Polygamous marriage has now become the public spotlight, particularly INDONESIA. Polygamy is a valid marriage where a husband has more than one wife in the same period, the offender is called poligam polygamy. Polygamy tends to be done by a man entering middle age, is because they are having "second puberty". Much of what lies behind a husband to do polygamy, such as feeling bored with family life, looking for variations in sex, family disharmony, personality, environment and others. Polygamy is also happening in the city of Banjarmasin, the assumption that evolved within the society, that polygamy tends to be hereditary. Not only that, people judge people who make polygamy a social status and self-esteem is higher than monogamous people, giving rise to pride itself for the perpetrators of polygamy. The purpose of this research is to understand the profile actors polygamy. The study was descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted in the Province of South Kalimantan Banjarmasin city precisely with the number of samples were 10 people aged between 45-56 years. Data collection methods used were interviews and graphics tests. It is used to know the background and description of the perpetrator's personality polygamy. The results of this study show profile players concerning polygamy background and personality that includes aspects of emotion, cognition, and social. Known most of the subjects did polygamy because background boredom with the monotony of family life, other than that some subjects also make polygamy is also due to feel able to support two families at once and also because ketidaharmonisan with his first wife. Most of the subjects have the emotions that tend to be unstable is characterized by immaturity in his emotions, sensitive in the sense easily distracted, irritable and more dominated by the id and ego, on aspects of sexuality, most of the subjects felt less confident is related to the problem of manhood that down and have a desire to prove his sexuality by increasing demand. In the aspect of cognition most of the subjects experienced bottlenecks in the process of understanding something (learning process) and solve the problem, subjective, tend to hesitate or not steady, not like criticism and asked for opinions from other people, and doing a lot of fantasies. In his social relations, the subject has an introverted personality in the sense that only focus on themselves, but they are easy to adjust / adapt, likes to be praised and attract attention, lively and humorous.


This study analyses how rainfall (P) event size influences the effect of functional traits on stemflow volume of woody plants in a tropical montane cloud forest. In addition, it was investigated whether multiple regression models based on functional traits provide better predictions of stemflow volume than allometric equations using only basal area (BA). Eighteen functional traits of size, structure, bark and leaf of woody plants in the overstory, midstory and understory were analysed. Stemflow volume was determined to a greater extent by size traits, mainly basal area and crown area, with these relationships becoming stronger as P event size increased. Stemflow volume was also influenced by other traits that affect the efficiency with which individuals produced stemflow. The crown area/basal area ratio showed the strongest correlation with the stemflow production efficiency metrics (funnelling ratio and stemflow proportion). Bark traits had a negative effect on funnelling ratio and stemflow proportion, with a tendency to be stronger in smaller P events, while vascular epiphyte cover showed the opposite trend. Multiple regression models with two to three variables explained 43 to 81% of stemflow volume variation, depending on P event size. For P events <15 mm, the fit was generally better for multiple regression models than for basal area models, while for P events >15 mm, differences among models were small. Functional traits largely define stemflow at the level of individual plants, but this relationship is mediated by P event size.


Mentoring is an activity in community empowerment by placing assistants who act as facilitators, communicators, and dynamists. In this case, service assistance with Pokdarwis in Tuyuhan Village, Pancur District, Rembang Regency. The problems faced by Pokdarwis include the lack of popularity of Maqam Mbah Djumali, no list of attendance books for pilgrims, no genealogy that explains the history of Maqam Mbah Djumali, no Pokdarwis google account and social media accounts, and the location of Maqam Mbah Djumali is not yet available. registered.Based on these problems, the implementing team made a program plan to introduce the existence of Maqam Mbah Djumali, namely by carrying out marketing carried out through online media, making attendance lists for pilgrims, making genealogies that explain the history of Maqam Mbah Djumali, creating gmail accounts, creating accounts. Instagram social media, to registration of business locations on Google Maps.The results of the program implementation by the implementing Team with Pokdarwis are making an attendance list for pilgrims, making banners, creating a Pokdarwis google account, creating Instagram social media accounts as marketing media, and registering business locations on google maps to make it easier to find addresses.Keywords: Mentoring, Pokdarwis, and Maqam Mbah Djumali.


A versatile plant is Murraya koenigii. It belongs to the family Rutaceae. The plant is also known as Meethi neem or Curry Leaf/Kari pataa. India is the plant's native country. The world's tropical and subtropical regions are where it is found and dispersed. The entire plant can be used to treat and cure a variety of illnesses. Beneficial for creating cosmetic and medicinal formulations. The plant has numerous Important phytochemicals, vitamins, and nutrients. Moreover, it has a wealth of nutrients and minerals. Due to the existence of these important chemical constituents (K, S, Ca, Zn, Fe, and Mg), the plant contains numerous minerals. Pharmaceutical effects such as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, hypoglycaemic, ulcer-preventing, and wound-healing Insecticidal, anti-oxidant, hypocholesterolaemia, and helpful for improving memory are some more uses. Anti-fungal, anti-microbial, etc. This study's primary objective was to disseminate information about plants. Advantages/use for pharmaceutical and dietary purposes.


Hypothesis: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most widely known entrapment neuropathy. Electrophysiological procedures e.g., nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are of established value in the diagnosis of CTS and can confirm the clinical diagnosis in the majority of patients. It also detects an incidental finding in some asymptomatic subjects. One must therefore carefully check the test results and the clinical findings before resorting to surgical intervention. However, there are patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of CTS who remain difficult to diagnose with standard electrodiagnostic tests. A variety of NCSs have been employed to demonstrate patients with mild CTS. The lack of sensitivity of distal motor latency (DML) may be due to either to sparing of motor as compared to sensory fibers or to the inability of standard median motor studies to detect an abnormality. Objective: To demonstrate early and mild CTS and compare sensitivity of standard median NCSs with 2 nd lumbrical and interossei latency differences using the same active recording electrode placed over the motor point of 2 nd lumbrical lateral to the 3 rd metacarpal with stimulation of median and ulnar nerves at wrist at equal distances.


We experimentally demonstrate simultaneous demultiplexing of 80-Gb/s OTDM signal by transforming it into WDM idlers (spaced by 1.15 nm), based on a swept-pump fiber-optical parametric amplifier (FOPA), and ~10-dB parametric gain is achieved. OCIS codes: (060.2320) Fiber optics amplifiers and oscillators; (060.4510) Optical communication; (190.4410) Nonlinear optics, parametric processes.


Based on the Reverse Engineering (RE) idea, the development process model of the ceramic products is established. The process and the key technology will be discussed in this paper. The research results prove that development of ceramic products based on RE can shorten product lead-time and improve product quality.


Bacteriocin production is usually proportional to bacterial growth. There is lack of information with regards to time and concentration dependency of the bacteriocin production, and partial oxygen consumption in Pediococcus acidilactici. The aim of the study was to define the correlation among various growth factors of P. acidilactici 3G3 in relation to bacteriocin production within 24 h of batch fermentation process. The results confirmed a strong negative association between bacteriocin production and reduction in pH, but a strong positive association between dissolve oxygen and sugar consumption. Also, it was confirmed that a strong association existed between live cells and biomass concentration through optical density reading of the bacterial culture with bacteriocin production.


Worldwide energy supply is mostly reliant on fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide emissions have caused many negative environmental issues like climate change, air pollution, and energy security. An important alternative to this hazard is substituting the fossil fuel-based carbon energy sources with renewable energy sources. Passive strategies, which are devised to provide thermal comfort in buildings are examples of how to use renewable energies. For this study, a dairy product warehouse in the city of Yazd in Iran was thoroughly investigated. The main goal of this study is to introduce different scenarios, then identifying them based upon optimization of energy consumption. Another main purpose of the present study is to maximize the use of passive energy to meet the cooling needs of a dairy products warehouse in the studied area. Underground temperature is lower than the surface in summer, also it is higher in winter. Therefore, this property of soil is investigated by using nine different scenarios at different heights for constructing underground warehouse for storing dairy products. Clearly, different renewable tools like wind turbine, wind catcher, solar chiller, and different roof designs by Savanah grass, roof pond are also investigated. At first, the cooling load of the warehouse is calculated separately for each season. Then, according to the energy load values obtained, the nominated scenarios are investigated. The results of the comparisons show that the construction of a warehouse at a depth of 3 m from the ground with a green roof covered with Savannah grass helps achieve the best degree of reduction in the cooling power.


As new technologies are advancing and development paradigms are changing, software development process and development methods are evolving progressively. As a result, because the number of developing and managing processes and methodologies are increasing as a project in companies, effective management methods are needed. Especially, because companies should apply optimized methodology according to project's size and characteristics, customization technique of methodology is required urgently. In this paper, we propose a meta-model based methodology framework which can integrate and manage methodologies being developed progressively. Applying proposed methodology framework, a company is able to manage as well as develop optimized methodology easily as a project. Especially, because a proposed methodology framework is developed by meta-model, adding or extending new methodology elements can be realized simply as well as method elements are reused easily in case of customization of methodology as a project.


Marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum producing paralytic shellfish toxins is responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). To investigate its temporal distributions in Chinhae Bay where PSP occurs annually, SYBR Green based Ⅰ A. minutumspecific realtime PCR probe was developed on the LSU rDNA r egion. Assay specificity and sensitivity were tested against related species, and its specificity was further confirmed by sequencing of fieldderived samples. Ten months field survey in 2008 (a total 100 surface water samples) by using the realtime PCR probe showed that A. minutum was detected at very low densities of 1�4 cells L �1 in May and June being spring in Chinhae Bay, Korea.


