The internet-of-things (IoT) carries substantial costs by urging households to replace their possessions with new, internet connected versions of everyday objects. Beyond financial, these costs include waste, work to arrange and orchestrate objects to suit households, and that of acquiring new skills. Upcycling domestic objects could offer households greater discretion and control over these costs by supporting the ability to tailor IoT to the home. To understand how households might do this, we conducted a home study with 10 diverse American households over 7 days to surface the approaches families are likely to use when tailoring IoT to their existing possessions. We asked family members to enact their process using endowed sticker props---IoT Stickers---to modify objects in their home. We develop a framework of how families make light weight modifications of domestic possessions, summarize trends of their object modifications, and describe the burdens such a system could impose.


CSO is an optimization algorithm based on the competition concept, which has been applied to feature selection and had a good performance on datasets with high feature dimensions. As a wrapper method, CSO is confronted with the problem of computation expensive and time consuming. To solve the problems, we proposed two improved algorithms from the perspective of reducing particle fitness calculation times: FCSO (Faster Competitive Swarm Optimization) and SFCSO (Selected Faster Competitive Swarm Optimization). FCSO shortens the time required for running by reducing the number of particles involved in each iteration, whereas SFCSO achieves the same goal by screening mechanism. SFCSO improves the stability of FCSO. We use KNN classifier to carry out experiments on four datasets with different size and dimension. The experimental results show that FCSO reduced time to one-tenth of the original, while SFCSO was half of it. FCSO has a better performance on binary classification problems so as SFCSO in multi-classification problems. Both algorithms can significantly reduce time complexity with a little decline of accuracy or even a higher accuracy, which is acceptable.


The Raman and infrared spectra between 30 and 3000 cm -1 of a new crystalline phase of methyltrichlorosilane, CH 3 SiCl 3 , at 20 K are reported. The spectra are consistent with a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure with at least four molecules per unit cell. A glassy phase is also detected


By combining the standard form algorithm with the pseudo division algorithm for matrix multivariable polynomial,a new method of constructing the general solutions of a class of the partial differential equations is obtained,thereby with the view of the differential algebra and a mechanical algorithm for auto deducing the mechanical equations is got on the basis of the standard form algorithm.


Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis along with rising incidence rates and will be responsible for many cancer deaths in the future [...].


Just as natural history is the mother of the biological sciences, social history is the mother of the social sciences. Classical political economy was developed in a dynamic era, a period of European history where a series of long-term social developments were approaching their peak in the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution of England. It is not at all surprising that Adam Smith and David Hume spent time with the French Physiocrats, notably Quesnay and Turgot, and with the French philosophes, especially though not exclusively Voltaire and Rousseau.1 It was precisely the dynamic quality of the era that led economic and social and political theorists alike to look into the nature and causes of change, and therefore regard history as a principal source of the foundations of their knowledge. A similar process was taking place, but more slowly, among biologists who were trying to discover the nature of life and the origin of species, and the causes of long-term biological changes through time. Darwinism was in fact the end, not the beginning, of this process. It was through the historical as well as empirical approach that Adam Smith formulated his critique of feudal society and structures and attacked protectionist policies which he described as "the policy of Europe".2 Throughout the century or so in which classical political economy or economics developed roughly from 1770 to the 1870-history was in evidence, either explicitly or tacitly as the background to contemporary economic analysis. Even Ricardo who evidently was not much in command of historical knowledge, used historical concepts and categories created by others but particularly Adam Smith before him. Not only James Mill, close friend of both Jeremy Bentham and David Ricardo, but the less well-known, though no less intelligent, Richard Jones made comparative studies of Indian economy and society and helped to clarify the social and historical features which had been known before them as Oriental Despotism, and which Marx and Engels after them defined as the Asiatic Mode of


The objective of this study is to generate a dynamic model of the processes involved in the cycling of organic carbon in the sediments and the wates of the southern California Bight by the chemical and biological characterization of sedimenting particles interceptd in the water column at various depths as well as from recent sediments. At UCLA, the quantitative data of the various organic compounds in the sediments (cores) and particles from the interceptor traps deployed from the water column are gathered to determine the processes occurring in the water column and sedimentary regimes.


In December 2018 the number of artificial objects bigger than 1mm in orbit around the Earth is more than 200 millions [2]. Only a small fraction of them (0.03 %) is catalogued. An impact of an operational satellite with one of this debris can damage the satellite and undermine its mission. So it is important to catalogue as many objects as possible in order to reduce the risk of a collisions. This is done by using the software tool Space Object Observations and Kalman Filtering (SPOOK), developed in Airbus Defence and Space in Friedrichshafen. The goal of this Master Thesis is to create new functionalities to this tool and improve the existing ones. In particular three main goals have been accomplished: • a new model for the lighting ratio was built to take into account the occultation of the Sun due to a covering body (for example the Earth or the Moon) and its influence on the solar radiation pressure, necessary to have a good model for orbit propagation; • a tracklet builder algorithm was built to distinguish different tracklets (consecutive observations of the same object along its orbit) as a starting point for the association of different measurements belonging the same object at distant epochs, necessary to update a catalogue of space objects; • the model to take into account the process noise was improved giving some suggestion on how to tune the different parameters for different kinds of orbit.


Background

In 2003 the Scottish Government led the way in school food reform in the UK through their Hungry for Success policy document. This led to nutrient standards being formalised through legislation and monitoring. More recently a new curriculum has been introduced to enhance food education within schools. It stresses practical food skills within interdisciplinary learning. This study investigated the implementation of these policies in primary schools.

Method

Over one school year, an ethnographic case …


Laser-based displays suffer from speckle noise due to the random inference patterns of scattered coherent light from rough surfaces. Commonly utilized solution, such as moving diffusers, creates time-varying speckle patterns that were averaged on the observer's retina or the image sensor. This solution requires the use of motorized parts and can be bulky with the potential risk of mechanical failure. We present a liquid crystal device that reduces speckle noise by over 90%. It is electrically driven, compact, and with no motorized parts. The randomized, time-varying domains with mismatched refractive indices of the liquid crystals produce varying speckle patterns. A near zero speckle contrast is achieved.


firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract The article employed System Dynamics model as basic analytical framework to make study on the external equity cooperation influences the stability of airline strategic alliance. Combined with the implementation mechanism of the alliance's dynamic stability, the paper analyzed how the equity cooperation made an impact on the stability of airline strategic alliance, ranging from resource dimensions, risk dimensions to social capital dimensions. What's more, the System Dynamics model, relating to the airline strategic alliance stability, has been established. By simulating the model, the paper made study on the stability of airline strategic alliance influenced by external equity cooperation. The simulation results show that the impact of external equity cooperation was closely relevant with the proportion of shareholding, the factor that the willingness of alliance members continued to invest resources in the alliance and the tightness of participating in the cooperation of the


As part of the general study, we planned to measure the uptake of fission products by one element of the marinc bioaa, the marine phytoplankton. We hoped to isolate single, naturally occurring phytoplankton cells after the test expIosion and measure their radioactivity, and also to measure the activity taken LIP from radioactive sea water by unialgal diatom and dinoflagellate cultures maintained aboard the ship, However, the cultures failed to survive under shipbo'arcl conditions and technical difficulties in isolating phytoplankton at sea were experienced. Thus, these approaches were discarded, and, instead, radioactive sea water was transported back to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography by one of us ( F. T. Haxo) so that uptake coulcl be measured under more favorable conditions. T.he experiments described were conducted during the period 20 to 30 May 1955, to dcterminc the amount of radioactivity taken up by laboratory cultures of the coastal marine dinoflagellate, Gonz~aulnx ;poZyedra Stein. We are grateful to Dr. Beatrice M. Sweeney, who providecl the Gonyadax culture; to Mrs. Ann Dodson, who performed the cell counts; to Mr. DeCourccy Martin, who measured the gamma energy spectra; and to Mr. Robert Holmes, who collected the sample of inactive sea water from the test site.


Survival of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) planted on clay soil at 6by lo-foot spacing decreased from 41 percent at age 21 to 26 percent at age 31. In the 1 O-year period, average diameter increased from 6.1 to 8.6 inches, basal area from 72 to 90 square feet per acre, and total volume outside bark, for trees ~3.0 inches d.b.h., from 1,288 to 2,333 cubic feet per acre. The 30 largest cypress trees per acre averaged 14.2 inches d.b.h. and 72 feet tall at age 31. Additional keywords: Taxodium distichum, artificial regeneration, diameter increment.


We explain how to translate several recent results in derived algebraic geometry to derived differential geometry. These concern shifted Poisson structures on NQ-manifolds, Lie groupoids, smooth stacks and derived generalisations, and include existence and classification of various deformation quantisations.


Testing of current devices in the automation domain cannot be done mathematically exhaustive due to the huge number of possible test cases and, even more important, the tremendous amount of time for the execution of all test cases.Thus, a dramatic reduction is needed in the testing domain.This paper discusses two possibilities for the reduction of test case execution time by reducing the number of "parameter set" permutations, recursive backtracking and pairwise testing.Testing of devices in the automation domain is based on their behavior (black box testing) and the parameters of the devices,which influence the behavior.The combination of a parameter model including constraints between parameters, recursive backtracking and pairwise testing can result in the reduction of the parameter permutation space by more than 99%. This paper presents the current status of this reduction and proposes a future direction towards a structured reduction of test cases based on the reduction of the "parameter set" permutations.


