At the beginning of 20th century,the conflicts between traditional country culture and modern urban civilization became increasingly fierce in Britain.Confronting various conflicts in the society,Edward Morgan Foster puts forward "connect" as a remedy for disharmony caused by industry and commerce.In Howards End,Foster describes characters' love and marriage,exploring the necessity,possibility and difficulty of "connect".Foster's "connect" reflects his ideal and concern as a liberalist and humanist.


This study is intended to enhance students' reading vocabulary through task-based instruction. It was also devised not only to answer how the strategy can enhance students' reading vocabulary but also to get data about students' vocabulary retention two weeks after the implementation and students' responses towards the strategy. The participants of this study were 30 ninth graders in SMPN 11 Malang in the second semester of 2019/2020 academic year. Classroom Action Research (CAR) was used as the research design. Vocabulary test, questionnaire, observation sheet, and interview session were the instruments of this study. There were three vocabulary tests, namely vocabulary test one, vocabulary test two, and delayed test. The result showed that there was an improvement in students' scores. 90% of students achieved at least 25 improvement points for the vocabulary test two, 61% of students passed the delayed vocabulary test, and 97.5% of students responded positively toward the strategy. TBI could enhance vocabulary acquisition from the context and task's characteristics. The context of the text helped students to give a clue about some forgotten vocabularies, so they felt less burdened to remember the vocabulary in the whole text because they generally understand the context of the text.


Carbon and sulfur stable isotope ratios, as well as fatty acid composition of tissues, of dominant consumer species were determined and compared to those of potential food sources in an isolated community of Zostera marina in a shallow, semi-enclosed inlet of the Sea of Japan. Of the 6 dominant species of invertebrates, 4 species were enriched in 13 C, compared to all sampled carbon sources alternative to Z. marina. Among them, the grazing gastropods Littorina squalida and Homa- lopoma sangarense exhibited the most enriched δ 13 C values. On the dual δ 13 C versus δ 34 S plot, these mollusks occupy an intermediate position between Z. marina and epiphytes, suggesting nearly equal proportions of organic carbon from both nutritional sources. In lipids of H. sangarense there was a high content of the 18:1(n-7) acid characteristic of aerobic bacteria; however, another grazer (L. squalida) showed the lowest content of bacterial fatty acids among all consumers. Other highly 13 C-enriched consumers were the surface-deposit-feeding mollusks, the gastropod Batillaria cumingii and the bivalve Macoma incongrua; however, their δ 34 S values were markedly lower than those of any of the primary producers sampled, including Z. marina. Although the high δ 13 C values of grazers and surface-deposit feeders are suggestive of a great contribution of Z. marina organic car- bon, no substantial concentrations of seagrass marker fatty acids were detected. Significant interspe- cific variations of both the sulfur isotope ratios and the fatty acid composition of these consumers sug- gest that there are a variety of pathways by which seagrass organic matter reaches invertebrates at lower trophic levels of the community food web. Dominant filter feeders, the bivalves Ruditapes philippinarum and Pillucina pisidium, had carbon drastically different in isotopic composition from Z. marina organic matter. Body tissues of P. pisidium and especially its gills, which bear symbiotic bacteria, were dramatically depleted both in 13 C and 34 S compared to all sources of photosyntheti- cally fixed carbon in the bay. Very low δ 13 C and δ 34 S values of P. pisidium body together with a high content of 18:1(n-7) acid suggest a leading role of sulfur-oxidizing symbiotic bacteria in the nutrition of this species. R. philippinarum was only slightly 13 C-enriched, compared to POM, and was the only consumer which had the high concentration of fatty acids characteristic of plankton, particularly 22:6(n-3). At the same time, it was much more 34 S-depleted than would be expected, assuming neg- ligible contribution of Z. marina detritus to its food. This mollusk showed a high content of branched fatty acids, especially the iso17:0 and anteiso17:0 acids characteristic of bacteria from sediment; this suggests that R. philippinarum assimilated notable amounts of bacteria from resuspended sediment. Furthermore, the contribution of 34 S-depleted bacteria, which inhabit reduced sediment, to R. philip- pinarum nutrition was high enough to result in the observed depletion of 34 S in mollusks. Further progress in food web studies of seagrass ecosystems using a complex of multiple stable isotope and fatty acid analyses would appear possible on the basis of analysis of separate components of the sea- grass epiphytic community and micro- and meiobenthic organisms, inhabiting surface sediments.


Objective: To investigate the effects of specific immunotheraphy(SLIT) using allergens for children with atopic dermatitis(AD) to find an efficacious method to treat AD.Method: 96 children with AD were divided into SLIT group and control group.All patients were given dermatophagoides farinate(DF) tests.The patients in SLIT group received SLIT using DF drops for 12 to 20 months.The patients in control group received the treatment of antihistamine drugs and drugs for external use.Result: Total effective rate and curative rate of SLIT group was 93.2% and 68.9% respectively,and those of control group was 68.9% and 17.6% respectively,which had a significant difference between the two groups(P0.01).Conclusion: Sublingual immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis in children is effective.


This work presents contributions for the strategic management for science and technology institutions, based on one of the Mintzberg configurations integrated to a performance evaluation system provided with indicators adapted to the nature of these institutions. To develop this management perspective for science and technology institutions, have been performed a analysis of the existing literature about management designed and performance evaluation system, and about management for science and technology - ST have been apply a questionnaire with the research leaders in the S&T institution selected, and have been interviews made with the managers of that institution, to check the results obtained and for discuss the applicability of the proposal to the management that institution. The results obtained have demonstrated that this proposal of the a management system based on the adhocratic configuration associate to the performance evaluation system such as balanced scorecard, presents applicability in the science and technology institutions, implying, however, that it should be submitted to some adjustments and improvements according to the peculiarity of each institution.


Through on-site diseases investigation and statistic,combining with relevant mechanical theories and construction experience,it studies and analyzes the commonness of paving urban asphalt layer pavement and diseases causes with large hazards.By combining with domestic paving layer processing experiences and theoretical analysis,it further discusses the preventive measures of the paving layers,which has significant meaning for pavement utilization life.


The main theme of this thesis is the connection between weighted biharmonic Green functions and weighted Bergman kernels. In the first paper, which is a joint work with H. Hedenmalm and S. Shimorin, we prove that weighted biharmonic Green functions are positive for weights which satisfy a mean-value condition and whose logarithms are subharmonic. To achieve this, we use a variational formula due to J. Hadamard, weighted Hele-Shaw flow, as well as a new structural formula for the analytic Bergman kernel. The result has applications to the factorization theory in weighted Bergman spaces. In the subsequent papers, we continue to investigate Bergman kernels and Green functions. In the second paper, we analyze the singularity of the weighted analytic and harmonic Bergman kernels for a general smooth weight in a domain with smooth boundary. In the third paper, we apply the theory of semigroups to one of the arguments in the first paper. It turns out that if the harmonic Bergman kernel for a starshaped domain satisfies a certain inequality, then the biharmonic Green function for the domain is positive. In the fourth paper, we show how the Friedrichs operator can be used to expand the harmonic Bergman kernel in terms of the analytic counterpart for a simply connected domain. Under certain conditions on the conformal map from the unit disk to the domain, we obtain a pointwise estimate of the harmonic Bergman kernel. (Less)


Thermal comfort evaluation for vehicle occupants is very complicated due to the transient nature and non-uniformity of the vehicle interior. The thermal sensation of an automobile occupant is affected by the surrounding environment. Furthermore, the existing standard was developed for steady state and controlled conditions and it utilizes three evaluation indices, some of which are not adapted for this complex environment. In this article, the three standardized indices are compared in terms of thermal comfort, for a passenger vehicle in summer season. The results show that the mean values of the PMV/PPD model calculated at a single point with Comfort Sense equipment are far from the TSV mean values which were collected in questionnaires, while the teq index which was calculated with an advanced thermal manikin are closer to the TSV comfort votes. This may be explained by the fact that the TSV and teq consider the sensation for each body part at the local level. For a correct evaluation of the thermal comfort in non-uniform and transient environments like in vehicles, it is not enough to measure a single point.


G-band patterns are described for the karyotypes of both genera and all subgenera of mormoopid bats. A nomenclatural system is proposed for the mormoopid genome in which each autosomal arm is numbered and all bands on each arm are numbered from the centromere to the telomere. G-band patterns indicate that the karyotypes have remained stable throughout the evolution of the family; both species of Mormoops appear to differ from Pteronotus only by the presence in the former of a prominent G-positive region proximal to the centromere of arm 2. Mormoops blainvilli also possessed a prominent G-positive band in the distal end of arm 9 that stained lightly in all other species. C-band patterns of Mormoops megalophylla showed that most heterochromatic regions were centromeric, and silver-nitrate staining in this species and two species of Pteronotus showed that all possessed three pairs of nucleolar organizer regions on the centromeric ends of acrocentric chromosomes. G-band patterns suggest that the karyotype of ...


