A s THE DIRECTOR of a new gen eral-education program at the Roman Catholic university where I teach, I recently spent time introducing our curriculum to a variety of campus constituencies. On two occasions, members of our Board ofTrustees asked me how the new courses would contribute to students' religious development and to the university's Catholic identity. I could offer only a stumbling response. Then last summer, my college's dean offered me the opportunity to attend Col legium. Affiliated with the Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities, Col legium is a weeklong symposium in which faculty members can learn about the con nections between the Catholic intellectual tradition and their professional interests. This, I thought, might give me some insight into how our new core courses-which emphasize interdisciplinary approaches and social justice-might promote our Catholic mission. It might also give me some under standing of my own faith. I was baptized as a young Texas boy in the dunking, deep waters of the Disciples of Christ, a Protestant fellowship that seeks to unite Chrisitians of different denomina tions. I remember my white robe floating up around me as our tall pastor put his hand over my eyes and laid me back for a quick soaking. Later, as a teenager, I sat in the hard, straight-backed pews of a Methodist choir loft. My best friend was a choir mate, and it was his dad who was our pastor. But while I consider myself a Christian, I haven't been a regular churchgoer since I sang tenor in that Sunday-morning choir 35 years ago. My Christian training stalled out just about the time I graduated from high school and left home for college. I attended Southwestern University, a Methodist liberal-arts college in Texas. While I took a required number of religion courses and even studied New Testament Greek, I can't say I was challenged to re ally think about my faith. Still, the values I had inherited from my early Sunday-school days-to love my neighbor as myself-were deeply rooted. When I began to look for a faculty posi tion (my fiancee had recently relocated to the Chicago area), I wound up at one of the flock of Catholic colleges in the Windy City. The search committee had assured me that my faith would not be a factor. But I wondered about the role of faith in the com munity I would be joining. The question became more urgent as I began to take on leadership positions on the campus. At the same time, 1 found myself increas ingly dissatisfied with the weak logic of my own faith. Sure, I identified with my uni versity's mission to promote human dignity and the common good, but I couldn't make the leap between those goals and my own core beliefs. I was coming very close to de ciding I was an agnostic who had benefited from Christian values. So I brought some of my own God questions to Collegium.


In the present study several novel 2-[{(4-Substituted-1-sulphonyl)sydnon-3-yl}]-1,3,4thiadiazino(6,5-b) indoles [4a-f] synthesised from 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazino (6,5-b) indole. Structures of the synthesized substituted indoles were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, Mass and elemental analysis (C, H, N). Synthesised indole derivatives were screened for antimicrobial, insecticidal and anthelmintic activities. Compound 4a displayed significant biological spectrum.


ABSTRACT Rural to urban migration in postwar Japan contributed to malapportionment, resulting in the inflation of seats won by the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) whose traditional stronghold is rural Japan. The support of older, rural women socialized prior to the war and suffrage is considered central to the party's continued dominance, offsetting the concentrated vote of young, urban women. Conventional wisdom holds that women's voting patterns, particularly those of older, rural women, are influenced by husbands who are likely LDP supporters. This article uses survey data to test for patterns of influence and marital congruence amid rapid demographic changes that promise to undermine the strength of marriage as a traditional agent of adulthood political socialization.


OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of nosocomial infections so as to provide basis for the effective control of the nosocomial infections.METHODS By means of bedside investigation combined with the review of medical records,the patients who were hospitalized on Aug 24,2012were investigated.RESULTS Of totally1348cases of patients investigated,the nosocomial infections occurred in 21cases with the prevalence rate of1.6%;the highest prevalence rate was in the neurology department(4.3%),followed by the respiratory medicine department(3.8%),and general surgery department(3.6%).The respiratory tract,surgical incision,and wound were the predominant infection sites,accounting for 34.4%,27.6%,and 17.2%,respectively.Totally 28strains of pathogens were isolated,the Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Escherichia coli ranked the top three species of pathogens,accounting for 25.0%,17.9%,and 17.9%,respectively.The tracheotomy and blood transfusion were the high risk factors(P0.05).Totally 740cases used antibiotics on the survey day with the utilization rate of 54.9%,among which there were 550(74.3%)cases of one-drug use,187(25.3%)two-drug use,and 3(0.4%)of three-drug use;the patients with the use of antibiotics for prophylaxis accounted for 22.2%,the patients with use of antibiotics for therapeutic purpose 72.2%,the patients with the use of antibiotics for treatment and prophylaxis 5.6%;the submission rate of specimens was 45.4%.CONCLUSIONThe prevalence rate of nosocomial infections can basically reflect the actual situation,it is necessary for the hospital to strengthen the prevention and control measures as well as the targeted monitoring,improve the submission rate of specimens,and standardize the use of antibiotics in the clinical department.


Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined as carbohydrate intolerance with its onset or first recognition during present pregnancy. GDM is major health problem in many parts of the world and the prevalence rate vary considerably depending upon the population screened and the type of diagnostic method used. Early detection and achieving normoglycemia during pregnancy can prevent complications not only during pregnancy but also later in life for both mother and baby.


In Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qi, the life force, is said to have impeded or abnormal flow through the body when disease is present. Restoration of Qi flow is said to regain balance between Yin, Yang and Qi, resulting in the restoration of normal health. A number of therapies have evolved which attempt to restore the normal function of meridians, the channels in the body within which Qi flows. The best known is acupuncture which involves the insertion of needles into pressure points along blocked or affected meridians to restore Qi flow. Acupressure is believed by its advocates to achieve the same goal by applying pressure instead of needles.


ABSTRAK

ADI PURWANTO. Influence of Teachers Competency Test, and The School Operational
Assistance Against National Examination Result in Indonesia of 20012 and 2013. Cooperative
Economic Education, Economics and Administration, Faculty of Economics, University of
Jakarta, in 2015.

This study aims to determine whether the Teacher Competency Test, and support school operations have an impact on national examinations 2012-2013. The method used in the study is
shaped Time Series from 2012 and 2013, and a cross section of 33 provinces in Indonesia, with
the ex post facto. method. The data presented each year obtained from the Ministry of Education
and the Ministry of culture and finance. This study uses panel data regression model obtained
equation fixed effect results UN = -0.522937 + 1.293803LnUKG -0.030564LnBOS. Based on
the results of simultaneous analysis, competency testing of teachers and school operational
assistance significantly affect the results of national examinations in Indonesia. partial results of
the analysis, and teacher competency test positive and significant effect on the results of national
examinations, school operational assistance significantly to the negative national test results,
variation influence of two independent variables can be known by R2 value of 0.65 Thus, 65% of
the variation of national examination results are influenced by teacher competency test, and the
rest of the school operational assistance is influenced by other factors outside the research model.

Keywords: test the competence of teachers and school operational assistance`

Keyword: competency testing of teachers and school operational assistance, National Examination Result


Photoluminescence spectroscopy and electron‐beam‐induced current (EBIC) technique have been used to characterize misfit dislocations in Si/SiGe epilayers following hydrogen plasma treatment (T=200–500 °C). Low temperature EBIC measurements showed that the majority (90%) of shallow levels associated with misfit dislocations were not passivated, whereas deeper midgap levels are readily passivated. The dislocation (D bands) related luminescence features were all reduced in intensity following hydrogen treatment; at T=300 °C the D1 was preferentially passivated and could no longer be observed, whereas the other D bands although reduced in intensity could still be observed. Depassivation experiments showed that following posthydrogenation annealing at 600 °C the deep levels passivated as measured by EBIC and the D bands are regenerated.


The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G will open a range of innovations for the deployment of enhanced sensing and novel applications, controlling and interactive systems. The current smart grid (SG) will be more reliable, secure, flexible and durable by implementing 5GIoT monitoring. However, 5GIoT, is inefficiently and costly to travel over large areas and penetrate physical structures. As a complement, the proposed 5G1oRa converged network can offer a low-cost and large scale of coverage without blind areas. There are notable concerns regarding certain energy conservation issues to be overcome in order to achieve a successful integration of multi-hop LoRa systems within 5G architectures. Based on the Charnes-Cooper transform and Lagrange Multiplier iteration algorithm, a non-convex relaxation optimization is proposed to allocate transmit power for multi-hop LoRa to further maximize the system energy efficiency. The solution has been deployed, implemented and validated in a real and integrated 5GLoRa testbed, showing its feasibility to meet the requirements of SG data collection, transmission, cloud storage, and calculation in a wide area. Simulation results also validate the efficiency of our proposed model, which significantly outperforms other benchmark algorithms in terms of energy efficiency and QoS requirements.


Japanese Patent Application Ser. No. 696-1977, 7-16-1977. Japanese Patent Application Ser. No. 149008, 8-3-1976. Primary Examiner-Delbert E. Gantz Assistant Examiner-Gregory A. Heller Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Bernard & Brown 57 ABSTRACT A process for treating the purge stream from an aque ous sodium sulfite/sodium bisulfite solution used in the removal (recovery) of sulfur dioxide from gas is pro vided wherein the purge stream is mixed with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, the mix is cooled and sodium sulfite hydrate is crystallized and recycled for recovery of sulfur dioxide, and the residual mother liquor containing impurities is discarded. .423/242


The University of Cordoba is a young university, having only been established in 1972. It has fourteen thousand students and a strong orientation towards agricultural research and education. A centralised NIR spectroscopy facility was established in 1987 at the Technical High School of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering building, to provide a service to different university departments and to institutes associated with the uni,.-.versity. The main users of this service at .-,resent are the staff of the Animal Production and Genetics Department and the Institute of Sustainable Agriculture (CSIC) who are involved in research, development and education activities on the application of NIR to a variety of agricultural topics. The main activities for which NIR is used can be grouped into four areas as follows.


