1 Hydraulic conductivity (Lp) of the wall of perfused microvessels has previously been shown to be chronically increased 24 h after a 10 min perfusion with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In order to investigate this further, Lp and the effective oncotic pressure difference (σΔΠ) acting across the vessel walls was measured before exposure to VEGF and 24 h later after the mesentery had been replaced in the abdominal cavity. 2 Acute 10 min perfusion with VEGF did not chronically change σΔΠ despite chronically increasing Lp 6.8 ± 1.2‐fold. This suggests that pathways formed 24 h after perfusion with VEGF which increase hydraulic conductivity of the capillary walls have the same reflection coefficient as those present before VEGF. 3 Acute 10 min perfusion with VEGF significantly increased the diameter of vessels after 24 h by 48 ± 13 %. To determine whether this was due to changes in the compliance of the vessel wall, the distensibility of microvessels was measured before and 24 h after perfusion with VEGF. The distensibility was increased 45 ± 15 % by VEGF but this was not great enough to account for the increase in diameter. 4 The chronic increase in Lp could be attenuated by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with l‐NAME. In addition, the chronic increase in permeability was correlated with the acute response to VEGF (r= 0.71, P < 0.01) suggesting that the acute and chronic changes may be related. 5 These results show that VEGF chronically increases Lp without affecting the oncotic reflection coefficient. This may be due to reduced pore path length, or increased small pore numbers, which are properties of fenestrated capillaries. They also show that VEGF increases microvascular distensibility and diameter.


Abstract Science and its predecessor, alchemy, have been topics of fiction in the West for over five centuries but until late last century novelists, with few exceptions, condemned science and scientists on social and moral grounds. However, since the 1990s, science has acquired a more benign and humane image, associated with combatting deadly viruses, saving endangered species and communicating the urgency of dealing with climate change. Novelists, too, are increasingly intent on authenticity in presenting scientific research and the motives and moral dilemmas of scientists. Such science novels risk being overloaded with scientific facts and explanations, so the craft of the writer involves integrating the necessary scientific information without damaging the artistic integrity of the work. This paper explores, through interviews with authors and in-depth reading of texts, how the following writers accommodated the science component within the life-world of their narrative and took steps to avoid an 'information dump': Rebecca Goldstein (The Mind-Body Problem and Properties of Light), William Boyd (Brazzaville Beach), Simon Mawer (Mendel's Dwarf), Susan Gaines (Carbon Dreams), Clare Dudman (Wegener's Jigsaw), Richard Powers (The Echo Maker), Barbara Kingsolver (Flight Behavior), and Pippa Goldschmidt (The Falling Sky).


PurposeGlioblastoma is a devastating malignancy with a dismal survival rate and median survival time of 14 months. Currently, the biomarkers for glioblastoma are mostly molecular and include EGFRvIII, ATRX, PTEN, IDH1, MGMT, and others. These prognostic tumor biomarkers are obtained through a surgical biopsy and thus not easily attainable. Clinicians would benefit from a robust, non-invasive, and readily available indicator for early diagnosis and accurate prognostication for glioblastoma patients. MethodsIn this study, we assessed whether specific patient symptoms could provide early diagnosis of glioblastoma. Further, if any patient symptomatology would provide clinicians with the ability to prognosticate patient survival more accurately. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data for 218 patients. We determined whether symptoms including headache, weakness, seizure, memory loss/confusion, visual changes, speech changes, and loss of consciousness led to a patient being diagnosed earlier and if any of these symptoms predicted a diminished patient survival. ResultsOur study determined that weakness and memory loss/confusion were symptoms that predicted diminished survival, and weakness alone was the symptom that predicted earlier diagnosis. Conclusion: This study further elucidates the complexities of glioblastoma and provides clinicians with more data for their patients when discussing prognostication after diagnosis of glioblastoma.


A neonate with Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome who presented with circulatory collapse was found to have myocardial infarction caused most probably by air embolism to coronary artery. Milking of the umbilical cord after delivery causing paradoxical air embolism through the atrial septal defect is the most likely mechanism of coronary occlusion.


In this paper, we present a new method for incremental online handwritten gesture recognition based on fuzzy rules. This approach allows starting from a scratch with no previously learned classes and adding new ones lifelong. Unlike methods based on evolving mountain clustering, our approach suits incremental concept better. We introduce a new method for evolving clustering and usage of incremental density measurement for determining the membership function which significantly improves the results. Density measurement as membership function allows using only few parameters instead of the costly covariance matrices and does not require any estimating by averaging and thus preventing from information lost. We also introduce a new set of features based on a shape of gestures. Combination of these new system characteristics thus lowers memory and computational requirements while significantly increasing recognition rate.


To find environmental friendly construction material,the embodied environmental profiles of timber,glulam,and oriented strand board(OSB) were analyzed using the life cycle assessment method and industry investigation.The results show that OSB has the most embodied environmental burden and the largest consumption of non-renewable resources,while glulam has less and timber has the least per cubic meter.The environmental impacts of three kinds of bending members(sawn timber beam,glulam beam,I-joist) were also evaluated and compared.The results show that timber beams have the most embodied environmental burden while glulam beams have less,and I-joists have the least.Thus,material is best used in I-joists.These results provide basic data to assess the life cycle environmental impact of construction projects using wood products.


(k denoting an arbitrary real constant) shall be answered. We shall discuss the behavior of these functions in the neighborhood of the singular hyperplane Xn = 0.


Abstract : Rattlesnake venom (C. adamanteus) was injected into 141 mongrel dogs and tourniquet, incision and suction therapy (T, I+S) carried out. The fluid recovered during therapy was bio-assayed in mice for venom content. Results indicated that when T, I+S was instituted immediately, 22-44 per cent of the injected venom was removed provided the incisions reached the area of venom injection. When there was a delay prior to the onset of therapy, there was a rapid decrease in (over) the venom recovered. With subcutaneously injected venom, 17 per cent was removed after a delay of 15 minutes, and 10 per cent after a delay of one-half hour. Only 3 per cent of intramuscularly injected venom was recovered after a delay of 15 minutes. Studies with the U. S. Navy Snakebite Suction Kit indicated that the suction pump contained in the kit removed 18 per cent of injected venom under the conditions of the experiment. The studies also indicated that intramuscularly injected venom was of more serious consequence than that injected subcutaneously. It was concluded that incision and suction therapy, if it is to result in significant vensom recovery, must be instituted immediately and the incisions must reach the site of venom deposition. (Author)


The accurately estimated state is of great importance to a stable running condition of smart grid. The emergence of cyber attacks brings new challenges to the state estimation of smart grid. Especially, false data injection (FDI) attacks deteriorate the accuracy of state estimation by injecting the false data into the measurement device. To solve the problem, a cubature Kalman filter (CKF) is proposed, which can estimate the dynamic state of smart grid under FDI attacks. Firstly, due to the complexity of the state equation of smart grid, this paper adopts Holt's two-parameter exponential smoothing method to establish the state equation. Secondly, according to the principle that the measurement residuals before and after the FDI attack are equal, the expressions of the attack vectors are established. And they are applied to the measurement quantities to avoid the conventional bad data detection. Then, the cubature Kalman filter algorithm is utilized to estimate the dynamic state of the smart grid attacked by FDI. Finally, the simulated results verify effectiveness of the proposed method.


Business intelligence serves a great purpose in any business, but is usually omitted or ignored by SMEs due to lack of knowledge or simply because the owners do not consider it necessary for a medium to long-term plan term. In the long run, businesses usually fail to make a profit or cannot continue, and end up without even knowing what happened. The information generated by a company could serve as a starting point for good and solid decision-making, but the culture that dominates the SMEs of any industry leaves important information without registration or connection, leaving them to work based only on evidence and errors and Mostly "luck". This paper proposes a prototype of decision support system for a SME in the restaurant sector. The results of this work show that the company (being a SME) can improve in terms of competitive advantage through this tool of business intelligence and cross the barriers where most SMEs are stagnant in Mexico.


The coupling between radial motion and temperature fluctuations of an ignited D-T tokamak plasma is studied in terms of a one-dimensional transport model. The energy balance equations are linearized about the thermal equilibrium (i.e. ignition) point and an eigenvalue analysis is used to determine the growth rate of perturbations. If the density dynamics is relatively slow, it is found that there is, at most, one growing eigenmode. The growth rate of temperature perturbations and the extent of radial movement depend upon a parameter ηr which describes the elasticity of radial motions (ηr = T/R dR/dT, where R is the major radius and T is the plasma temperature) . A simple MHD model is used to determine the dependence of ηr upon the vertical field index (η = - R/BvdBv/dR) and the poloidal beta. The implications of different empirical scaling laws for the electron energy confinement time are examined. Similar values of ηr (ηr ∼ 0.2) can be obtained for representative ETF/INTOR and ignition test reactor (ITR) parameters. For ηr ∼ 0.2 the effect of radial motion is to reduce the central ion temperature needed for thermal stability from ∼ 50 to ∼ 35 keV if the electron energy confinement time scales as τe ∼ na2; at lower temperatures (central ion temperatures ∼ 10 – 20 keV) , the thermal runaway time is increased by a factor ∼ 2 to 3. It is pointed out that if the plasma edge is determined by some type of limiter at the midplane, small temperature fluctuations can significantly change the plasma minor radius; active burn control may be needed in some reactor designs to prevent unacceptably large radial movement in addition to providing constant plasma pressure and temperature.