The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine rehabilitation nurses' experiences providing spiritual care. Rehabilitation nurses provide care for patients and their families after life-threatening events and are in a unique position to meet holistic health care needs. Little is written about rehabilitation nurses' perceptions of providing spiritual care. Fourteen rehabilitation nurses self-identified as providing spiritual care and agreed to participate in individual interviews. The interviews focused on the nurses' definition of spiritual care, interventions the nurses perceived as spiritual and their comfort in providing spiritual care. More studies are needed to determine if providing spiritual care improves patient outcomes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Provided is a fault identification and protection method of an electrified railway AT traction network. When network voltage is lower than a specified value, labeling no-load trend symbol values of the near ends and the far ends of a touch net T and a negative feeder F in each self-coupling segment with 0, labeling influent trend symbol values with 1, labeling effluent trend symbol values with -1, if an absolute value of a sum of the trend symbol values of two ends of the touch net T in each self-coupling segment is larger than or equal to 1, or a failure absolute value of a sum of the trend symbol values of two ends of the negative feeder F is larger than or equal to 1, or a failure absolute value of a sum of the trend symbol values of two ends of a touch net T branch and a negative feeder F branch is larger than or equal to 1, respectively judging the touch net T to be in short circuit failure to the ground, or the negative feeder F to be in short circuit failure to the ground, or the touch net T to be in short circuit failure to the negative feeder F, and breaking off all breakers at two ends of each self-coupling segment. Short-circuit reactance calculated according to corresponding voltage and short-circuit current at two ends of each self-coupling segment and the corresponding length of the self-coupling segment determine failure positions.


This study assessed whether reuse of the female condom was acceptable among two groups of women in central Johannesburg, South Africa, who were taking part in two separate studies of female condom reuse. The first group consisted of women (aged 17 to 43years) attending a family planning/sexually transmitted infections (STIs) clinic who were participating in a cross-sectional survey of the acceptability of female condoms reuse (n=100). The second group included women (aged 18–40 years) at high risk for STI (80% self-declared sex workers) who were taking part in an ongoing cohort study to investigate the safety of reuse of the female condom through a structural integrity and microbial retention study (n=50). Among women participating in the acceptability study, 83% said that they would be willing to reuse the female condom, and 91% thought the idea of reuse, of the female condom was acceptable. All women taking part in the safety of reuse study and who reused the female condom up to seven time (n=49) reported that the steps involved in reusing the device were easy to perform and acceptable. All 49 women said they would reuse the female condom at least once, while 45% said they would use it a maximum of seven or eight times. From the results of the interviews with both study groups, it can be concluded that, among women in a South African urban environment who have used a male and/or female condom, the concept of reuse of the female condom is acceptable and thought to be a good idea.


By use of the finite-difference method of numerical analysis, a detailed numerical solution is obtained for the complete one-dimensional continuity equation, to study the transient and steady-state behavior of p-n junction diodes at moderate-to-high injection levels. The solution of the continuity equation is obtained for minority carriers in the base of a diode under the influence of drift, diffusion, and recombination. From the calculated distribution of minority carriers in the base, minority-carrier and majority-carrier currents and their components are obtained. The electric field and its components in the base are determined, and the total voltage across the diode and its components are calculated. All results are obtained for transient and steady-state conditions. The effect of variations of certain physical parameters on the diode behavior is investigated. All calculations were performed on the IBM 709 digital computer.


Piezoelectric inertia motors make use of the inertia of a slider to drive the slider by friction contact in a series of small steps which are generally composed of a stick phase and a slip phase. If the best electrical drive signal for the piezoelectric actuator in an inertia motor is to be determined, its dynamical behaviour must be known. A classic dynamic lumped parameter model for piezoelectric actuators is valid only in resonance and, therefore, is not suitable for modelling the actuator in an inertia motor. A reduced dynamic model is used instead. Its parameters are identified using a step response measurement. This model is used to predict the movement of the actuator in response to a velocity-optimized signal introduced in a separate contribution. Results show that the model cannot represent the dynamical characteristics of the actuator completely. For determining voltage signals that let piezoelectric actuators follow a calculated movement pattern exactly, the model can, therefore, only be used with limitations.


Larrea divaricata Cav. is a plant growing in South America. Both the infusion and a derived fraction (F1) of L. divaricata have proved to have immunomodulatory properties. Moreover, F1 can activate macrophages obtained from mice infected with Candida albicans. In this work, F1 was administrated to infected animals, and the state and type of activation of resident macrophages were studied. Results showed that F1 was able to activate macrophages obtained from infected mice by both classical and alternative pathways, probably by inducing a translocation of nuclear factor kappa‐B. F1 increases not only the lysosomal activity of macrophages but also the production of phagosomal superoxide anion as a consequence of the activation of the Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) complex. F1 induced an increase in the macrophage capacity to kill the fungus, which was reflected in a decrease in the levels of colonization of organs. A main flavonoid, kaempferol‐3,4′‐dimethylether, was identified in F1 by HPLC. This compound increased in vitro production of nitric oxide in heat‐killed C. albicans‐stimulated macrophages. The flavonoid could thus be considered one of the responsible molecules mediating the overall effects of F1 on the immune system in infected animals. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract The Bombay High, an oil-bearing structure in the Arabian Sea, is situated in the offshore extension of the Tertiary Cambay Basin. It is a doubly plunging anticline with a northwestern trend, bound to the east by a major synsedimentary fault parallel to the Dharwarian grain. This grain is reflected by the structural elements in Deccan trap lava flows, which form the basement of the basin. Palaeostructural analysis indicates that the eastern flank fault was active and quiescent at different geological ages. These movements are reflected in the stratigraphic section over the structure. Seismic data over the structure show increasing thickness of sedimentary section on the flanks with a rapid increase to the east, across the synsedimentary fault. The wells drilled on the crest and on the flanks of the structure support the above. Late Eocene and Early Oligocene fauna, noted in a well on another structure to the east of the fault, are absent on the crest of the structure. The lithostratigraphy of the early Tertiary section on the structure and in the deeper part of the basin points out the difference in the environment of deposition. All evidence suggests that a palaeogeomorphic 'high' is the cause of the Bombay High structure. The early formation of the structure favoured the accumulation of oil in suitable reservoir rocks.


This study aims to adopt illusion for role of time management, communication management and cost management (TCCM) on project management success (PMS): an empirical study on sample of construction projects customers in Makkah City of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These four variables have been known to have strong influences on construction projects customers in Makkah City of KSA. The researcher draw their conceptual foundations from previous studies, and test the model and data analysis was based on multivariate statistical techniques encompassing Cronbach's alpha (α) to test reliability, percentage and frequency, descriptive analysis to describe the sample, multiple linear regression, via using SPSS analysis software. This paper emphasises the role of time, communication, and cost management (TCCM) on PMS, the study demonstrates that there is positive role of TCCM on PMS. The findings are expected to provide researchers with useful insights to conduct future studies on TCCM independent variables on PMS dependent variable.


The connections of wind farms with electricity grids must meet the Grid Code requirements. This paper first describes technical issues and challenges for connecting a wind farm with a grid, and commercial and technical benefits of using the power electronic based FACTS devices in AC connection solution. Case studies are presented showing how system stability performances are enhanced by using the FACTS devices in AC connection solution. After that, the paper investigates the use of Line-Commutated Converter HVDC (LCC HVDC) and Voltage Source Converter HVDC (VSC Transmission) for connecting large offshore wind farms to the grid. Case studies of using both LCC HVDC and VSC Transmission for large wind farm connections are also presented. Simulation results show the satisfactory performance of the proposed connection solutions during various conditions such as power variation, and grid AC faults.


This paper presents an analytical review about smart home network, their working and technologies from a security standpoint. It highlights various security flaws in a different smart home networks. It clearly explain, why a smart home is such an easy target for the attackers, it also discuss the role of interfaces in a smart home network by describing the scenario in which smart home network can be easily trapped. It also explains various types of home automation techniques along with the attacks which are quite more vulnerable to the smart home networks. As there of now there are many vulnerabilities which are exploiting the smart home network but no strong defensive mechanism has been developed till yet. It also indicates the basic components of a smart home network and the possible attacks which can be happen on a smart home networks.


A large variety of solutions for widening the dynamic range (DR) of CMOS image sensors has been proposed throughout the years. We propose a set of criteria upon which an effective comparative analysis of the performance of wide-DR (WDR) sensors can be done. Sensors for WDR are divided into seven categories: 1) companding sensors; 2) multimode sensors; 3) clipping sensors; 4) frequency-based sensors; 5) time-to-saturation (time-to-first spike) sensors; 6) global-control-over-the-integration-time sensors; and 7) autonomous-control-over-the-integration-time sensors. The comparative analysis for each category is based upon the quantitative assessments of the following parameters: signal-to-noise ratio, DR extension, noise floor, minimal transistor count, and sensitivity. These parameters are assessed using consistent assumptions and definitions, which are common to all WDR sensor categories. The advantages and disadvantages of each category in the sense of power consumption and data rate are discussed qualitatively. The influence of technology advancements on the proposed set of criteria is discussed as well.


