Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to M&A literature by explicitly investigating whether cross-border acquisitions involving emerging markets, either as acquirers or as targets, create value and how is the performance outcome in such acquisitions impacted by deal-specific characteristics. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses industry-adjusted operating performance to measure acquisition gains, the Wilcoxon signed rank test to examine value creation potential and OLS regression to evaluate the impact of deal characteristics on acquisition gains. Findings – The authors find very pronounced value destruction when emerging market firms acquire targets in developed markets, the adverse outcome being further aggravated when the mode of acquisition is "tender offer" rather than a "negotiated deal". On the other hand, when developed market firms acquire targets from emerging markets, there is an even chance of value creation, the outcome being favourably influenced by the pre-acquisitio...


CalcuList (Calculator with List manipulation), is an educational language for teaching functional programming extended with some imperative and side-effect features, which are enabled under explicit request by the programmer. As the language natively supports json objects, it may be effectively used to implement generic MapReduce, which is a popular model in distributed computing that underpins many NoSQL systems. As a list a jsons can be thought of as a dataset of a document NoSQL datastore, it turns out that CalcuList can be used as a tool for teaching advanced query algorithms for document datastores such as MongoDB and CouchDB.


is an information service for those involved in planning and providing health care in Canada. HTIS responses are based on a limited literature search and are not comprehensive, systematic reviews. The intent is to provide a list of sources and a summary of the best evidence on the topic that CADTH could identify using all reasonable efforts within the time allowed. HTIS responses should be considered along with other types of information and health care considerations. The information included in this response is not intended to replace professional medical advice, nor should it be construed as a recommendation for or against the use of a particular health technology. Readers are also cautioned that a lack of good quality evidence does not necessarily mean a lack of effectiveness particularly in the case of new and emerging health technologies, for which little information can be found, but which may in future prove to be effective. While CADTH has taken care in the preparation of the report to ensure that its contents are accurate, complete and up to date, CADTH does not make any guarantee to that effect. CADTH is not liable for any loss or damages resulting from use of the information in the report. Links: This report may contain links to other information available on the websites of third parties on the Internet. CADTH does not have control over the content of such sites. Use of third party sites is governed by the owners' own terms and conditions. A stroke is an interruption of blood supply and subsequently, oxygen, to any part of the brain. 1 Strokes can be caused by a blood clot in a blood vessel that blocks the flow of blood to the brain (also known as ischemic stroke) or by a rupture, causing a blood leak into the brain (also known as hemorrhagic stroke). 1 If the brain lacks blood or oxygen supply for longer than a few seconds, it may cause permanent damage. 1 In Canada, the 2005-06 age-standardized hospitalization rate for acute stroke was 94.9 per 100,000 individuals. The hospitalization rate was adjusted for differences in age for both males and females with strokes. Types of acute stroke include subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and acute but ill-defined stroke. 2 In 2004, 11,668 deaths in Canada were attributed to strokes. 2 Since 1979, there has been a general decrease in the number of deaths …


We present a method of measuring the complex permittivity of alpine snow in the microwave S-band (2.1-4 GHz) using the waveguide method. This method was field trialed in the Southern Alps in New Zealand, where six snow samples of varying melt conditions were measured and their complex permittivity calculated. Combined with snow density data, we estimated the volumetric liquid water content (i.e. snow wetness) of the snow samples. This data allows us to assess the viability of aerial snow depth surveys with the ultra-wideband radar.


(max. 2000 char.) : This report summarizes the work done at Risø-DTU testing a vanadium flow battery as part of the project "Characterisation of Vanadium Batteries" (ForskEl project 6555) with the partners PA Energy A/S and OI Electric A/S under the Danish PSO energy research program. A 15kW/120kWh vanadium battery has been installed as part of the distributed energy systems experimental facility, SYSLAB, at Risø DTU. A test programme has been carried out to get hands-on experience with the technology, to characterize the battery from a power system point of view and to assess it with respect to integration of wind energy in the Danish power system. time signs of degradation of performance. It has a round-trip efficiency at full load of approximately 60% (depending on temperature SOC). cell power converter, and auxiliary power consumption from pumps and controller. frequency battery the results of the analyses


The paper centers on improving organizational efficiency through quality service delivery strategies. We provide conceptual insights elucidating how organizational efficiency is influenced by quality service delivery. Exploratory approach and secondary source of data were used and Total quality management was employed as theoretical framework. Our analysis suggests that service organizations can enhance their performance by putting in place strategies and practices that strengthen the service-oriented behaviors of their employees and reduce their intentions to leave the organization. Improved performance is accomplished through the delivery of high quality services. Specifically, service-oriented business strategies in the form of organizational-level service orientation and practices in the form of training directly influence the manifest service-oriented behaviors of staff.  It increases job satisfaction, which, in turn has an impact on affective commitment.


Hainan is now under the construction of an international tourist island,which may have profound impacts on the life style ,cultural values and attitudes of local residents,toward tourism. To establish an resident mental health service netword covering the whole island,it is necessary to understand the mental health status of local residents,promote psychological health educaion and kperform mental intervention and therapy to those with mental health problems.


Notes from Underground by Dostoyevsky and The Fall by Camus, which are both polyphonic and disconcerting works, are to be read as oblique and cryptic confessions by their authors. In the context of Western ideology, which centers on rationalist and subjectivist doctrines that give paramount importance to judgment, there is no case for making an authentic confession. Our comparative approach seeks to explore the symmetrical paths taken by both monologues in order to displace the conceptual structures of the reader as judge. This refreshing textual enterprise uses the resources of original aesthetic dynamics that rest upon the double structure of the theme and of the horizon in order to deconstruct decisive schemas in European subjectivism.


In spite of the profound changes in the political and social climate of Germany, early post-World War Two literature was notable for its lack of reality. It revealed a melancholic reluctance to evaluate things as they truly were, avoiding to look at the dust, smoke and ashes which covered the devastated German landscape after the war. The collapse of the Third Reich and the failure of Hitler's dream of a thousand-year empire did not inspire the literature of the time. Instead of facing the present, German writing tended to look back to the atmosphere of the pre-First World War past; writers preferred, in their confused nostalgic mood, the old mother's caress to the orphan's inarticulate helpless cry and their poetic brush painted the colors of a gray autumn sky rather than the angry red of a new uncertain dawn. No wonder that sensitive German readers, in their disillusionment with this war, had little use for this type of literature. They wanted truth and sincerity.1 Yet, shortly thereafter, as the rising tide of anger and outrage abroad manifested itself against the crimes of Nazi Germany and the charred remains of Auschwitz and Dachau became the visible symbols of the nation's guilty past, both the theme and the tone of postwar German literature underwent a radical change. Old and young German writers began addressing themselves to recent events and asking uncomfortable questions about crime and responsibility. One of the most talented of these "repentant" writers, as they came to be called, is Guenther Grass, whose The Tin Drum displays his wit, irony and epic verve in a grotesque satirical-allegorical portrayal of Germany's


A model-exchange method based on feature between isomerous CAD systems is put forward in this paper.In this method,CAD model information is accessed at both feature and geometry levels and converted according to standard feature opera- tion.The feature information including feature tree,dimensions and constraints,which will be lost in traditional data conver- sion,as well as geometry are converted completely from source CAD system to destination one.So the transferred model can be edit- ed through feature operation,which cannot be implemented by general model-exchange interface.


This study investigates the relationship between exchange rate and government expenditure on economic growth in China, India and Brazil. Using annual data of real gross domestic product, exchange rate and government
expenditure spanning from 1960 till 2010 is utilized for stationary test. This study found that seri es data are stationary in first differences for China, India and Brazil. Besides that, this study found cointegration between vati ables for Brazil and India.
Howevcr, there existed one to one relationship for China. On the other hand, the government policy or expenditure decide the effectiveness of aid in economic growth and exchange rate appreciation or depreciation. The relative significance of the variable is important for the policymakers to improve the conditions to enhance
the economic growth.


The ECO method was used to study the combinatorial objects of the Fine numbers,and the corresponding generating rules and generating trees were obtained.


Recent experimental work has shown that under rel- atively high density conditions, selected PAH cations associate efficiently with H atoms to form protonated PAH ions. If such association reactions occur efficiently under low density condi- tions, the protonated PAH ions can be considered as candidate molecular species in diffuse interstellar clouds. The high den- sity and low density processes are not the same, however, since at high density association proceeds by collisional stabilization while at low density it proceeds by radiative stabilization. In this paper, we show using theoretical techniques that for the cation C6H + , the laboratory results do not prove that the asso- ciation with H is efficient at low densities, whereas for C 10H + and most probably larger PAH cations, the radiative association with H is very efficient. For these latter cations, the competitive H-atom transfer channels (e.g. H+C 10H + ! C10H + +H 2), which can lead to catalytic formation of H2 by regeneration of the PAH cations, are probably not important.


