Whole books could be written on one subject which sums up nicely the state of the American educational system: our 'doing' hasn't kept up with our 'knowing'. Many years ago, through the fine work of such men as Martin Deutch and Jerome Bruner, we discarded the idea that there is such a thing as a 'fixed' I.Q., one little magic, marvellous number that could be attached to a child, hanging around his neck for the rest of his life. The I. Q. 'test' might show that he's a '90', and so the teacher is instructed, with a look of solemn acceptance, that 'there really isn't much you can do for him., get along the best you can with this child... or... don't push him too hard.' In the meantime, the child who was unfortunate enough to rate 160 on his I.Q. test begins an unrelenting life of pressure, with each of his teachers feeling it is their God-given duty to see to it that he lives 'up to his potential'. Once the results of that test are in, the high I.Q child is condemned to an eternal rat race. For the past few years educators have been recognizing that I.Q. scores are influenced by cultural backgrounds, and yet we continue to use them as a basis of comparing one child with another, still centring our findings around the fictitious 'Mr. Average'. The teacher knows what it means to be 'labelled' and to carry a label around for the rest of your life. A label of any kind is something to live up to, or something to forget; something to be proud of, or something that causes us to hang our heads in shame. Obviously, one of the first things to be discarded is the practice of 'labelling'. So this one has dyslexia...so this one is hyperactive...so this one is very brilliant.. so this one is very dull...so what? Common sense points to the importance of allowing every child to be himself, and to every teacher's being aware that within this child is a unique pattern of development and future achievement that only needs releasing. With more time spent on observation and less on theorizing, we :ould give more children a chance to be themselves. If their cry, as Maria Montessori says, is indeed simply, 'Help me to do it myself', then we'd better take a look at the topic of 'research' itself.


The role of ligands in passivating quantum dots has been studied in this work using Cu doping as internal sensors. This has been elucidated using the example of dodecanethiol, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, trioctylphosphine, trioctylphosphine oxide, and primary amines for the passivation of CdSe quantum dots by exchanging the original ligands. Steady state and time dependent photoluminescence spectra of the Cu emission have provided the basis for determining the role of ligands. The surface of the quantum dots with ligand exchange has been monitored using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results suggest that the presence of trioctylphosphine, trioctylphosphine oxide, and oleylamine ligands on CdSe quantum dot surface lead to better photoluminescence efficiency. Further, increase in the chain length of the primary amines increases the effectiveness of passivation on the CdSe quantum dot surface. We have also extended this method to the study of oleylamine capping in CdS quantum dots.


Essence is an important concept in philosophy, but it is not a simplex concept. Mans cognition on the category has experienced multi-leveled advance, with historical inheritance and with new meaning endowed. This has given the category of essence rich levels in its hierarchy. It is under the constant deepening of cognition on the concept of essence, mans cognition has deepened on the nature, life, human beings, and human society. It can be said that mans development in these cognitions are mutually supplement. If we give a summary of the concept of essence in modern philosophy, essence can be classified into elemental essence and systematic essence. The latter can be further classified into natural systematic essence, artificial systematic essence and social systematic essence. Such a classification is only conceptual. In human practice, the relationship between elemental essence and systematic essence is fairly complex.


Machine learning enables organizations to leverage data strategically to improve employee performance, promote continuous improvement, and better fulfill the mission. Opportunities for leveraging machine learning within organizations exist throughout the employee lifecycle but should be pursued with a clear understanding of the strengths and limitations of the methodology. This chapter will review traditional performance management processes, introduce machine learning as a methodology, highlight how machine learning methods could be used in new performance assessment models, and note future research directions to improve the use of machine learning within organizations.


We proposed a nonlinear control method for trajectory tracking of underactuated surface ship. The nonlinear hydrodynamic damp and sway velocity are included in the ship model, which can stand for high speed and low speed of the ship. In kinematics loop the reference yaw angle and the reference speed are given. The nonlinear controller is designed in dynamics loop to make the error variables asymptotically stable. The stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed by using Lyapunov theory. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.


Sandy beach can be divided into two beach ecosystems: self-sustaining and interface, which respond in different ways to morphodynamic and climate control on biodiversity. The main factors which act upon sandy shore biodiversity are wave energy and wind action, which are responsible for the movement of sediment and the determination of beach inclination. Climactic variations, such as storms, also significantly influence the dynamic of sandy shores. Although they have a delicate ecological balance, sandy shores have not been recognized as priority areas for conservation, possibly due to the absence of exuberant vegetation cover or due to the lack of perception of their biodiversity. For the majority of people that frequent coastal areas, sandy shores appear to be poor biological systems and are valued only for scenic and recreational purposes. Intense recreational use and the unorganized use of the backshore increases the impacts on these environments, altering sediment deposition which increases the difficulty of biota movement and increases erosion processes, compromising ecosystem functionality. It is therefore, necessary to research indicators which can result in the creation of effective strategies for coastal management, preserving ecosystem balance and the maintenance of its services, including those considered essential for the human race. This revision principally aims to discuss how morphodynamic and climactic processes act upon sandy beach biodiversity and how these phenomena can influence ecosystem balance and the offering of their services. We also discuss the possible interferences of climactic alterations, unorganized occupation of coastal environments and their implications for the conservation of sandy shores.


The head connection structure of 1 000kV transformer is introduced.The research results of 3D electric field under three outlet modes are presented.The outlet insultion structure scheme is given out.


INTRODUCTION
Corticotomy is an effective method of accelerating the orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment time for the extraction space closure, between corticotomy assisted and conventional orthodontic tooth movement and to check the alveolar bone thickness before and after corticotomy procedure in the corticotomy group.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN
Cross-sectional clinical study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty patients (age>15 y) requiring orthodontic treatment with upper anterior retraction in the extraction space of 1(st) premolar were selected and were randomised into control and corticotomy group each group consisted of 10 subjects. Pre retraction, corticotomy was performed in the maxillary anterior segment. The pre and post retraction CT scans were recorded and the thickness of the alveolar plates were measured at crestal level (S1), mid root level (S2) and apical level (S3) PreTreatment (T1). The same measurements were repeated after incisor retraction was completed PostTreatment (T2).

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Student's t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient.

RESULTS
There was a significant difference in retraction time (days) between control and corticotomy groups (p<0.001). Also, there were significant difference in total alveolar bone thickness at the crest region for all the four incisor teeth (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in total alveolar bone thickness at the S2 and S3 level for 11, 21 and 11, 12 and 22 (p<0.05) respectively.

CONCLUSION
Alveolar corticotomies not only accelerates the orthodontic treatment but, also provides the advantage of increased alveolar width to support the teeth and overlying structures.


This article introduces a concept of critical infrastructure systems' safety states model. The model construction is based on popular technical systems' safety states models as well as notions specified in acts of law and other studies concerning crisis management. The paper includes concepts of proposed model usage possibilities - methods and procedures for estimating unknown basic parameters of safety states transitions process. These include identifying the distributions of its conditional lifetime at safety states, estimating probabilities of its staying at safety states at the initial moment, probabilities of its transitions between safety states, and parameters of the distribution for the description of its conditional lifetimes at safety states.


The functional crystal materials was the study of molecules or chemical groups in the crystal core and crystal design,structure prediction and performance control,the use of different types of molecular interaction and geometry to build a new structure and unique properties of the crystal.This article focused on several new functional crystal materials including the types,characteristics and research situation,looked to the future development trend of crystal materials.


The ability of acoustically propelled micro and nanoscale motors to perform diverse tasks while moving in solutions can open up new applications in diverse fields such as medicine, biotechnology, and materials science. However, the current understanding of the underlying propulsion mechanisms of ultrasound‐driven structures is limited for translating their motion and operation to practical applications. Here, the behavior of Janus microparticles displaying acoustically driven propulsion is demonstrated. A new approach to harness the acoustically‐induced vibration and oscillation of a density asymmetric Janus microstructure into translational motion is presented, based on fixing the micromotor orientation with an external magnetic field. Such acoustic propulsion of Janus microparticles is realized through a judicious material selection based primarily on density and asymmetry considerations. Experimental data and theoretical models indicate that the density asymmetry provides an acoustic propulsive force for translational motion. The Janus structure presented here is also able to propel using chemical and magnetic actuations, paving the way for different hybrid nanovehicles. The new approach to harvest acoustic energy leads to a robust motile platform and expands the horizons of ultrasound‐propelled micro/nanomotors, offering new possibilities for their design and applications.


Bennett T. McCallum Carnegie Mellon University and National Bureau of Economic Research Preliminary November 8, 2007 This paper is being prepared for the 2007 Annual Conference of the Central Bank of Chile, to be held in Santiago on November 15-16, 2007. I am indebted to Riccardo DiCecio and George Evans for helpful discussions on the topic of this paper.


A study has been made, by means of factorial sand-culture pot experiments, of the relationship between N, P, K and Mg treatments and their concentrations in the laminae of leaves from the mid-third region of non-fruiting shoots sampled in early July, and shoot growth, blossom number, fruit set, berry weight, ascorbic acid content and crop yield. Plants were propagated from hardwood cuttings and grown as biennials. from these studies it has been possible to suggest tentative standards for classifying the nutrient status of black-currant plants in relation to growth and crop yield. the highest crop yields were associated with the following leaf-lamina concentrations in July; N, 3.0%; P, 0.3%; K, 1.5% and Mg, 0.15 % in dry matter.


