Task Description Pairs of students were asked to collaborate on a two-part assignment. The first part was an analysis of four Websites. The second part was an assessment of how the technology mediated their assignment communication. To complete the first part, students selected four Websites from one of three categories: business, sports, or education. They applied the following criteria: layout and design elements, con-


Road circulation can be negatively affected and traffic jams created, despite economic benefits, when logistics distribution activity warehouses are set up in port regions. This can be translated, in the long run, into a disincentive to the very location of port logistics activities, as well as loss of time for workers who drive along port area arteries. The significant road congestion case study determined by the location of many of Rotterdam's European Distribution Centres (EDCs) is described in this article, which then analyzes whether innovative 'hybrid logistics' model spreading (e.g. use of both regional inland warehouses and centralized warehouses in port regions), which some scholars recently pointed out, can have further negative road congestion effects in European port areas. This article concludes that the new hybrid logistics models may actually have positive effects on road congestion reduction in port areas if there is adequate integration of intermodal transport systems from ports to the inland within the distribution logistics networks both through inland terminal creation to provide room for distribution centers and policies that support and coordinate sea to land intermodal transport, contrary to what some researchers assume.


Objective It is purposed to describe and analyze incidence of injury among rural residents in Yongledian community,Beijing to provide scientific evidence for its effective preventiona and control.Methods Surveillance data on injury from sentinel hospitals in Tongzhou,Beijing were collected,described and analyzed with an ad hoc software for national injury surveillance to establish a database by SPSS version 13.0 software.Results Annual incidence of injury averaged 8.33 percent in Yongledian community during 2006 to 2008,with a standardized incidence of 9.00 percent,leading causes of falls on the same level and falls from high places,animal bites and injury by blunt objects,and annual mortality of injury was 6.46 per 100 000 and a standardized mortality of 8.40 per 100 000.Incidecne of injury was higher in children than that in the other age groups,with a sex ratio of 1.7 and the highest in the summer.Conclusion It is necessary to prevent injury in Yongledian community,especially for indoor injury.


This is the official report from the two day international, multidisciplinary, cross-sectoral conference at University of Sheffield in June 2017.


As the population ages, we can expect to see more elderly patients with calcaneal fractures. Age alone does not reflect a person's health or functional status, and should not, therefore, be used as a contraindication to surgical fixation. We report on the management of all patients over 65 years with calcaneal fractures receiving treatment at our institution over a 14-year period. Seventy-three patients >65 years old with 76 calcaneal fractures treated from 1990 to 2004 were identified from a trauma database. A review of clinical notes was performed; demographics, co-morbidities, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, and management data were collected. For patients receiving operative treatment the fracture classification, operative indications, treatment and outcomes were reviewed. Twenty-seven patients with 29 fractures were treated without fixation, and 46 patients with 47 fractures were treated with fracture fixation. When compared with non-operatively treated patients, those treated operatively had lower mean injury severity scores (8.9 vs. 17.2) and fewer mean co-morbidities (1.0 vs. 2.2). Fractures were treated operatively either with an extensile lateral approach, small incision fixation, or a push screw. Follow-up (two weeks to 50 months) was available on all patients treated operatively, and radiographic follow-up was available on 32 patients. Wound infection and persistent drainage was seen in three and two patients, respectively. There was one non-union. One subtalar fusion was required. Eleven patients subsequently required plate removal. This retrospective review demonstrates that operative treatment of calcaneal fractures in carefully selected, elderly patients can result in good outcomes with acceptable complication rates. The complication profile for patients over 65 with calcaneus fractures appears to be similar to younger patients.


This study aims to analyze the correlation between control corruption and political stability, macro variables on economic growth in Asia. Study population consist of 47 countries, employing secondary data from Worldwide Governance Indicators, World Development Indicators, and United Nations Development Programme. The data were analyzed using dynamic panel  regression (GMM) during 2002-2018 period with Stata 14 software. The result of the analysis shows control corruption and political stability positively affect economic growth. Macroeconomic variables consist of foreign direct investment and human capital positively affects economic growth. While government size has no significant effect on economic growth. The findings of this study confirms that economic growth can be increased through reducing levels of corruption, strong political stability, increase capital inflow, optimally government consumption especially increasing portion of the education budget and creating jobs widely.


Recent approaches to question answering (QA) attempt to model the relation between existing question-answer pairs, and apply this model to the construction of answers to novel questions. In this paper we study whether a question and its answer can be related using simple word occurence features, and whether this relational model can improve the passage retrieval task of a QA pipeline. We argue that in this context, words appearing in answers in analogous question-answer pairs may represent the information needs of query, thus may also appear in other passages which have some analogical or related features. We attempt to leverage this through query expansion strategies. In our experimental setting, analogy is measured as the similarity between word occurences of related question and answer pairs, and is modeled using the Bayesian Analogical Reasoning (BAR) framework. The resulting model is used to rank retrieved candidate answer passages. Experiments using the ResPubliQA 2009 and 2010 collections show that the analogy-based query expansion does not perform better than the baseline method, but may suggest better performance using more sophisticated linguistic features.


The thought of "respecting virtues and protecting the people" of the Zhou Dynasty contains three aspects of economic ethics: (1) the ethical thought of eliminating laziness and that of supporting parents; (2) objection to benefitial monoply to advocate justice of distribution; (3) the consumptive idea of being thrifty. All these thoughts are characterized by a nature of economic ethics based on virtues.


The lack of conventional availability of plant Kumis Kucing makes tissue culture techniques used as a solution to overcome this problem. In tissue culture, media is a major factor in producing a good crop of plantlets. Media Murashige & Skoog (MS), Lloyd & McCown Woody Plant (WPM) media was used in the induction of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq cat whiskers callus culture, in this study also used growth regulators in the form of 2,4-D added to each-individual media. The results showed the best callus growth occurred in Murashige & Skoog (MS) media compared to the Lloyd & McCown Woody Plant (WPM) media, where the callus produced was 3.28 g on MS media.


The authors have developed a PAGE assay to measure tyrosine kinase (PK-T) activity in cell extracts. HL-60 cells were extracted sequentially with 0.1% and 1.0% Triton X-100 buffer to obtain soluble and membrane-bound proteins, respectively. Extracts were separated by PAGE at 4/sup 0/ and gels were incubated in the presence of the substrate Glu:Tyr (4:1) and an assay mixture containing Mn/sup + +/, Mg/sup + +/ and (..gamma../sup 32/P)ATP. Gels were washed in TCA:PPi, dried and autoradiographed. 0.1% Triton extracts of untreated cells in log phase displayed several PK-T activities of which the major species was approx.75 kD; 1% Triton extracts exhibited only residual 75 kD PK-T. In contrast, induction of differentiation in HL-60 cells with optimal concentrations of DMSO, retinoic acid, 1.25(OH)/sub 2/ vitamin D/sub 3/, phorbol ester, immune interferon (IFN-..gamma..) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced the appearance of a approx.170 kD PK-T in the 1% Triton extracts and a reduction of the 75 kD PK-T in the 0.1% Triton extracts. The 170 kD PK-T could also utilize Glu:Tyr (6:3:1), histone H/sub 1/, pp60/sup src/ substrate Lys-14-Gly and vinculin as substrates but not Glu:Tyr (1:1). The 170 kD PK-T appeared within 2 days after treatment with 2500 ..mu../mlmore » of IFN-..gamma.. or 100 ..mu../ml of TNF and its appearance coincided with the induction of the monocyte phenotype. These results suggest that the appearance of the 170 kD PK-T is related to the mature granulocyte or monocyte phenotype. Studies are in progress with radiolabeled IFN-..gamma.. to determine if the 170 kD PK-T is related to the IFN-..gamma.. receptor.« less


Random and block copolymerizations of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) macromonomers having an exo-norbornene group at the α- or ω-chain end (D/L ratio = 1/1, Mn = ca. 5000 g mol–1) were performed via ring-opening metathesis polymerization to produce the brush random and block copolymers consisting of parallel or antiparallel aligned PLLA and PDLA side chains on a poly(norbornene) backbone. The molecular weight and polydispersity index of the brush copolymers were in the range of 40 300–458 000 g mol–1 and 1.03–1.14, respectively. Despite such high molecular weights, these brush copolymers formed a stereocomplex without homochiral crystallization. The melting temperature (Tm) and crystallinity (X) of the resulting stereocomplex varied depending on the backbone length, relative chain direction, and distribution of the PLLA/PDLA side chains. The parallel brush copolymers showed significantly higher Tm and X values than the antiparallel ones.


This case involved a claim for damages under Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1934 and the Fatal Accidents Act 1976 on account of the death of a man known as Mr Rohan Rupasinghe ("the deceased"). The deceased had died as a result of the defendant's negligence. The claim under the 1976 Act was brought by deceased's widow, Dr Kumari Rupasinghe.


There is strong evidence in support of a beneficial relationship between acute physical activity (PA) and cognitive performance. However, the biological mechanisms through which this relationship operates are currently unknown. Although findings from both rodent and human research suggest brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein vital to the form and function of the brain, as a potential mechanism, results from studies exploring the acute PA-BDNF-cognitive performance relationship have been mixed. The focus of the present study was to elucidate this relationship by assessing cognitive performance (i.e., memory) and acute PA-induced changes in BDNF concentrations. An experimental design utilizing a randomized control trial was used to allow for inferences of causality within the acute PA-BDNF-cognitive performance relationship. Results showed that acute light intensity PA significantly improved memory performance compared to acute vigorous intensity PA or a control (non-PA) condition. Additionally, acute PA was shown to have a non-significant effect on BDNF concentrations. Findings from this research do not support BDNF as a biological mechanism for the acute PA-cognitive performance relationship.