The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and provides a dust remover for a copper product and a preparation method therefor. The dust remover for the copper product is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 12-16 parts of ethidene diamine, 12-16 parts of benzoic acid, 20-24 parts of isocaprylic acid, 10-14 parts of capric acid, 10-14 parts of cyclohexylamine, 8-16 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 6-10 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 7-11 parts of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 4-12 parts of modified thiourea, 6-14 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 6-16 parts of an acrylate emulsion, 10-14 parts of potassium sorbate, 8-12 parts of isopropanol and 20-24 parts of deionized water. The dust remover for the copper product is short in dust removing time and good in dust removal effect, and the copper product without rust is unlikely to be secondarily rusted. The dust remover for the copper product is wide in component source, simple in preparation process and suitable for being popularized in the field.


This exploratory quantitative study described school counselors' self-efficacy with English language learners. Findings suggest that school counselors with exposure to and experiences with English language learners have higher levels of self-efficacy. Statistically significant and practical differences in self-efficacy were apparent by race, U.S. region, size of English language learner population, and counselor training. This article presents implications for training and practice and recommendations for future research studies.


Abstract The present work expands the existing knowledge on M. mola ecology by assessing, for the first time, its abundance (and body size distribution) in the southern waters of Portugal and relating the associated temporal variations with environmental variables. There were significant seasonal differences in abundance, with peaks in spring and autumn and lower values throughout the summer. Ocean sunfish abundance was positively correlated with sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a, indicating that a combination of both temperature and productivity dictates spatial use. Complementarily, the absence of a relationship between abundance and water transparency may reveal a strategy in spatial use favouring a medium-term steady food supply over short-term improved feeding opportunities. Specimens ranged between 31.8 and 230.0 cm (total length), with 98% of all individuals measuring between 31.8 and 59.9 cm. As the vast majority of specimens analysed were immature, seasonal differences in abundance should not be related to spawning.


Optical-fiber-based supercontinuum (SC) light sources have attracted much research attention in recent years. High-quality nonlinear optical fibers allow us to readily implement stable and practical SC sources. In this work, we present a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (HN-PCF) in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and telecommunication windows that can generate SC spectra. The finite difference method with an anisotropic perfectly matched layer boundary condition is used to calculate different properties of the proposed HN-PCF. From numerical simulation results, it is found that the HN-PCF nonlinear coefficients are more than 108.0, 74.0, and 53.0 (W·km)-1 at 1.06, 1.31, and 1.55 µm, respectively. The flattened chromatic dispersion is 0 to -4.0 ps/(nm·km) in the wavelength range of 1.06 to 1.7 µm (640 nm bandwidth), and the confinement loss is lower than 10-2 dB/km in the entire wavelength range. The generated supercontinuum bandwidths are 295.0, 408.0, and 590.0 nm at 1.06, 1.31, and 1.55 µm, respectively. The calculated longitudinal resolutions for biomedical imaging are 1.2, 1.2, and 1.1 µm at 1.06, 1.31, and 1.55 µm, respectively.


Potential step chronoamperometry at microdisc electrodes is studied for a simple one electron reduction (A + e− ⇌ B). Simulations are used to explore quantitatively the effect of electrode kinetics on the current−time transients resulting from such measurements. The use of these transients to extract kinetic parameters, within the Butler−Volmer formulation, is discussed, and the procedure illustrated using the one electron electroreduction of oxygen in n-hexyltriethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([N6,2,2,2][NTf2]) as a model experimental system.


In view of the effects of structural system change as well as the ever increasing loads during erection phases, an approach to the stability analysis of the arch bridge is presented. A program is developed and it can predict the nonlinear buckling of the arch bridge. The elastic lateral stability and the geometric nonlinear influential factors of a long span arch bridge during the construction phases are analyzed. Such analyses have provided the theoretical basis for the construction of the long span arch bridge.


A simple solution method to identify buckling resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns during inelastic deformation is presented. Unlike conventional buckling solution methods, this proposed ...


This paper deals with continuous Markov models in order to evaluate the impact of safe failures on safety instrumented systems SIS. According to the standard IEC 61508, the main goal is to verify if the probability of failure on demand PFD upon which the safety integrity level SIL is built, and the safe failure fraction SFF, carry enough information to capture completely a SIS behavior.


Background  Cross‐sectional studies suggest insulin resistance is strongly associated with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), which might affect the efficacy of antiviral therapy.


The lithium–sulfur battery is a promising system for the future generation of rechargeable batteries. Its main advantages are the high theoretical capacity (1675 Ah kgS−1), high energy density (2500 Wh kgS−1), and low cost of sulfur. So far, the commercial application of this battery has been hindered by the reduced cycle-life. The isolating properties of sulfur as well as the formation of polysulfides in a complex reaction mechanism, which is not completely understood, are mainly causes for battery degradation.
This work is focused on the characterization of the Li–S battery by application of several characterization techniques under in situ and ex situ conditions. Using X–ray diffraction, the reaction of sulfur was monitored during discharge and charge, and the formation of nano–crystalline lithium sulfide as end product of discharge was identified for the first time in operando. The structural changes of sulfur and its partial amorphization were observed after charge and analyzed using the Rietveld method. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was applied during cycling to measure the impedance characteristics of the cell. For this, an electrical equivalent circuit was designed to describe specific physical and electrochemical process. Thus, the resistance of the electrolyte, the charge transfer resistance in the electrodes, as well as the reaction and dissolution of isolating products were simulated and quantified. The polysulfides, as well as S8 and Li2S, were investigated in an organic electrolyte using UV–vis spectroscopy. Here, the species S62− and S3•− were identified and semi–quantified at several states of discharge. Further characterization methods, like scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and thermal analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy were used to understand the degradation processes that caused morphological changes in the cathode.
The output obtained through the application of the different characterization techniques was compared with a physico–chemical model in order to obtain a deeper knowledge in the reaction mechanisms occurring in the battery. Moreover, through further developments on the fabrication process of the battery, main factors influencing the battery capacity were identified. Thereby, the capacity of the battery was increased from 275 Ah kgS−1 to 800 Ah kgS−1 (after 50 cycles, at a discharge rate of 0.18 C).


pseudomembranous colitis her symptoms rapidly resolved after treatment with vancomycin 10 mg/kg/day for seven days. In the two other patients given vancomycin the organism reappeared when the drug was stopped. The index case (case 1) continued to excrete Cl difficile intermittently throughout the period of the study. The other patients were unfortunately not followed up for persistent carriage after discharge. Two distinct antibiograms were generated by the isolated strains, which differed in sensitivity to penicillin and tetracycline. They were recovered from seven and four patients re-spectively, one patient being sequentially colonised by both. Our strains were distinguishable from 10 strains obtained from other centres in Britain. Epidemiological studies-The cubicles, patients' bedpans, and the unit's bedpan-washing machine were regularly screened for Cl difficile. It was repeatedly recovered from within the machine and on one bedpan used by a known case both before and after the washing cycle. It was not found in a further screen of bedpans and washing machines on other wards in the hospital. Impression cultures of nurses' hands and cultures of stools from all staff and other patients on the unit were negative when performed on two separate occasions.


This paper is concerned with some qualitative analysis for a coupled system of three reaction diffusion equations which arises from certain chemical reactions first discovered by Belousov and Zhabotinskii. The analysis includes the existence of a bounded global time-dependent solutions, the stability and instability of the zero solution, and the existence and nonexistence of a positive steady-state solution, including a global attractor of the system. The global existence and stability problem is determined by the method of upper and lower solutions, and the existence of a positive steady-state solution is based on the fixed point index


bones in the case o f humans. Kenny claims that while Aquinas mentions no proponent of the view he is attacking, it is "generally taken" that he has Avicenna in mind. But in fact, Avicenna is the source for Aquinas's own doctrine that undesignated matter is included in the definition along with form. It is Averroes who rejects this Avicennian doctrine, and by 138, Kenny does indeed begin to refer to the unnamed opponent as Averroes, apparently without noticing the shift he has made. It is clear, moreover, that Kenny believes the positions that Aquinas is citing in this article--which are rooted in rival interpretations of the text of Aristotle's Metaphysics Z--represent two differing positions on the soul-body relation itself. The result is that Averroes comes out looking like a dualist (although Aquinas repeatedly accuses him of reducing human nature to its animal component) and Avicenna like an opponent o f dualism, which he most certainly was not. The problem, of course, is that Aquinas alone was applying the more general metaphysical controversy between his Arabic predecessors to a problem in the philosophy of mind to which they themselves, unbeknownst to Kenny, did not apply it. So here both the positions of Aquinas's sources, and Aquinas's own originality, are misrepresented. Overall, Kenny's book, if read cautiously, can provide a useful first introduction to Aquinas's philosophy of mind for readers who lack any medieval background and who are most comfortable with the familiar approach of contemporary analytic philosophy. The book is clearly written and very approachable, and it is both critical and fair towards Aquinas, if not towards other medieval philosophers. But the lack of a broader historical sense ultimately undermines Kenny's ability to offer analytically trained readers a full appreciation of the sorts of concerns and issues that Aquinas attempts to face in the ST and other writings. There is a real need for studies of Aquinas that combine historical sensitivity and a critical spirit with an awareness of contemporary philosophical issues and approaches. Aquinas was indeed one of the greatest philosophers of the medieval period, but he was certainly not the only one, nor the first, and his own strengths and weaknesses cannot be fully appreciated without a balanced sense o f both his debt to other medieval thinkers and of his own originality. DEBORAH L. BLACK Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, Toronto


In the article, the data were given of the retrospective study of patients (n = 1 255) that have been operated on the occasion of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Multifocal atherosclerosis was revealed in 30,3 % what characterizes its high prevalence in patients with IHD in the European North of Russia. The original worked out algorithms for diagnosis and surgical treatment of this category of patients have been proposed.


