Chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) is a global health concern affecting tropical farming communities. CKDu is not associated with typical risk factors (e.g., diabetes) and strongly correlates with environmental drivers. To gain potential insights into disease etiology and diagnosis, here we report the first urinary proteome comparing CKDu patients and non-CKDu controls from Sri Lanka. We found 944 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). In silico analyses identified 636 proteins of likely kidney and urogenital origin. As expected, renal tubular injury in CKDu patients was evinced by the increase in albumin, cystatin C and β2-microglobulin. However, several proteins typically elevated under CKD, including osteopontin and α-N-acetylglucosaminidase, were decreased in CKDu patients. Further, urinary excretion of aquaporins found higher in CKD, was lower in CKDu. Comparisons with previous CKD urinary proteome datasets revealed a unique proteome for CKDu. Notably, CKDu urinary proteome was relatively similar to that of patients with mitochondrial diseases. Further, we report a decrease in endocytic receptor proteins responsible for protein reabsorption, megalin and cubilin, that correlated with an increase in abundance of 15 of their cognate ligands. Functional pathway analyses identified kidney specific DAPs in CKDu patients denoted significant changes in the complement cascade and coagulation systems, cell death, lysosomal function and metabolic pathways. Overall, our findings provide potential early detection markers to diagnose and distinguish CKDu and warrant further analyses on the role of lysosomal, mitochondrial, and protein reabsorption processes and their link to the complement system and lipid metabolism in CKDu onset and progression.


The invention discloses a real-time online monitoring method of cracking instability of a highway subgrade and also provides a device for acquiring displacement inside the subgrade in the method. A typical monitoring section with cracking instability hidden danger of the subgrade is slotted, and the device for acquiring the displacement inside the subgrade is distributed. When soil bodies at two sides of a subgrade fissure and an anchoring base generates changes such as displacement, overturn, and the like, an inductance frequency modulation type displacement sensor at a flexible measuring end in the device automatically records and stores the changes in real time, and an analog signal is converted into a digital signal through an analog to digital converter. The digital signal is transmitted to an acquisition module through a cable, and sent to a central control unit by a wireless transmission module through a GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) public network, and therefore, wireless remote transmission and monitor of the cracking instability of the subgrade are realized.


proaches to the quantitative analysis by IMA; one is based on a dense plasma, induced by ionic bombardment, in local thermal equilibrium by using the Saha-Eggert equation, and the other is based on the use of a calibration curve between the secondary ion intensity of the element and the concentration obtained by a well-established method. Determination of local contents of hydrogen and deuterium in Ti and its alloys, Zr and Ta has been attempted by using the Hitachi IMA applying the calibration curve method. The 7-keV argon primary ion beam with a diameter


The rapid advancement of science and technology has facilitated the automation of production processes, encouraging the industry to demand professionals with solid technical knowledge in this area. This paper presents a system of technological means for teaching and skills development in the area of pneumatic and automation. The media system consists of three phases categorized into themes, each of which uses design and simulation software, training and support teams in virtual learning environments, which guide the student from basic knowledge of the principle of pneumatics to the development of automated processes. This system of technological teaching aids based on the action, experience, work groups and practical applications which means learning by doing. As a result, it has improved the interest and motivation of students to the pneumatics and the formation of skills that will facilitate their integration into the labor market in this important area of industry.


We construct two parametrizations of the non compact exceptional Lie group G = E7(‐25), based on a fibration which has the maximal compact subgroup K = (E6 × U(1))/ ℤ3 as a fiber. It is well known that G plays an important role in the 𝒩 = 2 d = 4 magic exceptional supergravity, where it describes the U‐duality of the theory and where the symmetric space ℳ = G/K gives the vector multiplets' scalar manifold. First, by making use of the exponential map, we compute a realization of G/K, that is based on the E6 invariant d‐tensor, and hence exhibits the maximal possible manifest [(E6 × U(1))/ℤ3]‐covariance. This provides a basis for the corresponding supergravity theory, which is the analogue of the Calabi‐Vesentini coordinates. Then we study the Iwasawa decomposition. Its main feature is that it is SO(8)‐covariant and therefore it highlights the role of triality. Along the way we analyze the relevant chain of maximal embeddings which leads to SO(8). It is worth noticing that being based on the properties of a "mixed" Freudenthal‐Tits magic square, the whole procedure can be generalized to a broader class of groups of type E7


This paper presents the design and simulation of a wall following control of a wheeled mobile robot using interval type-2 Fuzzy controllers (IT2FC). The speed and the orientation of the robot are controlled by using two separate IT2FCs so as to improve the accuracy of the wall-following robot. The robot described here is a two wheeled differential drive robot. The elapsed time and wall tracking accuracy is optimized by a two stage training approach that learns orientation as well as speed using two IT2FCs. The exhaustive collection of supervised input-output training pairs is eliminated by using this proposed approach. Here the obstacle avoidance and target tracking is done along with optimization of time. A comparison of fuzzy type-1 (T1FC) and interval type-2 controller is performed to find the efficiency of the robot wall following action with and without the presence of obstacle.


A total of 294 cases of leprosy was discovered in Gifu prefecture Japan in the 20 year period between 1936 and 1955. The yearly proportion was 0.4*2.5 to 100,000 population. The first half of this 20 year period was a time of confusion brought on by the war and because of the economic stress of the people in general and laxity of medical examinations, the rate of discovery or new patients was low. Though there was no great increase as had been feared, there was a cessation of the downward trend which had been observed previously. After the war, interest in public health heightened and group leprosy examinations have been conducted at frequent intervals and the rate of discovery has risen. A sharp drop however, has been observed since 1952. A breakdown according to type shows that there were 61 % lepromatous type, 16 % were macular type and 23 % were neural type and the recent trend shows a decrease in the lepromatous type and an increase in the macular type. The age at which the patient was first seen was 32.4 in the period of 1936-1940 and 40.5 in 1951-1955. The age of onset was 26.5 in 1936-1940 and 38.3 in 1951-1955 and there has been a gradual rise in the age group. At the same time, there has been a rise in the macular type in the elderly patient. Differentiation according to sex showed that for each 100 males there was 165 females. Seventy-eight percent of the patients agreed to confinement in the leprosarium and the average length of wait between discovery and hospitalization was somewhat less than one year, so the time from onset to hospitalization was about 3 years.


The integration of optomechanically coupled photonic crystal cavities to indium arsenide quantum dots is studied experimentally and theoretically. Electrostatic tuning results for one- and two-dimensional photonic crystals are presented.


Multiplicative models of firm dynamics 'a la Gibrat' have become a standard reference in industrial organization. However, some unpleasant properties of their implied dynamics – namely, their explosive or implosive behaviour (firm size and number collapsing to zero or increasing indefinitely) - have been given only very little attention. In this paper I investigate which modifications to the standard multiplicative model of firm dynamics lead to stable (and reasonable) distributions of firm size. An agent-based simulation study is performed, and a methodology is proposed to recover the (aggregate) laws governing the system by estimating the reduced form, i.e. the local data generating process, on the artificial data resulting from a number of artificial experiments. I show that in order to obtain stable systems for a wide range of average growth rate, either heteroskedasticity in the growth rates has to be assumed, or entry and exit mechanisms included. While other particular, ad hoc, entry and exit mechanisms could be imagined, I show that combining the broad class of threshold entry mechanisms and the more restricted class of threshold exit mechanisms with overcapacity penalizing all firms (where entry and exit are determined with reference to an exogenously defined total capacity of the market), lead to stable distributions even in the case of growth rate homoskedasticity, given a non-zero minimum threshold for firm size.


A new ruthenium catalytic system was developed for the construction of a C(sp(2))-Se bond with the assistance of directing groups. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, wider substrate scope, and convenient late-stage selenylation of bioactive molecules.


This paper analyses how the funding for research gr ants was allocated from a specific research fund which aimed to support innovative research pro jects with the potential to have research impact by reducing carbon emissions. The fund rece iv d a total of 106 proposals, of which 27 were successful at obtaining financial support. Ou r aims were to test which factors influenced the funding decision and to discover whether or not and to what extent the fund met its intended objectives through the allocation of monies. The a lloc tion process and its outcomes were analysed using correlation, logistical and linear r egression to test our research hypotheses. Using this research funding process as a single study, we found that trying to clear the impact-innovation double hurdle in a single funding initiative ultima tely compromises both goals. This paper therefore contributes to our understanding of innov ati n management within the context of carbon emission reduction and explains which factors influ enced success in securing research monies through the funding process.


Serum levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines tend to be increased in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients, or subgroups thereof. Still, the link between cytokine levels and IBS symptoms is unclear. We aim to determine systemic cytokine levels in IBS patients and healthy subjects (HS), confirm the presence of a subset of patients with an increased immune activity and to establish if cytokines are linked to IBS symptoms and pathophysiological factors.


300 Background: Detection of advanced prostate cancer has historically relied on radionuclide bone scanning and cross-sectional imaging with varying degrees of sensitivity and specificity based on the clinical scenario. In the current era, use of NaF and Choline based whole body scans have led to increased detection, but access to these scan can be limited and expense can be prohibitive. Similar to choline based scanning, acetate is metabolically active in cancer, including prostate. Methods: Fifty-six men previously diagnosed with prostate cancer with PSA recurrences after some failed primary treatment, have undergone whole body C-11 Acetate PET scans at Indiana University since June of 2013. Patient demographics, prior treatments, PSA values, prior imaging, post-scan therapies, and therapeutic outcomes have been recorded prospectively and updated as follow-up information becomes available. Results: Analysis of these initial 56 men demonstrated 31/56 men had a C-11 Acetate PET scan that lead to further d...