Abstract Optogenetic and photopharmacological tools to manipulate neuronal inhibition have limited efficacy and reversibility. We report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Fulgazepam, a fulgimide derivative of benzodiazepine that behaves as a pure potentiator of ionotropic γ‐aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) and displays full and reversible photoswitching in vitro and in vivo. The compound enables high‐resolution studies of GABAergic neurotransmission, and phototherapies based on localized, acute, and reversible neuroinhibition.


The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of moisture content of sunflower expanded material on the quality of the extracted oil by determining its wax, phospholipids, and tocopherol content and composition. Sunflower oil extraction is carried out in a batch extractor at 50 °C using hexane and three moisture levels (5.65, 12.40, and 18.92% dry basis). The increasing moisture content causes an increment in both oil yield and total amount of minor compounds. The total wax content ranges between 808 and 1118 ppm, the wax fraction is composed mainly of esters of between 44 and 58 carbon atoms (>67%), and the distribution does not change with the moisture content. In all the experiments, α‐ and β‐tocopherols and β‐tocotrienol are detected, with the level of α‐tocopherol being higher than 93% and easier to extract at 12.40% moisture. Furthermore, the phospholipids content in the oil increases with moisture content but maintains its profile composition. The obtained results can be explained in terms of water activity and the effect of moisture and hexane extraction on solid structure, studied by scanning electron microscopy. In brief, the moisture content of the collets not only affects the oil yield but also the content of minor compounds, the intermediate moisture rendering the better oil yield and quality. Practical Applications: The data obtained provides updated information on oil yield and quality associated with moisture content of sunflower collets, useful to select the optimal operating conditions for oil extraction and to establish a trade‐off between performance and quality. Sunflower collets are conditioned in their moisture content to determine the isotherm sorption and the effects on the oil extraction and quality.


The necessity is verified analytically and experimentally of the two-dimensional vibration analysis for the high-intensity ultrasonic system with a large diameter. By the joint use of the modal analysis with the finite element method, the two-dimensional vibration analysis program is made so as to be able to deal with the vibrational and piezoelectric behaviours of a body. On the basis of the respective results analyzed and measured by means of the program and the time-average holography, the followings are obtained : (1) The analyzed values coincide with the measured values. (2) The ultrasonic system with a large diameter must be analyzed by the two-dimensional vibration analysis method. (3) The program can be applied to analysis and design of the ultrasonic system.


Six-link manipulation robot with conventional non-inertia drive and control system of 3-D coordinate system movements in many-dimensional smooth manifold of space positions based on inverse dynamic solution are covered in this work. A program of manipulation robot's mechanical gripper moving object from its home position to a given one as well as a program of movement using set initial and final zero velocity value on the trajectory are detailed. We found and covered graphs on control alteration, generalized coordinates change and mechanical gripper's operating point coordinates shift. Conditions when generalized coordinates of the mechanical gripper's operating point change corresponds to some degree of pitch from linear movement pattern are specified. Calculations were made using MatLab computing environment.


Active trapping mechanisms constitute some of the most spectacular examples for how carnivorous plants catch their prey. Recently, we showed that the Pimpernel Sundew (Drosera glanduligera Lehm.) possesses active combined catapult-flypaper- traps which work with a sophisticated two-step mechanism: after mechanical stimulation, elongated marginal snap-tentacles at the trap periphery rapidly fling the prey, often with its dorsal side first, onto sticky glue-tentacles on the leaf blade within less than 1/10 second. Subsequently, stimulated mechanically by the impact, slower glue-tentacles lift the prey into a deeply concave leaf-center where digestion takes place. The snap-tentacles have been analyzed in respect to their kinematics, functional morphology and anatomy, and our observations confirm a complex adaptation to carnivory.


Es werden die Schwingungsfrequenzen des NH-Ions in Erdalkaliamiden angegeben und Kraftkonstanten eines modifizierten Valenzkraftfeldes berechnet. Zwischen den Valenzkraftkonstanten fur die NH-Bindung und den Ionenradien der Kationen besteht annahernd ein linearer Zusammenhang. Hierfur wird eine physikalische Deutung gegeben.

Vibration frequencies of the NH ion in the amides of the alkaline earth metals are reported, and force constants of a modified valence force field are calculated. There is an approximately linear relationship between the stretching force constants for the NH bond and the ionic radii of the cations. A physical explanation for this observation is given.


We discuss optical interconnect technologies for intra-datacenter networks and show that with the network speed moving up to 100Gb and 400G, no single technology can satisfies the need of all datacenters.


The upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) gene has been shown to play an essential role as the cause of familial combined hyperlipidemia, and there are several association studies on the relationship between USF1 and metabolic disorders. In this study, we analyzed two single nucleotide polymorphisms in USF1 rs2073653 (306A>G) and rs2516840 (1748C>T) between the case (dyslipidemia or obesity) group and the control group in premenopausal females, postmenopausal females, and males among 275 Korean subjects. We observed a statistically significant difference in the GC haplotype between body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and BMI <25 kg/m2 groups in premenopausal females (χ2=4.23, p=0.04). It seems that the USF1 GC haplotype is associated with BMI in premenopausal Korean females.


Academic discernment,professional understanding and professional insight ability are important to editors of university journals.Editor′s academic skills should be advanced with the times.With the aid of university academic environment,editors should enhance the academic capacity through further education,assisted teaching,and teaching and scientific research.


This paper serves as a review of the most recent literature on the effects of chronic noise exposure on the health of human listeners. The auditory effects of occupational and other exposure to noise have been well researched and the prevention and treatment of noise-induced hearing loss is largely understood. However, as the populations of urban areas and large city centers grow, the interest in the non-auditory health effects of exposure to environmental noise such as transportation noise, aircraft noise, and other community noise has also increased. Within the past few years, several new studies have been conducted strengthening the evidence for a link between exposure to high levels of environmental noise and ill-health, especially with regards to cardio-vascular and endocrine health, immune function, sleep loss, and mental health. The research covered in this review is inclusive of human experimental, epidemiological, and mechanistic studies. Additional research will be needed to completely assess an...


Jones Day's John Ahern explains why China's growing role in Europe will test the region's changing regulatory attitudes towards foreign banks [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]


Non-pathologists, such as toxicologists and study personnel, can find it difficult to understand the data they receive from pathologists. Toxicological pathologists write long, detailed and highly technical reports. Study personnel are under daily pressure to decide whether lesions described in pathology reports are treatment-related and thus important to the pharmaceutical company or whether the lesions are background changes and thus of little significance.


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) constitutes the major cause of mortality and morbidity in both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes patients. Although the microvascular complications of T1D are well studied, macrovascular CVD, its treatment, and link to diabetes have been investigated primarily in T2D patients. On April 27 and 28, 2003, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) sponsored a meeting to identify ways to close gaps in our knowledge about CVD in T1D to improve prevention and treatment. Participants were asked to: (1) Evaluate opportunities for studying the pathogenesis of CVD in T1D patients. Risk factors unique to these patients were of particular interest, as well as studies of the cause of CVD in T1D with respect to existing databases or cohorts and involving partnerships between basic and clinical investigators. (2) Evaluate opportunities for intervention studies to treat or prevent CVD in T1D. Because of practical obstacles (recruitment, duration, and cost of interventional studies with hard clinical end points), identification of reliable methods and markers that enable efficient intervention were a high priority. The meeting included 3 sessions: (1) current understanding of T1D and CVD; (2) opportunities to expand our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical course of CVD in T1D; and (3) opportunities for intervention studies to reduce cardiovascular complications in T1D. This report summarizes the presentations made and concludes with recommendations drawn from the presentations and discussion among the participants.


Previous work by Armstrong and Atkins examined age replacement and spare ordering decisions for a system which contained one machine subject to random failure and with only one spare machine in stock or on order at any one time. In this technical note we consider several extensions to that work which generalize the cost terms and the order lead time while retaining the one-machine one-spare structure of the original paper.


For many applications in consumer electronics lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are the energy source of choice because of their high energy-to-weight-ratio, lack of memory effect and low discharge when not in use. However, over the past years serious problems occurred as a consequence of shortcircuit currents which led to overheating and ignition of the organic solvents used in the formulation of the electrolytes. Ionic liquids (ILs) show interesting profiles of physical and chemical properties which allows their use as safe electrolytes in batteries. These properties include tunable viscosities and conductivities, chemical and thermal stability as well as large electrochemical windows, incombustibility and a low vapor pressure. In this presentation we will report on our recent developments in the field electrolytes for LiBs based on ionic liquids. The focus of this talk will be the use of mixtures of ionic liquids and additives in order to increase the performance and the safety of such electronic devices.


Abstract This study explores how interlocutors from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds employ the five translingual negotiation strategies of envoicing, recontextualization, interactional activity, entextualization and transmodality to communicate in online marketplaces. Informed by conversation analysis and translingualism, three computer-mediated communication (CMC) data sets were analyzed. Findings are as follows: 1) Korean speaker's envoicing strategy was used to reveal his non-native English speaker status, which softened the impression of discourtesy. It set the co-constructed conversation stage where English speaking counterparts would be implicitly requested to speak more intelligibly; 2) recontextualization strategy was presented through emojis, emoticons, transliteration and translation to turn a business transaction into a friendly conversation between translingual speakers from different cultures where non-verbal cues of hospitality can be delivered in written forms in online one-on-one chats; 3) interactional strategy was observed when speakers did not share a culturally-bounded speech act of "conversation closers." Misalignment was partially solved by mutual efforts to close their online conversation; 4) entextualization strategy was shown from Korean speakers' asynchronous communication to confer on appropriate English expression by seeking help from other online community members; and, 5) transmodal strategy refers to the practice of shuttling among different on/offline modes and platforms to encode and decode languages, emotions, and cultural perspectives by depending on a wide range of resources and multiple strategies to accomplish meaningful interaction in online marketplaces. This study shows the translingual characteristics of English-medium online communication, suggesting an extended model of translingual meaning negotiation strategies in CMC contexts.


