A circuit arrangement used with electronic ballast equipment has an inverter which Supplies a high-frequency half-bridge Voltage to at least one load circuit having a lamp throttle, a fluorescent lamp, an ignition capacitor, and a half-bridge capacitor. In order to pre-heat the coils of the fluorescent lamp in a short period of time, a Switchable Voltage Source is activated. This Voltage Source is connected to the output of the inverter. The outputs of the Voltage Source are constructed as a pair, to which the electrodes and the fluorescent lamp are connected in parallel. This Voltage Source includes a transformer having a primary winding coupled to the inverter and is Switched between non conducting and conducting (energized) States by a Switching Stage. The Secondary windings of the transformer are con nected in parallel to the electrodes of the fluorescent lamp.


In order to establish a common view on the next generation of procedures for the life cycle management (LCM) of hull structures, a joint industry project (JIP) was started. It brings together the five major class societies and twelve oil majors and operators, reflecting a broad range of the Floating Production, Storage and Offloading industry. Next generation life cycle management (LCM) procedure for hull structures MARITIME


This paper consists of three parts. First we focus on four theoretical perspectives of crime reduction and consider the implications of the longitudinal study by Soothill et al.(2010, British Journal of Criminology). These 'paradigms' relate to parental child-rearing methods; structural factors of the family during adolescence; geographical segregation; and individual resource deficits. They are considered risk factors for first-time convictions for shoplifting, burglary and violence. Each offence type is considered separately. The second part focuses on the debate about 'why crime rates fell' in many developed countries and the type of explanations put forward. The main authors considered are Conklin, Levitt and Zimring. We point to the remarkable contrast between the factors discussed in the first part of the paper and the factors discussed by these authors who emphasise, among others, the importance of an increased prison population and an increase in the number of police officers. The final part of the paper connects the different sets of results presented in the first two parts. We maintain that the pivotal issue is whether one can develop a society in which all persons feel that they have a stake and, thus, develop internal controls to resist crime. The development of more prisons and more intrusive policing – measures of external controls – is a sad reflection of a failure to do this.


A host of new upstream oil and gas and mining projects is under way in Southeast Asia as a result of increased demand from both within the region and worldwide. This presents governments with an array of issues. Policy concerns go beyond immediate industry matters and may encompass macroeconomic, budgetary, tax, and exchange rate issues, as well as environmental protection and land access and ownership questions. Crucially, given that most projects are in areas distant from the urban centres, they also must address relations between the central and local governments and regional development planning. Petroleum and mining development has many dimensions. Especially critical is the impact of production on local communities and the surrounding environment. Controversy often surrounds petroleum extraction and mining. Instead of bringing development and higher living standards to local areas, they may be criticized for damaging the environment and disrupting the lives of local communities. The projects may be seen by local people as providing wealth to distant central governments and big companies, but providing little real local benefit. These feelings may be compounded where operations are run by large multinational companies, as is still commonly the case in the region, giving rise to allegations that foreigners are taking a country's natural resources bounty. Petroleum and mining development is thus fundamentally intertwined with relations between central governments and regions and policies for development


This study aims to identify and analyze the performance of sub district election committee (PPK) in the palasa sub district in the parigi moutong district . This type of research uses descriptive qualitative approach, measure performance based on the opinions Dwiyanto et al, (2002: 48-49) consists of: productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility and accountability. The collection of data through observation, interview, and documentation, dianlisis through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The study concluded that the performance of the District Election Committee (PPK) District of Palasa, not maximum yield general election (election) in 2014, DPR, DPD and DPRD in District Palasa, based on productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility and accountability. The lack of availability of inputs, especially the time and cost of implementation since socialization until the voting was inadequate. There are still people who have not registered as voters remain, because the task of updating the voter is not maximized executed so that some people use the ID card at the timeo fchoosing.


Avian fauna occupies a special position in an aquatic Ecosystem. Wetland is a special type of ecosystem which supports to the variety of local and migratory bird species by providing the specific habitat component such as abundant food to the herbivores and carnivores bird species. Present study based on census of birds on Godavari River in the month of January 2017. During the study total 757 birds of 43 different species were identified and counted. Among this 42 species 6 species were migratory birds they are Black Winged Stilt, Painted Stork, Common Sandpiper, Rudy Shell Duck, Northern Pintail and Spoonbill. These birds are found abundant during the study period.


One of the biggest challenges in clonal propagation of grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) is 35 difficulty of rooting. Adventitious root initiation and development are the critical steps 36 in the cutting and layering process of grapevine, but the molecular mechanism of 37 these processes remains unclear. Previous reports have found that microRNA 38 (miRNA)-encoded peptides (miPEPs) can regulate plant root development by 39 increasing the transcription of their corresponding primary miRNA (pri-miRNAs). 40 Here, we report the role of a miPEP in increasing adventitious root formation in 41 grapevine. In this study, we performed a global analysis of miPEPs in grapevine, and 42 characterized the function of vvi-miPEP171d1, a functional, small peptide encoded by 43 pri-miR171d. There were three small open reading frames in the 500 bp upstream 44 sequence of pre-miR171d. One of them encoded a small peptide, vvi-miPEP171d1, 45 which could increase the transcription of vvi-MIR171d . Exogenous application of 46 vvi-miPEP171d1 to grape tissue culture plantlets promoted adventitious root 47 development by activating the expression of vvi- MIR171d . Interestingly, neither 48 exogenous application of the vvi-miPEP171d1 peptide nor overexpression of the 49 vvi-miPEP171d1 coding sequence resulted in phenotypic changes in Arabidopsis 50 thaliana . Similarly, application of synthetic ath-miPEP171c, the small peptide 51 encoded by the Arabidopsis ortholog of vvi-MIR171d , inhibited the growth of primary 52 roots and induced the early initiation of lateral and adventitious roots in Arabidopsis, 53 while it had no effect on grape root development. Our findings reveal that 54 miPEP171d1 regulates root development by promoting vvi-MIR171d expression in a 55 species-specific manner, further enriching the theoretical research into


We present a Markov-based model to analyse both connection-level and packet-level quality-of-service (QoS) measures under fair scheduling in differentiated services wireless networks. In our model, two queues are used - one for QoS sensitive traffic and the other for best effort traffic. Connection admission control (CAC) is applied to the QoS sensitive traffic to avoid performance degradation, while there is no connection admission control for the best effort traffic. We obtain connection-level QoS measures (e.g., connection blocking probability) and packet-level QoS measures (i.e., mean number of packets in queue and mean packet delay), and we investigate their inter-dependencies. Typical numerical results show that the connection admission control method can affect the packet-level QoS performance significantly. The proposed analytical model would be useful for design, analysis, and optimization of differentiated services (DiffServ) wireless IP networks.


This paper is concerned with some nonlinear evolution equations governed by tow competitive operators. We treat the problem in a general setting and show how to apply the results to the particular situation of reaction diffusion equation with large reaction and/or large diffusion. keywords : Singular limit, large reaction, large diffusion, elliptic-parabolic problem, L theory, Semigroup of contraction, competition, nonlinear evolution equation, weak solution. ————————————————————Communicated by Editors; Received April 16, 2003. AMS Subject Classification (2000): 34K05, 35F25, 35J30, 35K20


Abstract The synthesis of the saturated carbocyclic methylene phosphonate analog of ddAMP is described by two different methods (epoxyde opening and "purinoselenylation"). Studies towards the formation of 2′,3′ unsaturated analogs by selenoxyde or mesylate elimination are also reported.