Institutional investors have become a significant force in the securities markets over the last decade. Between 1980 and 1991, the financial assets managed by mutual funds, insurance companies, security brokers and dealers, and pension funds rose from $1,630.2 billion to $6,627.2 billion.1 During the same decade, high yield or "junk" bonds became a popular form of securities offering.2 While some "junk" bonds were purchased directly by individuals, most were purchased by institutional money managers, savings and loans, and insurance companies.3 After the recession began in the late 1980s, the volume of corporate reorganization proceedings increased sharply.4 Many of these reorganization proceedings involved debtors with several classes of publicly traded debt and equity securities outstanding. Institutional investors held a large portion of these securities in a broad assortment of pooled, managed investment portfolios.


From the surface mass accumulation data in year of 1987 / 88, the distribution and variation of annual mass balance on Mizuho Plateau are discussed. The authors also analyze the effects of short-term climatic and topographical variations on the mass balance. It is found that there are some differe nces in spatial distribution and annual average state in the year of 1987 / 88 and other years. In the area at elevation lower than 550 m near the coast, the mass balance appears to be negative. The annual mass balance over 80 km distance from S16 to inland is 0.84 m snow depth. A low mass balance zone from 80 km site to Mizuho Station, is considered to be only 0.14 m snow depth. It is found from the comparison of mass balances that the mass-balance level on the glaciers in West China is 9 times higher than that on Mizuho Plateau, where the massbalance level appears to be low accumulative and low expensive, but inverse in middle and low latitude regions, such as on glaciers in West China. The effects of short-term climatic and topographical variations or the mass balance are more significant in this year than mean state in many years. In the high accumulation zone the effect of the short-term climatic variation is larger than that of topographical one, while in the low value zone the topographical effect is larger than the climatic variation.


During the Fifties, initial Rounds of National Sample Survey of India consisted of topics of economic importance such as household consumer expenditure , employment and unemployment as well as topics of social policy implications, some of which are 'sensitive' relating to fertility, mortality and morbidity. Perhaps it was the training of investigators, field supervision and techniques adopted to control non-sampling errors initiated by Mahalanobis that allowed the respondents to wilfully participate in those surveys, though at times sensitive, thus contributing to a 'smooth flow of information'. It is said that the NSS population surveys during the fifties led to certain family planning measures in the country.


In an essay titled "DiCaprio, DiCaprio, Wherefore Art Thou, DiCaprio?" Phillipa Hawker has drawn attention, in Baz Luhrmann's 1996 postmodern film adaptation of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, to the possibility of a homoerotic relationship between Romeo (Leonardo DiCaprio) and Mercutio (Harold Perrineau) (13–14). So upbeat is Mercutio's mercurial cross-dressing and camp behavior at the Capulet party that it appears as a sign of his transgender identity. However, Lucy Hamilton's observation that Mikhail Bakhtin's notion of "carnivalesque" could be usefully applied to Luhrmann's re-creation of the Capulet party (120) might lead us to an interpretation contrary to the homoerotic relationship mooted by Hawker. Fancy dress, rather than exposing personality and sexual proclivities, might offer atypical disguises in the spirit of carnival where societal values are provisionally suspended and hierarchies reversed. "The carnivalistic life," Bakhtin writes, "is life drawn out of its usual rut, it is to a degree 'life turned inside out,' 'life the wrong way round' ('monde à l'envers')" (101; Bakhtin's emphases). The way the mise-en-scène is envisioned in the screenplay—"Contorted images of costumed guests eat, drink and laugh in a grotesque collision of Yves Saint Laurent cocktail party and Bacchanalian romp" (Pearce and Luhrmann 27)—and the manner these directions have been followed in the filming seem to typify carnivalesque excess; but one would need to extrapolate on the features of the party sequence to establish a Bakhtinian position. We would need to take a closer look at the partygoers' masks and disguises, designated by Bakhtin as one of the "secondary rituals of carnival"


The impact of aluminum ion implantation (Al I/I) on the 1/f noise and random telegraph noise (RTN) characteristics of high-k/metal gate (HK/MG) pMOSFETs is investigated. The Al I/I technology was implemented to tune the effective work function (EWF) of pMOSFETs without increasing the equivalent oxide thickness and complicating the process. The RTN and 1/f noise results showed that irrespective of the implanted dose, the HK/MG devices with Al I/I still exhibit lower slow oxide trap densities for the control device, because the Al filled the defect and formed a thin Al2O3 layer. In addition, for the HK/MG devices with different implanted doses, no significant differences in the trap properties are noted. However, the modulated EWF can be attributed to the Al I/I-induced dipoles at the HfO2/SiO2 interface.


: Lack of vaccination against diseases is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children below the age of 5 years. Factors contributing to incomplete or totally lack of vaccination includes knowledge and attitude of caregivers and health workers, lack of hospital facilities and cold chain storage of the vaccines. Importation has been cited as a factor facilitating the resurgence of polio. The main objective of this study was to investigate factors influencing polio vaccination among children under 5 years in Banadir, Somalia. Interviews were conducted using a semi structured questionnaire. The population was divided into clusters i.e. Hodon and Heliwa districts. 257 and 128 caregivers were randomly interviewed in Hodon and Heliwa districts respectively. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS version 20.0). Binomial regressions were done to show the interactions between the independent variables on dependent variables. The regression analysis was done at 95% confidence level. From the results a projected 48% of the children had received 4 Polio doses; however this is very low compared to the national target of 70%. Care givers education level (p= 0.042), healthcare information seeking behaviors (p=0.035), knowledge and attitude among the caregivers and household support towards OPV (p=0.029) significantly influenced polio vaccine uptake. The caregivers and the family members should be educated more on the importance of Polio vaccination to the health of the child. The government and NGOs operating in the health sector should put more coordinated support and strengthen the outreach health services so as to ensure that the national and the 3rd Sustainable Development Goal targets are met.


We proposed an extended geometry and probability model (EGAPM) to analyze the performance of various kinds of (Global Navigation Satellite System) GNSS+ constellation design scenarios in terms of satellite visibility and dilution of precision (DOP) et al. on global and regional scales. Different from conventional methods, requiring real or simulated satellite ephemerides, this new model only uses some basic parameters of one satellite constellation. Verified by the reference values derived from precise satellite ephemerides, the accuracy of visible satellite visibility estimation using EGAPM gets an accuracy better than 0.11 on average. Applying the EGAPM to evaluate the geometry distribution quality of the hybrid GNSS+ constellation, where highly eccentric orbits (HEO), quasi-zenith orbit (QZO), inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO), geostationary earth orbit (GEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and also low earth orbit (LEO) satellites included, we analyze the overall performance quantities of different constellation configurations. Results show that QZO satellites perform slightly better in the Northern Hemisphere than IGSO satellites. HEO satellites can significantly improve constellation geometry distribution quality in the high latitude regions. With 5 HEO satellites included in the third-generation BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS-3), the average VDOP (vertical DOP) of the 30° N–90° N region can be decreased by 16.65%, meanwhile satellite visibility can be increased by 38.76%. What is more, the inclusion of the polar LEO constellation can significantly improve GNSS service performance. When including with 288 LEO satellites, the overall DOPs (GDOP (geometric DOP), HDOP (horizontal DOP), PDOP (position DOP), TDOP (time DOP), and VDOP) are decreased by about 40%, and the satellite visibility can be increased by 183.99% relative to the Global Positioning System (GPS) constellation.


Mitigating natural hazards - a national challenge evolving mitigation policy directions Florida after Hurricane Andrew Missouri after the mid-West floods of 1993 California after the Loma Prieta and Northridge earthquakes Massachusetts after Hurricane Bob and other storms Tennessee after a series of floods and storms state hazard mitigation plans - falling short of their potential the hazard mitigation grant programme - scattered spending state implementation of natural disaster mitigation policy ethical guidelines for hazard mitigation natural hazard mitigation - planning for sustainable communities.


Greenhouse studies revealed that glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at 3.4 kg/ha or picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) at 0.3 kg/ha more effectively reduced further growth of honeyvine milkweed [Ampelamus albidus (Nutt.) Britt.] when treated at a height of 30 cm than did 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] at 1.1 kg/ha or dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) at 0.6 kg/ha. Glyphosate or picloram applications were also more effective than 2,4-D or dicamba applications in reducing amount of regrowth that occurred after treated plants were cut at the soil surface. Glyphosate plus 2,4-D, glyphosate plus dicamba, glyphosate plus picloram or 2,4-D plus picloram combinations also effectively reduced further growth of treated plants and subsequent regrowth after plants were initially harvested. Greenhouse studies revealed that glyphosate plus ethephon [(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid] at 1.7 plus 0.6 kg/ha or glyphosate plus ammonium sulfate at 1.1 plus 6.7 kg/ha were no more effective than glyphosate alone at 1.7 kg/ha. Dowco 290 (3,6-dichloropicolinic acid) at up to 2.2 kg/ha did not effectively inhibit growth of honeyvine milkweed.


A method of estimating lightning impulse critical flashover (CFO) insulation strength of two components, combinations of four different dielectrics commonly used on distribution construction, is presented. Multiple Regression technique (MRT) has been applied to the whole CFO data population of the two dielectric combinations for the four materials namely; porcelain, wood, Reinforced Fiberglass Plastics (BRP), and polymers, to obtain a general model for CFO population of the two components in series. Also models for each specific two dielectrics combination were developed. A diagnostic correlation test is performed for the general and to each combination models, this is to decide which model fits well for the estimation of the insulation strength, and which of the two materials added to the strength of the combination. Recommendations are made regarding the more accurate prediction model, and the main factors that might have effected predicted results are pointed out. A procedure to predict values outside the experimental results range is described for other sizes and lengths of the tested components. This procedure is a good tool to be used for finding the most optimum insulation added in distribution systems.