This article has examined the telephone communication of bad news in the health field during the public health emergency of international concern decreed by the WHO on March 11, 2020. Communicating bad news is not an easy or pleasant task, especially when it comes to a death. Its effects, both for the sender and the receiver, will depend on the way it is carried out. In relation to the recipient, adequate communication can facilitate the process of acceptance and adaptation to the new reality, the one in which your loved one is no longer. Regarding the issuer, a correct transmission of information can lead to a reduction in stress levels, increasing the efficiency of communication, present and future, as well as reducing the probability of problems such as burnout. A good notification of unfavorable news requires communication skills and the handling of basic technical guidelines for action, for which training is necessary. The pandemic situation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has made the communication of bad news, until now considered a minor competence, a central element of the care process. The exceptional circumstances of this health emergency have also meant having to carry out communications over the phone on many occasions, an action not recommended in normal situations due to the associated inconveniences and which has been a real challenge for professionals. The scarcity of specific material on remote communication in exceptional situations such as the current one, makes it necessary to study and research in depth on the area. This article has attempted to address these issues.


Author offers a new method of getting electric energy from moving water. A special injector injects electrons into water. Water stream picks up the electrons and moves them in the direction of stream which is against the direction of electric field. At some distance from injector a unique grid acquires the electrons, thus charging and producing electricity. This method does not require, as does other water energy devices, strong dams, water turbines, or electric generators. The proposed water installation is very cheap. The area of water braking may be large and produces a great deal of energy. This electron water installation may be in river or ocean stream (as Gulf Stream). Hydropower or water power is power derived from the energy of falling water and running water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes. Since ancient times, hydropower has been used for irrigation and the operation of various mechanical devices, such as watermills. Since the early 20th century, the term is used almost exclusively in conjunction with the modern development of hydro-electric power, which allowed use of distant energy sources. Hydro power is a renewable energy source. Rivers. Volumetric flow rate, also known as discharge, volume flow rate, and rate of water flow, is the volume of water which passes through a given cross-section of the river channel per unit time. It is typically measured in cubic meters per second (cumec) or cubic feet per second (cfs), where 1 m 3 /s = 35.51 ft 3 /s; it is sometimes also measured in liters or gallons per second. Volumetric flow rate can be thought of as the mean velocity of the flow through a given cross-section, times that cross-sectional area. Mean velocity can be approximated through the use of the Law of the Wall. In general, velocity increases with the depth (or hydraulic radius) and slope of the river channel, while the cross-sectional area scales with the depth and the width: the double-counting of depth shows the importance of this variable in determining the discharge through the channel.


The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of constipation by oral administration, and the traditional Chinese medicine composition belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Raw materials for preparing active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of constipation by oral administration are: 10 to 15g of raw rhubarb, 5 to 15g of apricot seed, 10 to 15g of desertliving cistanche, 4 to 8g of liquoric root, 10 to 20g of mulberry fruit, 10 to 15g of cassia seed and 6 to 12g of dwarf lilyturf tuber by weight. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is decocted in water for oral dose, and the dosage is one dose daily. All the medicines of the traditional Chinese medicine composition are selected from natural Chinese herbal medicines, the efficacies have the synergy effect and the efficacy on the treatment of constipation is significant.


Abstract GaN films have been fabricated on tin doped indium oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced metal organic chemical vapour deposition. Trimethyl gallium (TMGa) and N2 were acted as precursors of Ga and N respectively. A GaN buffer layer was introduced to reduce the internal stress between the substrate and the GaN films. Then, the deposition process was performed in N2 rich atmosphere at a constant substrate temperature as low as 460°C. The TMGa flowrate was fixed at 1·5 sccm and N2 flowrate varies from 80 to 110 sccm to investigate the influence of N2 flux rates on the films' properties. Reflection high energy electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction results indicate that all deposits are highly c axis oriented, whereas the characteristics of photoluminescence spectra are strongly affected by the N2 flowrates. GaN films prepared at 100 sccm has a smooth surface and exhibits the optimal illumination performance. This inexpensive GaN/ITO/glass structure has potential application in optoelectronic devices.


The mechanism of temperature-assisted Cu and Cu2O oxidation in oxygen and subsequent CuO nanowire growth is well known. Here, we report a simple light-induced process for the recrystallization of Cu2O cubes to [010] growth-directed CuO nanoribbons in water at room temperature. This was attributed to the formation and participation of ˙OH and ˙O2− active species in water as well as the outward diffusion of Cu ions leading to the formation of CuO nanoribbons along unstable {010} facets on the surface of Cu2O cubes. The oxidation was significantly suppressed under dark conditions or by active species scavengers, confirming the strong role of visible light. CO oxidation activity of nanoribbons was found to be superior to that of cubes. Our unique light-induced recrystallization of Cu2O to CuO in water provides new insight and better understanding of the oxidation mechanism of Cu2O, enabling tailoring of nanostructures by varying types of light (sun, incandescent and fluorescent) and opening a new strategy for development of energy- and environment-related Cu oxide nanomaterials.


This manual, which is designed to serve as a guide to agencies responsible for the planning of investments in the transport sector, deals with the appraisal of transport projects in developing countries. Part I of this 2-part book provides background on the methodology of economic appraisal so that it can be applied to the many cases which are not specifically illustrated in Part II. Part II contains 15 case studies for the principal modes of transport.


The question of women in ordained/sacramental ministries in the Anglican communion has been with us for 135 years, since the revival of the order of deaconesses in the United States. The first step towards including women in the priesthood, however, was taken neither in America nor in Europe, but in wartorn southern China in 1944, when the Right Reverend R. O. Hall, bishop of Hong Kong, ordained Florence Li Tim Oi, the most qualified indigenous candidate in his diocese, to the priesthood.Soon after, under pressure from the archbishops of Canterbury and York, Li Tim Oi agreed to refrain from exercising the functions of her priesthood, and for years thereafter was lost in the turmoil of Communist China. She was allowed to emigrate to Canada in 1981, and before she died in the early 1990's, she witnessed the consecration of the first woman bishop, the Right Reverend Barbara Harris, Suffragan of Massachusetts.No woman was ordained to the priesthood until 1971, when a later bishop of Hong Kong ordained two successors to Li Tim Oi and later a third. The canon enabling women to have access to the process for ordination to the priesthood passed the General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States in 1976, and became effective on January 1, 1977. By the time the author was ordained in the Diocese of New York on January 10 of that year, forty-one other American women had been consecrated as priests.In all this time there has been much debate over the question of the proper ministry of women, some of it theological, some highly emotional, some sociological, and some of interest primarily to canonists. Volumes have been written in recent years about the experiences of the early women ordinands in the United States, but there has been, in the main, little reflection on the priest as sacramental person from the perspective of a woman priest. The role of women as priests was explored to a degree during the debates over the passage of the canon, but it is arguable that the fantasies about archetypal Womanhood advanced by some of its proponents were as offensive as some of the scurrilous remarks of the opposition.Roles and ModelsWhile one should be as leery of making generalizations about women priests as about any considerable group, it is probably accurate to say that one thing those of us who were pioneers had in common was a lack of role models. Some of us were more inclined to adopt the prevailing male model than others, but none of us were accepted in a way that would have made it easy to do so. Add to this the fact that many of us were either established professionals or products of the various liberation movements of the sixties and early seventies, and it is easy to see that we were a group inclined to distrust glib definitions of roles, especially in a hierarchical and male-dominated institution. Some of us became parish priests in more or less the usual mode of diocesan clergy, but others explored less usual paths, becoming spiritual directors, chaplains, teachers, and "tent-maker pastors" of all sons. We tended to gravitate, whether by choice or force of circumstances, into team ministries and parish clusters, rather than the single-priest parish of our forefathers.Once there, we found that we had to invent ourselves as we went along, and each had her own battles to fight. Some of us had to justify our very existence at every turn; others were readily accepted, but had to explain that the model of ministry we sought to embody was not necessarily that of universal mother or nanny. In fact, it took a long time for people to realize that we were as diverse a group as any comparable sample of our sacerdotal brethren.A Ministry of Word and SacramentWomen priests in their role as teachers were not as difficult to accept as they were in their roles as preachers and proclaimers of the Word with the whole magisterial authority of the Church behind them. The idea of women in roles of authority in the Church was alien, and many of us were uncomfortable with taking on such a role if it meant buying into a hierarchical, as opposed to collegial, model of ministry. …


reading but tell us more about the author than about the historical period under review. It was probably inevitable that the subject would be approached as it has been, given the mood of much historical writing at the present time. In another generation, a more sober study may become possible. Much depends on the amount of research done in the Egyptian archives and on the changing historical perspectives that emerge. Modes of transliteration differ, but ciflik (cafalik) in the glossary as well as in the text appears idiosyncratic, for it is neither Turkish nor Arabic. In Turkish it is ciftlik. If the word is meant to be a transliteration of an Arabic usage of this term, then " j " and not "c" is required. The transliteration usya as a piece of land granted to the multazim was introduced by Gabriel Baer {A History of Landowner ship in Modern Egypt, 1800-1950) in place of wasiyah. It is true that Jabarti and Barakat both use this form when used in conjunction with the plural form of ard and tin (arad, atyan), but Spiro refers to wisiyah, Hava to wasiyah (he gives the plural form as awast), and Dozy to ard al-wasiyah. Contemporary European sources refer to wasiyah (with spelling variations). Similarly, Spiro and Wehr and contemporary Europeans (with spelling variations) transliterate the special type of large estate as abadiyah or abadiyyah and not ibadiya or ibadiyyah as used by Baer and Marsot respectively. Are they following special Egyptian usages? The book contains a glossary, select bibliography, and index. The end notes indicate the extent to which the Egyptian archives have been used. Professor Marsot is quite correct in stating that ". . . it would need several generations of researchers to go through the material in an exhaustive fashion," (p. viii) but she has already made a notable contribution by searching out whatever materials she managed to survey. One can only regret that she did not have more time to delve further.