Some adolescents with cancer report distress and unmet needs. Guided by the disability‐stress‐coping model, we evaluated associations among problem‐solving skills, parent–adolescent cancer‐related communication, parent–adolescent dyadic functioning, and distress in adolescents with cancer. Thirty‐nine adolescent–parent dyads completed measures of these constructs. Adolescents were 14–20 years old on treatment or within 1 year of completing treatment. Better problem‐solving skills were correlated with lower adolescent distress (r = −0.70, P < 0.001). Adolescent‐reported cancer‐related communication problems and dyadic functioning were not significantly related to adolescent distress (rs < 0.18). Future work should examine use of problem‐solving interventions to decrease distress for adolescents with cancer.


We present experimental measurements of perfect wave absorption on surface gravity-capillary waves. The equilibrium between friction losses and coupled resonance yields a zero reflection coefficient. As a simple resonator, among other possibilities, the trapped modes produced by a non-symmetrical cylinder are used to generate absorption.


We introduce Colocation Games as the basis of a general framework for modeling, analyzing, and facilitating the interactions between the various stakeholders in distributed/cloud computing environments, where resources are offered in an open marketplace to independent, rational parties interested in setting up their own applications. Virtualization technologies enable the partitioning of such resources so as to allow each player to dynamically acquire appropriate fractions of the resources. When all the components are under the control of a single administrative domain, this leads to an standard optimization problem, but when infrastructure providers make available their resources in a marketplace, and from there customers acquire the resources, the global optimization framework is no longer appropriate. Rather, in this paper we use a game-theoretic framework in which the assignment of players to resources is the outcome of a strategic "Colocation Game". Although we show that determining the existence of an equilibrium for colocation games in general is NP-hard, we present a number of simplified, practically-motivated variants of the colocation game for which we establish convergence to a Nash Equilibrium, and price of anarchy bounds. In addition to these analytical results, we present an experimental evaluation of implementations of some of these variants. Experimental evaluation corroborates our analytical results and also illustrates how colocation games offer a feasible distributed resourcemanagement alternative for self-organizing systems, in which the adoption of a global optimization approach would be neither practical nor justifiable.


The invention relates to a plant protection agent, which as a biologically active substance comprises carbofuran, dissolved in water and miscible with limited water-miscible solvents, surfactants and / or protective colloids and / or dispergztory. Distinctive for the invention is that the plant protection agent contains 15-20 wt.% Carbofuran, as water-miscible solvent 56-63 wt.% Of dimethylformamide, as a limited water-miscible solvent 12,7-24,0mas.% furfural dalee4,76-5,00 wt.% of conventional auxiliary substances such as anionic and / or nonionic surfactants. If the invention of plant protection agent to obtain a spray broth is diluted with water, the active substance precipitates spontaneously and tone-1 is distributed to, and in final use shape formed suspension with a suitable particle size. Table 5.


Doubly-fed variable speed pumped storage (VSPS) unit is a large capacity energy storage facility in the grid, contributing to the frequency stability of the grid. And its normal operation generally requires the accurate position information of the rotor. This paper presents a novel stator inductance tuning method to improve the precision of the position provided by the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) observer. The method improves the precision of the tuned mutual inductance value by identifying the stator leakage inductance coefficient. Besides, the method finalizes the mutual inductance faster than the traditional methods. In addition, a parameter sensitivity analysis formula is derived, which can quantitatively analyze the relationship between the mismatched inductance and the steady-state error of the observer. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is fully validated by simulation results.


A central understanding of narrative scholarship is that stories are ever in process, taking shape in each recounting according to the needs, purposes, and understandings of the teller. Sometimes participants share accounts that are incomplete or inaccurate, shrink from voicing their feelings, or silence their accounting altogether. In this study, I draw on difficult stories, shared by military bandswomen who endured a traumatic government investigation into their personal lives during the McCarthy era, to examine the distinctions between empirical facts and interpretive truth, trouble the linkage between objective and subjective ways of knowing, and consider the researcher's ethical responsibility when a participant hides the facts or refuses to voice their truths.


Indonesia, the world's largest Muslim-majority country and the third largest democratic state, is home to a diverse society with its own unique form of Islam. It is also often inaccurately portrayed by the media. Dr. Robert Pringle will speak about his recently published book, Understanding Islam in Indonesia: Politics and Diversity, which seeks to clearly outline the role of Islam in Indonesia, covering the history of Islam's arrival, its development over time, as well as the role it plays in the politics of the growing democracy. Discussant Dr. Michael H. Anderson will offer his insights into the contemporary role that Islam plays in Indonesian domestic politics and the US public diplomacy role in this important country.


This is the second issue in a two-part special issue that focuses on comparative victim and offender research. The articles in the first issue examined cross-national and cross-cultural theoretical approaches and methodologies. Complementing the first issue, the six articles in this second special issue focus on cross-country quantitative and qualitative comparisons of victims and offenders and what was learned through the comparative lens. These contributions offer readers a tour around the world through a variety of topics—including adolescent risk behaviors, repeat burglary, and violence against women. Even when the initial purpose of a study is a comparative enterprise, methodological issues arise and need to be addressed. Contributing authors were asked to share challenges inherent to comparative research that affect the different stages of a research enterprise. If the methodology is "culturally" flawed, it limits the validity of discussing cross-cultural commonalities or differences. The relationship between the methodology and the findings is critical to the advancement of cross-national and cross-cultural research. Each author was mindful of the methodology employed, how it informed the comparative analyses, and how the results opened new avenues for comparative research.


Both glaucoma and ocular surface disease (OSD) are very common conditions in the elderly. In order to provide sufficient intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and low target pressure, long‐term use of IOP lowering medication as well as optimal adherence to the prescribed medication are essential. Most topical glaucoma medications are preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK). Chronic exposition to BAK (as preservative of most preserved eye drops) was repeatedly shown to decrease tear film quality, increase the frequency of topical side effects, and worsen the existing ocular surface disease. In addition, chronic and multiple instillation of BAK in preserved topical IOP lowering medication is a risk for failure of later filtering surgery. Patients suffering from OSD use BAK‐free artificial tears, but the same patients if they also have glaucoma mostly use BAK‐preserved IOP lowering drops. This practice is obviously not optimal. Use of unpreserved glaucoma medications in routine clinical practice is needed for IOP lowering in glaucoma.


A human detection algorithm based on SVM(Support Vector Machines) is proposed.The local shape mutation features of the targets are extracted through wavelet transformation of the static image.The features are then combined with the gait feature of the dynamic frame to be studied and recognized by support vector machines.It is proved through experiments that this method has the features of real-time,high accuracy and wide range.


Analytical solutions for the minimum Ohmic dissipation states satisfying helicity balance in a cylindrical vessel with circular electrodes on the plane surfaces are presented. The solutions show the basic features of flux core spheromaks and are given in terms of Fourier-Bessel series. The total plasma current and magnetic field profiles are determined for different values of resistivity, elongation and electrode radius.


The invention supplies anti garbage mail system and method. The E-mail system includes server and many client-sides between which data interact is processed by communication net. Each client-side includes input device, display device, host computer. The server includes CPU and internal memory, anti garbage mail system which works together with mail client-side, anti garbage tube mail subsystem to identify and treat the garbage mail, judge whether it is or not and process post-treatment according to the extracted the rule.


AbstractUnderstanding the complex flow and sediment transport on vegetated slopes is important for ecological restoration and conservation projects. This study quantifies the erodibility of sand in...


The fatigue and fracture behavior of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 was investigated up to the very high cycle regime under rotary bending tests at room temperature. It was found that this superalloy can still fracture after exceeding 107 cycles. Fractographic analysis revealed that there was a transition from fatigue crack initiation at multi-sites to single initiation with decreasing stress levels. The fracture surface can be divided into four areas according to the appearance, associated with fracture mechanics analysis of the corresponding stress intensity factors. The fracture mechanism dominant in each area was disclosed by scanning electron microscope examination and analyzed in comparison with those obtained from the crack growth tests. Subsequently, life prediction modeling was proposed by estimating the crack initiation and propagation stage respectively. It was found that Chan (2003)'s model for initiation life and the Paris law for growth life can provide comparable predictions against the experimental life.


For allocating resources in a cloud computing environment, and systems and methods for associating. Virtual machine in the cloud computing environment, the pool for the user, a dedicated machine, assigned as a standby machine or preemption can machine, or may be associated. Various conditions, the operator of the cloud computing environment while also possible to increase the resource utilization, to provide the desired level of resources to the user.


As human service providers and policy makers, we continually ask ourselves, "Can we really make a difference in the lives of children and families living in dangerous communities?" Fortunately, the evidence suggests that we can. During the last decade, researchers and program developers have begun to outline effective prevention efforts for at-risk children, families, and communities. In this article, we provide an overview of their recommendations. 1. Build the program on a theoretical model and research evidence. Prevention programs need to be based on a coherent theory and research, not myths and hunches. For example, David Olds and his colleagues (1986) developed a program to prevent child abuse in which parents of newborns were given ideas and techniques for discipline, play, and language stimulation. The program was based on both theoretical and empirical results that indicate the prenatal and immediate postnatal periods are critical both to child and parenting development. The program also encouraged parenting behaviors critical for the healthy intellectual and social development of their children later in life. Evaluation of this program indicated that parents developed these critical behaviors with their children. 2. Be sensitive to environmental and cultural contexts. Effective programs consider ecological


To take full advantage of carbonaceous shale tunnel spoil as a roadbed filler it needs to understand the physical and mechanical properties of carbonaceous shale and the changing nature of the flooded affected by carbonaceous shale.By analyzing carbonaceous shale composition,physical properties and compressive strength,the shear strength and resistance to disintegration under flooding conditions characteristic.The results showed that carbon shale swelled and softened when encountering water,the compressive strength and shear strength significantly decreased when flooding,the disintegration had poor resistance and significantly decreased its strength and durability,which are not suitable for direct use as roadbed filler.