Two graphical methods are presented for determining the stick-free neutral point, and they are extensions of the methods commonly used to determine the stick-free neutral point. A mathematical formula for computing the stick-free neutral point is also given. These methods may be applied to determine approximately the increase in tail size necessary to shift the neutral point (stick fixed or free) to any desired location on an airplane having inadequate longitudinal stability.


The paper presents the process plan techniques for the turn mill machine. The turn mill machine is the CNC machine which allows both milling and turning operations to process in the single setup of the component. Due to above aspects, both the machining cost and time taken for machining is reduces. This paper deals with turn mill operations of complex electronic component. The component has much number of operations to be performed.The component has both milling and turning operations to be performed. The component is being machined by 42 tools; it is very difficult to load 42 tools in 3 axes and 4 axes machines. Dimensions are also highly critical and complex. This paper involves optimization of the turn mill processes or operations in order to good surface finish and to get less machining time. To optimize the turn mill process plan, CAD & CAM systems are used.


There is a field of intersection between text and image that throughout the history of cinema has been configured as a space of subtle architectures where the typographic sign (the letter) and its sound emission (the voice) in conjunction with the image, they form a terrain of new audiovisual grammars, a space for experimentation in the creation of meaning and original associations.Alexander Kluge's work is undoubtedly a special case in forcing this relationship between the dimensions of text and image, not only because he has dedicated much of his work to both disciplines, that of writer and that of filmmaker, but because in this space of intersection of the written word and the fluorescence of the image, a renewed dialogue emerges around the meaning of history and the always enriching links between the archive, the document, the function of memory and a critical view of the Present.This article emphasizes the semiotic characteristics of this relationship between text and image in Kluge's work, as well as his peculiar conception of the audiovisual treatise.


Both recent advances in computer-based technologies and a shift in the labor force toward white collar workers herald the coming of the "information age." The technical convergence of data processing, telecommunications, and office systems promises to move the general use of information technology from isolated computing centers to the desks of white collar workers. Most public organizations are using or considering the use of text processing, data base access, persona! computing, user-friendly software, teleconferencing, electronic mail and filing, digitized voice storage, and telecommunications networks that tie the various components into an integrated system. Information technology is now being designed and marketed not just for clerical workers, but for managers and professionals as well. Enthusiasm surrounding these innovations has led to claims that information technology can increase white collar productivity and, in turn, the productivity of government. Proponents of increasing automation often justify expenditures on the basis of enhanced productivity, and advertisements for office automation equipment trumpet the "increasing productivity" produced by new technology. Yet, given confusion about the definition and measurement of productivity in government, the goal of increasing governmental productivity through expanded use of information technology has different meanings for different people. These misunderstandings will continue to create problems for cost justification and realistic productivity expectations concerning information technology use. We cannot possibly hope to present a single conception of governmental productivity that satisfies all purposes. We do propose a conception that is appropriate for assessing the effects of information technology. We then present five models of improving governmental productivity based on that conception which should help to clarify some expectations about improving productivity in government with information technology.


The rapid proliferation of online textual databases on the Internet has made it difficult to effectively and efficiently search desired information for the users. Often, the task of locating the most relevant databases with respect to a given user query is hindered by the heterogeneities among the underlying local textual databases. In this chapter, we first identify various potential selection cases in distributed textual databases (DTDs) and classify the types of DTDs. Based on these results, the relationships between selection cases and types of DTDs are recognized and necessary constraints of database selection methods in different cases are given which can be used to develop a more effective and suitable selection algorithm. This chapter appears in the book, Intelligent Agents for Data Mining and Information Retrieval, edited by Masoud Mohammadian. Copyright © 2004, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING


Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the effect of foliar and soil fertilization with humic acid (HA) on quality, growth and yield of tomato under greenhouse conditions in 2004 and 2005. Tomato plants were treated with soil and foliar HA applications at different concentrations (0 ml/l, 10 ml/l and 20 ml/l). Three weeks after planting HA was sprayed four times during the vegetation period at 10-day intervals. Furthermore, 0, 10 and 20 ml/l HA solutions were applied as a drench to the plant root area four times during the vegetation period at 10-day intervals three weeks after planting. HA treatments had no effect on pH and titratable acidity (TA) of tomato. Total soluble solids (TSS) increased with both foliar and soil HA treatments. Foliar 20 ml/l HA application resulted in the highest ascorbic acid (AA) content. Foliar applications of HA led to higher leaf and stem dry matter contents than the control. Both foliar and soil HA treatments positively affected fruit characteristics including fruit diameter, fruit height, mean fruit weight and fruit number per plant. Similarly, HA treatments increased the early yield of tomato compared to control. The yield of tomato was significantly influenced by soil and foliar HA applications. The highest yield occurred in foliar 20 ml/l HA treatment. The study shows that 20 ml/l concentration of HA sprays could be successfully used to obtain better growth and yield in tomato.


Through single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment of 3 factors and 3 levels,the conditions for extraction of polysaccharide from ginger were optimized.The results showed that:there were obvious differences in the percent of extraction of polysaccharides when the ratio of was changed(P0.01),and the extracting temperature made difference in it(P0.05),but the extracting time had little influence on it.The optimized extraction conditions for polysaccharide from ginger were:1∶ 16 proportion of ginger to solution,90 ℃ of extracting temperature and 2.5 hours of extracting time.


This paper uses an individual-level survey conducted by the Edelman Trust Barometer in mid-April for 11 advanced and emerging market economies to examine perceptions of government performance in managing the health and economic crisis, beliefs about the future, and attitudes about redistribution. We find that women, non-college educated, the unemployed, and those in non-teleworkable jobs systematically have less favorable perceptions of government responses. Personally experiencing illness or job loss caused by the pandemic can shape people's beliefs about the future, heightening uncertainties about prolonged job losses, and the imminent threat from automation. Economic anxieties are amplified in countries that experienced an early surge in infections followed by successful containment, suggesting that negative beliefs can persist. Support for pro-equality redistributive policies varies, depending on personal experiences and views about the poor. However, we find strong willingness to provide social safety nets for vulnerable individuals and firms by those who have a more favorable perception of government responses, suggesting that effective government actions can promote support for redistributive policies.


An investigation of the bio-optical properties of the South Atlantic subtropical gyre (SASG) was conducted using data primarily from the UK Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) program and SeaWiFS. The AMT cruises extend from the UK to the Falklands Islands (sailing on the RRS James Clark Ross) with the purpose of improving our knowledge of surface layer hydrography, biogeochemical processes, ecosystem dynamics and food webs across basin scales in the Atlantic Ocean. Two objectives of the AMT program relevant to this study are the characterization of biogeochemical provinces and the analysis of optical and pigment parameters in connection with remote sensing ocean color data. The primary focus of this NASA Technical Memorandum is on the variability of the vertical distribution of phytoplankton pigments and associated absorption properties across the SASG, and their relevance to remote sensing algorithms. Therefore, a subset of the AMT data within the SASG from all available cruises was used in the analyses. One of the challenges addressed here is the determination of the SASG geographic boundaries. One of the major problems is to reconcile the properties of biogeochemical provinces. We use water mass analysis, dynamics of ocean currents, and meridional gradients of bio-optical properties, to identify the SASG boundaries.