This paper investigates the key determinants of the social acceptance of the Solar Water Heater project in Bluegumbosh, a South African rural community that is situated in a former homeland. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey and interviews that were conducted with officials from the Department of Energy, ESKOM and the local municipality, as well as the beneficiaries of the project. Data from the questionnaire survey was analyzed statistically, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicate that while the level of social acceptance for the project is high, its potential to increase is threatened by a number of barriers which include environmental problems, poor workmanship, low level of the project's capacity to generate employment, poor complaints handling, as well as poor participation by the local community. The paper concludes that ideally, these barriers should be replaced with social acceptance satisfiers in order to reduce poverty and enhance the livelihoods of Solar Water Heater project beneficiaries. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n16p635


Entering into negotiation of all-around commercial treaty should be within six months after WWⅡ, which was regulated respectively in the Sino-American treaty and Sino-British treaty of 1943. There are quite a few discussions about Sino-American commercial treaty, while Sino-British commercial treaty about which negotiations weren't happened as regulated has been regrettably ignored. Britain attached importance to the post-war China market, hoping to reach a comprehensive commercial treaty with China, and contacted with the Chinese Government about it early. However, China postponed negotiations with Britain on the ground of moving the capital back, at the same time they started negotiations with the United States for a commercial treaty. The change of strength of great powers and their influences in China determined that Britain could not catch up with the pace of the United States in the policy toward China. Britain did not fully understand the Chinese Government's post-war diplomatic bottom line, putting forward a number of provisions which led to differences in the draft of commercial treaty, which made it impossible to reconcile in a short term. Hong Kong issue also weakened National Government's interest in the negotiations with Britain at the psychological level. Before and after 1947, the Chinese Government shifted the focus of negotiations with Britain to the problems of smuggling and foreign exchange markets in Hong Kong which were relatively simple but immediate, and Sino-British commercial treaty was laid aside then.


The invention provides a fast food oil tea, relating to health food, characterized by comprising puffed rice as a main component, added with supplementary materials comprising tea, tea oil, chive, salt and assistant nut, bruised ginger, chive, mushroom and Grosvenor momordica and preservative in right amount, having the following weight percent: tea oil 1-5%, tea detritus 6-8%, puffed rice 41-43%, salt 6-8%, assistant nut 11-13%, bruised ginger 8-10%, chive 8-10%, mushroom 6-7%, Grosvenor momordica 9-10%, flavoring agent and preservative in right amount. The inventive fast food oil tea has the beneficial effects of industrialized production, longer shelf time, novel prescription, has the functions of relieving the cold, warming stomach, increasing the body fluid, refreshing, adjusting function of human body, advancing metabolism, good mouth feel, predigestion and easy nourishment adsorption.


The interaction of hydrogen with YBa2Cu3Oy (123) at t = 150–200 C and the effect of hydrogen on the structure have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. It has been found that, when the YBa2Cu3O6.96 compound is subjected to hydrogen intercalation, the transformation of 123 into the tetragonal pseudo-124 phase takes place similar to the case of hydration. In this case, the Raman spectra of the YBa2Cu3O6.96 compound, similarly to those of a compound with absorbed water, exhibit antiferromagnetic fluctuations, which are not typical for the compound. Unlike YBa2Cu3O6.96, the compound with low oxygen content (YBa2Cu3O6.3) is less prone to the formation of stacking faults and, under hydrogenation, the 123 phase does not transfer into the pseudo-124 phase.


Background The emergence of highly drug-resistant K. pneumoniae, has become a major public health challenge. In this work, we aim to investigate the diversity of species and sequence types (STs) of clinical Klebsiella isolates and to characterize the prevalence and structure of class 1 integrons. Methods Based on the whole genome sequencing, species identification was performed by 16S rRNA gene homology and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis. STs were determined in accordance with the international MLST schemes for K. pneumoniae and K. variicola. Integron characterization and comparative genomic analysis were performed using various bioinformatic tools. Results Species identification showed that the 167 isolates belonged to four species: K. pneumoniae, K. variicola subsp. variicola, K. quasipneumoniae and K. aerogenes. Thirty-six known and 5 novel STs were identified in K. pneumoniae, and 10 novel STs were identified in K. variicola subsp. variicola. Class 1 integrons were found in 57.49% (96/167) of the isolates, and a total of 169 resistance gene cassettes encoding 19 types of resistance genes, including carbapenem resistance gene (blaIPM-4) and class D β-lactamases gene (blaOXA-1 and blaOXA-10), were identified. Among the 17 complete genomes, 29 class 1 integrons from 12 groups were found, only 1 group was encoded on chromosomes. Interestingly, one plasmid (pKP167-261) carrying two copies of approximately 19-kb IS26-Int1 complex resistance region that contains an integron and a multidrug resistance gene fragment. Conclusion The results of this work demonstrated that the species and STs of the clinical Klebsiella isolates were more complex by the whole genome sequence analysis than by the traditional laboratory methods. Finding of the new structure of MGEs related to the resistance genes indicates the great importance of deeply exploring the molecular mechanisms of bacterial multidrug resistance.


Purpose To report our experience of endoscopic botulinum toxin injection in patients who experienced severe delayed gastric emptying after pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG). Materials and Methods We reviewed the medical records of 6 patients who received the botulinum toxin injection. They presented with severe delayed gastric emptying in the early postoperative period. Endoscopic botulinum toxin was administered as 4 injections of 25−50 IU into each of the 4 quadrants of the prepyloric area. Results All botulinum toxin injections were successful without any complications, enabling 5 patients to tolerate soft solid diets and one to tolerate a soft fluid diet within 10 days. The endoscopic criteria of 4 patients improved. Symptom recurrence caused 2 patients to undergo repeat injections that were successful. The median follow-up period was 27 months, and all patients could ingest normal regular diets at the last follow-up. Conclusions Endoscopic botulinum toxin injection is a feasible treatment option for early delayed gastric emptying after PPG.


Ph.D.Thesis 2013 Ph.D thesis: ND.Erande, (NCL) University of Pune                                                                                v | P a g e Abstract The Thesis entitled ''Novel Chemical Modifications in "Non-Genetic" Nucleic Acids for Selective Targeting of DNA or RNA" has been divided into four chapters. Chapter 1: Antisense technologies: Improvement through novel chemical modifications in genetic and nongenetic nucleic acids Chapter 2: Synthesis of 3′-deoxy-3'-fluoro ribo/xylouridine nucleosides (U and U), their incorporation into ngDNA, and effect on binding properties to target sequences Chapter 3: Synthesis of 3′-deoxy-3′-fluoro ribo/xylo thyminyl nucleosides (T, T), 3′-deoxy-3′-fluoro ribo/xylo and S-type locked adenine-containing nucleosides (A, A and A) and arabino-uridine (U), their incorporation into ngDNA, and effect on binding properties to target sequences and nuclease resistance property Section 3.1: Synthesis and biophysical study of T, A, T, A, and A monomers Section 3.2: Synthesis and rationale for designing arabino-uridine (U) monomer its incorporation into ngDNA and binding study Section 3.3: Stability of oligonucleotide to SVPD Chapter 4: Conformational studies of U, A, U, A, A, and U nucleoside using NMR, X-ray crystal structure and Matlab Pseudorotation GUI program Chapter 1. Antisense technologies: Improvement through novel chemical modifications in genetic and nongenetic nucleic acids The potential of modified oligonucleotides to act as antisense agents to inhibit the expression of the target genes in sequence-specific manner may be used for therapeutic and other biological applications. Besides having a specific binding affinity to a complementary target oligonucleotide sequence, antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ON) should meet the requirements for therapeutic purposes, e.g., specificity, nuclease stability, bioavailability, low toxicity and low cost. Several modifications have been developed over the last two decades to enhance the effectiveness of AS-ONs. The sites of the modifications include Abstract: Ph.D.Thesis Ph.D.Thesis 2013 Ph.D thesis: ND.Erande, (NCL) University of Pune                                                                                vi | P a g e sugar, base and phosphate groups of nucleotide. Modifications in the phosphodiester linkage include phosphorothioate, phosphoramidates and methyl phosphonates called as the first generation AS-ONs. Modifications of sugar units to conformationally lock or freeze into 3′-endo geometries include 2′-OMe and LNA and are called as the 2 generation ASONs. The third generation modifications include examples where the sugar phosphate backbone has been completely replaced, like in peptide nucleic acids (PNA) morpholino NA and there analogues. The ONs having 'nongenetic' 2′-5′ phosphodiester linkages (ngDNA) were also being explored as candidates for antisense application due to their RNA selective hybridization properties and enzymatic stability. This chapter reviews the literature that is focused on ngDNA/ngRNA, their structural feature, and modifications. Chapter 2. Synthesis of 3′-deoxy-3'-fluoro ribo/xylouridine nucleosides (U and U), their incorporation into ngDNA, and effect on binding properties to target sequences In addition to the predominant 3′-5′ internucleotide linkage, a less abundant 2′-5′ internucleotide linkage called as nongenetic nucleic acids (ngDNA/ngRNA) could also be prone to new chemical modifications to improve their therapeutic value (Figure 1). These nongenetic nucleic acids associate to form Watson-Crick base-paired duplex structures with complementary ssRNA but their binding is relatively weak. These ngDNA/ngRNA are also known to be comparatively stable to nucleases. These properties make them to be explored as the right lead candidates for their development as AS-ONs. The mixed backbone ONs (MBOs) containing 2′-5′ and 3′-5′ DNA/RNA, with phosphodiester as well as phosphorothioate backbone have been evaluated earlier without much success. Some chemical modifications with 2′-5′-linkages reported in the literature were incorporated only in the native 3′-5′ DNA and not in ngDNA. These MBOs formed duplexes with both cDNA as well as RNA which showed large destabilization. Much less attention is given for modifying homogeneous 2′-5′-linked ONs. Chemical modifications of the sugar moiety, as in the case of earlier reported 3′-5′linked genetic DNA, were envisaged to be useful to improve the binding strength of these ngONs to the target mRNA. The modeling studies have suggested that the expected furanose ring pucker in the ngDNA strand in the ngDNA:RNA duplexes would be S-type as against the preferred NAbstract: Ph.D.Thesis Ph.D.Thesis 2013 Ph.D thesis: ND.Erande, (NCL) University of Pune                                                                                vii | P a g e type geometry in DNA:RNA duplexes. The structural requirements of the ngRNA/ngDNA:RNA duplexes (S-type) do not match with the sugar conformations at the single stranded 2′-5′ oligomer level (N-type). Figure 1. Structures of DNA/RNA and 2'F-ANA/RNa and proposed nucleic acids Considering these predictions, it was thought to study the effects of incorporation of monomers bearing either locked or frozen S-type/N-type sugar conformations into 2′-5′linked ONs. We envisaged that applying such structural restrictions on the ngDNA strand would allow us to understand the structural preferences of the sugars in the isomericallylinked strand of the hybrid duplexes and thereby provide an experimental proof for the proposed structural preferences based on modeling studies. Fluorine substitutions in furanose ring show a strong influence on the conformational properties of the nucleic acids. It is known that the replacement of 2′-OH of RNA by either 2′-ribo/arabino-fluoro group have large impact on the thermal stability of the 3′-5′ linked 2′F-RNA:RNA and 2′FANA:RNAduplexes. We initially chose 3′-fluoro substitution of the furanose ring of nucleosides (uridine). The xyloand riboconfiguration of fluorine would restrict the sugar geometry in N-type and S-type conformations respectively due to strong favourable O4'C4′-C3′-F3′ gauche effect. In this Chapter, we describe the synthesis of the 3′-deoxy-3′fluoro ribo/xylouridine (U and U) and their incorporation in ngDNA to study their effect on duplex stability and CD studies. Synthesis of U, U phosphoramidite monomers: The fluorinated nucleosides are shown in Figure 2 Figure 2. 3′-deoxy-3'-fluoro ribo/xylouridine (U and U) Abstract: Ph.D.Thesis Ph.D.Thesis 2013 Ph.D thesis: ND.Erande, (NCL) University of Pune                                                                                viii | P a g e Synthesis of U phosphoramidite monomer: 3′-deoxy-3′-fluoro-β-D-xylouridine monomer was synthesized using D-glucose as a starting material (Scheme 1). CuSO4, acetone, cat.conc.H2SO4 70% PCC, Dry DCM molecular sieves. O OH


