g : × R → R is a nonincreasing continuous function in r ∈R. We prove that a solution stabilizes in L( ) as t → ∞ to a function u∈ L( ) which satis5es u(x)∈'−1(c)∩g(x; :)−1(0) a.e. x∈ , with c∈ −1(0). So, if for instance −1(0) = '−1(0) ∩ g(x; :)−1(0) = {0}, then a solution stabilizes by converging to 0, in L( ), as t → ∞. ? 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. MSC: 35K65; 35B40; 47H20


Aromatic azo compounds are an important class of raw materials and are widely used in chemical industries. However, current synthetic methods have many disadvantages, which limit their practical ut...


Motivated by the observation of localized traveling-wave states ({open_quotes}pulses{close_quotes}) in convection in binary liquid mixtures, the interaction of fronts is investigated in a real Ginzburg-Landau equation which is coupled to a large-scale field. In that system the Ginzburg-Landau equation describes the traveling-wave amplitude and the large-scale field corresponds to a concentration mode which arises due to the slowness of mass diffusion. For single fronts the large-scale field can lead to a hysteretic transition between slow and fast fronts. Its contribution to the interaction between fronts can be attractive as well as repulsive and depends strongly on their direction of propagation. Based on this mechanism alone, pairs of fronts in binary-mixture convection are expected to form stable pulses if they travel backward, i.e. opposite to the linear group velocity. For positive velocities the interaction becomes attractive and destabilizes the pulses. This is in qualitative agreement with recent experimental results. This new localization mechanism does not require any dispersion in contrast to that operating in the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation.


The approach of risk-based regulation (RBR) wants to make law more efficient. Its aim is to replace prescriptive, deterministic regulations by goal-oriented, probabilistic regulations, based on the criteria of cost-effectiveness and limitation of individual risks. The overall goal is to achieve more safety at less costs. The approach is theoretically convincing and economically reasonable. Its practical implementation, however, raises a lot of technical and legal questions. The project "risk-based regulation" (1996 – 1999) intended to evaluate the practical feasibility of the approach from a technical and a legal view. In this perspective, nine case studies were carried out, i.e.: • Storage and management of explosives (both military and civil) • occupational safety • non-occupational accident prevention (mainly road accidents) • fire protection • transportation of dangerous goods • waste disposal (conventional toxic landfills and radioactive repositories) • nuclear (reactor) safety


Introduction. Investment and innovation processes in the activities of agribusiness entities are associated with many areas of their activities. The use of new combinations of productive forces of agricultural enterprises is an important task in the development of agro-industrial production. The obtained effective results have a positive effect on all areas of activity of the agricultural enterprise.
The purpose of scientific research is the formation of investment mechanisms and institutional conditions for the de-velopment of technical and technological component of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises.
Results. The existence of a deficit of own working resources of production in the activity of agricultural enterprises is established. The importance of the technological cycle as a factor of agro-industrial production is substantiated. The unstable nature of the results of the growth of gross output in agro-industrial production from raising funds was noted. The reasons for the mismatch of the agricultural sector to the existing consumer demand of processing sectors are described. The essence and reasons for the relationship between the development of agro-industrial production and the expansion of investment opportunities of agricultural enterprises are outlined. The tendency to increase the number of agricultural enterprises and reduce the number of employees in this area has been identified. The unprofitable nature of the activity of agricultural enter-prises has been established. The expediency of state support of agricultural enterprises is substantiated. Motivational mo-tives for the development of investment and innovation activities of agro-industrial enterprises have been identified and characterized. Recommendations for the implementation of world experience in relation to state support for innovation of agricultural enterprises are offered. The principles of the state agrarian policy are described. The low level of adaptability of the existing legislative and normative regulation of the activity of agro-industrial enterprises is noted. Measures for the implementation of the modernization course of agricultural enterprises are proposed.
Keywords: agrarian business entity, resource potential, innovation activity, investment activity, state agrarian poli-cy, agro-industrial production.