Fuel cells are very promising for use in stationary and mobile electricity generation, for example traction and portable power. The paper describes the influence of switching power electronics on the efficiency and lifetime of fuel cells. The main topic is the dynamic operation of a fuel cell and the influence of the gas supply. Measurements were done to prove the linear behaviour of the fuel cell in a certain frequency range with high AC current components. A simple way is described to calculate the additional losses caused by a 100 Hz modulated power demand or the current ripple of a power electronic device. Further the dynamics of the fuel cell with different gas supplies are demonstrated in general and the influence of dynamic operation with sufficient and not-sufficient gas supply on the lifetime are presented. The paper provides fundamental knowledge for the design of power electronics in order to optimise the efficiency of fuel cells with minimum costs


The invention relates to a valve (1, 20, 40) for securing the air intake flow rate control functions in an air intake line and controlling the flow of exhaust gas in an EGR circuit. The main characteristic of a valve according to the invention is that it comprises a casing (2, 22, 42) continuous delimiting a first compartment comprising a first conduit (5) for admission to which is mounted a metering flap (10) and a second compartment comprising a second conduit (6, 46) of EGR in which is mounted a closing device (12, 52), and in that said housing (2, 22, 42) surrounds at least one sub motor ( 11, 13, 31, 33) for operating said metering flap (10) and said closure device (12, 52).


Better understanding of the hydrodynamic behavior in three-phase airlift loop reactors (TPALRs) is important for their design and scale-up. In the present paper, combination of pressure difference method with gas-liquid inter-phase slip velocity was proposed to measure the phase holdups in TPALRs. The comparison between the measured axial-averaged solid holdups and those calculated from the solid loading shows that the used method is reliable. The gas holdup and solid holdup were experimentally studied with the proposed measuring method. The results show that the gas holdup increases with the increase in the superficial gas velocity, and increases along the axial position. Large particles can break bubbles and increase the gas holdup. The solid holdup decreases with the increase in the superficial gas velocity, and its variation along the axial position is more remarkable than that of the gas holdup. The solid holdup decreases with the increase in the superficial gas velocity. At high superficial gas velocities, the solid holdup has an S-type axial profile.


meiner Mutter " A feeling is widely and strongly held that 'the Establishment' is out of its mind' ... that we are trying to impose some U.S. image on distant people we can not understand. Related to that feeling is the increased polarization that is taking place in the United States, with seeds of the worst split in our people in more than a century. "-John McNaughton 'Assistant Secretary of Defense'-Abstract i Abstract Every scholar studying the American involvement in the Vietnam War, has to deal in some way with the relationship of the administration to the media and public opinion. Most research however focuses mostly on the cleavages produced by the latter, stressing the restrictions imposed by them on the freedom of action of the President in time of crisis. But if one understands this triangular relationship rather as a process of communication – as the research on political communication does – the scholar has to analyze the interactions between the players involved. This view is in my opinion supported not only through the theoretical framework, but first of all because " American involvement in the Vietnam War required explanation and justification, as is usually the case with most conflicts ". * Beside this, unique problems – which are outlined in the study – were inherent in the justification of this conflict by the administration that make the Vietnam War not only a military problem for the American leadership, but also a problem of communication with its people. Referring to the prior, the studies aim is to examine this communication process between the administrative-system, the media and the public. In analysing this triangle the study addresses questions, crucial for temporary history in general and the functioning of democratic systems in time of crisis in particular. Within this broader framework the studies main focus, is the information policy of the Johnson-Administration during the Vietnam War. The following questions should be addressed: First, which information-strategy embarked the administration, when it was confronted with changing intensity of public opposition? Secondly, was the strategy adequate in respect to the requirements imposed through the war on the administration? Finally the question has to be answered, if there are any deficiencies in the information-policy of the JOHNSON White House. The timeframe of the study concentrates on the period beginning January 1967 until JOHNSON's official withdrawal of the presidential race on March 31 in 1968. This …


In the 16 th century, in Prague, the wise Rabbi Maharal created a Golem through the magic of Kabbalah. The material is clay. The creation's ritual involves reciting the Genesis and evoking the mysteries handed down from generation to generation since the sign. The ritual also includes the repetition of the names that everyone feared to pronounce. It is, therefore, repetition of God's creative act itself, the emulation of the creation of Adam, the first man. Heroic tasks are reserved for the Golem. Then when the man of clay begins to show signs of spiritual maturity, it is time to undo the spell. This article therefore intends, through the legend of the Maharal and the Golem, to enrich the discussion of the Creator-Creature.


MARY DONNABELLE BALELA, V. VANNALADSAYSV, ZUHAILAWATI HUSSAIN* School rif 1V1aterials and lv1ineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malqysia 14300 Nibong Teba~ Pulau Pinang, Malqysia Tel (04) 599 5258, Fax (04) 599 1011 zuhaila@eng. usm.my* Ne1v trends in the cutting and machining tool indttstry include faster cutting rate, dry' cuttit~g and highfy Jt'ear re.ristant tool material.r. The.re requirements are necessary for higher production rate and improved dimensional accurary in the manufactured parts. With the.re challenges, ceramic composite cutting tools are non; being utilized especialfy in the mtting and machining qf hard and abrasitJe mate~ials like superallqys and cobalt-based workpieces. In this papet; a revie1v if the properties if cuttit~ and machining tools, as U'ell as some if the ceramic composite cutting tools bei1~ ttsed todqy will be discussed


Abstract : A research program was initiated at the National Research Council of Canada to look for a new type of model ice which would accurately represent sea ice in its mechanical properties over a wide range of scaling factors. The results of this program are outlined in this report. The findings indicate that ice doped with either carbamide (urea) or lithium chloride would be a good model representation for sea ice for tests scaled up to 40:1. (Author)


A series of layered nickel-based LaNiAsO(1-x)F(x) compounds with x=0-0.15 are synthesized by solid-state reactions. The pure LaNiAsO exhibits bulk superconductivity with T(c)similar to 2.75 K. Partial substitution of oxygen with fluorine increases the transition temperature to similar to 3.8 K. The LaNiAsO(0.9)F(0.1) sample shows a sharp superconducting transition and a sharp specific-heat jump at the critical temperature. The magnitude of the specific-heat jump is much larger than that expected from the weak-coupling BCS theory, indicating that this superconductor is in the strong-coupling regime. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the specific heat deviates strongly from the theoretical result for the single-band s- or d-wave superconductor but shows a characteristic feature of multigap.


This annual monitoring and inspection report provides an analysis and summary for site inspections, meteorological information, and neutron soil moisture monitoring data obtained at the U-3fi Injection Well during the October 2001 to October 2002 period. The U-3fi Injection Well is located in Area 3 of the Nevada Test Site (NTS), Nye County, Nevada. Inspections of the Area 3 U-3fi Injection Well are conducted to determine and document the physical condition of the concrete pad, facilities, and any unusual conditions that could impact the proper operation of the waste disposal unit closure. The objective of the neutron logging is to monitor the soil moisture conditions along the 128-meter (m) (420-feet [ft]) ER3-3 monitoring well and detect changes that may be indicative of moisture movement in the regulated interval extending between 73 to 82 m (240 to 270 ft).