I am very grateful to your comments for the manuscript. According with your advice, we amended the relevant part in manuscript. Some of your questions were answered below. Major comments: 1.Authors should introduce the description of the occurrence mechanism of the analyzed debris flows: are they run off generated debris flows? Are they channelized debris flows? References about them should be also inserted. 2.Channelized debris flows have a very high impact on the environment because the grow volumetrically along routing with values also up to 100000 m3. The examined C1


Sensor equipped robots should benefit from using a world model when process-dependent decisions such as collision control have to be taken in real-time. The world model can quite easily be represented and updated in a CAR (Computer Aided Robotics) application. A missing link, however, is the ability to remotely control the robot motion during execution. This paper shows that the Robot Application Protocol, RAP, which provides an interface to standard ABB S4 robot controllers, can be utilized to let a remote program control the robot in 10 Hz, i.e. to create motion on the fly in joint space by interacting with the running RAPID program on the robot controller. The results are currently used in ongoing welding experiments focused on process control.


The current dynamic and turbulent manufacturing environment has forced companies that compete globally to change their traditional methods of conducting business (Producer to consumer). Recent developments in manufacturing and business operations have led to the adoption of Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) technologies that are based on systems and processes that support global competitiveness, especially for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Organisations and SMEs in particular need to reevaluate every aspect of their manufacturing strategy and quickly move towards a CIM-based environment where manufacturing technologies, business strategies and processes are integrated together. This paper highlights the development of a CIM adoption model that has resulted from empirical work generated from SMEs in Pakistan. The model consists of parameters such as top management support, system integration, marketing and overall performance.


An extensive wind-tunnel test of a round turbulent jet directed normally through a flat plate into a subsonic cross flow has been conducted. The results of the velocity field measurements are presented in a concise and usable form through the use of simple models to relate the velocity field to empirical values for the strength and location of the pair of contrarotating vortices associated with the jet.


Two foliar applications of B at the rate of 1 kg ha−1 at 30 d and repeated at 42–45 d after seeding or a single preplant broadcast application of 2 kg B ha−1 provided excellent control of brown-heart in rutabagas (Brassica napobrassica Mill.). Similarly, two-application treatments initiated 40 d after seeding or later failed to prevent brown-heart at some locations. Root yields were slightly decreased by the two foliar sprays of B applied at five different stages of growth and by the single preplant soil application of B. Key words: Foliar treatments, boron, brown-heart, rutabaga


Academic research projects often face challenges when trying to deliver innovation in a fast and creative way. In particular, projects of multidisciplinary nature that look at cross domain aspects applied in industry may take longer to expect. This paper addresses such an issue in the area of low cost digital solution development and proposes an approach using student hackathons as a mean to enable rapid prototypes of low cost digital solutions for manufacturing SMEs. It highlights how these fast-paced activities could be seen as additional options to help students foster technical and soft skills ahead of working in industrial environments.


Using the base-emitter junctions of a bipolar transistor as a varicap diode and an on-chip spiral inductor, a fully integrated bipolar LC VCO realised in an industrial bipolar technology is presented.


We apply a two-station method of velocity determination to P n arrival times reported in the International Seismological Centre Bulletin during the period 1964-1993. The azimuthal variation of these velocities provides evidence of P n anisotropy as large as 9.6%. Anisotropic regions are identified by examination of the azimuthal variation of the P n velocities within circular caps of radius 1.5° and 3°, spaced at 1 intervals across the Earth. This procedure leads to 255 geographically distributed estimates of anisotropy. The length scale over which the anisotropy varies indicates that uppermost mantle anisotropy beneath continents is controlled by regional orogenic strains and is inconsistent with a general interpretation in terms of plate-scale mantle flow. In addition, the correlation between P n anisotropy and surficial tectonic features indicates that the anisotropy is primarily the result of the most recent deformation event. We compare our P n anisotropy results (fast directions and magnitudes) with those of SKS splitting studies to attempt to constrain the depth extent of the anisotropy. This comparison suggests that in some areas, where the fast directions agree, SKS splitting observations may arise from a layer beginning just below the Moho, whereas in others it must have a deeper origin. In these areas, the relative magnitudes of the measured anisotropy are consistent with a thin (100-150 km) lithospheric layer of anisotropy.


In 2005 an anonymous research was carried out questioning a
pilot population sample of more than 300 students of two
faculties MU (pedagogical and medical). It investigated the
consummation of permitted and unpermitted addictive substances,
selected addictive behavior, opinions and attitudes to drugs
and social-economical status of respondents. This was a level
of a representative study, which was carried out in 2006. Three
quarters of the respondents had some experience with tobacco,
more than three quarters regularly consume alcohol. Other
often-used drugs were marihuana products. Approximately 40 %
gained some experience with hashish, 10 % had smoked it with
the last six month before the research. Lifelong experience
with hashish was presented by 10 % of the respondents; in the
previous six months about 4 % of the respondents have consumed
it. Hard drugs were used occasionally, however their spectrum
was wide. To undertake experimenting with drugs was mostly
encouraged by friends, acquaintances. The main reasons were
curiosity, gaining nice feelings, sociability, clearing stress.
After alcohol and tobacco marihuana was the mostly abused
drugs, its recreational consummation was highly tolerated.


Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune diseases characterized by the inflammation in joint and synovium. Synovitis leads to the destruction of cartilage and bone in joint subsequently joint dysfunction and even disability eventually.Recently, IL-25 has been found to play a role in regulating inflammation through Th1 and Th17 responses in inflammatory diseases[3], However, the function to fibroblast-like synoviocytes and its signaling pathway are not clear. This study aims to probe the effects of IL-25 on the expression of ERK1/2 and MMP-3 in RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Objectives: To study the function of IL - 25 for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast - like synoviocytes(FLS) differentiation as well as to the effects on the expression of extracellular regulating protein kinase (ERK) and matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3). Methods: The differences on ERK1/2 and MMP-3 protein levels were tested in RA-FLS and healthy controls, then IL-17A (10ng/ml), different concentrations of IL-25 (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10ng/ml) and IL-17A(10ng/ml) to co-stimulate the RA-FLS for 24 hours respectively.The expression of ERK1/2 and MMP-3 protein were detected by the Wesern blot. The results were expressed by ±s, t test was used for the comparison between different groups. Results: The expression of ERK1/2 (1.71±0.17) and MMP-3 (0.50±0.13) proteins in RA-FLS was higher than the healthy controls (0.50±0.15, 0.17±0.05)(t=-9.13,P<0.001and t=-4.10,P<0.05), because of the stimulation of IL-17A, the expression of ERK1/2 (0.77±0.22) and MMP-3 (0.59±0.13) proteins in RA-FLS were increased compared with untreated groups (0.18±0.35, 0.04±0.03)(t=-4.69,P<0.01 and t=-7.47,P<0.01).with the increasion of the concentration on IL-25, the level of ERK1/2 (0.54±0.26, 0.48±0.18, 0.48±0.23, 0.23±0.06)and MMP-3 (0.58±0.09, 0.59±0.14, 0.21±0.04, 0.04±0.02)in RA-FLS which stimulated by IL-17A was decreased slowly (t=4.22,P<0.05 and t=4.95,P<0.01 and t=7.47,P<0.01). Conclusion: IL-25 can inhibit the stimulation of IL-17A on ERK1/2 and MMP-3 fractionally,which imply that it may take part in the development of RA through this pathway and may play as a target for the RA treatment on IL-17A. Disclosure of Interests: None declared


The paper introduced the structure and principle of VC CCP. The actual test resuits shows that the property of CCP is excellent.


