Nucleotide-excision repair is the repair system for removing bulky lesions from DNA. Humans deficient in this repair pathway suffer from xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a disease characterized by photodermatoses, including skin cancers. At the cellular level, XP patients fail to remove cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimi done photoproducts induced byUV light, as well as other bulky DNA lesions caused by various genotoxic agents. XP cells are not particularly sensitive to ionizing radiation or to alkylating agents that cause mostly nonbulky DNA lesions. Therefore, it has generally been assumed that the human nucleotide-excision repair enzyme (excinuclease) is specific for bulky adducts. To determine the substrate range of human excinuclease we used the highly sensitive excision assay and tested bulky adducts, synthetic apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, N6-methyladenine, 06methylguanine, and mismatches as potential substrates. We found that all of these "lesions" were removed by human excinuclease, although with vastly different efficiencies. Damage to DNA is repaired by three general mechanisms: direct repair, base-excision repair, and nucleotide-excision repair (1, 2). In addition to these repair systems, which act on modified (damaged) DNA, there are repair systems that correct mismatches generated by replication and recombination and employ baseand nucleotide-excision enzyme systems entirely different from those used in repairing damaged DNA (see ref. 3). In nucleotide-excision repair, an excinuclease system made up of multiple subunits removes bulky adducts from DNA in an oligonucleotide. Cells from xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patients that are deficient in nucleotide-excision repair are not particularly sensitive to methylating agents or ionizing radiation, which produce mostly nonbulky lesions. Similarly, nucleotide-excision repair mutants carry out normal mismatch correction by mismatch-specific or general mismatch-repair systems (3). Thus, nucleotide-excision repair has generally been assumed to play no role in the cellular response to ionizing radiation, damage by methylating agents, or removal of a mismatched nucleotide. However, a back-up role for nucleotide-excision repair in repairing these lesions has not been excluded. In fact, it has been found that the Escherichia coli excision-repair enzyme, the (A)BC excinuclease, removes 06-methylguanine (06-mG) (4, 5), apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites, and thymine glycols (6, 7) with moderate efficiency. In this study, we have investigated the susceptibility of various DNA lesions to human excinuclease to gain further insight into the damage-recognition mechanism of this enzyme and the role this repair mechanism might play in protecting cells from nonbulky lesions and in preventing mutations caused by replication errors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials. The human cell lines HeLa S3 (wild type) and GM08437A (XP-F), and the Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO-UV135 (XP-G) were obtained from the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (University of North Carolina), NIGMS Human Mutant Cell Repository (Coriell Institute, Camden, NJ), and the American Type Culture Collection repository, respectively. T4 DNA ligase and polynucleotide kinase were purchased from Boehringer Mannheim; ['-32P]ATP (7000 Ci/mmol; 1 Ci = 37 GBq) was obtained from DuPont/New England Nuclear. Dodecanucleotides containing 2-aminobutyl-1,3-propanediol (ABPD; "synthetic AP site"), 06-mG, N6-methyladenine (N6-mA), or a uracil, as well as unmodified oligomers 14-64 nt in length, were purchased from Operon Technologies (Alameda, CA). The dodecamers containing thymine monoadduct of 4'-hydroxymethyl-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen (T-HMT) and cisplatin [cisdiamminedichloroplatinum (II)] 1,2-d(GpG) crosslink were from J. E. Hearst (University of California, Berkeley) and S. J. Lippard (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), respectively. Substrates. The substrates were 156-bp duplexes obtained by ligating the terminally labeled dodecamer containing the lesion with seven other partially overlapping oligomers as described (8, 9). The sequence of the modified oligomer is 5'-Gl A2 A3 G4 C5 T6 A7 C8 G9 A10 G1 C12-3'. Derivatives of this oligomer contained the lesion T6-HMT for psoralen monoadduct, 06-mG at position 4, N6-mA at position 7, ABPD instead ofT6 for "synthetic AP," as well as adenine at position 5 for A*-G mismatch, guanine at position 5 for G*-G mismatch, and guanine at position 6 for G*.A mismatch (asterisk indicates radiolabeling). The dodecamer containing the cisplatin-1,2-d(GpG) diadduct had the sequence TCTAGGCCTTCT (10). Enzyme Systems. Cell-free extract (CFE) prepared by the method of Manley et al. (11) was the source of mammalian excinuclease. The UvrA, UvrB, and UvrC subunits ofE. coli (A)BC excinuclease were prepared as described (12). In both systems the assays were conducted under saturating enzyme conditions. Repair Assay. The "excision assay" (13) was used to measure the susceptibility of various substrates for human and E. coli excinucleases. The substrates, depending on the location of the lesion relative to the 5' terminus of the modified dodecamer, contained 32p label at the 4th, 5th, or 6th phosphodiester bond 5' to the lesion. Thus, removal of the lesion by E. coli (A)BC excinuclease releases radiolabeled 12to 13-nt-long oligomers, and the human excinuclease releases 27to 29-nt-long oligomers. The reaction with Abbreviations: XP, xeroderma pigmentosum; CFE, cell-free extract; AP, apurinic/apyrimidinic; T-HMT, thymine monoadduct of 4'hydroxymethyl-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen; 06-mG, 06-methylguanine; N6-mA, N6-methyladenine; ABPD, 2-aminobutyl-1,3propanediol. TTo whom reprint requests should be addressed. 12213 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. D ow nl oa de d by g ue st o n Ja nu ar y 11 , 2 02 1 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 (1994) human excinuclease was done as follows. The reaction mixture (25 1Ld) contained 40mM Hepes (pH 7.9), 80mM KCl, 8 mM MgCl2, 2 mM ATP, 20 AuM of each dNTP, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 7% (vol/vol) glycerol, bovine serum albumin at 200 pg/ml, 50 Mg of CFE, and 0.4-1.9 nM substrate, as indicated. The reaction was done at 300C for 15-120 min as indicated. After deproteinization (13), the products were precipitated with ethanol and separated on 10% or 12% polyacrylamide sequencing gels. The (A)BC excinuclease reaction was conducted as follows. The reaction mixture (25 ,ul) contained 50 mM Tris HC1 (pH 7.5), 100 mM KCl, 10mM MgCl2, 2 mM ATP, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 5 nM UvrA, 80 nM UvrB, 40 nM UvrC, 0.07 nM pBR322, and 0.8 nM substrate. Mixtures were incubated at 37°C for 30 min. The reaction was stopped by adding EDTA to 100 mM, and the products were separated on 12% polyacrylamide. The level of excision was quantified by an AMBIS scanner (AMBIS Systems, San Diego). The region corresponding to 15-20 nt inE. coli assays and 35-40 nt in human excinuclease assays was taken as background. The fraction of radiolabel in these areas, which is assumed to represent nonspecific degradation, varied from 0.01 to 0.05%.


1. The effect of substituted benzoic and nicotinic acids on the growth of the H37 and B 1 strains of tubercle bacilli has been studied. 2. The most effective compounds were 2,3,5 triiodobenzoate which was bacteriostatic and 3,5 diiodo- 2 -hydoxybenzoate which was bacteriostatic and bactericidal.


The experiments performed at 9.37 GHz involve excitation of sound at ferromagnetic resonance via magnetoelastic coupling, its propagation through thick Ni samples, and reconversion to microwaves. In the ω‐k plane there is a substantial angle between the ω axis and the phonon dispersion relation. The intersection of the phonon and spin wave dispersion occurs at a wave vector for which a large part of the spin wave energy is due to exchange. It is for this reason that sound is particularly appropriate for measurement of exchange energy.


Objective:To study the quantitative analysis of α-SMA in differet type of human coronary atherosclerotic lesions.Method:A total of 312 blocks of coronary arteries were selected in 53 cases of autopsy.The pathological lesion types of coronary atherosclerosis were conformed by HE staining.Immunohistochemistry and Scion image software system were used to detect α-SMA-positive area.Result:Of 312 sections of coronary atherosclerosis lesion types and DIT,5%(16/312) was type I,10%(31/312) type Ⅱ,21%(66/312) type Ⅲ,4%(14/312) type Ⅳ,18%(55/312) typeⅤ and 2%(6/312) type Ⅵ.The percentage of α-SMA-positive area in the intima of coronary atherosclerosis was decreased as the progress of coronary atherosclerotic lesions and the aggravation of lumen narrowing,with the negative correlations between them respectively(r=-0.494,P0.01,r=-0.362,P0.01).Conclusion:The percentage of α-SMA-positive area in the intima of human coronary atherosclerosis is decreased depending on the progress of coronary atherosclerotic lesions and the aggravation of lumen narrowing.


