Objective To explore the selection of indicator to judge the severity of hepatic ischemic and reperfusion injury(IRI).Methods Local warm hepatic IRI model was established routinely in rat.The serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) levels were determined and specimens were sent for pathologlical test at time of 0,1,2,4,6,12,24,48 h of reperfusion,after ischemic time of 60 and 90 min respectively.The rats were re-grouped into 4 groups of different severity according to the grading systems for IRI used in our institute,and the relationship between ALT level and pathological changes was analyzed.Results After 60 min of ischemia time,there was mild IRI in 75%,intermediate IRI in 14.6% and severe IRI in 10.4% of rats,respectively.After 90 min of ischemia!time,there was mild IRI in 41.7%,intermediate IRI in 25%,severe IRI in 16.7%,very severe IRI in 16.7% of rats respectively.The results showed that the more severe the degree of IRI,the higher rate of the cell death,and the higher of the ALT value.Conclusions The serum ALT level can directly reflect the severity of IRI.The more severe the degree of IRI,the higher was the ALT level,and the higher was the cell death rate.


Contributing to the composition of written and iconographic discourses of an identity nature, archaeology has sometimes played a determining role in the development of local communities. This capacity should be deepened by helping to deconstruct myths and recover memories, thus favouring the proximity and harmony between territory, citizen, community, production of scientific and heritage knowledge and sustainable development of different populations and geographies. However, it is an involvement that requires a growing and continuous effort of citizenship, especially by those who, in a university context and aware of the implications of the practice of a demanding 'citizen science', should encourage the development and implementation of innovative projects aimed at meeting some of the 'Millennium Development Goals' and the 'Agenda 2030' itself. We therefore propose to debate, based on a specific case of the Évora region, to what extent the history of archaeology itself, as a university discipline, can – and should, in our opinion – contribute to the intersection between archaeology, territory, community, memory and local development, going beyond the mere – but necessary – conceptual domain


Objective To study the main influencing factors of body temperature for low weight infants with jaundice in treatment of interval blue phototherapy in incubator.MethodMake Excel trend graph on body temperature for low weight infants with jaundice in treatment of interval blue phototherapy in incubator and incubator temperature.Take correlation coefficient analysis on different time period and temperature.ResultTwo-axis line chart graph of body temperature and incubator temperature shows two lines with different direction and crossed track.Body temperature rise in light period has positive correlation to time,r=0.997,P0.05.Interim period has negative correlation,r=-0.98,P0.05.Conclusion Body temperature for low weight infants in treatment of interval blue phototherapy in incubator has the character of rising by the light period lasts and reducing by the interim period lasts.The main influencing factor is the radiant heat of blue light.


In order to determine the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, 506 samples of drinking water, surface water, and ground water were studied in the province of Chaco, Argentina. One hundred and ninety one isolates of Enterobacteriaceae Family members were obtained. The most frequent specie was Escherichia coli and it showed the highest rate of acquired resistance, being the β-lactams the most affected antibiotics. The findings of the present work suggest that the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in aquatic ecosystems of Chaco may contribute to the environmental dissemination of antibiotic resistance.


Purpose To investigate the influence on the determination of Alliinase activity of the different purities of Alliin as the substrate.Was compared the Alliinase activity when catalysis reaction was conducted at the temperature of 25,35,37 ℃.And was established the feasible method for determination of Alliinase activity.Methods HPLC method was used to detect the decrease of Alliin for calculating the Alliinase activity.Results As substrate,the purity of Alliin should not be less than 90%.And 35 ℃ was the optimal catalysis temperature for determination of Alliinase activity.Conclusion A method for determination of Alliinase activity was developed.


Objective To investigate correlations between expression of MMP2 and clinicalbiological characteristics,to analyze the relationship with invasion,metastasis and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.Methods High sensitive S-P immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of MMP-2 and MVD in 62 cases of NSCLC and 12 cases of para-cancerous normal lung tissues.To study the relationships between their expressions and histological types of NSCLC,Tumor size,TNM stages,differentiations,lymph node metastasis and their correlations each other.Results The positive rates of MMP-2 expression was 62.9% in NSCLC,which was dramatically higher than that in a normal tissues(16.7%)(P0.05).The expressions of MMP-2 and MVD was significantly correlated in NSCLC to TNM stage,differentiations and lymph node metastasis(P0.05).It was no relationship with the histological types and tumor size of NSCLC(P0.05).MMP-2 play important roles in non-small cell lung cancer procession,especially in tumor metastasis.MMP-2 have intimate relationship with MVD.Conclusion MMP-2 and MVD may be good preditors of metastasis and prognostic evaluation for NSCLC patients.


This paper reports on a design-based intervention in urban primary and secondary schools serving culturally diverse students from low socio-economic status (SES) communities. The intervention capitalises on a partially implemented programme in seven schools which use digital devices (netbooks) and applications to raise literacy levels. Learning and teaching measures have been used to identify effective components which can be more systematically implemented. Classroom observations were employed to provide a profile of the use and quality of the literacy instruction and to identify effective instructional practices, thereby contributing to the redesign of instruction for cluster wide implementation. The study adds to a growing number of interventions which use a design-based approach to tackle problems associated with school effectiveness. It contributes to the identification of promising new practices and to the design of more effective instruction in the context of a national system (New Zealand) that is already generally of high quality in literacy teaching but with low equity. A specific outcome is further evidence about how new technologies and digital learning are being implemented in low SES classrooms and the relationships with valued student outcomes.


Background and Aim: Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) continues to be a major public health problem throughout the developing world. PEM is associated with reduced synthesis of plasma proteins. The present study has been conducted to study the effect of PEM on plasma protein levels.Materials & Methods: The study included children of age group 1-5 years. Two hundred fifty children with PEM were included as cases and 250 healthy children were enrolled as controls. Details were collected in predesigned proforma. Serum total protein by biuret method, serum albumin by bromocresol green dye method and hemoglobin was estimated using auto analyzer. The parameters were compared among cases and controls.Results: Mean hemoglobin, serum total protein, serum albumin levels and A/ G ratio were significantly low in PEM children (cases) as compared to controls. Conclusion: PEM children have low serum total protein and albumin levels as compared to healthy controls. This is probably due to decreased intake of proteins and reduced biosynthesis. PEM children have lower hemoglobin levels as compared to healthy controls; this is probably due to deficiency of iron and other micronutrients, which is often found in a child with malnutrition.


Good nutrition is important to nourish our bodies with vital nutrients to help with growth and to keep us alive and well. The human body has a remarkable ability to break down the food we eat into valuable energy and nutrients for our basic biological functions. To ensure the optimal function of our body's systems including the cardiac, respiratory, digestive, kidney and liver systems, neural, muscular and vascular networks and healthy bones, a variety of foods are required to deliver energy and key nutrients. Key nutrients include carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins and minerals found in foods like cereals and grains, nuts, meat, poultry and fish, dairy foods, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and legumes. There are also other components of foods including fibre as well as phytonutrients ('small nutrients') like antioxidants compounds such as flavonoids, carotenoids which often have health benefits above and beyond that of regular nutrients. This article provides a breakdown of our major dietary nutrients, discussing metabolism and use and subsequent health implications.


FIELD: oil and gas production. SUBSTANCE: procedure consists in pump start-up and in varying frequency of circuit voltage of electric engine depending on well production watering. According to the invention, the electro-centrifugal pump lowered on oil-well tubing - OWT- is started up at minimal frequency of circuit voltage and correspondingly at minimal delivery. As soon, as liquid is received with a measuring device on surface, its watering is measured. Frequency of circuit voltage is increased and there is measured incoming liquid current watering. Value of obtained current watering is compared with watering at minimal delivery. If the obtained value of current watering exceeds or is equal to watering at minimal delivery, then frequency of circuit voltage is increased, till a value of current watering drops below watering at minimal delivery. In the late case frequency of circuit voltage is decreased till current watering exceeds or becomes equal to watering at minimal delivery. In case values of current watering obtained at increased delivery are less, than watering at minimal delivery, then frequency of circuit voltage is decreased till current watering exceeds or becomes equal to watering at minimal delivery. The procedure eliminates suction of liquid from a dynamic level of the pump and, correspondingly, its emergency shutdown. EFFECT: increased efficiency of procedure for well operation equipped with electro-centrifugal pump plant with variable frequency drive due to control of pump delivery facilitated by check only one parameter of produced degassed liquid on surface. 1 dwg


This paper begins with a discussion of the properties of the noise occurring in the structures considered. This noise is taken to be generated by a stationary, ergodic, purely nondeterministic process. In case the observed vector sequence is generated by an autoregressive-moving average process then (a little more than) the additional requirement that the best predictor be the best linear predictor suffices for the development of an asymptotic inference theory. Signal measurement problems are considered, first where the signal is directly observed except for some unknown parameters and second where the signal is not directly observable and some characteristics, such as the velocity of propagation, have to be measured. Finally nonstationary models, nonlinear models for prediction, transient signals, and irregularly spaced samples are briefly discussed. Throughout, the methods are based on the use of the fast Fourier transforms of the data and their relation to the use of quasimaximum likelihoods in terms of those transforms is discussed.


Information about several papers discussed at a conference titled The Role of the Background Languages in Third Language Acquisition. Romance Languages as L1, L2 or L3 which was held in Stockholm, ...