A study has been perfomed on the superconducting critical current density Jc flowing across low-angle grain boundaries in epitaxial thin films of YBa2Cu3O7−δ. The materials studied were dual grain boundary rings deposited on SrTiO3 and containing 2°, 3°, 5°, and 7° tilt boundaries. The current density in self-field was determined by magnetometric methods at temperatures from 5 K to Tc. We conclude that at the higher temperatures of coated conductor applications, there is limited potential for improving Jc by reducing the grain boundary angle below ∼3°.


The chemical composition of hydrodistilled oil from the fruit residue of Ficus altissima was analyzed for the first time by GC/GC–MS. As a result, a total of seventeen compounds were identified, representing all of the oil. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, esters and alkylenes were found to compose three major chemotype accounted for 64.25%, 26.00% and 9.75% of the oil, respectively. The main components was demonstrated to be dibutyl phthalate(18.14%), n-docosane(7.94%), diisooctyl phthalate(7.86%), n-heptadecane(7.70%), n-tricosane(7.68%), phytane(7.19%). Antioxidant activity of the oil was assessed by the free radical scavenging (DPPH). The study offers theoretic basis for pharmaceutical utilization of the landscape plant F. altissima.


A pRAM neural network was implemented as a classifier in order to identify the symmetry of thermal patterns of the back. This classifier has a clinical value in the diagnosis of some diseases. The reinforcement self-organising algorithm was adopted which chooses the codebook vectors of the input classes in {0, 1}n hyper-space. Five effective features were extracted as condensed representations of the thermal patterns. A three layer 8-input-pRAM neural net classifier was devised and trained with injected gaussian noise. A promising classification result was obtained and compared with that of the linear Fisher algorithm.


Thermal control is one of the most important themes in space package technology such as Integrated Sub-system Package technology. At present the technical solutions reducing heat stagnation are thermal dissipation and thermal cooling. In this paper a novel approach to increase thermal dissipation, based on the use of the pyroelectric materials, is proposed. The pyroelectric materials are able to convert the thermal energy into electric energy spontaneously. This characteristic is employed to increase thermal flux inside the microelectronic units and to reduce the thermal overstocking. In order to evaluate the temperature distribution inside the component a numerical evaluation of the transient thermal problem inside a multi-layered wall electronic device is performed and a preliminary design of an adaptive dissipation device based on pyroelectric material is presented.


The vital organs in an animal are the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, adrenals, and medulla of the central nervous system. These organs have vital functions to perform. It is difficult to decide which organ is the most vital. At some future date, any or all of them may be replaced by artificial gadgets. As the span of life gradually increases, there will be an increasing demand for repairs or replacements. The kidney may be such an organ needing repair and/or replacement. Nature has been very generous to man and animal, because there are 2 million nephrons, most of which are for reserve purposes. In rare cases Nature is overgenerous, so that double kidneys are present in place of one. Occasionally two kidneys may fuse, giving rise to a single horseshoe kidney. Any anomaly of the excretory system increases the hazards of kidney infection and malfunction. Nephrology is becoming an increasingly important specialty. Infections of the renal excretory system (lower and upper tracts) probably constitute 75 per cent of all infections, whereas two decades ago, respiratory-tract infections were the most common. It seems pertinent to present the current knowledge of kidney infections (pyleonephritis) , both experimental and clinical, and raise a number of theoretical provocative questions. Congenital anomalies of the excretory system constitute about 10 per cent of a11 anomalies of malformation. Many conditions induce nephropathies, such as diabetes, amyloidosis, nephrosclerosis, renal arteriosclerosis and nephrosis of various types. These disorders predispose to renal infections or pyelonephritis.


A quench detector is a device that interrupts the flow of current through a superconductor in the event the superconductor reverts to the normal, resistive state. This new design has adjustable filtering and sensitivity. The input is well isolated from the output, eliminating any possible ground loop through the detector. It also has excellent noise immunity. A detector has operated with no false trips for more than two years, detecting hundreds of quenches.


Quantum computing is gaining popularity across a wide range of scientific disciplines due to its potential to solve long-standing computational problems that are considered intractable with classical computers. One promising area where quantum computing has potential is in the speed-up of NP-hard optimisation problems that are common in industrial areas such as logistics and finance. Newcomers to the field of quantum computing who are interested in using this technology to solve optimisation problems do not have an easily accessible source of information on the current capabilities of quantum computers and algorithms. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the theory of quantum optimisation techniques and their practical application, focusing on their near-term potential for noisy intermediate scale quantum devices. The paper starts by drawing parallels between classical and quantum optimisation problems, highlighting their conceptual similarities and differences. Two main paradigms for quantum hardware are then discussed: analogue and gate-based quantum computers. While analog devices such as quantum annealers are effective for some optimisation problems, they have limitations and cannot be used for universal quantum computation. In contrast, gate-based quantum computers offer the potential for universal quantum computation, but they face challenges with hardware limitations and accurate gate implementation. The paper provides a detailed mathematical discussion with references to key works in the field, as well as a more practical discussion with relevant examples. The most popular techniques for quantum optimisation on gate-based quantum computers, the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm and the quantum alternating operator ansatz framework, are discussed in detail. However, it is still unclear whether these techniques will yield quantum advantage, even with advancements in hardware and noise reduction. The paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges facing quantum optimisation techniques and the need for further research and development to identify new, effective methods for achieving quantum advantage.


In most Indian villages and slums, public sanitation remains woefully inadequate, with rampant public urination and open defecation due to public toilets being dirty, too few, or poorly maintained. The authorities expend a huge amount of money and manpower to maintain these public toilets. Nevertheless, all these efforts go in vain as there does not exist a centralized system to monitor the cleanliness of the public toilets, track the quality of cleaning by cleaners. In accordance with this, a system that provides centralized monitoring of all the toilets and provides an interface to the cleaner will be helpful in solving this problem. This paper aims to present an intuitive toilet monitoring system that leverages IoT and Machine Learning. The system incorporates use of various IoT devices, a web server, and a mobile application for the cleaner. The system provides the toilet cleaner and admin with the ability to monitor various cleanliness parameters as well as visualize the future state of the toilet based on past data.


A well-developed ganglion and scattered ganglion cells are present in the intracranial portion of the oculomotor nerve during the first half of fetal life in the ox. In the second half of fetal life a dramatic reduction of the ganglion cells associated with the oculomotor nerve occurs because of spontaneous cell death. Concomitantly, the same phenomenon of cell death is found in the trigeminal ganglion, especially in its rostromedial portion. Free degenerating perikarya can be found in the cavernous sinus.


The existence of the passivation layer is the major difference between the ELID grinding and the normal grinding.The passivation layer makes a very important part in the ultraprecision mirror grinding with ELID method.In this paper,the changes of the passivation layer's state,indicated by the electric current,have been analyzed in every phase of ELID grinding.


The effective minority carrier lifetime in extrinsic ∼17‐μm‐thick n ‐type InAs epilayers with 1.1×1015/cm3 donor impurities, grown by chemical vapor phase procedures on semi‐insulating GaAs, was determined to be τe(77°K)=3.18 μsec. It is assumed that the lifetime of carriers is limited by bulk Auger recombination and by surface recombination. The calculated surface lifetime, τS=3.19 μsec, dominates the bulk Auger recombination lifetime, τA=7.67×10−4 sec in VPE layers. In liquid phase homoepitaxially grown InAs epilayers of comparable thickness with donor impurities Nd=2.9×1016/cm3 the calculated 77°K effective lifetime is τe=0.87 μsec; it is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of τS and of the calculated τA(77°K)=1.2 μsec, in good agreement with the measured τe=0.85 μsec.


SUMMARY In this study, the amount of core participation in rotational accelerations of the mantle is used to infer the strength of core‐mantle coupling at various tidal periods. Determining the role of the core in rotational fluctuations depends on our ability to quantify the contributions by the oceans, solid earth and atmosphere to the rotational signals. At lunar tidal nine-day and fortnightly periods, estimates of core participation are taken from the analysis of length-of-day data by Dickman & Nam (1995), which incorporated theoretical predictions of the oceanic and solid-earth contributions. Maximum torques at these two periods consistent with observation are estimated to be 1.5r10 16 and 2.4r10 17 N m, respectively. At seasonal periods, a novel approach is presented that employs time-dependent gravitational data to quantify all of the mass redistributions that excite seasonal changes in the length of day. Combined with rotational data, our efforts to constrain core participation meet with only limited success at the annual period, as a result of larger-than-optimal uncertainties in both the gravity data and especially the rotational signal. Because those error bars should improve over time, our gravitational approach can eventually be expected to provide useful bounds on annual axial torques between the core and mantle. At the semi-annual period, in contrast, all uncertainties are much smaller but the gravity data are not yet reliable.


Izumiyama pottery stone occurs in the vicinity of Arita-cho locating in north Kyushu area. The mass deposits composed of quartz and sericite containing an extremely small amount of pyrite and alum, and partly bring with orthclase, albite and kaolinite.The radial distribution of companion minerals form approximetely a concentric circles, the center of the mass being rich in feldspar near the surface, and in sericite near the center. These change reflects on the thermal properties of the stone.The chemical composition of sericite belongs, in this case, to the type in which the amount of the exchange of K2O by H2O is small. Hence the pottery stone has low refractivity.