Objective To investigate the effect of Ulinastatin on malonaldehyde and nitrogen monoxidum production in ischemia and reperfusion injury of lower extremity. Methods 20 cases underwent knee arthroscopy were randomly assigned to two groups, group U(n=10) administered Ulinastatin 20×10~5 U intravenously at 15 minutes before application of tourniquet and 10×10~5 U in same way at 5 minutes before release the tourniquet. Group C(n=10) underwent same treatment except the Ulinastatin is replaced by saline. Peripheral blood was sampled at the time of prior to tourniquet(T_1), 5 minutes(T_2), 15 min and 30 min(T_4)after releasing tourniquet, for the measurement of concentration of MDA and NO. Result The concentration of MDA was significantly elevated in T_2, T_3 and T_4 when compared with T_1 in group C(P0.01), whereas in group U the significant elevation only observed in the time of T_4(P0.05), and showing lower MDA in group U than in group C at T_2,T_3 and T_4(P0.05). The concentration of NO was significantly lowered at T_3,T_4 compared with T_1 in group C(P0.01), whereas in group U it only observed in T_4(P0.05),and indicating higher NO in group U than in group C at T_3 and T_4(P0.05). Conclusion Ulinastatin can inhibit the production of MDA and promote the production of NO, showing protective effect against ischemia and reperfusion injury.


One of the directions for improving the efficiency of the processes of oil extraction, transport and preparation, complicated by the emulsions formation, is the effective demulsifiers creation available by developing synergistic compositions based on nonionic surfactants, which, along with the properties inherent in individual components, have a properties complex that are the their joint action resul. The compositions use is more effective than the any substance use in its pure form. Given this, it should be noted that the development of new composite demulsifiers based on available surfactants is an important task. Studies have been carried out to obtain the ammonium salts of oleic acid, to determine their physicochemical properties and capability of using them as an additive to the initial demulsifier to increase the demulsifying ability. It is found that the compositions consisting of the original demul- sifier, which contains 47 wt. % Nonionic surfactants and 53 wt. % sol- vent, in addition containing 5 wt. % amine complex salts of oleic acid, exhibit high demulsifying activity and enable deep dehydration of both low-viscosity and high-viscosity oils.


In vivo, Haematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) self-renew so as to maintain a constant pool of these cells. It would be very interesting to maintain these cells in vitro, in view of their therapeutical importance. Unfortunately, there is currently no known process to activate HSCs self-renewal in vitro. Since the difficulties related to in vitro experiments, modeling and simulating this process is indispensable. Moreover, the complexity of haematopoiesis makes it necessary to integrate various functionalities: both discrete and continuous models as well as consumption and production of resources. Hence, we focussed on the use of Hybrid Functional Petri Nets. We started with modelling and simulation of the role of a specific cytokine, interleukin-6, in the regulation of early haematopoiesis.


Objective To investigate the caesarian section healing processes of the uterus.Methods 7-9 days after caesarian section, the uterus size ,cavity and inxision heling in 441 cases were searched by B-mode US beside the bed.ResuIts 420 cases(95.24 %) had linear echo in uterine cavity ,11 cases(2.49%)had thick liquid dark area about 1.5cm and 10 cases(2.27%) more than 1.5 cm left. Uterine healing signs showed 420 cases(95.24%)slight swell, 12 cases(2.72%) obvious swell, 6 cases(1.36%) with hematoma formation and 3 cses(0.07%) local inflammatoy proliferation. Conclusion B-mode ultrasonic technique can tell caesarian section healing processes and its out come.


Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor,VEGF)kindred is a kind of multifunctional cytokines.It has direct or indirect regulative function in vascularization,It can facilitate proliferation of endothelial cell ,accelerat vascularization and increase vasucular permeability. In ischemic disease ,VEGF can ameliorate ischemia by promotiong lateral branch circulation .With regard to neoplasm,it is believed that the treatment of resist neoplasm with anti-VEGF should improve the diagnostic and therapeutical level of neoplasm ultimately.


The Randić index (R) and the geometric–arithmetic index (GA) are found to be useful tools in QSPR and QSAR studies. In the Journal of Inequalities and Applications 180, 1-7, Lokesha, Shwetha Shetty, Ranjini, Cangul, and Cevik gave "New bounds for Randić and GA indices." In the paper, we first point out that Theorems 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect and in this short note we present the correct inequalities for Randić and GA indices. In the same paper, we provide the equality cases for Theorems 3, 5, and 6.


This book is one of six already published in the series Changing Education edited by Andy Hargreaves and Ivor Goodson. The series seeks to provide opportunities for authoritative voices from around the globe to address the con icting, contradictory and contested directions of educational change as these are manifested in a wide variety of educational systems. Leithwood has a wealth of experience and has accumulated expertise in research on educational leadership for more than 20 years, and with his colleagues (Jantsi and Steinbach) seeks to provide the reader with a summary of accumulated wisdom in the Ž eld of educational leadership from a variety of research initiatives within this extended timeframe. The series editors suggest in the book's preface that:


Syntheses of 1-(β-D-Arbinofuranosyl)-pyrimidines

New synthetic methods of 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-pyrimidines are described. 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-uracil, 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil, 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-thymine, and 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-cytosine can be obtained in a high yield by the splitting of the anhydrobond in 2,2′-anhydropyrimidines in dipolar aprotic solvents, such as HMPT, DMF, and DMSO, respectively, in the presence of activated elemental copper.

Unlike the formation of cyclopyrimidiens ribonucleosides are directly transformed to the corresponding arabinofuranosyl derivatives by the reaction with diphenylcarbonate and NaHCO3 in the presence of copper. The reaction proceeds probably via an intermediate formation of the cycloproduct. Further aspects on the mechanism are described.


The Term Processor Kimwitu Manual and Cookbook, Version 10a. This version is identical to Version 10, except for this page (the license text), a few bugfixes, and a change from LATEX to LATEX2e, and the use of the hyperref package. This manual documents Kimwitu version 4.5.


Pipe-in-pipe (PIP) systems are increasingly used in subsea pipeline applications where thermal insulation of the pipe is necessary. Pipe-in-pipe systems consist of an inner pipe, conveying the hydrocarbons, and an outer pipe, withstanding the external pressure. The annulus between the inner and outer pipes is either empty or contains non-structural insulation material. Vibration of subsea pipeline under ambient wave forces could substantially reduce its fatigue life. In extreme loading conditions such as earthquake ground excitations, excessive vibration could damage the pipe structure. Therefore control the vibration level is important in pipe structure design. This study investigates the effectiveness of installing the optimized springs and dashpots in the annulus of the pipe-in-pipe system to control its vibration. The system with such designs can be regarded as a tuned mass damper (TMD). This paper carries out numerical simulations on the effectiveness of using pipe-in-pipe system to mitigate seismic induced vibrations of subsea pipelines. The simplification of the pipe-in-pipe system as a TMD system is firstly presented, the seismic responses of the traditional and proposed pipe-inpipe systems are calculated and the effectiveness of using pipe-in-pipe systems for the subsea pipeline vibration control is discussed. Numerical results show that the proposed pipe-in-pipe system can effectively suppress the seismic induced vibrations of subsea pipelines without adding any additional mass.


Abstract A simple one-dimensional, time-dependent model of an evaporatively driven downdraft is presented. The model is described by equations for raindrop evaporation, raindrop concentration, water substance, thermodynamic energy and vertical air velocity. At the top of the downdraft, the pressure, temperature, relative humidity, vertical air velocity and the raindrop size distribution are specified; Marshall–Palmer and monodisperse drop size distributions are considered. The environment of the downdrafts is assumed to be still and steady and is specified by the height distributions of temperature and water vapor. The bottom of the downdraft is considered to be open. Calculations are presented for downdrafts developing in the subcloud layer of high-based cumulus. It is found that the intensity of the downdraft at the bottom of the column, increases with 1) increasing lapse rate of temperature in the environment, 2) increasing rainwater mixing ratio at the top of the downdraft 3) increasing relative humid...


Since the development of the agriculture, at least, hydropower has been used for irrigation and other engines such as watermills and domestic lifts (provision of water). It was only in the late 19th century, after the discovery of the electrical generator, that hydropower could be converted into electricity. The early 20th century was the turning point of the hydroelectricity, as we know. Since then, the hydroelectricity sector has technologically advanced and the current engineering arrangements are considerably improved compared with the pioneers.


A 3hr large scale participatory installation/event that included live performance, video works,objects, fabric sculptures and was the result of a three month artist residency undertaken by Cam Lab (Jemima Wyman and Anna Mayer)at the Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles California.

The exhibition transformed two adjoining spaces in the museum, taking design cues from permanent collection artworks currently on view and encouraged gallery visitors to oscillate between immersion and agency as they occupy the various perspectives proposed by the installation.


Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were treated with ginkgo biloba extract for 5 weeks. The results showed that lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide level were decreased in the macrophages from diabetic rats treated with ginkgo biloba extract.


ED FROM Martens EJ, de Jonge P, Na B, et al. Scared to death? Generalized anxiety disorder and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease:The Heart and Soul Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010;67:750–8. Correspondence to: Dr Elisabeth J Martens, Department of Medical Psychology, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands; email@example.com Sources of funding: The VA Epidemiology (Merit Review) Program; the VA Health Services Research and Development service Career Development Program, The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The American Federation for Aging Research, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, The Ischemia Research and Education Foundation and the Nancy Kirwan Heart Fund


This marketing review of spunbonded nonwovens focuses on one potentially promising area of application: the use of spunbonded nonwovens as components in permanent roadbuilding systems. Use of spunbondeds for this purpose would have to be measured in tons per mile. Growth possibilities for spunbondeds in other civil engineering applications are also discussed.


This paper introduced gray correlation analysis in enterprises performance evaluation,and established logistics enterprises performance evaluation model,and selected six listed enterprises to carry on the performance analysis,obtained the relative position of these enterprises achievements level.