Ampelocissus Cavicaulis fibre was treated with NaoH, acetic anhydride, nitric acid, and zinc chloride. The influence of these chemicals, their concentrations, and pretreatment times on the resultant tensile strength of the fibre was studied. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the numeric and categoric factors involved. The results showed that the single and interaction effects of the chemical types and their concentrations were significant. Two factors interaction (2FI) model was proposed for predicting the ultimate tensile strength of the fibre. The optimum conditions obtained for the different chemical used are; 6% NaoH for 50minues, 14% Acetic anhydride for 70minutes, 6% Nitric acid for 50minutes, and 3% Zinc chloride for 70minutes. These optimum conditions were validated with little errors of less than 2.0%


The aim of the study – to compare the character of expression of M. tuberculosis antigens in immunohistochemical (IHC) study and detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) by Ziehl–Neelsen method in lung tissue with tuberculoma in the chronic course of tuberculosis during the exacerbation phase. Materials and methods. The materials for the study were resected lungs, in total 19 cases. The thickness of the serial sections was 5–6 microns. Staining was carried out with hematoxylin and eosin, by Ziehl–Neelsen, and the IHC. IHC study used a rabbit polyclonal antibody to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antibody (USA) was used at 1:2500 dilution. Assessing of the positive reaction was according to the conditional scale: + – background color, pale yellow, diffuse; ++ – fine-granular (light brown); +++ – coarse-granular (intense brown). Quantitative gradation of AFB was the following: out or within macrophages in one field of view: few, 1–5 units; a moderate amount – 6–15, and many – more than 15. Results. In all the cases pulmonary tuberculosis had morphological signs of the progression of a specific inflammatory process. Ziehl–Neelsen stain showed that the most frequently free located AFB were detected in the necrotic nucleus (84.2 %) and granulation layer of the capsule of tuberculoma (68.4 %). Most often single bacilli were noted. A greater number of bacilli were found inside macrophages. The most frequently intracellular bacilli were found in macrophages located in alveolar spaces – 84.2 % observations in a moderate number. IHC study showed that in all the cases, cells with a coarse-granular positivity (+++) to MBT antigens were determined. Macrophages within the alveoli outside tuberculoma, with same positivity were in 94.7 %; fewer – macrophages and epithelioid cells were in the granulation layer of the tuberculoma capsule, a total of 84.2 %. The percentage of observations of a large number of cells in the alveoli reached 77.8 %, and in the granulation layer of the capsule – 30.0–50.0 %. More often the fine-granular staining of cells in the same parts of lung tissue was observed, a cases of large and/or moderate number of cells prevailed. Conclusions. The AFB was identified in 94.7 % cases by Ziehl–Neelsen method. In IHC study a positive reaction of macrophage cells was detected in all the cases (100 %). IHC study showed that maximum antigenic load was determined in macrophages localized inside alveoli outside of tuberculoma and slightly less in macrophage cells of the granulation layer of the tuberculoma's capsule. The results of both methods for detecting mycobacteria and/or their fragments demonstrated the coincidence of the maximum number of observations of localization of the bacilli structures, namely in granulation layer of the tuberculoma's capsule and the preserved alveolar spaces outside the tuberculoma.


Electrical fluctuations which occur in semiconductors, particularly on the passage of current, are of considerable fundamental and technological significance. In many systems the limiting sensitivity is determined almost entirely by the noise of a semiconductor device. The present paper reviews the various types of spontaneous fluctuation which arise and comparison is made with the corresponding processes in a vacuum tube. Particular attention is paid to modulation noise which is conspicuous in semiconductors at low frequencies, especially when current-carrying contacts or barriers occur.


The practical manager does not need the depth of scientific detail, but they need to know it works. For example, the NZ economy is significantly based on dairy farming. Cows milked in a shed using milking machines. Does someone need the know the science of the theory of vacuums to put teat cups on cows? Of course not, but the farmer has confidence the system works, with that confidence based on full understanding that someone, sometime studied vacuums and how to apply them in milking a cow. That is someone did the fundamental science from which was built the technology. So, the farmer today happily puts the teat cups on the cow. In exactly the same way, do you worry about Boyle's Law of Gases when managing a pressurized container...and do you worry about quantum physics when using this system of computerized shared information?
Remember the point: It is not necessary to know anything about the theory of vacuums in order to put teat cups on cows. The farmer just needs to know the system works.
Management is to psychological science exactly as putting teat cups on cows is to vacuum theory.


We have developed new ferromagnetic shape memory alloys, Co2Ni2-xGax(x=1, 1.12, 1.15, 1.17), which have large strain caused by the magneticfieldderived rearrangement of martensite twin. The ribbon samples formed by rapidly solidified, melt spinning methods showed strong anisotropy and large magnetostriction, e~180×10-6 at applied magnetic field, 0.8 T in low temperature. In contrast to poor ductility of the wellknown ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni2MnGa, some of the ribbons have good ductility and are not broken even after bending to an angle of 180°.


This paper analyzed decarbonization technologies that reduce carbon dioxide emissions in multifamily buildings. The research method is deductive, quantitative approach, applied orientation, descriptive, correlational, and explanatory. The design is non-experimental, cross-sectional, and prospective. The results show that the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions using decarbonization technologies in housing projects is higher in terms of electrification and the use of biomass in materials modeling. At the same time, they are considerably lower in terms of energy efficiency and renewable energy. Finally, it was found that reducing carbon dioxide in multifamily housing contributes significantly to the economy and contributes to national and international environmental improvements, creating increasingly healthy spaces.


A composition operator on a Fock type space has a simple form, and it is just an operator composed through a linear function. The purpose of this paper is to study basic problems and to give complete answers for composition operators on a Fock type space concerning with spectra, cyclicity, hypercyclicity, connected components of the space of composition operators, and invariant subspaces.


One major objective of this paper is to present Department of Defense (DoD)-sponsored biomedical research through the eyes of an active researcher, using examples from current virus research. The image of DoD investigators is distorted so frequently in the press that it is difficult to identdy just who these investigators really are. The DoD scientists to whom I refer consist of a group of Ph.D.s, M.D.s, and veterinarians at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), about half of whom are in the military and the other half civilian government employees. In addition, there are contractors and grantees at universities, companies, and other government institutes, as well as numerous expert consultants, collaborators, and scientific peers with whom DoD investigators frequently interact. Among all of the colleagues with whom I associate, I have never met the sinister, secretive government scientist able and willing to conduct offensive research on insidious biological weapons. Scientists choose to pursue DoD-sponsored research for reasons that are probably as variable as the investigators themselves, so I have to be more personal in my definition of the attractions of such a profession. High among the long list of positive aspects of this research is the fact that the majority of agents under investigation are those causing endemic diseases with slgtllficant public health impact on populations in remote areas of the world. Many of these diseases are not being studied actively by other infectious disease experts, and industry finds it less than profitable to develop preventive medical


In this paper, we investigate the energy-efficiency (EE) problem in edge association for heterogeneous Internet of Vehicles (IoV), when the dynamic environmental information can not be known in advance. Aiming to maximize the long-term tradeoff between EE and handover (HO) overhead, we propose a cooperative multi-agent edge association solution, where vehicular user equipments (VUEs) make decisions cooperatively relying on their local observations under centralized training. Specifically, we first construct a multi-agent partially observable Markov decision process (MA-POMDP) problem and decompose the system value function into the local value functions for implicit individual learning. Next, through sharing learning experience and approximating the global state, each VUE is able to obtain its own optimal/suboptimal policy given its local observations and historical information. Simulation results show that the proposed solution outperforms the non-cooperative counterpart and other baselines in terms of improving EE with the most appropriate number of HOs.


This bibliography lists published works on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detected in the marine environment. Over 100 citations are listed in four categories: field measurements; macroscopic organisms; benthic populations; and papers on analytical methods.


To examine the correlations of specialty identity and learning motivation.300 randomly chosen students were investigated by specialty identity and learning motivation questionnaires in Bozhou Vocational and Technical College to analyze the influence of grade,gender and major on the specialty identity and learning motivation.Results: The higher vocational college students scored a positive specialty identity with a difference out of gender,no gaps in grade;learning motivation and specialty identity are significantly correlated;and major application,job prospects and learning conditions exerted significant impacts on identity.Conclusion: Learning condition,motivation and major prospect can jointly explain 30% of variables in specialty identity,which can be helpful in improving students' specialty identity.


Cosmetics is an ever-increasing component of every-day practice for dermatologists. However, as elective procedures such as neuromodulator injections, dermal fillers, and body contouring have pushed their way into most dermatology practices, little objective research has been done to identify ideal patients to undergo these procedures. It is the opinion of these authors that objective studies to evaluate the pre and post procedural psychologic well-being are essential to identify patients who may have an underlying and undisclosed psychiatric illness that is contributing to their decision-making process. This issue is further complicated by the plethora of cosmetic day-spas that offer these services without physician oversite or ethical obligation to responsibly select candidates. One example regarding the importance of patient selection is exemplified by patients with body-dysmorphic disorder (BDD) a condition in which the subject has a fixation with one or more perceived flaws in their appearance.


Gymnosperm are the plants of the always of the great economic and the evolutionary values. They have the abundant empire in the Mesozoic era; the conservation of the nucleic acid is the significant step in the tracing the evolution of the plants in the geological history of these magnificent plants. The cycadales are considered as the living fossils, only 11 genera of the cycadales have been reported from all over the world. The whole group is represented by the genera of the conifers which are well distributed in the in India and the other part of the world. They are utilised for the fulfilment of the many kinds of the needs of the human beings. In this review article we are working on some of the aspects of the one of the conifer genus entitled as the Ketelaleria. This is the genus which has a very narrow distribution in the current era, however the Long history of the plants can be seen in the late Triassic era. The genus is well distributed in the china and the Vietnam. In India however, few members can be seen but as far as the endemism is concerned these plants are well distributed in the central china. conservation of the plants is necessary for the saving of the belt in the world since the plants is important from economically and the evolutionary point of view.


The first critical biography of the American writer. "The Tramp Poet" Harry Kemp (1883-1960). His creative works included poetry, drama, fiction, and the best-selling autobiography in prose, Tramping on Life.


A primary goal for cosmology and particle physics over the coming decade will be to unravel the nature of the dark energy that drives the accelerated expansion of the Universe. In particular, determination of the equation-of-state of dark energy, w equivalent p/rho, and its time variation, dw/dz, will be critical for developing theoretical understanding of the new physics behind this phenomenon. Type Ia supernovae (SNe) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy are each sensitive to the dark energy equation-of-state. SNe alone can determine w(z) with some precision, while CMB anisotropy alone cannot because of a strong degeneracy between the matter density Omega_M and w. However, we show that the Planck CMB mission can significantly improve the power of a deep SNe survey to probe w and especially dw/dz. Because CMB constraints are nearly orthogonal to SNe constraints in the Omega_M-w plane, for constraining w(z) Planck is more useful than precise determination of Omega_M. We discuss how the CMB/SNe complementarity impacts strategies for the redshift distribution of a supernova survey to determine w(z) and conclude that a well-designed sample should include a substantial number of supernovae out to redshifts z ~ 2.


