The purpose of this experiment was to examine the approach run of the triple jump. Specifically the presence and _ . absence of the takeoff board was ^ ^ ^ manipulated in an attempt to identify the programmed and visual control phases of the approach run proposed in previous work. Partieipants performed run throughs and triple jump trials in tftetiyo Visual conditions imposed by the boord manipulation. For the conditions in which the takeoff board was present, the results indicated that there was a substantial decrease in variability of the footfalf. 4 i;;


This paper aims to discuss the formative experiences of undergraduates in the collaborative research entitled: "Professional Development and Pedagogical Innovation: an exploratory study on PIBID contributions." The analyzes presented are the results of a survey carried out with undergraduate students of Pedagogy, History and Letras of UFOP - Federal Uni-versity of Ouro Preto by means of an open questionnaire. The interaction of the different aspects addressed in the speeches of the undergraduates points to thinking about the for-mation of the student linked to the teaching profession, through the research. In other words, it is necessary to take into account the concrete situations and problems faced with-in the school, in addition to perceiving the practice of the supervisors teachers of PIBID as an important field of investigation.


In the edge computing (EC) environment, edge servers are deployed at base stations to offer highly accessible computing and storage resources to nearby app users. From the app vendor's perspective, caching data on edge servers can ensure low latency in app users' retrieval of app data. However, an edge server normally owns limited resources due to its limited size. In this article, we investigate the <italic>collaborative caching problem</italic> in the EC environment with the aim to minimize the system cost including data caching cost, data migration cost, and quality-of-service (QoS) penalty. We model this <italic>collaborative edge data caching problem</italic> (CEDC) as a constrained optimization problem and prove that it is <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {NP}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="script">NP</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="xia-ieq1-3016344.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-complete. We propose an online algorithm, called CEDC-O, to solve this CEDC problem during all time slots. CEDC-O is developed based on Lyapunov optimization, works online without requiring future information, and achieves provable close-to-optimal performance. CEDC-O is evaluated on a real-world data set, and the results demonstrate that it significantly outperforms four representative approaches.


Power quality is the major problem in the fast growing electical systems. Persistent increase in non linear loads have caused distortions in the distribution system leading to becoming unbalanced in the current and voltage waveforms which affect the quality of the power.The major power quality issues analyzed in this paper relate to voltage sag, reactive power, voltage harmonics, current harmonics, interharmonics, subharmonics, unbalanced voltage, unbalanced current, and inrush current of Induction motor.Also the line to ground fualt is created in the distribution system and analysed the power quality issues with conventional and Dual UPQC. The performance analysis of various power quality issues are compared with four different casessuch as conventional UPQC with SRF-PI controller, conventional UPQC with fuzzy controller, Dual UPQC with SRF-PI controller and Dual UPQC with fuzzy controller and the results are tabulated. The simulation results show that the performance of the fuzzy based dual UPQC controller is better than the conventional PI controller.


In the first study of COVID-19, enrolled 138 confirmed laboratory cases showed the changes of lymphocyte and neutrophil counts, D-dimer levels, increased inflammatory markers were found such as, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP).7 Chen et al.8 reported in a retrospective study that leukocytosis were found in 24% and leukopenia in 09% patients, Neutrophilia in 38% patients, Lymphocytes and Hemoglobin were below the normal range in many patients, however, Thrombocytopenia were found in 12% patients and Thrombocytosis in 4% patients.


The effects of tonic labyrinth reflex and the leg muscle activities on the muscle activities in the neck, shoulder and back regions were studied in 13 healthy subjects loaded isometric retrusive jaw exercises.1. There was no significant postural difference in the jaw force (P>0.5).2. Mean muscle active potentials (MMAPs) in SCM, Tra (Nu) and Tra (B) depended on postures and/or jaw exercise (P>0.05).1) MMAPs in SCM (inf) before jaw exercise were higher at the -90° position (P>0.05).2) MMAPs increased during the exercise, and made the postural effects clear.3) MMAPs decreased after the exercise, but higher activities than that before it remained.The effects of the exercise revealed themselves remarkably in SCM (inf).3. MMAPs in the limb muscles hardly depended on postures, except for Bi-Fem and Soleus at the 180° position.4. It is suggested that muscle activities in the neck, shoulder and back regions before, during and after jaw exercises depend on postures changing the response of the vestibular system, and that posture is one of the factors which induces or increases discomfort in the neck, shoulder and back regions of the patients with occlusal disease.


Objective: To evaluate Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) for assessing validity of test performance. Methods: To compare the results of RSPM between head injured patients with and without malingering. Results:①There were significant differences in the performance between the two groups of patients in subtests A,B,C and D of RSPM. There was no significant difference on subtest E. ②Based on p 0.05, the number of malingering patients with an obliquity (R2)0.648 were significantly more than that of the non-malingerers. By contrast, the number of non-malingerers patients with an obliquity ≥ 0.648 were significantly more than that of the malingerers. Conclusion: The progressive decrease on the 5 subtests and obliquity rate of RSPM may aid in assessing validity of test performance.


∗I thank Elena Asparouhova and Peter Bossaerts for isughtful conversations and useful comments. Financial support was provided from the David Eccles School of Business and the National Science Foundation (E. Asparouhova and P. Bossaerts, SES-1426428) †Corresponding author: Corina Besliu, E-mail: email@example.com, Address: University of Utah, 1645 East Campus Center Drive, BUC 202, Salt Lake City, UT 84112


Shearlet Transform (ST) is one of the most effective algorithms for the Densely-Sampled Light Field (DSLF) reconstruction from a Sparsely-Sampled Light Field (SSLF) with a large disparity range. However, ST requires a precise estimation of the disparity range of the SSLF in order to design a shearlet system with decent scales and to pre-shear the sparsely-sampled Epipolar-Plane Images (EPIs) of the SSLF. To overcome this limitation, a novel coarse-to-fine DSLF reconstruction method, referred to as Mask-Accelerated Shearlet Transform (MAST), is proposed in this paper. Specifically, a state-of-the-art learning-based optical flow method, FlowNet2, is employed to estimate the disparities of a SSLF. The estimated disparities are then utilized to roughly estimate the densely-sampled EPIs for the sparsely-sampled EPIs of the SSLF. Finally, an elaborately-designed soft mask for a coarsely-inpainted EPI is exploited to perform an iterative refinement on this EPI. Experimental results on nine challenging horizontal-parallax real-world SSLF datasets with large disparity ranges (up to 35 pixels) demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method over the other state-of-the-art approaches.


"Design is defined as to plan,conceive,and set up a program,also including to conceive,drawing and modeling."The process of dress design is"to conceive and make up the effective drawings and plane graph based on the demands of the desig nees,then to produce according to the design drawings,so as to complete the whole process of design'.Of course,the dress de sign is actually related with design.However,in the field of dress design,the most important factor that affects design is"art".From the history of dress,it's easy to find the trace of trend of art.


An on-site questionnaire of shore anglers at Rottnest Island revealed that few were day visitors and most were staying in rental accommodation on their annual holiday to the island. Though most people fished near the settlement area, angling was recorded at many other localities around the island. Most respondents were male, from the Perth metropolitan area (particularly the higher income coastal suburbs), and, in the previous year, had fished at the island on <5 days. Though there is a summer peak in island visitation, more anglers were encountered in winter than summer. This angler profile information was incorporated a priori into the temporal and spatial stratification of a subsequent recreational angling total catch and effort survey.


Identifying the factors influencing fish recruitment is critical for fishery management, and failure to do so can have major ecological and economic consequences. Many hypotheses over the past century have been proposed, and the recently postulated Trophic Efficiency in Early Life (TEEL) hypothesis argues that a shorter food chain length can result in more efficient energy transfer from primary producers to young fishes, thereby increasing growth rate and larval condition, reducing early-life mortality and ultimately leading to a stronger recruitment cohort. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the trophic position (TP) through compound-specific isotopic analysis of amino acids, as well as otolith microstructure and stomach content of larval shortbelly rockfish (Sebastes jordani). Results show larval rockfish that ate lower TP prey were both heavier and faster growing. This suggests the trophic characteristics of early life diet are critical to larval survival, and provide evidence in support of the TEEL hypothesis.


Introductory text to a new edition of photographer David Bailey's collection of views of the changing district of London where he lives.


C1 inhibitor is a serpin type serine protease inhibitor in blood plasma, showing relatively low sequence homology with serpins of known structure [1,2]. C1 inhibitor is the only inhibitor known that acts on enzymes involved in early steps of the classical and lectin pathways of complement activation. Its physiologically crucial targets also include plasma kallikrein, as well as fXIa and fXIIa in the intrinsic coagulation. It binds endotoxins from bacteria and E-, P-selectin adhesion proteins on endothelial cells that also contribute to its anti-inflammatory activity. Its deficiency results in hereditary angioedema [3]. In the cases when the risk of inflammation is high, such as organ transplantation, heart attack or sepsis, application of C1 inhibitor in the therapy was found beneficial [4].


Decay curves and lifetimes of benzophenone phosphorescence in polystyrene and in bisphenol A polycarbonate (BPA–PC) at 80—433 K significantly reflect change in the molecular motion of matrix polymers such as glass transition, β-transition, and γ-transition. The non-single-exponential decay-curves were observed in both polymers at temperatures between Tγ and Tg, and analyzed using the diffusion-controlled rate coefficient with a time dependent transient term for the dynamic quenching process of benzophenone triplet by phenyl or phenylene groups in the matrix polymers. The diffusion coefficients, D, of the reacting functional groups in polystyrene and BPA–PC for the wide temperature range below Tg are much larger than that in PMMA in the same temperature range, showing a higher quenching ability of these polymers for the benzophenone triplet.


