Background and Objectives: The fruits of Garcinia cambogia and Garcinia zeylanica (Family: Clusiaceae), look more like a small yellowish, greenish, or sometimes reddish pumpkin with thin skin and deep vertical lobes. The colour can vary considerably. The dried rinds are used in traditional recipes for cooking in many Southeast Asian countries. Present study was brought up as a physicochemical and phytochemical comparison of fruit rinds of G. cambogia and G. zeylanica. Materials and Methods: Evaluation of physicochemical parameters (in terms of total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, pH and specific gravity) and phytochemical [by screening of secondary metabolites and development of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)] analysis were carried out for both fruit rinds. Results: Total ash, water soluble ash and acid insoluble ash contents were higher in G. cambogia than that of G. zeylanica. The values for pH and specific gravity of G. cambogia water extract were almost same to that of G. zeylanica water extract. Phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids and terpenoids were present in higher amounts in both G. cambogia and G. zeylanica water extracts. There were slight differences in Rf values of G. cambogia (254 nm: 0.07, 0.19, 0.30, 0.48, 0.54, 0.60, 0.73, 0.79, 0.94 and 366 nm: 0.06, 0.19, 0.23, 0.57, 0.66) and G. zeylanica (254 nm: 0.04, 0.11, 0.14, 0.32, 0.42, 0.47, 0.67 and 366 nm: 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.15) TLC fingerprint profiles. Conclusion: There were similarities and as well as differences in between G. cambogia and G. zeylanica in terms of phytochemical and physicochemical parameters.


Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Core Competency Key: PC = Patient Care; MK = Medical Knowledge; PBLI = Practice-Based Learning and Improvement; IC = Interpersonal and Communication Skills; P = Professionalism; SBP = Systems-Based Practice 1 EDUCATIONAL GOALS: 1. Learn the approach to evaluation and management in cases of imminent delivery and the newly born infant including preparation, using maternal and delivery historical factors that indicate potential problems in the newborn. Competencies: MK, PC, SBP, IC 2. Demonstrate knowledge and skill in assessment and management of the newly born infant, and be able to perform advanced neonatal resuscitation according to evidence based national guidelines. Competencies: MK, PC, IC, P, PBLI 3. Demonstrate knowledge and skill in the approach to infants presenting with jaundice including diagnostic evaluation and indications for photo or exchange transfusion therapy using evidence based national guidelines. Competencies: MK, PC, PBLI 4. Demonstrate knowledge about breast feeding methods, breast care and support of mother/baby relationship. Competencies: MK, PC, P, IC, 5. Understand newborn nutritional requirements and chemical content of breast versus formula preparation (protein content) and common feeding problems in the newborn. Competencies: MK, PC 6. Learn to recognize and treat infants with suspected infections, including sepsis, and how to minimize transmission of infection to newborns in the hospital environment. Competencies: MK, PC, IC, P, PBLI


Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with elevated cardiovascular risk, and obesity is a common, modifiable risk factor. Our aims were to assess the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with disease activity in AS patients and to assess the extent to which the effect is mediated through exercise.


The present invention relates to a novel hydrated lamellar plate or liposome comprising any one of polyethyleneimine or a substance which promotes intracellular penetration selected from the following group: i) an aliphatic monoamine in which C10 and C18 are connected by a carbon chain; ii) a cationic polymer, However, at least one fluorescent compound must not be active when intracellular penetration, and such penetration should be visible.  These liposomes are very useful in the field of cosmetics or pharmacy in promoting intracellular penetration of substances or active ingredients. Hydrated lamellar, liposome, fluorescent compound, intracellular penetration


MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression.miRNAs participate in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis and many other biological processes.miRNAs are closely related with the pathogenesis and development of diseases and show tissue-specificity in their expression. More importantly, the expression of certain miRNAs is dysregulated in the pathogenesis and development of diseases. Evaluating miRNAs expression in cells or tissues is needed in almost all the miRNArelated researches. Hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase reaction (RT-PCR) are the mostly used approaches in detecting miRNAs expression.

Key words:
MicroRNAs;  Detection;  Tissue-specific expression;  Expression dysregulation


We show the way how to design and develop the information system using Zigbee technology. First we set the protocol for zigbee tag and reader. And then we give the information system using designed system based on zigbee technology. In this paper, we use MG2455-F48 module as zigbee module.


In this chapter we review research and theory across several different conditions that appear to have in common deficits in impulse control. The unifying themes across these related yet distinct conditions include deficits in inhibition and excesses in reward-seeking, resulting in rule-breaking or norm-violating behavior. The chapter focuses on a select subset of clinical disorders, specifically alcohol use disorders, drug use disorders, and pathological gambling. Discussed for each class of disorders is current research on genetics and models of etiology and/or pathology; more specifically, positive affect regulation, negative affect regulation, pharmacological vulnerability (in the case of substance use disorders), deviance proneness, and (in the case of pathological gambling) cognitive vulnerability.

Keywords:

impulsivity;
disinhibition;
alcohol use disorder;
drug use disorder;
pathological gambling


EDITOR,—We are concerned at David Isaac's recommendation that general practitioners should routinely carry pulse oximeters to aid their assessment of children with bronchiolitis.1 In support of this he cites two …


6.1. Antibacterial activities of poly-o-toluidine based composite exchangers The design and synthesis of new antimicrobial molecules has been of vast interest in recent years because of the increasing number of multidrug resistance developed by the microbes. Currently used antimicrobial agents are futile and antibacterial diseases are very widespread. Various strategies are currently being engaged to develop new antibiotics and to advance the effectiveness of established antimicrobial compounds. A survey of literature reveals that extensive work has been done on many heterocyclic compounds for their antimicrobial activities including both gram positive and gram negative pathogens.


Before both sides of Mainland China and Taiwan could not be comprehensive,directly launching cooperation and communication of logistics,It is very meaningful of strategy and reality to give full play to special superiorities of location and humanity advantage for Fujian to Taiwan,and started first on both sides of logistics cooperation and communication in Fujian.First the necessity of the cross-strait cooperation and exchange of logistics are analyzed.Then the feasibility of launching cross-strait cooperation and communication in Fujian is explained.Finally the objectives of cooperation and exchange of logistics are designed and countermeasures and protection measures are given.


WWW.MDEDGE.COM/DERMATOLOGY A woman in her seventies presented with a painful rash of 3 months' duration, as well as fever, diaphoresis, and arthralgia of 3 weeks' duration. The rash first appeared on the trunk with centrifugal spread to the face, arms, legs, palms, and soles. The patient had a 16-year history of untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Physical examination revealed reddish brown, edematous and indurated, coalescing, circular, 1to 1.5-cm plaques on the face (leading to mild leonine facies), upper back, posterior thighs (top), buttocks (bottom), and palms. The arms, legs, abdomen, and chest also were involved to a lesser extent. The skin was diffusely tender to palpation with no accentuation over the lesions. There was no associated pruritus or lymphadenopathy. The patient was febrile (temperature, 38.4°C). A complete blood cell count with differential and liver function tests were within reference range on laboratory evaluation. Blood cultures were negative for both bacterial and fungal infections and finalized after 5 days. Polymerase chain reaction for ehrlichiosis was negative, and histoplasma and cryptococcal antigens were not detected. Computed tomography revealed a hepatic mass, splenomegaly, diffuse adenopathy, and bilateral pulmonary nodules but no parenchymal disease. Skin biopsies were obtained from the left forearm and forehead. Samples were sent to the National Hansen's Disease (Leprosy) Program given concern for Hansen disease based on her husband's history of prior employment in a leprosy hospital.


Diabetes mellitus was been a global problem that incidence of the disease increasi continuously. It is that needs good handling to avoid complications. Self management is a method that can be used to control the behavior of DM, which benefits to cultivate health and well-being through a variety of activities and skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of diet on behavior Self management of patients with type 2 diabetes. This Research used Quasiexperimental design using pre and post test approach non equivalent group design. The sample consisted of 60 respondents selected by purposive sampling. research showed that the influence of self-management of the behavior of diet DM patients, there was a difference signikan dietary behaviors of patients with DM intervention group before and after self management (p = 0.01) in, the difference between the intervention group and the control group (p = 0:00 ) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Based on the results of this study concluded that self management usefull for patients with type 2 diabetes to control and managing the disease experienced DM.


The purpose of this study is to examine Scobie s divided self in The Heart of the Matter. In most of Graham Green s novels, the protagonist s self is...


The power system self-healing concept needs accurate and reliable fault detection, classification, and location (FDCL). This research proposes a novel and robust FDCL approach for distribution networks (DNs) in proportion to self-healing requirements. The proposed algorithm utilized a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose the measured current and zero sequence current component of only one terminal (substation) to detect and classify all fault types with the identification of the faulted phase (s). The fault location is achieved by integrating DWT and support vector machine (SVM). The data for training were extracted using DWT and collected, and then SVM was trained to locate the faulted section. The simplicity of the applied approach, ignoring DG's data that is merged into the system, reduced training data and time, ability to diagnose all fault types, and high accuracy are the most significant contributions. The proposed techniques are tested on IEEE 33 bus DN with two distributed generation (DG) units, which are simulated in MATLAB. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methods give more accurate and reliable results for diagnosing the faults (FDCL) of various fault sorts, DN size, and resistance levels.