A method for separation and determination of sulfur compounds in gasoline fraction of vaccum gas oil microreactor products by gas chromatography - atomic emission detector(GC- AED) was established. Gasoline fractions of microreactor products were injected to capillary. Heavier fractions were vent from capillary inlet by adjusting pressure of capillary inlet and packed column inlet. Effects of carrier gas speed oven temperature on resolution were discussed. Retention index of different sulfur compounds under temperature programmed condition were calculated. A total of 37 sulfur compounds were identified and determined quantitatively. External calibration curve was applied to the area responses of each sulfur components in sulfur chromatograrn. Linear range of peak area vs concentration relation was between 0.5 - 400 mg/L. From relevant linear equations correlation coefficients were obtained. Deviations (RSD) of main sulfur compounds (ethyl mercaptan, thiophene, 2- methylthiophene, 3 - methylthiophene, 2, 4 - dimethylthiophene) on microreactor products were 0.9% to 5.0% (n = 7). The contents of each sulfur compounds in microreactor products were determined.


The pH dependence of the reduction potential E° for a metalloprotein indicates that the protonation state of at least one residue near the redox site changes and may be important for its activity. The responsible residue is usually identified by site-specific mutagenesis, which may be time-consuming. Here, the titration of E° for Chromatium vinosum high-potential iron-sulfur protein is predicted to be in good agreement with experiment using density functional theory and Poisson-Boltzmann calculations if only the sole histidine undergoes changes in protonation. The implementation of this approach into CHARMMing, a user-friendly web-based portal, allows users to identify residues in other proteins causing similar pH dependence.


Inter-Island transportation support the links for various goods delivery and the availability of commodities among islands throughout Indonesia. When the scarcity of a commodity exists in one island beause of the delay of goods arrival sechedule, the price of the commodity will rise up and inflation rate can also increase. Therefore, this research investigates the influence of some internal and external factors: unit ship's call (X1), DWT ship's call (X2), inflation (X3), and loading-unloading tariff (X4) towards load volume of general cargo (Y) in Tanjung Perak port, Surabaya.And the results are concluded that loading-unloading tariff is influenced strongly with the investigated variables: X1 with regression coefficient by 361.105; X2 with regression coefficient by 0.020; X3 with regression coefficient by 2765.239; and X4 with regression coefficient by 24.854.


Here we investigate the Hβ and Mg II spectral line parameters used for the black hole mass (MBH) estimation for a sample of Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) spectra selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) database. We have analyzed and compared the virialization of the Hβ and Mg II emission lines, and found that the Hβ line is more confident virial estimator than Mg II. We have investigated the influence of the Balmer continuum emission to the MBH estimation from the UV parameters, and found that the Balmer continuum emission can contribute to the overestimation of the MBH on average for ~ 5% (up to 10%).


Metabolic syndrome has been defined by the International Diabetes Federation as a cluster of clinical signs of central obesity (waist circumference Z94 cm for men and Z80 cm for women), with any 2 of the following: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, or elevated blood pressure. The authors are to be congratulated for their thoughtful treatment strategy for overweight Chinese patients with T2DM seeking surgical intervention. The study randomly assigned 60 T2DM patients into having either a very large gastric reservoir or a more standardized gastric pouch (50 mL) with the same limb lengths in a Roux-en-Y configuration. The goal was to identify perceivable differences in diabetic response, while maintaining or decreasing surgical morbidity in the group that was offered the larger gastric reservoir. They found a significantly greater reduction in HbA1c and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) scores in patients having the smaller gastric pouch. Although some reports [1] have similar outcomes, the authors try to increase the validity of the treatment by demonstrating an improvement in insulin resistance (IR), which is the final common pathway of metabolic syndrome. What cannot be determined is the mechanism that led to this difference. Various techniques exist in creating the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and no "standard" exists. Anatomic differences include gastric pouch size, biliopancreatic (BP) limb length, alimentary limb length, and common channel limb length, just to state a few. The average pouch size, BP limb, and alimentary limb length in one survey of 215 bariatric surgeons from the United States was found to be 25 mL, 48, and 114 cm, respectively [2]. The authors chose to compare gastric pouch size and not bowel limb lengths. The rationale for this is not stated. Most current research focuses on neurohormonal changes, incretins, and alterations in bowel lengths when studying the metabolic changes of RYGB. One may assume a larger pouch was chosen both for technical ease as well as minimizing alterations in eating habits. This size of the gastric reservoir may then lead to less weight change in this


Portable air treatment apparatus and system includes a filter holding mechanism for selectively holding the replacement filter assembly as possible. Filter holding mechanism together with the support surface, and a body can not be moved in the rigidity to reduce the size of the access opening to the filter chamber formed otherwise by an air treatment apparatus housing. Rigid body serves as a catch or latch to prevent unanticipated release of the filter assembly of the chamber. In addition, the support surface is rigid and provides a means for not to, the filter assembly facilitates deflection mainly in a non-permanently for the rigid body to move the insertion and removal. Air processing unit, a filter assembly, a blower, a housing, a filter holding mechanism


General classification of polymeric surfactants was briefed.Recent progress in synthesis of polymeric surfactants,including block and graft type polymeric surfactants,as well as utilization of recycled waste PET(poly ethylene terephthalate) for making polymeric surfactants were reviewed.Meanwhile,the specific properties of polymeric surfactants and their applications in pharmaceutical,petroleum,textile dyeing and printing industry as well as paper industry were also discussed.Finally,the development of polymeric surfactants in the future was prospected.


Cerebral palsy is a disorder of movement, muscle tone and posture. Cerebral palsy is due to abnormal brain development often before birth. Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability in children; about 2 per 1000 live-born are later diagnosed with CP. Social inequality in risk has been reported for outcomes strongly associated with CP, including preterm birth, low birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction. In medical world, there are a lot of newly developed technologies are present in children health for pediatric care. Therefore several generations before in Siddha literatures are described the child growth, child growing period and the specific group of medicinal plants suitable for pediatric population and the diseases that occur in various stages of childhood and their treatment. In Siddha literature, most of the symptoms of Cerebral Palsy are correlated to Siravatham, Sirasthamba Vatham. I reviewed a complete manual on siddha treatment for cerebral palsy. The external therapies are like Varmam, Podithimirthal, Ennaiooral (Sira Pootchu), Ennaiozhukku (Tharai), Thokanam, Nasiyam. One of the concepts of Siddha system is diseases are raised from impairment of Mukkutram (Vatham, Pitham and Kabam).These external therapies were found to reduce Vadha and Kabha and induce Pitha. So that the above therapies are used to reduce the symptoms and manage the condition.


This one-day workshop examines the current state of research in computing to support elders in maintaining health and well-being. A particular area of interest is in designing technologies to facilitate connectedness - staying connected with friends and family, staying connected with past, present, and future, staying connected with elders' identifying pastimes, and staying connected with the status of their health. We then identify key areas for future research, and discuss ways to foster more effective research in these areas.


Objective To investigate the relationship between angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE)gene insertion/deletion and angiotensin II type 1 receptor(AT1R)A1166C gene polymorphisms and intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)and to analyze whether both of them had the synergistic effect in causing ICH.Methods ACE and AT1R genotypes and alleles were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RLFP)in 80 patients with ICH and 90 healthy controls,and the effect of different genetypes in causing ICH were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The ACE DD genotype frequency was 35.0%,and the D allele genotype frequency was 51.9% in the ICH group.It was significantly higher than 15.6% and 38.9% in the healthy control group(P0.05 all);the AT1R AC genotype frequency was 32.5%,and the C allele genotype frequency was 16.2%.It was significantly higher than 11.1% and 5.6% in the healthy control group(P0.05 all);Logistic regression showed that among the 170 recruited subjects who carried AT1R AC genetype(OR:3.852,95% CI,1.719-8.632;P0.01),ACE DD genetype(OR:2.923;95% CI,1.406-6.079;P0.01),and the subjects who carried both AT1R AC and ACE DD genotypes(OR:4.250;95% CI,1.479-12.209;P0.01)were the independent risk factors for ICH.Conclusion ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphisms and AT1R A1166C gene may be an independent genetic factor for the onset of ICH,and there were synergistic effect in causing ICH between them.


Our argument would be that the gap between American and European/Global constitutional law stems partly from the fact that American constitutional law developed well before American administrative law, whereas European constitutional law developed well after European administrative law. This historical fact, we shall argue, has created a different conception of constitutional law and of constitutional rights which keeps informing both systems to this day.


The new ligand [N,N`-bis (3-methyl-2-benzothiazilidene) thiocarbamide] [BTC]. [BTC] its complexes with some trivalent metal ions [Cr, Fe, Rh and Ru]. Structures of the new compounds were characterized by elemental and thermal analyses as well as FT-IR and UV-Vis spectra. The magnetic properties and electrical conductivity of metal complexes were also determined. Study of the nature of the complexes formed in ethanol following the mole ratio method. The stability constant of the complexes have been studied with the time, as well as the molar absorptivities have been calculated. The work also include a theoretical treatment of the formed complexes in the gas phase, this was done using the (hyperchem-8) program for the molecular mechanics and semi-empirical calculations. The heat of formation (ΔHf), binding energy (ΔEb) and total energy (ΔET) for ligand and their complexes were calculated by (PM3) method at 298 K. The electrostatic potential of the ligand [BTC] was calculated to investigate the reactive sites of the molecules. PM3 were used to evaluate the bond length, vibrational and electronic spectra for the ligand [BTC] and their metal complexes then comparing with the experimental values. The antibacterial activity for the [BTC] and its metal complexes were studied against two types of pathogenic bacteria (Pseudonomous aerugionosa, as gram negative) and (Staphylococcus aurous, as gram positive). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) have been also studied to determine the low concentration for inhibition. Two antibiotics (Ampicillin and Amoxicillin) have been chosen to compare their activity to those of the new compounds. The results showed higher activity of the new compounds relative to the chosen antibiotics. Furthermore, the antifungal activity against (Candida albicans) and (Aspergillus flavus) were also studied for [BTC] and their metal complexes.


