A full comprehension of the fuzzy boundary between the classical and the quantum world is still lacking. A deeper understanding of the problem can be obtained form the study of the so-called "Schrodinger cat states", i.e. the paradoxical states arising when the superposition principle of quantum mechanics is extended to the macroscopic world. Quantum optics is, up to now, the most studied field for the experimental realization of these states. A survey of all the proposals made for generating and detecting linear superpositions of classically distinguishable states in quantum optical systems is presented. Then, one of the most recent proposals [P. Tombesi and D. Vitali, Phys. Rev. Lett.77, 411 (1996)] is presented in detail and its experimental feasibility discussed.


The novels of Storm Jameson and their depictions of Britain's relationship to Europe around the Second World War represent a crucial departure from the work of her contemporaries. As the first female President of English PEN, Jameson led her country's wartime literary community through turbulent times in history by focusing on European – rather than pointedly British – experiences of war. War, Nation and Europe in the Novels of Storm Jameson is a timely critique situated within the historical and theoretical contexts so fundamental to understanding her work. Presenting previously unpublished archival material that documents her work as an ambassador for British writers during a time of national upheaval, Katherine Cooper reveals how the novelist's pacifism and evolving attitudes to war and peace were underpinned by her overarching vision for the post-war world. Drawing comparisons to the works of Virginia Woolf, Arthur Koestler, Graham Greene and others, this study shows how Jameson's novels gesture towards prevalent internationalist perspectives and reshapes how we view the literary history of the period.


Among the different deep learning-based methods proposed for SAR image despeckling, the main issue seems to construct reliable training data sets. In the statistical-based solution MONet, which assumes square root Gamma distributed speckle in the simulation, the authors showed that despeckling results on actual SAR images are stringently related to the considered training dataset and its statistical distributions. This paper develops realistic simulated data sets for feeding the MONet architecture, including backscattering mechanisms arising in different existing SAR scenarios. We consider a generalized Gaussian coherent scatterer model for SAR correlated clutter simulation for this aim. The use of such simulation has a twofold effect within the considered framework: from one side, it allows generating several noisy patches, used as input data; on the other, it allows including different speckle distributions for different actual SAR scenarios. Results on SAR images show the effectiveness of such simulation.


The present experimental study and job, still in progress, were conceived not only for an evaluation of the effectiveness of laser cleaning technique but also for comparing two different laser pulse duration of a Nd:YAG laser: Short Free Running (SFR) with a pulse duration of td=20μs and Long Q-Switched (LQS) with a pulse duration of td=70ns. The samples were carried out by the facades of teh Cathedral of Troia and of the Church of Molfetta, both in the South of Italy. All laser cleaning experiments were carried out in "wet condition" by using some distilled water on the encrustation before the irradiation. Surface analytical techniques, such as Optical Microscopy (OM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Xpray Dispersive analysis (EDX)were used to detect crust chemical composition and morphology, as well as, to monitor the effects induced by the laser treatments. On the basis of these structural and analytical examinations, both the lasers have shown to be appropriate for achieving a sufficient removal of the selected layers without modifying the surface morphology and keeping the preservation of the "patina/treatment" layer.


This study is devoted to a half-wave dipole with a conductor plane at a distance much smaller than a quarter wavelength which we designate as an ultra low profile dipole (ULPD) antenna in this paper. The concerns of ULPD antenna are the feeding method and the impedance matching, because the input impedance usually tends to be lowered by the existence of a metallic structure in its proximity. In this paper, we propose a ULPD antenna with an excellent impedance matching and a coaxial feed built within the antenna structure so that the external matching and a balun are not required. A coaxial cable is used as a feed line and extended to be a half of a half wavelength dipole. The other half is made up of a parasitic element, which is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial radiator. To make a matching, the outer conductor of the coaxial radiator is stripped off at a suitable length, and the total length of a dipole is considered for its resonance at a desired frequency of 2 GHz. The experiment has been conducted. The results show the return loss of -27 dB and the maximum gain of 9 dBi in the normal direction to the conductor plane. The computational results are also obtained, which agree well with the experimental results.


In order to select useful features, recent graph mining techniques applies repeated mining of frequent subgraphs either by varying minimum supports or by dividing a graph database recursively. Frequent subgraph mining(FSM) is an important task for exploratory data analysis on graph data. Over the years, many algorithms have been proposed to solve this task. MapReduce is a programming paradigm for distributed computing on the Hadoop framework which allows to host big data handling applications. MapReduce is becoming the de-facto paradigm for computation on massive data, an efficient FSM algorithm on this paradigm is of huge demand. In this work, we propose a new frequent subgraph mining algorithm which uses an iterative MapReduce based framework. MapReduce-based frequent subgraph mining(FSM) technique through experiments seem to suggest that more frequent patterns efficiently than traditional methods can find them.


Abstract We prove that the presence of viscosity does not affect stability to axisymmetric convective modes of a thin differentially rotating disc with no thermal conduction but in which viscosity is taken fully into account. In such a case the Schwarzschild criterion is necessary and sufficient for convective stability to local perturbations. In the proof we use a general formulation of local stability analysis, which allows a rigorous demonstration. Restricted particular forms of the viscous stress tensor introduced in the modelling of thin accretion discs may lead to viscous overstabilities. The additional instability found by Elstner et al. (1989) and described by the authors as a correction to the Schwarzschild criterion is a manifestation of these. However, when viscosity is taken fully into account, such instabilities cannot be discussed within the framework of a local analysis, a fully global treatment being required.


A method of controlling a process for the production of multi-component sheet material having a desired pre-determined parameters, the method comprising the steps of applying an acoustic or electromagnetic signals so as to interact with the sheet material, whereby the interaction changes the signal to be the application, a step, a step of detecting the modified signal, related data derived from said modified signal or to said predetermined parameters comparing the data, a step of changing at least one step of said process, whereby said data relating to said modified signal, toward the data relating to the pre determined parameters It is changed Te, and a step method.


The invention discloses a system integrated sugarcane simplified cultivation method. When ditching is performed for newly cultivated sugarcane, a deep ditch 30-40 cm in depth is dug, sugarcane seedlings are placed in the ditch, special sugarcane sustained release fertilizer as a base fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the sugarcane ditch at a time, 80 kg of sustained release fertilizer with an effective content of 40-54% is used in one mu, and soil with 10-15 cm in thickness covers the fertilizer. The system integrated sugarcane simplified cultivation method solves the problems existing in the overall period of the cultivation and growth of the sugarcane, including many times of fertilizer and pesticide use as well as much labor consumption. A whole weeding plastic membrane is covered so as to retain the water, temperature and fertilizer and prompts the early development and quick growth of the sugarcane; the growth of weeds is restrained while the growth of the sugarcane is not affected, and better growth conditions of light, heat and fertilizer are provided for the sugarcane.


Breast self examination (BSE) is the one of preventive way for early detection of breast cancer which can be happen for all woman. On 2007 there are 26 cases of 100.000 women in Indonesia. Low education and lack of awareness about health and sickness induce breast cancer more difficult to detect early. Therefore health education about breast self examination (BSE) is important to be given. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of giving health education (training) of BSE on the level of knowledge and practice of BSE by young women in SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya.
The research design in this study were pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design by the number samples taken 35 people with simple random sampling technique sampling. The variable studied were the dependent
variable is the level of knowledge and practice of BSE and the independent variable is the provision of health education (training) BSE. The data obtained were tested using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test analysis test and using SPSS 17.00 with significance level α = 0,05. Before the BSE training, knowledge level of respondents is largely categorized less number of 22 respondents (61.11%) and BSE practice skills conducted by there respondents was almost entirely less categorized is number of 35 respondents (97.22%). After training, the level of knowledge and practice of BSE is increased. The level of knowledge about BSE almost entirely categorized well, that is 34 respondents (94.44%), while the practice of BSE nearly half of respondents categorized well, that is 16 respondents or 44.44%. Based on the analysis with the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test there are different levels of knowledge and practice of BSE between before and after training is shown from the result of significance value of 0.00 ( p < 0.05 ).
It can be concluded that there are significant differences in the level of knowledge and practice of breast self examination is performed by the respondents between
before and after the training. Its because of the effect of giving health education form of BSE is held two training sessions. Repetition or review conducted during
the training helps the process of storage of information into long term memory that is expected to occur a change of behavior, arising out awareness of the importance of BSE as an early detection of breast cancer based on knowledge
which by theory or practice of breast self exam skills and behaviors can be lasting.


BACKGROUND:
Light's criteria is the routinely used criteria to differentiate exudative and transudative pleural effusion. It requires four biochemical parameters for estimation which may not be feasible in developing countries like India, due to economic constraints.
AIM OF THE STUDY:
To evaluate usefulness of pleural fluid cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in differentiating exudates and transudate and comparing it with light's criteria.
Study design:
Cross Sectional study.
Setting:
Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai.
Study population:
Patients admitted in medical wards and diagnosed to have pleural effusion clinically and radiologically.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 50 patients were studied from January 2015 to august 2015.The data obtained from patients were collected, analysed and observations noted down.
Statistical analysis: Sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value, Negative predictive value of pleural fluid cholesterol and LDH test is compared and analysed with Light's criteria using SPSS 20 software.
RESULTS:
In this study 40 patients are exudates and 10 are transudates. Using a cut off value of over 45mg/dl for cholesterol and over 200IU/L for LDH to differentiate exudates from transudate, pleural fluid cholesterol and LDH test showed 95% sensitivity and 80% specificity, with significant measure of agreement with Light's criteria.
CONCLUSION:
The measurement of pleural fluid cholesterol and LDH is as useful as Light's criteria to differentiate exudates and transudate, with advantage of requiring only two laboratory parameters and no simultaneous blood sample especially in India, where economic and technical constraints are immense.


