"Maybe the Garden is the most beautiful image of richness, the most smiling expression of civilization and the supreme luxury of any culture." The iconography of the past ceturies suplys sensitive informations about reality, as it was lived and perceped in those times. This sensitive aproach is necessary because "[...] on ne voit bien qu'avec le cœur. L'essentiel est invisible pour les yeux." The iconography of the past centuries consists in: old maps (most of them military maps); old cadastral plans; old plans of the cities and of the main estates; old engravings; old paintings; photos from the end of the 19 century and the beginning of the 20 century. Old iconography is very important in historical research, restoration and restitution of some old elements and details. Actual images are very important for a correct comparison with the old ones, to understand the evolution of a phenomenon and for the next generations' researches. Paintings and engraves offer useful information, charming details, in a very precise manner. Denia Mateescu supports this idea: "Romantic painters are the modelers of an epoch in which the nostalgia for the past and its vestiges are very important." The importance of the image is according to its power to disseminate information and to induce personal reactions and meanings to each viewer. The word communicates the author's own vision in a more pregnant way than the image, even the image is a personal vision too, by creating it or by choosing one or another of them. In painting, graphic arts and partially in photography, the personal, sensitive perception of the author is on the first plan, but image offers the measure of the beauty and the lifestyle in those times in a concrete manner. Image is an invitation to implicate in reading a research, an invitation to create your own opinion, starting from a point of view. The image is versatile, in a continuous change according to the seasons, to the flying years, to the successive generations, to the fashionable or the conservator behavior of the people. Image's value is increasing according to its age, just like the aroma, the flavor and the power of wine.


During the past five years, a process of specialization has taken place in migrant smuggling networks that has led to the strengthening of those focused on transporting women. The reasons are that migrant women have been less affected than men by the violence in Mexico and that the adult entertainment industry pays the highest prices for irregular migrants. In-depth interviews with procurers, smugglers, and women from Central America describe the operation of the networks for the smuggling of women for prostitution operating between Central America, Mexico, and the United States and indicate that the recruitment of women is usually not coercive and that the employment of minors is more frequent in the United States than in Mexico.En los ultimos cinco anos se ha producido un proceso de especializacion de las redes de trafico de migrantes que ha conducido a un fortalecimiento de aquellas que transportan mujeres. Esto se debe a dos motivos: Las mujeres migrantes se han visto menos afectadas que los hombres p...


ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate six Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) calculation methods, including two ways to choose the nutrient ratio [F (Letzsch) or R (Nick) values] combined with three functions (Beaufils, Jones, or Elwali and Gascho), and to generate nutritional diagnoses for oil palm. A total of 144 foliar samples in 33 plots in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil, were used. Except for potassium (K) in all calculation methods, the DRIS indices showed no correlation with soil nutrients. Regardless of the formula, the nutritional balance index correlated with the productivity (significant r values) and similar diagnostics were obtained. These diagnoses were reliable according to the chi-square test (χ2), and most observed frequencies presented χ2 calculated less than χ2 tabulated. The average frequencies of samples with nutrient deficiency were 51%, 42%, 37%, 35%, 32%, 30%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 12%, and 12% for samples with nitrogen (N), boron (B), manganese (Mn), sulfur (S), K, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg), respectively. All tested DRIS methods may be used, and their diagnoses indicate the most common nutritional deficiencies in oil palm.


I: Winch's emphasis on philosophy's concern with language and on rule-following; II: Winch's misgivings about limits of analogy between rules and language; III: Rhees' comparison of the unity of discourse with conversation, and claim that language makes sense if living makes sense; IV: Winch's later emphasis on the fragility of conditions for understanding both between cultures and within our own.


The invention discloses a natamycin nano-emulsion antifungal medicament. The grain diameter of the nano-emulsion is in a range of 1-100nm. The natamycin nano-emulsion antifungal medicament comprises the raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.01-5.00 percent of natamycin, 5.00-20.00 percent of latent solvent, 20.00-40.00 percent of surfactant, 1.00-20.00 percent of oil and the balance of distilled water, wherein the summation of mass percent of the raw materials is 100 percent. The nano-emulsion is of faint yellow clarified transparent liquid appearance and has the characteristics of low viscosity, favorable stability, strong dispersibility, quick absorption, targeted medicament release and the like; and according to the nano-emulsion, the solubility and the bioavailability of the medicament can be improved, and toxic or side effects are reduced. The natamycin nano-emulsion antifungal medicament is mainly used for treating animal diseases caused by fungus and can be used for effectively preventing and treating animal fungus diseases in broad spectrum.


Bulling is the most pressing problem of modern school not only in Russia, but also in other countries. One of the key figures in the prevention and resolution of school bullying situations is the teacher, whose position in the article is considered in the context of the effectiveness of anti-bulling programs. The teacher can recognize the situations of bulling, take measures to prevent it and resolve the already-emerging situations. The teacher is also a role model for students, and his reactions determine the behavior of children and their confidence in adults in situations of bullying. Modern anti-bulling programs offer teachers a wide range of activities that can reduce bullying and victimization in the classroom. However, teachers currently have difficulties in recognizing bulling, responding effectively to it from the standpoint of a professional and personal position in a bulling situation. The article provides an overview of foreign and Russian studies on the teacher's position in the situation of bulling, describes the elements of anti-bulling programs aimed at teachers. The article may be interesting for psychologists and educators who encounter bullying situations in the educational environment.


The invention discloses a method for improving the homochromatic properties of chitosan fiber and a dyed blended cotton product. The method takes cationic water-soluble polymer to pretreat the chitosan fiber and then adds anionic water-soluble polymer to dye the chitosan fiber and the dyed blended cotton product through common dyeing technique. The method remarkably reduces the coloring difference between the chitosan fiber and the blended cotton product and improves the coloring homochromatic properties of the chitosan fiber and the blended cotton product. The homochromatic properties of the chitosan fiber and the dyed blended cotton product can reach the level of 3 or above. The method fundamentally solves the problem of coloring difference between the chitosan fiber and the dyed blended cotton product(particularly light color products) and improves the quality of the chitosan fiber and the dyed blended cotton product.


Self Concept as a Mediator of Effect of Extracurricular Activities on Academic Engagement in Middle School Students. (April 2009) Rachel Harper-Tarantolo Department of Psychology Texas A&M University Research Advisor: Dr. Jan Hughes Department of Educational Psychology The following study examined the relationship between participation in extracurricular activities and academic outcomes, such as achievement and behavioral engagement and self-concept, in an at-risk group of middle school students. The researchers hypothesized that if a relationship existed between extracurricular participation and academic outcomes, then self-competence beliefs would mediate this relationship and that these relationships would remain significant after controlling for the previous years' academic outcomes and self-concept. Consistent with the hypothesis, there was a positive relationship between extracurricular participation and achievement. However, this relationship was no longer significant after controlling for the previous years' achievement. Inconsistent with the hypothesis, the relationship between extracurricular participation and classroom engagement was not significant. As expected, the positive relationship between extracurricular participation and self-concept was significant and remained significant after controlling for the previous years' self-concept. The


The head and neck are the second most common locations for pain among HIV‐positive individuals. Most studies were conducted among HIV patients at an advanced stage of the disease.


Transformer-based object tracking has become mainstream due to its high tracking performance at present. Most transformer-based trackers still classify the foreground and background and then calculate the bounding box by regression. However, we find that the classification confidence of transformer tracking is inaccurate. This leads to the bounding box with the highest confidence is not the closest to the ground truth. To address the problem, we propose a robust visual tracking approach with confidence correction using log-polar mapping. By correcting the confidence, the transformer tracking can obtain the best bounding box and improve the accuracy of the tracker. Extensive experiments on OTB2015, UAV123, and UAV20L show that our tracker is superior to the state-of-the-art trackers.


A simple method of obtaining a /sup 57/Co Moessbauer source based on potassium cobaltate(IV) is described. The source combines the advantages of currently used sources.


At present,There are such problems as overly-emphasized standardization and "competitive sports" service,and lack of standardized management in college stadium.This paper is to study the developing trend of sports ground material by analyzing the application of suspension assembly sports flooring in sports ground,aiming to meeting the demand of students' physical exercise and giving some suggestions in sports fields construction.


Liquid lenses are the simplest and cheapest optical lenses, and various studies have been conducted to develop tunable-focus liquid lenses. In this study, a simple and easily implemented method for achieving tunable-focus liquid lenses was proposed and experimentally validated. In this method, charges induced by a corona discharge in the air were injected into dielectric liquid, resulting in "electropressure" at the interface between the air and the liquid. Through a 3D-printed U-tube structure, a tunable-focus liquid lens was fabricated and tested. Depending on the voltage, the focus of the liquid lens can be adjusted in large ranges (−∞ to −9 mm and 13.11 mm to ∞). The results will inspire various new liquid-lens applications.


CO2 emissions are too large to tackle with a single process but a combination of avoidance with chemical utilization may be able to slow down global warming. In this perspective, we identified two ...


In this paper, we introduce a fuzzy extension of a class of measures to compare clustering structures, namely, measures that are based on the number of concordant and the number of discordant pairs of data points. This class includes the well-known Rand index but also commonly used alternatives, such as the Jaccard measure. In contrast with previous proposals, our extension exhibits desirable metrical properties. Apart from elaborating on formal properties of this kind, we present an experimental study in which we compare different fuzzy extensions of the Rand index and the Jaccard measure.