This paper introduces a new composite joint, which is the composite CFST beam- concrete column joint, and it is more convenient for transportation and erection than conventionally welded joints. The main components of this joint include steel H-beams welded with CFST beams, reinforced concrete columns, and reinforced concrete slabs. The steel H-beams and CFST beams are connected with a concrete slab using shear connectors to ensure composite action between them. An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the proposed composite joint performance. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model was developed and analyzed for this joint using the ABAQUS/explicit. The FE model accuracy was validated by comparing its results with the relevant test results. Additionally, the parameters that consisted of the steel box beam thickness, concrete compressive strength, steel yield strength, and reinforcement ratio in the concrete slab were considered to investigate their influence on the proposed joint performance.


The present work purveys the heat transfer enhancement in the steady two-dimensional viscous incompressible radial flow of Au-Water and Ag-Water nanofluids in the presence of MHD effect between the stationary convergent/divergent channel walls which are permitted to stretch or shrink.
 A uniform magnetic field is applied. The governing partial differential equations of the present physics and their appropriate boundary conditions are initially cast into dimensionless forms to reduce into the ordinary differential equations. The resulting equations thus formed are then solved
 by adopting the Successive Linearization Method (SLM) to get the accurate numerical solution. Solution errors and residual norms are analyzed to elaborate the convergence and accuracy of the numerical solution. The behavior of thermal conductivity of both types of nanofluids is examined for
 converging channel and diverging channel cases under the uniform magnetic field effect. The present results are validated with favorable comparisons with previously published results as the current investigations' unique cases. A parametric study of the governing parameters, namely the
 magnetic field strength parameter, Reynolds number, angle of inclination, and the stretching parameter on the non-dimensional velocity and temperature, is conducted. Analysis discloses that the profiles of the flow are largely impacted by the physical parameters. It is noticed that the magnetic
 parameter deploys an enhancing influence on fluid velocity profile as well as heat transfer rate, and the effect of the magnetic field is less pronounced on Au-water nanofluid than that of the Ag-water nanofluid. The fluid velocity increases as the values of Re increase for both the
 nanofluids in the convergent channel and decreases in the case of the divergent channel. Fluid temperature increases as Re increases for the divergent channel. The velocity of both the nanofluids increases as the angle of inclination of the plates increases.


After checking the identity of numerous mealybugs of the genus Planococcus from the south Pacific, many of which were previously recorded as P. citri (Risso), it was established that the most widespread is the recently described species P. pacificus Cox. P. citri is present in some islands, but the collection dates are recent, suggesting a recent introduction. Although P. pacificus is known from the area since the first quarter of the present century, it may have been introduced also. P. lilacinus (Ckll.) possibly arrived from southern Asia and P. dioscoreae Williams from the eastern part of the Oriental Region. The known host-plants are listed.


The development on Distance Learning through on-line tools is becoming increasingly important at the UCV. This is shown by the interest of some professors on changing their undergraduate programs form classroom education to distance learning, most or the times not knowing the complexity that implies form the pedagogical viewpoint the development of educational experiences in on-line environments of teaching and learning. The aim of this study was to assess the competences of the professor at the UCV in order to develop high quality and certain success guarantee-based educational experiences in on-line environments of teaching and learning concerning undergraduate level at the University This assessment was carried out based on the results of the analysis regarding the current experiences in some of the schools of the UCV, compared to the theoretical model that resulted from the theoretical review of the topic, competence profile and descriptors considered as imperatives. The results will allow in the short term, the draw up of action plans faced to overcome detected weaknesses and protect the strengths, with a view to increase educational experiences from the on-line model at the UCV, without leaving aside the criterion of excellence. Furthermore, the study could provide elements to a future development of a teacher training plan in the area, pursuant to the policies of the Distance Learning System of the UCV (SEDUCV in Spanish).