ABSTRACT To gain insights into the function of Cav3.3 T-type calcium channel in dorsal root ganglion neurons, we designed a one-cell model in dorsal root ganglion neurons that specifically inhibits the expression of Cav3.3 mRNA. We designed three different shRNA sequences and then connected them to pYr-1.1 plasmid and labelled them as pYr-1.1-Cav3.3 shRNA1, pYr-1.1-Cav3.3 shRNA2 and pYr-1.1-Cav3.3 shRNA3, respectively. The correct sequence vector (pYr-1.1-Cav3.3 shRNA3) was then recombined with the pAd/PL-DEST vector into pAd-Cav3.3 shRNA the adenovirus vector. The dorsal root ganglion neurons were infected with the pAd-Cav3.3 shRNA adenovirus vector. After detecting the expression of Cav3.3 mRNA and protein, the pAd-Cav3.3 shRNA adenovirus vector was verified by digestion and sequencing. These results showed that the constructed pAd-Cav3.3 shRNA adenovirus vector could infect dorsal root ganglion cells and inhibit the expression of Cav3.3 mRNA or protein. These results established a one-cell model for further functional study of Cav3.3.


The effect of space holder amount and decomposition methods on the morphology, density and porosity and compressive properties of aluminum foams were investigated. Aluminum foam was fabricated by powder metallurgy method using spherical carbamide as space holder using three different decomposition method of carbamide includes; dissolution process, normal sintering process and two step sintering process. Aluminum foam with 60 wt.% carbamide has the lowest density and exhibited the highest porosity for all the decomposition. The results indicated that Al foams produced by dissolution method have the highest compressive properties with acceptable density and porosity value.


∗University of Nebraska Lincoln, firstname.lastname@example.com †Foundation for Research and Technology–Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, Laser and Applications Division, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece ‡Foundation for Research and Technology–Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, Laser and Applications Division, GR-711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece ∗∗Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany ††Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany ‡‡Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany This paper is posted at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska Lincoln.


It is proposed a method for processing and thermal gasification of hydrous organic feedstock (C), which comprises subjecting the water-containing organic feedstock (C) a Biotrocknungsverfahren and thereafter implement, at least in part by the thermal gasification to at least one gaseous gasification product (F). The method further includes, an oxidation gas (O) with at least 25 volume percent oxygen and provide to pressurize and having a first portion thereof, the water-containing organic feedstock (C) in the Biotrocknungsverfahren use a second portion in thermal gasification. A plant adapted for implementing the method according to the invention is also subject matter of the present invention.


A large part of the business and operations of the state in Turkey is carried out by people who are called civil servants. These include basic services that the state has to provide to citizens. For this reason, the situation of civil servants concerns the state, the society and also themselves in particular. In this research, it is aimed to reveal the current status of civil servants by considering the rights granted to them and the prohibitions imposed on them. In order to achieve this aim, the laws on civil servants were examined as the primary source of information. According to these laws, what the rights of civil servants are, what some of these rights mean in practice and how they should be understood, what the prohibitions imposed on the civil servants are and how the civil servants are affected by some prohibitions are addressed. Furthermore, it was also discussed that how much certain rights granted to civil servants need to be taken into account when choosing civil service. In this study it has been concluded that the rights granted to civil servants in Turkey are not sufficient in several respects, the bans on civil servants significantly limit them, but despite this reality civil service is still preferred for economic, historical and sociological reasons.


BACKGROUND
Compared with the traditional qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which only identifies the category of species, the quantitative PCR method provides a value, which is very important for appropriate penalty enforcement according to the extent of adulteration. However, most of the currently quantitative PCR methods were based on mitochondrial genes, expressing different copy numbers in different cells and reducing the accuracy of quantitative results. In this study, the single-copy nuclear housekeeping genes, instead of multicopy mitochondrial genes, were selected as both the camel species-specific and the reference genes to develop a novel normalized PCR system.

RESULTS
This system had an excellent linear correlation (R2  = 0.9614) between the camel milk content and the Ct ratio (specific/reference genes), and allowed quantitative detecting percent content of camel milk in adulterated milk samples. The accuracy was effectively validated by simulated adulterated samples with the recoveries ranging from 90% to 120% and CV values <10%, exhibiting sufficient parameters of trueness and precision.

CONCLUSION
The normalized PCR system based on single-copy nuclear genes was a simple, rapid, and reliable method for the determination of percent content of camel milk in adulterated milk samples, and also provided a technical support for appropriate penalty enforcement. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


An unfolding method is described for determining the directional fluence of neutron fields from the readings of six personal dosemeters mounted on a polyethylene sphere. The method can be applied to every detector system with energy- and angle-dependent response functions, provided a suitable group representation can be found. Results obtained with CR-39 etched track dosemeters in a reactor environment are discussed.


The present article aims to analyze how the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte behaves towards the modern public administration practices, which preach the overcoming of bureaucratic dysfunctions, in pursuit of efficiency and quality in public services. The study is developed from the theoretical review about New Public Management (NGP) and survey of data obtained from the UFRN Portals (ufrn.br), with focus on Integrated Management Systems. The methodology used was bibliographical and documentary research. After a comparative analysis between theory and practice, it was concluded that the development and implementation of the SIG-UFRN incorporates NGP values in institutional management, insofar as the tool promotes transparency, agility, efficiency and economy in the use of resources.


OBJEctIvE: Ultrafiltration (UF) failure is a frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis peritonitis. Octreotide (OCT) has antiproliferative effects on many cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of OCT (administered locally or systemically) on peritoneal alterations induced by bacterial peritonitis.


In this age of ecological sustainability, energy planning has grown more complicated as a result of the inclusion of numerous standards, including technological, political, financial, and environmental considerations. As a result, this places significant limitations on the ability of policymakers to independently and covertly optimize energy sources, which is particularly problematic for rural populations. In contrast, the constraints imposed by the topography of the land on renewable energy (REEN) systems, which are for the most part dispersed across the natural environment, make energy planning more difficult. In these kinds of situations, decision analysis plays a crucial part in the process of creating these kinds of systems by taking into account a wide range of requirements and goals, even at fragmented levels of digitization. Many criterion decision making, often known as MCDM, is a subfield of operational research that focuses on finding optimum outcomes in complicated situations that include various measures, competing goals, and multiple criteria. Because it enables decision-makers to make choices while simultaneously taking into account all of the standards and goals, this tool is gaining traction in the area of energy planning, which is one of the reasons why it is becoming more famous. In this paper, the TOPSIS MCDM methodology is integrated with the triangular neutrosophic sets to rank and select best source of REEN in Egypt. The neutrosophic sets used due to incomplete and uncertainty in this ranking.


ries in the three dailies were international; the Third World accounted for 82% of the foreign stories. The Third World also accounted for 23% of the editorials, while only 6% dealt with the developed world. In the op-ed article category, the Third World's share was 23%, while the developed world trailed with only 10%. Letters to the editor also showed a similar emphasis. The Third World claimed 19% of the space, while the developed world received only 8%. In the list of the top 20 countries receiving the widest coverage, all the regional categories were represented. Iran, as a country was at the top, with 13% of the space given to foreign news. The list of countries given highest priority by all three dailies reflects a comparable pattern. A Spearman rho test applied to the lists of the countries covered by all three dailies showed a highly significant correlation between the Washington Post and the New York Times. The findings of the study suggest that the previous assumption of West Europecentered coverage pattern does not hold good in the case of these elite dailies. Although each daily has its distinct character in terms of news focus and selection, they seem to have a similar perspective. The same regions, and countries, tend to get similar news attention from the dailies. In the period under study (before the U.S. hostage crisis started), Iran ranked first in the New York Times and the Washington Post, and second in the Christian Science Monitor. This may seem surprising, since coverage appears to have dramatically declined later, following the solution of the hostage crisis. Possibly U.S. diplomatic or political interest in a country can greatly influence news attention. It may be a more important factor in coverage decisions than the internal situation of the country itself over a period of time, although a coup, earthquake or other event may briefly draw closer attention.


The fabrication of M42 powder metallurgy high speed steel followed by jointing to 45 steel was accomplished at one step via spark plasma sintering(SPS) technology.Its interface's microstructure appearance,element distribution,microhardness and interface forming process were tested and analysed.The results show that the composition of the transition layer and microhardness of M42/45 steel joints exist as a gradient distribution.The joint hasn't distortion and microcracks,the thickness of transition layer up to 10.2 μm.The jointing of M42/45 steel interface is a comprehensive synergy both fusion bonding and diffusion bonding mechanism.The former one takes priority at the early sintering process,while the later one becomes dominant over the followed sintering process.


Valuation rings occur in a wide variety of situations. In this paper we bring together many basic results concerning this important class of rings. In particular, we consider the relation between valuation rings and Dedekind domains.


Eight leading contemporary interpreters of Classical Greek tragedy here explore its relation - convergence and divergence - with ideas of the Archaic Period. Prominent are the nature and possibility of divine justice, the influence of the gods on humans, fate and human responsibility, the instability of fortune, the principle of alternation, hybris and ate , the inheritance of guilt and suffering. Other themes are tragedy's relation with Presocratic philosophy, and the interplay between 'Archaic' features of the genre and fifth-century ethical and political thought. Here is a powerful case for the importance of Archaic thought not only in the evolution of the tragic genre but also for developed features of the Classical tragedians' art. Along with three papers on Aeschylus, four on Sophocles, and one on Euripides, there is an extensive introduction by the editor.


Probabilistic methods are growing more important in the aerospace industry due to the ability to describe the behaviour of complex systems in the presence of input parameter variance. Sensitivity analysis based on meta models can be utilized for this purpose. The reliability of the results is dependent on the surrogate model quality, which in turn depends on the available data. A priori the appropriate meta model type is not known.
 An approach to automatically select the best fitting model for a given data set is presented in this paper. For comparison, polynomial regression with least squares fitting, moving least squares, radial basis functions, and support vector regression are used as candidate types. The selection of the best meta model type is based on two quality criteria utilizing a cross-validation (CV) scheme. The developed approach is demonstrated on the sensitivity analysis of a cooled turbine blade.


