Objective: evaluating the evolution of growth and the health status of children who attend a community nursery. Method: a longitudinal study conducted in 2011 and 2012 with 46 children of 3-4 years old residing in a community of Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info 3.52 software; data were presented in tables and discussed in the literature. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Protocol 027/2011. Results: the prevalence of underweight children passed from 13% to 8,7% and the overweight rate or obesity increased from 13,1% to 21,7%. During the period studied there were also observed diseases of respiratory, dental and dermatological type. Conclusion: the main problem was overweight, besides the common complications in childhood. It is emphasized the importance of health professionals acting in nurseries through actions turned to promotion of growth and healthy living habits. Descriptors: Child Health; Nutritional Status; Public Health; Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a evolução do crescimento e a situação de saúde de crianças que frequentam uma creche comunitária. Método: estudo longitudinal realizado no período de 2011 a 2012 com 46 crianças de 3 a 4 anos residentes em uma comunidade do município do Rio de Janeiro/RJ. A análise estatística foi realizada no software Epi Info 3.52, os dados foram apresentados em tabelas e discutidos com a literatura. O projeto foi aprovado no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, Protocolo 027/2011. Resultados: a prevalência de crianças com baixo peso passou de 13% para 8,7% e a taxa sobrepeso ou obesidade passou de 13,1% para 21,7%. Durante o período estudado também foram observados agravos do tipo respiratório, odontológico e dermatológico. Conclusão: o principal problema foi o excesso de peso, além das intercorrências comuns na infância. Ressalta-se a importância da atuação de profissionais de saúde nas creches mediante ações voltadas para a promoção do crescimento e hábitos saudáveis de vida. Descritores: Saúde da Criança; Estado Nutricional; Saúde Pública; Enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la evolución del crecimiento y el estado de salud de los niños que asisten a una guardería de la comunidad. Método: es un estudio longitudinal realizado en 2011 y 2012 con 46 niños de 3-4 años residentes en una comunidad de Río de Janeiro/RJ. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el software Epi Info 3.52; los datos se presentaron en tablas y discutidos en la literatura. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en la Investigación, Protocolo 027/2011. Resultados: la prevalencia de niños con bajo peso pasado del 13% al 8,7% y la tasa de sobrepeso u obesidad aumentó de 13,1% a 21,7%. Durante el periodo del estudio también se observaron las enfermedades respiratorias, dentales y dermatológicas. Conclusión: el problema principal era el sobrepeso, además de las complicaciones frecuentes en la infancia. Hacemos hincapié en la importancia de los profesionales sanitarios que actúan en la guardería a través de acciones destinadas a promover el crecimiento y los hábitos de vida saludables. Descriptores: Salud Infantil; El Estado Nutricional; Salud Pública; Enfermería. Nurse, Professor of Nursing, Department of Public Health Nursing, School of Nursing Anna Nery, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com; Nurse, Hospital School Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi. Valença (RJ), Brazil. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com; Student, Graduate Nursing Program, School of Nursing Anna Nery, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Email: email@example.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Souza MHN, Nogueira JNAB, Sodré VRD. Monitoring the nutritional and health... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 9(5):7862-8, May., 2015 7863 ISSN: 1981-8963 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.6121-57155-1-ED.0905201516 The monitoring of the health and nutrition of children under five years old is a measure of fundamental importance for the identification of risk situations, social inequalities in health, nutritional disorders and is a basis for the planning of actions to promoting health and prevention of diseases, with a view to ensuring a healthy adulthood. One of the strategies that enable continuous monitoring of child growth standards is the anthropometric measurements, low-cost action, characterized mainly by measuring weight and height of children seen by health professionals in primary care services. Most of the problems of health and nutrition that occurs during childhood are related to inadequate food intake and recurrent infections. It is known that the frequency of appearance of morbidity may be increased among children attending nurseries and schools, due to the fact that in these environments healthy and sick children stay together for a long period of time. In this sense, increasingly it is necessary to the performance of health professionals in communities, schools and nurseries, develop actions to reduce the prevalence of diseases such as overweight, obesity, infections and prevention of chronic diseases related to poor feeding. From the knowledge of environmental factors, socioeconomic conditions, health indicators and the social context in which the child lives, the health professional has the ability to plan preventive actions that are effective in determining healthy habits and improving the quality of life of this age group. Given the above, the objective of this study was: ● Evaluating the growth and the health status of children attending a community nursery. This is a longitudinal study of a descriptive nature that took place at a community nursery located in a Community of the south zone of Rio de Janeiro. This nursery works full-time basis and receives an average of 110 children aged four months to four years old, 40 children aged less than two years old and 70 aged three to four years old. For the definition of the sample it was used as inclusion criteria: children aged three to four years with active registration in the Educational Center in 2011 and the acceptance of parents or guardians to participate in the study. Children who were separated from the nursery at the time of anthropometric assessments and health conditions were excluded. Thus, the sample consisted of 46 children. The instrument of data collection consisted of a questionnaire containing information on birth weight, duration of breastfeeding, presence of morbidity in children, weight and height record, nutritional status and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the child's family. Data collection occurred during the period from April 2011 to April 2012. The parents or guardians of the children were informed about the purpose of the study and asked to sign the Informed Consent and, after acceptance to participate in this research there was later conducted an interview with them, to obtain the information on the socioeconomic characteristics and background of the child health situation. The evaluation of the health status of the children was held at the nursery ward, through technical simplified physical examination and measurement of weight and height during the two years of the study. For the anthropometric measurements we used a digital scale, which allowed the weight of observation in kilograms (kg), one Toesa ruler and a tape measure. For analysis of the nutritional status it was considered the calculus by anthropometric measurements, according to the weight z-score values for height, being considered: low weight: value <1,0; Normal: value from -1,0 to 1,0, overweight: value from 1 to 2, and obesity, the value > 2,1. After identifying the health situation of children who attend the institution, have been discussed with the direction of the nursery the forms of assistance directed to employees and / or family in order to promoting and maintaining the health of children, and on the prevention of diseases. Data were processed using Epi-Info version 3,52 and there were performed univariate and bivariate analyzes. The Pearson's chi-square test was calculated to assess the differences between the proportions, considering the significance level of 5% (p<0,05). This research followed the Resolution 466/12 dealing with bioethics standards in work with humans and was approved by opinion number 027/2011 given by the Research Ethics Committee of Anna Nery Nursing School. METHOD INTRODUCTION Souza MHN, Nogueira JNAB, Sodré VRD. Monitoring the nutritional and health... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 9(5):7862-8, May., 2015 7864 ISSN: 1981-8963 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.6121-57155-1-ED.0905201516 Table 1 shows data referring to the social, economic and demographic characteristics of the families of children attending the community nursery studied. Table 1. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the families of children who attend a community nursery, Rio de Janeiro, 2011-2012. (n= 46) Variables n % Age of the mother ( in years) 20 25 18 39,1 26 31 15 32,6 32 37 06 13,0 38 or older 07 15,2 Educational level of the Mother Until full basic 27 58,7 High school 16 34,7 Higher education 03 6,5 Mother works Yes 39 84,8 No 07 15,2 Age of the father (in years) 20 25 12 26,1 26 31 15 32,6 32 37 06 13,0 38 or older 12 26,1 Non informed 01 2,2 Educational level of the Father Until full basic 29 63,0 High school 14 30,4 Higher education 02 4,4 Non informed 01 2,2 Father works Yes 36 78,3 No 09 19,5 Non informed 01 2,2 Marital Status Married/Living together 28 60,9 Separated/Divorced 10 21,7 Single 08 17,4 Net per capita income Until 500 09 19,5 From 501 to 1500 32 69,6 From 1501 to 2500 04 8,7 Over 3500 01 2,2 Number of rooms in the house From 2 to 3 15 32,6 From 4 to 5 27 58,7 6 or more 04 8,7 Number of persons residing in the house Until 2 03 6,5 3 to 4 32 69,6 5 or more 11 23,9 The results presented in Table 1 show that more than half of the mothers and fathers of children have low educ


Urodynamic testing is the accepted method of investigating urinary incontinence. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommends urodynamic testing prior to surgery for stress urinary incontinence. However, there are no clear guidelines for its use prior to other forms of gynaecological surgery. This review gives an overview of urodynamics, their role and indications, and discusses the evidence for urodynamic testing in different clinical scenarios.


Recently, the room-temperature (RT) magnetic flux sensors have begun to be applied to biomagnetic measurements. The RT sensors have a large advantage that they can be placed closer to the magnetic sources and obtain larger signals, unlike the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) flux sensors. However, when an RT sensor is placed closer to the sources, the dimension of the sensitivity region cannot be negligible, and the directional dependence of sensitivity should be considered to estimate the theoretical magnetic signals for magnetic source analysis. We proposed a method to evaluate the directional dependence of the sensitivity of the RT sensors in response to adjacent magnetic sources using the array of coils arranged along a circular arc. Consequently, it was revealed that a specific magnetoresistance device-based flux sensor with a certain spatial extent had the directional dependence of sensitivity with a bell-shaped profile. We also proposed the multiple sensitivity points model for the bell-shaped profile and estimated the sensitivity distribution over the sensitivity region, which is expected to be effective in improving the accuracy of the magnetic source analysis using an RT sensor array.