A microgrid system is a small-scale power generation system which can connect to other utility grids or operate independently as a stand-alone system. With the advancement in power electronics, DC/DC converters are widely used in remote data communication, manufacturing and aerospace industry, and energy field. In this tutorial paper, we represent an entire microgrid system to explain different operational modes of DC/DC converters. DC/DC converters can be classified as a boost converter, buck converter, and bi-directional converter. We represent a simple structure bi-directional DC/DC converter connected to the DC bus and battery storage to achieve two-directional energy flow: from the battery to DC bus or DC bus to the battery. With a simple control scheme, the bi-directional DC/DC converter operates in two modes: buck and boost. In discharge mode, the bi-directional DC/DC converter acts as a boost converter and power flows from the battery to DC bus, whereas in charge mode, the bi-directional DC/DC converter acts as a buck converter and transmits energy from DC bus to the battery. Also, a stand-alone photovoltaic power system is connected to the battery to supply power for the battery storage. The entire microgrid system is utilized to supply power for the DC load in a sustainable way. The proposed model is implemented and simulated on MATLAB and effective results are demonstrated.


Abstract In this article, I reflect on Nelson Mandela's (Madiba, the clan name of Mandela) education legacy. I argue that Madiba's education legacy is constituted by three interrelated aspects: firstly, an education for non-violence guided by deliberation, compassion and reconciliation; secondly, education as responsibility towards the Other; and thirdly, education that cultivates a 'community of thinking'. Educational philosophy and theory would be richly informed by the compelling education legacy bequeathed us by Nelson Mandela.


Abstract We report a novel, efficient, and easily prepared substrate/precursor family of Schiff bases of various glycine esters with 2-hydroxybenzophenone, and their use for the synthesis of amino acids in quantitative yields. The Michael addition of the substrates to methyl acrylate gave two different types of product (cyclic or chain), depending on the nature of the base. Also, we demonstrated that one of the new substrates could be involved in an asymmetric version of the alkylation reaction (70% ee).


The following account of the results of the Comparisons of the Standards of Length of England, Austria, Spain, United States, Cape of Good Hope, and of a second Russian Standard at the Ordnance Survey Office has been drawn up by Lieutenant-Colonel Clarke, and is a sequel to the abstract of the results of the Comparisons of the Standards of Length of England, France, Belgium, Prussia, Russia, India, and Australia which the Royal Society has done us the honour to publish in the Philosophical Transactions for 1867, vol. clvii. p. 161. The accurate determination of the lengths of the various standards employed by so many nations in the measure of the bases of their triangulations, which are now being united into one vast network of triangles, covering the whole of Europe, can scarcely fail to be of great importance for the advancement of physical science.


Context. In the study, the task of identifying objects moving in space from a mobile system of technical vision is considered. The analysis of the modern methods of dynamic object identification from both stationary and moving platforms is conducted. The need to create a new method for the identification of dynamic objects with a mobile optical-electronic system, which is adaptive to changing observation conditions, is identified. This is a relevant scientific and technical problem. The object of the study is the model of moving object detection from a mobile vision system. Objective. The objective of this article is the analysis of the modern methods of moving object identification and the creation of a new method. The method must allow observation from a mobile vision system and must be able to adapt to changing observation conditions. Method. A method for identifying objects moving in space from a mobile vision system is proposed, which allows to automatically detect moving objects, determine their three-dimensional coordinates with a given accuracy, and adapt to changing observation conditions. This method is based on the developed mathematical model of stereoscopic determination of motion parameters of objects in space, which allows us to increase the detection accuracy. Results. The proposed method is implemented in software. An experiment confirming the adequacy of this mathematical model was conducted. As the result of the experiment, data on the movement of the object and the mobile coordinate system were obtained. Conclusions. The experiments have confirmed the performance of the proposed method and allow us to recommend it when building mobile automatic tracking and identification systems for objects. The method allows automatic isolation of the moving objects, determining their three-dimensional coordinates, and adapting to changing observation conditions. Prospects for further research may be in the creation of hardware tools for the selection of moving objects, allowing to improve the accuracy of the selection.


T IS commonly agreed that the Christian doctrine of the Word made flesh gives to history a significance it did not possess for classical Greek thought. Time ceases to be circular and acquires directionality. Directionality is constituted not only by telos but byfinis. Time has beginning with creation, receives its telos through the Incarnation, and has its finis with the Last Judgment. Time, thus, acquires meaning as the interval of duration between creation and redemption. As such, it has an irreversible direction. The purpose of this paper is a limited one. I propose to compare the PlatonicAristotelian views of time with that of Augustine. Perhaps we shall be able to determine whether or not classical Greek thought attained to the concept of historical as distinct from physical time--if not, why not. We shall also be concerned to understand in what sense there are "kinds" of time, although time is essentially one thing, viz., duration. A certain directionality of time is a mode under which the Christian apprehends the power and purpose of God-the purpose of redemption. In such a perspective history becomes heilsgeschichte, or saving history. But this perspective would be quite impossible for the Greek mind in so far as it did not attain to the conception of teleological or historical time. Actually, for the Greeks, humane existence as such is as assured of dissolution as of fulfilment.


An oil field enterprise in Xinjiang had finished the first round of cleaner production audit in 2007.It had identified 14 cleaner production programs,among which there were 9 no/low cost programs and 5 medium / high cost programs.The company produced the direct and indirect economic benefit 40.5727 million yuan per year.The oil field enterprise has finished the second round of cleaner production audit in 2011.It has identified 14 cleaner production programs,among which there were 6 no/low cost programs and 8 medium/ high cost programs.The company produced the direct and indirect economic benefit 19.5414 million yuan per year.The enterprise has achieved win-win of economic and environmental benefits by the two rounds of cleaner production audit.


Turbulence and zonal flow at a transport barrier are studied with twin heavy ion beam probes in a toroidal helical plasma. A wavelet analysis is used to extract turbulence properties, e.g. spectra of both density and potential fluctuations, the coherence and the phase between them and the dispersion relation. Particle transport estimated from the fundamental characteristics is found to clearly rise with their intermittent activities after the barrier is broken down. Time-dependent analysis reveals that the intermittency of turbulence is correlated with the evolution of the stationary zonal flow.


Studying from the angle of philosophy,we can acquire the more thorough. intensive. reliable and creative knowledge of "advance with the times "and "creativity". In the level of essence "advance with times "and"creativity"have the same meaning:both refer to the creative cognition and action according to the patterns of development and claims of times on the base of practice. The essence of "advance with thmes"is creativity.


An experimental setup to determine the anisotropic dielectric constants for liquid crystalline side chain polymers as function of the temperature and the frequency in the range between 100 Hz and 10 MHz is described. From the anisotropic dielectric data some more specific informations can be obtained comparing with the results obtained from unoriented samples. - The anisotropic dielectric properties of two liquid crystalline side chain polymers containing the same polyacrylic main chain and slightly modified side chains are described in the glassy, nematic as well as in the isotropic state as function of temperature and frequency. For these compounds, three different relaxation processes are described. A process was found with the main component in ϵ∥ due to the relaxation of the mesogenic side chain around the main chain back bone. A broad relaxation process, near above the glass temperature, with the main component in ϵ⟂ is interpreted as due to diffusive motion of different dipoles. Another broad relaxation process occurs in the glassy state, containing parallel and perpendicular dipole components of the mesogenic ester group. In the isotropic state, the relaxation process is dominated by the parallel relaxation in the nematic state.