Older
drivers and younger drivers are affected differently both in summer and winter.
Different factors affect each level of severity differently; some factors affect a particular level of injury severity
differently from when the same factor is analyzed for another injury severity.
The goal of this study is to identify the factors
that contribute to injury severity among older drivers (65+) and young drivers
(16 - 25) considering two seasons namely, summer and
winter at intersections. Binary ordered probit models were used to develop four
models to identify the contributing factors, two models for each season, namely
winter and summer. A statistical t-test has been done to identify the
statistically significant variables @ 90%
confidence interval. Based on the developed models, in summer, three
contributing factors, driving too fast condition, rear-end crashes, and
followed too close are associated with younger drivers injury severity, while
two contributing factors, rear-end crashes and followed too close are
associated with older drivers injury severity. In winter, five factors, made an improper turn, E Failed to Yield
Right-of-Way from Traffic Signal, rear end
(front to rear), gender like male and lighting condition like dark and dusk light condition, are associated with younger drivers injury
severity, while three factors such as made improper turn, rear-end crashes, and
followed too close are associated with older drivers injury severity.
Contributing factors in summer are the same for both younger and older drivers,
but different in winter for both younger and older drivers. This indicates that
older drivers and younger drivers are affected differently both in summer and
winter.


According to cellar rainwater characteristics, the rainwater contains turbidity, lower temperature and micropolluted in northwest region villages and small towns. The result is not fine by adopting the conventional coagulation. The effect of three ways regarding enhanced coagulation was studied. The three methods were permanganate pre-oxidation alone, powder activated carbon (PAC) added alone and KMnO4 and PAC combination. Static experiments of three methods were carried out. The results showed: KMnO4 and PAC combination had the best effect of enhanced coagulation. Under the best conditions in conventional coagulation, when the optimal dosage of KMnO4 was 2mg·L-1, pre-oxidation time was 15min, while the optimal dosage of PAC was 10mg·L-1 and was added after 3min of coagulant dosing, the removal rate of cistern water turbidity and CODMn could be 98.5% and 56.6% after enhancing coagulation. The experiment also proved that there were synergies between them. This approach was more efficient to treat with cistern water of northwest region villages and small towns.


DOI: 10.7764/RDLC.17.1.123 Based on Life Cycle Assessment techniques, this research compares the environmental impact of 11 variants for the construction of roofs in residential buildings. Among others, the energy used, the carbon footprint and the waste associated to placement  and packaging are found, leading to 9 sustainability indicators, which include socio-economic aspects such as the decennial maintenance cost, the maintainability ratio or the quantity of labour necessary. Each of the roofs was characterised based on 20 typologies of constituent layers, categorised under 6 construction functional groups, according to the function held in the roofs. Based on this study, it is demonstrated that the most sustainable roofs are non-trafficable flat roof with gravel finishing (with either a PVC or bituminous layer), followed by pitched roofs (with ceramic and cement mortar tiles) and green roofs with PVC layer. It was noted that trafficable flat roofs generate greater emissions of carbon dioxide and use more energy in their construction, and that flat roofs with gravel finishing require a lower cost of decennial maintenance. Furthermore, pitched roofs generate a higher amount of construction and packaging waste than flat roofs and require more labour, especially in the case of pitched roofs with tiles.


The street artist Ernest Pignon-Ernest, between 1988 and 1990, stuck some serigraphs inspired by Caravaggio's paintings to the walls of corners and streets in Naples. These interventions, epiphanic visual narratives, are presented here as forms of street art of a highly theatrical nature. The spatio-temporal dimension they give life will be read as a scene, at the same time real and symbolic, capable of revealing what the social order would tend to hide or forget.


Aquifer cleanup efforts at contaminated sites frequently involve operation of a system of extraction wells. It has been found that contaminant load discharged by extraction wells typically declines with time, asymptotically approaching a residual level. Such behavior could be due to rate-limited desorption of an organic contaminant from aquifer solids. An analytical model is presented which accounts for rate-limited desorption of an organic solute during cleanup of a contaminated site. Model equations are presented which describe transport of a sorbing contaminant in a converging radial flow field, with sorption described by (1) equilibrium, (2) first-order rate, and (3) Fickian diffusion expressions. The model equations are solved in the Laplace domain and numerically inverted to simulate contaminant concentrations at an extraction well. A Laplace domain solution for the total contaminant mass remaining in the aquifer is also derived. It is shown that rate-limited sorption can have a significant impact upon aquifer remediation. Approximate equivalence among the various rate-limited models is also demonstrated.


The spatial light modulator means (1A) comprising: a liquid crystal layer (12), corresponding to the magnitude of the applied electric field modulation phase of incident light; a temperature sensor (17), generating a temperature signal corresponding to the liquid crystal layer (12) a temperature signal (Stemp); a plurality of pixel electrodes for each pixel (13a), disposed in a plurality of pixels and a voltage applied to an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer (12); drive means (20A), a voltage to the plurality of pixel electrodes (13a). Drive means (20A) having representing relative to an associated function variation of the phase modulation amount of the liquid crystal layer (12) a reference temperature (T0) of the temperature variation of the liquid crystal layer (12) of the coefficients previously stored comprising ( [alpha]) of the non-volatile memory element (23), using the temperature signal (Stemp) and temperature coefficient ([alpha]) represented calculates a correction voltage magnitude. Thereby, a readily capable of reducing the necessary storage capacity, making possible to improve spatial precision and applied voltage value with respect to the desired phase modulation amount of the spatial light modulation device and a method of optical modulation.


Social dialogue, which forms part of the regulation of labour relations in the public sector, can take a variety of forms ranging from the simple act of publishing informal recommendations, or consultation and sharing information to the most formal and binding negotiated agreements, bargaining or more developed forms of consultation. Although each country has its own cultural, historical, economic, and political, setting, there is a diversity of practices in social dialogue in the public service, and the common model of social dialogue for all countries seems to be freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining. It is, therefore, worth showing how different countries manage to adapt their diverse practices in social dialogue in the public service to the national situation. To this end, this report focuses on five selected African countries, namely Angola, Kenya, Tunisia, South Africa, and Ghana. These countries represent respectively the five main subregions of Africa (Central, Eastern, Northern, Southern and Western Africa) as suggested by the ILO. A thorough analysis of these countries' social dialogue mechanisms in the public service shows that the functioning and sustainability of such mechanisms may be facilitated by permanent structures or institutions, such as national tripartite consultative committees.


Oriental fruit fly is a major threat to fruit in Pakistan; the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera zonata) attacks fruits including guava, persimmon, peach and apple. A study was carried out to evaluate different control methods and their efficacy in district Peshawar NWFP, Pakistan during 2007. IPM was adopted for controlling oriental fruit fly that comprised cultural control, Bait Application Technique (BAT) and Male Annihilation Technique (MAT). Farmers were randomly interviewed through questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that farmers favored MAT as it was found to be economically feasible and environment friendly. Maximum control was found in MAT which was followed by BAT; however the lowest control was noted in cultural control. Present study suggested that farmers should be encouraged to adopt the Integrated Pest Management that involves MAT, which was found the most effective control method. Further studies should be carried out in other regions of province and country to find out economic and effective control methods for this pest.


Three-dimensional unsteady flows between two infinite walls are simulated by using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. An artificial forcing that mimics the centrifugal force in the Taylor problem has been applied to the flow. The sampled behaviors of the resulting flow, including the long time average and the disturbance components, are studied. The computations have been preformed using parallel computer clusters. The results presented are for two different channel heights with various values for the forcing coefficient. The change in the channel height, which also results in changes in the flow Knudsen number and Reynolds number, affects the development of both the mean flows and the disturbances. Spatially coherent mean flow patterns, which are dominated by a hierarchy of harmonic modes, can be identified in the DSMC solutions. Temporally, the evolution of the Fourier amplitudes of the harmonic modes shows that these modes grow in a sequential manner. Disturbances with energy spectra that are significantly higher than the statistical noises are resolved. Their pathline patterns indicate that the disturbance flow fields are three dimensional and spatially coherent. These results suggest that the discrete DSMC approach is capable of capturing unsteady, three-dimensional flow disturbances that evolve around a stationary mean flow.


The non-Newtonian nature of fluid flow represents one of the most important features of the development of high-viscosity oil (HVO) deposits .The deviation from the linear law of the fluid flow is associated, first of all, with the formation of a strong spatial structure due to the presence of high-molecular components and dissolved gases in the composition. The stress required to destroy the formed structure is called the shear stress of the ultimate destruction of the structure. In this regard, in order to ensure the flow of HVO through the pore space, it is necessary to create certain values of pressure gradients above the dynamic shear pressure gradient (DSPG). With increasing pressure gradients above the DSPG, the oil structure begins to collapse, and after overcoming the critical value of the pressure gradient of the ultimate destruction of the structure (PGUDS), flow begins to be described by the Newtonianlaw. The article considers the influence of various factors on the oil flow rate of a horizontal well (HW) that exploits the HVO Deposit. At the same time, numerical experiments were carried out on a hydrodynamic model for the non-Newtonian oil flow regime (in the presence of DSPG) and the results obtained were compared with calculations of the oil flow rate using an analytical formula.


Objective To search the susceptible factors on COPD inpatients with candida albicans and their preventive measures.Methods 76 COPD inpatients with candida albicans in hospital were retrospectively analyzed,compared with 76 COPD inpatients without mycotic infection at the same time.Results Candida albicans was closely related with a longer time in hospital,application of broadspectrum antibiotics and glucocorticoid hormone,many in-vasive manipulations,and development of apenteric nutrition,except with the age of patients and their complications.Conclusion This study suggested that rational application of antibiotics and glucocorticoid hormone,reducing the needless in-vasive manipulations,enhancing the support of enteral nutrition,improving the enteral microecological equilibrium,detecting it closely and curing it at an early date shoud be put into practice.These measures might achieve a preventive and curative effect in COPD patients,and the prognosis of them would be improved definitely.