There is a growing concern both in the academia and at the social level about the limitations of the traditional (neoclassical) business model in order to create and distribute social wellbeing, take care of the environmental issues and foster human dignity. In this paper we will contrast in the first place the traditional theory of the firm with the stakeholder theory. Secondly, we will analyze six emerging business models (B-Corps, blue economy, economy of communion, solidarity economy, the economy for the common good, and the social economy) and explore their compatibility with the stakeholder theory. Finally we will use a fuzzy Delphi analysis to compare the theoretical basis of those six emerging business models with the opinions of a panel of experts about their current performance.


Abstract The Bayesian network based probability model is very new to the field of business management. Its use for risk assessment to predict the supply chain disruption and their consequences on the supply chain goals is very limited. The purpose of this research, is to develop a risk assessment tool to assess and to determine the risk exposure faced by a supply chain. In a global economy with ever-growing competition the firms are facing uncertain disruptions in their supply chains that further dent their brand value. The proposed probabilistic model that updates itself in the light of new evidences and calculates marginal probabilities for all risk variables and supply chain goals through conditional probability tables. The proposed model empowers the supply chain managers to predict the chances of any disruptive risk factors in the supply chain.


The aim was to determine associations between duration of computer use and musculoskeletal disorders among computer users. The objectives are: to identify the duration spent using the computer at the workplace; to determine musculoskeletal disorders on the computer users and to identify the condition of the office space. A total of 85 administrative staffs were randomly sampled for the study. A well-structured questionnaire was used for collecting data. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data in the form of frequencies and means. Logistic regression analyses on 85 full-time working employees showed that working almost the whole working day with a computer was associated with computer vision syndrome (which consists of eyestrain, tired eyes, irritation, redness, blurred vision, and double vision), headaches and backache recording very high mean scores as 4.73, 4.66, and 4.28   respectively. An excessive heat and or poor/inadequate lighting in the offices affect the computer users. The conclusions drawn from this study is the furniture used must be designed to reduce the musculoskeletal disorders of computer users. Ventilation and lighting systems must be provided in the offices to help save the eye sight and the general well-being of the administrative workers who constantly use the computers.Keywords: Musculoskeletal, Ergonomics, Disorders, Duration, Computer users


There would be no objection among economists to the view that the two most serious economic problems of the 20th century were the Great Depression of the 1930s and the financial crises of the late 1980s to early 1990s in the United States, Europe, Japan, and newly industrialized East Asian countries. Of course, the former was really the great depression— the deepest worldwide depression, which inflicted immense damage not only upon the United States but also the entire world. However, the current depression in Japan is not the type of recession that is part of ordinary business cycles, which Japan has experienced several times since the end of World War I.


Abstract In this paper a separation process for hydrocarbon molecules is suggested, based on solubilization in aqueous solutions by surfactant micelles. A molecular thermodynamic approach to solubilization is formulated which relates the extent of solubilization and the selectivity to the structure and properties of the surfactant and of the solubilizate molecules. An evaluation of the solubilization characteristics of benzene and hexane in aqueous solutions of non-ionic octyl glucoside, anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate and cationic cetyl pyridinium chloride is made and solubilization phase diagrams for the above systems are constructed. These diagrams indicate the formation of micelles at concentrations which are lower than the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant alone. The calculations predict, for all three surfactants, preferential solubilization of (aromatic) benzene compared to (aliphatic) n-alkanes. The preferential solubilization of benzene is caused by its smaller molecular volume and ...


A solution heat-treated, cold-water quenched experimental aluminum alloy was subjected to two sequential mechanical treatments: an 11.5 % reduction by cold rolling followed by a 1.25 % cold stretching. The layer-removal and hole-drilling strain-gage methods of residual stress analysis were used, independently, to quantify both the changes in residual stresses produced by cold rolling and the reduction of stress produced by cold stretching. The initial residual stress condition, surface compression with mid-plane tension, was reversed by the cold rolling mechanical treatment to a condition of tensile surface stresses with mid-plane compression. Cold stretching produced a marked reduction in the magnitudes of the cold-rolling-induced residual stress. The independent experimental results of the layer-removal and hole-drilling strain-gage methods corroborated the effectiveness of stretching as a method for reducing residual stresses.


The purpose of the research in this movie is to determine the cause of verbal bullying and the effect of verbal bullying in the movie The Greatest Showman, directed by Michael Gracey. This method of research uses a qualitative approach. To analyze the movie the writer watched the movie several times and used the theory of books or online journals. In The movie The Greatest Showman there is a verbal violent scene such as (1) Taunting (2) A feeling of resentment (3) Hostility (4) Contempt. While the effect of bullying against victims is (1) Decreasing confidence (2) Feeling intimidate (3) Feeling isolated (4) Prolonged depression (5) Feeling dissimilar (6) Feeling stress. The results of this research are (1) the cause of verbal bullying are hostility,A sense of lack od confidence anf attentian seeking, A feeling of resentment, the Negative influence of media.(2) The Effect of bullying are Feeling disimilar and Decreasing confidence .


Measuring freeze-thaw (F/T) changes over land plays a crucial role in various climate, ecological and hydrological processes. Active and passive microwave measurements of land surface have shown a potential to monitor land surface F/T conditions. Especially at L-band, the measurements have previously been shown to be effective in estimating soil freeze-thaw. In this work we plan to look at the GNSS-R reflections over land, captured by the CYGNSS observatories, for this purpose. Though CYGNSS constellation was initially developed for ocean surface roughness measurements, it has shown sensitivity to changes in soil moisture over land, thereby making it a potential candidate for observing freeze-thaw transitions as well. We plan to look for changes in signal SNR during Freeze-thaw transitions due to the changes in the dielectric property of the surface during those events and develop machine learning based empirical regression models to understand the relationship between F/T events and GNSS-R reflections.


The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA prevalence in oral rinses and/or HPV‐specific antibody levels in the sera of patients with oral/oropharyngeal cancer have prognostic significance. One hundred and forty‐two patients with oral/oropharyngeal tumors were enrolled. The presence of HPV DNA was assayed in tumor tissue and oral rinses and HPV‐specific antibodies were assessed in the sera. Oral rinses were collected before treatment and one year after the treatment. Sera were drawn before treatment, one month, and one year after the end of the treatment. Altogether, 59.2% of tumors were HPV positive. The presence of HPV DNA in the tumors correlated with HPV DNA positivity in oral rinses and with HPV‐specific antibodies in the sera. Out of 66 patients with HPV‐positive oral rinses at enrolment, 84.8% became negative at one‐year follow‐up, while most patients remained seropositive for HPV‐specific antigens. However, the mean titers of HPV16 E6 and/or E7 antibodies at follow‐up were significantly lower. Of 16 patients with recurrences at follow‐up (alive on second sampling), six were positive at enrolment for HPV16 E6 and/or E7 antibodies. In five of these, no decrease in antibody levels was observed. Titers of antibodies specific for HPV16 capsid antigens did not change during the follow‐up. Our data suggest that the detection of antibodies specific for the HPV 16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins may serve not only as a marker of HPV etiology, but also as a marker of recurrence and a prognostic indicator in patients with HPV‐positive tumors.


the water molecules increases less with the addition of each new water molecule, as would be expected. The prediction of some charge transfer seems in accord with a recent orbital analysis of t4e water dimerz1 and earlier suggestions by Klem- perer?2 It is also invoked as an explanation of the failure of small basis set ab initio calculations to predict bifurcated structures.lb


This study was aimed to investigate issues associated with the education rights of children in international and non-international armed conflict and the influence of armed conflict on educational staff and facilities in war-torn countries. Relevant international conventions are reviewed to evaluate their effectiveness in curbing the influence of armed conflict on children's education. The study highlights the importance of international humanitarian law (IHL) in inhibiting attacks against students, educational staff, and educational facilities during armed conflict. It also reviews conventional and non-conventional methods of protection and suggests ways in which IHL may be clarified and developed to enhance the supervision of the provision of education during armed struggles. The article concludes that it is necessary to have specific international conventions, oversight bodies and relevant educational obligations in order to guarantee law enforcement and require countries or member states to implement articles or provisions properly so as to improve and reinforce the education rights of children whose lives are impacted by armed conflict. In emergency situations, legal provisions constitute a vital protective measure.


Coreset selection, which aims to select a subset of the most informative training samples, is a long-standing learning problem that can benefit many downstream tasks such as data-efficient learning, continual learning, neural architecture search, active learning, etc. However, many existing coreset selection methods are not designed for deep learning, which may have high complexity and poor generalization performance. In addition, the recently proposed methods are evaluated on models, datasets, and settings of different complexities. To advance the research of coreset selection in deep learning, we contribute a comprehensive code library, namely DeepCore, and provide an empirical study on popular coreset selection methods on CIFAR10 and ImageNet datasets. Extensive experiments on CIFAR10 and ImageNet datasets verify that, although various methods have advantages in certain experiment settings, random selection is still a strong baseline.


When the high power ultrasonic electrical signal is transmitted via special cable, the power loss is relatively large. To solve the long distance transmission problem of high power ultrasonic electrical signal, the 4294A impedance analyzer is used to do a more detailed test for single core cable. By changing the load resistance of the cable, a series of curves which describe the differences of input impedance changing with frequency are obtained. When the load resistance is relatively low, the input impedance of the cable is very high at some specific frequencies. Then the transmission efficiency of the power is very low. While the load resistance is relatively great, the position of frequency, at which the input impedance of the cable reaches the maximum, changes. With the aid of the reflection and transmission characteristics of electromagnetic wave at the load end of the cable, the results of these experiments are analyzed in detail, and the influence of these experiments on the transmission characteristics of the high power ultrasonic power is discussed. Finally, according to the experimental results, the design principles of the high power ultrasonic transmission cable are brought out.