We compared two bioelectrical impedance analysis models, the right-sided tetrapolar method and an experimental cylindrical method, to total body water (TBW) determined by isotopic dilution in 37 prepubertal children aged 5-9 years, who were divided into development and cross-validation groups. Despite its theoretical advantage, no improvement in predicted TBW was seen with the experimental method. The best predictive equation, using the tetrapolar method, was TBW (kg) = 1.84 + 0.45 (height square/resistance) +0.11(weight); r2 = 0.98; SEE = 0.62 kg.


This content area module (CAM) for workplace stress prevention and reduction in the Air Force is a companion volume to the Getting To Outcomes Operations Guide for U.S. Air Force Community Action Teams. It includes guidance, resources, and examples of completed tools for Community Action Teams that have an interest in planning, implementing, and evaluating workplace stress prevention and reduction initiatives as part of a Community Action Plan.


The aim of this study was to investigate effect of duodenal soybean small peptides(SSP) infusion on mammary uptake of amino acids(AA).Eight Chinese Saanen goats with duodenal fistula and catheter were used in a crossover design trial.Goats were infused 0,60,120,180 g·d-1SSP.The experiment period lasted for 14 d.The results showed: 1) milk protein yield and content were increased,increment of milk protein yield were significant(P0.05).Milk fat yield and content were decreased with the increased of the amount of SSP infusion(P0.05).2) Mammary plasma flow were no changed by SSP infusion though the average was slightly higher(P0.05).Mammary plasma flow/milk yield was decreased by SSP infusion and there was significant difference between the 120 g·d-1treatment and the control(P0.05).3) Compared with the control treatment,uptakes of most free amino acids were increased in the 60 and 120 g·d-1 treatments,and decreased in 180 g·d-1treatment.The uptakes of all peptide-bound essential amino acids(PB-EAA) were increased except for PB-Ile.Uptake of PB-Val,PB-Leu,PB-Phe,PB-Thr,PB-Met and PB-Lys was the highest in the 120 g·d-1 treatment.Among peptide-bound nonessential amino acids(PB-NEAA),uptake of PB-Ser,PB-Tyr,PB-Pro was increased(P0.05).However,that of PB-Gly was drop down(P0.05).4) Secretion of all essential AA(EAA) was increased by SSP infusion apart from Lys,that of those EAA was increased with increment of the amount of SSP infusion from 0-102 g·d-1 treatment(P0.05),however increment of their secretion in milk were not significant in the 180 g·d-1 treatment and were lower than in the 120 g·d-1 treatment.5) The expression of APN was improved by SSP,that in 60,120,180 g·d-1 treatment was 13.55-,18.69-,10.01-fold in control treatment.Conclusion: SSP might be used as substrate of milk protein synthesis by mammary gland,and improved milk protein synthesis and secretion.However,when the concentration of AA was stature,increment of AA resulted in absorption inhibition.Increment of APN expression accorded with the variety of PBAA uptakes by mammary gland,which suggested APN was one of peptidase regulated small peptides absorption in mammary tissue.


Increasingly, publishers are looking to sell through library consortia. The advantages of consortia to publishers include the ability to simplify the sales process, to help publishers increase their market penetration and communication with more libraries, and increase the speed of sales. However, all consortia are not organized in the same way, which requires that publishers work with different consortia in different ways. Publishers will need to continue to maintain their own marketing and sales staff to augment the services that may be available through the consortium, and to overcome problems such as inconsistent communications to libraries. Publishers will also need to have strategies to work with multiple consortia with overlapping memberships.


This article reports the outcomes of a study involving service-learners in a tutoring program with 260 elementary school children. Compared to a non-tutored group, the tutored children had higher one-year gains in Stanford Achievement Test (SAT/9) scores in math and spelling. Children and their teachers gave high ratings to the tutors and believed that tutoring helped the children learn. Tutor similarity to the children along a number of dimensions was associated with stronger reading gains. Teachers gave higher evaluations to tutors who expressed intentions to be involved in civic action, while children gave higher marks to tutors who valued diversity and believed in social justice.


In litigation proceedings where the court is asked to order the opposing party to perform a specific obligation, the traditional way is to take action against any infringement only after the judgment is made. Before this, neither the court nor the involving party seeking to enforce his rights (the "claimant") has the right to apply for an order to discontinue the infringement. This not only causes the claimant to suffer great loss, but also leads to the waste of social resources. Therefore, it is necessary to make provisions to preserve the status quo to prevent such infringement to occur any further during the litigation process and to ensure that a system is in place to protect the claimant from irremediable loss. Some of the remedies are stipulated in the current laws. However, because the litigation lack of sufficient knowledge of the necessity of the system,these laws are fragmented with a limited scope of application, and the system is unable to satisfy the demand for protection of the claimant's rights. Meanwhile, some of the discussions were based on the misconceptions and misunderstanding of the true nature of the infringement system.


Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for food in many countries due to the fast growing of technology, industry and population. Therefore, there is a need to using new methods and approaches in agriculture to obtain a high volume of high quality agricultural products. Beside modern machines and efficient workers, recognizing the effective factors in yield and productivity is vital. We want to study the effect of some controllable variables on rice. Design and analysis of experiments apply simple tools like analysis of variance (ANOVA) to survey the effect of some factors on a specific response like quantity of yield or time of growing for each plant. In this paper, we apply two common experimental design approaches: factorial design and Taguchi method where their results are compared, consequently. Taguchi method is common because it obtains good results with a fewer number of experiments and cost. In addition, screening experiments are used to obtain the effective factors, where three factors supposed to be effective. These three factors are: Time of adding fertilizer, amount of added fertilizer and adding barley stubble to agricultural field. The response that we want to measure is the weight of thousand seeds which is better to get a larger volume. Finally, we obtain the optimum levels of effective factors which consequent the maximum weight of thousand seeds.


This writing deals with the phenomenon of Companies Recovered by Workers (or ERT in Spanish) within the context of the economic, social and political crisis that took place by the end of the '90. The attempts made at outlining the ERT´s within the conceptual framework of the notions of social exclusion, third sector of economy and social economy are discussed from a criticism perspective. This is both an attempt at assessing the range of possibilities and boundaries in which workers self-management unfolds within those recovered companies and describing the processes of social innovation that are relevant for economic anthropology.


Three-dimensional (3D) imaging with optical sectioning microscopy uses computational methods to obtain the true fluorescence distribution by ameliorating the effect of defocus, spherical aberration and noise. Inverse algorithms improve image quality at a fraction of the cost of implementing an optical system by accurate modeling of the imaging system. Good inverse imaging algorithms need to be accurate as well as fast. Better understanding of the image formation model is vital to obtain improved restoration through model-based algorithms. Forward imaging models based on a depth-varying point-spread function (DV-PSF) leads to a substantial improvement in the resulting images because it accounts for depth-induced aberrations present in the imaging system. PSFs at every layer can be represented using their principal components. Computation of the forward imaging model using a principal component analysis (PCA) representation of the DV-PSF requires fewer convolutions than a strata based approach investigated in the past. In this paper we present a new algorithm for maximum likelihood image restoration developed based on a PCA representation of the DV-PSF and an accelerated conjugate gradient (CG) iteration scheme. Results obtained with this PCA-CG algorithm from both simulated and experimental fluorescence microscope data are discussed and compared with results obtained from a CG iteration method based on the strata model and linear interpolation of the DV-PSF. The performance of the PCA-CG algorithms is shown to be promising for practical applications.


In this paper, after analyzing the content and hierarchy of the seismic emergency, emergency object and emergency resource are defined according to the seismic disaster theory and the requirements of seismic emergency. Subsequently, aiming at the foundation of decision support system of urban seismic emergency, a global design, module of function, database, models and implement of the system are studied.


The advent of economic and financial globalization has transformed the world into many
aspects, and in the midst of these changes the activities of the International Labour Organization
need to be reoriented to a better understanding of this new reality. This research initially
analyzes the development of the ILO Decent Work category as a counterpoint to the effects of
globalization, which has become a point of reference for its member countries and also for the
Organization itself at the international level. Futhermore explains how the new category enables
a broader conception of the dimension of work due to virtue of its multidimensionality, and also
how it serves as a synthesis of the ILO's strategic objectives for social justice. In a second
moment, we analyzed in a historical perspective the insertion and promotion of Decent Work
in Brazil between 2003 and 2012, emphasizing the peculiarities of the brazilian case and how
the country managed to achieve a vanguard position on the subject. It was sought to verify the
policies and institutions that were created or made possible by the use of Decent Work in Brazil,
and concluded that its use served to create spaces of tripartite social dialogue, which
presupposes the awareness and strengthening of social actors for the elaboration of policies.
These spaces play an important role in the consolidation of democratic ideals, making Decent
Work a plausible alternative for national and sustainable development.


In the production of emulsion explosives, the emulsion matrix is transported with single spiral pumps so as to give the technological flow and surmount transporting resistance. Over the years, a few explosions near to the pumps have taken place because of unidentified causes. In this paper, pumping of emulsion explosive matrix and safety are stated. It is thought to be principal reason for these explosion accidents that the inhaling empty of the pump or broken flow in the transpoting process may cause thermal decomposition of the matrix.


(57) in [Abstract] supercharged internal combustion engine in the exhaust gas is recirculated from the high pressure side of the supercharger to the air supply device of the engine. At least a portion of the recirculated exhaust gas is humidified to a relative humidity of about 100%. This, on the one hand the engine is cooled so that the temperature drops at the beginning of the first combustion in the engine cylinder, the heat of the vapor in the gas limits the temperature rise in the combustion on the other hand. These factors serve to reduce the amount of NO The addition of water is carried out by a scrubber for purifying the recirculated gas (16). Blower (17), pressure increase the pressure of the recycled gas. Scrubber, seawater is supplied to the first stage, fresh water is supplied to the final stage, by designed with several stages, it can be adapted to produce fresh water.