The state of stress in a cylindrical shell containing a circular cutout was determined for axial tension, torsion, and internal pressure loading. The solution was obtained for the shallow shell equations by a variational method. The results were expressed in terms of a nondimensional curvature parameter which was a function of shell radius, shell thickness, and hole radius. The function chosen for the solution was such that when the radius of the cylindrical shell approaches infinity, the flat-plate solution was obtained. The results are compared with solutions obtained by more rigorous analytical methods, and with some experimental results. For small values of the curvature parameter, the agreement is good. For higher values of the curvature parameter, the present solutions indicate a limiting value of stress concentration, which is in contrast to previous results.


Objective To assess the correlation between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the outcome of esophageal carcinoma patients treated by radiotherapy.Methods In 59 esophageal cancer patients, expressions of VEGF and PCNA gene proteins in the biopsy samples obtained by endoscopic examination were assessed by immunohistochemical stain. Correlation between the expression of VEGF and PCNA gene and prognosis and clinical or pathological characters such as gender, stage and histological grade were analyzed. Results Preliminary study demonstrated that the expression of VEGF and PCNA was not correlated with clinical or pathological characters such as gender, stage and histological grade, while VEGF was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival rate by multivariate analysis. Neither correlation between VEGF and local control nor that between PCNA and local control or overall survival rates was found significant. The correlation between VEGF and PCNA was significantly positive. Conclusions Expression of VEGF, which can reflect the cell proliferation, may have significant impact on overall survival rate in esophageal carcinoma treated by radiotherapy and is worthy of further study. Although no correlation between PCNA and local control or overall survival rate is found, further study is still needed because of the limited cases alloted.


Sorting is a classic algorithmic problem and its importance has led to the design and implementation of various sorting algorithms on many-core graphics processing units GPUs. CUDPP Radix sort is the most efficient sorting on GPUs and GPU Sample sort is the best comparison-based sorting. Although the implementations of these algorithms are efficient, they either need an extra space for the data rearrangement or the atomic operation for the acceleration. Sorting applications usually deal with a large amount of data, thus the memory utilization is an important consideration. Furthermore, these sorting algorithms on GPUs without the atomic operation support can result in the performance degradation or fail to work. In this paper, an efficient implementation of a parallel shellsort algorithm, CUDA shellsort, is proposed for many-core GPUs with CUDA. Experimental results show that, on average, the performance of CUDA shellsort is nearly twice faster than GPU quicksort and 37% faster than Thrust mergesort under uniform distribution. Moreover, its performance is the same as GPU sample sort up to 32 million data elements, but only needs a constant space usage. CUDA shellsort is also robust over various data distributions and could be suitable for other many-core architectures.


GPS L2C signal is one of the modernized GPS civilian signals. With respect to GPS L1 C/A signal, L2C signal is more robust in harsh environment, since its tracking threshold would be lower by taking the advantage of new designed pilot channel. Up to now, some of current tracking methods are only based on the pilot channel or data channel of L2C signal and discard the other, which results in 50% power loss. Other methods are based on the joint tracking of the outputs of data and pilot channels' discriminators, which needs more additional computation resources and the integration time of tracking is limited by data. In this paper, a new method based on joint tracking of data and pilot channels but not discriminators is proposed. We know the navigation data of GPS signal, mainly consisted of ephemeris and almanac, are continuously and repeatedly broadcast. So the navigation data of GPS signal are predicable. Based on this, the proposed method removes the navigation data of data channel through a new designed navigation data predication module, before coherently combines the integration results of data and pilot channel. Then, the coherent integration result has both the energy of data channel and pilot channel. Compared with the previous methods, the proposed method has no power loss and it doesn't need additional computation resource. Furthermore, the integration time will not be limited by navigation data since they have been predictably removed and much better tracking performance is expected. Theoretical and simulation results demonstrated the results.


of vinblastine and colchicine on neural regulation of the fast and slow skeletal muscles of the rat. Exp. Neurol. 38: 607-634. HOWE, P. R. C., B. G. LivETT & L. AUSTIN. 1976. Increased binding of alphabungarotoxin in dystrophic mouse muscle. Exp. Neurol. 51: 132-140. HOWE, P. R. C., J. A. TELFER, B. G . LIVETT & L. AUSTIN. 1977. Extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors in dystrophic mouse muscles. Exp. Neurol. 56: 42-51. MARSHALL, M. W., M. 1. MOORE & P. WILSON. 1974. Acetylcholine contractures in murine dystrophy and the neurogenic hypothesis. Exp. Neurol. 44: 329-332. MARUSYK, H. & G. MONCKTON. 1976. The study of ~ne thy l -~H decamethonium dichloride incorporation into normal and dystrophic mouse muscle. J. Physiol. (London) 256: 159-165. MCCOMAS, A. J., P. B. JORGENSEN & A. R. M. UPTON. 1974. The neuropraxic lesion: a clinical contribution to the study of trophic mechanisms. Can. 1. Neurol. Sci. 1: 170-179. ROWE, R. W. D. & G . GOLDSPINK. 1969. Muscle fibre growth in five different muscles in both sexes of mice. 11. Dystrophic mice, J . Anat. 104: 531-538. ISAACS, E. R., W. G. BRADLEY & G. HENDERSON. 1973. Longitudinal fibre splitting in muscular dystrophy: a serial cinematographic study. J. Neurol. Neuro. surg. Psychiat. 36: 813-819. WILLIAMS, P. E. & G. GOLDSPINK. 1976. The effect of denervation and dystrophy on adaptation of sarcomere number to the functional length of muscle in young and adult mice. J. Anat. 122: 455-465. LAW. P. K. & H. L. ATWOOD. 1974. Does axonal sprouting occur in dystrophic mouse muscles? Experientia 30: 155-156. JANSEN, W. K. S. & D. C. VAN ESSEN. 1975. Reinnervation of rat skeletal muscles in the presence of alpha-bungarotoxin. J. Physiol. (London) 250 651-667. HARRIS, J. 6. & R. R. RIBCHESTER. 1975. Extracellular and intracellular effects of procion brilliant red H3BN on mammalian muscle fibres. Brit. J . Pharmacol. 55: 281 P. HARRIS, 1 . B. & R. R. RIBCHESTER. 1975. A method for the microinjection into mammalian muscle fibres of procion brilliant red H3BN. Brit. J . Pharmacol. 55: 306P. HARRIS, J . B. & R. R. RIBCHESTER. 1978. Neuromuscular transmission is adequate in identified abnormal dystrophic muscle fibres. Nature (London) 271: 362-364. ALBUQUERQUE, E. X., J . E. WARNICK, J . R. TASSE & F. M. SANSONE. 1972. Effects


During the two SIR-C/X-SAR flights in April and October 1994 a unique and exciting data set of multifrequency/multipolarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery of the ocean surface was acquired. The key ocean features seen in the SAR imagery include ocean swell, internal waves, oceanic fronts, eddies, current features, and atmospheric induced phenomena, including atmospheric fronts and rain cells. Some examples of SIR-C/X-SAR images acquired over the ocean are presented.


We presentChandraobservations of eight candidate Optically Dull X-ray Brigh t Galaxies at low redshift (z∼ 0). Six of the eight appear to be extended in the X-ray, indica ting the presence of hot intra-cluster (or intra-group) gas, and are thus candidate poor clusters, gro ups, r fossil groups.


[1] In this investigation, we examine the latitude distribution of convective F region ion drifts at latitudes below the convection reversal boundary. We express latitude variations in terms of an electrostatic potential distribution to determine the sensitivity to interplanetary conditions, magnetic activity, and local time. We use a Gaussian curve segment to best represent the distribution of the potential equatorward of the polar cap and find the Gaussian half width is dependent on the potential at the convection reversal boundary with the half width being larger on the duskside than on the dawnside. We also find this parameter is dependent on local time as well as Kp. In all cases, the half width shows a greater variability on the duskside than on the dawnside.


The problem of the research was the effectiveness and feseabilty of animation-based teaching material on explanation text on grade XI students at MAN 2 Aceh Tenggara. This effectiviness was carried out by teachers and students. The product feasibility test was tested by a team of experts, namely lecturers and teachers of bahasa Indonesia. The objective of the research was to develop animation-based teaching material to find out the effectiveness of animation based teaching material, and to find out the feasibility test of animation-based teaching material on explanation text. This research used R&D method. The subjects of research were XI grades students of MAN 2 Aceh Tenggara. This research used non-test and test instruments. The result of the research indicated that the pre-test value was at a ―fairly good‖ category and after using animation on posttest was at a ―very good‖ category. Thus, the development of animation-based teaching material on explanation text is appropriate to be applied.


DDS technology is an innovative circuit architecture. It has the advantages of low phase noise, fast frequency switching,
small cubage, high frequency resolutions. This paper presents a fast agile frequency synthesizer with simple structure,
anti-jamming, low stray and low phase noise.


Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor(T NF) or its polymorphism and unexplained repeated spontaneous abortion. Methods Plasma level of TNF was measured by RIA,and the polymorphism of TNFα-308 gene was screened by PCR RELP. Results Unexplained repeated spontaneous abortion group showed significantly higher plasma level of TNF than control group (p0.05). There was no significant difference between unexplained repeated spontaneous abortion group and control group for TNFα-308 polymorphism (p0.05). Conclusions Plasma TNF increases in unexplained repeated spontaneous abortion and there is no association betweenTNFα-308 polymorphisms and unexplained repeated spontaneous abortion.


Hydraulic deep drawing presses are widely used for industrial sheet metal forming today. Small manufacturers of drawn parts and suppliers of the automotive industry especially appreciate these machines because of their high flexibility in process design. But the energy efficiency of modern hydraulic presses is nearly unknown due to a lack of experimental investigations and suited simulation models. The authors' objective is to reduce this gap by analyzing the energy efficiency and to generate the basic knowledge that is necessary for being able to improve the press hydraulics systematically. This article focuses especially on the simulation works.


