This paper deals with a new genus and a new species of Erigonine spiders collected from Xinjiang Uygur Au tonomous Region, China. All type speciemens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Norman Bethune Universi ty of Medical Sciences. Maxillodens gen. nov. Diagnosis: The new genus belongs to Linyphiidae. Head normal, without sulci and lobes. Tm I 0.31—0.35.Ⅳ metatarsus without trichobothrium. Ⅰ—Ⅱ tibiae each with 2 dorsal spines, Ⅲ—Ⅳ tibiae each with 1 dorsal spine. Ventral surface of male spider endite with 6—-9 warts each carrying a hair, The wart on the antero—lateral corner of the endite is more bigger, and the wart on the midpoint of the inner margin is the biggest, these two warts are more or less denticle like, the other warts of male spider and the whole warts on the female endites are very small and not obvious. Embolus whip Like. Epigynum triangular, posterior corner thickended, the position of recepta cles slightly prominent. Type species: Maxillodens flagellatus sp. nov. Etymology: The generic name is a noun which is masculine in gender. Taxonomic discussion: Because they all have long whip like embolus, the new genus and Cnephalocotes Simon 1884, Mecopisthes Simon 1926 and Silometopus Simon 1926 are all belong to the E group of the classification of male palpus which made by Merrett in 1963, and also belong to the Pelecopsis Group classified according to the con formation of the male palpal organs which made by Millidge in 1977. But the new genus differs from the other 3 genera by the tibial dorsal spines is 2—2—1—1, and the latter 3 genera are all 1—1—1—1. Maxillodens flagellatus sp. nov. (figs. a—h) Holotype: ♂, allotype: ♀, paratypes: 1♀1♂, Bohu County (41.9°N, 86.6°E). Xinjiang, paddy fields, March 15, 1982; paratypes: 4♂♂, Bohu County, Xinjiang, paddy fields, October 20, 1983; paratype: 1♀, Korla City (41. 7°N, 86.1°E), Xinjiang, September 12, 1988; all of the samples were collected by Zhou Na—Li. Male Total length 1.78—2.00mm. A speciemen of 1.78mm measured: carapace 0.85mm long, 0.63mm wide; abdomen 0.93mm long. 0.65mm wide. Anterior fang furrow of chelicera with 3 teeth, posterior fang fur row with 4 teeth. Distal end of palpal tibia with 2 round apophyses and between these 2 apophyses there is a small black dorsal finger like apophysis. Female Total length 1.80—2.00mm. A speciemen of 1.93mm measured; carapace0.85mm long, 0.63mm wide; abdomen 1.08mm long, 0.75mm wide. Anterior fang furrow of chelicera with 3 teeth, posterior fang fur row with 5 small teeth.


We prove that a potential $q$ can be reconstructed from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for the Schrodinger operator $-\Delta_g + q$ in a fixed admissible 3-dimensional Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$. We also show that an admissible metric $g$ in a fixed conformal class can be constructed from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for $\Delta_g$. This is a constructive version of earlier uniqueness results by Dos Santos Ferreira et al. on admissible manifolds, and extends the reconstruction procedure of Nachman in Euclidean space. The main points are the derivation of a boundary integral equation characterizing the boundary values of complex geometrical optics solutions, and the development of associated layer potentials adapted to a cylindrical geometry.


A new bidirectional flyback converter is introduced in this study. To provide soft-switching condition, two identical auxiliary circuits are applied to both sides of the converter, without using any extra switches. These circuits do not impose high voltage or current stresses on the converter. To transfer the power in each direction, only one switch is gated through pulse-width modulation technique. So, the control circuit of this converter is very simple. Regardless of the power flow direction, the switch of the converter is turned on under zero-current condition and is almost turned off under zero-voltage condition. The experimental results of the proposed bidirectional converter are presented to verify the theoretical analysis.


The role of pulmonary macrophages in the pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) remains poorly understood. CD163 a scavenger receptor expressed on monocyte/macrophage cells, increases during resolution of inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. It is suggested that the alveolar macrophage population in IPF is complex and adopts a pro-fibrotic phenotype. A recent study performed on lung biopsies demonstrated increased CD163 positive macrophages in ILDs in comparison with controls, and higher CD163 expression in other fibrotic lung diseases compared with IPF. In this study we analysed fresh BAL cells of patients at the time of diagnosis. Patients with IPF (n=33) and other ILDs (n=17), as well as control subjects (n=12) were included. Patients' characteristics were analysed, including pulmonary function tests and smoking history. CD163 expression was analysed in alveolar macrophages identified as FSChighSSChighCD45+CD11c+ cells by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we analysed the correlation between CD163 percentage and pulmonary function (FVC, DLco) at the time of diagnosis as well as during follow-up period. CD163 positive macrophages were significantly higher in IPF (62.4±20.4%) relative to controls (40.8±18.3%) while there was no significant difference among fibrotic ILDs. The percentage of CD163 did not show significant correlation with pulmonary function parameters. Our results showed elevated expression of CD163 on alveolar macrophages in the BAL in fibrotic lung diseases, however the heterogeneity of the alveolar macrophages warrants further evaluation in order to clarify the subtypes and activation of ILD macrophages.


Academic journals have been popularly published on Internet. In this article, the typical Internet - based publishing technologies and their feasibilities are analyzed, and a new structure and working flow of online publishing system are proposed.


In recent years the demand for mobile communication has increased rapidly. While in the early years of mobile phones battery life was one of the main concerns for developers speech quality is now becoming one of the most important factors in the development of the next generation of mobile phones.
This paper describes the CMOS implementation of an adaptive
noise canceller (ANC) into a subband filter. The ANC-Subband filter is able to reduce noise components of real speech without prior knowledge of the noise properties. It is predestined to be used in mobile devices and therefore, uses a very low clock frequency
resulting in a small power consumption. This low power consumption combined with its small physical size enables the circuit also be used in hearing aids to efficiently reduce noise contained in the speech signal.


A cryogenic on-wafer measurement setup for the characterization of semiconductor devices and superconducting materials is introduced. It allows an exact small-signal analysis of the investigated devices at temperatures down to 20 K in the frequency range up to 40 GHz. Measurements on a pseudomorphic HEMT (high-electron-mobility transistor) with a gate length of 0.55 mu m and on a superconducting filter have been carried out and show the applicability of the system. Although the HEMT is optimized for low-temperature operation, the device exhibits an improved microwave performance at low temperatures. While the transit frequency of the transistor increases from about 43 GHz at room temperature to 54 GHz at 20 K, the cutoff frequency of the unilateral gain rises from 120 GHz up to 195 GHz. The filter characteristic of the high-T/sub c/ superconductor, represented by the Q-factor and the center frequency, was found to be strongly dependent on temperature. However, near the critical temperature the Q-factor increases from Q approximately=100 at 20 K to Q approximately=3000 at 76 K.<<ETX>>


The research study was aimed at investigating the impact of palm oil mill effluent on the surrounding soil at selected factory location within Calabar and Uyo. POME polluted soil samples were randomly collected at surface (depths of 0-15cm) and sub-surface (15cm-30cm) levels from Uruk Etta Ikot in Etim Ekpo L.G.A and Eyop industries at Akamkpa L.G.A. The study was completed within a duration of six months. All the procedures were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Replicate readings were subjected to analysis of variance and presented as means (± standard deviation) at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that the palm oil mill effluent impacted soil had bacteria and fungi counts of 9.4±0.28 x 10 4 cfu/g and 8.87±0.75 x 10 4 cfu/g respectively and were higher than bacteria and fungi counts obtained in the POME and control soil samples. A total of eight (8), twenty nine (29) and ten (10) culturable isolates were recovered from the palm oil mill effluent, impacted soil and control respectively. Bacillus and Aspergillus spp were the most abundant species. Physicochemical parameters investigated were significantly higher for the POME impact soils from both locations than the control samples. Palm oil mil effluent polluted soil samples collected from Calabar showed significantly higher (p>0.05) COD, BOD, TSS organic carbon, nitrogen, available phosphorus, calcium  magnesium, and oil and grease  content compared to that of Uyo. However, this is environmentally significant and indicative of gross contamination which could in turn stimulate a wide variety of environmental issues .


A controller is designed based on BP neural network in this paper, which is applied to compensate the nonlinearity of electromagnetic valve of ABS, such as time-delay, etc. Thus, an intelligent controller is used to improve the quality of pressure adjustment in ABS. Data for training BP neural network is obtained from actual ABS. The cases for pressure-increase and pressure-decrease are studied, respectively. And the parameters of BP neural network are optimized. Finally, experiments including hardware in the loop are executed to verify the effectiveness of the provided design with the low adhesion road condition. And the quality of ABS is improved.


Early detection of lung cancer stages is deeply under consideration of scientists. By day, high rate of mortality might be caused by cancer of lung over the world. Detecting appropriate tools to determine the early stages of lung cancer is urgently needed. Over the years, recent tools such as position emission tomography/computed tomography, Tranbronchial needle aspiration, endobronchial ultrasound, esophageal ultrasound, medical thoracoscopy and Non-invasive biomarkers have been performed and many studies have estimated where they can be effective alternative in lung cancer diagnostic and staging algorithms. By accurate detection, lung cancer can be managed and treated efficiently. Surgery is considered as the only treatment for lung cancer. Consequently, finding out alternative treatment and reliable management are required.