To study the influence of bedrock strength on stress and deformation of concrete cut-off wall with different constrain types,this paper calculates the stress and deformation of dam and cut-off wall by using 2D and 3D finite element methods based on the cut-off wall in earth-rock dam of Bala Hydropower Project.And the variation rules of the stress and deformation of the cut-off wall along with main influencing factors are revealed.Then the influences of the stress and deformation of the cut-off wall with different wall constrain types and bedrock strength are analyzed.The results show that it is more reasonable for numerical simulation of cut-off wall to set joint elements with thickness between different materials,which can simulate the mud skin better on both sides of the wall;the higher the bedrock strength is,the greater the influences of different joint types on the stress and deformation of the cut-off wall will be;for reflecting the characteristics of the stress and deformation of the cut-off wall more accurate,it is necessary to conduct 3D simulation in the process of numerical simulation on earth dam.


Background and objectivesAKI occurs frequently in older persons. Elevated circulating fibroblast growth factor23 (FGF-23), a known marker of impaired mineral metabolism, may also reflect tubular dysfunction and risk of AKI. This study evaluated FGF-23 as well as traditional markers of kidney disease, namely urine albumin-tocreatinine ratio (UACR) and creatinine-cystatin C estimated GFR (eGFRCrCyC), as risk factors for AKI in elderly individuals.


Summary. We analyzed several prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes looking for the periodicity sequences availability and employing a new mathematical method. The method envisaged using the random position weight matrices and dynamic programming. Insertions and deletions were allowed inside periodicities, thus adding a novelty to the results we obtained. A periodicity length, one of the key periodicity features, varied from 2 to 50 nt. Totally over 60,000 periodicity sequences were found in 15 genomes including some chromosomes of the H. sapiens (partial), C. elegans, D. melanogaster, and A. thaliana genomes.


Microparamys wyomingensis Wood is reassigned to the genus Paramys on the basis of material collected in Sublette County, Wyoming, during 1966 and 1967. Examination of Paramys wyomingensis suggests a relationship to the Wasatchian paramyine Paramys copei copei. It is possible that Paramys wyomingensis of the Bridger is ancestral to the early Oligocene Prosciurus.


: In this work, we proposed a data fusion technique to increase the network lifetime and energy efficiency. Sensing data is collected, processed, filtered and forwarded through cluster head to the base station contains the supported values refined from the data received and pre -processed with data fusion. In this paper, the approach for the data pre-processing is modified to involvement of data fusion along with the routing modified to makes the better utilization of the computing environment using data fusion and provide network a better life time and better energy efficiency. Also proposed a scheme OEAS (Optimal energy allocation scheme) for optimal energy allocation to nodes. Also used cluster head selection techniques. cluster head is selected on basis of its energy level, there are few addition essential factors which makes nodes an ideal candidate to be cluster head such as: Reliability of nearby nodes, Quality and Node reliability. As a result the simulation results come in favour of what it is designed for to increase in network's life time and data efficiency and reliability of the network data increases.


dence in each case. Given the state of the literature, I believe we gain more by increasing explanatory power across cases than within them. Wenzelburger's review also raises several broader connections. First, he notes thatmy theorymight "travel well to other settings." In fact, this theory was developed in a wildly different context. It is a modified version of economist Douglass North's theory, offered in the 1980s, to explain European state formation. I likewise draw on the ideas of Ronald Coase from the 1930s, who argued that transaction costs explain why people create centralized firms instead of just relying on market transactions. Finally, Harold Demsetz's 1967 work explains when people will invest more in defining and enforcing property rights. These authors are part of a broader school, often known as New Institutional Economics, that studies transaction costs. In the prison context, transaction costs rise when there are more people, fewer pre-prison connections, and less social distance, leading to the creation of more centralized, extralegal prison institutions. The Puzzle of Prison Order is actually an out-ofsample test (way out of sample) of this framework. Second, Wenzelburger wonders whether the case of the Civil War-era Andersonville POW camp is too different to compare to the others. Although it is substantively different because of its historical setting and operation amidst a civil war, when viewed through the institutional lens, it is very similar to other cases. In particular, it shares many of the same features of the Bolivian prison to which I compare it: no guard presence within, meager rations, complete freedom of movement inside, and no exit options. On these grounds, the cases are highly similar in important institutional ways. The one major difference—access to the outside world—helps explain why social order at Andersonville falls into whatWenzelburger describes as "totally inhumane conditions" while relative order emerges in the Bolivian prison. The case of Andersonville is also of interest because it is actually the topic of ongoing debate among public choice economists. In 1972, Thomas Hogarty argued that the Andersonville case was proof that order cannot emerge without a strong, effective state. One response, from Virgil Storr in 2006, argued that officials at Andersonville actively prevented self-organization among the prisoners. I offer a new explanation in the book, which I hope will be the definitive answer in this debate. Finally, the framework in Wenzelburger's outstanding book, The Partisan Politics of Law and Order, suggests a very plausible explanation for why some countries allow their prisons to be poorly governed, while other countries invest in resources, administration, and high-quality official governance. I did not explain this in my book, because I felt it was too far outside the scope of my argument. Fortunately for me, Wenzelburger has now filled this important gap in the literature. I only wish that I had his book in hand when I was writing mine. The Partisan Politics of Law and Order. By Georg Wenzelburger. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. 268p. $49.95 cloth. doi:10.1017/S1537592721001092


Abstract The Evaluation of Soft and Hard Tissue Change for Retraction of Lower Anterior Tooth in Bimaxillary Protrusion Patients acco rding to Two Different Therapeutic Methods: Mandibular Anterior Segme ntal Osteotomy and Orthodontic Treatment with Teeth Extraction Young-Joo Kim, Kyung-A Kim 1 , Yong-Jae Yu, Kyung-Sun Ryu, Jeong-Min Ryu, Joo-Young Ohe, Su-Jung Kim 1 , Seoung-Hun Kim 1 , Baek-Soo Lee Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 1 Orthodontics, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a nterior segmental osteotomy (ASO) in bimaxillary protrusion (BP) patients by comparison between the mandibular s oft and hard tissue changes from orthodontic treatment and ASO.Methods: All 44 patients were diagnosed with BP in Kyung-Hee Medical Ce nter. Orthodontic treatment with teeth extractions were underwent by 23 patients (Group A) and 21 patients underwe nt ASO (Group B). Mandibular soft and hard tissue changes were measured and evaluated, which were based on the vertical a nd horizontal reference line in lateral cephalometric radiograp hs. Statistical significance between the changes and correlation be tween each measurement were analyzed.Results: The amount of B point movement was lesser than that of the low er incisal tip (LIT) retraction, and LIT was tilted lingually in group A. The posterior movement discrepancy between LIT and B point was insignificant, and the inclination of lower incisor was not changed in group B. The soft tissues, including the low er lip, showed a posterior movement and reduction in the depth of mento-labial groove. According to the correlation analysis, the movement of the lower incisor was significantly related to the movement of the lower lip in group A, and the movement of the l ower incisor was significantly related to that of the movement of lower lip, B point and Pog in group B.Conclusion: The orthodontic treatment in BP patients results in posterior tilting movement of the lower incisor, but ASO results in the bodily movement of the lower incisor. Consequent ly, ASO is more effective in BP cases because it ensures the controlled movement of the lower incisors.Key words:Bimaxillary protrusion, Anterior segmental osteotomy, Ort hodontic treatment


SUMMARY Folic acid was differently immobilized to the surface of iron oxide nanoparticle to reduce the dose of the nanoparticle to the body with higher cellular uptake efficiency. Folic acid was immobilized via amine functionalized linker on the iron oxide nanoparticle. Magnetization was characterized of synthesized iron oxide and quantified the amount of surface immobilized amine group of the linker and conjugated folic acid. INTRODUCTION Iron oxide is widely applied to many type of biomedical devices to obtain clear image of tissues or organs. Especially, the studies of iron oxide nanoparticle have been developed to decrease its dose of the nanoparticle to the body. One of the methods for reducing dose of the nanoparticle is that immobilization of targeting moiety on the surface of the nanoparticle. In order to target tumor tissue, FA is generally applied to the surface of the iron oxide nanoparticle, which target FA receptor that is over-expressed on the membrane of cancer cell. FA immobilized iron oxide nanoparticle (Fe3O4FA) showed higher uptake efficiency of the nanoparticle to cancer cells. However, decreasing of the amount of the iron oxide nanoparticle is still limited even with targeting moiety on the surface of the nanoparticle. We hypothesized that control of the number of targeting ligand on single nanoparticle reduce the dose of nanoparticle with better cellular uptake efficiency. Here, it was evaluated that the minimized dose condition with high cellular uptake efficiency of the Fe3O4-FA according to the regulation of the number of FA on the single nanoparticle. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Iron oxide was synthesized by previous studies. FeCl3·6H2O (2g), FeCl2·4H2O (0.78g) and 1% (w/w) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to total weight of FeCl3·6H2O and FeCl2·4H2O were added to distilled water (DW) (150ml) at 70°C, and nitrogen gas was purged for 30min. And then ammonia solution (5ml) was dropped slowly to oxidize while the mixture was stirred with overhead stirring at 450rpm and further incubated for 30min. After that, iron oxide was washed using DW (40ml) for 5 times and lyophilized. Magnetization of PVA coated iron oxide nanoparticle was measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) In order to decorate amine groups on the iron oxide, iron oxide (50mg) was suspended in methanol (1ml) and added APS (31.5mol). The mixture was incubated with shaking for overnight at room temperature. Undecorated APS was washed out with fresh methanol (1ml) three times and dried in the air. Washout APS was quantified by fluorescamine assay to analyze the amount of conjugated APS to PVA coated iron oxide. Carboxylate of FA (44.14mg) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1ml) was activated with 1ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) (38.34mg) with vigorous shaking for 30min at RT. Subsequently FA solution was differently added into the amine decorated iron oxide (50mg) suspensions to fabricate surface immobilized FA density controlled iron oxide. The mixture was incubated in the shaking incubator at RT for 12h. Unreacted FA was washed with DMSO (2ml) three times. Conjugated FA was quantified indirectly by the amount of unconjugated FA in supernatant using UV-Vis spectrophotometers at 360nm. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION


In his 1958 introduction to The Wings of the Dove, R. R Blackmur describes his "first elated reading" of James' novel in language that fuses literary epiphany and sexual awakening. Blackmur recalls a "hot and muggy" day culminating in a "stifling midnight": "Long before the end I knew a master had laid hands on me. The beauty of the book bore me up; I was both cool and waking; excited and effortless; nothing was any longer worthwhile and everything had become necessary" (Studies 161). For Blackmur, a lifetime of reading James begins in this youthful experience of "appreciation never heightened" afterwards, not yet dulled by either the "over-interpretation" or the "stupefying idolatry" of the critical reader. Blackmur's rapture at being held in the grasp of a "master" is one of finding something ineffable yet hard and teal in the book, of "embracing] the shadow of imagination as if it were a solid thing" (162). The strange "thingliness" of James' imagination that Blackmur both possesses and is possessed by in this youthful memory, however, shelters within it a wish that reaches toward an earlier encounter with a "Jamesian thing"—not only in James' fiction, but in relation to his person:


Analogy is an important idea in physics.In the electrostatic field and static magnetic field,from the manifestation of force,the definition of the amount of macroscopic properties,entity description to the principle of superposition followed,and the form of flux and circulation,there are not a lot of similarities,but a lot of different shows.Students can further understand physics concepts by analogy.


The information age and the rise of the Internet have resulted in new and novel approaches to everyday activities of people around the world. The application of warfare is certainly no exception to this development. Both state and non-state actors are busy devising new ways of applying technology to carry out attacks on their adversaries, or prevent their adversaries from successfully attacking them. In the past, technology has been used merely to augment or improve the performance or capabilities of traditional military weapons and tools. However, with the increasing level of interconnected devices, attacks that operate purely through digital mediums are becoming increasingly effective.Traditionally, International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and the Laws of Armed Conflict (LOAC) have focused on the regulation and governance of kinetic, physical operations. The prospect of significant attacks being carried out through purely electronic means would have been pure fantasy a generation ago, and would not have been envisioned when IHL and LOAC were being developed. The traditional categorization of conflict and of participant action is stretched when applied beyond the physical world. It is the difficulty in categorizing participant action that must be addressed in order to ensure the protections that have been applied in historic conflicts are capable of being applied in the conflicts of the future.


Public participation legislation system, which is defined by Law of Legislation and Provisional Regulation on Procedure for Formulation, is important to change closed legislation procedure and promote scientific democracy of legislation and is in its initial stage and needs to be consummated further.


The conditions, providing, completeness of the decreasing elementary solutions of one class of fourth order operator-differential equations are found. In the work it is proved existence of the regular solution of corresponding homogeneous operator-differential equation, when the boundary conditions contain operators, and it is proved a completeness of some arbitrary chains, constructed by these boundary conditions. Let H be a separable Hilbert space, A positively defined self-adjoint operator in H. It is known that, the domain of the operator Aγ(γ > 0) becomes a Hilbert Space Hγ with respect to the scalar products (x, y)γ = (Aγx,Aγy), x, y ∈ D(Aγ). We'll denote by L2(R+;Hγ) a set of all measurable Bohner vector-functions with the values from Hγ , for which ‖f‖ = (∞∫ 0 ‖f(t)‖2γ dt )1/2 <∞. Further, let L(X,Y ) define a set of linear restrictions of the operators acting from the Hilbert Space X to another Y ; ∑ (.) be a spectrum of the operator (.); ∑ ∞ be an ideal of the completely continuous operators in L(H,H); ∑ p = { A : A ∈ ∑ ∞, ∞ ∑ n=1 sn(A) <∞ where sn(A) −s are numbers of the operator A}; in future everywhere u ′ , u ′′ , u ′′′ and u(4) are derivatives in the since of distributions theory [1]. Now let's introduce the following sets: W 4 2 (R+;H) = {u : u ∈ L2(R+;H4), u(4) ∈ L2(R+;H)}, W̊ 4 2 (R+;H) = {u : u ∈W 4 2 (R+;H), u(0) = u′(0) = u′′(0) = u′′′(0) = 0}, W 4,T,k 2 (R+;H) = { u : u ∈W 4 2 (R+;H), u(0) = Tu′′(0), u′(0) = Ku′′′(0), T ∈ L(H3/2,H7/2),K ∈ L(H1/2,H5/2) } . Each of these sets provided with norm ‖u‖W 4 2 = ( ‖u‖2L2(R+;H4) + ∥∥∥u(4)∥∥∥2 L2(R+;H) )1/2 , becomes a Hilbert space [1,p.29]. Now we'll pass to the statement of the problems, which we are studying. Let B1, B2, B3 ∈ L(H;H), then a domain of the operator bundle P (λ) = λE + λB3A+ λB2A + λB1A +A (1) 52 [V.S.Aliyev] Transactions of NAS of Azerbaijan coincides with the space H4; here E single operator in H. In the theorem on the completeness of decreasing elementary solutions of the equation P (d/dt)u = u +B3Au +B2Au +B1Au +Au = 0 (2) by fulfilling the boundary conditions: u(0)− Tu′′(0) = φ,φ ∈ H7/2, u′(0)−Ku′′′(0) = ψ,ψ ∈ H5/2 (3) in the corresponding space of solutions of problem (2), (3) in supposition A−1 ∈ ∑ p. To this end, at first we shall consider the operator-differential equation: P (d/dt) = u +B3Au +B2Au +B1Au +Au = f, t ∈ R+ (4) by fulfilling the boundary conditions u(0) = Tu′′(0), u′(0) = Ku′′′(0) (5) where almost everywhere f(t) ∈ H, u(t) ∈ H. The questions on the completeness of the elementary solutions in the case when the operators are in the boundary conditions are investigated for example, in the work [5] for second order equations. Definition 1. Problem (4), (5) is called regular solvable, if for each vectorfunction f(t) ∈ L2(R+;H) there exists a unique vector-function u(t) ∈ ∈ W 4,T,K 2 (R+;H), which satisfies equation (4) almost everywhere in R+, boundary conditions (5) are fulfilled in the sense of convergence of the space H7/2,H5/2 and it holds the inequality ‖u‖W 4 2 ≤ const ‖f‖L2 . (6) Let's find conditions, providing regular solvability of problem (4), (5). First of all, we shall consider the equation P0(d/dt)u = u +Au = f (7) where f(t) ∈ L2(R+;H). Let's denote by P0 the operator, acting from space W 4,T,K 2 (R+;H) in L2(R+;H) by the following way: P0u = P0(d/dt)u, u ∈W 4,T,K 2 (R+;H). It's true. Theorem 1. Let C = A7/2TA−3/2, S = A5/2KA−1/2, these operators are commutative, i.e. CS = SC and point −1 / ∈ ∑ (CS−S+C). Then operator P0 realizes an isomorphism from the space W 4,T,K 2 (R+;H) on L2(R+;H). Proof. The condition−1 / ∈ ∑ (CS−S+C) implies that homogeneous P0(d/dt) = 0 has just a zero solution from the spaceW 4,T,K 2 (R+;H), but at any f(t) ∈ L2(R+;H) Transactions of NAS of Azerbaijan [On completeness of elementary solutions] 53 equation (7) has solution from the space W 4,T,K 2 (R+;H), representable in the form


Rubber (Havea brasiliensis Mull. Arg) is one of important agriculture commodities for Indonesia as well as international demands. In Jambi, rubber plant is one of the leading commodities. The lack of productive dry land causes transition of rubber plantation development to marginal land, such as peatland. The main problem in the rubber plantation development in the peatland is the drainage, land Ph, and root ability to upholds plans. Rubber plant has taproot characteristic, which causes the plant needs deeper land solum. The best way to resolve the problem is by having adaptive rubber seeds, strong and wider root proliferation, to adjust with the peatland characteritics. Grafting approach, which is one of cultivation technologies, between rubber seeds (Havea brasiliensis Mull. Arg) with dyera costula seeds is conducted. The application of grafting approach between rubber plant and dyera costulata treated with NPK fertilizer and biological charcoal is hoped to produce adaptive and high-quality rubber seeds and comply with marginal land, particularly peatland. The provision of NPK fertilizer and carcoal give good respond of development, which can be seen from the increasing of rubber seed's height, root length, root weight, plant weight, shoot root ratio, and the increasing of leaves' number. Wood charcoal, coconut shell, rice husk, and charcoal can be utilized as the source of nutrient for plants and can have another benefit as the matrial for land restoration. Treatment of N2 provision (NPK fertilizer 5,0 gr + 100 gr husk/poly bag) shows better growth improvement for rubber seeds which are attached by dyera costulata and followed by the treatment of N1 provision (NPK fertilizer 2,5 gr + 120 gr husk/ poly bag)


Merging behavior is inevitable at on-ramp bottlenecks and is a significant factor in triggering traffic breakdown. In modeling merging behaviors, the gap acceptance theory is generally used. Gap acceptance theory holds that when a gap is larger than the critical gap, the vehicle will merge into the mainline. In this study, however, analyses not only focus on the accepted gaps, but also take the rejected gaps into account, and the impact on merging behavior with multi-rejected (more than once rejecting behavior) gaps was investigated; it shows that the multi-rejected gaps have a great influence on the estimation of critical gap and merging prediction. Two empirical trajectory data sets were collected and analyzed: one at Yan'an Expressway in Shanghai, China, and the other at Highway 101 in Los Angeles, USA. The study made three main contributions. First, it gives the quantitative measurement of the rejected gap which is also a detailed description of non-merging event and investigated the characteristics of the multi-rejected gaps; second, taking the multi-rejected gaps into consideration, it further expanded the concept of the "critical gap" which can be a statistic one and the distribution function of merging probability with respect to such gaps was analyzed by means of survival analysis. This way could make the full use of multi-rejected gaps and accepted gaps and reduce the sample bias, thus estimating the critical gap accurately; finally, considering multi-rejected gaps, it created logistic regression models to predict merging behavior. These models were tested using field data, and satisfactory performances were obtained.


