Covering the most important areas of the subject, such as financial crises, the nature of the banking firm, and issues in bank regulation, Economics of Financial Law is a comprehensive collection of the papers that have shaped the field of financial law. The original introduction by editor Professor Miller provides a thorough and authoritative examination of the material and, together with the articles included, will prove to be an invaluable resource for academics and practitioners alike.


Test structures are proposed to characterize Thin-Film-Transistors in array that control a transparent electrode array platform, used for bio-chemical applications. The structures are post-processed electrodes that connect the source terminals of multiple TFTs. This characterization is essential to determine the limits, in terms of sensitivity and operation frequency in the case of impedance measurements on biological cells, as well to investigate other possible biological applications.


Abstract In this paper, a novel compact tri-band filter based on SIR-loaded resonator is presented. By adding λ/4 resonators inside the SIR-loaded resonators, a compact tri-band filter is obtained. Three passbands are designed to operate at 1.85 GHz, 2.575 GHz and 3.05 GHz, respectively. The first and second passbands are established by utilizing resonator loaded with SIR, whose circuit size is much smaller than the legacy uniform impedance resonator (UIR). Then the λ/4 resonators are applied to generate the third passband. The three passbands can be adjusted to meet the requirements. The skew-symmetric (0-degree) tapped-feed structure is used to introduce a pair of transmission zeros, so the frequency selectivity is greatly improved. Due to the λ/4 resonators are embedded in the SIR-load resonators, the minimization of the tri-band filter is realized. A practical tri-band filter is fabricated and measured. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated ones.


W hen the definitive history of the humanist movement in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries comes to be written, Petrarch's name may well occupy the most important place in it. During the century following his death the impact of his vernacular lyrics was not felt outside Italy; throughout this period, however, his Latin works were widely diffused, avidly read, frequently cited and even more frequently referred to. It is now established that in France his influence constitutes one of the touchstones of humanism around 1400;1 we have here the beginnings of a phenomenon that was rapidly to spread to other parts of northern Europe. Yet the constant presence of Petrarch does not necessarily betoken humanistic or even Petrarchan attitudes on the part of his admirers; indeed, in the many different contexts in which his name and works appear, it is relatively rare that the disciples do justice to their master. A writer who quotes from or refers to the De remediis, De vita solitaria, or any other of the Latin works, is not necessarily merely for that reason influenced by them, any more than a library which contains them is necessarily therefore a hotbed of humanism. A concern with Petrarch's 'modern' qualities leads one easily to forget that among his writings were several major works admirably suited to traditional forms of interpretation. Semi-monastic treatises such as the De otio religioso and the De vita solitaria, and inexhaustible quarries of sententiae and


Experiments were carried out to study the effect of three important abiotic factors viz., temperature, moisture and pH on spore attachment of Pasteuria penetrans. Maximum adherence of spores within average of 25.0 spores/J2 was observed at 26°C in comparison to 9.68 and 13.38 spores/J2 at 23 and 29°C, respectively. Out of four moisture levels tested for spore attachment, nematode recovery and spore attachment were maximum at a moisture level of 50% (23.03) followed by 13:77, 9.06 and 3.95 at 75, 100 and 25 per cent moisture level respectively. The per cent encumberance at 50 per cent treatment was higher. However, lowest J2 was recovered (32.13%) from soil with 25% moisture content and highest recovey (55.80) at 75% moisture treatment. With regard to pH more spore attachment (28.84 spores/J2) was observed at 7.6 pH, which decreased to 11.91 and 8.31 spores/J2 in 6.4 and 5.2 pH, respectively.


The question of inserting lsquo political considerations rsquo into the judicial decision making processes of international courts and tribunals ICT rsquo s is a much contested issue However ICT rsquo s do not stand in isolation on this issue and what occurs at a national level is relevant as well Looking at a cross section of examples of where this has occurred with national courts and comparing it with examples of what has occurred at the international level uncovers significant differences but also some interesting similarities While lsquo what courts do rsquo is not restricted to judges alone because other functionaries such as prosecutors can insert political considerations into the process as well the important end result is often what matters most for the participants concerned


Assuming that red tape is inevitable in institutions, and drawing on positive organizational behavior, we compare the impact of individual psychological capital on the ability of street-level bureaucrats (SLBs) with different professional backgrounds to work within the confines of red tape. The two SLB professions investigated here are nurses and local government employees; and the work outcomes of interest to this study are well-being and engagement. The findings show that red tape has a different impact on each professional group but, encouragingly, they also indicate that psychological capital has a compensatory effect. Implications include nurses requiring more psychological resources than local government employees to counteract the negative impact of red tape. A practical implication for managers is that, if perception of red tape in organizations is set to increase or to stay constant, enhancing the psychological capital of professionals in SLB roles, through specific interventions, may be beneficial to professionals and organizations alike.


May Uprising has been passed 20 years. Composers have configurated it as music. There are many reasons. For example, praise the meaning of it, cherish the memory of sacrificed people, of feeling of debt to May Uprising. It was configurated in form of symphony, symphonic poem, prelude, opera, &-song, by many composers, who had various backgrounds. The representational mode was expressed variously by the genre, background of composers, time and political factor. Yun Isang` symphony Exemplum, in memoriam Kwangiu(l981) was composed firstly. As German-nationality composer Yun Isang could compose it without political influence. It was the 7 months later after the uprising. He expressed defeat, sorrow, his desire for justice and democracy of Korea, and appeal to continue fighting in his favored Hauptton technique. Lee Mn-soo` modem art-song In this hlay was composed 1981. It was difficult to speak out that openly in Korea at that time. He used a student s poem published in the university newspaper. The poem symbolized things. So, the music described atmosphere of that time in the style of expressionism like disharmonious compound chords, irregular rhythms, chromatic melodies. Kim Sun-chul`s opera Mudeung-dungdung was supported by goverment`s Culture-Tourism Department. It represented uprising realistically using various styles like Korean folk, Western counterpoint, and atonal as well as western tonal music. The latest work, Yooha Jeong`s Cwangju Uprising was written in Korean court music, folk music, and western contemporary music styles. She experienced the uprising on the spot as an university student. It described Gwangju Uprising as ultimate victory of Gwangju Uprising spirit.


Abstract In this paper, we present a study of adult asylum seekers learning Italian as a Second Language through Process Drama. Adopting an ecology of language approach, we first set the scene by examining some of the most salient issues regarding the language learning needs of asylum seekers and refugees, including the challenge of fostering both language proficiency and a sense of autonomy and agency. We then introduce the topic of performative, or drama-based pedagogy, focussing on how this has been adopted for second-language learning, presenting the main features of Process Drama. We go on to evaluate a number of drama-based projects aimed specifically at adult asylum seekers and refugees before presenting the specific context of this study. The Process Drama sessions, organised in the 2016/2107 year, were part of a project called "Cultura e Accoglienza", which allowed for the enrolment of 30 asylum seekers as "guest students" at the University of Padova in Northern Italy. In particular, we look at one of the Process Drama sessions, in which the participants became members of an association of community workers welcoming migrants, and the teacher took on the role of the asylum seeker. Through the dramatic frame, we, as facilitators, drew on the learners' expertise in settling into the Italian culture, and in welcoming new arrivals. Our aim was that of using 'time', 'place' and 'role reversal' as distancing devices to challenge the notion of 'otherness'. The analysis from videos, focus groups and teacher journals suggests that the drama gave participants the chance to shift perspective, and that this impacted on their sense of agency as second language learners.


Several mixed-sex twins were produced by red deer treated with progesterone and pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin. Of seven females karyotyped, two were 68,XX/68,XY chimeras. One male had the same chimeric karyotype as its female co-twin. These are the first reported cases of freemartinism in deer.


The correspondence between key points is an important problem in lunar surface image processing, and further lays the foundation for the navigation of a rover and the terrain reconstruction of the lunar surface. However, the problem is still challenging due to the existence of large scale and rotation transformations, reflected view of the same scenery, and different illumination conditions between acquired images as the lunar rover moves forward. Traditional appearance matching algorithms, like SIFT, often fail in handling the above situations. By utilizing the structural cues between points, in this paper we propose a probabilistic spectral graph matching method to tackle the point correspondence problem in lunar surface images acquired by Yutu lunar rover which has been recently transmitted to the moon by China's Chang'e-3 lunar probe. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method has three advantages. First, the incorporation of the structural information makes the matching more robust with respect to geometric transformations and illumination changes. Second, the assignment between points is interpreted in a probabilistic manner, and thus the best assignments can be easily figured out by ranking the probabilities. Third, the optimization problem can be efficiently approximately solved by spectral decomposition. Simulations on real lunar surface images witness the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Objective
To explore the necessary of closure of the internal ring for cryptorchidism complicated with ipsilateral indirect inguinal hernia.

Methods
Clinical data of 50 children with cryptorchidism complicated with ipsilateral indirect henia from June 2009 to May 2016 were analyzed in this study. All the cases underwent laparoscopic orchiopexy. All testes after complete mobilization were pulled down into the scrotum through the inguinal canal. No suture was applied to close the internal ring. The operative duration, profile of testicular descending and complication were assessed.

Results
Patent processus vaginalis was found in all 50 cases. There were 39 cases with inguinal canal cryptorchidism, 11 cases with intra-abdominal cryptorchidism. The mean operative time was 72 minutes. Primary orchidopexy was performed in all cases. The median follow up of all cases was 3 years (9 months to 6.5 years). There were 3 cases of testicular retraction to the top of the scrotum. No case was found recurrence of a hernia in ultrasound examination.