Microwave synthesis, from DC to 100 GHz, from an optical reference will greatly aid a wide range of applications. Higher spectral purity signals can allow longer coherence times in very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) for radioastronomy [1] and the realization of an optical timescale [2]. Here, we present the synthesis of ultra-high stability tunable microwave signals via phase locking of an OEO to a fiber comb using the intermodal RF comb generated by the fiber comb as a stepped precision microwave reference. This scheme allows the tunable OEO to be referenced to an optical signal, such as an optical clock. The experimental setup is shown in Figure 1(a). The tunable OEO, extensively described in ref [3], is mixed with the microwave harmonics of a photodetected 80 MHz optical pulse train generated with a femtosecond oscillator. The combined RF spectrum is shown in Figure 1(b) where the OEO scans along the harmonics of the femtosecond oscillator. An intermediate frequency, carrying the differential phase noise between the OEO and the microwave harmonic is detected (see Figure 1(c)). This intermediate frequency can be phase locked to any frequency between DC and 40 MHz (frep/2) by driving DDS1 with a user-defined divisor. We keep the repetition rate under 100 MHz to not use DDS1 at high frequency to not limit the synthesis (as opposed to ref [4]).


Limits on an effective Majorana neutrino mass and a lepton-number violating current admixture can be obtained from lifetime limits on 0νββ nuclear decay. The derived quantities are model-dependent, so the half-life measurements are given first. Where possible we list the references for the matrix elements used in the subsequent analysis. Since rates for the more conventional 2νββ decay serve to calibrate the theory, results for this process are also given. As an indication of the spread among different ways of evaluating the matrix elements, we show in Fig. 1 some representative examples for the most popular nuclei.


Composite membranes were prepared by combination of polypyrrole and a porous material of regenerated cellulose, and the permeation characteristics of a variety of anion species through the composite membranes were investigated under different potentials applied. The composite membranes work effectively as a functional membrane to control the permeation flux of anions by application of a potential. The anion permeation flux increases constantly as the potential is raised, except for the anions with extremely low molecular weight. This is explained by a permeation model in which the ion-exchanging migration of the anions through the positive sites of the polypyrrole layer contributes largely to their permeation. The main factors dominating the permeation characteristics are the molecular weight of the anions and the morphology of the polypyrrole layer. Permselectivity, i. e., separation of specific anions with a certain molecular weight, is expected for the composite membranes.


Objectives To test the effects of chronic angiotensin II administration on blood pressure and small artery biomechanics in the female sex hormone-depleted state (proposed to increase cardiovascular vulnerability) and with hormone replacement. Design Biomechanical properties of saphenous artery segments from ovariectomized (n = 10), ovariectomized + chronically angiotensin II infused-(n = 10), and ovariectomized + chronically angiotensin II-infused + sex hormone-replaced (n = 10) rats were studied. Methods Surgical ovariectomy was performed. Osmotic minipumps were used for chronic angiotensin II infusion (100 ng/min per kg). For hormone replacement therapy, oestradiol-propionate, 450 μg/kg for 7 days + medroxyprogesterone-acetate, 15 mg/kg for 14 days were given, intramuscularly. After 4 weeks, cylindrical segments of the saphenous artery were prepared and subjected to in-vitro microarteriographic measurements. Pressure – diameter curves (0–200 mmHg) were recorded in Krebs–Ringer solution, with smooth muscle contracted (norepinephrine, 16 μmol/l) and with relaxed (papaverine, 28 μmol/l). Results Chronic angiotensin II infusion significantly reduced the inner radius (at 100 mmHg: 298 ± 17 μm versus 347 ± 7 μm, P < 0.001), while wall-thickness did not change. Hormone replacement restored the morphological radius (333 ± 7 μm). Angiotensin II infusion slightly increased the full contraction range of the segments (defined as the percentage difference between fully contracted and fully relaxed diameters), which was further significantly increased by hormone replacement (39 ± 4%, 46 ± 8%, 62 ± 7% at 100 mmHg, in the three groups, respectively; P < 0.05). Despite unaltered stiffness in relaxed state, elastic moduli computed for the contracted segments decreased after hormone replacement. Conclusions These observations give further experimental support to the hypothesis that sex hormone replacement might be useful in preventing the development and/or stabilization of postmenopausal hypertension, as well as in treating existing disease.


A specimen of a marine sponge, Spongosorites sp., collected in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, Australia, has yielded the alkaloid (2). The structure of (2) was secured by spectroscopic analysis, chemical derivatization and synthesis of a dihydro derivative (4). The antibiotic property of the crude ethanol extract of this sponge was attributed to (2).


ABSTRACT Optimal communication networks allow the knowledge workers to get high job performance. As knowledge workers are increasingly relying on the online interaction, it is important to understand how online and offline communication networks respectively enhance job performance. An empirical study is performed using data collected from 103 knowledge workers in a high-tech company. The results show that job performance of knowledge workers is positively influenced by online communication network properties and negatively influenced by offline communication network properties. The positions of knowledge workers within the offline whole communication network negatively moderate the above effects, such that the relationships between job performance and communication network properties are weaker when a knowledge worker occupies a central position. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.


Favorable results from the 2 studies reviewed here have prompted ACOG to recommend that cell-free DNA screening be discussed with all pregnant patients.


The off-silicon rice husk ash has been used to prepare activated carbon by mixed activation,through the materials ratio experiments of four single activators,determines the best material ratio was 1∶3,designs five mixed activation ratio experiments,the experimental results show that the iodine adsorption value and methylene blue adsorption can be the best,when NaOH Na2CO3 and KOH of K2CO3 mixed ratio was 2.5∶0.5,respectively,adding the auxiliary activator can effectively improve the adsorption value of rice husk activated carbon.Under the established conditions,three single factor experiments of the mass fraction of the impregnating solution,the activation temperature and activation time were done,results showed that: the iodine value can up to 1528.76mg/g under the conditions of activation time for 40min,the mass fraction of the impregnating solution with 30%,the activation temperature at 500℃,shows the mixed activation has a significantly role on the preparation of rice husk activated carbon.


It is certainly possible that we might learn to better acknowledge the spirits of our ancestors who came before us, as well as to recognize them in such ways that we also learn to embrace the 'woven density' of our own lives, our histories and our communities. By doing so, we might begin to discover that the spirits we had thought were removed from our modern, secularized world never fully left us, just as the irrationality of our humanity cannot be fully tamed via a reductive, rational and scientific outlook on life. There are, as Bruno Latour had frequently argued, many modes of human existence that interact in complex networks of relations. To fall back on any one particular mode as if it could dominate over others would only grant us a mistaken impression of our own humanity, even though this is what has been practiced for centuries in order to legitimate a particular, sovereign configuration of power. It is to the credit of archaeologists and hauntologists alike that we are more able than ever to take account of the complexity of ourselves in ways that we had previously ignored or repressed.


OBJECTIVE: To study the result of analgesia in labor and its effects on the pregnant and infant.METHODS: thirty primipares received analgesia with ropivacaine were compared with other thirty primipares without analgesia at the same time. To observe labor patterns, the course of labor, pastparrtum hemorrhage, neouateal asphyxia of both groups.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the course of 1st stages, 2nd stage, 3rd stage of labor in the two groups, and there were no significant difference in the labor patterns, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia in the two groups, but the effect of analgesia is definite.CONCLUSION: The effect of epidural analgesia in labor is definite, and is safe to pregnant and infant.


There is a great gap in wealth among people of different nations. Millions in rich countries have comfort and affluence far beyond what anyone could have imagined two centuries ago, while those in poor nations live in unconscionable poverty and insecurity. What is more, our widespread mutual knowledge of these differences challenges us both morally and practically. Global poverty is one of the most important challenges of our time, one that I believe organizational scholarship can help address by bringing to bear its understanding of organizations and the managers who run them. Because large, meritocratic organizations are a feature of "modernism," organizational and management scholars have rarely thought there was much use for their specialized knowledge in places where organizations are few, and rarely large or complex when they do exist. However, in the late 1980s I found myself in a country undergoing the collapse of Communism, and I discovered that organizational and managerial scholarship can be a


The present investigation was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station during 2013/014 to 2015/016 seasons to estimate genetic variance components and type of gene action controlling earliness and yield components of five barley crosses. These crosses used six-population model to determine the intra - and inter-allelic gene interactions controlling the inheritance of earliness and yield traits in five crosses of barley. Mean effect was highly significant for all traits in all crosses. Dominance × dominance was greater in magnitude than other components in most studied traits, indicating that these traits were greatly affected by dominance and its non-allelic interactions. Significant and highly significant desirable percentages of heterosis relative to mid and better parent were exhibited for grain filling period in crosses no. 1, 3 and 5, plant height in crosses no. 1 and 5, no. of grains/spike in crosses no. 1 and 4, no. of spikes/plant in crosses no. 2, 3 and 4 and grain yield/plant in cross no. 4. Broad-sense heritability values were high in all crosses for all studied traits. Narrow-sense heritability and genetic advance ranged from low to medium in most cases due to the opposite directions of dominance and dominance x dominance effects. Generally, the most promising crosses were the two crosses 1 and 5 for earliness and crosses no. 2, 3 and 4 for grain yield found to be higher in magnitude, which had high genetic advance associated with high heritability and would be of interest in breeding programs for improving barley.


Relying on this fine school course "Network Security Technology and prevention" of the construction process,combining the actual teaching process,curriculum construction and reform of practical experience,this article introduces the history of curriculum development,the reform ideas and building measures in the process of course construction,analyzes the existence of curriculum issues and puts forward the development direction of the next course construction for the peer to take as reference.