The paper tests the effect of competition on bank risk-taking for a sample of up to 800 banks worldwide over the period 1995-2010. Following the theoretical literature on bank competition and risk more closely than previous empirical research, we measure competition at the bank level and separate the effects of competition in deposit and loan markets. We also condition the risk effect of competition on several factors, including proxies of charter value and deposit insurance coverage. Our results give clear evidence of a positive competition-risk effect for both risk measures tested. There is some indication, however, that this effect is strongly dependent on the existence of a deposit insurance-related moral hazard effect on risk, which is mitigated by increased market power. The frequently significant non-linearity of the competition-risk effect, and its dependence on safety-net characteristics could explain the conflicting results of previous empirical research.


A method to compensate the synchrotron radiation power decrease due to the stored current decay by increasing the stored electron energy is described. The absorbed power in a resist can be held constant by about a 10 percent increase of the electron energy, compensating the beam current decrease of 50 percent. The throughput decrease is 10 percent owing to power suppression in order to maintain constant absorbed power.


Iowa corn is tasselling and silking this week. We think of the silk date as a marker for the final 60 to 65 days in which the corn reaches physiological maturity. That means we might expect dry down to extend into October across the state. Soybeans are setting pods, and with timely August rainfall, pods should fill nicely. Last week we lost approxiamtely 50 degree days to average across Iowa, making July 2009 as one of the ten coolest in history.


This article is devoted to the development of complex software on the platform 1C Enterprise for automated scheduling of educational processes in higher education institutions. The developed system is designed to solve the problems of electronic document management and scheduling classes in educational institutions of the I-IV level of accreditation, as these problems are still one of the most pressing in the organization of the educational process. This automated system should reduce the time of operations, provide the easiest way to form and make changes to the schedule of the educational process, which are the main objectives of this software, because the correct schedule is, the key to successful distribution of student groups, classroom and teaching staff. In general, the article considers the comparative characteristics of some of the existing analogues, their advantages and disadvantages, describes the problem statement, provides a general description of the system development and summarizes the work. The result of the work is the creation on the basis of the 1C Enterprise of a full-fledged automated system for the formation of training schedules. A system has been created that meets all modern norms and requirements. It combines convenience, functionality and a simple appearance. The system has the ability to leave comments with wishes, create an account, create a schedule and reports. Menu pages with subsystems and detailed information about each directory, document and report are created. The developed system can be used in any educational institution due to the developed capabilities and functionality. It is recommended for acquaintance to young scientists and readers who are interested in software development on the basis of the 1C Enterprise platform or formation of schedules of educational processes.


Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a dimensionality reduction algorithm for data that can be represented as an undirected bipartite graph. It has become a common method for generating topic models of text data because it is known to produce good results, despite its relative simplicity of implementation and ease of computation. One challenge with applying the NMF to large datasets is that intermediate matrix products often become dense, thus stressing the memory and compute elements of the underlying system. In this article, we investigate a simple but powerful modification of the alternating least squares method of determining the NMF of a sparse matrix that enforces the generation of sparse intermediate and output matrices. This method enables the application of NMF to large datasets through improved memory and compute performance. Further, we demonstrate, empirically, that this method of enforcing sparsity in the NMF either preserves or improves both the accuracy of the resulting topic model and the convergence rate of the underlying algorithm.


Five cobalt(III) triphenylcorroles with different electron-withdrawing or electrondonating substituents and an axially bound triphenylphosphine ligand were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The investigated compounds are represented as (4-XPh)3CorCo(PPh3), where Ph3Cor is the trianion of a triphenylcorrole and X is a OMe, Me, H, F or Cl substituent on the meso-phenyl rings. Each corrole was examined by UV-vis, 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, electrochemistry and thin-layer spectroelectrochemistry. Redox potentials and spectra of each oxidized and reduced species were examined in dichloromethane and N,N′-dimethylformamide containing 0.1 M tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate. Each Co(III) corrole undergoes up to five one-electron transfer reactions, some of which are reversible and others which are not. The CoIII/CoII process is irreversible in both solvents due to the loss of the triphenylphosphine axial ligand following electron transfer. The CoII/CoI process is reversible in DMF but irreversible in CH2Cl2 due to a homogenous chemical reaction between the electrogenerated Co(I) corrole and the chlorinated solvent. The potential for the first oxidation of the investigated corroles varies little with change of solvent, consistent with the lack of solvent binding to the neutral and singly oxidized forms of (4-XPh)3CorCo(PPh3). However, a single DMF molecule strongly binds to the doubly oxidized corrole in DMF or DMF/CH2Cl2 mixtures. This results in an easier oxidation and a negative shift of ~200 mV in E1/2 upon going from CH2Cl2 to DMF as solvent. The effect of substitutents and solvent on redox potentials is discussed and an overall electroreduction/electrooxidation mechanism is proposed


Adding engineering discipline to defining and managing the operation of business processes has become a truism although results of practical application have been mixed. This chapter argues that an obstacle to business process (re)engineering is the lack of a business process engineer role with an associated professional education, tools, and community. The main argument derives from an analysis of the domain structure for system design and comparison with existing practices in manufacturing engineering. We observe that: (1) At present there does not exist a profession of business process engineers. Their role in a firm is filled, on an ad-hoc basis, by business line personnel, information technology analysts or architects, and/or management consultants; (2) There is an increasingly critical need to master the subject of business process engineering for an individual firm as well as the general U.S. industry; (3) Other professionals, while having their own specialized skills valuable to a firm, do not necessarily have the optimal skill set for business process engineering. We therefore conclude that there is an urgent need for a professional business process engineer. We discuss the skills required of this profession and briefly describe a first course offered at a university on this subject. We propose that academic institutions should seriously consider such a new program today. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-603-2.ch018


In order to produce gelatin-starch polymer matrix reinforced with cellulose using twin-screw extrusion and compression molding, gelatin-potato starch and gelatin-corn starch formulations were plasticized with glycerol (25% w/w) and reinforced with cellulose (0.34% w/w and 0.68% w/w dry basis) to produce flat sheets. According to the analysis of variance performed, adding TEMPO-cellulose in the formulations decreased tensile strain at yield, but increased Young's modulus depending on the type of starch used in the formulation. Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyses showed that the formation of a polymer matrix from gelatin/potato starch/TEMPO-cellulose and gelatin/corn starch/TEMPO-cellulose was successfully achieved.


A series of experiments designed to determine the distribution of N15 in the tissues and excretions of the rat following the intraperitoneal administration of nitrogen-labeled urethan is described and the results are reported. The concentration of N15 was generally higher in the bone marrow than in other tissues. The liver, gastrointestinal, spleen, and kidney proteins were found to contain greater concentrations than the brain, heart, lung, testes, skin, and muscle proteins. The amide nitrogen is excreted by way of the urine and feces. It is excreted in the urine partly as urea and partly as ammonium ion nitrogen.


An organization's e-commerce strategies either represent their entire existence for an Internet-only business or a significant investment by a traditional business. Competition on the Internet has esulted in many sites where a shopper can find the same goods and services. The differentiator for the market leader in a particular e-business is a positive shopping experience for the customer, which includes providing a reliable and high-performance Web site. This chapter describes a number of approaches t building reliable and high-performance Web sites.


Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have elevated sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and arterial pressure (AP) compared to WKY rats. Studies examining the ability of GABA to inhibit pre‐sympathetic neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) that drive SNA in SHR have yielded equivocal results, possibly due to differences in baroreflexes or endogenous GABAergic inhibition from the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). Here we examine whether the ability of GABA to decrease SNA and AP in the RVLM is altered in SHR compared to WKY rats after inhibition of the CVLM. In chloralose‐anesthetized, ventilated, paralyzed rats a glutamate antagonist (kynurenate 5.5 pmol/100 nl) was microinjected bilaterally into CVLM, followed by a microinjection of GABA (0.3, 1.0, 3.0 nmol) into an RVLM. Microinjection of kynurenate into CVLM increased splanchinc SNA less in SHR than WKY rats (326 +/− 38% vs. 713+/− 98%, P <0.05, n=13) with smaller pressor responses (79+/−3 vs. 95+/−3 mmHg, P<0.05). In contrast, microinjection of GABA into the RVLM evoked larger decreases in SNA and AP in SHR at all doses. For example, 1 nmol GABA decreased SNA 39+/− 7% in SHR vs. 8+/−3% in WKY rats. (P<0.05, n=5/group) and AP by 30+/−14 in SHR vs. 10+/−8 mmHg in WKY rats (P<0.05). These data suggest tonic inhibition of the RVLM by the CVLM is reduced in SHR, manifesting in increased sensitivity to GABA in the RVLM. NIH HL075174.


Abstract. The paper deals with efficient methods for two-scale modelling of nonlinear effects in deforming fluid-staurated porous media. Two alterantive approaches are considered. The first one is based on the upscaling the fluid-structure interaction problem involving linear elastic porous medium and the Newtonean compressible fluid. Using the sensitivity analysis of effective coefficients depending on the geometrical configuration a weakly nonlinear formulation can be introduced to capture influences of the deformation on the material properties. The second approach is based on the updated Lagrangean formulation for the Biot medium whereby the effective poroelastic and permeability parameters are derived and computed using the homogenization. This leads to a coupled two-scale problem which need to be solved at any time step increment.