Abstract Background Social dysfunction is a hallmark characteristic of schizophrenia, and individuals with this disorder often report difficulty navigating daily social interactions. Perceptual deficits, such as faulty visual attention to important aspects of social stimuli (i.e., failing to look at the most relevant portions of a stimulus), may be one mechanism by which social deficits arise. Faulty modulation of specific neural regions such as the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), may underlie visual attention abnormalities, and may act as suitable targets for neurostimulation. The current study utilizes neurostimulation to experimentally manipulate specific neural networks and determine whether stimulation 1) improves visual attention, 2) improves performance on social cognitive tasks, and 3) whether altered visual attention moderates this improved performance. Methods Using a double-blind crossover design, participants underwent both active and sham stimulation via tDCS approximately one week apart. Half of the participants received active and sham stimulation of rTPJ (n = 22), while the other half received active and sham stimulation of a comparator site within the social brain network (dmPFC, n = 23). After stimulation, visual attention was assessed through concurrent eye-tracking while participants complete several tasks of social cognition (emotion recognition: ER40, BLERT; Theory of Mind: TASIT). Visual attention was determined as the proportion of time spent attending to socially and contextually important AOIs. Results Data collection and data processing are still ongoing for this study, however planned interim analyses on a subset of the total sample (n = 45) indicate small to medium effects of active stimulation to the rTPJ compared to sham and dmPFC stimulation for both visual attention (ηp2=.035) and social cognitive performance on the BLERT task (ηp2=.067), specifically. These same effects are not seen in the other social cognitive tasks. Final analyses based on a sample size of 72 individuals are expected to be complete prior to presentation at SIRS 2020. Discussion This study is the first, to our knowledge, to target this neural region within schizophrenia for the purposes of improving visual attention and, subsequently, social cognition. Should the pattern of results from our interim analyses hold after completion of data collection, results indicate that active stimulation to the rTPJ has a unique impact on dynamic emotional stimuli, improving visual attention and accuracy in emotion recognition, suggesting a primary role of the rTPJ and visual attention in performance on this task. The intricate design of this study allows for thorough investigation of potential mechanisms by which social cognitive deficits develop, and the use of novel experimental techniques align with the theme of this year's conference.


There is a growing concern regarding fewer awareness and limited utilization of ayurvedic medicines and treatments in its own country of origin. Previous literature has focused on consumer awareness and preference in general but not specifically by gazing the views of ayurvedic practitioners. The present work is an application of both quantitative and qualitative research design. As the study aimed to pore over perceptions of Government ayurvedic practitioners regarding patients' (is used interchangeably with consumers) awareness, opinion and degree of reliance in ayurvedic medicines and treatments. The study consolidated views of (N=62) Government ayurvedic practitioners. The result indicates that though trust, reliability and demand for ayurveda has increased recently, but still, majority of patients are aware of only the name of ayurveda, they don't have any basic knowledge of ayurveda and its treatment. Number of regular patients is more compare to first time users. Tablet form of medicine is most preferred among patients. Moreover, they prefer to follow ayurvedic treatments to cure normal and chronic ailments as well.


Aim: To verify the degree of dependency on nursing care on the part of hospitalized elderly inside a clinical practice unit by using the Perrocas' System for Patient  Classification.  Methods:  a  cross  sectional  study,  undertaken  with  112  elderly patients  in  a  clinical  practice  unit  at  a  teaching  hospital  at  Joao  Pessoa/PB.  Results: It was observed that most elderly patients presented a high level of dependency on nursing care. A statistically significant association between high dependency levels and the socio-demographic  variable  of  previous  occupation  was  identified.  Conclusion:  the  empirical results obtained in this research are crucial to our understanding of the dependency of elderly  hospitalized  in  clinical  practice  units,  as  well  for  the  development  of  similar studies focusing on elucidating this dependency in order to help improve elderly patients' quality of life.


2,4-D Corn and Soybeans: Bad for Agriculture, Bad for the Environment, Bad for Health The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is on the verge of allowing into cultivation the latest round of genetically engineered (GE) crops –corn and soybeans engineered to be resistant to the highly toxic herbicide 2,4-D. The agency released its draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) last December for public comment, announcing its plan to deregulate these crops. This is a devastating decision for farmers, the environment, and public health. 2,4-D, one ingredient in the deadly Agent Orange that was used to defoliate forests during the Vietnam war and the cause of severe illness in exposed veterans, will now enter the environment at elevated rates as integral to a cropping system that uses 2,4-Dtolerant engineered crops. This, despite decades of science showing that this chemical is highly toxic, linked to numerous shortand long-term health and environmental impacts.


Summary form only given. In our scheme, singly ionized lithium ions produced by a ns-KrF laser pulse are further ionized to a fully stripped state by a sub-ps KrF laser pulse (0.5 ps, 50 mJ) at 10/sup 17/ W/cm/sup 2/. We obtained extremely cold electron temperature of less than 1 eV. However, the ATI mode predicted much higher average electron energy of 26 eV than that measured experimentally.


The steel and concrete are commonly used materials in civil engineering structures. The concrete members have the merits of high compressive strength and stiffness, while, the steel members have the merits of high tensile strength and ductility. Therefore, the composite members combine both steel and concrete to produce a member that has the useful characteristics of both materials. Composite columns find great use in challenging structures and the Concrete-Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns are the most common type of composite columns.
The use of CFST columns is becoming a significant solution in construction due to their inherent advantage especially under seismic loads. Where, it provides an increase in the load carrying capacity, economy and rapid construction, and thus additional cost saving. The steel tube confines the concrete core, providing a highly ductile response under compression and a high energy absorption capacity. The presence of infill concrete improves the local buckling of steel tube. The CFST column has been used primarily in bridges, reservoirs, and tall buildings. Circular CFST column have advantages in comparing with other sections, where provides much more confinement to the concrete due to the improvement in the composite action between steel tube and concrete and have a large uniform flexural stiffness in all directions. Depending on the material and geometrical properties, capacity calculations of the design specification formulations lead to discrepancies. To project the differences between the most popular design specification solutions a computational study is undertaken by employing ANSI/AISC 360 – 10, the Eurocode 4, AS 5100.6, and AIJ 2001.
This study aims to investigate the differences between these design codes approaches for circular CFST columns under axial load and to evaluate how they model the real column behavior through a series of statistical comparisons. Also, the parameters which are used in design specification calculations steps are assessed. The important parameters in calculations will also be specified to underline the best method in the design field.


Several theories of international migration have emerged to explain and predict the patterns created by the international flows of people. While used as an explanatory tool for other sociological phenomena, world-systems analysis has also emerged as a dominant paradigm through which international migration may be explored. In April 2008 Fairfield University in Fairfield, CT hosted the thirty-second annual conference of the Political Economy of the World-System section of the American Sociological Association. The theme was Flow of People and Money across the World-System: Past, Present and Future. The collection of papers presented at this conference was academically rich and produced a wealth of scholarship, some of which is presented in this issue. Vernengo and Bradbury examine the risks associated with dollarization in Ecuador, arguing that although these risks are minimized by the influx of migrant remittances into the country, the trend remains unstable and unsustainable, as was evident in Argentina. Rocha deconstructs the optimistic visions that present remittances as an opportunity for developing countries, instead arguing that they are part and parcel of a process of economic imperialism. Dick and Jorgenson focus on environmental consequences of foreign investment dependence for less-developed countries and how various types of ecological degradation can contribute to mass migration. Kentor, Sobel and Timberlake discuss the hierarchy of global cities through which so much money flows back and forth, and specifically the spatiality of inter-corporate integration in the global economy such as the spatial distribution of intra-firm corporate headquarter-subsidiary networks operations and centrality in transportation networks. Lastly, Degirmen presents a case study of globalization of capital in Turkey and how interest and exchange rate shocks produced particularly interesting effects on capital and liquidity structures.


Surabaya Orthopedic and Traumatology Hospital (RSOT) is a type C hospital that has central surgical installation as their core bussines. In period of first semester 2013, there was a high numbers of the canceled patient for operation (0.46). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop recomendations of strategy, tactic and marketing value based on the new wave marketing. Method: This was an observational research conducted cross sectionally in May 2014. The technique for collecting data was questionnaires and in depth interview. Study population: Study population was 2 groups. The first group was the patient that operation in the central surgical installation in RSOT. The second group was the patient that cancelled operation in the central surgical installation in RSOT. Totally sample was 43 people. Analysis: Model are new wave marketing. Result:. The results showed that strategy divided into communitization, confirmation and claryfication. Tactic divided into coding, new wave marketing mix crowd combo (co creation, currency, communal activation and conversation) and commercialization. Value divided into character, caring and collaboration.

Communitization of patient in RSOT are difficult to be mapped due to the varians, so that the confirmation in RSOT are difficult to be done in patient comunities. Claryfication in RSOT are not match with claryfication in operating rooms RSOT.

Coding in RSOT are the way of pay for hospital fee and the clear information beetween hospital fee and orthopedic operation quality. Co creation divided into the orthopedic operation and the support services. Currency is giving hospital fee in accordance with the co creation. Communal activation is mobilize community activists. Conversation are seminars, website and print media. Commercialization is to invite the patient in RSOT's community events.