An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of some selected insecticides and botanicals against okra shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella F. under field conditions. The insecticides tested were Relothrin 10EC @ 1ml l -1 , Marshal 20EC @ 2ml l -1 and Riva 2.5 EC @ ml l -1 ; and the botanicals were NSKE @ 50g l -1 , Neem leaf extract @ 100g l -1 and Bishkatali leaf extract @ 100g l -1 . An additional treatment of Mechanical control (hand picking) and an untreated control were maintained in the experiment for comparison. All treatments were applied at 15 days interval. Shoot infestation was the lowest in Marshal 20EC treated plot (4.34% at pre-fruiting and 3.55% at fruiting stage) and the highest was in untreated control plot (21.4%). The lowest fruit infestation by okra shoot and fruit borer was obtained with Marshal 20EC (5.07% n/n and 3.65% w/w) followed by Relothrin 10EC (5.43% n/n and 4.27% w/w) and the highest infestation was observed under untreated control plot (19.67% n/n and 19.81% w/w). The reduction of fruit infestation over untreated control ranged from 56.93-81.55% by number and 43.47-74.22% by weight. The highest marketable yield (10.46 t ha-1) was obtained in Marshal 20EC treated plot followed by in Relothrin 10EC 10.30 t ha-1 with the maximum benefit cost ratio (BCR) 6.72. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 353-362, June 2017


Zinc status is difficult to assess, and much emphasis has been placed on serum zinc levels. However, the distribution of zinc in the human body suggests that serum zinc will not be a good indicator of zinc status. The use of zinc measurements in red cells, leucocytes, hair, urine and sweat samples is discussed. Measurements of sweat zinc concentration were performed on two adult control groups (n=30 and n=53) and on 145 children aged from 2 to 15 years. The reference ranges for sweat zinc were established. A comparison is made of hair, leucocyte, serum and sweat zinc levels in 10 people with normal hair zinc, 10 with low hair zinc, 4 with high hair zinc and 16 with clinical signs of zinc deficiency. The results demonstrate that sweat zinc is the sample of choice for the assessment of zinc status and that leucocyte zinc is almost as useful. Serum zinc is unreliable except in severe deficiencies and the danger of relying on serum zinc to exclude a diagnosis of deficiency is emphasized.


This article examines Taiwan's foreign policy towards Southeast Asia during Ma Ying-jeou's two-term (2008–2016) and Tsai Ing-wen's first-term (2016–2020) presidencies. It discusses the context of East Asian regionalisation and regionalism, and Ma's and Tsai's primary objectives for their strategies in relation to the ASEAN region. With a focus on their trade, investment, tourism and higher education policies towards the region, this article evaluates how successful their polices have been in achieving the goals in the relevant areas.


The remarkable coloured reflection from certain crystals of chlorate of potash described by Stokes,* the colours of old decomposed glass, and probably those of some beetles and butterflies, lend interest to the calcula tion of reflection from a regular stratification, in which the alternate strata, each uniform and of constant thickness, differ in refractivity. The higher the number of strata, supposed perfectly regular, the nearer is the approach to homogeneity in the light of the favoured wave-lengths. In a crystal of chlorate described by R. W. Wood, the purity observed would require some 700 alternations combined with a very high degree of regularity. A general idea of what is to be expected may be arrived at by considering the case where a single reflection is very feeble, but when the component reflections are more vigorous, or when the number of alternations is very great, a more


This paper studies the presence of foreign affiliates of multinational companies established in Venezuela in the period 1989-2009. The methodology was based on descriptive field research. From a database, a sample was composed of 163 subsidiaries in the period under study. For analysis of data the study period was divided in two decades and was classified according to different criteria: region of origin of the multinational, form of incorporation to the multinational, activity of the subsidiary and the subsidiary typology according to role played in the multinational. The results show that the rate of establishment of subsidiaries in Venezuela has declined, most of the subsidiaries has European origin with a presence of Latin American subsidiaries in consolidation, established as new


Vasken Dilsizian and Gerald Pohost, eds 272 pages. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing; 2006. $125.00. ISBN 1–40512–447–4

Major technological advances in computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance (MR) have propelled imaging, particularly integrated imaging, into the forefront of the management of cardiovascular disease patients. Imaging has become the cornerstone of medical diagnosis, early detection, and treatment. Although CT and MR imaging provide exquisite morphological and pathological details, PET explores pathophysiological alterations. In the book Cardiac CT, PET and MR , Drs Dilsizian and Pohost, along with a group of highly accomplished investigators, deliver timely and comprehensive information on advanced cardiovascular imaging techniques. Both editors are leaders and outstanding educators in the field of noninvasive imaging with a …


The author of the article puts Tadeusz Dąbrowski's poems, the poet from Gdansk, as the subject to reflextion. The considerations include the following volumes of poetry: Te Deum (2008), Black square (2009), Between (2013). The author analyses the selected poems in reading-response criticism aspect and in the context of the theory of language mediation and the act of communication. By developing allusions to light and shade figure philosophy by Martin Heidegger as well as the analogies of Dąbrowski's poetry to photography, he tries to show the specificity of Tadeusz Dąbrowski's poetic output.


The stock market is typically affected by various factors for a long time, such as politics, economics, and finance. These are expressed through online media that people can easily access today. Moreover, in the digital era, data growth is an exponential trend, and a million records of data are generated through many online platforms over the internet. To utilize that information in time, a stock sentimental analysis system integrated with the transformer base model is proposed. This work applies the transformer base models that can break through NLP limitations from the past. Furthermore, we gather data as fundamental analysis in Thai financial content from a financial institution. However, to compare the result between embedding techniques with baseline, we use multinomial logistic regression in the form of a predictive model and apply the baseline, the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). Our experiment shows that WangchanBERTa and BERT can achieve high accuracy at 92.52% and 89.12%, respectively, and the baseline result is 85.03%. In conclusion, our proposed system can precisely predict stock sentiment in Thai with high accuracy.


A railroad wheel reference groove locating gauge for determining a measurement of an annular reference groove machined in a face of a railroad wheel spaced radially outwardly from an axle on which the wheel is mounted a predetermined distance indicative of the wheel diameter, with the measurement being taken while the wheel remains connected to the axle, the gauge comprising an elongate member having a first end and a second end, indicia on the elongate member at the first end thereof indicative of a length along the elongate member; and an attachment element at the second end of the elongate member for detachably securing the gauge relative to an axis of rotation of the axle, with the elongate member extending radially to the first end thereof adjacent the reference groove on the wheel for enabling the use of the indicia to determine the diameter of the reference groove.


In this paper, the state estimation problem for discrete-time linear systems with Markov jumps in the parameters and multiplicative noises is considered. As a result, a novel suboptimal algorithm is proposed in the sense of minimum mean-square error. The proposed algorithm is recursive, and does not increase computation and storage load with time. Computer simulations are carried out to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.


Density functional theory (DFT) periodic structure calculations have been employed to investigate the interaction of propylene within the acidic chabazite zeolite (Si/Al = 11). In agreement with previous studies, it is found that secondary alkoxy formation is preferred over primary alkoxy formation. Steric constraints appear not to affect the course of the reaction. Analysis of the radial distribution of the zeolitic atoms with respect to the Bronsted site aluminum atom allows further insight into the reaction. Changes in the zeolite oxygen atom position are more significant than those of the zeolite silicon atoms. Relaxation of unit cell size and shape has a dramatic influence on energetic parameters of the reaction path.


Herein the Mineralogic and the Geologic Maps of Vesta are being compared using geospatial analysis tools commonly found in Geographic Information Systems.


The analysis of possibility of creation of the utilitarian car for local marking of road coverings of parking places, zones, game and athletic fields is carried out. Recommendations about configuration of the car and to designing of the roller pump with a flexible element are resulted.


Acetyl-DL-leucine (ADLL) is a derivative of the branched chain amino acid leucine. In observational clinical studies ADLL improved symptoms of ataxia, in particular in patients with the lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), Niemann-Pick disease type C 1 (NPC1). Here, we investigated ADLL and its enantiomers acetyl-L-leucine (ALL) and acetyl-D-leucine (ADL) in symptomatic Npc1-/- mice and observed an improvement in ataxia with both enantiomers and ADLL. When ADLL and ALL were administered pre-symptomatically to Npc1-/- mice, both treatments delayed disease progression and extended life span, whereas ADL did not. These data are consistent with ALL being the neuroprotective enantiomer. Altered glucose and antioxidant metabolism were found to be implicated as one of the potential mechanisms of action of the L enantiomer in Npc1-/- mice. When miglustat and ADLL were used in combination significant synergy resulted. In agreement with these pre-clinical data, when NPC1 patients were evaluated after 12 months of ADLL treatment, rates of disease progression were slowed, with stabilisation or improvement in multiple neurological domains. A beneficial effect of ADLL on gait was also observed in this study in a mouse model of GM2 gangliosidosis (Sandhoff disease) and in Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease patients in individual-cases of off-label-use. Taken together, we have identified an unanticipated neuroprotective effect of acetyl-L-leucine and underlying mechanisms of action in LSDs, supporting its further evaluation in clinical trials in lysosomal disorders.


Theoretical calculations of instability criteria and critical wave length of charged jets at fast charge relaxations are presented. An acceptable conformity of theory with experiments is demonstrated.


