Ten 15-m3 outdoor ponds were treated daily for 8 weeks with a synthetic coal-derived crude oil; ecological effects were monitored for an additional 52 weeks. The experimental design included two replicate ponds at each of five oil input rates (from 1 to 16 ml/m3/d) plus two untreated controls. A gradient of responses was observed across the gradient of treatment levels. Cladoceran zooplankton populations and ecosystem metabolism (production/respiration) were affected at the lowest input rate, but the effects disappeared before the end of the oiling period and this exposure level (approximately 3% of the 48-h LC50 for Daphnia magna) was considered safe for this ecosystem. At the next higher treatment level, effects on zooplankton and ecosystem metabolism were greater and persisted until the oiling ended; reproduction of mosquitofish (Gambusia affmis) was also impaired. Major changes occurred throughout the ecosystem at higher treatment levels. The two highest treatment levels completely disrupted the pond community: The ponds recovered from the next-to-highest treatment but the effects of the highest treatment persisted for more than a year. Indirect effects occurred at all treatment levels and included changes in water quality, replacement of sensitive taxa by more tolerant competitors and changes in abundance of some species because of increases or decreases in their predators. The results of this experiment were qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those of a parallel experiment in pond-derived microcosms, and thus substantiated the ability of the microcosms to simulate larger, more natural ecosystems.


Simple and novel spectrophotometric method is described for simultaneous determination of aluminum and iron. The method is based on the colored complexes formed by aluminum and iron with hematoxylin in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a surfactant at pH 5.8. All factors affecting the sensitivity were optimized and the linear dynamic range for determination of aluminum and iron was found. The simultaneous determination of aluminum and iron mixtures by using spectrophotometric methods is a difficult problem, due to spectral interferences. By multivariate calibration methods such as partial least squares (PLS), it is possible to obtain a model adjusted to the concentration values of the mixtures used in the calibration range. Orthogonal signal correction (OSC) is a preprocessing technique used for removing the unrelated information and is a suitable preprocessing method for PLS calibration of mixtures without loss of prediction capacity using spectrophotometric method. In this study, the calibration model is based on absorption spectra in the 360-620 nm range for 25 different mixtures of aluminum and iron. Calibration matrices contained 0.06-21.00 and 0.03-15.00 μg mL-1 of aluminum and iron, respectively. The RMSEP for aluminum and iron with OSC and without OSC were 0.06, 0.08 and 0.24, 0.27, respectively. The proposed method has been applied to the simultaneous determination of aluminum and iron in plant and water samples.


The annihilation of the European Jews, the Holocaust, had in ensuing decades occupied a different place in the collective memory of Scandinavian countries than in other parts of former Nazi dominated Europe. This was due to most Scandinavian Jews, and especially Danish Jews, being rescued from deportation and extermination in the Nazi extermination camps. This made the rescue of the Jews central to the collective memory of the German occupation, and it might explain why the Holocaust was long concealed behind this 'master narrative'. In more recent years, historical research has advanced a more nuanced view of the Danish rescue in October 1943.


The microstructure evolution and hardness of nanocrystalline nickel during pack rolling at room temperature have been investigated. It was found that the roll-bonding side (R) and non-roll-bonding side (NR) behaved quite differently. The hardness of side R is higher than that of side NR. No obvious work softening was observed in either side R or side NR until the strain reached ~ 0.611. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the grain size in side NR increases faster than that in side R, a result confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Texture analysis showed that (2 0 0) preferred orientation first strengthens but then weakens in both sides NR and R, while a strong (2 2 0) preferred orientation emerges, particularly in side R. Further texture analysis suggests that dislocation slip is responsible for the texture discrepancy between side NR and side R. The dislocation activity, grain rotation and grain growth are discussed based on the experimental results.


We propose and demonstrate the soliton evolution in a mode locked Er-doped fiber laser with intra-cavity soliton self-frequency shift by numerical simulation, and analyze the effects of different parameters including of pump strength, length of dispersion shift fiber (DSF), and modulation depth of saturable absorber in detail for the first time. The results show that once the stable output pulse is formed, the frequency shift amount would increase with increasing the pump strength or decreasing the length of DSF and the modulation depth.


The aim of this research was to prove that immunizing with Early Pregnancy Factor ( EPF) can generate antibody and know value of it's Optical Dencity.
This research used three male local rabbit with age between six until nine months. Rabbit immunized with Early Pregnancy Factor at the first week with doses 100 µl and Complete Freund'S Adjuvant ( CFA) 100 pl. Inoculation conducted with subcutaneus. Immunize was repeated with the same protein which addition of Incomplete Freund'S Adjuvant ( IFA) at third week and seventh week Counting of blood was done eight times, start at first until ninth week Serum blood sample conducted phase of purifikasi for the insulation of IgG. Characterisation test uses Dot Blot method and measurement value of Optical Dencity with Indirect ELISA method.

Result of characterisation used Dot Blot test show that all sample taken after immunizing is positive, so it could be concluded that immunizing using Early Pregnancy Factor could stimulate immunited respon to form antibody. Result of measurement with indirect ELISA method show that there is difference value of Optical Dencity antibody of Early Pregnancy Factor in each intake of blood.


A novel facile and efficient one-pot process to synthesize spiro epoxyindoles is developed involving benzyne as capturing agent for arylmercaptan to generate sulfonium ylides which react with the C-3 carbonyl of isatins.


We demonstrate a novel approach to the generation of femtosecond electron bunch trains via laser-driven wakefield acceleration. We use two independent high-intensity laser pulses, a drive, and injector, each creating their own plasma wakes. The interaction of the laser pulses and their wakes results in a periodic injection of free electrons in the drive plasma wake via several mechanisms, including ponderomotive drift, wake-wake interference, and pre-acceleration of electrons directly by strong laser fields. Electron trains were generated with up to 4 quasi-monoenergetic bunches, each separated in time by a plasma period. The time profile of the generated trains is deduced from an analysis of beam loading and confirmed using 2D Particle-in-Cell simulations.


Two‐dimensional (2D) atomic layers such as graphene, and metal chalcogenides have recently attracted tremendous attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. Unfortunately, in most cases, the free‐standing nanosheets easily re‐stack due to their van der Waals forces, and lose the advantages of their separated atomic layer state. Here, a bottom‐up approach is developed to build three‐dimensional (3D) architectures by 2D nanosheets such as MoS2 and graphene oxide nanosheets as building blocks, the thin nature of which can be well retained. After simply chemical reduction, the resulting 3D MoS2‐graphene architectures possess high surface area, porous structure, thin walls and high electrical conductivity. Such unique features are favorable for the rapid diffusions of both lithium ions and electrons during lithium storage. As a consequence, MoS2‐graphene electrodes exhibit high reversible capacity of ≈1200 mAh g−1, with very good cycling performance. Moreover, such a simple and low‐cost assembly protocol can provide a new pathway for the large‐scale production of various functional 3D architectures for energy storage and conversions.


With the continuous spread of COVID-19 pandemic and no effective drugs for its treatment, getting vaccinated is the only effective method to defend against the COVID-19. However, few adverse events related to the vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine have been reported. Here, we report a case of cutaneous plasmacytosis after COVID-19 vaccination.


The combination of social unity and individual account is the core of the basic medical insurance re- form mode of town employees in China.The individual account managing pattern is very important for medical insurance reform's successful executing and healthful running.Weifang has successfully erected new individual account managing pattern in practice owning brilliant characteristic by carrier of IC card.The text briefly analy- ses the managing pattern.


Seismic impedance inversion is one of the most commonly used techniques for reservoir characterization. High accuracy and high resolution seismic impedance is a prerequisite for subsequent reservoir interpretation. The data-driven approach offers the opportunity for accurate impedance prediction by establishing a nonlinear mapping between seismic data and impedance. However, existing data-driven methods take the raw seismic data directly as input, making it difficult for the network to learn high frequency weak signal information and resulting in low resolution inversion results. In order to mitigate the above issues, a data-driven seismic impedance inversion method based on multi-scale strategy is proposed. The method first obtains seismic data at different scales using frequency division techniques and do normalization on the extracted multi-scale data to ensure the consistency of the seismic signal energy in different frequency bands. The multi-scale seismic data will then be fed into the network, which helps the network to learn the high frequency information features more easily, and ultimately obtain higher resolution inversion results. We use the most commonly used convolutional neural network (CNN) as an example to demonstrate that the proposed multi-scale data-driven seismic impedance inversion method can improve the resolution of the inversion results. In addition, since the above seismic impedance inversion method is executed trace-by-trace, the f-x prediction filtering technique is introduced to improve the lateral continuity of the inversion results and obtain more geologically reliable impedance profiles. The validity of the proposed method is verified in the application of synthetic model data as well as an actual data set.


Terrorism is not a new phenomenon, but it has gained prominence in recent years, particularly in South Asia due to its geographical location. The goal of this study is to determine the empirically categorized impact of terrorist attacks in South Asia (bombings, assassinations, armed assaults, hostage situations, and other minor incidents). The panel data model collects data from four countries (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) from 1987 to 2016. To investigate the interrelationships among variables and to test for the identification and endogeneity of the model, the simultaneous approach, three Stages Least Square (3SLS) method is used. Hansen J and Hausman tests are also used. The main findings indicate that categorical terrorism has a negative and significant impact on GDP and FDI. As a control variable, inflation, labour, capital, trade openness, and the exchange rate are used. To examine the bidirectional relationship between GDP and FDI, the endogeneity growth model is also used. Terrorism significantly reduces economic growth and foreign direct investment, according to the findings. Economic growth and foreign direct investment are both positive and closely linked.