Objective To study the relationship between leptin and diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods Seventy Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:30 in the normal control(NC)group and 40 in the diabetic mellitus(DM)group.The rats in DM group were injected intraperitoneally with low dose streptozotocin(STZ,30mg/kg)after 2-month fed with high calorie diet,while the animals of NC group were injected intraperitoneally with the same volume citric acid buffer after 2-month normal diet.Before and after treatment 1,2,3 and 6 months,6 rats in each group were sacrificed and blood samples were obtained to measure the levels of leptin,fasting blood insulin(FINS),cholesterol(Cho),triglyceride(Tri),etc.The kidney samples were used for analyzing morphologically.Results Volume of glomerule of DM group was bigger than NC group at month one after injection with STZ(P0.01).The difference was more significant at month two.However,the volume of glomerule of DM group was smaller than NC group at months 3 and 6(P0.01).Glomerular basement membrane(GBM)was thicker in DM group than in NC group at months 3 and 6(P0.01);the level of leptin of DM group was much higher than NC group after high calorie diet given for two months(P0.01),but decreased after injected with STZ,then it increased continually during the whole experiment.Conclusion leptin may be one of the facilitative facts in the pathogenesis of DN.


Neural network modules conditioned by known priors can be effectively trained and combined to represent systems with nonlinear dynamics. This work explores a novel formulation for data-efficient learning of deep control-oriented nonlinear dynamical models by embedding local model structure and constraints. The proposed method consists of neural network blocks that represent input, state, and output dynamics with constraints placed on the network weights and system variables. For handling partially observable dynamical systems, we utilize a state observer neural network to estimate the states of the system's latent dynamics. We evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture and training methods on system identification tasks for three nonlinear systems: a continuous stirred tank reactor, a two tank interacting system, and an aero-dynamics body. Models optimized with a few thousand system state observations accurately represent system dynamics in open loop simulation over thousands of time steps from a single set of initial conditions. Experimental results demonstrate an order of magnitude reduction in open-loop simulation mean squared error for our constrained, block-structured neural models when compared to traditional unstructured and unconstrained neural network models.


The objectives of this study are as follows: To find out and analyze the application of case settlement through a restorative justice approach in handling fraud and embezzlement crimes. The method used by the researcher is juridical sociological approach. The specifications in this study are descriptive. The sources and types of data in this study are secondary data obtained from library studies. Data analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of the study that the application of case resolution through a restorative justice approach in handling the crime of fraud and embezzlement is carried out through a mechanism of several stages so that the action is truly an effort to enforce the law by prioritizing the principle of restorative justice. The application of this principle is a breakthrough in law enforcement, so that it can speed up the settlement of cases, the costs incurred are relatively cheaper and indirectly have an impact on improving the performance of investigators.


The studies were carried out to observe the effect of various nitrogen levels (0, 100, 150 & 200 kg ha -1 ) and spacing (5, 10 & 15 cm) on growth and yield of radish. The experiment was laid out according to randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Application of 200kg N ha. -1 planted at 10 cm plant to plant distance was found the best


This study investigates the relationship between readers' perceptions of story emphasis and the degrees of risk from and control over science and technology developments felt by readers. Contrary to expectations, respondents saw scientific and technological developments as higher in risk and with outcomes less under their control when they read stories that emphasized the social and political over the scientific and technical aspects of these developments. Exploratory research bearing on the validity of the powerfulness scale used is also reported.


corrects illusions about the historical stability of US power and world capitalism, focusing instead on sources of conflict and tension. Hence, while the uneven and combined development framework provides scope for theorizing about the balance between cooperation and conflict among states, it tends to focus more on conflict. It might be fruitful to compare Desai's work with other scholars, such as Leo Panitch & Sam Gindin (2012), who emphasize the ways that the American Empire has integrated other parts of the world through the internationalization of states and class relations. Finally, since the 1980s there has been a shift towards Neo-Gramscian international relations theory, which focuses on the ways the American state has been able to present its interests as universal interests. This also provides a way of thinking about class, states and cooperation in the international order that would contrast interestingly with Desai's work. Finally, her discussion of multi-polarity could be more fleshed out. While the BRICS are likely the most significant challenge to American power since the USSR or the non-aligned movement, we still live in a world structured around the American Empire. While Desai's framework does provide a framework for analyzing these movements of world power, her analysis might look somewhat different if she engaged with the discussions that emphasize cooperation in international politics. Desai's book is one of the most important and challenging studies of American world power to come out in recent years. It deserves careful study and a wide readership.


Goods and Services Tax Council (GST Council) is a joint forum of the Centre and the States, created under Article 279A of the Constitution, for the smooth implementation of GST. Meetings of GST Council are held from time-to-time to sort out problems and ensure harmonization on different aspects of GST between the Centre and the States as well as among the States themselves. GST Council works on the basis of consensus. In all, 47 meetings of the Council have been held so far to discuss a wide range of issues concerning GST. Out of the 47 meetings, 18 took place before and 29 after the introduction of GST.Decisions taken in various meetings of the GST Council provide glimpses of the problems and challenges posed by GST and the measures taken to solve them, making for a fascinating study of India's march towards co-operative Federalism. The editorial staff of the Journal has painstakingly summarized the main decisions of all the 47 meetings of the GST Council and the same are set out in this section of the Journal.


A tent top folding and unfolding mechanism comprises a connecting seat, a sliding seat and an elastic telescopic part, wherein the connecting seat is connected with a tent top rod in a pivoted mode, the sliding seat is connected with a connecting part in a pivoted mode and conducts up-down movement relative to the connecting seat. The other end of the connecting part is connected on the tent top rod in a pivoted mode. The middle of the connecting seat downwards extends out of a containing seat which contains the elastic telescopic part. The upper portion of the sliding seat forms a sinking seat, the outer diameter of the sinking seat is larger than that of the containing seat, and after a bolt rod sequentially penetrates through the sliding seat, the lower end of the containing seat and the elastic telescopic rod from the lower portion of the sliding seat to the top, the bolt is connected with a bolt nut in a locked mode. The containing seat is arranged on the connecting seat, so that the elastic telescopic part is contained in the containing seat, the bolt rod and the bolt nut are used to achieve the aim that the elastic telescopic part is compressed and the sliding seat is driven to conduct up-down movement, and the sliding seat drives the tent top rod to fold and unfold by a connecting rod to meet the function of assisting to unfold a tent. Therefore, the tent top folding and unfolding mechanism is concise and simple in structure, and good in appearance integrality, and can effectively ensure product strength and service life under the condition that a hole dost not need forming or a slot does not need forming in the side wall of the containing seat which contains the elastic telescopic part.


Based on the summarization of the regional geology and ore-forming characteristics of three types of iron deposits and a study of the geological conditions and geophysical data of the western segment of the East Kunlun Mountain,the authors established metallogenic models to explain the ore-forming mechanisms of the Dimunalike,Panlongfeng and Tatelark iron deposits.The sedimentary-metamorphic iron deposits formed in the Paleozoic are mainly distributed in the Changshagou and Mangya ophiolite melange zones,and hosted mainly in flysch and marble formations.The skarn type iron deposits are distributed mainly in the NW-SE trending Qimantage ophiolite melange zone,hosted in the marble formation of the Palaeoproterozoic Baishahe Formation,the crystalline limestone-dolomitic limestone-dolomite of the Jixian System and the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian reef limestone-graywacke-dolomite-biological micrite formation.The skarn type iron deposit was formed mainly in Paleozoic and Mesozoic epochs,genetically linked to the intrusion of the Indo-Chinese granodiorite and adamellite and the Yanshanian K-feldspar granites,with ore bodies hosted mainly in the calcareous skarns formed in the contact zones between the fault-controlled intrusions and the carbonate.


A drill collar with the diameter of 159 mm was fractured during working process.Chemical composition,metallurgical observation,SEM analysis and mechanical testing were carried out on the failure drill collar.The results showed that:the fracture of this drill collar was fatigue.The fatigue facture formed at the last 1—2 internal screw thread,where stress was highly concentrated,and the force was relatively higher in unit area.During the service of the drill collar,a slight crack first appeared in the inner surfacce with high stress and then it deepened through the wall of the drill collar.


When evaluating the quality of a new Medical Examination Network Environment, one needs to evaluate not only just the technical aspect, but also the clinical aspect. During the assessment, this paper wishes to highlight that one needs to take into account the existing standards in the field of health information technology. Furthermore, the quality offered can be measured by the degree of conformity with the standards. Here, the reader is introduced to the relevant specific standards that one should comply with when trying to evaluate this quality quantitatively. Keywords-quality; assessment; evaluation; standards; medical network; QC; DICOM; PACS; HL7; IHE


The triangular fuzzy number has both certain determination and uncertain determination.Based on the SET PAIR ANALYSIS(SPA) theory,we can transform the triangular fuzzy number into the connection number,and then establish multiple attribute decision making through the connection number multiple index evaluation decision making.The example indicates that the model method is simple and can be easily handled and the conclusion is credible and rational.