The negative ion photoelectron spectra of As , As2 2 , As3 2 , As4 2 , and As5 2 have been measured. From these, the electron affinities of As, As 2 , As3 , As4 , and As5 have been determined to be 0.814, 0.739, 1.45, 0.8, and;1.7 eV, respectively. In the case of As 2 2 , the following molecular constants were also determined: r e(As2 )52.239 Å, ve(As2 !5293 cm, vexe(As2 !54.9 cm, D0(As2 !53.89 eV, and DE@Pg(3/2)2 Pg(1/2)#50.256 eV. In the case of As 3 2 , vertical detachment energy~VDE! was measured to be 1.62 eV, and for As 3 , DE( A22 B1) was determined to be 0.36 eV. For As 4 2 , VDE was found to be 1.52 eV. The relatively high stability of As5 2 suggests that it, like P 5 2 , may be a candidate for forming cluster-assembled, ionic crystals of stoichiometry, MAs5 , where M is an alkali metal atom. Similiarities with other small cluster anions of Group V elements are also discussed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics. @S0021-9606 ~98!00748-X#


In contrast to statements in a recent article in this Journal, the bonding electrons in methane can be properly described in terms of localized electrons, and photoelectron spectroscopy does not indicate otherwise. There is no good reason to abandon the description of the chemical bonds of methane in terms of localized bonds formed by covalent linking of hybrid orbitals.


The recommendations for a methodology for determining Resource Impact Factors (RIF); a method for applying these factors to the current format of ASHRAE Standard 90A-77 (Section 12 of Standard 90); and other recommendations are summarized. The report also includes examples of the use of the methodology recommended, and relevant or pertinent supporting data. ASHRAE Standard 90 deals with energy conservation in new buildings. Such factors include the availability, social, economic, environmental, and national issues associated with the resource quantities of fuel and energy resources consumed.


The new curriculum reformation of the elementary education from 1999 in our country fits the trend of the seven seas. Support of policy and fund from governments and educational authorities, strengthen teachers' training methods to improve their quality, change teachers' idea to reform classroom teaching methods are needed to ensure the effective implement.


Objective To investigate the causes of premature delivery and the influence on the pregnant women and fetus, and provide a base for its prevention and cure. Methods Compared with simultaneous term birth in 200 cases, the causes of premature delivery in 200 cases and the influence on the pregnant women and fetus were retrospectively analyzed. Contrasting analysis was performed about the influence of tocolysis and non-tocolysis therapy on the pregnant women and fetus with premature delivery from preterm premature rupture of membrane(PPROM) in 35 gestational weeks. Results The main causes included premature rupture of membrane, placental factors, unknown aetiology, bigeminal, glutea position, intrahepatic cholestasis of gestational period(ICP), gestational hypertension and so on. Tocolysis management including prenatal glucocorticoid combined with antibiotics and suppressant of uterine contraction could effectively lower the perinatal mortality in the patients with premature delivery from PPROM in 35 gestational weeks. High risk group of premature delivery referred to those women with various kinds of gestational cervicovaginitis, with history of premature delivery or abortion, in low social layer and without antenatal care. Conclusions The management for prevention of premature delivery, which includes active treatment of various kinds of cervicovaginitis in progestation, intensive antenatal care in high risk group of premature delivery, prevention and cure of premature rupture of membrane and various kinds of complications and tocolysis therapy of PPROM in 35 gestational weeks, is very important for the improvement of medical quality in perinatology.


The present paper focuses on developing and testing various reliable and robust tools with the aim of managing energy sources and promoting renewable energy for the city of Perpignan (south of France). In this sense, forecasting average wind speeds was the main objective of the work, leading to propose a forecast methodology including a (discrete) wavelet-based multi- resolution analysis of available historical data, used as training data, and an estimation of the coefficients of the wavelet decomposition in the original resolution, using trained Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), of the next day, next week or next month average wind speed. Then, the reconstruction of a forecasted daily, weekly or monthly average wind speed is performed by simply summing up the estimated coefficients. According to the nature (that is to say daily, weekly or monthly) of a to-be-predicted average wind speed and because the purpose of the proposed methodology is identifying patterns in time series data, only previous days, weeks or months average wind speeds were considered. Finally, and because of the accuracy of the predicted average wind speeds, one can consider that the obtained results by means of the proposed DWT-ANN methodology are satisfactory even very satisfactory.


For the treatment and prevention of thrombo-embolic disease, the most frequently used anticoagulant drug worldwide is warfarin, an oral coumarin derivative, with more than 30 million prescriptions written for this drug in the United States in 2004.(1) The drug has a narrow therapeutic index and its metabolism varies by as much as a factor of 10 among individual patients, making warfarin therapy difficult to manage. Hemorrhagic complication rates of warfarin are estimated to be 5-7.9% for major (life threatening) hemorrhage and 14-36% for minor hemorrhage (e.g. nosebleeds, microscopic hematuria).(2) This condition makes it difficult to establish the appropriate dose of warfarin.


In this paper, we suggest a parallel algorithm based on a shared memory SIMD architecture for solving an n item subset-sum problem in time O(2/p) by using p = 2 processors, 0 6 q 6 n 2 2log2n. This approach is an optimal and scalable parallelization of the well known two-list Horowitz and Sahni s algorithm, which is still the best complexity time bound for solving the Knapsack problem in a serial environment. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Abstract : Fiction is a means of telling us something about reality (Iser,1987:53). This paper aims at
presenting a proof of that statement by analyzing a short story written by Melvin Dixon (1950-1992) entitled
Jesse. Iser said that every textual mode involves certain heuristic decisions; the model cannot be equated with
the literary itsef, but simply opens up a means of access to it. So, in the discussion, the writer of this paper will
open up a detailed interpretation through the text to give access for readers to find various point of view in an
effort to understand the story.
Melvin Dixon is well known as an Afro-American writer who spoke and wrote about his homosexuality
very openly; for which he was both criticized and celebrated. The analysis of the short story will be a mental
evidence to convince readers the reality in fiction : through a short story, we see realities of life . Theoretically
speaking, the finding of this paper gives the application of trend in literary study : the term of past-present-future. We are learning a past writing, analyzes it at the present time, finding the values to understand the similar
theme of Jesse in our real life and put those values for the enlightenment of our future. Literary works are
always written with a moral teaching inside.
Key-words : The reality, fiction, speech-act theory


The restructuring situation of organic pigment manufacturing industry in the world, and the growth of the demand for organic pigments were introduced in this article. Those developing measures adopted at present by the organic pigment industry oversea were pointed out, too. All of the information mentioned here are important for domestic organic pigment industry to regulate the organization and to develop new pigments.


ABSTRACT Gulf of Mannar (GoM) in the southeast coast of India is known for its coral reefs and reef-associated biodiversity. Corals in GoM were affected to a significant extent by climate change-driven coral bleaching in 2016, and are currently recovering. After the bleaching mortality that corals suffered, the competition for space between corals and sponges is obvious in GoM. Rhabdastrella globostellata is a common marine sponge found overgrowing live coral colonies of the patch reefs in GoM at Pattinamaruthoor in March 2019. Underwater assessment of the reef revealed that 60.06% live coral cover was dominated by Acropora corals (81.91%). Among the acroporans 8.23% of colonies were found overgrown by R. globostellata. During the night dives the tiger cowrie Cypraea tigris was observed to feed on R. globostellata. From this observation the present study infers that C. tigris helps the corals fight these sponges, and concludes that tiger cowries should be protected and promoted to tackle climate change implications.


The frequencies with predominant amplitudes in low specific speed Francis turbines are related to rotor-stator interaction and they are calculated on the basis of the runner rotational speed and the number of guide vanes and runner blades. Pressure pulsations in the blade channels can be a reason for noise and vibration in the turbine above allowed level. High pressure pulsations can be caused by certain combination of runner blades and guide vanes number and/or resonance with one of the runner's natural frequencies. The stress parameters of the Francis-99 turbine guide vanes and their modifications are analysed in this paper. The main aim is to determine the impact of the geometry modification (thinner for increased efficiency) of the guide vanes on the Francis turbine stresses by performing numerical simulations. The original Francis-99 turbine guide vane geometry and three modifications consisting of new guide vane shapes are being considered. The numerical investigation of the flow field is based on the k-ω SST turbulence model with 'frozen rotor' approach selected, constituting a quasi-steady state analysis, without taking into account the physical rotation of the runner to obtain Rotor-Stator Interaction (RSI). Pressure distribution on one guide vane determined by a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the turbine is coupled to a Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation in order to analyse the stresses. The results from the one-way fluid-structure interaction analysis give the stresses distribution and deformations of the guide vanes. Moreover, modal-acoustics analysis is conducted to obtain the natural frequencies of the guide vanes in water and comparison is made with the calculated vortex shedding frequencies to estimate the risk of resonance.


Abstract We discuss the distribution properties of hybrid sequences whose components stem from Niederreiter–Halton sequences on the one hand, and Kronecker sequences on the other. In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the uniform distribution of such sequences, and derive a result regarding their discrepancy. We conclude with a short summary and a discussion of topics for future research.


To explore the level of HBV DNA after plasma exchange(PE) in patients with severe hepatitis and its prognoses.Randomized 60 patients who were infected with hepatitis B virus and suffering from severe hepatitis.20 cases were treated with only basic medical therapy as control group,while 40 cases treated with PE on the basic medical therapy as treatment group.It showed that the level of serum HBV DNA was decreased after PE therapy.The level of serum HBV DNA was significantly decreased in recovering patients comparing with the worse patients and the control group.The PE therapy could effectively eliminate the serum HBV DNA in patients with severe hepatitis and improve the liver function and prognoses.Then the survival rate of patients increased.