SHENG Cong- wen claims that literary creation is a free creation of an individual, an aesthetic insight into and a contrast with life, society and ego, and an independent reflection, an objective creation of a subject with life experience. SHENG Cong- wen, with his keen literary intuition and devoting professional ethics, realizes that literary creation stays with the praise of the subjective personality and with the severe involvement of the real subject. His view of literary creation shows the inner regulation of the creation.


THE NURSE DOLLS. The Kurse Dolls have accepted an invitation to the exhibition which is to be held at the Mansion, Victoria Park, Keighley, next Jtine, and they are asked to Blackpool in September. As the proceeds of the former are to go to the Cottage Hospital, it is specially appropriate for the dolls to give their services on the occasion. The Blackpool and Keighley Committees have arranged to re-dress and renovate them. How many of the correspondents who made such kind offers lately to help with the dolls, will assist us instead to add to The Hospital Collection of nursing uniforms ? We want a sample of a pretty and suitable Cottage Hospital outfit, and we shall be glad to hear from any readers who are willing to send dolls dressed in the following uniforms, as we wish to have the collection made as complete as possible : General and


Taking into account the significant impact of tourism on the development of society and the current crisis, the study of factors affecting the speed of its recovery requires great attention. Previous outbreaks of infectious diseases were smaller in scale, so their impact on international tourism was local. In addition, the current state of society has new circumstances. The subject of the study is the modern factors of recovery of international tourism after COVID-2019. The goal is to study the current features of the recovery of tourism after COVID-2019 and to determine the factors that slow it down. Tasks: research on the importance of international tourism, the impact of COVID-2019 on its development and the identification of negative factors for recovery. The method of systematic review of scientific publications on this topic, as well as informative materials of various international organizations, was used in the research process. The results of calculations of relative indicators of the development of international tourism are presented using a graphical method based on Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. Research results have shown that international tourism is recovering after COVID-2019 at a rather slow pace. Quarantine measures, the emergence of a new strain of the virus, economic factors and the war in Ukraine are preventing faster recovery. Conclusions: the main risk for the recovery of international tourism is Russia's military aggression against Ukraine, which has a negative impact on the recovery of international tourism due to flight bans, rising oil prices, and disruption of food supply chains. In the near future, this will affect the decrease in incomes of the population and the reduction of the number of jobs and, as a result, the decrease in the tourist flow. The increase in oil prices requires the transition to renewable energy sources and the introduction of energy-saving technologies. This reinforces the need for greening the tourism industry and requires increased investment, as well as the application of a comprehensive policy aimed at increasing the number of international tourists and expanding the use of clean energy.


Stress analysis of a drill-string, usually thousands meters long slender steel tube with circular cross-section, is a complex problem in a general three-dimensional well bore. Thus numerical method, such as commonly used finite element method, has to be resorted to. When carrying out finite element analysis, the element size of the existing beam elements should be small enough to capture the curve shape on geometry of drill string in three-dimensional well bore as well as to ensure the accuracy of the calculated results. This in turn results in considerably long computational time. A special three-dimensional curved and twisted beams with circular cross-section, which posses 12 degrees of freedom, is proposed herein. The key to success for the proposed element is that shape functions are obtained by ensuring all rigid body displacements and rotations as well as the constant strain state, thus the convergence is guaranteed. The natural (curvilinear) coordinate system is used in the derivations and detailed formulations are given. To verify the formulations, several examples are analyzed by using the proposed element for the static situation. Numerical results are compared well with existing theoretical and/or numerical data in the literature. Based on the results reported herein, one may conclude that the proposed curved element may be used for the analysis of three-dimensional curved beam structures.