The Large Chamber Scanning Electron Microscope (LC-SEM) located at the Western Kentucky University Nondestructive Analysis Center (WKU NOVA Center), Fig. (1) was used to image surface features and analyze the porosity [1] of concrete samples that were subject to tensile stresses leading to facture. The mechanical properties of 10 μm and 20 μm carbon nanotubes (CNT) cement mortars will be experimentally studied. Current experimental results of Li [2] showed that the compressive and flexural strengths measured at the 7 th day and 28 th day of the cement mortars mixed with the CNT particles were higher than that of a plain cement mortar. Therefore, it is in principle possible to add nano-particles to improve the mechanical properties of concrete. The SEM study [2] of the microstructures between the cement mortar mixed with the nano-particles and the plain cement mortar showed that the CNT structures filled up the pores and reduced CaOH2 compound among the hydrates. We propose to expand these studies with the LC-SEM for a number of CNT types. Mechanical properties of concrete are most commonly evaluated using destructive tests including compression, flexure, and fracture of notch specimen tests. Nondestructive tests exist for evaluating the properties of concrete such as ultrasonic pulse velocity and impact echo tests. One of the major issuers with concrete is that it is quasi brittle material. It tends to want to crack when tensile stresses develop.


This paper aims to shed light on the ongoing debate of dividend policy, which is considered one of the most controversial topics in corporate finance literature. We, first, outline the main theoretical arguments of dividend policy and then critically discuss the most important and influential previous empirical studies in the dividend literature. We detect that no general consensus has yet been reached after many decades of investigation, despite extensive debate and countless research. Consequently, the main motivation for paying dividends is still unsolved and thus remains as a puzzle. In addition, there is no doubt that carrying the dividend debate into the context of emerging markets attaches more pieces to this puzzle. JEL Classification: G35


Burnout is an ever present part of the XXI. century. It is investigated predominantly in professions where communication and interaction with others are basic necessities. According to literature data, those of human services, - e.g. health-care, education … - are of greatest danger. However, not only teachers and lecturers may experience elevated level of burnout, but students, especially those under extreme pressure, as well. Present study aims to investigate the burnout of students at Obuda University. Research was conducted among 191 university students with the use of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. According to research findings 11 percent of students at Obuda University are burnt out to an extreme extent. Male students were at greater risk, as well as those, of older age and longer past of higher educational studies.


Black cultural centers (BCCs) have served students on college campuses across the country for over 50 years, but empirical research about the benefits they offer Black students, beyond examples referenced in the conceptual and historical literature, remains limited. As the relevance of BCCs has come into question given financial constraints, more diverse student bodies, and a shift to discontinuing race-specific cultural centers in favor of multicultural centers, rigorous studies about their contributions are needed. Through an ethnographic approach, this investigation explores how a BCC site and its staff act as institutional, cultural, and entrepreneurial agents by facilitating the development of social capital among Black undergraduate students. They do this by (a) serving as conduits for campus services that struggle to reach Black undergraduate students, (b) strategically coordinating resources and relationships among Black organizations to meet the needs of the Black community, and (c) collaborating with peer cultural/identity centers to streamline efforts.


Yogurt is a food product fermented from milk by Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), which is very good for health. This study focuses on the evaluation of the ratio of condensed milk / Non-sugar fresh milk from 1/1.5 - 1/2 - 1/2.5, the ratio of the puree of soursop pulp added (5-25%), the fermentation temperature (from 41 to 47 oC) and fermentation time (from 6 to 8 hours) on the fermentation ability of yogurt in order toidentify the suitable fermentation condition for producing yogurt with the best sensory quality and the suitable sour taste. Additionally, this study also  investigates the effect of temperature and time of the fermentation process on the quality of yogurt. The results showed that, with the ratio of condensed milk / Non-sugar fresh milk = 1/2, the sensory properties of yogurt were very good. Besides, with the added puree of 5% and fermentation temperature of 44 oC within 7 hours, the sensory quality of yogurt was the best (with the point of 4.7/5 by the quality description scale) and the Donic degree of the product reached 86.3 that was suitable for yogurt (70 to 90 oD)


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose steroids in the treatment of biliary atresia after Kasai procedure. Methods We reviewed 52 patients with biliary atresia who underwent operations between Jan, 1997 to Oct, 2003. The patients were separated into two groups: Patients in Group A were treated with short-term pulsed dexamethasone (1 mg·kg~ -1·d~ -1 for at least 3 days), while patients in group B were treated with methylprednisolone (4 mg·kg~ -1·d~ -1 ) for 18 to 30 weeks. We compared the rates of jaundice, survival rates of the native liver, and the occurrence of cholangitis between the two groups. We also analyzed the steroid-related complications. Results There was no obvious difference between the survival rates two years post-operatively. Six months after operation, the rate of jaundice clearance was 44.0% in group A, while it was 74.48% in group B (P 0.05). The occurrence of cholangitis in group A was 56.0%, while it was 25.92% in group B respectively (P 0.05). Gastrointestinal bleeding was observed in one patient in group B, one month after operation. Conclusions These data implied that long-term high-dose steroid therapy may promote the bile flow and reduce the rate of cholangitis, but it cannot obviate early liver transplantation. Further investigation of the safety of long-term steroid therapy is needed.


A novel HF multiresonant ballast for fluorescent lamps is analyzed, simulated, and tested experimentally. The ballast includes two major resonant networks. The lamp is driven by a parallel resonance arrangement that acts as a current source. During warm up the filaments are driven by a secondary winding of a series resonant inductor. The series resonance branch, which is active during warm up, feeds the filament and shorts out the voltage across the lamp. Simulation and experimental results suggest that the inherent features of the proposed ballast topology will prolong lamp life.


Federal, state, and local governments did not work well together to provide an effective response to Hurricane Katrina. Some of this failure can be attributed to the power struggle between the federal and state governments. The National Incident Management System (NIMS) was designed to foster collaboration among governments and their departments and agencies. However, this system largely failed. To overcome this failure, many have proposed centralizing disaster response in the federal government. Centralized control would damage the basic federal structure of our government as the national government appeals to the ever-present dangers of terrorism and natural disaster to gain permanent primacy in the relationship. The current federal system actually can work better than centralization if leadership and organizational transformation are stressed. The National Incident Management System has many elements in place that can make the federal system of disaster response work if the proper stress on organizational transformation and leadership is applied.

If we ignore the systemic issues and simply replace people or re-assign responsibilities, we may simply fail again in the not too distant future with a different cast of characters.

John R. Harrald, director of the Institute for Crisis, Disaster, and Risk Management,

   George Washington University

U.S. House Committee on Government Reform hearing, September 15, 2005


The outbreak of Covid-19 (COV-19) has become one of the global severe public health issues. It is an ongoing global pandemic that has spread rapidly. It not only affected human beings but also paralyzed most industries. It is very critical to diagnose COV-19 & Pneumonia (PNA) because both are having the same sign & symptoms that correlate to the most extent. The (RT-PCR) Reverse Transcription- Polymerise Chain Reaction widely used official screening method for detection of COV-19, while radio-logical imaging CT Scan (Computed Tomography) of human chests is used for detection of PNA as well as for COV-19 diagnosis also. The method for detecting COV-19 & PNA using CXR (Chest X-ray) & CT scans is too time consuming for an expert while the result accuracy is less. In this proposed project the work is based on the transfer learning model utilizing the Deep learning module for COV-19 & PNA solicitation from radiological images of the patient suffering from PNA & COV-19 which plays critical role in early detection & classification of COV-19 & PNA. In the present work multi-model deep learning modules are used for the image detection are as follows: DenseNet 121, MobileNet, Inception V3, ResNet 50, & VGG 16. In this study, the data set contains X-Ray & CT-Scan Images which had been collected from CORD-19 & PNA Data sets. To evaluate the effect of dataset size based on the performance of multi-modal deep learning modules, to train the proposed module of deep learning using both the original & augmented dataset, the result were quite promising for DenseNet-121 for CT Scan with 97% accuracy while VGG 16 for CXR images with 99% accuracy.


With Bluetooth components getting smaller and cheaper, we might soon integrate wireless microservers into all kinds of electronic devices. The authors explore application of a general-purpose, pluggable microserver, based on wireless application protocol and Bluetooth technology, for remote control purposes.


An efficient and quick method for Knoevenagel condensation has been developed by using sodium bicarbonate as an inorgano-green catalyst in water. A wide range of aldehydes (aromatic/heteroaromatic/α, β unsaturated aldehyde, ferrocenecarboxaldehyde), cyclic and acyclic ketones easily undergo condensation with active methylene compounds (malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate) and affords the corresponding substituted electrophilic alkenes in excellent yields. This method is also applicable for the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran, spiro[indoline-3,4'pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, and 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives in water.