The focus of our presentation is on vocational training and qualification. We will present two innovative service concepts which we have developed in cooperation with (1) the State Government of Rhineland-Palatinate, Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs, Family and Health, and (2) Statutory Accident Insurers in the Federal Republic of Germany. These concepts, first created in 1995 and 1997 respectively and implemented by pebb gmbh, are continuously improved and enhanced. Both concepts concentrate on the vocational reorientation and reintegration of target groups who face special placement obstacles: (1) civilian personnel employed by the armed forces, and (2) rehabilitants and people with health conditions and disabilities. Even though we are not providing education ourselves, we are in close contact with the two pillars of vocational education: vocational training (first vocational training, retraining) and vocational qualification. We help two types of people to find a new job: (1) people who are unemployed despite a vocational training, retraining or qualification, and (2) people who want to find a job based on their existing knowledge and skills first, and who may then receive further employer-specific, on-the-job training. We determine the needs of the labour market (by means of placement activities, trial employments, etc.) and compare them to the job-seeker's characteristics (skills and capabilities, family aspects). If required, we then initiate custom-tailored qualification measures - including vocational training and retraining. During this process we stay in close contact with the cost bearers and educational institutions. Our aim is to integrate (or transfer) individuals sustainably and quickly into the first labour market. That is, vocational qualification measures are not an end in themselves, but the decision on qualification measures and their scope depends upon the situation in the labour market and the individual's skills and needs. In times of increasingly scarce financial resources (e.g. in the social security system), the economic and demand-oriented use of capital becomes ever more important. In both projects we have gained long-term experience with several thousand participants. It shows that even target groups facing considerable placement obstacles can be successfully reintegrated into the labour market if a pragmatic, market-oriented combination of job placement and qualification measures are used.


In the 19th century, foreigners had unprecedented access to Spanish America, as the newly independent nations welcomed travelers as readily as they accepted foreign loans and investment capital. Britons were able to freely travel into the South American interior, and commercial ties between Britain and Latin America grew quickly. Cultural and economic exchanges proceeded in two major waves: the first occurred during and in the immediate aftermath of the Wars of Independence, and then, after a cooling-off period, during the second half of the century, when infrastructural and technological advances opened up the Latin American hinterlands to capitalist expansion. International trade grew after 1850, along with Britain's role in Latin American culture. Britain remained the hegemonic foreign power in Latin America until the First World War. These relationships left their mark on both British and Latin American literatures. In addition to a vast number of travel books about Latin American countries by adventurers, explorers, and tourists, British poets, novelists, philosophers, and historians also drew inspiration from this still relatively unknown territory. Toward the end of the 20th century, Victorian studies began to focus more insistently on British and Latin American exchanges, often making use of historical analyses that interpreted the British-Latin American relationship in terms of dependency theory and world-systems theory. These analyses have generally characterized Britain's enormous economic, cultural, and political influence in terms of informal imperialism, a strategy for establishing domination over a territory without ruling it directly; however, the nature of British imperialism in Latin America, and its implications for cultural analysis, remain much debated. Currently, literary studies of Britain's role in Latin America, and Latin America's role within the British literary imaginary, constitute a large and growing body of scholarship. This bibliographic introduction offers an overview of important texts produced in the 19th century, as well as major currents of scholarship in literary studies and related humanities disciplines.


In order to clarify the effects of early harvesting of rice grains on the taste characteristics of cooked rice, especially on the taste items of "sweetness" and "deliciousness," we compared "early-harvest" rice which was harvested 10 days before the ordinary harvest time and "ordinary-harvest" rice which was harvested at the usual time. From the results of sensory tests, the cooked early-harvest rice was evaluated as being sweeter and more delicious than the cooked ordinary-harvest rice. The greater sweetness in the former rice was primarily due to the formation of glucose, maltose and maltoligosaccharides from starch, probably by starch degradation enzymes during soaking and/or cooking. The cooked early-harvest rice also contained more L-glutamic acid than the cooked ordinary-harvest rice. From these results, it was concluded that when rice is harvested 10 days before the ordinary time of harvesting, the cooked rice will be sweeter and more delicious.


Samples of soil from SH-118 near Study Bute were obtained with a nominal sulfate content of 27,000 ppm. Geotechnical characterization of the soil is highly plastic in nature and consists of 13% (on an average) of soluble components. The chemical characterization in batches indicated sulfate contents of two to three time the nominal value. Specimens of this soil compacted for a Liquidity Index of 50% were subjected to electro-osmosis treatment. The test results indicated a removal rate of 7 mg/day of sulfates after the rate of removal becomes constant. The rate of removal will further decrease to a lower level as more sulfates are removed from the specimen. If this rate can be maintained throughout the treatment process, the completion of the clean up would require several years. This length of time is clearly excessive. Nevertheless, the major problem is posed by the large percentages of soluble components identified in the soil. The removal of all the sulfates would result in the removal of all soluble components. This would result in unallowable increases of the void ratio of the soil.


Possible revisions to the seismic design provisions of the New Zealand concrete design code NZS 3101: 1982 for ductile reinforced concrete moment resisting frames are discussed. Topics include shear reinforcement for beam-column joint cores, anchorage of longitudinal reinforcement passing through beam-column joint cores, and transverse reinforcement in columns for confinement in potential plastic hinge regions of columns. The recommendations are based on recent experimental and theoretical studies of the simulated seismic response of beam-column joints and columns in ductile reinforced concrete frames. Rational models for the evaluation of behaviour are presented.


Confucius,the highest level of personal accomplishment on the aesthetic realm,the Confucian emphasis on ritual indoctrination art education major,he believes the ritual is rooted in Rende cultivation."People rather than benevolence,such as the ceremony why? People rather than benevolence,such as music why not?" Training through the ritual of people's inner character,to promote the aesthetic activities within the principles of ethical,political and moral enlightenment to achieve the function.This is Confucius has been advocating the "ritual indoctrination," the reason why.This kind of "ritual indoctrination" education as the core of traditional art thinking in the long feudal society,has been dominant.


In this thesis, I address the following broad research question: what did it mean to be a disabled Revolutionary War veteran in the early United States during the period from 1776 to roughly 1840? I approach this question from two angles: a state-centred one and an experiential one. In both cases, my theoretical framework comes from disability studies. This means that I view disability as a sociocultural phenomenon rather than a medical condition. The state-centred approach of the study explores the meaning of disability and disabled veterans to the early American state through an examination of the major military pension laws of the period. Based on my analysis of this legislation, particularly the invalid pension acts of 1793 and 1806, I argue that the early United States represents a key period in the development of the modern disability category. The experiential approach, in contrast, shifts the focus of attention away from the state towards the lived experiences of disabled veterans. In doing so, it seeks to address the issue of whether or not the disabilities of disabled veterans had any significant material impact on their everyday lives. It does this through a comparison of the situation of 153 disabled veterans with that of an equivalent number of nondisabled veterans. The former group received invalid pensions while the latter did not. In comparing the material conditions of disabled and nondisabled veterans, I draw on a wide range of primary sources from military records to memoirs and letters. The most important sources in this regard, however, are the pension application papers submitted by veterans in the early nineteenth century. These provide us with a unique insight into the everyday lives of veterans. Looking at the issue of experience through the window of the pension files reveals that there was not much difference in the broad contours of disabled and nondisabled veteran life. This finding has implications for the theorisation of disability that are highlighted and discussed in my thesis. The main themes explored in the study are: the wartime experiences of injured American soldiers, the military pension establishment of the early United States and the legal construction of disability, and the post-war working and family lives of disabled veterans.


In the salts mercury(II) diammino-dichloride and -dibromide the mercury atoms are positionally disordered at room temperature, the disorder being tantamount to that of dimers (the linear NH3—Hg—NH2+3 cations) on a cubic lattice. The heat capacity of the chloride has been measured from 3 to 300 K and that of the bromide from 10 to 300 K, giving the apparent (calorimetric) entropies of the salts at 298.15 K. The true (equilibrium) entropies at the same temperature have been determined by e.m.f. measurements on cells incorporating the complexes in the cell reaction, combined with previous measurements of the heat of solution of gaseous ammonia in the electrolytes used in the cells. A comparison of the entropy values shows that both salts retain entropy, and hence are still disordered, at the absolute zero. The value of the residual entropy for the chloride (considered to be the more accurate of the two) is 12.0 ± 3.0 J K–1 mol–1, and that for the bromide is 20.0 ± 7.5 J K–1 mol–1. These estimates of the residual entropy are briefly considered in the light of theoretical work on the disordered dimer problem. It seems likely that the residual entropy due to the disordered arrangement of the cations is supplemented by some degree of (possibly consequential) orientational disorder of the ammonia molecules.


Metin Gürses,1, ∗ Tahsin Çağrı Şişman,2, † and Bayram Tekin2, ‡ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey (Dated: June 14, 2012) It is a known fact that the Kerr-Schild type solutions in general relativity satisfy both exact and linearized Einstein field equations. We show that this property remains valid also for a special class of the Kerr-Schild metrics in arbitrary dimensions in generic quadratic curvature theory. In addition to the AdS-wave (or Siklos) metric which represents plane waves in an AdS background, we present here a new exact solution, in this class, to the quadratic gravity in D-dimensions which represents a spherical wave in an AdS background. The solution is a special case of the Kundt metrics belonging to spacetimes with constant curvature invariants.


An empirical viscosity vs concentration relation for concentrated polymer solutions is derived in terms of a simple free volume theory, and its applicability is tested with some available data for amorphous polymer+solvent systems. It is found that the derived relation fits well those data over the range of polymer concentrations so concentrated that interchain entanglements occur to form a weak network structure throughout the solution. In the region of relative low polymer concentrations, however, it shows deviation of a common feature from the experimental results. Two temperature‐dependent parameters are contained in the viscosity equation derived; one is characteristic of the polymer species and the other is dependent upon the particular combination of polymer and diluent. These parameters are evaluated from comparisons with experimental data, and their variations with temperature are discussed.