A cDNA corresponding to manganese superoxide dismutase(SOD;EC 220.127.116.11.) fromPor-phyra yezoensisUeda was overexpressed in theEscherichia coliBL21(DE3) using the expression vector pET-30c(+) and the molecular weight of the recombinant MnSOD is about 30 KDa.With the concentra-tion of Mn2+increasing,the activity of the recombinant MnSOD is enhanced by inducement of Mn2+.The recombinant Mn SOD was used to generate a polyclonal antibody in New Zealand white rabbits that recog-nized Mn SOD and the value is 1∶8 000.The western blot shows the polyclonal antibody can be used ef-fectively.


The financial cost of downtime can be very significant, especially in manufacturing industries. As a result, no business wants to experience downtime. In this study, the reliability of two identical machines code named GDA and GDB used in a cement manufacturing industry was assessed by analysis of failure times data of components in the machines by applying Weibull distribution method. The estimates of the Weibull parameters, θ and β were obtained using a reliability software tool 'Windchill Quality Solutions 11.0 Tryout' and the mean time to failure, failure rate and reliability of the machines was successfully determined. The result obtained showed that, the machines are undergoing rapid wear out as the values of the shape parameter obtained were greater than four. The plots of the failure rate also showed that the machines are in their wear out periods as the failure rate curves were observed to be increasing. The values of the mean time to failure of the two machines were found to be very close. The reliability of the machines was found to be increasing as their values of scale parameter, θ increases with machine GDA having the highest reliability.


The presence or the absence of the chemical reciprocal interaction of the II-VI, III-VI and IV-VI semiconductor compounds with metals can be estimated with sufficiently reliability according to the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic Gibbs potential. The character of the initial component interaction in the binary systems, which limit each concrete tenary system, must be taken into consideration.


INTRODUCTION: Pain after nerve damage is caused by the pathological changes of the nervous system,but the mechanisms are poorly understood. The past reports said that P2X4 receptors expression increased in the ipsilateral spinal cord after spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model, and P2X4 receptors were induced in the hyperactive microglia but not in the neurons or astrocytes.P2X4 receptors at the microglia induce pain at the central nervous system. We used sciatic nerve compression rat models and tried to reveal the expression of P2X4 receptors at the peripheral nerve.


Stomach is the sea of the twelve channels.The gastric Qi has very substantial role in disease development.WU You-xing has put attention on protection on gastric Qi both in the process of treating disease and the regulation after disease.Through the study of original article,we can systematically understand the thought of protecting gastric Qi in treatise on pestilence.


In this paper, we study the univalence conditions for a new integral operator defined by Al-Oboudi differential operator. Many known univalence conditions are written to prove our main results. Keywords: Analytic functions, general Schwarz Lemma, differential operator. 2000 MSC: 30C45, 30C75.


The essence of aesthetic education is the channel of communicating knowledge with morals ethics. Aesthetic consciousness have contained the content of scientific consciousness but doesn't equate to it, have contained ethics consciousness but isn't ethics consciousness, it is the unification oh humane spirit and scientific spirit and the harmonious freedom of joining human purpose with regularity. Aesthetic education upgrades the external purpose of intellectual and ethics education to developing the various abilities of people for purpose and improving the construction of people's consciousness system. It plays an important role in the cultural and ideological progress of today


I nterest in defining the indications for aortofemoral arterial reconstruction derived initially from the problems attending the management of a group of elderly and surgically poor-risk patients seen on the Vascular Surgical Services of a large city hospital, Kings County Hospital. This particular group of patients was noted on physical and radiographic examinations to have far-advanced lesions of atherosclerosis-lesions considerably further advanced than are recommended for arterial reconstruction in surgical journals and textbooks. The patients in this group fall into the multiple-regional or generalized form of atherosclerotic obstructive disease.3 The majority of these patients presented with disease in both the iliac and femoral systems; many are diabetic with evidence of tibial and/or arteriolar obstructions. Since 1959 we have taken an aggressive approach to arterial reconstruction in these patients, an approach which can most accurately be described as salvage surgery from


This thesis contains the basis for an exhibition about biomedical engineering due to be displayed at Vattenhallen in the summer of 2013. The aim of the exhibition is to inspire and interest the children and adults that come and visits Vattenhallen. Hopefully at least one child will feel interested at study at LTH in the future. The basis contains 13 experimental stations and a short description of a potential laboration. Apart from these 13 stations three experiments have been constructed as well. An EMG-controlled prosthetic hand, an ultrasound phantom in the form of a 13 week old fetus and a software program for an experiment about MR/CT imaging.

The experimental stations are:
At the hospital
Tissues
MR
Ultrasound
The way through the stomach and bowel system
Key hole surgery
Your fantastic body
The EMG controlled hand
ECG
Tinnitus
Dialysis
Microfluids
The laboration:
Servoventilator


Following its premiere at the Whitney Biennial in Spring 2014 (for which, with very limited seating, tickets were effectively unavailable), Robert Ashley's last opera, Crash (2014), had a run at Roulette in Brooklyn this April. The composer passed away just before its premiere, leaving us with an elegant final word in a daunting body of work but also with the challenge of situating this opera within Ashley's artistic legacy.


Objective To establish chronic aristolochic acid(AA) nephropathy in rats.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into control and model group.The model group rats were given daily with AA 5 mg/kg intragastically,the control group rats were given equal amount of normal saline.The 24h urine and blood samples were collected for detection of indexes of renal function,and at the end of the 8th week,take their nephridial tissue to test the change of pathology.Result Along with feeding tim es,the level of the urine β2-MG and NAG enzyme excrtion increased markedly and the damage of tubular interstitium after giving AA in tset groups.Conclusion The model of chronic AAN in rat had been finished basically.


David Thomas has spent his scholarly career analysing ancient texts bearing on the seminal unfolding of Christian-Muslim mutual understanding (or sometimes the lack of it). It would be odd were he never to have felt tempted to question the value of such an endeavour, faced, as he will have been, by the imperative to project 'impact' in the real world. If, as Donald Allchin avers, we 'live at a moment when our ways of thinking, acting and feeling are changing so rapidly that there is a tendency to believe that only what is turned towards the future can be of real importance'1 then why bother with the past encounter of two religious communities, especially when it has been so much less happy than that which we hope awaits future generations? Why devote hours to poring over forgotten manuscripts instead of engaging in dialogue in the present? The answer is, however, that, if you believe that the past is somehow given in the here and now, and, furthermore, that the future can only grow out of the resources currently available, then the meticulous investigation of the Christian-Muslim past, far from being an eccentric displacement activity, is an absolute pre-condition for the promotion of healthy relations between the two religions. In this paper, I turn to the work of a celebrated scholar who has given his life to excavating the multi-layered sediment of the past all around us, the Canadian political philosopher, Charles Taylor, so as to better navigate the treacherous waters of an uncertain future. His A Secular Age (2007) has, in the seven years since its publication, attracted the attention of many Christian intellectuals anxious to contest some of the more banal explanations of how religion works in the modern world.2 He does not, of course, directly touch


Since its inception, ChIP technology has evolved immensely. Technological advances have improved its specificity and sensitivity, its scale has expanded to a genome‐wide level, and its relative ease of use has made it a virtually ubiquitous tool. This year marks the 25th anniversary of the development of ChIP. In honor of this milestone, we briefly revisit its history, offer a review of recent articles employing ChIP on a genome‐wide scale, and lay out our views for the future of ChIP. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 6–10, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Lung cancer has become the number one killer among cancers worldwide. It is one of the commonest malignant neoplasms all over the world. The causes of high incidence rates of Lung cancers may be both internal (genetic, mutations, hormonal, poor immune conditions) and external or environmental factors (food habits, industrialization, over growth of population, social etc.). In the present scenario almost 80% of population is having lung cancer due to smoking and 15% of non-smokers are affected from this disease are often attributed to a combination of genetic factors, radon gas, asbestos, pesticides and air pollution including passive and static smoking. Farmers mostly end up with lung cancer as they rely heavily on the use of chemical pesticides to get rid of their pest problems. Because lung cancer is usually diagnosed at later stages, early detection as a result of screening may offer the best opportunity to decrease lung cancer mortality. In view of the facts, the present article describes the environmental and occupational risk factors associated with Lung cancer.


Beginning with a review of current practices both locally and internationally, researchers will then liaise closely with clinicians working with people with disabilities in the Western Region of NSW. The project has been named the 'Wobbly Hub and Spokes Model' because services are currently delivered by clinicians based in regional centres, such as Dubbo and Orange, who regularly travel to smaller communities scattered throughout the region to see their clients, who often number well in excess of 500.


John Appleby (doi:10.1136/bmj.c4350) argues that the alternative to ring fencing is too painful, but David Hunter believes the focus should be on wider factors contributing to ill health


In their Minerva article about a malignant pilar tumour Khan and Dharma state that "histological analysis of every scalp sample is recommended."1

I cannot find any published data on the exact incidence of these rare malignant tumours: …


In a cross-sectional survey of 3 separate communities, we studied the white residents 7 yr of age and older in order to determine the relation between cigarette smoking and lung function. We identified 2,817 nonsmokers, 664 ex-smokers, and 1,209 smokers who were further classified as light smokers (1 to 20 cigarettes per day) and heavy smokers (> 20 cigarettes per day). Residual lung function (observed-predicted) was examined in these groups for forced expiratory volume in one second (rFEV1) and for maximal expiratory flow rates at 50% and 25% of the vital capacity (rmax50% and rmax25%). Mean residuals by sex, age, and smoking category were compared and revealed an increasing progression of lung function loss with advancing age in males and females in all smoking categories. These age-related trends were due primarily to the amount smoked by persons in each group. The age of onset of these abnormalities was found to be as early as the age group 15 to 24 yr. Abnormalities were greater in smokers than ex-sm...


Optical Disk Memories are assessed in space radiation environments. Total dose and dose rate testing of media including Write Only Read Many (WORM) and Magneto-Optic Erasable technologies is performed and found to be hard to over 1 Mrad(Si). Optics, Optoelectrics and other critical technologies are addressed and hardening considerations presented for total dose, displacement and heavy particle radiation effects.