Objective To identify the side population (SP) cells in hepatoceilular carcinoma (HCC) cell line MHCC97-H/L and its tumor initiation.Methods MHCC97-H/L cell suspension was stained with Hoechst33342 and carboxyfluoreseein diacetate succininidyl ester (CFSE),and sorted by flow cytometry.Various numbers of SP and non-SP cells were transplanted to the male NOD/SCID.Tumor for- mation was monitored weekly.Results The percentage of SP cells was (4.02±0.02)%/(1.02±0.01)% in MHCC97-H/L respectively by Hoechst33342 and CFSE staining.The percentage of SP cells was (4.88±0.66)%/(0.88±0.36)% in MHCC97-H/L by flow cytometry.There was statistically sig- nificant difference (P0.05).1×10~4 SP cells were sufficient to tumor formation (5/6),while 1×10~6 non-SP ceils did not initiate tumors (0/6).Conclusion MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L,which have differ- ent metastatic potentials,all contain SP cells.The percentage of SP cells in MHCC97-H,HCC cell line with high metastatic potential was significantly higher than MHCC97-L,HCC cell line with low metastatic poten- tial.SP cells can initiate tumors more effectively and may be related to the metastatic potential of HCC.


Global citizens are willing to take responsibility for their own actions, respect and value diversity and see themselves as contributors to a more peaceful and sustainable world. To elicit some understandings of this concept for our primary students we can foster understanding of world issues and a commitment to change, especially to the eradication of global poverty and inequality, which then may help them to shape a better future for the world and become better global citizens. However the primary school curriculum is sometimes seen as being fragmented and disjointed, with each learning area claiming its own place and time in the teaching program. Some learning areas dominate the curriculum, with an emphasis on skills-based approaches in order to comply with testing regimes. The notion of global citizenship seems at odds with such approaches. There are, however, important ways to integrate Key Learning Areas in an effort to develop some deep knowledge and deep understanding in students and connect them to their 'real' worlds outside of school. Primary students' understandings of global citizenship can be enhanced and developed through an integrated curriculum approach and can assist students in connecting and improving their 'real' worlds. This paper will examine various perspectives on enacting being a global citizen and will consider how an understanding of this concept can be enhanced in primary school students utilising an integrated curriculum. What is Global Citizenship? Global Citizens participate in shaping a better shared future. They acknowledge the unity and interdependence of human society and have a sense of self and an appreciation of cultural diversity. They actively support social justice and human rights and build peace and sustainable futures in different times and places. Global Citizens in 21 century Australia also develop meaningful relationships with our neighbours in the Asia-Pacific and Indian Ocean regions. Global Citizens are open minded and develop new ways of thinking about the world that make them predisposed to take action for change. They take responsibility for their own actions and respect and value diversity by contributing to a more peaceful, just and sustainable world. Because of this, teaching about Global Citizenship is more than just developing a base of knowledge and skills. It also entails promoting positive values and participation and therefore is relevant across all key learning areas encouraging teachers to use an Integrated Curriculum approach to learning in the primary school. This paper examines the underlying understandings and philosophies of the five learning emphases for global education, developed as part of the Global Perspectives


This paper aims to analyse the integral factors for IPO under-pricing. There have been a number of studies and the researchers have found out various factors behind under-pricing of IPOs. We list down the factors which affect IPO under-pricing such as information asymmetry, signalling, and underwriter reputation. The very first paper on under-pricing by Rock (1986) very well explains the concept of information asymmetry as the cause of under-pricing. Allen and Faulhaber (1989) explain that the firms use under-pricing as a mechanism of signalling for future prospects. Under-pricing is a well-documented phenomenon which exists since long and is still present in the IPO market.


Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most prominent health problems in the world, causing 1.75 million deaths each year. Rapid clinical diagnosis is important in patients who have co-morbidities such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Direct microscopy has low sensitivity and culture takes 3 to 6 weeks [1-3]. Therefore, new tools for TB diagnosis are necessary, especially in health settings with a high prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection.


The lack of consistency ofmuch medical judgment and decision making has long been appreciated. This is now recognised as an important source of error, and attempts to quantify it have been enhanced by an increasingly sophisticated statistical toolbox at the disposal of the clinical investigator. Variability in measurement and classification may arise from two sources, (a) a lack of consistency within an individual observer (or measuring process) when carrying out successive recordings, and (b) a lack of consistency between observers. Assessing lack of consistency between observers is important for two reasons. Firstly, in any single study using more than one observer an assessment of the variation between them is essential in interpreting the data derived. Secondly, the observer variation seen in one study may be extrapolated to other studies of the same technique but using different observers-that is, the origin of the variation may be inherent in the method itself. This review attempts to summarise in simple terms the statistical techniques available to quantify the variation within and between observers.


Advanced cooling methods, especially direct oil cooling, are used to maximize the power density of electrical traction machines. However, thermal monitoring with temperature sensors can only provide limited information about the thermal stress distribution. This work combines computational fluid dynamics and lumped parameter thermal networks to develop a thermal model of a prototype machine with direct oil cooling. The generated model represents the inhomogeneous spatial temperature distribution caused by the asymmetrical oil distribution in radial and axial direction of the machine. The proposed method allows a rapid study of the thermal behavior of electrical machines with direct oil cooling. Experimental measurements validate the accuracy of the thermal model. The temperature difference between simulations and measurements is within 5 °C.


On-plant floret longevity and cutflower postharvest longevity (PHL) of Antirrhinum majus L., snapdragon, were evaluated using inbreds P1 (16 day PHL) and P2 (6 day PHL), F1 (P1 x P2), F2 (F1 self-pollinated), F2 x F2 (among and within PHL categories: long, 17 to 25 days; middle, 9 days; and short, 2 to 3 days), and F3 families (F2 self-pollinated). F2 on-plant floret longevity and PHL correlated to later generation PHL. Prediction of progeny PHL from F2 x F2 mat- ings appears feasible if genotypic value for PHL of F2 is known. Selection for PHL is best based on evaluation of multiple cutflowers per genotype. Significant additive and dominant genetic variance components contribute to PHL. Cutflowers are highly perishable and cutflower postharvest longevity (PHL) is critical to market value. Historical and current research uses chemical treatments to extend PHL by only a few days. Several of these compounds are carcinogens, long lasting in the environment, and toxic at low concentrations (Nell, 1992; Ohkawa et al., 1999). With chemicals available to industry be- ing limited in efficacy and in number, a need exists to explore alternative methods of extending PHL. Despite the importance of PHL in determining quality and consumer preference, information on inheritance and response to selection for PHL remains scarce. Variability for PHL has been observed in Antirrhinum majus L. (Stieve and Stimart, 1994), Begonia ×cheimantha Everett (Hvoslef-Eide et al., 1995), Cal- listephus chinensis L. (Patil and Rane, 1999), Eustoma sp. Raf. (Ohkawa and Sasaki, 1999), Leptospermum sp. (Bicknell, 1995), Limonium sp. (Burge et al., 1998), Lupinus havardii Wats (Mackay and Davis, 1998), Paeonia sp. (Heuser and Evensen, 1986), and members of the Proteaceae (Joyce and Beal, 1999). Genetic vari- ance components, of greater immediate utility for improving PHL, have been reported in: A. majus (Schroeder and Stimart, 2001), Dendrobium cultivars (Bobisud and Kamemoto, 1982), Gerbera


In this paper, we consider two systems of type Rao-Nakra sandwich beam in the whole line R with a frictional damping or an infinite memory acting on the Euler-Bernoulli equation. When the speeds of propagation of the two wave equations are equal, we show that the solutions do not converge to zero when time goes to infinity. In the reverse situation, we prove some L(R)-norm and L(R)norm decay estimates of solutions and theirs higher order derivatives with respect to the space variable. Thanks to interpolation inequalities and Carlson inequality, these L(R)-norm and L(R)-norm decay estimates lead to similar ones in the L(R)-norm, for any q ∈ [1,+∞]. In our both L(R)-norm and L(R)-norm decay estimates, we specify the decay rates in terms of the regularity of the initial data and the nature of the control.


LPG gas is primarily used for cooking in our country. This paper focuses on continuous monitoring, booking and leakage detection in household LPG cylinder. In this system we have used PIC 16F877A microcontroller, GSM SIM 800c module and ESP8266 for monitoring and detection purpose. If gas level goes low, it helps us tomake automatic booking of new gas cylinder using GSMmodule. Gas level is monitored with the help of the load cell and the current level of the cylinder can be viewed at any time in our mobile phone with the help of mobile application. The gas leakage is sensed with the help of MQ-6 gas sensor. When any leakage is detected, it turns on the buzzer and also alerts the consumer through a message. An automatic closure of cylinder valve is done using a solenoid valve and exhaust fans are switched on. By detecting gas leakage, we can avoid accidents which causes damage to life and property.


Ginseng,the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.(Araliaceae),is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines.Of the three main kinds of ginseng,fresh ginseng is crude ginseng harvested from the land of planting,white ginseng is sun-dried ginseng,and red ginseng is produced by steaming raw ginseng.In this article,the studies on ginsenosides in the fresh ginseng,sun-dried ginseng(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)and red ginseng(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra)were summarized,and the characteristics of chemical structure-types of the aglycone were investigated,to provide scientific foundation for their bioactive material base establishment.The chemical structure-types of the aglycones in the fresh and sun-dried ginsengs were oversimplified,which were divided into the three types of protopanaxadiol,protopanaxatriol and oleanolic acid.The chemical diversity of aglycone types in red ginseng were revealed,which might greatly contribute to the bioactive diversity of red ginseng.