Conclusion
Laparoscopic orchidopexy is a safe and effective approach for children with cryptorchidism complicated with ispilateral indirect hernia. The closure of internal ring may not be necessary.

Key words:
Laparoscopy; Cryptorchidism; Indirect inguinal hernia; Internal ring


Glaxo Wellcome reports that 2-3 percent of patients in their clinical trial of the nucleoside analog abacavir (1592) have a hypersensitivity to the drug. Patients experience fever, severe nausea, and a generalized rash, usually occurring an average of 11 days after treatment begins. Symptoms subside when the drug is discontinued and return immediately when the drug is restarted.


writing " sob stories" about them to awaken public sympathy. (6) A concerted effort to handle employment needs within the city and to deseasonalize industry. C. A review of case work policies within the agencies handling transients-reviewing them not as the social worker might formulate them theoretically, but as an outsider might describe them after reading the records of transient cases handled. (l) Do the policies fall in line with the spirit and practice of the national Transportation Agreement? (2) Do the policies aim at meeting the transient's ultimate needs (or only his immediate ones) wherever the community in which these needs can best be met? (3) Do the policies aim to protect the children of the transient families-or do they help to " home-train" them for mendicancy-on community funds? D. A consideration (in the large cities) of the feasibility of an inter-agency advisory committee with a work similar to that of the Non-resident Committee of St. Louis,s to advise treatment and policy with respect to non-residence cases planning to remain in the city.


Amid the rapid growth of low-earth orbits (LEOs) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) techniques, this study addresses the overlooked area of security challenges, specifically hyperspectral content manipulation or inpainting. We present HyperForensics, a novel dataset based on NASA's AVIRIS data, covering diverse scenarios across a wavelength range of 0.4 to 2.5 micrometers. To confront the challenge of detecting small manipulated regions within HSIs, we develop a detection method using a high-resolution network (HRNet) that maintains high resolution and spatial accuracy. Experiments demonstrate this approach outperforms existing methods, highlighting the critical role of spatial-spectral features in HSI forgery detection. This pioneering work in HSI forgery benchmarking and detection invites further research to enhance HSI security.


The explosive growth of various computer vision technologies generates a tremendous amount of visual data online every day. In addition to bringing convenience and revolutionizing our daily life, image data also reveal a wide range of sensitive information and pose unprecedented privacy leakage risks. Particularly, in the case of photos contain human faces, people can easily access those face images on social media without any consent, and the misuse of personal information could cause serious privacy violation to individuals. Therefore, it is essential to consider sanitizing people's identity information when using images containing human faces. As a result, there has been rapid development in the area of facial anonymization, also called image de‐identification. However, due to the emergence of numerous deep‐learning based attacks, traditional anonymization methods such as blurring and mosaic are weak and ineffective to protect individual's privacy in face images. To respond to this challenge, this article proposes a novel de‐identification method that utilizes a deep neural network. The proposed framework encompasses two modules: encoder network and generator network. The encoder transforms a face image into a high‐semantic latent vector of codes, which will be de‐identified according to the differential privacy criterion. The generator leverages the unconditional generative adversarial network to synthesize high‐quality images based on the modified latent codes from the encoder. Extensive experimental results indicate that our proposed model can protect image privacy while keeping the processed image visual realistic.


This research work developed at the Educational Unit Millennium Jatun Kuraka, is made with the aim of seeking a Bilingual Intercultural teaching profile that is consistent to the context, from the requirements of educational experiences and cultural relations in the fields of management, curriculum and teaching.
This research includes theoretical and practical information of the educational community, to determine the profiles of teachers for basic education Intercultural Bilingual.
Based on the history of the EIB and Hispanic, extra curricular texts, interviews took place inside and outside the institution, race director of the UPS Lic. Sebastian Granda, Lic. Cecilia Farinango Provincial Director, Rector Educational Unit Kuraka Jatun Cesar Gomez, teachers, parents, children and neighborhood councils.
We consulted the institutions that intercultural bilingual teachers and the Salesian University and AmawtayWasy, under which aims to improve the quality of intercultural bilingual education, strengthening organizational processes of communities, peoples.
Who brought their concerns to propose suggestions and search, according to the cultural, social and political context in which it operates teacher profile.


ABSTRACT A Monte Carlo (MC) computer program for the calculation of the distribution of characteristic X-ray intensities as a function of the counting geometry is described. The program evaluates the contribution to the intensities of a fluorescent line from each point of the source, sample and detector. The main considerations of the calculation are based on the critical nature of the internal geometry of the main analyzer components within an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer. The K XRF intensities for the inner and outer radius of the annular-sample and collimator radius were measured. An optimum geometry can be obtained by varying the collimator radius and the detector-sample distance. The results of the calculations show that the intensity distribution of the radioisotope excited fluorescent radiation through annular sample area is strongly dependent on the collimator radius, with a maximum intensity effect with a smaller sample area and with decreasing collimator radius. An i...


As part of our attempt to develop a hybrid artificial liver support system using cultured hepatocytes, we investigated the long‐term metabolic function of hepatocytes incubated in a packed‐bed type reactor using reticulated polyvinyl formal (PVF) resin as a supporting material. Long‐term (up to 1 week) perfusion culture experiments using the packed‐bed reactor (20 mm i.d.) loaded with 500 PVF resin cubes (mean pore size 250 μm, 2 × 2 × 2 mm), together with conventional monolayer culture experiments as controls, were performed in serum‐free or serum‐containing medium. Ammonium metabolism and urea synthesis activities were evaluated quantitatively based on reaction kinetic analyses. Initial rates of ammonium metabolism and urea‐N synthesis, as well as GPT enzyme activities, were adopted as indexes of the metabolic performance of the reactor and activities of the cultured hepatocytes.


Soil degradation is studied from the point of view of cyclic axial strain through stress-controlled triaxial tests on Hangzhou normally consolidated clay. Different influence factors on strain, such as cyclic stress ratio, overconsolidation ratio, and frequency, are studied. Degradation index is redefined according to the tests. A mathematical model for strain degradation is presented and verified.Key words: cyclic loading, saturated clay, strain degradation, mathematical model.


Apart from discussing Andrzej Bart's prose (from Czlowiek, na ktorego nie szczekaly psy to Rewers) Marta Cuber makes a detailed analysis of several selected motifs which, according to her, are important for understanding the phenomenon of popularity the very literature experiences. Except for bringing a critical-literary reception of the first books of the author of Pociąg do podrozy closer, Marta Cuber places considerations on the reasons of an increased interest with Bart after publishing Fabryka mucholapek, verifies critical opinions on Rien ne va plus, relates popularity of Fabryka mucholapek to a change that happened in Polish collective awareness after the release of Sąsiedzi by Jan Tomasz Gross. The author reads Bart's next novel, i.e. Rewers, differently. She is interested in relations that prose has with the aesthetics of retro and vintage, as well as the movie based on Bart's novel directed by Borys Lankosz. Instead of conclusions, Marta Cuber proposes a synthesis of motifs particularly often exposed by the writer. The case in point is food consumed by the characters, menu, culinary recipes and dishes. Basically, Marta Cuber pays attention to relations between Andrzej Bart's works and the past, and their aesthetic-factographic value.


Data center is a promising infrastructure to carry the big data created by cloud computing and Internet of things. Due to the high burstiness and high-bandwidth characteristics of data center services, the data center can be interconnected by optical network to make use of the computing and storage resources and meet the high-level requirement of users, which forms two typical scenarios in terms of intra-data center and inter-data center optical network. However, in current mode of operation, the control of data center and optical network is separately deployed. Enabling even a limited interworking among this separated control systems and delay feature don't provide a mechanism to exchange resource information. In light of it, this paper proposes a novel data center optical interconnect (DCOI) architecture with software defined networking, by introducing a delay-aware service scheduling (DaSS) strategy. The DCOI can arrange and accommodate the data center applications with required QoS considering the delay factor, and enhance the responsiveness to quickly provide for data center demand. The feasibility and efficiency of the proposed architecture are experimentally verified on our testbed with OpenFlow-based intra-data center and interdata center optical networks.


A reverse flat plate solar collector is discussed in the present paper. A laboratory scale collector which has a 2.28 m2 aperture area and a 1.79 concentration ratio has been designed and constructed, taking into account the optimum design analysis reported in our previous paper. The performance of the collector has been measured under an actual solar insolation at Yokohama, Japan. The experimental results show that the heat loss from the absorber plate is reduced to half of that of the conventional flat plate collector, and the collective efficiency becomes significant even under higher collecting temperatures due to the possible reduction of the natural convection heat losses from the absorber plate.


A key role of T cells in viral elimination and  absence  of strong  T cell responses  in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection presumes that activation of antigen-specific T cells may be a promising approach to enhance treatment efficacy. Given the central role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the induction of T cell response, the aim of our study was to evaluate  effects of DC immunotherapy upon  immunological parameters in chronic HCV infection. Ten patients with chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1) were vaccinated with monocytederived DCs, generated in presence of IFNα (IFN-DCs) and pulsed with recombinant HCV Core (1–120) and NS3 (1192–1457) proteins. The vaccination protocol included as initiating procedure (one injection per week, ns = 4) and maintaining treatment (one  monthly injection, ns = 6), with subsequent follow up for 6 months. The immunotherapy was not associated with serious adverse events,  significant  post-vaccination reactions, or increased hepatitis C activity, according to biochemical tests. Ex vivo studies have shown that immunotherapy elicited  strong and stable immune response  to Core and moderate response  to NS3 protein, which manifested as a significant  increase  of MNC proliferation and  IFNγ production in response  to Core  and  enhancement of IFNγ production (without higher  proliferation rates),  in response  to NS3.  DC  immunotherapy also led to increase  of ConA-induced MNC proliferation up  to normal levels indicating a recovery  of mitogenic T cell  reactivity. Meanwhile, T cell  activation did  not  elicit  antigen-specific Th2  response  and  expansion of CD4 + CD25 + CD127  regulatory T cells.  Despite induced immune response, the  immunotherapy with  DCs was not  accompanied by decreased viremia  levels. Nevertheless, a transitory decrease of viral load  in four patients and stable decrease of viremia  in two patients as well as an inverse correlation between  NS3-specific proliferation and viremia  (Rss = 0.62; p < 0.05) by the end of 6-month follow-up indicated that  the antigenspecific T cells may have a potential to control viral replication.