Color Doppler flow and sonographic wall thickness are as good as -- and in some cases better than -- contrast MRI for showing the extent of Crohn's disease. Both ultrasound and MRI match clinical results from barium studies, surgery, and colonoscopy.


Some ophthalmic aids and their efficacy in establishing a more normal visual state in homonymous hemianopia are discussed. In particular special attention is given to awareness of objects in the affected field and the visual problems involved in any attempt to read. The neuropathology of the condition is also outlined and two case reports are given.


From the intersection of computational science and technological speculation, with boundaries limited only by our ability to imagine what could be. Some technical support will never change.


Application of molecular dynamics simulation in different engraved with "deep / wide" for the rectangular cross-section groove and the Cu substrate on the epitaxial growth process of homogeneous using embedded-atom method model among atoms(EAM).Simulation results show that the "depth/width" of the groove and deposition of particles to the incident angle θ of the grain boundary and V → / V ↑ influence,with the incident θ can be increased with the increase of it,with the incident V → / V ↑ can be decreased;When the temperature is 1 000 K,the "depth / width" is 1/2,a better film can not be formed,thin film epitaxial growth direction of the surface of all vertical.When the "depth / width" is 1/1,the incident can be formed at 10 eV better film.


This side-by-side comparison of paired sentences seems to favor the ones which apply the principles of you-attitude and positive emphasis, sentences which are designed to create goodwill by (1) sounding friendlier and (2) focusing upon the audience and the positive. Is there a difference, however, between hypothetical responses to side-by-side comparisons and &dquo;real world&dquo; responses? That is, to what extent do you-attitude and positive emphasis really matter outside of the classroom, where readers do not usually see both &dquo;good&dquo; and &dquo;bad&dquo; versions of a document? To begin answering this question, we conducted a nationwide research project in which 257 personnel recruiters for Big Six accounting firms received one of two versions of a cover letter requesting their participation in a r6sumd research project that we were conducting at the time. (These 257 recruiters represent about 45% of the total population of Big Six recruiters in the United States.) Whereas the


HEAO 1 observed gamma radiation, including the 2.223 MeV line of deuterium and the 4.43 MeV line of C-12, from a white-light solar flare of 1978 July 11. Line strengths over a 4 minute integration were 1.00 + or - 0.29 and 0.18 + or - 0.07 photons/sq cm s, respectively, and the continuum in the 1-5 MeV range fitted a spectrum 10 E to the -3rd photons/sq cm s keV. The 2.2 MeV line lagged 94 + or - 30 s behind the gamma-ray continuum, which itself was delayed about 20 s from the hard X-ray (not less than 40 keV) and microwave fluxes. This is the second flare for which both MeV-range lines and continuum have been observed, and the first for which simultaneous white-light observations exist. The prompt gamma-ray line (4.43 MeV) can be directly interpreted as an energy deposition of not greater than 7 x 10 to the 26th ergs per sec by energetic protons at photospheric depths. This is insufficient to maintain the white-light continuum by normal photospheric emission mechanisms.


Marigold is one of the most important commercial flower crops grown all over the world and in India as well; accounting for more than half of Nation"s loose flower production. It is native of central and South America especially Mexico and belongs to the family Asteraceae (Compositae). There are 33 species of genus tagetes in which few are important viz., Tagetes erecta, T. patula ,T. tenuifolia, T. luicida (sweet scented marigold), T. sarmetosa (climbing marigold), T. lacera, T. lemmmoni, T. minuta, T. filifolia (Irish lace). There are two species, which are commercially grown viz. Tagetes erecta L. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 2 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Patients with lymphoproliferative diseases are at high risk for SARS‐CoV‐2‐related complications and mortality. The role of casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN‐COV), a neutralizing antibody cocktail, to treat immunocompromised hemato‐oncological patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 disease 2019 (Covid‐19) remains unknown. Here, we present our clinical experience on the outcome of 15 hematological patients treated with REGEN‐COV for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Most patients failed to respond or achieved low antibody titer after 2–3 doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. All patients experienced clinical improvement with no mortality within a median follow‐up of 70 days. In conclusion, early administration of REGEN‐COV to high‐risk hematological patients may prevent clinical deterioration and mortality from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The effectiveness of neutralizing antibodies may vary depending on the virus variants and in particular with the omicron variant (B.1.1.529).


Language and Solitude is the second book of Gellner's to be published posthumously. It deals with Gellner's meetings with and standpoint toward Wittgenstein's philosophy of language and Malinowski's functional anthropology. Gellner's personal background in Judaism and East European society had contact points with both Wittgenstein and Malinowski. Ernest Gellner (1925-1995) was 13 years old when he moved with his family in 1939 from his hometown, Prague, to England. Like so many other families of Jewish origin, they were escaping from Nazism. Gellner obtained his academic education at Oxford University, which, during the postwar years, was under the influence of Wittgenstein's philosophy of language. Later he moved from philosophy to social anthropology and studied at the London School of Economics and Political Science, where he renewed his acquaintance with the social anthropology inspired by Malinowski. He was attracted by its empirical approach, and he himself did fieldwork in Morocco at the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s. Towards the end of his academic career Gellner moved to Cambridge, from which he retired. After his retirement he continued to work at the Central European University in Prague, where he died in December 1995. Throughout the book Gellner demonstrates


Pulling scientific workflows into the repository Abstract: Though data curation is often discussed as a discrete process (e.g. Higgins 2008), in reality it is highly dependent on scientific workflows. Yet, a data curator's understanding of a dataset is typically limited to her experience of it within a repository: separate from its context of production, and separate from its use. Here, we explore ways data curators can collect metadata about context and use via two projects at the National Center for Atmospheric Researcher (NCAR).


The combination of simple dynamics, small number of available decay channels, and extremely well controlled radiative and loop corrections, make charged pion decays a sensitive means for testing the underlying symmetries and the universality of weak fermion couplings, as well as for improving our understanding of pion structure and chiral dynamics. This paper reviews the current state of experimental study of the allowed rare decays of charged pions: (a) leptonic, $\pi^+ \to e^+\nu_e$, or $\pi_{e2}$, (b) radiative, $\pi^+ \to e^+\nu_e\gamma$, or $\pi_{e2\gamma}$, and $\pi^+ \to e^+\nu_e e^+e^-$, or $\pi_{e2ee}$, and (c) semileptonic, $\pi^+\to \pi^0 e^+ \nu$, or $\pi_{e3}$. Taken together, the combined data set presents an internally consistent picture that also agrees well with standard model predictions. The internal consistency is illustrated well by the $\pi_{e2}$ branching ratio of $(R_{e/\mu}^\pi)^{\rm PIBETA} = (1.2366 \pm 0.0064) \times 10^{-4}$ extracted in this work from the PIBETA measurement of the $\pi_{e3}$ decay and the current best value for the CKM matrix element $V_{ud}$. However, even after the great progress of the recent decades, experimental precision is lagging far behind that of the theoretical description for all above processes. We review the implications of the present state of knowledge and prospects for further improvement in the near term.


Damping based power flow mode theory proposed is summarised and further investigated through a numerical simulation of an integrated system consisting of equipment, active/passive isolators and an elastic beam-like ship travelling in seaways. The system's characteristic damping matrix is constructed and its eigenvalues and eigenvectors are calculated to identify the natural power flow characteristics of the system. These eigenvectors are defined as power flow mode vectors spanning the power flow space describing the power flow behaviour of the system. It reveals the system's vibration energy dissipation mechanisms. The power flow design approach based on the system's power flow characteristics is applied to design the system's damping distributions to achieve the objectives to maximize the power dissipations to reduce vibration energy transmission to the equipment and to retain or suppress a particular vibration mode of the system. The simulation illustrates the power flow mode theory and power flow design concept through modifications of the system's damping distribution using passive and / or active control means. This study provides an approach to design a dynamical system from the perspective of energy flow patterns.


Yongwon Choi Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 421 Curie Blvd. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Tel.: +1 215 7466404 Fax: +1 215 5730888 E-mail: email@example.com What is 'osteoimmunology', and why might it be important to develop such a field? The rationale for studying this discipline is to understand how bone influences immune and hematopoietic cells as well as how hematopoietic and immune cells influence bone. Recent studies demonstrate that the interplay between bone and the immune system is more intricate than previously appreciated. Hence, it has become necessary to expand our knowledge of the crosstalk between these organ systems. It is always difficult for scientists or physicians to keep abreast of advances in multiple disparate fields, and it is even more difficult to develop the knowledge base, skills, and materials necessary to investigate issues that cross the boundaries of established disciplines. The name osteoimmunology was coined to identify studies related to interactions between the bone, hematopoietic, and immune systems. It is hoped that this discipline will nurture interactions between immunologists and bone biologists so that a more complete understanding of the development and function of both the immune system and bone can be achieved. In this introduction, we briefly establish some of the key features of osteoimmunology, which are detailed in this volume of Immunological Reviews by the outstanding contributions to this issue. Immunologists and hematologists are well aware, at least in adult mammals, that the development of the immune system depends on the normal function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are now known to reside adjacent to bone cells. Hence, it is not surprising to learn that the development of the immune system in the bone marrow is dependent on the production of a facilitative microenvironment by bone cells. This fact was made clearer by recent data demonstrating that osteoblasts (OBs), which produce bone matrix, also provide key factors that regulate HSC development. There is also accumulating evidence that bone continues to play a role in adaptive immunity, beyond its influence on lymphocyte development. It is now known that long-lived memory T and B cells return to specialized niches in the bone marrow. These cells are capable of Immunological Reviews 2005 Vol. 208: 5–6 Printed in Singapore. All rights reserved


This problem involves an effort to determine the interrelationship of groups of secondary student teachers' sociabilities, first teaching field choice and preference of lecture or group method of instruction.