Retained placenta around which the uterus firmly contracted occurs in about 1% of all vaginal deliveries and may require uterine muscle relaxation to facilitate manual extraction. It is associated with profuse hemorrhage and life threatening shock. Therefore anesthesiologist may face the difficulty to provide analgesia and rapid uterine relaxation. A 32-yr-old multigravida was transferred to the emergency room in hypovolemic shock state at 1 hour after vaginal delivery. Ketamine 30 mg, fentanyl 50 mcg were given intravenously for analgesia and sedation. Oxygen 6 L/min was supplied via face mask. With ongoing fluid resuscitation, nitroglycerin 500 mcg was injected as an intravenous bolus. Within 80 seconds, the uterus relaxed enough to extract the retained placenta. The recovery of uterine muscle tone occurred approximately 1 minute after manual removal with administration of intravenous methylergonovine. In summary, the use of intravenous nitroglycerin may be a useful and safe alternative to general anesthesia in cases of manual removal of retained placenta. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 34: 204∼207)


The concentration dependent diffusion coefficient of fructose in precipitated chitosan membranes was determined using diffusion cells. Experiments showed that boundary layers on both sides of the membrane could not be neglected when the diffusion coefficient in chitosan is close to the free diffusion coefficient. Hence, the influence of the boundary layers was covered by measuring membranes with different thickness. The diffusion coefficient in chitosan at infinite dilution was found to be around the free diffusion coefficient. With increasing concentration, the diffusion coefficient in chitosan decreases faster than the free diffusion coefficient. Thus, the product of diffusion coefficient and concentration difference shows a maximum implying an optimum concentration for mass transfer.


*Corresponding Author: Marwa Ashraf Elaraby, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt. Tel: 01270148859 firstname.lastname@example.com Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is the development of an infection of the ascitic fluid in the peritoneum, with no identifiable source of the infection in patients with liver failure. ascitic fluid neutrophil count is more than 250⁄mm3. calprotectin in Ascitic fluid may help in detection of neutrophil count < 250 cells/mm3, it has an effective role in detection of SBP and this will be a rapid treatment and good prognosis. Objectives: Evaluation of the calprotectin in ascitic fluid as rapid marker for diagnosis of SBP. Methodology: our study was done on 40 patients in Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department of Benha University divided into 2 groups 20 patients were SBP group and other 20 patients were non SBP group. 5ml of ascitic fluid was collected from patient in sterile blood culture bottles under complete aseptic condition then cultured on automated blood culture system (Bact/ALERT 3D) .Serum Calprotectin was measured in ascitic fluid by using commercially available quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immune sorbent assays. Results: SBP was in significant association with higher TLC in AF and higher frequency of positive culture results when compared to non SBP group (p<0.001 for each).Among all studied cases, median calprotectin level was 0.602 ng/dL. SBP was significantly associated with higher level of calprotectin when compared to non SBP group .Calprotectin showed positive significant correlation with TLC in ascitic fluid. Conclusion: calprotectin in ascitic fluid is an excellent rapid marker for diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with chronic Liver disease.


Objective To explore the correlation of FIB,IL-17 with the patients with cerebral infarction.Methods According to the infarction size of CT or MRI of head,the 50 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into three group: the large(10 cm3),middle(4~10 cm3)and small(4 cm3) area infarction;According to the damage degree of nerve function,were divided into three type: the serious(30~42 scores),moderate(15~29 scores) and mild(0~14 scores) NIHSS scores,20 healthy persons were served as control group.To collect anticoagulant specimens within 24 h,IL-17 were measured by two-layer antibody sandwith enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.FIB were measured by blood coagulation function full-automatic analyser.Results The levels of FIB,IL-17 of the large group obviously higher than control group(P 0.01),the levels of FIB,IL-17 of middle and small group higher than control group(P 0.05);the levels of FIB,IL-17 of the serious type obviously higher than control group(P 0.01),the levels of FIB,IL-17 of moderate and mild type group higher than control group(P 0.05);the levels of FIB,IL-17 of the large group compared with small group were difference(P 0.05);the levels of FIB,IL-17 of the serious type compared with mild type group were difference(P 0.05).Conclusion It is closely relevant that serious intensity of cerebral infarction and the levels of plasma FIB,IL-17.There is great value to regular test FIB,IL-17 to prevent from cerebral infarction.


53 Background: EpCAM-based immunocapture of prostate cancer (PC) CTCs yields relatively low purity and specificity. We developed a geometrically enhanced differential immunocapture (GEDI) microfluidic device that incorporates flow dynamics and utilizes a mAb to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) to optimize isolation and analysis of CTCs from PC patients.

METHODS
GEDI microfluidic silicon chips, fabricated using standard photolithography techniques, were functionalized by chemical cross-linking ending with a neutravidin terminated surface to which anti-PSMA biotinylated-mAb J591 was bound. C4-2 (PSMA+) and PC-3 (PSMA-) cells were used for chip optimization. 1 mL of peripheral blood from PC patients was flowed (1mL/hour) over functionalized chips. Captured cells were washed with PBS × 30 min, fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde, immunofluorescently stained for DAPI, androgen receptor (AR), tubulin and EpCAM and analyzed by high resolution point-scanning confocal microscopy. PSMA+, DAPI+, and CD45- cells were manually scored. RNA was extracted from unfixed captured CTCs using lysis buffer flowed thru the chip.

RESULTS
∼80% capture efficiency was achieved from 26 PSMA positive C4-2 cells spiked into 1 mL blood flowed through the GEDI chip. RNA extracted from 50 C4-2 cells in 1 mL blood flowed thru the chip detected a known AR point mutation by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Immunofluorescence staining of PSMA+ cells captured on the chip detected changes in AR subcellular localization and microtubule structure following treatment with DHT or paclitaxel, respectively. 10 patients with metastatic PC were analyzed by CellSearch (range 0-201 cells/7.5 mL) and GEDI chip (range 35->1200 cells/mL) yielding a 7->350 fold enrichment using GEDI. Captured PC cells isolated from PC patient incubated in 50 nm paclitaxel (ex vivo) overnight demonstrated microtubule bundling, indicative of drug-target engagement.

CONCLUSIONS
PSMA based GEDI microfluidic CTC capture is highly specific and sensitive in capturing PSMA positive PC CTCs; and allows detailed CTC analysis including protein expression and subcellular localization, mutational analysis and drug sensitivity assessment. [Table: see text].


Before translation in eukaryotic organisms, nascent mRNA (pre-mRNA) receives two significant modifications in addition to splicing. During synthesis, a 7-methylguanylate structure, also known as a "cap", is added to the 5 ́ end of the pre-mRNA, via 5 ́ → 5 ́ triphosphate linkage. This cap protects the mature mRNA from degradation, and also serves a role in nuclear export and translation initiation. The second modification is the addition of approximately 200 adenylate nucleotides (a poly(A) tail) to the 3 ́ end of pre-mRNA by E. coli Poly(A) Polymerase. Polyadenylation is coupled to transcription termination, export of mRNA from the nucleus, and, like the cap, formation of the translation initiation complex. The mature mRNA forms a circular structure by bridging the cap to the poly(A) tail via the cap-binding protein eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) and the poly-(A) binding protein, both of which interact with eIF4G (eukaryotic initiation factor 4G). (Figure 1, (8))


Context: Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) accounts for 10–15% of all salivary gland neoplasms and its management is related to tumour grading. The expression of mucin in the tumour cells presumably affects and predicts tumour behaviour. Aims: To analyse the expression of MUC1 (membrane bound mucin), MUC2 and MUC5AC (secreted mucins) in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and correlate with tumour grade and patient outcome. Settings and Design: In this retrospective correlation study the expression of MUC1, MUC2 and MUC5AC were investigated using immunohistochemistry in confirmed cases of MEC. Methods and Material: The staining patterns of MUC1, MUC2 and MUC5AC were analysed in 10 confirmed cases from the year 2013 to 2020. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS 23 was used for bivariate correlations. Results: All of the tumours expressed MUC1, showing strong membranous to focal cytoplasmic localization in all cells. The goblet cell component expressed a strong apical membranous pattern. MUC2 expression was moderate, showed cytoplasmic localisation in 40% of mucinous cells and was minimal in intermediate cells and epidermoid cells. MUC 5AC expression was strong apical membranous in goblet cells and mainly negative in intermediate cells and epidermoid cells. Conclusions: Although MUC1 is a reliable marker for all cell types of MEC but has no significant correlation with the tumour grade. MUC 2 has not been found to be a reliable diagnostic marker and has no significant correlation with the tumour grade. MUC 5AC has been found to have a significant expression in tumours with lymphoid infiltrate. There was no statistically significant correlation of MUC expression with the site, tumour grade and patient outcome.


PurposeThe aim of this study is to develop an in-depth case study on the implementation on Lean six sigma (LSS) in Schnell S.p.A., Italian company leader of an important multinational industrial group, highlighting the benefits that can be achieved from a careful application of this method, the main challenges and organizational learning from its implementation.Design/methodology/approachThe study has been developed with a qualitative approach, creating a single in-depth case study, with the participant observation of researchers in the project which lasted 4 months. Periodic weekly meetings were done with the working group to exchange feedback on the development of the project to share opinions and data.FindingsA project has been developed to stabilize the procurement process of a pull-type production cell, which experienced delays in supply lead times. The causes of the problems in their process of managing the supply of the production cell were found and some inefficiencies in the internal process of fulfillment of supply orders have been intercepted, the optimization of which has allowed the generation of an automatic system for sending supply orders, coming directly from the production line.Originality/valueThis study described the path and dynamics of the transformation process that business organizations undertake for optimizing their profitability and competitive advantage, placing emphasis on an innovative methodology for conducting business process improvement projects, which constitutes its operating philosophy on the effective and efficient use of company resources and skills, to guarantee to the company the achievement of a lasting and defensible competitive advantage over time.