Since 1990s,the economic scale of Linyi city has been increasing vigorously,and the economic and social structures of it have been changing extensively,and the city's overall competition has been promoted with an amazing speed.The changes mentioned above are becoming a spectacular phenomenon in "Huaihai economic area".The remarkable manifestation of the phenomenon is its exceeding speed of "taking off" and structure changing,and its essence is industrialization impelled by the market-oriented reform.In nature,it's an inevitable result of the accumulation of factors for economic "taking off".Of course,there also exist contradictions that should not be neglected.


The physiological consequences of "premature migratory return" to freshwater for wild sea-run brown trout (Salmo trutta) smolts infested with sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) were investigated in the laboratory. Osmoregulatory, metabolic, and stress markers were analysed in order to assess the potential consequences of transfer to freshwater, 19 days after the challenge with L. salmonis. Infestation intensity was significantly reduced following transfer to freshwater, and mortality rates were markedly higher in infested fish maintained in seawater vs. fish that were transferred to freshwater. Significant sea lice effects, consistent across a number of physiological markers, were apparent once L. salmonis developed to the mobile stages. Plasma chloride, lactate, and cortisol all were significantly higher than control values, and liver glycogen concentration was significantly reduced in infested fish in seawater. After return to freshwater, these physiological measures returned to control levels, but sign...


Carper identified four fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing, empirics, esthetics, personal knowing, and ethics, which are necessary for the teaching, practice, and research. A different method of analysis is required to find evidence, understand each pattern and develop knowledge about each pattern. In this paper the authors try to apply types of knowing into a suggested model about the behaviors and barriers to breast cancer (BC) screening among minority women in the United States.


Content of flavor precursors and degradation products in flue-cured tobacco of different color and maturity from Henan and Fujian provinces were analyzed by HPLC and GC/MS.Results showed that carotenoids content increased as leaf color deepened and deceased as maturity increased.The color of mature tobacco leaf was light orange and light reddish brown in two provinces respectively,and degradation products content were the highest.Polyphenols content decreased as color deepened and when maturity increased,its content first climbed up and then declined.Mature tobacco leaf has the highest content. Content of duvatrienediols increased as color deepened,while there was no regularity as to the maturity.Differences and regularity existed between flavor precursors and degradation products content in flue-cured tobacco of different color and maturity.


We present a systematic investigation of the effect of H, B, C, and N interstitials on the electronic, lattice and magnetic properties of La(Fe,Si)$_{13}$ using density functional theory. The parent LaSiFe$_{12}$ alloy has a shallow, double-well free energy function that is the basis of first order itinerant electron metamagnetism. On increasing the dopant concentration, the resulting lattice expansion causes an initial increase in magnetisation for all interstitials that is only maintained at higher levels of doping in the case of hydrogen. Strong s-p band hybridisation occurs at high B,C and N concentrations. We thus find that the electronic effects of hydrogen doping are much less pronounced than those of other interstitials, and result in the double-well structure of the free energy function being least sensitive to the amount of hydrogen. This microscopic picture accounts for the change in the metamagnetic transition from first order to second order on doping with B,C, and N interstitials, as observed experimentally.


Semen evidence is almost always present in cases involving sexual assault. The typing of genetic markers in this evidence material can be very valuable in the investigation and prosecution of these crimes. In many cases the victim of the assault cannot identify the assailant and in these cases genetic information gained from the semen can be used to include or exclude potential suspects. Even when the victim can identify the assailant, genetic typing information can provide important independent corroborating evidence. It is therefore clear that more extensive genetic characterization of semen evidence would be beneficial.


INTRODUCTIONGlobalization is one of the most important drivers of economic conditions in developed and developing countries alike. Although it has been with us since the dawn of time (Prazniak, 2010; Elliott, 2006), as evidenced by the "Silk Road" or the discovery of the Americas by the Europeans, it still remains a bit of a mystery. In fact, there is still debate about what globalization is, when it started, and whether it is a good thing or a bad thing. Undesirable things seem to happen in developed countries, where economic growth is stagnant and unemployment rates are high; and developing countries do not seem to be faring better, with their workers and environment being abused. In fact, some of the developing countries suffer from very high levels of poverty; and their poverty rates are actually going up from lower rates achieved only a few years back (Mondal, 2015).One of the key issues that is at the forefront of globalization's impact is that globalization as it is practiced today relies on a phenomenon called free trade of goods and services, which is coupled with capital moving freely between countries. Furthermore, while goods, services, and capital can move freely across the globe, labor is not allowed to move freely, thus creating pools of labor trapped in a variety of different settings. These settings range from labor forces of population-dense, poorer countries like India and China, to labor pools of failed states like Haiti and Syria. People in the developed countries support globalizationled free trade pointing to benefits of lower prices paid for goods and services; however, these lower prices come with job losses. People in developing regions see the foreign investment, even when it only sets up sweatshops, as a way to get out of poverty.Whether alternatives to complete free trade can be found is seldom discussed as another stakeholder in the global economy really benefits from the free trade. Specifically, multinational corporations, which are the only entities that can operate simultaneously in developed and developing regions alike, benefit from the current situation, because they can engage in arbitrage as no other entity can. In fact, they can increase the value of their endeavors, by reducing their costs, increasing their revenues, and decreasing their risk exposure all at the same time, by producing and selling globally. Specifically, by using the trapped labor in developing countries, where environmental protections are also lax, they reduce their costs; by selling their products and services in mostly developed markets, as well as to the emerging middle class in poorer countries, they can increase their revenues; and the geographical diversification reduces their risk exposure.In addition, some multinational corporations are bigger than many countries (e.g., according to Wild and Wild (2010) Wal-Mart's revenues are larger than Finland's gross national product), and there are thousands of multinational corporations that operate globally. The multinational corporations are not only privy to greater resources than many countries, but they also have the ability to involve themselves in the political processes of many countries through legal means (e.g., Johnson, Mirchandani and Meznar 2015). A good example of this situation is the ability of U.S. corporations to fund U.S. political campaigns. As a result, multinational corporations pursue the encouragement of globalization and free trade with the consent and aid of many public policy makers regardless of those public policy makers' political persuasion.In previous papers (Costello and Costello, 2012a; Costello and Costello, 2012b), we proposed existing international business, strategy, and economics literatures are unable to explain these developments in the global economy. And in those papers we offered a framework, which utilizes international business, strategic management, and property rights economics literatures, as well as game theory. …


Organizational culture is the interconnected pattern of norms, values, beliefs, and symbols within an organization that give an organization its identity. Organizational assimilation is the process of communicating that culture to new incoming organizational members. The women's athletic department at The University of Tennessee relies on a strong assimilation process to prepare freshmen collegiate student-athletes not only for the normal stress of college, but also for the pressures of being an elite Division 1 athlete. This study examined the assimilation practices the women's athletic department used to assimilate 58 female freshmen student-athletes into the culture of the department. This study focused on the socialization aspect of assimilation rather than on the individualization aspect. The scope of this study included the first two stages of the assimilation process, anticipatory and encounter, and did not address the metamorphosis stage. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. Semi structured interviews with key athletic administrators helped define the cultural constructs for the women's department. These cultural constructs were enriching student-athletes' lives outside sport, maintaining a family oriented department, and being nationally competitive in athletics. These constructs were used to produce a survey that was administered twice to the freshmen life skills class in order to determine their understanding of the values and expectations of the department. Those three cultural constructs were operationalized into seven research questions that focused on family atmosphere, national competitiveness of athletic department, academic progress towards


with the development of the times and scientific progress, multimedia and network has been widely used in College English teaching. This paper analyzes the advantages of network and multimedia technology in College English teaching practice, and puts forward that teachers should use network teaching method in College English teaching, to enhance the efficiency of English learning and students' English ability and improve the quality of College English teaching.


World Heritage Sites(WHS) are threatened by various anthropogenic factors and natural disasters. Ecological risk assessment (ERA) is an essential tool for the systematic monitoring of WHS and the crucial first step towards effective risk management. Toward this direction, taking Mount Emei as the study area, this paper combines the land-cover data, DEM, and remote sensing data to access the ecological risk from both aspects of natural disasters and human disturbances. Natural disasters adopt the traditional factor weighting method and then use landscape pattern index to construct a landscape disturbance index to measure human disturbances. According to the proposed approach, the ecological risk of each risk cell is obtained. The ecological risk value is classified, and finally, the spatial distribution of the ecological risk in Mount Emei is obtained. The results show that the comprehensive ecological risk of Mount Emei is relatively small and the major influencing factor is natural disasters.


Mr. Nader Nabil Bokhari (BSc). A thesis submitted for the degree of Postgraduate Diploma in Science At the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History


Surface of nano-hydroxyapatite(HA) particles was chemically modified by γ-methacrcypropyltrimeth-oxy silane(KH570) and then solution blending technique was employed to prepare KH570-modified HA / poly(e-caprolactone)(PCL) composites.The structure and properties of the composites were examined by means of FTIR,DSC,SEM and tensile test.The result reveals that bonding between KH570 and HA nano-particles results from the chemical reaction taking place in the process of surface modification.Melting temperature and crystalline temperature of KH570-modified HA /PCL composites is higher 0.2℃ and 4.3℃ compared with that of HA /PCL composites,respectively.Tensile strength and Young's modulus for HA /PCL composites after modification by KH570 silane coupling agent increase 3.93MPa and 263.63MPa,respectively.It is suggests that surface modification by KH570 silane coupling agent improves HA nano-particle distribution in PCL polymer composites and distinctly enhances mechanical property of HA /PCL composites.