From the aspect of the Republic of Croatia, short-sea shipping has multiple significance. Primarily, the short-sea shipping between the Croatian and Italian coast, diverting of a part of cargo that is transported from the European Union into the countries of south-eastern Balkan via Croatia, reduction in harmful emissions in traffic and increase of traffic in the domestic ports. From the aspect of Europe short-sea shipping refers to the movement of goods and passengers by sea between the ports located in Europe or between these ports and the ports outside Europe that have a joint sea border with Europe. The aim of introducing short-sea shipping are: relief of the burden on the European road routes and shift of transport of cargo and passengers to the maritime transport, improvement of traffic connections and competitiveness of Croatia with the European Union, as well as the connection of the Danube and the Adriatic.
KEY WORDS: short-sea shipping, Republic of Croatia, maritime routes, traffic corridors


Virulence traits are often controlled by transcription regulators, i.e. sequence‐specific DNA‐binding proteins. The regulators that sustain microbial proliferation in the host typically work by promoting the expression of the genes that mediate such traits. Here, we report a singular example in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans in which a transcription regulator functions by repressing the expression of virulence genes, yet its overall role is to promote virulence. We explain this apparent paradox by establishing that a major function of this protein, Zcf21p, is to set a default state of low expression of multiple cell wall components which include virulence determinants. These components comprise GPI‐anchored proteins, adhesins and enzymes that synthesize cell wall sugar decorations. Deletion or overexpression of ZCF21 results in cell wall structure modifications that influence recognition and elimination of the fungus by macrophages. By leveling off the expression of adhesins, ZCF21 also prevents C. albicans self‐aggregation. Balancing the expression of cell wall components – virulence determinants included – is, therefore, critical for C. albicans to assemble a cell surface configuration that is suitable to colonize mammalian tissues and evade immune surveillance.


The complex simulated lightning current of component B,C and D is used to perform experimental research on the lightning damage of composite material plates of carbon/epoxy laminated structure and carbon/epoxy NOMEX honeycomb sandwich structure,which are commonly used by plane. The lightning protection ability of the composite material plate adhered with surface copper wire netting is compared with that coated with PUB antistatic paint.The ultrasonic C scanning is used to analyze the lightning damage of the composite material plates.The results show that the lightning damage area of composite material plates of carbon/epoxy NOMEX honeycomb sandwich structure is smaller than that of the carbon/epoxy laminated composite plates,and the damage area of the plate adhered with surface copper wire netting is smaller than that of the one coated with PUB antistatic coating.Especially for the composite material plate of carbon/epoxy NOMEX honeycomb sandwich structure,the effect of protection with surface copper wire netting is remarkable.


Reservoir monitoring improves our understanding of reservoir behavior and helps achieve more effective reservoir management and prediction of future performance with obvious economic benefits. Volumetric changes in reservoirs due to fluid extraction and injection can induce either subsidence or uplift which can trigger fault reactivation and threaten well integrity (as well as reservoir structural integrity). Depending on the depth of the reservoir and the characteristic of the cap rock, deformation may also be detectable at the surface. Surface deformation monitoring can provide valuable constraints on the dynamic behavior of a reservoir enabling the evaluation of volumetric changes in the reservoir through time, allowing the calibration of geo-mechanical models. Whatever the surveying technique, the detection of millimeter level surface deformation is required to monitor small surface displacement rates, which could impact risk evaluation and environmental impact assessment in oil&gas operations, as well as in geothermal plants.


An efficient acquisition scheme was proposed in which a periodic zigzag pulse could be used to estimate delay phase between the received signal and the transmission one in the ultra-wideband(UWB) communications.According to the correlation result,the alignment position was decided to form a detection range.By the bit reversal search method,the receiver would success acquisition task rapidly.The simulation evaluation shows a good acquisition performance on the receiver presented here under this scheme.


In the last years there is a merging trend towards unified communication systems over IP protocols from desktop to handheld devices. Nowadays users have the possibility to choose from a wide range of methods of communications (mobile, text, video). This variety leads to a series of problems like the management, synchronization, updating and sharing of contacts or choosing the most efficient mean of communication from a cost and quality perspective. Therefore in this article we discuss how user context can be used to identify the best communication channel to one of his contacts.


Bench-scale continuous vertical flow column and microcosm studies were conducted to investigate the attenuation potential of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) in constructed wetland soil mixtures prepared from peat, compost and sand and in a pristine natural freshwater wetland soil. The study also determined geotechnical properties of potential synthetic peat mixtures for construction of treatment wetlands for CVOCs. Trichloroethene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) and 1,2dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) were the main test chemicals used during the studies. Based on geotechnical and sorption characteristics, two mixtures (one comprised of sand and peat and the other comprised of sand, peat and compost product) were selected out of ten potential soil mixtures for column and sorption studies as the most promising materials for construction of the wetland. Faster removal kinetics and higher sorption potential were observed in peat/compost/sand mixture than in peat/sand mixture for all pollutants tested. Degradation kinetics of cis-1,2-DCE and 1,2-DCA were observed to be fastest under methanogenesis followed by sulfate-and sulfite-reducing conditions. Detection of the 16S rDNA gene of Dehalococcoides sp. via DNA extraction, PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing was directly correlated with complete dechlorination of TCE and cis-1,2-DCE to ethene. Two steady-state solute transport models were used to model TCE attenuation in natural and constructed wetland mesocosms, one equation had a dispersion term whereas another equation ignored the dispersion effects. Both models were able to capture the spatial concentration trends of TCE in the soil columns equally well. However, the model without the dispersion term underestimated the TCE removal rate


Light utilization of plants, growth, yield and quality were compared between tiller-keeping and tiller-removing cultivation for early shipment of sweet corn. The transmission rate of solar radiation to the ground in tiller-keeping cultivation was 10% less than that in tiller-removing cultivation, suggesting the light utilization was higher in tiller-keeping method. The leaf areas of plant in tiller-keeping and in tiller-removing cultivation were 7053 and 2953 cm2, respectively. The root weight generated from culm base of a plant in tiller-keeping and in tiller-removing cultivation were 33.4g and 24.6g, respectively. These results suggest that tiller-keeping cultivation results in higher growth caused by its effective light-intercepting characteristics than tiller-removing cultivation. Sterility ear reduces the weight and quality of sweett corn. Productivity and quality of ears were compared among three cropping type using plastic greenhouse, plastic tunnel and plastic mulch. In each cropping type, fresh weights of a plant and ear were higher in tiller-keeping than tiller-removing cultivation, and the lengths of sterile part from the ear tip in tiller-keeping were shorter than in tiller-removing cultivation. Ear weight per plant was correlated negatively with planting rate, however, degree of decrease was smaller in tiller-keeping than in tiller-removing. These results confirmed that tiller-keeping cultivation results in effective light-intercepting characteristics to produce high yield and quality in sweet corn for early shipment.


In this critically reflective piece, I describe the design of a foundations of education course and my first year teaching experience. I discuss thematic statements of issues that emerged as I came to construct the meaning of my experience and evolving ideas about teaching for public service professions. These included that: - Questioning is not 'normal' for everyone; - The experience of classroom safety may be different for student participants than for teacher participants; - Reflection is a situated responsibility; and - Assessment and authority interact within the context of learning in a formal classroom. Discussing these issues helped me in framing teaching for public service as itself a transcendent public act, one that crosses boundaries of time and space and that requires embodied, rather than idealistic, understandings of qualifying to teach.


Ayurveda is not only an ancient medical science but it is a science which gives knowledge about life. The scope of Ayurveda is to maintain the health of the healthy people and to cure those who are affected with diseases. Since last few decades due to drastic change in lifestyle, dietary habits and working pattern the world has come to the global burden of several diseases. Late night sleeping habits, increased fast food consumption and increased use of alcoholic beverages are the major changes observed in current era. Alcoholism and alcoholic liver diseases is one of the major sources of mortality and morbidity in rural as well as urban population. Now a day various researches carried out at different institutions found that variety of Ayurvedic therapies are successful in improving liver function and thereby preventing increased stress over liver. The present review is aimed at compiling data on promising Ayurvedic medicine that have been tested in hepatotoxicity models using modern scientific system. This review article gives an idea about the efficiency of various hepto-protective Ayurvedic treatment modalities under Indian system of medicine. KeywordsYakṟut, Liver, Alcoholism, Cirrhosis, Hepatotoxicity, Herbal drugs. 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Govt. Ayurveda College, Osmanabad. 2 PG Scholar, M.D. (Scholar) Rasashastra Bhaishajya Kalpana, Sion Ayurved College Mumbai. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Dr. Dnyaneshwar D. Bhise Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Govt. Ayurveda College, Osmanabad, (India). Email: firstname.lastname@example.com http://aamj.in/wpcontent/uploads/Volume3/Is sue3/AAMJ_1334_1338.pdf Dnyaneshwar & Kranti: A Brief Review On Current Scenario of Hepato-Protective Ayurvedic Drugs AAMJ / Vol. 3 / Issue 3 / May – June 2017 1335 INTRODUCTION s soon as the word 21 century is pronounced, a stat picture of continuously moving world stands before our eyes. Due to drastic change in lifestyle, dietary habits and working pattern the world has come to the global burden of several diseases. Late night sleeping habits, increased fast food consumption and increased use of alcoholic beverages are the major changes observed in current era. Among that alcoholism and alcoholic liver diseases and subsequent hepatotoxicity is a major source mortality and morbidity. Hepatotoxicity means chemical driven liver damage. Certain medicinal agents, when taken in overdoses and sometimes even when taken in prescribed doses, may injure the organ. Other chemical agents, such as those used in laboratories and industries, natural chemicals (e.g. microcystins) and herbal remedies can also induce hepatotoxicity. [i] Recently W.H.O. has adapted the utility of traditional system of medicine and recognized Ayurveda as one of the most efficacious system of medicine. Ayurveda is the science of keeping perfect physical and mental health. It is a well-organized system of medicine which originated in India about 3000 years ago and is being practiced even today. Herbal-based therapeutics for liver disorders has been in used in India for a long time.