We have performed the solution of the non-stationary thermal conductivity problem for a single-core copper cable with PVC-plastic insulation. The necessity of solving this problem is due to the strong dependence of the insulation properties on temperature. The solution is made numerically by the finite element method. The problem is solved in a two-dimensional formulation. Flat triangular finite elements are used. The form functions are accepted as linear. Internal sources of heat and convective heat transfer at the interface between insulation and the environment are considered. The problem has been reduced to a system of linear differential equations of the first order. Integration of the system is performed by the Euler method. The calculations were performed in the Matlab package using the PDE library. The cable temperature growth graphs are presented for different current values and temperature in the insulation thickness. In all cases, the temperature in the cable tends to a finite value.


Complementary studies from the reference Clear Creek watershed and nine typical watersheds are used to evaluate cropping practices and water quality.


In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the field of ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM). We begin by briefly discussing the emergence of methods for probing ultrafast structural dynamics and the information that can be obtained. Distinctions are drawn between the two main types of probes for femtosecond (fs) dynamics—fast electrons and X-ray photons—and emphasis is placed on how the nature of charged particles is exploited in ultrafast electron-based experiments. Following this, we describe the versatility enabled by the ease with which electron trajectories and velocities can be manipulated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) hardware configurations, and we emphasize how this is translated to the ability to measure scattering intensities in real, reciprocal, and energy space from presurveyed and selected nanoscale volumes. Owing to decades of ongoing research and development into TEM instrumentation combined with advances in specimen holder technology, comprehensive experiments can be con...


The outcomes of education and growth are mixed. This paper revisits the debate on the impact of education on economic growth by focusing on the effect of governance. Our sample covers 13 countries in the Middle East & North Africa and 37 OECD countries during the period 1990- 2020. For a dynamic panel type model, we preferred the GMM estimation approach in order to appropriately verify the relevance of the supporting indicators. Our objective is to determine whether the effects of education and governance on growth depend on the level of development of the country. Our results show that good governance contributes to economic growth in OECD countries. Strong governance raises the level and quality of education of the population and stimulates growth. The governance system is still being built for the nations of the MENA region, and it has several flaws. These results have important policy implications. Governments in the MENA region must invest more domestic resources in education and raise the standard of their institutions by implementing good governance practices if they want to improve output. Economic performance is possible when the governing principles are applied strictly, severely, and effectively. The advancement of education and the achievement of economic prosperity require efficient governance.


Cobalt doped Copper Tartrate (CoCT) crystals were grown in silica gel medium using single diffusion methods at room temperature, passing semiconductor laser and passing various UV visible radiation. The optimum conditions were obtained by varying parameters such as gel concentration, pH of gel, gel setting time, the concentration of reactance. The presence of cobalt, copper, carbon, and oxygen is confirmed by the Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The crystals obtained, are regular or elongated shaped depending on the growth and environmental conditions. The grown crystals are characterized by FTIR and PXRD. TGA studies explain the thermal behavior of the grown CoCT crystal. UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectroscopic analysis measured the energy gap and, to study the optical transparency of the grown crystals.


This work presents the potential of fully- depleted SO1 technology to implement current and voltage reference sources for very wide temperature range applications. Design of these reference sources is realized using device measurements. Implementation results show temperature coefficient better than 1 OOppm from room temperature to 300°C.


At the heavy ion storage ring CRYRING in Stockholm, Sweden, we have investigated the dissociative recombination of DCOOD+2 at low relative kinetic energies, from ∼1 meV to 1 eV. The thermal rate coefficient has been found to follow the expression k(T) = 8.43 × 10−7 (T/300)−0.78 cm3 s−1 for electron temperatures, T, ranging from ∼10 to ∼1000 K. The branching fractions of the reaction have been studied at ∼2 meV relative kinetic energy. It has been found that ∼87% of the reactions involve breaking a bond between heavy atoms. In only 13% of the reactions do the heavy atoms remain in the same product fragment. This puts limits on the gas-phase production of formic acid, observed in both molecular clouds and cometary comae. Using the experimental results in chemical models of the dark cloud, TMC-1, and using the latest release of the UMIST Database for Astrochemistry improves the agreement with observations for the abundance of formic acid. Our results also strengthen the assumption that formic acid is a component of cometary ices.


Introduction: the spine muscles are traditionally described as "back muscles". Several differences are found to determine the muscle classification/nomenclature and the topographic organization, which are often confusing or misleading. A recent alternative method to study the spine muscles based on specific functional and morphological criteria was published considering modern anatomy teaching this new method proposes the spine muscles categorization in seven strata. This study aimed to investigate which method, the traditional or the seven strata, allows for a more accurate perception of knowledge. Methods: 123 health science students in different academic levels attended lectures in both the traditional and the seven strata method. Descriptive statistics were used to present the multiple-choice or Likert-type scale questions, and the descriptive critical review was analyzed through thematic analysis. Results: the overall students preferred the seven strata method as a comprehensive and didactic strategy to study the spine. Conclusion: these results validate the seven strata method as a didactic strategy to teach spine muscles in medical, physical therapy, and postgraduation courses.


Bioteknologi is a science integrity that can be used to set new applied technology in the spectrum of agriculture, animal husbundary, fishery and medical. Biotechnology can be used as a modern technology to develop raw material in order to produce a benefit quality and quantity products.
Biotechnology in the area of food have been developed several years ago. Results of the development of biotechnology in food crops have produced new generation of food crops with quality development of increasing quantity and nutrition value or pest and disease resistance. Several plants have been tried such tomato, grain, cassava, corn and beans. Even though the food crops biotechnology will expect to produce a benefit production, but the side effect of using this products should take in to consideration. These productiobn may give a negative impact for the human such as toxicity allergy anaphulactic shock.


Here, we show a simple approach to synthesize cobalt and cobalt oxide nanoparticles in an organic solvent. We find that the cubic Co3O4 nanoparticles can be easily obtained, even at temperatures as low as 80 °C. Moreover, exactly the same reaction at 180 °C leads to metallic Co nanoparticles. Thus, in addition to the synthetic efforts, we study the mechanism of occurrence of oxidation and reduction of a Co2+ precursor in benzyl alcohol. Remarkably, the in situ X-ray absorption and diffraction measurements of the synthesis at 140 °C reveal that oxidation of Co2+ to Co3+/2+ and reduction of Co2+ to Co0 reactions take place simultaneously. It is followed by a rapid formation of Co3O4 nanoparticles and its consecutive solid-state reduction to CoO. In parallel, metallic Co nanoparticles begin to grow. In addition, Multicomponent Curve Resolution–Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data efficiently reveals the nontrivial interdependence between four different reac...


long-term inflation expectations using Consensus Economics Inc. semiannual surveys of market forecasters, and we employ the methods of Stock (1991) and Hansen (1999) to obtain median-unbiased measures of persistence for total and core consumer price inflation (CPI). Finally, since the experience with IT in the emerging market economies (EMEs) is mainly limited to the past few years, our analysis of these economies follows an event-study approach similar to that of Bernanke et al. (1999). For the industrialized economies, our evidence indicates that IT has played a significant role in anchoring long-run inflation expectations. For the United States and the euro area, private-sector inflation forecasts (at horizons up to ten years) exhibit a highly significant correlation with a three-year moving average of lagged inflation.3 In contrast, at the longest horizons this correlation is largely absent for the five IT countries, indicating that these countries' central banks have been quite successful in delinking expectations from realized inflation.4 We also find that actual inflation exhibits mark-


HZcvd catalysts, which were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of methyl trioxorhenium CH 3 -ReO 3 on H-ZSM-5 (HZ) and subsequent treatment at 673 K, exhibited significant activities in the selective oxidation/ammoxidation of propene. The catalytic selective oxidation of propene to acrolein never proceeded in the absence of ammonia. In the HZcvd catalysts, the hydrophilic nature of HZ increased, and the crystallinity of the HZ framework decreased as indicated by XRD. The detailed characterizations by XRD, 2 9 Si and 2 7 Al MAS NMR, XANES, and EXAFS at the sequential stages of the catalyst preparation demonstrated the occurrence of structural changes of Re species during the preparation and under the catalytic reaction conditions. CH 3 ReO 3 interacted with protons of HZ at 333 K, the subsequent treatment at 673 K formed tetrahedral [ReO 4 ] monomer, and ammonia promoted the formation of a new [Re 6 O 1 7 ] cluster at 673 K. A proposed cluster structure constituted an octahedral Re 6 framework with an Re-Re bond at 0.276 nm and terminal and bridge oxygen atoms (Re=O at 0.172 nm and Re-O at 0.203 nm, respectively). Thirty-two percent of these oxygen atoms were active for the selective oxidation of propene to acrolein. The active [Re 6 O 1 7 ] clusters were converted to the inactive [ReO 4 1]monomers in the absence of ammonia.


Compressive sensing provides a new idea for machinery monitoring, which greatly reduces the burden on data transmission. After that, the compressed signal will be used for fault diagnosis by feature extraction and fault classification. However, traditional fault diagnosis heavily depends on the prior knowledge and requires a signal reconstruction which will cost great time consumption. For this problem, a deep belief network (DBN) is used here for fault detection directly on compressed signal. This is the first time DBN is combined with the compressive sensing. The PCA analysis shows that DBN has successfully separated different features. The DBN method which is tested on compressed gearbox signal, achieves 92.5 % accuracy for 25 % compressed signal. We compare the DBN on both compressed and reconstructed signal, and find that the DBN using compressed signal not only achieves better accuracies, but also costs less time when compression ratio is less than 0.35. Moreover, the results have been compared with other classification methods.