Character is RSOT as an orthopedic splecialized hospital. Caring is patient assisted by a special officer to fullfield their needs and expectations. Collaboration is the cooperation with private insurance.

Conclusion: The recommendations are the implementation of new wave maketing based on technology and community so that the high number of canceled patient could be reduced.


In this study, adoption decisions refer to use of new technologies. A farmer is defined as an adopter if he uses at least one of the tef or wheat improved varieties with or without fertilizer and herbicide, otherwise a non-adopter. Based on their use of improved varieties farmers were classified as adopters and non-adopters. Adopters were classified again into partial adopters (farmers using improved variety with fertilizer or herbicide) and full adopters (farmers using improved variety with fertilizer and herbicide). Sequence of adoption refers to stepwise use of components of a package of a new technology.


Objective To establish and optimize the extraction technology of emulsin from Armeniacae Amarum Semen using smashing tissue extraction method. Methods These factors, such as ammonia concentration, the amount of extract, extraction time, terminal point pH value of counteraction, and the volume fraction of ethanol for precipitation influencing on the extraction process of smashing tissue extraction were investigated by using total enzymatic activity of emulsin as index. The specific enzymatic activity of emulsin was determined by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, and the total enzymatic activity was calculated. Results The optimum extraction conditions were as following: 50.0 g powder of defatted Armeniacae Amarum Semen was extracted with 500 mL 0.062 5 mol/L pre-cooling ammonia for 120 s. The mixture was filtrated by gauzes and the residue was extracted with 450 mL extract for 90 s again. Collected the filtrate, adjusted its pH value to 4.0 by acetic acid, filtered hybrid protein, and precipitated the emulsin by four times the amount of ethanol. Conclusion The smashing tissue extraction is used to improve the extraction technology of emulsin from Armeniacae Amarum Semen for the first time, and the conditions of the new technology are optimized by determining the specific activity of emulsin. The results show that smashing tissue extraction has the advantages of short time, simple operation, and higher enzymatic activity, which is better than traditional extraction method.


This chapter deals with a scientific attitude and job involvement of primary school teachers in their teaching effectiveness. The teachers play the most vital and essential role in the development of the whole educational system. There are many qualities, duties and responsibility for teachers to society development. Because without student or man or teacher there was no exists any society. In the other sense educational development means society development also. Teachers have to teach effectively and motivate their students on the field of education. In the words of Mathur (2002),"No system of education, no syllabus, methodology, no text books can rise above the level of its teachers. If a country wants to have quality education it must have quality teachers and teaching effectiveness". Due to the help of the quality of a teacher their job satisfaction, they were keep proper balance in educational process and their mind and life also. Without the balance they can't get any kind of pleasure or satisfaction in their job involvement. It is ensuring with getting satisfaction teaching process and educational process runs smoothly also effectively.


The Hajj season saw thousands of Muslim pilgrims performing one of the five pillars of Islam, congregating in the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia for the annual pilgrimage – the Hajj. The Islamic practice is compulsory for all Muslims who have the physical and financial resources to undertake the journey. It is an obligation for all Muslims to carry out at least once in their lifetime. Thus, having good health is paramount as it not only helps smoothen the flow of the whole pilgrimage process but also ensures a safe journey of devotion towards Allah the Almighty. Hence, this research paper aims to improve the standard operational procedure set by Lembaga Tabung Haji (The Hajj Pilgrims Fund Board) for the pilgrims. This paper also seeks to evaluate the content design of the standard operational procedure by Lembaga Tabung Haji for the pilgrims under their care. This study will adopt Value Management System (VMS) framework to improve the standard operational procedure set by Lembaga Tabung Haji. The methodology to be used is by qualitative approach through information gathered from interviews to be conducted among the pilgrims who have performed the Hajj for the past 2 years and also the first timers. The interviews will be conducted with approximately 50 Hajj pilgrims using open-ended questions. Data analysing will be gathered using thematic analysis. The significance of this research paper is it will hopefully encourage Lembaga Tabung Haji provide better health care services for all hajj pilgrims under its organization. It is also hoped the research would increase the level of consciousness among the hajj pilgrims on the importance of health quality as stipulated by the pilgrimage board.


✓ The side of facial pain was studied in 508 patients with unilateral trigeminal neuralgia. The pain was left-sided in 38%. There was no association between the side of facial pain and handedness, or in a smaller group between the side of facial pain and an elevated ipsilateral petrous apex. The apparent right-sided predominance of trigeminal neuralgia remains unexplained.


Analytic properties of the scattering amplitude for Coulomb potential on the background of the space of constant negative curvature are studied. Special attention is given to the comparison of the Regge trajectories for curved and flat spaces. We show that there exist considerably differences in the behavior of the Regge trajectories in these spaces.


Enhancing the network throughput while supporting non-uniform user distribution and dense femtocell deployment is a challenge in OFDMA networks. Previous research works focus on spectrum partitioning or spectrum sharing with interference managements regardless the user distribution or mobility. In this paper, we propose a spectrum sharing approach that maximises the network throughput using Linear Programming. Power adaptation is performed to mitigate the interference and to guarantee QoS downlink transmissions. Our solution is able to: 1 fairly allocate resources to each macrocell zone taking into account the user distribution; 2 optimally reuse the bandwidth allocated to inner MC zones inside femtocells located in outer zones; 3 optimally determine the serving base station, subcarriers and transmitted power for downlink transmissions taking into account user locations and demands. Simulations are conducted to show a comparison of our solution with two SP approaches with and without partial bandwidth reuse incorporating user mobility.


Active learning has gained significant traction in the past decade and implementations can be found across all institutions of higher learning. While large costs are incurred to modify available spaces to technology-supported active classrooms, economy-based active learning systems that provide similar functionality could be employed instead. In this paper, we provide initial results for a comparison of second-semester programming course student learning outcomes. Students for an economy-based active learning system and a high-cost active learning classroom indicate through pre- and post-test results that there is little difference between delivery modes. This supports the emerging research that the activity, not the space is the dominant factor for active learning gains, which can alleviate some of the pressures for budgetarily challenged institutions of higher learning.


Environmental monitoring through the method of traditional ship sampling is time consuming and requires a high survey cost. An investigation has been conducted to test the feasibility of using OceanSat‐2 for estimating Total Suspended Solid (TSS) in the coastal waters of Penang Island, Malaysia. The proposed algorithm is based on the reflectance model that is a function of the inherent optical properties of water, which can be related to its constituent's concentrations. Water samples were collected simultaneously with the satellite image acquisition and later analyzed in the laboratory. Water sample's locations were determined by using a handheld GPS. A simple atmospheric correction, namely darkest pixel technique was performed in this study. The pixel with the lowest value for each band was selected as the darkest pixel. The digital numbers for each band corresponding to the sea‐truth locations were extracted and then converted into radiance values and reflectance values. The accuracies of algorithms wa...


Rechargeable batteries generate current through the transfer of electrons between paramagnetic and/or metallic electrode materials. Electron spin probes, such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EP...


The vacuole, occupying up to 95% of the volume of a mature higher plant cell, serves as a main store of solutes and as the key element of intracellular Ca2+- and pH-stat. The role of the vacuole in the ionic homeostasis of the cell is also evident under K+-starving conditions and under salt stress. It is involved in the regulation of turgor and cell volume, and in specialized cells, such as stomatal guard cells, a large central vacuole is a principle component of the cell osmotic motor. For more than a decade, the guard cell has gained the status of a higher plant cell model, intensely studied by physiological, cell and molecular biology techniques. Despite tremendous progress in the understanding of signal transduction events taking place at plasma membrane of guard cells, the involvement of vacuolar ion transporters remains a significant challenge. Like in a plasma membrane, the ionic transport across the vacuolar membrane, the tonoplast, is directed and coordinated through a complex set of specific transport proteins, including pumps, transporters, and ionic channels. During recent years, the application of modern electrophysiological techniques (principally, the patch-clamp) has enabled numerous individual ion channels to be functionally characterized, although none of them has been structurally identified. The work of our group is focused on the characterization of so called slow (SV) and fast (FV) vacuolar ion channels, which have a wide, if not ubiquitous, distribution in higher plants, and can be detected in stems, leaves, as well as in root storage tissue. Their ionic selectivity, gating by membrane voltage and by physiologically abundant cations, as well as their possible roles in signal transduction and ionic balance are discussed.


The value of digoxin in patients with congestive heart failure was questioned during the 1980s, but recent data indicate that digoxin is effective in patients with normal sinus rhythm. This trial, the Prospective Randomized Study of Ventricular Failure and the Efficacy of …


With the increasing emphasis on circular economies, biogas has gradually become an important energy source, but the refinement of biogas to reduce CO2 concentrations and impurities is required.
This study reports on a one-pot top-down route to easily obtain mesostructured zeolite for CO2 adsorption during the biogas refinement process. Combining surfactants with an acid/base treatment achieved a perforation effect and generated mesopores in the zeolite structure. The zeolite structure and the presence of mesopores in the material were confirmed via XRD and a pore-size distribution analysis.div>


Aim. To generalize and systematize information on titrimetric methods for determining quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs).Results and discussion. The review summarizes and systematizes information on the properties of surfactants, provides their classification, shows the main ways of use in the national economy, and their role in pharmacy and medicine. Currently known titrimetric methods for determining cationic surfactants (СS), in particular quaternary ammonium compounds, which are widely used in medicine and pharmacy, are described and summarized.Conclusions. As a result of the study, the main directions of developing methods for determining QACs by titrimetry methods have been summarized; the disadvantages and advantages of each of the methods described have been shown. In the future, it can be the basis for developing new and more effective methods of analysis.