Abstract Background Phosphorylation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) at serine 843 inhibits its activity. mTOR phosphorylation of ULK1 prevents this MR phosphorylation. Purpose To study the relationship between mTOR and MR and its role in the modulation of aldosterone signaling. Methods Mouse cortical collecting duct M1 cells stably expressing the rat wild type MR or mutated MR (mu/S843A) and a Gaussia luciferase gene reporter under a hormone response promoter tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) were incubated with mTOR activator and inhibitors in the presence and absence of aldosterone or corticosterone. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to study protein interactions with the MR, and a phospho-serine antibody was used to demonstrate MR and ULK1 phosphorylation. Effects of mTOR knockdown in M1 cells by lentiviral transduction with CRISPR/gRNA for Raptor and Rictor were also studied. Results mTOR and the adaptor proteins of mTOR complex 1 and 2, Raptor and Rictor, respectively, co-precipitated with the MR of M1-rMR cells. Expression levels of these proteins were not changed by aldosterone. mTOR inhibitors significantly reduced ligand-induced MR reporter gene transactivation, however the mTOR activator MHY1485 had no effect. CRISPR/gRNA gene knockdown of Raptor or Rictor also inhibited MR activation stimulated by ligands, supporting a role of mTOR in maintaining the active MR. The mTOR inhibitor AZD8055 attenuated ligand-mediated MR gene transcription assessed by the reporter gene product and measurement of products of the endogenous MR target genes ACSBG1, LCN2 and Psca. AZD8055 also decreased phospho-ULK1 levels in a dose-dependent manner. We thus assumed that mTOR decreases ULK1 activity and prevents ULK1 phosphorylation of the MR at Serine (S843). Indeed, phosphorylation of the MR was increased in M1-rMR cells treated with AZD8055. However, AZD8055 still inhibited ligand-induced MR activity in cells carrying the mutated MR in which the Serine at 843 was replaced with an Alanine. These results suggest that mTOR has an additional role in MR activity unrelated to the specific phosphorylation at S843 by ULK1. This merits further investigation. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 11:15 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.


A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different N application rate on the yield and quality of Nectarine in greenhouse at the Xiaoren Fruit Industry Company fruit tree planting base in Yongning county in Ningxia. The results showed that in a certain range the nectarine yield increased significantly along with the increased rates of nitrogen application. However, when the N application amount exceeded 375 kg/hm2, along with the increased rates of nitrogen application the yield of the nectarine decreased. The sugar accumulation rate as well as the sugar and acid ratio decreased along with the increased N application amount. The content of Vitamin C in nectarine decreased along with increased N application, but further increased N application amount led to the rising up of the Vitamin C.


Through years of intensive research and heavy investment in imaging technologies,spatial,spectral and temporal fidelities of digital images are steadily improving and now can match and even exceed those of traditional film.However,no matter how much sensor technologies advance,new,more exciting and exotic applications will always present themselves that demand even higher image precision.Researchers in medicine,space,engineering and sciences all have insatiable desire for imaging ever more minuscule and subtle details.Users cannot solely count on raw sensor capability to satisfy their needs.There exist hard physical limits on native fidelity of imaging devices.Therefore,signal processing techniques to algorithmically improve native sensor precision are and will be playing an important role in the fields of image and video processing and computer vision.In this talk,we will examine challenging technical problems in the field of high-fidelity image/video processing,and review scientific and engineering approaches,both established and emerging,to overcoming these technical challenges.


In the present study, a reliability analysis calculating the probability of system failure has been performed using cut set and results of numerical analysis for unsteady flow in pipe. Especially, the probability of system failure has been evaluated regarding the effect of valve closure which is a really important activity in operation of piping system. In spite of small amount of demand, it was found that fast valve closure can generate high probability of system failure. Furthermore, it was confirmed that surge tank can reduce the unsteady effects and probability of system failure in water distribution system. From the results, it was found that the unsteady flow has a significant effect on the probability of system failure Furthermore, it was able to find which pipe or cut set has high probability of system failure. So it could be used to determine which pipe or cut set has a priority of repair and replacement. Therefore, reliability analysis regarding unsteady flow has to be performed for the planning, designing, maintenance, and operation of piping system.


Late time synthetic spectra of type Ia supernovae, based on three-dimensional deflagration models, are presented. We mainly focus on one model, "c3_3d_256_10s", for which the hydrodynamics (Ropke 2005, A&A, 432, 969) and nucleosynthesis (Travaglio et al. 2004, A&A, 425, 1029) was calculated up to the homologous phase of the explosion. Other models with different ignition conditions and different resolution are also briefly discussed. The synthetic spectra are compared to observed late time spectra. We find that while the model spectra after 300 to 500 days show a good agreement with the observed Fe II-III features, they also show too strong O I and C I lines compared to the observed late time spectra. The oxygen and carbon emission originates from the low-velocity unburned material in the central regions of these models. To get agreement between the models and observations we find that only a small mass of unburned material may be left in the center after the explosion. This may be a problem for pure deflagration models, although improved initial conditions, as well as higher resolution decrease the discrepancy. The relative intensity from the different ionization stages of iron is sensitive to the density of the emitting iron-rich material. We find that clumping, with the presence of low density regions, is needed to reproduce the observed iron emission, especially in the range between 4000 and 6000 A. Both temperature and ionization depend sensitively on density, abundances and radioactive content. This work therefore illustrates the importance of including the inhomogeneous nature of realistic three-dimensional explosion models. We briefly discuss the implications of the spectral modeling for the nature of the explosion.


Objective: To develop a method in the determination of somatostatin level in blood for clinical medication. Methods: A method for the determination of somatostatin(Octreotide) in serum by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector(DAD) was developed.After ultrafiltration,the pH values of blood samples were adjusted to 4,and samples were analyzed by Kromasil C18 column(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm i.d.) with a large pore(300) by acetonitrile/water/trifluoroacetic acid(20/80/0.01%,v/v) as mobile phase. Results:The recovery rate of Octreotide was 85%,and the calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 0.006-0.5 mg/mL. Conclusion: The method is suitable for the detection of Octreotide content by liquid chromatography.


Acne has a high impact on patients being a chronic, common, and visible skin condition. Knowledge regarding treatment improves outcomes. The Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) is commonly used in clinical practice for quality‐of‐life assessment. It has been validated in many languages, however, not in Romanian.


The time evolution and the statistic characteristic of the light phase in the Tavis-Cummings (T-C) model of two identical two-level atoms coupled to a strong coherent light field are studied by means of the Pegg-Barnett phase theory. It is proved that the dipole-dipole interaction between atoms will lead to the frequency shift of light, the weakening of the degree of atom-field coupling and the restraint of light phase diffusion.


Ethiopia introduced various Economic Reform Programs including investment incentive reforms since 1992. The main reason Ethiopia introducing various investment incentive reforms including tax incentive is to create enabling environment for both domestic and foreign investors, and thereby create employment opportunity, boost economic growth and broaden the tax base. However those government assumption and stated objectives were not achieved since the role of private investment in the overall development of the country is very low and it is also lag behind some East African countries. If this so, why the government of Ethiopia introduce and implement various incentive packages requires investigation on how the tax incentives were design and implemented and make comparative analysis with relatively better performing East African countries with nearly similar level of development. Owing to this, this article tries to address those issues by employing both primary and secondary data.


In order to facilitate measurements of the behavior of a xenon laser over a range of gas pressures, we have developed a method for controlling the pressure in a sealed-off tube.


We would like to begin by commending the efforts of Hamlet and Harcourt in eliciting the life experiences of a patient population that is relatively underrepresented in the literature. We read with interest about the experiences and insights older patients with cleft lip/palate had regarding their perceptions of their own appearance and specific selfidentified needs. We would like to introduce two points for consideration. First, we noticed that there was no further demographic information about the patients interviewed except the general comment that they were geographically dispersed, white residents of the UnitedKingdom. However, we think demographic information, such as upbringing (e/g/. rural or urban childhood, singleor two-parent household), socioeconomic status, and educational level, would prove helpful in establishing a baseline understanding of the patients and the relative changes they experienced over the years. For instance, socioeconomic status would help further delineate the extent to which patients had access to varying levels of surgical care and to ancillary medical care, such as speech therapy. Did the patients' background and socioeconomic strata afford better access to health care? Was the environment more supportive for accepting the patients' facial differences?Were the families able to pay for speech and dental services or other out-of-pocket expenses that provided the patients with better functional and aesthetic outcomes that improved their integration with peers and society? We commend the authors because this study is helping to raise more awareness and further questions that we as a community need to continue to investigate to improve care of patients with cleft. Second, relationships also affect perceived self-confidence. Several studies have shown beneficial and psychoprotective effects for patients who are married or in a longterm relationship with regards to self-confidence and resiliency, even across various cultures (Marks and Lambert, 1998; Diener et al., 2000; Kim and McKenry, 2002; Cordova et al., 2014). Information regarding the duration of marriage for married patients or inquiries regarding long-term relationships for single patients would be useful information that could help elucidate reasons why older patients with cleft lip/palate are generally more selfconfident and less concerned about their appearance. In addition to the authors' proposal that with age comes more acceptance of one's personal appearance, we also believe the role of personal and social relationships is one that is worth considering, especially in the light of changing attitudes over time. Overall, the authors have initiated a critical step in surveying a relatively older generation of patients who have a wealth of information and experience. By illuminating these concerns and experiences in older patients with cleft lip/palate, there is no doubt that this information will be crucial in promoting understanding and better patient care in this population.


Twotechniquesforimproving the convergence and accuracyofthe Cumulant methodarepresented.The LargeDeviations Approachthathasalreadybeenusedin a three-cumulant versionwith excelentresultsis formulated recursively thusallowing toeffectively use any numberof cuMulants.A newexpansioncentering technique that significantly improves the accuracyof the method is also presentedand implemented recursively.Numericalresults show that these enhancements arequiteeffective.