Based on the limit equilibrium theory and the actual situation of expansive soil slope cutting destruction of Nan You Road,reasonable assumption of the slippery surface shape and intensity parameters of the cutting slope is made, local shallow slope stability of the expansive soil slope is analyzed with the impact of the slope of lumbar fracture and depth considered.Analysis shows that the cause for shallow slope damage is mainly that the lumbar slope of the first part of the soil becomes instable and leads to the upper soil loss in traction and support,and it also shows that local loss of stability is most likely to happen in the cut sloping zone of about 2 meters.


Simple Summary The knowledge of the parasite fauna in a given territory is the basis for a successful control. Publications in Germany and abroad showed that muskrats are suitable intermediate hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis, a small tapeworm of red foxes and other carnivores with zoonotic potential. After the first detection of this tapeworm in the Brandenburg state of Germany, research started to investigate the distribution of this parasite in final hosts, but the question of identifying infections in intermediate hosts remained. Introduced more than 100 years ago from north America, muskrats were shown to be suitable intermediate hosts for this parasite. In own investigations, 130 muskrats were examined for internal parasites and eleven endoparasites were found. Examination showed that muskrats trapped in the Barnim district of Brandenburg are final hosts for seven intestinal trematodes and are intermediate hosts for four tapeworms of carnivores. The larval stage of E. multilocularis was not detected. Abstract The muskrat is a neozoon species that has occupied many countries of continental North Europe after its introduction from north America as fur animals. Due to its burrowing activity it damages river and canal banks and structures of flood control. For this reason, the eradication of this alien species is recommended. Muskrats are also of parasitological interest since they can act as suitable intermediate hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis. On the other hand, little is known on the other helminths that infect muskrats. A total of 130 muskrats of different age groups trapped in different habitats in the Barnim district of the Brandenburg state by a professional hunter were examined for parasites and seven trematodes (Echinostoma sp., Notocotylus noyeri, Plagiorchis elegans, Plagiorchis arvicolae, Psilosostoma simillimum, P. spiculigerum, Opisthorchis felineus and four larval cestode species (Hydatigera taeniaeformis, Taenia martis, Taenia polyacantha, Taenia crassiceps) were detected. Larval stages of E. multilocularis were not found. O. felineus was found for the first time in muskrats in Germany. All the named parasites were present in Europe prior to the introduction of muskrats. With a prevalence of 48.9%, Strobilocercus fasciolaris, the larval stage of the cat tapeworm, H. taeniaeformis, was the most frequent parasite found in adult muskrats.


This paper illustrates an approach to improving the user perceived QoS in heterogeneous networks through the use of a two layered optimization. The top layer views the problem of prediction of the network that would be chosen by a user where the criteria are offered bit rate, price, mobility support and reputation. At the second level, conditional on the strategies chosen by the users, the network operator hypothetically, reconfigures the network, subject to the network constraints of bandwidth and acceptable SNR and optimizes the network coverage to support users who would otherwise not be serviced adequately. This forms an iterative cycle until a solution that optimizes the user satisfaction subject to the adjustments that the network operator can make to mitigate the binding constraints, is found. The process is illustrated through a simple example using a Wi-Fi and a WiMAX network.


Parameters for measuring the physical properties on this research are divided into three elements, including measurement of weight, water absorption, and density. This research was conducted from January to March 2018 to determine the physical properties of wood powder composites and bagasse. The manufacturing and testing process refers to the ASTM and JIS standards. Weight and density testing refer to the ASTM D 792 standard while the water absorption test refers to the JIS A5908 standard. The results showed that the density of wood powder was 0.4175 gr / cm3, and the bagasse was 0.3125 gr / cm3. Then, fiber absorption in units of volume to water and resin were 16.88% and 13.75% respectively. The results showed that the largest water absorption was found in composite wood powder 60% and bagasse 40%, which was 13.47%, and for the highest density values found in wood powder composites as much as 80% or 1,078.29 kg / m3


Hypothesis / aims of study Urodynamic studies are considered the gold standard to diagnose bladder outlet obstruction. Several arguments favor the performance of urodynamic evaluation prior to surgery. However, the procedure is invasive, expensive and time-consuming. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new minimal invasive urodynamic assessment model and compare the results with those of conventional urodynamic evaluation. Study design, materials and methods Fifty consecutive male patients with complaints of LUTS were included in this study. The mean age was 62 (ranged from 34 to 82). All patients underwent conventional and minimal invasive urodynamic studies. The minimal invasive urodynamic evaluation was done using a urethral device specially designs to be adapted to the urethral meatus and fossa navicularis, had a side opening to connect the pressure transducer and the other end free for the release of urine/saline solution (Fig.1). The patient was instructed on how to introduce the device in the fossa navicularis and gently presses it to avoid loss of urine. During voiding, the patient was oriented to interrupt the flow with a digital maneuver that simply blocked the end (region 3) of the urethral device. Interrupted urine flow (Qinter) and isometric bladder pressure (Piso) were registered using this technique. Since noninvasive urodynamic assessment is a method based on continuous variables (pressure and flow), a classification function was developed. This function is based on logistic regression. All the enrolled patients were evaluated by both methods. The Abrams-Griffiths method was taken as the golden standard. We tried to find a function of minimal invasive data to approximate (i.e. to classify) as close as possible to the golden standard classification. All computations were done with SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC), version 8.2. Results The significance level for a null hypothesis was p=0.049. In the conventional urodynamic study, 21 patients were classified obstructed, 20 equivocal and nine normal according the Abrams-Griffiths number. The urethral devices used in the minimal invasive urodynamic evaluation did not cause pain during the procedure. Leakage occurred between the urethra and the device in two cases, which required the exam to be repeated. The significance levels of Piso and Qinter parameters were p=0.007 and p=0.008 respectively. Using the highest estimated probability-grouping model, sensitivity was 67% and specificity was 79%. When individuals classified as obstructed (if the corresponding probability was more than 50%) were compared with the Abrams-Griffiths number diagnosis, it was observed that of 21 patients with obstruction, 13 were identified by the noninvasive method. In order to check if abdominal pressure could have an influence on the results, the statistical analysis was repeated using the following parameters: Piso, Pabd and Qinter. A comparison between the conventional assessment and minimal invasive (using the parameters Piso, Pabd, Qinter) in relation to the results of the obstructed patients are as follows: of the 21 patients who presented obstruction, the noninvasive urodynamic assessment identified 14 who were really obstructed. It was observed that when Pabd was added to the statistical analysis, one more patient was identified as obstructed. Interpretation of results The pressure that has to be applied against the urethra so that urine loss is avoided is enough to keep it well inserted and does not cause pain. The probability of a urinary infection due to the use of the urethral device is low because it is introduced only up to the fossa navicularis. Other techniques of non-invasive urodynamic evaluation have troubles reported like elasticity in the condom catheter and different types of material and size of the penile cuff may registered a higher isometric pressure (1,2). These inconveniences were not observed in the urethral device, although we considered this technique minimally invasive. The results obtained using the urethral device to diagnose BOO revealed 67% sensitivity and 79% specificity. These results were similar to those reported by other authors, in which the condom catheter noninvasive urodynamic assessment was used to correctly diagnose 77% of the patients who presented obstruction (3). It is important to underscore the fact that 25.3% of the patients in that study were excluded from the analysis due to problems such as urine loss between the condom and penis (thirteen), faulty records (three), discomfort (two) and the inability to urinate (one patient). None of the patients using the urethral device were excluded because of technical problems. Concluding message The urethral device proved to be simple and easy to use. The minimal invasive method was able to detect the most patients with bladder outlet obstruction, thus the conventional urodynamic assessment can be avoided, reducing its morbidity as well as costs. References 1 J. Urol (2004) 171: 12-19. 2 J. Urol (2001) 166: 2545-49. 3 Neurourol Urodyn (2002) 21: 117-25.


Electromagnetic inverse scattering based permittivity profile estimation is one of the most promising techniques for object imaging and material characterization today. Electromagnetic scattering tomography at the microwaves and THz frequency range is ideal for medical imaging since all parts of the human body are naturally non-magnetic and dielectric, and millimeter and sub-millimeter waves can penetrate inside dielectrics. However, because electromagnetic inverse scattering problems are ill-conditioned and ill-posed, electromagnetic inverse scattering has not yet been successfully implemented in many potential application areas, particularly clinical imaging. This dissertation presents a new formulation, a novel concept, and an effective implementation procedure to alleviate these problems and hopefully shorten the gap between the current state-of-the-art and real application adaptation as well as to improve the electromagnetic inverse scattering technique in general. This dissertation presents a new formulation of the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem based on a discrete modal analysis. This was achieved by projecting the scattered electric field and the volume equivalent current source (VECS) into a subspace spanned by the singular vectors obtained from the spatial Green's function of the near-field scattering tomography (NFST) system representation. Differentiating between the significant singular values and the less significant ones is an important step. The scattered electric field coefficients are bounded and stable, while the VECS coefficients are not stable in the new subspaces since the singular values of the Green's function modal representation start decaying very rapidly beyond a certain threshold. Minimizing the mean square error of the estimated scattered electric field or the estimated permittivity profile is used to find the threshold. The singular vectors above the threshold are considered as the radiating


The Cohn cold ethanol plasma fractionation system, developed in the late 1940s, is still the basis for plasma fractionation practices in the United States today. Plasma is obtained by plasmapheresis, salvaged from fresh or outdated whole blood, or is extracted from human placentas to produce five types of clinical products of proven efficacy and safety. Despite the recognized advantages and current entrenchment of the Cohn fractionation system and its partial solution of the hepatitis problem, new developments could improve the present practice. Improved salvage of useful proteins from fractions that are currently discarded must be strongly supported. (JAMA230:247-250, 1974)


In recent years, flipped learning has received an increasing emphasis; it stresses that students can memorize and understand the knowledge through the instructional video recorded by teachers before the class, and hence more time is available for students to practice, apply knowledge and discuss in class. However, watching instructional video is one way behavior, there is no interaction between learner and learning system, so learner may lost his/her attention after a period of time. Therefore, in this study, an interactive video lectures was proposed for developing a new flipped learning system. To examine the effectiveness of the proposed approach, an experiment was conducted in a math learning activity in an elementary school. The participants were two classes of 49 fifth graders. One classes was assigned to the experimental group, while the other was the control group. The students in the experimental group used the flipped learning mode with interactive video lectures, while those in the control group learned with the conventional flipped learning mode. The results show that students who learned with the flipped learning mode with interactive video lectures performed better in comprehension and retention of mathematics than the control group.