The disclosed novel method of making ITI/V semiconductor lasers involves cleaving of the wafer along predetermined cleavage planes. A cleavage plane is defined by means of aligned non-continuous depressions. The depressions are spaced from the laser contact regions, and typically are V-grooves produced by photolithography and anisotropic etching. A further surface feature, typically a precisely positioned scribe mark, facilitates cleavage initiation. When carried out in vacuum the novel method can provide high quality, accurately positioned cleavage surfaces, and conse quently can facilitate increased yield of high power lasers.


Two chrysomelid leaf beetles, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope) and A. scutellatus (Baly) (Galerucinae: Chrysomelidae) are endemic to the northeast Indian hills and adjoining areas where their host plant, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott originated. This study brings out the feeding behaviour of these. The univoltine life cycle of these beetle is in close synchrony with the phenology of their host plant C. esculenta. The creamy white 'caterpillar-like' grubs from first to the fourth instar feed gregariously inside the long petioles and sometimes enter the underground tubers. The final instar grubs invariably bore into the tuber and feed inside. Due to the feeding and movements of a group of 15–20 grubs, the internal starchy contents of the tuber get loosened. The final instar make vigourous churning movements within the tuber and this often leads to the starchy contents become a thick viscous milky fluid. Thus the final instar grubs live in a fluid environment till they get dispersed for pupation underground. The adult beetles exhibit leaf trenching behaviour to drain off the milky latex from the leaf canals before feeding. The feeding results in circular or elongated holes in the leaf. The beetle feeds the leaf at a very early stage of trenching. Lack of turgor pressure in the leaf veins could be the reason for early discontinuance of trenching on severed leaf. Time taken to make circular trench and feeding hole on the leaves and the area of leaf consumed by adults is discussed.


Information on patients, definitions, contemplate structure, and results were preoccupied and reviewed by utilizing pre-built-up criteria. The preventive practices with the most grounded steady proof were semi-supine situating, sucralfate rather than H2 opponents for stress ulcer prophylaxis, and specific stomach-related tract disinfecting. Goal of subglottic wavering beds might be helpful in select populaces. There is no proof to help explicit strategies for outside bolstering or expanded recurrence of ventilator hardware changes.[1-6]


In this study, the intestinal bacteria of wild Antarctic fish
(family Nototeniidae) were examined with traditional
culture-based techniques. The bacterial flora of the gut
contents of four marine fish species Notothenia coriiceps,
Trematomus bernacchii, Trematomus hansoni and Trematomus
newnesi has been investigated in an attempt to describe the
allochthonous bacteria inhabiting these Nototheniidae fish. A
set of 43 fresh and healthy fish was analysed and intestinal
bacteria were retrieved using the dilution plate technique on
selective media Endo agar and XLDA agar. A total of 133
different bacterial isolates were obtained and initially
characterised by key phenotypical tests. Notothenoid fish gut
microbiota showed low species diversity of isolates and
intestines were inhabited in average amount of 3 different
isolates per fish. The poor bacterial colonization of intestine
content showed samples of Trematomus newnesi. Curiously, the
Gram-negative non-fermenters, including Pseudomonas sp., Vibrio
sp. and Alcaligenes-like isolates represented the majority
(59%) of intestine isolates grown on the used selective media
for enteric bacteria. Based on preliminary identification, only
54 isolates (41%) were tentatively determined as enteric
bacteria. The identification of 54 isolates of Gram-negative
fermenting rods to the species level was achieved using
biochemical characterization by commercial kits ENTEROtest 24
and Biolog GN2 MicroPlate. Results showed that Enterobacter
cloacae phenon and Aeromonas hydrophila were predominant
bacterial species in the free-living fish intestine from the
group of fermenting Gram-negative rods.


OUR DOCTORAL DISSERTATION IS THREEFOLD AND ITS THREE PARTS COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER. IN THE FIRST PART WE MAKE AN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THE TRANSLATION PROBLEM. THIS IS ALTOGETHER GENERAL AND ANALYTICAL; IT CAN HAVE AN OVERALL SCOPE OR CAN BE AN AD HOC DIFFICULTY; AND ITS NATURE HAS TO DO WITH LANGUAGE, METHODOLOY AND COGNITION AS WELL. ANY TRANSLATION PROBLEM CAN AFFECT DIFFERENTLY THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE TEXTE TO BE TRANSLATED AS WELL AS THE WRITING OR WORDING OF THE TRANSLATED TEXT. AT THIS POINT, WE PUT FORWARD A NEW ANALYTICAL UNIT THAT WE CALL, IN FRENCH A TRADUCTEME. IT IS THE SMALLEST ANALYTICAL UNIT, RELATED TO LANGUAGE OR COGNITION OF VARAIBLE length, WICH CAN BE PERCEIVED OR DEDUCTED IN THE ANALYSIS OF A TRANSLATION VERSUS THE ORIGINAL. THE TRADUCTEMES SHOULD NOT BE MISTAKEN WITH THE RESULT OF A MERE SPLITTING OF PHYSICAL UNITS OF THE WRITTEN TEXTE; FAR FROM BEING TINY BITS OF A LINGUISTIC NATURE, THEY POSE THEMSELVES AS COGNITIVE, ANALYTIC, AND COMPOSITIONAL UNITS. TALKING OF THIS GENERAL AXIS, WE MUST SAY THAT IT IS HERE THAT ONE LEARNS TO IDENTIFY THE KIND OF TRANSLATION PROBLEM(S) ONE IS DEALING WITH AT A GIVEN MOMENT, BUT DEPENDING ON THE STAGE THE TRANSLATOR IS IN: BEFORE, DURING OR AFTER THE TRANSLATION PROCESS, SECOND, WE LOOK AT A CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSLATION PROBLEMS: RELATED TO LANGUAGE, DEALING WITH COGNITION OR CONCERNING CULTURE. IN EACH AND EVERY CATEGORY, THE PROBLEMS ARE LOOKED AT IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY THEM AND DERMINE IF THE TRANSLATOR HAS TO DO WITH A DIFFICULTY OF UNDERSTADING (IDENTIFYING WHAT IS IN THE ORIGINAL), OR A REEXPRESSION ONE (HOW TO TRANSFER THE ORIGINAL MEANING IN THE TRANSLATION). THE LAST PART, IT IS ABOUT DOCUMENTATION AND LITTERATURE TRANSLATORS COULD USE TO HELP SOLVING THE PROBLEMS THEY ENCOUNTER. THEY ARE LANGUAGE-ORIENTED AS IT IS THE CASE WITH MONOLINGUAL OR BILINGUAL DICTIONARIES, DESCRIPITVE AS WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA, GENERAL ONES AS WELL AS SPECIALIZED, ATLAS AND SO ON.


Advances in Robotics are challenging our definitions of what robots are and our perspective on how we interact with them. The conventional image of a robot as a large structure made of stiff, rigid links, is slowly being replaced by machines that are more lifelike. Now that we know robots are capable of outperforming humans in terms of strength or precision their role in manufacturing has expanded. As researchers in Robotics push the limits of what robots can be made of, at which scales, and what capabilities they offer, other segments of the economy are considering robots as technological solutions. Healthcare, telecommunications, even agriculture or shipping may become the next arenas for widespread deployment of robots. As robots are developed and deployed, based on different technologies and across a wide range of sizes, there is a growing need for a unified framework of discussion. In particular in the rapidly growing fields of soft and small robots, the importance of energy as a performance metric is paramount. How the robot stores energy, or harvests it from the environment sets the baseline for how much valuable work it can perform in the target environment. How the energy is converted from storage to mechanical work used in manipulation and locomotion, at which scales and with what efficiency are the key metrics for matching a robotic technology to a specific application. As robots are miniaturized, the macro scale distinctions between soft and rigid components become blurred, and energy metrics can be used to describe both technology types and allow for direct comparisons. In this new framework, multiple technologies can be discussed and evaluated across different robotic functionalities. For energy storage, the conventional electrical energy storage in a battery or supercapacitor, can be replaced with chemical fuels, storage in mechanical mechanisms, or even direct harvesting from the environment, for example through turboelectric nano generators. For actuators the broad range of technical solutions (e.g. fluidic soft actuators, chemo-mechanical transducers, dielectric elastomer actuators, piezoelectric actuators, etc.) can be compared across standard metrics, including specific energy and energy density, energy conversion efficiency, and bandwidth. Lastly, new components can provide multi functionality, for example actuators that offer opportunities for embedded sensing and unique control strategies. To showcase the recent advances in these rapidly growing fields, we have organized this special section of Advanced Intelligent Systems focusing on "Energy Storage and Delivery in Robotics". The special section offers both original research work, as well as reviews and perspective articles from different disciplines, including haptics, mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineering, as well as materials science. The general themes and contributions are summarized below: At small scales and with powerful fabrication capabilities, new materials can be developed to push robots towards the performance limit of natural systems. Gracias et al. (article number 2000195) demonstrated solvent responsive self-folding of graphene architectures, an example of chemo-mechanical energy transduction. The researchers were able to show complex structures, including helices and pyramids deforming in response to chemical fuels, with no electronic components. In a similar venue, Ng et al. (2100085) built and operated self-sustained robots based on functionally graded elastomeric actuators carrying up to 22 their body weight. Borrowing lessons from biology, the researchers use soft actuators in combination with a more rigid exoskeleton to boost its performance. Aiming to provide a framework for discussions of energy in soft robotics, Stokes et al. (2000264) analyzed energy-based abstraction for soft robotic system development. In a more conventional robotic framework, Jusufi et al. (2000244) demonstrated modeling and control of a soft robotic fish with integrated soft sensing. The work is a valuable foray into understanding of the swimmingmechanics of fish, including the role of stiffness control in achieving adaptable but efficient locomotion underwater. From swimming to flying robots, Floreano et al. (2100150) studied passive perching with energy storage for winged aerial robots. Their experimental work focused on a proof-of-concept claw shows 5% of the kinetic energy can be recaptured during perching, a valuable recovery for an energy intensive locomotion mode, such as flying. Fan et al. (2200045) reviewed next-generation energy harvesting and storage technologies for robots across all scales. Their extensive summary broadly covers energy storage, harvesting and conversion mechanisms, highlighting unique opportunities where significant gains can be made to improve robotic performance. Blurring the lines between material and component, Pikul et al. (2000255) showed computer-free autonomous navigation and power generation using electro-chemotaxis. Their combined power approach can benefit millimeterto centimeter-scale robots deployed in unstructured environments, alternating between onboard power and the ECVS to extract energy from surrounding metal infrastructure and extend their search time and depth. With a haptics focused application in mind, Wu et al. (2100120) showed self-powered and interface-independent tactile sensors based on bilayer single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerators for robotic electronic skin. For an even broader view of the challenge of M. Duduta Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada E-mail: email@example.com