To meet the requirements of over-stretch development of the railway system,infrastructure rebuilding and signal capacity enlargement projects were commenced one after another.By"interposing ahead of time,coorperating actively,early renovating,checking after being used",the workshop of signal and communication equipment of the Steel-rolling Station of the Transportation Dept.of Baotou Steel finished the construction task and ensured the quality.


Abstract : In this project, two themes will be woven together and analyzed in the context of Operation Allied Force, the 1999 NATO campaign against Serbia. This campaign was executed exclusively by means of an air operation. The first theme is transformation by each of the United States' military services in response to the post-Cold War strategic environment. While the general focus of this theme is transformation, service core competencies as they relate to expeditionary air operations are also reviewed. The second theme focuses on the air arms of the four United States military services (Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps). Critics contend that the United States military has four different air forces. They point to this redundancy as inefficient and wasteful. Supporters see each service with its own core competencies and complementary capabilities rather than waste. After reviewing the post-Cold War strategic environment and individual transformation plans, this project will examine how each service deployed to support Operation Allied Force. An analysis will be made of the strengths and weaknesses of how each service's air component supported the campaign, with a focus on organization and deployment away from home base. Planners might find the conclusions and recommendations useful in designing future campaigns.


This study aims to find out how the application of special standards of cooperative accounting on Cooperative Employee Republic of Indonesia "Tehnologia" SMKN-1 Palangkaraya. The location for this research took place at the Cooperative Employee of the Republic of Indonesia "Tehnologia" SMKN-1 Palangkaraya, on Tambun Bungai Street and this study was conducted in November 2017. Data collection techniques used in this study are Documentation, namely data collection techniques by collecting some records, management reports, and attachments obtained from the object of research. The method used is descriptive qualitative, that is research with the intention to collect information about the status of existing symptoms, ie symptoms according to what is in the research undertaken. This type or method of study does not use statistical formulas, but by elaborating and giving a logical argument to produce the right conclusions. The conclusions of this research are: 1) Preparation of Financial Statement by Administration Section under Manager's coordination has been done well, 2) The result of preparation of Financial Statement require or needed some more maximal adjustment to PSAK No. 27 (1998 revised edition) about cooperatives. (3) The Member Economic Promotion Report, which is one form of the Cooperative Financial Statement, has not been made by the administration and finance department, and the notes to the financial statements have not provided sufficient information in accordance with PSAK No. 27 about cooperatives.


The story of the choice of exchange rate regimes has not yet come to a consensus. Between early works on the subject (Mundell, 1961; McKinnon, 1963) and the most recent (Frenkel, 2017; Guzman et al., 2017), no superiority of a foreign exchange regime on the others is established ad vitam aeternam. It's case by case. The purpose of this paper is then twofold. It first tests on panel data concerning 30 African countries the thesis of currency neutrality and attempts to rank, in case of rejection of this thesis, exchange rate regimes according to their economic performances by referring to economic growth rate. Next, it aims to list the internal structural characteristics of the panel countries which, by crossing them with exchange rate regimes, are the most favorable to economic growth. The paper concludes the absence of currency neutrality in case of African countries and an outperformance of intermediate regimes. The latter are more conductive to economic growth in the case of countries experiencing positive terms of trade shocks and benefiting from FDI inflows. On the other hand, the opening of capital account is incompatible with intermediate regimes, and external indebtedness doesn't favor economic growth regardless of the exchange rate regime adopted. These results remain robust by testing several alternative econometric specifications (long-term estimate on five years' window data, estimates by controlling regional effects and by adopting finer aggregations of exchange rate regimes).


Focussing on role of PR/s in bringing about good governance at 'the cutting-edge level in rural areas, the author identifies problems pertaining to perception of role of PR/s, inadequacy of resource support, problematic administrative structure, etc. Besides prescribing a package of curing the ailments of the administrative system, he visualises substantial role for voluntary bodies in the remedial course.


Russian education faces a difficult task in defining what its education system needs to be achieving to maximize its effectiveness in a changing society. Both educational officials and the general public need to be more aware of this challenge and how to deal with it.


ADAMS was used to study the screening efficiency of single particle material in a single-layer screen.Three levels of values of four parameters that were amplitude,frequency,vibration direction angle and inclination of screen surface,and 81 sets of tests were conducted.The average penetration time of single particle materials was used to represent the screening efficiency of the material,the size of range to represent the influence degree of each parameter on the screening efficiency.Through analyzing the test results,it was concluded that the amplitude and the vibration direction angle were two parameters have great influence,and the best parameter combination for the highest screening efficiency was obtained.


Improving physical expressions and the sense of rhythm in dance performances has become important in recent years due to the increase in child dancers and dance studios. Even beginners in dance gain more opportunities to perform dances in groups. When dancing in a group, collapsed formation will greatly reduce the quality of dance performance even if the choreography is synchronized with the music. Therefore, learning the dance formation in a group is as important as learning its choreography. It is also important to be aware of keeping the proper formation and moving smoothly into the next formation to perform professional level group dances. However, it is difficult to obtain the sense of a proper formation if some members of the dance cannot participate in the practice. We have proposed a practice-support system for performing the formation smoothly using a self-propelled screen even if there is no dance partner. However, the movement of people was limited more than necessary by the excessive presence of a self-propelled screen moving irregular and the fear of the collision with the screen. Therefore, the reproducibility of the trajectory in the case where the user danced with another dancer was low. In this work, we propose a practice-support system for performing the formation using the two-axis movable curtain rail, whose movement direction does not drift and the material used for projection is soft. These characteristics reduce the fear of the collision and improve the accuracy in movement of the screen.


Because the well data is a sparse and the seismic is low vertical, to combine both dataset is important for reservoir characterization. The interpolation technique is one way to integrate both dataset to build a reservoir model. Usually there are two groups for interpolation. One is deterministic methods, such as Inverse Distance Weight, another group is geo-statistic. The kriging is one of common geo-statistical methods and also popular at petroleum industries. However, deterministic methods can not handle multivariable, such as seismic attributes, and Kriging method is more complex to generate the variogram and also is not easy to handle the anisotropy of the reservoir property. Here we present a method, Support Vector Machine (SVM), which can handle both multi-variable and anisotropy of the property.


The filtering algorithm for processing integral measurements given in reference [1] is extended to include analog type prefilters with infinite memory, and to include sequential processing of prefiltered data in multi-sensor, multi-sample rate systems. The extension to infinite memory prefilters requires serial decorrelation of the prefilter output prior to state estimation. These algorithms provide a technique for investigation of prefilter parameter sensitivities, and provide optimal compensation for any information loss due to prefiltering.


Fiber, compared to the other nutritional components, is slowly digestible and bulky, thus, creating a ballast into the digestive tract of ruminants. For this reason it is thought to be a primary regulator of feed intake in ruminants (Mertens and Ely, 1979). Furthermore, the fiber component (aNDFom) of the diets fed to cattle is not uniformly digestible. For instance, aNDFom contains a fraction that is not available to microbial digestion even if fiber fermentation could be extended for infinite time (Allen and Mertens, 1988, Huhtanen et al., 2006). This undigestible fraction is analyzed in laboratories with long term in-vitro fermentation and defined uNDF (Cotanch et al., 2014)). Furthermore the component available to microbial digestion is defined digestible NDF (dNDF) and can be obtained by subtracting the uNDF from total aNDFom (dNDF = aNDFom uNDF). Previous work demonstrated that the dNDF of forages can be composed of two digestible fractions (Van Soest et al., 2005), both fractions following first order behavior but with different digestion rates and defined as fast and slow digesting pools (Raffrenato and Van Amburgh, 2010); whereas in plant by-products the dNDF is identifiable as one fraction and disappearing with a first order behavior (Cotanch et al., 2014). The size of the various fractions or pools of dNDF and the associated digestion rates, when combined to create differences with a total mixed ration, might affect feed intake and rumination behavior, milk production and feed efficiency. The objective of this study was to balance diets for high producing dairy cattle using these concepts, and evaluate the effect that diets with different proportions of the aNDFom pools might have on feeding behavior, rumination, milk production and feed efficiency. Based on the previous data (Cotanch et al., 2014) our hypothesis was that cattle fed diets varying in uNDF content and related NDF pools would demonstrate differences in feed intake, rumination and feed efficiency.


MASSIVE haemorrhage into the breast with conShe was in good health, though, in addition to the sequent gangrene, following anticoagulant therapy fracture, there was slight hepatic enlargement. The electrofor thrombo-embolic complications of surgery, has cardiograph was normal, as were routine blood examinaseldom been described. Cutler (1924) reported a case tions and liver function testsForty-eight hours after admission, under general Of 'apoplexy Of the breast' in which partial gangrene anaesthesia and radiographic control, a nail-plate was


The present invention discloses a nonvolatile memory device and a method of manufacturing the nonvolatile memory device comprising: a cell strings, each string comprising a plurality of unit memory cells over a substrate, the cell string extending in one direction; a channel layer, the channel layer is connected to one side and the other side of the cell strings, along with the substrate extending in a direction perpendicular to the other; selection gate electrode, a gate electrode of the selection cell string above, the side surface surrounding the channel layer, a gate dielectric layer interposed therebetween; and the upper end portion of the wire, the wire is connected to the channel layer.