Purpose: The study helps to unpin changes in the work practices at various Plant and Office locations in Chennai, India. The transformation was studied in the context of the pandemic and consequent business trends. Diverse scholarly literature was referred to understand the accelerated trends impacting work practices.

Theoretical framework: As a result of massive fluctuations in supply and demand, there was a need for immediate adaptation, improvement, and increased customer support. Companies tried to ensure their survival by cutting costs; many have laid -off their employees.

Design/methodology/approach: The study is empirical and descriptive in nature, with a sample size of 60 collected from leading auto manufacturers.   Statistical tools such as SPSS and Smart Pls were used to analyze the data. Data was collected from automobile employees in Chennai/ India.

Findings: The findings indicate that the industry has a large demographic dividend; hence, upskilling of workers, automation, digitalization and emerging technology will be a game-changer. The results also indicate the positive impact of job satisfaction on employee retention and productivity. The findings conclusively enhance the understanding of technology, accelerating upskilling job satisfaction and consequently aiding employee retention.

Research, practical & social implications: Technology, automation, and shopfloor dynamics will drive productivity, performance, and smart manufacturing practices. We will experience less number of workers on the shop floor and more machines that drive production, enhance productivity and performance at the shop floor with minimal human interface.

Originality/value: The finding has implications for the people in the industry, which has a vast demographic dividend and need to upskill its worker for the new wave; hence efforts have to be made by the organization, including massive investments in upskilling its employees to be ready to embrace technology, use of AI and robotics at the shop floor for production, enhancing value through intelligent manufacturing practices.


Abstract Coating for corrosion protection was popular during the past decade. Thermal spray coating played an important role during that time. In recent years, arc thermal metal spray coating became widely used. Arc thermal metal spraying method (ATMSM) provides proven long-term protective coating systems using zinc, aluminum, and their alloys for steel work in a marine environment. This paper provides a review of the latest development in ATMSM by evaluating the current techniques in the industry and by analyzing technical data obtained from an extensive experimental program.


Background: Cell surface-expressed glycans play a role in leukocyte trafficking and recruitment. Results: Deficiency of MGAT5 causes attenuation of allergen-induced eosinophilia and Th2 cytokines but increases neutrophilic inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. Conclusion: Recruitment of eosinophils and neutrophils is differentially regulated by MGAT5-modified N-glycans during airway inflammation. Significance: This study demonstrates a significant role for N-glycans in the development of allergic airway inflammation and asthma. Allergic airway inflammation, including asthma, is usually characterized by the predominant recruitment of eosinophils. However, neutrophilia is also prominent during severe exacerbations. Cell surface-expressed glycans play a role in leukocyte trafficking and recruitment during inflammation. Here, the involvement of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:α-6-d-mannoside β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (MGAT5)-modified N-glycans in eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment during allergic airway inflammation was investigated. Allergen-challenged Mgat5-deficient (Mgat5−/−) mice exhibited significantly attenuated airway eosinophilia and inflammation (decreased Th2 cytokines, mucus production) compared with WT counterparts, attributable to decreased rolling, adhesion, and survival of Mgat5−/− eosinophils. Interestingly, allergen-challenged Mgat5−/− mice developed airway neutrophilia and increased airway reactivity with persistent elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17A, TNFα, IFNγ)). This increased neutrophil recruitment was also observed in LPS- and thioglycollate (TG)-induced inflammation in Mgat5−/− mice. Furthermore, there was significantly increased recruitment of infused Mgat5−/− neutrophils compared with WT neutrophils in the peritoneal cavity of TG-exposed WT mice. Mgat5−/− neutrophils demonstrated enhanced adhesion to P-selectin as well as increased migration toward keratinocyte-derived chemokine compared with WT neutrophils in vitro along with increased calcium mobilization upon activation and expression of elevated levels of CXCR2, which may contribute to the increased neutrophil recruitment. These data indicate an important role for MGAT5-modified N-glycans in differential regulation of eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment during allergic airway inflammation.


Program developers in India's mass media are turning to the discipline of child development to increase their sensitivity to the special needs and capacities of child audiences. Children are particularly susceptible to having their thoughts, feelings, values, and behavior influenced by media programming. In India, radio is the medium with the greatest opportunity to communicate with children and programming for young people includes educational material, variety programs, quiz shows, drama, and live programs in which children participate. The 1st Children's Film Festival was held in India in 1952 and India participates in the International Center of Films for Children and Young People. Television enjoys popularity among children, illiterates, and the poor, but its potential to create social awareness, change behaviors, and raise the standard of living of the Indian people has not been fully realized. Drama is less able to reach large numbers of children, but offers children the opportunity to participate directly in the portrayal of different characters and emotions. Recently, the tradition of puppetry has been rivived and integrated into India's school curriculum. Finally, India is taking steps to expand the number of books available to children and the Government has established 2 trusts to support the publication of children's literature. Regardless of the form of media, it is important for parents to play a role in ensuring the appropriateness of the programming for the child and processing its content.


The paper presents a comparative analysis of nature inspired Artificial Bee Colony and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms for the enhancement of images. The paper briefly reviews the swarm-based algorithms. It describes the dynamics of ABC and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and mapping for image enhancement. The key purpose of Image processing is to extract essential features from images. During an image processing operation, the input given is an image, and its output is an enhanced high-quality image based on some characteristics/features related to that Image. The mapping of the ABC and PSO algorithms for image enhancement was implemented using the Matlab image processing toolbox. For both algorithms ABC and PSO, the parameters of Contrast Enhancement alpha was set in the range of 0-255 and beta was set in the range of 1-109. Finally, the Comparative Analysis of ABC and PSO Algorithms was done using the metrics of Entropy, MSE and PSNR values for the Images. It is found that ABC yields a better performance as compared to PSO.


The HEAVEN-I KrF excimer laser facility is housed at the China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China. There are six laser beams at this facility, whose combined energy is up to 100 J with a pulsewidth of 28 ns at a wavelength of 248 nm. The uniformity distribution of laser intensity is less than 2%. The diameter of the focal spots was about $500~\mu \text{m}$ , producing a laser intensity of about 1012 W/cm2. HEAVEN-I's capability to provide extremely uniform focal profiles and its deep ultraviolet (UV) wavelength facilitate the conducting of experiments with laser-produced shocks with negligible effects from laser imperfections and laser–plasma instability. Thus, the laser facility was used in the research of high-energy-density physics and other related field physical experiments, such as the shock dynamics and the equation of state at high pressure, simulation of space debris, and direct laser-driven quasi-isentropic compression. Sidelight shadow photography and imaging velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) were developed for the purpose of active diagnostics for physical experiments.


Objective To evaluate the quality of Belamcanda Chinensis in Fujian.Methods The content of irisflorentin in Belamcanda Chinensis was determined by HPLC.Results The average content of irisflorentin was 0.8283% in Fujian,the content of sample from Wuping was the highest(1.6622%),and the content of sample from Shouning was the lowest(0.4434%).Conclusion The quality of Belamcanda Chinensis in Fujian is good.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Characterizing aluminum nanobridge Josephson junctions for molecular magnetometry1 R. VIJAY, E.M. LEVENSON-FALK, I. SIDDIQI, QUANTUM NANOELECTRONICS LABORATORY, UC BERKELEY TEAM — NanoSQUIDs, which consist of a superconducting loop interrupted by two submicron weak link Josephson junctions,are commonly used for measuring nanomagnets. The weak links enhance flux coupling, and also reduce the junction area, thereby permitting the application of large in-plane magnetic fields to tune the energy level structure of the nanomagnet. However, these type of SQUIDs have lower flux sensitivity than conventional tunnel junction based devices, mainly on account of reduced nonlinearity in their current-phase relation. We explore different weak link junction geometries to optimize flux sensitivity. In particular, we have fabricated 30 nm wide and 50-400 nm long aluminum nanobridges contacted with 2D and 3D banks. We present I-V characteristics and critical current modulation data for both designs. The 3D nanoSQUIDs show enhanced flux modulation of the critical current. With 3D banks the phase drop across the junction is mainly confined to the nanobridge, thus enhancing nonlinearity. When combined with dispersive microwave techniques, these nanoSQUIDs can be used for high speed, low backaction measurements. 1This work was supported by AFOSR and DARPA. R. Vijay UC Berkeley Date submitted: 05 Jan 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors have recently gained momentum. In this study, a fuel cell stack, namely, a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), one of the promising renewable energy technologies, is chosen for a brushless DC motor. To improve the performance of PEMFC, an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm was applied to the DC/DC boost converter. To this end, the perturbation and observation (P&O) algorithm were developed. This work proposes an adaptive controller proportional-integral (PI)-fuzzy logic speed for the BLDC. To evaluate its performance, the proposed controller was simulated under several conditions: load disturbance and reference speed variation. This controller is analyzed and compared with the classical PI controller. Therefore, the control performance parameters, such as rise time, settling time, steady-state error, and overshoot, were determined and compared. This system is analyzed and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software.