An efficient methodology is developed to predict slow-drift responses of slender compliant offshore structures due to ocean waves. It uses a hybrid wave model for computing the incident wave kinematics and the Morison equation for wave loads. An iterative-incremental Newmark-Beta approach is employed to simulate the structure responses in the time domain. The hybrid wave model considers the nonlinear interactions between the wave components in incident waves and hence is able to predict wave kinematics accurately up to the second order of wave steepness. It is observed that when the hybrid wave model is used for computing wave kinematics, the predicted slow-drift responses of a JIP (Joint Industry Project) spar are in excellent agreement with the measurements of the model tests. However, the corresponding predicted slow-drift responses using Wheeler stretching and linear extrapolation methods for wave kinematics do not agree with the measurements.


This paper presents a curriculum design for applications programmers in two neighboring community/junior colleges in the state of Texas. McLennan Community College serves a rural area with predominantly small DP shops environments whereas E1 Centro serves an urban area with a wide range of installation sizes. Despite their differing student bodies and environments, a common curriculum has been designed based on the draft of the ACM C3S-CAJC model curriculum in computer programming (1).
 The authors have designed a flexible curriculum in which the language emphasis is based on community needs. The curriculum includes a second major language because the knowledge of two business programming languages greatly enhances the job prospects of students in the Southwest area.


Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with gefitinib in elderly NSCLC.Methods 27cases of elderly NSCLC patients were analyzed.Results The efficacy rate was 66.7%.1-year survival rates were 63.0%.The incidence of radiation pneumonitis was 25.9%.The incidence of radiation esophagitis was 29.6%.The incidence of rash was 37.0%,and the incidence of diarrhea was 22.2%.Conclusion The three-dimensional conformal Hypofractionated high-dose radiotherapy combined with gefitinib for elderly non-small cell lung cancer is safely and definitely.


The Named Data Networking (NDN) project is emerging as one of the most promising information-centric future Internet architectures. Besides NDN recognized potential as a content retrieval solution in wired and wireless domains, its innovative concepts, such as named content, name-based routing and in-network caching, particularly suit the requirements of Internet of Things (IoT) interconnecting billions of heterogeneous objects. IoT highly differs from today's Internet due to resource-constrained devices, massive volumes of small exchanged data, and traffic type diversity. The study in this paper addresses the design of a high-level NDN architecture, whose main components are overhauled to specifically meet the IoT challenges.


This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication with the adversity quotient. The study was conducted by employing a quantitative survey method with a correlational technique. The proportional random sampling was used with a sample of 101 teachers from seven private elementary school teachers in Jakarta. Three broadly hypothesized of three variables were tested to find out their correlations. The results showed that emotional intelligence has a positive relationship with teacher's adversity quotient; interpersonal communication has a positive relationship with teacher's adversity quotient, and emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication have a significant relationship with teacher's adversity quotient. The findings indicate that emotional intelligence, interpersonal communication, and adversity quotient positively correlate with each other, which leads to teachers' professional development and advantages to teachers' success.
Keywords: emotional intelligence; interpersonal communication; adversity quotient; primary school teachers, professional development.


It has been observed that many pathological process increase the elastic modulus of soft tissue compared to normal. In order to image tissue stiffness using ultrasound, a mechanical compression is applied to tissues of interest and local tissue deformation is measured. Based on the mechanical excitation, ultrasound stiffness imaging methods are classified as compression or strain imaging which is based on external compression and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging which is based on force generated by focused ultrasound. When ultrasound is focused on tissue, shear wave is generated in lateral direction and shear wave velocity is proportional to stiffness of tissues. The work presented in this paper investigates strain elastography and ARFI imaging in clinical cancer diagnostics using real time patient data. Ultrasound B-mode imaging, strain imaging, ARFI displacement and ARFI shear wave velocity imaging were conducted on 50 patients (31 Benign and 23 malignant categories) using Siemens S2000 machine. True modulus contrast values were calculated from the measured shear wave velocities. For ultrasound B-mode, ARFI displacement imaging and strain imaging, observed image contrast and Contrast to Noise Ratio were calculated for benign and malignant cancers. Observed contrast values were compared based on the true modulus contrast values calculated from shear wave velocity imaging. In addition to that, student unpaired t-test was conducted for all the four techniques and box plots are presented. Results show that, strain imaging is better for malignant cancers whereas ARFI imaging is superior than strain imaging and B-mode for benign lesions representations.


According to WHO and UNAIDS report, there has been dramatic increase of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia. The objective of the study was to determine the distribution of opportunistic infections in people with HIV / AIDS and the use of antiretroviral drugs in the BRSU Tabanan from April to June 2019. Data revealed that the number of cases was as many as 126 patient which 55.6% were men and 44.4% were women. The highest age group was 30-39 years (39.4%), and 60.3% of patients still actively working , while the level of education mostly (58.7%) was moderate. Most of the patient (68.2%) were married and 79.3% of patients had CD4 levels <200 when starting therapy. The study also showed stage III (WHO) as the most diagnosed clinical stage at 57.1%. More than half of patients have lost weight (67.5%) and have been or were being diagnosed with opportunistic infections (71.4%). Oral Candidiasis was the top Oportunistic Infection (OI) found in the study (40.5%). Almost all patients have good compliant of ARVs (95.2%) and the most use regimen was a combination of AZT + 3TC + NVP which was 73.8%.


Although a controversial issue in the not distant past, it is now well established that breastfeeding is the primary factor mediating post-partum subfecundity. This complex interaction between behavior and physiology is a central research focus in several fields sharing a common concern with the mechanisms that regulate human reproduction. Despite the demonstrated linkage between lactation and return of the first post-partum menses, many questions regarding the relationship between variation in breastfeeding behavior and variation in ovarian function remain unanswered. In particular, women of seemingly comparable breastfeeding magnitude display substantial heterogeneity in the duration of post-partum subfecundity. In addition, the hormonal mechanisms by which lactation regulates ovarian function remain unclear, and the debates regarding the contribution of factors other than breastfeeding to post-partum subfecundity continue unresolved. Part of the difficulty in addressing these questions derives from the use of disparate methodological approaches and an absence of specificity in analytical units. In particular, maternal recall of breastfeeding behavior is subject to substantial bias yet is the data source for most analyses. In addition, although a growing body of evidence suggests that variation in breastfeeding structure may contribute to variation in ovarian function, most studies fail to distinguish or evaluate the different components of suckling behavior. Elucidating the bases of this variation amongst women and populations requires disentangling the roles of the environment, culture, and behavior in structuring suckling activity. Anthropologists in particular have an opportunity to achieve significant insights into the ecology of human breastfeeding and reproduction. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


Abstract A paired adenosine kinase-positive/adenosine kinase-negative cell system is proposed to distinguish those adenosine analogues that need to be phosphorylated to exert their biological effects from those that are mainly targeted at S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase.


Science teachers and science textbooks commonly introduce students to the scientific method in elementary and junior high school, but the study of scientific method and philosophy can be a life-long endeavor. Our essay concentrates on a particular aspect of the scientific method — the testing of hypotheses. Concepts of hypothesis testing have changed even within the relatively short period of modern science. Specifically, the concept of proof has been abandoned for reasons we shall describe. Although we can not prove hypotheses, we can almost certainly disprove some hypotheses, if they are false. To describe the modern method of hypothesis testing, we borrow the term "strong inference" from John R. Platt's Science (1964) essay by the same name. In brief, strong inference is the method of testing a hypothesis by deliberately attempting to demonstrate the falsity of the hypothesis. A hypothesis that repeatedly withstands attempts to demonstrate its falsity gains credibility, but remains unproven. We are confident that our essay reflects the thinking of most scientists that hypotheses are potentially disprovable but not provable. Nevertheless, we qualify these views somewhat, arguing that neither proof nor disproof is certain.


In view of the natural conditions in loess area of Gansu,in the light of investigation conditions of seepage of built loess and weak rock highway tunnels in this area and classification of water gushing conditions for railway tunnels,and by engineering analogism,the classification of tunnel water gushing types suited the structure design of highway tunnel waterproof and drainage,and the three methods for checking and subdividing water gushing types are presented.This classification is exceedingly convenient to pre-estimate the medium short tunnel gushing in this area,which provided an effective guide for the design and construction of Tianchan 2 grade special purpose highway in Gansu province.