In report a new method of quantitative determination of apoptosis parameters in cellular suspensions using correlation optic methods is considered. The principle of the new optical verification method is described. This method includes sounding of liquid flow with monochromatic coherent light, registration of impulse signals resulting from interaction of sounding radiation with cells, and measuring impulses' amplitude and duration and construction on the basis of obtained measurement results functions of two-dimensional pulses' amplitudes and duration distribution that express statistical intensity characteristics of light scattering by cells. On the basis of obtained functions the size distribution of cells is determined and apoptosis parameters are estimated. Results of apoptotic cells of K562 line (human leukemia), induced by cisplatin action, are described.


South Africa's largest Electricity Supply Industry (ESI), Eskom, has introduced a pilot project aimed at devel- oping and introducing a Real-time Pricing (RTP) tariff to its customers (l). The potential electricity cost savings that this tariff will have on the cogeneration industry will be mod- elled. The purpose of this study is to add more insight into the basic concepts surrounding the scheduling of cogenera- tion. The system configuration will be discussed and simpli- fied. The schematic model configuration will show the model input-output characteristics. The model consists of an energy and cost function section. After modelling the generation and steam shifting operations, the cost of electrical energy due to t4e implementation of the RTP tariff structure wiN be cal- culated from the model. This cost will be compared with the cost of enerjg after optimal Nightsave (Eskom's two-part demand and energy tariff) scheduling were done. The advan- tages that the RTP tariff holds for the industries with cogen- eration facilities will be discussed. I. NOMENCLATURE Invuts: Fixed parameters: ESI,,= Minimum power supplied by the ESI Rw) ESI, = Maximum power supplied by the ESI kw) PS lm= Minimum power supplied by PS 1 kwl PS l,= Maximum power supplied by PS 1 lkw PS2-= Minimum power supplied by PS2 Fw) PS2,,= Maximum power supplied by PS2 Rwl Vuriable parameters:


The biconic tapered fiber has been fabricated using flame elongation technique by heating and stretching a piece of single mode fiber (SMF). Intermodal interference occurs in the abrupt biconic tapered fiber. The modulated spectral response was characterized to determine the strain effect. It was found that the shifting of peak modulated spectral response was well matched to the phase change introduced by Michelson-type transmission equation.


A new and much more restrictive limit is imposed here on the distance of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) in extragalactic models of the bursts. This limit is based on the fact that deep optical and infrared surveys do not find any host galaxies in many GRB error boxes. It is shown that 10 of the brighter GRB sources must be farther than 1 gigaparsec and that eight of these must emit more than 10 exp 13 ergs during a burst. This result is about four orders of magnitude stricter in energy than the previous limit. Five of the sources have limits in that the energy must be greater than the binding energy of a neutron star.


Abstract A study on the importance of wind-induced canopy gaps was conducted in Kampinos National Park (Poland) between2018 and 2021. Two types of habitats were considered – dry mesotrophic oak forest and wet Scots pine forest (Molinio- Pinetum). Canopy gaps were characterized by higher plant species richness than in adjacent areas, and their effect was weaker in oligotrophic coniferous forest than in mesotrophic deciduous oak stand.


The debate between Glymour ( [2]) and Fine ( [ 1]) hinges in part on a comparison of the width of the incoming wave packet in momentum space with the angles intercepted by the detectors in the Cross-Ramsey experiment. As Fine argues, it follows from the quantum formalism that the initial dispersion will be conserved in Compton scattering, and he allows that the Sum Rule is constrained by the statistical results of quantum mechanics. The Sum Rule may fail, but it will not fail in any way that violates quantum mechanics. Thus most of the time the individual momentum value does not change more than the width of the initial wave packet: usually the value of Q-ye at t must equal the value of Q '~ at t' plus the value of Q e at t' ± ;).p/2, where ;).p represents the dispersion in momentum for the initial gamma ray. Thus in order to refute Fine's thesis, the detectors must discriminate finely enough to pick out changeovers of individual values within ;).p. Standard treatments of experiments like Cross-Ramsey usually assume that the gamma beam is in an eigenstate of momentum. If this were so, conservation would follow immediately from standard quantum theory, there could be no switchover of values on Fine's analysis, and Compton-Simon or Cross-Ramsey experiments would be irrelevant for testing Fine's thesis. But this assumption is clearly an oversimplification. At most the initial beam could be in a "near" eigenstate. So the question arises, is it "near enough" to make Cross-Ramsey irrelevant? Glymour says at the end of his paper that he sees no reason to think so. I see three reasons. In order for a Cross-Ramsey experiment to test the Sum Rule, the detectors must respond to angle spreads smaller than the dispersion in the initial beam. But (1) this is not the case in Cross-Ramsey; (2) it is never the case in scattering experiments; and (3) if it were the case in Cross-Ramsey, it is unclear whether the detectors would be detecting momentum at all.


Method for providing a graphical user interface to chat, on a associated with a multimedia apparatus, comprising the steps of screen: receiving a broadcast video signal; receiving text communications from at least one other television viewer; displaying said broadcast video signal in a first display area on said display; determine the identity of the television programming displayed in said first display area; determine the issue of such identity of television programming; selecting a background image from a database of images, corresponding said background image to said subject; inserting said background image as a background in a second display area on said display; and superimposing said text communications over said background image in said second display area.


In the study of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by gene co-expression analysis (GCA), we found that four gene features, including gene size, mRNA length, mRNA abundance, and guanine-cytosine content, profoundly affect gene co-expression profiles. To circumvent the potential interference of these confounding factors on GCA, we developed the "matched-gene co-expression analysis" (MGCA) to investigate gene co-expression relationships. This method demonstrated the convergent expression profile of high confidence ASD risk genes and effectively revealed convergent molecular pathways of ASD risk genes. Application of MGCA to two ASD candidate genes CDH11 and CDH9 showed association of CDH11, but not CDH9, with ASD. Mouse behavioral studies showed that Cdh11-null mice, but not Cdh9-null mice, have multiple autistic-like behavioral alterations. This study confirmed that CDH11 is an important ASD risk gene and demonstrated the importance of considering matched gene features in the analysis of gene co-expression.


PURPOSE: A decoding apparatus, a decoding method, an encoding method and a computer-readable storage medium are provided to improve the efficiency of a content transmission by reducing the capability of a decoder description. CONSTITUTION: A configuration unit(100) is input the identifier of one function unit and a decoder description. The decoder description includes connection-relation information which is configured by a token. The configuration unit selects function units from a storage unit(200) and connects the selected units using the token. The configuration unit configures a variable decoder.


1. Hypertension peculiar to pregnancy. Pregnancy -induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia (PE), toxaemia. A multisystem disease with onset after 24 weeks of gestation (excluding hydatidiform mole) where there is hypertension, proteinuria, central nervous system irritability, hepatic and renal functional abnormalities and consumption coagulopathy (1). More simply, it is hypertension, proteinuria and oedema occuring after the 24th week of gestation.


Czech returns to education are estimated using 2002 data on hourly wages of salaried employees. The return to an additional year of schooling is close to 10% – that is relatively high given the level of economic development and average schooling level. Particularly large is the college/high-school wage gap: it is about 50% higher than in Germany or Austria, which have a similar education structure. This is likely caused by the short supply of tertiary education provided by the funds-starved Czech public colleges.