Objective: Cytokines, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their pathogenic effects in development of cardiovascular diseases. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is known to induce NO generation, however it is not well established if IL-1β or NO regulate production of ROS, such as superoxide anion. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of IL-1β or NO on enzyme activity of NADPH oxidase (NOX), a superoxide-generating system recently documented to participate in a variety of vascular functions. Methods: Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC) obtained from Clonetics were treated with IL-1β and NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), in culture. Nitrites accumulated in supernatants of SMC cultures were measured as an index of NO released following treatment with IL-1β. NOX enzyme activity was assayed using cytochrome c as the electron acceptor. Results: Treatment with IL-1β resulted in a 3-fold increase in the production of NO by SMC. Both IL-1β and SNP enhanced NOX activity, by 67 and 45%, respectively, following 24 h of treatment. Conclusion: This study suggests that NO or NO- generating cytokines might regulate the production of ROS in the cardiovascular system through modulation of superoxide-generating systems such as NOX.


The utility model discloses clouds slub yarn and a drafting mechanism of the clouds slub yarn. The yarn is formed by twining of two fiber strands at intervals, protruding slubs are arranged on the yarn at intervals, one fiber strand is a clouds-color roving and the color of the fiber strand is blossom off-white, the other fiber strand is a slub yarn roving, and the colors of the two fiber strands are different. The drafting mechanism comprises a back roller set, a middle roller set and a front roller set. A back single horn mouth for feeding the clouds-color roving is formed on the rear portion of the back roller set, and a double-horn mouth which is used for respectively feeding the clouds-color roving and the slub yarn roving is arranged between the middle roller set and the back roller set. The clouds slub yarn has the advantages that the third dimension of the clouds slub yarn is strong, and gradations are abundant. The drafting mechanism is capable of effectively controlling floating fiber in the process of processing the yarn, evenness is good, the clouds color can not be decolored and extend easily, slub effects are obvious and full so as to improve the quality of the slub yarn, the clouds slub yarn has good visual effects and use properties, and fashion and avant-garde of modern dress are fully displayed.


The selection of the bulk power transmission technology in offshore wind
farms is strongly related to the wind farm size and its distance to shore.
Several alternatives can be evaluated depending on the rated power of the
offshore wind farm, the transmission losses and the investment cost for
constructing the transmission system. However, when is necessary to
connect larger and more distant offshore wind farms; the best
technological solution tends to the transmission system based on highvoltage
and direct-current with line commutated converters (LCC-HVdc).
This dissertation proposes the use of diode-based rectifers as a technical
alternative to replace the thyristor-based rectifers in an LCC-HVdc link with
unidirectional power flow. This alternative shows advantages with regard
to lower conduction losses, lower installation costs and higher reliability.
Nonetheless, as a counterpart the offshore ac-grid control performed by
the thyristor-based HVdc rectifer is no longer available. This lack of control
is compensated by using new control strategies over an offshore wind
farm composed by wind turbines with permanent-magnet generators and
fully-rated converters. The control strategies have been based mainly on
the ability of the wind turbine grid-side converter to perform the control of
the offshore ac-grid voltage and frequency. The performance has been
evaluated by using PSCAD. Wherein, the most common grid disturbances
have been used to demonstrate the fault-ride-through capability as well as
the adequate steady state and transient response.


Heuristic methods are presented for scheduling telephone traffic exchange operators to meet demand that varies over a 24-hour operating period. Two types of heuristics are described 1 for determining the work shift types to be considered in preparing an operator shift schedule and 2 for constructing an operator shift schedule from a given set of work shift types. These heuristics are evaluated both in terms of solution quality and computational efficiency, using actual operating data.


For the intermediate treatment ofhighly active waste solutions from reprocessing ofnuclear fuel, which cannot be vitrified at the storage site, a concept with the following features is proposed: - production of solid material, which can be vitrified and transported observing prevailing legal and safety aspects - application of simple and well established technical components - utilization of an external vitrification plant i.e. avoiding the construction of a new plant. Advantage of the method proposed is the ensuring of a proven waste-product and a highly economical efficiency.


Context The limited effect of conventional chemotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) urges for novel therapies, targeting more directly the molecular aberrations of this disease. The molecular characterization of the drug resistant phenotype of PDAC cells remain largely unexplored, even though some evidence suggests a correlation with the expression of mesenchymal markers. Notably, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is promoted by finely-tuned changes in gene expression, occurring at both transcriptional and splicing levels. In this regard, recent observations have shown the requirement for select splicing factors during EMT. Objective Characterization of the molecular events leading to drug resistance in PDAC cells. Methods Chronic exposure to gemcitabine to select drug-resistant PDAC cell subpopulations. Western blot analyses for the expression of cancer related proteins, RNA-interference of selected genes to investigate their function. Trypan blue cell count, immunofluorescence analysis of the cleaved of caspase-3 and clonogenic assay to analyze cell survival. PCR analysis to detect EMT markers and immunofluorescence analysis of phalloidin to detect actin cytoskeleton morphology. Scratch assay to test cell migration. Results The chronic exposure of PDAC cells to gemcitabine selected a subpopulation of cells that displays a mesenchymal phenotype and is less sensitive to drug-induced cell death. These cells express higher levels of SAM68 and PTB, two splicing factors with oncogenic functions in other types of human cancers. Depletion of SAM68 and PTB expression caused a partial recovery of drug sensitivity, suggesting that they contribute to the acquisition of the drug-resistant phenotype. Conclusion Our data indicate that SAM68 and PTB may represent suitable molecular targets to counteract the drug resistance of PDAC cells.


We introduce linear methods for model-based tracking of nonrigid 3D objects and for acquiring such models from video. 3D motions and flexions are calculated directly from image intensities without information-lossy intermediate results. Measurement uncertainty is quantified and fully propagated through the inverse model to yield posterior mean (PM) and/or mode (MAP) pose estimates. A Bayesian framework manages uncertainty, accommodates priors, and gives confidence measures. We obtain highly accurate and robust closed-form estimators by minimizing information loss from non-reversible (inner-product and least-squares) operations, and, when unavoidable, performing such operations with the appropriate error norm. For model acquisition, we show how to refine a crude or generic model to fit the video subject. We demonstrate with tracking, model refinement, and super-resolution texture lifting from low-quality low-resolution video.


We are delighted to present the Proceedings of the 18th International School on Condensed Matter Physics: Challenges of Nanoscale Science: Theory, Materials, Applications, organized by the Institute of Solid State Physics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and chaired by Professor Alexander G Petrov. On this occasion the School was held in memory of Professor Nikolay Kirov (1943-2013), former Director of the Institute and Chairman between 1991 and 1998. The 18ISCMP was one of several events dedicated to the 145th anniversary of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 2014, and was held in the welcoming Black Sea resort of St. Constantine and Helena near Varna, at the Hotel and Congress Centre Frederic Joliot-Curie. Participants from 16 countries delivered 32 invited lectures, and 71 contributed posters were presented over three lively and well-attended evening sessions. Manuscripts submitted to the Proceedings were refereed in accordance with the guidelines of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, and we believe the papers published herein testify to the high technical quality and diversity of contributions. A satellite meeting, Transition Metal Oxide Thin Films - Functional Layers in Smart Windows and Water Splitting Devices: Technology and Optoelectronic Properties was held in parallel with the School (http://www.inera.org, 3-6 Sept 2014). This activity, which took place under the FP7-funded project INERA, offered opportunities for crossdisciplinary discussions and exchange of ideas between both sets of participants. As always, a major factor in the success of the 18ISCMP was the social programme, headed by the organized events (Welcome and Farewell Parties) and enhanced in no small measure by a variety of pleasant local restaurants, bars and beaches. We are most grateful to staff of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series for their continued support for the School, this being the third occasion on which the Proceedings have been published under its auspices.


Opportunistic Routing is a promising paradigm that has been proposed for efficient and reliable transfer of data packets in mobile ad hoc networks. This routing strategy takes advantage of the broadcasting nature of the wireless medium to increase the number of probable forwarding devices and improves the reliability of data transfer in the network. Opportunistic Routing utilizes the reception of the same broadcasted packet at multiple devices in the network and selects one best forwarder dynamically from the set of multiple receivers. A number of opportunistic routing protocols have been proposed over these years for effective data delivery in ad hoc networks. But as the speed and mobility of devices increases in the network, performances of the existing opportunistic routing protocols degrade considerably, leading to reduced Quality of Service and poor transmission efficiency. The exceptional potential of opportunistic routing is thus underutilized. In this research we introduce Optimized Opportunistic Routing (OOR) strategy that guarantee excellent Quality of Service and high transmission efficiency to the latest applications using opportunistic routing for communication in highly dynamic ad hoc networks. Simulation results show that our method achieve significant performance improvements compared to all other existing opportunistic routing protocols in highly dynamic mobile ad hoc networks.