The ultimate aims of this research are to design robust feedback control system which would contribute to more effective control of bridges, and to prove its validity by computer simulation and an experiment on reduced forms. This paper is particularly concerned with the evaluation of unified robust control system by a computer simulation as the first part of the whole project. A numerical example is applied to a bridge model of four-degree-of-freedom system which applied the EL Centro excitation as ground acceleration. The stability and performance of nominal system is investigated by applying the optimal output feedback controller designed by unified control system. The perturbed bound value, which is related to the stability of the system, was derived by an algorithm of the unified control system. In the real system which includes the perturbed bound value with nominal system, its robust stability and effectiveness were examined by an output feedback controller. Such a process was done by numerical simulation of computer control system in order to make the real control system equivalent to the constructed one. The simulation results show that the designed controller can be effective to solve the problem of performance degradation of the control system.


The present research had as its overall objective to determine the feasibility for the establishment of a micro enterprise of cakes and marketing in the City of Loja, was used for the compilation of information the survey technique applied to consumers of cakes for families in the city of Loja, as well as suppliers of this type of product, of which information regarding the demand was collected for at a later stage will proceed to continue the feasibility study needed to be undertaken in the microenterprise, which reaches an acceptable feasibility, so that it can be put into practice.
It should be noted that the micro- called "CAXARO" is located in the city of Loja, in the district Perpetuo Socorro, belonging to the parish Sucre on the street Mercadillo between Av. Pio Jaramillo Garcia Nicolas street, since it is a strategic sector and accessible for citizens to acquire the product.
For the study was applied to a sample of 396 families, information that allowed us to determine the actual demand, effective demand, the share of micro and supply of the product, resulting in a per capita consumption of 12.10 units per household annually cake.
Likewise is the administrative organization established with the different hierarchical levels and functions to be performed by each of the persons who will serve on microenterprise. Was also determined its structure and it is anticipated that the life of the project is for a period of 5 years.
Microenterprise have an installed capacity 16,640 pies a year, so it is used has a capacity for 11,648 the first year and will increase each year up to cover 98% of the installed capacity.
The investment required is $ 18.534,04 of which 53.95% is borrowed capital and 46,05% of equity partners.
According to the results of the financial evaluation of the project is feasible to implement , demonstrating the positive values of the different indicators such as: the net value is achieved in the project is $ 29.810.42 which indicates a positive value, for therefore, the investment decision is appropriate, the internal rate of return is 15.46%.
The cost benefit ratio is $ 1.29, this means that the indicator if it supports the project, because for every dollar invested 0.29 cents profit will be received. The capital recovery period shall be 1 year, 8 months and 22 days; sensitivity analysis in case of increase in costs is 15%, and if the reduction is 15%, indicating that the project is not sensitive to future changes.
Finally, the necessary information used to conduct market research (survey and interview) is appended.


Abstract The sorption of Np(V) to synthetic hydroxyapatite was determined in batch experiments in a 0.1M NaClO4 solution. The hydroxyapatite used was of high purity as determined by SEM, EDS, XRD, FT-IR and ICP-MS analysis. Results from kinetic experiments with an initial Np(V) concentration of 1×10-7 to 1×10-6M indicate the sorption process is relatively fast with more than 90 of the Np(V) being sorbed in approximately 3 hours. Equilibrium experiments performed over the pH range of 6 to 11 indicated sorption is strongly pH dependent with distribution coefficients, Kd values (mL/g), increasing from 123L/mole at pH 6 to 69200L/mole at pH 8.5. Kd values are observed to decrease as pH further increases. Data points over a range of Np(V) concentrations were collected at pH 8 and fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model for simple adsorption. The Langmuir equation gave an excellent representation of the data. Langmuir parameters were determined to be Ca=0.032mole/mole and K=1.22×106L/mole, indicating the high affinity of hydroxyapatite for Np(V) adsorption.


ABSTRACTFrom October 2013 to June 2015, the Victorian Office of the Public Advocate ran a pilot project to develop and implement a volunteer program to support socially isolated people with intellectual disabilities with their decision-making. The project found that once a relationship was established between volunteer and participant, then decisions could be made and implemented, as long as other concerns did not divert the participant's attention. The project required long-term and time-intensive interventions from volunteers prepared to work in complex situations. At times the coordinator provided intensive support and advocacy to facilitate decision-making. The project suggested that this model of support, targeted at socially isolated people with borderline to mild intellectual disabilities, is viable but resource intensive.


There is an extensive literature on the socially optimal pricing policy for public firms, but much less attention has been paid to the vital question of how managers of public firms can be induced to follow such policies.' The politicians or planners who seek to control a public enterprise will be less well informed about cost and demand functions than the manager, and there is no reason to suppose that managers are altruists. Thus, with asymmetrical information and selfish managers there is a significant control problem. Recently Tam [1981] has suggested an ingenious iterative incentive mechanism designed to surmount this problem. This note (a) argues that her negative price incentive scheme (NPIS) will not achieve its objective of guiding managers to price at marginal cost2 and (b) compares NPIS with variants of the performance index (PI) proposed by Scott [1952, 1978] and Finsinger and Vogelsang [1980a, 1981]. Tam's proposal is that the manager of a public firm be paid a bonus B, each period:


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The virus RNA was isolated from the isolate infected Vero cell culture, then the templates were produced by reverse transcription reaction. A pair of primers were applied to amplify the fusion region of canine distemper virus (CDV) fusion(F) protein gene. The sequence of the fusion region gene and deduced protein of CDVYZ0101 showed an identity of 99.6%, 97.9%, 92.9%, 98.9%, 76.2%, 93.3% and 98.9%, 97.9%, 97.9%, 98.9%, 83.0%, 97.9% with CDV YZ0102, CDVBJ, CDVA75/17, CDVONP, PDV2, PDV1, respectively. The result indicated the isolate was different from other relative viruses, for whether this difference infects the nosogenesis and antigenicity of virus is in farther study.


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)combined with radiofrequency ablation(RFA)in treating moderate and small primary hepatocellular carcinomas.Methods 21 cases of primary small hepatocellular carcinomas were treated first through superselective iodine oil embolization and followed by radiofrequency ablation with interventional therapy.Results 21 cases of primary small carcinomas showed 1,2,3 year survival rates as 100%,92.7%,77.7% respectively;with median survival rate of 26.8 months.Conclusion Primary small hepatic carcinomas with iodine oil embolization and radofrequency ablation outcome prominent clinical effect,providing an important therapeutic approach.


The control system of main control room (MCR) in advanced nuclear power plants (NPPs) had changed from analog control system to digital control system (DCS). The operation and control had become more automated, centralized and accurate due to the digitalization of NPPs, which improves the efficiency and security of the system. New issues associated with human reliability inevitably arise due to the adoption of new accident procedures and digitalization of MCR in the NPPs. LingAo II Nuclear Power Plant is the first digital NPP in China which applied the State Oriented Procedure (SOP). In order to address issues related to human reliability analysis (HRA) for DCS and 'DCS+SOP', the Hunan Institute of Technology (HNIT) conducted a research project based on a cooperative agreement with the LingDong Nuclear Power Co. Ltd. (LDNPC). This paper is a brief introduction of the project.


Progress in personal monitoring health systems is presented is this paper. Acquisition of biological signals can be realized through wearable embedded systems that are based on microcontrollers and RF modems. The wireless sensors networks technology has been adapted for implementation of Body Sensor Networks (BSN). A novel data acquisition system has been designed and implemented in order to acquire body physiological parameters measurements. Emergency call possibility is also considered. Development of an innovative software leads to diagnosis schemes through detection of abnormal arrhythmia incidents. This progress to the development of a standard model for monitoring patients remotely gives results that push research to improve patient's safety. The goal in this case is to integrate innovative fibrous sensors textrodes in the clothes of patients, athletes and individuals who are engaged in specific critical work (police, military, etc.). Copyright © 2016 IFSA Publishing, S. L.


The osmeterial glands of Papilio demoleus libanius Fruhstorfer (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) are composed of three types of cells: (1) Ellipsoid gland cells, situated on the base of the osmeteria and arranged in three parallel lines, lack papillae but possess thick cuticle, long and winding microvilli, an extensive tubular system, mitochondria, and secretory vacuoles; these cells are presumed to be organic acid-secreting cells. (2) Slack cells, reported for the first time, loosely surround the ellipsoid gland cells. These cells possess papillae, well-developed, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and numerous secretory vacuoles of various sizes and electron density. They may function as storage cells. (3) Tubular arm cells are situated on the distal part of the osmeterial arm. In these cells, most of the secretory vacuoles are empty and with ribosomes surrounding the vacuoles. However, there are secretory granules in the microvilli. We suggest that these glandular cells synthesize and secrete the mature secretion.


Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (Eca), Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) and Erwinia chrysanthemi (Ech) are the different sub species of Erwinia that cause the diseases commonly known as blackleg, aerial stem rot and soft rot on potato. Blackleg and aerial stem rot affect vines during the growing season, whereas soft rot affects tubers in the field and during transit and storage. The three species can cause soft rot under cool and moist conditions. E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica is the major cause of blackleg, a blackening of the stem base of potato plants, which originates from the mother tuber (Perombelon and Kelman, 1987). Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora mainly causes aerial stem rot (aerial blackleg), but under high temperatures it has been reported to cause blackleg like symptoms. E. chrysanthemi also induces blackleg-like symptoms. Until recently E. chrysanthemi had been mainly confined to warmer climates of Europe, Australia and the tropics. To date the species has been known to occur in cool temperate regions including Finland. In Finland E. chrysanthemi the strain has been reported for the first time in 2004 and it appears to spread fast in certain parts of country (Degefu, unpublished, Pirhonen, personal communication). Although infested crop residues and rotting tubers are among the important sources of inoculum, latent infections in seed tuber provide the major source of infection in potato production (Hannukkala and Segertedt, 2004). At the seed potato laboratory MTT, Ruukki we are carrying out research and services on PCR (DNA) based detection of latent infection of blackleg and soft rot Erwinia strains. The enrichment of the bacteria in semi selective liquid medium prior to PCR ( BIO-PCR) is an important initial step for the success in PCR detection extremely low number of the target bacteria from tubers. The different strains appear to differ in their ability to compete with other saprophytes and reach the target detection limit of bacterial population during the enrichment culture of the potato peel extract. Results of prior PCR enrichment of the bacteria, detection limits of the different strains and preliminary data, from the analysis of some seed lots from the high grade area of north Ostrobothnia and Aland regions, on the occurrence of the strains and the new trends of introduction and spread of E. chrysanthemi in Finland are presented and discussed. Evaluation of the current status of Erwinia diagnostics and areas of future research are highlighted


We achieved mid-10−10 Ω-cm2 n-type S/D contact resistivity (npc) and 1.9×10−9 Ω-cm2 p-type S/D contact resistivity (ppc) by employing laser-induced liquid or solid phase epitaxy (LPE/SPE) of Si:P and Ge:Group-III-Metal metastable alloys inside nano-scale contact trenches. The Ge: Group-III-Metal alloy allows for a metal-Ge Fermi level pinning effect to lower Schottky barrier height (SBH) while reducing both bulk and unipolar heterojunction resistances. Correspondingly, large Ron reduction and Id gain have been realized in scaled n- and p-FinFETs with the contact length of less than 20nm.


Do attitudes toward issues such as abortion, LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) rights, and tolerance of diversity matter to U.S. voters and elections? Scholarship on rights and tolerance support has failed to take into account the potentially confounding influence of racial resentment as a factor behind voter choice. This is a serious limitation that we seek to address with American National Election Studies data for presidential elections from 1992 through 2016. We bring together for the first time rights and tolerance support and racial resentment, alongside further consideration of anti-immigrant sentiments and white identity. Racial resentment and anti-immigrant sentiments shape the behavior of voters, but there is new evidence for the large influence of rights and tolerance attitudes, including with respect to the 2016 presidential election. The results suggest a growing dependence of Democratic candidates on high levels of rights and tolerance support. We discuss implications for theory and research on voter choice.


Most anticancer drugs are rendered less efficacious due to cell resistance to chemotherapy related to various mechanisms. A major mechanism is associated with the overexpression of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, especially P-glycoprotein (Pgp/ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1/ ABCC1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2), which traffic chemotherapeutic agents out of cancer cells. ABCG2 was simultaneously discovered by three research groups and named ABCP for its abundance in placenta, BCRP for its identification in breast cancer cell lines, and MXR for its resistance to mitoxantrone. ABCG2 constitutes an important target for the design of efflux inhibitors that would, when co-administered with an anticancer agent, give increased intracellular drug concentrations and hence greater cytotoxicity. While several types of ABCG2 inhibitors have been evaluated in vitro, very few have entered preclinical trials. We recently discovered that some substituted chromones are selective and potent ABCG2 inhibitors. These compounds were synthesized in five steps, and the overall yields were quite low. In pursuing our efforts toward structurally simple and easily accessible specific inhibitors of BCRP, we investigated 6-halogenochromones linked to a tryptamine unit, obtained in only one step, as new potent inhibitors (Scheme 1). The choice of C-6 as the site of halogenation was motivated by a number of considerations: 1) the presence of a hydrophobic halogen at the C-6 position fulfills the previously identified need for a hydrophobic substituent in this part of the molecule; 2) halogens, especially bromine and iodine, have a positive contribution to inhibitory activity ; 3) halogens could open interesting opportunities for the generation of further potential inhibitors, as they can be easily replaced by a number of chemical entities. Access to target compounds 3–7 was achieved in one step by coupling 6-substituted-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylic acid (1) with tryptamine (2) in the presence of bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphonic chloride (BOP-Cl) as the coupling agent (Scheme 2; full details are given in the Supporting Information). 6-Iodo-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylic acid (R= I) was not commercially available, but was easily obtained by hydrolysis of the commercially available corresponding ethyl ester with sodium hydrogen carbonate (20% in water) at 80 8C. The test compounds were first screened by flow cytometry for their effects on the inhibition of mitoxantrone efflux in Scheme 1. Retrosynthetic rationale for the synthesis of targeted BCRP inhibitors, and the structures of the commercially available starting materials 1 and 2.


IN the following study, an investigation has been made into the procedure of removing a whole lung and its after-effects upon the experimental animal, in order that similar changes, which occur in man after the operation of pneumonectomy, may be more fully understood. Furthermore, the possibility of performing the operation in two stages has been investigated, and a test suggested which may be performed at an early stage in the operation to decide whether the patient will successfully survive the procedure of pneumonectomy.


Disasters usually spread rapidly. Good instructions and efficient communication is essential as these are considered the main portion of the required response and can highly improve the public safety. This article proposes a comprehensive web cloud notification application that can handle various emergency situations. It sends real-time alerts and instructions to all the affected and needed people through their mobile phones and all computer screens within a given organization, no matter where they are (inside or outside the given organization). Moreover, these people do not necessarily have to have a mobile phone with a specific operating system, such as an Android smartphone as was much of the previous work. This is because the proposed system only requires any browser that runs on any device with any operating system including cell phones. The reason for this is that the proposed system is a cloud application, which means no installation is required to use it.


This study was performed to Measure and Priorities of Service Quality of Pakistanian Maritime Training Institutes (case study Karachi Institute) by using SERVQUAL and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) models. In this applied descriptive-survey study, 200 Trainees of Maritime Training Institutions in Pakistan were selected by stratified random sampling method in 2012. The main research tool was The Standard Questionnaire of SERVQUAL Model which had already been assessed regarding its validity and reliability. Results reveal that there is a gap between the perceived and desired service level; furthermore we witnessed no adequate quality service in all Dimensions; what's more, t-test also indicated that there is a significant difference between the desired and the perceived quality service level. The highest average of quality gap was observed in the reliability (-1/20) and then in responsiveness (-1/16), tangibles (-1/02), and assurance (-0/91), respectively. The lowest average belonged to empathy (-0/87). Finally this research introduces practical suggestions to promote the service quality of Maritime Training Institutions.


The invention discloses a sand-controlled pumping device of a submarine caisson gas-liquid separator. The sand-controlled pumping device comprises an external swirl chamber, an internal swirl chamber, a sand storage chamber and an electric submersible pump, wherein the inner part of the external swirl chamber is sleeved with the internal swirl chamber; the sand storage chamber sleeves the bottom of the external swirl chamber; the electric submersible pump is arranged at the upper part of the internal swirl chamber and is connected with an electric motor; a spiral inlet pipe of the external swirl chamber is arranged at the upper part of the external swirl chamber in a fit manner; a plurality of rows of sand removal holes are formed in the periphery of the lower part of the external swirl chamber; a plurality of stopping rib plates are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the sand storage chamber; a suction inlet of the electric submersible pump is formed in the upper part of the internal swirl chamber; the suction inlet of the electric submersible pump is connected with the electric submersible pump; an internal swirl chamber spiral inclining pipe is arranged in the bottom of the internal swirl chamber; and the electric motor is inserted into the space of the internal swirl chamber. According to the sand-controlled pumping device, the damage to the electric submersible pump caused by large-grained sand is prevented; deposition of fine sand at the bottom of the caisson is prevented; the problem of blockage of the separator is solved; and the required sand storage space is reduced.


In order to screen new corn varieties with good quality,high yield,strong resistance to diseases and suitable harvesting time,and to find out their suitability for planting in Changming town of Daxin county,10 new corn varieties were tested in a field experiment in 2009.The yield of varieties Taipingyang 98,Zhengda 629,Hongdan 4,Guidan 30 and Hongdan 3(1.32-18.95% higher as compared to control variety Zhengda 619) and 118-123 days growth duration indicated their suitability for planting in Changming town.Further,famers prefer Taipingyang 98 and Hongdan 3 rather than other corn varieties due to strong resistance to diseases and fine ear appearance,while Zhengda 305,Zhengda 518,Zhengda 16,Suyu 10 and Sanyuandeng 391 were unsuitable for extension in Changming town Daxin county because of their low yield and weak resistance.


ABSTRACT The development of European agriculture has always depended heavily on nitrogen supply. Until the middle of the 20th century nitrogen was probably the most important single factor. The paper deals with the introduction of clover in Europe, particularly in Denmark, where clover became a major crop between the 1740s and the beginning of the 19th century. The reasons for and the consequences of the disappearence of clover after 1945 are discussed. The author believes that, industrial agriculture being unsustainable, the 21st century will bring back a more sustainable clover-based agriculture.


Predicting analytics is an upcoming trend in human resources. Predictive data analytics are every where. It is in its essence a technology that learns from existing data and it uses this to forecast individual behaviour. Data mining plays an important role in the field of predictive analytics. A common and rather simple method to create a predictive model is decision tree. Human resource posse's large quantities of data. Analytics can mine data on candidate's personality, behavioural traits and skills to throw useful insights into whether he or she would be the right fit for the organization. This paper discuss about a brief literature survey on several papers published to predict employee performance using data


The current trend of study is to hybridize two and more algorithms to gain the best solution in the area of optimization problems. In this paper presents the recently developed hybrid optimization technique named PSO-GWO combines the framework of particle swarm optimization (PSO) with grey wolves optimization (GWO) to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problem. OPF is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem with conflicting objectives and subjected to both equality and inequality constraints. The performance of this technique is deliberated and evaluated on the standard IEEE 30-bus test system with a single objective and multi-objective cases such as fuel cost minimization, Active power loss reduction, Voltage profile improvement and Voltage stability enhancement, and is compared to approaches available in the literature. The hybrid PSO-GWO provides better results compared to the original PSO, GWO, and other techniques mentioned in the literature as shown in the simulation results.