After the accession of several Central and Eastern European countries to the European Union in 2004, new challenges arose for their highest judicial institutions to define and shape the relationship between the national and European legal order. This paper assesses the first decade of the effort of the Slovak Constitutional Court (SCC) in interpreting the relationship between domestic and EU law via applying the concept of constitutional pluralism which presumes a specific relationship between the legal orders characterized by their heterarchical structure, mutual interaction and cooperation rather than of a hierarchical, monistic structure, governed by clash over dominance. Answering the research question how the SCC has positioned itself vis-a-vis the constitutional monism v. pluralism dilemma can offer an insight on the general relationship between domestic and EU law in Slovakia. By analysing statutory law, selected judgments and reviewing secondary literature, the paper argues that the SCC seems to have chosen the monistic, hierarchical approach to the relationship, having rejected constitutional pluralism. At the same time, this position is not articulated clearly enough due to the veil of secrecy that to some extent still prevails over the SCC's doctrinal attitudes to EU law. The findings of the paper, which combines conceptual analysis of constitutional pluralism with review of relevant legal provisions and case law, demonstrate the need for a more active and straightforward approach of the SCC when dealing with the challenges of EU law.


Abstract Genome-wide nucleotide composition varies widely among species. Despite extensive research, the source of genome-wide nucleotide composition diversity remains elusive. Yeast mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are highly A + T rich, and they provide a unique opportunity to study the evolution of AT-biased landscape. In this study, we sequenced ten complete mitogenomes of the Saccharomycodes ludwigii yeast with 8% G + C content, the lowest genome-wide %(G + C) in all published genomes to date. The S. ludwigii mitogenomes have high densities of short tandem repeats but severely underrepresented mononucleotide repeats. Comparative population genomics of these record-setting A + T-rich genomes shows dynamic indel mutations and strong mutation bias toward A/T. Indel mutations play a greater role in genomic variation among very closely related strains than nucleotide substitutions. Indels have resulted in presence–absence polymorphism of tRNAArg (ACG) among S. ludwigii mitogenomes. Interestingly, these mitogenomes have undergone recombination, a genetic process that can increase G + C content by GC-biased gene conversion. Finally, the expected equilibrium G + C content under mutation pressure alone is higher than observed G + C content, suggesting existence of mechanisms other than AT-biased mutation operating to increase A/T. Together, our findings shed new lights on mechanisms driving extremely AT-rich genomes.


Brand represents the features of the school.It is of vital importance for vocational schools to establish its own unique brand based on its own condition.We should analyze the market in detail,give our own advantage a full display and present our own features in running the school.


In his Civil War, Lucan enters into intertextual game not only with epic and tragedy, but also with love poetry. A number of references to Roman elegy, the Heroides, and Ariadne's lament in Catullus (64) have been noted in Book 5, when Caesar arrives in Epirus and summons his troops from Italy. The aim of this article is to examine the functions of these elegiac references related to Caesar and to propose an interpretation slightly different from that found in earlier studies. Using elegiac vocabulary, motifs, and topoi (servitium and militia amoris) in 5.476– 497, Lucan makes his audience perceive Caesar in the role of an elegiac mistress (domina), who thereby imposes the role of lover on his soldiers. However, those roles do not correspond to their real meaning in the poem as Caesar is quickly forced to transform into a lover. This shift is crucial for the intertextual game with love poetry. Nevertheless, the troops do not notice the change, standing by the role they were previously cast in (5.678–699). In this way, they allow their leader to become a mistress again and continue the war.


In this work, we present the development of a capacitive tactile sensing array realized by using MEMS fabrication techniques and flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) technologies. The sensing array, which consists of two micromachined polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS) structures and a FPCB, will be used as the artificial skin for robot applications. Each capacitive sensing element comprises two sensing electrodes and a common floating electrode. The sensing electrodes and the metal interconnect for signal scanning are implemented on the FPCB, while the floating electrode is patterned on one of the PDMS structures. This special design can effectively reduce the complexity of the device structure and thus makes the device highly manufacturable. The characteristics of the devices with different dimensions are measured and discussed. The corresponding scanning circuits are also designed and implemented. The tactile images induced by the PMMA stamps of different shapes are also successfully captured by a fabricated 8 × 8 array.


Synopsis : In continuous casting, the free surface motion of a molten metal plays an important role for determining the surface quality of products. In order to clarify the free surface behavior of a molten metal under the imposition of an intermittent alternating magnetic field, free surface waves of a molten gallium were visualized and recorded by use of a high-speed video camera. It is noticed that the number of capillary waves generated in the radial direction increased with increase of the intermittent frequency and was decreased by inserting a copper shield between a coil and a mold. The number of the waves generated in the azimuthal direction decreased during propagating from the vicinity of a sidewall to the center. Asymmetric gravity waves were excited when the distribution of the magnetic field was non-uniform in the azimuthal direction or the intermittent frequency was adjusted near the resonance frequency.


Paper aims: Proposal of a Model for Systematic Optimization of Engineering Requirements applied to product concept development and based on a two-level integration of the methods Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). Originality: Requirements extraction directly from patent documents in order to identity the most relevant user requirements as well as the technical requirements interactions through a QFD matrix. Then, TRIZ Contradiction Matrix is used to withdraw the requirements contradictions through inventive principles in order to enable the product conception. Research method: Case Study which enables the Model construction inductively through its application on the development of a mortar ammunition concept. Main findings: A product concept comprising innovative features which reflect the laws of technology evolution from TRIZ. Implications for theory and practice: The product concept definition points to the academic relevance of an integration model which identify the technical requirements objectively from patent documents.


The utility model relates to a medical drainage device, belonging to the field of medical devices. A rectangular soft drainage liquid bag is provided, and the utility model is characterized in that a drainage tube is provided with a flow valve; one end of the flow valve is connected with the drainage liquid bag by the drainage tube, and the other end thereof is connected with a filter joint, which is connected with a syringe needle; and after being folded back, the drainage tube between the filter joint and the flow valve is installed with a jacket tube. The utility model, which is characterized by simple structure and low manufacture cost, can effectively reduce the work intensity and the risk of infection of thoracic cavity and air entry and meet the clinical requirements of saving both labor and time.


Literature (1) studied the principle formulas of level surveying, but its theory is not strict enough. So, in this paper, further research is made to obtain more strict formulas, and proves that formula in literature (1) can completely replace homologous formula of this paper in practice.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether galanin-(1–16) of the rat and porcine type and rat galanin-(1–29) can modulate the 5-HT1A receptors, using [3H]8-OH-DPAT as a radioligand, in membrane preparations from the ventral limbic cortex of the rat. Galanin-(1–16) produced a concentration dependent increase in the Kd value of 3H]8-OH-DPAT binding sites with a maximal effect of ∼61% at 30 nM without changing the Bmax values. The galanin antagonist M35 blocked these effects. Rat galanin produced the same pattern of response but was less potent and effective. These results indicate the existence of a galanin receptor subtype in the ventral limbic cortex mainly recognizing N-terminal galanin fragments and capable of more strongly modulating 5-HT1A receptors than cloned galanin receptors.


Kidney stones are the common problem in the healthcare system. It is rapidly increasing day by day and becomes a global health crisis in worldwide. Various deep learning algorithms are used for classificationof stone in kidney area. The computer aided design approach can be used for assist doctor for finding out the stone in kidney area. For kidney transplantation and dialysis, a proper treatment is required. It is important to have reliable techniques for predicting kidney stone size atits early stages. Different machine learning (ML) algorithmsare given excellent results in predicting stone. In this paper, clinicaldata is used for predicting of stone in kidney. If data have some missing values, data unbalancing problem then machine learning algorithms assist to solve this problem in which includes data preprocessing, a technique for managing missing values, data aggregation, feature extraction and prediction of result by evaluating values. In this study, deep learning algorithm for classification of kidney stone sizes automatically on the patient's dataset is used. A total of 1000 patient's dataset are used for finding out kidney stone size i.e., large or small. The binary classification algorithm is used for classification of stone size. We observed that our model gives best result for classification of kidney stone image size.


The Tale of the Wyf of Bathe - written in 14th century England - remains to be one of the most widely known tales from Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer gives voice to this pilgrim woman at a time when Richard II's England was wrought with imbalance of power in the male dominated society. The purpose of this essay is to discern whether the Wife of Bath was an early feminist or not. She is commonly referred to as "the wife" and not her name - this is precisely the notion that she sets out to defy - that a woman, in a society, can only be identified by relation to a man, be it as a wife, mother, sister or a daughter.


This paper deals with design of the alternative secure Blockchain network framework to prevent damages from an attacker. The concept of the strategic alliance of the management is applied on the top of the recent developed stochastic game framework. This new enhanced hybrid theoretical model has been developed based on the combination of the conventional game theory, the fluctuation theory and the Blockchain Governance Game to find best strategies towards preparation for preventing a network malfunction from an attacker by making the strategic alliance with other genuine miners. Analytically tractable results for decision making parameters are fully obtained which enable to predict the moment for operations and deliver the optimal number of the alliance with other nodes to protect the Blockchain network. This research helps for whom considers the initial coin offering or launching new blockchain based services with enhancing the security features by alliance with the trusted miners within the decentralized network.


Direct conversion receiver is a well-known receiver architecture that enables small, low power and cheap radio. However, I/Q imbalance caused by non-orthogonality between in-phase component and quadrature-phase component from the imperfections of quadrature demodulator is a major problem in this architecture. In addition, carrier frequency offset (CFO) occurs as well. In this paper, we present a register transfer level (RTL) design of joint CFO and I/Q imbalance compensator. We verify that our system can compensate CFO from -500 Hz to 500 Hz when sampling rate is 9.6 kbps under the effect of I/Q imbalance.