This project work deals with the yield of maize and some factors affecting it. The factors considered were land area cultivated, rainfall and temperature. Multiple regression was used as the statistical tools for analysing the data for the desired results. The data used covered a period of twelve years (1987-1998). A multiple regression equation known as the prediction equation was gotten and used in predicting the yield of maize for 1999 equals 203.42 tonnes and for 2000 equal to 199.80 tonnes respectively. Coefficient of determination, R is approximately equal to 61.70% (total variation of the yeild of maize when the independent factors are introduced). The correlation coefficient, r equal 0.7855 was also calculated.
The relationship of the yield and each of the independent factors were carried out by the aid of correlation coefficient analysis: r is approximately equal to -0.08, r is approximately equal to -0.63 and r is approximately equal to -0.75
homogeneity of the regression coefficient was used in this work to test whether the coefficient are the same or not and the result shows that no significance difference.


We show that the problem of computing source-sink reliability is NP-hard, in fact # P-complete, even for undirected and acyclic directed source-sink planar graphs having vertex degree at most three. Thus the source-sink reliability problem is unlikely to have an efficient algorithm, even when the graph can be laid out on a rectilinear grid.


The final degree project for a Bachelor of Science in Mining and Mineral Engineering has been carried out at Boliden Mineral AB between April and June 2013.The report describes the history and geol ...


Objective: The objective of the study was to highlight the general characteristics of Salmonella spp. as to pathophysiology, focusing on forms of control and correlating hygiene with food security. Methodology: a search was performed in the bibliographic databases: Science Direct, Google academic, Pubmed and Scielo, to select articles published between the years 2011-2020. The terms used were: Food infections, Salmonella spp., food safety, chicken meat, associated with each other in Portuguese and English. Results: The infectious process by Salmonella spp. it is complex, the bacterium is capable of producing more than 400 proteins that cause inflammatory reactions, even if they are not hosted inside the intestinal cell and depending on its serotype it can cause various diseases, such as gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. Conclusion: In view of the above, it is possible to conclude that Salmonella spp. is among the main agents involved in food toxinfections, is commonly isolated in foods of poultry origin (as well as foods made from eggs) and swine, this transmission is also caused lack of hygiene on the part of handlers, as well as the improper storage of products and consumption of fresh or undercooked food.


Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of C14-labeled tetramine were in vestigated in Douglas-fir, orchard grass, and blackberry. Applications were made to the foliage and in nutrient culture solutions under controlled conditions, and the tracer was followed in treated plants with autoradiography and counting techniques. C14-labeled tetra mine was absorbed from nutrient solution by roots of all three species. Transport occurred via the transpiration stream, and translocation was slowest in Douglas-fir. After uptake by roots and deposition in plant tissues, the tracer did not recirculate within the plants. Im mobility (nonsystemic properties) of the chemical was also demonstrated by lack of down ward movement after foliar applications. 04-labeled tetramine was metabolized in the plants, and degradation was highest in orchard grass and lowest in Douglas-fir. Tetramine's toxicity, possible hazards in its use, and its nonsystemic properties suggest that use of the chemical to protect tree seedlings from animals does not look promising. THE sEARCH for a systemic chemical with a potential for protecting forest tree seedlings from animals led wildlife biolo gists to the toxic chemical, tetramethylene disulphotetramine ( tetramine). Bioassay studies, as well as pen and field tests, were conducted to evaluate the chemical (Spencer 1954, Kverno 1960). However, these investigations were largely limited to conifers, and methods used did not accur ately determine the chemical's mobility or its metabolic fate in plants. This paper presents studies of translo cation and metabolism of C14 uniformly labeled tetramine ( tetramine*) 1 in three plant species and discusses the results in relation to possible use of the chemical for animal damage control. A preliminary account of the work has been reported elsewhere (Radwan 1966). 1 Radioactive tetramine (2.02 mc/mM) was pre pared by Tracerlab, Waltham, Mass. Materials and Methods Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), orchard grass ( Dactylis glomer nta L.), and blackberry (Rubus ursinus Cahm. & Schlecht.) were the test species. These plants represented gymnosperms, monocotyledonous angiosperms, and dico tyledonous angiosperms, respectively. Growth of plants. Seed from individual lots of Douglas-fir and orchard grass and cuttings from one blackberry plant were grown in sand until plants reached a height of 3 to 5 inches. Plants, in pairs, were then transferred to quart mason jars, covered with aluminum foil and containing Hoagland's nutrient solution 1 (Hoagland and Arnon 1950) with 3 ppm of chelated iron, and placed in a plant The author is Plant Physiologist, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Expt. Sta., Forest Service, U.S. Dept. Agric., Portland, Ore. Manu script received Sept. 19, 1966. Reprinter1 from FoRES'l' SCIENCE, Volume 13, Number 3, September, 1967 Purchased by the U. S. Forest Service for official use. growth chamber under controlled condi tions. Temperatures in the chamber were 26 ° C during the day and 16 o C at night. Root zone temperature remained constant at 19° C. Relative humidity ranged from 70 to 90 percent, and fluorescent-incandescent light at level of plant leaves was controlled at 1,800 ft-c on a 14-hr photoperiod. Solutions were continuously aerated, pH was maintained at 5.0, and cultures were allowed to accli matize for at least 10 days before treat ment. Treatment of plants. Tetramine* was used. The tracer was applied to the roots via the nutrient solution at the rate of 17 /J-C in 2.0 mg tetramine* per jar contain ing 800 mi. Foliar applications were 0.42 /J-C each, in 50 �-tl of solution containing 5 0�-tg tetramine* and 0.1 percent "Tween 20" surfactant. Solution was applied with a micropipette to one mature leaf of grass and blackberry and to a group of mature needles of Douglas-fir. Effect of time on uptake by roots and distribution of tetramine* in the three species was determined in a time series. Plants were removed from treatment so lutions and processed after 2, 6, 8, 24, 96, 168, 336, 504, and 588 hours. Studies of tetramine* mobility within plants were made in two ways. First, tetramine* was applied to the foliage and plants were harvested after 7 days; sec ond, plants were root treated with tetra mine*-6 hours for grass and blackberry and 48 hours for Douglas-fir. Following treatment, roots were washed and plants were transferred to tetramine-free nutri ent solutions. Cultures of each species were divided into two groups of two cultures each. Seedling grass and blackber ry plants of the two groups were har vested after 7 and 14 days, respectively; those of Douglas-fir were harvested at 30 and 60 days. Blackberry plants were root treated for 48 hours to determine distribution of te 266 I Forest Science tramine* in flowering plants. One group of plants showed flower buds at time of treatment; the other group was treated before flowering. Following treatment, roots were washed and plants were trans ferred to tetramine-free nutrient solu tions. Plants were harvested when flower ing was complete. At time indicated for each experiment, roots were thoroughly washed in distilled water and blotted with soft tissue. Treated leaves were partly covered with masking tape to prevent contamination during further processing. Intact plants were then quick-frozen with crushed solid C02 and freeze-dried at -15° C (Pallas and Crafts 1957). Two lyophilized plants from each treatment were divided into roots and shoots. In the mobility experiment where plants were root treated, shoots were fur ther divided into new and old growth. Resulting parts were individally ground to 40 mesh in a Wiley mill and stored until counted. Remaining two plants of each treatment were used for autoradiography but were divided and ground as before after their autoradiograms were obtained. Metabolism of tetramine* was studied by ( 1) chromatography of extracts and (2) collection of carbon dioxide. 1. Plants of the three species were root treated for 7 and 28 days. Harvested plants were washed, divided into roots and shoots, and resulting parts were cut into small sections and extracted with acetone for 144 hours in Soxhlet apparatus. Ex tracts were concentrated and chromato graphed on Whatman No. 1 paper by the ascending technique. The paper was pre .wa hed with 2N-HC1, distilled H20, and C2H50H. Following spotting, the paper was impregnated with 35-percent formamide in methanol and developed in chloroform saturated with formamide after equilibration for 12 hours (Heftmann 1961). 2. Plants of each of the three species were root treated for 7 days, washed, and transferred to tetramine-free solutions as 100 EFFECT OF TIME EXPOSURE ON TRANSLOCATION OF TETRAMINE FROM ROOTS TO SHOOTS 0= ::t UJ 120 :::> V>V> t= 110 10 0 :::t: V> >-c::: Cl lJ_ 0 90 ::;: (!) c::: 80 UJ 0... UJ Orchard grass 1:::> :z: ::E c::: UJ 60 0...


InGaAsN∕GaAs multiquantum well structures have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy with 1% nitrogen in the well. Intersubband transitions have been observed in the infrared region by transmission spectroscopy. Infrared detectors have been processed and an intersubband transition has been observed in the photocurrent spectrum. All the observations are consistent with each other and in very good agreement with a theoretical calculation. Band to band transitions observed by photoluminescence also confirm the position of the levels in the well.


Being based on the Iceberg Theory,this thesis classifies logistics cost of manufacture corporation into explicit and implicit cost.Calculating explicit and implicit logistics cost and bringing out the calculation method of implicit cost,this thesis offers feasible project for calculating logistics cost of manufacture corporation exactly in China.


The link that may exist between the arms race phenomenon and the eventual outbreak of open warfare is not a new topic in peace science. Yet, in spite of the undoubted importance and interest of the subject, there have been remarkably few systematic attempts at integrating the analysis of arms races, on the one hand, and the study of the 'causes' of war, on the other. This paper offers a few preliminary and straightforward thoughts on this question, the aim being more to raise or emphasize a number of issues than to supply firm answers.


Part 1 General: the breeding value of Bolivian potatoes cytogenetics and crossability species concepts and evolutionary relationships phytogeography and ecology potato exploration in Bolivia taxonomic methods used in this book classification of the genus "solanum" Part 2 Detailed taxonomy: "commersoniana" "circaeifolia" "conicibaccata" "acaulia" "cuneoalata" "megistacroloba" "tuberosa" - wild "tuberosa" - cultivated. Appendices: 1 - list of herbaria from which material has been consulted 2 - species and subspecies abbreviations 3 - collecting their collecting numbers, and our identifications.