Ethylmorphine is permitted internationally for therapeutic purposes where morphine is not indicated across the globe. nor-ethylmorphine a major metabolite of ethylmorphine. To differentiate the intake of morphine from ethylmorphine, nor-ethylmorphine stable reference material is desirable. There is no available commercial source and no data for reference material context for this substance. Therefore, nor-ethylmorphine. HCl was synthesized, characterized, and purity and potency were assessed using NMR, HRMS, FTIR, TGA, and HPLC. Purity and potency were found to be 98.29% and 96.40%, respectively, providing a fit for purpose reference material for doping control analysis in sports.


A dominant deformation mechanism in an isostatic pressure sintering process of a powder compact is known as power law creep. The deformation of a pore was predicted from the existing stress analysis based on power law creep assuming a hollow sphere and a hollow cylinder. The deformation at high temperature (T> 0.4 Tm) involves both power law creep and diffusion enhanced by mechanical stress. The analysis performed by previous investigators included only the deformation caused by power law creep. The analysis in this paper is considering for both the deformation caused by power law creep and diffusion in the final stage of the HIP process for a hollow sphere and hollow cylinder models. The contribution of the diffusion mechanism to the total densification is investigated. The experimental results published for CoO are compared with the analytical result for power law creep only and for power law creep and diffusion. The results show that the effect of diffusion on the total densification is insignificant for densities of the order of 80 percent of theoretical at low applied pressure, and for a small vacancy diffusion coefficient (Dv ). However, the contribution of diffusion is increased in the high densification region (ρ>0.95), with high applied stress and high Dv. It is concluded that the diffusion mechanism enhances the densification and its rate in the final stage of HIP process.


We determine the optimal strategy for investing in a Black-Scholes market in order to maximize the probability that wealth at death meets a bequest goal $b$, a type of goal-seeking problem, as pioneered by Dubins and Savage (1965, 1976). The individual consumes at a constant rate $c$, so the level of wealth required for risklessly meeting consumption equals $c/r$, in which $r$ is the rate of return of the riskless asset. Our problem is related to, but different from, the goal-reaching problems of Browne (1997). First, Browne (1997, Section 3.1) maximizes the probability that wealth reaches $b


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the influence of acute rhinosinusitis on lung function as measured by spirometry.

METHOD
An observational study in Danish general practice on 25 adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis and without any signs of chronic lung disease or allergy. Patients performed spirometry at the initial acute visit and then eight weeks later when the rhinosinusitis had resolved.

RESULTS
Eight weeks after the initial visit there was a significant increase in the maximum mid-expiratory flow (F25-75), and in peak flow.

CONCLUSION
Acute rhinosinusitis in adults without any sign of chronic lung disease or allergy is accompanied by a temporary reduction in maximum mid-expiratory flow and peak flow. This may be caused by subclinical inflammation in the airways during acute rhinosinusitis. Further studies with extended lung function measurements are needed to evaluate and confirm this finding.


This thematic issue focuses on important but understudied connections between cities and climate impacts of long-distance travel. While urbanization and urban density have climate change mitigation potential in short-distance travel (e.g., by reducing car use and supporting public transportation, walking, and cycling), they have been associated with a higher level of emissions from flights. This highlights the role that city-regions could potentially play in reducing climate impacts of aviation. At the same time, the development of airports and flight connections has been an important driver of economic growth at regional scale and a factor contributing to global competitiveness of city-regions. This thematic issue includes seven interesting articles focusing on different aspects of the theme, all of which are briefly presented in this editorial. We also lay down some suggestions for future research directions based on the findings presented in this thematic issue.


Spectral unmixing is an important task for remotely sensed hyperspectral data exploitation. It expresses each (possibly mixed) pixel of the hyperspectral image as a combination of spectrally pure substances (called endmembers) weighted by their corresponding abundances. The spectral unmixing chain usually consists of three main steps: 1) estimation of the number of endmembers in a scene; 2) automatic identification of the spectral signatures of these endmembers; and 3) estimation of the endmember abundances in each pixel of the scene. Over the last years, several algorithms have been developed for each part of the chain. In this paper, we develop a new algorithm which can perform the three steps of the unmixing chain (at once) for hyperspectral images with significant amount of noise. The proposed algorithm, which does not require a previous subspace identification step to estimate the number of endmembers, starts with an overestimated number of endmember and then iteratively removes the less relevant endmember detected by a collaborative regularization prior. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits very good performance when the number of endmember is not available a priori, a situation that is very common in practice.


Objective Assessing the 30 county labs on quality control in order to do well to the iodine salt monitoring network of all over country and insure accuracy of salt iodine measure.Methods Measure the salt iodine quality control copies using the direct titration method,evaluate the accuracy and comparability of the measure results.Results There are 16 labs's measure results in the quality control range,take 53.33% and 3 labs's measure results out of the quality control range,take 10%;most of all labs's measure results are besides on the collectivity mean,the wave range is rather small,and the accuracy and comparability are rather good.Conclusions The quality control system is quite necessary to ensure the accuracy of salt iodine measure results,the unquanlified labs need to strengthen the technical trains and quality management to further improve the technology level of salt iodine quantitative measurement.


Context: At the low accretion-rates typical for BL Lac-objects, magnetospheres of active galactic nuclei can develop vacuum gaps with strong electric fields accelerating charged seed particles parallel to the magnetic fields up to ultra-relativistic energies. The seed particles sustain electromagnetic cascades by inverse-Compton-scattering and subsequent pair-production in soft background-radiation-fields from the accretion-disk and/or photo-ionised clouds, along the direction of the primary particle beams.
Method: The one-dimensional kinetic equation describing this linear inverse-Compton-Klein-Nishina-pair-cascade is inferred. We have developed a novel code, that can numerically solve this kinetic equation for an ample variety of input-parameters. By this, quasi-stationary particle- and photon-spectra are obtained.
Application: We use the code to model the cascaded interaction of electrons, that have been accelerated in a vacuum gap in the magnetosphere of Mrk 501, with Lyman-alpha-photons. The resulting spectrum on top of a synchrotron-self-Compton-background can cause a narrow TeV-bump in the spectrum of Mrk 501.


Objective Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) is an important method for heart hemodynamics research. Traditionally the whole research process has to divide to the following two phases: firstly render the heart full-volume data from RT3DE and then find the optimal cutting planes of it with manual operation. Such procedure not only spent too much time but also difficultly to handle. Now, the new method could be used to implement the extraction on personal computer automatically. Methods With the help of the video card with graphic processing unit, we reconstruct the 3D image of the heart based on personal computer and demonstrate the improved entropy for the optimal cross section selection with correlation coefficient method. Results We have completed the whole process in C/C++, with the help of OpenGL Library. We also add some segment into the program to speed up the hardware with Cg language on GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). Conclusion This new method could satisfy the doctor's clinical need with the better veracity and higher cartography speed.


The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between ergonomic toward job performance at lower level management, PETRONAS Penapisan Melaka. An ergonomics has three elements which are Office Setting, Office Furniture, Office Equipment. The sample was randomly selected from lower level management at PETRONAS Penapisan Melaka using the probability sampling strategy. The simple random sampling (SRS) technique was choosen to select the sample size. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.00 to simultaneously measure the relationship of three independents variables toward job perfonnance in the organization. The questionnaire was distributed 150 set to the respondents and only 130 were returns back by the respondents. As a conclusion, the three independent variables of ergonomic had relationship toward job perfonnance of lower level management at PETRONAS Penapisan Melaka. The findings concluded that, there is significant relationship between ergonomic toward job perfomance.