Foreign immigrants and the Dutch at table between 1945 and 1985. Bridging or widening the gap?
This article deals with changing ways of cooking and eating amongst the Dutch and foreign migrants in the Netherlands. They are described as established and outsiders. Foodways are seen as giving possible clues at their mutual relationship. The rising popularity of immigrant cuisines in the Netherlands since worldwar II is described, while attention is paid to the immigrant side of the table at the same time. In view of the wellknown thesis on the extreme tenacity of traditional dishes, the question is posed how changes in their diet evolve. The investigation, which has an exploring character, concentrates on (Chinese) Indonesian, Italian and Greek cuisines. Ways of adaptation reveal a growing similarity of immigrant and Dutch eating habits which is considered an example of the process of diminishing contrasts and increasing varieties, also known in other cultural and social fields. Finally, consequences of this development for possible changes in the relationship of both groups are discussed.


The article considers mathematical modeling of the technological process of drift of coordinate-sensitive detectors based on silicon with nuclear radiation, the sensor size of which is 50 × 50 × 1.5 mm and 8 bands, and compares them.


New applications of the methodology of scenario research of complex systems are presented. The concept of modeling and the methodology for analyzing the vulnerability of the strategic development of socio-economic systems are proposed. Examples of the analysis of the vulnerability of the strategic development of the Ivanovo region of Russia are considered.


Topical therapy to enhance skin barrier function may be a simple, low‐cost, effective strategy to improve outcome of preterm infants with a developmentally compromised epidermal barrier, as lipid constituents of topical products may act as a mechanical barrier and augment synthesis of barrier lipids. Natural oils are applied topically as part of a traditional oil massage to neonates in many developing countries. We sought to identify inexpensive, safe, vegetable oils available in developing countries that improved epidermal barrier function. The impact of oils on mouse epidermal barrier function (rate of transepidermal water loss over time following acute barrier disruption by tape‐stripping) and ultrastructure was determined. A single application of sunflower seed oil significantly accelerated skin barrier recovery within 1 h; the effect was sustained 5 h after application. In contrast, the other vegetable oils tested (mustard, olive and soybean oils) all significantly delayed recovery of barrier function compared with control‐ or Aquaphor‐treated skin. Twice‐daily applications of mustard oil for 7 d resulted in sustained delay of barrier recovery. Moreover, adverse ultrastructural changes were seen under transmission electron microscopy in keratin intermediate filament, mitochondrial, nuclear, and nuclear envelope structure following a single application of mustard oil.


Sliding mode control problem for a class of stochastic partial differential system with time-delay are studied. Variable structure controllers are designed for the system. The existence of sliding mode motion is shown. And the stability character is analyzed.


Faced with the new challenge of economic globalization and IT application,the Government of country should give priority to the change of govenment's funcions and innovation in administrative restructuring.The article gives an analysis of such deeply-rooted problems that need very much to be solved as the administration-dominated personnel system,the power of some departments linking up with their interests,adopting the management methods that were used in the period of the planned economy and the unsound legal system standardizing government's action,and presents the new lines of the change of government's functions and innovation in management.They are to transform"control"into"management","a big government"into"a small government",and "direct management"into "indirect management".


This paper proposes an infrastructure for monitoring the electric power system based on grid computing technology.This infrastructure takes the advantages of grid computing on distributed information processing to tackle the monitoring of wide-area power system.The terminal computing devices are virtualized as heterogenous databases,the grid node provides uniform access to heterogenous database through internal data driver.The virtual database technology is used in this paper,and the infrastructure is developed on Globus platform. The experimental results performed in laboratory verified that the infrastructure can well finish the monitoring task,and grid computing is proved to be an effective technology for the electric power monitoring system.


What the priests in the Church of Sweden believe has often been a topic of public discussion but seldom a matter of empirical investigation. In this article, results from a representative survey show that the priests' be-liefs can be divided into three main directions of interpretation called "free", "functional" and "formal". The survey shows that the priests tend to accept the "formal" direction of interpretation and render it close to the Church of Sweden's beliefs, whereas the "free" direction of interpretation tend not to be accepted nor under-stood as this church's official beliefs. Because the results presented in the article are novel in kind, it is argued that they may deepen several ongoing discussions in and about the Church of Sweden.


The article presents a general theoretical description of the legal mechanism for the implementation of human rights.
It is emphasized that the important role in implementing human rights is played by the state, as well as other institutions of society - religious organizations, public organizations, the media, etc., as well as specific people.
It is stated that the social mechanism for implementing human rights includes the following mechanisms: 1) the international mechanism for ensuring human rights; 2) legal (domestic) mechanism for ensuring human rights; 3) the mechanism of ensuring human rights through other social means (moral, religious, etc.).
The concept of the legal mechanism for implementation of human rights as a system of effective legal means (guarantees) for the protection and defense of human rights enshrined in regulations and other sources of law, as well as activities to form legal awareness of the subjects.
The main problems in the field of the legal implementation of human rights in Ukraine are outlined.
The main directions of improving the mechanism of the legal implementation of human rights in Ukraine are formulated:
- enshrining in the Constitution of Ukraine special sections devoted to: 1) guarantees of fundamental human and civil rights and freedoms; 2) the rights of the child and legal guarantees for their provision;
- bringing the provisions of the laws of Ukraine on human rights in line with international human rights standards;
- adopting laws of Ukraine, where there are gaps in the field of regulation of the implementation of certain human rights;
- improving the laws of Ukraine on human rights so that they express the will of the majority or the entire population;
- restricting human rights only in cases specified by law, taking into account the need and expediency for society;
- increasing the level of mutual responsibility of the individual and the state;
- improving procedural and legal mechanisms for implementing human rights;
- increasing the role of the judiciary of Ukraine as the most reliable and effective legal guarantee of human rights protection;
- more effective application by the courts of Ukraine during the consideration of cases of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the practice of the European Court of Human Rights as a source of law;
- raising the level of legal awareness of officials and other participants in public and state life;
- more effective legal implementation of the rights of certain categories of people who especially need it in modern conditions (children; socially vulnerable persons, women, etc.);
- more effective legal implementation, first of all, of vital human rights: the right to life, the right to social protection; the right to an adequate standard of living for oneself and one's family; the right to health care, medical assistance; the right to a safe environment for life and health.


This article: 1) develops new psychological theories and mathematical models that can explain many of the legal and economic problems that occurred in the US housing industry between 2000 and the present - such as the sub-prime loan problems, predatory lending, mortgage fraud, title defects, rapid/un-warranted price increases and sales fraud; 2) analyzes and identifies the psychological and behavioral biases of first-time home-buyers and repeat home-buyers, 3) develop new theories (testable hypothesis) of psychological effects and Biases inherent in the housing purchase/sale process; 4) introduces new theoretical mathematical models for Buyers' Propensity-To-Buy. This study involves analysis of historical economic trends, critique of existing methods and theories, and development of new theories and development of mathematical models. This article also partly relies on surveys and published empirical research using US macroeconomic and housing data from the 1995-2003 period. At the present time, the models developed in this article cannot be realistically tested empirically because real estate data and price series and psychological effects described in the models (and associated periodic changes in such data or the logarithms of such data) don't fit known distributions and regression techniques.


The phase diagram of the ternary system LaPO 4 - Ca 3 (PO4) 2 - Ca 2 P 2 O 7 has been determined by thermal, X-ray and microscopic examinations. The system contains only one double phosphate Ca 3 La(PO 4 ) 3 which is formed atthe 1:1 molar ratio LaPO 4 :Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .


The objective of this article is to answer two questions about the incorporation of the professional doctorate to the National Quality Postgraduate Program (PNPC) in Mexico in 2014: what were the factors that led to the incorporation, and what was the purpose of this decision? The research was carried out with a qualitative approach through the analysis of seven semi-structured interviews conducted with national experts on the subject in the country. The results show that the incorporation of the professional doctorate is due to the dissatisfaction caused by the impact results of research doctorates in the productive sector. It is concluded that the PNPC authorities try to build a diversified training model with doctorates that not only meet the requirements of the academy through the training of professional scientists, but also industrial scientists whose desirable employment destination is the government or business sector. In Latin America, there has been little discussion about professional doctorates, therefore, the experience of Mexico is very useful for regional discussion.


Jelly is a candy made from a mixture of fruit juice, gelling material with the addition of essens to produce a wide variety of flavors, with clear transparent physical form and has a chewy texture. This study aims to determine the vitamin C content of fruit juice and fruit juice jelly candies California papaya (Carica papaya L.), determine the IC50 value fruit juice and fruit juice jelly candies California papaya (Carica papaya L.), and to determine the stability of the jelly juice California papaya (Carica papaya L.). In this study, made jelly made 4 formula is formula 0,1; 2, and 3 with a variation of papaya juice concentrations of 0%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The test results levels of vitamin C in the juice of papaya California is 0.0467%. The test results of antioxidant activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2pikrihidrazil) papaya juice California has IC50 of 33.537 ppm and the jelly formula 1, 2, and 3 is equal to 75.296 ppm, 73.901 ppm and 70.698 ppm. Stability test conducted over 4 weeks of storage at room temperature. Results of testing the antioxidant activity in week 1 to 4 obtained IC50 values, respectively, are formula 1 of 81.171 ppm, 89.573 ppm, 97.178 ppm, and 102.126 ppm, formula 2 of 79.175 ppm, Fitofarmaka, Vol.7, No.1, Juni 2017 ISSN:2087-9164 37 88.158 ppm, 96.441 ppm, and 100.378 ppm, while in the third formula amounted to 77.255 ppm, 85.482 ppm, 93.680 ppm, and 100.267 ppm. Organoleptic jelly has the taste, color, aroma and resilience undergo significant changes.