The patient, an 85-year-old housemaid weighing approximately 50 kg, was admitted with the complaints of worsening dyspepsia and abdominal pain of a 2-year duration and recentonset lower extremity edema and breathlessness. Her past medical history was significant for moderate hypertension and New York Health Association class II chest pain of unknown duration. The patient was irregularly taking atenolol, 25 mg once daily, for the control of hypertension. She denied a history of hematuria. Her heart rate (HR) was 72 beats/min; her blood pressure was 170/70 mmHg. Physical examination of the patient revealed distended veins over the abdomen with upward blood flow (Harvey's sign) and a large pulsatile mass in the epigastrium extending into the left hypochondrium and umbilical region. A continuous machinery murmur, similar to the murmur of patent ductus arteri, was heard over the mass. It was also heard over both the flanks and on the right posterior chest wall. Lower extremities were grossly swollen; the edema was pitting, and it was extending above the midthighs. The skin over it and the lower abdomen was stretched and shiny and showed multiple areas of bluish pigmentation. Pulsations in the dorsalis pedis and femoral arteries of both limbs were 2 (feeble). Laboratory test results revealed anemia (hemoglobin 7 g%), hypoproteinemia (2.4 g%), raised blood urea nitrogen (35 mg%) and creatinine (2.1 mg%). Computed tomography (CT) scans showed simultaneous opacification of the aorta and inferior vena cava (IVC) of equal density (Fig 1), a large infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm extending up to the aortic bifurcation, a flattened inferior vena cava merging with the aorta (Figs 2 and 3), and the aortocaval fistula in the transverse section of the 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed image (Fig 4). Doppler ultrasonography showed sluggish circulation in the distal iliac veins. Aortogram and coronary angiography were not considered in view of deranged renal function. Echocardiography revealed moderate pulmonary hypertension, mild mitral regurgitation, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Stress echocardiography was not done because of her poor physical status. She was scheduled for repair of the infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and closure of the ACF. The day before surgery, the patient developed severe hypotension and became unconscious during physiotherapy. She was resuscitated and tracheally in


This paper presents an investigation of the the suitability of the robot controller presented in Nehmzow et al. 89] and Nehmzow et al. 90] for a computationally cheap expansion of the be-havioural repertoire of a mobile robot. Experiments with mobile robots are presented that show that this is possible by simply adding further so-called instinct-rules without altering the controller itself: through the robot's interaction with its environment eeective associations between sensors and actuators arise in an artii-cial neural network which serves as an associative memory.


Machine Learning (ML) has been successful in automating a range of cognitive tasks that humans solve effortlessly and quickly. Yet many realworld tasks are difficult and slow : people solve them by an extended process that involves analytical reasoning, gathering external information, and discussing with collaborators. Examples include medical advice, judging a criminal trial, and providing personalized recommendations for rich content such as books or academic papers. There is great demand for automating tasks that require deliberative judgment. Current ML approaches can be unreliable: this is partly because such tasks are intrinsically difficult (even AI-complete) and partly because assembling datasets of deliberative judgments is expensive (each label might take hours of human work). We consider addressing this data problem by collecting fast judgments and using them to help predict deliberative (slow) judgments. Instead of having a human spend hours on a task, we might instead collect their judgment after 30 seconds or 10 minutes. These fast judgments are combined with a smaller quantity of slow judgments to provide training data. The resulting prediction problem is related to semi-supervised learning and collaborative filtering. We designed two tasks for the purpose of testing ML algorithms on predicting human deliberative judgments. One task involves Fermi estimation (back-of-the-envelope estimation) and the other involves judging the veracity of political statements. We collected a dataset of 25,000 judgments from more than 800 people. We define an ML prediction task for predicting deliberative judgments given a training set that also contains fast judgments. We tested a variety of baseline algorithms on this task. Unfortunately our dataset has serious limitations. Additional work is required to create a good testbed for predicting human deliberative judgments. This technical report explains the motivation for our project (which might be built on in future work) and explains how further work can avoid our mistakes. Our dataset and code is available at https: //github.com/oughtinc/psj. ∗University of Oxford †Ought Inc.


Construction documents or Data is highly valuable as the information that process are stored in. However it is not systematically manage to a document, productivity decrease and important information that can be reused to other projects is lost. The purpose of this study is a development for linked management prototype of construction data and documents that can manage to construction documents along with data, based on stored data, create second information. It is anticipated that searching time and efforts will be effectively reduced.


To identify codeine‐containing cough syrups (CCS)‐related modulations of intrinsic connectivity network (ICN) and to investigate whether these changes of ICN can be related to duration of CCS use and to impulsivity behavior in CCS‐dependent individuals.


During the growth of Penicillium stipitatum, stipitatonic acid was found to be the major component of the culture medium of young cultures, whereas stipitatic acid predominated in older cultures (3). This finding, and the easy chemical decarboxylation of stipitatonic acid to stipitatic acid in boiling water, suggested that the dicarboxylic acid was the precursor of the monocarboxylic acid. Further evidence for this possibility was obtained by the preparation, from P. stipitatum mycelium, of a cell-free enzyme system, carrying out the decarboxylation of stipitatonic and puberulonic acids. The preparation, partial purification, and general properties of this decarboxylase are described in this report.


In the paper the structure of the compact spinning with pneumatic groove is introduced and the characteristics of three-dimensional flow field of the compact spinning with pneumatic groove are also investigated. Results from this research confirmed that In the compact zone, the air flows to the groove and enters the inner hollow of the slot-roller through the round holes, and the air on both sides of the groove condenses to the center of it and flows to the round holes; It is beneficial to compact the fiber and make the fiber slip to the bottom of the groove with shrink shape; the velocity and negative pressure are both not homogeneous, as the round holes are not continual, and the gradient of static pressure and velocity in compact zones are also perceptible.


Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia (Metropolis GZM) is the first metropolitan association operating in Poland according to the Act. It includes 41 municipalities of various sizes, administrative statuses and affiliations to cultural regions. This situation poses a significant challenge for integrating municipalities and residents of the Metropolis GZM. The article presents an analysis of selected social dimensions of intra-metropolitan diversity, taking into account the size structure of the municipality and the cultural heterogeneity of the Metropolis GZM. The empirical point of reference was a secondary analysis of data from original and co-authored research conducted in the metropolitan area in the last ten years and publicly available data from public sources. Their analysis revealed, on the one hand, the durability of symbolic boundaries (including phantom ones), the emerging new divisions (between new and rooted inhabitants of peripheral metropolitan municipalities), and, on the other hand, the deepening functional integration of the municipalities and inhabitants belonging to Metropolis GZM.


Although cutaneous autofluorescence has been utilized for evaluation of skin conditions, there is a paucity of data on normal human skin autofluorescence and its dependence on anatomical site. The objective of this study is to use excitation‐emission matrix spectroscopy to quantify and characterize skin autofluorescence at different body sites.


The antimicrobial of crude extract from pomelo peel on Staphylococcus aureas was investigated. Four organic solvents including 95% ethanol, dichlorometane, hexane and ethyl acetate, were used to extract the crude extract from pomelo peel. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extract was evaluated by detection of clear zone of inhibition. The experimental results showed that yield of yield of 95% ethanol, dichlorometane, hexane and ethyl acetate crude extract were 0.46, 0.57, 0.25, and 0.19%, respectively. Crude extract from pomelo peel can be used to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. The clear zones of inhibition of 95% ethanol, dichlorometane, hexane and ethyl acetate crude extract were 7.88, 8.83, 7.88, and 7.54 mm, respectively.


A general framework for expert systems in the area of image understanding is described. It represents declarative knowledge in an associative network, allows the attachment of arbitrary procedural knowledge, and is used by a problem-independent control algorithm. This framework is used to implement a complete system for the diagnostic evaluation of scintigraphic images of the heart. The input to the system is an image sequence which is first preprocessed and segmented to obtain the left ventricle and its sectors. The contours of the ventricle and the sectors are the basis for knowledge-based analysis of the images. Analysis proceeds from the contour segments via objects and their motions to diagnostic descriptions of the image sequence. Experiments show that the system successfully completes analysis, and in particular does not make wrong diagnostic suggestions.<<ETX>>


Abstract In this paper we consider the problem of regulating a time-varying and uncertain linear discrete-time system to the origin. It is shown how, by applying an interpolation technique and minimizing an appropriate objective function, one can achieve feasibility and a robustly and asymptotically stable closed-loop behavior. Moreover, we show that the control is a piecewise affine and continuous function of state. A simulation result demonstrates the performance of our approach.


Breathing is an absolute human need. In an emergency, airway and breathing are the main problems that must be addressed immediately. Empirically, breathing techniques that people do in general are varied. Of all breathing patterns, it is believed that there must be the most optimal. One of them is diaphragmatic breathing (DB). DB plays the role of the diaphragm as the main muscle that performs the activity of inhaling and exhaling. Optimal breathing patterns, including certain DB, have the ability to relieve several medical problems. The aim of this study was to examine whether an optimal DB pattern could alleviate some medical problems. We conducted a literature study on 40 references consisting of 27 journals and 13 other appropriate literature sources. We searched library resources using the PubMed search engine through keywords: effectiveness of breathing, DB, and breathing exercises. Literature analysis was based on requirements, including inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 26 journals which met the criteria. Optimal DB pattern can be a solution for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, chronic stroke, congestive heart failure (CHF), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), cerebral palsy (CP), labor pain management, and anxiety. It can be therapeutic to relieve some medical problems.