A method and a system for managing an alarm of an outsourced part and a method for managing the configuration information of an outsourced part are provided, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the maintenance operation in a Business Operation Support System (BOSS) for the alarm function of the outsourced part is complex. The method for managing the configuration information of the outsourced part is applied to a system for managing the alarm of the outsourced part, and the system includes a client side and a server side. The method includes: the client side receives a request from a user for operating the configuration information of the outsourced part; according to the request for operating, the client side performs the corresponding operation on the configuration information of the outsourced part that the client side stores, and sends the operation result to the server side according to the type of operation; and according to the operation result, the server side performs an update process on the configuration information of the outsourced part that the server side stores. With the technical scheme of the invention, the maintenance operation of the BOSS for the alarm function of the outsourced part could be simplified.


A general method was developed for modification of the equations describing flow through capillaries of circular cross-section, to determine pressure drops for Newtonian liquids flowing through porous beds at extremely low flow rates. These equations may be used for direct calculations of the pressure drop and do not require correction for specific conditions. Experimental verification for power-law, Ellis and Tjabin liquids through a fixed bed of spherical particles is described.


Melting of mineral components of the charge of fluxcored wires or electrode coating is accompanied by the formation of a protective zone whose composition must be homogeneous. Therefore, it is important to know the values of the solubility of components of the charge which are determined by temperature and composition, and predict the composition of the slag melt in such a manner as not to exceed these values. The calculation methods make it possible to determine the concentration dependence of the solubility of magnesium oxide in multicomponent slags. The equation for calculation of the solubility of magnesium oxide in acid slags of the CaO-MgO-Na2O-SiO2 system has the following form'


A possible disadvantage of jet therapy is a lateral tearing of the skin if the column of fluid strikes the skin at an angle. Care was taken to ensure the correct positioning of the gun, and no tears were seen. Bleeding or oozing from the injection site is commoner in jet therapy than conventional methods, but is easily controlled by firm pressure for a few minutes or through a dressing left in place for two hours. On one occasion a branch of the left temporal artery was damaged and arterial bleeding occurred. This was easily controlled by firm pressure. No systemic reactions were observed.


Purpose: Cervical cancer (CCa) is the fourth most frequent and a common cause of cancer mortality in women, the majority of whom live in low- and middle-income countries. Data on CCa mortality and its determinants have been poorly studied in Nigeria, resulting in a paucity of information that can assist patient management and cancer control policy.
 The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality rate among CCa patients in Nigeria as well as the major factors influencing CCa mortality.
 Methods: Data from the medical records of 343 CCa patients seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and NSIA-LUTH Cancer Center from 2015 to 2021 were used in a retrospective cohort analysis. The hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) associated with the exposure variables and CCa mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression.
 Results: The CCa mortality rate was 30.5 per 100 women-years after 2.2 years of median follow-up. Clinical factors such as HIV/AIDS (adjusted HR [aHR]: 11.9; 95% CI: 4.6, 30.4), advanced clinical stage (aHR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.5, 4.7), and anemia at presentation (aHR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.0) were associated with a higher mortality risk, as were non-clinical factors such as age at diagnosis >50 years (aHR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.9) and family history of CCa (aHR: 3.5; 95%CI: 1.1, 11.1)
 Conclusion: CCa has a high mortality rate in Nigeria. Incorporating these clinical and non-clinical factors into CCa management and control policies may improve women's outcomes.
 Citation Format: Idris Ola, Adebola Okunowo, Muhammad Habeebu, Junmei Miao Jonasson. Clinical and Non-Clinical Determinants of Cervical Cancer Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Lagos, Nigeria [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 20.


Some formulas which are used for calculating the BERs (bit error rates) of coherent and noncoherent receivers for M-ary orthogonal signals in frequency-nonselected Rician slow fading channels are derived. There are also many numerical results given. Finally, the performance of a coherent receiver has been compared with a noncoherent receiver.


Palaeoclimatic and palaeogeological events have been identified as two main factors that influence the genetic structuring of extant organisms. We studied a montane stream‐dwelling insect, Metrocoris sichuanensis, to explore the relative roles played by these two factors in population genetic connectivity.


Twenty four crossbred (Large White Yorkshire X Indigenous) barrows, randomly divided into 4 groups, were offered one of the rations containing 0, 15, 20 or 25% of amaranthus whole plant meal (AWPM) ad libitum during finisher phase (35–60 kg). There was a linear decrease (P<0.01) in ADG, efficiency of feed utilization, digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen retention and back fat thickness with increase in the levela of AWPM in the rations. The cost of feed per kg gain did not vary much and was Rs. 28.17, 27.30, 28.19 and 28.54, respectively. So, AWPM should not be included more than 15%, in the rations of finisher crossbred barrows for economic pork production.


We have developed a consultation system that assists in the communication between salespeople and their customers. It uses interaction and an information sharing function. The system provides a special information service for sales organizations that use of multiagents. We propose a concept for coordinating the consultation system. In this system, a sales expert and multiagents provide service as one body. Moreover, we have developed an effective communication method in which a salesperson and a manager cooperate with their agents to perform N Customer: M expert communication with their customers.


ABSTRACT: Deloitte's 2007 PCAOB Part II report identifies, among other issues, concerns related to the audit firm's quality controls with respect to auditing income tax accounts. We investigate whether Deloitte's actions to remediate the PCAOB's concerns are associated with changes to their clients' financial reporting for income taxes. We find that Deloitte's clients increased the reported valuation allowance on deferred tax assets and increased the reported reserve for uncertain tax benefits (UTBs) in response to increased auditor scrutiny over income tax accounts. Additionally, we find that in subsequent periods, Deloitte's clients report valuation allowances and UTB balances that are not significantly different than other annually inspected auditors, consistent with Deloitte changing the quality controls related to audits of income tax accounts after the failed remediation of the 2007 Part II report.


IFwe take Geiger's translation of the Citlavamsa as our authority, a monastery named Gonisa-vihara played an important part in the early upbringing of Dhatusena, the warrior king of the fifth century, who reestablished Sinhalese sovereignty after a period of Tamil rule, constructed the great irrigation reservoir named Kaliivava and came to a tragic end at the hands of his son Kassapa I. The Ciiiavomsa, after recounting Dhatuscna's parentage, informs us that, as a small boy, he had adopted the life of a siiniancra under the tutelage of his uncle, an unnamed theta who resided in the Dighasanda-avasa of the Mahavihara. Two incidents which portended the great destiny that awaited Dhatusena, and the measures adopted by his uncle, the theta, to protect the small boy, and to fit him for his future career, are narrated in a passage, vv. 17-21 of chapter 38 of the Cuiavamsa, which has been translated by Geiger as given below:


There is currently a need for school psychologists to write remedial recommendations for the same educational problems identified by teachers and parents. Such fundamental problems as reading, writing, and arithmetic need to be assessed on the basis that a child simply has not learned the necessary subtasks within these skills or that certain immediate environmental conditions prevent the child from acquiring the skills. Previous assessment procedures ignore the task and the immediate environment and assess only the child's inability to learn. The child, the task, and the immediate environment need to be included in an assessment. A direct assessment anaylzes the task to be learned in such a way that the steps required to learn the skills are specified, and the child's level within the task is determined. This assessment takes into consideration that the child's immediate environment can make a difference in performance. Factors within the environment are assessed to determine whether they set the occasion for inappropriate responses. In addition, the environment in which the child must learn is systematically evaluated to determine those factors that can be modified so that learning will occur, while the unique learning characteristics of the child are also considered.