The survey of the Iron Age Settlement site at Uppakra, Sweden was part of a larger and continuous project being carried out under the direction of Professor Lars Larsson from the Department of Archaeology, University of Lund. The large size of the site necessitated a thorough evaluation prior to excavation to obtain the optimum information. Investigation and exploration of the site combined research into historical records with prospection techniques including metal detecting and fieldwalking. Such investigation had led researchers to believe that remains of a manor house may exist. An explanation was also sought as to why the extent of the site was defined by the limits of the cultural soils, raising the question of whether the site was confined within a palisade. To locate target areas for excavation, further prospection was necessary. However, the deep stratigraphy of the site deemed any method other than a survey with a fluxgate gradiometer ineffectual due to its ability to detect deeper features compared to other techniques (David 1995, 11). Four areas were surveyed in total with the fluxgate gradiometer, the results of which were not as expected. Very little structural evidence was uncovered although it seems that a number of relict hearths are apparent from the data. The characteristic anomalies over the whole of the site are ditched enclosures or other similar features and, due to their definition, probably later than the settlement. Unfortunately, the large amount of noise may be masking the weaker signals from deeper features within the occupation layers. This would hinder the visibility and interpretation of settlement structures. Overall although the survey showed apparent features it is, in the end, the excavation which will provide the answers to this site.


Surgical excision of all benign vascular lesions of the breast identified by core needle biopsy has been recommended in the past to rule out a more serious lesion. In this study we investigated the clinical, radiological and pathological findings in patients diagnosed with a benign vascular lesion at our institution to assess whether excision may be spared for lesions without atypia.


Abstract— 4‐Amino hex‐5‐ynoic acid (γ‐acetylenic GABA, γ‐ethynyl GABA, RM171.645), a catalytic inhibitor of GABA transaminase in vitro, induces a rapid, long‐lasting dose‐dependent decrease of GABA transaminase activity and, to a lesser extent, of glutamate decarboxylase activity in the brains of rats and mice when given by a peripheral route. The GABA concentration in whole brain increases up to 6‐fold over control values. The action of γ‐acetylenic GABA is relatively specific, as no in vivo inhibition of brain aspartate and alanine transaminase activities could be detected. Furthermore, the amount of radioactive drug bound to the protein fraction of brain homogenate is of the same order of magnitude as that of the GABA transaminase present, as calculated from total GABA transaminase activity, molecular weight and specific activity of the pure enzyme. γ‐Acetylenic GABA illustrates the usefulness of a catalytic irreversible enzyme inhibitor in altering neurotransmitter metabolism in vivo.


Objective To observe if the diabetes mellitus(DM) has effect on retreatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods Select 865 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 55 complicated with DM.All the patients were divided into initial treatment group and retreatment group.Comparison the proportion of 2 groups of patients complicated with DM.Results The patients complicated with DM were accounted for 3.03% of all initial treatment cases and 11.57% of all retreatment cases.Conclusion Diabetes mellitus is the reason of retreatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.


The Jones-Wilkins-Lee-Baker (JWLB) equation of state (EOS) was developed to more accurately describe overdriven detonation while maintaining an accurate description of high explosive products expansion work output. The increased mathematical complexity of the JWLB high explosive equations of state provides increased accuracy for practical problems of interest. Increased numbers of parameters are often justified based on improved physics descriptions but can also mean increased calibration complexity. A generalized extent of aluminum reaction Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL)-based EOS was developed in order to more accurately describe the observed behavior of aluminized explosives detonation products expansion. A calibration method was developed to describe the unreacted, partially reacted, and completely reacted explosive using nonlinear optimization. A reasonable calibration of a generalized extent of aluminum reaction JWLB EOS as a function of aluminum reaction fraction has not yet been achieved due to the increased mathematical complexity of the JWLB form.


The primary purpose of the present study was to make a comparison between Ssireum and Sumo in order to know what factors raised these traditional sports to an important status in each society. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, there were two crucial hypotheses. During the nineteen sentry in Europe, it was asserted that the Olympics games were not associated with political issue. Also, sport was different things from politics. However, even the status of traditional sports in Asia would be variated by the supports of specific groups with intention of power politics. It was also utilized as the methods of disclosing a sense of their superiority to others. For these reasons, unfortunately, the present time of Ssireum and Sumo are still represented by these miserable historical backgrounds.