Lipoxygenase are responsible for offensive grassy and green bean flavors which limit the wide utilization of soy protein products. This study was carried out to investigate the processing characteristics of soybean genotypes lacking lipoxygenase. Soybean curd made from soybeans with and without seed lipoxygenase showed nearly similar yield, while those sensory evaluation was better in lipoxygenase lacking lines than noramal one. Chemical composition of soybean curd also was similar between different genotypes, but total sugar content was higher in lipoxygenase lacking lines. Significant different quality of soymilk was showed by sensory test. The flavor and taste of soymilk were better in soybeans without seed lipoxygenase, although soymilk was made by two different processing methods. Therefore, in soybean breeding pro-gramme for food processing, lipoxygenase-lacking soybean genotypes could be useful economically and nutritionally.


Exercise intolerance and post‐exertion fatigueare common symptoms of individuals with mitochondrial dysfunction, and have recently been reported in veterans with unexplained fatigue. The goal of the present study was to assess direct (mtDNA damage) and indirect (cardiopulmonary exercise) measures of mitochondrial dysfunction in fatigued veterans. Twenty‐two(50.0±4.9 years) male veterans volunteered for this study. Each veteran completed general health questionnaire including following items: physical fatigue (44.7±13.8; Fatigue Severity Scale), physical activity questionnaire (1026.4±998.9 MET·min·wk−1), and smoking history (pack years 10.0±13.0). Each veteran provided peripheral blood mononuclear cells for total DNA extraction and mtDNA damage was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. All veterans completed two consecutive maximal exercise tests separated by 24 hours. During each exercise bout, the time of ventilatory threshold (VT) was identified using the v‐slope method. The time of VT was identified as an effort‐independent measure of exercise performance reflective of mitochondrial capacity. MtDNA damage was correlated with physical activity (r=0.54, p= 0.004), time of VT at second b out exercise (r=−0.65, p= 0.001), but was not correlated with pack years, fatigue severity or time of VT at first bout exercise. Using partial correlation by controlling for physical activity and pack years, mtDNA damage was correlated to time of VT at second bout exercise (r=−0.64, p= 0.004). This is the first study to describe mitochondrial dysfunction through the relationship between mtDNA damage and an earlier onset of VT in veterans with unexplained fatigue. This may indicate that post‐exertion fatigue may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction. This work may guide new diagnostic testing and treatments for veterans suffering from with unexplained fatigue.


Objective To explore the effects of inhibiting DDR2 expression by siRNA on hepatic stellate cells and evaluate the role of DDR2 gene in hepatic fibrogenesis. Methods (1) Three pairs of chemically synthesized siRNAs targeting DDR2 were respectively transfected into HSC-T6 cells for evaluation of silence efficacy, and the most effective siRNA was used. (2) HSC-T6 cells were divided into three groups, group A served as normal controls, group B served as negative control and group C was RNA interference DDR2 (siRNA-DDR2) expression of HSC. The most effective RNA interference sequences targeting DDR2 gene was chosen to transfect HSC-T6 cells by plasmid transfection. The tendency of DDR2, α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and collagen-Ⅰ mRNA expression were estimated using RT-PCR, and the protein expression of DDR2 was evaluated by Western blot. Meanwhile, MTT assay was employed to analyze the proliferation of HSC. Results (1) DDR2 siRNA, which began at nt 868, inhibited DDR2 gone expression stronger than the other two siRNAs. (2) After transfection of siRNA-DDR2, the mRNA expression of DDR2 (P<0.01) and α-SMA (P<0.01) significantly decreased compared with the normal group, and the protein expression of DDR2 also significantly decreased (P<0.01). In addition, the proliferation of HSC was also markedly suppressed as compared with the normal group (P<0.01). However, compared with the negative control group, none of them was markedly suppressed. Conclusion SiRNA targeting DDR2 significantly suppresses the activation, proliferation of HSC, and thus attenuates hepatic fibrogonesis in vitro.

Key words:
RNA interference;  Discoidin domain receptor 2;  Hepatic steUate cell;  Liver cirrhosis


This paper addresses the prevention of self-accelerating oxidation of nitric acid and tributyl phosphate (TBP). An accident of this type, which occurred at Tomsk-7, Russia, in 1993, resulted from a slow chemical reaction occurring initially at sub-boiling temperatures. The accumulating heat and vapors overpressurized and burst a process tank. Two safety issues are addressed in this summary of experimental data: circumstances under which convection or radiation cooling of vessels will exceed reaction heat, and measures which can prevent or mitigate such reactions. Heat generations rates have been found to range widely. Thermodynamic calculations confirm that heat generation is reduced by a large factor when nitrogen oxides are able to escape from the reaction mixure. Scoping calculations show that the evaporation of water is potentially the most effective mechanism for heat removal in a large vessel, and experiments have demonstrated that water evaporation is effective for preventing runaway reactions in a vented, two-phase system operated below about 120 C. These data indicate that venting is the key to controlling runaway reactions. However, other experiments have indicated that the self-heating reaction did not present a danger, even if reaction heating led to an accelerating reaction, in a sufficiently vented system. To determinemore » how much venting was required, experiments were performed with pure organic phase and two-phase TBP-nitric acid mixtures. Data show a critical ratio of organic mass to vent area, above which the reacting system can reach potentially dangerous pressures. Experiments show runaway reactions occurring in vented systems only as the temperature approaches 130 C. These results clearly indicate that adequate venting of vessels containing heated TBP and nitrate is the key to controlling their reaction.« less


We calculate the effect of bulkand surface-plasmon dispersion and damping on satellite .strengths in photoelectron spectra in x-ray photoemission from core levels of metals. The calculation reveals an appreciable reduction in satellite intensities when compared with predictions of previous dispersionless infinite-lifetime models. Comparison with experimental data shows good agreement for the value of the mean free path for short-range processes and the shapes of satellite lines in the spectra.


Summary Mg2+-dependent and Ca2+-ATPases were isolated from human term placentas. The Mg2+ -dependent ATPase activity was partially inhibited by the absence of Na+ or K+ from the incubation medium or the presence of ouabain (0.1 mM) or ethacrynic acid (5 mM). This Mg2+- dependent, ouabain-sensitive enzyme has a pH optimum near 7.4–7.5, and a substrate specificity for ATP > ITP = GTP. The Mg2+ -dependent ATPases were compared with a Ca2+-ATPase, which has a pH optimum above 8.0 and was not inhibited by the absence of Na+ or K+ or the presence of ouabain, but was inhibited by ethacrynic acid. The investigators gratefully acknowledge the kind assistance of the physicians and nursing staffs from the Obstetrics Departments of the Alice Peck Day Memorial Hospital, Lebanon, NH and the Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital, Hanover, NH.


Vapor-exposure test cell (VETC) designed to be used in testing thin-film electrodes on solid electrolytes electrochemically at high temperature. Use of VETC much simpler and less expensive than testing alkali-metal thermal-to-electric converter (AMTEC) fuel cell, electrolysis cell, or other entire device containing solid electrolyte and electrodes of material and configuration to be characterized.


This paper introduces the process and effect of technology transform of Shanjiaoshu Coal Mine fully_mechanized coal winning face unit face spraying and dust fall.


We use a laboratory experiment to investigate the extent to which leaders---faced with opportunistic incentives---employ monitoring to improve team production. Participants are assigned to teams, with one person appointed as the leader. The leader has the power to commit to a monitoring option, which replaces the default equal sharing rule with one that distributes team revenue in proportion to individual investments. Additionally, the leader can announce a claim to a portion of the team revenue, which is paid before shares are distributed. Theoretically, there are multiple equilibria involving monitoring and full investment, characterized by the largest claim the non-leaders are willing to cede to the leader. We appeal to fairness concerns and repeated interaction in order to provide sharper predictions that pivot around a `fair claim'. In the experiments, leaders are mostly unsuccessful at increasing team production as they claim too much or forgo the monitoring option too often, especially when it is costly to monitor. When there is no cost, nearly half of the leaders successfully increase team production towards full investment, by relying on constant monitoring and resisting the temptation to issue unfair claims. These results highlight the potential for opportunistic incentives to undermine efficiency-enhancing leadership, even when the leader can commit to her decisions.


IBM's high end computers, models 820 and 900 of the ES9000 systems, use one of the most advanced substrates to achieve their high ultimate performance. These substrates are fabricated using a multilayer ceramic (MLC) process based on a specially developed ceramic green sheet. The author discusses the development of the green sheet, emphasizing the importance of the polymeric binder system that provides a very stable sheet insuring the alignment of millions of vias and internal interconnections. Green sheet binder formulations are reviewed, illustrating the contribution of the solvents in controlling sheet microporosity. The continuous casting process used in sheet preparation, slurry rheology, and green sheet properties is described.<<ETX>>


Abstract : Detailed computations and data analysis using an algorithm for allocating testing time, when using regression and unit weights respectively, are presented, using data especially selected to illustrate how these techniques overcome the major difficulties, both computational and methodological, that may arise in such analyses. Several further sets of data are analyzed to compare the composite scale correlations obtained with a criterion using combinations of original or optimal time allocations and unit or optimal weights for homogeneous subscales. The primary purpose of this paper is to show how time allocation methodology can be used to investigate certain important substantive questions. Some evidence is found to suggest that for certain applications the gain from using optimal lengths and optimal weights instead of original lengths and unit weights for subtests may be worthwhile. It is found that the use of the optimal time procedure with unit weights sometimes leads to results that are nearly as satisfactory as optimal times with regression weights. Finally, some evidence is found to suggest that quite different time allocations may be required for different subgroups. (Author)


Abstract Late Roman masculinity required dominance and control and favoured violent hierarchies. Yet scholars of early Christian martyr acts and ascetic literature frequently observe ambivalence or deviation from this norm. Rather than accumulate more and more exceptions to the traditional ideal (which was never really singular anyway) or continue collecting variations on this model of masculinity, the following essay seeks to shift the model by introducing a notion of masculinity as a plan of escape from vulnerability, not as a state of affairs or set of traits. Treating masculinity as a trajectory and a necessarily volatile process allows us to accommodate all the ambivalence and variety that has already been observed, because flight is always volatile, because human beings trying to be invulnerable is impossible, and because in the late Roman world, that plan of escape passed through a bottleneck of submission to specific other already-sovereign males. I illustrate the notion of masculinity as flight from vulnerability on the basis of an example of ascetic instruction between master and disciple known as the Teachings of Silvanus, tracing a jumbled narrative arc starting with intolerable vulnerability, passing through indulgence in submission and devotion, to the promise of total sovereignty. I wish to suggest that treating vulnerability as intolerable and fleeing from it is what is at the root of late ancient masculinity.