Disclosed is for embedded systems, and to a communication apparatus having a high-speed data processing capabilities for that device. A MAC processor communication device includes a hardware TCP / IP processing unit and socket determining means. When sending data, if the data to be transmitted is hardware processing data set in advance, and transferred directly to the application interface unit the data to the hardware TCP / IP processing unit without via the OS, the hardware TCP / IP processing unit to process the TCP / IP protocol of the transmission data, if it data to be transmitted is not a said hardware processing data is common data, the OS software of the TCP / IP protocol treated with method. When receiving data in the case where the socket determining means determines that the hardware processing data previously set the received data, the hardware TCP / IP processing means processes the TCP / IP protocol of the received data directly to the and, directly interface the received data to the application, the socket determining means may determine the received data is not the data of the hardware processing port number, the OS is interfaced to process the software TCP / IP protocol . .Field


4 This paper proposes a waste input-output model at the substance 5 level (WIOS) that considers the substance composition of wastes. Be6 cause the change of substance composition in the waste treatment pro7 cesses potentially affects the life cycle inventory of waste treatment, 8 the proposed model is expected to obtain more accurate results than 9 the hybrid models that did not consider the substance composition. 10 In addition, this model provides a method to trace the substances 11 of waste in treatment processes by using hybrid input-output model. 12 For illustration, the WIOS is applied to wastewater treatment. The 13 calculation result shows that the change of substance composition sig14 nificantly affects the total environmental loads caused by wastewater 15 treatment. This result is different with the simulation result given by 16 ∗The Center for Economic Research, Shandong University †School of Economics, Central University of Finance and Economics 1 current existing hybrid input-output models that did not consider the 1 change of substance composition in wastewater. 2


We study the classical and quantum theory of a class of nonlinear differential equations on chronology violating spacetime models in which space consists of finitely many discrete points. Classically, in the linear and weakly nonlinear regimes (for generic choices of parameters) we prove existence and uniqueness of solutions corresponding to initial data specified before the dischronal region; however, uniqueness (but not existence) fails in the strongly coupled regime. The evolution preserves the symplectic structure.
The quantum theory is approached via the quantum initial value problem (QIVP); that is, by seeking operator-valued solutions to the equation of motion with initial data representing the canonical (anti)commutation relations. Using normal operator ordering, we construct solutions to the QIVP for both Bose and Fermi statistics (again for generic choice of parameters) and prove that these solutions are unique. For models with two spatial points, the resulting evolution is unitary; however, for a more general model the evolution fails to preserve the (anti)commutation relations and is therefore nonunitary. We show that this nonunitary evolution cannot be described using a superscattering operator with the usual properties.
We present numerical evidence to show that the bosonic quantum theory can pick out a unique classical limit for certain ranges of the coupling strength, even when there are many classical solutions. We show that the quantum theory depends strongly on the choice of operator ordering.
In addition, we show that our results differ from those obtained using the ``self-consistent path integral''. It follows that the path integral evolution does not correspond to a solution of the equation of motion.


The natural language processing has a set of phases that evolves from lexical text analysis to the pragmatic one in which the author's intentions are shown. The ambiguity problem appears in all of these tasks. Previous works tries to do word sense disambiguation, the process of assign a sense to a word inside a specific context, creating algorithms under a supervised or unsupervised approach, which means that those algorithms use or not an external lexical resource. This paper presents an approximated approach that combines not supervised algorithms by the use of a classifiers set, the result will be a learning algorithm based on unsupervised methods for word sense disambiguation process. It begins with an introduction to word sense disambiguation concepts and then analyzes some unsupervised algorithms in order to extract the best of them, and combines them under a supervised approach making use of some classifiers.


This experimental study investigated the effect of the native language on learner's L2 visual and auditory working memory spans and the difference between them.Results showed:(1) The L1 visual/auditory spans across Chinese,Japanese,German,and Spanish learners of English were approximately identical.While the visual span score of the Chinese learners was significantly lower than those of the German and Spanish learners,those of the auditory spans of the Chinese and Japanese learners were significantly lower than those of the German and Spanish learners.(2) In learners of all nationalities,the spans ranking from highest to lowest were L1 auditory,L1 visual,L2 visual,and L1 auditory.(3) The difference between L2 visual and auditory spans in Chinese and Japanese learners was significantly more obvious than that in German and Spanish learners,and the case of the German learners was significantly less obvious than that of the Spanish learners.That is,the native language had an effect on the difference between learner's L2 visual and auditory spans.Besides,cognitive style and practice modality both had significant but weak correlations with such difference.In sum,the distance between L1 and L2 has an effect on both the learner's L2 visual and auditory working memory spans and the difference between them.


In order to solve task 2 of the KDD Cup 2002, we exploited various available information sources. In particular, use of relational information describing the interactions among genes and information automatically extracted from scientific abstracts improves the accuracy of our predictions.


PURPOSE: An image processing apparatus, a service providing server, and an information providing method using the same are provided to supply various user convenient broadcast services through a communication network. CONSTITUTION: A communications unit(121) performs communication with a service providing server(110) for providing a broadcast service. An image processing unit(122) performs image processing for the broadcast service. An output unit(123) outputs information about the broadcast service. A control unit(124) transmits user information and view information of an image processing apparatus(120) to the service providing server. The control unit receives recommendation information from the service providing server.


This paper deals with model predictive control of continuous-time piecewise affine (CTPWA) systems. First, the finitehorizon optimal control problem of CTPWA systems is reduced, with certain suboptimality, to the optimization problem of mode sequences and intermediate state sequences. Next, an implementation method based on a precomputation technique is proposed. In the offline phase, this method computes, for every mode sequence, the set of feasible initial states and a lower bound of the cost function associated with it. Then at each sampling time in the online phase, the controller determines the optimal mode sequence and the optimal intermediate state sequence over a prediction horizon, taking advantage of the precomputed information. By effectively distributing the computation over the offline phase and the online phase, real-time control is achieved, striking a good balance between the amount of precomputed data and the online computation time. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been evaluated with a simple exapmle of CTPWA systems by numerical simulations.


In earthworks, the effect of environmental conditions on compacted soil behaviour is usually complex. One of the major difficulties comes from the coupling of hydraulic and mechanical loadings. This technical note presents some experimental results on compaction and drying–wetting curves in four diagrams: (w, e), (s, e), (w, Sr), (s, Sr), providing a global representation and better understanding of the behaviour of clayey soil under these conditions. The note also presents a comparison of hydraulic and mechanical loadings. In terms of water transfer, hydraulic loading enhances water exchange with the environment, whereas mechanical loading compresses the volume of voids under nearly constant water content conditions. Concerning the fabric, mechanical loading alters both the diameter and the volume of inter-aggregate pores, whereas hydraulic loading affects only the volume. Finally, the comparison highlights how hydraulic and mechanical loadings enhance the saturation of soil in opposite ways in the degre...


Motives: The article combines the problems of Polish agriculture in terms of its fragmentation and its negative impact on the environment.
Aim: The article's purpose is to characterise the relationship between the widely promoted land consolidation and the number of organic farms.
Results: The statistical analysis was performed on the basis of data published by the Polish Central Statistical Office and Eurostat. The basic measures of descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the log-linear form regression for the share of organic farms in the general structure were used. The article proposes a synthetic index of agricultural fragmentation. Based on the analyses, it was found that there is a statistically significant relationship between land consolidation (both in the EU and in Poland) and the number of organic farms.


A Thesis in the Department of GENERAL AND APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY.
Faculty of Social-Sciences
University of Jos.
Submitted to the School of Postgraduate Studies
University of Jos, in partial fufillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of


A NUMBER of recent reports have suggested that some patients with chronic fat malabsorption have spinocerebellar degeneration secondary to a severe and prolonged deficiency of vitamin E. The clinic...


Was conducted a study of the features of modern simulation software (MSS) in order to clarify the patterns underlying the information technology of these tools. The issue of the application of simulation systems regarding the aspects of extraction, accumulation, generalization and use of reliable information becomes a priority. It was established that obtaining the most effective version of the decision, during the simulation of the process of its adoption, is possible on the basis of the improvement of the intelligence information support system. The results of the study show that the main direction of solving this problem is the information and technical unification of all intelligence information systems of the means of armed struggle into the integration information space of databases for their presentation to users of simulation systems in a unified form.


Summary

In this paper, we formalize the linearized inverse scattering problem for a general anisotropic, elastic medium and describe two approaches to the construction of a stable inversion procedure. The first uses generalized Radon inversion and requires extra information limiting the independent variation of material parameters. The second uses a stationary phase approximation and requires extra information to the effect that the medium is everywhere locally stratified with known dip.

The point of common departure is the single-scattering or Born approximation to the scattered field in perfectly elastic media.

The formalism is simple to outline: the medium being modelled (or reconstructed) is thought of as a perturbation of a simpler, known, background medium. We are to find the unknown medium perturbation, given the scattered field, which is defined as the difference between the actual (total) field and the background field that would have been present if the actual medium were replaced by the background medium. If the background medium is sufficiently smooth, the background field can be well approximated within the framework of ray theory for elastic waves. If the background medium is sufficiently close to the actual medium, the scattered field can be well approximated by an integral involving the background field and linear in the medium perturbation (the Born approximation).

Within this regime we show how to find which combinations of parameters can be determined for a given arrangement of sources and receivers (acquisition geometry). Many expressions simplify when sources and receivers coincide (zero-offset), but then only one parameter may be reconstructed.

At several points we use 'generalized' linear inversion, implemented through a singular-value decomposition, which enables us to find and rank the best-determined linear combinations of the unknown parameters.

Our first method of inversion depends upon the inversion formula for the generalized Radon transform (GRT) to leading order asymptotically for high spatial frequencies. Our second method benefits from the use of further information to the effect that the medium has a locally stratified microstructure within which the medium properties vary rapidly ∈ the direction normal to the local layering, and, assuming that the orientation of the layering can be estimated separately, the scattering problem becomes locally 1-D and the inversion procedure reduces to an amplitude versus (scattering) angle (AVA) analysis.