This paper describes progress on a project to utilise case based reasoning methods in the design and manufacture of furniture products. The novel feature of this research is that cases are represented as structures in a relational database of products, components and materials. The paper proposes a method for extending the usual "weighted sum" over attribute similarities for a ·single table to encompass relational structures over several tables. The capabilities of the system are discussed, particularly with respect to differing user objectives, such as cost estimation, CAD, cutting scheme re-use, and initial design. It is shown that specification of a target case as a relational structure combined with suitable weights can fulfil several user functions. However, it is also shown that some user functions cannot satisfactorily be specified via a single target case. For these functions it is proposed to allow the specification of a set of target cases. A derived similarity measure between individuals and sets of cases is proposed.


There are probably thousands of old landfills in Sweden. Many of those contain recyclable materials, which could be excavated and recycled, but also might state environmental threats due to the large amount of non-recyclable and potentially hazardous waste buried. The present study is a study on two landfills in the municipality of Lund in southern Sweden, comprising of an industrial waste landfill, Pinnemollaparken, and a household landfill, Sankt Hans backar. Potential benefits and disadvantages excavating and recycling the buried waste recycled (so called landfill mining) from an environmental perspective are described qualitatively. A special focus was put on how population nearby the landfill affects before, during and after landfill mining. The results of this study indicate that the largest benefit of landfill mining from an environmental perspective for these landfills is the potential of replacing new raw materials and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Disadvantages are mainly increased emissions to air, water and ground during the excavation period. The extent of the benefit is, however, largely dependent on the actual amount and quality of the recyclable. Landfill mining of the landfills studied will take one to eight years to complete and during this time it will impact the population through noise, odours and traffic. After landfill mining is completed the areas of both landfills are more suitable building houses. As a result, the pressure on exploiting unspoiled areas and highly arable farmland is reduced. (Less)


Public concern about the environmental situation creates strong restrictions on the purity of exhaust gases in various polluting industrial enterprises. A promising method of gas cleaning is the use of pulsed corona discharges. In these devices, short pulses at high frequency allow one to increase the energy input and radical production for subsequent transformation of toxic pollutants (NO x , SO2, C x H y , etc). For a better understanding and optimization of the possible applications of this technique it is necessary to develop models for the underlying physical and chemical processes which are responsible for the removal of pollutants. In this work, we have theoretically investigated the removal of NO and the effect of ethane and propene on NO removal by non-thermal plasma discharges at low temperature (373 K) and at atmospheric pressure. The model takes into account the production of radicals after every discharge and the subsequent removal of NO and HC by radicals. Reaction flow analysis reveals the characteristic differences of NO reactions in the presence of unburned alkanes and alkenes. The results of our numerical simulations show good agreement with experimental data published in the literature.


A research on the academic concern of Chinese full-time students for graduate professional degree is conducted based on 85 journal articles published before June,2012.The statistical analysis is performed in terms of four parameters:the number of articles per year,subject of research,the grade of the journals,and whether it is funded or not.It shows that only a small number of articles get published per year,that most of them are oriented towards theoretical discussion,and that most of them are of low quality.These problems must be solved so as to improve the program for graduate professional degree.


Throughout the various ages, facial expressions have become one of the universal ways of non-verbal communication. The ability to recognize facial expressions would pave the path for many novel applications. Despite the success of traditional approaches in a controlled environment, these approaches fail on challenging datasets consisting of partial faces. In this paper, I take one such dataset FER-2013 and will implement deep learning models that are able to achieve significant improvement over the previously used traditional approaches and even some of the deep learning models.


Initially developed for high-speed optical communication, optical time stretch has recently been adopted for ultrafast and sensitive optical imaging at an unprecedented speed. In this paper, we highlight the essential concepts as well as the enabling elements of this ultrafast technology. More importantly, we review the recent developments of optical time-stretch imaging, especially in the context of 1) quantitative optofluidic microscopy for high-content single-cell phenotyping at an imaging throughput ~100 000 cells/s; 2) all-optical multi-MHz (>10 MHz) swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) for high-speed in vivo anatomical and functional 3-D tissue imaging. We also discuss the current technological challenges in time-stretch imaging. In particular, generating the enormous data in real time, this technology could uniquely create new insights of data-driven science in clinical diagnostics and basic biological research.