Abstract The geometric parameters, vibrational frequencies, and the thermochemical values of o‐benzoquinone (o‐BQ), p‐benzoquinone (p‐BQ), pyrocatechol (PC), and p‐hydroquinone (p‐HQ) were computed using ab initio calculation (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) with the 6‐31G (d) and 6‐31G (d, p) basis sets, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry with a gold electrode of PC solutions in phosphate buffers at pH 7.30 showed that the standard electrode potential of half reaction for o‐BQ and PC is 0.813 V. The standard electrode potential of half reaction for o‐BQ and PC with a p‐BQ, H+/p‐hydroquinone (p‐HQ) reference electrode, using the solvation energies and the sum of electronic and thermal free energies of o‐BQ and PC, is consistent with the experimental one.


The aim of this work is to present the physicochemical basis underlying the changes in protein thermostability upon ligand binding. The article is addressed to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate chemistry students with an interest in protein biophysics. In addition, this article provides a useful tool for both learning and teaching biophysics because it links fundamental concepts: thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, and protein stability. The influence of protein–ligand interactions on thermally-induced protein denaturation was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The changes in DSC output (thermogram) emerge by linking binding equilibrium with reversible protein unfolding thermodynamics. We derive the formalism for the description of protein unfolding in the presence of ligand that can bind to a single site on either native, unfolded, or both protein states. In addition to a rigorous mathematical description of the involved equilibria, the model provides the general formulation fo...


A method of wellbore signal processing includes providing at least a first pressure sensor 240a and a second pressure sensor 240b spaced in a drilling system and using an algorithm to separate the downwardly propagating waves from the upwardly propagating waves. In one or more examples, an algorithm may include determining a velocity of pressure signals in a wellbore, time-shifting and stacking pressure signals from at least the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor to determine a downwardly propagating noise signal, and subtracting the downwardly propagating noise signal from at least the signal from the first pressure sensor. The upwardly propagating signal may comprise a measurement while drilling (MWD) signal. The pressure sensors (tranducers) may be spaced apart based on a wavelength of a MWD signal. In an alternative embodiment the invention is directed to a wellbore communication method.


Negative attitudes, animosity and explicit racism aimed towards Muslims are increasingly visible in Europe. In several European countries far right-wing political parties focusing on the "Islamic p ...


In Rh. Mus. n. f. Ш. i (1968), 64-68 H.Walter has drawn attention to the reworking in a short elegiac poem (of unknown date and surviving in a manuscript of the 14th century)1) of a theme which is touched upon by the elder Pliny (n. h. 7. 51): the embarrassments resulting from the transmission of hereditary characteristics from grandparent to grandchild, when these characteristics are not shared by the intervening generation. The poem runs as follows : a noble lady commits adultery with a negro slave; the daughter whom she bears shows no signs of its paternal origin; the daughter later marries and gives birth to a dark-skinned child; she is accused of adultery, but her mother intercedes with a confession of her own guilt. Walter quotes seven lines of this poem. These are the lines as he would print them :


This article aims to analyse significant differences in four constructs: occupational stress, job satisfaction, work engagement, and work productivity among employees before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the paper is to develop a multidimensional model with these four constructs and analyse the differences in the strength of their effects on the model across two intersectional times: before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was implemented on a sample of 885 employees in Slovenian organisations. During COVID-19, Slovenia had one of the strictest lockdowns. Based on the research, we can confirm significant differences in the four analysed constructs among employees before COVID-19 and during COVID-19. Based on the results, we can confirm that occupational stress had a more negative effect on job satisfaction and work engagement during COVID-19 than before prior to it. Our research and conclusions highlight the measures with which organisations can reduce the problem of occupational stress and with which organisations can increase job satisfaction, work engagement and work productivity among employees during COVID-19. Based on this, organisations may be able to build a more supportive work environment during, and after, COVID-19.


Thermal integrity is known to be one of the most challenging barriers in the development of 2.5-D/3-D integrated packaging systems. In this work, an embedded microchannel heatsink (EMCHS) with through-silicon via (TSV)-etched micropin-fins is designed for the thermal management of 2.5-D packages. Numerical simulation models are developed to estimate the thermal and mechanical performances of the EMCHSs and packages. The accuracy of the models is validated first, and then some model simplification means are proposed to reduce the models' order, improving the computing time and resource cost of simulation. To optimally design the EMCHS, achieving a tradeoff between pump power and heat-sinking capability, an optimum design approach is proposed. In this approach, the gray relational analysis is implemented to search for the optimal design parameters and simulation models are employed to carry out fast performance evaluation. Simulation results indicate that great improvements in both heat-sinking capability and mechanical reliability are achieved in the optimized EMCHS and 2.5-D package.


The External Tank Project is reviewed with emphasis on the DDT&E and production phases and the lightweight tank development. It is noted that the DDT&E phase is progressing well with the structural and ground vibration test article programs complete, the propulsion test article program progressing well, and the component qualification and verification testing 92% complete. New tools and facilities are being brought on line to support the increased build rate for the production phase. The lightweight tank, which will provide additional payload in orbit, is progressing to schedule with first delivery in early 1982.


Background: Marine products, especially fish, play an increasingly significant role in human diets and
health. This research evaluated the concentrations of cadmium, lead, chromium, and nickel in liver and
muscle tissues of Rutilus frisii kutum along the Caspian Sea coasts of northern Iran.
Methods: Thirty samples of fishes were taken from five stations (Astara, Rezvanshahr, Anazali, Ramsar, and
Tonekabon) during fishing season. An ICP-OES spectrophotometer was used to determine concentrations
of the studied metals. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 using descriptive statistical index, t test, and analysis
of variance (ANOVA) test; P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean concentrations of cadmium, lead, chromium and nickel in the livers were 0.06, 1.1, 2.1 and
1.5 μg/g respectively and in the muscles were 0.05, 0.8, 1.7 and 1.1 μg/g, respectively. In liver: cadmium=
0.01-0.13; lead= 0.3-2.7; chromium = 0.9-4.5; nickel = 0.1-2.8. In muscle: cadmium = 0.01-0.08; lead = 0.2-
1.5; chromium = 0.7-2.7; nickel = 0.5-1.5. Mean contents of these heavy metals were higher in the liver than
in muscle. The order of heavy metal concentrations in the liver and muscle tissues were: Cr>Ni>Pb>Cd.
The results showed statistically significant differences in the concentrations of these metals in liver and
muscle tissues (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between males and females.
Conclusion: Based on calculations, the estimated permissible tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) of
cadmium (0.042 and 0.567 mg) and lead (0.0021 and 0.027 mg) in this study are lower than the levels
established by the World Health Organization (WHO) (0.455 mg for cadmium and 1.625 mg for lead).
Keywords: Heavy metals, Rutilus frisii kutum, Caspian Sea
Citation: Naghipour D, Shaabaninezhad Z, Amouei AI. Evaluation of heavy metal concentrations in
Rutilus frisii kutum on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea (northern Iran). Environmental Health
Engineering and Management Journal 2016; 3(2): 55–59. doi: 10.15171/ehemj.2016.01.


One general aim of this volume is to study the implications of various policy packages for transport demand and for overall welfare in a number of different European cities and countries, using a numerical optimization model specifically designed for this purpose. This chapter presents the policy packages that were selected for the empirical analysis reported on further along in the book. The criteria for the selection of the policy packages were: 1) they had to be consistent with a stronger emphasis on pricing instruments; 2) they had to be broadly in line with EU transport policy, and 3) a sufficiently wide variety of packages had to be considered in view of possible practical restrictions on policy instruments.


The Jiang Tso ophiolite, situated in the middle segment of the Bangong‐ Nujiang Suture Zone, is a part of the easternmost Qieli Lake ophiolite subzone and is close to the south of Pung Lake ophiolite. The rock association of Jiang Tso ophiolite is relatively complete and is mainly composed of metamorphic peridotite, gabbro and diabase. Comparing with N‐MORB, the ophiolite is high in Mg and low in Ti, K, Na, P, and is depleted in Nb, Ta, Hf, Th and enriched in Rb, Sr and Ba. Geochemical characteristics of the Jiang Tso ophiolite indicate it is of a supra‐subduction zone type formed in the spreading ridge of back arc basin. The SHRIMP U‐Pb dating of zircons from the gabbro yielded a weighted average age of 188.1±4.1 Ma (MSWD=1.4), indicating the Jiang Tso ophiolite was formed in the late stage of early Jurassic. The Sr, Nd isotopic compositions show that the Tethyan mantle domain is the depleted mantle (DM), with enriched mantle domain II (EM II). They have the same Sr, Nd isotopic composition with the India Ocean MORB type.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to analyse, on the basis of information gathered from 3,048 questionnaires, the factors which determine the daily expenditure in the destination of tourists in 14 emerging urban-cultural destinations in Andalusia (Spain), using an OLS regression model. The results confirm that tourist expenditure is explained by a set of factors related to the socio-economic profile of the tourist, the characteristics of the trip, the activities of the tourist in the destination and the degree of satisfaction with the destination. Knowledge of these aspects allows tourism policy to be oriented towards maximizing the revenue generated by the tourist in the urban-cultural destinations analysed, which are in the first stages of their life cycle.


Quantum memory is an important component in the long-distance quantum communication system based on the quantum repeater protocol. To outperform the direct transmission of photons with quantum repeaters, it is crucial to develop quantum memories with high fidelity, high efficiency and a long storage time. Here, we achieve a storage efficiency of 96\% for a photonic memory based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) scheme in cold atomic media with an optical depth of near 1000. At a storage efficiency of 50\%, we also obtain a fractional delay of 1200. Both are the best record to date in all kinds of the schemes for the realization of quantum memory. Our work significantly advances the pursuit of a high-performance photonic memory and should have important applications in quantum information science.


nanopowders of tungsten oxide (WO3) have been prepared by high energy ball-milling for various spans of mill time (1-18 h). The crystal structure, surface morphology of the prepared WO3 nanopowder were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Thick films of WO3 nanopowders were prepared by printing painting chemical method to use them as gas sensors for methanol vapor at different operating temperatures, Their I-V characteristics were studied by using devices KEITHLEY 237. The effect of the milling time on the crystal structure, surface morphology, and electrical properties are reported.