The invention discloses a double-visual gynecological multifunctional treatment bed. The treatment bed is characterized by comprising a base, an equipment box, a seat, an arc leg supporting plate, a central control unit, an ozone generator, a water tank and a power supply module. The treatment bed has simple structure and multiple purposes; the self-made sterile water can be used for conventional cleaning of vagina, the self-made ozone water can be used for sterilization of the vagina, the formula medicinal liquid selected by a doctor can be delivered to the vagina of a patient to perform treatment, and a medicament can be pushed to the vagina of the patient by using a push gun to perform targeted treatment; in the treatment process, both the doctor and the patient can directly observe the whole process, so the treatment bed is convenient and practical; the whole bed body can move around, so convenience is brought to the patient; each treatment process is controlled by a central processing unit (CPU) module, so the treatment bed has high automation level; and the doctor only needs to input instructions, and the treatment of the patient can be finished.


Traversals over the object structure are widely used in object-oriented
programming, in particular in language processing applications. The visitor
pattern separates computation from traversal by specifying the computations
that should be performed at each object in a separate visitor
class. This makes the implementation of different computations reusing
the same traversal scheme possible. However, navigation through the object
structure is fixed in the accept methods implemented by the objects
that are traversed. This makes it difficult to use other navigation orders.
In this paper, we introduce the Guide pattern that describes the separation
of navigation from computation and object structure using a
double-dispatching iterator. The pattern makes it possible to implement
a whole range of navigation schemes for an object-structure. Using a selfdispatching
approach based on re
flctive method lookup such navigation
schemes can be made reusable for whole classes of object-structures (implementing
a common interface). The efficiency of this approach is provided
by caching method lookups. We extend the approach to generic navigation
through arbitrary object-structures using reflelctive field lookup.
This results in a generalization of the Walkabout class of Palsberg and
Jay with a huge performance improvement in Java, making the Walkabout
usable in practice.


Objective To explore the value of laparoscopy in the management of ectopic pregnancy.Methods 192 patients diagnosed and treated by laparoscopy are reviewed in our hospital from Aug.2003 to Apr.2006 because of ectopic pregnancy.Results 186 cases underwent laparoscopic operation successfully,6 cases by intraabdominal operation,the operation bleeding volume was 20ml,hospital stay volume was 4.5 days.4 cases were caused persistent ectopic pregnancy(PEP),3 cases were well by MTX,1 case was done intraabdominal operation.Conclusions Laparoscopic operation provides a safe and efficient minimally invasive method for ectopic pregnancy.However,the choic of indication and persistent ectopic pregnancy(PEP) deserve attention.


The star sensor is widely used in attitude control systems of spacecraft for attitude measurement. However, under dynamic conditions, the star image acquired by star sensor may appear smearing, which leads to a decline in accuracy or failure of star centroid extraction and attitude determination. In order to improve the performance of the star sensor under high dynamic environment, a Richardson-Lucy (RL) algorithm based on radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is proposed. First, the Point Spread Function (PSF) is calculated by using the angular velocity information provided by the gyroscope. Then, we use the RBFNN to predict the number of iterations required by the RL algorithm to complete the star image deblurring. Finally, simulation experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


The indices of quality of life, health state and evaluation of health of the air crew of the Air Force of Russia and Ukraine and pilots of the Ukrainian State Flying Academy (USFA) were the subject of the study. On the total, 172 persons have been examined. Quality of life was determined with the help of a worked out questionnaire. The questionnaires' analysis has shown a low living standard of 60-65 % of the examined persons. The lowest indices if the living standard were registered in pilots of the USFA that had deviations in health state. The correlation analysis of the study's data has shown that evaluation of health was a significant index of adaptation and quality of life of the air crew.


Rb-Sr isochron age of 1430±150 m.y. has been obtained for the gneissic member of Chails exposed near Nirath and Baragaon of Northwestern Himalaya.


Objective:to observe the effect of Feiai Heji(FAHJ) in treating patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Method:Sixty patients with confirmed diagnosis of advanced NSCLC were selected and randomly divided into two groups:Thirty patients in the control group with chemotherapy alone(NP or GP regimen),Thirty patients in the treated group were administered with FAHJ and chemotherapy(the regimen was as same as the control group).After 2 cycles,two groups were observed with short-term effect,the main symptom improvement,quality of life,weight changes,adverse reactions,changes in tumor markers and other projects.Result:The improvement of clinical symptoms in the treated group were superior to those in the control group.As well as improved the QOL,decreased marrow suppression,nausea,vomit and other adverse reactions and levels of tumor marks(CEA,CA153).But there was no significant difference in the effective rates and the disease control rates between two groups.Conclusion:FAHJ combined with chemotherapy can be used as an effective,low toxicity approach to treat the advanced non-small cell lung cancer.


Raising students' compositional level is one of the starting point and termination in the Chinese quality education Taking reading teaching for the position,utilize these charactertics of aesthetic intuitive entire and emotional property to strengthen the aesthetic education,educate the good aesthetic sentiment and ability of students to advance students' compostional level


Background and aims The Fresno Asthmatic Children's Environment Study (FACES) was an eight-year epidemiological study focused on the determination of the effects of air pollution on the natural his...


We present the results of the experimental studies of the possibility of monitoring the blood microcirculation in human finger nail bed with application of speckle-correlation analysis, based on estimating the contrast of time-averaged dynamic speckles. The hemodynamics at normal blood circulation and under conditions of partially suppressed blood circulation is analysed. A microscopic analysis is performed to visualise the structural changes in capillaries that are caused by suppressing blood circulation. The problems and prospects of speckle-correlation monitoring of the nail bed microhemodynamics under laboratory and clinical conditions are discussed.


Widows represent one of the fastest-growing demographics due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Many widows also lost their family's financial manager because more men hold the role of household financial manager. When their spouse dies, the widow can experience unhealthy attitudes towards finances and financial anxiety. The Changes and Grief Model for Financial Guidance pairs financial therapy techniques and inquiry methods, such as The Work of Byron Katie®, with the grief process and the change cycle. Using this model enables financial practitioners, mental health practitioners, and financial therapists to recognize the stage of grief the widow is experiencing and use the proper financial therapy modalities to support the money-avoidant widow. The model presented will provide the process to deepen client relationships through meaningful communication while compassionately supporting moneyavoidant widows through financial decisions during the difficult initial stages of grief. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.


The challenge of supporting rapidly growing numbers of mobile subscribers, while constrained by limited radio spectrum, is being faced by cellular network operators worldwide. The standard technique for cellular networks is to decrease radio cell size, thereby maintaining a supportable subscriber density. However, smaller cell sizes result in increased signalling for location management procedures, which reduces the bandwidth available for user tra c. Location management is an essential function in cellular networks that allows the network to maintain the position of subscribers, in terms of location areas. Location areas in current systems, such as GSM, consist of static and arbitrarily-de ned collections of cells, which do not take into account individual subscriber mobility patterns, either in space or time. Consequently, performance su ers signi cantly in terms of signalling requirements. A location management algorithm is proposed which uses the mobility history of individual subscribers to dynamically create individualized location areas, based on previous movements from cell to cell. The average visit duration in each cell is also maintained and is used to de ne paging areas, or subsets of the location area which are most likely to contain the subscriber. To test the proposed algorithm, a stochastic mobility model was developed based on daily sequences of activities and their associated durations and locations. The mobility model outputs the cells traversed by a subscriber over time. A call arrival distribution, together with the mobility model, provided a simulation framework used to compare the proposed algorithm with variations of the static location management scheme. Overall, the dynamic algorithm generated signi cantly lower location management costs, in terms of signalling messages generated, for all parameters examined. The pro-


The Tsumego problem in Go is a basic and essential problem to be overcome in implementing a computer Go program. This paper proposed a reality of Monte-Carlo tree search in Tsumego of computer Go which using Monte-Carlo evaluation as an alternative for a positional evaluation function. The advantage of this technique is that it requires few domain knowledge or expert input.


Curve fitting algorithm is traditionally utilized for Brillouin optical time domain analyzer (BOTDA) temperature extraction, with high time cost. To improve the extraction speed, general regression neural network (GRNN) is introduced into BOTDA temperature extraction. As a feed-forward network, only one parameter is needed to be learned in GRNN and its structure is self-adaptive for various samples with different scale, making it easier to train. The performance of GRNN is investigated in simulation and experiment different signal-to-noise ratios, pump pulse widths, and frequency scanning steps. The results show that, with the similar or better accuracy, GRNN achieves faster processing speed which is 7 times over curve fitting methods. The fast processing speed, and high extraction accuracy make GRNN approach a potential way of real-time BOTDA temperature extraction.


Automatic tuning extinction coil realizes automatic measurement for capacitance current of power network and automatic tracking compensation for single-phase earth fault, which enhances the security of network operation and the reliability of power supply, but brings much difficulty to single-phase earth fault line selection. Based on brief analysis of harmonic current, zero sequence active power,zero sequence phase-to-ground admittance and signal injection,and with the operation characteristic of auto-compensated distribution network, this paper improves the calculation method of zero sequence phase-to-ground admittance and explores a new principle for fault line selection, which strengthens the accuracy and the suitable range of fault line selection with zero sequence phase-to-ground admittance. The result of simulation analysis shows the correctness of the conclusion.