Expressive movement and dance are some interpretative dimensions of music which have a high educational value. Between expressive movement and dance there are some areas related to traditional music which are highly relevant for musical education in general. In addition, and besides the educational and affective values it involves, traditional music is an interesting way of getting children familiar with other cultures through their songs, music and dance.


I present an analytical model that challenges the assumptions underlying recent legislative activism that has created what I describe as an excessive system of protection against voter fraud. The data set includes all 3,858 state representative contests in 38 states in the general election of 2006. Partisan control of state legislatures yields one of the most valued prizes in politics: the ability to re-district both the state legislature itself and the U.S. House of Representatives. This model shows that in order fraudulently to elect a single member of a state house of representatives there must be both an elaborate conspiracy and a deep trough of corruption. I argue that it is essentially impossible to create such a conspiracy or to manipulate such a thoroughly corrupt system in the dozens of precincts necessary to create a winning majority for a single house member.


This phase 2 trial evaluated PET-adapted nivolumab (Nivo) alone or in combination with ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (NICE) as first salvage therapy and bridge to autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) in relapsed/refractory (RR) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Patients with RR cHL received 240mg Nivo every 2 weeks for up to 6 cycles (C). Patients in complete response (CR) after C6 proceeded to AHCT, while patients with progressive disease (PD) at any point or not in CR after C6 received NICE for 2 cycles. The primary endpoint was CR rate per the 2014 Lugano classification at completion of protocol therapy. 43 patients were evaluable for toxicity; 42 were evaluable for response. 34 patients received Nivo alone and 9 patients received Nivo+NICE. No unexpected toxicities were observed after Nivo or NICE. After Nivo, the overall response rate (ORR) was 81% and the CR rate was 71%. Among the 9 patients who received NICE, all responded with 8 (89%) achieving CR. At the end of all protocol therapy, the ORR and CR rates were 93% and 91%. Thirty-three patients were bridged directly to AHCT, including 26 after Nivo alone. The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in all treated patients (n=43) were 72% (95%CI:56-83) and 95% (95%CI:82-99), respectively. Among the 33 patients who bridged directly to AHCT after protocol therapy, the 2-year PFS was 94% (95%CI:78-98). PET-adapted sequential salvage therapy with Nivo or Nivo+NICE was well-tolerated and effective, resulting in a high CR rate and bridging most patients to AHCT without chemotherapy. This Clinical Trial is registered under NCT03016871.


Encoders are a physically small component of a complex system that allow manufacturers to make quality parts or move objects from point A to point B in a swift smooth motion. If you break down this system into its major physical components, it includes a motor, a drive or amplifier, possibly a brake, and an encoder. When it comes to mounting, the encoder requires the most thought. This paper explains the spatial, environmental, and mechanical reasons why different mounting methods exist, and how they can benefit the application. We'll also explore what happens when installations are done incorrectly.


MEMS thruster with blended propellant was fabricated and experimentally tested in order to improve specific impulse of micro scale monopropellant thruster and to improve stability of thrust to be better. 90 wt. % H2O2 blended with 25 O/F ratio ethanol was used as propellant of thruster and platinum on alumina support was used as catalyst for decomposition of propellant. Thruster was made by five layers of photosensitive glasses. Four layers were integrated by thermal bonding method and catalyst was directly inserted into chamber before UV bonding process for the last layer bonding. Results of experimental tests showed ethanol blended hydrogen peroxide had higher specific impulse than unblended hydrogen peroxide. Expected improvement of thrust stability due to the blended propellant was found only in the transient state of thrust. Also, unlike the thrust instability of vertical type thruster of previous research, improvement of thrust stability was found owe to horizontal type thruster pattern on glass, despite aspect ratio limitation of glass fabrication with wet etching process. During the experimental test, combustion phenomena of ethanol with decomposed hydrogen peroxide were observed through glass layer and it made fracture on structure of thruster.