Nowadays, we can see there is a surge in image tampering. In addition, to remove any traces of tampering, post-processing is carried out, which makes it challenging for the analyzer to find the fake. With the goal of leaving no signs for human visual detection, image forging can be carried out in a variety of ways by conducting different operations such as adding, removing, or copying specific elements of a picture within an image or to another image. Image tampering can be used to dilute, defame, and slander an individual or organization. Since digital images are frequently used as evidence in the media, in court, and for long-term record keeping, it is crucial to develop approaches to detect forgeries in images used by the mainstream press, in court hearings, and for maintaining visual records. The proposed paper focuses on various image forgery detection methods and tools. It also gives a comparative analysis between the various methods, their pros and cons, and the results obtained using various tools.


L-System is a dominant method for tree modeling based on botanical rule,which has been widely used in virtual plant modeling and application.However,great challenge still existed in practice,such as difficulties in extraction of L-system rule and inconvenience in modeling.In order to solve these problems,L-system rule compound modeling method was present,which is beneficial for reuse of tree morphologic geometry and growing rule.Based on various basic libraries composed of ramification,phyllotaxis,inflorescence,fruit and others,the method constructs 3D geometric tree model by assembling different organ models from those libraries and integrating the knowledge of plant morphology and physioecology along with the measured data of plant morphological factors.This method is proved well by achieving the 3D longan tree and other tree models quickly.At present,it is more suitable for tall tree with complex organs,but not all plants.By introducing this method,we hope to reduce the difficulty of L-system modeling and to achieve the purpose of rapid modeling.


A method for raising the efficiency at which the energy of the beam from a multimode laser is coverted into a train of ultrashort stimulated-Raman pulses is proposed and a theory is derived. (AIP)


Ultrafiltration membranes were prepared from homopolymer [polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyvivylidenefluoride (PVDF)] and acrylonitrile copolymers with increasing acrylamide content. The membranes containing acrylamide were more hydrophilic and had a smaller dispersive surface energy than those prepared from the acrylonitrile homopolymer. A new nonfouling index (NFI) test was devised and appears to distinguish well between ultrafiltration membranes of different hydrophilicity–hydrophobicity balance. The NFI indices of acrylamide containing copolymer membranes were much higher than those of membranes cast with commercial membrane materials such as PAN, PES, and PVDF. The NFI of ultrafiltration membranes increased as acrylamide substitution in the copolymer increased. The use of acrylamide containing copolymers substantially eliminated intrinsic fouling. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1600–1606, 2000


Purpose: Prevalence of supracondylar fractures above a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is increasing due to the increasing age of treated patients and the larger number of implants. We report the functional results in a series of thirteen patients treated with a distal femoral graft (DFG) associated with revision TKA. Material and methods: Between 1990 and 2001, thirteen patients (twelve women and one man), mean age 65 years (24–93) were treated with DFG associated with revision TKA. All fractures were type III using the Lewis classification and involved severe osteoporotic bone associated with loosening of the femoral piece. Before fracture, the patients had had two operations on average (1–4). The fracture occurred as a result of a fall in nine patients, low-energy trauma in three, and during mobilisation under general anaesthesia in one. The functional results were noted prospectively using the modified HSS score and the SF-36 quality-of-life questionnaire. Radiographic assessment of bone healing and implant stability was performed by two independent observers (kappa=0.75, p=0.02). Results: At mean follow-up of 60 months (12–144), the mean HSS score was 75 (64–86). Mean knee flexion was 100° (50–115°). One patient required subsequent amputation due to infection. Using our classification, functional outcome was good or excellent in seven patients, fair in four and poor in two. For nine patients, x-rays showed no sign of loosening. In three patients, there was minimal to moderate periprosthetic bone resorption. Discussion: Treatment of periprosthetic fractures of the knee is a therapeutic challenge. Osteoporosis and comminution is a complex association making stable osteo-synthesis difficult with conventional methods. Massive knee prosthesis using a DFG and a standard TKA is an attractive alternative. This technique allows restoration of the bone stock by bone healing and constitutes a less aggressive therapeutic solution. Conclusion: Despite the risk of infection, we believe that composite prostheses can be an attractive option for the treatment of periprosthetic supracondylar fractures of the knee.


Deleuze's 1960 lecture course at l'Ecole Superieure de Saint-Cloud on chapter three of Bergson's Creative Evolution is of interest to us today for a number of reasons. The course can be read in the light of Deleuze's attempt from 1956 to 1966 to demonstrate Bergson's importance for philosophy (what we might call "the Bergsonian Revolution"). But it also provides a set of revealing insights into the development of Deleuze's own philosophical project. Not only does it display Deleuze's tremendous gifts as a pedagogue, it also contains in embryonic and germinal form some of the essential modes of thought that characterize his contribution in the development of philosophy in post-war France. My intention in this introduction is not to provide a commentary on the lecture course. Instead I want to illuminate two topics that occupy an important place in the Bergsonian revolution and which inform and shape Deleuze's interpretation of Bergson, both in the lecture course and in his published writings on Bergson: Bergson's relation to Kant, and the endeavour to think beyond the human condition.


Lack of Lorentz invariance of QCD at a finite quark chemical potential in general implies the need for Lorentz noninvariant condensates for the self-consistent description of the color-superconducting ground state. Moreover, the spontaneous breakdown of color $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ in this state naturally leads to the existence of $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ noninvariant nonsuperconducting expectation values. We illustrate these observations by analyzing the properties of an effective two-flavor Nambu\char21{}Jona-Lasinio-type Lagrangian and discuss the possibility of color-superconducting states with effectively gapless fermionic excitations. It turns out that the effect of the condensates so far neglected can yield new interesting phenomena.


The function of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in signal processing and computing had been introduced briefly. Working principle and design flowdetails of LMS, NLMS adaptive filter using Altera s Simulink based tool DSPBuilder was presented in this paper. The diagram and timing simulation results of the filter were given, and the design can be implemented in a FPGA as well.


I was counting individuals in flight flocks for the Brown Pelican and the Neotropic Cormorant in the Malaga Bay area of the Pacific coast of Colombia. Flight flock formation for either of both species is independent from the number of individuals in the flock. However the Neotropic Cormorant use to flight in vee formation more frequently than the Brown Pelican.


^^"The superheterodyne detection technique used for the spectrometer instrument of the PRONAOS project will provide a very high spectral resolution (Av/v = 10"). The most critical components are those located at the front-end of the receiver : their contribution dominates the total noise of the receiver. Therefore it is important to perform accurate studies for specific components, such as mixers and multipliers working in the submillimeter wave range. Difficulties in generating enough local oscillator (L.O.) power at high frequencies make SIS mixers very desirable for operation above 300 GHz. The low L.O. power requirements and the low noise temperature of these mixers are the primary reason for buiding an SIS receiver. This paper will report the successful fabrication of small (< 1 pm) Nb/Al-Ox/Nb junctions and arrays with excellent I-V characteristics and very good reliability, resulting in a low noise receiver performance measured in the 368/380 GHz frequency range. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19930018553 2020-02-17T00:50:05+00:00Z Pagel90 Third International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology I INTRODUCTION Observations from a stratospheric balloon are unobstructed by the atmosphere which is opaque at submillimeter and far-infrared wavelengths from the ground. For this reason, a submillimeter balloon-borne observatory is being developed under the responsibility of the "Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales" (CNES), the French Space Agency. It consists of a stabilized gondola supporting a 2 meter diameter telescope, associated alternately with an infrared multiband spectrometer or a submillimeter heterodyne spectrometer (SMH). This last instrument will be used to simultaneously detect the 368 GHz ©2 line and the 380 GHz H2O line in the interstellar medium. It is scheduled to fly in fall 1994 using a 1,000,000 m balloon at an altitude of 37 km. Receivers using SIS tunnel junctions have shown better sensitivities than Schottky diode receivers operated at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Theoretically, sensitivities approaching the quantum limit can be achieved [1]. Up to about 300 GHz the most sensitive receivers use waveguides and superconducting RF tuning circuits integrated with the SIS junctions [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Above this frequency, two options appear to be available. The first possibility is to design a waveguide mixer (with full-height or reduced-height waveguide) using two tuners (i.e. generally a backshort and an E-plane tuner) [9,10]. A DSB receiver noise temperature of 150 K at 345 GHz has been reported with this design [9]. Another possibility is to use a quasioptical SIS mixer, which is very promising above 500 GHz where very small waveguides are very difficult to machine [11,12,13,14]. This design is compatible with tuning elements. Finally we have chosen for our first experiments a waveguide design because it is better understood than open-structure mixers. II RECEIVER DESCRIPTION A block diagram of our submillimeter wave heterodyne spectrometer is shown in figure 1. Rotation of a flat mirror set allows the calibration of the receiver by commuting the incoming beam from the telescope between a hot and a cold load. Due to the short wavelengths, a quasioptical free space propagation is adopted [15]. A Mach-Zehnder type diplexer is used for the 374 GHz local oscillator signal injection into the SIS mixer. The L.O. source consists of a phase-locked 93.5 GHz Gunn diode oscillator combined with two varactor diode doublers connected in series. The intermediate frequency (I.F.) is chosen at 5.85 GHz to allow the simultaneous detection of the O2 line in the lower band at 368 GHz and the H2O line in the upper band at 380 GHz. The I.F. output feeds a specially designed cooled low-noise HEMT amplifier with a gain of 30 dB. A noise temperature of 18 K has been achieved at 5.85 GHz over a 700 MHz bandwidth at a temperature of Third International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology Page 191 27 K [16]. The signal is then amplified at room-temperature and coupled to the acousto optical spectrometer (AOS) subsystem with a resolution of 800 kHz in a 800 MHz bandwidth. telescope 368 -380 GHz 374 GHz SIS Mixer & Integrated I.F. GHz\ / [matching circuit I 5.85 f Liquid He cryostat ^Hz I Output


High‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) test ordering has evolved since the 2006 ASCCP guidelines. In light of the availability of the HPV test results for most women ≥30 y, regardless of the Pap test diagnosis; we examined their value in assessing the overall performance of cytopathologists (CPs).