It is well-known that manual image segmentation of vast 3D data sets is a challenging task in computed electron tomography and has been one of the most significant hurdles in comprehensive 3D analysis. A volume rendering approach has often been preferred for 3D visualization owing to its simplicity and speed, even though a detailed representation of the features in 3D is compromised, leading to the loss of critical morphological and quantitative information. To address this problem, we have investigated deep learning architectures of U-Net with specific decoder units' variants using the 3D analysis of a -Alumina (Al2O3)/ Pt catalytic material in a class imbalance situation [1,2,3]. In heterogeneous catalysts, complex surface structure, relatively poor intrinsic contrast of the oxide support material, and sparse distribution of the catalytic nanoparticles over the background of TEM images present a significant challenge for pixel-wise image classification, including the current state-of-the-art deep learning-based modalities.


Abstract Natural water level fluctuations (WLFs) are an inherent characteristic of Mediterranean inland waters, which are projected to be amplified by global climate change. La Caldera (Sierra Nevada National Park, Spain) is an oligotrophic high mountain lake (3050 m a.s.l.) that has experienced large fluctuations in water volume (13–100%) during the past 20 years due to irregular annual precipitation patterns (371–1816 mm). Because of the lake's cold and dilute abiotic environment, it is likely susceptible to projected increases in global temperature and represents an ideal sentinel of global change. We analyze the effect of WLFs on water quality and on plankton community in La Caldera to better understand the potential effects of recurrent droughts (3 droughts in a 20-year period) on lake ecology. We have found significantly positive effects of WLFs on total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. There was extreme variability in TP concentrations during three recurrent droughts (1995, 1999, and 2005) reflecting sediment resuspension. However, the data also suggest that this was not the only source of phosphorus. Extremely high P-enriched atmospheric dust inputs could have maintained the abnormally high TP in-lake concentrations measured during 2005. The data indicate that recurrent droughts have reduced lake resistance to TP changes but have increased lake resistance to total nitrogen (TN) changes, which supports the idea that a P-enriched atmospheric dust inputs during 2005. An increase in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN)∶TP mass ratio after 2005 was observed, revealing a higher ecosystem homeostasis of this ratio.


The focus of this paper is the Canadian occupational plan system. Although others may be relevant, three questions assist in evaluating that system. Do enough people have an occupational pension plan (the "coverage question"), are occupational pension plans affordable and efficient methods for saving for retirement income (the "affordability question") and do occupational pension plans provide sufficient retirement income (the "adequacy question")?


Ternary bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ-OSCs) are demonstrated by combining two squaraine donors (USQ3OH and IDPSQ) having complementary optical absorption and PC71BM as the acceptor. While the corresponding binary cells exhibit maximum power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 4.65% (IDPSQ binary) and 6.85% (USQ3OH binary), the ternary cells of weight composition IDPSQ:USQ3OH:PC71BM = 0.15:1.0:3.0 (15%TB, TB = ternary blend) exhibit a PCE of 7.20%, which is the highest known value to date for a squaraine OSC. Single crystals of both squaraines and space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements explain the efficiency difference between the binary cells. SCLC measurements and transmission electron microscopy imaging of the ternary devices indicate that the charge mobility slightly increases and the BHJ domain size optimizes for the 15%TB device vs that based on the USQ3OH blend. Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering data reveal that enhanced π–π stacking and larger correlation lengths ...


We have calculated the electronic structure of InAs quantum dots embedded in InP as a function of size, using strain dependent eight-band k⋅p theory in the envelope function approximation. A realistic three-dimensional shape was used for the simulations and the piezoelectric polarization of the system was included. In order to avoid spurious solutions, an extra term was added to the Hamiltonian. Polarization dependent dipole matrix elements were calculated as well as the exciton binding energies. A comparison between measurements and calculated transition energies shows good agreement.


A series of 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidinyl substituted diaryl urea derivatives was designed and synthesized.Their in vitro cytotoxicities against two cancer cell lines(Bel-7402 and A549) were evaluated by standard MTT assay.Six of tested compounds 6,8,10,17,21 and 22 exhibited more potent cytotoxicity superior to sorafenib.The structure activity relationship(SAR) study indicates that 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido- [4,3-d]pyrimidinyl group was an option for cytotoxic potency.


Health care system is one of the vital sectors in each country for its national interest. This paper presents a model of e-health system which covers all medical entities like patients, doctors, nurses, medical technologist, pharmacist, healthcare organizations, pathology labs, pharmacies etc. The model also introduces e-Health Card (Smart Card) for each patient for authentication and better e-health service. The work incorporates two important aspects of the proposed e-Health system: (i) the development and deployment of a medical information management system where user's authentication is performed by NID (National Identification Number) through smart card and (ii) the privacy and security concern of the proposed system which is implemented by Role Based Access Control (RBAC) to access patient's medical record with audit logs and by Encryption Algorithm to Exchange of medical documents. "NID" is a 17 digit unique identification number provided by LGED (Local Government & Engineering Department), a government organization of Bangladesh. This proposed model will provide an easy to carry and access facilities everywhere in the country. Keywords— e-Health System, Smart Card, Medical Record, NID, RBAC, Encryption, Security.


BACKGROUND/AIM
The transition rate from first-line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) to cytotoxic chemotherapy (Ct) is poor. The prognosis according to treatment sequence and the reasons patients could not shift from first-line EGFR-TKIs to Ct were herein analyzed.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Overall, 159 epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive adenocarcinoma patients were enrolled in this study.

RESULTS
The median survival times of EGFR-TKIs combined with Ct and EGFR-TKIs were 59.8 months and 22.5 months, respectively (p<0.001) and of patients who received EGFR-TKIs first and Ct first were 38.8 months and 66.4 months, respectively (p=0.016). The main reasons patients could not make the transition to Ct was worsening of performance status and patient's preference.

CONCLUSION
EGFR-TKIs and Ct lead to a good prognosis in EGFR mutation-positive adenocarcinoma patients. It is necessary to consider the timing when changing the treatment strategy before treatment options are limited.


Objective
To investigate the regulation of miR-7 on intestinal trefoil factor (TFF3) and its effect on the proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells.

Methods
miR-7 mimics and miR-7 inhibitor were transfected into LS174T cells respectively.The experiment was divided into 5 groups, including blank control group, miR-7 mimic negative control group, miR-7 mimic group, miR-7 inhibitor negative control group, miR-7 inhibitor group.MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation.Cell scratch assay was used to detect the effect of miR-7 on cell migration.Western blot was used to detect the change of TFF3 protein in each group.

Results
Compared with the blank control group, the miR-7 mimic negative control group and the miR-7 inhibitor negative control group, the OD value of the miR-7 mimic group decreased significantly, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the cell scratch interval increased, the cell migration rate decreased, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); and the TFF3 protein expression was accompanied(P<0.05). The OD value of the miR-7 inhibitor group significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the cell scratch gap decreased, the cell migration rate was enhanced, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); and the expression of TFF3 protein increased(P<0.05).

Conclusion
miR-7 can regulate the expression of TFF3 and further inhibit the proliferation and migration of LS174T cells.

Key words:
miR-7; Intestinal epithelial cells; Proliferation; Migration; Intestinal trefoil factor


Author Information Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. During the 20th century, limb-deformity correction was performed using the "eyeball" technique. Such "ballpark" estimates are no longer acceptable in the 21st century. Limb deformities can be classified according to cause (congenital, developmental, posttraumatic), location (bone or joint contracture, extra-or intraarticular), geometry (angulation, translation, rotation, length discrepancy), severity (magnitude), and progression (static or progressive). Orthopaedic surgical correction must consider all of these factors.


A communication system, a base station, user equipment (UE), and a timing synchronization method for the base station thereof are disclosed. The communication system includes a first base station, a second base station and the user equipment. The UE is located within a communication range of the first base station and the second base station. The second base station transmits timing synchronization request information to the first base station. The first base station and the second base station respectively measure signal stability of the user equipment so that the second base station selects the user equipment based on the measurements for the stability of the signals. The first base station computes a first timing error for transmitting or receiving message between the first base station and the user equipment then transmits the first timing error to the second base station. The second base station adjusts a timing difference between the first base station and the second base station through the first timing error. Accordingly, an unsynchronized base station can achieve synchronization through assistance of the user equipment.


What happens after someone survives a life-threatening disease such as cancer? Are they able to return to their previous life or prior employment? What are the long-term implications and costs of their treatment? Are they financially secure as they age? This editorial will explore the financial challenges of cancer survivors by beginning with Margaret's story. experience a disproportionate financial burden that stems from the cost of medical treatment and unemployment.


This paper studies the new version of ISO 9000 approved in 2000 and analyzes the relationship of operation process quality and project quality in the organizations in which many business processes are organized into projects.Based on the characteristics of product development project,the two-step clipping method is present to realize the project quality management from ISO standards to a special project.By using object-oriented method,the quality management models for product development project are built,including organization model,function model,process model and information model.The models harmonize the relations between project processes and operation processes and achieve the enterprise-level quality management for product development project through organization,project management office and project three-tier quality management.Based on the given models,the quality management information system is developed on J2EE platform..