Injury prevention education for pregnant women may be beneficial for infants' safety. Currently, knowledge about the scope of an expectant mother's intent to prevent injury is limited. The objective of this study was to determine pregnant women's intentions to implement infant injury prevention strategies. From May to June 2017, a self-administered questionnaire based on the precaution adoption process model was distributed among pregnant women who participated in a parenting preparation class in a city, Tokyo. Pregnant women's intentions to implement the following eight kinds of safety practices were measured: three practices regarding suffocation, two regarding falls, one safety practice for burns, one for accidental ingestion, and one for traffic accidents. Among 132 respondents (response rate: 83.5%; mean age: 33.4 years; mean gestational age: 29 weeks), the most common unawareness issue was "Make sure that there is no space between the mattress and bed frame" (68.2%), followed by "Use a firm mattress or futon" (38.5%) and "Keep soft objects away from the baby's head in the baby's sleep area" (31.8%); 58% or more women reported having already "decided to implement" the other five practices. Safety practices that pregnant women were mostly unaware of were for preventing suffocation, despite this being a leading cause of death in terms of unintentional infant injury. In comparison, the safety practices for falls, burns, and accidental ingestion were more known to pregnant women. The pregnant women's intention to implement injury prevention for infants varied by safety practices. These findings could be used to improve the focus of antenatal education programs for the prevention of infant injury.


If we try to compare descriptions of the mystical experiences of people of entirely different races, different periods and different religions, we shall find a striking resemblance among these descriptions, which can in no case be explained by similarity of preparation or by resemblance in ways of thinking and feeling. In mystical states utterly different people in utterly different conditions learn one and the same thing and, what is still more striking, in mystical states there is no difference of religions. All the experiences are absolutely identical; the difference can only be in the language and form of the description. In the mysticism of different countries and different peoples the same images, the same discoveries, are invariably repeated . . . In relation to the idea of hidden knowledge mysticism can be regarded as a breaking through of hidden knowledge into our consciousness. This does not however mean that all mystics invariably recognize the existence of hidden knowledge and the possibility of acquiring it through study and work. For many mystics their experiences are an act of grace, a gift of God, and from their point of view no knowledge can ever lead people to this grace or make the acquisition of it easier. (1)


A composite geometric object is one that can be described by a collection of "simpler" objects, for example, a polygon, the time schedule of a resource, or a connected component in a VLSI layout. We present time and space efficient algorithms for various problems dealing with composite objects, including geometric intersection searching, and connected component extraction for c-oriented objects. These problems arise in diverse areas such as VLSI CAD, computer graphics, databases, and operations research.
In a standard intersection searching problem, a set S of n simple geometric objects is to be preprocessed so that the objects intersected by a query object Q can be reported efficiently. In a composite intersection searching application, the objects in S are naturally grouped into disjoint classes (composite objects) and the desired output consists of the classes, not the objects, intersected by Q. While this problem can be solved using standard intersection searching algorithms, the query time can be $\Omega$(n), even though the output size is only O(1). We develop efficient output-linear algorithms (with running times of the form O(f(n)+ output size), for some small f(n)) for several composite intersection searching problems, including interval intersection searching, segment intersection searching (for orthogonal, c-oriented, and arbitrary segments), orthogonal range searching, and rectangle intersection searching. Experimental results supporting the practicality of output-linear algorithms are presented. In the case of interval intersection searching, two dynamic solutions (where both queries and updates to S can be performed efficiently) are also developed.
The connected components of a set of objects are the equivalence classes of the transitive closure of the intersection relation. An algorithm is presented for computing the connected components of objects which can be described by line segments with a limited number of slopes (c-oriented objects). This problem arises in VLSI net extraction, where 45$\sp\circ$ geometries are often used. Our approach is evaluated experimentally and compared to solutions based on computing all pairwise object intersections.


This research aims to investigate the antimalarial activity of rhizome of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Meik-tha-lin-oot). The preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of a-amino acids, carbohydrates, glycosides, organic acids, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, saponins, starch and terpenoids. The various crude extracts such as PE (7.11%), 95% EtOH (3.44%), EtOAc (1.64%) and H2O (1.44%) extracts were prepared by successive solvent extraction method. Curcumin (orange amorphous crystal, 0.00317% yield, M.pt=183ºC) was isolated from EtOAc crude extract by using thin layer and column hromatographic separation techniques and identified by comparing with UV and FTIR spectral data of the standard curcumin. In vitro antimalarial activities of curcumin, ethanol and watery extracts were screened by using the reported method. The ethanol and watery extracts had no antimalarial activity (EC50 values=398.07 µg/ml and 501.00 µg/ml) whereas the isolated compound, curcumin was found to inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum (EC50=101.74 µg/ml). On the other hand, the isolated compound, curcumin exhibited the moderate antimalarial activity and may be used as a potential compound to be tested for newer antimalarial agent.


Background: at present have not been systematized the researches on quality of life of adolescents, despite their scientific, health, socio-economic and political relevance. Objective: to characterize the studies in Health-related quality of life of adolescents, 1970- 2013. Methods: a systematic review in six multidisciplinary databases, following the phases of identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion. The research protocol was applied by two researchers independently to ensure the reproducibility of the study. Results: The study included 909 researches with 323 239 healthy adolescents; in the studies with patients the most high frequency was in circulatory diseases (n= 12 325), nervous system (n= 6 590), musculoskeletal (n= 6 236, blood system (n= 4 807), cancer (n= 4 491) and infectious (n= 3,677). 43.1 % made in America and 39.9 % in Europe. 170 scales of Health related quality of life were identified, they more frequently was Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory with 22.2%, Medical Outcome Study Short Form in 7.6 % , Child Health Questionnaire 5.8% , German generic quality of life instrument for children 5.3% and KIDSCREEN 5.1%. Conclusion: scientific production in Health-related quality of life of adolescents has been focused on chronic diseases; the relevance of this issue for all medical specialties and public health was evident, and the availability of a large number of validated instruments for healthy and sick population. Nevertheless, research predominate in high-income countries which exposes the need for further research to adapt and validate scales and to generate evidence on middle and low incomes. MED.UIS. 2015;28(1):23 30. Keywords : Quality of life, Insurance benefits, Adolescent, Review.


The purpose of the paper is to examine financial and nonfinancial environmental information sources provided by Polish companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange and to assess the level of their environmental reporting practices. The sample comprises 40 nonfinancial companies included in two stock indices: the WIG30 Index and mWIG40 index. The content analysis is used as a research method. The analysis has revealed that 87.5% companies disclosed any environmental information. Financial information concerning the environmental protection was presented by 75% companies and nonfinancial environmental information – by 85% companies. The entities provided environmental disclosure mainly in their annual reports (73% companies) and on the environmental or CSR tabs on their websites (63% companies). The average level of this disclosure on the company websites was very low. CSR reports and integrated reports were much less popular source of environmental information as compared to annual reports and company official websites. In these two kinds of reports the extent and quality of environmental disclosure compared with annual reports was a little lower in case of financial information and significantly higher in case of nonfinancial information.


In the present investigation entitled "Biochemical Evaluation of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.) Genotypes" the mature seeds of twelve selected genotypes of black gram were procured in the month of May 2016, from the Department of Crop Improvement, CSKHPKV, Palampur and were evaluated in triplicate for some of the important biochemical constituents. Significant variations were observed in the contents of moisture (12.07 to 14.75 per cent), crude protein (21.29 to 25.96 per cent), fat (1.47 to 2.45 per cent), ash (2.90 to 4.55 per cent), crude fibre (4.05 to 7.78 per cent), carbohydrates (48.80 to 55.82 per cent), total phenols (844.00 to 1804.00 mg/100g), total tannins (111.00 to 738.00 mg/100g) and in vitro protein digestibility (43.92 to 88.61 per cent). Amongst the genotypes studied the highest value was observed in Palam Mash-11 for protein, ash and fat; in Palam Mash-3 for carbohydrates; in Palam Mash-50 for in vitro protein digestibility whereas lowest level of phenols and tannins was observed in Palam Mash-50 and Palam Mash-3, respectively. The various mineral elements estimated in the black gram genotypes showed significant differences for magnesium (1.33 to 4.54 mg/100g), copper (3.81 to 4.82 mg/100g), iron (4.88 to 9.90 mg/100g), zinc (1.04 to 1.15 mg/100g), manganese (2.53 to 3.84 mg/100g), calcium (109.75 to 183.42 mg/100g), sodium (140.00 to 225.00 mg/100g) and potassium (958.92 to 1557.50 mg/100g). The highest content was observed in Palam Mash-42 for copper and magnesium, Palam Mash-11 for zinc, Palam Mash-33 for iron and calcium, Palam Mash-18 for manganese, potassium and Palam Mash-5 for sodium. The information obtained from this study has been used for carrying out the cumulative grading of black gram genotypes for nutritionally desirable characters, as given below in the descending order: Palam Mash-50 > Palam Mash-33 > Palam Mash-11/ Palam Mash-42 > Palam Mash-5 > Palam Mash-18 >Palam Mash-3 > Palampur-58/Palam Mash-93> Palam Mash-26 >Palam Mash-9 >Palam Mash-13. The potentially superior genotypes thus identified, can be used for further breeding and cultivation purposes on a larger scale by the farmers of Himachal Pradesh and others. -------------------------------------------------------(Neerja Kharwal) (Dr. K Mohini) Student Major Advisor Date: November, 2017 Date: November, 2017 -----------------------------Head of the Department


We present a novel matching method to find the correspondences among different images containing the same object. In the proposed method, by considering each feature point-set as a matrix, two point-sets are projected onto a common subspace using modified projective nonnegative matrix factorization. The core idea of the proposed approach is to jointly factorize of the two feature matrices and the matching operate on embeddings of the two point-sets in the common subspace. Furthermore, it is robust to noise due to the merit of the subspace method. The proposed approach was tested for matching accuracy, and robustness to noise. Its performance on synthetic and real images was compared with state-of-the-art reference algorithms.