Two new salts, [NO2BrBzPy]2[M(mnt)2] ([NO2BrBzPy]+= 1-(2′-bromo-4′-nitrobenzyl)pyridinium; mnt2−= maleonitriledithiolate; M = Ni(1), Pd(2)) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV, ESI-MS spectra, TG, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that when the metal ion is changed from Ni(II) to Pd(II), the crystal system, and the dihedral angles between the phenyl and pyridine rings and the C-C-N reference plane of the cation, and the stacking modes of the anions and the cations are evidently different. Some weak interactions such as C–H···Br, C−H···O, C−H···N and C−H···S hydrogen bonds, p or stacking interactions in 1 and 2 play important roles in the molecular stacking and generate a 2D structure.


With the aid of a pair aligned model in many-j configurations and the Hamiltonian including monopole, quadrupole-pair forces and the quadrupole deformed field, the intrinsic states of deformed nuclei are determined by a variational method. The quadrupole moment is calculated and the effect of deformation on the intrinsic states is investigated. The results show that angular momentum (J = 0,2,4) nucleon-pairs are dominant in the intrinsic states, so that, s, d, g bosons must be used in the study of deformed nuclei.


Three types of SIP and P2P hybrid architectures for consumer grids are proposed. Their feasibility, efficiency and scalability are experimentally verified and their performances are experimentally compared by using an OBS network testbed.


OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity, its risk factors, and association with different diseases in the rural females of Peshawar.METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010 on 2296 non-pregnant women age 15-70 years. Overweight/obesity was defined as a BMI (body mass index) of > 23 kg/m2 and obesity as BMI > 27 kg/m2. Results are presented as mean+ SD, %ages & odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) by using EPI-Info 6.0.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 1226 (53.4%) and 619 (26.9%) respectively. Out of 2296 women, 2054 (89.5%) were married females. Obesity was increasing with age. Hypertension and diabetes was three times more prevalent in overweight and obese women as 3.67 (2.62-5.16) p 5 and low income were significantly associated as 3.46 (2.52-4.77) p<0.0001, 1.77 (1.42-2.20) p<0.0001 and 2.99 (2.22-4.03) p<0.0001 respectively with increased risk of obesity. More health problems were reported by the obese womenCONCLUSION: Obesity among women is a serious problem in this region. Marriage, parity, ageing are responsible for high prevalence of obesity that resulted in high frequency of diseases especially hypertension and diabetes in the female population.KEY WORDS: Body mass index; Overweight / Obesity; Rural women; Peshawar-Pakistan.


Translational research targets implementing knowledge from labs, clinics, and the community in healthcare practice.Great partnerships provide an excellent setting for innovative design to take place. See how many pieces have fallen into place to implement translational research in a healthcare setting—a partnership that's leading to better health outcomes.


The National Institutes of Health will now require universities to notify the agency if a principal investigator (PI) on one of their grants is removed because of sexual harassment or other offense...


We have demonstrated optical excitation and detection of collective precessional dynamics in arrays of coupled Ni80Fe20 (permalloy) nanoelements with systematically varying areal density by an all-optical time-resolved Kerr microscope. We have applied this technique to precisely determine three different collective regimes in these arrays. At very high areal density, a single uniform collective mode is observed where the edge modes of the constituent elements are suppressed. At intermediate areal densities, three nonuniform collective modes appear and at very low areal density, we observe noncollective dynamics and only the centre and edge modes of the constituent elements appear.


Such elements as Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo and Co in Wuziyanzong pills, dicoction and each of Wuziyanzong pills are measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). It is discovered that the contents of Zn and Mn are considerably high, and this matches the curative effects of clinical treatment for deficiency of kidney.


Cointegration analysis has gradually appeared in the empirical tourism literature. However, the focus has been exclusively on the demand side, neglecting supply in∞uences and risking endogeneity bias. One reason for this may be the di-culty identifying structural relationships in a system setting. We estimate a demand-supply model of Hawaii tourism using a theory-directed sequential reduction methodology suggested by Hall, Henry, and Greenslade (2002). The resulting model illustrates the viability of such an approach as well its challenges.


Face mask detection has become a great challenge in computer vision, demanding the coalition of technology with COVID-19 awareness. Researchers have proposed deep learning models to detect the use of face masks. However, the incorrect use of a face mask can be as harmful as not wearing any protection at all. In this paper, we propose a compound convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture based on two computer vision tasks: object localization to discover faces in images/videos, followed by an image classification CNN to categorize the faces and show if someone is using a face mask correctly, incorrectly, or not at all. The first CNN is built upon RetinaFace, a model to detect faces in images, whereas the second CNN uses a ResNet-18 architecture as a classification backbone. Our model enables an accurate identification of people who are not correctly following the COVID-19 healthcare recommendations on face mask use. To enable further global use of our technology, we have released both the dataset used to train the classification model and our proposed computer vision pipeline to the public, and optimized it for embedded systems deployment.


The complementarity of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical images allows remote sensing observations to "see" unprecedented discoveries. Image matching plays a fundamental role in the fusion and application of SAR and optical images. However, both the geometric imaging pattern and the physical radiation mechanism of these two sensors are significantly different, so that the images show complex geometric distortion and nonlinear radiation differences. This phenomenon brings great challenges to image matching, which neither the handcrafted descriptors nor the deep learning-based methods have adequately addressed. In this article, a novel image-based matching method for SAR to optical images via an image-based convolutional network with spatial pyramid aggregated pooling (SPAP) and an attention mechanism is proposed, namely MAP-Net. The original image is embedded through the convolutional neural network to generate the feature map. Through the information extraction and abstraction of the original imagery, the embedded features containing the high-level semantic information are more robust to the geometric distortion and radiation variation among the different modal images, which is beneficial to the matching of cross-modal images. The adoption of the SPAP module makes the network more capable of integrating global and local contextual information. The attention block weights the dense features generated from the network to extract the key features that are invariant, distinguishable, repeatable, and suitable for the image matching task. In the experiments, five sets of multisource and multiresolution SAR and optical images with wide and varied ground coverage were used to evaluate the accuracy of MAP-Net, compared to both handcrafted and deep learning-based methods. The experimental results show that the MAP-Net method is superior to the current state-of-the-art image matching methods for SAR to optical images.


AbstractThe one-point method is presented as clinical tool to calculate the dosage regimen for patients where differences in steady state blood levels are expected due to change in volume of distribution (edema, obesity, myocardial or coronary infarction, hypoalbuminemia, displacement from protein binding, etc). The one-point method is based on the cmin'. - and superposition methods using a single blood sample upon administration of a test dose during the first dosing interval.This method is indicated when assessment of the dosage regimen is complicated by a change in either the volume of distribution, Vd, or the elimination rate constant, k,el or when the distribution coefficient. δ, is not known. There are various clinical situations in which Vd, is altered, such as in patients with edema, obesity, recent coronary or myocardial infarction, hepatic failure, hypoalbuminemia, displacement from protein binding due to other concomitantly given drugs, etc.


The work aims to analyze how physicians trained in the Faculty of Medicine �Dr. Aurelio Melean� at University Mayor de San Simon), approve the selection process to continue postgradual studies training in the National Medical Residency. Also determine the number of qualified medical professionals involved in this process, establishing the percentage of admitted in the system and the relationship between the source of information, documentation of the admission system, the records of the admissions process and results of the Graduate School and Continuing Education of the Faculty of Medicine, using descriptive statistic techniques for processing and analysis of data, that show a favorable percentage of applicants from the UMSS Faculty of Medicine in the Medical Residency System ( of 97 eligible candidates, 67 belong to this institution) compared to doctors trained in other public and private universities in the country. However, this study raises questions relating to the training aspect and the process of selection of the Medical Residency that should be addressed in future researches


Aluminium thin film was prepared by direct current reactive magnetron sputtering on Ni alloy and silicon wafer substrates with the pure aluminum as the target and pure O2 as the reactive gas.The deposition rate and morphology of the aluminium thin film was studied.The results show that the deposition rate firstly increases linearly and then changes little with the increase of sputtering power.At first,the deposition rate increases with the increase of working pressure and reaches the biggest value at 1.0 Pa and then begin to decrease when the working pressure increases further.While the deposition rate continuously increases with the increase of Ar/O2 flow rate.Firstly,the deposition rate decreases sharply with the rising negative bias and then varies little.The surface morphology of the aluminium film before and after annealing was observed by SEM.The film annealing at 500 ℃ for 1 h gets more compact and smooth.


This paper analyzes on five problems which can't be neglected in the management of the open-shelves stock room, and advances some corresponding solving methods.


Naturally fractured reservoirs are composed of high flow capacity-low storage fractures and high storage-low flow capacity matrix blocks. Composite systems in this type of reservoirs can be encountered as a result of non-uniform fracture distribution, drilling, secondary or tertiary recovery projects, and stimulation programs. In general, a composite reservoir system is made up of two or more regions. Each region has its own rock and fluid properties.