The transfer of patients between acute care hospitals (interhospital transfer [IHT]) occurs regularly among patients with a variety of diagnoses, in theory, to gain access to unique specialty services and/or a higher level of care, among other reasons.1,2 However, the practice of IHT is variable and nonstandardized,3,4 and existing data largely suggests that transferred patients experience worse outcomes, including longer length of stay, higher hospitalization costs, longer ICU time, and greater mortality, even with rigorous adjustment for confounding by indication.5,6 Though there are many possible reasons for these findings, existing literature suggests that there may be aspects of the transfer process itself which contribute to these outcomes.2,6,7 Understanding which aspects of the transfer process contribute to poor patient outcomes is a key first step toward the development of targeted quality improvement initiatives to improve this process of care. In this study, we aim to examine the association between select characteristics of the transfer process, including the timing of transfer and workload of the admitting physician team, and clinical outcomes among patients undergoing IHT.


Hunger and the threat of hunger plague the bodies and minds of many. Thus, the use of nuclear energy to increase agricultural productivity is an idea both provocative and challenging. It is consistent with a theme stressed with rising frequency by influential voices in our society-that scientists should place "an increased emphasis on the applicability of science to the improvement of man's life" (Thimann, 1968). Consistent with this emphasis is the agro-industrial complex proposed by members of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), which is based on the application of nuclear power to the production of food (Hammond, 1965; Weinberg, 1969; Young, 1969; Desalting the Seas-an ORNL film, 1967). I have read about this proposal and feel that it requires broader understanding as well as technological solutions. Perhaps some of my thoughts on this subject will be of interest to the readers of BioScience.


Emerging technologies that exhibit features of biodegradability and eco-friendliness are potential game changers. Paper is a cost-effective and easily available material that has proved itself a promising candidate for manufacturing strain sensors due to its easy integration into flexible electronics. In this work, an ultra-sensitive and highly stable strain sensor is presented. Easily available materials are used for sensors development and very easy and simple fabrication. The modified interdigital capacitor structure is fabricated on a simple printing paper, whereas copper tape is used as an electrode material. In the anticipated work, the milestones of high sensitivity, durability, and fast response time are achieved. The proposed flexible strain sensor is eco-friendly, bio-degradable, inexpensive, and responds well to applied strain. The proposed work exhibits a fast response time of 0.56 s. The high gauge factor value of 3040.26 and stability up to 5000 cycles. The proposed prototype has been also implemented on the human body for monitoring physical activities and fitness exercises. The proposed strain sensor is an outstandingly good option for assimilation into wearable systems like remote healthcare systems, electromechanical sensing, and human physical monitoring.


Distribution of total phosphorus (T-P), orthophosphate (Ort-P) and alkaline phosphatase-hydrolyzable phosphorus (ALP-P) were examined in the water of 15 lakes. The ratio of Ort-P to T-P was low in most lakes studied. A considerable proportion of soluble organic phosphorus (62% on average) was ALP-P. The sum of Ort-P and ALP-P, which was thought to be utilized by plankton in lake water, readily accounted for 71% of total soluble phosphorus.Gel chromatography analyses (Sephacryl S-200) revealed that two fractions of phosphorus compounds (high and low molecular weight) existed in the water of L. Inbanuma and L. Kawaguchiko. A portion of the high molecular weight phosphorus of each sample was hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase, which indicated that it was composed of a phosphomonoester bound to a high molecular substance such as humic acid.


The method of environmental risk assessment on petrochemical project is investigated though practice.The work procedure includes identifying accident, analyzing risk, calculating aftereffect, maximum acceptable level of risk and defending measure.


Poster: "ECR 2017 / C-2064 / Functional MRI in the development of adaptive radiotherapy: imaging evaluation of treatment response in patients with cervical cancer undergone to brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy " by: "A. M. Telesca1, M. Micco2, B. Gui3, M. Giuliani2, E. Rodolfino1, A. L. Valentini1, L. Bonomo2; 1Roma/IT, 2Rome/IT, 3Roma (RM)/IT"


The article analyses the influence of recreational load on the physical and water-physical properties of brown forest soils. It is established that the complete or partial absence of litter on the pathway contributes to the rapid evaporation of moisture from the upper horizon (0−5 cm) of the soil, reducing the porosity total, increasing the density solid phase and buk density. It was found that with the increase of the buk density by 12,5 % the water permeability of the soil decreases 33 times in comparison with the control. A significant increase in the bulk density of the structure by 39−48 % was found on partway with a width of more than 2 m. On these pathway the surface runoff of water is formed. An increase in the density of the solid phase was recorded. The results of which are characteristic of the Hp horizon of brown forest soils. The overlapping of the trail with wooden flooring on the track "Stezhkamy lehendarnoyi Tustani" had a positive effect on the physical and water-physical properties of the soil. It was found that the indicators of soil bulk density and water permeability were close to the results obtained in the control and only the increase in the density of the solid phase indicates a significant recreational impact in the past. On the roadsides of the same revealed a significant increase in soil density of 1,5 times compared to the control and 1,3 times with the results obtained on the pathway, this indicates a recreational impact to date. It is proposed to use the following criteria for degradation of natural ecosystem: quantitative and qualitative changes in vegetation (meadow ecosystems), presence/absence of forest litter (forest ecosystems), soil density, presence of additional/parallel paths, path width, depth of erosion on the pathway. Establish category (stages) of recreational degression on the tracks the National Park "Skolivski Beskydy". On the first stage/category ("Unchanged track") of recreational degression includes trails 0,35−0,70 m wide with relatively close indicators of soil structure bulk density to control and the presence of forest litter on the pathway. The only negative aspect in this category is the insufficient water permeability of the soil. On heavy II category there is forest litter, although its redistribution is mainly traced between the trail and its roadside. In some sections of the trail, where there is no forest litter, it is fixed by increasing the bulk density of the structure to 27 %, the width of the pathway is 0,9−1,2 m and is classified as "Little-changed track". On pathway with 2,15−3,40 m, there is a complete or partial absence of forest litter. Bulk density increased by 38−39 %, surface water runoff is formed. It is established presence distinct partway, visibled qualitative and quantitative changes in vegetation. The presented data correspond to the pathway of III category and are classified as "Endangered track". Category IV ("Devastated track") includes paths on which there is no forest litter, a significant increase in soil density up to 48 %, access to the surface of the root system and the width of the path is 2,60−4,90 m. Key words: recreation influence; soil bulk density; water permeable; pathway; NPP "Skolivski Beskydy".


The authors present the requirements for maps for planning from the users' view. The organisation of collecting the datas and presenting the maps is given by the example of the USSR a country where the economic and social transformation is in urgent want of new and timely information including the adequate maps


A variational basis is presented to link fine‐scale theories of material behaviour with the classical, macromechanical continuum theory. The approach is based on the weak form of the linear momentum balance equations, and a separation of the weighting function and displacement fields into coarse and fine‐scale components. Coarse and fine‐scale weak forms are defined. The latter is used to introduce a strain gradient theory that operates at finer scales of deformation. Attention is focused upon applications requiring the enhanced physical accuracy of the fine‐scale strain gradient theory, without the computational cost of discretization that spans the range from coarse to fine scales. A variationally consistent method is developed to embed the fine‐scale strain gradient theory in the macromechanical formulation. The embedding is achieved by eliminating the fine‐scale displacement field from the problem. Two examples demonstrate the numerical efficiency of the method, while retaining physical and mathematical properties of the fine‐scale strain gradient theory. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A field study was conducted to study the residual effects of different rice establishment methods and nutrient management practices as well as direct effect of different nutrient management practices on performance of greengram in a rice-greengram cropping system during Rabi 2009–10 and 2010–11. Residual effect of organic nutrition in rice produced the highest pods/plant (18.1), seeds/pod (10.1), seed yield (852 kg/ha), net return (23554/ha) and return per rupee invested (2.56). 50% RDF + BF application to greengram recorded the highest seed yield (930 kg/ha) which was 10.7 and 64.9% higher than RDF and no fertilizer application, respectively. This treatment also recorded the highest gross return (41956/ha), net return (26980/ha) and return/rupee invested (2.80).


"Yes," because on average across countries economic development is associated with better outcomes in these areas. "More or less," because there's considerable variance around those averages. Some parts of the world have done much better than others in turning wealth into health and reduced poverty. And some countries have managed to achieve respectable outcomes despite not being particularly wealthy.


Higher capacity testing facilities are being put into service at the Westinghouse Electric Corporation high-power testing laboratories at East Pittsburgh. This paper deals primarily with some of the switchgear and control features of the increased capacity facility.


We report results of model calculations aimed at understanding the phenomenon of resonant laser-induced desorption. The calculations consider a diatomic molecule with a harmonic internal vibration adsorbed to a substrate in an end-on configuration with a van der Waals-type binding potential. Using the adiabatic (Born–Oppenheimer) approximation, we calculate quantum mechanically the change in the adsorption potential produced when the internal vibration is excited. Within this approximation, elastic tunneling transitions from bound to continuum states do not occur. The same problem is treated classically by direct numerical integration of the nonlinear classical equations of motion, both with and without damping. The exact classical results confirm the quantum adiabatic approximation. No evidence for chaotic behavior is found.