The aim of this study was to find the structural changes in the testis and semen quality parameters of rat after a singleintraperitoneal and repeated peroral selenium administration. Rats were killed 36 hours following the intraperitonealadministration of selenium selenite (2 mg.kg-1 b.w.; 98% purity) and after 90 days of the peroral repeatedadministration of selenium in drinking water (5 mg.l-1). Testis samples were evaluated by histological andmorphometrical methods in light microscopy. Evaluation of semen samples were examined with CASA method. 36hours after the selenium i.p. administration, damage of cellular associations, release of necrotised epithelial cells totubule lumen and fibrotisation and extension of interstitium were observed. Morphometry methods have shown thereduction of seminiferous epithelium volume (P<0.001), extension of interstitium (P<0.001) and increased area ofintraepithelial spaces (P<0.01). In p.o. group similar but more intense changes were noted; in addition, occasionalldegeneration of seminiferous tubuli and rarely total damage in histoarchitecture of seminiferous epithelium wereobserved. CASA analysis revealed significant decrease in all parameters except the concentration of spermatozoa.Additionally, we suppose that p.o. dose 5 mg.l-1 sodium selenite in drinking water is minimum lethal dose level foryoung rats. Selenium after i.p. and p.o. administration causes damage of seminiferous epithelium and interstitium. Itleads to changes in relative proportion of functional tissues of the testis. Reduced spermatogenesis and harmfuleffects in semen parameters are characteristic especially for peroral repeated (subchronic) administration. Thesechanges are time- and dose-dependent. In both dosage methods subfertility or infertility can appear.


We report the effectiveness of barium niobate as a needle-type vortex pinning center, as well as a change in the vortex state in Ba–Nb–O (BNO)-doped ErBa2Cu3Oy thin films. BNO doping was effective for improving critical current properties for a magnetic field direction parallel to the c axis of a matrix film and induced the generation of columnar defects with diameters of 5–25 nm. The irreversibility lines were also changed by the BNO doping and were similar to those of heavy-ion-irradiated YBa2Cu3Oy crystals in which the vortex Bose glass state was induced. It is suggested that the characteristic field relevant to crossover from the Bose glass to collective pinned glass depends on the BNO doping level. There is a possibility that Ba-based perovskite-type oxides promote the formation of nanorods universally and these nanorods play the role of one-dimensional c-axis-correlated pinning centers.


Abstract In this article the industrial goals and objectives of the European Framework 7th project termed "REconfiguration of CONtrol in Flight for Integral Global Upset Recovery (RECONFIGURE)" are presented. Commercial aircraft fault tolerant control (FTC) strategies in the flight control system (FCS) are based on fail-safe flight control law reconfiguration which relies on upstream hardware redundancy-based robust Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD). This industrial state-of-practice fits well in the current certification process but it also decreases the easiness of the piloting task as soon as the system level of degradation increases. Thus, the main goal of RECONFIGURE is to research and develop aircraft FDD and FTC technologies that facilitate the automated handling of off-nominal/abnormal events and optimize the aircraft status and flight. The article details the project description of work, from industrial benchmark (fault scenarios and aircraft model) up to industrial verification and validation (V&V) activities, via advanced FDD/FTC research and development. The expected results and perspectives are also presented.


Birth control policy has been operated in China for nearly 30 years,which leads to a significant decrease in China's population growth rate.Therefore,China is faced with the trap of low birth rate.The assumption of ' population theory' is no longer valid and China needs to adjust birth control policy at once,either loosening or even abandoning it.Loosening birth control policy is helpful in dealing with not only current economic crisis but also future labor shortage.


The feasibility of ceramic fiber orientation under a high magnetic field is explored. The study is carried out for short fibers exhibiting a very low diamagnetic susceptibility. Equations to calculate the torque applied to the fibers and the time required for their orientation in a viscous fluid are presented. A video controlled rotating cell device permits, in magnetic fields up to 7 teslas, to measure the experimental orientation times and to compare them with the calculated ones.


Mosses have been widely used as biomonitors of a variety of atmospheric pollutants, including radionuclides. Here we determine the radionuclide activity concentration of 210Pb, 137Cs, 7Be, and 40K in moss tissue (Hylocomium splendens) collected from 24 sites across Ireland and assess the influence of precipitation on radionuclide spatial distribution. Lead-210 was the most abundant radionuclide (range: 226–968 Bq kg–1), followed by 7Be (range: <DL—604 Bq kg–1), 40K (range: <DL—155 Bq kg–1), and 137Cs (range: <DL—41 Bq kg–1). Albeit nearly thirty years since the Chernobyl disaster, 137Cs activity concentration was detected at 67% of the study sites; however, the spatial distribution was not fully consistent with the 1986 Chernobyl deposition pattern. Rather, 137Cs was weakly correlated with rainfall, with higher concentrations along the west coast, suggesting that the 2011 Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident was also a potential source. Average annual rainfall was a significant predictor of 210Pb activity (linear regression, R2 = 0.63, p < 0.001). As such, the highest radionuclide activity was observed for 210Pb (average: 541 Bq kg–1), owing to the high levels of precipitation across the study sites (average: 1585 mm). In contrast, 7Be or 40K were not correlated with precipitation; rather, 40K and 7Be were significantly correlated to each other (rs = 0.7), suggesting that both radionuclides were transferred from the substrate or through soil re-suspension. Precipitation is widely reported as an important factor in the spatial distribution of radionuclides; however, only 210Pb activity concentrations in moss were strongly influenced by precipitation in the current study.


In recent years, anthropologists have grown increasingly concerned with the local impacts of global health policies as national governments restructure public health sectors throughout the developing world. Neoliberal development agendas that guide health reforms have privileged privatization and decentralized forms of management, shifting responsibility for health resource management from the state to municipal governments and local communities. The Healthy Municipalities program is one element of recent health reform efforts in Latin America. Advocated by the Pan American Health Organization to facilitate greater intersectoral collaboration and community participation, Healthy Municipalities seeks to assemble local participatory health management structures to help fill in the gaps left by a retracting state. Considering the case of Healthy Municipalities in Morelos, Mexico, this paper examines the micropolitics that guide the program's implementation and the extent to which it succeeds or fails to motivate participation in community health. The paper draws attention to a myriad of factors that limit the program's efficacy as it privileges a political agenda over local needs, despite the rhetoric of empowerment that places citizens at the center of health reforms.


the study uses questionnaires of ego identity and alienation to investigate 114 college students of YanTai. The items measuring alienation were analyzed into five factors. They were interpersonal alienation, sense of meaninglessness, sense of powerlessness, sense of self-dissociation and sense of culture-dissociation. The results showed: 1)The ego identity and alienation of female college students was not different apparently from that of male college students; 2)College students in this study had stronger sense of powerlessness, meaninglessness and self-dissociation than college students in another study; 3) Ego identity had an apparently negative correlation with alienation and its five factors.The findings of T-test showed: the persons with strong sense of ego identity differ apparently from those with weak sense of ego identity in alienation and its five factors.


Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) grafted by Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) can well disperse in organic solutions like toluene,which were synthesized via a microemulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of acid-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (c-MWNTs). The polyamide thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes with embedded PMMA-MWNTs were prepared using piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) porous substrate via interfacial polymerization for selective permeability. PMMA-MWNTs' structure was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), Raman spectrophotmetry (RAM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). Orthogonal experiment was used to study the effect of PIP concentration, TMC concentration and concentration of PMMA-MWNTs in organic phase. The results showed that the membrane performances is good, Na2SO4 rejection is above 98% and water flux is up to 150% improvement over the TFC membrane as PIP in aqueous phase was 2g/L, TMC and PMMA-MWNTs in organic phase were 4g/L and 0.67g/L, respectively . Demonstrated PMMA-MWNTs in the nanofiltration membrane can improve selective permeability.


The author presents results of a survey showing that Greeks drink significantly more than their non-Greek peers, and that their perceptions of risks associated with alcohol-related behaviors are significantly lower.


Corrosion mitigation and corrosion control monitoring have been a top concern for reinforced concrete structures. Cathodic protection is known as one of the simple but effective methods in anti-corrosion. This study introduces a detachable galvanic anode system with a characteristic of easy installation and replacement at a low cost. The effectiveness of this model at the early stages was confirmed in the previous researches. In this study, the effectiveness of long-term prospects was assessed through the data recorded continuously for nearly 600 days. In addition, a model allowing automatically monitor the health of the bridge using vibration energy harvester base on magnetostrictive materials was also mentioned with the preliminary experimental results, confirming its feasibility in mass production and wide application into existing structures. 


Satellite remote sensing offers an effective approach to estimate indicators of air quality on a large scale. It is critically significant for air quality monitoring in areas experiencing rapid urbanization and consequently severe air pollution, like the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China. This paper starts with examining ground observations of particulate matter (PM) and the relationship between PM10 (particles smaller than 10 μm) and aerosol optical thickness (AOT) by analyzing observations on the sampling sites in the PRD. A linear regression (R2 = 0.51) is carried out using MODIS-derived 500 m-resolution AOT and PM10 concentration from monitoring stations. Data of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height and relative humidity are used to make vertical and humidity corrections on AOT. Results after correction show higher correlations (R2 = 0.55) between extinction coefficient and PM10. However, coarse spatial resolution of meteorological data affects the smoothness of retrieved maps, which suggests high-resolution and accurate meteorological data are critical to increase retrieval accuracy of PM. Finally, the model provides the spatial distribution maps of instantaneous and yearly average PM10 over the PRD. It is proved that observed PM10 is more relevant to yearly mean AOT than instantaneous values.