Introduction Nerve block is widely used for pain management after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB), erector spinae plane block (ESPB), serratus anterior plane block (SAPB), and intercostal nerve block (ICNB) are alternative treatments. Material and methods Network meta-analysis based on Bayesian analyses was performed to obtain results for direct comparison, indirect comparison, and network comparison, and to make rankings based on probabilities. Covariates were adjusted to determine the effect of the covariates on results of this study. Results The study identified 61 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (4468 patients). There were results of probability ranking for the first ("best" treatment): 24 h morphine consumption, TPVB > ESPB > ICNB > SAPB. Covariate adjustment allowed the four treatments to change somewhat in the likelihood of the best choice. Conclusions TPVB ranks best in our analysis. ESPB is a viable alternative. SAPB and ICNB seem to play a limited role in postoperative pain management.


of the bout, the organization staged treatment and specialized medical provi-sion. A small naval hospital in Vladivostok took the brunt of the struggle for the recovery of the wounded. Khasan events were remarkable and heroic page in the history of the Sanitary Division of the Pacific Fleet. military


To improve the tolerance of Li-ion batteries to overcharge,the cyclic voltammogram was employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of 5-nitroacenaphthene in 1M LiPF6/EC-DMC.The result demonstrated 5-nitroacenaphthene was found to be electro-oxidized at around 4.4 V(vs Li/Li+) on Pt plate electrode,only to form polymer by scanning electron microscope.And 5-nitroacenaphthene had no the obviously detrimental effect on the positive electrode material until 4.25 V by the LiMn2O4 powder microelectrode.But when the LiCoO2 battery was overcharged to around 4.5 V at the different rates,5-nitroacenaphthene was found to be electro-oxidized,and produced H+ during polymerizing.H+ was reduced to H2 on the negative electrode,and raise the internal pressure of batteries just to improve the safety of Li-ion battery by actuating explosion-proof valve.


The mining industry in many countries around the world is often the single largest producer of solid wastes, sometimes orders of magnitude higher than other forms solid waste (eg. municipal). Over the past century, a considerable portion of the mining industry has shifted to large-scale open cut mining techniques, which invariably requires the removal of significant quantities of waste rock (overburden). This is also coupled with a general trend of declining ore grades for most commodities, meaning higher quantities of ore need to be processed to produce a given unit metal or mineral. In the long-term, in terms of sustainability, it will be the balance of the environmental, social and economic costs of increasingly large-scale mining versus the efficiency of recycling and demand for metals and minerals. This paper presents the results of a detailed compilation and assessment of the current trends in the Australian mining industry, namely bauxite, coal, copper, iron ore, lead-zinc-silver, gold, nickel and uranium. The results for the amount of ore milled, declining ore grades and the increasing mine wastes are presented for each of these specific commodities. Overall, it can be seen that there are clear trends towards lower grades and increasing open cut mining and waste rock production, though not all of this data is publicly reported in a consistent manner. From a sustainability perspective, this has a number of important consequences, including energy use, water consumption and rehabilitation, among others. The data presented in this paper can be used to guide life cycle assessments as well as broader sustainability assessments. The issue of mine waste is growing and provides a number of opportunities for innovative waste disposal and other engineering solutions within the context of sustainable solid waste management frameworks.


2-Stannyl-1,3-dithianes. Preparation, SdLi-Transmetallation, and Use for Cyclizations Summary In order to test the possibility of generating nucleophilic 2-lithio- 1,3-dithiane centers in the presence of electrophilic groups in the same molecule, the stannylated hthianes 1-3 were prepared or generated. Solutions of the lithio derivatives 2a and 2b could either be obtained by metallation of 1 with lithiumdiisopropylamide (LDA) or by transmetallation of 3 with alkyllithium reagents. Alkylations of 2 led to the alkyl-stannyl-dithianes 4-7. Additions of the trimethylstannylated lithiodithiane 2a to aldehydes and ketones at low temperature led - after hydrolysis - to the adduct alcohols 8; warming up to room temperature before hydrolysis furnished keten thioacetals 9 only with acetone (+ 9b) and cyclohexanone (-+ 9c) as carbonyl component, while still the simple adducts 8a and 8d were isolated with benzaldehyde and cyclohexenone, respectively. Methyl benzoate and benzoic acid anhydride reacted with 2a to produce the tin-free derivatives 12 and 14, respectively. It is shown that the Sn/Li-exchange at the 2-position of dithianes 4-7, 15 and 16 takes place within minutes at - 78", whereas H/Li-metallation does not occur at all at this temperature. In situ preparation of the cyclization products 17-19 from halo-epoxides is described. The overall yields of Sn/Li-exchange (3 --f 2), epoxyalkylation (2-+15 and 16, respectively), Sn/Li-exchange in 15 and 16, and cyclization (-+ 17--19) are twice as high (up to 80%) with the tributyltin than with the trimethyltin derivatives. The intramolecular 1, 3 nucleophilic reaction 20a -+ 17 is complete within 5 min at -78". The total yields of cyclization products by the tin route (3b4 16420b-t 18+ 19) and by direct metallation (1,3-dithiane+21b+ 20b+ 18+ 19) are 63 and 30%, respectively.


tains, one of the most interesting geological areas in Europe. For this reason, institutions related to mining and geology have been operating here for over 200 years. After the establishment of the Polish Geological Institute in 1919 in Warsaw, one of its founders, Jan Czarnocki, took steps to establish a regional branch of the Institute in Kielce, whose aim was to conduct scientific and exploratory research in the Holy Cross Mountains area. These activities were successfully completed in 1937, and since then, with a short break due to the Second World War, a branch of the Polish Geological Institute has been operating in Kielce. Since 1961, its headquarters have been located in a modern building, designed entirely for its needs, which has recently been modernized and expanded. Several dozen people employed in the Holy Cross Branch of the PGI-NRI carry out tasks in the field of applied geology and scientific research, focused on the study of an almost complete succession of Phanerozoic rocks in this region – from the Cambrian to the Quaternary. The aim of this article is to provide a brief introduction to the history of the Holy Cross Branch of the PGI-NRI, and to present the most important data related to the research and accomplishments of the geologists working in Kielce.


A new technique for fully automatic quantitative fractography of sintered steels is described that overcomes the problem of low contrast in the fracture surface. The method enables faster and more reliable determination of the load bearing cross section A c - which parameter is most relevant for the mechanical properties - than in the case of manual measurement. Both techniques show, however, quite good agreement. Limitations are given by the fracture morphology; possible remedies for this problem are discussed here.


Most capital inflows are intermediated by domestic banks. We use transaction-level data on bank credit to estimate the causal impact of capital inflows on lending. The key mechanism is a failure of UIP, where capital inflows due to increases in global risk-appetite lead domestic banks to lower borrowing rates. Our estimates explain 43% of observed credit growth, where bank heterogeneity is critical for the aggregate impact. Foreign banks, exchange-rate driven balance-sheet shocks, and the relaxation of firm-level collateral constraints cannot account for our large estimates. Textbook- models, where UIP holds and capital flows are endogenous to demand cannot explain our findings.


As technically savvy as we've become, most of us still can't anticipate the full value and difficulties of new technologies. Although trade literature and product specifications provide comprehensive information about a technology's capabilities, it's not until we begin to use it personally that we fully understand the technology's potential and all the ways in which we may use it. The telephone is a perfect example. Back in the early 1960s, when I worked as a chemical engineer for a major oil company, I shared a telephone with three other engineers because the company believed that one phone was sufficient for all four of us. Similarly, some households opted to forego telephone service in its early years because in an emergency, someone could run to a neighbor's house and use their phone. But the telephone is an "enabling" technology. Its value and worth grew tremendously as more people began to use and rely on it. Today a phone is a necessity in business and personal lives, providing worldwide access to voice, data and even visual communications. Facsimile (fax) is another technology fast gaining a foothold. When fax first emerged, its benefits for transmitting documents previously sent by mail were quite clear. But did anyone anticipate using fax to place lunch orders or to register a child for swimming class? Similarly, imaging technology offers the promise and potential to change the way we work and live. In fact, imaging--using computers to electronically copy, store, transmit and retrieve visuals, graphics and documents containing text--could be the passport to a paperless society. Although limited forms of imaging (such as optical mark reading of test forms) have been in use for more than 20 years, recent cost breakthroughs and technological developments are making document imaging more affordable and practical. As with any new technology, we need more hands-on experience with imaging to discover its full potential. One key is a solid understanding of the many functions accomplished by a paper document. The evidence is clear. Despite 30 years of computing applications and advancements, managers still report that 95% of the information they use is not in a computer system, and much of it is paper-based, according to a recent study by the Association for Information and Image Management. It is very important that we understand "paper--the great interface"; it's a critical step in using imaging technology to replace paper. * A Technology Finds a Home How is imaging useful? What benefits does imaging offer? What applications present the greatest promise? Who will use imaging? The search for answers to these questions gave rise 'to the Minnesota Imaging Project (MIP), a joint academic-business research program at the University of Minnesota's Carlson School of Management. Started two years ago, this ongoing project is designed to develop an understanding of imaging from a management and application perspective, especially in terms of the changes in work processes that would occur with imaging applications. The MIP research team consists of several individuals from industry, government and academia who bring to the project a wealth of technical backgrounds and senior management credentials, including some with imaging experience in their organizations. Many team members are employed by firms that also sponsor the project. Participating firms include IBM, US West, AT&T, Norwest Bank, Hennepin County, Medtronic, NSP, West Publishing and others. * Image Mail as the Focus Identifying a research application for studying imaging was a top priority. The MIP team decided to focus on an application that involves people who frequently work together as a group, but are separated by time and place. The nature of the work would be primarily paper-based, with remote communications requirements. Also, the application needed to have characteristics that cut across many sectors of industry and government. …