While most contracts are made between two parties in search of profit and without substantial government scrutiny, some are not so happy. This project examines one such species, the interconnection agreement entered into under the 1996 Telecommunications Act. After discussing the history and requirements of the statute, the paper hypothesizes that instead of the more typical profit maximization motive, the dominant party, in this case the incumbent local service provider, might seek to minimize losses. As in other cases where there is substantial uncertainty, parties to interconnection agreements might also be expected to cluster payment terms around some common patterns, or focal points. The empirical section of the paper investigates these hypotheses through the complete set of 140 contracts entered into in Michigan between various phone companies entering the local phone market, called CLECs, and one local incumbent provider, SBC. Not only does the paper look at what determines various contract terms, but also it examines through Michigan Public Service Commission minutes, litigated cases and contract amendments what characteristics predict whether the parties can successfully adjust over time or whether they continue to experience conflict.


Storage systems represent a vital market with storagedensities growing at 60%/year, resulting in 35%-50%/yeardecreases in the cost per byte. In recent years, the amount ofstorage sold almost doubled each year and is expected tosustain annual growth of at least 60%. Secondary storagehas a healthy place in future computer systems.While many storage products are directly attached topersonal computers, most disk array products (65% and ris-ing) are deployed in local area network file servers. Thiscentralization of storage resources enables effective sharing,better administrative control and less redundancy. However,it also increases dependence on network and file server per-formance. With the emergence of high-performance clustersystems based on commodity personal computers and scal-able network switching, rapidly increasing demands on stor-age performance are anticipated. Specifically, storageperformance must cost-effectively scale with customerinvestments in client processors, network links and storagecapacity.Unfortunately, current distributed file system architec-tures severely limit scalable storage. In current distributedfile systems, all storage bytes are copied through file servermachines between peripheral buses (typically SCSI) and cli-ent LANs. In essence, these file server machines act asapplication-level inter-network routers, converting name-spaces (disk block versus file range) and protocol layers(SCSI versus RPC/UDP/IP). This is a critical limitation forcost-effective scalable storage. Specifically, the sustainedbandwidth of storage devices is rapidly outstrippinginstalled interconnection technologies and rendering store-and-forward servers impractical. With disk data rates grow-ing at 40% per year, 25-40 MB/s sustained disk bandwidthswill be a reality by the end of the decade. With this muchbandwidth from each commodity drive, conventional serverarchitectures can not be cost-effective.Storage devices, however, are already effective net-work data transfer engines. For example, Seagate's FibreChannel Baracuda drives burst packetized SCSI at 1 Gbps.Moreover, through careful hardware support for interlayerprocessing, the marginal cost of these network-attached diskdrives is expected to be similar to that of high-end driveinterfaces, such as differential SCSI [Anderson95]. It is ourcontention that cost-effective scalable storage performancedepends on eliminating the file server's role as an inter-net-work router. Instead, we advocate exploiting the drive'sability to inject packets directly into the clients' network athigh-bandwidth. With effective network-attached storage,striping of data over multiple devices can effectively scalestorage bandwidth [Patterson88, Hartman93].The other dimension to delivering scalable storagebandwidth is efficient networking. Networking technolo-gies, such as Fibre Channel, are specifically designed forstorage systems. However, traditional client-server protocolstacks and operating system software layers often copy dataseveral times in delivering it to applications, significantlyreducing network-attached storage performance. Newertechnologies, such as user-level networking, avoid thisproblem by allowing applications to directly access the net-work. Hence, user-level networking could be an ideal sub-strate for network-attached storage. This papers examines networking requirements forstorage and the integration of user-level networking withnetwork-attached storage (NAS). To provide context for thenetworking demands of NAS, we begin by describing alter-native network-attached storage architectures and CMU'snetwork-attached storage system. Next, we survey storage'snetworking requirements and describe how one user-levelnetworking architecture, the VI Architecture (VIA), can beeffectively mapped onto our network-attached storage pro-totype.


Abstract Background Caregivers of patients admitted to neurorehabilitation wards may experience higher psychological distress (PD) and poor mental well-being (MWB). This study aimed to empower caregivers to cope effectively with PD and maintain well-being by practicing yoga. Materials and Methods A total of 34 caregivers were randomized to the experimental group (EG) and waitlisted control group in a multiphase manner. Data were collected using sociodemographic schedule, Kessler's Psychological Distress scale–10, and Warwick–Edinburgh's Mental Well-being Scale. Caregivers' yoga module (CYM) consisting of satsanga (theory), asanas (postures), pranayama (breath control), imagery, meditation, and relaxation techniques was taught to those in the EG at 35 m/d for eight consecutive days. They were encouraged to continue on their own for another 3 weeks. Posttest data were collected from both groups on the 15th and 29th days. Analysis was done with IBM SPSS statistics version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results There was statistically significant reduction of PD and improvement of MWB among caregivers of EG within (PD: F = 17.78, p < 0.001; MWB: F = 5.48, p < 0.03) and between (PD: F = 15.87, p < 0.001; MWB: F = 15.87, p < 0.01) the groups after the CYM. A significant negative correlation was found between pretest MWB and PD (r =–0.579, p < 0.01). Caregivers who were married and caregivers' perception of poor improvement of patient condition were significantly associated with PD. Conclusion Findings provide preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of CYM on PD and MWB among caregivers of patients admitted to neurorehabilitation wards.


Using a few buffers and latches for storing the values of the samples and the most significant bytes of look-up tables, it is possible to increase considerably the sampling rate, and consequently t...


In this study, an accurate convergence time of the supertwisting algorithm (STA) is proposed to build up a framework for nonaffine nonlinear systems' finite-time control. The convergence time of the STA is provided by calculating the solution of a differential equation instead of constructing Lyapunov function. Therefore, precise convergence time is presented instead of estimation of the upper bound of the algorithm's reaching time. Regardless of affine or nonaffine nonlinear systems, supertwisting control (STC) provides a general solution based on virtual control law skill ensuring the output of the systems converges to the origin point at exact time. Benchmark tests are simulated to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorithm.


This report describes the implementation of expense reporting in a mobile web application. Two different types of expenses could be reported: remuneration and time deviations. In addition to the cr ...


The article outlines key intersections between two Eastern European Jewish printing businesses during the nineteenth century. The first is the Shapira printing house, located first in Slavuta, and later in Zhytomyr. The second is the Romm printing and publishing house, Vilna, the largest Jewish printing house in Eastern Europe at the time. The first significant interaction between these two printing houses was a fierce disagreement over the printing rights of the Babylonian Talmud. However, they progressed to an economic cooperation in further printings of the Babylonian Talmud. Eventually, Romm's printing house purchased Shapira's printing house and closed it as part of preparations for the printing of another edition of the Talmud. The cultural contexts discussed in the article are part of and shed light on predominant tensions within European Jewish society at the time: the dispute between the Ḥasidim and the Mitnaggedim, and the dispute between maskilim and traditionalists.


Distributed DC Power System is easy to integrate the renewable resources, and improve the efficiency of power generating and power supplying, but the system structures and the bus voltage range are lacking of the standards and specifications. To accommodate the Distributed DC Power System with wide bus voltage (260~400V), the bi-directional AC-DC converter consisted of dual active bridge (DAB) converter cascaded with full bridge converter is a proper scheme. In this paper, a coordinated control strategy for the aforementioned converter is studied. For the DAB stage, the PWM plus Phase Shift Control is implemented, and for the full bridge stage, the Double Frequency SPWM strategy is applied. Through the proposed control strategy, the mid-bus voltage between the two stages is selected to optimize the efficiency of both the two stages. The working principle is analyzed, and the control strategy is verified by simulation circuit (Saber). A 3kW prototype is designed, and the preliminary experiment is done. From the simulation and experiment result, the control strategy is verified to be feasible and the designed bi-directional AC-DC converter can achieve the goal to transfer power bi-directionally with the grid.


Abstract : The calculation of a recovery temperature based heat transfer coefficient proves to be sufficiently independent of wall temperature to use in a three dimensional, transient temperature model of a thermal protection system of a reusable booster concept. After a derivation of recovery temperature from the 1st law of thermodynamics, the weak dependence of the recovery temperature based heat transfer coefficient is investigated by 72 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models at angles of attack ranging from 0? to 90? over a range of Mach numbers, from Mach 2 to 5, and a variety of thermal boundary conditions at the wall, from isothermal to a conductive wall. Then, the heat transfer coefficient is calculated at many steady state CFD solutions for a reusable booster system concept on a given trajectory and applied to a transient Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a thermal protection system. Results are presented graphically.


With the large deployment of WLANs in public hotspots, mobile terminals can access network services anytime and anywhere. In the conventional IEEE 802.11, the terminal is usually connected to the AP(Access Point) with highest signal strength, which is prone to the problem of unbalanced AP load and the terminal service cannot operate normally. This paper proposes an access point load-balancing strategy based on service attribute in wireless network. It determines whether the AP is load balanced according to whether the current network status of the STA meets the requirements of service operation. If the AP is overloaded, the STA with poor running status is switched to other suitable AP. The optimal AP is calculated by the state information broadcasted by the APs in the network. The experimental simulation shows that the AP load balancing strategy based on the service attribute can guarantee the quality of service operation and achieve AP load balancing as a whole.


The gender-based violence in recent times has become an integral part of the on-going Boko Haram Insurgency in North-East Nigeria. Since the full-scale declaration of combat between the Nigerian state and the insurgent group, the asymmetrical tactics of the group have been evolving, based on its capabilities. The recent spike in the targeted raid and attack on female schools, markets, and female institutions purposely for abduction and kidnapping of women and girls indicated this assertion. Due to the depletion of its fighters and loss of territories, there is a surge in mass deployment of 'women and young girls' as material instruments of warfare: fighters, suicide bombers, human shields, bargaining tools, sex slaves, informants, and so on. This article appraises the gender push-pull factors responsible, motivation behind the current behavior, and proffers some policy guidance.