In this paper, a sensor fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme using robust model predictive control (MPC) and set-theoretic fault detection and isolation (FDI) is proposed. The MPC controller is used to both robustly control the plant and actively guarantee fault isolation (FI). In this scheme, fault detection (FD) is passive by interval observers, while fault isolation (FI) is active by MPC. The advantage of the proposed approach consists in using MPC to actively decouple the effect of sensor faults on the outputs such that one output component only corresponds to one sensor fault in terms of FI, which can utilize the feature of sensor faults for FI. A numerical example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.


Root development was studied in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Starke II) grown at 5,10, 15 and 20°C in nutrient solutions with phosphate concentrations of 10, 100 or 1000 μM. The plants were grown for 38 days (5 and 10°C), 19 days (15°C) or 14 days (20°C). At the end of the cultivation period the phosphate influx in the roots was determined with 32P-phosphate. Root development (lateral and seminal roof length and number) was monitored throughout the cultivation period on the same individuals by repeated (approximately every second day) photocopying of the roots for measurements with digitizer and appropriate software. The 5°C treatment yielded no laterals, and the seminals were only slightly affected by the different phosphate treatments. The 10 μM phosphate treatment gave high root:shoot dry weight ratio, high average lateral root length and high specific root length [m root (g root fresh weight)-1]. The 1000 μM phosphate treatment yielded the highest number of laterals per m seminal root, and usually also the highest absolute numbers. Phosphate influx decreased with increased P status of the roots. It is argued that phosphate influx is dependent on factors such as P status, root geometry and relative root extension rate.


Fusion of infrared and visible light image was studied.A multi-resolution image fusion scheme based on contrast pyramid(CP) decomposition was presented.In order to obtain a better fusion result,the contrast details of the images to be fused can be signalized selectively in the fusion processing.In addition,the quantitative evaluation of fusion performance for infrared and visible light image fusion was also investigated.With the parameters such as entropy,cross entropy,mutual information,average cross entropy,root mean square cross entropy,the performances of different fusion methods were evaluated and compared quantitatively.Compared with the methods based on Laplacian pyramid decomposition and discrete wavelet transform,the CP method is more appropriate to fusing infrared and visible light image.The experimental results are perfectly in keeping with the quantitative evaluation results.It shows that the evaluating parameters,evaluating standard,and the research method are reasonable and effectual.The evaluating methods presented here are also applicable to other image fusion applications.


As recently as the 1970s, Florida's coral reefs supported a diverse ecosystem (Fig. 3). Since then, the vitality of all ecosystem components has declined markedly due to a variety of environmental stressors (e.g., Porter and Porter, 2002). Corals are succumbing to bleaching and diseases (Figs. 4, 5). Species that are the building blocks of solid reef framework are increasingly being replaced by species that do not construct reef framework. Algal proliferation is increasing competition for space and for the hard surfaces needed by coral larvae for settlement. Decline of the coral reef ecosystem has significant negative implications for Florida's economic vitality, ranging from viability of the tourism industry attracted by the aesthetics, to sport and commercial fishing drawn by the resources. At risk of loss are biologic habitats and reef resources, including interconnected habitats for endangered species.


The work in this paper concerns a small footprint Acoustic Model (AM) and its use in the implementation of a Large Vocabulary Isolated Speech Recognition (LVISR) system for commanding a robot in the Korean language, which requires about 500KB of memory. Tree-based state clustering was applied to reduce the number of total unique states, while preserving its original performance. A decision tree induction method was developed for the tree-based state clustering. For this method, a binary question set, measurement function and stopping criterion were devised. A phoneme set consisting of 38 phonemes was defined for the implementation of small footprint Korean LVISR. Further reduction in memory requirement was achieved through integer arithmetic operation. The best multiplication factor was determined for this operation. As a result, we successfully developed a small footprint Korean LVISR that requires memory space about 500KB.


Purpose – The author's original approach helps to understand the executives and their decision‐making process.Design/methodology/approach – The complexity of today's business requires the board of directors (BoD) to go beyond its traditional role of referee, and to become involved as appropriate with the business and with its top managers. The BoD should apply the 3 of governance: namely the official policies that tell it what to do and what not to do; a comprehensive process of governance that ensures the effectiveness of its activities; and, last but not least, basic psychology to understand the possible quirks of the top managers. This article complements the author's earlier contribution on the process of governance, and focuses on how the directors can monitor the behavioral patterns of the top managers and assess the impact on their decision making.Findings – The author recommends that the BoD uses the methodology of "Creating Business Value" described in this article. By providing transparency ov...


The Lorentz length contraction for a rod in uniform motion is derived performing two measurements at arbitrary times. Provided that the velocity of the rod is known, this derivation does not require the simultaneous measurement of two events. It thus avoids uncomfortable superluminal relationships. Furthermore, since the observer's simultaneous measurement is not needed in order to observe spatial contraction, this procedure is more akin to the Lorentzian relativity approach and is better suited for more general schemes such as deformed spacetime versions of special relativity. An example of a space contraction measurement from the same rest position in the observer's frame illustrates the procedure.


Children with specific speech and language difficulties (SSLD) pose a challenge to the education system as a result of their language needs and associated educational and social‐behavioural difficulties. Local education authorities (LEAs) in England and Wales have developed language units to meet their needs but previous research has indicated this provision was inadequate. The development of inclusion raises questions regarding this type of provision, compared with full inclusion into mainstream schools. The present study reports on a national survey of LEAs in England and Wales (97 respondents, 49.5% response rate) and interviews with 37 LEA special educational needs managers. Provision varied by age group with designated specialist provision more prevalent at key stages 1 and 2 (age 5–11 years), and relatively little at key stages 3 and 4 (11–16). LEAs' decision‐making regarding provision varied, influenced by the lack of common criteria, which was highlighted by the difficulties in distinguishing children with SSLD from those with autistic spectrum disorder. There were also difficulties translating policies into practice, including the shortage of speech and language therapists. The implications of the study are discussed with reference to inclusion.


Background: In the article it is considered the essence and possibilities of the bioregulatory approach in the therapy of osteoarthrosis/osteoarthritis (OA) that is realized with the help of the use of complex bioregulatory medications (CBM) of the German company Biologische Heilmittel Heel GmbH. It is described in detail the composition and characteristics of the CBM Zeel T – the chondroprotective compound with a bioregulatory action. Zeel T is registered in the Republic of Moldova as a solution for injections, sublingual tablets and cream. Zeel T contributes to the restoration of the disturbed metabolic and reparative processes in the articular cartilage. There are considered important distinguishable moments of the mechanism of Zeel T action from the traditional chondroprotective compounds and its advantages. It should be noted that Zeel T has more than 40 years research history and it is widely used in more than 30 countries. Every year almost one million patients worldwide are treated with Zeel T. In the article it is presented the overview of clinical studies on the use of Zeel T at OA that demonstrate that Zeel T has comparable clinical efficacy with various traditional medicinal products (MP). Conclusions: It has also a good tolerability, does not cause characteristic for NSAIDs and corticosteroids (CS) side effects, and therefore can be used for a long time. The medicine is well combined with other medicinal products that increases the effectiveness and reduces the duration of the treatment course of OA.


Presents a general philosophical discussion on the search for justice in relation to medicine including definitions, legal and ethical aspects. (non-author abstract)


The northwest region has witnessed a rapid deve-lopment in the 750 kV power grid construction since the 750 kV Guanting-Lanzhoudong Transmission Demonstration Project was put into operation five year ago.However,as several faults on the insulation of the 750 kV grid transformer,the most important piece of equipment in the 750 kV grid,have been observed in recent five years,it is necessary to re-evaluate the technical specifications and standards for the transformer as stipulated then.The long-time inducted voltage test standard is one of the key bases,on which the insulation design and evaluation of the 750 kV transformer were conducted.By comparing the technical specifications and testing standards of the 750 kV transformer with those of the 1 000 kV transformer,together with the on-site analysis of the 750 kV transformer breakdown,the paper proposes a proposal for updating the long-time induced voltage test standard for the 750 kV transfor-mer.


Valvuloplasty was recently introduced as a palliative treatment of calcific aortic stenosis in elderly patients. Embolisation of valvular material has not been described as complication yet. We describe the detachment of a large calcific fragment resulting in acute, severe aortic incompetence in a 76-year-old patient. During immediate operative valve replacement the calcific embolus was recovered from the abdominal aorta.


WHEN medical students ask the embarrassing question — "What is love?" — one is hard put to it to give a satisfactory answer. The term "love" is used in many different senses. A pediatrician will so...


Bacillus subtilis JM3 protease from naturally fermented anchovy sauce was partially purified in 40-60% ammonium sulfate fraction. To accelerate fermentation of anchovy sauce, 2 and 4% crude B. subtilis JM3 proteases were added to 6 month-ripened anchovy sauce, and their hydrolysis degrees and amino-nitrogen contents were investigated at different storage times. Low molecular weight (LMW) peptide was purified by ultrafiltration ana gel permeation chromatography from anchovy sauce manufactured with B, subtilis JM3 protease. Anchovy sauces with 2 and 4% proteases increased hydrolysis rate by 27 and 32%, respectively. Amino-nitrogen contents of anchovy sauces fermented with 2 and 4% proteases were twofold higher than that of control. Control showed five peptide peaks on Bio-Rad P2 gel permeation chromatography spectrum, whereas anchovy sauces with 2 and 4% B. subtilis JM3 proteases showed six and seven peaks, respectively. ACE inhibitory activity was highest in peak 6 (43.75%) of anchovy sauce with 2% protease, followed by peak 5 (34.82%) of control. DPPH radical-scavenging effect was higher than 50% in all samples. Cytotoxicity was highest in peak 3 (44.12%) of control, fellowed by peak 5 (42.04%) of anchovy sauce with 4% protease.