ABSTRACT Background The molecular signature response classifier (MSRC) is a blood-based precision medicine test that predicts nonresponders to tumor necrosis factor-ɑ inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) so that patients with a molecular signature of non-response to TNFi can be directed to a treatment with an alternative mechanism of action. Research Design and Methods This study evaluated decision choice and treatment outcomes resulting from MSRC-informed treatment selection within a real-world cohort. Results Therapy selection by providers was informed by MSRC results for 73.5% (277/377) of patients. When MSRC results were not incorporated into decision-making, 62.0% (62/100) of providers reported deviating from test recommendations due to insurance-related restrictions. The 24-week ACR50 responses in patients prescribed a therapy in alignment with MSRC results were 39.6%. Patients with a molecular signature of non-response had significantly improved responses to non-TNFi therapies compared with TNFi therapies (ACR50 34.8% vs 10.3%, p-value = 0.05). This indicates that predicted non-responders to TNFi therapies are not nonresponders to other classes of RA targeted therapy. Significant changes were also observed for CDAI, ACR20, ACR70, and for responses at 12 weeks. Conclusions Adoption of the MSRC into patient care could fundamentally shift treatment paradigms in RA, resulting in substantial improvements in real-world treatment outcomes.


Teeth are an excellent example of optimally designed hybrid organic-inorganic nanoarchitectures composed of simple compounds. Typically, these simple building phases show exceptional mechanical property amplification when formed into constructions. Many natural materials are complex composites in which synergistic benefits of inorganic and organic components enhance the physical and mechanical properties [1]. The constantly growing incisors of rodents are a perfect example of natural organicinorganic complex composite material. The front part of the incisor is covered by hard and resistant enamel, while softer dentin forms the bulk of the tooth, which is gradually removed due to the heavy gnawing, and hence forms self-sharpening device.


Polysialic acid (PolysSia) is a dynamically regulated, post-translational
 modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). During ontogenesis,
 polySia is bound to NCAM. In the postnatal
 development of the organism, the amount of polySia
 decreases significantly. PolySia is synthesized by
 two polysialyltransferases (ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV)
 in the golgi apparatus. While SiaII
 shows high activity during the embryonic stage, this changes during postnatal
 development in favor of SiaIV,
 which is mainly found in the brain at this time point.
 It has already been shown that the synthesis of polySia is amplified after nerve lesion. However, up to
 now, it is not known how a reduction of polySia
 affects early peripheral nerve regeneration. Furthermore, it has not been
 evaluated which function is fulfilled by each of the polysialyl
 transferases during peripheral nerve regeneration
 in the adult mammal.
 To answer this question, this study used two
 genetically transformed mouse mutants. In each of them, one of the sialyltransferases was inactivated completely while the
 other one showed a decreased activity. Wildtype
 animals served as controls. At the age of 8 weeks, an axonotmesis
 of the left sciatic nerve was performed in all animals. Seven days post
 surgery, all animals were sacrificed and the nerves were harvested and
 morphologically evaluated.
 The results showed, that
 the regeneration rate of myelinated axons was
 significantly increased in ST8SiaIV inactivated mice compared to wildtype mice. In addition the regeneration rate was
 significantly decreased in mice lacking ST8SiaII. Regarding the size of the
 axons, it turned out, that the axons of animals missing ST8SiaII were
 significantly smaller compared to animals missing ST8SiaIV and compared to wildtype animals. The size of the myelin sheath, on the
 contrary, did not differ between the three groups. Summing up, these results
 proofed that inactivity of one of the polysialyltransferases
 and the associated decrease of polySia during early
 nerve regeneration affects the elongation and size but not the myelinisation
 of axons.


Recent advances in HMI are playing a key role in revolutionizing the automotive aftermarket industry. In this paper, we present several latest innovations on wearable Augmented Reality (AR) and big data Visual Analytics that address real-world HMI challenges for easy repair assistance and predictive maintenance.


In view of the widely held misconceptions of emission trading in the academic and the practical arena, this paper points out that understanding of emission trading should be based on the whole framework of Coase Theorem. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the Key issues of Coase Theorem, including transaction cost, property right and criteria for policy instruments selection, etc. which will facilitate better understanding of the policy instruments of emission trading and help use it more efficiently in environmental problem solving.


This dictionary breaks new ground by combining articles on Christians ethics and pastoral theology in one volume. It seeks to integrate moral, pastoral and practical theology.


The invention discloses a diachylon desulphurization method based on throttling self-collision and belongs to the field of waste lead-acid storage battery resource regeneration. The method mainly includes the steps that after waste lead-acid storage batteries are crushed, diachylon is made to be slurry which is stirred and mixed with a desulphurization agent in a stirring tank, and the mixture is conveyed to a desulphurization reactor through a pump and then returns to the stirring tank. A fluid throttling element is arranged in the desulphurization reactor, the mixed slurry of the diachylon and the desulphurization agent achieves a throttling effect under the action of the throttling element, violent self-collision of diachylon particles occurs, a diachylon desulphurization product falls off from the surface of a diachylon particle cluster in time under the collision effect, the diachylon and the desulphurization agent make full contact, and the purpose of efficient desulphurization is achieved. According to the method, the desulphurization reaction is rapid, the sulfur content of desulphurized materials is low, running is stable, operation is easy, energy consumption is low, and the method is suitable for improving and upgrading existing diachylon desulphurization devices in China.


Sun C, Li X, Chen Y, et al. Spatial and temporal characteristics of stable isotopes in the Tarim River Basin. GIEH. 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2016.1125350 When the above article was first published online, it was stated in error that research was supported by the One Hundred Talents Program [number 41471030] of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 41371503]. The funding information in both the print and online versions has now been corrected to declare support from the One Hundred Talents Program [grant number Y071121] of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 41471030 & 41371503]. Taylor & Francis apologises for this error.


This article aims to describe how to visualize surface tension effects in liquid jets. A simple experiment is proposed using the liquid jet flow from a mains water tap/faucet. Using a modern digital camera with a high shutter speed, it is possible to visualize the instabilities (capillary waves) that form within the jet due to the action of surface tension, which can then eventually lead to droplet formation. Visualizing this process is important for understanding the fluid mechanics of liquid jets and also the formation of droplets, which has wide applications for instance in printing, polymer processing, aerosol sprays and fuel injection in combustion chambers.


In this paper, we review our recent work in the area of 60 GHz radio-over-fiber fronthaul links. We compared the different transport schemes incorporating modified double-sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) and optical single sideband with carrier (OSSB) modulation formats to cater for the transport of 60 GHz wireless signals. Our results show that OSSB links exhibits better receiver sensitivity however with trade-offs of requiring larger bandwidth modulators and higher frequency local oscillator.


Techniques are described for Artificial Intelligence (AI) based deep fakes for a participant view in the meeting. A deep fake video may be built from poor quality and noisy/low-light video. A participant can eliminate others in the video that the participant did not intend to see but are in the camera field of view. Quality of video from poor quality cameras can also be eliminated. Moreover, a deep fake algorithm is described to build a high quality hyper realistic video from a low quality/no video scenario from the audio. This can be achieved by capturing only the face metadata on the meeting client using previously learned AI models and sending it to the cloud. The meeting server uses the AI based deep fake to create a high-resolution video from a low-resolution video using AI algorithms previously learned from previously shared videos/metadata from the user. The apparent location of the participant may also be changed using deep fakes (e.g., bedroom to work room, car to office room, etc.), in order to provide an optimal meeting experience for the remote participant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Current video collaboration experiences are poor and limited. In low bandwidth situations a video cannot be streamed. Blurred low-resolution video is provided on currentgeneration large 4K/8K displays. Participants may not have enough ambient light to provide good quality video using device cameras (e.g., smart phone), may not be dressed or groomed to attend a professional video call, and may not be in the right place to attend a video call (e.g., car, supermarket, parking lot, home, bedroom, etc.). Furthermore, unpleasant/unintentional views of the participant personal space may be shown. Accordingly, techniques are described herein to provide a unique video collaboration experience with Artificial Intelligence (AI) even in situations where highquality video conferencing cannot be established properly. Manual triggers from the user 1 5999 2 Chidambaram and Muthusamy: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED HYPER-REALISTIC DEEP FAKES FOR PART Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2020 may be used to produce an AI generated video view for the participant. The user may trigger the AI generated video view if the user perceives that the video quality generated is sufficient, the user does not have a high definition camera, the user does not want to show a user live feed, or there is a known low network bandwidth. The AI generated video view may be automatically triggered if the video quality had degraded beyond an acceptable level, the meeting server detects that there is a low light or low resolution video, the communications manager decides the video communication cannot be established or switched over to audio, the meeting server detects low bandwidth/jitter/latency/packet loss after a video call has been established, or the meeting client detects low bandwidth/jitter/latency/packet loss and notifies the meeting server via Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) or Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) to switch to the AI generated video. A notification pipe may obtain HTTPS feedback from the telepresence endpoint and send a SIP notification from audio/video clients. The meeting client may provide a button to signal a user intention to switch to the AI generated video. The meeting client captures only the face metadata using previously learned AI models, sends it to cloud, and notifies the meeting server regarding a user intention that a simulated video need to be presented to the audience. The meeting server identifies users who are enrolled for the feature and trains the meeting video AI engine. This can be performed by walking the participants through previously configured instructions. The meeting server continuously records participant video and generates deep learning AI based three-dimensional (3D) models of the participant based on past meetings joined by the participant. The meeting server may then generate the AI-based hyper realistic video based on any one or more of the aforementioned triggers. Figure 1 below illustrates an example system overview. 2 5999 3 Defensive Publications Series, Art. 3364 [2020] https://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series/3364