Tracking-by-detection approaches have demonstrated their strength in addressing Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) problems. DeepSORT, one of the classical tracking-by-detection MOT methods, relies on a deep appearance descriptor to extract global appearance features of identities. Although the appearance descriptor acts as a key component of such tracking-by-detection methods, which is responsible for modeling appearance information, the relationship between it and tracking performance remains unclear, especially whether further improvements to it will be reflected in the tracking performance. To explore that, extensive experiments are conducted on the appearance descriptor by applying various traditional optimization methods. Furthermore, we propose an Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search (ENAS) strategy for the appearance descriptor named Genetic-SORT to assist exploration. The experimental results demonstrate that tracking performance fails to follow the improvements applied on the appearance descriptor and even shows a negative correlation, which is contrary to our intuition.


There are some thirty universities in Australia and although quite a number of them offer courses in the history, philosophy and/or social studies of science, only five have departments or schools devoted to these areas. While most of the universities teach courses in women's studies at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, only three undergraduate courses are offered on topics related to women in science. Two of these are given at the University of Wollongong (about an hour's drive south of Sydney in New South Wales), both dealing mainly with epistemological issues and the philosophy of women in science. The third, on gender and science, is a relatively new course (Broom 1989) first offered in 1989 at the Australian National University in Canberra. None has a specifically Australian content. The School of Science and Technology Studies (STS) at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, the second oldest in the country teaching the history, philosophy, and social studies of science, has never offered courses on women and science. The purpose of this article is to present the priorities and strategies in mind when developing such a course to be taught in the 1992 academic year. The new course will be offered to undergraduates as an ordinary option leading to a major within the school. It will naturally be open to students of both sexes and I cannot take for granted that they will be committed to feminist values or even (if they have chosen the subject because of timetabling problems) be interested in the topic. This means I will need to be particularly clear in my focus and prepared to present the material to an unconcerned and uncommitted audience as well as provide intellectual nourishment to feminist students. The advantage of teaching the unconverted is that there is opportunity to raise general student consciousness on the topic; the disadvantage is that even the simplest notions of participation and equity will need to be spelled out. But my conclusion will certainly be the one reached by Anne Fausto-Sterling that in order for full equality of women in science to be achieved, the teaching of science and the modes of scientific research and problem formulation will have to change. As she says, "The problem of women and science turns out to be both a problem of women in science and of science without women" (1981, 49).


Upon iron limitation, Bacillus subtilis secretes the catecholic trilactone (2,3‐dihydroxybenzoate‐glycine‐threonine)3 siderophore bacillibactin (BB) for ferric iron scavenging. Here, we show that ferri‐BB uptake is mediated by the FeuABC transporter and that YuiI, a novel trilactone hydrolase, catalyses ferri‐BB hydrolysis leading to cytosolic iron release. Among several Fur‐regulated ABC transport mutants, only ΔfeuABC exhibited impaired growth during iron starvation. Quantification of intra‐ and extracellular (ferri)‐BB in iron‐depleted ΔfeuABC cultures revealed a fourfold increase of the extracellular siderophore concentration, confirming a blocked ferri‐BB uptake in the absence of FeuABC. Ferri‐BB was found to bind selectively to the periplasmic binding protein FeuA (Kd = 57 ± 1 nM), proving high‐affinity transport of the iron‐charged siderophore. During iron starvation, a ΔyuiI mutant displayed impaired growth and strong intracellular (30‐fold) and extracellular (6.5‐fold) (ferri)‐BB accumulation. Kinetic studies in vitro revealed that YuiI hydrolyses both BB and ferri‐BB. While BB hydrolysis led to strong accumulation of the tri‐ and dimeric reaction intermediates, ferri‐BB hydrolysis yielded exclusively the monomeric reaction product and occurred with a 25‐fold higher catalytic efficiency than BB single hydrolysis. Thus, ferri‐BB was the preferred substrate of the YuiI esterase whose gene locus was designated besA.


Among the scores of unpublished manuscripts in fond 89 ("Bolotovykh") of the Russian National Library in St. Petersburg is a partially filled album spanning a forty-year period from the early 1780s to the early 1820s. One of the many long-term projects of the multitalented memoirist, landscape designer, and agronomist Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov (1738-1833), the album was initiated at Bogoroditsk, the crown estate where he worked as bailiff from 1776-1797, and continued to garner new contributions for several decades after he retired to Dvorianinovo, his estate and birthplace in northern Tula province. It has been summarized by one of the few scholars who has studied it as "an extremely interesting mirror of provincial byt." The pretty and seemingly mimetic reflection of rural life that it provides is deceptive on a number of levels, however: for on the Russian estate during this period— and, as it turns Out, on the pages of the album itself—there is a good deal more going on than first meets the eye.


Agroforestry is an optimal system of land use based on environmental sustainability by cultivating or combining forestry and agricultural lands (agriculture, livestock) so that it can improve the economy of farmers in the countryside. Agroforestry is primarily expected to help optimize the results of a sustainable form of land use to ensure and improve people's living needs. This sustainable system is characterized by, among others, the absence of a decrease in crop production over time and the absence of environmental pollution. This condition is a reflection of the optimal conservation of natural resources by the land use system adopted (Widianto, et al, 2003). The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of farming communities in Pujon Kidul Village and Sukomulyo Village, to know the patterns of forest land use and its productivity and to know which plants have high economic value. The benefit of this research is that it can be used as a reference for farmers in making decisions to develop Pujon Subdistrict Malang Regency agriculture. It is hoped that it can be useful information as a reference for farmers' land management in the future and as a science and technology, insight and further information source for future generations in management agroforestry and community. This research was conducted in August to September in Pujon Kidul Village and Sukomulyo Village, Pujon District. The method of determining the sample used was a purposive technique until a sampling method was based on intentional considerations of the age and time spent by the respondents. The results of this study showed that farmers used simple agroforestry patterns with alley cropping patterns in Ngabab Village and Sukomulyo Village. management with the presence of forests that can be managed as agroforestry land. Land productivity in both villages is high because management is appropriate for farmers. The types of plants that have high economic value for the community are carrot plants. The characteristics of the respondents in the study were 100 male respondents, working productive age 20-40 years with elementary to high school education with a number of family members


Context:The poor semen parameters quality is one of the most important factors in male infertility and oxidative stress is a probable contributing pathology for it. Anti-oxidant therapy could deactivate the destructive effects of oxidative stress and amend sperm's parameters quality. Ginger is an herbal medicine with a long history of medicinal use which has potent antioxidant activity. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Ginger consumption on sperm parameters and its relation to oxidative stress in idiopathic infertile men referred to Royan Institute. METHODS: The samples were collected by masturbation after a period of sexual abstinence of 48 to 72 hours. Sperm parameters are assessed by means of Computer-Aided Sperm Analysis (CASA), ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) levels are evaluated by chemiluminescence (CL) technique; all according to the WHO 2010 manual, and DFI (DNA Fragmentation Index) are measured by TUNEL test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and T-test analysis, and statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Patients: 18 infertile men who referred to the Royan infertility Center with idiopathic infertility were introduced in this study. Interventions: All patients orally intake Ginger capsules (250 mg) twice a day over a 3 months period. They produced semen samples for analyses before and after of treatment. Main Outcome Measures: Semen analysis, ROS level measurement, and DFI assessment were performed on the all samples (before and after). RESULTS: Total count, total motility, and normal morphology of sperms significantly increased after of Ginger consumption, but ROS levels and DFI significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: Ginger consumption could prevent the oxidative stress in semen fluid by decreasing of ROS levels in sperms. These conditions may results in improving sperm's parameters quality such as sperm concentration, motility and morphology, and also to decrease DFI levels of sperms. So we can conclude that Ginger consumption could help infertility treatment by improving semen quality.


Let X be a simply connected space whose mod p cohomology is isomorphic to that of a compact, simply connected, simple Lie group as an algebra over the Steenrod algebra. We determine the algebra structure of the mod p cohomology of Ω.X algebraically. Moreover we give a method to determine the algebra structure of the mod p cohomology of the space of loops on a homogeneous space.


We identified and documented 8 spicies as new to macrofungi of Vietnam, of 7 genus, 7 family, 4 ordo, belonging to classes of Agaricomycetes, of which 2 species of edible mushrooms, 3 species poisonous mushrooms and 3 species of wood destruction, quickly formed humus for the soil environment..
New species recorded for the large fungal colonies of Vietnam have been studied for morphological and microscopic characteristics.


In the given work the features of the origin of the Burchard' decrees and their influence on the development of the canon law are considered.


System-level mission design for NEO (Near Earth Object) mitigation requires a set of feasible intercept trajectories from the Earth to the NEO. Previous trajectory analyses in the literature optimize on time of flight and other classic trajectory design parameters. However, for trajectories to be used within a system-level mission design, a figure of merit based on systems design constraints is useful to select optimum intercept trajectories. It is shown in this report that such a figure of merit can be used to select best intercept trajectories for the Athos Defined Threat (DEFT) scenario constructed for this conference.


We describe a method of deriving relative relationships in three-dimensional space for objects extracted from video data. The method exploits information about occlusion within a framework of qualitative spatio-temporal reasoning. In particular, we are concerned with correctly deriving movements that are not entirely observable, such as an object moving through an opaque tube. Using a pair of instantaneous static images taken from two different directions, we determine the location in three-dimensional space as far as possible, then use dynamic image data from around that instant to fill in the missing pieces. Moreover, we present an envisionment that shows qualitative change of relative relationships. This method can be applied to the automatic extraction of events from video data.


we bring all our special viewpoints into any investigation of the educational life of adults. We may as well accept this fact. Any research which is worth undertaking flows from the concerns and the absorptions of the investigator. It takes the drive and energy of a fascinated and highly personal interest to move forward on a new frontier and to persist until it has been conquered. But there is such a thing as letting our concerns guide us too narrowly. A slightly refurbished old story will make the point. One resident of St. Louis recently met another by chance on the streets of Nairobi. &dquo;How in the world


iii List Of Tables vi List Of Figures vii Chapter One: Introduction 1 Overview 1 Statement of the problem 4 Purpose 5 Need for the Study 5 Research questions 6 Limitations of the study 6 Delimitations 6 Assumptions 7 Definition of terms 8 Chapter Two: Review Of Literature 9 Introduction 9


By studying the situation at Bank of communications Changchun Branch Bancassurance model in recent years, this paper introduce the risk of data income Bancassurance mode after the bank provided to the Bank of Communications Changchun Branch Bancassurance this model exists and the future will face risks, after the analysis of the risk in Bank of Communications Changchun Branch bancassurance model, this paper presented the Bank of Communications Changchun Branch bancassurance model development proposals to achieve the fundamental purpose of profit, to promote the Bank of Communications other bancassurance model with common development, so that the Bank of Communications Changchun Branch continue to advance in the tide of development.