A wealth of evidences consistently show inverse association of intake and/or blood level of folate with the incidence of colorectal neoplasms.Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)is a key regu- latory enzyme in the metabolism of folate.MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms and alcohol intake are associated with folate metabolism,then affect the incidence of colorectal neoplasms.


In order to improve the teaching quality in the international students' practical class,teachers in the Department of Pathophysiology have explored several methods in their teaching,including introduction to students with related clinical cases,evaluation related encouragement to students' performances in the class and interactive teaching and discussion.It found that these explorations are not only welcomed by the international students,but also improved our teaching quality in international students' practical class.


Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system is modelled with equalizers. Two different equalizers, namely Zero Forcing (ZF) and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), along with QAM modulations are used and analyze with different channels like Rayleigh channel and Rician channel. The modulation with multicarrier is employed; which provides advantages like inter symbol interference (ISI) reduction; high reliability; and better performance in multi-path fading. Equalizers are adopted to remove the ISI generated in the transmitted data under various fading environments. And the results show that, with MMSE and ZFE equalizers; the bit error rate (BER) performance is improved. At last the BER performance of MMSE is superior to ZFE equalizer. Now the main problem of OFDM system is PAPR. This problem is overcome by using ASTC encoder with different equalizer and using different channels and find which equalizer performs better in the system with different channels. Therefore by reducing PAPR, there is further improvement in BER with ZF and MMSE equalizers. To increase spectral efficiency of system, the different QAM modulations technique is used.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of proanthocyanidin-rich extracts from grape seeds on human fecal flora and fecal odor. Proanthocyanidin-rich extract containing 38.5% proanthocyanidin was administered to nine healthy adults at a dose of 0.5 g/day (0.19 g/day as proanthocyanidin) for 2 weeks, and proanthocyanidin-rich extract containing 89.3% proanthocyanidin was administered to eight elderly inpatients at a dose of 0.43 g/day (0.38 g/day as proanthocyanidin) for 2 weeks. Green tea extract and/or champignon extract, both of which have been found to have a deodorant effect on fecal odor, were administered in a similar manner as controls. In healthy adults, marked decreases in fecal odor and concentrations of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide in feces were observed during proanthocyanidin-rich extract intake, but the effects of green tea extract and champignon extract were weak. After 2 weeks of proanthocyanidin-rich extract intake, the number of Bifidobacterium had increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas the number of Enterobacteriaceae tended to decrease (p=0.121). The level of putrefactive substances, including ammonia, phenol, p-cresol, 4-ethylphenol, indole, and skatols tended to decrease after proanthocyanidin-rich extract intake, and fecal pH also tended to decrease. Nurses and hospital aides performed organoleptic evaluations that showed less fecal odor in elderly inpatients with proanthocyanidin-rich extract intake than with champignon extract intake. In an in vitro study, the proanthocyanidin-rich extract reduced methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide release from the feces of healthy adults, and also reduced methyl mercaptan release from methyl mercaptan solution. The absorptive ability of methyl mercaptan was stronger in procyanidin oligomers larger than decamer than procyanidin dimer to tetramer. These results suggest that proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seed intake induces a reduction in the level of putrefactive products in the intestine, which may be linked to the modest change in the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Enterobacteriaceae. They also suggest that the strong deodorant effect of proanthocyanidins on fecal odor is due to the decrease of putrefactive products and the absorption of malodorous compounds from feces by the larger molecular procyanidin oligomers in the proanthocyanidins.


The mathematical problem addressed is minimising the expectation of a random variable over a set of feasible distributions P ϵ Γ, given as a level set of a convex integral functional. As special cases, Γ may be an f-divergence or f-divergence ball or a Bregman ball around a default distribution. Our approach is motivated by geometric intuition and relies upon the theory of minimising convex integral functionals subject to moment constraints. One main result is that all "almost minimisers" P ϵ Γ belong to a small Bregman ball around a specified distribution or defective distribution P, equal to the strict minimiser if that exists but well defined also otherwise.


The purpose of this technical report is to provide guidance to HDOs on self-assessment of their conformance against IEC 80001-1. The purpose of this Technical Report is to: 1) provide guidance to HDOs on self-assessment of their conformance against IEC 80001-1 2) provide an exemplar assessment method which can be used by HDOs in varying contexts to assess themselves against IEC 80001-1 3) define a PRM comprising a set of processes, described in terms of process purpose and outcomes that demonstrate coverage of the requirements of IEC 80001-1 4) define a PAM that meets the requirements of ISO/IEC 15504-2 and that supports the performance of an assessment by providing indicators for guidance on the interpretation of the process purposes and outcomes as defined in IEC 80001-1 (PRM) and the process attributes as defined in ISO/IEC 15504-2 This technical report does not introduce any requirements in addition to those expressed in IEC 80001-1.


The letters Joyce wrote to his wife in 1909 were acquired by Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, in 1957. When I was preparing two volumes of Joyce's letters for publication, the question of including these particular ones came up. I wished to include them, feeling that a new generation no longer confirmed the privacy of a dead author's conjugal life. But the letters were to be published jointly by an American and an English publisher, and the degrees of allowable freedom in the two countries were different. The American publisher was willing, and the English publisher reluctant, to publish them. Legal advice was taken in 1964, and an English expert in such matters warned of a prosecution. It was therefore decided, against my own judgment, to omit the most extravagant passages. Of the sixty-four letters, fifty-four were published complete, eight were published with excisions, and two were omitted altogether. After that time (1966), two things occurred: the climate of opinion about verbal expression changed, and Joyce scholars began to refer to, and even to quote from, the letters. The semblance of censorship seemed increasingly incongruous, and sporadic unauthorized quotation of the letters even began. In this situation, the administrators of the Joyce estate authorized publication in full. Perhaps the circumstances in which the letters were written should be emphasized. In 1909 Joyce made his first trip back to Dublin since his elopement from that city with Nora Joyce in 1904. His wife remained in Trieste.


very clearlv the progress made during, the past year, both in the British Isles and throuighout the British Empire. Under every heading the figures slhow substantial increases over the corresponding figures for 1923. In England there was an increase of 872 members; in Scotland, 298; in WVales and Monmouthshire, 49; and in Ireland, 108. In Asia the membership is larger by 66; in Africa by 42; in North and South America by 18. In Australasia there was a gaini of 262 members; in the Services, 80; and among members living outside the area of any Branch, 140. "Candidates under election" number 127


Magnetic flocculation experiments are described for a number of mineral suspensions in high fields. Their sedimentation behaviour has been observed in situ by a novel optical monitoring technique. Anomalous negative enhancement of sedimentation rates in these suspensions has been observed at low fields, and this phenomenon is explained in terms of particle anisotropy. Results are shown of field-induced selective sedimentation in heterogeneous suspensions of fly ash. Finally, for the first time, binary magnetic flocculation is reported for a diamagnetic colloid.


The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the racialized practices enacted by seven preservice teachers while they participated in a university-based literacy across the curriculum course that included a school-based tutoring component. Research questions asked: 1) what racialized practices were enacted by preservice content-area teachers when they participated in a required literacy across the curriculum course that included one-on-one tutoring of youth at an urban secondary school, and 2) how did preservice content-area teachers' backgrounds contribute to their racialized practices? This study drew on the premises of critical race theory and critical whiteness theory to define racialized practices. The study began with these theories' assumptions that race is an important social construction in U.S. society that is used to position people hierarchically, especially oppressing people of color. Racialized practices are ways of acting, speaking, and teaching that construct race as important. These practices include colorblindness, essentializing, and microaggression, as well as culturally responsive teaching, a positive racialized practice grounded in students' funds of knowledge and intended to counter more oppressive practices. Data sources included transcripts from semi-structured interviews, field notes from classroom and tutoring observations and various course and tutoring related artifacts such as the course syllabus, lesson plans, unit plans and written reflections. Data were analyzed first, using a reflexive, constant comparative approach to gain insights into participants' rhetoric and actions. Second, data were reconsidered to delineate racialized practices. The racialized practices of the preservice teachers involved in this literacy study were categorized as relationship-focused or instructionally-focused. Although all participants enacted both positive and negative racialized practices, relationship-focused participants tended to exhibit qualitatively different practices compared to the instructionally-focused participants. Regardless of their orientation, when participants shared their view of whether race mattered in education, the mostly White participants spoke predominantly of the significance of other people's races and not their own race. Racialized practices that were consistent with culturally-based pedagogies included intentionally nurturing relationships with students at the tutoring site, talking about ways to help students understand and negotiate the culture of power that is dominant in educational institutions including higher education and cautioning preservice peers that they need to be cognizant not to advance stereotypes. Racialized practices that reflected participants' deficit thinking about their tutees, as well as their own discomfort in talking about racial issues included the enactments of racial microaggressions, distancing strategies and White talk. This study provides new insights into how preservice teachers' racialized practices shape and are shaped by the racial hierarchy that continues to exist in schools. Findings have implications for school professionals, teacher educators and researchers who are interested in identifying and disrupting racialized literacy practices that may be harmful to students. Additionally, this study suggests that further exploration is needed to understand how race is implicated in relationship-focused literacy teaching, content-focused literacy teaching and students' engagement in learning across the curriculum. A CRITICAL RACE AND CRITICAL WHITENESS THEORY ANALYSIS OF PRESERVICE TEACHERS' RACIALIZED PRACTICES IN A LITERACY ACROSS THE CURRICULUM COURSE by Kathleen A. Cullen B.S., SUNY Oswego, 1981 M.S., SUNY Oswego, 1984 C.A.S., SUNY Oswego, 2001 Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education Syracuse University December 2014 Copyright © Kathleen A. Cullen 2014 All Rights Reserved


Smart devices make our lives easier. However, by delegating more and more tasks to smart devices our wellbeing becomes dependent on their correct functioning. This creates a need for monitoring home devices in a similar way as businesses already do. The thesis describes the steps required for building a monitoring system suited for smart home monitoring, from the initial design to the final implementation of the solution. The goal was to create a user friendly monitoring system, designed as much as possible as a proactive monitoring solution, based on the white-box monitoring approach. The solution is designed to work with the openHAB home automation software, which has been lately split and has become an extension to Eclipse SmartHome. The system monitors all devices connected with openHAB and generates context rich alerts whenever a device shows signs of faulty behaviour.