Although numerous solutions have been proposed to the sensor area localization problem, most of them are aimed at two-dimensional (2D) planes rather than the three-dimensional (3D) scenarios in real world applications. This study presents a novel approach to indoor localization of a mobile object that is equipped with sensors and cameras by utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM) and 3D stereo image measurements. Based on some experiments conducted, the proposed scheme has shown its potential to be useful in real world applications.


The under-ground piping-net information system used currently is short of describing the piping in three dimensions.Aiming at this point,the 3D under-ground piping-net information system is achieved with the help of virtual reality technology and VRML language in this paper.With the system,users can browse the 3D under-ground piping-net virtual model and search interrelated datum,which raises the efficiency and standard of citiy digitizing management.


A hallmark of the optimal development of hydrocarbon fields is sustenance of production plateau over the life of the wells. This becomes challenging as wells approach terminal production stages due to high water production, reservoir pressure decline, high gas or condensate production, etc. These issues are relatively easier to resolve for oil wells with typical WRFM activities such as water shut offs and reperforations. WRFM activities for gas wells at late life production are more challenging and typically involves resolution of liquid loading issues and reservoir pressure decline.
 Gas reservoirs typically experience significant reservoir pressure decline over time (up to 75% observed in the study field) in the absence of an energy recharge system. Water-drive gas reservoirs benefit from sustained reservoir pressure, but they are more susceptible to early water breakthrough which negatively impacts overall recovery. In most cases, the combination of liquid loading and reservoir pressure decline negatively impact the wells, leading to a more complex production challenge requiring detailed assessments and solutions. The liquid loading effects in gas wells reduces the overall recoverable volumes due to early liquid breakthrough which leaves some bypassed gas behind. In many cases, the liquid loaded wells become more difficult to lift as the wellhead pressures drop below the facility inlet pressures, rendering the impacted wells unable to flow.
 Komu field has been in production for over 20 years, with >3.5Tscf of gas already recovered from a gas-cap blow down project, including 7 years of compression. Gas production decline and liquid loading necessitated a full well Deliquification study to assess the performance improvement options for these late-life gas wells. This includes velocity strings, foam lifts, gas lift, pumping, water shut-off, intermittent production & compression, with the ultimate aim of achieving reduced tubing head pressure and/or critical rate and increasing well capacity. The assessment and selection of optimal solutions were based on reservoir & well parameters and ease of execution. Subsurface modeling indicated second stage compression, via a lower inlet-pressure nodal compressor or wellhead compressors, presented the best option for additional gas recovery, though at potentially prohibitive costs. Further inventory review presented the opportunity to revamp two existing Associated Gas (AG) compressors in Komu field and convert them to NAG compressors, significantly reducing the cost implications of the option. This paper details the integrated evaluation carried out to select the optimal solutions in the development of an AG-to-NAG solution in Komu field and prescribes the opportunity realization strategy for maximum value addition to the asset.


Subsequent to the investigation of failed pitch change rod of a helicopter (NAL report No. MT-FA-989-05-2006), two more pitch change rods of the same batch were forwarded to the laboratory to check whether or not there was corrosion on the internal surface. Examination revealed onset of corrosion in both the rods. Pitting was identified as the predominant mechanism of corrosion.


Nowadays,with the guideline of heath first and life-long physical exercise,the reform on physical education of vocational school is very important.However,there have a lot of problems in school physical education teaching in northwest regions of Sichuan through investigation,Physical Education Teaching can not suit for the demand of training of exercise ability of professional technician.The ideas of school physical education teaching reforms are put forward in order to arouse social attention and promote the development of school physical education in a healthy way.


In this paper, an X-ray communication program, which consists of a sender of grid controlled X-ray source and a receiver of X-ray single-photon detector based on micro-channel plate, is presented. With the detailed information about the signal modulation transmitter, the micro-channel-based X-ray single-photon detector as well as the signal receiving demodulator, a space audio communication system based on X-ray is built. The communication rate of more than 20 kbit/s is realized. According to the preliminary test result analyses of the X-ray space audio communication system test, the X-ray emission success rate restricts the communication speed by the influence of different X-ray intensities, signal shaping time and threshold settings respectively. Therefore, a scheme for further increasing X-ray communication performance is suggested.


The tools of neural networks, fuzzy logic, and the like are providing the first crude computational tools to deal with the nonlinear and complex nature of the world. A recent paper on neural nets talked about separating points in its dimensional space. The idea was incomprehensible to us only a few years ago and now such accomplishments are taken for granted. Chaos theory, antichaos, complexity and so on are fields that must deal with complexity to thrive. They promise to show us even better ways to understand and deal with our complex universe. It is proposed that these computational tools are at least the first crude attempts to allow us to better master our understanding of complexity.<<ETX>>


The objective of this article is to study the diversity between and within groups of accesses of the Euterpe spp. germoplasm collection of the Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina - Itajai Experimental Station and to identify dissimilar groups that could guide targeted crossesin order to obtain desirable genotypic combinations. Therefore, 18 microsatellite markers, previously developed for Euterpe edulis Mart., were tested. Six of them - EE03, EE45, EE47, EE52, EE54 and EE59 - were efficient and  used to obtain the desired estimates. The average polymorphic information content varied from 0.305 to 0.835. Trought the variation analysis, variation values of 13% were obtained between the groups, 40 and 47% within and between the accessions. The Bayesian Method indicated the formation of four groups and from the dendogram with the Ward method, 50% of the dissimilarity value was possible to illustrate them, besides indicating the accesses with low dissimilarity (≤ 10%). The diversity found allows the orientation of directed crosses, both for intra and interspecific hybrids formation and for backcrossing.


The paper is dedicated to the youth slang of the German language and the ways of formation of the youth slang, that are represented in Ehmann's dictionary. The treatment of the material is done according to the given base in order to reveal more frequent and productive ways of formation.


Shale reservoir has been focused among unconventional resources since the first extraction of free and adsorbed gas from the low-permeable Barnett Shale via horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. In the beginning of production, free gas was rapidly recovered through an artificial fracture system, and then, desorbed gas followed at the final stage due to a decrease of reservoir pressure. This desorbed gas volume commonly occupies 10 to 40% of total gas production in shale gas play although it shows wide variety in cumulative gas volume and production time. The largest gas production in Canada is recovered from either tight sandstone or shale reservoirs. The Montney play in Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) has produced up to 80% of Canadian natural gas production. The desorbed gas production from this play has been reported up to 10% of total produced gas. The distribution and productivity of the desorbed gas have not been fully studied. Therefore, we focus to understand the distribution of the desorbed gas volume of eastern, middle, and northwestern areas in the Montney play. The desorbed gas volume within these areas was estimated from the relationship among canister, illite, and shale volumes in core samples and well logs. The average shale volume fraction in eastern area is 0.38

 v
 /
 v

 , the average illite mineral volume fraction is 0.25

 v
 /
 v

 , and the average desorbed gas volume refers to 8.52 scf/ton. In middle area, calculated volume represents 0.34

 v
 /
 v

 , 0.216

 v
 /
 v

 , and 8.15 scf/ton as listed above. The northwestern area also shows 0.65

 v
 /
 v

 , 0.4

 v
 /
 v

 , and 9.78 scf/ton, respectively. 3D models of each area indicated relatively rich and lack parts of desorbed gas volume. These estimated desorbed gas volume and gas production history were compared in order to understand when and how the desorbed gas would affect to gas production. It shows strong positive relationship, gradually increasing correlation to the later stage (from 24-44 months to 36-44 months) of gas production in the entire areas. This result implies that the estimation of later stage gas productivity is able from the estimated volume of desorbed gas, and also, the total gas production can be forecast in shale gas reservoir. Northwestern area in Montney play preserves relatively abundant desorbed gas volume, which will be dominant after 24 months of production.


Tabes dorsalis, unfortunately often spoken of as locomotor ataxia, has received in comparatively recent times a vast amount of attention at the hands of the medical profession. Owing to the frequency with which it occurs, tabes takes the first place among spinal cord diseases. With the advent of laboratory methods, more or less specific as indexes of syphilitic conditions, interest was renewed in the study of this disease entity, and I feel that it may be safely stated that it is now held that syphilis plays the all important role as the true etiologic factor in the production of this disorder. Although Esmarch and Jessen as early as 1857 discussed the relationship between syphilis and paresis (and we have every reason to believe today that the cerebral manifestations of paresis and the cord manifestations of tabes are one and the same as far as etiology is concerned), it was not


The thesis is based on creating a marketing strategy of the General University Hospital in Prague. Theory of marketing such as marketing and communication mix is described in theoretical part of the work. There is also defined healthcare marketing, which is quite specific, and the next chapter is based on marketing planning and strategy. Practical part includes internal analysis of the hospital, evaluation of the status of marketing and analyses of microenvironment and microenvironment. At the end of the work there is presented a marketing strategy, which consists of two parts, namely suggestion of marketing manage-ment and the project. Both parts of the suggested strategy are subjected to the time analysis, cost analysis and risk analysis.


A method combining the nudged elastic band method with finite element micromagnetics is used to calculate minimum energy paths, global minima, metastable states and, most importantly, saddle points between energy minima. We study configurational anisotropy effects in thin permalloy elements, e.g., 5 nm thick squares. For squares with the size of 15–200 nm the ground states are so-called "leaf" states with the average magnetization along one of the diagonals. However a second state ("buckle") becomes stable with the average magnetization along one edge at sizes larger than ∼80 nm. The superposition of the four easy axes leads to a combination of four and eightfold anisotropy. At ∼200 nm size both states have about the same energy so that the overall picture becomes that of an effective eightfold anisotropy.


A 10 μm free working distance recording head for blue, cover-layer incident MO recording has been developed with NA=0.95 and integrated high bandwidth MFM coil. ZF-MAMMOS recording experiments are described.