Annual variation of urea in coastal waters off Goa is 0 to 2.92 I'g-at N.I -1 and 0 to 4.69 I'g-at N.I -1 in adjacent estuarine waters of Mandovi. Peaks of phytoplankton production accompanied with the decrease in urea in June and October. when ammonia and nitrate were high. indicate that urea is utilised or decomposed by phytoplankton organisms. Seasonal fluctuation of urea is between 7 and 55% of total utilizable nitrogen, which is a large reserve of nitrogen for phytoplankton growth. Assimilation ratio (L\N:L\P) indicates that nitrate is in short supply. However. urea available in these waters can substitute nitrogen deficiencies for the high rate of phytoplankton production.


Interferograms are produced with the two-plate version of the Savart interferometer by a double exposure technique. By rotating one of the Savart plates 180°, and with the aid of a rotatable mask, each of the two exposures is made to form one-half of the resulting picture. If the object being investigated contains a time-variant refractive index gradient, the interferograms are made up of two fringe systems that are displaced in opposite directions from one picture to the next. Their relative positions are a measure of the gradient, and the technique gives a gain in sensitivity by a factor two, compared with other single pass instruments. The technique has been tested for thermal diffusion measurements. The theory given here is confirmed by the experiments.


In order to realize the intellectualized diagnoses of greenhouse plant disease,the image processing based on the extract of texture characteristic value of leave was studied,by means of experiment of macula and Kerafosis disease of cucumber in greenhouse.The inertia value that is concluded by the algorithm of co-matrix was one of the better parameter for recognizing the two diseases.


In this paper,we introduce the concepts ofSH-interval-valued fuzzy left ideal,SH-interval-valuedfuzzy right ideal,SH-interval-valued fuzzy ideal and extensionprinciple of interval-valued fuzzy set,investigate someproperties and propose some theorems for homomorphic image and itsinverse image on SH-interval-valued fuzzy ideal.Finally,wediscuss and investigate some properties on character ofSH-interval-valued fuzzy left(right) ideal.


Differential equation compartmental models are invaluable tools used to forecast and analyze disease trajectories. Of these models, the subclass dealing only with susceptible and infectious individuals provides a rare and extremely useful example where solutions have a closed-form expression, as represented by the logistic equation. However, the logistic equation is limited in its capacity to describe disease trajectories, as its solutions must monotonically converge to either the disease-free equilibrium or endemic equilibrium, depending on parameters. Unfortunately, many diseases undergo periodic cycles and therefore do not converge to any equilibria. To address this limitation, we developed a generalized susceptible-infectious-susceptible compartmental model capable of describing both periodic and non-periodic disease trajectories built directly from an infectious period distribution. To demonstrate our approach, we apply the model to predict gonorrhea incidence in the US, and illustrate how model parameters affect the behavior of the system. The significance of our work is that we provide a novel susceptible-infected-susceptible model whose solution has a closed-form expression, which could be periodic or non-periodic, depending on model parameterization. Because of this, the work provides disease modelers with a simple means to investigate the potential periodic behavior of many diseases, and thereby aids in ongoing initiatives to curtail recurrent outbreaks.


Objective:To investigate the relationship between homocysteine(Hcy) and carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT).Methods:Two hundred patients were selected.High-resolution ultrasound was used to scan carotid and brachial arteries of all patients in order to check and measure CIMT,plaques of carotid arteries,and diameter of brachial arteries at rest.Patients were divided into four groups:normal carotid intima group,diffused proliferative carotid intima group,stable plaque group and unstable plaque group.Serum levels of Hcy were determined with immunological method.The relationship between the results measured by ultrasound instrument and the concentrations of Hcy was analyzed.Results:The serum levels of Hcy in proliferative carotid intima group were higher than in the normal carotid intima group(P0.05).The serum levels of Hcy in unstable plaque group and in stable plaque group were higher than those of diffused proliferative carotid intima group(P0.05).The serum levels Hcy in the unstable plaque group were higher than in stable plaque group(P0.05).Conclusion:The increased concentrations of hcy were closely correlated with the increment of carotid intima-media thickness and the unsteady state of plaque.


While the Conference on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW)-sponsored process has steadily slowed, and occasionally stalled, over the past five years, the pace of technological development in both the civilian and military spheres has accelerated. In response, this chapter suggests the development of a normative framework that would establish common procedures and de-escalation channels between states within a given regional security cooperative prior to the demonstration point of truly autonomous weapon systems. Modeling itself on the Guidelines for Air Military Encounters and Guidelines Maritime Interaction, which were recently adopted by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the goal of this approach is to limit the destabilizing and escalatory potential of autonomous systems, which are expected to lower barriers to conflict and encourage brinkmanship while being difficult to definitively attribute. Overall, this chapter focuses on evaluating potential alternatives avenues to the CCW-sponsored process by which ethical, moral, and legal concerns raised by the emergence of autonomous weapon systems could be addressed.


News recommendation is of vital importance to alleviating in-formation overload. Recent research shows that precise modeling of news content and user interests become critical for news rec-ommendation. Existing methods usually utilize information such as news title, abstract, entities to predict Click Through Rate(CTR) or add some auxiliary tasks to a multi-task learning framework. However, none of them directly consider predicted news popularity and the degree of users' attention to popular news into the CTR prediction results. Meanwhile, multiple inter-ests may arise throughout users' browsing history. Thus it is hard to represent user interests via a single user vector. In this paper, we propose PENR, a Popularity-Enhanced News Recommenda-tion method, which integrates popularity prediction task to im-prove the performance of the news encoder. News popularity score is predicted and added to the final CTR, while news popu-larity is utilized to model the degree of users' tendency to follow hot news. Moreover, user interests are modeled from different perspectives via a subspace projection method that assembles the browsing history to multiple subspaces. In this way, we capture users' multi-view interest representations. Experiments on a real-world dataset validate the effectiveness of our PENR approach.


Objective To investigate the role of testicular cells expressing Fas ligand on the survival of co-transplanted islet allografts and its mechanism. Methods The allogeneic rat islet cells and different number of testicular cells were co-transplanted into the ipsilateral or bilateral renal subcapsular space of the diabetic recipients.Survival time,the testicular cells or islets function and the apoptosis of lymphocytes in allografts were observed. Results The mean survival time of control group was 4.6±1.1 days. When islet cells were co-transplanted with 1×106 testicular cells into the ipsilateral renal subcapsular space(group A),the mean survival time of islet allografts was 23.8±4.6 days. When the number of testicular cells increased to 1×107(group B),mean survival time was more than 57.5±4.0 days(P0.01).When islet cell were co-transplanted with 1×105 testicular cells into the bilateral renal subcapsular space (group C),the mean survival time of islet cells was 6.0±1.4 days,and it was similar to control group(P0.05).When the number of testicular cells increased to 1×106(group D),mean survival time of islet cell was 11.5±3.1 days,and it was longer than group D (P0.01). The rejected rat islet allografts' pathological manifestations were significantly different between co-transplantation with the same number testicular cells of the ipsilateral lateral renal subcapsular space of the diabetic recipients.The allografts in the former were revealed some lymphocytic infiltration,islet hyaline degeneration and a few insulin-positive islet cells.But the allografts in the latter showed a lot of lymphocytie and a few neutrophil infiltration, a few insulin-positive islet cells and few islets hyaline degeneration. Apoptosis of a lot of lymphocytes was detected between the allograts and kidney parenchyma by TUNEL labeling after allogeneic rat islets and testicular cells were co-transplanted into the ipsilateral renal subcapsular space. There were a lot of survival pancreatic islets and Sertoli cells,and the apoptosis of lymphocytes were discovered by transmission electron microscopy. Conclusion Testicular Sertoli cells co-transplanted with islet cells is not only induce local immulogic prevelege but also possesses definite systemic immuno protection,but in the immunologic prevelege effect,the latter is weaker than that former.These effect can prolong survival period of grafts,but it has a dependency of dose.


The property right of human capital in public sector is stipulated by a special contract between the principal and the agent of the public power.And it has the nature of incomplete contract,profit progression,strong externalities and relative imperfection.Based on these characteristics and the different styles of profit,three operation mechanisms and five alternative strategies are mentioned subsequently in this article.


Along with the appearance of precise guidance bomb,its correlative technologies are being developed with more recognition.As one kingd of air-launching weapons,before precise guidance bomb is launched,its inertial navigation system should be aligned at first.According to the characterristcs of this kind of weapon,the accurate and fast transfer alignment models were proposed based on the velocity/azimuth matching method.Meanwhile,the correlative simulation system was developed,and its structure and main functions were introduced.Some simulation analysis were given under the different conditions,e.g.different models,different motivations and so on.The simulation results demonstrate that alignment angles errors converge in 20 seconds within the precision of 10',during a given flight motion.The validity of this transfer alignment method was substantiated.At the same time,some conclusion was given for the application of this algorithm to the real system.


The new proposed Swiss Code of Obligations introduces for the first time rules for the recognition of employee stock options plans. Aim of the new provisions is to improve transparency of for the financial statements of Swiss companies. However, the newly proposed rules leave many loopholes which could undermine the goal of the legislator. This article discusses how to improve the regulation. This article follows a similar approach used in the International Financial Reporting Standards, especially "IFRS 2 – Share-based Payments" with minor changes due to the unique features of Swiss corporations law.