This paper analyzes the characteristics of the intelligent development of building fire monitoring system, combined with the advantages of intelligent development of building fire monitoring system. Through the research of intelligent monitoring equipment, intelligent monitoring process, intelligent fire detection, intelligent fire alarm, the development strategy aims to raise people's awareness of intelligent monitoring systems and improve the safety level of residents' lives.


Pick up a transportation plan for a major metropolitan area in the US and chances are you are likely to find improved mobility and accessibility highlighted as goals. For example, the 2020 Regional Transportation Plan for the Austin region stated that, "The primary goal of the CAMPO 2020 Plan is to provide an acceptable level of mobility and accessibility for the region's residents with the least detrimental effects." The 2020 Regional Transportation Plan for the Chicago region aimed to "provide an integrated and coordinated transportation system that maximizes accessibility and includes a variety of mobility options that serve the needs of residents and businesses in the region." Such statements are likely influenced by the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century, which is commonly know as TEA-21 that established seven planning factors for consideration in the transportation planning process, including "increasing the accessibility and mobility options available to people and freight." What exactly these plans mean by mobility and accessibility is not clear, nor whether the agencies that are writing these plans themselves have a clear sense of what they mean in using these terms. If so, they may have missed an important opportunity to clarify their objectives and direct their planning efforts more effectively. The position of this paper is that mobility and accessibility are distinct concepts with vastly different implications for planning. First, the paper looks at these concepts in theory, articulating a distinction between mobility and accessibility and the outlines the possible implications of planning for mobility versus planning for accessibility. Second, the paper looks at the current use of these concepts in practice, by examining a sample of regional transport plans. This exploration yields a mixed picture: although these plans continue to reflect a traditional concern with mobility, they also show many indications of a concern with planning for accessibility, even if they don't label their efforts as such.


We performed continuous observations of single-event upset (SEU) cross sections for the energy range of 10 meV–1 MeV at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). As a result, we were able to clearly observe the effect on the cross Section of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{10}\text{B}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha)^{7}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Li reaction below 0.1 MeV.


The resistivity and Hall coefficient of n‐type silicon containing oxygen have been measured as a function of temperature before and after a number of successive irradiations in a Co60 gamma‐ray source. A net acceptor level 0.17 ev below the conduction band was observed to result from the irradiation. Its rate of introduction was 7×10−4 traps/cm3 per photon/cm2 in 50‐ ohm‐cm material and was about twice that in more heavily doped material (∼2 ohm‐cm). Acceptor levels, lying deep within the forbidden gap, were also observed. Their total introduction rate was smaller than that of the 0.17‐ev level by a factor of 50. A lowering of the mobility below ∼100°K was also a result of the irradiations. In heavily irradiated samples this lowering of the mobility was much greater than could be explained on the basis of point‐charge scattering.


The goal of this paper is to explain the chemical engineering backgrounds for operations participating on catalyst production in the automotive industry. It is shown that chemical engineering knowledge can help to a better understanding and optimisation of the production process. Besides the contribution mentioned above this paper brings the description of the up to date and interesting technology developed and patented by the worldwide leader in the chemical engineering BASF. The car catalyst production process consists of two steps. Firstly, the coating slurry is produced and secondly, it is applied to the substrate. This paper focuses on the slurry production especially with regard to its dispersion, mixing, particle size reduction, and the influence of parameters affecting this process.


This paper reviews damage induced by pulsed excimer lasers. Most previous damage studies have addressed the "time-zero" performance limits of optical materials, i.e., virgin samples exposed to one or a small number of laser pulses. In this "single-shot" damage regime, coatings are almost always the weakest link in the optical system. Considerable progress has been made in identifying optimum coating materials and material combinations for particular wavelengths, and in exploring effects of undercoats and overcoats, non-quarter-wave designs, laser pre-conditioning, and alternate polishing and deposition methods on the measured damage threshold. However, adequate single-shot damage resistance is a necessary but not sufficient condition for many practical applications.<<ETX>>


Objective To investigate the role of peer education in community health education on hyperlipidemia. Methods Comprehensive health education on hyperlipidemia,including lecture,recording of daily life events,expert counseling,health education materials,poster,etc. was conducted for 6 months among 240 persons,in 4 communities of Xicheng District,Beijing. Four to five persons in these communities were selected from the 240 persons on a voluntary basis to be receive one-month training so as to become peer educators. Then they were asked to perform peer education,in the forms of lecture,discussion,practical operation,games,etc,for 40 persons (group 2). The other 200 persons receiving comprehensive health education without peer education were categorized as group 1. A questionnaire survey on the KAP about hyperlipidemia was conducted before and after the health education and the outcomes between these 2 groups were compared. Results The KAP scores of group 1 and group 2 before health education were 43.54±5.06 and 40.21±5.68 respectively,without significant different and the increase of KAP scores of group 1 after health education were 2.65,significantly lower than that of the group 2 (5.05,P0.05).Con- clusion Peer education is more effective in health education,for example,on hyperlipidemia.


In general,innovative methods include scientific thinking,scientific method and scientific tools.Currently TRIZ innovative research and practice is carried out ardently by Sichuan and other representative provinces.Effective and innovative platform construction plays an important role in the the acceleration of the process and the localization,while the various stakeholders of the innovative platform will express their targets in their own ways.If less developed regions want to achieve leapfrog development and binary catch-up,under the background of inadequate resource elements and inferior strategic position,it is very important for them to integrate innovative resources and regional innovation systems through innovative platform.This article concludes the experience and innovative platform construction in Sichuan to provide reference for Jiangxi,the representative of less developed regions.


Kondratyeva V.V. Keywords : Anton Chekhov's works, images of village, steppe, mythopoetic category, short stories and novels. In the article the image of province in Anton Chekhov's works is analyzed as a historical and cultural phenomenon. In the structure of the central spatial images of village, steppe, steppe-house the details, associated with the motives of boredom, melancholy and anxiety, are aggravating. The signs of chaos are the essential characteristics of existence in the province. The space of the province is endowed with the features of an alien world. Mythopoetic category of a 'stranger' gets a philosophical tone in the stories, the events of which take place in the steppe. In the area of the vast, colorful world of the steppe take place and develop life stories, full of drama and ordinary everyday life.


Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, altered carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. In recent studies, Nanoscience and nanotechnology are blazing fields for researchers; for researchers; of late there has been a prodigious excitement in the field of nanopharmacology to study silver nanoparticle (SNP) synthesis using natural products. Biological methods have been used to synthesize SNPs using medicinally active plants having an antidiabetic role, and this made us to assess the biologically synthesized SNPs from the seed extract of Psoralea corylifolia using 1 mM silver nitrate solution. The synthesized herbal&-mediated SNPs (HMSNPs) were subjected to various characterization techniques such as X&-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy dispersive X&-ray (EDX) analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and differential light scattering (DLS), respectively. In the current study the HMSNPs were tested to observe the in vitro antidiabetic activity and possible toxic effects in healthy female albino mice by following OECD guidelines&-425. Huge data from biochemical, cellular, mouse, and chemical inhibitor studies have recognized protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as a major negative regulator of insulin signaling. In addition, corroboration suggests that insulin action can be enhanced by the inhibition of PTP1B. Keeping in view of the above fact, the PTP1B assay was done to determine the PTP1 B inhibitory effect of HMSNPs. It can be concluded that medicinal plants can be a good source for the synthe sis of HMSNPs. This study can be used for the development of valuable nanomedicines to treat various ailments, and it also highlights the safety and biocompatibility of SNPs within a biological cell; in vivo parameters need to be considered for further discoveries. Abbreviations used: HMSNPs: Herbal mediated silver nanoparticles, XRD: X&-ray diffraction, EDX: Energy dispersive X&-ray analysis, TEM: Transmission electron microscope, PTP1B: Protein tyrosine phosphotase 1B, OECD: Organization for economic cooperation and development


This VSC-HVDC (Voltage Sourced Converter) has been widely applied all over the world owing to its unique advantages. Converter valve is the key equipment of VSCs, its losses are significant to the economically operation of VSC stations. Analysis and accurate measurement of the losses can make great contribution to efficiency optimization, devices selection and thermal design, etc. The paper investigated the losses measurement technology of power electronics equipment and surveyed the academic research at home and abroad of the double pulse method, electric method and thermal method for losses measurement. It came up with three test schemes for measuring losses of VSC sub-modules respectively, the schemes include measuring method, test circuit design, equipment selection, software platform and its control method, test procedure, uncertainty and loss estimation method. In the physical test platform, tests based on three schemes are carried out, the uncertainty of tests results is analyzed. This paper provides reference for measuring losses of VSC sub-modules in practical projects.


The Austrian economy continued to expand at a strong pace in the third quarter, with real GDP advancing at an annual rate of 3.4 percent. Manufacturing and exports, benefiting from continued strong expansion of the world economy and the high price competitiveness of Austrian companies, remained the main engines of growth. Investment has also gathered strength this year; building investment growth contracted somewhat lately, whereas business spending on machinery and equipment gained momentum. Private consumption expanded by only 1.9 percent in real terms year-on-year in the third quarter, mainly a result of weak nominal income growth. The upward drift in prices also exerted a dampening effect lately, though. Inflation reached 2.8 percent in October. Employment growth and the decline in unemployment reflect the favourable economic situation, but job vacancies are hardly rising any longer.


In general,knowledge management system often has the problems that the trigger condition of knowledge is too sparse and initial modeling always costs a lot of manpower.In order to improve the efficiency of active knowledge service and solve the problems,the authors suggest a new technique of scenario integrating,which unites knowledge requirement and some scenario.Firstly the detail concepts of scenario-dimension,scenario-space and scenario-tree and scenario-model are explained,then the authors propose the procedure and algorithm of ontology knowledge source's extracting and scenario's initial modeling.At last the application to a certain aeronautic institute shows the method can solve the problem and improve the efficiency of knowledge pushing.