Certificateless public key cryptography (CL-PKC) is an important type of public key cryptography, which effectively solves the inherent key escrow problem in identity based public key cryptography while keeps its certificate-free property. As the adversarial models in CL-PKC are relatively complex, designing efficient and secure certificate less encryption schemes in the standard model has been an interesting and challenging research topic. In this paper, we give cryptanalysis to an existing certificate less encryption scheme in the standard model. We show its insecurity by demonstrating two kinds of attacks.


The National Ignition Facility (NIF) will have a large The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is potentially a suite of sophisticated target diagnostics. This will allow very valuable national resource. In addition to the laser-thoroughly diagnosed experiments to be performed both a t target chamber construction, there are other important steps the ignition and pre-ignition levels , As part of the national that must be accomplished for the NIF to reach its full effort Los Alamos National Laboratory will design, potential. These include: (1) the investigation and testing construct and implement a number of diagnostics for the of new measurement techniques and experimental concepts NIF. This paper describes Los Alamos contributions to the that will be needed for the NIF experiments. (2) the design, "phase 1 diagnostics." Phase 1 represents the most construction and testing of a large ',: ' .riety of diagnostic fundamental and basic measurement systems that will form instruments for target experiments that must be compatible the core for most work on the NIF. with the intensive blast, debris and radiation environments expected from the new high-energy laser beam facility. The Los Alamos effort falls into four categories:


In consideration of the modern idea of reptation, it is proposed that the rate of termination is proportional to n−1/2(n=chain length) when n is less than a critical chain length nc, but the rate is proportional to n−2 when n>nc. The molecular weight in terms of the gel effect is calculated by using such a rate. This molecular weight fits sufficiently to the experimental molecular weight obtained previously in a radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate. Further, the rate constant of termination between small polymer radicals is discussed by the free volume theory.


Decimal multiplication is important in many commercial applications including financial analysis, banking, tax calculation, currency conversion, insurance, and accounting. We present two novel designs for fixed-point decimal multiplication that utilize decimal carry-save addition to reduce the critical path delay. First, a multiplier that stores a reduced number of multiplicand multiples and uses decimal carry-save addition in the iterative portion of the design is presented. Then, a second multiplier design is proposed with several notable improvements including fast generation of multiplicand multiples that do not need to be stored, the use of decimal (4:2) compressors, and a simplified decimal carry-propagate addition to produce the final product. When multiplying two n-digit operands to produce a 2n-digit product, the improved multiplier design has a worst-case latency of n+4 cycles and an initiation interval of n+1 cycles. Three data-dependent optimizations, which help reduce the multipliers' average latency, are also described. The multipliers presented can be extended to support decimal floating-point multiplication.


Development of technology allows access to information becomes an easy thing to do. Along the way, the majority of agencies, both private and government, have an adequate source of information in the form of website applications. The use of website applications is growing in terms of access to information. It is not unusual that access to the current library catalog more uses an information system. The problem arises when the number of library catalogs that can be accessed but still separate, in the sense of having to move from one website to another website to access the catalog. The existence of web service technology is a solution to connect access one website application with another website. In this research, the library catalog access is integrated. The library is a case study of the library of Semarang City and Central Java Regional Library. The method used in this research is a light RESTful method in resource consumption so that it can be more efficient. The catalog integration application has been successfully built using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. Evaluation results show the application has been built, have a satisfactory performance, easy to use, useful and the majority of users are satisfied to use the application.


Multidisciplinary team meetings or tumor boards (TBs) form a pivotal component of oncology practice. The crux of a TB revolves around making treatment decisions based on succinct head and neck cancer (HNC) patient data presentations, which can be challenging and complex. Apart from meticulous TB presentations, discussions and treatment plan documentation is equally important. The aim of this study was to structure an electronic synoptic TB data presentation to address all these areas. The overarching benefits of systematic TB data collection include facilitating audits and research.


As the computer network has evolved to provide the user many services, the attacks on these networks to disrupt the services and to gain access to resources has also evolved. New entities in form of services, hardware, network protocols etc. are being added to the network, which is leading to new ways to attack the network. The complexity of the system is increasing so fast that it is becoming increasingly difficult for network administrator to comprehend the situation and react in an appropriate manner. Situation becomes more complex as there is not uniform terminology. Though serious efforts in form of Common Vulnerability Enumeration (CVE), Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE), Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification(CAPEC) etc. has been made, still a long way is to go. In this paper we model a computer network by modelling its components i.e. hardware, software, services using ontology. Also vulnerabilities and attacks on these computers are modelled. We populate our ontology with various instances of vulnerabilities, CVSS scores, attacks and possible services in the network. Knowledge representation methods are used in order to provide Description Logic reasoning and inference over network security status concept. Secondly we propose an ontology based system which predicts probable attacks using inference and information provided by the environment. Results show that proposed method is scalable for large systems and also flexible to incorporate new evolutions in the field of study.


Summary. The paper presents a theoretical study of the calculation of electric field induced in vicinity of an overhead current carrying conductor. Exact method of the determination of the induced electric field bases on the Fourier transform technique, whereas a simplified method uses the concept of complex ground return plane. As an example the induced electric field under a power line conductor is calculated.


Monolithic integration of semiconductor optical devices requires the development of laser sources with feedback mechanisms other than cleaved cavities and with little influence of the output termination on the lasing action. We have been looking into both circular and polygonal ring resonant waveguide structures to be used as laser cavities, where the need for high quality mirrors is eliminated [1,2]. A variety of ring configurations, between 10 and 100μm in diameter have been succesfully formed in GaAs/GaAlAs material, coupled to the output stripe waveguides either directionally or via a Y–junction. Both ring and output waveguides needed pumping. A rib waveguide configuration was chosen to maximise light confinement and minimize bending loss at small cavity circumferences [3,4] (fig.1). Some of the structures use stress– and carrier confinement on the inner side of the ring.


A special waveform of CCD being irradiated by intense laser is explained and simulated. Its specialty is that reference level is altered and becomes equal with saturated data level, which can answer for CCD's black video induced by laser and named as excessive saturation effect. Alteration of reference level has been explained by signal charges injection into the measuring well during reference time. In CCD, wells barriers are largely lower than channel stop. After that all transfer wells are crammed, many remained signal charges getting rid of clock's control can be hold in channel, and move along it in thermal diffusion and self-induced drift. They can fill up the measuring well ahead of clock's permission and alter reference level to saturated data level. Based on the explanation, the waveform is simulated on an equivalent circuit of CCD's charge measurement structure, which is built on the platform of Multisim2001. The voltage sources and switches are used to manipulate the charge and discharge of a capacitor, which simulates the charge injection and resetting of measuring well. The clocks controlling switches represent the injection and reset clocks in CCD. To simulate clock's impact on output, other capacitor is used to connect it to capacitor that represents the measuring well. The equivalent circuit is validated by the simulated normal waveform. Then, altering the clock and charging the capacitor ahead, the excessive saturation waveform is simulated, which validates the explanation to excessive saturation effect.


An experimental determination was made of the anisotropy of the increment in the refractive index of LiNbO3:Ti waveguides and the process of second harmonic generation in channel LiNbO3:Ti waveguides was analyzed. The phase matching angles and the overlap integrals of the interacting modes were calculated as a function of the refractive index increment and of the depth and width of the waveguide.


ASP(alkali/surfactant/polymer) compound flooding is one of the main stimulation in the future. The deep profile control technology plays important role in ASP compound flooding. The ASP compound flooding deep profile control technology was studied, through the research on the dynamic variation features of ASP compound flooding profile control well in different development stage, the results showed that the development effect and EOR were different in different stage. This article provided technical support and theoretical basis for deep profile control treatment in every production stage.


Mimotopes provide an alternative to natural T cell epitopes for cancer immune therapy, as they can recruit and stimulate T cell repertoires that deviate from the repertoires engaged with the tumor and exposed to disease‐related immune suppression. Here, mimotopes of a shared tumor‐associated T cell epitope in cutaneous lymphoma were tested for their capacities to induce clinical and immunological responses in cancer patients. The mimotope sequences had been determined by a combinatorial peptide library approach without knowledge of the corresponding natural tumor‐associated antigen. Vaccination with these mimotopes together with helper T cell‐inducing antigens led to complete tumor remission in the two patients tested. After each booster vaccination, enhanced frequencies of mimotope‐specific CD8+ T cells were detected in the peripheral blood of the patients, and the CTL proved to be cytotoxic and tumoricidal when tested in vitro. These data provide a first indication of clinical efficacy of mimotopes in cancer patients.