The interpretation technique and software about flowing well testing data with downhole flow pressure rising are completely blanks at home and abroad.For this reason,the mathematical and numerical models with variable skin factor,deformed dual porosity and high velocity non-Darcy flow are established,and the software for interpretation and evaluation of them is developed,which can be used to in-terpret flowing well testing data with downhole flow pressure rising that is impossibly interpreted by other well test analysis software.The skin factor and real absolute open flow vs.time in a gas well can also be obtained.Practical application shows that the method or software present-ed in this paper is not only of feasibility,but the interpreted results are close to real conditions.


Let G be a finite group, K a subgroup of G and M a left G-module. Then for reZ the complete relative homology group Hr(G, K, M) and cohomology group Hr(G, K, M) are defined in [6]. Let 1 be the unit element of G. For the case of K={1\ Hr(G, K, M)^H~r'\G, K, M) holds. But itis not true that for any G, K, M and r there exists an isomorphism from Hr(G, K, M) into H~r-\G, K, M). In fact, in [6, p. 262] there are G, K and M such that Hr(G, K, M)=Z/2Z and Hr{G, K, Af)=0 for all reZ. And if we set M=Q/Z in [6, p. 262], Hr(G, K, M)=0 and Hr(G, K, M)^Z/2Z hold for all reZ. Let A be an algebra over a commutative ring K and F a subalgebra such that the ring extension A/F is a Frobenius extension. In section 1 we shall introduce the complete relative cohomology group Hr(A, F, ―) and homology group Hr(A, F, ―) for r£Z. When the ring extension F/K is also a Frobenius extension, We can define a if-homomorphism W%r'. Hr{A, F, (―)A)―> H~r~\A,F, ―) for reZ, where A is the Nakayama automorphism. The main purpose of this paper is to show necessary and sufficientconditions on which WrA/r is an isomorphism. Theorems 6.3, 7.1 and 7.2 provide the necessary and sufficientconditions. In section 8 we apply our results to extensions defined by a finitegroup G and a subgroup K. In generalization of the well-known duality for Tate cohomology we show that Hr{G, K, ―)=H~r~\G,K, ―) if and only if K is a Hall subgroup of G.


Please cite this paper as: Phadnis S, Atilade A, Young M, Evans H, Walker P. The volume perspective: a comparison of two excisional treatments for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (laser versus LLETZ). BJOG 2010;117:615–619.


A carefully designed polymerizable achiral bent-shaped material was synthesized and homogeneously mixed with a chiral nematic liquid crystal host to form a stable self-organized three-dimensional blue phase liquid crystal nanostructure. Distinguishable from the polymer stabilization commonly used for widening the temperature range, such a bent-shaped dopant possesses two-fold effects. On one hand, a wide blue phase range can be readily induced from a chiral nematic phase due to the unique bent-shaped geometry; on the other hand, the blue phase range can be widened further through subsequent photo-crosslinking owing to two polymerizable acrylate terminal groups. A blue phase with a 58 °C range, including the whole room temperature range, was achieved. Moreover, stability under an applied electric-field, which is unachievable for common bent-shaped material induced blue phases, was achieved. The results showed a sub-millisecond response time, which is comparable with normal blue phase liquid crystals, and what is more, hysteresis of the voltage dependent transmittance performance was suppressed. An almost hysteresis-free electro-optical performance, accompanied by a fast responsiveness, is preferable for display and other applications. This work developed another kind of stable blue phase liquid crystal with a satisfying thermal and electro-optical performance, thereby facilitating its perspective applications.


In this paper, we analyze the dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) relaying systems with multiple interferers over Rayleigh fading channels. We derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability of the dual-hop AF and DF relaying systems with multiple interferers, which have arbitrary transmit power. Numerical results verify the validity of our theoretical analysis by comparison with Monte Carlo simulations and compare the outage probabilities of the dual-hop AF and DF relaying systems with multiple interferers.


A49-YEAR-OLD MAN with HIV infection and a CD4 count of 243/ml and a viral load of less than 400 RNA copies/mL, presented with a 1 month history of weakness, fatigue, and decreased exercise tolerance. His past medical history was notable for an episode of Pneumocystis pneumonia 14 months earlier and a positive PPD for which he had been taking isoniazid for the past 9 months. He had several episodes of bright red blood per rectum 6 months earlier for which he underwent colonoscopy and removal of one small benign colonic polyp. He denies any rectal bleeding or melena since then. The patient was taking Sus-


Civilian control of the armed forces is a sine qua non for democratic consolidation. In Pakistan, since its existence, the military played an eminent role in all spheres of socio-economic and political life. In this context it is stated by several analysts that the soldiers are mainly responsible for the country's setbacks on its path to democratic consolidation. The main argument made is that the military top brass, through either formal or informal interventions, were able to avoid the institutionalization of civilian control. Civilian control is understood as the distribution of decision-making power between civilians and the armed forces. This report sheds light on the successes and failures in the efforts of civilian governments to establish supremacy over the country's armed forces in order to consolidate democratic rule. The analysis derives from a conceptualization of civilian control that distinguishes five areas of political decision-making: elite-recruitment, public policy, internal security, national defence, and internal security. In order to establish control in these various areas civilians have a choice between different strategies for which they need certain resources. In this context, the study shows that civil-military relations in Pakistan have tended to be affected by historical legacies, leading to the emergence of military dominance which undermined the civilian supremacy and affected the quality of democracy.


A logic analyzer is designed and realized based on MCU+FPGA.The voltage limiting threshold of logic signal may change by 256 scale among 0~5V,precision of the system reaches 0.01V.The digital signal generator can repeat output 8-channel the cyclic shift logic signal sequence with the frequency of 100±0.5Hz.The results from experiment show that the system operates stably and precisely,easy-to-operation and low cost,so it has wide application.


Hyper-immunization of male mice with human LDH-C4 evoked autoimmune reactions illustrated by the loss of LDH activity, associated histopathological changes in testes and epididymis and induction of sterility in mice. This was substantiated by the altered morphology of sperm mitochondria and plasma membrane, and by reduced number of cytoplasmic droplets as observed by electron microscopy. However, the presence of lymphoblasts and other lymphoid cells in testes indicated that the testicular damage is accentuated by activated T lymphocytes. It is concluded that immunization with human LDH-C4 produces lesions in mouse testis and epididymis, which are similar to experimentally induced autoimmune orchitis.


The article is devoted to the agrarian migrations of Ukrainians, caused by the agrarian crisis at the end of the 19th century, the agrarian policy, which since April 1906 in the Russian Empire was entrusted to the new Prime Minister P. Stolypin. In order to prevent social conflicts, the local administration and self-governing bodies of the Ukrainian provinces of the Dnipro region offered his government their help in organizing mass migrations from the European part of the empire to the territory of the eastern outskirts of the empire, in particular to Siberia, the Far East and the steppes of Central Asia.It reviews the activities of the Regional Zemstvo resettlement organization in the field of peasant resettlement from Poltava and other provinces of the Dnipro region. Attention is drawn to the fact that, in addition to the regional resettlement organization created in June 1908, in fact, there are several other independent bodies dealing with resettlement issues, such as: peasant institutions represented by land chiefs; land management commissions; Zemstvo. Regional Zemstvo resettlement organization in 1911 p. was renamed the South Russian Regional Zemstvo Resettlement Organization. The resettlement policy of the Zemstvos is assessed as disappointing, if only because they had no administrative power, acting, as a rule, in the role of beggars. In the case of the Zemstvo participating in the organization of mass resettlement of Ukrainians, the situation in this area would be even worse, which gives grounds for a positive assessment of the desire of the Zemstvos, which were part of the Regional Zemstvo Resettlement Organization, to provide assistance, both on the road and, especially, in colonization areas.Emphasis is placed on the excessively high price that Ukrainians paid for the development of new lands at the beginning of the 20th century, because it turned out to be similar to the price of the industrialization of the USSR in the 30s of the 20th century, which was accompanied by millions of victims.