OBJECTIVE To develop an HPLC-UV method to determine Pazufloxacin mesilate in human plasma and study the pharmacokinetics profiles of domestic Pazufloxacin mesilate injections in healthy volunteers.METHODS A single dose of injection of domestic Pazufloxacin mesilate was given to 12 healty volunteers respectively. Pazufloxacin mesilate concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC method.The pharmacokinetic parameters of Pazufloxacin mesilate were obtained by statistical analysis DAS 1.0.RESULTS The main pharmacokinetic parameters of single preparations were as follows:C_(max) was 9.83±2.52 mg·L~(-1),T_(max) was 0.50 h,AUC_(0-tn) was 18.99±4.15 mg·h·L~(-1),T_(1/2β) was 2.67±0.31 h,Cl/F was 23.73±3.81 L·h~(-1) and V/F was 1.16±0.31 L·kg~(-1).CONCLUSION The procedure of single injection of Pazufloxacin mesilate in vivo followed two compartment model.There was no significant difference between male and female volunteers in pharmacokinetics parameters except AUC.


The semihydrostatic model has been developed in order to assess the mechanical toads acting on heat-generating ILW(Q) and HTGR fuel element waste packages to be emplaced in vertical boreholes according to the borehole technique in underground rock salt formations. For the experimental validation of the theory, laboratory test stands reduced in scale are set up to simulate the bottom section of a repository borehole. A comparison of the measurement results with the data computed by the model, a correlation between the test stand results, and a systematic determination of material-typical crushed salt parameters in a separate research project will serve to derive a set of characteristic equations enabling a description of real conditions in a future repository.


Indexing and searching collections of handwritten archival documents and manuscripts has always been a challenge because handwriting recognizers do not perform well on such noisy documents. Given a collection of documents written by a single author (or a few authors), one can apply a technique called word spotting. The approach is to cluster word images based on their visual appearance, after segmenting them from the documents. Annotation can then be performed for clusters rather than documents. Given segmented pages, matching handwritten word images in historical documents is a great challenge due to the variations in handwriting and the noise in the images. We describe investigations into a number of different matching techniques for word images. These include shape context matching, SSD correlation, Euclidean Distance Mapping and dynamic time warping. Experimental results show that dynamic time warping works best and gives an average precision of around 70% on a test set of 2000 word images (from ten pages) from the George Washington corpus. Dynamic time warping is relatively expensive and we will describe approaches to speeding up the computation so that the approach scales. Our immediate goal is to process a set of 100 page images with a longer term goal of processing all 6000 available pages.


This study presents the flame characteristics of laminar cross-flow non-premixed biogas-air flames established in a boundary layer using ANSYS Fluent. The validated numerical model is comprehensive enough to include variable thermo-physical properties, multi-component diffusion, short chemical kinetics mechanism, and optically thin approximation-based radiation model. Fuel is injected at a uniform velocity and the air is supplied perpendicular to it. Predicted and the in-house experimental biogas flames are qualitatively compared in terms of flame extents. The fuel flow rate has been varied from 0.02 m/s to 0.04 m/s to study the effects of power rating on the flame characteristics. At a given fuel flow rate, the airflow rate is incremented in steps to study the effects of forced convection on the characteristics and stability of the flames. Furthermore, the effects of the length of the flat plate upstream of the leading edge of the fuel injector plate on the flame anchoring location have been studied. The structure and characteristics of the reactive boundary layer are explained by using fields of temperature, velocity, mass fractions of major species, stoichiometric equivalence ratio, and Damköhler number. The reactive boundary layer fueled by methane is compared with that of biogas.


Three enantiopure isostructural sandwich-type clusters, Ln(III)(3)Mn(III)(6) (Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2) and Gd (3)) have been synthesized through reactions of a chiral Schiff-base ligand ((S,E)-4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid, H(3)L) with manganese and lanthanide ions, showing intramolecular antiferromagnetic interaction.


the real problem is finitude rather than sin, the real solution inevitable dialectical progress rather than divine redemption. His general verdicts on their treatments of specific Christian doctrines range from minimal or inadequate to wholly ignored. A slight weakness of the book is that at times the author seems to argue by the mere posing of rhetorical questions, his criticisms taking the form of challenges given or gaps pointed out, rather than flaws or inconsistencies uncovered. But with so many different authors and positions covered in such a short space, the wonder always remains whether these philosophers, who after all each wrote several long works, might not yet be able to make good these gaps. For instance, Caird's identification of the unity underlying the distinction between subject and object with the God of religion is dismissed in one paragraph as mere fiat. A fuller consideration might well come to the same result, but would need to consider his attempt to link these two together via the common notion of'dying to live'. Of course, whether British Idealism is compatible with Christianity depends on one's precise view of what Christianity is, and in the end it seems that on this point Sell's overall sympathies lie in a quite different direction from those of the philosophers he is writing about, but despite that it must be said that he is never dogmatic in his own views and always patiently courteous in putting forward those of even the most 'attenuated' of Christian Idealists.


The issue of military trauma has a long history and whether due to general public misconception, attitudinal barriers amongst soldiers themselves, or an unwillingness on the part of states to acknowledge their role in contributing to this trauma – the depths of it have largely gone unrecognized (Boone, 2011; Burstow, 2005; Caplan, 2013). As a diagnostic category, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was first included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) in 1980. Since that time, and especially in recent years, there has been a trend in military and activist circles to de-stigmatize PTSD, and to increase access to and funding for psychiatric 'treatment' for soldiers who've received the diagnosis.  Though such campaigns may seem positive at first blush, there are serious problems with the way military trauma is currently being viewed, assessed and 'psychiatrized.' The very notion of PTSD itself is profoundly paradoxical, and the vast majority of "treatment" approaches it engenders are inadequate and ineffective (Finkle, 2013; Hoge, 2011; Smith & True, 2014). This paper argues that the ideas brought forth by cultural anthropologist and interdisciplinary educator Ernest Becker (especially those related to culture, heroism, and immortality striving), provide a useful framework for exploring military culture and specifically the difficulties associated with veterans' transitions out of it; or, what Balfour (2009) has termed the "secondary trauma of return." This research will be of interest to anyone who feels we need new, interdisciplinary and creative approaches to helping veterans and other groups consisting of participants for whom notions of masculinity, culture, and trauma are intricately intertwined.


Divergence in the actual practices and policy goals often leads to ineffective policy implementation. Shedding light on this issue, this study intends to enrich the debate on the adaptation to climate change, which includes farm-level adaptation practices in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka and enabled policies. The study involved analysing the farm level adaptation practices and the factors influencing actual adaptation practices adopted by employing a Multinomial Logit Model. The study used primary data collected from Sri Lanka Environmental and Agricultural Decision-Making Survey. The impact of perception of climate change on adaptation techniques was measured by developing an index on Climate Change Perception. The index was generated as a composite of multiple statements related to climate change by utilising Multiple Correspondence Analysis. The results revealed that cultivating other field crops and short duration seed varieties increased with climate change awareness. Further income, education, age, cost, and irrigation scheme affect choosing the adaptation practices. A comparison of climate change adaptation practices adopted by farmers with the program goals shows a mismatch between farmers' perceptions and the adaptation practices promoted by the government. This study proposes to consider the grassroots level scenario before developing policies and that programs have to be developed and implemented based on adaptation practices preferred at the ground level.


The construction and development of institutional repository of university library is one of the topic of general interest.Some legal issues have greatly reduced the authors' incentive and initiative to participate in the construction of the institutional repository.After analyzing some legal issues of institutional repository,including thesis archiving,copyright licenses,IR software issues.In order to motivate the enthusiasm of the participatants,some solutions have also been presented in the article: introducing rational use-principles;issuing the national licenses,signing the agreement for information-sharing.


Currently there are several software tools that serve as a teaching resource in the teaching and learning of structured algorithms at a higher level. However, the vast majority only emphasizes the design and testing of algorithms. In this paper we propose new software, based on problem-solving heuristics of Polya, which supports the phases of analysis and problem statement, besides the complete design and test trace. Qualitative analysis is performed between the proposed software and three other widely used tools at a higher level. The structure and function of the proposed software helps students acquire, practice and exercise the ability to solve problems methodically through structured algorithmic solutions


Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant pharmacologically related to amphetamines frequently used in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Haemorrhagic stroke is a rare but well-known potential side-effect of amphetamine abuse, however, cerebral ischaemia has been reported casuistically (Rothrock et al., 1988). Here, we present incidence of a reversible ischaemic neurological deficit during short-term methylphenidate treatment.


This paper is concerned with the analysis of consensus multi-agent networked system. Adopted in the analysis is the finite-level logarithmic quantizer, for the transmission of the networked-agents state. Two protocols are utilised in the analysed multi-agent networked system: the consensus protocol, which is determined from the outputs and states of a set of encoder-decoder pair that is employed in the system, and convergence rate protocol that is precisely characterized via the use of a dynamic scaling factor. With information exchange among neighbouring agents, the asymptotic consensus can be reached. The proof of protocols is based on proper selection of parameters of the logarithmic quantizer chosen for the connected network. As a demonstration of the validity of the protocols, a four-agent networked system is used. It is shown that an undirected network exchange of information via a communication channel that is equipped with a set of encoder and decoder can lead to attainment of estimates of neighbour state protocol for the networked system. Furthermore, desired asymptotic convergence can be reached through appropriate choice of parameters of the logarithmic quantizer.