16 Colon cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Although several molecular 17 biomarkers have been developed for colon cancer, more sensitive and specific 18 methods are needed for its early detection. The TKS4 and CD2AP scaffold proteins 19 have been linked to dynamic actin assembly-related processes, such as cell 20 migration and metastasis, although their co-instructive role during colon cancer 21 development remains unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the 22 TKS4-interacting proteins and to investigate the role of the newly discovered TKS4- 23 interacting CD2AP adaptor protein in colon cancer. Furthermore, we studied the 24 interdependence of TKS4 and CD2AP during colon cancer progression as well as 25 their involvement in EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition). This is the first study 26 demonstrating a TKS4-CD2AP protein-protein interaction in vitro and in vivo. We 27 describe that CD2AP and TKS4 interdependently inhibit a mesenchymal transition- 28 like process and impair the migration ability of HCT116 colon cancer cells. Here we 29 show that CD2AP is a novel TKS4 interacting partner, and together they form a 30 scaffold complex that potentially regulates EMT-related signalling. Based on our 31 analysis of the relative TKS4 and CD2AP expression levels, we propose that their 32 levels might cooperatively serve as a reliable biomarker for colon cancer detection. 33


Weather modification operation is important for Olympic Games, agriculture, environment and ecology etc. in China. Suitable weather background is required for this task. The atmospheric conditions can be obtained by dual-polarization weather radar which measuring and evaluating operation variables and has been developed. Such a magnetron radar is with advance of high radiation power, simple structure, small volume and light weight, its transmitter, receiver and signal processors can be put and fixed on the antenna elevation platform, can be omitted the influence of amplitude and phase fluctuation caused by the azimuth and elevation rotation joints. And the modern digital receiver and signal processor technologies making coherence on received and the radar detection performance perfect are employed to cancel the random initial phase and reject the slow frequency drifting for magnetron transmitter. Such a magnetron x band dual-linear polarization weather surveillance radar, so call MaXPol, has been built and installed in Weining County, Guizhou province in China at the end of August 2019. For some operation, several times of rainfall and small hail observations have been obtained. By analyzing the echoes it is shown that the polarization variables are good corresponding to those weather processes. The MaXPol radar with easy operation, accuracy data and effective application has been accepted for their weather modification operation.


Stochastic monoids and stochastic congruences are introduced and the syntactic stochastic monoid M L associated to a subset L of a stochastic monoid M is constructed. It is shown that M L is minimal among all stochastic epimorphisms h : M → M ′ whose kernel saturates L. The subset L is said to be stochastically recognizable whenever M L is finite. The so obtained class is closed under boolean operations and inverse morphisms.


An algorithm to find the coefficients of the s -polynomial D(s) = |H(s)| is obtained, where H(s) is an arbitrary s -polynomial square matrix. The algorithm, based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT), is of an order of magnitude faster than existing methods.


Through the literatures and investigation,the basic situation of aquatic plants in the lakes and important rivers were sorted out in Suqian area.Some dominant aquatic plants were put forward.Using concerned submerged plants,experiment on repairing the aquatic ecosystem in the dredging river was carried out,and the aborted reasons were analyzed.


This research is based because of the aggressive behavior shown by the students, especially students who come from a broken home. The purpose of this study is to describe the aggressive behavior that is owned by a student who comes from a broken home in terms of attacking people physically, verbally, and damaging and destroying property and wealth of others. The results of this research shows that in general student's aggressivebehavior are on average level. Implications of research in guidance and counseling is as the basis for programs to prevent and cope with aggressive behavior that is owned by the students, especially students who come from a broken home. Cooperation with the homeroom teacher mentors, teachers and other school personnel will also help identify students who have an aggressive behavior, especially students who come from a broken home to immediately provided services.


[Mon90] J. Montero. Single-peakedness in weighted aggregation of fuzzy opinions in a fuzzy group. In J. [Mon92] J. Montero. Fuzzy rationality as a basis for group decision making. [Ovc90] S. Ovchinnikov. Means and social welfare function in fuzzy binary relation spaces. In J. Kacprzyk and M. Fedrizzi, editors, Multiperson decision making using fuzzy sets and possibility theory, pages 143{154. Kluwer, 1990. In this paper a welfare oriented approach (similar to Arrow's model) has been developed, but not a decision oriented one. Real democratic problems are more related to decision making problems, and in this case an analysis of the stability of the nal decision should also be included (see for example [Mon90]). In any case, by using fuzzy preference relations, we have been able not only to avoid Arrow's paradox but also other similar restrictive results in the fuzzy context (see [FF75] and also [Mon85, Mon88a]). Moreover, it has been shown how the problem of negative indierence can be modeled within the fuzzy preferences framework, just dropping out the assumption of completeness. In fact, it is suggested a natural way of dealing with dislike of proposed alternatives and therefore a measure of their support. Critical levels of such a support should be previously dened depending on the characteristic of the alternatives and their social signicance. [Mon85] J. Montero. A note on fung-fu's theorem. 11 Our problem is to obtain for each pair of alternatives a social support value to be evaluated from individual preferences. This problem is therefore analogous to the previous aggregation problem, and since both problems are dealing with intensity values, they should be solved in a coherent way. Let us rst describe a representation result related with aggregation rules.


©1999–2004 CHOICES. All rights reserved. Articles may be reproduced or electronically distributed as long as attribution to Choices and the American Agricultural Economics Association is maintained. Choices subscriptions are free and can be obtained through http://www.choicesmagazine.org. Carbon sequestration has attracted the interest of researchers, energy industry participants, policy makers, forest producers, and farmers. Forest and farm producers have a special interest in whether such actions will increase their income. This paper explores that prospect in the context of the current and near-term future in the United States. In particular, we address key issues relevant to the question: Can farmers or forest owners make some money from carbon sequestration? These issues include the policy options that could stimulate carbon sequestration, the types of participants in a greenhouse gas (GHG) offsets/carbon market, and the existing status of sequestration-based income prospects.


We communicate here a tight binding theoretical model study of the band filling effect on the charge gap in graphene-on-substrate. The Hamiltonian consists of nearest neighbor electron hopping and substrate induced gap. Besides this the Coulomb interaction is considered here within mean-field approximation in the paramagnetic limit. The electron occupancies at two sublattices are calculated by Green's function technique and are solved self consistently. Finally the charge gap i.e. Δ¯=U[ 〈 na 〉−〈 nb 〉 ] is calculated and computed numerically. The results are reported.


With no doubt, all refugees and immigrants staying in camps are suffering for many reasons. Every individual who lives in camps under poverty and stressful situation everywhere on earth is suffering. This is something that happens in Greek camps as well. Among individuals who stay at camps women experience the greatest danger. They are at great risk as they may be victims of rapes, as they stay for hours alone at containers looking after the "housekeeping" and children nurturing, as they live in fear and danger for many reasons. Within this framework, communication and publicity of hazard situation that exists in the camps is considered the last hope for addressing internal violence against refugee and immigrant women's staying there. Communication and publicity of the particular problem may wake up those who are responsible for this situation and the defense of human rights. They have to do all necessary for the sooner and best resolution of this mess. Article visualizations:


Weld line detection is essential to achieve non-destructive inspection automation. Due to the irregularity and the lack of topological information of the point cloud, it is hard to effectively detect the weld line from the 3D weld point cloud. This research investigates a novel method by using the depth map of point cloud to achieve high precision weld line detection of 3D weld point clouds captured by a RealSense depth camera. First, the depth map of the welding height is obtained, which effectively solves the problem caused by the point cloud disorder. Then, based on different welding line extraction algorithms, the detection performance of the algorithm is effectively optimized. Experimental results show that the predicted distance accuracy is 0. 69mm, and the angle accuracy is 0.99 degree. The final weld line extraction method is a random sampling consensus algorithm (RANSAC) based on second-order polynomial function.


in a proportional font in a way that often results in ugly syntax like a < -sum(x) instead of a <sum(x). Also, compound statements such as function definitions are mostly not indented, and the output although properly formatted in a fixed width ("typewriter") font, shows an extraneous space in lines like [1 ] 0.158. All the graphics—it is nice that there are many—have been imported as bitmaps (rather than "vector") graphics, giving rise to unnecessary staircase effects (p. 30 and many more) or blurring (p. 264) with inferior quality. In summary, the book contains some very good concepts, but there are aspects which could have been elaborated more effectively as has been done in the given references carrying very similar titles.


This paper introduces the problem of association rules mining and proposes a new mining method based on the hybrid ant colony algorithm. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the ant colony algorithm, and ultimately a group of perfect com- bination of the parameters is determined, so the operational performance of the algorithm is improved. The test results demonstrate that the method can solve association rules mining effectively.


Previously we have shown that a four-dimensional Kerr—Bolt black hole in non-extremal and also in extremal cases could be described by a holographic two-dimensional (2D) conformal field theory (CFT) [Ghezelbash A M, Kamali V and Setare M R 2010 Phys. Rev. D 82 124051; Setare M R and Kamali V 2010 JHEP 10 074]. Motivated by recent work [Chen C M, Huang Y M, Sun J R, Wu M F and Zou S J 2010 Phys. Rev. D 82 066004], we show that there is another holographic description for these black holes. The first description is called the J-picture, whose construction is based on the black hole angular momentum. The new description is called the Q-picture, whose constructions originate from the nut charge of the black hole. Similar to the previous cases [Ghezelbash A M, Kamali V and Setare M R 2010 Phys. Rev. D 82 124051; Setare M R and Kamali V 2010 JHEP 10 074], we show that this new picture for a low frequency limit of the wave equation of a massless charged scalar field in the background of a Kerr—Bolt black hole can be written as the Casimir of SL(2, R) symmetry. Our result shows that the entropy of the black hole is reproduced by the Cardy formula. In addition, the absorption cross section is consistent with the finite temperature absorption cross section for a two-dimensional CFT.