A new control method of induction motor is proposed in this paper to reduce the pulsation of motor torque and magnetic flux linkage, which, as a great disadvantage, exists in the direct torque control system. According to the conclusion, the required voltage vector is provided which can be composed by space voltage vector pulse width modulation. Simulation results show that it effectively solves the problem of torque ripple and flux ripple


Research on fish, amphibians, birds and mammals now provides considerable evidence of both anatomical and motor asymmetries. Most of this work focuses on motor actions related to handling objects or moving towards or away from them. Considerably less work has been conducted on motor actions associated with social interactions such as facial and vocal expressions. In this paper we present analyses of timing asymmetries for rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta, facial and vocal expressions. We collected video records of semifree-ranging adult and infant rhesus monkeys during a variety of social interactions, and subsequently subjected them to frame-by-frame analyses. Results of these analyses revealed that both facial and vocal expressions are consistently produced by adults and infants with a timing asymmetry, with one side opening earlier than the other. Specifically, for both adults and infants, the left side of the face initiates the expression before the right, thereby implicating right hemisphere dominance. Because some expressions are related to positive/approach emotions while others are associated with negative/withdrawal emotion, emotional valence does not appear to influence the direction of this motor asymmetry. Results are discussed in light of potential differences between the mechanisms underlying the production and perception of communicative expressions in human and nonhuman primates.


Plant disease diagnosis is very important for agriculture because of its importance in increasing crop production. Nowadays the advances in image processing gives a new way. One of the newest way to solve this issue via visual plant disease analysis. In this paper, we discuss the problem of plant disease recognition. Here we tackle plant disease recognition via reweighting both visual regions and loss to emphasize diseased parts. We first compute the weights of all the divided patches from each image based on the cluster distribution of these patches to indicate the discriminative level of each patch. Then we allocate the weight to each loss for each patch-label pair during weakly supervised training to enable discriminative disease part learning. We finally extract patch features from the network trained with loss reweighting, and utilize the LSTM network to encode the weighed patch feature sequence into a comprehensive feature representation. Extensive evaluations on this dataset and another public dataset demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method. We expect this research will further the agenda of plant disease recognition in the community of image processing


The aging of Brazilian population increases the importance of the study of accessibility. Tablets devices are winning the market, and the study of their interfaces for the elderly also an important field of research. However, recent studies have found that the WCAG 2.0 do not fully address this scenario. In order to fill this gap, nine new successful criteria for WCAG 2.0 to assist in the detection of accessibility problems in this scenario have been proposed, but they have not been evaluated. This article presents the evaluation of these nine new successful criteria. The methodology was based on recruiting evaluators, separating them into three groups, choosing websites that have presented the problems that gave rise to the new criteria, inspecting the websites and analyzing the results. Results of the accessibility evaluation using the new criteria have shown that they are relevant and help in detecting a greater number of accessibility problems in websites.


Northeastern Pennsylvania is located in the Appalachian Ridge and Valley region characterized by northeast– southwest oriented ridges running parallel to broad valleys. Snowfall in the region can vary considerably over short distances owing to differences in elevation. To study the impact of elevation on snowfall in this region, a collection of snow events from 2005 to 2014 was studied. The median high-elevation versus low-elevation snowfall ratio—or orographic ratio—for the events was 1.27; however, several cases were identified that departed substantially from the average. The primary goal of this study is to give forecasters an understanding of factors that modulate the impact of elevation on snowfall in this region. Nine events with a high-elevation dependency were compared to twelve events with a low-elevation dependency. High dependency was most likely with high-amplitude flow and deep surface cyclones along the East Coast, whereas low-dependency cases were associated with Miller type B cyclone tracks and flow that was less amplified. High-elevation dependency also was most likely for events with strong lower-tropospheric winds, along with surface temperatures >–1°C (30°F) at Avoca, Pennsylvania. A relatively weak, inverse correlation was found between elevation dependence and lower-tropospheric stability. The Froude number is shown to be useful for determining the impact of elevation on snowfall. A regression equation was developed to help determine the impact of elevation on snowfall, and two case studies are shown to demonstrate that output from the equation can be used in conjunction with high-resolution model guidance to realistically assess the impact of elevation on snowfall in northeastern Pennsylvania. ABSTRACT (Manuscript received 13 November 2016; review completed 26 March 2017)


To assess Mars' potential for both harboring life and providing useable resources for future human exploration, it is of paramount importance to comprehend the water situation on the planet. Therefore, studies have been conducted to determine any evidence of past or present water existence on Mars. While the presence of abundant water on Mars very early in its history is widely accepted, on its modern form, only a fraction of this water can be found, as either ice or locked into the structure of Mars' plentiful water-rich materials. Water on the planet is evaluated through various evidence such as rocks and minerals, Martian achondrites, low volume transient briny outflows (e.g., dune flows, reactivated gullies, slope streaks, etc.), diurnal shallow soil moisture (e.g., measurements by Curiosity and Phoenix Lander), geomorphic representation (possibly from lakes and river valleys), and groundwater, along with further evidence obtained by probe and rover discoveries. One of the most significant lines of evidence is for an ancient streambed in Gale Crater, implying ancient amounts of "vigorous" water on Mars. Long ago, hospitable conditions for microbial life existed on the surface of Mars, as it was likely periodically wet. However, its current dry surface makes it almost impossible as an appropriate environment for living organisms; therefore, scientists have recognized the planet's subsurface environments as the best potential locations for exploring life on Mars. As a result, modern research has aimed towards discovering underground water, leading to the discovery of a large amount of underground ice in 2016 by NASA, and a subglacial lake in 2018 by Italian scientists. Nevertheless, the presence of life in Mars' history is still an open question. In this unifying context, the current review summarizes results from a wide variety of studies and reports related to the history of water on Mars, as well as any related discussions on the possibility of living organism existence on the planet.


The data collected at the TeVatron RunIIa have been used to look for supersymmetric charged Higgs boson and Left-Right suspersymmetric doubly charged Higgs boson. No signal of such bosons has been found and this note reports on the current analyses and their observed excluded domains in models parameter space.


The present study aimed to adapt a rapid river assessment protocols (RAP) to be used by elementary school children. The study was conducted in Ipameri, GO and the RAP was adapted for the evaluation of streams in the Cerrado biome. Based on two protocol models, the developed RAP included: physical parameters that affect the functioning of streams, language adapted to the educational level of elementary school and the presence of drawings that could facilitate the field application of RAP by the students. For consolidation of the adapted instrument, it was offered a monitoring workshop to 95 students from two public education institutions, and developed an analysis and interpretation of the pattern of responses obtained during the practical step of the workshop. The Bartlett and Levene tests revealed no statistical differences between the response patterns of the students, allowing to infer that the developed RAP was understandable by the evaluators. The application of the RAP was fast (20 to 40 minutes) and the students reported that the developed instrument helped them to familiarize with environmental issues. In addition, the monitoring workshop helped them to understand the instrument and the available illustrations facilitated the field evaluation. In addition, the students concluded that they have become aware of the issues related to the water resource preservation and also that participation in the environmental monitoring workshop allowed the appropriation of knowledge about the river system functioning. It was concluded that adapted RAP has been proved to be a useful and interesting tool for using in environmental education projects and programs.


knowledge of early-nineteenth-century publishing circles, this is a timely and, at times, moving book about the challenges of aging, the dynamics of inter-generational ten-sion, and the role of the artist in society. Cox ' s book skillfully balances fi nely detailed close reading with the broader sweep of romantic print culture and European politics, creating a compelling narrative of Wordsworth as an engaged, sometimes combative, reader of Byron, Shelley, Keats, Hunt, and more. The poet who emerges from this study is in some sense a second " early " Wordsworth, deeply embroiled in the worlds of publishing and politics after Napoleon ' s defeat. Beautifully written, brilliantly con-ceived, and meticulously researched, this volume makes the most persuasive case to date for the importance of the " later " Wordsworth to the study of British Romanticism. Marilyn Gaull would have loved this book.


Significance Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), albeit a bona fide member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, is an ATP-gated chloride channel. However, phylogenetic analysis has led to a popular conjecture that CFTR evolves from a primordial ABC exporter by simply degenerating the cytoplasmic gate. This degraded transporter hypothesis predicts that CFTR's gate is located at the external end of the substrate translocation pathway as the one documented in the crystal structures of ABC exporters. Here we provide experimental data supporting the presence of a gate in CFTR at a segment that may also serve as the selectivity filter. This functional duality of a restrictive segment close to the middle of the pore axis distinguishes CFTR from its myriad brethren in the ABC protein family. Experimental and computational studies have painted a picture of the chloride permeation pathway in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) as a short narrow tunnel flanked by wider inner and outer vestibules. Although these studies also identified a number of transmembrane segments (TMs) as pore-lining, the exact location of CFTR's gate(s) remains unknown. Here, using a channel-permeant probe, [Au(CN)2]−, we provide evidence that CFTR bears a gate that coincides with the predicted narrow section of the pore defined as residues 338–341 in TM6. Specifically, cysteines introduced cytoplasmic to the narrow region (i.e., positions 344 in TM6 and 1148 in TM12) can be modified by intracellular [Au(CN)2]− in both open and closed states, corroborating the conclusion that the internal vestibule does not harbor a gate. However, cysteines engineered to positions external to the presumed narrow region (e.g., 334, 335, and 337 in TM6) are all nonreactive toward cytoplasmic [Au(CN)2]− in the absence of ATP, whereas they can be better accessed by extracellular [Au(CN)2]− when the open probability is markedly reduced by introducing a second mutation, G1349D. As [Au(CN)2]− and chloride ions share the same permeation pathway, these results imply a gate is situated between amino acid residues 337 and 344 along TM6, encompassing the very segment that may also serve as the selectivity filter for CFTR. The unique position of a gate in the middle of the ion translocation pathway diverges from those seen in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and thus distinguishes CFTR from other members of the ABC transporter family.