This research study has the main objectives of determining the economics and the factors affecting egg production in Ibadan metropolis in Oyo State.
The data for the study were collected by the administration of structured questionnaires to the egg producing farmers in five local government areas of Ibadan metropolis; Ibadan North, Ibadan North East, Ibadan South East, Ibadan North West, Ibadan South West local government areas. A total of fifty egg producing farmers were sampled using the stratified sampling and random sampling techniques, with ten farmers from each local government area. Fifty farmers were interviewed through the administration of questionnaires. Frequency tables and percentages tables were used to present the demographic features of the egg producing farmers. Furthermore, the cost structure was used to reflect the efficiency of the farmers in the use of variable and fixed resources; the profitability ratio was used to indicate how profitable the egg producing enterprise is while the multiple regression analysis was used to show the relationship between the input and output.
The results show that the cost of labour and flock size are significant at 1%. The Gross Margin per production season for the poultry farm used for this study and the net farm income per production season areN1,582,153.88 and N1,062,322.88 respectively.
It is recommended that the Government should subsidize cost of inputs such as day old chick, veterinary services, poultry equipment and feeds so as to reduce the production cost of egg.


A wide range of chromosomal rearrangements have been identified in human cancers especially in leukemia. Murine models that recapitulate chromosomal translocations are essential for understanding the determinants of malignancies and as a basis for preclinical development of rational therapeutic methods. Genetically engineered murine models involving chromosomal translocation genes have been generated using transgenic approaches or gene knockin. However, the closest model is the creation of bona fide chromosomal translocations, which recapitulate the physiologic levels of the fusion genes, the reduced dosage of the wildtype alleles and the contribution of the reciprocal products of the translocations. This has been achieved in vivo using the Cre-loxP system in embryonal stem cells, which is labor intensive and time consuming. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a versatile tool for genomic engineering. Transduction of target cells with vectors encoding Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting two genomic loci causes two DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which could induce chromosomal rearrangements as a result from non-homologous end joining-based DNA repair. This strategy has been used to model oncogenic chromosomal rearrangements in murine or human cells in vivo. However, given the challenges of delivering CRISPR/Cas9 vectors into hematopoietic cells, the penetrance of leukemogenesis has been shown with low frequency in vivo. Here we establish an efficient methodology to generate chromosomal translocations in mice hematopoietic cells based on a vector design enabling convenient lentiviral delivery of multiple sgRNAs to hematopoietic cells from a Cas9 expressing mouse strain. TheKMT2A(MLL)gene constitutes ahotspot for chromosomal translocations in human leukemia, resulting in over 135 different leukemia-associated KMT2A gene fusions.KMT2A-MLLT1 defines a leukemia subtype with poor outcome. This translocation frequently constitutes the sole genomic lesion to drive the


In the future, successful marketers of services to consumers will need to include the Internet in their marketing plans. Learning to use the Web to understand and make use of the emerging electronic marketplace is a vital skill that can be taught using a practical, hands-on approach in the classroom. This article describes a classroom project that involved student teams developing an Internet web page to market a hypothetical pharmacy and promote pharmaceutical care services. This exercise successfully involved students in using both creative and analytic skills to gain hands-on experience in constructing a mission statement and marketing plan for a new business concept.


The invention discloses a location method of a simulation base station based on an A interface signal, which belongs to the field of mobile communication. The method comprises steps of firstly collecting the A interface signal in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network, generating a calling detail record (CDR), adding the CDR to a signal database, performing an association analysis to information in the signal database, and obtaining a statistic analysis result; then unscrambling location area codes of the simulation base station in accordance with the statistic analysis result and obtaining lists of normal cells near the simulation base station; and finally locating a geographical position and distribution of the simulation base station according to the lists of normal cells near the simulation base station. According to relative signal data information in updating of positions of mobile communication users, the method evaluates the problems of the simulation base station in the mobile communication effectively in real time, cannot be affected by regions and other factors, enables operators to know mobile communication network conditions in time, and arranges reasonably people to perform network optimization.


A quantitative explanation is given for the observed (Hansen et al., 1992) large-scale (several kilometers in extent, δTe/Te0 ∼ 3, |δne|/ne0 ∼ 25%) ionospheric modifications produced with the Arecibo HF heating facility. The process of nonlinear refraction is introduced and shown to be the key nonlinearity which makes possible the generation of the observed effects. Nonlinear refraction consists of the self-consistent reorientation of the HF reflection surface by heating-induced density modifications from a gravitationally aligned density gradient to a geometry with ∇n perpendicular to the geomagnetic field. It causes the O mode radiation to refract across the geomagnetic field and results in focused heating along a narrow flux tube colinear with the modified reflection surface. A two-dimensional transport model that incorporates the effects of nonlinear refraction on F region modification is used to establish a detailed comparison with experimental results.


PurposeThe purpose of the study is to explore the influence of psychological empowerment, psychological contract and employee engagement on voluntary turnover intentions of employees in theinformation technology (IT) industry.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a cross-sectional, quantitative research design. The analysis for the study is based on a sample of 392 Indian IT professionals. Partial least square–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data.FindingsThis study has identified a significant relationship between turnover intentions, employee engagement, psychological contract and psychological empowerment. The findings of the study are that there exists significant positive influence of psychological contract and psychological empowerment on employee engagement. Employee engagement, in turn, has the capability to influence intention to leave the organization.Originality/valueThere is heightened awareness among industry leaders about the need to retain top performers. However, organizations are found to repeatedly fail in this regard. The study has succeeded in empirically establishing the complex relationship between empowerment, psychological contract, employee engagement and turnover intentions. The findings of the study are significant and have practical implications. It can be put to use by progressive managements in devising strategies to reduce turnover intentions.


Identification of the sediment transport patterns and pathways is essential for sustainable coastal zone management of the heavily modified coastline of Santa Barbara and Ventura County (California, USA). A process-based model application, based on Delft3D Online Morphology, is used to investigate the littoral transport potential along the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell (between Point Conception and Mugu Canyon). An advanced optimalization procedure is applied to enable annual sediment transport computations by reducing the ocean wave climate in 10 wave height direction classes. Modeled littoral transport rates compare well with observed dredging volumes, and erosion or sedimentation hotspots coincide with the modeled divergence and convergence of the transport gradients. Sediment transport rates are strongly dependant on the alongshore variation in wave height due to wave sheltering, diffraction and focusing by the Northern Channel Islands, and the local orientation of the geologically-controlled coastline. Local transport gradients exceed the net eastward littoral transport, and are considered a primary driver for hot-spot erosion.


The chemical composition and ultrastructure of the cell wall of Rhizopus stolonifer sporangiospores were determined. Spores were examined by transmission electron microscopy using both thin sections and surface replicas, and by scanning electron microscopy. The spore wall was found to be composed of three layers: (i) a ridged electron-opaque outer layer (10–240 nm thick) occasionally covered by a very thin extra layer; (ii) an electron-transparent layer containing electron-dense areas (160–245 nm thick); and (iii) an innermost layer of relatively high electron density overlaying the plasma membrane (15–40 nm thick). The spore wall had a rough amorphous surface without rodlet fascicles. Chemical analysis showed that the major components were protein, glucan, chitosan, and melanin, followed by smaller amounts of uronic acids, lipids, chitin, and mannose. The protein(s) contained high levels of aspartic acid and glutamic acid, followed by glycine, alanine, lysine, histidine, serine, and by smaller amounts of...


1959 is an important year for pedagogy education in Hungary because this is the year that pedagogy higher education started in the country in 11 institutions. These institutions started out as anonymous, and none of them were named after prominen cultural and historical Hungarian figures. The  ministry wanted to rectify this shortcoming as early as 1959/1960, therefore they dedicated a director's session to discuss potential eponyms for each of the institutions. As a follow up, the Pedagogy Training Division of the ministry asked the directors of the institutions in early 1960 to provide a brief justification for their name selection. The Teacher Training Institution in Nyiregyhaza chose Jozsef Eotvos who was the most prominent benefactor of Hungarian public education, and a dedicated supporter of the development of teacher training. In this paper we present the invitation from the ministry and the response to this call from the director of the Teacher Training Institution in Nyiregyhaza. Although the naming process was stalled in 1960, we believe that it is still worthwhile to acknowledge the intent that was not realized because it shows the will of the directors in Nyiregyhaza to carry legacy and nurture traditions.


We show that any covariant scattering amplitude of the W 3 string will contain, as part of its integrand, a factor that obeys the differential equations satisfied by an Ising model correlation function. This factor can thus be identified with such a correlation function, in agreement with a previous result of the authors. The W 3 string is also shown to contain an N = 2 parafermion theory, and hence to contain in addition the non-linear infinite-dimensional W-algebra corresponding to this parafermion theory. The physical states form a representation of this algebra.


The notion of finite type xubmanifolds was introduced by B.Y.Chen.In this paper we consider the characteristics and the classifications of finite type non-minimal submanifolds.The characteristic theorems of 2-type Chen submanifolds、mass-symmetric hypersurfaces and Dupin hypersurfaces in Es^m are obtained.The classification theorems of 3-type hypersurfaces and null 2-type curves in Es^m are also proved.


In order to avoid low-frequency vibration of drum brake in the braking process,a optimization model is established,which is solved by genetic algorithm of MATLAB.To maximum the braking efficiency,both the stability of drum brake and the shear stress of pin and rivet are regarded as constraint of optimization.By the optimization of drum brake,the braking efficiency increases by 18.67%,and low-frequency vibration of drum brake is prevented efficiently.