In this paper, we estimate the determinants of the spreads between the 10-year sovereign bond yields and the (interest rate) swap rate for a sample of 22 OECD countries over the January 1999-December 2013 period, using various models. Our main, fixed-effect, model highlights the crucial role of GDP growth, public deficit and debt liquidity in explaining the level of spreads, while the public debt-to-GDP ratio plays a lesser role. We find that our results are mainly driven by observations on euro area countries after the onset of the 2008 crisis, with observed spreads found to significantly exceed estimated values during the crisis for a number of euro area countries. We also shed light on the effect of unconventional monetary policies, while Target 2 balances are used for euro area countries in order to reflect concerns on the stability of the euro area. Finally, according to our cointegration model, we find a long-term relationship between the spread, the debt-to-GDP ratio, and potential GDP growth, with a larger impact of the latter variable.


The [Water-Moon Avalokiteśvara] is the painting which owns the museun of Dongguk university but it had enshrined in Hall of...


A novel method of correlating broadband signals is proposed based on a pair of fibre-optic recirculating delay lines (RDLs). An implementation based on active single-mode fibre RDLs is described and the performance potential for such a scheme is assessed.


Irrigation of Abu-Rawash area, Giza, Egypt with primary-treated wastewater for 50 years caused accumulation of heavy metals. The area was divided into the following 5 different categories according to the duration period of irrigation 0, 10, 20, 25 and 50 years. Analysis of available N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn nutrients and Pb, Ni, Mo, Cd, and B heavy metals were done on soil samples from layers of 0-30, 30-50 and 50-100-cm. Salinity was highest in the uncultivated soil than in the cultivated ones. With increase of years of cultivation, the contents of nutrients and elements were greater. The contents of nutrients and elements in the surface exceeded those of the subsurface. Ranges of available contents of elements (mg kg) in the top soil layer were 8 – 456.7(N), 5.5 138(P), 88 1190(K), 1.5 -16(Cu), 4 18(Zn), 4.7 – 80.6(Fe), 0.08-0.54(B), and 2 30(Mn). Respective ranges in the deepest layer were 1.6 – 16.9(N), 2.9 – 46.52(P), 27 – 83.6(K), 0.7 – 1.3(Cu), 1.3 -5.5(Zn), 1.9 – 18.24(Fe), 0.05-0. 08 (B) and 0.9 – 4.8(Mn). After 50 years of irrigation with wastewater heavy metals of Pb, Ni, Mo, and Cd in the top layer showed a descending order with values of 10.81>2.22>0.23>0.16 respectively. In the deepest layers the contents were 0.29>0. . 05 > 0.00=0.00, respectively.


Configuration techniques have been used in several fields, such as the design of business process models. Sometimes these models depend on the data dependencies, being easier to describe what has to be done instead of how. Configuration models enable to use a declarative representation of business processes, deciding the most appropriate work-flow in each case. Unfortunately, data dependencies among the activities and how they can affect the correct execution of the process, has been overlooked in the declarative specifications and configurable systems found in the literature. In order to find the best process configuration for optimizing the execution time of processes according to data dependencies, we propose the use of Constraint Programming paradigm with the aim of obtaining an adaptable imperative model in function of the data dependencies of the activities described declarative.


The low strain dynamic test curve of foundation pile with defect were numerically simulated by PDI-S software developed by PDI company of USA, and the character of dynamic test curve were summarized to provide as reference in the interpretation of reflected curve in order to improve the reliability of quality test for foundation pile.


Home automation involves automatic control of household features, activity and appliances. A home with an automatic control system is known as smart home. Automation system helps one's home to promote security, comfort and convenience. This paper is a survey on home automation by integrating device fingerprinting. This paper explains the importance of accessing modern smart home over the internet and highlights various security issues with it. The work explains the evolution of device fingerprinting approach and moreover, a two stage verification process for smart home, using device fingerprinting and login credentials, which verifies the user devices as well as the user accessing the home over internet.


Implicit in the reformist movements that have mobilized Catholic and Buddhist lay people is a strong response to the rapid pace of Islamization and aggressive Protestant evangelism in Malaysia. Catholics and Buddhists, in rebuilding and defending their sacred worlds buffeted by ideological competition and hegemonic technologically based professionalism characteristic of capitalistic culture, have committed themselves to systematic programmes of renewal and reformism that greatly enhance the role of the laity. These programmes, in each case, have taken place within distinctive institutional frameworks. Among Catholics, laicization was initiated by the clergy in the context of reform from above, while among Buddhists the laity themselves took the lead. Neither of these routes to laicization can avoid the paradox of secularization. Mobilization of the laity to intensify religious practice , and to systematize world-views and organization, involves a contradictory process of re-enchanting a sacred enclave within a disenchanted world and defending it against the claims and intrusions of other such enclaves by secular methods of organization.


Schilling, M., and Doi, J. (2014), "A Coverage Probability Approach to Finding an Optimal Binomial Confidence Procedure," The American Statistician, 68, 133–145: Comment by Easterling and Reply.For...


. The intersection of EU competition law and sanctions policies presents a complex legal landscape that poses significant challenges for companies operating in sanctioned countries. This article explores how EU authorities are addressing anti-competitive behavior for companies that still operating in these countries and the impact of recent developments in EU competition law and sanctions policies.


OBJECTIVE
This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in a cohort of women with either Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

STUDY DESIGN
Female patients with either Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome were identified through a medical records search at two urban hospitals. Each patient's medical record was reviewed, and the history of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence was obtained through telephone interview.

RESULTS
Twelve women with Marfan syndrome were identified. Among these women 5 (42%) reported a history of urinary incontinence and 4 (33%) reported a history of pelvic organ prolapse. Eight women with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome were identified. Among these women 4 (50%) reported a history of urinary incontinence and 6 (75%) reported a history of pelvic organ prolapse.

CONCLUSIONS
Women with Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome have high rates of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. This finding supports the hypothesized etiologic role of connective tissue disorders as a factor in the pathogenesis of these conditions.


In the aerospace industry, every minute of downtime because of equipment failure impacts operations significantly. Therefore, efficient maintenance, repair and overhaul processes to aid maximum equipment availability are essential. However, scheduled maintenance is costly and does not track the degradation of the equipment which could result in unexpected failure of the equipment. Prognostic Health Management (PHM) provides techniques to monitor the precise degradation of the equipment along with cost-effective reliability. This article presents an adaptive data-driven prognostics reasoning approach. An engineering case study of Turbofan Jet Engine has been used to demonstrate the prognostic reasoning approach. The emphasis of this article is on an adaptive data-driven degradation model and how to improve the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction performance in condition monitoring of a Turbofan Jet Engine. The RUL prediction results show low prediction errors regardless of operating conditions, which contrasts with a conventional data-driven model (a non-parameterised Neural Network model) where prediction errors increase as operating conditions deviate from the nominal condition. In this article, the Neural Network has been used to build the Nominal model and Particle Filter has been used to track the present degradation along with degradation parameter.


The use of probabilistic forecasting has been growing in a variety of disciplines because of its potential to emphasize the degree of uncertainty inherent in a prediction. Interpretation of probabilistic forecasts, however, is oftentimes difficult deterring users who may benefit from such forecasts. To encourage broader use of probabilistic forecasts in the field of air quality, a process for interpreting forecasts from a statistical probabilistic air quality surface ozone model REGiS is demonstrated. Four procedures to convert probabilistic to deterministic forecasts are explored for Philadelphia metropolitan area. These procedures calibrate the predicted probability of daily maximum 8-hour average ozone exceeding a standard value by 1) estimating climatological relative frequency, 2) establishing a probability of an exceedance threshold as 50%, 3) maximizing the threat score, and 4) determining the unit bias ratio. REGiS is trained using 2000-2011 ozone season (May 1 to September 30) data, calibrated using 2012-2014 data, and evaluated using 2015-2018 data. Assessment of the calibration data with the Pierce Skill Score suggests an exceedance threshold based on climatological relative frequency for the conversion from probabilistic to deterministic forecasts. Calibrated REGiS generally compares well to predictions from the US national air quality model and operational "expert" forecasts over the evaluation time period. For other probabilistic models and situations, different procedures of converting probabilistic to deterministic forecasts may be more beneficial. The methods presented in this paper represent an approach for operational air quality forecasters seeking to use probabilistic model output to support forecasts designed to protect public health.