The optical surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon was used to estimate the etching rate for inorganic films. The etching rate for amorphous alumina films deposited by atmospheric chemical vapor deposition using a phosphate buffer (PB) solution was estimated by the SPR method using a multilayer structure of alumina/gold/chromium/optical glass. To demonstrate that the SPR technique can be used to measure film thickness, the decrease in the thickness of a film as a result of etching was confirmed by measuring the thickness by the X-ray reflectivity (XRR) technique. The alumina/silicon samples were immersed in PB solution, and the film thicknesses obtained by the XRR technique changed from 46 to 35 nm when etched by the 0.3 M PB solution for 5 h. In SPR experiment, the same concentration of PB was used for the multilayer structure of alumina, and it was observed that the thickness changed from 26.3 to 9.8 nm in 5 h. It was found that the etching rates determined by both techniques for each PB concentration were in agreement. These results indicate that the SPR technique, which is an easy and safe technique compared with the XRR technique, could be used to estimate the etching rate for multilayer structures.


Introduction: Lipomas of the colon are rare benign tumors. Colo-colonic intussusception caused by colonic lipoma is more rare. Case report: We report a case of a 52-year-old patient presenting with recurrent colonic obstruction which occurred in recent days. Colonoscopy revealed a large submucosal mass having benign appearance. Abdominal computed tomography scan diagnosed colo-colonic intussusception due to a large lipoma of the sigmoid colon. Diagnosis was confirmed during operative reduction and resection. He had segmental left colectomy. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Computed tomography scan and colonoscopy seem important for diagnosing both lipoma and intussusception. The treatment may be surgical or endoscopic.


Strategic management and business marketing, Daryle McKee and Arch Woodside organizational buying in the quality revolution, Elizabeth Wilson segmenting industrial markets, Yoram Wind and Robert J. Thomas effective product decision-making in the industrial environment, George J. Avlonitis and Athanassios G. Kouremenos pricing, Arch Woodside business to business selling and sales force management, Wesley J. Johnston and James S. Boles industrial advertising decisions, J. David Lichtenthal and Robert H. Ducoffe industrial publicity, Jerome D. Williams and Jsrinath Gopalakrishna marketing strategies and manufacturer-distributor relationships, Roger J. Calantone and Jule Gassenheimer.


Synthesis of electrochemically active carbon fluorides was achieved through the high-energy milling of graphite or carbon black with CoF 3 at room temperature. The carbon fluorides were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results for the carbon fluoride powder prepared from graphite are reported here. This material, with the formula C 1.6 F, appears to have both semi-ionic and covalent CF bonds and demonstrates many of the characteristics of low-temperature carbon fluorides. The material has a high discharge potential of 3.2 V vs Li/Li + and a discharge capacity in the range of 450-500 mAh/g to 2.0 V.


The germinal center (GC) reaction results in the selection of B-cells acquiring effector Ig secreting ability by progressing towards plasmablastic differentiation. This transition is associated with exclusion from the GC microenvironment. The aberrant expansion of plasmablastic elements within the GC fringes configures an atypical condition, the biological characteristics of which have not been defined yet. We investigated the in situ immunophenotypical and transcriptional characteristics of a non-clonal germinotropic expansion of plasmablastic elements (GEx) occurring in the tonsil of a young patient. Compared to neighboring GC and peri-follicular regions, the GEx showed a distinctive signature featuring key regulators of plasmacytic differentiation, cytokine signaling, and cell metabolism. The GEx signature was tested in the setting of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as a prototypical model of lymphomagenesis encompassing transformation at different stages of GC and post-GC functional differentiation. The signature outlined DLBCL clusters with different overall survival, highlighting the negative prognostic impact of the overexpression of hallmark genes of this peculiar condition.


Various authors estimate the prevalence of narcolepsy to be 2-16 in 10,000 (1-4). Based on our accumulated experience in the Technion Sleep Laboratory, we have arrived at the conclusion that the prevalence of narcolepsy in Israel is considerably lower than in other countries. During 1978-1986, 1,526 patients complaining of EDS were polysomnographically recorded in our laboratory. All patients underwent a detailed clinical interview, and at least one diagnostic sleep laboratory recording. The most common diagnoses were sleep apnea syndrome (67.0%) and periodic leg movements in sleep (12.2%). The rest were accounted for by a variety of disorders, such as idiopathic CNS hypersomnolence, periodic hypersomnias, paroxysmal awakenings from sleep, Kleine-Levin syndrome, and psychiatric disorders. Remarkably, narcolepsy-cataplexy was diagnosed in only six (0.39%) of the "sleepy" patients [four men and two women, all of Jewish origin (4 Ashkenazi and 2 Sephardic)]. The diagnosis of narcolepsy was based on anamnestic evidence of daytime sleep attacks and cataplexy, laboratory-documented sleep onset REM periods, and a positive finding of HLA-DR2. None gave a clear family history of narcolepsycataplexy syndrome. The rate of narcoleptic patients in our EDS population is about 1160 to 11160 of the rate of narcoieptics in other published series of EDS patients. The difference is particularly striking in comparison with the 25% rate reported in the American National Cooperative Study (5). There are three possible explanations to account for the extremely low rate of narcoleptic patients in our data: (a) Narcolepsy is overlooked or misdiagnosed in Israel. (b) The disorder is overdiagnosed elsewhere. (C) Narcolepsy is rare among the ethnic groups (Jews and Arabs) living in Israel. (a) Is narcolepsy overlooked in Israel? Israel is a country with a population of 4.3 million (Jews and Arabs). Extrapolating the number of narcoleptic patients in the Israeli population from the prevalence rates estimated in other countries would result in 800 to 6,400 patients. Even if we use the lowest estimate of 800 patients, it is very unlikely that such a large group could be overlooked. This is particularly true in Israel where Army service is compulsory. Narcolepsy, being a severely limiting disease, would surely be diagnosed prior or during the service participation! Since there has been a growing awareness of sleep disorders in Israel in recent years, and since the eight-bed Technion Sleep Laboratory is practically the only diagnostic laboratory serving the entire country, it is also very improbable that narcoleptic patients have been diagnosed elsewhere. (b) Is narcolepsy overdiagnosed elsewhere? Although during the first part of the century, the diagnosis of narcolepsy was made almost indiscriminately in cases of excessive sleepiness (6), recent demonstrations of specific sleep cycle alterations and highly specific genetic marker make a misdiagnosis improbable.


Introduction and objective: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen most frequently associated with extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. These organisms are usually resistant to most antibiotics and pose a serious threat for health care associated infections. Plant essential oils rich in carvacrol and thymol have gained importance for their antimicrobial activity. We determined the composition of Zataria multiflora essential oil of the Jandagh area in Iran and measured its activity against ESBL producing urinary isolates of K. pneumoniae. Materials and methods: Essential oil was prepared from Z. multiflora at full flowering stage by hydrodistillation and its constituents were analyzed by a combination of capillary GC and GC-MS. Antibacterial activity was measured against 10 ESBL producing urinary isolates of K. pneumoniae as well as six ATCC bacterial standards by disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) using broth microdilution. Results: Zataria multiflora essential oil contained 25 constituents of which the major components were carvacrol (50.57%), thymol (13.38%) and p-cymene (8.27%). All tested bacteria were susceptible to the essential oil with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Disc diffusion results showed inhibition zones of 18.3-30.3mm for the ATCC standards and 20.7- 29.7mm for the 10 clinical isolates. MIC and MBC values were 0.015- 2.0mg/ml for ATCC strains and 0.03 to 0.5mg/ml for the clinical isolates.


PURPOSE: An audio device, an audio signal transmitting method thereof, and an audio system are provided to process the audio signal wirelessly received from an external device and to wirelessly transmit the processed audio signal to the other external device. CONSTITUTION: A wireless transceiver(121) wirelessly receives the audio signal from the first external instrument. An audio signal processing(122) converts the received audio signal into the audio signal of the multichannel. A controller(127) wirelessly transmits the audio signal of one channel among the audio signals of multichannel to one or more second external devices. An audio output device(123) outputs the audio signal of the channel of one except at least one channel.