The cascaded multilevel convertor has the following advantages: simple structure, less harmonic, and less switching loss. It also can easily achieve high voltage and large power capacity. However, due to the structure of cascaded, the number of the device increases with the increment of capacity, meanwhile the reliability of the system reduces. Based on the cascaded multilevel systems possible failures and the characteristic of carrier phase shift modulation, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method suitable for the cascaded multilevel system. Firstly, the paper introduces the basic principle of the proposed approach, and then it deduces the major implementation steps, finally the correctness and reliability of the method are validated by the simulation.


Cytec Industries has been supplying hydrate flocculants to the alumina industry for over 20 years. In order to broaden and improve upon the hydrate flocculant product line, Cytec has launched a dextran-based hydrate flocculant series to the alumina industry: CYFLOC HF2220, CYFLOC HF-1110, and CYFLOC HF-222. These products are high molecular weight dextran-based flocculants that have been demonstrated to be extremely effective at flocculating and settling hydrate in the classification stage of the Bayer process. In addition, these flocculants substantially improve the rheology of the settled hydrate. This paper presents the laboratory performance test results of the new CYFLOC HF series products applied in the hydrate slurry of the classification stage of an alumina refinery. The results indicate that by applying these products, it is possible to achieve up to 90 % performance improvement when compared with commercially available dextran-based flocculants.


In this work, we report the experimental results obtained on a set of ∼90 nm thick FeRh epitaxial films deposited on MgO (001), MgO (111), and Al2O3 (0001) single crystal substrates. The magnetic characterization was achieved by measuring magnetization curves and ferromagnetic resonance as a function of temperature and orientation of the films with respect to the applied magnetic field. We discuss our results by comparing the characteristics of the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition among FeRh films of the same thickness but exposed to different post-growth annealings and deposited on substrates of different crystalline orientations. We have found that there is a correlation between the strain present in the films and their magnetic behavior, observing that a change in the in-plane stress from compressive to tensile tends to shift the magnetic transition by more than 60 K. The interplay between magnetic and elastic properties was further analyzed by ferromagnetic resonance, and we have found that the magnetoelastic component of the anisotropy varies from out-of-plane to in-plane, depending on the substrate. These findings could be of great importance if a precise tuning of the magnetic transition temperature or the magnetic anisotropy is needed for a specific application.In this work, we report the experimental results obtained on a set of ∼90 nm thick FeRh epitaxial films deposited on MgO (001), MgO (111), and Al2O3 (0001) single crystal substrates. The magnetic characterization was achieved by measuring magnetization curves and ferromagnetic resonance as a function of temperature and orientation of the films with respect to the applied magnetic field. We discuss our results by comparing the characteristics of the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition among FeRh films of the same thickness but exposed to different post-growth annealings and deposited on substrates of different crystalline orientations. We have found that there is a correlation between the strain present in the films and their magnetic behavior, observing that a change in the in-plane stress from compressive to tensile tends to shift the magnetic transition by more than 60 K. The interplay between magnetic and elastic properties was further analyzed by ferromagnetic resonance, and we have found that ...


Tennessee reported 244 exploratory wells and 148 development wells in 1982 compared with 188 exploratory wells and 128 development wells in 1981. Exploratory wells resulted in 63 oil wells, 92 gas wells, 9 oil and gas wells, and 81 dry holes, a success rate of 67%. Development wells were 93% successful. Production in 1982 was 1,122,000 bbl of oil, 23.4% more than in 1981, and 2.98 bcf of gas, 75% more than in 1981. Illinois reported 3,003 oil and gas tests in 1982, 4.4% less than in 1981. Exploratory tests numbered 648, down 2.6%; the success rate was 19.4%. The drilling rate and objectives in Indiana are not expected to change greatly in 1983. Most of the drilling is expected to take place in Mississippian rocks in the Indiana part of the Illinois basin. Estimated oil production in 1982 was 5,563,000 bbl, an increase of 842,000 bbl from 1981. In Kentucky, 6,604 permits were issued in 1982, an increase of 24% over 1981. Reported completions totaled 3,177, an increase of 89.8%. Of the total completions, 1,585 were producers up 86.3% from 1981), a success rate of 49.9% There were 887 exploratory tests drilled (up 79.9% from 1981), and the successmore » rate was 27.62%. Discoveries included 8 oil fields, 5 gas fields, 17 oil pools, 10 gas pools, 28 deeper oil pools, 17 deeper gas pools, 11 shallower oil pools, and 1 shallower gas pool.« less


July is an interesting month for disease scouting. This article discusses some soybean diseases you may see during scouting this month. Rhizoctonia root rot and Phytophthora root rot continue to be problems in some soybean fields.Rhizoctonia damping-off was more prevalent this year than in other years based on samples submitted to the ISU Plant Disease Clinic and reports from field staff. Following application of herbicides for weed control, many samples examined showed root rot resulting from fungi-herbicide interactions. Check ICM articles from spring 2001 issues for management information on these diseases.


The most important insight behavioral economists have brought to the economic analysis of law is that the human mind is imperfect. This general conclusion, which followed from their research, has resulted in a reduction in the importance of personal responsibility in one's life, which eventually became the basic assumption in the economic analysis of law. Legal scholars have therefore recommended that governments limit, particularly with respect to contracts, people's' freedom of bargaining on contract terms,. This paper examines the concept of personal control and the freedom of contract from several perspectives, arguing that the answer to the question of how much control a person should obtain upon entering into a contract cannot be resolved by the current narrow usage of psychology by behavioral economists. The author will demonstrate that the current analysis ignores many of the emotional and cognitive aspects of freedom of contract, such as process control, commitment, procedural justice and improved information processing. Drawing from quasi-normative literature on therapeutic jurisprudence and the psychology of procedural justice on one hand, and hedonic psychology and motivational psychology on the other, herein is presented a more comprehensive approach to the freedom of contract than behavioral economists have previously allowed for. Doctoral student, Jurisprudence and Social Policy Program, Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California, Berkeley. This article is based on a seminar paper written under the supervision of Prof. Christina Masalch, in the Psychology Dept. UC, Berkeley. The author would like to thank Professor Melvin Eisenberg and Professor Malcolm Feeley for their comments on the previous drafts of this article. The author would also like to thank Prof. A.J Stephani, and Ms. Nancy Hark, Editor-In-Chief and the entire staff of the Touro Law Review for their help. 1 Feldman: Control or Security Published by Digital Commons @ Touro Law Center, 2015 504 TOURO LAW REVIEW [Vol 18 INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 506 I. FREEDOM OF CONTRACT AND HUMAN RATIONALITY ........ 510 A. THE LIMITS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL JURISPRUDENCE ......................................... 515 B. THE DISPUTE CONCERNING FREEDOM OF CONTRACT .............................................. 517 i. Classical Normative Treatment of the Importance of the Freedom of Contract ........................ 517 ii. The Rise or Fall of the Freedom of C ontract .............................................. 518 iii. Atiyah's Claim ..................................... 520 C. THE ACTIVE ROLE OF COURTS IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTS ............................................. 523 i. The Threat to Individual's Sense of Control from Courts' Active Role in Interpreting and Enforcing Contracts, Implied Meaning and Good Faith... 523 ii. Unconscionability ................................... 527 iii. The Decline in Actual Use of Bargained C ontracts ............................................ 529 II. THE ADVANTAGES IN INCREASING THE PERCEIVED FREEDOM OF CONTRACT FROM A SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ............................ 530 A. PERCEIVED CONTROL OF CONTRACTS AND WELL B EIN G ........................................................ 531 B. MENTAL REPRESENTATION AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CONTRACTING PROCESS ............................. 533 C. SENSE OF CONTROL AND ACTUAL C ONTROL .................................................... 535 D. FREEDOM OF CONTRACT AND PERSONAL COMMITMENT ............................................. 536 E. FREEDOM OF CONTRACT AND PROCEDURAL JU STICE ...................................................... 539 i. Moderating Factors Between Control and WellB eing .... ............................................... 540 ii. Individual Differences and the Benefit from Perceived Control .................. .....543 2 Touro Law Review, Vol. 18 [2015], No. 3, Art. 8 http://digitalcommons.tourolaw.edu/lawreview/vol18/iss3/8 2002 CONTROL OR SECURITY 505 F. WOULD THERAPEUTIC JURISPRUDENCE SUPPORT GREATER CONTROL OVER THE CONTRACTING PROCESS? ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544 Il. Is CONTROL A GOOD THING FOR EVERYONE? POSSIBLE LIMITATIONS TO THE PSYCHOLOGICAL VALUE OF PERCEIVED CONTROL ...................................... 547 A. REGRET AVERSION ........................................ 548 B. THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED CONTROL ON W ELL-BEING ............................................. 549 C. THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN FREEDOM TO BARGAIN AND FREEDOM TO ENFORCE: IS CONTROL A NEED FOR AUTONOMY OR A NEED FOR POWER? . . . . . . . . ... . . . 551 IV. SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION: FRAMEWORK FOR FUTURE RESEARCH ................................................... 552 A. FACTORS FOR CONSIDERATION ........................... 552 i. Hot Biases vs. Cold Biases ............................. 552 ii. Controllability and Predictability ...................... 553 iii.Rhetoric of the Courts .................................. 555 B. CREATING A DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO FREEDOM OF CONTRACT ............................................... 556 C. DIFFERENTIATED LEVELS OF ACTIVISM OF COURTS WHEN ENFORCING CONTRACTS ......................... 557 i. LongTerm versus Short-Term C ontracts .................................................. 559 ii. Permanent vs. Temporary Weakness .................. 560 V . CONCLUSION ....................................................... 561 3 Feldman: Control or Security Published by Digital Commons @ Touro Law Center, 2015


A new electrochemical heat pump which absorbs heat under electrolysis at lower temperature and releases heat under thermochemical reaction at higher temperature is proposed. The coefficient of performance of this electrochemical heat pump would reach the value of inverse Carnot factor, the maximum under a given condition. The reduction of C02 to CO, which is the key reaction of our electrochemical heat pumping system, was mainly investigated. The overpotential of the electrolytic reduction of C02 to CO on Au was estimated to be about 0.2V at 0.1 mA/cm2. When the roughness factor of the Au electrode exceeds 100 times larger than that of the present case, fixing T h and TL at 1023K and 973K, respectively, the electrochemical heat pump can release the heat, 0.2kW/m2.