In article the question of interrelation and dependence between corporate culture and a phenomenon of «servility» is considered, qualitative features of corporate culture are distinguished.


Since correct critical points are crucial for most shape decomposition algorithms, a variety of part-related measures have been presented to detect these critical points. Among this, the electrical charge distribution on the shape (ECDS) and its variants have some distinguishing characteristics and advantages, such as invariance and smoothness. However, we find it is still challenging to obtain satisfactory critical points, especially in the flat area such as the tails and legs of shapes. In this paper, we propose a novel way to make ECDS exhibit low values at given critical points. That is to say, critical points from other part-related measures can be introduced in ECDS, which will highly improve its descriptive ability. To achieve it, we propose to add constraints to linear equations, meanwhile relax these constraints in an anisotropy heat diffusion manner. Furthermore, we put forward a novel approach to find the stable extreme points of the improved ECDS (IECDS), which usually corresponding to critical points. Finally, we conduct experiments on the shapes in the MPEG-7 dataset, demonstrating that our method can obtain more meaningful critical points than existing methods.


Abstract: Saposin C is one of four small lipid‐binding proteins that derive from a single precursor protein, named prosaposin (PSAP). PSAP has several neuronal effects, including neurite outgrowth stimulation, neuron preservation, and nerve regeneration enhancement. A minimal domain required for PSAP's neurotrophic function is located in the amino‐terminal half of saposin C. Genetic defects of the PSAP gene in humans and mice lead to a complex lysosomal storage disease. The skin fibroblasts from PSAP‐ and saposin C‐deficient patients have a massive accumulation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Incorporation of exogenous saposin C‐containing liposomes into the cultured PSAP−/− cells reduced the accumulated MVBs to normal levels. Internalized saposin C was localized to late endosomes and lysosomes. MVBs are crucial for maintaining the cellular homeostasis required for neuronal development and growth. PSAP−/− mice have a short life span (30 days) and central nervous system (CNS) neuronal degeneration. Similar to PSAP−/− fibroblasts, excessive MVBs accumulated in CNS neurons and brain tissues of PSAP‐null mice. Cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons from PSAP−/− mice had poor survival and displayed a neurite degenerative pattern. Delivery of saposin C ex vivo into cultured neurons and in vivo into brain neuronal cells in mice across the blood‐brain barrier was accomplished with intravenously administered dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS) liposomes. These studies may yield a new therapeutic approach for neuron protection, preservation, and regeneration.


Objective To understand the sanitary status of rural drinking water safety engineering in Sichuan province,provide the scientific basis data for the work of rural drinking water improvement.Methods According to Sanitary Surveillance Scheme for Rural Drinking Water Safety Engineering made by the National Campaign Committee,all the gathered water supply projects were investigated and detected water quality in high flow period and lower water period(according to Hygienic Standards of Drinking Water in China).Results In the 1 958 projects,the main water style of ground water was from reservoir,brook and river;the main water style of underground water was from deep wall.Finished detection samples occupied 86.49% in the rural drinking water safety project,2 290 water samples were measured up national standards,qualified rate was 33.81%,in which 34.48% was for finished water and 33.12% was for tap water.There was significant difference for finished water between high flow period and lower water period(χ2=9.06,P0.01),the water quality in lower water period was better than in high flow period.There is no difference for tap water in high flow and lower water period(χ2=2.57,P0.05).The qualified rate of microorganism index was low in 19 measured indexes,the qualified rates of other indexes were more than 90%,the qualified rates of disinfector residue were 23.43% and 34.26% in finished water and tap water.Conclusion The disposal technology of rural water drinking water safety engineering is not enough perfect,especially for not disinfected device.The qualified rate in water quality is relative low especially microbial index.The government should increase the construction quality of rural drinking water device in order to insure the sanitary safety of rural drinking water.


The present study was designed to investigate the role of microRNA-451 (miRNA-451) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and to explore its possible mechanism. The expression of miRNA-451 was downregulated in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. In an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the downregulation of miRNA-451 increased inflammation, demonstrated by increased levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6 and IL-18. However, the upregulation of miRNA-451 expression decreased inflammation in the same in vitro model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. In addition, it was found that the downregulation of miRNA-451 induced the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65. Moreover, the administration of a MyD88 inhibitor, ST 2825, reduced the expression of MyD88 and NF-κB/p65 in the in vitro model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, inhibiting the effects of miRNA-451 upregulation on inflammation. A TLR4 inhibitor, TAK-242, was used to reduce the expression of TLR4 in the in vitro model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. TAK-242 suppressed the effects of miRNA-451 downregulation on inflammation. The present study suggested that miRNA-451 regulated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-induced inflammation, which is mediated through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.


This chapter analyzes the relation of the arts, and particularly music education, to social change. The first section discusses what social change is, presenting important research and ideas. It situates the notion of social change within the framework of utopia and connects it with human flourishing as its ultimate goal. The second section is concerned with the social impact of the arts, discussing important notions such as their relation to cultivation and to moral intentions, and their political purpose. The third section is explicitly focused on music education's relation to social change, presenting general considerations and examples such as El Sistema or developments in international music education policy.


Photoredox catalysis using proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) has emerged as a powerful method for bond transformations. We previously employed traditional chemical oxidants to achieve multiple-site concerted proton-electron transfer (MS-CPET) activation of a C-H bond in a proof-of-concept fluorenyl-benzoate substrate. As described here, photoredox oxidation of the fluorenyl-benzoate follows the same rate constant vs driving force trend determined for thermal MS-CPET. Analogous photoredox catalysis enables C-H activation and H/D exchange in a variety of additional substrates with favorably positioned bases. Mechanistic studies support our hypothesis that MS-CPET is a viable mechanism for bond activation for substrates in which the C-H bond is weak, while stepwise carboxylate oxidation and hydrogen atom transfer likely predominates for stronger C-H bonds.


A microprocessor test vehicle was developed for the investigation of asynchronous design methodology for rapid- single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) circuits. We have designed and implemented a fully asynchronous RSFQ microprocessor, named SCRAM2. The data-driven self-timing (DDST) architecture is used for the design of circuit blocks of the SCRAM2. In order to ensure the logical ordering between the circuit blocks, bit-serial handshaking was adopted. The performance of the handshaking system was enhanced based on the scalable-delay-insensitive (SDI) model. The SCRAM2 is an 8-bit bit-serial microprocessor with three-stage pipelining, with a basic microarchitecture similar to that of our previously designed synchronous microprocessor, CORE1alpha. The estimated average performance of the SCRAM2 is 577 MIPS using a logic simulation. We have implemented all circuit components using the SRL 2.5 kA/cm2 Nb process and confirmed their correct operation. Several operations of the SCRAM2 have been successfully confirmed.


Various factors affect the sedimentation behavior of nanotitanium dioxide (n-TiO2) in water. Accordingly, this study aimed to select the dominating factor. An index of sedimentation efficiency related to n-TiO2 concentration was applied to precisely describe the n-TiO 2 sedimentation behavior. Ionic strength (IS), natural organic matter (NOM) content, and pH were evaluated in sedimentation experiments. An orthogonal experimental design was used to sequence the affecting ability of these factors. Furthermore, simulative sedimentation experiments were performed. The n-TiO2 sedimentation behavior was only affected by pH and NOMcontent at low levels of IS. Moreover, divalent cations can efficiently influence the n-TiO2 sedimentation behavior compared with monovalent cations at fixed IS. Seven different environmental water samples were also used to investigate the n-TiO2 sedimentation behavior in aquatic environments. Results confirmed that IS, in which divalent cations may play an important role, was the dominating factor influencing the n-TiO2 sedimentation behavior in aquatic environments.


Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency introduced in 2008 that enables instant payments to anyone, anywhere in the world. Its increasing popularity has raised many questions on who are the agents in the "bitcoin economy" and what is the nature of the transactions between them. In this paper we use the public bitcoin records to shed some light on these questions. We categorize users by looking at network features and applying heuristics and clustering algorithms. Then we analyze the flow in terms of transaction quantity and volume over time, identifying what are the most common economic patterns and how they are evolving while bitcoin gets more popular.


Language Computer Corporation participated for the rst time in TRECVID 2005 in high-level feature extraction and search tasks. All results are generated in a fully-automatic setting. Search Task 1. F A 1 LCC05base: Baseline retrieval run based on ASR data using language modeling approaches.


Lighting masts are used for illumination of highways, airports or many types of platforms. Due to their slenderness, these structures are mainly sensitive to the action of turbulent wind and have a high potential of aeroelastic instability. The paper investigates the alongwind response of lighting masts by applying the 3D Gust Effect Factor technique to a real 30m high lighting mast located at Iasi airport. Results are then compared to those obtained using several relevant European wind codes. An evaluation of crosswind equivalent forces generated by vortex shedding on the lighting mast was also carried out. Results show the need of evaluation for cross-wind forces associated with superior mode shapes and the lack of interaction between vortex shedding and galloping.


BACKGROUND
Survival of newborns with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula has increased in the last years.

AIM
To assess the prevalence of esophageal atresia and describe associated malformations in Chilean newborns.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
All births occurring between January 1983 and June 1998 were studied. All malformed children were registered and the next non malformed born child was considered as control.

RESULTS
During the study period, 50,965 births occurred and 3,336 malformed children were born. Eighteen (3 stillborn) had esophageal atresia with a rate of 3,53 per 10,000 born alive. Overall survival was 73%. Survival among children classified in Waterson groups A and B was 100% and 50% among those classified in group C. Seventy two percent had associated malformations, being congenital cardiopathies and skeletal malformations the most frequent. VACTERL association was found in 44% of children. All stillborn children had other severe malformations. When compared to controls, malformed children had a lower weight, a lower gestational age, their mothers had a higher age, a higher frequency of relatives with malformations and a higher frequency of maternal diseases during the first trimester of pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS
The rate of esophageal atresia found in this study is similar to that reported in other Chilean obstetrical units as part of the Latin American Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC).