This study aims to determine the effectiveness of biologylearning media based Panca Yadnya religious ceremony in delivering students competent in the field of biology. The research method used is quasi-experiment research method, with the design of Non-equivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The experimental group was given treatment with the learning media based on based Panca Yadnya religious ceremony. The control group was given the treatment of learning media in biology texbooks. After the treatment, a post-test was conducted on each group with the same instrument. The research was conducted in the neighborhood of Kukuh Village and in the Secondary School 2 Marga. The sample in this research is the students of class VII A as the experimental class and the students of class VII B as the control class. The data collected in the form of data achievement learning science biology of students. Data were collected by written test. The data obtained are then analyzed descriptively and t-test statistic. All tests were conducted with significance of 0.05. T-test is done with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 23. The results show that the biology learning media based Panca Yadnya religious ceremony very effective in delivering students competent in the field of biology. This conclusion is based on the significant difference in the mean score of students' achievement in biology of the experimental group that is superior to the control group students.


Because of their large electroabsorption effect, optical modulators made with MQWs are attractive candidates for external modulators in optical fiber systems.' However, it was recently pointed out that phase modulation accompanying the intensity modulation could lead to frequency broadening of the optical beam leaving the modulator.2 Such broadening has been observed In semiconductor lasers and is known as chirp.3


Simple Summary Afatinib is an irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used to treat patients with advanced EGFR-mutant lung cancer. In this study, we retrospectively enrolled patients with lung adenocarcinomas harboring susceptible EGFR mutations, who were diagnosed and treated with first-line afatinib in three Kaohsiung Medical University-affiliated hospitals. Patients who received local consolidative therapy (LCT) had a significantly longer PFS than those who did not. Patients who received LCT also had significantly longer OS. Multivariable analysis showed LCT was an independent prognostic factor for improved PFS and OS. The analyses using propensity score-weighting showed consistent results. We conclude that LCT may improve clinical outcomes, in terms of PFS and OS, in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas who are treated with first-line afatinib. Further large-scale prospective trials are warranted. Abstract Afatinib is an irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is utilized for the treatment of patients with advanced lung cancer that harbors EGFR mutations. No studies have evaluated the clinical efficacy of LCT in patients treated with first-line afatinib. In this study, we retrospectively enrolled patients with advanced lung adenocarcinomas harboring susceptible EGFR mutations who were diagnosed and treated with first-line afatinib in three hospitals. A total of 254 patients were enrolled, including 30 (12%) patients who received LCT (15 patients received definitive radiotherapy for the primary lung mass and 15 patients received curative surgery). Patients who received LCT had a significantly longer PFS than those who did not (median PFS: 32.8 vs. 14.5 months, p = 0.0008). Patients who received LCT had significantly longer OS than those who did not (median OS: 67.1 vs. 34.5 months, p = 0.0011). Multivariable analysis showed LCT was an independent prognostic factor for improved PFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.44 [0.26–0.73], p = 0.0016) and OS (aHR [95% CI]: 0.26 [0.12–0.54], p = 0.0004). The analyses using propensity score-weighting showed consistent results. We conclude that LCT may improve clinical outcomes, in terms of PFS and OS, in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas who are treated with first-line afatinib.


The present paper deals with the three new integral formulas involving the extended generalized hypergeometric function and are expressed in term of the generalized hypergeometric functions. Some important particular cases involving the extended Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions are also pointed out. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 33B15, 33B20, 33C05, 33C20.


Youth with disabilities lag behind their peers in participating in postsecondary education, which adversely affects employment options and career earnings. Yet little is known about factors affecting participation. Particularly problematic is the relative importance of disability-related factors—the primary focus of special education and services—and traditional predictors of college going, such as parental education, economic resources, and academic achievement in high school. This study found that for youth with disabilities, the traditional predictors of college going are more important than disability-related factors for enrolling in universities; disability-related factors are slightly more important for enrolling in postsecondary vocational education. A discussion of implications for service planning and implementation is presented.


Systems containing semiconducting nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention in recent years [1±22] and are particularly interesting for optoelectronic applications [4, 9±11]. Due to their narrow gap energy of 0.41 eV at 300 K, light electron and hole masses and large Bohr radii of 9 nm, PbS nanoparticles exhibit stronger quantum size effect and larger third-order non-linear susceptibility than other semiconductors [9, 13, 16, 19±31]. Recently, PbS nanoparticles have been synthesized in liquid media, coatings, glasses and xerogels [16, 17, 20±28, 32]. Until now, stabilized PbS colloids with ®ne structured absorption spectra have been obtained in aqueous and methanolic solutions and ®lms in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and in xerogels with [N(2-aminoethyl)3aminopropyl)]-triethoxysilane [21±27, 32±34]. Other polymers such as ethylene-15% methacrylic-acid copolymer (E-MAA) [17], sodium polyphosphate [23] and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [23] could stabilize PbS nanoparticles only for a short time or with less structured absorption due to the broad size distribution. It has been believed that the synthesis conditions for PbS nanoparticles exhibiting ®nestructured absorption are critical and that they can only be obtained in aqueous or methanolic media of Pb(ClO4)2 or Pb(CH3COO)2 in the presence of PVA [27]. Any variation from the above critical conditions such as replacing the solvent with ethanol or using another stabilizer will lead to colloids without ®ne structures [27]. Until now, there has been no report about the stabilization of PbS colloids having ®ne-structured absorption in ethanol using other stabilizers such as hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). In the literature, HPC has been used as a viscosityincreasing agent for sol±gel processing [35] and as a steric stabilizer for TiO2 and ZrO2 gel powders [36] and ZnS nanoparticles [37]. In this letter, the stabilization of PbS nanoparticles in ethanolic solution using HPC is reported. The absorption spectra of the colloidal solutions and the time dependence of emission are investigated. A 0.01 M Pb2‡ ethanolic solution was prepared by diluting 0.3 ml Pb(ClO4)2 aqueous solution (50% in water, 1.7 M, Fluka) into 50 ml of ethanol. Fifty ml of 2.0 wt % HPC (molecular weight 100 000, Aldrich) ethanolic solution, 1.0 ml of 0.01 M Pb2‡ solution and 49 ml of pure ethanol were mixed by vigorously stirring at room temperature in an ambient atmosphere. After stirring for 10 min, 1 ml of H2S gas was injected into the above mixtures with a syringe leading to a wine-red PbS colloidal solution. Thin ®lms were dip-coated on fused silica glass from the above solution. They were dried at room temperature in an ambient atmosphere before characterization. Absorption spectra were taken at room temperature using a Hitachi U3000 spectrophotometer with a 10 mm fused silica cuvette. Emission spectra were recorded by means of a Hitachi F-3010 ̄uorescence spectrophotometer excited at 460 nm by a 150 W Xe lamp. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were carried out in a Siemens D500 diffractometer by CuKá radiation using è-2è powder scanning method from 2è ˆ 208 to 608 with a step of 0.018. XRD samples were prepared by evaporating ethanol from the PbS solution under a pressure below 1 3 10 Pa at 50 8C. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) investigations were performed by means of a Philips CM 200 ®eld emission gun (FEG) transmission electron microscope with a Schottky-type FEG generating the beam of energy up to 200 keV. Samples were prepared by dipping a copper grid coated with carbon ®lm in the asprepared PbS ethanolic colloids. Optical spectra of the PbS colloids exhibit three absorption peaks at 573 nm (2.16 eV), 372 nm (3.34 eV) and 282 nm (4.40 eV) with an absorption on-set at 625 nm (1.98 eV) due to the strong quantum con®nement effect (Fig. 1a). The tremendous increase of absorption from spectrum 4 to structured spectra 1±3 is caused by PbS nanoparticle formation. These ®ne-structured peaks are similar to those of PbS colloids stabilized by PVA in an aqueous and methanolic solution, suggesting the characteristic optical property of narrow-sized PbS nanoparticles [23]. However, the peak heights and positions are different from other systems, indicating a different size and size distribution, according to Gallardo [23]. The peaks are attributed to the electronic transitions between the split energy levels of PbS nanoparticles: 1sh ! 1se, 1ph ! 1pe [19] and 1dh ! 1de [18], respectively (Fig. 1b). Here, electron transitions allowed by the selection rules, i.e., Äl ˆ 0, Äm ˆ 0 and Än 6ˆ 0, are presented (in the absence of Coulomb interaction). If the Coulomb Present address: Department of Ceramic and Materials Engineer ing, Olin Hall, P.O. Box 340907, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 0907, USA.