The author of the article considers the principles of social optics. In Russian classicism the catastrophic sphere rarely was a subject of the poetic image. At an initial stage Russian romanticism acquires the external ("picturesque") part of the catastrophic phenomena. The image of the raged elements does not change the ideas of stability of life. An accident is a part of picturesque space.


Phase-type distribution has been an important probabilistic tool in the analysis of complex stochastic system evolution. It was introduced by Neuts in 1975. The model describes the lifetime distribution of a finite-state absorbing Markov chains, and has found many applications in wide range of areas. It was brought to survival analysis by Aalen in 1995. However, the model has lacks of ability in modeling heterogeneity and inclusion of past information which is due to the Markov property of the underlying process that forms the model. We attempt to generalize the distribution by replacing the underlying by Markov mixtures process. Markov mixtures process was used to model jobs mobility by Blumen et al. in 1955. It was known as the mover-stayer model describing low-productivity workers tendency to move out of their jobs by a Markov chains, while those with high-productivity tend to stay in the job. Frydman later extended the model to a mixtures of finite-state Markov chains moving at different speeds on the same state space. In general the mixtures process does not have Markov property. We revisit the mixtures model for mixtures of multi absorbing states Markov chains, and propose generalization of the phase-type distribution under competing risks. The new distribution has two main appealing features: it has the ability to model heterogeneity and to include past information of the underlying process, and it comes in a closed form. Built upon the new distribution, we propose conditional forward intensity which can be used to determine rate of occurrence of future events (caused by certain type) based on available information. Numerical study suggests that the new distribution and its forward intensity offer significant improvements over the existing model.


Objective:To observe the adverse effects of telbivudine in the peripheral nervous system and muscles,and analyze the related factors.Methods:We collected 8 patients with peripheral nervous system diseases and myopathy that related to telbivudine in our hospital from August 2007 to October 2008;analyzed the dosage of telbivudine,co-administrated drugs,the clinical manifestation of patients,and the results of laboratory tests.Results:All the 8 enrolled patients were male,and aged 25~50 years old.The patients received telbivudine 600 mg once daily;in two of them,telbivudine combined with intramuscular injection of interferon. Myopathy and elevated CK level were observed in all the 8 patients.Moreover,peripheral nervous system diseases occurred in 7 patients,and rhabdomyolysis in one patient.Conclusion:Telbivudine may cause peripheral nervous system diseases and myopathy,so medical staff and patients should pay extensive attention.


The author introduced the establishing common wish of inspiring the learning among personnel, constructing leadership of learning type to leading personnel learn initiatively, enforcing process administration of learning to advance learning effect continuously, managing the relation between learning and using to ensure the long-run of the method. The author also gave reference to explore new mode of hospital management.


The structure, composition of the automation control system in Ninghai Lingang Waterworks as well as the main problems needing consideration in the design were introduced. According to the process situation, the waterworks automation control system was established by Siemens S7 series PLC, and the data exchange among different equipment and different subsystems was realized by the up-to-date industrial ethernet and PROFIBUS DP field bus. Some control schemes for process specific characteristics were introduced.


Apparatus for processing a multi-channel signal comprises means (12) for determining at least a first channel and two channels, one of the similarity of the second channel of the two channels. In addition, it provided with a means (16) for performing a prediction filtering of spectral coefficients, which performs a prediction filter into a first and a second prediction filter (16a) only one for both channels when higher the similarity between the channels, first between the first and the second channel is formed to perform a prediction filter into two separate prediction filter (16b) when the relative dielectric private. In doing so, the stereo introduction of artifacts and degradation of coding gain is avoided in the stereo coding technique. Cavity filter, a prediction filter, the channel similarity coding technique


The impact of three vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) cultures with or without inorganic P was studied in rainfed maize–wheat and soybean–wheat crop sequences in a P deficient acid Alfisol. Application of these 3 VAM cultures [Glomus mosseae-developed by CSK HPAU, Palampur; Glomus intraradices-developed by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi; Glomus mosseae-developed by Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi] alone or with 25 to 75% of recommended P2O5 dose based on soil test crop response (STCR) precision model along with 100% of recommended N and K, gave significantly higher grain/seed and straw yields and soil nutrient build up over control. Above treatment enhanced yields consistently and significantly with increasing applied P from 25 to 75% of recommended P2O5 dose. It can be inferred that application of either of 3 VAM fungi cultures with 75% P2O5 dose can economize yield targeted fertilizer P dose by about one fourths of P requirement in rainfed maize–wheat and soybean-wheat crop sequences without impairing soil fertility in P deficient acid Alfisol.


The solubilities of naphthalene and acenaphthene in six chloro derivative solvents, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene, have been experimentally determined in the temperature range between 288 K and 323 K. This range corresponds to that which was found by us as an optimal one for the growth of crystals of these solids. The experimental activity coefficients calculated by using the classical equation for solid in liquid solubility have been compared with those predicted from the Scatchard−Hildebrand regular solution theory. For all the investigated solutions these activity coefficients are predicted to within an average of 8% in the case of naphthalene and 9% in the case of acenaphthene. As it could by expected, when the binary parameter l12 determined from the lowest solubility datum point temperature has been added to the Scatchard−Hildebrand expression (extended model), the activity coefficients are predicted with substantia...


Abstract Recent theories maintain that stressors and the reactions they elicit demand part of individuals' limited information-processing capacity. In order to cope with the resulting decrement in processing capacity, individuals narrow their span of attention or restructure information into patterns that are easier to attend to, store, retrieve, and process. The present study examined two forms of simplifying restructuring: chunking and integration. The first two experiments showed that stressed subjects who were given a list of objects and the instruction to divide them into groups yielded fewer, more inclusive groups than their less stressed counterparts. In the third experiment the subjects performed a word identification task which required visual integration. Subjects under stress, integrated and, hence, identified the words sooner than those who were exposed to little or no stress. Implications of these findings for the understanding of the effects of stress on complex cognitive processes, such as ...


This paper summarizes research trends regarding polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) contained in waste incineration residues and in residues generated from industrial heating processes such as fly ash and clinker in cement kilns, residues generated from secondary refining of steel and non-ferrous metals. Research themes currently being undertaken by the authors is also introduced. With the exception of some samples, contents contained within the residue were at the same levels. Although many studies and statistical analyses have been conducted based on distribution of homologues and isomers, fully distinguishing between product-based and combustion-based PCNs and identifying the chlorination reaction route seems to still be problematic. It is suggested that thermal dechlorination treatment under reduction conditions is effective in decomposing, dechlorinating, and reducing the toxicity of PCNs. The reported value of the emission factor of PCNs in waste incineration measured as wide as 1 to 48600 μ g t − 1 , which suggests that further study is required.


The article considers merits and demerits of legalization of division of legal entities to public and private ones in the states of Romance-Germanic law. Here is made a conclusion about non-necessity of legislative fixation of legal category «legal entity of public law» in the Russian civil law.


The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of the daily nonlinear support vector machines, the new semi-parametric tool for regression estimation, heterogeneous autoregressive (SVM-HAR)ARCH type models based on the daily realized volatility (which uses intraday returns) with the performance of the classical HAR-ARCH type models by using different innovation distribution when the one-day ahead value-at-risk (VaR) is to be computed. The daily realized volatility is calculated using 5-, 15-min and optimally sampled intraday returns for Nikkei 225 index. This paper shows that the particular hybrid SVM-HAR-ARCH type model provides better performance when 15-min intraday returns are used. This paper also shows that the models based on a long memory skewed student distribution provide the better performance of one-day ahead value-at-risk forecasts.


Abstract The aim of this study was to improve students' English as Foreign Language (EFL) writing and speaking performance with appropriate learning activity design supported by Virtual Pen (VPen), a multimedia web annotation system. Students' perceptions toward using VPen and learningactivities, attitude toward using VPen, actual VPen usage and their relationships were also investigated. After the experiment the students perceived that VPen was easy to use and useful during learning activities, and generally had a positive attitude toward using VPen. Furthermore, the students believed that learning activities were 'playful' and useful for improving writing and speaking performance. Further investigation revealed that the students' actual VPen usage had a significant correlation with speaking and writing performance and that students' speaking and writing performance significantly correlated with learning achievement. Based on our findings, we conclude that designed learning activities supported by the VPen system could facilitate students' writing and speaking performance and therefore improve their learning achievement.


Abstract: In the LM13 alloy matrix, ceramic titanium carbide (TiC) and zirconium diboride (ZrB2) particles were used to create and characterise hybrid composites. TiC's weight percentage stayed constant at 5% whereas ZrB2's weight percentage was changed from 0% to 10%. The microstructure of the composites was analysed using an optical microscope after they were made using the liquid metallurgy stir casting technique. The mechanical properties of the composites, including their tensile strength, ductility, and hardness, were evaluated and compared to those of the LM13 alloy without reinforcement


A fluorine-containing imine cationic surfactant preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: performing an amidation reaction between perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl fluoride and N,N'-dimethyl(ethyl)-1,3-propane diamine to obtain an intermediate 1, refining, performing an amidation reaction between the intermediate and alkyl sulfonic acid fluoride (chlorine) or alkyl acyl fluoride (chlorine) to obtain an intermediate 2, refining, reacting with substances such as iodomethane to obtain the fluorine-containing imine cationic surfactant. The surfactant can be used as an emulsifier, a metal surface conditioning agent, a leveling agent, an extinguishing chemical additive, a foam flotation agent and a crude oil evaporating inhibitor. The invention has the following advantages: the surfactant production cost is low; the preparation method is simple; the requirement on production equipment is low; the production technology is concise; the product is environment friendly; the yield is high and the conversion rate of the fluorine containing monomer reaches 100%; the surface performance is excellent, and the lowest water surface tension of some compounds is below 18mN/m.