Classical collisional particle systems residing in thermal equilibrium have their particle velocity/energy distribution function stabilized into a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. On the contrary, space and astrophysical plasmas are exotic collisionless particle systems residing in stationary states characterized by the so-called kappa distributions [1-3]. A breakthrough in the field came with the connection of kappa distributions with statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, accomplished by the following two findings: (i) kappa distributions maximize the entropy of nonextensive statistical mechanics [4] under the constraints of canonical ensemble [5-8], and (ii) particle systems exchanging heat with each other reaching thermodynamic equilibrium are stabilized always into a kappa distribution [9,10]. Thereafter, kappa distributions became increasingly widespread across the physics of astrophysical plasma processes, describing particles in the heliosphere, from the solar wind and planetary magnetospheres to the heliosheath and beyond, the interstellar and intergalactic plasmas [1]. The lecture will review the physical foundations and recent developments of kappa distributions in space and astrophysical plasmas. References: [1] G. Livadiotis: Kappa distributions: Theory and applications in plasmas, (Elsevier, Netherlands, UK, USA, 2017). [2] V. Pierrard and M. Lazar: Kappa distributions: theory and applications in space plasmas, Sol. Phys., 267, 153–174 (2010). [3] G. Livadiotis and D.J. McComas: Understanding kappa distributions: A toolbox for space science and astrophysics, Space Sci. Rev., 75, 183–214 (2013). [4] C. Tsallis: Introduction to nonextensive statistical mechanics, (Springer, New York, 2009). [5] R.A. Treumann: Theory of superdiffusion for the magnetopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 17271730 (1997). [6] A.V. Milovanov and L.M. Zelenyi: Functional background of the Tsallis entropy: "coarse-grained" systems and "kappa" distribution functions, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 7, 211–221 (2000). [7] M.P. Leubner: A nonextensive entropy approach to kappa distributions, Astrophys. Space Sci., 282, 573-579 (2002). [8] G. Livadiotis and D.J. McComas: Beyond kappa distributions: Exploiting Tsallis statistical mechanics in space plasmas, J. Geophys. Res., 114, A11105 (2009). [9] S. Abe: General pseudoadditivity of composable entropy prescribed by the existence of equilibrium, Phys. Rev. E, 63, 061105 (2001). [10] G. Livadiotis: Thermodynamic origin of kappa distributions, Europhys. Lett., 122, 50001 (2018).


This EuNaMus report studies how nations develop policy in order to deploy national museums in the redefinition of the national vision. Considering museums as utopian institutions, it focusses on th ...


A masking apparatus (10) is provided that includes a supply roll (20) of masking material, supported by a first roll support (16) . The supply roll (20) is rotatable on the first roll support (16), which allows the masking material (24) to be dispensed. A take-up roll (22) is provided to receive masking material (24) after it has been used. A masking arm (34) is positioned on an inside surface (36) of the masking material (24), and contacts a portion (38) of a mold (30) to capture the masking material (24) between the masking arm (34) and the mold (30), thereby sealing off a portion (28,32) of the mold (30) during a coating process (94)(figure 3 - not shown). After the coating process (94), the take-up roll (22) is rotated (108), thereby dispensing new masking material (24) from the supply roll (20). By sealing off a portion 28, portion 32 of the mould 30 is sprayed with a polymeric coating of a first colour. By moving the contact member 34 away from the mould 30, thereby uncovering portion 28, the latter is sprayed with a polymeric coating of another colour. By applying a polymeric bonding material to at least a portion of each coating, the coatings are integrated.


Stroke survivors or patients suffering from paralyses face a lot of challenges when it comes to mobility. Autonomous vehicle technologies can help to increase the accessibility for persons having limited mobility. The design of such vehicle requires a network of sensors along with sensor fusion system to accurately map the surrounding environment necessary for its safe driving. This study proposes a brain-actuated intelligent vehicle with network of sonars and vision-based sensors which can be controlled by either using Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential brain signals or joystick. For electroencephalogram signal detection, four frequencies were flickered and displayed using a GUI on LCD screen and signals were recorded having 1000 Hz sampling frequency. These signals were segmented into 2-second window size with 50% overlap and features were extracted by using canonical correlation analysis. In addition, a low-level navigation control system consisting of smart sensor network was also implemented to maximize safety of the user. Data from various sensors was sent to the intelligent control unit for sensor fusion in order to improve the performance and robustness of the designed vehicle. The results were evaluated for both offline and online classification. For offline control, the accuracy of 96% was achieved with 104.48 bits/min while 95% accuracy was achieved for run-time control. The results show that the proposed system has improved accuracy as well as information transfer rate is concerned as compared to the existing systems.


Point estimators of parameters of the first asymptotic distribution of smallest (extreme) values, or, the extreme-value distribution, are surveyed and compared. Those investigated are maximum-likelihood and moment estimators, inefficient estimators based on only a few ordered observations, and various linear estimation methods. A combination of Monte Carlo approximations and exact small-sample and asymptotic results has been used to compare the expected loss (with loss equal to squared error) of these various point estimators. Since the logarithms of variates having the two-parameter Weibull distribution are variates from the extreme-value distribution, the investigation is applicable to the estimation of Weibull parameters. Interval estimation procedures are also discussed.


The article discusses support and financing of the Russian Navy during the Russian Civil War (1917-1921). The authorities tried their hardest to provide adequate supplies for the officers and sailors; however, the countrys economic devastation did not allow proper financing of the Navy. The most highly paid categories of officers (admirals and generals) had to experience relative pay cuts, whereas the salaries of sailors and junior officers were increased after the October Revolution of 1917.


With clearly defined indications, high tibial osteotomy offers a good outcome, provided the correction is performed as accurately and as early as possible. Ideally, in a varus osteoarthritis knee, there should be an over correction of the leg's axis by a minimum of 2 degrees but not greater than 4 degrees. The Balansys high tibial osteotomy instrumentation provides the surgeon with the means to determine the extent of the correction intraoperatively, with reference to clearly identifiable skeletal points. This intraoperative determination improves the accuracy of the osteotomy over conventional methods based on x-ray planning. The instrumentation controls the fulcrum of the wedge to be removed during the procedure as well as controlling the width of the residual bone bridge. The precise nature of the saw cuts offer the best conditions for fast, reliable consolidation. For stabilization an 8 or 9 hole pre-contoured semi-tubular AO plate is used. The cost of the plate is RM 72.80 (US$19.15). No external immobilization is done. The patient is mobilized non-weight bearing with crutches on the 1st postoperative day and discharged from hospital on the 2nd post-operative day. From 1.6.1998 to 30.6.1998 we performed 20 consecutive cases of high tibial osteotomy using the Balansys system. The average follow up is 24 months. The indication for operation was painful varus knee with or without medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis. The results were analysed and showed early union with excellent knee flexion and good cosmesis. The only complication that was encountered was transient lateral popliteal nerve palsy. This complication can be avoided if attention is paid to the lateral popliteal nerve when the fibular head is osteotomised.


OBJECTIVE
It is becoming increasingly necessary to automatize screening of urine samples to culture at Microbiology laboratories. Our objective was to estimate the budget threshold from which the Alfred 60/AST device would be profitable for our hospital.

METHODS
Cost minimization study by decision trees, carried out in a General Hospital. The cost of traditional urine culture and urine processing using Alfred-60/AST were compared. Traditional processing involves the culture of all urine specimens received onto blood and MacConkey agar, and identification of every microorganism isolated by Vitek-2 system. The autoanalyzer would only inoculate the positive urines onto a chromogenic media, directly identifying the Escherichia coli isolates.

RESULTS
The variables with the greatest economic impact in the model were the probability of obtaining a positive culture, the prevalence of E. coli in the urine cultures and the cost per sample using Alfred-60/AST. The multivariate sensitivity analysis showed that the model was solid. The bivariate sensitivity analysis showed that the model is suceptible to cost modification, mainly of the automatic device. At a threshold value of 1.40 euros/determination, the automatic processing would decrease the annual costs in 2,879 euros.

CONCLUSIONS
The introduction of the Alfred-60/AST device in our laboratory at 1.40 euros/determination would reduce urine processing workload, saving time and costs.


A summary of a few recent developments in parton dynamics is given. Emphasis is on results for R=σL/σT, the ratio of longitudinal to transverse total virtual photoabsorption cross sections, and for high transverse momentum processes.


In order to meet the need of the airborne electronic system,the design of new style vehicle management system adopts an integration of flight control,engine control,utilities control,etc,to provide high performance of system as well as to lower the life-cycle cost.The key of VMS is vehicle management computer.The fault tolerant of configurable fine grain vehicle management computer do not base on channel but module.It adopts an integration of technology and thus matches the architecture with the reliability and availability targets by utilizing common standard module and enables different functions to be implemented at different redundancy levels.Otherwise it should adapt well to the change of microelectronics and computer technology at system architecture and fault tolerant.This paper presents the implementation of the system architecture,the software requirement,and the fault tolerance structure of the new style vehicle management computer.


In 1981, after over three years of study and discussion, the technical specialists in the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space agreed to a report which provided general safety criteria; a suggested format for notification for reentering space vehicles containing nuclear power sources; suggested improvements in orbit prediction; and recommendations relating to the search and recovery of a nuclear power source. The results of that first consensus on the use of nuclear power sources are summarized to provide an historical framework for developing international norms on the use of nuclear power sources in outer space.


The invention discloses a Buck convertor for training a switching power supply. A main circuit of the Buck convertor is connected with a control circuit and controlled by the control circuit, and a direct-current voltage of one magnitude can be converted into a direct-current voltage of another magnitude. The control circuit comprises a chip TL494, a protective circuit is formed by a pin 16 and a pin 15 of the chip TL494 and a periphery element. An oscillating circuit is composed of a pin 5 of the chip TL494, a capacitor connected with the pin 5, a pin 6 of the chip TL494 and a capacitance resistor connected with the pin 6. A voltage setting circuit is formed by connecting reference voltage output by a pin 14 of the chip TL494 with a pin 2 of the chip TL494 through a resistor R2. A voltage feedback circuit samples the output voltage and transmits the output voltage to a pin 1 of the chip TL494, and an error amplifying signal formed by transmitting the set voltage provided by the voltage setting circuit through an error amplifier in the chip TL494 is obtained by the pin 2 of the chip TL494. The Buck convertor for training the switching power supply is further provided with a measurement point A, a measurement point B and a measurement point C, facilitates use in training, and is low in cost and capable of being used repeatedly.