The adsorption and decomposition of trimethylene oxide (C3H6O) molecule on the Al(111) surface were investigated by the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of density functional theory (DFT). The calculations employed a supercell (6 × 6 × 3) slab model and three-dimensional periodic boundary conditions. The strong attractive forces between C3H6O molecule and Al atoms induce the C-O bond breaking of the ring C3H6O molecule. Subsequently, the dissociated radical fragments of C2H6O molecule oxidize the Al surface. The largest adsorption energy is about �260.0 kJ/mol in V3, V4 and P2, resulting a ring break at the C-O bond. We also investigated the decomposition mechanism of C3H6O molecules on the Al(111) surface. The activation energies (Ea) for the dissociations V3, V4 and P2 are 133.3, 166.8 and 174.0 kJ/mol, respectively. The hcp site is the most reactive position for C3H6O decomposing.


The invention relates to a wideband-elimination metamaterial which comprises a metamaterial slice, the metamaterial slice comprises a media substrate and two structure layers which are attached to two opposite surfaces of the media substrate respectively, each structure layer comprises a plurality of regularly hexagonal metal micro-structures, the two metal micro-structures in the two structure layers, positioned at corresponding positions of the media substrate, form a pair, two adjacent sides of any two adjacent metal micro-structures in each structure layer are parallel to each other, so that the central interval of any two adjacent metal micro-structures is reduced, thus being capable of restraining electromagnetic wave in an ultrawide high frequency range so as to enable the metamaterials to have a wideband-elimination function; and the electromagnetic wave in low frequency range has the advantages of high wave transmittance and small reflection as well as good wave transmitting property. The invention further relates to a wideband-elimination metamaterial antenna housing and an antenna system which are produced by the wideband-elimination metamaterials.


The main purpose of this reflection is aimed at building strategic and educational spaces that encourage the use of information and communications technology (ICT) in children living in poverty in San Jose de Cucuta, Colombia. This population is comprised of students, parents, teachers and principals of the institutions of basic education in the Municipality and its purpose is to optimize the pedagogical practices of teachers and, therefore, learning and achieving competence in a developing area, such as the computer. The scenario that will serve as reference for developing contextual reflection is Cadel 3 Municipality of Cucuta, Norte de Santander Department.


In 1995 a dirigible (or non-rigid airship) was flown successfully 30 times over a region of tropical rain forest in Borneo. Some comments are made about the rationale for these test flights. Some aspects of the airship's design are outlined, including: the requirements; the configuration and overall size; the seating arrangement and payload capability; details about the quiet electric propulsion system. Some operational characteristics are then described. Special attention is paid to the influence of wind/gusts in tropical forests and the ability to hold station and/or the feasibility of safe landing on the canopy roof. The preliminary scientific objectives of the project are also outlined. For example, some details about the design of an insect suction trap and its deployment are included. Finally, some comments on future planned work as well as suggestions for further technical developments are also given.


After reviewing the features of educational scientific research of the universities who have been newly upgraded to undergraduate level,the paper believes that the orientation of the research in such a university should be based on school features,local needs,experience of other schools and its advantageous subjects.


The creativity of photographers was investigated in three samples: photography students (n = 17), neophyte photographers (n = 46), and experienced photographers (n = 49). All participants completed the Adjective Check List (ACL), scored for Domino's creativity (Cr) scale; these scores were correlated with various indexes of creativity, including self- and peer-ratings, ratings of portfolios, and course grades. The findings support the validity of the ACL Cr scale as a measure of creativity.


Classical data structures such as stacks, queues, and double-ended queues (deques) find broad use in security-critical applications. At the highest Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) of the Common Criteria, such data structures must be formally specified, and proven to meet their specifications. Formal verification systems can readily reason about unbounded, functional data structures. However, such data structures are in the main not appropriate for direct implementation in high-confidence software systems, both because of their unbounded nature, and also due to the complexity of the functional forms (e.g., the use of two lists, one reversed, to implement a deque). We will show how a formally verified data structure specified using the ACL2 single-threaded object facility can be much more readily translated into highassurance implementations expressed in conventional programming languages. Finally, we show how this translated data structure code can be compiled into efficient machine code for a common embedded microprocessor using a verified compiler, and executed on an EAL6+ verified operating system.


Neural signal transducers consisting of arrays of microelectrodes fabricated on a substrate are considered. The geometries and spacings of the microelectrodes have a major impact on the characteristics of the neural signals that are obtained. The design of microelectrode layouts that maximize the probability of obtaining easily detectable neural spikes is discussed. It is shown that a selectivity-noise tradeoff exists. A computer simulation is used to quantify this tradeoff.<<ETX>>


Hospitals and other health care facilities with full-time patientsand residents have the opportunity to benefit from the installation ofcogeneration systems.Unlike other residences, which often have weekday energy peaksas people return from work, health care facilities tend to have a rela-tively level demand for electricity. Operation of a cogeneration systemin such an environment is likely to be both efficient and practical. Also,governmental subsidies can offset a portion of the initial costs anddecrease the project's payback period.Cogeneration systems cannot generally be used for emergencygeneration in light of the typical start up time requirements. However,they can be used in conjunction with emergency generators provideenhanced reliability.Cogeneration can also help smooth out the unintended "voltagesags" and instantaneous grid outages that can occur unexpectedly.These undesirable conditions can trip medical diagnostic equipmentand cost the hospital or health care facility delays and loss of revenue.If interconnected to the electrical grid, cogeneration systems have thecapability to sell excess energy or capacity.Cogeneration can usually be readily installed on-site because typi-cal units have a modest footprint. The systems do not produce muchnoise and may be placed in an insulated enclosure if desired. Theoperation and maintenance of a cogeneration system can be partiallyor wholly contracted out, if warranted.Cogeneration, with the ability to save money, provide thermalenergy and electricity and enhance emergency capabilities should bean attractive option for many health care facilities


Abstract We examined Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha populations in the Yukon Territory for variation in age and size of spawning adults, juvenile morphology, and biochemical genetics during 1985–1987. Yukon River Chinook salmon spent at least one winter in fresh water as juveniles; about 6% of the returning adults had spent two winters in fresh water as juveniles. Males matured at younger ages and generally at smaller mean lengths at age than did females. We observed differences in juvenile morphology among populations: juveniles in habitats with faster water velocities had larger fins and thicker bodies than those in habitats with slower water velocity. We also observed genetic differentiation among populations; the greatest difference was between those populations in the Yukon River drainage and an Alsek River population. Within the Yukon River drainage, Chinook salmon from the Whitehorse fishway and Takhini River were distinct from other populations surveyed. We noted some variation in allelic...


A field study was carried out from January to April in 1981 and 1982 to estimate the effects of predation of the hyperiid amphipod Parathemisto japonica on larvae of the Japanese sand eel Ammodytes personatus in waters off the northeastern coast of the main island of Japan. The degree of vertical co-occurrence was similar during the day and at night and P. japonica fed on the larvae throughout the day. Overlap of the horizontal distributions of the two species increased from January to April. The proportion of sand eel larvae in the total stomach contents of P. japonica varied monthly in the range of 0-8.2% on a dry weight basis. The density of sand eel larvae decreased more markedly in the area where P. japonica occurred in greater abundance. Preliminary estimates of the rate of daily loss of sand eel larvae caused by the predation yielded figures of 0.1% for January, 3.3% for February, 2.8% for March, and 45.2% for April, closely associated with changes in the size and degree of overlap of distribution of the two organisms.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Aggression towards health professionals is a problem whose incidence is unknown, as are its effects on the psychological health of victims. The aim of this study was to obtain knowledge on this reality, compile a risk map and analyze the consequences, on the basis of the hypothesis that these may be different depending on whether the aggression is physical or non-physical. METHODS: Cross-disciplinary study in different centers pertaining to the public health system of Aragon and Castilla-La Mancha (n=1,845). Participants answered various questionnaires: Demographic datasheet, Questionnaire on aggression, Mental health sheet and questionnaire on burnout. RESULTS: Eleven percent of professionals had been the victims of physical aggression and 64% of psychological violence. The incidence of physical aggression was higher in large centers with main targets being doctors, nurses and orderlies. The distribution of insulting behavior was more random, both in terms of the size of the centers involved and the type of professionals, while threats tended to be part of intentional behaviors aimed at those who represent authority and occur most commonly in centers where vital decisions are made. No significant association was found between physical aggression and psychological symtomatology but such an association indeed existed between non-physical violence and anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and burnout. The support perceived was shown to be a modulator of these effects. CONCLUSION: Non-physical violence may play a significant role in the high psychiatric morbidity observed in health professionals, as it contributes to increasing the already high psychosocial risk level.