The influence of varying concentrations of sulfuric acid, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride in the extraction of gold oxidized minerals by severe process was investigated. For tests of the study variables was conducted a gold minerals from the area CHAO, which was characterized for physicochemical and mineralogical necessary for the development of the process information. The leaching medium is formed in the pulp by adding concentrated sulfuric acid oxidizing salts such as sodium chloride and sodium nitrate. The addition of salts to acid pulp aims to produce chlorine and aqua regia in situ, energetic noble elements leaching to recover gold containing ores. The results of the investigation show that it is possible to leach gold from gold ore by the leaching process of oxidizing acid salts medium. The results shows that the highest% recovery of gold (82.17) was achieved levels of operation having as dosage of sulfuric acid (55 Kg / mineral TM), dosage of sodium nitrate (10 kg / mineral TM) and chloride dosage sodium (35 Kg / mineral TM).
Finally, it was noted in the results that the gold recovery rates tend a decreasing trend with increasing dosages


Disability is the major impediments of most disabled peoples to participate in entrepreneurial activities and being self-employed. This may also linked with major challenges like start-up capital, lack of entrepreneurial skill, socio-cultural problems and personal attitude are the barriers which will affect them to participate in entrepreneurial activities. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify and examine the major challenges of persons live with disabilities to start and expand their own business. In undertaking the investigation four independent variables was used (Start-up capital, personal attitude, socio-cultural issues and entrepreneurial skill) and one dependent variable (Entrepreneurial success). To conduct the study both qualitative and quantitative research design was employed. By using simple random sampling method 372 samples was drawn from seven selected clusters and questionnaires were distributed and from these only 326 questionnaires were returned. And the analysis was made by using descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics like correlation and regression. From the result of the analysis the major challenges of disabled peoples are identified: lack of start-up capital, personal attitude, and lack of entrepreneurial skill as the major problems which significantly affect the disabled peoples to be successful in business. Finally, it is suggested that the government, financial institutions, disabled peoples and other concerned bodies should eager to help and simplify those challenges.


This cross-sectional descriptive research was carried out in February 2008 to study the factors that affected health status in 15-60 years old 63,764 persons in amphur Chaturapakpimarn Roi-et province. Samples were drawn by multiple-stage cluster sampling. Sample size had from the formula of Yamane that had 398 persons. The total samples of 765 persons were interviewed by questionnaire and Thai Happiness Indicators (THI-15) of the Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and Chi-square test. The association analysis of all variables that age over 40 years old, body mass index over 30.0, high blood pressure level, family history of diabetes and family history of hypertension were statistically significant related to blood sugar over180 mg./ml. Age over 40 years old, primary education level, agriculturist, not member of community and body mass index equal and over 23.0 were statistically significant related to high blood pressure level. Female, age over 40 years old, status couple/widow/divorce/separate, primary education level, agriculturist, income 1,000-9,999 baht/month and no smoking were statistically significant related to body mass index equal and over 25.0. Family history of hypertension was statistically significant related to body mass index equal and over 30.0. Right health insurance other than universal coverage and received health information were statistically significant related to Thai Happiness Indicators over normal. Family history of hypertension and no exercise were statistically significant related to Thai Happiness Indicators under normal.


In this research paper, we have found out (1) Lakshmana's lagna position (angle in degrees) and time of birth (2) Lakshmana's astro transit chart at the time of his wedding along with dasa and its effects (3) Reasons for Lakshmana going to exile along with his elder brother Lord Sri Rama, based on his birth and astro transit charts (4) Effects of various mahadasas, antardasas, pratyantardasas and sookshmantardasas on Lakshmana during these events. With the help of Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra and Sage Valmiki's Ramayana we have drawn several conclusions regarding Lakshmana's life events


We report, synthesis and antifungal activities of CuO nanoparticles. Particles are prepared through sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction studies show the particles are monoclinic (crystalline) in nature. Scanning electron microscopic measurements are carried out to understand the morphology of the prepared particles. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic measurements show that the prepared particles containing Cu and O. To identify the local structure of the particles Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopic measurements were carried out showing vibrational bands of Cu-O and O-H band. Anti fungal studies were performed on the set of fungal using disk diffusion method and found that the prepared particles are suitable for antifungal activities.


This paper examines the nature of Japanese government regulation of pharmaceutical prices, and the impact of that regulation on the competitive performance of the Japanese industry. Possible implications for the reintroduction of pharmaceutical price controls in the US are also considered.


This paper was based on data obtained from a 20/0.4 kV substation, from a working day, purchased using a class A power quality analyzer. From the set of data obtained, from the analyzer reports, the study of case was limited to data acquisition, data analysis and statistical processing of data on currents and voltages.


Our past research proposed to apply Comulants and Gram-Charlier expansion method to perform probabilistic load flow studies with consideration of generation and load uncertainties. This paper proposed a new method to improve the previous PLF computation method in order to model the network topology uncertainties. This innovative method uses distribution factor concept to model the impact of network uncertainties as a linear function of power injections. Maintaining the linear relationship between line flows and power injections enables applying Cumulants and Gram-Charlier expansion method to compute probabilistic distribution functions of transmission line flows. The proposed method is examined using IEEE 30-bus test system. Numerical comparison with Monte Carlo simulation method is also presented in this paper. Study results indicate that the proposed method has significantly reduced the computational efforts while maintaining a high degree of accuracy.


Abstract : Temperature, salinity, density, and sound velocity are the properties of most interest to the physical oceanographer and acoustician. The Naval Oceanographic and Atmospheric Research Laboratory has produced a first-level numerical simulation model that can produce simulated sections of temperature, salinity, density, and sound velocity in the vicinity of an oceanic front. The user controls the front. This technical note documents the algorithms used in the simulation model and provides a users guide to the programs. Two programs are documented. The first program generates the front, and the second produces plots of the frontal properties.


: A new novel series of metalcomplexes are prepared from reactions between 2-benzoylthio-benzimidazole (L) with metal salts of Co (II) , Fe(III) and Rh (III) , while Pd(II) complex was obtained by mixing ligandsof 2-benzoylthiobenzimidazole (L) as primary ligand and bipyridine (L / )as secondary ligand as well as palladium chloride as metal salt in an ethanoic medium. The geometry of these compounds were identified using C.H.N.microanalysis, Ultraviolet–visible, Fourier transforms infrared, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity and flame atomic absorption (A.A). From the dataobtained by these spectral analyses, the molecular structures for Rh and Fe complexes were proposed to be octahedral geometry. A square planar construction is proposed for Pd(II), while a Tetrahedral Geometry for Cobalt (II)complex. All of the complexes which were prepared displayedobviousconstancy and could be stored for months without showing any considerablealteration. Semi-empirical methods (ZINDO/1, ZINDO/S & PM3) were conducted to assess the heat of formation ∆H˚f, binding energy ∆Eb, and dipole moment for all compounds as theoretic study. The complexes expressnotable biological activities to pathogenic bacteria when inspected on certain bacteria. The synthesized compounds exhibited moderate toverygood antibacterial activity against bacterial strains, i.e., Escherichiacoli, Staphylococcus Pseudomonas


Upcoming construction proposals for utility-scale photovoltaic plants and discussion of compensation in Nigeria raise the question of appropriate grid code requirements to support system voltage control objectives. The large geographical extent, long lines, and small number of generators in the Nigerian High Voltage System make voltage control a critical issue. This paper evaluates the effect of different power control strategies for a 100 MW solar plant, using dynamic simulation of a detailed grid model. The choice of location in North of Nigeria informs ongoing discussions, and is the first published study of this type. The effect of the strategies are compared, and recommendations are made for transmission system operators and developers to consider as they define interconnection agreements.


The invention embodiment provides a CRBT (Color Ring Back Tone) system and music box management method and equipment and relates to the technical field of communication for supporting a user to solely create and manage a personal music box. The music box management method comprises the following steps of: receiving a user request for managing a personal music box; setting or searching the bonding relation between the user and the personable music box; and managing the personal music box of the user according to the bonding relation. In the music box management equipment provided by the invention embodiment, the music boxes can be also effectively managed by a CRBT network or a third-party website authorized for carrying out local agency services. The technical scheme provided by the invention embodiment can be widely applied to communication systems, such as the CRBT system, and the like.


Background: Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of metabolic disorders that share the common phenotype of hyperglycemia, association with the biochemical alteration of glucose and lipid peroxidation. Abnormalities in metabolism, including elevated polyol pathway, increased non-enzymatic glycation, accumulation of AGEs, uncontrolled oxidative stress, protein kinase C activity (PKC) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) result from glucose dysmetabolism and evidently also contribute to the development of retinopathy. The aim of this study was to analyze and correlate determine the levels of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide dismutase in patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without retinopathy. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised of 54 type 2 diabetics with retinopathy and 54 type 2 diabetics without retinopathy in the age group of 35-74 years. HbA1c, MDA, and SOD were assayed for both subjects. Results were analyzed carried out by using SPSS 16.0 version (Chicago, Inc., USA). Results: Serum MDA levels were highly significant increased in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Retinopathy in comparison to without Retinopathy (4.25±1.03 μmol/l vs 2.12±1.55 μmol/l and p<0.0001*). SOD; which acts as an antioxidant was highly significant decrease in diabetic retinopathy, in comparison to without Retinopathy (0.53±0.07 U/mg protein/min vs 0.91±0.10 U/mg protein/min and p<0.0001*). HbA1c, which acts as a biomarker of diabetes was significant higher diabetic retinopathy in comparison to without Retinopathy (9.28±2.31% vs 7.95±1.77 % and p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study indicates that the MDA and HbA1c level increase while there is a decrease SOD level, leading to oxidative stress in diabetic complications. Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus, increasing over time may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy that should be considered in further research. INTRODUCTION: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. 1 QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(10).4184-90 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7 (10).4184-90 The effects of diabetes mellitus include long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs. 2 Diabetes-specific micro vascular disease is a leading cause of blindness, renal failure and nerve damage. 3 India faces a huge case load of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), which is projected to affect about 69.9 million Indians by the year 2025. 4 Though all traditional risk factors such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension and duration of diabetes are associated with development and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. 5


The flow characteristics passing a multi-point Pitot tube flow-meter of diamond shape and the characteristics of flow coefficients of the flow-meter are experimentally studied by varying combination of upstream rectangular dual elbows. The results provide the flow coefficients, which show good stability and reliability within the Reynolds number range covered here in this study, and which can be used to measure flow-rates in practice. The variation of dual elbows upstream can change the velocity field so much that the flow pattern might thwart the precise flow measurement using the multi-point Pitot tube. The strongest swirl is detected in the case of 90˚ dual elbow combination of all. In addition, it is observed that flow separation remains unchanged and occurs at the same point irrespective of various upstream dual elbow combinations.