The war in Ukraine changed the security landscape in Europe, the aggression of the Russian Federation also affected the energy security. For decades European elites negotiated and signed contracts for energy supplies from the Russian Federation, which gave Russia the opportunity to restore and strengthen its military capacity, and as a result, to launch an unprovoked aggression against Ukraine. Realizing the fallacy of its own energy diplomacy, the EU began searching for new and intensified relations with existing energy suppliers. The aim of this article is to analyze the role and significance of Azerbaijan as a potential supplier of gas to Europe, especially to its southern flank, where strong positions of Russian influence remain. During the preparation of the study, the international legal basis of relations between Azerbaijan and the EU was systematized and analyzed, the main supply routes of Azerbaijani gas to the European markets were determined and characterized. Prospects for deepening cooperation between the EU and Azerbaijan in the implementation of energy projects have been determined. Possible threats to the supply of Azerbaijani gas to European markets under the conditions of preservation of Russia's influence are separately described.


Subnitrate of bismuth is considered so safe and harmless a remedy, that one hesitates to cast any reflection on its fair reputation. I believe, however, that an accident which recently came under my observation will show that the drug may not be used with absolute impunity and that toxic symptoms may follow its careless administration. Mrs. C., age 26, married two years, never pregnant, complains of pain in the pit of the stomach, nausea and general malaise. Has had measles and mumps but no other severe sickness; her present weight is less than one hundred pounds, she is poorly developed, emaciated, pale. Sleeps poorly, poor appetite and habitually constipated. F. H. Mother died of malaria; father alive and well; one brother alive and well. One brother died of tuberculosis, one sister of dropsy, two sisters died in infancy. P. I. About four months ago she was taken during the night, with severe pain in the right lower chest, in the morning she felt better but a day or so later the pain returned this time situated in the epigastrium. The pain recurred at intervals during several weeks, her appetite became poor; she vomited considerably, the vomitus consisting mostly of greenish fluid. The nature of this sickness was not learned. During this time she .was treated for the pain with hypodermics of morphin, which were given two or three times a day over a period of eleven weeks. She took no morphin herself. All that she received was given to her by her attendant. At this time her physician asked me to see her on the supposition that she was suffering from some pelvic disease. An examination was negative as regards discovering any definite abdominal or pelvic trouble, but the addiction to morphin was so evident that I advised her immediate removal to the hospital with the idea of first overcoming the craving before attempting any diagnosis of her abdominal trouble. She was placed on a course of treatment for morphin habit suggested by Lambert in the Journal of the American Medical Association, September 25th, 1909. This treatment was carried out for four days and was successful in overcoming the desire for the drug. She was then put on tonics and a liberal diet and by the end of a week from the beginning of the treatment she was very much improved in every way. From October 3rd to October 13th she seemed to be doing well except for some looseness of the bowels which was considered an after symptom of the morphin habit. She had from two to four watery movements a day and it was noticed that the number of passages in 24 hours gradually increased. October 12th she had' five movements, October 13th six, October 14th she was ordered 20 grains of subnitrate of bismuth daily, given in 5 grain doses. This was


The onset and structure of compositional convection in a rotating system are investigated experimentally. A vertically oriented cylindrical annulus filled with NH4Cl‐H2O solution is cooled from the bottom and can be rotated about its axis at rates ranging up to 10.5 rad s−1, corresponding to Ekman numbers down to 7.5 × 10−6. The Coriolis force has a strong effect on the structure of plumes above the mush‐liquid interface. Helical motion of the conduit, which is weakly developed in the non‐rotating case, is amplified by Coriolis forces that twist the plume conduits to lie nearly horizontally. This results in secondary plumes (or blobs) that rise from the sub‐horizontal primary plume conduits. This new instability could be an efficient mechanism for producing small‐scale flow in the form of buoyant blobs that ascend through the polar regions of the outer core.


Batch adsorption experiments of Pb2+ Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions on to waste fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst were performed. The results obtained indicate that adsorption time, temperature and pH were the main factors influencing the adsorptive capacities. The adsorption data for each ion were well described by the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. The mechanisms for the adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions on to waste FCC catalyst involved ion-exchange adsorption of the three kinds of heavy metallic ions studied or the formation of hydroxo complexes. Under the experimental conditions employed, the removal of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions attained values of 97.0%, 90.5% and 91.5%. respectively. In addition, dynamic adsorption of the respective ions on to a column of FCC catalyst was investigated together with studies of the regeneration of the adsorbent. The results of such column tests showed that Pb2+ ions can be effectively removed from aqueous solutions by waste FCC catalyst in a packed bed. The adsorbent was easily regenerated by the use of a flow of hydrochloric acid through the packed bed under the experimental conditions employed.


The Logic of Risk-Sensitive Foraging Preferences It has recently been shown that the foraging preferences of animals are sensitive to variance in the probability distribution of a food reward (Caraco et al. 1980). This is an important result for optimal foraging models, because they often assume that the expected value of the food reward distribution is the quantity that should be maximized and that variance may be safely ignored (see Pyke et al. 1977 for a review). Caraco (1980) has suggested that some aspects of risk sensitivity may be explained by minimization of the probability of starvation, where starvation is defined as falling short of some threshold food requirement at the end of the day. In this note I formalize this alternative optimality hypothesis and show analytically that it accounts for the existence and some aspects of the nature of the risk sensitivity reported by Caraco et al. (1980). Caraco et al. (1980) offered yellow-eyed juncos (Junco phaenotus) a choice between two feeding stations. One station always provided a constant number of seeds, while the alternative station provided a variable number determined by a probability distribution. The number of seeds at the constant station was equal to the expected number provided at the variable station. Caraco et al. (1980) demonstrated that juncos preferred the constant station (or were risk-averse) when their expected daily energy intake exceeded their expected daily energy expenditure. More surprisingly, they also demonstrated that juncos preferred the variable station (or were riskprone) when their expected daily energy expenditure exceeded their expected daily intake. Juncos show preferences which are consistent with a simple rule: be riskaverse if your expected 24-h energy budget is positive, be risk-prone if your expected 24-h energy budget is negative. This rule has been suggested, on intuitive grounds, by Caraco (1980). In this note I show that the expected energy budget rule follows directly from minimization of the probability of starvation. Consider a small bird foraging in winter. Imagine that at least R units of food reserve are required to survive the night, Let So be the random variable that describes the bird's food reserve when it becomes too dark to forage. The probability of starvation is equivalent to P(So < R). (This assumes that starvation only occurs at night, which may not be true; however the results are not affected as long as food reserves are unlikely to become dangerously low during the day.) Assume that the day's foraging is divided into n intervals. At the beginning of the ith interval the forager makes some decision about how to forage and receives X~ units of food. The X~'s are random variables and are assumed to be independently distributed with E(XO = la~ and Var(X0 = ~ . Assume that exactly r units of food are expended during each interval (this assumes that r is independent of the foraging decision, which cannot be strictly true). Let Sn be the bird's internal food supply when there are n decisions left before nightfall. We can express the reserves at the end of the day as


Method of a closed-loop MIMO calibration in a wireless communication system, comprising: Using mutual calibration in said wireless communication system when it detects that the station calibration is obsolete and requires calibration; Determining a range of automatic gain control (AGC), wants to calibrate the said station, and determining a list of transmission services for an access point (AP), which is connected to said station in communication; Introduction of the calibration through said station by said list of services and N Kanalmessungspraambeln are sent, where N is the number of transmission antennas at the station; Receiving a channel matrix and L sets Kanalmessungspraambeln with different transmission power levels for each set of said AP, where L is the number of entries in the list of services; Switch to an AGC level of the station in response to the signal received by said AP transmission power level; and Transmitting calibration data to said AP for calibrating a range of automatic gain control for the AP for transmission to the station.


This paper describes a UML-based notation for OWL DL.It proposes a UML profile for OWL DL,which can be used to model the elements and relationships,such as class and relation.The experiment shows,given the profile,it uses any UML tools to develop ontology,which reduces the complexity of large-scale ontology construction and maintenance.


This video article describes the embodied research conducted whilst creating the video performance Carrying her; where various meditation techniques serve to confront the taboo history of the Armenian Genocide that reached its climax in 1915–16 in my homeland, Turkey. I instrumentalize my experience living in a two-century old stone house in the city of Mardin, in the Syrian frontier of Turkey, to reconsider the historical wound felt in the collective utterances of the region. Chants, lamentations, lullabies, testimonies, myths and tales guide me through the history embodied in Southeast Turkey and urge my journey to France where I re-discover the wound through sonorities of the Armenian Diaspora. My pregnancy opens a space to reflect upon women's experience of the genocide, translating the corporal phenomenon of being pregnant to the reality of the exiled through the notion of carrying. The sonic universe reclaimed in the diaspora revives my memory of the land in its lullabies. To reclaim the diversity lost from my homeland, I create a soundscape that employs diverse sonorities of Southeast Anatolia. Complemented by the soundscape, the video performance composes my agit, my lament for the people exiled and massacred.