In this paper some of the major variations in mammalian reproductive cycles are discussed from the viewpoint of their broad adaptive values. The variations involve qualitative differences in various aspects of the reproductive cycle and seem to be genetically fixed within a species. Research in the area of reproductive physiology has chiefly been confined to a few laboratory and domestic species which have been studied in great detail. As a result we have much information about these few forms, but perspectives may be distorted by this same wealth of information. It is often forgotten that these studies have been made on highly specialized forms which are usually the resultant of many years of domestication and artificial selection. Furthermore, the work has been done without regard to ecological or social context. For example, so much emphasis has been given to studies of the nonpregnant cycle, that we tend to lose insight into its significance in natural populations. In natural populations the nonpregnant cycle is a rarity, and it is essentially a pathological luxury which cannot be tolerated. Even in relatively long-lived animals with low mortality rates a nonpregnant cycle is an exception. In a study done under the somewhat artificial conditions existing in the Cayo Santiago Island colony in Puerto Rico, only 6 of the 28 fertile mature female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in a free ranging social group failed to conceive on the first estrus of the breeding season (Conaway and Koford, 1964). The remaining six conceived during their second estrous period. For short-lived prey species the occurrence of a nonpregnant cycle is a disaster, which must be avoided if the individual is to contribute significant numbers of offspring to the population. Many small mammals in this category have only a few months of reproductive life. Any portion of this which is lost through a nonpregnant cycle can be critical. The only acceptable alternatives are either to safeguard against the occurrence of a nonpregnant cycle or to recover and recycle as quickly as possible. One of the basic variants in mammalian reproductive cycles seems to be in the methods which have evolved for handling the nonpregn ant cycle or preventing its occurrence. Full understanding of these variations is impossible since we have detailed information about the nonpregnant cycle in fewer than 50 of the 1000 mammalian genera. This is not surprising since information must come from laboratory studies; however, it does indicate the importance of obtaining basic information on a wide variety of forms.


Autumn irrigation is a particular irrigation system designed to wash soil salts and encourage penetration into deeper layers, this application helps retain higher soil moisture in spring in the Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District. Several problems have been identified when using this approach, such as full utilization of water resources, groundwater level control to prevent secondary soil Saline alkalization. Through experimental research on the relations between soil moisture and autumn irrigation standards, a feasible autumn irrigation standard for the Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District was determined to be in the range of 150 to 200mm.


Sensing diagnostic modules (SDMs) in General Motors vehicles are capable of evaluating and storing data from multiple events. These SDMs contain the most comprehensive description of crash-related data of any supplemental restraint system accessible with the Vetronix crash data retrieval (CDR) tool. These data storage capabilities have been described thoroughly in a previous paper (Veppert, 2006). The current paper expands on those descriptions by describing the combinational logic functions that control the data storage in the 18 SDMs described by Veppert, as well as two SDMs that were unavailable at the time of Veppert's research: the SDM-C and SDM-Epsilon. These logic functions are demonstrated with visual graphics in the form of tables and ANSI-standard system flowcharts. This methodology for presenting data storage properties can be an effective reference for experienced CDR tool users and can facilitate the training of new users. Directions for future research are described.


This article addresses the importance of the pedagogical preparation
of those who dedicate themselves to the formative processes of the future
professional musicians, through the teaching of the diverse disciplines and
subjects of the specialized musical education. In this sense, this preparation
must be adapted to the objectives and contents of specialized musical education
in each of its profiles, which makes it distinctive and flexible, as opposed to a
pedagogical training related to other disciplines or subjects, taking into
consideration that it is an artistic manifestation that is complex and
encompassing of multifaceted professional performances, which characterizes
its formative processes and that depends to a high degree on the aptitudes of the
subjects of learning. Moreover, we show the experiences obtained, through the Master Program in Training Processes of the Teaching of the Arts (University of
Arts, ISA (Havana, Cuba), as a way for perfection of the psychological,
pedagogical and methodological abilities of the teachers of the subsystem of
artistic education, graduates of the Higher Institute of Art (ISA), among which
are the musicians who are dedicated to the teaching of the different musical
profiles; interpreters, composers, musicologists, among others. This modality of
postgraduate has been organized by the Department of Pedagogy-Psychology of
the University of the Arts, since 2011 and has developed three editions so far.


Smart phone distribution rate has been rising and it's security threat also has been rising. Especially Android smart phone reaches nearly 85% of domestic share. Since repackaging on android smart phone is relatively easy, the number of re-packaged malwares has shown steady increase. While many detection techniques have been proposed in order to prevent malwares, it is not easy to detect re-packaged malwares by static analysis and it is also difficult to operate dynamic analysis in android smart phone. Static analysis proposed in this paper features code reuse of repackaged malwares. We extracted DEX files from android applications and performed static analysis using class names and method names. This process doesn't not include reverse engineering, so it is possible to detect malwares efficiently.


Stiff foam drilling fluids have found wide application in oil fields where applicable because of their ability in enhancing ROP,minimizing permeability impairment,and improving hole cleaning and contamination tolerance of the mud.To run the stiff foam mud in formations in which high temperature,high salinity formation water,and crude oil contamination might be encountered,a stiff foam mud formulated with 2 high performance viscosifiers and foam stabilizing agents,and a high performance foaming agent,TSB.The application of this foam mud on wells BJ7168 and Bai22 was proved successful.


The fourteenth century witnessed a flurry of economic activity not only in Egypt but also in the most remote and previously neglected of the Mamluk provinces, such as Mamlakat Karak and the southern districts of Mamlakat Dimashq. This region, which constitutes today's Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, benefited from intense capital investment from Cairene sources, as well as an expansion of the local military and administrative apparatuses. From the reinstatement of al-Na≠s ̋ir Muh ̋ammad to the sultanate in 1310 until the end of the century the agriculture of geographical Transjordan prospered. Yet, in spite of this prosperity and the obvious financial benefit gained by the Egyptian state from this region, large parts of the Transjordan were abandoned by the fifteenth century. The handful of historians who have written on Mamluk Jordan and the much larger number of archaeologists working in the region's "Middle Islamic" period have largely agreed on the factors behind this phenomenon. They regularly cite natural disasters (earthquakes, droughts, locust infestations, and floods), plague and other epidemics, currency devaluation and changing trade and transport routes, political factionalism in Cairo, and the region's unruly bedouin, who are said to have been eager to devour villages once the garrisons protecting them pulled out, as creating the conditions for the economic collapse of the fifteenth century. They


Abstract:Recent years witness the great concerns and anxieties from an increasing number of researchers upon the issue of media globalization and culture identity,or rather homogenization and heterogeneity.There,however,exists a harmonious relationship between media globalization and culture identity,rather than a contradictive one.Media globalization can effectively represent audience's culture identity in its process of localization.In sense of culture,reasons to media localization and measures to achieve localization will be discussed from the commercial,social and practical perspectives.


Sharing a common fate with some people but not others may affect how economic agents behave in economic transactions, quite independently of strategic incentives. We present an experimental test of the effect of perceptions of common fate on the inducement of economic discrimination in bilateral settings. In settings where the bargaining power was all with one subject (the dictator game and a 'unilateral power game'), about half of the subjects engaged in negative discrimination: insiders were not treated better relative to control sessions, but outsiders were treated worse. Discrimination may be induced by a more conflictual perception of the decision problem.


THE EQUIPMENT WHICH HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF STABILITY OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURES (AHMT) SIMULATES THE STRESSING OF PAVEMENTS BY HIGH WHEEL LOADS, LOW TRAVEL SPEED, LANE TRAFFIC, BRAKING AND STARTING LOADS AS WELL AS HIGH SURFACING TEMPERATURES; THE SIMULATION IS CARRIED OUT REALISTICALLY IN THE LABORATORY. THE EQUIPMENT CONSISTS OF A COMPACTION DEVICE WHERE TEST SLABS OF 28 X 25 CM ARE PRODUCED BY ROLLER COMPACTION WITH A SMOOTH TYRE AND A PLAIN CYLINDER ROLLER AS WELL AS A TRACK FORMING DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE TEST. THIS INVOLVES ROLLING A SOLID RUBBER TYRED WHEEL WITH A LOAD OF 0.7 N/MM2 ON A TEST SLAB WHICH HAS BEEN HEATED TO 40-50 DEGREE C AT A SPEED OF 1.1 KM/H IN A SINUSOIDAL MOTION TO AND FRO. THE TEST MEASUREMENT IS THE TRACK DEPTH AFTER 3 HOURS (100 THOUSAND ROLLING MOVEMENTS), THE TIME FACTOR IS ALSO TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT. AS AN EXAMPLE OF APPLICATIONS, THE INFLUENCE OF THE BINDER CONTENT ON THE STABILITY OF ROLLED ASPHALT IS SHOWN, ALSO THAT OF THE TYPE OF BINDER MATERIAL AS WELL AS VARIOUS PLASTIC MATERIAL ADMIXTURES TO THE BINDER MATERIAL.


ESPP2: Study of Two component signal transduction systems in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. Aindrila Mukhopadhyay 1,3 , Eric Luning 1,3 , Jayashree Ray 1,3 , Adam Deutschbauer 1,3 , Kimberly Keller 2,3 , Jarrod Robertson 2,3 , Grant Zane 2,3 , Morgan Price 1,3 , Swapnil Chhabra 1,3 , Judy Wall 2,3 , Adam Arkin 1,3 , Terry Hazen 1,3 , Jay Keasling 1,3 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2 University of Missouri, 3 Virtual Institute of Stress and survival (vimss.lbl.gov). Acknowledgements This work was part of the Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival (http://VIMSS.lbl.gov) supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomics:GTL program through contract DE‐AC02‐05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U. S. Department of Energy. Two component systems, comprised of Histidine Kinase and Response regulator proteins, represent the primary and ubiquitous mechanism in bacteria for initiating cellular response towards a wide variety of environmental conditions. In D. vulgaris Hildenborough, more than 60 such systems have been predicted, but remain mostly uncharacterized. The ability of D. vulgaris to survive in its environment is no doubt linked with the activity of genes modulated by these two component signal transduction systems. Recent methods developed for in vitro confirmation of specific phosphotransfer from histidine kinases to their cognate response regulators provides a valuable method for high throughput mapping of two component systems. This is aided by in silico methods to predict candidate partners for histidine kinases or response regulators that are either ORFans or have no proximal genes that may be supposed to be their cognate partners. Such methods have been developed by several groups and can be checked for additional corroboration from microarray data in our VIMSS database. Use of these computation methods are being done in collaboration with the Computational Core of ESPP. However, adopting such a workflow requires highly pure, active proteins for the phosphotransfer assay. Using Gateway® Cloning system, expression vectors for all response regulator candidates and the soluble portions of histidine kinases candidates were created. His-tagged proteins were purified under native conditions. The purified histidine kinases with the corresponding cognate response regulators have been used successfully in in vitro phosphotransfer mapping for selected interesting two component systems in D. vulgaris. The immediate applications are for two component systems discovered to be involved in specific stress studies. Availability of a library of response regulators and histidine kinase also allows us test a variety of broader questions experimentally. For example, do the many highly homologues histidine kinases in D. vulgaris, still maintain specific interactions with one or few response regulators? Beyond testing such hypothesis, this library of purified proteins can also be used to map the entire two component signal transduction cascade. In addition, availability of a library of histidine kinase knockout mutants, constructed over the last several years of this project, also allows us to rigorously follow-up conclusions from the in vitro phosphotransfer tests. Technology that will aid a high throughput phenotypic analysis of knockout mutants under defined stress/ signal inducing conditions have been developed for D. vulgaris by the Applied and environment core of ESPP.