This note provides an introduction to mathematical programming (in general) and linear programming (in particular). A spreadsheet-based approach is used, accompanied by a graphical description of the fundamental underlying characteristics of resource-allocation problems exploited by linear programming.


An improved Discrete Hartley Transform(DHT-LMS)adaptive algorithm is provided which is em ployed for cancelling noises in phoning.An experiment based on TMS320LF2407is conducted.The results show that the adaptive algorithm can be easily realized and the noise cancelling system features compact structure and high reliability.[


The Tenth International Congress of Dermatology will be held in London during the summer of 1952, under the Presidency of Sir Archibald Gray. A preliminary programme will be prepared during the current year. As a result of the disruption produced by the last war, addresses of the Secretaries of certain Dermatological Societies are not available, so that all those interested are asked to communicate with me at the Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C.2.


Order release is the key premise for the semiconductor wafer fabrication system to perform well, which is also one of the paramount significant components in the scheduling strategies. Most order release strategies merely have focused on the workloadbut failed in considering the remarkable influence oncycletime of common orders that is brought by unexpectedrushones.In this paper an on-linemechanismbased on Theory of Constraintsfor lot releaseusingself-Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System modelswas presentedwhich is able to adjust the release rhythmdynamicallyaccording to dynamics of fabs.In our approach, an ANFIS model was established to predict the ratiobetweenhotand common lotsin wafer fabto perform adjustments on the order release schedule in advance.Simulated experimentsbased on the HP24 model were carefully performed and experimental results proved a better performance of common lotsthan original TOC on a large scale, especially when it comes to the situation of disturbance. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i11.3488 Full Text: PDF


This research was undertaken to gauge the state of effectiveness of occupational safety and health committees (EOSHCs) in the Malaysian manufacturing sector and the determinants of their effectiveness. OSHCs are forms of representative employee involvement mandated by section 30 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994. Most importantly, OSHCs are integral to the occupational safety and health (OSH) 'self-regulation' approach adopted in Malaysia since 1994. In order to execute this study within the framework of past research, and bearing in mind the peculiarity of the Malaysian manufacturing environment, a research model was derived from the Eaton and Nocerino (2000) model. This derived research model drove the primary research method of the study that was the survey method. Qualitative data was collected via interviews and one open ended question (in the survey instrument) and analysed at three stages of the research design process. In essence, the findings of the qualitative data were supportive of the development of the derived research model and the findings of the quantitative study.


Carbon-covered alumina(CCA) was prepared by the pyrolysis of the sucrose dispersed on a γ-Al2O3 support.17% loading Ni supported catalysts were prepared by impregnation method.Effect of carbon addition on Ni/Al2O3 catalytic performance was investigated for the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride(MA) to butyrolactone(GBL).The samples were characterized by TPO-MS,N2 adsorption,TPR and XRD.The results indicated that the addition of carbon resulted in the change of the surface property of Al2O3 support,the Ni dispersion and metal-support interaction of the catalysts.The catalysts showed different hydrogenation activity.When the carbon loading was about 8.9%,the catalyst showed the highest Ni dispersion and the mild metal-support interaction.The catalyst exhibited the highest selectivity of GBL for the hydrogenation of MA.At conditions of 210 ℃,5 MPa hydrogen pressure and reaction time 3 h,the conversion of MA was above 98% and the selectivity of GBL was 91.71 %.


" proteose "-injected arm than in the control arm. The only interesting fact that emerged was that one of the injected patients developed a severe urticarial rash the next day, which, it was considered at the time, might be due to a sensitivity towards the injected " proteose." A week later the same ten cases were taken and again injected, this time with a different " proteose." Five were injected intradermally with 0.1 c.cm. of a 1 in 1,000 solution of a " proteose " obtained from another epileptic, two were injected with a similar volume of a " proteose " obtained from the urine of an asthmatic, and three with a " proteose " from a case of migraine, the last solutions being kindly supplied by Dr. E. N. Davey, the pathologist to the Gloucestershire Royal Infirnmary. At the same time three normal healthy persons were injected with a similar amount of epileptic " proteose." Again no reaction was produced in any of those injected. At the end of another week a further series of injections were given, using a 1 in 100 solution, but with these again no reaction indicating sensitivity was produced.


Polyanthes tuberos mostly used as cut flowers, with limited time, many flowers become rotten and wasted as garbage, sought another alternative to the utilization it is an essential oil, with distillation process to produce essential oils. The results obtained in the distillation process are each adsorbent giving the results of a mixture of vegetable fats and animals with a moisture content of 0.2169%, the amount of water content indicating the level of hardness of adsorbent. The essential oil obtained crystal clear yellow, a very strong distinctive smell of them, did not leave the place on the filter paper and the results obtained 4.279%. The distillation process is a good technique for the acquisition of essential oils from it is with a water content of 0.11%,


Abstract Measurements from the Russian "North Pole" series of drifting stations, the United States drifting stations"T-3" and "Arlis II," land stations, and, where necessary, over the northern North Atlantic and coastal Greenland, empirically derived values from earlier Russian studies are used to compile a new gridded monthly climatology of global (downwelling shortwave) radiation for the region north of 65°N. Spatio-temporal patterns of fluxes and effective cloud transmittance are examined and comparisons are made with fields from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) reanalysis and those derived from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) C2 (monthly) cloud product. All months examined (March–October) show peak fluxes over the Greenland ice sheet. March, September, and October feature a strong zonal component. Other months exhibit an asymmetric pattern related to cloud fraction and optical depth, manifested by an At...


ABSTRACT When lithium-ion batteries serve in extreme environments like space, severe irradiation might induce significant decay of the electrochemical performances and mechanical properties. In this paper, an electrochemical-irradiated constitutive model is proposed to explore the evolution of dislocation, defect and stress in electrodes during a two-phase lithiation process. The results from the analytic formulation and finite difference calculations show that, as Li intercalation proceeding, the hoop stress in the surface of a spherical particle converts from compression into tension because the large lithiation strain and plastic yielding at the front pushes out the material behind it. And the plastic flow resistance continuously increases with increasing irradiation dose result from the impediment of a defect to dislocation glide. There is a clear peak in the distribution of stress at yielding locations due to the competition between dislocations multiplication and defects annihilation. The model is meaningful for thoroughly understanding the micro-mechanism of lithiation deformation and provides a guideline for predicting their mechanical behaviours of lithium-ion batteries in unconventional environment.


This study aims to determine whether the company's profitability and growth factors have an influence on the company's value in manufacturing companies using capital structure as a mediating variable. Exogenous variables consisted of profitability (ROE) and the company's growth (PTA), whereas endogenous variables consist of the company's value (PBV). With capital structure (DER) as mediating variables. This study uses panel data of manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010-2014. Hypothesis testing using panel data analysis. Based on the research results demonstrate that 1) The profitability and company's growth has a significant and negative influence jointly on capital structure. 2) Profitability does not have significant and negative effect on the capital structure. 3) The company's growth does not have significant and negative impact on the capital structure. 4) Profitability, company's growth, and capital structure has a significant and positive influence jointly on company's value. 5) Profitability does not have significant and positive effect on company's value. 6) The company's growth does not have significant influence and positive impact on the company's value. 7) Capital structure has a significant influence and positive impact on the company's value. 8) The capital structure does not mediate the effect of profitability on company's value. 9) Capital structure does not mediates the effects of growth on company's value.


In the arid western United States, there is increasing competition for limited water supplies; and therefore, efficient irrigation is critical to sustaining agricultural productivity. This project was conducted to provide information to irrigators at the field level for improving irrigation system performance. Distribution uniformity (DU) was the primary measure for evaluating the performance of 385 irrigation systems. Over 80% of the evaluations resulted in recommendations for improvements, and in over 90% of the evaluations in which recommendations were made, irrigators applied at least one of the recommended remedies. Based on all systems evaluated, the mean DU was 64%, water cost averaged $0.11/m3 ($141/acre-ft), and the average annual application depth was 0.7 m (2.3 ft). Mean DU varied based on system type with 65% for agricultural sprinkler, 70% for microirrigation, 70% for furrow, and 49% for non-agricultural turf sprinklers. Irrigation systems that were retested following implementation of recommendations had an average improvement of 18% in DU.


A portable-alpha strategy allows a fixed-income manager to reap the benefits of active management by "porting" excess returns from one benchmark to another through the use of long derivative positions. Furthermore, because tracking error is also portable and because the challenge of choosing the active portfolio is the same regardless of the benchmark, a change of benchmark does not alter a manager's information ratio and what would otherwise be a major shift becomes only a matter of routine accounting. In order to fully exploit portable alpha, however, investment management firms must change not only their organizational structures but their incentive structures as well.


This paper discusses performance, structure and main technical parameters of DF7G shunting locomotive for Qinghai-Tibet Railway. The technical countermeasures for locomotives to adapt natural conditions of Qinghai-Tibet Railway are discussed.


Prior studies have shown that cholesterol lowering reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through regression of coronary atherosclerosis as well as improved endothelial function. The purpose of this Harvard study was to determine if these favorable effects translate into a reduction of myocardial ischemia during daily life. …


This paper discusses a different approach to managing risk in a man-rated software system. This approach emphasizes identifying and targeting the right risks in order to apply effective mitigation activities. It addresses the risk of not understanding the customer wishes, of unreliable software product, and selection of inappropriate reuse. When the right risks are identified with sufficient granularity, resources can be focused on mitigating only those risks. Resources are not spent mitigating general risks or non-risks. The cost can be more correctly estimated and overruns controlled.