Objective To study the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis Method: The clinical presents and data of images and histologic observation from preparations which were cut by the anterior cervical surgery of the patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were compared to analyse the factors and mechanism related to cervical spondylosis Results In 48 cases,40 cases were excellent and good(83%) In 20 preparations from 18 patients,14 were cervical disc herniation (70%)that were as pathogenic factor of cervical spondylotic myelopathy,and 5 were vertebral osteophyte Inflammatory cells were abundantly present in the posterior margin of cervical discs in 11(55%);in 1 preparation, inflammatory cells were observed in degenerated nonherniated cervical disc The degrees of spinal cord and nerve function injury of patients whose cervical discs had inflammatory cells infiltration were more severe than that of patients with deficit of inflammatory cells infiltration (Evaluation in nerve function, P 0 01) Conclusion Except for the mechanical compression from herniated cervical disc and posterior margin vertebral osteophyte,the inflammation in degenerated and herniated cervical disc plays an important role in pathogenesis of the cervical spondylosis


That said, interest rates remain very low relative to historical experience. This is because the economy is not yet able to remain at full capacity on its own. Furthermore, the sustainability of this level of activity is not assured; although we expected the economy to moderate in the second half of 2017, that moderation has extended into early 2018 and has been more pronounced than expected. Governing Council considered recent economic data very carefully and concluded that the softness early this year was due mainly to two temporary factors.


Konstadinos Siampos§ CPHT – Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS UMR 7644, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com In view of the recent interest in reproducing holographically various properties of conformal fluids, we review the issue of vorticity in the context of AdS/CFT. Three-dimensional fluids with vorticity require four-dimensional bulk geometries with either angular momentum or nut charge, whose boundary geometries fall into the Papapetrou–Randers class. The boundary fluids emerge in stationary non-dissipative kinematic configurations, which can be cyclonic or vortex flows, evolving in compact or non-compact supports. A rich network of Einstein's solutions arises, naturally connected with three-dimensional Bianchi spaces. We use Fefferman–Graham expansion to handle holographic data from the bulk and discuss the alternative for reversing the process and reconstruct the exact bulk geometries.


The group H of the internal symmetries of the axisymmetric field equations in general relativity is known to be isomorphic to SO(2,1), which is the double covering of the conformal group of the hyperbolic complex plane H. The Ernst potential ξ can then be geometrically understood as a map ξ:R3/SO(2) → H. The fact that the hyperbolic plane is split into two connected components is used to introduce an algebraic invariant n∈Z+ for every axisymmetric solution. It is shown that under reasonable hypotheses this invariant is related to the number of S1 curves where the manifold is intrinsically singular.


The readiness of school communities in receiving and implementing Basic Vocational Education (PAV) programme is a key determinant of the success or failure of the programme. This study was conducted to identify the readiness level of school communities towards the effectiveness of Basic Vocational Education (PAV) programme in schools. There are four factors involved in measuring the level of readiness of school communities, namely the direction of the programme, the readiness of teachers, the readiness of administrators and the challenges / problems faced by teachers in implementing PAV. This study used  quantitative and qualitative methods involving 15 teachers teaching PAV subjects in three schools in Negeri Sembilan. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using Statistical Packages for  Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. In general, the findings indicated that the overall readiness level of school communities implementing PAV was high however, the deficiencies and weaknesses identified in this study indicated that implementation of PAV has yet to reach the expected objectives. The main challenges / problems faced by teachers in the PAV programme is financial problems. The findings of this study enabled parties involved in particular Ministry of Education (MoE) to take appropriate actions to ensure the effectiveness of the PAV programme as well as to help increase the level of readiness of school communities in its implementation. In conclusion, the school community's readiness is needed in realizing the objective of implementing the PAV programme.


in the fight against persistence Valerie Defraine1, V. Liebens1, T. Swings1, R. Corbau2, A. Marchant2, P. Chaltin2, 3, F. van Bambeke4, A. Anantharajah4, M. Fauvart1,5 and J. Michiels1 1Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium 2CISTIM Leuven, vzw, Leuven, Belgium. 3Centre for Drug Design and Discovery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 4Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium 5Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies Unit, Department of Life Science Technologies, imec, Leuven, Belgium. For correspondence: email@example.com


Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant tumor that occurs mostly in children. However, the underlying mechanisms of ES are still unknown. Analyzing the results of two previous miRNA array reports, we found that miR-146b-5p might be an onco-miRNA in ES progression. To test this hypothesis, we detected the expression levels of miR-146b-5p by real-time PCR and observed the effects of miR-146b-5p on the progression of ES cells by CCK8 and transwell assays. Bioinformatics and luciferase assays were used to identify the target genes of miR-146b-5p. It showed that the expression levels of miR-146b-5p were upregulated in ES cell lines compared with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Up- or downregulation of miR-146b-5p in ES cell lines could effectively promote or block the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ES cells, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that BTG2 was one of the target genes and mediated the effects of miR-146b-5p in ES cells. Interestingly, we also found that miR-146b-5p was partly involved in the anticancer effects of pemetrexed in ES cells. Our study revealed that miR-146b-5p affected the progression of ES by suppressing BTG2, which might shed light on anticancer drug development and ES treatment in the future.


Type V, type VI, type VII, type VIII, type IX, type X, which indicates the type XI, type XII, type XIII, type XIV, type XV, type XVI, XVII form, shape and form XVIII XIX [R- ( Atorvastatin, in crystalline form, X- ray powder diffraction, solid-state NMR, Raman spectroscopy


Recent literature deals with bounds on the Value-at-Risk (VaR) of risky portfolios when only the marginal distributions of the components are known. In this paper we study Value-at-Risk bounds when the variance of the portfolio sum is also known, a situation that is of considerable interest in risk management.We provide easy to calculate Value-at-Risk bounds with and without variance constraint and show that the improvement due to the variance constraint can be quite substantial. We discuss when the bounds are sharp (attainable) and point out the close connections between the study of VaR bounds and convex ordering of aggregate risk. This connection leads to the construction of a new practical algorithm, called Extended Rearrangement Algorithm (ERA), that allows to approximate sharp VaR bounds. We test the stability and the quality of the algorithm in several numerical examples.We apply the results to the case of credit risk portfolio models and verify that adding the variance constraint gives rise to significantly tighter bounds in all situations of interest. However, model risk remains a concern and we criticize regulatory frameworks that allow financial institutions to use internal models for computing the portfolio VaR at high confidence levels (e.g., 99.5%) as the basis for setting capital requirements.


Better known as a poet than as an art critic, Alfred de Musset (1810–1857) wrote several texts about aesthetics, among those the Salon de 1836. By comparing his critical approach with other theories elaborated by Diderot, Kant, Quatremère de Quincy, Stendhal or Baudelaire, this article clarifies the originality of Musset as an art critic, and illustrates his position in the quarrel between romanticism and neo-classicism in the early nineteenth century.


The rapid advances in computers have led to the implementation of advanced computer-based methods and new opportunities for the delivery of instruction in engineering education and practice. It is anticipated that the technology will continually change the way of which instruction is imparted throughout the educational system. This study is based on the assumption that students can better understand the difficult subjects by using animated lessons in addition to instructors' explanations called here as multi-board approach. Several modules on selected engineering freshmen courses based on perceptional and conceptual difficulties of the students are prepared. The main features of the developed courseware are (i) animated interactive learning materials, (ii) virtual and real video recording of lab experiments, and (iii) a web based learning environment. The courseware was tested and evaluated at different institutions. Student assessments of the instructional materials and the multi-board approach were obtained using quantitative evaluation questionnaires. The initial results indicated that this approach was helpful for learning and teaching.


The paper discusses results of research on grave opening in the cemetery of the Wielbark Culture in Czarnowko. It is based on excavation works which were carried out in 2017 and were aimed at preparing a precise documentation of trenches which disturbed burials. Additional support was offered by geomorphologic, anthracological, and anthropological analyses. An interdisciplinary approach offers a chance to provide answers to questions concerning the time and methods of post-funeral interferences at Czarnowko and in other cemeteries of the Wielbark Culture. In the next stage, issues concerning the aim (robbery or ritual) and the cultural identity of originators of grave disturbances can be addressed.


We consider the Modulated Wideband Converter (MWC) architecture [3] that aims at sub-Nyquist reconstruction of sparse wideband signals. The goal of this paper is to optimize the selection of the periodic sequences which are used to alias the spectrum of the input signal. In particular, we consider here the specific setting when the filter cutoff and sampling frequency is increased in order to obtain multiple mixtures of the aliased subbands in each physical channel. This setting implies a structured dictionary yielding a challenging optimization problem which has not been covered in the literature. We propose and extend methods based on $\ell_{2}$ and $\ell_{\infty}$ norms minimization to solve this particular problem.