Immune-tolerant (IT) phase is the first stage of the natural history of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, also known as HBeAg seropositivity with high HBV DNA level (typically > 7-8 log10 IU/mL) and normal ALT [below the upper limit of normal (ULN)] on more than 1 occasion over a 6–12-month period. This phase usually persists for 2–3 decades in CHB patients infected perinatally, followed by transition to the immune-active (IA) phase with increased ALT level (>2× ULN) along with decreasing HBV DNA level followed by HBeAg seroconversion. Since HBeAg seroconversion is usually followed by inactive infection and occurrence at an earlier age leads to excellent prognosis,[1] HBeAg seroconversion is 1 of the major endpoints for HBeAgpositive patients receiving antiviral therapy. Current guidelines recommend that patients in the IT phase can be monitored and treatment initiated only if there is evidence of significant inflammation and/or fibrosis, persistence of the IT phase after the age of 30 or 40 years, or a family history of HCC.[2–4] Whether all CHB patients, including those in the IT or indeterminate phase, should be treated has been hotly debated in recent years. The argument for expanding treatment indication to IT patients is based on 4 reasons: first, REVEAL cohort reported a biological gradient of HCC development based on HBV DNA level: the higher the HBV DNA level, the higher the risk of HCC incidence.[5] Second, inflammation and fibrosis may exist in patients with normal ALT levels. In a recent meta-analysis of 9377 CHB patients, significant fibrosis/advanced fibrosis was found in 22.3% of IT patients though none had cirrhosis.[6] Third, HBV integration and clonal hepatocyte expansion could be seen in the IT phase, which may contribute to carcinogenesis,[7] and antiviral treatment may decrease the integrated HBV DNA. Last, HBV-specific T cells of IT patients could still proliferate and secrete Th1 cytokine by means of in vitro expansion as in IA patients, which challenges the classic definition of immune tolerance.[8] To date, there is no direct evidence based on randomized clinical trials that antiviral therapy improves clinically important outcomes such as mortality, endstage liver disease, and HCC. Ex vivo HBV-specific T cell immune control has not been confirmed in IT patients.[9,10] IT patients generally have favorable outcomes with no/minimal risk of cirrhosis or HCC development after 5 to 10 years of follow-up.[11–13] However, several studies found that the HCC risk of untreated IT patients is not inconsequential and can be as high as that in immune-active patients. Such conflicting findings are likely due to inadvertent misclassification of the IT phase, as some studies relied on only 1 or 2 HBV DNA or ALT assessments and may have included patients with unrecognized phase transition or immune-active CHB with fluctuating ALT levels.[14] Another major source of confusion is the cutoff used for ULN for ALT, which may differ based on the analyzer/reagent used in the assay and the reference population.[15,16] Many studies use 40 U/L as the cutoff regardless of sex, though women's ULN for ALT is lower than that of men and studies in blood donors and living liver donors who have undergone extensive screening for liver disease showed that normal ALT is lower, around 19–25 U/L for women and 30–35 U/L for men. Other studies have not explicitly excluded patients with cirrhosis who should receive treatment if HBV DNA is detected, regardless of ALT level, or patients with moderate/advanced fibrosis and fluctuating or mildly elevated (1–2× ULN) ALT. Thus, in Mason's study showing HBV DNA integration and clonal proliferation in IT patients, 4 had ALT ~40 U/L, 2 had stage 2 fibrosis, 1 had stage 3 fibrosis, and 1 had a histologic activity score of 4.[7] When IT patients remain untreated, HBeAg seroconversion followed by inactive phase can occur spontaneously or when patients enter the IA phase, and treatment is offered to those who fail to achieve HBeAg seroconversion after 3–6 months of observation.[10] Although older IT patients had similar characteristics and rates of transition to the IA phase as younger IT patients,[17] it is important to assess liver fibrosis and necroinflammation in HBeAg-positive patients who remain in the IT phase after age 35 or 40 as prolonged periods of high-level


This paper concentrates on the differential transform method (DTM) to solve some delay differential equations (DDEs). Based on the method of steps for DDEs and using the computer algebra system Mathematica, we successfully apply DTM to find the analytic solution to some DDEs, including a neural delay differential equation. The results confirm the feasibility and efficiency of DTM.


A method of forming a contact to an underlayer or a sub-area of a component, comprising the steps of: forming a contact hole, forming a contact hole barrier layer of a barrier material in the contact hole, etching the contact hole barrier layer on the bottom surface of the contact hole, depositing a liner material in the contact hole, and filling the contact hole with a conductive material.


We report full quantum close‐coupling and coupled‐states calculations of cross sections and rate constants for the rotational relaxation of NH(c 1Π) in collisions with Ar, based on a new ab initio description of the potential energy surface for this system. Single‐collision, state‐to‐state thermal rate constants were extracted from measured fluorescence intensities of relaxing NH(c 1Π,v=0,J) distributions in the presence of Ar starting with singly populated rotational states. Overall, the calculated and experimental rate constants agree well, although the dependence on the initial J is somewhat different. At high J the relaxation is dominated by J→J−1e/f changing transitions. This process is facilitated by approach on the more attractive ArNH(c)A' PES followed by a curve crossing to the more repulsive A' PES which correlates asymptotically to the next lower rotational level. For approach in a ''helicopterlike'' orientation, this process results in Jf→J−1,e transitions, while for approach in a ''pinwheelli...


By combining a laser pulse and a high-voltage (HV) pulse on the same sample, field evaporation of materials with poor electrical conductivity using ultra-short HV pulses is reported. Using a pump-probe setup, the shape of HV pulses experienced by surface atoms of the sample apex is experimentally observed. These results are in good agreement with classical models considering the temperature and free carriers produced by a laser pulse giving rise to local photoconduction.


Abstract This paper gives a geometric illustration of some of the commonest identities in the algebra of the sum of squares. The method is essentially the construction of squares of the various numbers and their means. These pictures provide us with a visual representation of what the identity says. The method is later extended to represent the identities concerning the sum of products by constructing rectangles.


A Phytophthora sp. isolated from stem and root lesions of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata «California Blackeye») grown in a mixture of riverbank and forest soils in containers under greenhouse conditions was identified as P. vignae based on morphological characters and pathogenicity tests. P. vignae was isolated from soils in three of five cowpea-growing districts of Sri Lanka by baiting with plants of the susceptible cowpea cultivar California Blackeye or by floating disks of tea leaves over soil. However, the root and stem disease was apparent at only one site, suggesting that some field soils might be suppressive. Among the 25 field soils tested, the disease potential index varied from 0 in many fields to 16 in one field


We present a model that distinguishes among different types of commitments by crossing self-identity levels (collective, relational, and individual) with regulatory foci (promotion and prevention). This model is important because it specifies the ways in which convergent and discriminant validity exist among different types of commitment and because it accounts for commitment to multiple constituents (e.g., commitment to one's organization and supervisor). We conclude by discussing implications of our model and proposing directions for future research.


This paper presents an optimization algorithm of a joint power and rate control in the downlink wireless code-division multiple access(CDMA) networks based on the network utility maximization framework.In the wireless context,the utility functions are non-concave,which makes the problem difficult to be solved by using the classical optimization theory.Particle swarm optimization(PSO) is applied to nonconvex design of the algorithm.Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can solve the nonconvex optimization problems efficiently and guarantee the fairness of the system.


The aim of this research was to investigate the socio-economic profile, farm characteristics and management practices of small scale intensive pig production in east Shewa of central Oromia, Ethiopia where scientific intervention could be initiated for further improvement in production. In this study structured questionnaire administered to a total of 105 household pig farmers, randomly selected from three towns (Addis Ababa, Bishoftu and Adama) in east Shewa. The data generated included socio-economic profile (age, sex, family size, land size, educational level, farming experience in years, source of income and wealth status) farm characteristics (type of breed, labour, working hour, herd size, source of foundation pig) and management practices of pig production. The results indicated that the mean farm experience in years per household was higher (P<0.05) in Bishoftu town than in Addis Ababa and Adama towns. The mean farm size in hectare per household was higher (P<0.05) in Bishoftu than in Addis Ababa and Adama. A higher (P<0.05) percentage of wealthy households were detected in Bishoftu (65%) compared to households in Addis Ababa (48.6%) and Adama (33.3%). Average number of pigs per household was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Bishoftu than in Addis Ababa and Adama. Significantly higher (P<0.05) percentage of households in Bishoftu (22.5%) employed the recommended housing designs for pigs compared to households in Addis Ababa (5.7%) and Adama (6.7%) towns. Brick walled housing was utilized by significantly higher (P<0.05) percentages of respondents in Bishoftu district (30%) compared to Addis Ababa (11.4%) and Adama (10%) towns. Thus, scientific interventions should be designed and implemented accordingly to transform the small scale pig farming in to a profitable enterprise.


Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a white-rot basidiomycete, produces the ligninolytic system in idiophase upon starvation for carbon, nitrogen or sulphur. The ligninolytic system consists of two major classes of enzymes, viz lignin peroxidases (LiP) and manganese-dependent peroxidases (MnP). In the present work, the synthesis and secretion of LiP were studied in different conditions of agitation, aeration and immobilization. The influence of temperature shift and inducers in addition to LiP production were also evaluated. The results showed that the mycelium immobilized on porous ceramic supports (Raschig rings or Berl saddles) under non-agitated culture, with pure oxygen flushed daily, on nitrogen-limited medium and a temperature shift during the course of fermentation, provided optimal conditions for LiP production.


The (men-proposing) deferred acceptance algorithm, which finds the men-optimal stable matching in a two-sided marriage market, is known to be strategy-proof for all men. This algorithm is now used extensively by many centralized matching markets. Although applicants are being advised that it is in their best interest to state their true preferences, empirical evidence suggests that a significant fraction are nonetheless attempting to strategically misreport their preferences. We show that while strategy-proof for all men, no mechanism implementing the men-optimal stable matching is "obviously strategy-proof" for all men, a term recently defined by Li (2015). Consequently, no stable matching mechanism is obviously strategy-proof for all men. This implies that in any implementation of the men-optimal stable matching, significant cognitive effort and contingent reasoning are needed to be convinced that no strategic opportunities exist for any man.