Equivalent mutants are a constant source of aggravation in mutation testing because they distort mutation-based analysis; but the identification of equivalent mutants is known to be undecidable, in addition to being (in practice) tedious and error-prone. We argue that for most applications it is not necessary to individually identify equivalent mutants; rather it suffices to know/ estimate their number. In this paper, we discuss the specification and design of an automated tool that estimates the number of equivalent mutants generated from a base program by analyzing the source code of the program as well as the mutant generation policy.


The increase in the number of Type Ia supernovae (SNe\,Ia) has demonstrated that the population shows larger diversity than has been assumed in the past. The reasons (e.g. parent population, explosion mechanism) for this diversity remain largely unknown. We have investigated a sample of SNe\,Ia near-infrared light curves and have correlated the phase of the second maximum with the bolometric peak luminosity. The peak bolometric luminosity is related to the time of the second maximum (relative to the {\it B} light curve maximum) as follows : $L_{max}(10^{43} erg s^{-1}) = (0.039 \pm 0.004) \times t_2(J)(days) + (0.013 \pm 0.106)$.
$^{56}$Ni masses can be derived from the peak luminosity based on Arnett's rule, which states that the luminosity at maximum is equal to instantaneous energy generated by the nickel decay. We check this assumption against recent radiative-transfer calculations of Chandrasekhar-mass delayed detonation models and find this assumption is valid to within 10\% in recent radiative-transfer calculations of Chandrasekhar-mass delayed detonation models.
The $L_{max}$ vs. $t_2$ relation is applied to a sample of 40 additional SNe\,Ia with significant reddening ($E(B-V) >$ 0.1 mag) and a reddening-free bolometric luminosity function of SNe~Ia is established. The method is tested with the $^{56}$Ni mass measurement from the direct observation of $\gamma-$rays in the heavily absorbed SN 2014J and found to be fully consistent.
Super-Chandrasekhar-mass explosions, in particular SN\,2007if, do not follow the relations between peak luminosity and second IR maximum. This may point to an additional energy source contributing at maximum light.
The luminosity function of SNe\,Ia is constructed and is shown to be asymmetric with a tail of low-luminosity objects and a rather sharp high-luminosity cutoff, although it might be influenced by selection effects.


OBJECTIVE
In insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) producing non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), high molecular weight forms of IGF-II (big IGF-II) are produced as a cause of spontaneous hypoglycemia. MicroRNA (miRNA)-483 family, encoded in an intron lesion of IGF2 gene, is suggested to be co-expressed with IGF-II. Here, we tested whether serum miR-483-5p and -3p levels are associated with the presence of big IGF-II in NICTH.

DESIGN
Serum samples from patients who were suspected to have IGF-II producing NICTH (n=42) were tested. MiR-483-5p and -3p levels were evaluated using quantitative PCR. IGF-II level was analyzed using ELISA. The presence of big IGF-II was identified by Western blotting.

RESULTS
Big IGF-II was detected in the sera of 32 patients. MiR-483-5p (P=0.0015) and -3p (P=0.027) levels were significantly higher in sera with big IGF-II (n=32) than in those without (n=10), whereas serum IGF-II level (P=0.055) was not significantly different between the groups. The median serum concentration of miR-483-5p was ~10 times higher than that of miR-483-3p. Although a strong correlation was observed between the two miRNAs (r=0.844, P<0.0001), but neither of which was correlated with serum IGF-II level. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of miR-483-5p (0.853) and -3p (0.722) were higher than that of IGF-II (0.694) for detecting the presence of big IGF-II.

CONCLUSION
The associations of serum miR-483-5p and -3p levels with the presence of big IGF-II suggest the diagnostic potential of these miRNAs for IGF-II producing NICTH.


THE failure of the maternal mortality-rate to yield one decimal point -L to the sustained attack which has been directed against it, but its tendency rather to react in the opposite direction, has endowed it with an air of mystery and malignity. The 1933 figure of 4~5 per 1,000 is 7 per cent. higher than the figure for the preceding year, and 15 per cent. higher than that of twenty years previously. It is not only the rising figure which is so disturbing to the people of this country, but also the fact that our mortality figure is about 40 per cent. higher than that of the Netherlands


About half of the almost 1 million US teenagers who become pregnant each year carry their pregnancies to term and give birth. However, after years of steady increases, teen birthrates in the US are lower and pregnancy rates have fallen to their lowest level in 20 years. Teenage sexual activity is also declining. Over the period 1991-96, the birthrate in the US among teens declined from the 20-year high of 62.1 births/1000 females aged 15-19 to 54.4/1000. This 12% decline comes after a 24% increase in the birthrate between 1986 and 1991. Declines in the teen birthrate were observed for the nation overall, as well as in each state, ranging from 6% in Alabama to 29% in Alaska. The teen birthrate among Blacks declined 21% to reach a record low of 91.4/1000 in 1996, while the rate for Hispanic teens barely changed during 1991-95, but eventually declined 5% during 1995-96 to 101.8/1000. The birthrate among non-Hispanic White teens declined 9% during the period to 48.1/1000, while the birthrate for teens aged 15-17 fell 13% during the period and 9% for 18-19 year olds. Pregnancy rates among women aged 15-19 years declined 14% between 1990 and 1995, to 101.1/1000, the lowest level since the mid-1970s. Although researchers are unsure why teen pregnancy and birthrates have fallen, recent survey data suggest that the declines have occurred because both fewer teens are having sex and more sexually active adolescents are using contraception.


Background: The high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) are a severe challenge in China. In patients with stage III and high-risk stage II CRC after radical resection and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, 40–60% experience recurrence and metastasis. Several years of clinical practice have shown that traditional Chinese medicine, including Jianpi Huatan granule (JHG), effectively prevents stage III and high-risk stage II CRC recurrence and metastasis after radical resection and postoperative standard adjuvant chemotherapy. However, high-level systematic plans and evidence-based medicine are lacking in this regard. Therefore, this randomised control trial aimes to determine the efficacy of JHG in reducing stage III and high-risk stage II CRC metastasis and recurrence after radical resection and postoperative standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: This is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Three hundred and fifty patients with stage III or high-risk stage II CRC who completed adjuvant chemotherapy after radical resection will be recruited from eight medical centres in China and randomly assigned to test (n = 175) and control (n = 175) groups at a ratio of 1:1. The test group will receive oral JHG for 3 months, whereas the control group will receive oral placebo for 3 months. The primary outcomes will be the disease-free survival and 1-, 2-, and 3-years metastasis and recurrence rates, whereas the secondary outcomes will be quality of life and circulating tumour cells. The patients will be followed-up monthly during treatment and every 3–6 months thereafter until recurrence, metastasis, death, or the end of the study. Trial registration: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03716063).


The paper is to estimate lifetime of LED packages and modules using general lighting by testing data. The recently, Aging time is about 100 hours, in where established by law of LED packages and modules for general lighting(KS C 7651, KS C 7652 and KS C 7653). But as estimating lifetime of LED packages and modules, initial time is very important, because lifetime of LED packages and modules is different by initial time. Therefore, the paper aids companies to analysis test data by themselves.


Arcobacters are increasingly Isolated from food products and have been classified as emerging food pathogens In the past, they were predominantly associated with reproductive problems, mastitis and gastric ulcers in livestock, though recently they are frequently isolated from clinically healthy farm animals. In humans, Arcobacter is associated with enteritis with in some cases septicaemia. The routes of infection are Still unclear but included, person-to-person contact and consumption of contaminated water and food. At present, there is no unequivocal evidence that arcobacters are hazards for human health, but neither are they part of the normal commensal flora. The current status Of the pathogen and the importance of food contamination is reviewed.


Gives an introduction to Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology and its potential applications in bibliographic databases. Gives an overview of OCR technology and highlights its advantage in the application to data entry. A also discusses the parameters to be considered in the evaluation of OCR software.


Objective:To investigate the pathogeny of simple form cervical ectopy in asymptomatic female participants in order to help clinical treatment.Methods:120 asymptomatic females were recruited which contained 80 persons with simple form cervical ectopy as subject group and 40 without cervical ectopy as control group.After administering a reproductive history questionnaire,cervical photographs were taken,the area of ectopy was quantified by computerized planimetry.The results were evaluated by SPSS for Windows(version 11.5)using t test,chi square test and logistic regression.Results:There was a significant differences between area of simple form cervical ectopy and age of subject,the same as years since menarche,years of sexuall activity,ways of contraception.The area of simple form ectopy was greatly in asymptomatic younger women than older women(P=0.000).Conclusion:With age increased,women in reproductive life incline to have less simple form cervical ectopy.Simple form cervical ectopy can be self-cure and doctors should be cautious to it's management.