BACKGROUND The proficiency of nursing professionals in the infection prevention and control (IPC) practices is a core component of the strategy to mitigate the challenge of healthcare associated infections. AIM To test knowledge of nurses working in intensive care units (ICU) in South Asia and Middle East countries on IPC practices. METHODS An online self-assessment questionnaire based on various aspects of IPC practices was conducted among nurses over three weeks. RESULTS A total of 1333 nurses from 13 countries completed the survey. The average score was 72.8% and 36% of nurses were proficient (mean score > 80%). 43% and 68.3% of respondents were from government and teaching hospitals, respectively. 79.2% of respondents worked in < 25 bedded ICUs and 46.5% in closed ICUs. Statistically, a significant association was found between the knowledge and expertise of nurses, the country's per-capita income, type of hospitals, accreditation and teaching status of hospitals and type of ICUs. Working in high- and upper-middle-income countries (β = 4.89, 95%CI: 3.55 to 6.22) was positively associated, and the teaching status of the hospital (β = -4.58, 95%CI: -6.81 to -2.36) was negatively associated with the knowledge score among respondents. CONCLUSION There is considerable variation in knowledge among nurses working in ICU. Factors like income status of countries, public vs private and teaching status of hospitals and experience are independently associated with nurses' knowledge of IPC practices.


The purpose of the study is to determine if counselors perceive secondary school students differently from teachers. A group of 25 effective teachers, as determined by their respective principals, and a group of 25 counselors-in training were interviewed by the author. Each subject com pleted an 84-item Q-sort constructed of items describing an ideal student. Bach item on the Q,-sort was judged by a three-judge panel to describe a student as being more flex ible or more rigid. The two groups were matched according to degrees earned, sex. and age. The teacher group averaged six more years' experience than the counselor group. Each subject's Q,-sort was scored to produce a flexible score or a rigid score according to how the subject perceived the ideal student. A significant difference at the 0.1 level of confidence was found when Chi Square was used to analyze the data. This study suggests that perceptual differences occur be tween two groups of persons in similar helping relationships which may be directly related to the personalities of the helpers. These perceptual differences are necessary for being effective in either helping relationship.


Today, the integration of fieldbus devices into the business LAN of an enterprise is usually accomplished by a proprietary OPC solution. This paper describes a more generic and platform independent approach to represent CAN system information and to manage CAN process data. The CANopen Markup Language (CoML), an XML application, was developed in conjunction with several Java CoML tools to achieve this goal. The main benefit of using XML to describe CAN systems and CAN process data lies in the standardized way to represent structured data enriched by meta-data. XML and the corresponding Document Object Model form a basis for rapid development of CoML applications which provide platform independent access, visualization and storage of CANopen setup information and process data. Due to the intrinsic interchangeability of XML information, CoML documents can be processed and evaluated not only by dedicated CoML applications but also by a wide variety of common XML tools like XML editors or XML databases for example. Since XML documents are especially well suited to be deployed to the WWW, this approach also facilitates convenient access to CAN data via the Internet. This paper gives an introduction to the CANopen Markup Language, the EDS2CoML translator and the CanInvestigator CAN monitoring tool.


Calls for mandatory food traceability are making news in policy discussions ranging over homeland security, country-of-origin labeling, Mad Cow disease, and genetically engineered foods. A frequent underlying assumption is that unlike Europe, the United States does not have food traceability. Here we argue that although the United States does not mandate system-wide traceability, firms have a number of motives for establishing traceability systems; as a result, private-sector traceability systems in the United States are extensive. The breadth, depth, and precision of private traceability systems vary depending on the attributes of interest and each firm's traceability costs and benefits. Mandatory traceability that fails to allow for variation across firms may impose unnecessary costs on firms already operating efficient traceability systems.


We describe a mechanism for the generation of lexical paraphrases of queries posed to an Internet resource. These paraphrases are generated using WordNet and part-of-speech information to propose synonyms for the content words in the queries. Statistical information, obtained from a corpus, is then used to rank the paraphrases. We evaluated our mechanism using 404 queries whose answers reside in the LA Times subset of the TREC-9 corpus. There was a 14% improvement in performance when paraphrases were used for document retrieval.


This paper is a response to replies by Dan Lopez de Sa and Mark Jago to my 'Truthmaking, Entailment, and the Conjuction Thesis'. In that paper, my main aim was to argue against the Entailment Principle by arguing against the Conjunction Thesis, which is entailed by the Entailment Principle. In the course of so doing, although not essential for my project in that paper, I defended the Disjunction Thesis. Lopez de Sa has objected both to my defence of the Disjunction Thesis and my case against the Conjunction Thesis. I shall show that his objections are unfounded and based on serious misunderstandings of my position, what the relevant debate is, and some fundamental notions of Truthmaker Theory. Jago argues that accepting the Disjunction Thesis and rejecting the Conjunction Thesis is hard to maintain. But I show that Jago has not shown that accepting the Disjunction Thesis while rejecting the Conjunction Thesis is impossible or even hard to maintain. Jago believes that, to accept the Disjunction Thesis while rejecting the Conjunction Thesis, one needs to reject his axiom (T), which says that all the truthmakers for !P&P" are truthmakers for !P". I argue that there are reasons to reject such a principle, and the version of it that says that what makes !P&P" true makes !P" true.


Knowledge of the radiological appearances that are the result of child abuse is an integral part of prevention of further, potentially life-threatening, injury. Radiologists must have un understanding of typical injury patterns of the skeletal system, visceral and intra-cranial structures, which should ideally be ordered chronologi-cally. Necessary radiological investigations follow guidelines with specific criteria that are pointed out in this review. In equivocal cases of abuse, the opinion of a second (paediatric)


Marked and unmarked language forms can be distinguished with the level of simplicity or complexity denotations of the forms. Unmarked target language forms may create little or no difficulty, even if they do not exist in the native language of the learner, while marked forms can be relatively difficult for language learners. In addition to the notions of markedness/unmarkedness, there has also been an emphasis on similarity and dissimilarity between the items of first (L1) and second languages (L2). Along with similarity or dissimilarity of L1 and L2 forms, the level of difficulty may vary enormously in different language-specific procedures. In this chapter, therefore, it is intended to build an understanding of the recognized pronunciation and orthographic problems of similar loanwords in both Turkish (L1 of the participants) and English (L2).


In this work, we investigate the pressure wave generated by a so-called vapor cloud explosion (VCE), in the particular case in which the hydrogen-air mixture is homogeneous, presents a hemispheric geometry and the ignition occurs at the center of the hemisphere. Then we compare the results obtained on this particular geometry using three different approaches, namely TNT-equivalence approach, TNO multi-energy approach and ``1D point-symmetric deflagration'' approach, which solves the Fluid Dynamics equations (Computational Fluid Dynamics or CFD approach) in the case of 1D point-symmetric flows. These three approaches have been compared on a large-scale experiment performed at Fraunhofer Institute of Chemical Technology. As we will show, the TNT-equivalence method have shown not to be a good candidate to investigate VCE. The CFD approach gives a pressure field which fits the experimental one, providing that the flame speed is correctly evaluated. Concerning the multi-energy approach, it is possible to establish a relation between its strength index and the fundamental flame speed, a part from a region close to the one containing the burnt gas.


This invention is aimed at providing an encoding-signal-processing method and a device thereof that are able to compress and restore an audio signal at higher efficiency. For the aim of the invention, the disclosed audio-signal-processing method is characterized by comprising the steps of: judging based on primary information whether or not an audio signal type is a music signal,if not, judging based on secondary information whether the audio signal type is a voice signal or a mixed signal,and restoring the audio signal according to a coding method applied to each frame by using coding identification information when the audio signal type is a music signal, a voice signal or a mixed signal. Only the first type information is received if the audio signal type is a music signal, and both the primary information and the secondary information are received if the audio signal type is a voice signal or a mixed signal. Therefore, various audio signals can be encoded and decoded at higher efficiency.


Abstract The Vermont Nursing Internship Project supports the nurse's entry into practice along a continuum of expertise. Developed and supported by a coalition of nurse leaders inclusive of practice settings, education, and regulation, it provides one structure for use in all hospitals throughout the state. A too1 for assessing competence in eight core areas was developed. Along with emphasis placed on developing and supporting new RNs, there is equal recognition for developing the skills of preceptors. Analysis of an initial pilot study resulted in modifications and then implementation as a second pilot. The outcomes of the second pilot show a continued improvement in the transition process from school to work.


This study intended to examine the demand for vocational training for the challenged people. The demand for vocational training by businesses and challenged job-seekers were surveyed in 17 metropolitan cities. The population of challenged job-seekers were male and female challenged people aged between 15 and 64. The population of businesses was the businesses hiring 10 or more full-time employees. The number of challenged job-seekers referred to the list of registered challenged people as of December 2014. The number of businesses throughout the country referred to the National Survey of Businesses and Employees by Industry (2013). Key results of the survey on the demand for vocational training for challenged job-seekers are as follows; The estimated number of challenged job-seekers is 49,643. 37,979 of them demand vocational training and 27,052 of them can join the vocational training within 3 months. Key results of the survey on the demand for vocational training for challenged people by businesses are as follows; 68,436 responded that they can hire challenged people depending on the duties considering the number of employees they plan to hire. Among them, 55,209 required vocational training in order to fulfill the duties. The total number of training courses that workers need to complete in order to carry out duties was 94,795.