With the increasing interest in coverage in various fields and in different circumstances such as military or environmental matters, the need has increased to improve the deployment of wireless sensors in a way that ensures the presence of the least number of sensors and maximum coverage. This problem is considered NP-hard. In this paper, we will present an experimental study in solving the problem of maximum coverage over a two-dimensional space and in the presence of heterogeneous nodes containing different sensing ranges, using the genetic algorithm. We will study the various parameters of the genetic algorithm such as selection, crossover and mutation methods. Finally, we will compare the results that give the best coverage.


The aim of this work is to show the application of computer software to solve complicated real life engineering problems. The software used is MATLAB where a code is written after the theoretical derivation of the governing equations. The application of MATLAB is on mechanical engineering fluid mechanics unit. The application is for the selection of the best arrangement of pipes series/parallel of different diameters, roughness, and lengths to achieve the best operating conditions for a pump in a specified pipe network. This includes selecting the minimum pump power and pressure drop. A MATLAB code is used to solve for different scenarios of arrangement which will save time and efforts. Results from MATLAB shows a simple solution of simultaneously nonlinear equations describing the system compared to other traditional methods of solution like trial and error manual solutions. MATLAB makes the selection of a scenario among seven possible scenarios easy and accurate.


Objective:To determine the expressions of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) by immunohistochemistry in invasive apocrine carcinomas(IACs),and analyze the clinical-pathological significance.Methods:Thirty-three cases of IACs which contented histological diagnostic criteria were collected by retrospective analysis.The HE sections and clinical data were reviewed,and the expressions of ER,PR and HER2 were determined by immunohistochemistry.Results:ER,PR and HER2 expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry in all cases for molecular typing.Among them,18 cases of triple negative(TN) type,11 cases of HER2 type,and 4 cases of other types were classed.Conclusions:IACs shows unique morphological features and immunohistochemical expression patterns.For molecular typing,most of them were classed into TN type and HER2 type.


The last glacial was an interval characterized by a sequence of abrupt millennial-scale events well documented mainly from the Greenland and Antarctica ice-cores. Although the triggers are not fully understood, most of the works agree that they occurred in consonance with oscillations in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Paleoceanographic reconstructions have shown that cold millennial-scale stadials were accompanied by high temperatures in the subsurface to intermediate waters of the Atlantic Ocean that may have acted in both the basal melting of ice-sheets and in the rapid atmospheric warming during the onset of warm interstadials. Assuming that recent transient models indicated an accentuated response of the subsurface western South Atlantic to the millennial-scale disturbances, here we present a paleoceanographic reconstruction in this area based on the deep-dwelling planktic foraminifer Globorotalia inflata. Our high-resolution oxygen isotope (d18O) presents a sequence of millennial-scale variability that strongly resembles the structure of the Greenland Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, mainly during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5. On the other hand, during MIS 3, this millennial-scale feature is absent or weakly represented. Cross-spectral analyzes indicate a meaningful north-to-south forcing over the western South Atlantic subsurface during early-glacial. Mg/Ca-derived temperature and ice-volume free seawater d18O (d18OIVF-SW) executed for the MIS 5 interval demonstrated that the subsurface western South Atlantic was warmer and saltier (colder and fresher) during early glacial stadial (interstadials). We hypothesized that a wide reorganization of the northward heat transport throughout the last glacial occurred, in which regions so far south as 24 ºS worked as prominent heat reservoirs in periods of weakened AMOC during MIS 5 but not necessarily during MIS 3. Our data suggest that future impacts over the AMOC along the Brazilian margin will likely be recognized in the subsurface layers of the western South Atlantic.


The effects of assuming a normal distribution when in fact the data are lognormal are examined with respect to confidence intervals based on the usual t-statistic. The nature and degree of coverage probabilities which can be overstated or understated are examined.


Objective To study the causes of ineffectiveness of microvascular decompression (MVD) and need for reoperation in the treatment of hemifacial spasm (HFS). Methods Reoperative MVD was performed in 15 HFS patients undergoing previous ineffective MVD. In the patients, the main causes of ineffectiveness included misjudgment of compressing vessels (5 cases), improper insertion of decompressing grafts (8 cases), improper selection of grafts (1 case) and small grafts (1 case). Results Symptoms of HFS disappeared immediately after reoperative MVD in 14 patients and the symptoms of HFS improved significantly in 1 patient which delayed for 1 month. No recurrence of HFS was found during the follow-up of 1.0~3.0 years (with a mean of 2.5 years). Conclusion MVD is an effective treatment for HFS. Exposing root exit Zone (REZ) during operation, accurately identifying the offending vessels, fully decompressing of REZ, as well as the size of graft and location of graft placed, are the important factors influencing surgical efficacy.


This thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of phosphonium aryloxides, amides and phosphides. These compounds have been formed via the deprotonation of organic acids [of the type ROH, and R(_2)X, where X = NH, PH, R = aryl group] by basic phosphonium ylidic species [R(_3)PX, X = CH(_2,) C(Me)H, C(Ph)H, NH] in mixtures of hydrocarbon (toluene) and/or polar (acetonitrile, thf) solvents. All of these compounds contain both acidic CHs and 'naked' anions which promote extensive hydrogen bonding. Chapter 1 provides an outline of the fields of ylidic chemistry and hydrogen bonding. In Chapter 2, general experimental methods are described. Chapter 3 records all experimental results pertaining to this work. Here preparation of starting materials is documented, followed by an account of the synthesis and characterisation of twenty-three compounds. For all compounds melting point measurements, (^1)H NMR, (^31)P NMR, infrared spectra, and elemental analysis are recorded. Discussion of these results is documented in Chapters 4 to 7. Where possible, solid-state structures for compounds obtained by single crystal X-ray diffraction (nineteen structures) and single crystal neutron diffraction (two structures) are included. Chapter 4 discusses simple phosphonium aryloxide salts, while Chapter 5 is concerned with related phosphonium amides and phosphides. Chapter 6 deals with an extension of this work involving multifiinctional organic acids. Finally, Chapter 7 discusses unexpected results resulting from the work described in Chapter 6.


Developing safe and efficient delivery vehicles for chemotherapeutic drugs has been a long-standing demanding. Amino acid-based polymers are promising candidates to address this challenge due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradation. Herein, a series of well-defined amphiphilic block copolymers were prepared by PET-RAFT polymerization of N-acryloyl amino acid monomers. By altering monomer types and the block ratio of the copolymers, the copolymers self-assembled into nanostructures with various morphologies, including spheres, rod-like, fibers, and lamellae via hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Significantly, the nanoparticles (NPs) assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers poly(N-acryloyl-valine)-b-poly(N-acryloyl-aspartic acid) (PV-b-PD) displayed an appealing cargo loading efficiency (21.8-32.6%) for a broad range of drugs (paclitaxel, doxorubicin (DOX), cisplatin, etc.) due to strong interactions. The DOX-loaded PV-b-PD NPs exhibited rapid cellular uptake (within 1 min) and a great therapeutic performance. These drug delivery systems provide new insights for regulating the controlled morphologies and improving the efficiency of drug delivery.


The uncertainty of the output of renewable energy units will affect the safe operation of the power system. At present, many unit commitment models based on DC power flow consider the uncertainty. These studies only consider the active power flow, which can improve the efficiency of the solution, but it is difficult to apply to the research fields related to voltage and reactive power. Therefore, the unit commitment considering uncertainty based on AC power flow constraints is worthy of further study. This paper introduces the AC power flow constraint into the robust security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) model, uses the second-order cone relaxation technology to deal with the nonlinear constraint. The uncertainty set of polyhedrons is used to describe the uncertainty of wind power, and a robust SCUC model based on second-order cone programming is established. The proposed model is solved by Column and constraint generation algorithm, and the reliability of the proposed model is proved by case study.