To investigate the effects of male parent on the reproductive performances of sow,three pig breeds,including Landrace,Duroc and Kele pig,were chosen as male parents to mate with female Yorkshire pigs taking the self cross of Yorkshire and Duroc as controls.The results showed that the gestational period of Yorkshire reduced by two days and the available nipple numbers of the piglets decreased slightly.However,the number of newborn alive(11.0±1.41),total born(11.3±1.81),ablactation(9.7±1.45) and ablactation foster rate(94.41±2.826)% were the highest(P 0.05) with minimum death(0.3±0.25) and death rate(3.25±3.250) %(P0.05) in the group of Kele pig to be male parent.It was illuminated that Kele pig breed,which adapted to the local environment very well,could elevate the survival percentage and adaptability of piglets.On the other hand,in the group of Kele pig as male parent,the litter weight at birth(14.850±2.443 2),litter weight at 20 days(45.700±12.364 1),litter weight at weaning(67.500±9.565 7) were higher than that of the others.The death number was negatively correlated with the litter weight at the birth,20th days and weaning based on the correlation analysis.It suggested that the male parent,especially the native pig breed,Kele pig,could affect the reproduction performances of Yorkshire sow,which would be benefit for the adaptation of piglets to the local climate and feeding way in Bijie Districts of Guizhou Province.


Previous studies have suggested that the accuracy of temperature measurements by surface-moored buoys may be affected by distortions of the near-surface temperature structure by the buoy hull on calm, sunny days. We obtained the first definite observational evidence that the temperature near the hull was not horizontally homogeneous at the same nominal depth. We observed large temperature differences of 1.0 K or more between thermometers at 0.2 m depth. The distortion of the surface temperature field yielded an error in estimates of daytime net surface heat flux up to more than 30 Wm−2.


In this paper a simple and uniform method of calculating the spin-lattice coupling coefficients ${\mathit{G}}_{11}$ and ${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ for all ${\mathit{d}}^{\mathit{n}}$ ions in ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{d}}$ symmetry has been established. According to this method, the analytic expressions of ${\mathit{G}}_{11}$ and ${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ for $^{6}$S-state ions based on various mechanisms and models are easily given. Comparing these results with those in ${\mathit{O}}_{\mathit{h}}$ symmetry, it can be seen that, in the two cubic (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{d}}$,${\mathit{O}}_{\mathit{h}}$) fields, the signs of the coefficient ${\mathit{G}}_{11}$ or ${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ are opposite for all mechanisms and models, and the ratios ${\mathit{G}}_{11}$/${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ are also rather different for the majority of mechanisms. So, the analogy of coefficients ${\mathit{G}}_{11}$ and ${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ for $^{6}$S-state ions between the two cubic symmetries, such as between ZnTe:${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{d}}$ symmetry) and MgO:${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ (${\mathit{O}}_{\mathit{h}}$ symmetry) crystals, is not suitable. The expressions for ${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ calculated from two cases are not the same for the covalency and overlap mechanism and the spin-spin mechanism; it appears that the formulas of zero-field splitting (ZFS) D in the trigonal field and E in the rhombic field for the two mechanisms are not self-consistent and need further study. Considering the very scattered and random experimental results of ${\mathit{G}}_{11}$/${\mathit{G}}_{44}$ for $^{6}$S-state ions in the crystals having ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{d}}$ symmetry, it seems that a single mechanism cannot explain the ZFS in all symmetries and stress states, and that the relative importance of various mechanisms that contribute to ZFS is not the same in different symmetries and crystals.


A society can build the "other" according to the images that the latter generates. The present study investigated the constructed images about Japanese people in general among Mexican employees of some Japanese companies in the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara. This investigation also contrasted the own images of Mexicans to the images they have of Japanese people. The survey and the semantic differential techniques were used; 20 pairs of antonym adjectives were prepared and the same scales were used to investigate the images of each group to be contrasted and to identify the difference in the cultural characteristics. The result reveals that Japanese people are principally considered "hard workers", "disciplined", "honest", "respectful", and "astute"; while Mexicans tend to rate themselves largely "friendly", "humorous", "kind", "outgoing", and "astute".


Usability is an important characteristic for information systems intended to support their users. In order to achieve usability, an iterative change of focus between design and formative evaluation during development is an often recommended approach. Our experience from industrial projects is, however, that communication problems and misinterpretations often occur during this change of focus. It is not sufficient that the evaluation reports give feedback—they must also support the redesign work. One promising attempt to achieve such evaluation reports would be to use Design Space Analysis, which is an approach to design rationale representation. In this paper, we take an excerpt from a real-life evaluation report from one of our industrial projects, and show the implications of using a more structured approach to make the arguments in the evaluation report more explicit.


Treatment of a patient deficient in carbamyl phosphate synthetase with benzoate or phenylacetic acid resulted in an increase in urinary nitrogen, which could be accounted for by the respective amino acid acylation product, hippurate or phenylacetylgultamine. Benzoate treatment of four hyperammonemic comatose patients led to clinical improvement and a return of plasma ammonium levels toward normal.


Whereas the localization of genes for simple, Mendelian disorders, such as hemophilia, is now routine, the hunt for genes influencing complex disorders, such as thrombosis, is still in its infancy. Simple Mendelian disorders are caused by a malfunction of a single gene. In Mendelian disorders, an individual generally inherits one or two non-functional copies of a gene and has either a reduction in their level of the protein coded for by that gene or a total absence of it, resulting in disease. The correspondence between genotype and disease is straightforward, with a one-to-one match between individuals carrying mutations and individuals with the disease. In the rare cases where a few individuals carrying mutations escape the disease, it is thought that this reduced penetrancemay be due to modifier loci that influence the severity of phenotype produced by the main disease mutation. Complex disorders, in contrast, are likely to involve the actions of multiple genes, each of which is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause disease. Rather than the loss of function of one or more copies of a gene, they may involve differences in the regulation of gene expression, controlling the timing, amount, or location of protein production or the stability of the protein or of the RNA transcript from which it is derived. In addition, it is thought that most complex disorders are also influenced by environmental factors, from diet or exercise or tobacco use to exposure to pollution or pathogens. In this issue of the journal, Hasstedt and colleagues report the localization of genes influencing risk of thrombosis in a pedigree with protein C deficiency [1]. This study started in the 1980s in the context of a simple Mendelian trait, type I protein C deficiency, and has continued into the new millennium and into the realm of a complex disorder, thrombosis. Of the 39 individuals over the age of 40 who carry a protein C mutation in this family, only 15 have experienced a thrombotic episode. Conversely, some of the 28 individuals with venous thrombosis included in the present study do not carry the protein C mutation. Thus, although clearly involved in thrombosis risk, the protein C mutation is neither necessary nor sufficient to explain the development of thrombosis in members of this family. In the terminology of a Mendelian disease, one may hypothesize that there are modifier loci that explain the reduced penetrance for thrombosis in some carriers of the protein C mutation. Under that mode of thinking, this study is a rare example of a successful attempt to identify modifier genes that influence disease risk. Alternatively, moving into the realm of complex disease genetics, it may be more accurate to think of thrombosis in terms of oligogenes rather thanmodifier genes. In contrast to the gene for hemophilia, we expect a collection of genes of varying effect sizes influencing thrombosis and other complex traits. Several terms are used to describe such genes. Classically, the term polygenic is used to describe many genes, in theory an infinite number, each of small effect, rendering them individually undetectable in practice. More recently, the term oligogenic has been used to describe the situation in which we believe there are multiple genes influencing the trait, a subset of which will be of large enough effect to be individually detectable. From this perspective, the Vermont Kindred study may be viewed as a significant step along the road to identifying the oligogenes influencing risk of thrombosis. One notable point in the results of theHasstedt et al. genome scan is the replication of several loci implicated in other genetic linkage studies of thrombosis risk. Of the three regions identified by this study, two, on chromosomes 10 and 18, replicate findings from genome-wide linkage studies of quantitative risk factors related to thrombosis in the GAIT study [2,3]. Although replication has been the gold standard of certainty in the localization of genes forMendelian disorders, it is a relatively rare achievement in genetics of complex traits. This is, in part, because genetic studies of complex disorders are relatively underpowered. Although the sample sizes of hundreds of individuals in genome scan studies for complex traits are five or 10 times as large as the sample sizes in genome scans for Mendelian traits, they are only sufficient to detect reliably oligogenes with substantial effects. For a Mendelian disorder, the trait is 100% genetic (or nearly so, given the issues of Correspondence: Laura Almasy, Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA. Tel.: +1 210 258 9690; fax: +1 210 258 9444; e-mail: almasy@darwin. sfbr.org Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2: 866–867


Harmonic wavelet time-frequency profile plot(TFPP) is introduced firstly in practice to identify weak singularity in a signal with noise clearly.With TFPP method,emulational signal and vibration data of the rubbing of the large practical turbo-generator units are analyzed successfully,which prove that the method is effectively extract the rubbing signal feature which is can not gained by the other signal analysis methods,and the rubbing of the turbine-generator units is identified effectively.


We show that incorporating the intra-day relationships of electricity prices improves the accuracy of forecasts of daily electricity spot prices. We use half-hourly data from the UK power market to model the spot prices directly (via ARX and Vector ARX models) and indirectly (via factor models). The forecasting performance of five econometric models is evaluated and compared with that of a univariate model, which uses only (aggregated) daily data. The results indicate that there are forecast improvements from incorporating the disaggregated data, especially, when the forecast horizon exceeds one week. Additional improvements are achieved when the correlation structure of the intra-day relationships is explored.