Abstract. The modelling of a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive was carried out using two software products Matlab and DIMASDrive. The consumed currents and active powers are determined both at the input of the drive and at the input of the asynchronous motor. The simulation results are compared with the results of experimental studies and the corresponding accuracy are found. Both static and dynamic modes of operation are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered software products are established. The complementarity of these programs is substantiated, which makes it possible to use them together when performing certain tasks. Keywords: frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive, Matlab program, DIMASDrive program, mathematical modelling, experimental studies, static modes, dynamic modes.


Recent years witnessed a surge in the number of IoT cameras in smart cities. In this article, an ensemble learning-based prediction model for image forensics from IoT camera is proposed. In particular, our goal is to obtain human body measurements from 2D images taken from two views. Firstly, 24 body part features are extracted by the DensePose algorithm from the two views. Secondly, the features of the upper body part are integrated with height and body weight features. Ensemble learning is then performed with the LightGBM algorithm and a regression prediction model is constructed. The proposed noncontact image prediction method is simple and workable. Its feasibility and validity are verified on an experimental dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is highly reliable in the size prediction of different body parts. Specifically, the mean absolute errors of chest circumference, waistline and hip circumference are about 2.5 cm, while the mean absolute errors of other predictions are about 1 cm.


The incorporation of new communication technologies has had an impact on all levels of education, especially on university level. This article gives an account of the educational materials in digital format that are used in Physics I in Engineering at the Facultad Regional Rafaela of the UTN. In a study carried out in 2015, we tried to evaluate the digital materials from the technological and pedagogical point of view and, in a new perspective, through the present work, we intend to compare them with the improvements implemented in 2016, so as to determine what changes were made during the research. The results show that the improvements produced positive results, taking into account the students' understanding of the different topics, especially the work with videos that were part of the final integrative work proposed by the subject. In this sense, the resources used constitute a means to achieve innovation processes not only in Physics I, but also in other disciplines of the higher level.


An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA(ELISA) was used to detect levels of antibodies against cerebrospinal meningitis in healthy individuals and patients with meningitis caused by serogroup A and C meningococci.Results Patients with meningitis caused by serogroup A meningococci were positive for antibodies at a rate of 91.41%(383/419) on average and these patients had a geometric mean titer(GMT) of 1∶11.94.Patients with meningitis caused by serogroup C meningococci were positive for antibodies at a rate of only 13.21%(56/424) and these patients had a GMT of 1∶1.94.The City of Shiyan may be a natural focus of infection for serogroup C meningococci.


The article provides an analysis of the status and prospects of sociological research of military science. Key problems of social studies of science are considered by the example of the military Academy. The features of social status of military-men scientists and specificity of the organization of scientific work in a military institution are established. The impact of recent reforms on the structure and status of the military scientific schools are studied.


Background: The ventilation and air conditioning systems for ice arenas should not only provide a comfortable environment for the people indoors and on the ice but also protect the ice surface from moisture condensation. The use of finite element methods in designing the ventilation systems will make it possible to determine the temperature and humidity conditions in the entire volume of the ventilated room at the calculation stage and, if necessary, to correct the ventilation parameters at minimal costs at the design stage.
Aim: To describe the methods of numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in a room taking into account the humidity and radiant heat exchange for the case of a small training arena.
Materials and Methods: ANSYS CFX software was used for modeling, using the finite volume method for calculations. The object of the study was a digital twin of a small training ice arena, making it possible to take into account the thermal-physical processes occurring in the room. Analysis was performed for the steady-state (stationary) heat and mass transfer condition. The modeling results were evaluated by considering air temperature and humidity contours in the most characteristic secant planes. Given that the direct determination of air humidity was not possible using the software package, a description of a method for the determination of humidity by empirical equations was provided.
Results: It was numerically established that the air targets are met in the ice arena under the given parameters of operation of the ventilation system, with no moisture condensation on the surface of the ice, and comfortable conditions maintained in the areas where people are present.
Conclusion: The modeling of the heat and mass exchange processes in the ice arena room makes it possible to avoid ice damage from moisture condensation as well as ensure the comfort of people present on the ice and in the bleachers.


Alice Adamczyk is to be commended for her work in preparing this volume. Any published material on African-based dance or dance by peoples of African lineage is a welcome contribution to the effort to document/create a canon of literature on this topic. It is fascinating to browse through Adamczyk's work at random. The annotations are arranged in simple alphabetical order, and a 1973 magazine article on an Afrocentric modern dance company may follow on the heels of a reprint of a nineteenthcentury non-dance text which includes a few pages on a vernacular dance form of that era. The reader is made aware of the scope and variety of dance endeavor of Afrocentric persuasion and the eclectic publications which may contain relevant data-sources which may be unknown even to those of us who consider this our area of expertise. Recognition is also due the author for the massive proportions of the project she undertook. It is nothing short of a gargantuan task to utilize three major research entities of the New York Public Library (N YPL)—the General Research Division, the Dance Collection, and the Schomburg Center—and to comb them for their Afrocentric holdings. However, there are some significant problems with this bibliography. Nothing in Adamczyk's cursory introduction indicates the limitations and delimitations of her research. Besides the need for a preface or foreword to deal with issues of format, a work on a subject so vast and far-reaching as "Black Dance" also warrants a substantial content introduction. A noteworthy work which provides exemplary preamble is the annotated bibliography by Martha Davis, Understanding Body Movement. Davis's introduction (which really functions as a foreword) clearly explains the scope, limitations, and delimitations of her effort. She also defines key terms and then gives a substantial content introduction (entitled "Historical Overview") which precedes the annotations. Use of such a format would have enhanced and clarified Adamczyk's work. Although Adamczyk concludes her introduction by stating that the bibliography ". . . is by no means comprehensive . . . ," this disclaimer does not sufficiently prepare the reader for the selective list of citations and the fragmentary nature of the accompanying annotations. Citations in the bibliography include data culled from clipping files in the three N YPL collections named above, dance book references (such as Lynn Fauley Emery's Black Dance and Marshall and Jean Stearns's Jazz Dance) and dance-related book references (such as biographies of musicians and works on Afrocentric history which contain dance data). However, Adamczyk has neglected to include in the bibliography references to other significant data, and their sources, available in these collections. For example, she does not cite relevant data which may be found in newspaper archives, transcripts, and taped interviews housed in these NYPL collections. Such omissions force the reader to ask what other sources of data Adamczyk chose not to examine. That she did not exhaust the resources of the three collections she tapped may perhaps be explained by the fact that, with a topic so vast, such a task would have required a team of experts, a severalvolume publication of findings, and generous funding—all of which were probably unavailable to Adamczyk. Some significant lacunae thus result from Adamczyk's methodology. For example, although there are some thirty entries in the bibliography citing the writings by Anna Kisselgoff, one of that New York Times critic's signature articles on Alvin Ailey, "Ailey's Fusion of Jazz, Modern and Ballet," and many of her other reviews of Afrocentric dance, are not included. In the same vein, the bibliography lists only one of the many articles published by researcher and historian Sally Sommer (entry #1197). The reason for these omissions is that only a few of these articles found their way into clipping files Adamczyk consulted at the NYPL. The viability of this work as a reference tool is limited in a different way where it provides instances of insufficient, and thus at times inconsistent, cross-referencing. In browsing at random through the work, I found a name and an annotation which sparked my curiosity: entry #32 is an article by researcher/critic Zita Allen on Anna Benna Sims. Sims is described in the accompanying annotation as ". . . the first and, in 1980, the only black [sic] woman dancer with the American Ballet Theater." This is an important historical fact, but Adamczyk's text is not helpful in providing access to this data. The cross-referencing system provided for all annotations is a subject index. However, I looked up "ballet" and "American Ballet Theater" in this index and entry #32 is not cross-listed under either heading. Since few people will know Anna Benna Sims by name, the noteworthy data in entry #32 is virtually inaccessible due to insufficient crossreferencing. Another example of the same problem occurs with entry #26: the annotation is for another ballet article, again by Zita Allen. It, too, does not appear in Adamczyk's subject index under "ballet" and is thus rendered inaccessible. In all fairness, let me state that a different result ensued when I followed the same procedure to trace crosslistings for the one article of mine which appears in the bibliography. Entry #407, my Dance Research Journal 15/2 article on the ballroom team of Norton and Margot, is cross-listed in three ways, making it amply accessible to researchers. (In this case, the most important cross-reference, for those who do not know the team by name, is under the heading "ballroom dancing.") Inconsistency surfaces in the annotations, too, some of which lack essential data. For example, annotations provided for books fail to indicate the number of pages orthe presence of photos or charts, bibliography, and other pertinent preamble. Nor do they direct the researcher to relevant chapters when dance information constitutes only a small portion of a larger work. Entry #919, for example, is a book on Louis Armstrong. Dance clearly is not its focus. However, the annotation does not direct the researcher to any specific chapters or pages and simply states that Armstrong "... discusses wakes, funeral


ABSTRACT Studies on divorce and shame in Indonesia have found that shame has been used by the Indonesian government to restrict divorce; however, this built on existing negative cultural constructions of the female divorcee. Although being a widow is also stigmatised by the public, this is to a lesser extent than for a divorced woman. Research has shown that the concept of shame has been one of the barriers that women face when considering disclosing their marital problems, in this instance domestic violence. In general, this concept continues to exert influence on and within Indonesian women as it has been culturally and legally embedded in Indonesian society. Regardless of their identities, all respondents felt shame when they experienced domestic violence. The experiences of Indonesian women in responding to and making decisions dealing with domestic violence differ because their response depends on their needs and interests.


Organizations increasingly incorporate general IT-enabled management ideas, which frequently are based on best practices that stem from experiences of organizations that have faced challenging situ ...