1 Method of calculation 6 Introduction 1 Model results 7 Acknowledgments 1 Isotropic earth 7 Theoretical development 1 Anisotropic earth 9 Derivation of the general solution to EM coupling 1 The real world: rock response and coupling removal 10 Horizontal component solution 3 Conclusions and computer results 13 Vertical component solution 3 Selected references 26


This paper examines the historiography of Hizb al-Tahrir in Surabaya. By tracking the history starting from its appearance in the history of Syria, the Middle East until he came to Indonesia, it can be concluded that the Hizb al-Tahrir in Surabaya ideologically cling to the Qur'an and the Sunna, and directed by them, in the form of consensus Sahabah and Qiyas, since only four references that are specified by the arguments hujjahnya qath'iy (definitely). Movement made by Hizb al-Tahrir Surabaya begins with the recruitment of members through the student movement, leaflets, and public media such as internet and web. Therefore, the network spread from Surabaya student level to the general public in several mosques and organizations . Key Words: Hizb al-Tahrir, Ideology, Network, Movement .


• Use random regression to test for individual variation in plasticity under a reaction norm perspective; • Add an additional response variable to the random regression, and test for an association between individual variation in intercepts/slopes and, for example, a single measure of lifetime fitness; • Show how 'character state' models, set up in terms of environment-specific subtraits, can equally be used to model individual variation in plasticity; • Add the fitness measure to the character state model to demonstrate why thinking about how selection acts on a trait in different environments may sometimes be a more intuitive way of looking at things than trying to estimate selection on "plasticity" (although both perspectives are valid).


Objetive: To evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms on the academics of the medicine course, in different semesters. Methods: The study group consisted of 233 students in the 3o to the 8o semester. "Beck Depression Inventory" (BDI) was applied to analyse the depressive symptomatology" the "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory" (Idate II) to the anxiety symptomatology. Results: The BDI varied from 0 to 44 points. 71.2% of them were classified as being without depressive symptomatology, 24.5% presented mild to moderate symptomatology, 3.4% moderate to severe and 0.9%, sever e. The Idate II sum during the semesters varied from 34 to 62 points. Regarding this inventory, 69.1% were classified with moderate anxiety symptomatology and 30.9% with high symptomatology. At any time it was not obtained a correlation between the BDI and the Idate II. Conclusion: The epidemiology of the depressive and anxiety symptomatology during the course suggests that those disorders are not limited to specific semesters. The medicine course of UNISUL presented lower rates of depressive symptoms than the literature, although 100% of the students manifested some degree of anxiety.


In this paper, a 1㎿ HAWT(FIL-1000) rotor blade has been designed by BEMT(Blade Element Momentum Theory) with Prandtl's tip loss. Also, a 3-D flow and performance analysis on the FIL-1000 rotor blade has been carried out by using the 3-D Navier-Stokes commercial solver (CFX-5.7) to provide more efficient design techniques to the large-scale HAWT engineers. The rated power and itsapproaching wind velocity at design point (TSR=7.5) are 1㎿ and 9.99m/s respectively. The rotor diameter is 54.5m and the rotating speed is 26.28rpm. Airfoils such as FFA W-301 , DU91-W-250, DU93-W-210, NACA 63418, NACA 63415 consist of the rotor blade from hub to tip. Recent CFX version, 5.7 was adopted to simulate 3-D flow field and to analyze the performance characteristics of the rotor blade. Entire mesh node number is about 730,000 and it is generated by ICEM-CFD to achieve better mesh quality. The predicted maximum power occurringat the design tip speed ratio is 931.45㎾. Approaching to the root, the inflow angle becomes large, which causesthe blade to be stalled in the region. Therefore, k-ω SST turbulence model was used to predict the quantitative flow information more accurately. Application of commercial CFD code to optimum blade design and performance analysis was proved to be more effective environment to HAWT blade designers.


In this study we could contribute to the development of a precise checking tool with which the reliability of the automatic fire detection systems was enhanced and the safety of the people was ensured. In the same way as the domestic technical standard, the portable smoke sensitivity tester, which was developed in this work, could be used to check the capability of the smoke detectors installed in the field. Its heater inside was warmed up to in 40 seconds and the paper as a smoke source was burned to produce smoke for the test. With the Photoelectric smoke detector it was possible to measure and control the smoke concentration in a range from 0%/m to 25%/m. With the adjustment of rpm of the fan, it was possible to keep a constant wind velocity in a range from 20cm/sec to 40cm/sec.


Experimental data for the phase behavior of poly(∈-caprolactone) (PCL) in mixtures of carbon dioxide with dichloromethane or chloroform over a range of external conditions are presented. Cloud point pressures were measured using a variable-volume view cell as functions of temperature, carbon dioxide-to-organic solvent ratio, and concentration of PCL. A high-molecular weight (M w = 124 200) PCL was used in all studies and at mass fractions of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03. For the adequate control of the carbon dioxide-to-organic solvent ratio, a new experimental procedure was employed that allows for a good control of the composition.


Several observational studies have indicated that vitamin D receptor activators (VDRA), including paricalcitol, are associated with greater survival in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. However, patients with higher serum parathyroid hormone, a surrogate of higher death risk, are usually given higher VDRA doses, which can lead to confounding by indication and attenuate the expected survival advantage of high VDRA doses.


In this paper the WSN model called COSMOS (cluster-based heterogeneous model for sensor networks) is described. A WSN model aiming at large size and scalability, COSMOS features a cluster-based, hierarchical network architecture. It comprises of a large number of low power, low cost sensors, presumably distributed in a large physical environment. The clusterheads of the whole WSN form a mesh-like topology which is equipped with more powerful transceiver that can communicate with any node within the cluster


In the 1980s higher education experienced a series of transformations, commencing the debates about a new model of higher education institutions - the community university - and also of an evaluative culture in Brazil. During the following decades, this model of institution tried to strengthen its bases in the higher education scenario of the country, showing its primary characteristics and its differences from the public and the private branches of higher education. These universities were instituted in various regions of the country with emphasis in the southern region, where a Consortium of the Gaucho Community Universities (COMUNG) was created. They also developed their own mechanism of evaluation, with concerns about (re)thinking its teaching, research, extension and management methods. The purpose of this research is to achieve an understanding of the institutional evaluation system in community universities in southern Brazil and to verify how social responsibility is inserted in the evaluation process. It also studies the historical and cultural processes and the adaptations that were necessary when the National Higher Education Evaluation System (SINAES) was created.


The use of enzymes to modify glycans, in order to generate uniform protein glycosylation for optimal bioactivity, or to test glycan‐structure function hypotheses, or in chemo‐enzymatic synthesis, has emerged as a transformative technology. However, there are no convenient cost‐effective methods for monitoring the progress of the enzyme reactions during in vitro glycoengineering.


This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Behavioral Skills Training (BST) program in improving personal safety skills for a Down syndrome adolescent with mild intellectual disability. Personal safety is defined as an ability to recognize touch appropriateness, including four self-protective skills, consisting of resisting, removing, telling others, and reporting about any inappropriate touch she/he experiences. The single-subject design was administered in three days. The results show that the program was effective to improved subject's personal safety skills and reached 97 % of the maximum score. The subject was able to master the skills of recognizing, resisting, removing and telling others with 100% score, while on the reporting skill, the obtained score was 83%.  Rerunning the program, specifically with reporting skill as the target, has been recommended to improve reporting skill. Overall, to improve the effectiveness of the program, in situ training, training for trainers, and providing reinforcements are suggested.


To solve the problem of difficulty and low efficiency in modeling of the overall tower, this paper puts forward finite element modeling method based on tower modular. Putting 2Z2E3 type tower as a carrier, the modularization theory as guidance, using large finite element software ANSYS, this tower was modular analyzed, such as division, establishment and assembly of module and the modal analysis of tower after assembly. As a result, the vibration period accords with the procedures requirement, which shows the feasibility of the tower modular modeling method, provides the basis and reference for further modular and parameterized modeling of tower.


We have observed that thin films of different undoped non-conjugated polymers exhibit high conductivity in metal–polymer–metal (M-P-M) structures. Below the critical temperature, Tc of the superconductivity of the contacts, a supercurrent in superconductor–polymer–superconductor (S-P-S) structures was obtained. Investigations of the current-voltage characteristics as a function of contact diameter at different locations on the polymer showed that only in some small channels does a high conductivity appear, whereas at other places a reversible on/off switching was obtained. We postulate that the conductivity effect is connected with the phenomenon of electrification. The electrons or holes are supplied by the electrodes which are in contact with the polymer. These injected charge carriers accumulate in localised states on different locations in the polymer matrix. As a result, a large inner electrical field appears in the polymer giving rise to local changes between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). In the high field region the forbidden gap can vanish, resulting in small channels with a high "metallic-like" conductivity of the polymer. At present, there exists no theory explaining all the peculiarities of the electrical transport observed. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Let S be a convex subset of a locally convex space E and K a compact subset of S. Let/:S—*F (a topological space) and g:K->-F be multifunctions. In this paper sufficient conditions are given for the existence of an xe K such that f(x)r^g(x)j^0. The result generalizes a recent theorem of Himmelberg (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 38 (1972), 205-207) and in special cases extends some of the other well-known results. The classical Tychonoff's fixed point theorem (7) has been extended to multifunctions by Browder (1), Fan (2), Glicksberg (4) and several others. Recently, Himmelberg (5) proved the following result, which is a general- ization of (2). Theorem 1 (Himmelberg). Let S be a nonvoid convex subset of a separated locally convex space E. Let f: S-+S be an u.s.c. multifunction such thatf(x) is closed and convex for each x e S, andf(S) is contained in some compact set K of S. Then f has a fixed point. The purpose of this paper is to extend Theorem 1. Recall that a multi- function/:^—*Yis a point to set function, assigning to each x e Xa non- empty subset/(x) of Y. If A^X, then f(A)=\J {/(x):x e A} and if #S Y, f-\B) = {x e X:f{x)f\B^0). It is obvious that if B=\J BtC Y, then/-1(5) = U/~1(5!). If X and Y are topological spaces, the multi- function /:X-*Y is upper semicontinuous iff for each closed set A^Y, f~Y(A) is a closed subset of X. It is point closed (convex, compact) iff for each x e X,f(x) is a closed (convex, compact) subset of Y. The proof of the following lemmas can be constructed directly from the definitions.