Clinical studies form the rational basis for therapeutic interventions. The 1987 report expressed difficulty comparing OM clinical studies because of different entry criteria, definitions, and follow-up intervals. Investigators were advised to carefully plan clinical protocols with attention to specific design and analysis elements. In addition, the 1987 report identified 18 treatment goals, toward which there has been appreciable progress; but many questions remain unanswered.


The No.83H.F1:W14 /0014 fragment,discovered in Khara-Khoto,is classified as medicinal and arithmetical documents and is denominated as Medical Prescription by Documents of Khara-Khoto collected in China.This opinion is wrong.In the fact,it should be denominated as a fragment of a copy of Daxue Zhangju.


The paper presented a review of existing classifications of actants (forming the valence structure of the verb) being offered by various researchers, and examined the non-prototypical actants, identified by the authors, as a result of studying the functioning of English verbs with the incorporated actants.


A University of California author or department has made this article openly available. Thanks to the Academic Senate's Open Access Policy, a great many UC-authored scholarly publications will now be freely available on this site. Let us know how this access is important for you. We want to hear your story! Abstract Functional linear models are important tools for studying the relationship between functional response and covariates. However, if subjects come from an inhomogeneous population that demonstrates different linear relationship between the response and covariates among different subpopulations/clusters, a single functional linear model is no longer adequate for the data. A new class of mixtures of functional linear models for the analysis of heterogeneous functional data is introduced. Identifiability is established for the proposed class of mixture models under mild conditions. The proposed estimation procedures combine the ideas of local kernel regression, functional principal component analysis and EM algorithm. A generalized likelihood ratio test based on a conditional bootstrap is given as to whether the regression coefficient functions are constant. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to examine the finite sample performance of the new methodology. Finally, the analysis of CO 2-GDP data reveals the dynamic patterns of relationship between CO 2 and GDP among different countries.


In a hot and dry climate, the design and construction of buildings involve the adoption of combination between shape of building envelope and construction materials. The objective of this work is to study the thermal behavior of a multilayer wall submitted to varying climatic conditions. We have proposed four configurations of an element of an outer wall. A numerical simulation was used to understand the phenomenon of thermal inertia, especially its influence on the resulting temperatures. The study is based on the modeling of heat transfer in a 2D unsteady-state using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The comparison of numerical results was affected with an available experimental data and shows a satisfactory agreement. In addition, this work highlights the importance of the study of the thermal inertia of the wall in order to ensure a comfortable indoor climate of building located in hot and dry climate.


A water-conducting domestic appliance (1), in particular a dishwasher, which in the operating liquid (FW; S) comprising leading wet areas, in particular a processing chamber (2) for the purification of rinsing or washing materials, wherein at least a peripheral part (S) of the liquid (FW S) can be heated and for this purpose one (with a heater 11) provided with circulating pump (6) is assigned a control means (16) for a motor (13) of the circulating pump (6), wherein the motor (13) by a safety device (15) is monitored, is formed so that the safety device (15) of the motor (13) and the control electronics (16) of the motor (13) and the control and safety means of heating (11) with the heat pump (6) to a licensed unit are summarized.


A sprayed carbon nanotube (CNT)-modified working electrode was successfully integrated into an electrochemical three-electrode system based on a glass substrate. The integrated biosensing system was fabricated through a series of photolithographic patterning and plasma etching processes. A CNT-dispersed solution was sprayed on the three-electrode system, and the CNT-modified surface was treated with O2 plasma to pattern, clean, and activate the CNT layer. The optimized plasma treatment conditions were verified in terms of plasma power and treatment time by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).


This paper reports a study focusing on the transition of women who changed their sexual orientation during the mid-life period. It is my premise that these midlife women, by changing their sexual identity to lesbian, also changed cultural systems from heterosexual to lesbian. One finding of the study is the development of an expanding consciousness of and about women by the women who later made a sexual preference transition.


selectively providing an etch stop layer on the bevel at least one additional wet chemical etching process may be performed on the bevel prior to or during the manufacture of a metallization layer, without affecting the substrate material. Thus, the dielectric material and in particular dielectric material having a small e can be reliably removed from the chamfer before the production of a barrier and the metal layer. The etch stop layer may be formed in an early manufacturing stage, so that an etching process can be performed on the bevel during any desired phase in the production of circuit elements.


The 1:1 and 2:3 molar reactions of La(III), Pr(III) and Nd(III) isopropoxides with the bifunctional tetradentate Schiff base, ethylenediamine bis-2,4-pentanedione [AA2(CH2)2H2] have been investigated in the medium of dry benzene. Ln(O-i-C3H7) [AA2(CH2)2] and Ln2[AA2(CH2)2]3 [where, Ln = La(III), Pr(III) or Nd(III) and AA2(CH2)2- 2 anion of the corresponding Schiff base, AA2(CH2)2H2] type of compounds have been obtained in almost quantitative yields and in a state of sufficient purity. The 1:1 derivatives have been shown to undergo exchange reactions with an excess of tert-butyl alcohol leading to the formation of Ln(O-tert-C4H9) [AA2(CH2)2] [where, Ln = La(III), Pr(III) or Nd(III)] type of derivatives. The ebullioscopic determination of molecular weights shows that the 1:1 derivatives are dimeric, whereas 2:3 derivatives are monomeric in boiling benzene. On the basis of elemental analysis, exchange reactions, molecular weight determinations and IR spectra, plausible structures for the resulting 1:1 and 2:3 complexes have been indicated.


A new multidimensional transient analysis code, LOFTRAN-5, is being developed at Westinghouse, incorporating the recently developed fast nodal code SPNOVA (ref. 2) for core kinetics calculations. The speed and accuracy of SPNOVA will allow LOFTRAN-5 to be used routinely to perform three-dimensional transient analysis. Among the many novel features of SPNOVA, there is the capability of variable dimensional core modeling. SPNOVA can easily collapse a three-dimensional core model to consistent lower dimensional models at any given core condition and perform consistent lower dimensional core analyses from there on. The key element of the SPNOVA dimensional collapse is the direct dimensional reduction of its Greens function matrix, which is the only quantity manifesting the dimensional structure of the SPNOVA nodel equation. An interesting potential application of this variable dimensional capability of SPNOVA is the possible simulation of a three-dimensional transient via a one-dimensional model. This paper reports a study on such an application. The case studied is a dropped rod recovery transient.


Traffic delay is an important measure to evaluate road operation efficiency and service level, which can reflect the rationality of road design and intersection signal control scheme design. Therefore, delay analysis is of great significance to the evaluation of road service level and intersection signal control scheme design. In this paper, the point sample method and VISSIM simulation software are used to study the traffic delay of Yingbin Road and Century Road intersection in Jiaozuo City, and the traffic condition of the intersection is evaluated according to the calculation results. In this paper, the point sample method and VISSIM simulation software are used to study the traffic delay of Yingbin Road and Century Road intersection in Jiaozuo City, and the traffic condition of the intersection is evaluated according to the calculation results.


The present invention relates to a method of presence or absence of a detection signal spectrally spread in a frequency band of interest from a received signal, wherein: - the autocorrelation function is calculated from said received signal for a assembly (S *) values of non-zero time lag (m); - determining at least one cyclic correlation coefficient of the autocorrelation function for said time offset values, - estimating the energy of the function of autocorrelation from the quadratic sum of the values taken by said cyclic correlation coefficient for said time shift values, - comparing the energy thus estimated with a predetermined threshold value and the presence is deduced from the comparison result or the absence of said spread spectrum signal in the received signal.


PURPOSE: To obtain a method for automatically and continuously detecting and specifying the pinhole and the position of a billet made of continuously cast steel or aluminum. CONSTITUTION: A symmetrical light source 3 having a plurality of single light sources arranged in a circular shape or by another method so that the light arrives substantially symmetrically at the surface of a continuously cast metal billet 2 to be inspected is passed over the billet, the billet 2 is illuminated on the surface opposed to the source 3 except a pinhole, and the light reflected from the surface of the billet 2 is detected by a linear scanning camera 4 disposed at the center to the source 3. The camera 4 is scanned perpendicularly to the moving direction of the billet 2, and the pinhole is detected via the reflected light intensity of the preset threshold value or less by the camera 4. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


In contemporary Chinese the character "Yi" is frequently used as preposition or conjunction.When used as preposition ,it is mainly used before a predicate to introduce the manner,means,tool,object as well as the way of verb that indicating an action,and its use in sentence can be classified into three types and six subtypes.When used as conjunction,it is frequently used to draw forth the purpose of action. It can also be used as an element to construct a word or phrase in word formation.


This chapter presents the structures of the field-specific and cognate courses designed to help the doctoral candidates develop specific expertise within the focus of the program. This is again illustrated with the same three programs. Similarities and differences in the structure and intent of this specialized coursework within each of these programs are explored.


Deformable 2D-3D medical image registration is an essential technique in computer integrated surgery (CIS) to fuse 3D pre-operative data with 2D intra-operative data. Several factors may affect the accuracy of 2D-3D registration, including the number of 2D views, the angle between views, the view angle relative to anatomical objects, the co-registration error between views, the image noise, and the image distortion. In this paper, we investigate and assess the relationship between these factors and the accuracy of 2D-3D registration. We proposed a deformable 2D-3D registration method based on a statistical model. We conducted experiments using a hemi-pelvis model and simulated X-ray images. Some discussions are provided on how to improve the accuracy of 2D-3D registration based on our assessment.