To reduce the need for a large number of executed physical function tests we examined inter‐relations and determined predictive power for daily physical activity of the following tests: 6‐min walk, 10 repetition sit‐to‐stand, time up‐and‐go, Storke balance, handgrip strength, upper limb tapping and sitting forward bend tests. In 90 dialysis and 140 healthy control subjects we found high correlations between all tests, especially those engaging lower extremities. Sit‐to‐stand, forward bend and handgrip strength were selected for the test battery and composite motor performance score. Sit‐to‐stand test was superior in terms of sensitivity to uremia effects and association with daily physical function in adjusted analyses. There was no incremental value in calculating the composite performance score. We propose to standardize the physical function assessment of dialysis patients for cross‐sectional and longitudinal observations with three simple, cheap, well‐accessible and easily performed test tools: sit‐to‐stand test, handgrip strength and Human Activity Profile questionnaire.


Abstract The non-standard Hamiltonian system, also referred to as a partial Hamiltonian system in the literature, of the form q˙i=∂H∂pi, p˙i=−∂H∂qi+Γi(t, qi, pi)${\dot q^i} = \frac{{\partial H}}{{\partial {p_i}}},{\text{ }}{\dot p^i} = - \frac{{\partial H}}{{\partial {q_i}}} + {\Gamma ^i}(t,{\text{ }}{q^i},{\text{ }}{p_i})$ appears widely in economics, physics, mechanics, and other fields. The non-standard (partial) Hamiltonian systems arise from physical Hamiltonian structures as well as from artificial Hamiltonian structures. We introduce the term 'artificial Hamiltonian' for the Hamiltonian of a model having no physical structure. We provide here explicitly the notion of an artificial Hamiltonian for dynamical systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Also, we show that every system of second-order ODEs can be expressed as a non-standard (partial) Hamiltonian system of first-order ODEs by introducing an artificial Hamiltonian. This notion of an artificial Hamiltonian gives a new way to solve dynamical systems of first-order ODEs and systems of second-order ODEs that can be expressed as a non-standard (partial) Hamiltonian system by using the known techniques applicable to the non-standard Hamiltonian systems. We employ the proposed notion to solve dynamical systems of first-order ODEs arising in epidemics.


New combustion systems developed for low emissions have produced substantial changes to the characteristics of inlet turbulence entering nozzle guide vanes. This paper documents the characteristics of turbulence generated by mock combustion system configurations representative of recently developed catalytic and dry low NO x combustors. Additionally, heat transfer rates are determined on the surface of a vane subjected to inlet turbulence generated by these mock combustor configurations. Six different inlet turbulence conditions with levels ranging up to 14% are documented in this study and vane heat transfer rates are acquired at exit chord Reynolds numbers ranging from 500,000 to 2,000,000. Heat transfer distributions show the influence of turbulence level and scale on heat transfer augmentation and transition. Cascade aerodynamics are well documented and match pressure distributions predicted by a commercial CFD code for this large-scale low-speed facility. The vane pressure distribution could be characterized as a conventional or fully loaded distribution. This comprehensive data set is expected to represent an excellent test case for vane heat transfer predictive methods. Predictive comparisons are shown based on a two-dimensional boundary layer code using an algebraic turbulence model for augmentation as well as a transition model.


This study aims to develop a product of teaching materials in the form of Student Worksheets based on process skills in learning science of light material in the hope of helping students in learning activities. The method used in this research is the development of Research and Development (R&D) by modifying the Brog and Gall development model through five stages including, potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, and design revision. The results showed that the Student Worksheet developed was feasible to use, based on validation by media experts an average score of 3.51 in the "Good" category, and teacher validation an average score of 3.55 in the "Good" category.


Hadronic jets are a key signature of strong interactions between constituent partons in high energy hadron collisions. The framework of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) describes the partonic cross sections [1] for hard scattering at large momentum transfers and we have witnessed substantial progress in both experimental and theoretical understanding of such processes throughout the past two decades. The production amplitudes for various final states depend on the convolution of parton level cross sections with experimentally-determined parton distribution functions (PDFs) [2]. Pictorially jet production in hadron collisions can be modeled as in Fig. 1. Matrix elements (MEs) for the hard interaction are available to (next-to-)next-to-leading-order, (N)NLO, (next-to-)next-to-leadinglogarithm, (N)NLL, for many processes and phenomenological models tuned to data can be used to account for hadronization effects.


This study was designed to identify the extent to which the Master's Program in Library and Information Science, offered by the school of Documentation Sciences at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain) covers the competencies considered important by employers and Master's students and professors. A questionnaire was prepared and sent to employers in the information science sector and to professors and students from the Master's Program, asking them to evaluate 29 competencies. Professors and students were also asked to indicate to what extent these skills are included in Master. The most notable result is the existence of a significant gap in the ratings made by students about the importance of each competency and their satisfaction with what was learned. The evaluation framework presented can be used to identify deficiencies in the Master's curricula and to make recommendations for improvement.


Multi-element disk FCG with HE-charges of 240 mm diameter (DFCG-240) is the energy base for explosive electro-physical complex EMIR, intended for generation of pulsed fluxes of soft X-ray radiation (SXR). In the EMIR complex, a current pulse from DFCG is transmitted through a low-inductive cable transmitting line to special transforming and forming devices and put into a load. DFCG-240 design with an energy preamplifier is considered in the paper. Experimental results of development of separate DFCG elements are presented. Results of testing of a helical FCG disk generator on inductive load are discussed.


The article considers the currently active form of training, based on the use of video lessons in the classroom – "inverted learning". The main goals of the "Inverted Learning" technology of students are given, and the advantages of this method of transferring the necessary knowledge are shown. The conclusion of the purpose of this technology in optimizing the educational process, increasing the effectiveness of performing independent work by students, increasing the level of motivation for teaching students, in forming students' sense of responsibility for their education, in turning students into active participants in the educational process is shown. The advantages of this approach in the possibility of harmonious combination of e-learning with lecture lectures, the availability of many resources, as well as the work of students in the team, are revealed. The complex of electronic educational tools of "Inverted Learning" technology and corresponding software products is considered. The main digital strategies are identified as a means of using electronic-digital devices in the learning process and out-of-class activities. The technology of "Inverted Learning" of students, which has a significant perspective in improving the quality of education in economic higher education institutions, is described in detail. The reasons that lead to the need for a transition in the methods of higher professional education to the technologies of "Inverted Learning" are shown. The stages of the formation of the technology of "Inverted Learning" are presented. The main trends of changes in the current educational technologies that may become key in the near future (5–7 years) are analyzed.


Arthropods or their activities regulate the amounts of forms of mass and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems. Canopy arthropods have the largest impacts on mobile elements such as potassium, while soil detritivores control mineralization rates of less mobile elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium. Nominal (base-line) herbivory and detritivory combine to speed nutrient cycling and reduce standing crops of decaying plant materials. 42 references, 1 figure, 3 tables.


Abstract The quantifier Qm,n binds m + n variables. In the κ-interpretation M ⊨ means that there is a κ-powered proper subset X of ∣M∣ such that whenever ā ∈ mX and then M ⊨ ϕā, . If σ ∈ Lm, n has a model in the κ-interpretation does it have a model in the λ-interpretation? For σ ∈ L1, 1, κ regular and uncountable, and λ = ω1 the answer is yes.


In this paper we obtain some weighted integral estimates for differential forms which are generalizations of the Poincare inequality, the Caccioppoli-type estimate, and the weak reverse Holder inequality, respectively. These results can be used to study the integrability of differential forms and to estimate the integrals for differential forms.


This study aims to determine how the simultaneous and partial influence of corporate governance as proxied by managerial ownership, independent commissioners, audit committees, and audit quality and firm size on the integrity of financial statements. The population in this study are all food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016-2020. The samples produced were 18 samples using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis used in this study is descriptive statistics and panel data regression using software eviews 12. The results of this study indicate that managerial ownership, independent commissioners, audit committees, audit quality and company size simultaneously affect the integrity of financial statements. Partially, the audit committee has a negative effect and firm size has a positive effect on the integrity of the financial statements. Meanwhile, managerial ownership, independent commissioners and audit quality have no effect on the integrity of the financial statements.