In this paper,based on the construction of the index system for financial evaluation of public corporations,a multiple financial system(MFS) is obtained by using grey incidence analysis method.Thus the simple and effective way of comprehensive evaluating the financial situation of public corporations is gived,and the objective and reasonable basis of making investment decision is provided.


Richard Walzer was born in Germany in 1900. After studying at the University of Berlin he taught philosophy there as a Privatdozent. He married Sofie, daughter of the well-known art publisher Bruno Cassirer, and in 1933, when the advent of Hitler to power began to create difficulties, they went to Rome, where he taught and pursued research in classical and Islamic philosophy, until once more discrimination against Jews compelled them to leave. They came to Oxford, where Richard became lecturer (in 1945) and later Reader (in 1960) in Arabic and Greek philosophy. He was a Fellow of St Catherine's College from 1962 until his retirement in 1970, and then an Emeritus Fellow. From 1956 he was a Fellow of the British Academy. In spite of the disturbances to his life and career caused by the political events of his time, he was able to finish and publish a considerable amount of research: editions of works by Heraclitus and Aristotle, two volumes of the Plato Arabus, edited with Franz Rosenthal and Paul Kraus respectively, two editions of books by Galen (On Medical Experience and On Jews and Christians), a volume of essays on the history of Arabic philosophy (Greek into Arabic), and a series of lectures on its earlier development, given at the College de France (L'eveil de la philosophie islamique). His major work, an edition and translation of al-Farabi's al-Mad7na al-fddila, with a commentary, was published after his death as Al-Farabi on the Perfect State. There is a bibliography of his published works in the Festschrift which was presented to him on his 70th birthday: Islamic Philosophy and the Classical Tradition, edited by S.M. Stern, A. Hourani and V. Brown (Oxford, Bruno Cassirer, 1972). A brief biography and an assessment of his work, written by D.A. Russell, appeared in the Proceedings of the British Academy, 73 (1987), 705-710. The talk which is here published was given to the Near East History Group at Oxford in March 1967. This was a small group of teachers of Islamic and Middle Eastern subjects which met regularly to discuss books and topics in Islamic history and to arrange occasional conferences. We invited Richard to talk to us about the way in which he became an Islamic scholar, and I have a memory of a dimly-lit room in All Souls' College (probably Samuel Stern's room), and of Richard holding his typescript very close to his eyes and reading from it in a firm, clear voice which expressed something of the deep feelings which the memory of his life and of his teachers aroused in him. I came across the typescript recently. He must have sent it to me; it is marked 'Please return some time', but it is clear that I never returned it. I think it is worth publishing now, a quarter of a century later, not only because it will bring back a memory of Richard Walzer to those who knew him, but also because it conveys, expressed in moving language, two lessons of permanent value. One of them is that of the importance of the connection between Greek and Islamic


Earlier this year I attended a weekend course, Community TV and You, conducted by Janis Lesinkis at the University of Melbourne. During discussions there I became increasingly aware of the valuable resource and exciting opportunities community television can offer students and teachers of media. In this report I hope to pass on some of that enthusiasm and encouragement as well as draw attention to the desirability of developing a reciprocal relationship where students and teachers offer their resources and thus play a supportive role in the growth of community television.


The syntheses, resolution and structure of three oxalato complexes of cobalt(III) with tetramine ligand, R(4), R(6)- and R(4), S(6)-4,6-dimethyl-1,9-nonanediamine (RR- and RS-2,3″, 2-tet), and R(6), S(8)-6,8-dimethyl-2,5,9,12-tetraazatridecane (N,N′-Me2-RS-2,3″,2-tet) are reported. Only one geometrical isomer (cisβ) was isolated for each complex, [Co(ox)(N,N′-Me2-RS-2,3,″,2-tet)]+, [Co(ox)RS-2,3″,2-tet]+ and [Co(ox)RR-2,3″,2-tet]+· The central six-membered chelate rings of (−)546-cis β-[Co(ox)(N,N′-Me2-RS-2,3″,2-tet]+ and (−)546-cis β-[Co(ox)(RS-2,3″,2-tet)]+ take a chair conformation with two equatorial methyl groups, and that of (−)546-cis β-[Co-(ox)(RR-2,3″,2-tet)]+ a chair conformation with an axial and equatorial methyl group.


LLOIMMUNIZATION represents the main clinical A problem limiting the benefits of platelet transfusions to patients with leukemia and other bone marrow failure states. Alloimmunization is characterized clinically by the failure to obtain adequate platelet count increments and should be suspected if platelet counts 10 to 60 minutes after transfusion are compromised.',' The clinical diagnosis can be confirmed serologically by the measurement of antibodies against class-I HLA antigens, usually using a standard lymphocytotoxicity a~say.' .~-~ Antibody against plateletspecific antigens is the cause of refractoriness in only a small fraction of patients, although antibody techniques using the platelet as the target cell can also be used to confirm the presence of clinically relevant alloantibody? Studies of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), conducted at our institution in the 1970s, showed alloimmunization in approximately 40% to 50% of newly diagnosed patients receiving multiple random donor platelet transfusions.1o311 More recently, only about 25% to 30% of patients with AML have become refractory to randomdonor platelet transfusion at our center and Antibody levels and specificity can also decrease with time, so that some patients can be transfused successfully with random donor platelets once again." The development of alloimmunization is independent of the number of transfusions admini~tered'~; patients also tend to become alloimmunized early in the treatment course." If alloimmunization has not developed within the first 4 to 6 weeks of chemotherapy and transfusion, antibody infrequently develops later despite repeated transfusions. Thus, it is possible at the end of induction therapy, when decisions about further chemotherapy treatment programs are being made, to predict difficulties in transfusion support in individual patients. The management of alloimmunized patients is problematic. The standard approach is to administer closely HLAmatched platelets obtained by single donors using apheresis technology. Despite refinements of methods of donor selection, as many as 40% to 60% of "histocompatible" transfusions administered to alloimmunized patients are unsuccessfu1.14-'6 In addition, it is often difficult to identify large numbers of HLA-typed donors for individual patients, particularly for patients with unusual HLA types." There is a suggestion that cross-matching using platelet antibody testing can supplement and improve on these results, but few large, prospective trials have been There are no proven approaches to the management of bleeding in alloimmunized patients when histocompatible donors cannot be located. Therapeutic maneuvers that are successful in immune thrombocytopenic purpura, such as the administration of high-dose intravenous gamma globulin, are ineffective in alloimmunized patients.'l Thus, any means by which alloimmunization could be eliminated would be of considerable clinical consequence, particularly because chemotherapeutic approaches in patients with AML and acute lymphocytic leukemia have more recently focused on intensive postremission therapy, including bone marrow transplantation. Perhaps what is most biologically interesting is that the majority of patients receiving large amounts of antigen do not form antibody and behave as if they were "immune tolerant." There is a large body of in vitro and preclinical evidence suggesting that the leukocytes contaminating platelet suspensions are the primary stimulus for alloimmunizati~n.'~~~~ Dausset and Rapaport26 demonstrated that highly purified platelet preparations injected intradermally failed to induce sensitization to skin grafts from the same human donors, whereas lymphocytes from the same donor reliably induced sensitization with rejection of subsequent skin grafts.26 Analogous results were observed in murine models, with the additional observation that the injection of purified platelet preparations alone produced a state of t~lerance.''~~~ Although the mechanism is poorly understood, it appears that presentation of class I and class I1 antigens by intact, viable leukocytes is required for initial processing by the immune system; platelets do not express class-I1 (Dr) histocompatibility antigens. More recently, it has been shown that UV-B irradiation can also abrogate the ability of lymphocytes to serve as stimulating cells both in vitro and in vivo.27 Doses of UV-B irradiation sufficient to abolish reactivity in mixed lymphocyte reactions do not affect platelet function in vitro or the posttransfusion survival of radio-labeled autologous platelet^.^^'^" Canine recipients of UV-B irradiated platelets had a much lower incidence of alloimmunization compared with control ani mal^.^' Based on these compelling preclinical observations, there has been considerable interest in the clinical application of different methods of leukocyte removal or modification to reduce the incidence of alloimmunization. In an early controlled study performed at our institution, there was no significant reduction in alloimmunization when leukocyte depletion was performed by simple centrifugation techniques.'* However, it is likely that centrifugation did not remove sufficient numbers of contaminating leukocytes from the platelet concentrates (PC). Other, uncontrolled


PURPOSE
Micellar solubilization is a powerful alternative for dissolving hydrophobic drugs in aqueous environments. In this work, we provide an insight into this subject.

METHODS
A concise review of surfactants and micelles applications in pharmacy was carried out.

RESULTS
Initially, a description of surfactants and aqueous micellar systems is presented. Following, an extensive review on micellar drug solubilization, including both the principles involved on this phenomenon and the work already done regarding solubilization of drugs by micelles is presented. The application of micelles in drug delivery, in order to minimize drug degradation and loss, to prevent harmful side effects, and to increase drug bioavailability, is also presented. Special emphasis is given to the more recent use of polymeric micelles. Finally, we briefly discuss the importance of surfactants and micelles as biological systems models as well as its application in micellar catalysis.