The article analyzes the inclusion of temporary labor migrants of Muslim activities of religious organizations Samara region to adapt to the cultural environment indistinguishable. Hypothesis of the study – migrants participating in the activities of religious organizations, it is easier to adapt to the cultural environment indistinguishable. The author presents statistical data on migration in the Samara region. Compared the activity of religious organizations on the basis of interviews with their representatives (managers, teachers, employees) and the ratio of migrants to the activity. Conducted comparing views of the participants of the adaptation process. The examples of the activity of religious organizations of the Samara region. Excerpts from referrals and interventions by the Samara region, associated with the attitude of the local authorities to Muslim religious organizations. This article was prepared on the basis of field data.


Energy distributions and yields of ternary particles (TP's) emitted in the thermal neutron induced fission of 229Th, 233U and 239Pu have been determined. Special emphasis was put on the study of heavy ternary particles. The measurements were performed at the high flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL). For identification of particles the mass separator Lohengrin and a ΔE-E ionisation chamber were used. In the case of 233U(nth,f) it was possible to detect 25 different TP's, with 19 of them having never been detected before in this reaction. For 229Th(nth,f) all 17 TP's that were observed were new. From the reaction 239Pu(nth,f) 21 out of 34 detected TP's were new. The energy distributions and yields of the TP's are given. The yields of TP's as a function of mass number depend on the mass of the decaying compound nucleus. Heavy TP's are increasingly favored in the decay of heavy mother nuclei.


The invention discloses liquid essence with the outstanding aroma amount and aroma quality. A mixture of various tobaccos is subjected to alcohol extraction and water precipitation, concentrated to be at certain alcoholic strength and then loaded onto a macroporous resin column, the macroporous resin column is eluted with 20% ethyl alcohol, 35-45% ethyl alcohol and 100% ethyl alcohol with volumes three times that of the macroporous resin column sequentially, a 100% ethyl alcohol eluent is collected and concentrated to be at the certain relative density and the certain refractive index, and the liquid essence with the outstanding aroma amount and aroma quality is obtained. The liquid essence is outstanding in aroma amount and aroma quality, can be used as necessary essence for stabilizing the style characteristic of cigarettes and can reduce quality fluctuations caused by the quality of the tobaccos to cigarette products.


1. The heat production and mechanical responses of frogs' sartorii have been recorded at 0° C after immersion in normal Ringer solution, and also after poisoning with 1‐fluoro‐2, 4‐dinitrobenzene (FDNB) and nitrogen. The muscles were later analysed chemically for changes in ATP, phosphocreatine (PC), inorganic phosphate (Pi), lactate, total adenine nucleotide and total inosine nucleotide.


The study of non-isothermal filtration processes under the conditions of application of thermal effects (hot water injection) in double-permeability reservoirs saturated with high-viscosity oil showed: 1. Thermal impact has a positive technological effect (if we are talking about the final values of oil recovery factor (ORF)), the manifestation of which is delayed in time from the start of the use of hot water flooding (HWF) (from one to ten years) and is accompanied by the selection of a huge amount of produced water (from two to four void spaces). 2. The use of thermal effects in double permeability reservoirs has a number of features. The increase in the final oil recovery factor while HWF relative to the base case occurs mainly due to an increase in the development period with a lower water cut growth rate. However, the water cut value for a long time is close to the limit (98 %). Thus, the HWF effect is mainly manifested when the water content of the products is high. 3. For isothermal filtration variants the dependence of the final ORF on the fracture permeability (with pore blocks constant permeability) has the character of a decreasing curve. Thermal effect reverses this trend, i.e. the final ORF increases with growing permeability of the fracture system and, therefore, with increasing inhomogeneity of the reservoir permeability field. 4. A study of starting watering effect on the final ORF at different values of the of the fracture system permeability showed the existence of two areas of fracture permeability with different trends in the dependence of ORF on the initial water content. While the fracture permeability below 40 μm2, an increase of the initial water-cut value results in a decrease in the final ORF. In the range of fracture permeability values more than 40 μm2, an increase in the initial water-cut increases the final oil recovery factor, while the dependence is not monotonous; starting with water-cut value of 90 %, a decrease in recovery efficiency is observed.


Objective:To investigate the change of upper jew extraction for class Ⅱ division 1 on Bolton ratio.Method:23 detal casts of patients with classⅡdivision 1 with upper jew extraction, the Bolton ratio were measured before treatment and after treatment.Result:The Anterior ratio of pretreatment and posttreatment were 76.73%±2.02%, the Over-all ratio was 88.32%±1.76% before treatment, the Over-all ratio was 88.39%±1.85% after treatment, the changes of the Anterior ratio and the Over-all ratio were unobvious.Conclusion:The Over-all ratio of the treatment with upper jew extraction approach the normal ratio 88%, the extraction model is suitable model for Angle class Ⅱdivision 1 malocclusion.


A comprehensive model has yet to emerge, but it seems likely that numerous mechanisms contribute to the specificity of olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) axon innervation of the olfactory bulb. Elsewhere in the nervous system the Wnt/Fz family has been implicated in patterning of anterior‐posterior axes, cell type specification, cell proliferation, and axon guidance. Because of our work describing cadherin‐catenin family member expression in the primary olfactory pathway, and because mechanisms of Wnt‐Fz interactions can depend in part on catenins, we were encouraged to explore Wnt‐Fz expression and function in OSN axon extension. Here, we show that OSNs express Fz‐1, Fz‐3, and Wnt‐5a, whereas olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) express Wnt‐4. Fz‐7 is also expressed in the olfactory nerve by cells that delineate large axon fascicles, but are negative for OEC markers. Fz‐1 showed a developmental downregulation. However, in adults it is expressed at different levels across the olfactory epithelium and in restricted glomeruli across the olfactory bulb, suggesting an important role in the formation and maintenance of OSN connections to the olfactory bulb. Reporter TOPGAL mice demonstrated that some OECs located in the inner olfactory nerve layer can respond to Wnt ligands. Of further interest, we show here with in vitro assays that Wnt‐5a increases OSN axon outgrowth and alters growth cone morphology. Our data point to a key role for Wnt/Fz molecules in the development of the mouse olfactory system, providing complementary mechanisms required for OSN axon extension and coalescence. J. Comp. Neurol. 511:301–317, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


OBJECTIVE
To study the effect of LY294002 on the adriamycin- induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast carcinoma cells.

METHODS
Human breast carcinoma cells MCF-7 was cultured in vitro and then exposed to adriamycin with or without LY294002. The protein expression levels of Akt, phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), Snail, and E-cadherin was detected by Western blot analysis. The mRNA expressions of Snail and E-cadherin were determined by RT-PCR.

RESULTS
Adriamycin significantly increased the protein expression of Snail and depressed the protein expression of E-cadherin (P<0.05). The pre-treatment with LY294002 significantly reversed the changes of activities and levels of the above proteins (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION
LY294002 could reverse the adriamycin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast carcinoma cells by regulating the expressions of Snail and E-cadherin through suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.


A radial basis function (RRF) network -based predictive control strategy is proposed for ship control. The RBF network is on-line trained to identify the time-varying system dynamics using a novel sequential learning algorithm referred in as dynamic orthogonal structure adaptation (DOSA) algorithm. The combination of neural network identification and predictive control mechanism minimizes the effects of ships time-varying dynamics and long-time delay, enables accurate and smooth control of ship under various disturbances and. random noises. Simulation results of ship track-keeping control demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the control strategy. The quick and adaptive learning algorithm gives RBF network more representing abilities to model nonlinear systems with unstable or unknown dynamics.


The article describes the positive effect of modern education technique in teaching and main factors in professional developments,which stresses the key elements that should be considered in professional developments and bringing up development the profession lay basis on the application of modern education technique.


Objective To explore the effects of early combined therapy for nasosinusitis complicated with nasal adhesion in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.Methods Thirty-eight patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,who suffered from sinusitis complicated with nasal adhesion after radiotherapy and were treated by conservative therapy with unsatisfactory curative effect,were treated by endoscopic sinus micro-wound surgical intervention in 2~4 months after radiotherapy,and the curative effects and the factors influencing the curative effects were observed.Results Twenty-three cases(60.5%)were completely cured,15 cases(39.5%)were improved and no case(0%)showed ineffective.The total effective rate was 100%.Conclusion For some of the nasosinusitis complicated with nasal adhesion in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy,it will attain satisfactory curative effect take micro-wound surgical intervention early,strictly control the wound area in the surgery and adopt appropriate postoperative combined therapy.


This paper thinks that historical law exists in the form of statistical law and it can be realized only as a tendency in the swinging of accidental factors. The statistics of historical law does not exclude the strict description of historical phenomena. The historical phenomena can't be expounded scientifically until they are combined.