The paper shows how Multiplicative Finite Impulse Response (MFIR) filter structures can be used to implement digital linear phase low pass filters with a very narrow transition band and a high stop band attenuation in state of the art low-end FPGA technology. A digital Intermediate Frequency (IF) filter for a TV-tuner test bench is used as a reference design. The design procedure and the hardware requirements are presented. The paper concludes that the MFIR filter structures allow the design of demanding filters, while traditional linear phase FIR filters with equivalent characteristics would require significantly more hardware resources.


This paper discusses the transportation process in the state of South Dakota. It is first provided that every state has 2 fundamental planning elements, even though the specific names of the elements might vary somewhat: a statewide transportation improvement program (STIP) and a statewide intermodal long-range plan (SILRP). The development of and the elements comprising the STIP process in South Dakota are outlined. The long-range plan components of the South Dakota SILRP are listed.


THE knowledge of the so-called new birth control methods has been shared with the public with a haste that seems almost unparalleled in medical history. The daily press, the weekly news periodicals, the romantic magazines of the newsstands, even staid financial journals have published articles in their own particular styles or from their own particular points of view. It will be a little difficult then to present to this professional group any startling developments that you may not have already picked up, if not in scientific journals, then over your breakfast coffee. Yet an opportunity remains to correct some of the optimism, or at least the oversimplification, which seems an essential part of most introductory articles for the lay reader. The new methods of birth control have brought with them special problems of application, of acceptability, of reliability, and sometimes of unwanted side effects. Much work on evaluation remains to be done and much research is required for the perfection of technics which are perhaps still in the early stages of their development. It is then the subject of the more pressing problems which still need to be solved that will be discussed in this presentation. A number of contraceptive technics which have been practiced widely for several decades, or indeed perhaps for several centuries, have recently acquired the slightly amusing, but still honorable, title of "traditional methods." These, as social and economic conditions change, continue to create their own new aspects of interest, but there is no space for them here. This presentation must be limited to four methods, none perhaps very new but each currently somewhat controversial: the safe period; the pill which suppresses ovulation; the intrauterine device and, I would like to add, surgical sterilization.


This paper reviews different packaging waste management systems in the member states of the EU, organized as Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) systems. The principle of responsible waste management in EU is influenced by policy goals and assignments. Individual member states must ensure that set waste management goals are met. The individual Member States comply with these goals using different regulatory instruments as EU does not set how these goals are to be achieved. Therefore, there are various systems in individual countries that achieve different results. Topic of this paper offers unique opportunity to compare efficiency of different regulatory tools in each country. There are two major groups into which this paper categorizes individual packaging waste management systems: monopolistic systems, and competitive systems. Comparison of results and cost effectiveness of individual packaging waste management systems helps to seek optimal organization of packaging waste utilization systems.


The present invention relates to the cosmetic use of a N-acyl sarcosinate of the formula (I) as an agent preventing or reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on the surface of the skin and / or mucous membranes, in particular of Staphylococcus aureus.Elle also relates to a cosmetic process for preventing and / or reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on a skin with impaired barrier function comprising applying to the skin of persons with impaired barrier function, a composition comprising at least one sarcosinate of formula (I) .It also provides the use of at least one sarcosinate of formula (I) for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and / or treating atopic dermatitis.


Within the delinquency literature, previous research shows that two separate traditions exist regarding differential treatment relative to sex. These traditions are contradictory in their description of how agencies and institutions respond to the indiscretions of male and female adolescents. This study differs from previous work in that it examines a number of distinct agencies and institutions to determine whether they respond differently to the indiscretions of male and female adolescents. Specifically, the study examines the sanctioning patterns of the family, school, police, and courts. Apparently, no study has assessed the differential processing issue from this broad perspective.


This paper presents the use of Extended Modified Lambert Beer (EMLB) model for quantification of transcutaneous blood oxygen saturation (S t O 2 ) via a noninvasive approach. Continuous wave (CW) reflectance spectroscopy system is employed for measurement of intensity reflected from left index finger of an Asian nonsmoking volunteer at resting condition. Multispectral images captured in the wavelength range of 520 − 600 nm at an interval of 10 nm are mathematically analyzed and fitted using the developed fitting algorithm to give the best estimation of S t O 2 . The result from this preliminary study revealed a mean S t O 2 value of 75 ± 5% for the participating individual, which value agreed considerably well with that presented in previous works. This work concluded that the developed spectroscopy system and quantification technique can potentially be used as an alternative means to clinical assessment of wound healing progress


This article describes the clinical, biochemical and genetic features of hereditary angioedema (HAE) with normal level and functional activity of C1 esterase inhibitor. The discussion includes pathogenesis, diagnostics and case management of patients with hereditary angioedema without C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. The materials of few scientific sources about patients with HAE without C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency in stages and our own clinical case (the female patient of fertile age with a confirmed mutation associated with factor XII (Hageman) deficiency) was given. The article describes the current state of the issue of the algorithm of primary diagnostics and differential diagnostics of HAE without C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency based on international and Russian data. It has been suggested that the new understanding of pathogenesis and treatment of patients with HAE without C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency is encouraging and becoming accessible to the medical society.


Conceptual and applied studies assessing the linkage between economic freedom and corruption expect that economic freedom boosts economic growth, improves income, and reduces levels of corruption. However, most of them have concentrated on developed and developing groups, while the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries have drawn much less attention. Empirical findings are most often conflicting. Moreover, previous studies performed rather simple frequentist techniques regressing one or some freedom indices on corruption that do not allow for grasping all the aspects of economic freedom as well as capturing variations across countries. The study aims to investigate the effects of ten components of economic freedom index on the level of corruption in ten ASEAN countries from 1999 to 2018. By applying a Bayesian hierarchical mixed-effects regression via a Monte Carlo technique combined with the Gibbs sampler, the obtained results suggest several findings as follows: (i) In view of probability, the predictors property rights, government integrity, tax burden, business freedom, labor freedom, and investment freedom have a strongly positive impact on the response perceived corruption index; (ii) Government spending, trade freedom, and financial freedom exert a strongly negative effect, while the influence of monetary freedom is ambiguous; and (iii) There is an existence of not only random intercepts but also random coefficients at the country level impacting the model outcome. The empirical outcome could be of major importance for more efficient corruption controlling in emerging countries, including ASEAN nations.


More and more focus on the people management and HR strategy has generated a new term of the Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. This is the specific to the organizational environment. This study tried to find out the impact of the various determinants of this type of behaviour. The study identifies, interprets and analyses the factors influencing the behaviour and the quantum of their impact on the organizational citizenship amongst its people.


A review with 15 reterences is given on a lot of animal and clinical intervention trials which are related to the relationship between microelement and cardiovascular disease.These research testify that anti-oxidizing microelement could resist the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and decrease the aggregation of blood platelet through participating the composition of anti-oxidase and synergism,thereby prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular disease with anti-oxidizing vitamin together.


Although both betweenness and closeness centrality are claimed to be important for the effectiveness of someone's network position, it has not been comprehensively studied which networks emerge if actors strive to optimize their centrality in the network in terms of betweenness and closeness. We study each of these centrality measures separately, but we also analyze what happens if actors value betweenness and closeness simultaneously. Network dynamics differ considerably in a scenario with either betweenness or closeness incentives compared with a scenario in which closeness and betweenness incentives are combined. There are not only more stable networks if actors' betweenness and closeness are combined, but also these stable networks are less stylized.


The direct solid state polycondensation (DSSP) reaction of tetramethylenediammonium and hexamethylenediammonium terephthalate (4 T and 6 T salts) in a laboratory scale autoclave reactor was investigated. The autoclave reactor is 3 orders of magnitude larger than the TGA micro-reactor we used previously. The larger scale reactor allows more extensive analyses such as analysis of the formed condensate by titration and allows investigation of operating conditions that are important on industrial scale, such as batch (closed system) versus semibatch (open system) operation and flow of nitrogen used. Comparing the two scales has given important insight into the parameters that are important in scaling-up direct solid-state polycondensation. Furthermore, the effect of scaling up on the quality of the final semiaromatic polyamide products was determined, by comparing the obtained thermal properties, the solution viscosity and the end-group concentrations obtained by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. When operating the open reactor with a gentle nitrogen stream, the results show that products of similar properties were obtained from the micro and the laboratory scale reactors if critical parameters like temperature and pressure time profile were kept the same. The solid character of the reacting mass was retained only when maintaining the reactor at atmospheric pressure, allowing the condensation water to be removed. When keeping the autoclave reactor closed, both polyamide (PA) products (i.e., PA4T and PA6T) were agglomerated as a result of a solid melt transition (SMT) during the direct solid state polycondensation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45080.


The new 3D turntable can measure the loudspeaker′s vertical directional characteristic,and any angle of loudspeaker′s frequency response.The loudspeaker′s 3D polar radion measurements are designed and loudspeaker′s balloon model is defined by AES56—2008.According to this standard,3D polar radion measurement is provided.And it compares with the measurement of normal directional measurement.


The invention relates to a seafood steamed dumpling stuffing and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: selecting sleeve-fish as a main raw material, assisting with pork for condiment, mixing potato starch, salt, soybean protein, granulated sugar, monosodium glutamate, white pepper, ginger, sesame oil, oyster sauce, soy, common onion, lentinus edodes, bamboo shoot, big white scallion and water and making. The seafood steamed dumpling stuffing has low heat and no greasiness, is added with various vegetables, has the tender and crisp mouth feel of thesleeve-fish, also has the soft mouth feel of pork and has rich mouth feel and delicious taste. Simultaneously, compared with the prior art, the method for making the seafood steamed dumpling stuffinggreatly enhances the retention rate of the nutrition of the vegetables after being processed. The invention has reasonable preparation technique, strong operability and easy realization of large-scale production.