This article, taking into account the contemporary achievements in the area of the developmental psychology and physiological psychology, contains an attempt to outline the differences concerning a child's experience of distress in general and of physical pain. The pain in interpreted as a specific somatic sensation of high intensity, felt as a consequence of disorders resulting from a disease or body dysfunction. Suffering means an intense and emotionally upsetting feeling of undefined character, having specific physiological correlates. A child, suffering from a chronic illness or a visible and permanent disability may experience various kinds of sense of loss, which in many cases means an experience of a great despair felt by the child it and its family. The paper shows that a child's suffering, consistently with the stage of its development, often co-incides with: noticeable disturbance in the cognitive and socio-emotional development, caused by incomprehensible and upsetting stimuli, disorder of identity development and personal integrity, gradual loss of hope that fitness can be preserved, relative disorganisation of activity and functioning in a situation of stimulation caused by pain and loss of the sense of safety. The forms of reality perception referred to in the paper are associated with certain attitudes, beliefs, emotions and reactions in suffering children, which are the consequences of the experience of loss directly affecting both the child and the entire family system. The conclusion of the article constitutes an attempt to answer the question: what message and how should be conveyed to the children when they experience suffering, and how, using the organizational potential available, could an effective support be provided?


3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-pyrazine carboxamide or a Suidae animal, wherein (抗) for foot-and-mouth disease viral agent characterized by containing the salt, it is extremely useful for the prevention and treatment of foot-and-mouth disease of the Suidae animals. Further, it is extremely useful for the treatment such as 3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-pyrazine carboxamide dual anti-viral agent is foot-and-mouth disease, and the amount of foot-and-mouth disease prevention or treatment, characterized in that it contains an imide or a salt thereof. Foot-and-mouth disease, an anti-foot-and-mouth disease virus


Objective To explore the technique and therapeutic efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for hepatic tumors adjacent to the gallbladder and summarize the appropriate rescue remedies for the complications.Methods Out of 763 hepatic tumors (338 patients) treated with radiofrequency ablation,48 lesions (43 cases) were identified to be adjacent to the gallbladder by ultrasound and/or CT scan.Thirty-two were hepatocellular carcinoma,and 11 were liver metastases.Among the 48 lesions,26 ((54.2%)) were in close relationship with the gallbladder while the other 22 ((45.8%)) located within (0.5) cm from the gallbladder.The mean tumor size was (2.7) cm((1.0)~(7.4) cm).The mean follow-up was (19.9) months.Results(Forty-one lesions) ((85.4%)) were evaluated as complete coagulation by CT scans 24 hours or one month after the treatment.Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that the 6 and 12 months local-recurrence-free rate after the radiofrequency ablation was (83.7%) and (78.8)% respectively.Thirty-eight patients ((82.6%)) complained right epigastric pain,precordial pain or right shoulder pain during the procedures; heart rate decreased in 16 patients ((37.2%)),the lowest of which was 27 beats a minute,all of whom responded to atropine.The gallbladder wall thickening was noticed in 18 patients((39.1%)) during or after the procedure.Two patients ((4.4%)) developed subacute cholecystitis and recovered after conservative treatment.No critical complications required surgical intervention.Conclusions Manipulative skills and auxiliary method are very important for radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors adjacent to the gallbladder.Complete coagulation can be achieved with few critical complications in most cases.The procedure is demonstrated to be an effective,feasible and safe technique in the management of the tumors.


Due to the use of the semi-Lagrangian,semi-implicit scheme,the Global/Regional Assimilation PrEdiction System(GRAPES) model can increase the time step without affecting the stability,and model integration may have a higher computational efficiency and accuracy,as compared with Euler explicit time-difference methods.The semi-Lagrangian methods need interpolation algorithms to predict the value of successive time steps.For water vapor,it might be supersaturated or negative,requiring special treatment to solve this problem.In this paper,the schemes of QMSL(Quasi-monotone semi-Lagrangian) and PRM(Piecewise Rational Method) in the GRAPES model were tested and preliminary summaries of the schemes were made from the analysis of the precipitation and situation forecast.Compared to the linearly constraint semi-Lagrangian scheme,the QMSL program was improved.A continuous test run shows that the new program is stable and reliable,precipitation and situation forecasting are improved to a certain degree,and typhoon forecasting experiments also have good results.


Chiodecton kurzii is referred to the genus Erythrodecton. E. kurzii i widely distributed in Asia and Australia but only known from very few localities. It is corticolous in open, rather dry tropical rain-forests.


Stevens Institute of Technology offers a graduate course on functional software testing that addresses test planning driven by use cases, the use of software tools, and the derivation of test cases to achieve coverage with minimal effort. The course also contains material on performance testing. Teaching performance testing and measurement in a university setting was challenging because giving the students access to a target system would have required more time, resources, and planning than were available. %neither the students nor the university typically have access to a system that can be tested and measured. We addressed these challenges (a) by showing the students how resource usage could be measured in a controlled way with the instrumentation that comes with most modern laptops by default, and (b) by having the students use JMeter to measure the response times of existing websites . We describe how students were introduced to the concept of a controlled performance test by playing recordings of the same musical piece with and without video. We make recommendations for the future avoidance of the emergent ethical issue that one should not subject one does not own to anything but the most trivial loads. We also describe some successes and pitfalls in this effort.


(57) Abstract: In constant bit rate encoder, the kernel MPEG encoder is connected after a buffer with a certain physical size. This buffer is used to smooth the variable bit rate output of the kernel MPEG encoder. Video Buffering Shogoko (VBV) is a concept used in encoder control that gives an upper limit of available buffer size, the minimum buffer size required by the decoder to decode all bit streams is there. Since the quantization control parameter can vary very large, when a large virtual buffer size than the size of the physical buffer has been introduced, thereby improving the resulting quality. Bit rate control is assumed to applications that use the storage device that has the capability to process a variable bit rate data stream (DVD). Accordingly, the encoder control strategy is adapted to this situation. For example, during 80% of the first half of the total reproduction time, for example, the average bit rate of only 95% of the normal average bit rate is produced. During the remaining 20% of the playback time, the value for the desired average bit rate, for example, be increased to 150% of the normal value. Virtual Buffer size between 80 percent of the first half, for example, is increased 100-fold, while the virtual buffer size during the latter half of the 20% decrease to normal values.


One possible explanation for the patient's complaint is that no matter how meticulous the joining of the borders of the incision are in this delicate conjunctival suture, this fragile membrane experiences a mild traction; therefore, if the ends of the suture on the silicone band are not hidden between its extremes, there is a strong possibility that *Corresponding author: Jorge Schwember, Centro Laser, Huanhuali 735, La Serena, 1720412, Chile, E-mail: email@example.com


A new BCB (Bamboo Charcoal Bonded) grinding wheel was developed by bamboo charcoal-phenolic resin composite under vacuum for ELID grinding technology. The pyrolysis behavior of the new bamboo charcoal-phenolic resin material was studied by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and structural characterization of the new material was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), the friction characteristics was also investigated in this paper.


Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs or dioxins) and polychorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs or furans) are produced unintentionally as by-products of industrial processes such as the combustion of waste products and the manufacture of pesticides and other chlorinated substances. They are also emitted from vehicles, the burning of salt-laden wood in coastal pulp and paper boilers, and in wood treatment.


The introduction of bamboo to montane rain forests of the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico in the 1930s and 1940s has led to present-day bamboo monocultures in numerous riparian areas. When a non-native species invades a riparian ecosystem, in-stream detritivores can be affected. Bamboo dynamics expected to influence stream communities in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) were examined. Based on current distributions, bamboo has spread downstream at a rate of 8 m y−1. Mean growth rate of bamboo culms was 15.3 cm d−1. Leaf fall from bamboo stands exceeded that of native mixed-species forest by c. 30% over a 10-mo study. Bamboo leaves (k = −0.021), and leaves from another abundant riparian exotic, Syzygium jambos (Myrtaceae) (k = −0.018), decayed at relatively slow rates when submerged in streams in fine-mesh bags which excluded macro-invertebrate leaf processors. In a second study, with leaf processors present, bamboo decay rates remained unchanged (k = −0.021), while decay rates of S. jambos increased (k = −0.037). Elemental losses from bamboo leaves in streams were rapid, further suggesting a change in riparian zone / stream dynamics following bamboo invasion. As non-indigenous bamboos spread along Puerto Rico streams, they are likely to alter aquatic communities dependent on leaf input.


In this paper, we introduced a P-buried (Pb) layer under trench gate which relieved the electric field crowding in the Non Punch Through Trench gate Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (NPT-TIGBT) structure. The Pb layer, with carrier concentration of 5x1016 cm-3, was created underneath the trench gate within the n-drift layer. In this way, the concentration of electric field at the trench bottom corner decreased. As a result, the breakdown voltage characteristics of NPT-TIGBT improved. The structures were proposed and verified by T-CAD Sentuarus simulation. From the simulation results, the breakdown voltage increased by approximately 30% compared with conventional NPT-TIGBT.