ACADEMIC Variable speed limits (VSL) are dynamic traffic management systems designed to increase the efficiency and safety of highways. While the macroscopic performance of VSL systems is well explored in the existing literature, there is a need to further understand the microscopic behavior of vehicles driving in VSL zones. Specifically, driver compliance to advisory VSL systems is quantified based on a driving-simulation experiment and introduced into a broader microscopic behavior model. Statistical analysis indicates that VSL compliance can be predicted based upon several VSL design parameters. The developed two-state microscopic model is calibrated to driving-simulation trajectory data. A calibrated VSL microscopic model can be utilized for new VSL control and macroscopic performance studies, adding an increased dimension of realism to simulation work. As an example, the microscopic model is implemented within VISSIM (overriding the default car-following model) and utilized for a safety-mobility performance assessment of an incident-responsive VSL control algorithm implemented in a MATLAB COM interface. Examination of the multi-objective optimization frontier reveals an inverse relationship between safety and mobility under different control algorithm parameters. Engineers are thus faced with a decision between performing multiobjective optimization and selecting a dominant VSL control objective (e.g. maximizing safety versus mobility performance). Modeling Microscopic Driver Behavior under Variable Speed Limits: A Driving Simulator and Integrated MATLAB-VISSIM Study Charles Arthur Conran ABSTRACT – GENERAL AUDIENCE GENERAL AUDIENCE Variable speed limits (VSL) are dynamic traffic management systems designed to increase the efficiency and safety of highways. While the system performance of VSL systems is well explored in previous research, there is a need to further understand the individual behavior of vehicles driving under VSL control. Specifically, driver compliance to advisory VSL systems is modelled based on a driving-simulation experiment. Low compliance equates to poor VSL performance so it is important for engineers to have the ability to predict compliance based on VSL design conditions. The compliance model is introduced into a driver behavior model that quantifies and predicts the driver decision process on VSL controlled highways. The driver behavior model parameters are set using data obtained from the driving-simulation experiment. Utilization of the developed driver behavior model will increase the accuracy of future simulation work on VSL system performance. In this study, the model is implemented within a traffic simulation software to conduct an assessment of the trade-offs between safety and mobility VSL performance for different VSL control designs. An accident is modelled in the simulation software, and VSL is utilized to respond to and alleviate the incident. Simulation results indicate an inverse relationship between safety and mobility performance – indicating that engineers must select a primary objective when selecting VSL control design parameters.


An application requirement is addressed that does not allow a conventional external vband to be used . An internal v-band design was done which satisfies the performance requirements . This report describes that design and the results of the analysis. The desired result of this analysis is to verify that the v-band will not fail under the applied load, the v-band is not self-locking and therefore fail to release when desired, the required expansion force is not greater than a specified limit, and that the natural vibration modes and frequencies do not present any anticipated problems (such as resonance and/or mode coupling) in the application . A successful design is illustrated using the output from a Finite Element Analysis . A sensitivity analysis indicates the importance and interrelationships between several key design parameters, a result that tends to agree with many years of v-band design experience at Sandia National Laboratories. Introduction A requirement for a cylindrical mechanical coupling device can easily be fulfilled with a conventional circular compression band restraint, typically termed a `v-band' . The v-band coupling technique is well understood for coaxial cylinders butted end-to-end . In the past this has typically been accomplished by providing a pair of matched engagement flanges on the outer surface of the cylinders l ' 2 and coupling the cylinders together using the engagement flanges and a circular compression band installed as shown in Figure 1 . Note the flanges and the v-band incorporate angled contact faces that translate a portion of the radial compression force into an axial force to effectively preload the butt joint . Figure 1 . A typical external v-band installation An application requirement for a v-band design was presented that did not allow conventional external v-band use, for a variety of reasons . An alternative internal v-band design was proposed which would satisfy the performance requirements . This report describes that design and the results of the analysis . The v-band is intended to be inserted inside a pair of cylindrical mating parts butted together end-to-end to provide a robust, decoupling mechanical joint, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 . A generic internal v-band installation


Patients with histidinemia were classified into two groups on the basis of their skin histidase activities: those with activity of less than 10% (group l), and those with activity of about 25% (group 2) of normal values. The skin histidase activities and the fasting levels of serum histidine of thirteen histidinemic patients detected by screening newborn infants, and ten siblings and twenty-five parents of patients were measured to investigate the hereditary patterns of the two types of histidinemia. The skin histidase activities of most parents of the histidinemic patients in groups 1 and 2 ranged between the upper values for the patients in each group and the lower values for the normal subjects. However, two fathers of patients in groups 1 and 2 could not be distinguished from the normal control subjects by the skin histidase activities and the fasting serum histidine concentrations. Although the skin histidase activities for some parents of the patients in group 1 overlapped those of the patients in group 2, these parents could be distinguished from the patients in group 2 by their fasting serum histidine concentrations. Thus, most parents of the patients in groups 1 and 2 could be distinguished from the histidinemic patients in the two groups and the normal individuals by measuring the skin histidase activities and the fasting serum histidine concentrations. However, it was difficult to distinguish the parents of the patients in group l from those of the patients in group 2. From these results, we deduced the inheritance patterns of our histidinemic families. (Acta Paediatr Jpn 23(2): 246 1981)


In this study, the feedback-linearisation (FBL) technique is employed to design a dc-dc boost voltage regulator feeding a grid-tied inverter for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The key feature of the proposed approach is that only a voltage control loop is used to generate the driving signal for the converter and no current control loop is required. Thereby, unlike the cascaded structure, the bandwidth of the voltage control loop can be specified only by the switching frequency as there is no need for an intermediate inner-loop. The major concern of this control scheme is its limited ability to eliminate completely the steady-state error under model uncertainty and unknown disturbance such as the PV current, which is considered as an unmatched disturbance. For this purpose, the unknown perturbation is estimated by a disturbance observer and compensated in the control law to drive the steady-state error to zero. With a fast disturbance estimation, the composite controller is able to retain the nominal transient performance specified with the FBL. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was verified by both simulation and experimental results, and a remarkable agreement was obtained while exhibiting excellent performances.


Summary: Utilizing a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay, hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) was detected in the cord serum of eight out of nine babies born to mothers who carried hepatitis B surface antigen together with HBeAg. The titer of HBeAg in the cord serum was much lower than that in the corresponding maternal serum, and escaped the detection by the conventional micro-Ouchterlony immunodiffusion. HBeAg in maternal and cord sera was fractionated into free and IgG-bound moieties by salt precipitation, and their proportion was compared in four pairs. In every pair tested, both free and IgG-bound HBeAg were found in the maternal serum, but only IgG-bound HBeAg was detected in the corresponding cord serum. Based on these results, IgG-bound HBeAg can be transmitted through the placenta, but free HBeAg may barely pass the placenta despite its much smaller size.Speculation: Among macromolecules present in the maternal circulation, only IgG is known to be transmitted into fetal circulation. The presence of IgG-bound HBeAg, but not of free HBeAg, in the cord serum of babies born to HBeAg-positive mothers suggests that IgG would be responsible for the materofetal transmission of HBeAg.


Citarum River, the longest river in West Java, is one of the most strategic rivers yet one of the most polluted rivers causing a series of floods throughout history. Understanding shallow flood deposits characteristics may infer the past flooding episode and predict future flood deposits distribution. This research aims to analyze grain size and elemental distributions of flood deposits found in the Citarum Riverbank Area at several districts in Bandung Regency, West Java. Shallow coring resulted in soil samples showing that the samples were dominated by clay and silt. Element analysis revealed that Si and Al are the major elements followed by high concentrations of Fe-oxide in all soil samples. Based on these findings, it is presumed that there were two major episodes of past-floods that occurred in the research area.


Rules and norms are critical to community governance. Live streaming communities like Twitch consist of thousands of micro-communities called channels. We conducted two studies to understand the micro-community rules. Study one suggests that Twitch users perceive that both rules transparency and communication frequency matter to channel vibe and frequency of harassment. Study two finds that the most popular channels have no channel or chat rules; among these having rules, rules encouraged by streamers are prominent. We explain why this may happen and how this contributes to community moderation and future research.


Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a risk factor for non-adherence to HIV treatment for women, however the evidence on the impact of IPV on uptake of the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) cascade is inconclusive. We examined data from 433 HIV positive pregnant women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, enrolled between April 2013 and August 2014 and followed-up through 6 weeks postpartum. Participants were asked about their IPV experiences in a face-to-face interview at enrollment. Measures of PMTCT cascade included: uptake of clinical appointments and services, viral suppression, and adherence to antiretrovirals (ARV). Approximately half of the sample (51%) had experienced some form of IPV; 35% had experienced emotional abuse, 29% physical abuse, and 19% sexual abuse. There were no statistically significant associations between experiencing any form of IPV and uptake of clinical appointments and services (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio [aPR] = 1.02; 95% [CI]: 0.89–1.17), viral load suppression (aPR = 1.07, 95% CI:0.96–1.19) and ARV adherence (aPR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.87–1.18). Findings from this study indicate that, among HIV-infected pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT care, experiencing IPV does not reduce adherence to clinic visits and services, adherence to ARV. The high prevalence of IPV in this population suggests that IPV screening and intervention should be included as part of standard care for PMTCT.


Measurements have been conducted in an anechoic chamber for a comparison to current acoustic theory with regard to radiation directivity from a cylindrical pipe with toneholes. Several difficulties arise in measurements of this sort, including (1) the generation of sufficient driving signal strength at the pipe input for pickup by an external microphone; (2) external source‐to‐pickup isolation; (3) measurement contamination due to nonlinear driver distortion. Time‐delay spectrometry using an exponentially swept sine signal was employed to determine impulse responses at points external to the experimental air column. This technique is effective in clearly isolating nonlinear artifacts from the desired linear system response along the time axis, thus allowing the use of a strong driving signal without fear of nonlinear distortion. The experimental air column was positioned through a wall conduit into the anechoic chamber such that the driver and pipe input were located outside the chamber while the open pip...


YHUSANTI PRATIWI SAYOGO, 210110060327, 2012. This research is titled "The Meaning and Implementatin of Journalism in the Participating Students of ' My School Page ' in Hai Magazine" . It was supervised by Dra. Hj. Henny Sri Mulyani, M.Si. as the primary supervisor and Gumgum Gumilar, S.Sos., M.Si. as the associate supervisor. Journalism Studies Department, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Padjadjaran University.This research was aimed to figure out how the participating students in Hai Magazine's My School Page constructed journalism through their journalistic activities. The data of this research is obtained through phenomenology analysis of in-depth interviews and literature study. The subjects of this research are the actively participating students in Hai Magazine's My School Page. This research has shown that the participating students in Hai Magazine's My School Page conducted their journalistic activities through externalisation, objectivation, and internalisation. The research has discovered three findings. Firstly, in the process of externalisation, the attempts of the informants to enter the realm of journalism were influenced by the people around them. Secondly, in the process of objectivation, the informants produced journalistic works through the process of interaction by conducting journalistic activities. Lastly, in the process of internalisation, the self-concept and meaning were formed through the conducted journalistic activities.This research concluded that the participating students in Hai Magazine's My School Page have had a certain view on journalism as an activity with the purpose of gathering, processing, and disseminating information, including views, to the parties involved in it with their abilities. Being journalism practitioners, to the participating students, was a way to know and experience the work of mass media. The participating students also viewed Hai Magazine's My School Page as a bridging to the school as well as a means of learning journalism in both theoretical and direct practices. The researcher therefore suggests that more researches are conducted with the use of students as research subjects instead of objects or respondents in journalism-related issues. Keywords: The Meaning and Implementatin of Journalism


A four years old Crossbred cow was presented in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC) showing the signs of continuous straining. An attempt to deliver the fetus by manual handling was performed in field but only the fore limbs of the fetus could be retracted from the birth canal. Upon failing to deliver the fetus, the case was referred to TVCC, Khanapara. A thorough examination revealed the condition was also associated with feto-pelvic disproportion leading to inability to deliver the fetus. The case was subjected for immediate Cesarean Section. The animal showed progressive signs of recovery on 7 th day onwards with normal body temperature, appetite, stool and urine.


CEREBELLAR STIMULATION has long been known to evoke eye movements (I 1, 20). Such evoked movements have been reinvestigated by many others (e.g., 8, 19, 21, 28) and most recently by Cohen et al. (5). There is not much agreement among the many studies concerning which areas of the cerebellum produce eye movements when stimulated and the nature and direction of those movements. The only agreement is that stimulation of the vermis, lobes VI and VII, evoke ipsilateral, horizontal eye movements (5, X7, 18, 20, 21). The most controversial results relate to stimulation of the hemispheres. A variety of eye movements have been reported that included ipsilateral, horizontal movements (20), nystagmus, contralateral or up movements (8), and rotatory up movements (11). Controversial results were also obtained from cerebellar nuclei stimulation. Stimulation of some areas of the cerebellum were considered to evoke eye movements without any apparent correlation between the site stimulated and the direction of the evoked movement (5, 8, 9, 18, 19). Often, the results from only one or two sites in a given cerebellar subdivision were reported rather than a thorough local exploration. The fact that there is not a single cerebellar structure from which stimulation by one or another investigator did not evoke eye movements would imply that they are represented everywhere in the cerebellum. Eye movements were not the primary interest of most investigators (11, 18, 19, 21, 25, 28); the eye movements were not studied in detail and descriptions of them were qualititative and subjective. Studies done on anesthetized animals are difficult to inter-


Strain balanced silicon-silicon germanium type-II superlattice p-i-n photodetectors grown on a silicon germanium relaxed buffer layer are shown to exhibit an absorption band that extends beyond 0.7 eV (λ = 1.77 μm) with dark current densities of 27 μA cm−2. Simulations of the absorption edge, which are based on x-ray diffraction characterization, low observed dark current densities, and low dislocation densities, are consistent with fully strained heterostructures. Potential applications for devices made from this heterostructure design could include integrated silicon detectors, or low-noise absorption regions for infrared-extended silicon based avalanche photodiodes.


This article analyzes the results of modern studies evaluating the effect of low intensity noise signals of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) extremely high frequency (EHF) and the Terahertz (Thz) bands on biological systems of different levels of Organization (cells, tissues, and body). Focuses on functional regulation focused on cellular activity, mikrogemokrovotoka, biochemical metabolism and gemoreologii from the various frequency-power parameters of the radiation.


Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick‐transmitted Gram‐negative obligate intracellular bacterium able to infect a wide variety of wild and domestic animals worldwide. Based on the genetic diversity observed with different molecular markers, several groups have been delineated more or less related to the host. Roe deer is one of the most important reservoir of this bacterium, hosting different genetic groups sometimes also found on domestic animals. We therefore developped an ankA cluster specific nested PCR to evaluate the prevalence of the three different ankA genetic groups described in roe deer (clusters II, III and IV) in three locations in France and the level of co‐ infections. The specificity of the three nPCR was attested by sequencing a portion of ankA genes for 35 amplicons from mono‐infected as well as co‐infected animals. The three genetic lineages were detected in roe deer from all three geographical locations. Co‐infections by two or three different genetic variants represented about half of the infected deer populations (from 42.9 to 70.6%), depending on the population analyzed due to different local infection prevalences (from 33.3 to 73.9%). All types of mixed infections occurred, excluding a strict variant exclusion by another variant. Genetic variants also found on ill cattle (cluster IV) are maintained in all analyzed roe.


Dear Thank you for submitting your manuscript, "Analysis of phone-errors in Reading Disabled children", to the Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology (JARO). I am sorry to inform you that your manuscript is not accepted for publication. The reviewers and the handling editor have provided detailed comments on your manuscript, which we hope you find helpful as you proceed with your investigations. Thank you for your interest in JARO. #2: What causes the phonological difficulties of children with dyslexia remains hotly debated. Here, a study was designed to investigate phonological awareness in children with reading difficulties. Although the topic is interesting, the manuscript presents a number of flaws, errors and/or inaccuracies that make it unsuitable for publication. Here are my main concerns about this work: The very definition of "reading difficulties" is disconnected from the established literature on the topic. The manuscript refers to "children (who) never learn to read", in a proportion of "more than 15%" (line 89) or "15-20%" (line 22), without "dysfunctional brain". The manuscript also makes a "strong parallel … with hearing impairment". None of these claims are adequately substantiated by references, and all of them are, in fact, wrong. See for example Lyon, Shaywitz & Shaywitz, 2003; or Vellutino, Fletcher & Snowling, 2004 for exhaustive descriptions of the reading deficit. Note that references must come from peer-reviewed scientific articles, not from the general press (Hanford, 2018). In short, children with reading difficulties can read but are are-prone and slow, the prevalence is typically estimated under 10% (Wagner et al., 2020), the deficit has a neurobiological origin - reading difficulties cannot be attributed to a sensory deficit such as hearing impairment. In addition to the general inaccuracies about reading difficulties, the manuscript omits a large portion of the recent literature on speech perception in noise. This literature converges to show intact speech perception in optimal, quiet environments; but deficits in noisy environments Following


THIS is not an easy subject to handle because it involves speculation as to what might happen in the future and because there is very little precedent to go by. The first question is: Just what is a national emergency? Are we in one now? I should say that we are not. Some would say that we are in an emergency at present, because of high taxes, heavy national debt, unbalanced budgets, the relief problem, the labor problem, and government meddling with business. But I shall not touch on this phase of the question. Although the present European war has not caused a national emergency, it raises many problems, some of which involve market research. I would call it a situation fraught with danger, or a semiemergency. A real emergency would exist, of course, if we were drawn into the


In this paper, two compact implicit finite difference methods are developed and analyzed for solving the one-dimensional time fractional diffusion equation. The temporal derivative is approximated by using Grunwald–Letnikov formula. Compact finite difference approximation is used for the second-order derivative in space. The local truncation errors are discussed. The stability analysis and the convergence of the proposed methods are investigated by means of Fourier series method. A comparison between the results of these methods and the exact solution is made. Numerical tests are given to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the methods.