The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a key model organism of functional genomics, due to its ease and speed of genetic manipulations. In fact, in this yeast, the requirement for homologous sequences for recombination purposes is so small that 40 base pairs (bp) are sufficient. Hence, an enormous variety of genetic manipulations can be performed by simply planning primers with the correct homology, using a defined set of transformation plasmids. Although designing primers for yeast transformations and for the verification of their correct insertion is a common task in all yeast laboratories, primer planning is usually done manually and a tool that would enable easy, automated primer planning for the yeast research community is still lacking. Here we introduce Primers‐4‐Yeast, a web tool that allows primers to be designed in batches for S. cerevisiae gene‐targeting transformations, and for the validation of correct insertions. This novel tool enables fast, automated, accurate primer planning for large sets of genes, introduces consistency in primer planning and is therefore suggested to serve as a standard in yeast research. Primers‐4‐Yeast is available at: http://www.weizmann.ac.il/Primers‐4‐Yeast Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The study of bidding has presented both economics and psychology with a host of as yet unresolved problems. The lack of understanding of these problems has been manifested in the difficulties confronting policy‐makers in the framing of laws to deal with collusive or restrictive practices in bidding under various market mechanisms. On the one hand, a theory of competitive behavior may call for all competitors to charge the same price for the same product, yet the submission of identical bids may, in fact, be a criterion of collusion. This paper, the first of a series on bidding, gives a general and preliminary discussion of several of the factors entering into the construction of models of the bidding process. Following this discussion, a number of bidding situations, formulated as two‐person constant‐sum games are examined. A number of open questions, suggested during the investigation of such games. are mentioned. Succeeding papers will be devoted to the more important cases of bidding models formulated as non‐constant‐sum games, both for single‐shot bids and for sequences of bids.


Tongue-in-cheek treatment of the legendary upper class man which examines his habits, actions and viewpoints concerning such diverse considerations as wardrobe, war, the Church and domestic habits.


Solar radiation is essential for the evolution of life on earth. Solar radiation, including ultraviolet radiation (UV), reaches the earth's surface. The sun emits three types of UV radiation: UVA, UVB, and UVC, which have beneficial and harmful effects on the human body. The most important benefit is the synthesis of vitamin D in the skin. However, UVB radiation also causes direct photochemical damage to DNA. This study aimed to investigate the ability of the compound ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMS) that is available in kencur as a sunscreen agent through computational chemistry studies using the Hartree-Fock (HF) method and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and perform synthesis of lotion from kencur extract. The investigation began with creating a molecular model of a sunscreen agent optimized for geometry using the HF method and continued with spectrum analysis using TD-DFT. The study's results showed that the analysis of the EPMS spectrum could be used as a natural UVB shield. In addition, the synthesis of lotion from kencur rhizome made using oil and water phases showed organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, and spreadability test results fitted according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 16-4399-1996. It indicated that kencur lotion could potentially be used as a sunscreen agent.


While representative democracy today has firmly taken root as a form of political expression, each nation is principally interested in how to construct an election system for the formation of the representative body. Among the components considered, the polling day poses various issues from the constitutional perspective. The polling day has legal impact on both the right to vote and the right to run for office. Consequently, for the overall election, the polling day not only forms a close relationship with a specific system, but also affects and is affected by the system. The polling day becomes the occasion for fixing the poll book that finalizes the voters. In addition, although the polling day becomes legally established when an election system is formed, a set public notice system is also put in place, and this directly and indirectly impacts the exercise of citizens` basic rights. Particularly in regard to the right to run for an office, the polling day serves as the reference point from which the candidate eligibility criterion of residency period is calculated; when a public official runs for office, it serves as the standard date of the official`s resignation from the current post. In this way, the polling day not only has a legal relation to various systems in the electoral process, but also has a correlation to the realization of election principles. Under the current public office election laws, the polling day is stipulated to be held on a weekday, currently Wednesday, and as such, this requirement has a problem of possibly obstructing the exercise of one of the principles of democratic election, namely, the principle of free election. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes a legislative policy of changing "weekday" election to "legal holiday" or "Sunday" election.


SJD (ANU), LLB (Hons) (ANU), BA (Hons) (UNSW), GD Mil Law, GDLP, GD Asian Studies (Arabic) (ANU). Although the author is a member of the Royal Australian Navy, the views expressed here are personal and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Defence Force, the Australian government or any other national or international organisation. I am grateful for the comments of Professor Donald Rothwell, Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph B Berger III, Hitoshi Nasu, Matthew Zagor and several anonymous referees and thesis examiners on various drafts. An


Due to the development of imperfect competition macroeconomics, Kalecki's "mark-up" shows a revival of interest beyond the Post-Keynesian tradition. This interest is explained by the fact that his interpretation in terms of market imperfections is widely confirmed. Such interpretation is subject to discussion because in his "Theory of the Economic Dynamics", Kalecki's analysis of prices makes reference neither to maximization behavior, nor to any knowledge of the demand. This model suggests a process of price formation in terms of competitive interaction between firms. It is however not free from inconsistencies. While implying the existence of centralized mechanisms supporting the communication of prices, it does not derive the degree of macroeconomic monopoly from the decision making process of individual firms.


what he has spent years telling us not to do, losing pespective? One can understand that as a former diplomat Holmes is horrified at the cavalier attitude of Senator Pell of Rhode Island. Nova Scotians, who have been dealing with the Americans over the fisheries since • 783, are less so. Since Holmes gave his lectures there has been a growing realization on both sides of the border that matters were getting out of hand. The rhetoric was becoming too shrill and threatening. In November x98• the creation of a joint consultative group headed by ambassadors uggests that Holmesian solutions are still possible. An unofficial modus vivendi seems to have been reached whereby the Americans grudgingly accept the National Energy Policy and Canadians concede that one bout of economic nationalism at a time is sufficient


Purpose of the study: This research aims to find out 1) the facts of electronic internship monitoring and 2) the practicality of using android-based electronic monitoring in the vocational student internship program.
Methodology: The method applied in this research is a descriptive qualitative thorough survey on the implementation of electronic internship training. The respondents were the teachers at Public Vocational High School 1 Mondokan as the supervisors of the student internship program. The instrument used was a questionnaire for the implementation of e-monPrakerin. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis with percentages.
Main findings: The results of the research show that Android-based electronic monitoring of internship. 1) facilitates monitoring; 2) is practical, with very high criteria (83,08%). An electronic monitoring internship based on Android is more practical according to the response from the internship supervisor.
The implication of this study: The concept of electronic monitoring is easily understood by the supervisor. There are very few errors in using the features. The internship monitoring application the supervisor has already understood a guide before guiding the students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study lies in the strategy of monitoring electronically, this provides new insight in apprenticeship supervision compared to conventional apprenticeship supervision. Conventional monitoring is considered less effective because there are weaknesses.


Various Tc-IDA derivatives are used clinically for the assessment of the hepatocytic function, the functional status the cystic duct and gallbladder. In this study, Tc-IOTIDA was prepared and evaluated its in vivo pharmacokinetic behaviour through animal studies. The radioilabeling efficiency of Tc-IOTIDA was maintained with high radiochemical purity (> 95 %) at room temperature for 6 hours. The serial static image scans of rabbit administered with Tc-IOTIDA revealed that none of the tissues except the hepatobiliary system has radioactivity concentrations. Biodistribution of TcIOTIDA in rats showed that 90 % of the injected dose was excreted via the pathway of the liver. The scintigraphic views for a healthy volunteer revealed that the most of the administrated radioactivity is accumulated in the liver. Further evaluations for Tc-IOTIDA including the resistance to the competitive effects against bilirubin and sophisticated chemical studies for kit formulation are needed. In conclusion, TcIOTIDA can be used as a potential hepatobiliary imaging agent for the evaluation of the functional status of the hepatocytes and the patency of the biliary duct.