Introduction: Radial head is considered the second main stabiliser of the elbow in valgus, after the medial collateral ligament. In the event of a coronoid fracture, or a deficient medial collateral ligament, or a disrupted lateral collateral ligament, radial head is the main stabilizer of the elbow. It is due to the key role that radial head plays in the stability of the elbow that surgeons have increasingly tried to conserve the radial head1. Isolated radial head fractures constitute about 5.4% of all fractures and 33% of all elbow fractures. The management of radial head fractures depends on the degree of comminution, displacement, free intra articular fragments, the percentage of articular surface involved and the angulations between the radial neck and shaft of radius. Radial head replacement with metallic implants can be used to treat irreparable radial head fractures. Method: From a period of 2012–2014, 5 patients who underwent radial head replacement for irreparable radial head fractureswere taken up for the study and evaluated. Of the patients, 4 patients presented with comminuted radial head  fracture associated with elbow dislocation. Of which one patient had bilateral radial head fractures on one side associated with an elbowdislocation which was subjected to replacement and included in the study. All patients were followedup clinically and radiographically. Mean follow up of the group is 20.8 months (shortest 12 months, longest 30 months). The outcomewas based on Mayo Elbow Performance Scoring. Result: On the basis of Mayo Elbow Performance Scores, 2 patients had excellent results; 3 patients had good results. None of the patients had elbow instability following radial head replacement. The prostheses were found to be well fixed and none had any signs of infection. Conclusion: The treatment of irreparable radial head fractures with primary radial head replacement using metal prosthesis and surrounding soft tissue reconstruction provided satisfactory results. Proper technique, correct implant, early mobilization are important for the final outcome and restoration of function.


Since this laboratory has been much involved in studies on the mechanism of ribosome-linked protein synthesis, it became attractive to explore the biosynthesis of antibiotic polypeptides, which seems of a type different from and probably more primitive than the ribosomal process. Reports from a number of laboratories indicated this synthesis to proceed in particle-free RNase-treated bacterial extracts and to be insensitive to protein synthesis inhibitors such as puromycin.'-6 After casting about for a suitable system, we settled on the use of B. brevis extracts similar to those used by Berg et al.7 and Tomino et al.8 for biosynthesis of the cyclic decapeptide gramicidin S, which consists of a repeat of a pentapeptide sequence (Fig. 1). Using B. brevis (ATCC 9999) we were able to obtain active cell-free biosynthesis of antibiotic peptide, and concentrated on the exploration of amino acid activation. Amino acid-dependent adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-PP,32 exchanges have been demonstrated in extracts of antibioticproducing bacteria, but their relationship to antibiotic biosynthesis was not unambiguously shown.8' 9 However, an L-diaminobutyric acid-dependent ATP-PP,32 exchange was found in extracts of a strain of B. polymyxa that synthesizes polymyxin.-10 1 By gel filtration, enzyme fractions were obtained that catalyzed ATP-PP132 exchanges dependent on the five constituent amino acids of gramicidin S, including L-ornithine. These activities were distinguished from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and appear to be related to antibiotic biosynthesis. In the presence of Ior D-phenylalanine, but not in that of the other amino acids, an ATPC14-adenosine 5'-phosphate (AMP) exchange was observed, possibly indicating a transfer of this amino acid to a carrier. Materials and Methods.-Preparation of enzyme fractions: A gramicidin S-producing strain of B. brevis (ATCC 9999) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. The organism was grown at 370, with vigorous stirring and aeration, in 16 liters of a synthetic medium12 to which no amino acids other than i-glutamate had been added. When the optical density at 650 my (1-cm light path) was 0.8, the cells (27 gm) were harvested in a cooled Sharples centrifuge, washed twice with 5 mM MgCl2, pH 7.0, and L-Leu resuspended in 0.25 vol of medium (buffer A) L-Orn -Phe containing 0.02 M triethanolamine, 0.01 M "I MgC12, 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), and 0.25 L-Va LPro mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), t I all at pH 7.5. The paste was passed through L-Pro L-Val a cooled French press and immediately / diluted with 9 vol of buffer A. This was D-Phe L-Orn centrifuged at 30,000 X g for 20 min in the cold, LLeu and then at 100,000 X g for 60 min. The supernatant was brought to 1% with streptoFIG. 1.-Gramicidin S.


While economic sanctions often have failed to accomplish policy concessions from the target state, scholars argue that policymakers still have an incentive to use sanctions due to their signaling effects. While empirical evidence is mixed regarding the use of sanctions as a signal of commitment, relatively little attention has been paid whether capitulating signals the lack of sender commitment. We argue that targets perceive senders that backdown frequently as "chickens" and, hence, they are less likely to acquiesce in sanction episodes by that sender. Through statistical tests, we examine the effects of previous and total backdowns on sender reputation via future sanction success. Results imply that senders should be wary of having chicken reputations, although targets look at different reputations depending on the development of the current sanctions episode.


A novel neural network model, the projection neural network, is developed to overcome three key drawbacks of backpropagation-trained neural networks (BPNN), i.e., long training times, the large number of nodes required to form closed regions for classification of high-dimensional problems and the lack of modularity. This network combines advantages of hypersphere classifiers, such as the restricted Coulomb energy (RCE) network, radial basis function methods, and BPNN. It provides the ability to initialize nodes to serve either as hyperplane separators or as spherical prototypes (radial basis functions), followed by a modified gradient descent error minimization training of the network weights and thresholds, which adjusts the prototype positions and sizes and may convert closed prototype decision boundaries to open boundaries, and vice versa. The network can provide orders of magnitude decrease in the required training time over BPNN and a reduction in the number of required nodes. Theory and examples are given.<<ETX>>


Abstract This paper aims to investigate how high-tech companies improve their weaknesses through partner relationship management to maximize their supply chain performance. Through literature review, four constructs of the research are obtained, namely information sharing, e-process, partner relationship management, and supply chain performance. Based on these constructs, we develop the research structure, hypotheses, and a questionnaire. We then administer the questionnaire to executives in Taiwan's high-tech industries and analyze their responses using confirmatory factory analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to validate the proposed structure and hypotheses. Results indicate that information sharing has positive influence on partner relationship management and supply chain performance; e-Process has positive influence on partner relationship management and supply chain performance; finally, partner relationship management has positive influence on supply chain performance. Overall, through information sharing and use of e-process, enterprises can enhance the closeness of their relationship with partners to increase their own competitiveness and maximize supply chain performance. Therefore, high-tech companies can use the above findings as a reference to establish win-win partnerships and enhance their supply chain performance.


Single molecular nanoparticles (SMNPs) integrating imaging and therapeutic capabilities exhibit unparalleled advantages in cancer theranostics, ranging from excellent biocompatibility, high stability, prolonged blood lifetime to abundant tumor accumulation. Herein, we synthesize a sophisticated porphyrin nanocage that is further functionalized by twelve polyethylene glycol arms to prepare SMNPs (porSMNPs). The porphyrin nanocage embedded in porSMNPs can be utilized as a theranostic platform. Positron emission tomography imaging provides dynamic biodistribution of porSMNPs, confirming their excellent circulation time and preferential accumulation at the tumor site attributing to the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Moreover, the cage structure significantly promotes the photosensitizing effect of porSMNs by inhibiting the π-π stacking interactions of the photosensitizers, ablating of the tumors without relapse by taking advantage of photodynamic therapy. A sophisticated porphyrin nanocage is synthesized, which can be utilized as a functional platform to develop single molecular nanoparticles. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and photodynamic therapy demonstrate their superior capability in cancer nanotheranostics attributing to the unique topological structure of the porphyrin nanocage. This study paves a distinctive way to fabricate smart nanomaterials as cancer theranostics. Graphical Abstract Yu et al. Page 2 Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 June 24. A uhor M anscript


This paper compares and analyzes three popular phishing website detection methods, i.e., text mining based model, configuration file matching model, machine learning classifier model. Based on the URL, HTML and other peripheral information characteristics of the phishing website, the paper adopted machine learning method and designed a set of phishing website detection and recognition program based on Naive Bayes algorithm. Experiments show that the program can identify phishing websites in a timely, fast and effective manner, and can provide a certain reference for combating phishing practice.


Public Art in modern urban environment makes the city beautiful and elegant and combines people closely with the city living in.Nowadays,Public Art has gradually entered people's vision and developed fast. What I want to explicate is this:Publicity and Aesthetic the basic properties of Public Art in modern urban environment;Attentions paid to the integrity and compatibility of modern urban Public Art construction;the shortage and prospect of Public Art in our country's modern urban environment.


Aim: This study aimed to identify the most common mistakes made during pelvic radiography in pediatric patients and to give advice to physicians and technicians on how to avoid these mistakes.
Material and Method:Between 2016 and 2020, 1150 pelvic radiographs (in pediatric patients for any reason) were analyzed by two independent orthopaedic surgeons. Radiographs taken in trauma patients were not included in the study due to the patient's discomfort and agitation. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability for radiographic measurements were determined using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) obtained from three replicate sets of measurements on a sample of 1150 radiographs recorded by each observer at least one week apart.
Results: The mean age of the patients included in this study was 4.28±3.86 (range: 0-14) years. Of the 1150 patients, 935 (81.30%) were female and 215 (18.69%) were male. When pediatric pelvic radiographs were evaluated, the most common mistake was made during gonad protection. It was found that 71.22% of the patients' gonads could not be protected. While this rate was 82.24% in female patients, this rate was 23.34% in male patients. There was a statistically significant difference when compared by gender (p= 0.015). Giving the malposition was the second most common mistake.
Conclusion: The most common errors in pediatric pelvic radiographs are failure to provide gonad protection and malposition of the patient. To minimize these errors, it is necessary to inform both the doctor and the technician.