CONCLUSIONS
As can be seen from the review presented, the use of micelles in pharmacy is an important tool that finds numerous applications.


An evaluation is made of the key features of shelf angle support and its related components with suggested alignment tolerances; shimming methods; flashing treatment to avoid corrosion, movement restricting mortar placement, and water permeance to the interior; and sealing of the joint between the flashing and masonry below.


Nearly every state and federal grant Request for Proposal (RFP) involving human subjects and programming components requires the submission to include a plan for sustainability. The sustainability plan is often the most difficult piece of the proposal to write and can be a huge hurdle to complete the proposal. However, strategies are available for systematically designing and presenting the sustainability plan, including: utilizing data obtained from the project; aligning the targeted audience with the Request for Application (RFA), developing detailed descriptions of services and activities post-funding; identifying key staff needed to manage future programming; involving key stakeholders in identifying strategies; and finding champions for your cause.


There exists in the serum α-globulins an immunosuppressive factor(s) which was first described by Kamrin (1), and subsequently separated chromatographically by Mowbray (2), and by our laboratories (3, 4). This factor has been demonstrated to prolong skin grafts (3) and to inhibit antibody formation (5, 6). We have also found that this factor inhibits lymphocyte proliferation induced in vitro by both mitogens and antigens (4). We have recently found that the active factor is a polypeptide(s) which migrates electrophoretically with, and may be bound to, an α-globulin protein(s) (7). We have called the active material "immunoregulatory α-globulin" (IRA).4
 The mechanism of action of this immunosuppressive factor remains to be determined. Studying mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes in tissue culture, we have observed that the IRA is not suppressive if this agent is added after the lymphocytes have become activated (8). This observation suggests that the IRA acts upon the early events involved in antigen recognition.


The new Queensferry Crossing in Scotland, UK, is a durable structure designed to minimise degradation and withstand the challenging environment of the Forth estuary. High-performance materials, rig...


The plant has grown from a very small beginning-a frame cottage and fourteen patients. Today it is a truly modern plant, ideally located, consisting of five separate pavilions, administration building, dining-room, domestic department, and farm. The nurses' home is a home, bright and sunny, with sleeping porches for all. The state is able to care for 192 patients; there are private rooms, no room has more than two beds, each room has a private sun porch, the ventilation is the best, no rooms being on the opposite side of the corridor. Since 1929 serious problems have confronted all public and private health institutions and the public health work in most counties and schools has suffered. This is especially true in Western agricultural states like South Dakota. Dr. Floyd Coslett, present superintendent of the Sanitarium, recognized that expenses must be cut and that health teaching should reach more than 192 patients. It should be felt all over the state.


Moving an antenna assembly for a wireless communication device having a first surface and the second surface has a third surface and a fourth support surface extending therebetween. A conductive ground plane is formed on the second surface. The antenna includes first and second electrically conductive legs and the electrically conductive strips in contact with the first electrically conductive patch positioned on the surface, and all the patches. In one version, the first and second legs and the strip all are on the third surface. In yet another version, the first and the second leg is on the first surface of the strip 3 is on the perpendicular to the fourth surface to the third surface. A first signal port is adapted to apply a first signal to the first leg is a second signal port is adapted to apply a second signal to the third leg.


The origin of the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe is still a great mystery. Numerous cosmological models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. Modern days' technology and equipment have allowed scientists to successfully execute many observations in cosmology and astrophysics: space missions, large ground-based telescopes and gravitational-wave antennas have led to important discoveries and ruled out many models. The Lambda-Cold Dark Matter, model provides a coherent and satisfactory framework to accommodate all fundamental observations. Therefore it is called the "standard model of cosmology''. Despite its many successes, Lambda CDM requires the introduction of dark energy in the form of an unnaturally small cosmological constant and is plagued by fine-tuning problems ("why do dark energy, dark matter and baryons have comparable energy densities today?''). The elementary particle candidates which are assumed to form the cold dark matter component have never been directly detected. These facts can be taken as possible indications of a potential crisis. This has motivated the introduction of various alternative models, among which a novel class of modified gravity theories, called "mimetic gravity'' or "mimetic dark matter-theory'', which aims at explaining both the dark energy and (at least part of) the dark matter components as consequences of a suitable modification of the gravitational theory w.r.t. Einstein General Relativity. (Chapter 1 and 2)

In this PhD thesis, we propose the "generalized mimetic gravity theory", which arises in full generality by means of a non-invertible disformal transformation of the most general single scalar field scalar-tensor theory of gravity and implemented our idea for Horndeski and beyond-Horndeski models. This novel class of models is a generalization of the so-called mimetic dark matter theory recently introduced by Chamseddine and Mukhanov, as discussed in Chapters 2 and 3. It can source the background evolution of the universe by mimicking any perfect fluid, including radiation, dark matter, and dark energy. In this chapter, we also show that very general single-scalar-field scalar-tensor theories of gravity are generically invariant under invertible disformal transformations.

In Chapter 4 we analyze linear scalar perturbations around a flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) background in mimetic Horndeski gravity and show that the sound speed is zero on all backgrounds and therefore the system does not have any wave-like scalar degrees of freedom.

Further, we present mimetic vector-tensor theories. In particular, we establish that the non-invertible disformal transformation at the origin of the normalization constraint term in the Einstein-Aether theory, i.e., that the Einstein-Aether theory is also in the class of mimetic theories. We shall also show that an Einstein-Maxwell system sourced by dust can be recovered in the weak limit of a minimal Einstein-Aether theory and that vector field becomes rotation and acceleration free in such a limit (Chapter 5).

Finally, in the concluding Chapter 6, we wind up the thesis by discussing some applications and future research directions in mimetic theories of gravity.
% So far, it is not ruled out by any observations.

The Chapters 3 and 4 are based on our published papers and Chapter 5 is based on the material which will appear in a forthcoming paper (P. Karmakar, T. Koivisto, D. Mota and S. Mukohyama)


The preferences of major stakeholders in the Fijian public sector reporting process as to who should set government accounting standards and monitor their application are investigated by comparing the preferences of Parliamentarians, internal and external users, and preparers. There is support from all groups for the introduction of accounting standards but perceptions of the relativity of benefits exhibit diversity. There is disparity in choices of auditors for different types of entities, but there is strong support for the Office of the Auditor General (OAG) as the monitor for departments and for private sector auditors to compete for audits of statutory bodies.


The invention relates to a non-torque terylene false-twist textured yarn suitable for high-speed weaving and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of guaranteeing that a finished strand silver has the non-torque characteristic, the crimp shrinkage is low, the strand integrity is good, the unreeling performance is high, the yarn is suitable for high-speed weaving, the weaving speed can be further increased, the cloth cover of a fabric is flat and various functions can be achieved. The method comprises the following important steps of: driving the driving shafts 2 of a two-ingot-position false twister to rotate in two reverse directions by a same rotary tangential belt 1 on the conventional false twist texturing machine by taking adjacent ingot positions A and B as a group respectively, driving driven shafts 3 by small wheel belts 5 to keep rotary motion in the same direction as the driving shafts, thereby machining a strand silk 7 in S twist and Z twist respectively; after machining two strand silks through low-temperature low drawing of a first heat box 6 and low-speed-ratio false twist deformation of a false twister 4 respectively, combining the strand silvers to an ingot position by a groove rotary silver guide 10 behind an ingot position false twister 4; stranding at a silver guide device 9 in front of a network spray nozzle; combining and compounding through the network spray nozzle 8; and performing high-temperature forming through a second heat box 11 to wind and form to prepare the non-torque terylene false-twist textured yarn suitable for high-speed weaving.


The author believes that "the German people in the end must shape their future for themselves and take the place in the life of the peoples that is their own." "The German," he believes, "has forfeited his leading position in world politics. He must be prepared to accept a permanently inferior position in military affairs." But, he concludes, "she has won no enduring good through her wars. Her best, her happiest, and her most famous eras were those in which she pursued the works of peace and governed herself. Germany can again be a happy nation if she resolutely chooses peace instead of war, right instead of might." There is more good sense and advice, and more humility and repentance, in this book—now a testament from a respected leader of Weimar Germany—than I have found in any recent book by any German.


Abstract The paper underlines the main requirements of customized mass production, with special emphasis on the real-time ability and cooperativeness. Main goals of a large-scale national industry-academia R&D project aimed at improving the performance of a production network that produces consumer goods in large quantities and variability are highlighted. An integrated approach is presented for planning the behavior of the system at network-, factory- and plant level, as well as for adapting various plans to real execution conditions.


Introduction and Objectives: There has been a gradual decline in interest in postmortem audit worldwide despite the enormous potential value of the autopsies. In many paediatric centres across Nigeria, there is no policy providing the use of autopsy statistics in the main business of paediatric practice or as a means of assessing a centres' performance. Even where such a policy exists, there is no compelling law for the incorporation of the statistics into daily paediatric practice. This study set out to survey the attitude and perception of child healthcare practitioners in Nigeria towards post-mortem examination in improving patients care. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done on participants attending a paediatric conference in Abuja, Nigeria. There were 250 respondents, who cut across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria, consisting of paediatric consultants, residents and nurses. The study was done using self-administered questionnaires and data analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: All (100%) participants believed autopsy practice was valuable and had a positive effect on medical practice. Sixteen (6.4%) respondents never request for autopsies, 120 (48.0%) respondents request for it rarely, 34 (13.6%) make a request often while 10 (4%) request for autopsies very often. Eighty-four (33.6%) respondents have never attended an autopsy session. The interval between autopsies and issuance of reports ranges from 0-3 weeks (48.0%) to > 6 weeks (8.8%). The usual indications for requesting for autopsies include knowing the cause of death (85%), inability to arrive at a clinical diagnosis antemortem (71.2%) and improving clinical diagnosis skill and patient care (60.0%). Original Research Article Okechukwu; AJMPCP, 3(2): 19-25, 2020; Article no.AJMPCP.55224 20 Conclusion: Autopsy practice is useful in paediatric practice but it is rarely requested for and infrequently attended by the child healthcare practitioner. There is a need to change the attitude and perception of all healthcare workers in paediatric practice through proper orientation and education.