A main carrying device forming a part of a processing system, comprising a casing (40) forming a main carrying chamber (44) having vacuum atmosphere, the casing (40) further comprising a plurality of transfer ports (52A, 52B) for transferring the processed body (W) between the carrying chamber 44 and the outside, a mobile body (58) is slidably installed on a guide rail (48) horizontally installed in the carrying chamber (44), a linear motor mechanism (54, 62) for moving the mobile body (58) along the guide rail (48) is installed, a holding body (64) for holding the processed body (W) is liftably connected to the mobile body (58) through a support member (66), and a lifting mechanism (74) for lifting the support member (66) relative to the mobile body (58) is installed in the casing (40) at a position corresponding to the transfer ports (52A, 52B).


[Objective]To understand the iodized salt consumption among Horqin residents,and timely identify the problem and adopt appropriate intervention measures to ensure the effective implementation of iodized salt consumption strategy.[Methods]According to " National Iodine Salt Monitored Plan" random selective examination and result judgment on the iodine salt consumption were carried out among residents.[Results]During 2009-2010,coverage of iodized salt,qualified rate of iodized salt and iodine salt consumption rate were all above 95%.The iodine salt consumption rate in 2008 was lower than 90%[Conclusion]During 2009-2010,coverage of iodized salt,qualified rate of iodized salt and iodine salt consumption rate of this district all met the national standards


An apparatus for removing material from a workpiece having a first source of heated gas and a second source of gas. The first and second gas sources are housed such that the two sources of gas are selectively dischargeable to heat and remove the material, materials, or materials and components from a workpiece.


Background: Palmitoylation controls ion channel properties and function, but mechanisms that control palmitoylation are poorly defined. Results: Phosphorylation of a polybasic domain upstream of palmitoylated cysteines controls BK channel palmitoylation and properties. Conclusion: The polybasic domain is an electrostatic switch controlling palmitoylation. Significance: Knowledge of how palmitoylation is regulated is essential for understanding the physiological role of this signaling mechanism in health and disease. Protein palmitoylation is a major dynamic posttranslational regulator of protein function. However, mechanisms that control palmitoylation are poorly understood. In many proteins, palmitoylation occurs at cysteine residues juxtaposed to membrane-anchoring domains such as transmembrane helices, sites of irreversible lipid modification, or hydrophobic and/or polybasic domains. In particular, polybasic domains represent an attractive mechanism to dynamically control protein palmitoylation, as the function of these domains can be dramatically influenced by protein phosphorylation. Here we demonstrate that a polybasic domain immediately upstream of palmitoylated cysteine residues within an alternatively spliced insert in the C terminus of the large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channel is an important determinant of channel palmitoylation and function. Mutation of basic amino acids to acidic residues within the polybasic domain results in inhibition of channel palmitoylation and a significant right-shift in channel half maximal voltage for activation. Importantly, protein kinase A-dependent phosphorylation of a single serine residue within the core of the polybasic domain, which results in channel inhibition, also reduces channel palmitoylation. These data demonstrate the key role of the polybasic domain in controlling stress-regulated exon palmitoylation and suggests that phosphorylation controls the domain by acting as an electrostatic switch.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of firm ' s reputation and ethnocentrism on young consumer ' s attitude toward products with foreign origin. Design/methodology/approach – To attain the above objective "Mixed Method Approach" is employed. In the present study mixed method research is proposed by integrating qualitative and quantitative technique for data analysis for better breadth and depth of understanding. Findings – Reputation of the firm is found to have a significant impact on young consumers as it minimizes animosity and develops positive attitude toward products with foreign origin. Research limitations/implications – To collect data from the respondents vignettes/story boards were used which led to certain manipulation and hence it could be a limitation. Practical implications – The findings will be useful for the marketers to design their positioning strategies more specific to their target segments for better results. Originality/value – The present study made two sign...


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil-and-gas industry, particularly killing of gas-condensate and oil wells with high formation pressure before conducting major overhaul at low climatic temperatures. The base for calcium-free well-killing fluid, containing a mixture of mineral salts, including a sodium salt, the sodium salt is sodium nitrate and the mixture contains a second salt in form of ammonium nitrate in ratio to sodium nitrate ranging from 1:1 to 1:2. The mixture can additionally contain sodium thiosulphate in amount of 5-33.3 wt % of the mixture of all components or urotropin or monoethanolamine, or sodium thiosulphate in amount of 0.5-0.7 wt % of the mixture of all components, as well as sodium chloride in amount of 5.5-6.4 wt % of the mixture of all components. EFFECT: preparation of process solutions with density of not less than 1,35 g/cm from abundant materials for wells with high formation pressure and with different geologic and technical characteristics, wherein the freezing point of the fluid reaches minus 35°C, which enables its preparation and use in Northern conditions. 4 cl, 1 tbl, 16 ex


Elaboration of the perhydroazulene ring system formed by the intramolecular cycloaddition of a dienyl-substituted 3-oxidopyrylium has generated key intermediates used in the total synthesis of the α- and β-series of the copaene and ylangene sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. During the synthesis of the β-series of compounds selective protection of an olefinic bond was achieved by thiol addition; protection in this manner preventing migration of the double bond from an exocyclic to endocyclic position during the perhydroazulene to decalone rearrangement.


Cold fusion was launched in 1989 when chemists Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann announced in a dramatic news conference the discovery of a new energy source. They claimed that with a simple apparatus that included two electrodes—one of them palladium—suspended in heavy water, they had coaxed what was possibly a fusion reaction. This was conceivably a world-changing event; cold fusion became a cause célèbre, with numerous scientists attempting to replicate their results. Despite some confirmations, consensus emerged in 1990 that these experiments offered no true evidence of fusion and that researchers who continued in the field were practicing "pathological science." Bart Simon's book is an insightful study of the controversy and how knowledge of it has been transmitted. Simon positions himself as a constructivist sociologist, one who believes that scientific knowledge, like all knowledge, is socially produced. He avoids the narrative extremes of both cold fusion's true believers and its opponents, while making a strong case for what he calls a "symmetrical" approach—that is, one based on the assumption that in such controversies one side does not have a monopoly on rationality or truth. Sidestepping philosophical arguments about the relative or absolute nature of scientific knowledge, this approach can offer "a full-fledged sociology of scientific knowledge rather than just a sociology of scientific error" (p. 201). His method established, Simon charts the media coverage of cold fusion and the evolution of a negative verdict in the scientific community. He makes a convincing argument that the "interpretive charity" with which Fleischmann's and Pons data was first greeted need not have vanished so suddenly. That charity began to run out when it became apparent that their findings did not match current theory, and Fleischmann and Pons suggested that nuclear fusion in a solid state might follow different rules than in plasma. Such bold theorizing led Edward Teller to muse that a new particle surely was involved, one he dubbed "the meshugatron." Tracking the further erosion of charity, Simon quotes physicists in private communications posting odds at 25 to 1 on the likelihood of cold fusion. Soon, failures to confirm cold fusion were regarded as negative replications rather than as failures to follow the proper protocols. Only a few months after the first announcement, a negative consensus formed. The "death" of cold fusion, however, did not end the scientific study of the subject, and in his last chapters Simon traces how cold fusion enthusiasts developed new social networks. Throughout the 1990s, hundreds of T E C H N O L O G Y A N D C U L T U R E


A suite of design tools for cryogenic fluid storage thermal insulation systems have been developed between Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Preliminary design tools for both passive and active cryogenic fluid storage systems were developed. The initial use for these tools is in designing cryogen storage systems for inspace vehicles for the Lunar campaign; however, they can also be applied to other flight and storage vessels. Due to the high specific impulses associated with cryogenic propellant systems, they are in high demand from space vehicle designers. However, without proper knowledge of how to design cryogenic propellant storage tanks, erroneously huge losses due to unoptimized sizing and insulation may be calculated. The goal of creating these tools was to establish a NASA in-house design tool that could be used to assist future vehicle designs. Both tools were successfully used in the Long Duration Earth Departure Stage Study as well as the initial planning stages for the cryogenic fluids options for Altair and in many studies supporting the Constellation Lunar Architecture Team as well as the Constellation Mars Architecture Team's Mars Design Reference Architecture Study. The use of these tools in the above studies helped to establish the feasibility of using cryogenic propellants for long term space flight without enduring the large mass penalties previously seen in cryogenic space flight.


An important feature of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network was high mobility of terminals. The traditional medium access control protocols that were fit for networks composed with stationary nodes had not enough support with the mobility of nodes. Based on Slotted ALOHA and Reservation ALOHA,an adaptive MAC protocol SR-ALOHA was proposed to be used in high mobility vehicular environment,which had a dynamic switch of protocols for the intermittent connections. Simulation result showed that SR-ALOHA had a higher performance of throughput and less end-to-end delay.