A video display device comprises a light source, a display element, an illumination prism, and an ocular optical assembly. The light source emits an illumination light. The display element modulates the illumination light and emits same as a video light. The illumination light which is emitted from the light source enters the illumination prism. An emission face emits the illumination light toward the display element. A reflection face reflects to the emission face the illumination light which enters from an input face. The ocular optical assembly transmits the video light which is emitted from the display element. The illumination prism forms an image of the light source in an arbitrary first plane which includes a center light beam which is closer to a display element side than an ocular plane. The illumination prism forms an image of the light source in a second plane either in the ocular plane or near the ocular plane.


A Singapore-based short story for the Raffles Hotel Group, Singapore and RAFFLES Magazine, a quality journal offered in each suite and room of the 15 Raffles luxury hotels around the world. https://www.raffles.com/promo/magazine/

Raffles Singapore is the original hotel in the Raffles Hotel group and the most prestigious. The story was the outcome of a 'Writer-in-Residence' invitation. Tagline: "After a stay at Raffles Hotel Singapore, award-winning author Alison MacLeod took inspiration from the beautiful surroundings for our latest specially commissioned story."

The story was commissioned/refereed by the RAFFLES Magazine (International) and The London Illustrated News editorial panels.

ISSUE 6. Summer 2017.

See 'Welcome' and 'Contributors', pp. 4-5. 'The Auspicious Hour', pp. 78-85.


We aimed to explore cancer risk and prevention perceptions, information access, and source credibility evaluation about cancer risk and prevention in adults in an Eastern cultural context (China). We conducted 32 in-depth interviews in two Chinese cities: Shanghai and Wuhan, from September 2016 to January 2017. Though not fully supported by scientific evidence, our findings showed that stress was among the top five concerns in the participants' perceptions of cancer risk and prevention. Obesity and infectious agents, significant cancer risks for Chinese populations, did not receive so much attention among the participants. Principles of Eastern culture, such as change, contradiction, and holism, were reflected in the participants' interpretations and understandings of cancer risk and prevention. Beliefs in fate or destiny, as associated with Eastern culture, were also apparent in the strongly fatalistic views towards cancer prevention of some participants. Individual responsibility for cancer risk, rather than collective responsibility (such as government or society), was emphasised by participants. Except for personal social networks, the information channels where the participants frequently accessed cancer risk and prevention information (the media) were completely different from the information channels they trusted (healthcare system). Our findings provide useful references for cancer risk and prevention communication and education in China.


Abstract. The distribution of H2O in the ocean is simulated using an oceanic general circulation model (GCM). Surface isotopic fluxes prescribed to this model are derived from an atmospheric GCM, which ensures their consistency. The oceanic GCM is initialized with an homogeneous composition, and mixes its isotopic gradients so as to equilibrate with the atmosphere. A good agreement is found between observations and simulation concerning i) the interbasin H 2 O gradients, especially the Atlantic being more enriched than the Pacific, as well as the meridional gradients; and ii) the H2 O salinity relationship.


The oxidation of hydrocarbons is of great significance for the chemical industry as it provides access to valuable functionalized chemicals. The oxidation of cyclohexene has raised much interest because it enables the direct synthesis of adipic acid, which is an important building block in polymer chemistry. However, the selective oxidation of cyclohexene is rather challenging due to its two reactive centers so that epoxidation or allylic oxidation may occur leading to a variety of products. Whether the oxidation takes place at the allylic C−H bond or at the C=C bond is strongly influenced by the chosen oxidant and catalyst, and different reaction mechanisms can occur. Therefore, this concept article aims at giving a broad overview of the recent advances in the selective cyclohexene oxidation over heterogeneous transition metal‐based catalysts using environmentally benign oxidants like tert‐butyl hydroperoxide, H2O2 and molecular O2.


When it awoke on the morning of 1 January 1973 as a full member of the European Economic Community (EEC), the British public was deeply ambivalent. In a poll taken from 3–7 January 1973, 36 per cent of the public reported being 'quite or very pleased'; 33 per cent were 'quite or very displeased' and an astonishing 20 per cent purported to be 'indifferent' (the remaining 11 per cent were undecided, but not indifferent). Even so, fully 51 per cent believed it would be a good thing for them and 66 per cent felt that it would be good for their children. Overall, Britons were not enthused about joining the EEC, with only a third pleased with the outcome, yet the majority – perhaps grudgingly – recognised that it was probably in the best interests of the country, particularly for its economic future. The Prime Minister Edward Heath did not share this ambivalence. Claiming in his autobiography that the Conservative victory in the October 1971 debate was his 'greatest success as Prime Minister' and that signing the Treaty of Accession in January 1972 was the 'proudest moment in my life', he later wrote of his 'thrill [that] setting out to establish a peaceful Europe had come to fruition'. He was not the only one to feel a sense of great accomplishment. One member of the cabinet described a 'mood of euphoria in the Establishment'. On the night of the 1971 vote in Parliament, Harold Macmillan lit a bonfire of celebration on the cliffs of Dover, and David Heathcoat-Amery – who was later to become a leading Eurosceptic in the Conservative Party – cracked open a bottle of champagne. Margaret Thatcher, who by this point had experienced a rapid rise through the parliamentary ranks to become Secretary of State for Education, was 'wholeheartedly in favour of British entry', although became somewhat concerned about the 'psychological effect [entry had] on Ted Heath. His enthusiasm for Europe had already developed into a passion. As the years went by it was to become an obsession'.


A line extractor network for binary images is presented utilizing the basic principles of the Petri-net architecture as the framework. A brief introduction to the Petri-net formalism describes the terminology, structure, and execution control required for general network definition. The authors discuss the line extractor network in terms of basic Petri-net notation and identify the required extensions to the formalism contained within the proposed network. Simulation results for several input line patterns provide an indication of the network performance to identify lines of various lengths, widths, and orientations contained within a binary image. Remarks include a comparison with other line detection methods and hardware requirements for networks implementation.<<ETX>>


A device for measuring at least one characteristic of the skin of a subject comprising: - a flexible arm (1) extending between first and second ends (11, 12) of which one at least is connected to a support (2), the flexible arm (1) having an upper face (13) and an underside (14) with a support member (3) to be in contact with the skin of the subject, - a biasing device (4) adapted to deform by bending the flexible arm (1) so that said supporting member (3; 9) applies a predetermined force on the subject's skin, and- a device for measuring the displacement of flexible arm (1).


When David Threlfall's daughter, Charlotte, is born, what should be cause for celebration swiftly becomes a nightmare: arriving at just twenty-five weeks, Charlotte may not survive, and David is forced to confront the precarity of his imagined future amidst the precarity of a global pandemic. (Melbourne)


The information construction of colleges and universities is the universities high attention problems. It has become the important measures to strengthen school force and improve the level of school-running. In addition, it is one of the important criteria to evaluate education modernization level and comprehensive strength of school-running. In colleges and universities information construction, although now there has made a lot of achievements, due to the lack of teaching resources, shortage of funds, not fully utilization of equipment, etc., to a great extent, all of these restrict the development of university informatization. Based on the current situation of college informatization development, the paper analyzes the value of application of cloud computing in the information construction of colleges and universities and proposes the construction scheme of cloud computing in colleges and universities.


Moose is an important traditional food for members of the Swan River First Nation (SRFN), located in northern Alberta, Canada. As industrial development is encroaching on First Nations' traditional territories in northern Alberta, community members are growing increasingly concerned for the sustainability and safety of their traditional foods. The Alberta Special Waste Treatment Centre (ASWTC) is an industrial incineration facility located in the core of SRFN's traditional territory. An accidental release at the ASWTC in 1996 resulted in a significant discharge of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to the environment. In addition to this accident, the ongoing operation of the ASWTC is linked to routine low-level emissions of PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs). Since the 1996 release, levels of PCBs and PCDD/Fs have been measured in wild game tissues and the provincial government has issued consumption advisories. This study was undertaken to provide answers to the community regarding food safety and was designed to address concerns regarding PCB and PCDD/F concentrations in moose tissues. Samples of moose muscle (n=15), liver (n=13) and kidney (n=14) were collected as part of regular food harvesting activities of the SRFN in the summer and fall of 2015 and generously shared by the SRFN hunters and harvesters to allow for their inclusion into the study. A risk assessment approach was used to evaluate the potential risks to human health using hazard quotients (HQ). All HQs were below the benchmark level of 0.2 for a single pathway exposure. The results show that PCB and PCDD/F concentrations in moose tissues were low and comparable to those of meats available in Canadian supermarkets. Based on results from this study, community exposure to PCBs and PCDD/Fs from the consumption of moose tissue is low and consumption may continue at quantities documented in regional studies.


Agreement with the four statements below is widespread and often leads people to conclude that prisons should stop their efforts to prepare offenders for a successful reentry into society.