Rheography or impedance plethysmography is a non-invasive medical method of electrical resistance measurements that reflects blood vol-ume changes of a tissue. Rheogram signals are usually processed by the form analyze where quantity assessment based on characteristic point. But rheography signal might be so spe-cific in the case of some disease that this method is not possible to use. Therefore we re-search possibility of using phase plane method for rheogram analyze for more accurate diagnose. We have registered signals from four group of patient: healthy, with vascular dystonia, neurocirculatory dystonia and hypertension pathology. Different types of signal preprocessing in particular filtration with soft threshold are compared to accept appropri-ate result from applying phase plane method. The most appropriate result is achieved by applying discrete wavelet transform with coefficient based on Hirst ratio. Diagnostic value of rheograms analysis by their phase portraits is proved. Especially, it is possible to recog-nize norm and pathology by two quantitative measures of phase portrait: diameter and square.


Bacterial cellulose was investigated regarding its suitability as a carbon fiber precursor as well as its potential in energy harvesting applications due to its inherent piezoelectric properties. Graphitization of bacterial cellulose was found to be insufficient up to treatment temperatures of 2200 ◦C. The resulting structure without hot-stretching during the process is amorphous. Piezoelectricity was confirmed in bacterial cellulose. BC cantilevers were induced to oscillate via an electrical field applied across the thickness of the cantilever. Due to the random network structure of BC, methods for aligned growth were tested. Spatially confined growth on a patterned PDMS substrate resulted in aligned fiber threads.


Abstract Ionic liquid lignins are prepared from sodium lignosulfonate by a cation exchange reaction and display glass transition temperatures as low as −13 °C. Diethyleneglycol‐functionalized protic cations inhibit lignin aggregation to produce a free‐flowing "ionic liquid lignin", despite it being a high‐molecular‐weight polyelectrolyte. Through this approach, the properties of both lignin and ionic liquids are combined to create a dispersant and binder for cellulose+gluten mixtures to produce small microphases. Biocomposite testing pieces are produced by hot‐pressing this mixture, yielding a material with fewer defects and improved toughness in comparison to other lignins. The use of unmodified lignosulfonate, acetylated lignosulfonate, or free ionic liquid for similar materials production yields poorer substances because of their inability to maximize interfacial contact and complexation with cellulose and proteins.


INTRODUCTION: Dysmenorrhea is the most frequent painful condition in adolescents and young women causing absenteeism and presenteeism at work and at school. It is characterized by a mild, moderate or severe pain in the anterior pelvic region of the colic type, wich can happen before during or after menstrual flow. OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in pelvic pain caused by primary dysmenorrhea with the electrodes applied in the anterior and posterior pelvic region. METHODS: 50 university students were randomly assigned to two groups of 25 volunteers: Anterior Pelvic Region Group (GA) and Posterior Pelvic Region Group (GP), who were submitted to TENS for 30 minutes and the intensity increased every 10 minutes and evaluated by the Visual Analog Pain Scale before, after and two hours after the end of treatment. GA participants had the electrodes applied in the anterior pelvic region and GB in the posterior pelvic region. RESULTS: There was a decrease in the pain in the moments before and after treatment (GA and GP p<0.0001) and before and two hours after treatment (GA and GP p <0.0001). In the moments after the treatment and two hours after its end it was possible to observe increase in the pain in GA (p=1.0000) and a decrease in the GP, however, the values were not statistically significant (p=0.8443). CONCLUSION: The use of TENS contributed to the reduction of pain in women in both groups, without statistical difference between them. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-67cjv5.


The home automation is the future and important part of a house. The home automation is highly reliable in system for controlling house electrical appliances. As technologies improves the home automation system are becoming smarter and can regulate certain tasks automatically and autonomously. The home automation systems are cost effective and reduces the consumption of energy of household and cut the cost of electricity bills. In this paper a home automation system is discussed, the system controls the electrical appliance of house by using user interface device and speech recognition technology by using micro-controller device via a Bluetooth module and a mechanical relay acting as a switch for controlling electrical appliances.


Attacks on embedded devices are likely to occur any time in unexpected manners. Thus, the defense systems based on fixed sets of rules will easily be subverted by such unexpected, unknown attacks. Learning-based anomaly detection may potentially prevent new unknown zero-day attacks by leveraging the capability of machine learning (ML) to learn the intricate true nature of software hidden within raw information. This paper introduces our work to develop an MPSoC, called RTAD, which can efficiently support in hardware various ML models that run to detect anomalous behaviors on embedded devices in a real-time fashion, and thus enable the devices to counteract the anomalies in the field. In the IoT era, the importance of security for embedded devices cannot be exaggerated because they will become an enticing target for adversaries as they are being integrated into everyday life to provide users with various services. The above-mentioned potential of learning-based detection is believed to benefit those deployed devices under attacks occurring any time during their field operations in unexpected manners. We hereby assume that ML models are trained with runtime branch information as their data features since a sequence of branches serves as a record of control flow transfers during program execution. In fact, there have been numerous ML studies that examine various types of branches in order to infer (or detect) anomaly in branch behaviors that may be induced by diverse attacks that can cause deviant control flow in software. Our goal of real-time anomalous branch behavior inference poses two challenges to our development of RTAD. Firstly, RTAD must collect and transfer in a timely fashion a sequence of branches as the input to the ML model. Secondly, RTAD must be able to promptly process the delivered branch data with the ML model. To tackle these challenges, we have implemented in RTAD two core components: an input generation module and a GPU-inspired ML processing engine. According to our experiments, RTAD enables various ML models to infer anomaly instantly after the victim program behaves aberrantly as the result of attacks being injected into the system.


This discussion is definitely limited to a consideration of two major points: First, the varied etiologic factors responsible for post-operative pulmonary complications; second, the role of early bronchoscopy in preventing, aborting or relieving some of these complications. No effort will be made to fully describe the final pathology that may be encountered nor will there be consideration of the bronchoscopic treatment of established pulmonary lesions long after the period of immediate surgical convalescence. The etiology of postoperative pulmonary complications has long been a matter of interest. Many theories have been advanced, and no one theory has been sufficient to explain all cases. It is . necessary to consider all factors which may playa primary role in the causation of these complications, and some additional factors which may play very important secondary roles. Etiologic factors of primary importance are: 1. Embolism. 2. Pulmonary congestion. 3. Infection by lymphatics or direct extension. 4. Foreign material in the airways. S. Disturbances of the intrinsic pulmonary neuromuscular mechanism. 6. Disturbances of the extrinsic respiratory mechanism. Factors of secondary importance are: 1. Pre-existing pulmonary disease. 2. Infecting organisms which may accompany emboli, foreign material in the airways or be resident in the lower airways. 3. Irritation from anesthetics. 4. Lowered resistance on the part of the patient. S. Infection in the upper air passages or mouth.


From high-resolution optical CCD spectra, were formed rotation curves for eight spiral galaxies in the Virgo Cluster (NGC 4178, 4237, 4388, 4501, 4568, 4569, 4579, and 4654). A comparison with rotation curves formed from VLA observations shows excellent agreement for the galaxies abserved at 21 cm with 15 arcsec resolution. However, for galaxies observed at 45 arcsec resolution, the 21-cm velocities are lower than the optical velocities at virtually all radii covered by the optical velocities. The initial rise of the rotation curve is often well matched by the low-resolution observations, an unexpected result. A computer program that models the VLA observations confirms that observations at low spatial and velocity resolution will produce low rotation velocities, especially in the region of the turnover of the rotation curve. 7 refs.


Disposable polymer-structure filter kits 100, a stem 115 with a disposable polymer having a discharge port (116) comprises a funnel structure (110). Installing a polymer filter disc 119 in the funnel 110 and the filtered liquid passes through the place. Filtered kit 100 further includes a glass vacuum adapter 112 is attached with a vacuum inlet 120 to provide a negative pressure connected to a vacuum source. Adapter 112 is fixed loosely inserted into the funnel 110, because the outlet is located below the vacuum suction port 120, not of contaminants contained in the adapter 112. The Reusable glass round bottom flask of the stem 114, and a disposable vial 214 in the adapter 112 and the funnel 110, 115 is entered. Funnel 110 and the filter disk 119 does not have to be cleaned after made on a single-use material, used.


Daily assessment of pain in adults with sickle cell disease. Annals of Internal Medicine, 148, 94–101. Sujit, S., Licursi, M. & Bhatia, M. (2013) Sickle cell disease: time for a closer look at treatment options? British Journal of Haematology, 162, 455–464. Turhan, A., Weiss, L.A., Mohandas, N., Mohandas, N., Coller, B.S. & Frenette, P.S. (2002) Primary role for adherent leukocytes in sickle cell vascular occlusion: a new paradigm. PNAS, 99, 3047–3051.