Many chemical plants are being redesigned on a modular basis, and small scale plants are becoming more common where market conditions and strategic interests favor them. These plants use current technology. But so far, miniaturization of processes is largely an undeveloped field, and if it is to succeed, it will require more than current technology. There are several characteristics common to advanced miniature processing plants. Portability and automation, the first two characteristics, have already been achieved in today's modular, skid-mounted plants. Today's small scale plants can be assembled several at a time, but they are not mass produced in the assembly line sense. Tomorrow's miniaturized processing plants will be mass produced on a manufacturing line, but by means of advanced processing techniques, the line will turn out a variety of customized units designed for the varying requirements of different customers. It is the availability of advanced computer hardware that will make true process miniaturization a reality. Computer miniaturization, which has already slashed the cost of powerful and reliable control systems, will pave the way for process miniaturization. The major hurdle is the availability of manpower to design the software. The microprocess plant will allow external monitoring for all process conditions.more » The computer for such a plant will be unique and, like the plant, miniature. Slave microprocessors will control and monitor the plant, communicating externally with a microprocessor located elsewhere. A master processor located centrally could monitor the functions of several remote microprocesses.« less


We recently tested the hypothesis of ecological speciation in a post-Pleistocene radiation of Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia hubbsi) inhabiting inland blue holes (vertical, water-filled caves) on Andros Island, the Bahamas (Langerhans et al. 2007). Combining morphological, molecular, and behavioral data, our results suggested that enhanced premating isolation evolved as a byproduct of differences in body shape between predator regimes, due to assortative mating for body shape. Our results strongly supported the hypothesis of ecological speciation, and parallel results were observed across species within the genus, suggesting a past history of such ecological speciation within the Gambusia lineage. Downhower et al. (in press) question the morphological results described for G. hubbsi in our paper, contending that prior work on life-history variation in G. hubbsi (primarily Downhower et al. 2000, 2002) invalidates our conclusions. Here we show that this contention is based on a mischaracterization of our study, inaccurate quotation of our paper, and misinterpretation of the relevance of their life-history data for morphological results observed in our study. Downhower et al. (in press) suggest—without providing any direct evidence—that differences in body shape between predator regimes in G. hubbsi reflect correlative effects of phenotypic plasticity in life-history traits in response to variation in food availability. To make such a conclusion, we would have to set aside the following facts: (1) morphological differences were observed in adult males, who do not exhibit the life-history traits in question (e.g., number and size of offspring), (2) results matched well-supported a priori predictions of body shape variation based on divergent selection on locomotor performance, (3) results matched empirical results observed in other fish presumably experiencing similar forms of divergent selection between predator regimes, (4) the observed morphological differences are known to influence swimming performance in Gambusia fish and consequently influence endurance and survival with predators, (5) consistent results were observed for males both within and between Gambusia species, (6) any differences in food availability among blue holes are unknown, and (7) available evidence to date indicates that differences in body shape partly reflect genetic divergence, and not solely phenotypic plasticity. The criticisms in Downhower et al. (in press) can be summarized as three arguments: (1) incorrect attribution of evidence for divergent selection between predator regimes in G. hubbsi to several previous


The thermodynamic analysis demonstrates the feasibility of replacing the
 standard ammonia refrigeration device with the cascade NH3/CO2 refrigeration
 device in the food industry. The main reason for replacement is to reduce the
 total amount of ammonia in spaces like deep-freezing chambers, daily
 chambers, working rooms and technical passageways. An ammonia-contaminated
 area is hazardous to human health and the safety of food products. Therefore
 the preferred reduced amount of ammonia is accumulated in the Central
 Refrigeration Engine Room, where the cascade NH3/CO2 device is installed as
 well. Furthermore, the analysis discusses and compares two left Carnot¢s
 refrigeration cycles, one for the standard ammonia device and the other for
 the cascade NH3/CO2 device. Both cycles are processes with two-stage
 compression and two-stage throttling. The thermodynamic analysis demonstrates
 that the selected refrigeration cycle is the most cost-effective process
 because it provides the best numerical values for the total refrigeration
 factor with respect to the observed refrigeration cycle. The chief analyzed
 influential parameters of the cascade device are: total refrigeration load,
 total reactive power, mean temperature of the heat exchanger, evaporating and
 condensing temperature of the low-temperature part.


This article contains scientifically based and practical proposals for improving the system of public control, thereby eliminating errors and omissions in the activities of some government agencies in the Republic of Uzbekistan.


Indirect measurement architecture for speed estimation has been presented in this paper. This system is based on neural estimator implemented on programmable system on-chip (PSoC), using C++ language, which executes speed estimator algorithm, considering a 1.0 s time interval for neural estimator. The results from experiments and simulations indubitably proved the proposed estimator good performance. This efficiency was verified by analysis, considering the following focus: estimator precision when its compared to conventional speed measurements (tachometer). Speed measurements values from the PSoC and tachometer have shown a smaller than 2% discrepancy


The concept of filtering is about one hundred years old, yet much remains to be done to solidify a common understanding of the process and its policy implications-not the least of which is to clearly distinguish filtering's processesfrom its results, and to clarify whether the focus is on households or housing units. This article presents a model of filtering gleaned from the literature and discusses its assorted criticisms. Next, the literature is cast in its one hundred-year historical context to show how it evolved and how it was influenced by housing policy considerations of different eras. The article then offers a unifying framework for filtering's exposition. This framework allows the basic dimensions of filtering to be presented within its shelter system, and also shows how they are connected to larger economic and demographic forces in society that drive the filtering processes in the first place. The framework also allows a substantive rather than merely chronological organization of the literature. Finally, areas for future research are suggested based on this framework.


Colorization involves the synthesis of colors on a target image while preserving structural content as well as the semantics of the target image. This is a well-explored problem in 2D with many state-of-the-art solutions. We propose a novel deep learning-based approach for the colorization of 3D medical volumes. Our system is capable of directly mapping the colors of a 2D photograph to a 3D MRI volume in real-time, producing a high-fidelity color volume suitable for photo-realistic visualization. Since this work is first of its kind, we discuss the full pipeline in detail and the challenges that it brings for 3D medical data. The colorization of medical MRI volume also entails modality conversion that highlights the robustness of our approach in handling multi-modal data.


To weaken the received signal strength indication error of wireless sensor network node positioning accuracy,this paper proposes a weighted centroid localization algorithm to optimize the received signal strength indicator ranging precision. The algorithm is based on the Received Signal Strength Indicator(RSSI)and the Link Quality Indicator(LQI)in the fluctuation of the fading fluctuation curves at different distances. It uses the method of piecewise ranging accuracy optimization RSSI, then the optimized distance is valued as the weight factor weighted centroid algorithm to locate the node, so it improves the positioning accuracy. Simulation results show the validity of the optimization algorithm.


In this study, it is aimed to adapt the LIST scale that was prepared by Boerner et al. (2005) to define the learning strategies of university students, to Turkish. Validity and reliability analysis were made for Turkish form considering the original form. The study was conducted with 754 college students. Firstly, the linguistic equivalency of the scale was completed then the factor structure was analyzed. The factor structure of the scale was commented considering the exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis results. Statistically irrelevant items were excluded from the scale. Factor analysis results show that the scale was 12 dimensional and consists of 67 items. According to the analyses, the internal consistency of 12 dimensional structure of the scale was adequate with the factors in the scale. Cronbach Alpha values of the factors ranged between .74 and .92. Furthermore, in order to ensure the reliability of the scale, comparisons of item averages of between sub and super groups were made. It was seen that the results of the comparisons of 27% sub and super groups were significant factor all the items. These results show that the 12 dimensional structure of the scale is valid and reliable to define the learning strategies of university students.


In this article, we obtain sufficient conditions so that all solutions of the neutral difference equation $$ \Delta^{2}\big(y_n-p_n L(y_{n-s})\big) + q_nG(y_{n-k})=0, $$ and all unbounded solutions of the neutral difference equation $$ \Delta^{2}\big(y_n-p_n L(y_{n-s})\big) + q_nG(y_{n-k}) -u_nH(y_{\alpha(n)})=0 $$ are oscillatory, where \(\Delta y_n = y_{n+1}-y_n\), \(\Delta^2 y_n =\Delta(\Delta y_n)\). Different types of super linear and sub linear conditions are imposed on \(G\) to prevent the solution approaching zero or \(\pm \infty\).
For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2020/87/abstr.html


This paper studies the stabilization problem for T-S fuzzy systems with time delay. Based on Lyapunov criterion and Razumikhin theorem, two types of stabilizing controller are designed. One is the linear state feedback controller and the other is the parallel distributed fuzzy controller (PDFC). For each type of the controller, there are some derived sufficient conditions under which the whole closed loop fuzzy time-delay system is asymptotically stable. Moreover, those sufficient conditions can be transformed into the linear matrix inequality (LMI) problem. Then the controllers can be obtained by solving LMIs. Finally, a practical continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system illustrates the control design and its stabilization effectiveness.


The NOx-storage component design parameters of NOx-storage-reduction catalyst for the GDI engine were investigated. It was reported that NOx adsorption catalyst has an weak thermal stability with NOx-storage component To solve this problem, the optimization of lithium and barium that roll on NOx-storage is needed. When a lithium(O.lmol) and barium(12wt%) on alumina(lmol) impregnated, the thermal stability of the support improved. The addition of a lithium on alumina suppressed the formation of barium aluminum oxide due to interaction between barium oxide and alumina. Also, the possibility of sintering between barium oxide and support became high as the barium concentration was increased. The optimum condition is lithium O.lmol, barium 12wt%. The NOx removal activity of the prepared catalyst in this study was 80% at 250°C.