ABSTRACT Profitability is a financial ratio to determine the ability of banks to use its assets to make a profit. There are several variables that mepengaruhi profitability of a bank, among others, capital adequacy ratio (CAR), non-performing loans (NPL) and cash ratio (CR). This study aimed to determine the effect of capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans and the cash ratio on profitability in rural banks (BPR) in Gianyar regency period 2008-2012. Engineering samples are used census. Multiple linear regression analysis of panel data is used as a data analysis technique. The conclusion from the testing shows the independent variable, capital adequacy ratio and the cash ratio has no effect on profitability, while the non-performing loan has a negative and significant impact on profitability. Keywords: profitability, capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans, and cash ratio.


These papers show a calculus relation ( 50 ) of complete elliptic integral K(k) with minimum 9 precise decimals and the possibility to obtain a more precisely relation.. It results by application Landen�s method, of geometrical-arithmetical average, not for obtain a numerical value but to obtain a compute algebraically relation after 5 steps of a geometrical transformation, called �CENTERED PROCESS�.


A novel steering controller for autonomous vehicles is proposed in this paper. For autonomous vehicles, the efficiency is an important indicator, in order to reduce the training cost and improve the real-time performance while the car is running on the road, Offline plus online training is proposed in this paper. Offline plus online training is presented to build a model network of vehicle steering and correct it in real time. Then we adopt a policy iteration adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) to get the optimal control law and deploy it to autonomous vehicles. Eventually, the performance of the controller was evaluated using Matlab simulation. Results verify the feasibility of the theory and show the steering controller is one kind of effective, smooth controller for autonomous vehicles' system.


Genetic diversity of 14 tigernuts collected from different geographical regions was investigated with SRAP molecular markers.The results showed that total 375 bands were amplified by 38 primer pairs,and 306 of these bands were polymorphic.The average polymorphic bands detected per primer pair were 8.1.Clustering with UPGMA method revealed that the genetic distance ranged from 0.09 to 0.72 with an average of 0.37.The largest genetic distance was 0.72,between accession No.8 and No.9.This research indicated that there were abundant genetic diversity among all 14 accessions.


Based on the current 3D inverse-scattering-series (ISS) freesurface-multiple-elimination (FSME) algorithm (Carvalho, 1992; Weglein et al., 1997, 2003) that was developed for a 3D point source and 3D earth, this paper derives an ISS FSME algorithm that retains the dimension of the source (i.e., 3D point source) and reduces the subsurface dimension from 3D to 1D. Applying this modified algorithm will accurately predict both the phase and the amplitude of the free-surface multiples in seismic data that are generated by a 3D point source and 1D earth (e.g., Central North Sea), compared to the frequently applied 1.5D ISS FSME algorithm that assumes a 2D line source and 1D earth. Numerical tests are performed on 3D source synthetic data sets from a 1D subsurface, to examine the significance of incorporating 3D source in FSME algorithm and the impact of FSM residues on the subsequent ISS internal multiple attenuation. The results demonstrate that the 3D source/1D subsurface ISS FSME algorithm can accurately remove the FSM events in 3D source data. This successful removal of free-surface multiples provides an essential prerequisite for subsequent processing (e.g., internal-multiple attenuation/elimination).


This paper presents a disturbance observer-based control (DOBC) for three-phase inverters operating in autonomous mode. The controller design targets the regulation of the output voltage during transient conditions induced by internal uncertainties and external influences. The controller scheme combines Feedback Linearized (FL) controller with a Disturbance Observer (DO) to achieve dual objectives of disturbance attenuation and integral control action. The performance of the above controller is tested via simulation for scenarios such as abrupt load variations and parametric uncertainties. The test results have demonstrated excellent disturbance attenuation to achieve desired transient response under the tested scenarios. Furthermore, its performance when supplying non-linear loads is assessed. The controllercan produce a sinusoidal output voltage with reduced THD that complies with IEC62040 standards.


The COVID-19 pandemic is changing the world in unprecedented and unpredictable ways. Human mobility is at the epicenter of that change, as the greatest facilitator for the spread of the virus. To study the change in mobility, to evaluate the efficiency of mobility restriction policies, and to facilitate a better response to possible future crisis, we need to properly understand all mobility data sources at our disposal. Our work is dedicated to the study of private mobility sources, gathered and released by large technological companies. This data is of special interest because, unlike most public sources, it is focused on people, not transportation means. i.e., its unit of measurement is the closest thing to a person in a western society: a phone. Furthermore, the sample of society they cover is large and representative. On the other hand, this sort of data is not directly accessible for anonymity reasons. Thus, properly interpreting its patterns demands caution. Aware of that, we set forth to explore the behavior and inter-relations of private sources of mobility data in the context of Spain. This country represents a good experimental setting because of its large and fast pandemic peak, and for its implementation of a sustained, generalized lockdown. We find private mobility sources to be both correlated and complementary. Using them, we evaluate the efficiency of implemented policies, and provide a insights into what new normal means in Spain.


Abstract. A linear stress path (LSP) experiment was performed using uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests with a cold-rolled mild steel sheet (SPCD; nominal thickness: 0.8 mm) as the test material. In the LSP experiment, nine LSPs were applied to the specimens to measure the contours of plastic work and the directions of the plastic strain rates, β, for a plastic strain range of 0.002 ≤〖 ε〗_0^p ≤ 0.234. Then, the Yld2000-2d yield function (Barlat et al., 2003) was used to identify a material model that accurately reproduces the experimental data observed in the LSP experiment. Furthermore, a nonlinear stress path (NLSP) experiment was performed. The NLSP consists of two linear stress paths with σ_x:σ_y = 4:1 and 1:1, and a curved stress path connecting the LSPs. The measured work hardening behavior and β values were compared with those calculated using the Yld2000-2d yield function identified from the LSP experiment. It was found that the deformation behavior of the test sample predicted by the material model determined from the LSP experiment clearly shows some deviation from that observed for the NLSP experiment.


Cloud System provides an efficient way for storing the large amount of user's data on the cloud. Due to this reason there has been growing trend to use the cloud for storing the large amount of data. This has raised the important security issue of how to control and prevent the unauthorized access to data which is stored on the cloud. One well known access control model is the Role Based Access Control (RBAC), which provides flexible controls and management by having two mapping, User to Role and Role to Privileges on data. RBAC is a well known access control model which can be used to protect the security of the cloud data storage. Although this cryptographic RBAC scheme have been developed recently to secure data which is outsourced by the owner of data on the cloud , but this scheme assumes there is existence of a trusted administrator who is managing all the users and the roles which is not realistic in large scale system. In this paper work we are going to implement the Role Based Encryption (RBE) scheme which can be efficiently implemented with the Role Based Access Control for storing the data on cloud securely. Based on the proposed scheme we present a secure RBE-based hybrid cloud storage architecture that allows an organization to store data securely in a public cloud, while maintaining the sensitive information related to the organization's structure in a private cloud Also the size of the cipher text remain constant regardless of the no. of user's in the particular role. User having higher role will be able to access the data of low level role's data. Depending on the different condition different report will be generated Keywords— Hybrid Cloud, RBAC Policy, RBE Scheme, Security


A wide class of coupled-cluster methods is introduced, based on Arponen's extended coupled-cluster theory. This class of methods is formulated in terms of a coordinate transformation of the cluster operators. The mathematical framework for the error analysis of coupled-cluster methods based on Arponen's bivariational principle is presented, in which the concept of local strong monotonicity of the flipped gradient of the energy is central. A general mathematical result is presented, describing sufficient conditions for coordinate transformations to preserve the local strong monotonicity. The result is applied to the presented class of methods, which include the standard and quadratic coupled-cluster methods, and also Arponen's canonical version of extended coupled-cluster theory. Some numerical experiments are presented, and the use of canonical coordinates for diagnostics is discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Congestion charging schemes are considered to be Pareto-improving if they lead to an improvement in system performance while ensuring that no user is worse off than in the situation without any tolling intervention. Anonymous nonnegative Pareto-improving charging schemes are considered in general road networks with multiple user classes, each valuing time differently. Mathematical programming models are proposed for finding a Pareto-improving scheme with heterogeneous users. The properties of the scheme are further analyzed, and the existence conditions are consequently established.


Using this equation, one can obtain information about the space-time-momentum distribution of particles at the freeze-out in a nuclear collision [3]. The correlations between non-identical sameand opposite-sign particles exhibit a minimum and a peak, respectively, at low relative momentum q ≡ p2 – p1, caused by the mutual Coulomb interaction. A difference between the average freeze-out position or time of two particle species reveals itself as an asymmetry of the correlation function C(p1,p2) at small q [2]. The asymmetry in the pion-proton correlations indicate that the proton source is located at a larger radius than the pion source or that protons are emitted earlier than the pions.


Objective:To investigate the in fluence of provisional crown on the tightness of the denture pontic adheres to the gingival mucosa. Methods: 37 patients who are going to wear 3-unit molar fixed partial dentures are selected in this study. The prosthesises were made according to the common regulations. Luxatemp materials were used to make provisional dentures. The tightness of the denture was observed in the appointment. Meanwhile, the thickness of mucosa of edentulous area was detected and recorded by needling. Results: There are 13 dentures poorly adhered to its bed at first return visit, the thickness of mucosa of edentulous area was 2.215±0.410mm, 24 dentures restored to good adheresion to the gingival mucosa, the thickness of mucosa of edentulous area was 1.918±0.128nn, showing significantly difference.1 weeks after the pontics of the provisional denture were removed, 12 dentures restored to good adheresion to the gingival mucosa. Conclusion: The deformation of the mucosa which provoked by the pontic of the provisional dentures. caused the space between the pontics and its beds., the deformation of edentulous area mucosa is reversible and correlated with the thickness of mucosa.