Design details of the high-temperature laboratory are given. An elementary theory of the processes which might occur in an exploding wire is outlined and, where possible, numerical examples are presented which can be applied to experiments. The electronic instrumentation program which includes traveling-wave scope techniques for measuring current and power in exploding wires with 10/sup -9/ sec resolution is described. Equipment development centered around three capacitor systems which are referred to as the Mylar capacitor, the water capacitor, and the Mylar water capacitor. The relevant parameters for the LRC circuits made from the three discharge systems and the exploding wire are listed. The Mylar capacitor was designed as the primary system in the program to obtain high-intensity x-ray pulses from exploding wires. The Mylar-water capacitor was developed to obtain a highvoltage capacitor with a discharge time approaching 10/sup -8/ seconds. The water capacitor was developed for use in exploding foils to produce strong shocks in solids. The high-speed optical instrumentation for exploding wire phenomens is described. (M.C.G.)


PURPOSE: A radio frequency identification equipment and a radio frequency identification tag having a security function are provided to apply security and authentication functions to an RFID tag. CONSTITUTION: A transmitting module(231) transmits carrier waves to a non-contact RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) tag(100). A receiving module(232) receives sub-carrier waves returned from the RFID tag(100). An encryption module(300) receives a tag unique code fixed in the RFID tag(100) for generating an authentication cipher for a tag based on the tag unique code and a predetermined user master key code. A central processing unit(210) controls the transmitting module(231), the receiving module(232), and the encryption module(300). The central processing unit(210) transmits the authentication cipher for a tag to the RFID tag(100) through the transmitting module(231) to record the authentication cipher for a tag at an authentication area of a memory of the RFID tag(100).


This paper can be considered as a little constribution to knowledge of fungal biodiversity in Namibia. Soils, seed dung and some vegetal substrata such as herb, leaves and bark were collected at random in order to investigate the presence of tropical microfungi and to determine the significance of some fungal taxa in the Namibian ecosystem. A total of 49 genera and 80 taxa predominantly anamorph of Ascomycota was recordered, most of them (51%) were isolated from soil and many were considered common tropical microfungi. The most representative isolate taxa in all substrata analized or in some of them were: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Bipolaris, Chaetomium, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Phoma . It is interesting to note in vegetables the presence of Lasiobolidium spirale , quite a rare species.


This investigation extends the theory of flow about suction aerofoils with split flaps considered in Reference 1 to take account of the standing vortex within the angle between aerofoil and flap. The strength and the equilibrium position of the vortex are calculated by applying the Kutta condition both at the trailing edge of the aerofoil and at the tip of the flap. It is shown that the standing vortex increases the lift coefficient, thus widening the discrepancy between theory end experiment reported in Reference 1; this discrepancy is believed to be due to flow separation near the leading edge. Stream linea are calculated for a particular configuration of aerofoil and split flap for which flow pictures were available. The calculated flow pattern indicates the existence of a cavity which is mainly influenced by the vortex end the sink. The stream lines inside and outside the cavity agree well with experiment.


Carbamates derived from various N,N'-disubstituted diamines were synthesized and evaluated as repellents for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with an in vitro blood-feeding test system. Several compounds were more effective than diethyltoluamide.


Bond theory is one of the most influential theories in criminology. Many researchers, however, have discarded the concept of involvements. This research reconceptualizes this concept. Factor analysis recovers seven routine patterns that measure involvement. These factors are then used in a multiple regression model to predict adolescent marijuana use. The routine patterns are powerful predictors of use, even when other elements of the bond are included in the equation.


The application of increasing doses of organic compost causes a positive response in the development of the maize plant which in turn, provides better conditions for the development of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, translated into higher weight gain of insect pupae. However, it does not interfere in the incidence of caterpillars and even in the presence of biological control agents.


We use Malliavin calculus and the Clark–Ocone formula to derive the hedging strategy of an arithmetic Asian Call option in general terms. Furthermore we derive an expression for the density of the integral over time of a geometric Brownian motion, which allows us to express hedging strategy and price of the Asian option as an analytic expression. Numerical computations which are based on this expression are provided.


Line spectra provide significant information in ship-radiated noise. Extracting spectral lines from ship-radiated noise is a key technique in identification of underwater targets. In this paper the physical causes and spectral characteristics of ship-radiated noise are first briefly introduced. Based on simulation of line spectral estimation with MATLAB, a unified analysis method is provided to estimate the spectral lines in ship-radiated noise ranging from DC to 100Hz using the periodographic method and modern spectrum estimation method for short-time series. The ship-radiated noise signals from two ships are analyzed by using the proposed method. A characteristic spectral line at 5.25Hz is found from a ship of type A moving at a medium speed, and characteristic spectral lines at 65.5Hz and 69.2Hz respectively are found from a ship of type B. The results show that the described method is effective in extracting spectral lines from ship-radiated noise.


The impact of UV-B radiation (290-315 nm) on bacterial activity and abundance in coastal water was studied in mesocosm experiments in May 1994 and May 1995 at Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Sweden. Mesocosms (6 m3) containing natural pelagic communities were exposed either to ambient irradiation (AMB), ambient irradiation with enhanced UV-B (+UV) (0.7 W m-2 4h every day around noon), or ambient irradiation screened for UV-B (-UV). Bacterial activity in the mesocosms was measured by means of thymidine incorporation in short-term tests during incubations at ambient irradiation, at ambient irradiation with enhanced UV-B, and at ambient irradiation screened for UV-B. In +UV mesocosms, bacterial activity was significantly stimulated when incubated at ambient radiation. The stimulating effect was suggested to be due to an increase in carbon or nutrient supply through a photodegradation of recalcitrant dissolved organic material (DOM). Low attenuation coefficients for UV-B and PAR (400-700 nm) in the +UV mesocosms supported this hypothesis. The bacterial activity in +UV mesocosms, however, was inhibited when incubations were made at enhanced UV-B irradiation, implying that the bacteria had become more sensitive to UV-B radiation. The increased sensitivity to UV-B exposure in bacterial assemblages that already had been exposed and stressed by UV-B radiation is suggested to be due to an overburdening of the energy- consuming DNA repair mechanism. The data suggest that increased UV-B radiation, which might occur with ozone depletion, may both stimulate and suppress bacterial activity in coastal waters, implying that the net outcome of enhanced UV-B radiation could be an unchanged bacterial activity.


The precision of sensor is affected greatly by temperature,and a new method is put forward for sensor temperature compensation based on Cloud Model Particle Swarm Optimization-Least Square Support Vector Machine(CMPSO-LSSVM).Cloud model particle swarm optimization(CMPSO)algorithm is proposed when cloud model algorithm was introduced into the convergence process of PSO algorithm.The simulations prove the CMPSO has better optimization performance than the other main PSOs.The CMPSO searches parameters for LSSVM and established the temperature compensation model of vibrating-wire sensor.This method improves the temperature stability and its accuracy is more better than the other main methods,which has been proved through experiments.


"The translation of Kalilah and Dimnah into Old Ottoman is important not only as a linguistic artefact, but also as a literary one. It can by no means be regarded as insignificant to those researching the collection
of Bidpai's fairy tales and its descendants. For it is the oldest known
Turkish translation of this book […]" – writes Ananiasz Zajączkowski in
his introduction to the Old Anatolian translation of Kalilah and Dimnah.
The copy was drawn up at the behest of Umur Beg (circa 1309–1347) from the Aydin Ogullari dynasty, which ruled over the land of today's Izmir, Aydin and Denizli. Zajączkowski estimates that the original text was written between 1309 (the year of the birth of Umur Beg) and 1334 (when Umur's father, Muhammad, died). Accordingly, the translator of Kalilah and Dimnah , Mes'ud, may be regarded as the same Mes'ud who translated Suheyl-u-Nevbahar . Two Turkish scholars, Mehmed Fuad Kopruluzade and Rif'at Kilisli, oppose this hypothesis. Zajączkowski refutes their arguments not only by using a number of specific examples from both texts and taking into consideration their inter-textual relationship, but also by drawing up statistics of rare lexical forms. In this paper I will try to develop Zajączkowski's thought and present his contribution to the research on this literary artefact.


This article describes how Extension professionals and university faculty collaborated on the planning, implementation, and evaluation of a conference to address a key societal issue. Needs assessment and evaluation results are presented as well as an explanation of how results were used in planning future conferences. With limited Extension budgets and personnel, partnering among Extension specialists, university faculty, and experts in relevant topics is a valuable and efficient way to provide the most impact for a community. Developing multiyear conferences to address significant societal issues may be a new way to increase Extension's impact.


1. Audio decoder for decoding a Multi-Site audio signal having the audio signal of the first type and second type of the sound signal encoded therein; many-audio signal includes a downmix signal (56) and additional information (58); Additional information includes information on the level (60) the audio signal of the first type and the audio signal of the second type in a first predetermined time / frequency resolution (42), and a residual signal (62) determines the magnitude of the residual level in the second predetermined time / frequency resolution, including means ( 52) for computing prediction coefficients (64) based on the level information (60); and means (54) for upmixing the downmix signal (56) based on the prediction coefficients (64) and the residual signal (62) to obtain first sound upmixing approaching to the audio signal of the first type and / or the second audio signal up- mixing approaching to the audio signal of the second type. ! 2. Audio decoder according to claim 1, wherein the additional information (58) further comprises a downmix prescription according to which the audio signal of the first type and the audio signal of the second type are downmixed into the downmix signal (56), wherein the means for upmixing is satisfied with the ability to continue to perform upmixing based on prescription downmix. ! 3. Audio decoder according to claim 2, wherein the downmix prescription varies in time within the additional information.