Petrophysical measurements on drill cuttings have an economic appeal especially in unconventional formation evaluation. Drill cuttings are readily available, a byproduct of drilling, and can potentially provide a variety of reservoir quality parameters, such as total organic carbon, porosity, mineralogy, thermal maturity, pore structure and habit, mechanical elastic properties, etc. While log and core data are only available for a limited number of wells, drill cuttings are available for all wells. Therefore, the determination of porosity using drill cuttings can provide a more spatially detailed representation of a formation, which is critical because shale plays can be both vertically and laterally heterogeneous. Porosity is a primary variable controlling hydrocarbon storage of within a formation. There are multiple laboratory methods to directly measure porosity in cores — Low Pressure Pycnometer (LPP), High Pressure Pycnometer (HPP), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Mercury Injection (MICP), etc. A challenge arises when porosity is obtained from drill cuttings due to the inability to directly measure bulk volume of a sample. This study presents the application of a new methodology to measure the porosity from drilling cuttings. Conventional approaches to calculate porosity require measuring two of three variables namely pore, grain or bulk volume. Our approach uses measures of high-pressure pycnometer grain density on dry drilling cuttings; volume of oil occupying pore space is quantified by NMR measurements. Initial results on 3 tight sands and 27 shale samples show the new approach is promising for the estimation of porosity. 90% of the cutting porosities made on tight sands and shales are within 1.5% p.u. of the core porosities. This error is believed to be due to sample loss during the saturation process or excess oil on the surface of the cuttings. SCA2017-075 Page 2 of 9


Objective:To compare the stiffnesses and the failure strengths of single sacral screw fixation to that of two divergent triangulated sacral screw fixation under different loading conditions.Method:Ten fresh human sacrum specimens were used in this study.Six specimens were from donors under 30 years old (younger group),the other four were from donors over 60 years old(aging group).The specimens were randomly assigned to either one side with one S1 pedicle screw inserted anteromedially,or both sides with two screws one directed anteromedially and the other anterolaterally.All specimens were tested with an Instron material testing machine.The average stiffnesses under compression,tension and torsion were calculated respectively from the average slopes of the load deformation curves.The failure load was applied as a final testing.Result:The results showed significant differences in stiffnesses between one screw and two divergent triangulated screw fixations.With one S1 pedicle screw fixation,the average stiffness was 203N/mm for compression,147N/mm for tension,and 2Nm/deg.for torsion.With two screw fixation,the average stiffnesses increased to 255N/mm(126%),185N/mm(126%) and 2 4Nm/deg.(120%) respectively.The average failure strength under tension load was found to be 1450N in the younger specimens and was reduced to 980N in the aging specimens.Conclusion:This study showed that two divergent triangulated screw fixation to the sacrum was significantly stronger than one screw fixation for lumbosacral fusion.The strength of fixation seems to have a negative relation with aging. Author′s address\ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,University of Hong Kong


As production of milk by dairy cow increases, research has focused on increasing the supply of amino acids to high producing dairy cows. Methionine and Lysine often are implicated as limiting amino acids for milk production. Choline is also an essential component of phospholipids which is important for proper membrane function and in the structure of lipoproteins, improves milk fat, overall production and reduces the risk of ketosis and reproductive disorders. Unfortunately, if unprotected crystalline amino acids are fed to cows, ruminal bacteria degrade it resulting in little increase in passage of these respective amino acids to small intestine. However, there is difference of opinion among researchers regarding the effect of protected methionine, lysine and choline on dry matter intake, digestibility, milk yield, its composition and blood profile of lactating dairy cows. Therefore present review discusses the effect of these protected amino acid supplementations on dry matter intake, digestibility, milk yield, milk composition and blood profile of lactating cows.


Pseudo-cyclic shift of a reference signal is quantized as a combination of the random hopping result and the cell specific cyclic shift, the cell specific cyclic shift indicator is broadcast in the cell. In one embodiment, the cell specific cyclic shift, the pseudo-result of the random hopping, and a user as a modulo operation on a sum of a particular cyclic shift is quantized cyclic shift, in which case the user and the uplink resource allocation shown in the specific cyclic shift in transmission, and the user transmits the reference signals shifted in their cyclically in the uplink resource assigned by the uplink resource allocation. In addition, the cyclic shift is quantized according to length of the reference signal (the length of cyclic_shift_value * RS) cyclic_shift_symbol = / as 12, it is between 0 and 11 and where cyclic_shift_value cyclic_shift_symbol is the amount of cyclic shift given in reference signal symbols.


The CALCA gene is expressed only in neuroendocrine tissues in a normal condition but it is ubiquitously induced in a septic condition. So far, the molecular mechanism underlying the tissue‐wide induction of the CALCA gene is unknown. Here, I identified DNA regulatory elements that might mediate the abnormal induction of the CALCA gene using adipocytes as a model system. Using a web‐based "evolutionary conserved region (ECR)" browser, I found two ECRs (ECR2 and ECR3) at the 3' end of the CALCA gene. Both ECRs were conserved among mammals, marsupial and bird. ECR2 showed a moderate enhancer activity at a basal condition in CALCA expressing cell line, CA77. ECRs were then, delivered to adipocytes through virus. Treatment of pro‐inflammatory agents increased activity of these virally delivered ECRs in adipocytes, but not in CA77 and Rat2 cells. This supports that ECRs might be involved in the inflammation‐caused CALCA gene induction. Furthermore, I found that ECR2 and ECR3 were bound by acetylated histone H3 independently of pro‐inflammatory stimuli. In silico analysis of the ECR2 sequence provided a putative binding site of hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)‐1. This study is the first attempt to identify the regulatory DNA element involved in the abnormal CALCA gene induction during sepsis. This study has been supported from NIH Grant DE016511.


A field emission from metal surface is known to play a dominant role of a breakdown in vacuum. We observed the field emission electrons and its emission sites on the cathode surface by using a micro channel plate (MCP) with a luminescent screen under the high vacuum condition. A CCD camera observed location of emission sites and its change with time. By using a computer analysis, the change of emission sites with time at each 16 m second could be observed. As a result, it was found that appearance and disappearance of emission sites was repeated in a short time less than 0.1 s, however, the number of emission sites counted in an observation was kept constant. It was seemed that the fluctuation of emission current was related to the disappearance of emission sites. This observation of field emission revealed that almost emission sites could sustain an electron emission for no longer than 0.1 sec. It was estimated that the chemical or geometrical changes were occurred at emission site by electron emission.


Many microRNAs reside in clusters in the genome, are generally similar in sequence, are transcribed in the same direction, and usually function synergistically. The miR-183/96/182 cluster is composed of 3 miRNA genes, and increased expression of miR-183, 96 and 182 are implicated in glioma carcinogenesis. Knockdown of individual components or of the entire miR-183/96/182 cluster inhibits the survival of glioma cells by regulating the ROS-induced apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, inhibition of the miR-183/96/182 cluster induced ROS-mediated AKT/survival independent of three target genes FGF9, CPEB1, and FOXO1, and inhibition of the miRNA cluster induced p53/apoptosis signaling, which was dependent on these same genes. In addition, knockdown of the miR-183/96/182 cluster enhanced the anticancer effect of Temozolomide on glioma cells by the ROS-mediated apoptosis pathway. Therefore, the miR-183/96/182 cluster may be a pleiotropic target for glioma therapy.


The human being in his everyday life short and stressful little explores his potential and his experiences of bodily life. Will impoverish the sensitivity which in awakening greater sense and meaning in things. This study animed to investigate the impact of the process of increasing awareness of the body through holistic bodily practices (PCH). This is a case study in which the person participant faced their physical and emotional conflicts and began to experience a body work whose focus was the perception of herself. The theme has revealed the sensitivity and new memories that brought bodily presence and opportunity for (re) know your own body. The reflections on the lived experiences contributed to enriching the process of self-knowledge.


The government of Pulutan Village constitutes one part of the Government of Minahasa Regency Government, or more precisely the government of Remboken District. Pulutan village in the organization and administration of the provincial Government of North Sulawesi is classified as Self-Sufficient Village, divided into 3 (three) Villages or Jaga (Environment) with a total population of 1015 consisting of 315 head of family. This village is one of the central villages, especially for ceramic or pottery undustry, therefore, most of its people work as farmers and pottery craftsman.
 The results show that the production costs for ceramic production (pottery) is very high (lage/medium size), thereby, the price is high and not competitive. On the other hand, similar products produced from other raw materials become current trends, such as those made from plastic, as well as sand and mocent materials.
 Future development of this industry makes the role of government and isntitutions outside the gevernment to build and develop, as well as empower small industries in rural-based popullist economics particullary important, both in terms of partnerships, financing, management and human resources.


From the landfill site which was closed for 15 years,10mm sieved humus soil was extracted as test material, to build the wild plant simulation leaching system. The regularity of pollutant release and the migration of heavy metals were studied in the system, in order to explore the feasibility of using humus soil for urban greening. The test results showed that the pH value of the leaching solution is between 6.8 and 7.7; the COD value is basically stable between 40 mg / L and 75 mg / L; the concentration of NH3-N is less than 1 mg / L; Between 200mg / L, it mainly exists in the form of nitrate nitrogen. Total and Morphology Analysis of four heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni) showed that all the metals were able to achieve the soil environmental quality risk of soil pollution control standard for GB36600-2018 in the nature of the land of green space and square, and the proportion of exchangeable and carbonate binding states in the four heavy metal were small, meanwhile the dissolution and mobility were small. In conclusion, humus soil has the feasibility to use for urban greening.


Purpose: Dislocation is one of the most common complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA), with rates reported between 1% and 3%, but as high as 6% using a posterior approach with metal on polyethylene bearing surfaces. The purpose of this study was to assess the dislocation rates in ceramic-on-ceramic THAs. Method: Primary ceramic-on-ceramic (Stryker Orthopaedics) THAs performed at 9 institutions from October 1996 through July 2005 were included in the study (1635 hips in 1485 patients). Sixty-one percent were male. The average age was 52 years (range 15–83). Osteoarthritis was the leading reason for surgical intervention (86%). A posterior approach and 32 mm or 36 mm femoral head was used in the majority of patients (90%). Patients returned for routine clinical examination or were contacted by telephone to assess for dislocations at a minimum of one year (average three years) after surgery. Results: Of the 1635 ceramic-on-ceramic THAs performed, there were 18 dislocations (1.1%). Of these, 15 were 32 mm femoral heads; 3 were 28 mm; none were 36 mm. The majority of dislocations occurred within 3 months after surgery (72%). Closed reduction was successful in 17 hips with one requiring a revision. Conclusion: A low rate of dislocations in ceramic-on-ceramic THAs occurred in this study (1.1%). Compared with reported metal-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces, the ceramic-on-ceramic articulation design appears to have fewer dislocations. Other factors associated with this low dislocation rate may be decreased femoral neck diameters and/or larger average femoral head size in patients receiving the ceramic-on-ceramic design. These results will need to be compared with contemporary THA using different articular surfaces.