The static permittivity e of liquid and solid cyclopentanol has been determined as a function of temperature (+ 50 to - 80 °C) and pressure (up to 3 kbar). From these and PVT data the Kirkwood correlation factor g has been calculated. Plots of g as a function of temperature intersect at g = 2.6 and at the "cross-over-temperature" of 30 °C. The calculations have also been extended to the plastic phases (SI, SII) of cyclopentanol, because their permittivity (especially that for SII) exceeds that for the liquid considerably. There is a drastic decrease of e to values about 2.5 at a lower SII/SIII transition. The increase of e at the freezing point is larger as should be expected according to the Onsager equation. The temperature dependence of g at constant volume is negative. Also the dielectric relaxation has been studied for the plastic phases of cyclopentanol up to frequencies of 10 MHz. The complex permittivity has been evaluated with the help of the Cole-Cole equation, showing only a small deviation from a simple Debye-mechanism (α ≤ 0.05). The relaxation times τ about 1000 bar vary from 10−5 s (-70°C) to 3 · 10−8 s (- 10°C) in solid cyclopentanol, τ being discontinuous at the SI/SII transition. Activation volumes (5–7 cm3 mol−1) and activation energies (40 kJ mol−1) have been derived from the pressure and temperature dependence if τ.


We report the optoelectronic properties of In‐rich In1‐xGaxN samples grown on sapphire substrates by MBE. Optical properties were determined by photoluminescence spectroscopy at temperatures between T = 10 K and 300 K. The results indicate that the PL peak energy has very weak temperature dependence and the optical absorption edge energy increases with increasing Ga content as previously reported in the literature. In this paper we suggest that this observation might be explained in terms of strong carrier localization due to a large compositional inhomogeneity. Hall measurements were also performed at temperatures between T = 77 K and 300 K. All intentionally undoped samples were n‐type and increasing Ga content reduced the electron mobility associated with reduced crystalline quality. The weak temperature dependence of the electron mobility is explained in terms of enhanced screening effect between electrons and optical phonons.


Six ontogenic stages of Paraspidoceras ( Paraspidoceras ) helymense (Gemmellaro) are recognized within the newly collected material in southern Spain. The occurrences of this species appear to be limited to the Middle Oxfordian of the Mediterranean and of adjoining parts of the Submediterranean province.


Aiming at the problem that nail's melting time in slab isn't been taken into consideration for measuring method of solidified shell by nail-shooting technique,the mathematical model of heat transfer for nail in slab is built,and the process of nail melting in slab is simulated by the finite element software MSC.Marc.The revising method and formula are proposed.The differences 0.5% and 1.2% for solidification coefficient and solidification ending fore and after revising are analyzed by instance.It shows the calculation of solidification coefficient and solidification ending is more exact due to adapting the revised method.


Based on conventional structure of the monopole planar antenna, a semicircle monopole pla- nar antenna with a circle-shaped slot is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is fed by microstrip line, The proposed antenna is fed by microstrip line. Effects of varying the structure of the ground and monopole patch on the antenna performance have been studied. It is shown that the proposed antenna can be operated from 2 to 12 GHz,bandwidths in excess of 140%can be achieved.


In the article we will consider humor from positions of the theory mental, and also cognitive modeling of a portrait of the addressee.


Objectives: 1) Outline onabotulinumtoxinA (onaBTX-A) injection dose and frequency trends in adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD) patients. 2) Assess correlations between onaBTX-A injection dose, duration of breathiness, time to therapeutic onset, percent maximal benefit obtained, and duration of benefit. Methods: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Tertiary academic care center. Subjects and Methods: 686 patients with spasmodic dysphonia (SD) were treated with 6345 BTX injections between 1989 and 2013. This included 630 AdSD and 56 AbSD patients further subdivided into subgroups based on presence of vocal tremor (VT) and injection laterality. Injection frequency, dosing, laterality, and background demographic data were recorded in addition to subjective onaBTX-A injection responses. Results: AdSD patients' symptom onset and injections began at an older age than AbSD patients (52.5; 60.6 years vs. 43.7; 50.0 years respectively; P = 0.0008) and had VT more frequently (P= 0.0012). For the 380 AdSD patients (+/- VT) receiving over six injections, the average total onaBTX-A dose was 5.0 units, which remained stable up to 15 years (year 15 dose mean= 5.29, std dev= 5.07). Using Pearson's correlation coefficients, there was no significant positive or negative correlation between onaBTX-A dose and percent maximal benefit (p=0.760), duration of breathiness (P = 0.618), dysphagia duration (P = 0.142), benefit duration (P = 3622), or time to therapeutic onset (P = 0.618). Conclusions: Spasmodic dysphonia is effectively treated according to patient subjective response; however, more refined longitudinal analysis is needed to show if any objective correlation between injection dose and outcomes are present. Treatment methods and outcomes as described should aid others in developing best practice patterns.


Sir, We are grateful to Mitchell and Robinson for their comments on our report because they allowed us to clarify that we advocate that a case finding for celiac disease (CD) should not be limited to pregnant women with 'celiac crisis' but should also include those with extra-gastrointestinal disorders, potentially gluten-related (1) induced by autoimmune mechanism (2). The different experience reported by Mitchell and Robinson on presentation of CD in pregnancy in comparison with what we observed may depend on a difference in clinical setting, which is likely to reflect subtle differences in referral behavior. An increased awareness of physicians not only for persistent hematological and/or gastrointestinal abnormalities but for autoimmune disorders in pregnant women can induce an increase of the CD diagnosis rate, especially in countries with a reported low prevalence of the disease. Giuseppe Magazzù Concetta Sferlazzas Francesco Corrado


This express brief addresses the voltage collapse problem in direct-current (dc) networks by using a recursive heuristic search algorithm based on the Newton–Raphson method. The determinant of the Jacobian matrix in the Newton–Raphson method is used as a sensitivity index to determine the maximum power consumption of the dc network. The recursive solution approach corresponds to a sequential power flow approach by incrementing all values of the power consumptions uniformly. Simulation results validate the efficiency of the proposed method in comparison to the large-scale nonlinear solvers available in the general algebraic modeling system optimization package. The MATLAB programming environment was employed for implementing the proposed recursive Newton–Raphson method.


In this work, adsorption of hydrogen on Al13 clusters has been investigated theoretically using the density functional theory (DFT) approach. We have performed geometry optimization of atomic and molecular hydrogen in the proximity of Al13 and calculated the binding energy and electronic properties of the stable Al13+Hn assemblies. We have also calculated the energy barrier for the hydrogen atom transition between different adsorption sites on Al13 cluster as well as the activation energy for the dissociation and adsorption of molecular hydrogen. We found that the hydrogen atom adsorbs on the surface of Al13 cluster, without an energy barrier onto atop, bridge and hollow sites. A small barrier for H atom transition from one adsorption site to another together with the minor energy difference between the most stable isomers points towards high mobility of the hydrogen atom on the surface. The calculated dissociation–adsorption barrier for the hydrogen molecule of ∼14 kcal/mol and a desorption barrier of ∼19 kcal/mol together with a high theoretical storage capacity of Al13 clusters suggest further investigations of Al nanostructures for application in hydrogen storage.


The results show that the third ten days of both March and May when the plum round scale is sensitive to five experimented insecticides are the best time for controlling the insect injury. 40% of Shupusha emulsifiable with 1200 times has a better effect for controlling and its control effect is up to 91.7% . The plum yield in 2000 increased by 22.61% than in 1998 and increased by 76.73% than CK. This insecticide should be used in plum production.


Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with a devastating 5-year survival rate of 11%. A lack of durable responses to standard-of-care chemotherapy combinations renders its treatment particularly challenging and largely contributes to the devastating prognosis. Gemcitabine, a pyrimidine anti-metabolite, is a cornerstone in PDAC therapy, but resistance remains a major hurdle. Multiple mechanisms of chemoresistance have been suggested to be mediated by rewired metabolism in PDAC cells. Accordingly, we hypothesize that metabolic reprogramming can be targeted to re-sensitize PDAC tumors to anti-metabolite chemotherapy. To define the spectrum of targetable metabolic and transcriptomic programs that drive cell-intrinsic resistance to gemcitabine, we established organoids from treatment-naïve PDAC patients. Gemcitabine high versus low responders, as assessed by dose response viability assays, were selected for metabolomic profiling and RNA sequencing. To define real-time reprogramming during the acquisition of resistance, we generated gemcitabine resistant murine pancreatic cancer cell lines and collected a time course series of metabolomic and transcriptomic datasets of sensitive, intermediate resistant and resistant cells. Integration of these dataset through a systems biology approach to define primary and de novo resistance is being used to characterize metabolic gemcitabine resistance mechanisms. These are functionally validated to provide novel approaches to re-sensitize resistant PDAC cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in vivo. The improvement of current chemotherapy combinations represents a promising approach, with potential to immediately translate into a clinical benefit and improve survival in this deadly disease.
 Citation Format: Alica Katrin Beutel, Rima Singh, Cecily Anaraki, Gregory Tong, Thomas Martinez, Alexander Kleger, Zeljka Jutric, Christopher James Halbrook. Targeting gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR023.