Literary criticism nowadays is essentially crossing the boundaries of disciplinarity and canonicity where literary theory has increasingly been shaped by overlapping concepts and branching out of theories as well as whipping out the limitations imposed by theory itself. The post-conditions of contemporaneity have imposed a view of reading and analysing the literary text that is dynamic, proliferated and in flux as well as resistant to monolithic critique and confined disciplines and professionalization. This outlook has increasingly made the notions of literary criticism, theoretical paradigms and canons not only artificial and irrelevant to our materialistic world, but, in many cases, ' violent ' to those whose life concerns exist in the margins of these paradigmatic notions. In this essay, I argue that those of us who aspire to an interdisciplinary and a metacritical analyses would be well served by importing inspirations from Edward Said's work, scholarship and life, particularly drawing on his ' Worldliness ', ' Amateurism ' and ' Heteroglossia ' (or heterotopia) as well as drawing examples from his negotiation with intellectual paradoxes and tensions informed by his positionality as a border crosser intellectual (or his exilic consciousness ). Specifically, this article engages with Said as an author of a radically secular body of work marked by as comportment towards being, and as an example of an " amateur " critic who " speak [s] truth to power ". It argues that Said instates a critically-interrogative scholarship as antidote to essentialist, politicised, determinist and hegemonic literary canons (whether those of texts or theory) which are paradigmatically informed by relations of power in academia. The paper argues that through the investment of his scholarship and personal life, Said rejects academic institutions and affiliations with their tendency towards doctrinaire assumptions of critical work. Further to this, Said's fascination of diversity, heterogeneity and his advocacy of the intellectual's detachment from the institution of specialised criticism mount up as a radical critique of specialisation and professionalism and denouncing them as being allied with ideological and cultural dogma. Keywords: Edward Said, worldliness, amateurism, heterotopia, inter/post-disciplinary literary theory


The invention provides a film coated member. The film coated member comprises a metal matrix and an anti-wear layer formed on the surface of the metal matrix, and the anti-wear layer is an amorphous phosphorus-nickel alloy layer dispersed with polytetrafluoroethylene particles and tungsten carbide particles. The film coated member has an excellent anti-wear performance. The invention also provides a making method of the film coated member.


As the continuous mutation of the COVID-19 virus increases the uncontrollability of the virus, it imposes a great social-economic burden on health care. It is crucial to select the best vaccines to accelerate herd immunity with minimal side effects. An essential role of immunization by vaccines is to trigger the production of antibodies in the body, while the effectiveness and protection of vaccines are determined by several factors and thus have drawn great research interest. So far, several approved COVID-19 vaccines have been applied globally, with different booster strategies. Therefore, comparing efficiency of vaccines and booster strategy are needed to offer higher protection, with particular interest for immune-insufficient population. The present study focuses on the comparison of monovalent and bivalent vaccines, as well as comparing different booster strategies, by reviewing clinical findings regarding each specific vaccines or booster strategies. In general, bivalent vaccines were more successful than monovalent vaccines for immunization, and heterologous vaccines were preferred than homologous vaccines for immunization against virus mutations. However, there are few vaccines that are approved for special populations due to safety concerns, such as children and pregnant women, which warrants further investigation to address this imperative issue. In addition, the potential higher effectiveness of heterologous vaccines indicates that it might provide better immunity for special populations, which requires more research attention.


Report of the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute discussing the institute's personnel and finances as well as documentation on research including in-progress and completed research, with biographical information about authors and in-press publications.


Another young group leader will join MIMS soon! Anna Överby, currently working at the Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene in Freiburg, Germany will start setting up her laboratory at MIMS in January 2011. Highly motivated post-docs and PhD students are strongly encouraged to contact her by email to email@example.com. The official job announcements will be published soon on the web pages of Umeå University and MIMS.


In rheumatoid arthritis, an inflammatory infiltrate accumulates and persists in the synovial membrane. Synovial T cells display a number of particular characteristics. While displaying markers of recent activation, synovial T lymphocytes respond poorly to mitogenic stimuli and their cytokine production appears to be suppressed both in situ and in vitro. One of the critical hallmarks from synovial T cells is that they suffer from oxidative stress. Oxidative stress in synovial fluid T lymphocytes inhibits T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent phosphorylation of pivotal signaling molecules, required for efficient T cell proliferation, and contributes to severe hyporesponsiveness of these cells. Chronic exposure of T lymphocytes to free radicals produced by activated phagocytic cells at the site of inflammation has been proposed to be the major cause of deregulated redox homeostasis in RA. In this thesis we further investigate the source of free radicals. We demonstrate that the oxidative stress found in synovial T cells is not the result from exogenous sources but originates from (an) intracellular activated oxidase(s). We demonstrate that the oxidase generating ROS in SF T cells is controlled by the small GTPases Ras and Rap1. We show that in synovial T cells Ras can be activated by a variety of cytokines. Rap1 inhibition is induced by direct cell-cell contact of T lymphocytes with antigen presenting cells (APC), and can be prevented by blocking the co-stimulatory T cell receptor CD28 with CTLA-4. Howevever, we did therapy with a nutrient supplement containing high dose anti-oxidants and poly-unsaturated fatty acids did not lead to clinical improvement of RA disease activity, nor therapy with high dose intravenously administered N-acetyl cysteine.


A method was introduced that the content of the iron in metallurgy continuous casting was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and its influencing factors and results were discussed. The results showed that the recovery rate was 98. 0% ~ 102. 7%,and the relative standard deviation( RSD) was less than 2%. Absorption spectrometry was a fast and simple method with high accuracy and sensitivity,which could be used for the quality control of iron in metallurgy continuous casting powder.


[(i-Pr2Ph)2nacnacCr]2(μ-η2:η2-N2) (2) has been prepared and structurally characterized; it contains a bridging side-on bonded dinitrogen ligand with a N−N distance of 1.249(5) A. Reactions of this reactive Cr(I) synthon with various small molecules resulted in a series of unusual molecules and transformations; thus CO yielded the binuclear isocarbonyl [(i-Pr2Ph)2nacnacCr]2(CO)(μ-η1:η1-CO)2, ethylene gave [(i-Pr2Ph)2nacnacCr]2(μ-η2:η2-C2H4), O2 oxidatively added to produce (i-Pr2Ph)2nacnacCr(O)2, and azobenzene afforded the product of NN bond cleavage [(i-Pr2Ph)2nacnacCr]2(μ-NPh)2. 2 can be prepared in good yield and affords a facile entry to low-coordinate Cr(I) coordination chemistry.


SUMMARY Along with the affinity of mixed rank statistics and linear combinations of induced order statistics, some weak as well as strong invariance principles for these statistics are established. ~l variety of models (depending on the nature of dependence of the two variates) is considered and the regularity conditions are tailored for these diverse situations. Some applications to some problems in statistical inference are also stressed.


A field experiment was carried out at AICRP on water management Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri during 1997-98 on vertic Ustropept. The experiment was conducted in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with three replications and eight treatments. The treatments consisted of (a) four levels of NP and K through Richfield water soluble fertilizers (RWSF) viz., 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% per cent of recommended dose, (b) four levels of NPK through straight fertilizers (SF) viz., 50%, 75%, 100 %, 125% per cent of recommended dose. The growth parameters such as cane height, no of internodes, girth of internodes, weight/cane and leaf area were found to be maximum in 125% RD of RWSF as compared to SF. Application of RWSF resulted into higher cane yield (153.35 t/ha) by 9% over to that of SF (141.76 t/ha). The fertilizers application through drip at 125 % RD was found to be significantly superior to those of 100% RD. See end of the article for authors' affiliations Correspondence to : B.C. CHAUDHARI Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, AHMEDNAGAR (M.S.) INDIA


Disclosed herein is suitable for semi-preg composite material, which comprises (a) a first resin layer, (b) sides of the first resin layer is a fiber-reinforced layer of cover material, whereby, (c) using one of the two fabric layers of coating the second resin layer, and (d) wherein said second resin layer is tack level of not greater than 100N. Such semi-preg material has improved handling properties, which help form a composite material excellent in mechanical properties.


This paper made a comparative analysis of two catastrophes caused by typhoon "Bilis" and "Sepat" in 2006 and 2007 respectively in Xiangjiang River Basin from aspects of rainstorm,flood and disaster effects. And the results are: Both the two catastrophes in Xiangjiang River Basin showed typical chain character.They are caused by typhoon,and resulted in a series of natural disasters such as flood,landslide,debris flow.Comparing with "Bilis","Sepat" affected longer time,bigger area,and brought more rainfall.In mainstream of Xiangjiang River Basin and Leishui River Basin,peak discharge and peak stage caused by Bilis are higher than that by "Sepat",while in Mishui River Basin,the situation is just the reverse.Disaster effects caused by "Sepats" were lower than that by "Bilis",and also fewer casualties.This was mainly due to:(1) previous serious drought;(2) less water in reservoirs;(3) better forecast,rapider alarm information release,and transfer and allocation in time;(4) enhancement of disaster prevention awareness.Based on this analysis,this paper discussed measures for catastrophe mitigation.


The aim was to audit the numbers of non-residents requiring orthopaedic admission to our hospital and determine the effect of increasing tourist numbers and changes in Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) regulations on health care resources. Details of non-resident orthopaedic admissions for fiscal years 1997/8 to 2003/4 were analysed with respect to country of residence, mechanism of injury, case weights consumed and actual costs. There has been no change in numbers of admissions or cost averaging 32 cases (50 case weights) per year over the 7 year period. Most patients came from Asia (59 cases, 26%), then Australia (52 cases, 23%) and UK (40 cases 18%). Snowsports accounted for 40% of admissions, Motor vehicle accidents (MVA)17% and falls 29%. Non-resident, non-MVA admissions have averaged 21 CW per year since the changes in ACC regulations in 1999. Despite increasing tourist numbers there has been no increase in numbers or CW of non-residents requiring orthopaedic admission. Although representing only a small proportion of the orthopaedic budget they generate many hidden costs. The 50 CW annually equates to approximately 13 major joint replacements per year. The increase in CWs consumed due to the ACC changes have had no corresponding increase in contracted orthopaedic volumes.