Although it has been known since 1917 that mottled dental enamel (later recognized as dental fluorosis—DF) is identical with that observed in thyroid dysfunction, disturbances of thyroid hormone metabolism during crucial periods of tooth development as the primary cause of DF have received very little consideration by dental researchers. New findings indicate that thyroid hormone metabolism is disturbed in peripheral tissue of children with DF, thereby helping to account for timing of events observed in DF and the delayed eruption of teeth in fluoridated areas and further suggesting the use of DF as a marker and diagnostic aid for iodine deficiency disorders.


This paper presents the results of a sociolinguistic research project among the Jadgal with special focus on language use, language attitudes, bilingual proficiency and multilingualism.


In multi-rate WLANs, users can suffer transmission rate changes due to the link adaptation mechanism. This results in a variable capacity channel, which is very hostile for VoIP and can cause serious quality of service (QoS) degradation in all active calls. Various codec adaptation mechanisms have been proposed as a solution to this, as well as to solve congestion problems on WLAN environments. Here, these solutions are presented, categorized according to the adaptation policy and scenario they implement, and evaluated at call-level in terms of the resulting blocking and dropping probabilities, as well as the perceived voice quality. To define a common performance metric, a new index named VGoS-factor is presented, which, by combining these capacity and quality indicators, can provide an overall view of the capacity versus quality trade-off of the proposed mechanisms and consequently help in choosing the adequate policy for each scenario.


Dental disease is one of the most common reasons for presentation of a rabbit to the veterinary surgeon, although this fact may not be immediately apparent. Anorexia, weight loss, facial swelling, ocular discharge, lack of grooming, accumulation of caecotrophs and fly strike should all alert the practitioner to the possibility of dental disease, and a full dental examination should be carried out. Even in rabbits with no apparent clinical signs, assessment of the teeth should always be an essential part of the clinical examination, as early detection and treatment of disease is more likely to have a good outcome. Unfortunately, many rabbits are presented with later stages of disease, where cure is not possible and palliative treatment is all that is achievable. The majority of cases of dental disease are preventable by the feeding of a natural high fibre diet, and thus owner education is vital. SUMMARY


His words are these, in a letter to the publisher, of the 24. Septemb. 1666 at Yeovill in Somersetshire; I have two or three remarks, perhaps not unworthy to be recorded for further application in like cases of time and place. 1. In the Moores from hence towards Bridgewater, in the extreme drought, we have endured this summer, some lengths of pasture grew much sooner withered and parched, than the other pasture.


A besetting problem in a screen-obsessed age, dry eye can be distractingly painful. Several companies offers products that promise relief.


Abstract— Object-Oriented Analysis and Design(OOAD) is a popular technical approach to analyzing, designing an application, system, or business by applying the OO paradigm and visual modeling throughout the development lifecycle. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a popular international standard language used for object-oriented modeling. With the development of parallel computing, distributed computing, grid computing, a new computing model appeared. The basic principles of cloud computing is to make the computing be assigned in a great number of distributed computers, rather than local computer or remoter server. The CodeDom allows program to be dynamically created, compiled, and executed at runtime. To represent source code, CodeDOM elements are linked to each other to form a data structure known as a CodeDOM graph, which models the structure of source code. Using Object Oriented Analysis Technique we have done all the requirements elicitation for above topic and have analyzed using Rational RequisitePRO. Keywords— Centralized Compiler, Cloud Computing, OOA, Rational RequisitePRO, UML.


A BS TRACT This research aims to answer research question about the role of United Nations Development Programme to eradicated poverty on Tamil ethnic. The aspect of poverty eradication is seen from peace building viewpoint. This research uses qualitative method to analysis data. All data source from this research is secondary source that got mainly from news, book, and e-book. The finding of this research is the role of poverty eradication that UNDP was implemented using people centered-development approach. Besides that UNDP is also prioritize gender empowerment in every aspect of their programs. Overall the program that UNDP has done is quite success to eradicated poverty but this program was less successful in addressing the root of discrimination. Keywords : Tamil ethnic, poverty, peace building, people centered development , UNDP


DURING the past 5 years transient analysis of aircraft a-c generators has become increasingly important. The vast number of excellent technical papers1‾3 published on this subject would indicate that no problem existed, and a literature survey would yield a solution to any problem no matter what the degree of complexity. However, problems do exist in transforming from conventional power frequencies to 400 cycles per second (cps) aircraft equipments and in ascertaining the idealizations which other authors used in the formulation of the various papers.


The purpose of this study was to examine whether cognitive, social, and teaching presence were significant predictors of the overall students' satisfaction in hybrid learning courses. The used research design was non-experimental and correlational in nature. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to determine to what extent cognitive, social, and teaching presence predicted the overall students' satisfaction. The data in this quantitative study was collected using a self-report survey. Participants were two hundred fourteen (n=214) undergraduate students, between the ages from 19-24 years old. The findings of this study showed that cognitive, social, and teaching presence explained 39% of the variance in students' satisfaction. Cognitive presence was found to have the largest contribution in predicting students' satisfaction and it was a better predictor of students satisfaction compared with teaching and social presence. Due to the importance of cognitive, social, and teaching presence in predicting students' satisfaction, it is recommended that improving these factors in the distance courses be taken into consideration. Furthermore, since cognitive presence in this study was found to be a strong predictor of students' satisfaction, it is recommended that faculty need to focus on this presence especially, and assure that students are able to reach the final stage of cognitive presence. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n2s1p439


This study discusses how variations in everyday work activity with information systems are shaping knowledge transformations and circulation. Activity theory approach is taken to develop a framework for describing knowledge transformations and circulation within work activity system. The framework is applied in an extensive and longitudinal case study in grain business. The case study introduces variations in work activities, actions and operations in information system mediated environment that affects knowledge circulation and transformations. The framework is applicable to structure the effects of variation from knowledge transformation and circulation perspective in the case organization.


As the external traffic is improved,the opportunity of the tourism speedup development of the folk area in Southeast Chongqing is grown up gradually.On the basis of analyzing the actuality and condition developing tourism,this article discusses the tactic orientation of tourism development,and then puts forward the strategy of tourism speedup development of the folk area in the southeast of Chongqing.


The aim of the study was to assess the effects of water deficit on yield, leaf area and fluorescence chlorophyll parameters of forage grasses. The pot experiment was conducted in 2013 in IUNG-PIB's greenhouse in Puławy. Nine cultivars of five species (Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum, Festuca pratensis, Festuca arundinacea and Festulolium braunii) were investigated in well-watered conditions (70% field water capacity) as well as in a short-term drought stress conditions (40% field water capacity). The study showed, that dry matter of yield, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: quantum of photosynthetic yield efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio) and performance index (PI) and leaf area were significantly lower in drought stress than under well-watered conditions in all cultivars in each regrowth. The data demonstrated the highest yield decrease for F. arundunacea cv. Barolex in the first, for L. perenne cv. Melluck and Meltador in the second and for F. braunii cv. Felopa in the third regrowth. The hybrid F. braunii was characterized by the lowest yield reduction and PI parameter in first and second regrowth. Based on the yield average, short drought resistance of different species was in the following order: F. pratensis > F. braunii – L. multiflorum > F. arundinacea > L. perenne. There was a significant relationship between dry matter yield and leaf area, and also between dry matter yield and fluorescence chlorophyll parameters.


In this article the author offers observations on the appeal of artwork that looks unfinished. He cites the art of several artists whose work appears unfinished including Alberto Giacometti, Philip Guston and Sergej Jensen. Additional topics discussed include the book "Being and Nothingness," by Jean-Paul Sartre, the Abstract Expressionism art movement and what constitutes a finished artwork.


Yanzi's Spring and Autumn Annals is one of ancient classics with great values in thinking and writing,The paper collects comprehensive materials of study and makes detailed comments so that we can have a bettor view in this aspect.


This paper describes the development of a passively demodulated optical fiber sensor system capable of accommodating the high strain-rate events commonly encountered in applications involving stress wave propagation. This sensor system, which is based on in-line fiber etalon (ILFE) sensors and path-matched differential interferometry (PMDI), was tested experimentally at low frequency and strain-rates (time derivative of strain) up to (/spl sim/10/sup 7/ /spl mu//spl epsiv//s). For the present system, this strain-rate corresponds to a sensor phase bandwidth of approximately 100 kHz. Characterization tests using sensor gauge lengths ranging from 260 to 350 /spl mu/m showed that the sensor system had a minimum detectable phase of /spl sim/2 microrad//spl radic/HZ rms at 2 kHz which corresponds to /spl sim/0.8 n/spl epsiv///spl radic/Hz rms for 260 /spl mu/m-gauge length sensor.


Accurate identification of species of parasitoid Hymenoptera often requires the analysis of multiple genetic and non‐genetic traits. Here, we investigate the potential for nuclear polydnavirus (PDV) gene loci to provide species‐level discrimination in the parasitoid wasp genus Hyposoter (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). A region of one PDV gene, Cys‐d9.2, was sequenced from nine species of wasps and an additional two PDV genes, Cys‐d9.1 and Rep‐c18.2, were sequenced from multiple specimens of one species of wasp. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of the Cys‐d9.2 sequences resulted in accurate identification of species and no intraspecific variation was observed in this gene, Cys‐d9.1 or Rep‐c18.2. Further statistical analyses showed that Cys‐d9.2 has a high prevalence of non‐synonymous nucleotide substitutions. Our results support the use of Cys‐d9.2 as an additional genetic locus for species delimitation in Hyposoter, highlighting the value of PDV gene information to taxonomists studying the ichneumonid subfamily, Campopleginae.