This thesis describes the work process in creating a design concept for a website to a company in the graphics industry. It stems from a human-centered design perspective in creating the concept for the website. A big part of this work has been the preparatory work in creating a target group definition and develop strategies to create a concept. Proven methods in interaction design have been used with focus on prototyping. The result is presented in the form of a graphic profile and a visual design proposal of a website which has been based on user testing prototypes. This thesis discusse the importance of a human-centered design perspective when creating a concept of a website. By using a human-centered design perspective the user is kept in focus throughout the whole design process which also promotes the created products.


We propose an analysis of the susceptibility dynamic range and the passivity of a metasurface collimating the radiation of an electric dipole. The metasurface is mathematically synthesized for the case of zero reflection and the case of non-zero reflection. The longitudinal phase and polarization angle of both transmitted and reflected plane waves are varied to investigate the resulting dynamic range of the susceptibilities. We found that a trade-off exists between the passivity and the range of spatial variations of the metasurface.


J. A. Bennett has extensively surveyed the instruments and apparatus associated with the work of the prolific 17th-century natural philosopher, Robert Hooke (1)*. In his account Bennett notes that Hooke's microscopical researches and associated apparatus are so well known as to call for little further comment. There is perhaps one justifiable exception to this observation, namely the microscope lamp described and illustrated by Hooke in the Micrographia (2). It appears likely that this lamp, described by Hooke as ' much beyond any hitherto made use of by any I know ', is identical with the somewhat obscure 17th-century optical device known as a scotoscope. If this is the case then the identification provides the solution to a minor lexicographical problem, and helps interpret some otherwise obscure microscopical observations that form the subject of an entry in Samuel Pepys's diary.


: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a vascular disease which is characterized by abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells leading to occlusion of pulmonary arterioles, right ventricular hypertrophy and death. Interstitial lung diseases are a diverse group of diseases mainly characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the pulmonary interstitium. The association of pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease is well known. Increased morbidity and mortality was observed when pulmonary hypertension presents in a patient with interstitial lung disease. The management of pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease is a challenge. We report a case of 60 year old female with severe pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease, who was treated with mycophenolate mofetil along with steroid and antihypertensive drug. Mycophenolate mofetil reduced nocturnal oxygen requirement to 50% after 6 months of treatment and resulted in discontinuation of oxygen therapy after one year of treatment. Profound improvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension and little improvement in interstitial lung disease were observed with no adverse effects.


Linking the actual status of China enterprise,the basic theories of mass modularization was brought forward.The key technologies which include the technology of the product date manager,the technology of product innovation and technology of modularization design were discussed.


The automatic procedure of real-time quality control (QC) of telemetric rain gauge measurements ( G ) has been developed to produce quantitative precipitation estimates mainly for the needs of operational hydrology. The developed QC procedure consists of several tests: gross error detection, a range check, a spatial consistency check, a temporal consistency check, and a radar and satellite conformity check. The output of the procedure applied in real-time is quality index QI ( G ) that quantitatively characterised quality of each individual measurement. The QC procedure has been implemented into operational work at the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management since 2016. However, some elements of the procedure are still under development and can be improved based on the results and experience collected after about two years of real-time work on network of telemetric rain gauges


The notion of Cyber Physical Systems is based on using recent computing, communication, and control methods to design and operate intelligent and autonomous systems that can provide using innovative technologies. The existence of several critical applications within the scope of cyber physical systems results in many security and privacy concerns. On the other hand, the distributive nature of these CPS increases security risks. In addition, certain CPS, such as medical ones, generate and process sensitive data regularly, hence, this data must be protected at all levels of generation, processing, and transmission. In this paper, we present a taxonomy based analysis for the state of the art work on security issues in CPS. We identify four types of analysis for security issues in CPS: Modeling, Detection, Prevention, and Response. In addition, we identified six applications of CPS where security is relevant: eHealth and medical, smart grid and power related, vehicular technologies, industrial control and manufacturing, autonomous systems and UAVs, and finally IoT related issues. Then we mapped existing works in the literature into these categories.


Using data on 119 low- and lower-middle income countries from 2002 to 2020, we apply fixed-effects (FE) methods to evaluate the impacts of three different classifications of development assistance on access to three types of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services: access to skilled birth attendance, prevalence of modern contraceptives, and coverage of antiretroviral therapies against HIV/AIDS. The results suggest that aid has had a small, but positive effect on these outcomes over this period. For example, SRH aid has increased service coverage rates by between 0.190 and 0.628 percentage points. The results also indicate that the effect of aid has improved across the period and is larger in low-income countries compared with lower-middle income countries. The findings also indicate that bilateral aid may be somewhat more effective than other types of aid. Importantly, the results suggest that development assistance is more effective if it reaches a certain share of overall health spending. The findings are robust to a series of sensitivity checks. The results of the study lend support to the continued allocation of aid to low-income countries to support the provision of sexual and reproductive health services. Both providers and recipients of SRH aid would be advised to identify ways to improve the effectiveness of development assistance in this area.


Many scientists will be visiting the new central services building at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble when the high-brilliance x-ray source becomes operational next year. EPS had the honour to baptise in a certain sense the building, as it was the site for this year's Annual Meeting of the EPS Associate Mem bers. The meeting was hosted by Professor R. Haensel, ESRF Director-General, and by Dr. J. Charvolin, Director of the adjacent Institut Laue-Langevin that now shares some services with the ESRF. Invited guests and delegates from some 40 Associates participated in a round-table discussion on the role of large-scale facil ities, starting with presentations by Directors of centres. Each talk led to a fair amount of interesting comment so there was little time left for an extensive general discussion be fore visiting nearby laboratories.


Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of hepatic lobectomy or segmentec- tomy for early intrahepatic cholelithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 20 patients with intrahepatic cholelithiasis receiving hepatic lobectomy or segmentectomy from 1980 to 2002 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results Accounting for 14.29% of the total hepatectomy-treated intrahepat- ic cholelithiasis cases in that period of time,these 20 cases underwent different types of regular partial hepatectomy including the left anterior lobectomy in 8,left lobectomy in 2,left superior lobectomy in 2,left inferior lobectomy in 2,right posterior lobectomy in 3,right posterior inferior lobectomy in 2 and right frontier partial lobectomy in 1.Choledochotomy was combined in 12 cases and preventive chole-enterostomy in 1.Postoperative complications occurred in 3 cases and no patient died.All the 20 cases were followed up for 3-14 years and the excellent rate was as high as 95%.Conclusions Hepa- tectomy can achieve good results in treatment of early intrahepatic cholelithiasis.


The present invention relates to a rail corrugation detection method comprising the following steps: Step 1, when excited by the normal rail train calculated average noise the LS; step 2, when the monitoring point rail excitation time monitoring of a single train noise value LT ; step 3, the noise according to the noise average value LS and LT calculating the instantaneous rail corrugation index; when the instantaneous rail corrugation index greater than or equal to 1, this train by the recording time; step 4 is calculated from this moment on the train through a number of all trains within hours when excited by rail monitoring points the LR average noise statistics; step 5, calculate the first wave and the second wave index grinding mill according to the noise average index LS and the LR average noise statistics; step 6, when the first when the index is greater than a corrugation, the corrugation issue an alarm; when the index is greater than a second wave grinding issue an alarm to replace the rail. The present invention can dynamically monitor rail corrugation case, in addition to be able to detect the corrugation phenomenon, also be able to detect generated during corrugation, which can identify problems and timely warning.


The author investigated 24 Chinese professional volleyball clubs and found chief problems: lacking of matches and experiences, management lagging behind and being irrelevant with the system and the level of economy, unpromising capital and law welfare, lacking of communication with media, immature establishment and management systems of clubs.


We present a numerical method which detects the presence and position of a bifurcation simplex, a regular (k + 1)-dimensional simplex, which may be considered as a "fat bifurcation point", in the curve of zeroes of the C1 map f : Rk+1 → Rk. On the other hand, a bifurcation simplex appears in the neighbourhood of the bifurcation point, meaning that we have a method to approximately locate the bifurcation point as well. The method does not require any estimation of the derivative of the function f and refers to the values of the map f only through the vertices of certain triangulation. The bifurcation simplex is detected by a change in the value of the Brouwer degree of the restriction of the map f to the appropriate k-simplex. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 65H10, 65H20 .


The medical chemistry is one of the most important basic courses in medical education.A very important step for medical education reform is the application of bilingual education,in which the multimedia technique was applied.In this paper the making techniques and application of multimedia courseware for medical chemistry were discussed to improve bilingual education of medical chemistry.


ABSTRACT This essay hazards a new reading of the most famous passage in Western literature: "To be, or not to be" from William Shakespeare's Hamlet. With this line, Hamlet poses his personal struggle, a question of life and death, as a metaphysical problem, as a question of existence and nothingness. However, "To be, or not to be" is not what it seems to be. It seems to be a representation of tragic angst, yet a consideration of the context of the speech reveals that "To be, or not to be" is actually a satire of philosophy and Shakespeare's representation of the theatricality of everyday life. In this essay, a close reading of the context and meaning of this passage leads into an attempt to formulate a Shakespearean image of philosophy.