We investigated
whether long-term glimepiride (GP) monotherapy improves insulin resistance and
exerts a beneficial effect on beta cell function, as compared with
glibenclamide (GC). One hundred Japanese Type 2 diabetic patients were randomly
assigned to the GP (n = 50) or the GC (n = 50) group. During a 5-year
monitoring period, patients received the indicated SU monotherapy, while
changes in SU doses were allowed as needed to maintain HbA1C below 7.0%. The GC
group, in parallel with fasting insulin, showed a rapid homeostatic model
assessment (HOMA)-R increase and maintained a high HOMA-R level. In contrast,
HOMA-R in the GP group decreased continuously, from 2.9 at baseline to 1.8 at
study completion. In the GC group, HOMA-b was markedly increased in the first 6 months, then gradually decreased through 18 months. While the HOMA-β elevation
in the GP group was more moderate than that in the GC group, HOMA-β levels were maintained with a slight
decrease. The cumulative macrovascular disease outcome was 1 for the GP and 7
for the GC group, showing a significant difference. These results suggest that
glimepiride monotherapy markedly improved HOMA-R with moderate insulin
stimulation, which may account for the difference in macrovascular disease development
as compared with the group receiving glibenclamide.


Instead of traditional power control system which is unreliable, a soft-switch power control system based on DSP(TMS320VC5402) is designed and realized using digital control method. Experiments show that the system can satisfy the requirements of reliability and real-time control.


The ratio of the grade 1 and grade 0 light intensity and the grating's transmittance are key parameters of laser read/write heads in VCD、DVD and optics lens. This design used Atmega16L as core MCU, and successfully implemented 650nm laser diffraction grating test instrument. With respect to the above two parameters, the measuring error was less than 2%, and the mean square error was less than 2.2×10-3. The precision and stability of the instrument are completely satisfied.


This study examines the causality relationships between FDI, economic growth (in terms of GDP) and the natural environment, in terms of CO2 emissions and energy consumption, along with two more variables of interest i.e., trade openness and technology gap in the context of India. The data used in the study is obtained from World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank Group for the period 1980 to 2014. The study employed the dynamic multivariate Toda-Yamamoto (TY) approach that uses the modified Wald (MWALD) test. The results show that FDI is neither causing economic growth nor is it bridging the technology gap directly in India. The results also indicate the existence of a Pollution Haven Hypothesis in India as the FDI is causing environmental degradation, i.e. CO2 emissions and energy consumption. Also, FDI is, though not causing GDP directly, but is doing so indirectly through CO2 emissions validating the existence of Pollution Haven Hypothesis. FDI is causing trade openness in India, but that openness is again causing more FDI which is doing no good for India.


A coated abrasive net, comprising a substrate (210), and an adhesive layer (204) and an abrasive layer (206) on one surface of the substrate (210). The substrate (210) is a knitted or machine-woven elastic fabric having a dense arrangement of warp fibers, no apparent holes, and a relatively smooth surface. The substrate can be expanded in the weft direction under a specific pulling force condition to transform from having a smooth surface to having a net structure having holes (203). The weft-direction expansion is not performed during manufacturing of the substrate, but during manufacturing of the net-backed coated abrasive product (211) instead. Also disclosed is a manufacturing method of a net-backed coated abrasive product. In the manufacturing method of the present invention, coating is performed on a substrate of woven fabric relatively compact or having no obvious net holes, and then the substrate is stretched in the weft direction to expand into a net. By using the relatively compact substrate, the present invention effectively improves coating uniformity and smoothness of the substrate, and reduces control difficulties of the coating operation, thus overcoming the difficulties of conventional manufacturing methods in which a holed substrate is directly used as a base.


Scott Flanegin Effects of Support Group Participation on Teachers 1999 Dr. Theodore Johnson Supervision and Curriculum Development The study observed, analyzed and evaluated the effects of support group participation on the psychological, emotional, and professional needs of teachers. The study used a qualitative research design to gather data on seven female high school teachers participating in a professional development group. The research instruments used included a preand postsurvey, a questionnaire, and journal entries. The survey recorded data concerning each teacher's pattern of contacts with colleagues, level of job satisfaction, resources for problem-solving used by the individual, and demographic information. Data analysis tabulated and compared survey response percentages before and after the study. The questionnaire and journal provided a narrative and anecdotal review for the survey data. The study showed that participation in a support group with a professional problem solving focus reduced job-related feelings of stress. Participants reported decreases in feelings of anxiety, frustration, loneliness, and exhaustion. On the other hand, feelings of satisfaction, support, productivity, confidence, competence, and energy increased. Participation also appeared to motivate them to overcome feelings of isolation. There was no apparent effect on teachers' preference for solving problems alone when possible.


Objective To evaluate the appling value and experience of dipyridamole on clinic ELT.Methods From April 1998 to April 2002,clinic ELT was performed in 160 patients with suspected coronary heart diseases.Results Among 160 patients,94 cases were proved positive (76 males and 18 females),12 cases showed atrial premature beat,2 cases ventricular premature beat,and 16 cases angina pectoris which were mitigated by using aminophylline in 15 cases and nitroglycerin in 1 case.No patient developed myocardial infarction,serious ventricular arrhythmia and shock.Conclusion The test of dipyidamole used in clinic ELT is a simple,safe and reliable method.


Printed Circuit Boards replaced conventional wiring in most electronic equipment after World War II, reducing the size and weight of equipment while improving reliability and uniformity. PCBs are used in all kinds of electrical and electronic products because they can be mass-produced with greater circuit density and also enable easier trouble-shooting.

Computer Aided Design (CAD) is critical in teaching PCB layout design but it is a challenge for school and college instructors with limited budgets. After discussion of current trends in PCB design and development, as well as basic PCB design criteria, an affordable PCB design using an " educational" microcomputer is presented.


Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently develops after cardiac surgery, but most studies of postoperative AF have been small or have been conducted at


CaMoO4 nanocakes with uniform size and morphology were prepared on a large scale via a room temperature reverse-microemulsion method. The products were characterized in detail by X-ray powder diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. By establishing the relations between the thermodynamic functions of nano-CaMoO4 and bulk-CaMoO4 reaction systems, the equations for calculating the surface thermodynamic functions of nano-CaMoO4 were derived. Then, combined with in-situ microcalorimetry, the molar surface enthalpy, molar surface Gibbs free energy, and molar surface entropy of the prepared CaMoO4 nanocakes at 298.15 K were successfully obtained as (19.674 ± 0.017) kJ·mol−1, (619.704 ± 0.016) J·mol−1, and (63.908 ± 0.057) J·mol−1·K−1, respectively.


In upland fluvial systems hillslope and channel processes are often closely connected. While the influence of fluvial erosion on hillslope stability received much attention in the past, the influence of hillslope processes on the fluvial system has less comprehensively been investigated. Especially landslides can have a profound impact on the fluvial system, by either altering channel morphology, diverting the channel course or, in some cases, by blocking the entire valley resulting in a landslide dammed lake. The disturbance of a river system by landslides often causes a marked knickpoint in the channel's longitudinal profile. Adjustment of the longitudinal profile depends on sediment input and erosivity of the material delivered to the channel, but also on the human impact on the system. In case of erosive landslide material a fast adjustment to disturbance is assumed.


Abstract Objective: To determine whether low birth weight and low weight at 1 year are followed by an increased prevalence of coronary heart disease in adult life. Design: A follow up study of men born during 1920–30 whose birth weights and weights at 1 year were recorded. Setting: Hertfordshire, England. Subjects: 290 men born and still living in East Hertfordshire. Main outcome measure: The prevalence of coronary heart disease, defined by the Rose/WHO chest pain questionnaire, standard electrocardiographic criteria, or history of coronary artery angioplasty or graft surgery. Results: 42 (14%) men had coronary heart disease. Their mean birth weight, 7.9 lb (3600 g), was the same as that of the other men. Their mean weight at 1 year, 21.8 lb (9.9 kg), was 1 lb (454 g) lower (95% confidence interval 0.1 to 1.8, P=0.02). Percentages of men with coronary heart disease fell from 27% in those who weighed 18 lb (8.2 kg) or less at 1 year to 9% in those who weighed more than 26 lb (11.8 kg) (P value for trend=0.03). This trend occurred in both smokers and non-smokers and within each social class. Conclusion: These findings add to the evidence that coronary heart disease is "programmed" during early growth. Key messages Key messages This is consistent with the association between low weight at 1 year and increased death rates from coronary heart disease The association between low weight at 1 year and coronary heart disease occurs in smokers and non-smokers and in each social class This adds to evidence that influences acting before 1 year of age have an important effect on the risk of developing coronary heart disease


: This study presents a detailed taxonomic review of water mites of the genus Forelia Haller, 1882 (Pionidae, Foreliinae) found in Russia. The review includes illustrations, descriptions and redescriptions of eight Forelia species found in this country: F. brevipes (Neuman, 1880) , F. diaphana (Croneberg, 1899), F. liliacea (Müller, 1776), F. markovensis sp.n., F. mutata (Piersig, 1901), F. mutatella sp.n., F. spatulifera (Marucci, 1907) and F. variegator (Koch, 1837).


Noise source identification in turbomachinery often requires estimation of the correlation between multiple rotating (aerodynamic) sources and the stationary radiated sound field. When treated as a multiple input/output problem, relative motion between input (sources) and output signals has the effect of amplitude and phase, modulating the input. The resulting nonlinearities introduced into the system affect the estimation of the coherence function. A straightforward approach will be used to examine the AM and PM effects as they pertain to the multiple input/output model for rotating sources. As pointed out in the literature on rotating diffuser models [Elko, M.S. thesis, Pennsylvania State University (1980)], source directivity plays a significant role in determining the strength of the AM spectra. This point is best illustrated by comparing the results of rotating monopoles and dipoles, and extrapolating these results to other radiation patterns. The consequences of PM are viewed through the general Dop...