The geostatistical method can be applied to quantitatively relate well and seismic data, assess the quality of the resulting map, and estimate the probability of success directly from the available data. To illustrate the steps of the geostatistical method, we present a case study in which the thickness (in feet) of an oil-bearing sand was estimated using seismic amplitude from a three-dimensional seismic survey as a guide. The geostatistical method is a four-step procedure that calls on several statistical tools. The first step is to quantify the spatial continuity of the well data using variogram analysis. The second step is to find and quantify a relationship between the well and seismic data. The third step is to use what has been learned to grid the well data using the seismic as a guide via kriging with external drift. The last step is to assess the accuracy of the map just made. Traditionally, a geoscientist creates a map that is assumed to be correct until additional information becomes available. Only rarely is an estimate made of the map's accuracy. A geostatistician creates an expected value or average map and has a quantitative estimate of its accuracy. Conditional simulation is a geostatistical tool that yields a quantitative measure of the error in a map. In the case study, the geostatistical method was used to estimate the expected value and error in a sand isochore. Cumulative probability distributions and risk maps are two tools used to display the range of error expected in the sand thickness map. These tools, along with economic thresholds, were used to directly derive the probability of success from the data available. Two wells drilled after geostatistical analysis confirmed that using the geostatistical method is more accurate than traditional, nongeostatistical methods. The application of geostatistics presented in the second part of this paper has been masked to protect proprietary information. Although the data have been distorted, the application of geostatistics has in no way been affected.


1 ‹stanbul Universitesi Cerrahpafla T›p Fakultesi Biyofizik Anabilim Dal›, ‹stanbul Abstract Lead is one of the toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal for organism. Being exposed to the metal especially is realized via environmental pollution and their wide range usage in industrial field. The present study was planned to determine the possible effects of lead on of trace elements concentrations in testis tissue and. protective roles of selenium and +(-) catechin against the toxic effects of lead. The study has been performed in Wistar Albino type rats which divided into four groups as control, lead, lead+selenium and lead+catechin received groups. The experimental groups have received lead acetate, sodium selenite and +(-) catechin via their drinking water for thirty days. Besides lead as heavy metal and trace element concentrations and were performed in testis tissue of rats. In the plasma lipid peroxidation measurements were also performed. The accumulation of the lead was observed in testis tissue during experimental period. In the testis tissue of lead and lead+catechin applied groups, an increased lipid peroxidation was observed. In all other group testis tissue weights found to be lightened compare to control group. Selenium applied group trace element concentrations were found to be about showed no change when compared to controls but in catechin applied group no such a result has been detected. As a result of present study it may be concluded that; in determination of lead toxicity, malondialdehyde measurements have to be evaluated besides measurements of tissue element concentration. And administration of selenium may be helpful against the toxic effect of lead in tissue.


Analyzes statistically the data of computer equipment and routine maintenance in the hospital nurse work station,points out the causes of common malfunctions of the nurse's work station in operation,and puts forward the effective solutions.


Geometric transformations change the image pixel positions where the watermark is embedded. As a result, a copyright verifier fails to detect the watermark even though the watermark is present in the transformed image. The content-based watermarking schemes try to solve this problem by first dividing the image into many disjoint patches and then locating those patches with respect to the salient points of the image. Most of the existing content-based schemes are vulnerable to scaling and general affine transformations. They do not work well against high JPEG compression either. This paper presents a content-based blind watermarking scheme using corners. The proposed scheme achieves robustness against affine transformations and signal processing attacks by using triangular patch normalization and spread spectrum watermarking technique respectively.


Competition for resources between marine organisms is one of the suite of factors structuring benthic communities. Sessile marine organisms must compete primarily for substratum to attach to and then protect their territory. Research on this topic has resulted in a large body of literature that has examined the consequences of direct interactions between sessile benthic invertebrates across phyla resulting from either contact or direct interference of life functions (see review by Woodin and Jackson, 1979). However, benthic organisms may change the nearby environment such that it is unsuitable for habitation by other organisms. The role of indirect competition in structuring suspension feeding benthic communities remains to be examined. Globally, sponges and ascidians are the predominant active suspension feeding invertebrates in communities growing on hard substrata (see review by Gili and Coma, 1998). Sponges and ascidians are active suspension feeders that graze primarily on the ultraplankton (Murphy and Hagen, 1985) of the plankton community (Reiswig, 1971; Fiala-Medioni, 1978; Randlov and Riisgard, 1979; Stuart and Klumpp, 1984; Pile et al., 1996, 1997; Pile, 1997, 1999; Ribes et al., 1998, 1999). Despite the large body of literature describing the feeding ecology of sponges and ascidians, only one study has simultaneously examined the feeding ecology of co-occurring species. Stuart and Klumpp (1984) conducted a laboratory study using artificial water column communities created from cultured bacteria and algae as a food source for sponges and an ascidian common to a kelp forest. They found that while the diets overlapped, the organisms were spatially separated and thus there was no competition for food resources. A study examining both the natural diets of co-occurring species and the role of indirect competition for food resources between phyla has yet to be conducted. Therefore, as a preliminary step in determining the role of interphyletic competition for food resource in structuring suspension-feeding communities, this study was designed to quantify the resource utilization in situ for co-occurring sponges and ascidians.


Abstract The Third International Conference on Multiple Comparisons was held on August 5–7, 2002, in Bethesda, Maryland. Several articles with biopharmaceutical applications were presented and submitted for consideration to this special issue of the Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics. We provide an overview of the multiple comparison problems that are of current interest to the pharmaceutical industry, as well as an overview of the papers that appear in this special issue.


The frequency of six mechanisms of resistance to white pine blister rust is presented for 18 white pine species. The mechanisms are: prevention of needle lesions, reduced frequency of such lesions, premature shedding of infected needles, a fungicidal reaction in the short shoot, reactions that eliminate established bark infections, and the ability of a seedling to remain alive when infected. The importance of these mechanisms in selecting for resistance in the very susceptible North American white pines is discussed.


The direct discharge of palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater causes serious environmental pollution due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Traditional ways for POME treatment have both economical and environmental disadvantages. In this study, a membrane anaerobic system (MAS) was used as an alternative, cost effective method for treating POME. Six steady states were attained as a part of a kinetic study that considered concentration ranges of 8,220 to 15,400 mg/l for mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and 6,329 to 13,244 mg/l for mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS). Kinetic equations from Monod, Contois and Chen & Hashimoto were employed to describe the kinetics of POME treatment at organic loading rates ranging from 2 to 13 kg COD/m/d. throughout the experiment, the removal efficiency of COD was from 94.8 to 96.5% with hydraulic retention time, HRT from 400.6 to 5.7 days. The growth yield coefficient, Y was found to be 0.62gVSS/g COD the specific microorganism decay rate was 0.21 d and the methane gas yield production rate was between 0.25 l/g COD/d and 0.58 l/g COD/d. Steady state influent COD concentrations increased from 18,302 mg/l in the first steady state to 43,500 mg/l in the sixth steady state. The minimum solids retention time, which was obtained from the three kinetic models ranged from 5 to 12.3 days. The k values were in the range of 0.35 – 0.519 g COD/ g VSS • d and values were between 0.26 and 0.379 d. The solids retention time (SRT) decreased from 800 days to 11.6 days. The complete treatment reduced the COD content to 2279 mg/l equivalent to a reduction of 94.8% reduction from the original. Keywords—COD reduction; POME; Kinetics; Membrane; Anaerobic; Monod, Contois equation.


This study proposed a multistable structure using snap-through behavior as an adaptable structure, which can change its size and transform its configuration easily. To know the stable configuration and stress of the structure, the form finding analysis method of the structure is formulated. Then, a design support system is proposed based on a calculation method of required forces to transform its configuration. Finally, several configurations are demonstrated with a small scale model to show the adaptability and feasibility of the proposed structure.


......................................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. viii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1 . Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Location and Access ............................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Regional Geology ................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Background and Significance ............................................................................................ 10 1.3.1 Tectonic setting ........................................................................................................... 10 1.3.2 Geochronology ............................................................................................................ 11 1.3.3 Mineral Occurrences ................................................................................................... 11 1.4 Fractional Crystallization and Mineralization .................................................................... 18 1.5 Greisen Ore Systems and Greisenization Processes .......................................................... 19 1.6 Study Outline ..................................................................................................................... 22 1.7 Contributions...................................................................................................................... 23 1.8 Funding .............................................................................................................................. 25 1.9 References .......................................................................................................................... 25 Chapter 2 . U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the highly evolved Sn-W-Mo-bearing Mount Douglas Granite, New Brunswick, Canada: implications for origin and mineralization ............................................................................................................................. 35 2.


In this paper we investigate the relationship between non-oil exports in Iran with some macro economic variables such as: gross domestic products, oil export revenue, private consumption and inflation. Estimation of the model shows that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between, GDP and non-oil exports and oil export revenue, inflation and trend variable and a negative and significant relationship between non-oil exports and private sector consumption.