OBJECTIVE
We sought to determine if hair product use is associated with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and whether SLE patients who use hair products have more severe disease.

METHOD
A questionnaire on hair product use was administered to 218 members of the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, 178 first- or second-degree relatives, and 186 best friends of the patients.

RESULTS
There was no significant difference in exposure to hair dye or hair permanent in SLE patients before the diagnosis of SLE as compared with controls, nor were there any significant differences in measures of SLE disease activity in patients who used hair products after their diagnosis versus those who did not.

CONCLUSION
Exposure to hair dyes and hair permanents is not associated with the development of lupus. No hair product is associated with SLE disease activity after diagnosis.


We asked Dr. Breslow to comment. He wrote:
 I am pleased that the papers by Dr. Yankauer and myself have stimulated a thoughtful response.
 In response to the question which Dr. Marks addresses to me, I am not certain how we will finally induce physicians to go where they are most needed. An essential feature of any such "inducement," however, would probably be an opportunity to practice good medicine with reasonable and secure income.
 The recent rapid and continuing changes in the attitudes of medical students and young physicians make it difficult to estimate how long they will "sustain their ideals."


Photometric titration was performed in MeOH using nitroaniline derivatives as an indicator and fluorosulfuric acid as titrant. 5-Substituted 4-hydroxy-2-methylpyrimidine and its three methyl derivatives were used as samples. Most of the samples could be determined using this method. Some samples, 5-carbethoxy-4-hydroxy-2-methylpyrimidine (1d) and its three methyl derivatives (2d, 3d and 4d) could not be determined successfully because of the appearance of large errors. These results show that the method is undesirable for determination of a very weak base with basicity less than pKa 2. A modification of the method was attempted in order to titrate such weaker base. The dissociation constant (pKBH) of the sample in MeOH was estimated from the slope of the straight line by Type II or the modified Type II plot. The basicity of the samples in MeOH generally increased by 10 to 100 times as compared with that in water. The degrees of the increase of the basicity were different among the compounds. Much larger increase of the basicity than the other compounds (about 100 times) was found for 5-substituted 1, 2-dimethyl-4 (1H)-pyrimidones.


Many cities around the globe are now considering tourism facilities and their remarkable revenues in order to become competitive in the global economy. In many of these cities a great emphasis is given to the cultural tourism as it plays an important role in the establishment of creative and knowledge-base of cities. In such context, integration of new concepts and technologies into the tourism planning process to increase the competitiveness of cities' cultural assets gains greater significance. This paper, therefore, introduces sustainable urban development, participatory decision-making, and planning decision support systems approaches in tourism planning, particularly cultural tourism, to augment competitiveness of cities. As the primary tools of a planning decision support system, the paper introduces geographic information systems and web-based technologies that are useful and important in supporting tourism planning and management. The paper also proposes a new 'community-oriented decision support system' for tourism planning and development. or cultural tourism. CCSCT 2009, Bo aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey 2


Video surveillance is one of the key components in todays' public security. The possibility to identify abnormal events in such sequences is a difficult problem in computer vision with the aim of providing automatic means of analysis. The use of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) provided encouraging results for topic classification in text documents and extensions to the video range have already been presented in the literature. The paper approaches video sequence classification considering the extension of the LDA model by building a vocabulary based on motion information "words" that are used to isolate events/topics present in the video. The implementation is tested on the PETS datasets and results are compared with state of the art.


: Students who decide to get married face various challenges in completing their studies. Learning motivation is a motivating factor for married students in carrying out their education process well. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects were three married students from the Kerinci State Islamic Institute (IAIN). Data collection is done by interview. The results showed that the learning motivation of married students came from external sources, namely wanting to finish college so that after graduation, they could focus on taking care of their children and the support of parents and husbands to complete their studies immediately. The challenges in managing their learning motivation are related to the distance between home and campus — difficulty handling time in carrying out duties as a student and wife. The study's results also show that the ability to divide roles between husband and wife can help married students deal with time management problems.


This work was motivated by the need to achieve low latency in an input-queued centrally-scheduled cell switch for high-performance computing applications; specifically, the aim is to reduce the latency incurred between a request and response arrival of the corresponding grant. The minimum amount of latency be found in switches with centralized scheduling contains mainly two components i.e., the control-path latency and the data-path latency, which when found in a practical high-capacity, distributed switch implementation can be far greater than the cell duration. We are going to introduce some speculative transmission scheme which will be used for reducing the average control-path latency and it will be done by allowing cells to precede them under certain conditions. It operates in conjunction with any centralized matching algorithm to achieve a high maximum utilization. Using this model, performance measures such as the mean delay and the rate of successful speculative transmissions are derived. The results demonstrate that the latency can be almost entirely eliminated between request and response for loads up to 50%. Our simulations confirm the analytical results.


Our knowledge in aerosols in planetary atmospheres comes mostly from remote sensing and radiative transfer modeling. Accurately constraining physical properties of aerosols requires accurate radiative transfer modeling which requires accurately obtaining scattering properties of aerosols. There are many different methods to calculate the scattering properties. However, for non-spherical aerosols, such as the Titan's haze, this is a challenging problem [1]. Some methods provide high accuracy, at the expense of high computational cost; others usually lack high precision while providing fast calculations. Previously a fast, physically based semi-empirical model for fractal shape aerosols was used to calculate Titan's aerosols particle [2]. Although this model is promising in terms of both accuracy and computational cost, it has not been tested for particles with monomer numbers (N) larger than a few hundred. Still, it has been used to estimate scattering properties of particles with several thousand monomers [2,3]. In this project, we tested this model for fractal aerosols with N up to 1024 for a number of choices of refractive indices, size parameters (α), and aggregate shapes. For the validation, we created a database of scattering properties with 25 realizations for each choice using multi sphere T-matrix model (MSTM) [4]. With the available testing so far, we concluded that the parameterization requires some modifications. For example, in most cases as one of the variable increases errors also increase especially when matching with larger α. Phase functions usually fit well with small error except for small phase angles coinciding with the occurrence of coherent backscattering effect which is not modeled in the initial version of this model. Absorption modeled well, but parameterization quickly fails to calculate valid scattering efficiencies for larger parameters. In this talk, we will discuss this model and its validation with our T-matrix database. We will also discuss our future plans in the extension of the validation, modification in the parameterization and the possible applications of this model and our extensive T-matrix database for planetary aerosols studies.


This paper analyzes the impact of economic freedom along with traditional economic factors on economic growth for a panel of European countries. The growth of the gross domestic product was observed over a twenty-year time period on a sample of 43 developing and developed countries. Based on a robust dynamic panel setting, we conclude that increases in economic freedom as expressed by the Index of Economic Freedom/Heritage Foundation (but not its levels) are related to economic growth. The EU membership status either had no effect or it curbed the effect of the economic freedom on growth. We also find that the subprime economic crisis of 2008–2009 exerted a negative impact on the growth of European economies.


A study was conducted with an objective of evaluating the effect of plant spacing on yield and quality of garland chrysanthemum at Floriculture Unit, UAS, Dharwad. It was found that the flower yield per ha was highest at 30 cm x 30 cm spacing level (S30 x 30) which was at par with S30 x 40 level in both kharif and rabi seasons. The number of flowers per plant was increasing as the plants were widely spaced, highest being recorded at S60 x 60 level. The increase in mean flower weight was not significant, though it occurred in widely spaced plants. Quality parameters, viz. mean flower diameter, hundred flower weight as well as thousand seed weight increased with increasing levels of spacing from S30 x 30 to S60 x 60, but the differences were found to be statistically non-significant.


An accurate, yet computationally efficient, computer-aided design (CAD) framework is proposed for the concurrent variability analysis of the active and a passive part of a radio frequency (RF)/microwave nonlinear stage. Both the active and passive parts are modeled, fully retaining a link to their physical and technological parameters. This allows for a global assessment of the nonlinear stage sensitivity and variability due to process variations. The active device is first modeled through technology CAD (TCAD); then, the model is implemented within an RF/microwave electronic design automation (EDA) circuit simulator through X-parameters. The passive part is modeled by means of accurate electromagnetic (EM) simulations and then taken into account in the circuit simulator through parametrized S-parameters. The method is demonstrated by analyzing a deep class AB power amplifier (PA) at 12 GHz in GaAs field-effect transistor (FET) technology. In particular, a Monte Carlo analysis of the output power variability around the nominal value of 26.4 dBm due to technological variations of both active device and output matching network is presented. The active device variability is shown to dominate over the passive structure one, even if up to 30% of the overall variance is due to the passive elements at intermediate input power levels.


A MAJOR objective of the Instructional Materials Center Network is to provide the special education community with reliable information concerning the effectiveness of instructional methods and materials. The purposes of this article arc to report the present status of evaluation efforts within the IMC Network and to indicate some of the specific evaluation problems that will receive attention in the future. The IMC's have been aware of the need for establishing evaluative procedures from their inception. Evaluation procedures, many of them of an informal nature, have been developed and followed by each IMC. These procedures have consisted mainly of criteria for the acquisition and dissemination of materials and for tabulating information and data regarding the various Center activities. A Network evaluation committee was established 2 years ago, and a Conference for the Evaluation of Instructional Materials was held in Washingron, D.C., in April, 1968. These served to lay the groundwork for evaluation efforts within the Network, and, as a result, there is now great interest among the Network members in sharing evaluation forms, procedures, and criteria. The major focus is presently upon the evaluation of materials, as compared to any


This paper deals with the issue of model construction of the self-regeneration and self-replication processes using movable cellular automata (MCAs). The rules of cellular automaton (CA) interactions are found according to the concept of equilibrium neighborhood. The method is implemented by establishing these rules between different types of cellular automata (CAs). Several models for two- and three-dimensional cases are described, which depict both stable and unstable structures. As a result, computer models imitating such natural phenomena as self-replication and self-regeneration are obtained and graphically presented.