Nanosized Cu(II) hybrids derived 2-hydroxyphenylethylideneamino)quinolin-2(1H)-one (HPEAQ)
was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and TGA analysis. The IR, 1H & 13C NMR spectra
revealed that the HPEAQ coordinated its CH=N, C=O and deprotonated hydroxyl groups in coordination
with Cu(II) ions (1-4). The geometries of copper(II) hybrids are octahedral geometry. The XRD and
SEM images unequivocally definite the nanosized copper chelate (2). The antioxidant, cytotoxic
activities and molecular docking technique of the compounds have also been screened.


One half of primary brain tumors in children originate in the posterior fossa. Medulloblastomas are highly malignant brain tumors; they are the most common malignant posterior fossa tumors in pediatric population.They are characterized by their tendency to seed along the neuraxis, following CSF pathways, and they represent one of the few brain tumors, including ependymomas, pineablastoma and lymphoma ,to metastasize to extra neural tissues. Originally classified as a glioma, medulloblastoma is now referred to as a primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) [3-7]. The exact cause(s) of medulloblastoma are not known. It does not appear to "run in families" or to be directly inherited from the parents. However, medulloblastoma is associated with certain chromosomal abnormalities that probably occur at some point during a child's development. This includes not only development after birth, but also the prenatal period before a baby is born, while it is still a growing embryo or fetus. One possible cause that has been suggested is exposure of the fetus to certain causative viruses or environmental agents, but this theory remains under investigation [1].


. True flies (Insecta: Diptera) are widely distributed and the key components in most ecosystems. The objective of this study was to identify the true flies' diversity through DNA barcoding technique (658 bp sequence from the 5′-end of cytochromeoxidase I) in Bangladesh. Specimens were collected by a Malaise trap at Chittagong University Campus between April 2014 and March 2015. In this study, we examined 36476 sequences of 38267 true flies, and resulted 105 species, 109 genera, 54 subfamilies and 59 families. Among them 79 species, 69 genera, 12 subfamilies and 23 families are new country records. All the specimen records with the Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) (the species proxies), are available on the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD).


Organized by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe and the S. O. G. G. in close collaboration with representatives of the major Dutch community mental health centers, the objectives of this International Conference include: to provide a general survey of the factors endangering mental health in migrant populations in European countries; to encourage exchange of information among health professionals and representatives of migrant groups and initiating means for eliminating inequalities in mental health status and services in these populations; to establish


Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is one of the most versatile among Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) device. Application of UPFC in a multi machine electrical power system has been investigated with different purposes such as damping of low frequency oscillations, improvement of voltage profile and so forth. This paper presents the application of UPFC to enhance transient stability of a multi machine electric power system. Rotor speed variation, rotor angle variation, voltage and power flow at each bus is observed. Simulation carried out in MATLAB/Simulink showed that the system with UPFC can damp oscillations more effectively resulting in a more reliable operation. Keywords— Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), Transient Stability, Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC)


Does the critical discourse about resilience reiterate the problematic dichotomy between suffering and agency that the concept of resilience inscribes? In this discussion piece, I engage with Brad Evans' and Julian Reid's reflections on resilience in a recent issue of this journal. Although I share with Evans and Reid a normative critique of the concept of resilience, I am cautious about their ontological critique of vulnerability and am critical of their identification of finitude with learning how to die – a position which overlooks the significance of natality. Rather than arguing that vulnerability precludes political transformation as Evans and Reid do or that vulnerability enables political coalition as in Judith Butler's account of precarity, one should ask: how is vulnerability framed? I argue for framing vulnerability through a critical theory of the victim which explores the interconnections between injurability and agency, rather than treating them as oppositional terms.


We presents a method that assesses ESL learners' vocabulary usage to improve an automated scoring system of spontaneous speech responses by non-native English speakers. Focusing on vocabulary sophistication,we estimate the difficulty of each word in the vocabulary based on its frequency in a reference corpus and assess the mean difficulty level of the vocabulary usage across the responses( vocabulary profile). Three different classes of features were generated based on the words in a spoken response: coverage-related,average word rank and the average word frequency and the extent to which they influence human-assigned language proficiency scores was studied. Finally,we discussed the influence on the vocabulary features of the automated speech scoring system.


A large steel-framed bridge over a river, with a hill opposite with several houses
The date of this watercolour, six years before the bridge was built (1865), further upholds the view that Hatton's work is consistently copied from engravings in the Illustrated London News. An almost identical wood engraving was published in the Illustrated London news on October 12 1867, p. 405 (supplement). The wood engraving shows a group of men and women standing on the river bank near the bridge in the left foreground. These people are absent in Hatton's version.

A description of this bridge 576 ft long and 21 ft wide on the Tamaki River which is navigable by vessels of considerable size' is printed in the Illustrated London News, 12 October 1867 - 'Swing bridge gives clear opening of 40 ft., made with abutment stones imported from Melbourne and ironwork from Sydney. Designed by W Weaver, engineer-in-chief of Auckland Province; contractors McNeil and Wilson. Cost £17,000. Built 1865'.
Other Titles - 1865 1867
Inscriptions: Verso - in pencil, in the hand of a previous owner: 'A W H Fuller, 3 Novr 1930'
Quantity: 1 watercolour(s).
Physical Description: Watercolour on grey paper 183 x 377 mm
Provenance: Acquired by Capt. A W F Fuller, 3 November 1930.


I defend the claim that fictional narratives provide cognitive benefits to readers in virtue of helping them to understand character. Fictions allow readers to rehearse the skill of selecting and organizing into narratives those episodes of a life that reflect traits or values. Two further benefits follow: first, fictional narratives provide character models that we can apply to real-life individuals (including ourselves), and second, fictional narratives help readers to reflect on the value priorities that constitute character. I defend the plausibility of these cognitive benefits against certain worries raised by Gregory Currie and Peter Goldie.


Many recent approaches to avoiding the utility problem in speedup learning (the eventual degradation of performance due to increasing amounts of learned problem-solver control knowledge) rely on sophisticated utility measures and signiicant numbers of training problems to accurately estimate the utility of control knowledge. Empirical results presented here and elsewhere indicate that a simple selection strategy of retaining all control rules derived from a training problem solution quickly deenes an eecient set of control knowledge from few training problems. This simple selection strategy provides a low-cost alternative to example-intensive approaches for improving the speed of a problem solver. Experimentation illustrates the existence of a minimum (representing least cost) in the learning curve which is reached after a few training examples. Stress is placed on controlling the amount of learned knowledge as opposed to which knowledge. An attempt is also made to relate domain characteristics to the shape of the learning curve.


Most formal rehabilitation facility is furnished in a hospital or center setting, which may not always be conveniently accessible for patients, especially those in geographically isolated areas. Home-based rehabilitation has potential to offer greater accessibility and increase uptake. In addition, rehabilitation exercises participated in a formal setting is sometimes insufficient for the patient's recovery. A constant rehabilitation exercise at home is required to expedite the recovery.One of the main issues is to provide technological support for making home-based rehabilitation offering similar outcomes to hospital-based rehabilitation with an occupational physician presented. This paper presents our development of a Kinect- based system for ensuring home-based rehabilitation (KEHR) using Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm and fuzzy logic. The ultimate goal is to offer assistance for patients to conduct home-based rehabilitation without the presence of a physician and to avoid adverse events.


The low-carbon rural economy is the important constituent of Chinese low-carbon economy.To construct low-carbon socialism new countryside has the vital practical significance.Compare with the city low-carbon economy,countryside low-carbon economy has its particularity.The greenhouse gas emission in countryside has enormous influence to greenhouse gas emissions in the whole world.Along with the rural economy development,the greenhouse gas emission has the rising tendency.To promote the application of low-carbon technology and develop new energy industry of low-carbon,is the basic measure to realize the developing of a low-carbon new socialist countryside,and also is implementing the scientific concept of development of a concrete embodiment.


The BCS-BEC crossover [1, 2, 3] is an exciting phenomenon in Fermionic many-body systems, which connects seemingly distinct two concepts: the condensation of weakly bound Fermion pairs described within the celebrated Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) framework and the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of tightly bound Fermion pairs. The BCS-BEC crossover has been investigated in ultracold atomic gases by virtue of the controllability of the attractive-interaction strength between atoms utilizing the Feshbach resonance [4]; on the other hand, the BCS framework has been applied to most superconductors since the attractive interaction between electrons is typically very weak. Surprisingly, recent experiments [5, 6, 7] have suggested that FeSe and related materials may involve a strong attractive interaction between electrons, which can open up opportunities to explore physical properties, e.g., transport phenomena, magnetic-field effects, and crystal-lattice effects, specific to superconductors with strong attractive interaction. However, a theoretical understanding of such effects is still incomplete, and in this thesis we study magnetic-field and crystal-lattice-structure effects on superconductors with strong attractive interaction. First, we investigate how thermodynamic quantities related to the superconducting fluctuation, which represents precursor phenomena of superconductivity, are influenced by a strong attractive interaction especially under magnetic field [8]. We find that the fluctuation-induced specific heat and diamagnetic susceptibility can be enhanced, and magnetization curves can show a characteristic behavior called crossing. These numerical results are qualitatively consistent with experimental results in FeSe. Second, we explore features of the field-temperature (H-T ) phase diagram of superconductors with strong attractive interaction [9]. We find that the vortex-lattice state, which involves a periodic array of quantized vortices and ubiquitously appears in type-II superconductors under magnetic field, can melt into the vortex-liquid state due to the enhanced superconducting fluctuation. Consequently, the vortex-liquid region, in addition to the preformed-pair region, can be enlarged in the H-T plane in systems with strong attractive interaction. We also point out the expected particle-density dependence of the H-T phase diagram. Lastly, we study how dimensionality can manifest itself in superconductors with strong attractive interaction [10]. We find that the change in dimensionality from three-dimensional