Data compression refers to reducing the amount of space needed to store data or reducing the amount of time needed to transmit data. Many data compression techniques allow encoding the compressed form of data with different compression ratio. In particular, in the case of LZ77 technique, it reduces the data concurrency of an input file. In the output of this technique it conveys more information that is actually not needed in practical. Removing the extra information from the encoded file that makes this algorithm more optimal. Our task is to identify how much extra information it conveys and how can we minimize it so that there is no trouble at the time of decoding. Basically the encoded output of LZ77 is the sequence of triplets (a structure of encoded output) that is in binary and having fix size. For making the triplets of fix size, sometimes we are creating unnecessary information. We present the method of variable triplet size as a way to improve LZ77 compression and demonstrate it through many experiments. In our optimization algorithm we are getting more compression ratio compare to the conventional LZ77 data compression algorithm.


Children, it is well known, go through a developmental stage in which they omit functional material, a fact that is often attributed to a missing of deficient functional structure in the early grammar. We argue that the systematic omission of functional material, on the contrary, argues for the presence of functional structure, as in the absence of such structure what is expected is not a systematic omission of functional material but rather its random (over) use. Random use of functional material is attested in agrammatic speech in which we suggest it may indeed stem from absent or deficient functional structure. On the other hand, the early grammar is characterized by full, albeit phonologically unrealized, functional structures. Such phonologically unrealized functional structures, we suggest, are interpreted in the early grammar through Discourse-linking using principles that are available through Universal Grammar and that are otherwise attested in natural language.


In this paper the authors intend to present the results of the experimental research on the dowel joints applied for 18mm particleboard panels, in order to determine the optimal embedment depth of the dowels, depending on the mechanical resistance of the joint. For this purpose edge to edge joints and "T" type joints of the particleboard panels have been made, using dowel pins of different diameters (6, 8 and 10mm) and various embedment depths (10, 15, 18, 20 and 25mm). These joints were subjected to parallel and respectively perpendicular tensile stresses, depending on the joint type. The experimental results show that the tensile strength, no matter if parallel or perpendicular, increases with the increasing of the embedment depth of the dowel, the best values being recorded for the applied dowels of 8mm diameter.


Previous research has shown that the open source movement shares a common ideology. Employees belonging to the open source movement often advocate the use of open source software within their organization. Hence, their belief in the underlying open source software ideology may influence the decision making on the adoption of open source software. This may result in an ideological—rather than pragmatic—decision. A recent study has shown that American organizations are quite pragmatic in their adoption decision. We argue that there may be circumstances in which there is more opportunity for ideological behavior. We therefore investigated the organizational adoption decision in Belgian organizations. Our results indicate that most organizations are pragmatic in their decision making. However, we have found evidence that suggests that the influence of ideology should not be completely disregarded in small organizations.


The name "reovirus" was first introduced by Sabin (1959) to designate as an independent group a number of viruses which possessed distinctive properties and which were associated with the alimentary and respiratory tracts of man and a number of species of animal. Reoviruses have been isolated mainly from fecal extracts and from anal swabs, partly because these are the commonest materials available for investigation; to a less extent they have been found in throat swabs and nasal washings. Strains from human sources have come mostly from young children. These viruses do not appear to be normal inhabitants of the alimentary or respiratory tracts; their isolation is a relatively infrequent occurrence and even when present in specimens the titer is low. Excretion persists only for short periods of time and is not necessarily a reliable index of infection. From their growth characteristics in tissue culture viral multiplication is slow and there is a prolonged intracellular phase. It has also been found that a measurable degree of immunity may be present before virus excretion is demonstrated. The first reported isolation of a virus now a member of this group was by Stanley, Dorman, and Ponsford (1953, 1954) in Australia. When looking for Coxsackie viruses in fecal extracts they unearthed an agent with unusual effects in newborn mice including jaundice, oily fur, retarded growth, encephalomyelitis, and alopecia. The agent also produced pocks on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertile eggs but was not a t the time grown in tissue culture. They called it a hepato-encephalomyelitis virus because it seemed distinct from any other type they had encountered. In the United States the use of tissue culture methods when studying the stools of healthy children enabled Ramos-Alvarez and Sabin (1954, 1956) to isolate a number of virus types. These were first referred to as human enteric viruses from their association with the alimentary tract and then, because of their growth in primary cell cultures, their lack of association with any specific disease, and their apparent lack of pathogenicity for newborn mice they were transferred to the ECHO group of viruses. Of these the type 10 ECHO viruses differed in their properties from the other enteroviruses. Additional strains related to this type, obtained from sources such as the longitudinal studies of nursery children by Rosen and his colleagues (1960a, b ) , showed sufficient antigenic divergence to merit their reclassification into an entirely new group of viruses.


If the isolated system of bosons and fermions was initially in a pure maximally entangled quantum state, then, as a result of decoherence caused by the creation and annihilation of particles, this system not only enters a mixed state but also achieves equilibrium. The time of such a transition does not depend on the size of the system but is determined only by the properties of the particles. This phenomenon allows the problem of the horizon (the homogeneity of the universe) to be solved, since the transition time of different parts of the universe (if they were originally entangled with each other) to equilibrium will not depend on their sizes, and the speed of the interaction may be greater than the speed of light. Based on the decay of entangled states, the problem of the predominance of matter over antimatter in the universe can also be solved.


[Objective] The research aimed to study the biological characteristics of H.fraxini Panzer and its control countermeasures in Maoershan,Heilongjiang Province.[Method] The investigation in field and observation in lab were used.[Result] H.fraxini Panzer has one generation a year in Maoershan,Heilongjiang Province and overwinters as adults in host barks.In the middle of May,adults appeared and invaded debilitating wood or new fallen log mating spawning.In late May larvae hatched.In early July,larvae pupate and pupa started eclosion in late July.We should strengthen quarantine to quarantine measures for the main prevention and treatment,and be ware of seedlings,wood and its products with worms spread.[Conclusion] The study can provide references for integrated management of H.fraxini Panzer.


This paper analyzes the relevancy quantitatively in Distributed Storage Network(DSN) in the view of attributes relativity of data share.Based on the analysis,it presents a new mean-weight clustering algorithm in distributed storage networks based on the idea of dispersing correlative data share on different storage nodes.According to the simulative test,the algorithm can greatly lower compromising probability after taking the datarelativity into consideration.


An electronic device includes a computer system configured to concurrently execute a primary application and one or more secondary applications, one or more subsystems configured to operate in a full-power mode and one or more reduced-power modes, and a resource management module including one or more power mode timers. The resource management module sets a full-power mode timer based on an application-specific full-power requirement for the primary application executing on the electronic device, and instructs the one or more subsystems to operate in full-power mode for a duration of the full-power mode timer. Responsive to an indication of an input to the electronic device, the indication including an input-specific full-power requirement, the resource management module increases the duration of the full-power mode timer based on the duration of the application-specific full-power requirement for the primary application.


PURPOSE: An image sensor capable of measuring for illuminance, proximity, and color temperature of an object by installing a second sensing unit around a first sensing unit and separately operating the second sensing unit from the first one. CONSTITUTION: A light source(110) project infrared ray having a certain wavelength on an object. A light source control part(120) controls power supplied to the light source. A first sensing unit(160) includes an image pixel getting the image of the object which is projected through an infrared ray filter. An illumination detector receives external light passed through the infrared ray filter and measures the illuminance of the object.


This work describes the scandium doping effect on the structural and magnetic properties of delafossite-type oxides CuCr1 - xScxO2. The lattice parameters were found to vary according to Vegard's low. A reflection broadening is observed, that is ascribed to local lattice distortion due to the ionic radius difference between Cr3+ and the non-magnetic dopants. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show that the dominant interactions are antiferromagnetic (AFM) but that doping induces significant changes. The coupling between the local spins at the Cr sites and doped metal transition may enhance spin fluctuations at the Cr sites, which break the residual magnetic degeneracy as fluctuation-induced symmetry breaking in a highly magnetic degenerate ground state manifold of some frustrated systems.


Do scientists and poets use words in the same way? My physicist friend Barbara certainly thinks she is a poet. "After all," she says, "in my work I'm interested in beauty as well as truth." Many physicists – and scientists in general – would probably admit to having an interest in aesthetic principles. The concepts of elegance, simplicity, economy and beauty arise again and again in their work.


The user interface and supervisory control subsystem (UISC) of the W. M. Keck Observatory Adaptive Optics (AO) system serves three main purposes. First, it is the single point of control for the AO system, the wavefront controller subsystem, the optics bench subsystem and the laser subsystem. Second, it manages the coordination and supervision of the AO subsystems to provide a user-friendly facility with a high degree of automation. Third, it interacts with the other observatory systems as needed. The UISC is primarily a software system. The critical design of this subsystem is currently under way.


Noteremus summus gen. n., sp. n. occurs at 1100-1300 m on the summit of Mt Weld, southern Tasmania, while its congener N. infi mus sp. n. is troglobitic in caves in the Junee-Florentine karst, 30-40 km to the northwest. Like species of Paredrodesmus Mesibov, 2003 and Procophorella Mesibov, 2003, Noteremus spp. have a head + 19 rings, no sphaerotrichomes and pore formula 5, 7-18, and are not assigned to family within the suborder Dalodesmidea. Asphalidesmus golovatchi sp. n. occurs in caves and in forest litter in far southern Tasmania, and the adults have paramedian and median tergal projections. Asphalidesmus Silvestri, 1910 is removed from Polydesmidea, Haplodesmidae and placed in Dalodesmidea without family assignment.