To the Editor.— Guill and Odom recently described a woman in whom allergic contact dermatitis developed from an acrylic plastic hearing aid ( Arch Dermatol 114:1050-1051, 1978). They demonstrated that the allergen was methyl methacrylate. The cold-curing polymerization process left enough residual monomer to produce dermatitis when the plastic contacted the skin of the ear. Heat curing produced "complete" polymerization, and substitution of a heat-cured hearing aid for the cold-cured one eliminated the dermatitis. The authors have presented an excellent teaching point, and have solved a clinical problem by the pure academic method of substituting a completely polymerized product. The teaching and practical value of this substitution deserves emphasis. For some similar patients, it is conceivable that the curing techniques used in the manufacturing process of certain hearing aids might be unknown. For these patients, we would like to suggest substitution of a cellulose ester plastic. Cellulose ester plastics do not


We propose new surprise measures to characterise two important dimensions of monetary policy. Our measures outperform the traditional monetary shocks in explaining variation of interest rates in the event-study framework. We also study the extent to which the ECB caused jumps in euro area interest rates. The new surprises still prevail upon the traditional ones. Jumps play a great role in the variation of interest rates and the ECB induced several jumps with its decisions, but its predictability has improved over time. We find that, although the surprise measures become somewhat distorted due to money market tensions during the financial turmoil, our model still provides an interesting insight into interest rate behaviour throughout the crisis.


The Langer theory of metastability provides a description of the lifetime and properties of the metastable phase of the Ising model field-driven transition, describing the magnetic-field–driven transition in ferromagnets and the chemical-potential–driven transition of fluids. An immediate further step is to apply it to the study of a transition driven by the temperature, as the one exhibited by the two-dimensional Potts model. For this model, a study based on the analytical continuation of the free energy (Meunier J. L. and Morel A., Eur. Phys. J. B, 13 (2000) 341) predicts the anomalous vanishing of the metastable temperature range in the large-system-size limit, an issue that has been controversial since the eighties. By a GPU algorithm we compare the Monte Carlo dynamics with the theory. For temperatures close to the transition we obtain agreement and characterize the dependence on the system size, which is essentially different with respect to the Ising case. For smaller temperatures, we observe the onset of stationary states with non-Boltzmann statistics, not predicted by the theory.


Background: Childhood poisoning is one of the emergencies commonly encountered in paediatric practice. Accidental poisoning accounts for most of the cases in childhood poisoning and is preventable. Intentional poisoning becomes more likely in adolescent age group. Average incidence among varies studies range from 0.3% to 7.6%. Male children predominate the poisoning accidents accounted for by their greater degree of activity and more number of cases belong to poor socio economic status because of less space. Methodology: All children less than 18 years of age admitted in our PICU and pediatric ward with history of poisoning or intoxication during the study period from October 2017 to September, 2019. Children with chronic poisoning, snake bite, scorpion sting and other poisonous bite, idiosyncratic reactions to drug and food poisoning were excluded from the study. Results: 101 children were admitted with history of poisoning. Most of the cases were accidental. The most common age group was 1-3 years. Maximum families belonged to Lower Middle socioeconomic status. Hydrocarbon (Kerosene) was the most common poison. Suicidal poisoning was more common in the 13-18 year age group and more common in female sex. Vomiting was the most common presentation Specific antidote was used in 21.78% cases. The mean duration between poisoning and presentation was 3.1 hours. The mean duration of hospital stay was 4.2 days. Mortality rate was 2.97%. Conclusion: Childhood poisoning is one of the pediatric medical emergencies like other emergencies and causes significant morbidity and mortality in children. Most of the accidental poisoning is seen in less than 5 years age group due to their innovative character, exploratory nature and mouthing tendencies. Despite of rapid socioeconomic changes, Kerosene is still the commonest agent involved in pediatric poisoning mainly because it is commonly used household item.


In release-recapture studies, male cabbage looper (CL), Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), and soybean looper (SBL), Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), moths readily distinguished between and responded selectively to their respective conspecific females. Consequently, most males were recaptured in traps baited with conspecific females, fewer with both females in combination, and the least with heterospecific females. Actographic analysis indicated that males tend to fly more frequently in the presence of conspecific females and that males arrest female activity. CL males also arrest the movement of SBL males and females. Although CL and SBL males flew to calling females of both species in an observation chamber, only the CL females aggressively rejected courting SBL males. Thus, before courtship, CL and SBL females stimulate and attract discriminating males that subsequently arrest the movement of females and probably that of competing males.


Addressing the Climate CrisisThe Jobs CrisisEconomic Policy and the Financial CrisisImplications of the Global Financial Crisis for Financial Reform and Regulation in AsiaFinancial Crisis Management and DemocracyImpact Of Covid – 19 Crisis On The Global Economy And Other Sectors WorldwideThe Neoliberal Agenda and the Student Debt Crisis in U.S. Higher EducationEurope's Crisis, Europe's FuturePost-Crisis Growth and Integration in EuropeCrisis, Innovation and Sustainable DevelopmentConstitutions in Times of Financial CrisisPredicting Fiscal CrisesItalian Banking and Financial Law: Crisis Management Procedures, Sanctions, Alternative Dispute Resolution Systems and Tax RulesWork Inequalities in the CrisisEmerging Economies and Firms in the Global CrisisBeyond CrisisChallenges to Enterprise Performance in the Face of the Financial CrisisDebt-Related Vulnerabilities and Financial Crises an Application of the Balance Sheet Approach to Emerging Market CountriesCrisis and Innovation in Asian TechnologyIn the Wake of the Global Economic Crisis: Adjusting to Lower Revenue of the Southern African Customs Union in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and SwazilandThe European Social Model in CrisisThe CrisisEmergency in Psychiatry – The Various Facets of Behavioral Emergencies, Crises and SuicidalityInformation Refinement Technologies for Crisis InformaticsOECD Employment Outlook 2009 Tackling the Jobs CrisisHow Latvia Came Through the Financial CrisisOECD Health Policy Studies The Looming Crisis in the Health Workforce How Can OECD Countries Respond?Quality UnknownInnovation and Economic CrisisThe "Greek Crisis" in EuropeSir Gerald Fitzmaurice and the World CrisisFrom Crisis to Recovery"Brexit" as a Social and Political CrisisBefore and After the Economic CrisisHuman: Solving the global workforce crisis in healthcareCrisis on Cyprus, 1974The Global Health CrisisThe CrisisMisunderstanding Financial CrisesThe SAFER-R Model


At the University of Tennessee Medical Center, we enhanced the level of pharmacy services for all patients by integrating pharmacist activities to reduce unnecessary communication handoffs. This was achieved by incorporating pharmacist specialists into the pharmacy teams covering patient care


The parameter dependence of antenna loading resistance for ICRF waves using a T-shaped rotatable antenna is investigated in the TNT-A tokamak. When the antenna current is parallel to the toroidal field, the loading resistance increases with the mean plasma density, but depends weakly on the toroidal field, the ratio of hydrogen to deuterium concentrations and the type of the Faraday shield. Similar results with a lower value of the loading resistance are obtained in the case where the antenna current is perpendicular to the toroidal field, using the same rotatable antenna. With the antenna current parallel to the toroidal field, the loading resistance for a low parallel refractive index nz is larger than that for high nz.


Dual-comb methane spectroscopy at 1650nm is realized based on a dual-comb mode-locked fiber laser at 1560nm, which demonstrates the capability of such single-cavity, dual-comb sources to cover spectral ranges far beyond the laser emission wavelength. © 2019 The Author(s)


How They Lived: An Annotated Tour of Daily Life through History in Primary Sources is an excellent two-volume set to start upper elementary, middle-grade, and even early high school students on the path to discovering the excitement and value of primary sources. Ciment, an independent scholar, has crafted a tool that is fairly unique in the field: introducing younger researchers to primary sources from ancient times to the present day. How They Lived uses both objects and documents, which will grab the interest of younger students.


The torgues caused by the rigid connection between the secondary beam and the longitudinal principal beam in the ribbed floor were discussed.It was pointed out that the crack of longitudinal principal beam caused by the torgue is inevitable,the countermeasure was suggested.


Internal arc fault tests are important for ensuring the safety of medium-voltage metal-enclosed switchgears. Since these tests are conducted at full scale, the costs of the test objects as well as the high-power laboratory are significant. This paper presents an experimental study to clarify whether such tests can be simplified by downscaling. Tests with volume and energy downscaled to 1/3 and 1/10, respectively, were performed on a single-phase arrangement with air as the insulating gas. The test results showed that the internal pressure rise caused by the arc can be reproduced well using a smaller compartment and lower current. The potential damage caused by the exhaust of the hot gas escaping through the pressure-relief openings is more challenging to predict from small-scale tests.


Rebecca Pobocik, Advisor There is no national School Nutrition Policy in the United States, which has lead to the need for each state to develop its own school nutrition policy. Establishing a School Nutrition Policy can limit the poor nutritional habits children today have and therefore, alleviate the escalating problem of childhood overweight and obesity. A good example of such a policy is the Texas School Nutrition Policy, which was implemented through the Department of Agriculture in 2004. The objectives of this qualitative study were to determine the reaction to the implementation of the first year of the Texas School Nutrition Policy as perceived by the school principals, determine the advantages of implementing a school nutrition policy, determine the barriers of implementing a school nutrition policy in Texas and develop recommendations beneficial to states that have not yet implemented a school nutrition policy. Twenty three school principals and one assistant principal from Texas were interviewed by phone from the regions that have implemented the Texas School Nutrition Policy during the 2004 2005 academic year using a semistructured question format. The interviews were audiotaped then transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed by dividing responses into categories and then developing relationships between these categories. Major themes that emerged from the analysis were: the role of parent verses role of school in promoting healthful food choices among the children; school practices that changed as a result of the policy; and how the school nutrition policy affected principals, teachers, and students' practices. Nutrition intervention programs targeting parents and aiming at increasing their knowledge in food and nutrition in order to positively influence their children's behaviors are recommended. Future research should focus on how


For sub 65nm nano-electronic devices, a continuous shrinking of dielectric constant is needed and the k-value below 2.0 should be achieved for the insulator between interconnect. The k-value for silicon-based nano-porous films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition can be reduced to below 2.0. The porous SiCOH film becomes the most promising candidate in the many ultra-low-k materials . However, the formation of nano-pores in the films also brings many problems, such as the deterioration of mechanical and thermal stability, the difficulty in integration, and the difficulty in microstructures analysis. This paper presents a review of advances in SiCOH ultra-low-k film and interconnect challenges for sub 65nm generation.