Tigriopus californicus, a harpacticoid copepod which inhabits the tide pools above the high water mark along the California coast, is subjected to sudden and extreme environmental changes. Through evaporation these pools may reach salinities considerably higher than that of normal seawater, while during rainy days the water may be greatly diluted. Heating of the pools by the sun often raises the temperature above 30 C, while heavy rainfall or high tide may suddenly lower the temperature 15-20 C. Even though such a habitat is inhospitable to most life, T. californicus occurs in these pools in great abundance throughout the year. Clearly this species is capable of adapting to sudden environmental changes without difficulty. The present study was undertaken to determine the extent of heat resistance in T. californicus and the role which thermal acclimation plays in altering this resistance. Matutani (1961) found that heat resistance in T. japonicus was gained not only by animals acclimated from 20 to 30 C, but also by those acclimated from 20 C to lower temperatures. This latter finding is in contradiction to the general rule of acclimation applied in most poikilo-


The foremost specialty chemicals and materials company brought on a transformational logistics leader, shed its transportation and warehouse assets, and ramped up a rapid worldwide expansion. Here's how it happened.


Abstract Compression testing was carried out on 0·1%C–0·9%Mn steel at various temperatures and strain rates. Peak strain behaviour was investigated as function of temperature and strain rate. Normalisation of flow stress in the stress–strain curves by peak stress exhibits an interesting trend that the normalised value changes as strain, strain rate and temperature vary. Three regions could be characterised based on the way that the softening factor defined as the difference in normalised value between the peak stress and the flow stress at a strain of 0·5 changes with temperature. It was shown that tensile elongation behaviour could be predicted based on the softening factor determined in compression tests. As the softening factor increases, tensile ductility increases.


Objective: To design a protocol of nutritional management for children diagnosed with Phenylketonuria and Maple Syrup Urine Disease for use of the Clinic for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital San Ignacio. Materials and methods: A review of scientific literature was conducted, protocols nutritional management for children were reviewed with Phenylketonuria and Maple Syrup Urine Disease, protocols the following countries are included: Chile, Mexico, Spain, the United States and United Kingdom, the United Kingdom protocol was discarded because the nutritional management in this country for phenylketonuria and Syrup Urine Disease is not applicable in Colombia, aminograms collected of infant milk formulas available in Colombia (laboratories: Abbott Nutrition, Danone Nutricia and Metabolic SAS), along with special formulas for the nutritional management of each disease, finally a search of international literature on the amino acid composition was performed food, a table was developed with input from amino acids found in food and food available were adjusted in the Colombian market. Results: A protocol for the nutritional management in Urine Disease Phenylketonuria and Maple Syrup Urine Disease children at the University Hospital San Ignacio was developed. Conclusions and recommendations: The protocol is a useful tool for professional in Nutrition and Dietetics in nutritional management in pediatric patients with Phenylketonuria and Maple Syrup urine Disease. Therefore it is important in Nutrition and Dietetics Unit of the University Hospital San Ignacio implements this protocol in order toper form the respective adjustment so we can continue the development of protocols for the nutritional management of other inborn errors of metabolism.


A high-speed x-ray fluorescence measurement technique is developed to quantify the path-integrated liquid–liquid mixing in an impinging jet spray. Mixing is inferred from the amount of each liquid present along the x-ray beam. Measurements are made at the Sector 7 bending magnet beamline at the Advanced Photon Source located at Argonne National Laboratory. The x-ray beam is spatially focused to 5×6 μm, and spectrally filtered to 15±0.2 keV. The 15 keV beam excited sodium bromide doped into the spray and PIN diodes collected the fluorescence signal (captured orthogonally to the x-ray beam to minimize scatter) and the transmission signal. Two Reynolds numbers are investigated and measurements are performed with the x-ray beam perpendicular to the liquid sheet and parallel to the liquid sheet. Two measurements, for each condition, are performed with the tracer doped in one jet to determine the mixing and doped in both jets for calibration and normalization. The accuracy and precision of the measurements are quantified and the limitations of the technique are discussed. This manuscript has been cleared for public release by the Air Force Research Laboratory. Corresponding author: firstname.lastname@example.com ILASS Americas 29th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, Atlanta, GA, May 2017 Introduction Spray breakup and mixing processes are an integral part of several applications including chemical processing and propellant injection in combustion devices [1–3]. In the case of liquid fuelled combustion previous work has shown that measurements in the absence of combustion, but at high temperatures and high pressures are still relevant to understanding the fundamental processes [4]. Several mechanical and laser-based diagnostics have been developed and employed in the measurement of sprays with great success [5–13]. However, laser diagnostics are susceptible to multiple scattering events and disruptions from refraction in large liquid structures. The applicability of these techniques and the effects of attenuation are discussed by [5]. Outlined in a review paper [6], Linne discusses several techniques specifically tailored for the near-field dense region of the spray and suggests that x-ray diagnostics may be the only way to directly measure mass distribution within a spray. Of interest to the current work is the liquid mixing in an impinging jet spray; previous measurements have employed mechanical patternation, optical and laserbased diagnostics, and time-averaged x-ray fluorescence. Using mechanical patternation, Rupe described the mixing by a 'mixing factor' based on the mass fraction of each fluid at a given location [7]. These measurements also discussed various mixing regimes, such as reflective mixing, transmitive mixing, and an intermediate regime termed well mixed [7,8]. Light transmission measurements using dyed fluids of various colors of light to determine the mixture ratio in each droplet have been performed [9]. Laser induced fluorescence was utilized to make mixing measurements based on the emission from a tracer in one of the jets [10,11]. Gas generation, from the mixing liquids, has been shown to enhance the mixing of propellants so long as it is not a dominating factor seen by [12], where the optimal performance is similar but not exactly Rupe's conclusions on mixing performance. Exciplex fluorescence was applied in [13], where they concluded the combustion process was mixing limited due to the short chemical time scales. These measurements were all made significantly below the impingement point, where gas initiation, and chemical reactions would originate in impinging jets. X-ray techniques have proven capable of directly measuring the mass distribution in all regions of the impinging jet spray [14]. Unlike visible light, which is strongly scattered from aerosols, droplets, and other liquid structures, the interaction of low-energy (~15 keV) x-rays with sprays is primarily through absorption and weak scattering. This greatly simplifies the analysis, as the attenuation signal can be related to the liquid mass density in the path of the x-rays with minimal sensitivity to the droplet size, shape, and number density. This gives a greater scope for quantitative measurements of liquid mass distribution with x-ray techniques than with most other optical techniques. Much of the recent work in advancing x-ray spray measurements has taken place at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) located at the Argonne National Laboratory [15–22]. Synchrotron x-ray sources such as the APS provide a highly collimated, tunable x-ray beam with sufficient flux for radiography to be performed over a wide range of liquid path lengths. This has yielded highly accurate and precise attenuation measurements under a variety of spray conditions. Related to this work, time-averaged mixing has been investigated in gaseous jets [20], liquid jets [21], and liquid–gas flows [22]. The current study employs high-speed simultaneous radiography and x-ray fluorescence to measure the mass distribution and liquid mixing in an impinging jet spray, respectively. Mixing was inferred from the measurement of the total mass and the measurement of the mass from a single jet that was doped with NaBr that fluoresced in the x-ray regime. Experimental Setup The liquid mixing studies were performed at the 7BM beamline of the APS, a bending magnet beamline dedicated to time-resolved fluid dynamics measurements. The x-ray source creates a high-flux, polychromatic, nearly collimated x-ray beam. The beamline consists of two enclosures, 7-BM-A and 7-BM-B. Enclosure A contains slits and a double multilayer monochromator to condition the beam size and to select a narrow range of x-ray energies, respectively. The monochromator can tune the photon energy from 5.1 to 15 keV (∆E/E = 1.4%). Enclosure B houses KirkpatrickBaez focusing mirrors [23], the spray was affixed to a two-dimensional translation stage, and the x-ray detectors to measure attenuation, fluorescence and to normalize the beam intensity. A schematic of the enclosures and experiment is shown in Fig. 1. A thorough description of the beamline can also be found in [15]. Pointwise raster scanning data were collected while the spray was traversed across the incident beam, along the minor axis, and at several downstream locations, along the zaxis (normal to major and minor axes). The experiments were conducted at a photon energy of 15±0.2 keV, with the x-ray beam was focused to 5 μm (vertical) × 6 μm (horizontal) at full width at half maximum (FWHM). Two PIN diodes were used to measure the attenuation from both liquids and the fluorescence from one liquid. A third diamond-based transmission diode monitored the incoming x-ray intensity. The attenuation PIN diode was constructed of 300μm-thick silicon and operated without bias voltage detected the transmitted x-ray intensity for attenuation 3 measurements. The PIN diode signal was normalized by the signal from a diamond-based transmission diode. Figure 1. Schematic of APS 7-BM enclosures for x-ray energy selection, beam focusing, and detection of attenuation and fluorescence (above view). The relative x-ray attenuation along the path of the beam, and hence the amount of liquid along that path, was then determined using Beer's Law. For a monochromatic x-ray beam, Beer's Law can be written as:


Ailanthus altisima (Mill.) Swingle is an important species used in afforestation works in Turkey, and is preferred in afforestation of arid regions and infertile regions, in erosion control works and in large industrial cities because it is very resistant to smoke and toxic gases. Within the scope of the study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different media and sowing time on the germination of Ailanthus altisima seeds. The research was conducted in Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Forestry Research and Application Greenhouse. Ailanthus altisima seeds were obtained from the trees in the KTU Kanuni campus in November, which is the natural seed fall time. Sowing was carried out on specially prepared seedbeds. Sowing was carried out on special seedbeds in November and March and on traditional seedbeds in January. The 1000 seed weight was determined before sowing. Seeds were sown on special seedbeds in two different ways as without the pericarp and with pericarp, and by line sowing method using seeds with pericarp on the traditional seedbeds. According to the results of the study, it was determined that sowing seeds with or without pericarp in autumn was effective in on the germination percentage. However, it has been detected that it is not important sowing seeds with or without pericarp in the spring season, when the temperature and humidity required for germination can be easily ensured. Both sowing treatments (seed with pericarp 94.17%, seed without pericarp 99.45%) had almost similar germination percentages. It has been determined that the appropriate planting time for Ailanthus altissima seeds is spring in terms of germination percentages, and it has been revealed that it would be appropriate to sowing under greenhouse conditions in order to meet the need for seedlings in autumn.