This paper considers the ruin probability under a threshold insurance risk model. We assume that the claim size of an insurance business depends on the claim time. The integro-differential equations satisfied by the ruin probability are derived. A Lundberg type upper bound for the ruin proba- bility is obtained. In some special cases, closed form solutions for the ruin probability are obtained. Some numerical exam- ples are included.


The focal point of this paper is voter turnout in the self-government elections in Poland. Particular attention is given to the turnout in the city with district rights, Łódź. This city provides an interesting place of research, both on account of its peculiar location in the center of Poland, and its recent cultural, economic and political transformation. A local referendum on the dismissal of the city mayor, held on January 10, 2010, is worth mentioning. Łódź was the first large Polish city (with a population of over 500,000) where a one-man executive organ was dismissed before the end of his term. In the paper, the results of parliamentary election turnouts are juxtaposed with self-government election turnouts. Voter turnout is analyzed for each term of the self-government in Łódź, and the types and reasons for absence are indicated. The author uses these data to emphasize that over the twenty years of self-government's existence, voting procedures in Poland have not changed and are the most conservative in Europe.


Alert is an extension architecture designed for transforming a passive SQL DBMS into. an active DBMS. The salient features of the design of Alert are reusing, to the extent possible, the passive DBMS technology, and making minimal changes to the language and implementation of the passive DBMS. Alert provides a layered architecture that allows the semantics of a variety of production rule languages to be supported on top. Rules may be specified on userdefined as well as built-in operations. Both synchronous and asynchronous event, monit,oring are possible. This paper presents the design of Alert and its implementation in the Starburst extensible DBMS.


Crowdsourcing has become one of the most popular topics in both academia and industry in the past few years. By hiring workers online, task assigners can take advantage of the wisdom of the crowd and solve problems that used to only be solvable by experts or that are too hard for automated computer algorithms. Consensus tasks are some of the most common tasks in the crowdsourcing domain, e.g. labeling, classification, pattern recognition, and etc. To solve consensus tasks, a group of workers are hired to report possible outcomes, and their opinions are aggregated to produce a final prediction. When working with consensus tasks, crowd workers' quality information is always valuable for system designers to find better workers and to devise opinion aggregation approaches that can produce predictions with higher accuracy. Traditional approaches used in many research literatures either assume every worker has a fixed quality, or the worker population as a whole has a fixed quality. They calculate worker quality from historical data, assume it stays as is and use it for estimating existing workers' future performance and future workers' starting performance. We argue this is not true, especially for more complicated tasks where workers may need time and experience to fathom the idea and become adequate. We think the learning curve model used in factories and plants to model traditional workers' productivity and quality can be adopted to work in a crowdsourcing context, where workers quality should improve too as they work on more tasks and become experienced. We modified the hyperbolic learning curve and setup a sleep spindle detection experiment on Amazon Mechanical Turk to validate our argument. The results proved our hypothesis that crowd workers do achieve higher quality as they work on more tasks, and different workers have different quality and learning speed. Moreover, our linear regression test shows that hyperbolic learning curve is a good fit to model crowd workers' learning process. This gives us a more accurate approach to estimate and project crowd workers' quality. With the help of learning curve model, we design a new dynamic hiring system that can make smart tradeoffs between workers' current quality and future potential, as well as the accuracy of aggregated prediction and hiring cost. It can take advantage of crowd workers' quality improvement, find, train, stay with high potential workers, and reduce the number of hired workers when some of the top performers stand out. Our system models the hiring process as a Markov Decision Process, and uses Monte Carlo Planning to find the best hiring path which optimizes the utility of both prediction accuracy and worker training. We compared our proposed hiring mechanism against other common methods such as randomly selecting workers and a bandit based approach which lets all workers work on a small training set first and picks the best performing ones. From results in both


A simple, precise and economical spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Emtricitabine in pharmaceutical bulk and capsule dosage form was developed and validated. Identification was carried out using a UV detector at 294nm in 0.1M hydrochloric acid (HCl). The method was validated with respect to its specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision in analytical medium. The calibration curve was found linear between 1 and 40μg/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.0774 and 0.2346μg/ml, respectively. Percentage recoveries were obtained in the range of 98.42% and 99.69%. Regression analysis showed good correlation in the concentration range of 1-40μg/ml.


Abstract The growth of random vortices in an atmosphere with buoyant instability and vertical wind shear is examined by using a previous analysis of the author. A study is also made of the velocities in a single gravity-driven vortex; a frictionless adiabatic model which is supported by laboratory experiments is first considered. The effects of axial drag, heat transfer and precipitation-induced downdrafts are then estimated. Heat transfer and axial drag tend to have stabilizing effects; they reduce the downdrafts or updrafts due to buoyancy. It is found that downdrafts of tornadic magnitude might occur in negatively buoyant columns. The radial-inflow velocity required to maintain a given maximum tangential velocity in a tornado is determined by using a turbulent vortex model. Conditions under which radial inflow velocities become sufficiently large to produce tangential velocities of tornadic magnitude are determined. The radial velocities in the outer regions as well as the tangential velocities in the ...


Eczema is the skin disease with highest population burden worldwide, and a common cause of healthcare attendance in early life.1 Important risk factors for eczema development are genetic variations affecting the stratum corneum, such as filaggrin (FLG) gene mutations, and a family history of atopic disease.2 Skin barrier defects, either due to FLG mutations or secondary to the inflammatory process can lead to colonization of the skin by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). IgE sensitization to S.aureus toxins can occur in people with eczema, and intensity of S. aureus colonization is associated with eczema severity. Colonization with S. aureus in eczema, known since the 1970s is very common, whereas S. aureus rarely colonizes the skin of healthy people without eczema.3 While antibiotic treatment of clinically obvious infections such as cellulitis is beneficial, it is not clear whether antibiotic treatment of eczema influences eczema severity. Various antistaphylococcal treatments ranging from use of emollients to systemic antibiotics have been trialled and widely promoted.4 This is an abstract of a Cochrane review published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020, Issue 9 (see www.cochr aneli brary.com for information)5. Cochrane reviews are regularly update as new evidence emerges and in response to feedback, and the Cochrane Library should be consulted for the most recent version of the review. This version of the Cochrane review is an update of the previous 2008 review to assess the effectiveness of interventions to reduce S. aureus in eczema in adults and children. 2 | COCHR ANE ABSTR ACT: [INTERVENTION REVIEW]


In this article, we discuss the dynamics characteristics of contact and impact when the hand of space manipulator captures the free-flying target (FFT). We establish the dynamics model of contact and impact between a space manipulator and FFT. The pre-impact, post-impact effect and condition of the space robot system and the FFT system are analyzed when there are any differences between the speed of the end-effector of the space manipulator and that of the contact and impact point on the surface of FFT. We present the relationship between the speed varieties of the space base and that of the FFT. If the impact force is kept constant, the speed varieties of the space base are different when the space robot system is at different configuration. Those methods can be used to analyze the contact and impact problem of the space robot.


A novel mimetic enzyme immunoassay method was developed for the determina-tion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in solution. Hemin, a horseradish peroxidase substitute, was used as a labelling reagent to catalyze the reaction of thiamine, a new fluoro-genic substrate, with hydrogen peroxide at pH8.5. In the sandwich immunoassay,anti-HBsAg antibody was coated on a 96-well plate(polystyrene), which first reacted with stan-dard HBsAg solution, and then further reacted with the fixed amount of hemin-labelled anti-HBsAg. After the two-step immunoreaction, the immunochemically adsorbed hemin-anti-HBsAg conjugate moiety was determined by measuring the fluorescence produced in a solu-tion containing thiamine and hydrogen peroxide. The flourescence intensity was directly pro-portional to the concentration of HBsAg. The calibration graph for HBsAg was linear over the range 2.5~500ng/well with a detection limit of 2.5ng/well.


The viscosity is defined by dimension of a fluid that resists the force tending to motive the fluid to flow. The aim of viscosity experiment is to determine the fluid viscosity coefficient value. By using graphical analysis, the result of oil viscosity coefficient value which performed by laboratory assistant showed: (1) 0.20 Pa.s using solid ball with accuracy 99.64% and (2) 0.21 Pa.s using smaller solid ball with accuracy 99.17%. Meanwhile, the result of oil viscosity coefficient value which performed by freshmen showed: (1) 0.44 Pa.s using solid ball with accuracy 87.85% and (2) 0.32 Pa.s using smaller solid ball with accuracy 89.84%. The differences result of the freshmen and assistant laboratory viscosity experiment are caused by the freshmen calculated the coefficient viscosity value without velocity correction factor and they used small range fluid so the times are not identified well.


. In this paper, a one-to-one correspondence between Bessel sequences and bounded linear operators is provided. This leads to an algebra structure on the set of all Bessel sequences in a separable Hilbert space. Some kinds of frames as special classes of operators are considered. Also, normal Bessel sequences and positive frames are presented. Finally, power means of positive frames are introduced. These allow researches to construct a large number of new frames from existing frames.