The objective of this study was to elucidate the
 influence of amount and composition of milk replacer
 fed in the neonatal period on pancreatic insulin response in cattle. The
 experiments were carried out on 31 female Holstein Friesian calves. The
 analysis of the pancreatic insulin response was evaluated using
 hyperglycaemic clamps (HGC).
 The 31 newborn calves were assigned to two
 experimental settings, each consisting of two groups. In experiment I a
 conventional milk replacer (K-MR; 968 g/kg dry
 matter (DM), 227 g/kg DM crude protein, 163 g/kg DM crude fat, 71 g/kg DM
 crude ash, 572 g/kg DM nitrogen-free-extractives) was fed from day 2-50(trial period 1) to one group in a concentration of 125 g/l and an
 amount of 12 % of body weight per day (group K-low, N=8). The animals of
 group K-high (N=8) received the same MR, feed twice the amount. In experiment
 II a MR with reduced content of lactose (LL-MR; 960 g/kg dry matter (DM), 292
 g/kg DM crude protein, 495 g/kg DM crude fat, 39 g/kg DM crude ash, 217 g/kg
 DM nitrogen-free-extractives) was fed over the same period (day 2-50 of life)
 to one group in a concentration of 97 g/l and an amount of 12 % of body
 weight per day (group LL-low, N=8). The animals of group LL-high (N=7)
 received the same MR, feed twice the amount. With an average age of 51 days
 the animals of all four groups were switched to conventional MR and their
 feeding was on par with that of group K-low (Trial period 2) for another five
 weeks. With the 12th week of life, all calves were weaned and
 received hay, corn silage and concentrate (Trial period 3). At the end of
 each trial period hyperglycaemic clamps were carried out (experiment I:
 HGC-1: day 35; HGC-2: day 63; HGC-3: day 234; experiment II: HGC-1: day 33;
 HGC-2: day 61; HGC-3: day 233). All calves were weighted regularly to
 guarantee optimal adjustment of milk replacer
 intake to body weight and to evaluate weight gain.
 The aim of the HGC was to increase the basal
 glucose-level by 3,0 mmol/l
 through an infusion of glucose solution (40 % w/v). The pancreatic insulin
 response was assessed in a steady-state. The steady-state was reached in the
 last hour of the infusion (steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) HGC-1
 and -2: ca. 70-90 µmol/kg/min, SSGIR HGC-3: ca. 30 µmol/kg/min).
 The pancreatic insulin response (steady-state
 insulin concentration, SSIC) of the groups K-low and K-high in HGC-1 nearly
 reached the same level with 53,4 (26,1/71,8) vs.
 48,5 (43,5/68,6) µU/ml. In HGC-2 the SSIC increased (75,5 (55,1/109,0) vs. 56,6
 (41,3/85,0) µU/ml) and both groups reached their highest level in HGC-3 (97,3
 (72,8/110,0) vs. 75,5 (63,2/126,6) µU/ml). The pancreatic insulin response of
 animals fed LL-MR was lower than that of animals fed K-MR. The means
 pancreatic insulin response of group LL-low was beneath that of group LL-high
 in all three HGC's, but no proof of
 significance was possible (HGC-1: p=0,173; HGC-2: p=0,120). In HGC-1 the SSIC
 of group LL-low was 18,8 (9,7/21,7) µU/ml, while the
 SSIC of group LL-high was 28,1 (22,9/30,2) µU/ml. In HGC-2 the SSIC was 56,5 (30,9/59,8) vs. 70,9 (47,6/110,1) µU/ml. In HGC-3 the
 SSIC of the animals of group LL-low was of a lower level compared to the
 animals of group LL-high (41,1 (28,4/69,2) vs. 76,4 (57,7/118,0) µU/ml;
 p=0,096), but again no proof of significance was possible.
 These results lead to the interpretation that the
 animals which had the lowest postnatal lactose intake also had the lowest
 pancreatic insulin response.
 In conclusion metabolic programming of pancreatic
 insulin response is possible by postnatal nutrition of calves.


The causes resulting in outfire of many times during period of trial operation for W-shaped flame boiler of 600 MW unit in one power plant have been analysed,it is believed that the main causes are as follows:the coal quality being seriously deviated from designed values,and abnormal operation of the coal pulverizing system.For these,many measures,such as taking load on the basis of coal quality condition,optimizing operation of the coal pulverizing system,offering functions of lockout and self-putting into operation to the oil gun etc.,have been put forward.After implementation,under condition of larger deviation of coal quality,outfire failure has never occurred again in long-term operation of the boiler,and combustion being stable.


In the current underground projects, especially in important ones, the rock stability evaluation, support design and monitoring prediction are integrated. Their integration into a program is an urgent problem to be solved at present. In this paper, the design and realization of development of construction monitoring program for underground space project based on Delphi are described. This system has comprehensive functions, friendly interface and flexible interaction with no need of support from other software system. It is valuable to the on-time feedback of dynamic monitoring data of underground space project and scientific research.


The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in 2015 place a greater importance on Green Economy. These goals acknowledge that economic growth without social and environmental considerations will not contribute to sustainable development. Thus, the key aim for a transition to a Green Economy is to enable economic growth and investment while increasing environmental quality and social inclusiveness. In this context, eco-entrepreneurship plays an important role. Green or 'eco' entrepreneurs are those consciously seeking business opportunities to provide, or support, profitable yet resource-efficient products and services. Therefore, eco-entrepreneurship lies at the nexus of innovation, environment, and entrepreneurship. This paper focuses on three case studies of eco-enterprises in Sri Lanka, the impact they are achieving and the challenges and opportunities they face. The eco-enterprises selected for the study are 1. Katana Upcycles from Negombo 2. Paalam Products from Jaffna and 3. Yaal fibre from Neerveli. Theses social enterprises achieve a mix of social, economic and environmental impacts through their businesses, including waste reduction, creating job opportunities and introducing eco-friendly alternatives to the market. The study also identifies that the eco-enterprises face numerous challenges to sustain their growth and scale up. Challenges include limited access to funds, lack of business and marketing skills and access to suitable markets. The study suggests that by providing networking opportunities and creating platforms for dialogue will support eco-enterprises to connect and build partnerships that will help in innovation, productivity enhancements, and unlocking new market opportunities.


The authors report on a search for B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -} and B{sub d}{sup 0} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -} decays in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using 171 pb{sup -1} and 240 pb{sup -1} of data collected respectively by the CDF and D0 experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The decay rates of these rare processes are sensitive to contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model. The results from the two experiments are a combined branching fraction limit of {Beta}(B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}) < 2.7 x 10{sup -7} and a limit from the CDF experiment of {Beta}(B{sub d}{sup 0} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}) < 1.5 x 10{sup -7} at 90% confidence level.


We have studied the morphological, morphometric parameters of the liver of white rats. Against the background of polypharmacy, when using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it was revealed in the structure of the liver, which led to various damage to the liver parenchyma. The simultaneous use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs leads to acute or chronic liver failure in rats. The longer the therapy for chronic diseases, the more pronounced morphological changes (necrosis, fibrosis, and cholestasis).


This research is the development (research and development) which aims to: (1) obtain a picture of the development process of the type cooperative learning of Jigsaw valid, practical, and effective, (2) determine tinhgkat validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the cooperative learning of Jigsaw the material solution concept at SMK Negeri 3 Bantaeng. The subjects were students of class X SMK Nursing B 3 Bantaeng by the number of students 18 people in the second semester of the 2015/2016 academic year. Model development of learning tools used are 4-D models of Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel. The result of the development of learning tools in the form of draft RPP, Books Students (BPD) and Worksheet Students (LKPD) that can be used by teachers and students in the learning process material solution concept. The level of success in field trials demonstrated by tests of learning outcomes that achieve mastery of 100%, a positive response from the students reached 93.70% for books learners, 92.38% and 85.24% for LKPD for the learning and the learning process and keterlaksanaan learning tools are at very high criteria. based on the criteria used to assess the resulting learning device that validity, effectiveness and practicality, the learning tools developed meet the quality is good.


The experiments conducted on NOVA are done to investigate inertially confined laser fusion reactions. To this end, the ten beams of the laser are aligned to within 30 mu m. The target chamber employs a vacuum mechatronic based reticle/target positioning system to accomplish this. It is a five degree-of-freedom chamber resident system, known as the Alignment Aids Positioner (AAP). The AAP aids in beam and diagnostic alignment by accurately positioning a reticle at the target chamber center within 7 mu m. The AAP system increases target positioning and alignment flexibility and accuracy through the use of a computer-controlled multi-degree-of-freedom stage assembly. The AAP has two positioning regimes to move the alignment reticle and do beam alignment. One is coarse positioning in the Y-Z plane that moves a high-resolution stage assembly to target chamber center. The other regime is high-resolution movement in the X, Y, Z and theta directions.<<ETX>>


The rheology of epoxy resin-polysulfone blends and wetting at the blend/glass fibre interface have been studied. Measurements were made in a rotary viscometer and in a modified Wilhelmy apparatus. It was shown that none of the blends investigated revealed non-Newtonian behaviour in the range of shear rates used. The viscosity of the blends increased as polysulfone content increased. Introduction of hardener resulted in a significant increase of the blends viscosity up to 2-3 orders of magnitude. Rheological tests suggested that 15 wt% polysulfone was the highest concentration useful for obtaining composites by solvent-free impregnation technique. These tests suggested that the structure of the cured epoxy-polysulfone blends depended on the modifier concentration. The structures of the blends differed for the blends containing 5 wt% polysulfone and 10-15 wt% polysulfone. All the blends (with the hardener) required at least 30 min at 180°C to achieve final values of the mechanical properties such as storage and loss moduli, loss tangent and complex viscosity. For all epoxy resin-polysulfone/glass fibre systems a complete wetting of the fibres was observed. Surface tension vs. polysulfone content dependency was found to be nonadditive. Surface tension measured was minimal for epoxy resin-5% polysulfone blend, while for other systems the values were close to that of epoxy resin. Modification of epoxy resin by polysulfone did not change the kinetics of the fibres wetting by the blends.


New Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises,new General Rules Governing Enterprises Financial Affairs,new Eneerprise Income Tax Law and their Regulations for the Implementation put forward new challenges to the power grid enterprise′s business.Thus,it is very necessary to analyze the influence which they impact on power grid enterprise′s business.Combined with the author′s work practice,this paper analyzes the influence which the "two regulations-one law" impact on the power grid enterprise′s business,raises relevant countermeasures suggestion as well.


Objective To construct a cell microarray based on specificity of antigen-antibody reaction and by fixing monoclonal antibodies against CD antigens(CD antibodies)on the microarray substrate,and to screen cell-surface CD antigens in normal gastric cell line GES-1 and gastric cancer cell line 7901.Methods A total of 64 kinds of CD antibodies were spotted on the aldehyde slide to construct the cell microarray.GES-1 and 7901 cells were isolated,labeled with fluorescence,and captured by the cell microarray.The cell microarray was scanned with scanner,and the signals were analyzed.Results GES-1 and 7901 cells were captured by CD9,CD13,CD29,CD44,CD49e,CD55,CD71,and CD95 antibodies.CD15 and CD24 antibodies captured only GES-1 cells,and CD77,CD133,CD103,and CD64 antibodies captured only 7901 cells.Conclusion CD15 and CD24 may be the surface marker of human normal gastric cells,and CD77,CD133,CD103,and CD64 may be surface marker of human gastric cancer cells.


In order to study pore structure change formed by mineral reaction, the reaction between CO2, H2O and coal was tested, and change of permeability and porosity of samples was carried out. The change of pore structure which make from mineral reaction is controlled by the content of minerals, the contact relationship between mineral and pores, and the pore structure itself. It shows that the permeability and porosity of coal beds are mainly changed after the reaction because of the dissolution reaction and forming precipitations. Carbonate minerals can react with CO2 solution and dissolve in it, but Chlorite and orthoclase react withCO2 solution, and the reaction create new mineral. According to the experimental results, three different models were established. The result shows that type L-L pore structure should not be used to inject CO2 to enhance the recovery, and the type H-H which has high content of carbonate minerals are the best choice.


The present invention discloses a plant belonging to the technical field of air-cooled condensing comprising two annular tubes disposed cooled condenser fins and axial fans of the wind. The air-cooled condenser steam distribution manifold and the annular headers, and the intermediate condensate collection tube headers, tubes and the condensate collected at the bottom header configuration, the upper finned tube bundle positioned intermediate vapor distribution header and the header of the condensate Room lower finned tube bundle in the middle between the condensate header and the bottom header condensation water. The air-cooled finned tube bundle condenser annular arrangement, finned tube bundles can improve the uniformity of distribution of the cooling air flow rate, to improve the utilization of the tube bundle heat transfer surfaces. Finned tube bundles are arranged in two stages, reducing the length of the bundle, can improve the deterioration of the exhaust steam condensation heat transfer tube. Axial Fan Blower arrangement weakens the adverse effects of environmental wind field of air-cooled condenser operation, improving the aerodynamic performance of the axial fan. Air-cooled condenser thermal performance can be improved.


The International Aerial Robotics Competition is the world's top air robot competition. This paper shows the solutions and progress made by the NWPUVWPP team in solving the International Aerial Robotics Competition 8 mission. We will present our scheme from the following points: Overall System Design, Navigation and State Estimation, Mission Package related algorithm implementation, and the Strategy System. We achieved a vision-based autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance function for UAVs in an indoor open environment without GPS. And we implemented a non-electronic humancomputer interaction interface. We also proposed a powerful dynamic strategy scheduling system and added people to the decision loop. INTRODUCTION Problem Statement The main content of the International Aerial Robotics Competition 8th mission is that a contestant works in cooperation with a team of drones, trying to retrieve a particular item in a site where the "enemy" has a drone patrol, while ensuring that it is not subdued by the "enemy". In addition to the technical characteristics required by the previous series of tasks (such as full autonomy, obstacle avoidance, navigation guidance, etc.), mission 8 also requires nonelectronic human-computer interaction, fleet coordination, air target identification and other capabilities. The increasing autonomy of UAVs and the instantaneous, relevant and accurate information exchange between UAVs can bring great advantages to the competition. Getting a larger amount of information can provide an overwhelming advantage for the team. And it is necessary to consider the complexity of the command and control. The unique and most important challenge facing the competition in this space is the development of appropriate dynamic strategy planning capabilities between people and drones. Conceptual Solution The core problem of this generation of missions is to build a cluster of intelligent aircraft that can realize non-electronic interaction with people, and to add human links in mission planning to achieve dynamic mission planning capabilities in a dynamic environment. SYSTEM OVERVIEW First, a stable hardware system is the foundation of everything. Next, through the Driver Layer, which can communicate with the Hardware Layer, we build the Function Layer required for the mission 8. Finally, the data of all the services was streamed into the Strategy Layer. The Strategy Layer is responsible for all strategy scheduling and outputting all the final control signals. Figure 1. Overall system architecture We chose our hardware devices according to our requirements. After building the Driver Layer, we implement our mission-related algorithms based on the data we get from them. We made the UAV achieve a better state estimation by streaming the output data of the DJI Guidance into the PX4 Autopilot system. Our navigation and obstacle avoidance algorithms are based on the 3DVFH* algorithm with Octomap. Through the iFLYTEK's SDK to achieve speech recognition. For the target identification and threat detection, we use a Mobile-SSD and a yolov2-tiny network structure, both are Deep Learning based methods. The method mixed with Convolutional Pose Machines and traditional geometric method is used to identify gestures. Our Strategy Layer based on finite automatic state machine. Bring the human into the dynamic decision system. Through these efforts, our UAVs are highly autonomous and as much as possible to complete the eighth generation of missions. Yearly Milestones Since our team is participating in the competition for the first time, a lot of work has been carried out during the less than one year of preparation. In order to improve the efficiency of development, we modularize the development tasks. It is mainly divided into the bottom layer design, localization and navigation system development, target recognition module development, human-machine interface development, strategy system development and overall architecture, six parts. In the end, we successfully achieved the localization and navigation functions of the UAVs indoor, the detection and recognition functions of targets and threats, the human-machine interface functions and the strategy system. And completed their integration. AIR VEHICLE Description of Configuration/Type Mechanical Design The mechanical design of the air robot was modified based on the frame of the DJI Matrice 100 aircraft. Following its overall design approach, we used its stands, motors and ESC (Electronic Speed Control), but made a new center board structure to place our own hardware. The DJI M100's fuselage frame has a very good aerodynamic performance and shock absorption design, which can reduce a lot of trouble during the subsequent development process. Figure 2. Our UAV's design


John Howard's original "The State of Our Prisons" was a famous landmark in the history of literature on crime, criminal justice and attitudes to offenders in England and Wales. On publication towards the end of the 18th century, its impact was immediate and profound, effecting a change in attitude towards the incarceration of offenders. What, then, is the state of our prisons today, some 200 years after his death? In this original study, two leading experts offer a broad-ranging survey of the prison system. The result is a systematic and comprehensive account of the contemporary state of the prisons in England and Wales, which should contribute to the current debate on prison reform.


In the structure of the title complex, [Cs(C7H4NO2)(H2O)2]n, the caesium salt of 4-nitrobenzoic acid, the irregular CsO9 coordination sphere comprises three bridging nitro O-atom donors, a bidentate carboxylate O,O′-chelate interaction, a triple-bridging water molecule and a monodentate water molecule. A three-dimensional framework polymer is generated, within which there are water–carboxylate O—H⋯O and water–water O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions.


For the production of exopolysaccharide( EPS) from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PB6,single- factor test and response surface methodology( RSM) were adopted to optimize the fermentation conditions. The results showed that the optimal medium components were consisted of 400 g / L sucrose,2.5g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L Na Cl at an initial p H of 7. The optimal fermentation conditions were 4% inoculum amount,culture temperature of30℃,shaking speed of 150 r / min and incubation time of 26 h.Under the optimized conditions,a maximum EPS yield of 104.37 / L was achieved.


The invention provides an FSAE racing car air inflow system. The FSAE racing car air inflow system comprises a throttling valve assembly, an air inflow header pipe, a pressure stabilizing cavity, a plurality of air inflow manifolds, a high-pressure oil rail, an oil spraying base and an oil spraying nozzle. The two ends of the air inflow header pipe are connected with the throttling valve assembly and the pressure stabilizing cavity respectively. The air inflow manifolds are connected with the pressure stabilizing cavity at equal intervals. The oil spraying base is connected with the air inflow manifolds, and the oil spraying nozzle is connected with the oil spraying base and the high-pressure oil rail. The pressure stabilizing cavity is of a rotating body structure composed of a conical cylinder and a hemisphere. The large end of the conical cylinder is an open end, and the small end of the conical cylinder is a closed end provided with a sealing plate. The open end of the conical cylinder is in smooth transition connection with the open end of the hemisphere. A connector is formed in the sealing plate. The air inflow header pipe is inserted in an inner cavity of the pressure stabilizing cavity. The connector and the outer wall attaching portion of the air inflow header pipe are connected in a sealed mode. By means of the system, the air inflow performance of an engine can be remarkably improved, and full play is given to the capacity of the engine.