The function of generating answer sheet is an important part of the examination system. This paper introduces the advantages of generating answer sheet by SSTab control and control array in VB language, and gives some examples to illustrate some important technological parts which should deserve being noticed. The result indicates that the introduced method of this paper can make the development of the dynamically generating answer sheet more concisely and more practically.


Objective:To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis inducing effect of specific COX-2 inhibitor SC236 in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. Methods: The expression level of apoptosis-regulating proteins Bcl-2,Bak,Bax and CED-9 was analyzed by Western blot method.Cell apoptosis index was measured by fluorescence microscopy as well as by flow cytometry. Results: Treatment of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells with SC236 caused a significant elevation of the expression of the apoptosis-promoting proteins Bak and Bax,but a significant reduction of the expression of the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 and CED-9 were observed.Cell apoptosis index or rate increased with the increment of SC236 concentration and the time of action. Conclusion: Specific COX-2 inhibitor SC236 could induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 through the up-regulation of the apoptosis-promoting proteins Bak and Bax,and the down-regulation of the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 and CED-9.


A review of the current challenges for the understanding of the physics of extragalactic radio jets from supermassive black holes is presented. Also, a prospect is given about how both very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) and polarimetric observations help us to understand their physics and the ones of their magnetic fields. This paper focuses on the impact that previous ultra-high resolution polarimetric surveys have had on our current knowledge on radio loud AGN. It first concentrates on the expectations about the improvement that the Square Kilometer Array, used as a super-sensitive VLBI station on existing and future very long baseline interferometric arrays, will provide in terms of access to new source classes, and in terms of a deeper portion of the Universe than currently accessible. A series of key new radio loud AGN science fields, to be opened by the Square Kilometer Array, are outlined together with a collection of preliminary ideas about possible programs of interest to deep in such fields. The complementary aspects of future super-sensitive VLBI observations as compared to deep continuum surveys with the Square Kilometer Array and its precursors are also outlined here.


In order to effectively locate coordinates of unknown node,localization algorithm usually select any three beacon nodes to compose a triangle then work out the centroid of this triangle,however the localization error is larger.In order to improve node localization precision,take any four beacon nodes form quadrangle,then this quadrangle is divided into two triangles and respectively work out centroids,then workout average value of coordinates of two centroid,as centroid of unknown nodes.This algorithm avoids large error brought from concave quadrilateral composed of four beacon nodes.Dynamic simulation experimental result in opnet environment,show that without adding node,compared with original centroid algorithm convergence rate decreases slightly,but computation precision is increased.


When an incident light beam is scattered off a sample of ultracold atoms trapped in an optical lattice, the statistical properties of the retro-reflected field contain information about the quantum state of the atoms, and permit for example to distinguish between atoms in a superfluid and a Mott insulator state. This paper extends our previous analysis of this problem to include the effects of cavity damping. We use a Monte Carlo wave function method to determine the two-time correlation function and time-dependent physical spectrum of the retro-reflected field in the case of a simple two-well lattice. We also analyze quantitatively the entanglement between the atoms and the light field for atoms in a Mott insulator and a superfluid state.


e14535 Background: Inflammatory markers have been used as prognostic factors in multiple malignancies.In cancer patients, critically ill, the utility of these have limited data.The aim of our study is to determine whether neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) or lymphocyte platelet ratio(PLR) are prognostic factors for mortality in critically ill patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 79 patients with solid tumors admitted to ICU at Sanna-Aliada Clinic between January 2018 to December 2018. Inflammatory markers results were obtained from laboratory tests performed during the first 24h of admission to ICU. Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and the sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and probability indicators for the NLR and PLR. Results: A total of 79 patients were assessed, 39 women and 40 men. The average age was 60.28 years, median of 61 ( 18 to 91). 51.9% had metastatic disease. The most frequent places were lung 12 (15.2 %) and brain 9 (11,4%) . The main cause for admission to ICU was infectious disease (40.5%). The analysis of normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) indicates that the variables age, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, have a normal deviation while the other variables: lactate, PCR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) , Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are not distributed normally. Regarding mortality, 44 patients were alive at 30 days (66.7%), and 30 (45.5%) were alive at 90 days. The average stay in the ICU was 8.43 days, with a median of 6, (SD 7.17, 1 to 40 days), 22.8% died in the ICU. The evaluation of PLR and NLR as a mortality marker is significant for the group of patients admitted to the ICU due to a noninfectious pathology, generating an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.706 for NLR (95% CI, 0.535 - 0.876, p-value = 0.035) and 0.767 for PLR (95% CI, 0.615-0.918; p-value = 0.006); the optimal cut point by Youden's index for NLR was 8.29 and 267.94 for PLR (Sensitivity: 76%, Specificity: 67%). In contrast, the group with infectious pathology, the AUC was 0.47 for NLR (p = 0.78) and 0.42 for PLR (p = 0.44). The relationship of the biomarkers with stay in ICU was also evaluated, finding a statistically significant association with the lactate value (p = 0.024, Kruskal-Wallis) Conclusions: Inflammatory markers are useful as predictive markers of mortality in critically ill patients due to non-infectious causes. The lactate value serves as a predictive factor of stay in the ICU for all the patients. We suggest carrying out prospective studies to confirm the validity of our findings.


One major concern when treating patients with ICBs, such as anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, is the high frequency of immune-related adverse events. This, along with lacking a reliable biomarker for patient stratification, underscores the need for multimodal therapy allowing for the use of lower doses and implementation of standard operating procedures to manage these side-effects without compromising efficacy. However, as is evident throughout the contributions in this article collection, several important outstanding questions remain to be fully addressed including optimal dosage, timing, and scheduling for these combinatorial approaches.


In this paper, combined with the characteristics of spiral-shaped transverse magnetic field (TMF) contacts and cup-shaped TMF contacts, a new structure of spiral-cup shaped contacts was designed. Firstly, experiments were carried out on two kinds of TMF contacts – the traditional cup shaped contacts and the new spiral-cup shaped contacts. Arc behaviors were recorded and the arc motion were studied. The experimental results indicated that the arc motion between new contacts was better than that between the traditional cup-shaped contacts. Here, we paid particular attention to the arc characteristics between spiral-cup shaped TMF contacts. The duration and threshold current of different stages with different tested currents were discussed, and the arc characteristics during arc motion stage was analyzed. Moreover, electromagnetic field simulation was conducted on above two kinds of TMF contacts, and the distributions of magnetic field and the electromagnetic forces acted on arc were compared. According to the simulation results, some experimental phenomena were explained theoretically. In addition, the spiral-cup shaped structure proposed here makes it possible to research on arc movement mechanism without considering the complex mechanism of arc stepping over slots.In this paper, combined with the characteristics of spiral-shaped transverse magnetic field (TMF) contacts and cup-shaped TMF contacts, a new structure of spiral-cup shaped contacts was designed. Firstly, experiments were carried out on two kinds of TMF contacts – the traditional cup shaped contacts and the new spiral-cup shaped contacts. Arc behaviors were recorded and the arc motion were studied. The experimental results indicated that the arc motion between new contacts was better than that between the traditional cup-shaped contacts. Here, we paid particular attention to the arc characteristics between spiral-cup shaped TMF contacts. The duration and threshold current of different stages with different tested currents were discussed, and the arc characteristics during arc motion stage was analyzed. Moreover, electromagnetic field simulation was conducted on above two kinds of TMF contacts, and the distributions of magnetic field and the electromagnetic forces acted on arc were compared. According to t...


Objective To screen potential targets for anti- RSV drugs,we constructed the pSUPER RNAi vectors of targeting gene in infection of RSV on SPC- A1 cell in order to inhibit the replication of RSV at gene level. Methods Use DDRT- PCR method to obtain mRNA differential expression spectrum of SPC- A1 cell infected by RSV,then gain more than thirty genes which are close correlation in in- fection of RSV using electronic clone. We selected some gene sequences as target spot among the thirty genes. Sixty four base- pair oligos for hairpin RNA expression were chemically synthesized and annealed. PSUPER vector was linearized with BglII and HindⅢ. Finally,annealed oligos were inserted into the treated pSUPER to construct RNAi plasmid. Then active recombinant plasmids were selected primarily and the transfection efficiency,cytotoxicity were evaluated. We make use of Plaque assay and the MTT method to observe disturbing effection of four recombinant plasmids and specific inhibit effction of corresponding virus target gene. Results Four recombinant plasmids pshRNA- ZQ06 / 16 /20 /26 targeting the gene of RSV successfully constructed,and they could alleviated the CPE of RSV infectied SPC- A1cells. The recom- binant plasmids had not significant cytotoxicity on SPC- A1 cells. By the method of MTT,analysing and determing the effection of RNAi that can specific inhibit RSV target gene. Conclusions The pshRNA- ZQ06 /20 /26 showed a more potent inhibition than pshRNA- ZQ16.