An MRL/Mp strain of mice bearing the Fas deletion mutant gene, lpr (MRL/lpr), spontaneously develop systemic vasculitis and glomerulone phritis in the same individual, and both have been thought to be associated with an increase in circulating immune complexes and autoantibodies. However, the genetic basis of these diseases is poorly understood. A novel recombinant congenic mouse strain, McH5-lpr/lpr, which was established by rearrangement of the genetic background of MRL/lpr mice by hybridization with C3H/HeJ-lpr/lpr mice, developed severe granulomatous polyarteritis, as did the MRL/lpr strain, but not glomerulonephritis. Serum levels of anti-DNA and anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies in these mice were significantly reduced, as compared with MRL/lpr mice, although rheumatoid factors were not. These results indicate that each of these two diseases, arteritis and glomerulonephritis, is under the control of different background gene(s), suggesting a different pathological basis of these diseases, and that anti-DNA and anti-myeloperoxidase autoantibodies appear to have a limited pathogenic role in granulomatous arteritis in the mouse strain described.


Purpose Investigate and evaluate the accuracy of deep learning (DL)-based segmentation and deformable image registration (DIR) for the automatization of recurrence risk map atlas definition. Materials and methods Twelve patients with visible recurrence on 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT after prostatectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The bladder, rectum, iliac arteries and veins, and recurrence sites were manually delineated. A previously trained DL model for female pelvic anatomy was re-optimized for male to automatically segment the anatomical regions of interest (ROI). Inter-patient registration was investigated using 4 registration methods: rigid, B-Spline Plastimatch, intensity DIR, and a hybrid intensity-based DIR with varying number of controlling ROI. Performance of the methods were reported using contour-based metrics, determinant of the Jacobian, contour variability in term of volume and position, and probability of overlap with the template organs. Results Transfer learning of the DL model provided greater accuracy for the bladder and rectum than for new structures such as iliac arteries and veins with average Dice similarity coefficient ranges of 0.82-0.96 and 0.63-0.77, respectively. Compared to intensity only DIR, hybrid intensity-based DIR with controlling ROI provided better contour-based metrics, determinant of Jacobian, and less incidence of overlap between recurrence sites and template organs. Centroid position variability between the registration approaches were reported with average range of 1.6-11.3 mm and up to 5.7-30 mm. Conclusion DL and hybrid DIR models can be used to automatize inter-patient registration in the definition of population-based recurrence risk map. DIR uncertainties in the propagation of the recurrence between patients need to be carefully verified before being used in population-based model.


Yellow fever is caused by the prototype virus of the genus Flavivirus and it is transmitted to
humans through the bite of bloodsucking mosquitoes infected with the viral agent. The
disease remains endemic in tropical forest regions from Africa and South America, despite the
availability of effective vaccines against yellow fever virus - 17D-204 and 17DD - considered
safe and highly immunogenic, capable of inducing a rapid specific immune response, with the
formation of neutralizing antibodies that appear early, are protective and long lasting. The
plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is considered the most sensitive and most specific
test for detection and quantification of neutralizing antibodies, and the reference method for
assessing the protective immune response after vaccination. This study evaluated the
reliability and accuracy of micro PRNT50 (applied in 96-well plates) with reference to the
PRNT50 (applied in 6-well plates) and compared the performance of the micro PRNT50 with
the micro PRNT90. Two-hundred serum samples from Brazilian individuals who participated
in a clinical study of dose-response of 17DD vaccine produced in Bio-Manguinhos were
selected. The repeatability was measured from three independent repetitions of the test for
each of the 200 sera by a dual operator and the same procedure was performed by the other
two dual operators, in order to determine the reproducibility of the micro PRNT50. The
intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation coefficient were determined.
Accuracy measures determined in this study were sensitivity, specificity, overall accuracy,
prevalence and positive predictive values (PPV) and negative (NPV). The ROC curve was
also used to determine the best cut-off point of micro PRNT50
. In the assessment of
repeatability, ICCs for dual operators ranged from 0.62 to 0.76, and Pearson correlation
coefficients were between 0.62 and 0.78. For reproducibility, the ICC obtained was 0.72 and
the Pearson correlation coefficients ranged between 0.70 and 0.76. The best measures of
accuracy were achieved considering the cut-off point for the micro PRNT50 of 2.9 log10
mIU/mL, which had a sensitivity of 91.1%, specificity of 72.9% and overall accuracy of 78%.
The best performance of micro PRNT50
with this cut-off point was ratified by the ROC curve
analysis. Considering a hypothetical scenario of an outbreak of YF, the prevalence would be
28%, with PPV of 56.7% and NPV of 95.5%. The micro PRNT50
showed satisfactory levels
of reliability and accuracy, however the micro PRNT90 showed higher performance with
sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 94.7% and overall accuracy of 95%. Modifications in the
test methodology and changes in the classification criteria in the readings of the results
obtained will be important to improve the accuracy of micro PRNT.


Within the confines of their segregated social world, black children became aware of the color line at a very young age through racially coded messages, but also through taken-for-granted practices and institutions. This chapter traces the transformation in the black community along the grain of the civil rights movement through a close reading of the rise and fall of one of the institutions most beloved by the black community in Harlan County, Kentucky—the colored school. Brown shows how the black segregated school institutionalized and reproduced racial ideologies within the community. At the same time, she demonstrates how the colored school was a proud site of black cultural expression.


Apparent discrepancy is discussed between the height profiles of atmospheric conductivity derived from Schumann resonance parameters in the Earth-ionosphere cavity and using the model of the DC global atmospheric electric circuit. The issue is resolved by creating a hybrid profile of these two profiles. Close to the ground, where the resistance of the atmosphere is largest, the properties of the DC global model exert the greatest influence, whereas in the middle atmosphere, at heights between 40 and 100 km, the full wave computations show that the AC results are the more crucial. This globally averaged hybrid profile harmonizes the AC and DC conductivity data, and it might be important for future studies.


Microwire makes good sensors because their small dimensions which enhance their sensitivity. To be useful, microelectrode sensors must be integrated with electronic capable of processing those signal. In this research, we demonstrated a method to fabricated and characterize metal microwire device for biosensing application. Using conventional photolithography technique and other experimental techniques, we developed a reliable procedure for producing aluminium wires with micron-scale features. Significantly, in micro fabrication the critical dimension (CD) of wafers in photolithography is the most important parameter that determines the final performance of devices. Hence, it is paramount to have high resolution, high sensitivity and precise alignment to successfully transfer the original pattern to wafer. The process was optimized by control the spin speed for photoresist (PR) coating, spin time, post exposure bake time, developer concentration ratio, hard bake and aluminium etch time so as to achieve the possible fabrication process and get the expected microwire size. The process begins with the photoresists coating and spinning at 3000 rpm to form a thin and uniform layer. Subsequently, the PR coated substrates were exposed to UV light for 10s. After the alignment and exposure, the substrate were developed using the resists developer with 25:10 ratio in which 25 parts of developer and 10 parts of deionized water. Eventually, the post exposure bake and hard bake time were optimized for a better throughput on the pattern transfer process. The aluminium microwire has been successfully fabricated with the contact pads. The wires range in thickness from 1 μm-4μm to achieve a resistivity as low as possible for nano range limit of detection. This microelectrodes transducer will be eventually used as biomolecule detection kit. The fabricated microwire was morphologically characterized using Atomic force microscope (AFM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), High power microscope (HPM). Besides that, the electrical properties of the fabricated aluminium microwire were studied using source meter.


A 3D dosimetry system of proton therapy facility was designed and constructed in Institute of Modern Physics. It is composed of 2D profile detector, depth-dose detector and rang tuning detector. Under the 2D detector operating gas C_(3)F_(8) with the pressure of 700 Pa and the anode voltage of +700 V, the position resolution of about (0.54) mm(FWHM) is achieved for 3-components α particles.


Simulating global fluxes of water, carbon, and energy at the land surface requires accurate and versatile models of stomatal conductance, currently represented by structurally similar and interchangeable forms that share weaknesses at environmental extremes.


ABSTRACT: This study aimed to morphologically characterize the isolates of Ceratocystis fimbriata from yerba mate and to evaluate the effect of culture medium and temperature on mycelial growth and sporulation of C. fimbriata. For the morphological characterization of the 11 monosporic isolates of the fungus, slides were prepared to determine the dimensions of the sexual and asexual structures of the fungus. Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the mycelial growth and to evaluate the sporulation of C. fimbriata in different culture mediums and temperatures. The isolates of C. fimbriata from yerba mate showed perithecia with brown to black necks, divergent ostiolar hyphae, hatshaped hyaline ascospores, single-celled, cylindrical endoconidia, and globular to ovoid aleurioconidia. PDA and V8-agar media showed the highest mycelial growth. The average optimum temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation of isolates of C. fimbriata of yerba mate were 22.5 and 22.4 ºC, respectively.


We employed the risk information seeking and processing (RISP) model to inform the design of antibiotic stewardship messages aiming at influencing intentions to seek or avoid antibiotic risk information. College-age respondents (N = 400) from a national sample viewed one of three versions of a RISP-informed message or no message (control group). Relative to the control group, all RISP-informed messages increased perceptions of information insufficiency. The most complete version of the RISP-informed message increased severity perceptions and information seeking intention and decreased information avoidance intention. Approaches to designing antibiotic stewardship messages are recommended accordingly.


In China,the death penalty for drug crimes is still retained in the Criminal Act,the purpose of which is to crack down on drug crimes forcefully.However,from the angle of judicial practice,we should strictly restrict imposition of the death penalty.From the legislative view,for protection and respect of human rights and in consideration of the legalization of drug use,we should try hard to repeal the death penalty for drug crimes from our criminal law.