Objective: To standardize evaluation of catheterization-related stroke (CRS) through implementation of a novel screening tool.
Background:
Stroke is a feared complication of cardiac catheterization. Risk of CRS can be as high as 7[percnt], but varies widely by institution and operator experience. Given the high volume of the procedure (>2 million/yr in US), the impact of CRS is substantial. There is minimal evidence-based data on diagnosis and treatment despite these patients being ideal candidates for timely acute stroke intervention, including thrombolysis. Many CRS go undetected and currently there is no standardized assessment tool sensitive to recognition of CRS in this population. We hypothesize a new screening tool incorporating components from both acute stroke and anesthesia care will be effective in standardizing rapid diagnosis and treatment of CRS.
Methods:
Items were pooled from two previously validated screening tools. The Aldrete score is an 8-point scale used in anesthesia cases to assess patients pre/post-procedure. The FAST screen (Facial droop, Arm weakness, Speech changes) is designed to rapidly and reliably diagnose stroke. FAST is easily learned, performed in < 1 min and requires no neurological expertise. The Aldrete-FAST score is being obtained pre/post catheterization; stroke incidence and its treatment will be measured.
Results:
This novel tool, Aldrete-FAST, combines validated and established pre/post anesthesia assessment with neurological screening to enhance rapid diagnosis and treatment decision-making for CRS. Preliminary analysis demonstrates the Aldrete-FAST successfully performed in 蠅300 patients and 1 CRS with subtle signs of R arm drift and neglect accurately recognized to date.
Conclusions:
The Aldrete-FAST screening tool applied pre- and post-cardiac catheterization is a logical and feasible approach to improve rapid stroke diagnosis and treatment response. Recruitment is successfully underway with on-going prospective analysis as part of a quality initiative. Disclosure: Dr. Johansen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Southerland has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Neurology Podcast. Dr. Ragosta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jensen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Worrall has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Neurology. Dr. Worrall has received royalty payments from Merritt9s Neurology. Dr. Solenski has nothing to disclose.


Herein, the influence of mechanical strain induced by passivation layers on the electrical performance of AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field‐effect transistor is investigated. We studied the physical mechanism of a threshold voltage (Vth) shift for the monolithically fabricated on/off devices reported earlier by our group. For that, theoretical calculations, simulation‐based analysis, and nano‐beam electron diffraction (NBED) measurements based on STEM are used. Strain distribution in the gate vicinity of transistors is compared for a SiNx passivation layer with intrinsic stress from ≈0.5 to −1 GPa for normally on and normally off devices, respectively. The strain in epitaxial layers transferred by intrinsic stress of SiNx is quantitatively evaluated using NEBD method. Strain dissimilarity Δε = 0.23% is detected between normally on and normally off devices. Using this method, quantitative correlation between 1.13 V of Vth shift and microscopic strain difference in the epitaxial layers caused by 1.5 GPa intrinsic stress variation in passivation layer is provided. It is showed in this correlation that about half of the reported threshold voltage shift is induced by strain, i.e., by the piezoelectric effect. The rest of Vth shift is caused by the fabrication process. Therefore, various components/mechanisms contributing to the measured Vth shift are distinguished.


This invention provides a synthetic peptide is capable of inducing antibodies against self-antigens, specifically, a multi-cognate antigen peptide comprising a dendritic core and B cell recognition peptide, the ends of the dendritic core includes a B cell recognition peptide 4-8 of the same type that is coupled directly or via a spacer, each peptide is bound directly or via a spacer to the end of the dendritic core, multi cognate antigen peptide, said peptide antibody production inducer comprising, as well as to provide a process for the preparation of said peptide.


The present invention includes a method for producing a security element (62), security elements in the form of a multilayer film body (62) having an upper surface facing the observer. Security element (62) has a volume hologram layer volume hologram to provide a first optically variable information is recorded (12). Security element (62), the surface to be molded relief structure provided by the second optical variable information, is arranged on the volume hologram layer (12), having a replication layer (11). Between the volume hologram layer (12) and the replication layer (11), is disposed partially metal layers (13), the metal layer (13), one or more first zone of the security element ( provided on 31), the metal layer (13) is not provided to the one or more second zone of the security element (32).


Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent, has proven to be effective in the treatment of refractory schizophrenia. As the idiosyncratic clozapine-induced adverse effects such as dyslipidemia and agranulocytosis occur in 0.5∼2% of the treated patients, the use of clozapine has been limited. In this study, we assessed the patterns of gene regulation by clozapine (10 μM, 24 h) in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells through microarray analysis. Clozapine upregulated the expressions of 165 genes, and downregulated the expressions of 305 genes. Of these genes, clozapine potently increased the level of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 gene (CCL3, 15.596-fold) and decreased the level of retinoic acid early transcript 1E (RAET1E, 0.171-fold). Both of these genes belong to the category of immune response-related genes. We also found the changes of the expressions of immune response-related genes were most remarkable. Especially, clozapine increased the levels of chemokine genes, such as CCL3 (also known as MIP-1α), CCL2 (also known as MCP-1), and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 3 (CCR3). This result may contribute to understanding of adverse effects of clozapine. (Korean J Str Res 2010;18:229∼235)


It is observed that strong rf sputtering of the Pb‐alloy base electrodes causes the junctions to trap magnetic vortices and thus induces Josephson current (IJ) suppression. Trapping begins to occur when the rf sputtering that removes the native thermal oxide on the base electrode is carried out prior to rf plasma oxidation. Observed large IJ suppression is presumably induced by the concentration of vortices into the sputtered area upon cooling the sample below the transition temperature. This suggests a new method of the circumvention of the vortex trapping by strongly rf sputtering the areas of the electrode other than the junction areas.


In this study, validated high performance thin liquid chromatographic (HPTLC) method for estimation of have been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Montelukast and Levocetirizine in combined pharmaceutical formulation. The chromatography estimation was performed using the following conditions: stationary phase was precoated silica gel 60 F254 aluminum sheets (10 x 10 cm, E. Merck) and the mobile phase used was chloroform: methanol: toluene: glacial acetic acid (10:5:3:0.5 v/v/v/v). Chromatogram was developed in a camag twin trough chamber using a linear ascending technique. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision and specificity. The calibration curve was found to be linear between 400 to 4500 ng with regression coefficient of 0.9998.The proposed method can be successfully used to determine the drug content of marketed tablet formulation.


This paper aims to explore how mature firms in the media industry adapt their business models when faced with disruptive external change. This is particularly challenging as it often involves questioning and renewing the mental models that have guided the management of the firm in earlier successful times. A case study approach was chosen to explore the adaptation process with a high level of richness. As focal market we have chosen the Danish newspaper market since this gives us the opportunity to observe in detail two media groups, which control 50% of the national newspaper market. By working with archival data and interviews with key employees we succeed in tracing key developments between 2000 and 2011. Our findings show that mature firms use conscious strategic planning with regards to the value creation elements of the business model, but experimentation and random managerial responses for changing value proposition and value delivery elements. Overall, our empirical investigation leads us to propose guidelines on how to promote business model innovation.


The years 1928-33 were one of the most difficult periods in the history of the German workers' movement, and they have proven themselves to be just as difficult for the historiography of German workers. Compared to the voluminous studies on the rise of Nazism, as well as on other periods of the workers' movement, relatively few works have critically examined German workers or their organizations during Hitler's rise to power. Moreover, the studies that exist have tended to represent the partisan views of the main actors, the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Communist Party (KPD), and have concentrated on national politics. Gunther Mai's Die Geislinger Metallarbeiterbewegung zwischen Klassenkampf und Volksgemeinschaft is part of an attempt by a younger generation of historians to reexamine the failure of German workers' organizations to prevent the Nazis from coming to power. Although his is not a social history, Mai nevertheless combines economic history with an analysis of local labor unions and workers' parties to give a more differentiated picture of the German workers' movement at the end of the Weimar Republic. He does not intend his study to be representative or typical—too few works exist to compare his findings with other parts of Germany or other industries—, but by concentrating on a little studied region and industry he helps to situate and broaden the discussion of the problems facing German workers during the Great Depression.


Scenarios in which no nuclear-generating capacity is added between 1981 and 1985 and the goal of doubling coal utilization is only 50% successful show electric power shortfalls over most of the U.S. by 1985, with the industrial central regions the hardest hit. Since conservation alone cannot carry the nation through a transition from oil dependence to coal and nuclear, the author stresses the importance of identifying the consequences of such a shortfall. General Electric's scenarios are projected for shortfalls in energy supply, electric power, and oil and natural gas to determine the effect on gross national product, business investment, production growth, inflation foreign exchange rates, and employment levels. Near-term crises in power plant shortages are indicated by the energy models.


Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) can discriminate morphological tissue features important for oral cancer detection such as the presence or absence of basement membrane and epithelial thickness. We previously reported an OCT system employing a rotary-pullback catheter capable of in vivo, rapid, wide-field (up to 90 x 2.5mm2) imaging in the oral cavity. Due to the size and complexity of these OCT data sets, rapid automated image processing software that immediately displays important tissue features is required to facilitate prompt bed-side clinical decisions. We present an automated segmentation algorithm capable of detecting the epithelial surface and basement membrane in 3D OCT images of the oral cavity. The algorithm was trained using volumetric OCT data acquired in vivo from a variety of tissue types and histology-confirmed pathologies spanning normal through cancer (8 sites, 21 patients). The algorithm was validated using a second dataset of similar size and tissue diversity. We demonstrate application of the algorithm to an entire OCT volume to map epithelial thickness, and detection of the basement membrane, over the tissue surface. These maps may be clinically useful for delineating pre-surgical tumor margins, or for biopsy site guidance.


In this paper,the laboratory tests of cement-stabilized soil added and non-added with patented additive depend on reinforced expand branch disk cement-soil pile had been carried out.The conclusion shows that the patented additive can obviously promote the cement-stabilized soil's strength and deformation behavior.This paper has also analyzed the variation of the strength performance and deformation behavior of the common ce-ment-stabilized soil and the modified cement-stabilized soil,and the relationship of the stress-strain.And finally the paper has presented the fitting analysis of the stress-strain relationship of the soil,which will be of some practical engineering reference.