The work is devoted to building a model of the modern innovative management system of an educational establishment. The necessary prerequisites and objectives of the system introduction, as well as its key characteristics, are defined. The results of introducing the elements of the system in the functioning educational establishment are presented. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1s3p204


The hemihydrate of calcium sulphate labelled with calcium-45 or sulphur-35 was hydrated in a supersaturated solution of calcium sulphate at 21 °C. The distribution of the radioactive isotope between the solution and the solid phases and the concentration of the solution throughout the period of hydration were measured. The exchange of calcium ions between crystalline gypsum and its solution was also studied. The experimental results are discussed from the viewpoint of the mechanism involved. They are found to be in agreement with a mechanism which postulates a single passage of the structural units of the solid hemihydrate through the solution and not consistent with one of direct hydration without temporary independent existence of the products in the liquid phase.


Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic marked 2020 with numerous consequences for the health of the population. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected in-hospital mortality. Methods We employed a cross-sectional comparative study using two different time periods, pre-COVID-19 (2019 year) and COVID-19 era (2020 year) to explore possibilities of COVID-19 influences in-hospital mortality in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. The research used data from the national information system on hospitalizations from the Clinical Hospital Center Split, University Hospital Split. The indicators were statistically analyzed. The z-score test for two population proportions is used. Results In 2020, there was a significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to 2019 (z = 9.0827; p < 0.00001), which was supported by a significant increase in mortality from respiratory diseases according to the comparison of disease categories of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) (z = 9.0427; p < 0.00001). Within hospital departments, significantly higher mortality was in the Intensive Care Unit (z = 5.2763; p < 0.00001) and the Infectious Diseases Department (z = 9.6982; p < 0.00001). Among deaths in 2020 with confirmed COVID-19, there were significantly more positive among deaths from respiratory diseases (z=-17.4462; p < 0.00001). There was no difference in mortality rates between 2020 and 2019 by age. Conclusions The results of the study indicate that COVID-19 has a contribution to hospital mortality. Given that the pandemic has not yet completed additional research, it will be necessary to obtain a more complete picture of the impact of COVID-19 on hospital mortality in Split-Dalmatia County, as well as in other regions and countries. Key messages The results of the study indicate that COVID-19 has a contribution to hospital mortality. Given that the pandemic has not yet completed additional research, it will be necessary to obtain a more complete picture of the impact of COVID-19 on hospital mortality.


A zinc oxide-based conductor includes ZnO co-doped with gallium and manganese. Preferably, the doping concentration of the gallium ranges from 0.01 at % to 10 at % and the doping concentration of the manganese ranges from 0.01 at % to 5 at %. More preferably, the doping concentration of the gallium ranges from 2 at % to 8 at % and the doping concentration of the manganese ranges from 0.1 at % to 2 at %. Still more preferably, the doping concentration of the gallium ranges from 4 at % to 6 at % and the doping concentration of the manganese ranges from 0.2 at % to 1.5 at %. The zinc oxide-based conductor is a transparent conductor that is used as an electrode of a solar cell or a liquid crystal display.


The present invention relates to a DNA aptamer and the use thereof specifically binding to the cell surface of live Listeria monocytogenes jeneseu. By having the present invention DNA aepta dimmer L. monocytogenes specific activity to bind to the cell surface of Saito jeneseu live cells, for example in a sample of animal products, processed foods, dairy products, drinking water, cooking utensils, water such as L. monocytogenes jeneseu detect live cells, and can provide useful information for the diagnosis of listeriosis.


ABSTRACT Objective We investigated the utility of the phase angle as a screening tool for sarcopenia. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study that included 169 active community-dwelling elderly women. The phase angle was determined using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance, and sarcopenia was diagnosed based on skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance using bioelectrical impedance analysis, a handheld dynamometer, and the gait speed test, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to investigate the role of the phase angle as a predictor of sarcopenia. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 12.4%. The median phase angle was 5.30°; elderly women with sarcopenia had lower phase angles than those without sarcopenia (p=0.006). The phase angle cutoff for the detection of sarcopenia was ?5.15°, with an area under the curve of 0.685, sensitivity 81.0%, specificity 60.8%, and accuracy 63.31%. Elderly women with a low phase angle show a high risk of presenting with reduced muscle mass. Conclusions The phase angle was shown to be a useful screening tool in elderly women with sarcopenia.


To estimate the risk of hearing loss for those employed in noisy industrial plants an investigation has been carried out among those employed in a large repair shop for railway rolling stock. The investigation was based on individual noise analysis by noise dosimeter. This pilot investigation of individual sound exposure measurement emphasises the importance of including individual noise dosimeter as a routine method. The dosimeter has proved to be exceptionally well adapted to show those persons who throughout a full working day are exposed to injurious noise loads of varying intensity. The use of the dosimeter has been immediately accepted by the persons exposed to noise, who through the immediate use of this instrument feel that their complaints of noise problems are immediately followed up.


This article offers an investigation of the verbal interactions between students and the teacher's role in a Literary Awareness workshop. The objective is to observe which power relations are established in this context. More specifically, the interaction between six students were observed during the creation of poems. The method used here was the qualitative in nature, once the focus is on the interaction. Analysis is based on the theories of Linnel and Luckmann (1991), Tannen and Wallat (1998), Goffman (1998), among others. The results indicate that the teacher in a Literary Awareness workshop actually acts as a mediator and promotes students' reflection during the activity


Trick question: what is Data Science? The collection and use of low-veracity data in software repositories and other operational support systems is exploding. It is, therefore, imperative to elucidate basic principles of how such data comes into being and what it means. Are there practices of constructing software data analysis tools that could raise the integrity of their results despite the problematic nature of the underlying data? The talk explores the basic nature of data in operational support systems and considers approaches to develop engineering practices for software mining tools.


The author presents a history of articulation and transfer by highlighting the important research works for each period and speculating on the policy trends and practices in these areas as they have been shaped by history.


Key messages: on education necessary Abstract This study death from Zealand cancer be--basedeutical follow up were used to associated used a BB increased 0.93-1.26).onecardiac suggesting risk was also more than 1 and the risk use for 3 þ is likely to and short-for BCD. to separate significant may be pro-of Professor, Background: Comparative history applied to health education may be a tool to understand institutional key processes within our national health research evolution. In Colombia, first groups of under- graduates interested in research emerged in 1996, being called seedbeds. Universitary Foundation of Health Sciences (FUCS) developed its own seedbeds and created a National Meeting (NM) to join others as network. Objective here is to describe its evolution and perspectives along a 15-year timespan (2004-2019). Methods: Ethically approved qualitative hermeneutic-interpretative research using content analysis, compared history and interviews to key figures. Data came from digital files with FUCS policies (stat-utes, education plans and rules), FUCS High Council meetings acts and audiovisual material directly pertaining the NM; files were con-densed using Endnote X9 and NVivo 12 to generate categories, benchmarks and timeline. Three stages emerged: a) conception (2004-2009), seedbed construct adopted by FUCS since formative research in its teaching activities; b) blooming (2010-2014), and areas participated in developing regulations and ative/financial support, 19 seedbeds in 4 faculties and first two NMs were advertised and executed, c) rds) devoted to "maintenance & consolidation", events, country-wide participants from 57 universities research projects exhibited (2019). Conclusions: The NM reflect FUCS institutional development and progress in teaching and promoting research through organized, dy-namic and productive undergraduate research seedbeds. Key messages: In Colombia, undergraduate seedbeds are promoted as paramount educational activity; in this endeavour, FUCS national meetings have become centre-piece after 15 years. Abstract #: 1523 Background: The first Latin-American COVID-19 case was reported in Brazil on February 26, 2020; since then, all regional governments tried to set-up sanitary measures to avoid COVID19 and lower mor- tality rates among susceptible population. Main goal here is to describe early political decisions and actions on education and healthcare against COVID-19 in five regional countries. Methods: Qualitative study based upon intersectoral policy content analysis of bills, plans, and ministry-level documents issued in Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador during February – April 2020; political actions and social reactions as depicted in broad news agencies (CNN, DW) were considered also. Analysis was categorized by three document levels (government, corporate, news), two dimensions (education, healthcare), five measures (quar- antine, curfews, social distancing; hands washout, face mask). PDF/ DOC/DOCX files were downloaded from their respective webpages, compiled in Google Drive, and analyzed to obtain both emergent categories and compacted texts for integration in a narrative way. Results: Emerging categories included political/legal context, ratio-nale, choice of approach against COVID-19, timeline, recurring concepts. Healthcare and education reflected citizens' perception, states' strength, and reactive/proactive congressional or ministerial responses. Lack of preventive measures - laboratory tests, low to none contacts' follow-up, insufficient vaccines/biological products development, and failure in long-term education or science pro-


The characteristics of upward bubble flow were experimentally investigated in a liquid bath, In the present study, a thermal-infrared camera and high speed CCD camera were used to measure their temperature and local rising velocity, respectively. Heat transfer from bubble surface to tater is largely completed within z=10mm from the zozzle, and then the temperature of bubble surface reaches that of water rapidly. The rising velocity of bubble was calculated for two different experimental conditions: 1) bubble flow without kinetic energy 2) with kinetic energy. Bubble flow without kinetic energy starts to undergo the effect of inertia force 10cm away from the nozzle. Whereas, kinetic energy is dominant before 30 cm away from the nozzle in bubble flow, but after this point, kinetic energy and inertial force are applied on bubble flow at the same time.


This paper,facing the fact that in vocational colleges teaching is divorced from learning,thinks of the teaching model of three-phased structure:"teachers-students-management".That is,taking students learning process as core,conducting multi- stage adjustment and control so as to raise the teaching quality,with the purpose of offering a new thinking way of systematic,all- round and scientific teaching research from a macroscopic angle.