With the driving of policies,peasants' income is continuously increasing from 2004 to 2006.It is an arduous task to guarantee the growth of peasants' income,decrease the gap between urban and rural areas and realize the all-round moderate prosperity in the post agricultural tax period.This paper,aiming at solving the difficulty of the growth of peasants' income in a long run,based on the present situation of fiscal policy on supporting the agriculture in finance,analyses the financial reasons of the difficulty of the peasants' income increase,puts forward the fiscal policy of the long and short terms and perfects the fiscal policy of increasing peasants' income positively.


Effect of priming treatments on germination of watermelon seeds under low temperatures were studied during 2006 and 2007. The length of the radical was maximum in seeds primed with T5(KNO3% + Me JA 1.0 μM). Length of radicle increased with increase in concentration of brassinosteroid. Length of plumule, total seedling length, fresh and dry weight of seedlings was highest in watermelon seeds primed with T4 (KNO3 3.0% + BR 3.0 μM). Early emergence has been observed in seeds primed with T5(KNO33.0% + Me JA 1.0 μM). Seeds primed with T5 (KNO33.0% + Me JA 1.0 μM) resulted in higher emergence percentage. Increase in concentration of methyl jasmonate from 1.0 μM to 3.0 μM reduced the percentage of emergence. Vigour index was highest in seeds primed with T4 (KNO3 3.0% + BR 3.0 μM). To obtain higher percentage of emergence under low temperature conditions priming of watermelon seeds with KNO3 3% + Me JA 1.0 μM was effective.


From traditional agro-industrial crops (coffee and cotton) to new agribusinesses (asparagus, oranges, avocados, apples). These dynamics have left room for the small farmers to enter the traditional agro-industrial sector, or into new niche markets as in the case of native cotton. On the North coast of Peru the cultivation of the native and naturally coloured cotton (Gossypium Barbadense spp. locally called algodon El Pais) is part of the Moche indigenous culture (a local pre-Inca population). Since 1949 the Peruvian legal prohibition to produce native cotton, linked to the risk of genetic contamination of the industrial white cotton cultivations, made the keeping of these traditional varieties very difficult. Nevertheless the situation has totally changed since 2008 due to Regulation n° 29224 declaring native cotton as a genetic, ethnic and cultural heritage of the country. This study analyses the economic feasibility of re-inserting the native cotton as part of the agricultural production of 50 farmers on the North coast of Peru, proposing a farm economic data analysis, scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis based on OFAT (One Factor at A Time) methodology: the results attest that in all the productive scenarios proposed (10%, 25% and 50% of the farm agricultural surface growing native cotton) the average farm incomes are going to increase. Moreover the sensitivity analysis attests that also in the worst conditions of a 10% decrease in the native cotton price, the average farm incomes with native cotton are higher compared to the business as usual scenario in all three productive scenarios proposed.


This thesis mainly discusses the economic cooperation in Yangtze-River-Delta Era,which is promoted by the regional cultural conformity.First analysis of cultural integration in the region to promote economic cooperation in the role.Secondly analysis cultural integration of the Yangtze River Delta region and the basis of the status quo.Finally,the promotion of cultural integration in the Yangtze River Delta regional economic cooperation in the four initiatives : forced to build,Cultural industries win,and Cultural Organization and the common prosperity and cultural achievements sharing.


Appearance of police officer at court conform with the stipulations of laws of China, and is not contradictory with legislation on evidence. With the establishment of the pattern of accusation - defense, court imposes a higher demand on accuser evidence. And the parties concerned are becoming more aware of laws, it is necessary and reasonable for police officers to appear at court. This will promote equal protection for the accused, so that the trial of the case will be improved in quality, and the authority of laws is established. The rule of police officer' s appearance at court will be established through change of way of thinking, improvement on laws, restrictions on the categories of cases that require police officer appearance, and specification of startup mechanism of judicial procedures.