This chapter considers the place of women in British politics and how it has changed since the election of Britain's first female prime minister, Margaret Thatcher. It examines how the issue of gender featured in the campaign and in parties' manifestos, before analysing the different parties' records on selecting female candidates. It describes how women increasingly hold leadership positions in British politics but concludes that, without further action in the form of quotas, full gender equality at Westminster is unlikely to be achieved any time soon.


A case of osteitis deformans of Paget is reported, which presents several unusual features,—namely:

1. Fracture through upper third of femur from a trivial cause.

2. A rapid and uneventful convalescence.

3. Prompt union of the fracture with profuse callus formation.

4. Early return of function with full weight-bearing in eight weeks' time.

In view of the fact that in cases of osteitis deformans there are in the thickened cortex of the bone intermingled areas of rarefaction and sclerosis and a positive balance in the intake and output of calcium, it is apparent that there is an increase in bone metabolism. Therefore, it is not surprising that, in cases of fracture in such patients, prompt union occurs with hyperproduction of callus.


Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is an antibody drug‐conjugated anti‐CD30 approved for the treatment of adult classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), whereas it is considered as off‐label indication in paediatrics. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BV to treat patients aged less than 18 years with refractory/relapsed HL.


Health insurance plays a very major role in min imizing the financial burden of poor due to illness and diseases. With our country expecting double digit growth over the next five years its health that will play a major role in providing young and energetic workforce for the country. The twelfth five ye ar plan has already emphasized the need for more organized health insurance coverage in order provide financial protection to a large chunk of working class segment. This paper examines the present status of health insurance in India, innovation in healthinsurance sector and challenges faced by it. It also looks into the role of both public and private health insurance players to reach maximum coverage in health insurance.


Many questions of evolutionary pattern and mechanism must be addressed at the species level, because species are a fundamental unit of biology. Even studies which examine pat terns of morphologic (as opposed to taxic) diversity rely on species as a basic unit of analysis. Species also provide the backbone for both biostratigraphy and biogeography. Consequently, the definion of individual spe cies is an important and influential aspect of paleontology. Most fossil species have been erected using brief descriptions of small num bers of specimens. The vast majority of these species, even those that characterize biostratigraphic units, are poorly known. Recovery of new material often necessitates re-evaluation of species definitions as specimen numbers rise and variations among specimens are as sessed more rigorously. How stable are spe cies definitions in the light of increasing knowledge? Answering this question will allow us to estimate confidence limits on geological or paleobiological interpretations which utilize fossil species. To address this issue we need well-known species that have been subject to intensive and sustained research effort. At present the numbers of fossil taxa that have been subject to such detailed analysis is min imal. However, recent morphometric studies of ammonites (Hohenegger and Tatzreiter 1992) and foraminifera (Tabachnick and Bookstein 1990) have shown that in both these cases characters once thought to define biostratigraphically significant taxa failed closer scrutiny. Trilobites are commonly used as in dex fossils, and here we explore the history of a striking example of the instability of spe cies definitions within the Trilobita. In each of these three cases it has been concluded that the species-level taxonomy was previously substantially over split, and the implications of these observations are potentially farreaching. By detailing the history of a well documented example below we aim to draw attention to the problem, and to suggest pos sible solutions. The Late Cambrian asaphide trilobite Dikelocephalus occurs in large numbers in the St. Lawrence Formation of Wisconsin, Minne sota, and Iowa. Since its first description in 1852 the systematics has received substantive revision approximately once every 30 years (fig. 1). Over the same time period there has been an exponential increase in the numbers of specimens reposited in museums (fig. 1). The result of this prolonged series of studies is that Dikelocephalus is one of the best-doc umented trilobite taxa. The most recent re vision (Hughes 1994), based on analysis of patterns of variation within and among col lections from single bedding planes, has re sulted in synonymizing all St. Lawrence For mation specimens into a single species, Di kelocephalus minnesotensis. While there are considerable morphological differences among the 2750 specimens analyzed, these variations are concentrated within collec tions made from single beds, and are best interpreted as intraspecific variations. This revision forms a basis from which we review the taxonomic history of the taxon.


Rethinking of Hasan Hanafi for theological doctrine on Islamic revolutionTheological revolution was initiated by Hasan Hanafi as a new model on Islamic principle doctrine known as "Tauhid". He explains the principle and causes of losing spirit of Muslim world on tauhid and a dualistic worldview. Dualistic worldview is reflected in the repressive character of those who believe in one power and deny the other side. So, Hasan Hanafi tried to position the unity as a way of looking to overcome the crisis experienced by the Muslims and restore its civilization identity. To grow and return to the spirit of unity to revolution to Hasan Hanafi, the need to reconstruct the understanding of the main doctrines of Islam and in accordance with its development as done its predecessors. Since without doing the reconstruction of tawhid, the unity will remain bound by the normative understanding of the transcendent, only discuss the substance and nature of the gods itself. Thus, reconstruction is done so that unity can come down as human resistance force language other than Allah. But, before doing that task first of all need to trace the historical development of Islamic theology and naming by looking at the themes and discussions on theology. Then, critique it in order to formulate a revolutionary new theology as an offer of an alternative solution to the problem of humanity.


Progressive muscle relaxation can improve students' learning performance in the classroom because it provides a good focus during classroom learning sessions in developing technical communication for educational institutions. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of video-based learning on the understanding of secondary school students related to Progressive Muscle Relaxation. The research was a quantitative descriptive method. Based on research that has been done, researchers found differences in students' understanding between before and after watching videos related to progressive muscle relaxation. In this study, respondents need to answer questions raised by researchers before viewing the video and after watching the video. The respondents in this study were only six students. The percentage of respondents who answered the question correctly after seeing the video provided by the researcher rose quite significantly. Respondents are interested in the video provided, and respondents can understand the video content they want to convey. The use of video in teaching and learning is beneficial for students to increase their interest and demand Progressive Muscle Relaxation knowledge. Video-based learning can be implemented in teaching and learning in various fields of education. Visual lessons are more quickly remembered and understood by students. Learning to use videos can increase student's interest in learning new things.


In this work, we trimmed the connotations and features of independent technological system. Based on the analysis of the problems and reasons in its construction, we discussed the constructional path for the national independent technological system in the fusion of knowledge system and technological system, and the enterprise independent technological system from the combination of innovation strategy and technological ability. At last, we provided advices and countermeasures on the aspects of country, industry and enterprise.


Abstract : The purpose of this high-level design document is to act as a basis of discussion between model designers, model users, and the sponsors. The purpose of the model design is to allow applications to many implementations, especially as part of an overall hierarchy of models. The purpose of the types of models in which this design is implemented, such as the theater-level combat or nonlinear combat model (TLC/NLC) or possibly the RAND Strategy Assessment System (RSAS), is to support policy-level analysis of air combat issues primarily at RAND, but possibly at other institutions as well. The objectives of this document are to describe the high-level design of an air combat engagement and attrition model, present the design to potential RAND study sponsors to ensure that the key factors of air combat are addressed, and to publish this updated version as a point of reference during model implementation and evaluation.


The present invention discloses an service realization method for the fair user policy, mainly comprising the following steps: A, the user accesses an accessing server and goes to an AAA server to fulfill the accessing authority inspecting; B, the accessing server receives the grouping data service request of the user and matches the fee calculating rules and the policy information; if the match is successful, the step D comes up, otherwise the fee calculating rules and the policy requests are sent to PCRF; wherein, the fee calculating rules have relative relationships with the user type, the service type and the fee calculating policy, the policy information have relative relationships with the fee calculating policy, the policy cycle, the flux quota and the pointed speed; C, the PCRF server sends fee calculating rules and the policy response to the accessing server and issues the relative fee calculating rules and the policy information; D, the users process the transmission of the service data, access to the network and execute the policy information of the service and add up the data flow rate of the service. The present invention can effectively elevate the justification of the network resources used by the users.


Implicit cognition and explicit learning in EFL has long been one of the troubling issues for many language teachers.This paper illustrates the mechanism differences and correlation between implicit cognition and explicit learning,and conducts a general survey of the latest developments abroad and home about them.Based on the research and the current foreign language grammar teaching in China,the paper attempts to bring forward the interactive task-based grammar teaching functioned by implicit cognition and explicit learning together.


Your guide to finding geology and geoscience technology information in the library. Find articles, books, and recommended websites. Guide to APA style. How to format a paper and cite sources according to APA style.