ABSTRACT The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a major yield-limiting pest of soybean. In this study, experiments were conducted to examine the diversity of parasitic fungi from SCN associated with disease-suppressive soil fields in Northeast China. Soil samples were collected from three fields under different rotation systems that were established in 1991: (1) a continuous long-term cropping field with soybean (SSSS) that had been shown to be SCN-suppressive, (2) cycles of three-year rotation with corn, soybean, and wheat (WCS), and (3) continuous cropping field with three-year cycles of two years soybean and one-year corn (SSC). In the traditional method result, cyst densities of SCN declined as increase of parasitic fungi, and the percentage of parasitic fungi associated with cyst of SCN was higher in SSSS field than other two fields. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) also showed that parasitic fungi of SCN were also increased in SSSS field, compared with the other two fields. Principal component analysis based on PCR-DGGE data revealed that fungal communities on cysts could be divided into three groups: one group occurred in SSSS, and the other two groups were in WCS and SSC fields, respectively. Long-term cropping with soybean monoculture in the black soil field might increase parasitic fungi of SCN. These fungal communities may play an important role in the ecological suppression of SCN in disease-suppressive soil.


The effects of electrical stimulation, kidney fat removal time, tenderloin removal time, and storage and packaging treatment on tenderness and retail display characteristics of beef tenderloin steaks were studied. Electrical stimulation increased overall desirability scores on days 2 through 4 of retail display. Steaks from sides that had kidney and pelvic fat removed prior to chilling had higher Warner-Bratzler shear force values, darker muscle color and higher retail evaluations for overall desirability on days 2 through 4 of display than did steaks from conventionally dressed sides. Tenderloin steaks that were vacuum packaged and stored 14 days had higher bacterial counts, more uniform lean color and less visual purge in the retail package than did steaks retail displayed immediately after tenderloin removal.


Objectives: In the treatment of traumatic anterior shoulder instability there is still not formed a ideal consensus. Although the results of the open technique for repairing Bankart lesions detected in these patients, in recent years with the development of arthroscopic methods, arthroscopic Bankart repair with the successful results are obtained. We aimed to present our results of Bankart repair with the arthroscopic method. Methods: The study included 42 patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair in our clinic between the years 2011-2014. Mean age was 26.3 (18-37). Preoperative and postoperative pain and functions of the patients were assessed using the Constant and Rowe scores. The mean follow-up period was 19 months (range 6 to 30 months). Patients with at least two dislocations were included in the study. The mean number of dislocations was 4.8 (2-10). The mean time from the first trauma to surgical intervention was 2.5 years (range 0.5 to 10 years). Patients with multidirectional instability were excluded. Repair was performed using double-stranded double with the standard anterior portal. Decision for surgical treatment was made based on limitation of activities because of fear of having a dislocation and on positive results of instability tests. Before surgery for all patients, a detailed clinical examination, conventional radiography and conventional MRI were evaluated. All the patients had labral tears on preoperative magnetic resonance scans and had complaints of instability even during daily activities. Results: The mean passive shoulder abduction was 155 (145-170) degrees and mean external rotation was measured 80 (60-90) degrees. The mean preoperative Rowe score was 42 points, while the postoperative score was 89.1 points at the last time follow up. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The Constant score was 52 preoperatively and increased to 85 points after the surgery. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The mean loss of external rotation was observed %28.75 and the last time follow up decreased to %8.2. The difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). All of the patients returned to their daily activities and no dislocation has been occurred. Conclusion: Although, in the past, the results of arthroscopic repair were less satisfactory compared to open and mini open surgery. This condition has changed remarkably. The results of arthroscopic repair in our study were good enough compared to open surgeries. Also in patients who underwent arthroscopic repair, length of hospital stay is shorter, less pain and less scar tissue occurs after the surgery. We believe that, with enhanced experience and advances in arthroscopic repair techniques, arthroscopic treatment may outweigh open surgery.


Compounds having the sulphonamide group has long been used as drugs for various diseases. The biological activity of these drugs is enhanced by complexation with metal ions. Transition metal Fe (II) complex of ligand derived from sulfamethizole and substituted p-cresol have been prepared and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The products have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR, UV-Vis spectral studies, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, molecular weight determination and stepwise stability constants by PH metric method. The elemental analysis revealed that the azo dye ligand coordinated to the metal ions in 1: 2 (metal-ligand) molar ratios. The complex are non-electrolytes as confirmed by their conductivity measurements. The infrared data indicates that the ligand are coordinated with meal ions through diazo (−N=N-) nitrogen and phenolic (−OH) oxygen. The spectral data suggest distorted octahedral geometry as shown in the proposed structure.


Over the past three decades, an increasing body of entomological research has been published on integrated pest management (IPM) in cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton). However, no paper has been published that synthesizes the existing literature. This paper fills this gap by analyzing 139 peer- and editor-reviewed articles that were data driven and had direct relevance to the subject of insect pests or insect pest management of V. macrocarpon. Results show that the top three studied insect pests of cranberries have been Sparganothis fruitworm (Sparganothis sulfureana Clemens), blackheaded fireworm (Rhopobota naevana Hübner), and cranberry fruitworm (Acrobasis vaccinii Riley). The regions with the most published entomological papers on cranberry IPM research have been New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Wisconsin in the United States, followed by British Columbia in Canada. Among IPM tactics, published research on chemical control, as well as on host-plant resistance, has increased likely due to recent advances on newer, reduced-risk insecticides and high-yielding cultivars; while published research focusing on behavioral control has declined likely due to the cost of these tactics. There are no consistent trends in published research on natural and biological control or cultural control. These historical research trends are important when considering regulatory changes on insecticide use, such as the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 in the United States, which resulted in the banning and restrictions of certain broad-spectrum insecticides. As more insecticides are banned or restricted and global and organic cranberry production increases, we anticipate further advances in research related to sustainable IPM tactics.


The invention discloses a vanadium extraction technology of low-grade high-calcium vanadium-containing steel slag. The technology comprises the following steps of: a, performing pretreatment of the low-grade high-calcium vanadium-containing steel slag; b, performing oxidation calcification roasting of the low-grade high-calcium vanadium-containing steel slag; c, performing carbonation leaching treatment of the vanadium-containing steel slag after the roasting to obtain vanadium-containing leachate; d, adding an acid to the vanadium-containing leachate to precipitate vanadium, and filtering to obtain coarse vanadium; e, performing alkaline solution treatment of the coarse vanadium, and filtering to obtain V -containing filtrate; and f, adding NH4Cl into the V -containing filtrate, reacting to generate NH4VO3, and performing deamination to obtain V2O5 finally. Through the vanadium extraction technology disclosed by the invention, the requirement on calcium content is reduced; high-purity vanadium pentoxide is produced from low-grade high-calcium vanadium-containing steel slag; and the vanadium resource in the vanadium-titanium magnetite is effectively recycled and utilized. The invention provides conditions for the vanadium extraction of a converter single-link method; and the vanadium-containing molten iron is directly used for steelmaking, the vanadium enters the low-grade high-calcium steel slag, and an additional converter for vanadium extraction is not needed, thereby avoiding the interference and influence on the steelmaking caused by the additional vanadium extraction converter for vanadium extraction.


In order to improve the measurement precision of binocular stereo vision measuring system, a new structural parameter model of this system was investigated with the trigonometric method to analyze the structural parameters affect on the vision measurement accuracy. Then, by simulation, the precision infl uence trend of these structural parameters was got to conclude the range of the structural parameters with a small error. And, the simulation result could be applied to the meridian visualization. By pasting the location target on the electrode probe, the coordinates of the probes was calculated by using the relationship of target and electrode probes to indirectly get meridian point position. Also, by analyzing the accuracy of the X corners on the target, this experiment obtained an effective work area which laid a good foundation for the meridian visualization. Finally, according to the theoretical and experimental results, the method of improving system precision was summarized.


The study on the adsorption,liquid-liquid extraction,vacuum fermentation,membrane separation and gas stripping coupling with alcoholic fermentation was reviewed in this paper.The progress of these new techniques were discussed,and the merits as well as demerits of various processes were presented.By comparing these separation methods,the prospect of coupling of alcoholic fermentation with separation was recommended.


A new system has been used to test the influence of levamisole on T-cell function. Evidence has been produced that prior exposure to the drug "protects" normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes from the inhibition that cytotoxic sera from patients with Hodgkin's disease and systemic lupus erythematosus exhibit on their E-rosette-forming capacity. Also, damage of this T-cell function already induced by Hodgkin's sera may be partially corrected.


In a series of studies to simulate the ingestion of cold food, the rumen of adult sheep was cooled by 0–400 kJ over 1 h. Ruminal cooling reduced body heat content, increased rate of metabolic heat production and reduced apparent rate of heat loss to the environment. On average, each 100 kJ of cooling reduced heat content by 46 kJ, increased heat production by 20 kJ and reduced heat loss by 70 kJ. Precooling thermal status of the sheep affected the magnitude of the responses to cooling. A 0.1 °C higher precooling mean body temperature decreased the response in metabolic heat production by 6 kJ and increased the reduction in body heat content by 4.6 kJ. The heat production associated with eating reduced the heat loss response to ruminal cooling but did not affect the change in heat content. Well-insulated sheep were less affected by ruminal cooling. Key words: Sheep, rumen, cooling, heat production, temperature


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1. Incubation: 4 – 14 days 2. Fluctuating fever 3. Diarrhoea 4. Nasal discharge and salivation 5. The first lesion appear in the perineum 6. Various sized cutaneous nodules (Fig. 52) may occur throughout the body 7. Skin lesions may show scab formation 8. Swelling of superficial lymph nodes and limbs, and lameness 9. Infertility and abortion 10. Secondary infection may lead to joint and tendon inflammation