The application of Lewis pumps in a 400 kt/a copper smelter acid plant is described. In five years of operation, the pumps worked well, but some failures happened, such as abrasion of upper support tube and damage of PTFE shaft cover. Typical pump maintenance anomalies and their solutions are discussed.


A 21-year-old woman had a 1 month history of cough, purulent sputum, night sweats, and weight loss. Chest films 2 weeks before admission demonstrated a right lower lobe pneumonia, and antibiotics were prescribed. Admission chest radiography demonstrated a large opacity containing an air-fluid level in the posterior part of the right lower chest (figs. 1 A and 1 B). Decubitus films showed no free pleural fluid. Radiographic diagnosis was a cavitary pneumonia. Longitudinal upright gray scale sonography using a 3.5 MHz medium-focused transducer showed a 6 x 9 cm hypoechoic region adjacent to the chest wall that contained low-level echoes through which the diaphragm and the posterior costophrenic sulcus were imaged (fig. 1C). Empyema with bronchopleural fistula was diagnosed, and a skin site for thoracentesis was marked. Thoracentesis revealed pus, and a chest tube was inserted. A pneumothorax then occurred and there was no evidence of pleural disease in the air-filled pleural space (fig. 1 D). Comment. The hypoechoic collection imaged using ultrasound was due to a lung abscess. An empyema was incorrectly diagnosed because the diaphragm and posterior costophrenic angle were imaged through this collection.


Significance Human microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, express only the neurotensin (NT) receptor-3/sortilin. NT significantly increases microglia synthesis and release of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), and CCL5 via NTR3/sortilin. A soluble form of this receptor is secreted from stimulated microglia and is increased in the serum of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). These responses and the NT-stimulated increases in microglia numbers are mediated via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and are inhibitable by the natural flavonoids luteolin and methoxyluteolin. We had reported elevated serum levels of the peptide neurotensin (NT) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Here, we show that NT stimulates primary human microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, and the immortalized cell line of human microglia-SV40. NT (10 nM) increases the gene expression and release (P < 0.001) of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), and CCL5 from human microglia. NT also stimulates proliferation (P < 0.05) of microglia-SV40. Microglia express only the receptor 3 (NTR3)/sortilin and not the NTR1 or NTR2. The use of siRNA to target sortilin reduces (P < 0.001) the NT-stimulated cytokine and chemokine gene expression and release from human microglia. Stimulation with NT (10 nM) increases the gene expression of sortilin (P < 0.0001) and causes the receptor to be translocated from the cytoplasm to the cell surface, and to be secreted extracellularly. Our findings also show increased levels of sortilin (P < 0.0001) in the serum from children with ASD (n = 36), compared with healthy controls (n = 20). NT stimulation of microglia-SV40 causes activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling kinase, as shown by phosphorylation of its substrates and inhibition of these responses by drugs that prevent mTOR activation. NT-stimulated responses are inhibited by the flavonoid methoxyluteolin (0.1–1 μM). The data provide a link between sortilin and the pathological findings of microglia and inflammation of the brain in ASD. Thus, inhibition of this pathway using methoxyluteolin could provide an effective treatment of ASD.


Consider $N$ servers with replicated databases containing $M$ records. Suppose a user wants to privately retrieve one record by accessing the servers such that the identity of the retrieved record is secret against any up to $T$ servers. A scheme designed for this purpose is called a $T$ -private information retrieval ($T$ -PIR) scheme. Three indexes are concerned for PIR schemes: (1) rate, indicating the amount of retrieved information per unit of downloaded data. The highest achievable rate is characterized by the capacity; (2) sub-packetization, reflecting the implementation complexity for linear schemes; (3) field size. We consider linear schemes over a finite field. In this paper, a general $T$ - PIR scheme simultaneously attaining the optimality of almost all of the three indexes is presented. Specifically, we design a linear capacity-achieving T-PIR scheme with sub-packetization $dn^{M-1}$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_{q}, q\geq N$. The sub-packetization $dn^{M-1}$, where $d=\mathrm{gcd}(N,\ T)$ and $n=N/d$, has been proved to be optimal in our previous work. The field size is reduced by an exponential factor in our scheme comparing with existing capacity -achieving $T$ - PIR schemes.


Since the years 1750, Jews belonging to the Portuguese rite and coming from Bordeaux and Saint-Esprit (Bayonne) settled in Paris. In spite of the restrictive measures set by the Ancient Regime, they become more and more numerous, and as early as 1770, a small oratory was founded in the Odeon quarter. They were a minority since they made up 10 % of the community, and they were a separate group with its own traditions and values inherited from the Sephardic world. That is why they saw to it that their identity be preserved facing their Ashkenazi coreligionists, and this explains the numerous tensions with the Consistory during the 19th century. Aiming at the maintaining of their independancy, they created a civil society in order to build a synagogue belonging to the Sephardic rite. Many benefactors from the Mediterranean surroundings agree with this project, and in 1877, the Buffault temple was opened. Since that time, even if there are no more Portuguese Jews, their traditions are still maintained in this synagogue.


FIELD: engineering of mobile communication devices including matrix sensor. SUBSTANCE: device has first body, second body, matrix indicator and controller, connected to matrix indicator. Controller includes module for determining change of field, configured for determining change of field through matrix sensor, and module for adjusting working characteristic, configured for adjusting device operation parameter on basis of position of second body. Method includes stages for determining position of second body and adjusting sensitivity of matrix sensor on basis of position of second body. EFFECT: provision of comfortable data input for extended applications on mobile communication device. 4 cl, 6 dwg


Hopcalite supported Ag (wt.%: 0.5; 1; 2; 10)‐containing materials were prepared by wet impregnation followed by calcination at 400 °C for adsorption‐thermal catalytic oxidation of toluene. Based on breakthrough experiments, the duration of the adsorption step was set around 38 min to minimize toluene loss at the outlet of the reactor (<3 mol% of the amount of toluene adsorbed) allowing to determine a dynamic useful adsorption capacity for toluene. Thermal oxidation was performed in a He : O2 (75 : 25) gaseous mixture from 20 °C to 250 °C (90 min) to assess the catalytic properties of the bifunctional materials throughout on‐line monitoring of unreacted toluene and CO2 during the temperature programmed reaction. Hop‐0.5 Ag exhibited the best performance with a CO2 yield of 98.9 %. Excellent redox properties and minimization of thermal effects were invoked to enhance total oxidation of toluene. Additionally, these bifunctional materials showed good stability under cycling conditions.


Abstract Performance evaluation of complex processes requires the management of several dimensions focused on specific parts of the processes. In the frame of disaster management, non-governmental organizations have to consider the solving phase of the disaster lifecycle as a whole set of processes leading to a nearly industrial structure. Hitherto, performance assessment, providing them the base for ensuring the global performance of their actions, was done afterwards in order to improve their knowledge and set up best practices. According to interviews done with the French Red Cross, this approach is not sufficient anymore. Thus, this paper investigates a lack about the practices done in the context of disaster management which concerns the elaboration of performance measurement system for providing a decision support tool. After a state of the art, several aspects are covered: firstly, a process analysis is given, then the performance system is described and finally, a specific focus on indicators is done and applied to a case study.


The gas-phase electronic spectra of linear OC4O+ and a planar C6H2O+ isomer were obtained at a rotational temperature of ≈10 K. Absorption measurements in a 6 K neon matrix were followed by gas-phase observations in a cryogenic radiofrequency ion trap. The origin bands of the transition of OC4O+ and the A B1 of HCCC(CO)CCH+ lie at 417.31 ± 0.01 nm and 523.49 ± 0.01 nm, respectively. These constitute the first electronic spectra of oxygenated carbon chain cations studied under conditions that are relevant to the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs), as both have a visible transition. The recent analysis of the 579.5 nm DIB indicates that small carriers, five to seven heavy atoms, continue to be possible candidates (Huang & Oka ). Astronomical implications are discussed regarding this kind of oxygenated molecules.


Abstract We used the questionnaire "Mosaic of Opinions on Induced Abortion" to conduct a multi-centered study to evaluate the perspectives of physicians, nurses, social workers, psychologists and pharmacists on the morality of abortion. In all, 254 participants constituted the sample. The inadequate knowledge on Brazilian abortion laws was the only determinant negatively associated with the construct "Sexual and Reproductive Rights", corroborating the hypothesis that a better understanding of abortion legislation could mitigate the opposition of some professionals to the ethical perspective that access to safe abortion should be seen as a sexual and reproductive right.


Abstract In order to improve airbase operations, vertical profiles attenuation coefficients caused by fog are investigated with a mobile lidar system at Misawa Airbase in northern Japan. The results show that, when the ceiling is about 30 m (the decision height at Misawa Airbase), the attenuation coefficient near this level is generally larger than that near the surface. With higher ceilings, attenuation coefficients near the surface tend to be larger than those at the decision height. Moreover, it is shown that the attenuation coefficient in the upper levels increases slightly earlier than that near the surface when the ceiling is lowering, such a situation is frequency observed at Misawa on severe fog days.


To ensure the cleanliness of sensitive spacecraft systems, the contamination environment in aerospace cleanrooms and highbays is closely monitored. In this paper, we report the testing and evaluation of a commercially available molecular contamination monitor consisting of a 200-MHz surface acoustic wave microbalance (SAWM). SAWMs were placed into four different aerospace facilities with markedly different environments. SAWMs measured distinctly different molecular film accretion rates consistent with the levels of contamination control and activity in each facility. SAWM results were compared with nonvolatile residue (NVR) accretion rates measured by witness plates. Witness plate data yielded a higher NVR accretion rate than microbalance data. We present evidence that this difference is due to the detection limit of the witness plate analysis technique and not to a fundamental difference in surface deposition processes.