This work aims to define the structure of a distributed discrete-event simutation runtime support. To simplify the construction of simulation models, we choosed to use object-oriented languages, thus allowing hierarchical construction of the models, and code reuse. Instead of creating a model description language specific to this simulation support, we used well-known object-oriented simulation libraries, giving us a more generic and portable environment. The problems arising from the use of object-oriented programming model over an heterogeneous distributed computing environment are solved using an open platform for object communication, following the CORBA standards.


Through pollen\|tube path, the irradiated donor DNA (Zhong No.5, agrotriticum) were introduced into the recipient (Xinkehan No.9), and 54 plant lines were selected from the combination Zhong No.5→Xinkehan No.9. There are three variation types of wheat gliadin and glutenin:1.appearance of new gel bands or disappearance of recipient′s gel bands; 2.appearance of donor′s gel bands; 3.the changes of band intensity. According to the agronomic character and storage protein variation, 20 lines were selected from 54 plant lines. BYDV\|resistance of the 20 lines were tested, and 8 lines of them showed middle resistance, line 97k1099 showed high resistance, indicating donor′s BYDV\|resistance gene were transformed successfully.


Objective To investigate the influences of lymphostatic encephalopathy(LE) on the autonomic nervous system.Methods The model of LE was established by occluding lymphatic vessels and removing both shallow and deep cervical lymph nodes in Wistar rats.The rats were randomly divided into the sham-operation(SHAM) group and the LE group,40 rats in each group.The electrocardiogram(ECG)(lead II) of rats was synchronously recorded by the PowerLab system on postoperative days 1,7,14 and 21.Heart rate variability(HRV) was analyzed with ECG signals.Brain morphology of the rostral ventrolateral medullas(RVLM) was observed by a light microscope and an electron microscope.eNOS protein expression in RVLM was determined by Western blot.Results Compared with the SHAM group,HRV was significantly increased,while HR was reduced(P0.05).The vagus nerve modulation was enhanced,necrosis of neurons appeared in RVLM,permeability of capillaries was increased,and brain tissue edema occurred.Ultrastructural observation showed neuronal apoptosis and myelin sheath disintegration.Protein expression of eNOS was significantly decreased.Conclusion LE induces injury to the cerebral tissue and autonomic nervous regulation,and the mechanism may be related to down-regulation of eNOS expression.


The invention relates to a process for the production of aerosol particles, comprising the steps of: - preparing a starting solution by a) gasifying an aqueous solution containing a carbonate salt which is dissolved at least up to its solubility in water, with CO b) separating the resulting bicarbonate solution (= stock solution) from the solid carbonate salt; - spraying the starting solution; - drying the thus obtained mixture of aerosol particles, gas and water; - annealing of the aerosol particles at temperatures ≥ 150 ° C to convert the bicarbonate-containing aerosol particles in carbonate-containing aerosol particles. The invention further relates obtainable by this process aerosol particles and their use.


• The paper considers a multivariate distribution whose coordinates are compounds. The number of the summands is itself also a multivariate compound with one and the same univariate Power series distributed number of summands and negative multinomially distributed summands. In the total claims amount process the summands are independent identically distributed random vectors. We provide the first full characterization of this distribution. We show that considered as a mixture this distribution would be Mixed Negative multinomial distribution having the possibly scale changed power series distributed THE first parameter. We provide an interesting application to risk theory. Key-Words: • power series distributions; Multivariate Compound distribution; Negative multinomial distribution; risk process. AMS Subject Classification: • 60E05, 62P05. 48 P. Jordanova, M. Petkova and M. Stehĺık


Egg production was compared among three field-collected bed bug strains over the course of 13 feeding/oviposition cycles, each of which lasted ∼10 days. No significant differences were found among bed bug strains in the mean number of eggs/female/day (∼1.0 egg). However, significant differences were found among strains in their patterns of egg production throughout the study period. Specifically, differences were observed in the timing of peak egg production and the rapidity of egg production decline among the three strains. Egg production was also quantified for female bed bugs that were subjected to single or multiple traumatic insemination events over a period of six feeding/oviposition cycles. Significant differences were found in egg production between females exposed to single and multiple inseminations. Females mated only once produced 83.8 ± 4.5 (mean ± SE) eggs over six feeding cycles. Females exposed to multiple inseminations produced 61.0 ± 3.1 eggs, indicating that multiple traumatic inseminations may reduce female fecundity by as much as 27%. This study is the first to suggest that, in a new infestation (first ∼6 weeks), a solitary, singly-mated female with access to regular blood meals is capable of producing greater numbers of offspring than the same female in the presence of a male.


In this paper, we describe a tool that allows people to browse several characteristics of federal statistical data contained in two hundred web sites before committing to any specific site. The design process used and results from usability testing for the Relation Browser tool are presented and recommendations for comparable applications are made.


for an Invited Paper for the MAR07 Meeting of The American Physical Society Directing the assembly of nanostructured films with living cells C. JEFFREY BRINKER, Fellow, Sandia National Laboratories; Regents Professor of Chemical Engineering, the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. This talk describes our recent discovery of the ability of living cells to organize extended nanostructures and nano-objects in a manner that creates a unique, highly biocompatible nano//bio interface (Science 313, 337-340, 2006). We find that, using short chain phospholipids to direct the formation of thin film silica mesophases during evaporation-induced self-assembly, the introduction of cells (so far yeast and bacteria) alters profoundly the inorganic self-assembly pathway. Cells actively organize around themselves an ordered, multilayered lipid-membrane that interfaces coherently with a lipid-templated silica mesophase. This bio/nano interface is unique in that it withstands drying (even evacuation) without cracking or the development of tensile stresses – yet it maintains accessibility to molecules, proteins/antibodies, plasmids, etc introduced into the 3D silica host. Additionally cell viability is preserved for weeks to months in the absence of buffer, making these constructs useful as standalone cell-based sensors. The bio/nano interfaces we describe do not form 'passively' – rather they are a consequence of the cell's ability to sense and actively respond to external stimuli. During EISA, solvent evaporation concentrates the extracellular environment in osmolytes. In response to this hyperosmotic stress, the cells release water, creating a gradient in pH, which is maintained within the adjoining nanostructured host and serves to localize lipids, proteins, plasmids, lipidized nanocrystals, and a variety of other components at the cellular surface. This active organization of the bio/nano interface can be accomplished during ink-jet printing or selective wetting – processes allowing patterning of cellular arrays and even spatially-defined genetic modification.


We discuss the physical conditions in the core of the Sun and Main Sequence stars and show that the basic requirement for the validity of the Debye mean field theory is not satisfied. We apply Molecular Dynamics to a gedanken numerical experiment and investigate the implications to the screening problem. We show how the thermodynamic limit is approached and under what conditions. Examples of actual screening enhancement calculated under these conditions are brought.


: A 40-year-old woman visited our hospital with a taste disorder. Based on low serum zinc, we diagnosed zinc deficiency taste disorder. Dosing of zinc acetate, which has a high zinc content, was initiated and the subjective symptoms improved immediately. However, the patient complained of digestive symptoms as adverse effects, so zinc replacement therapy was continued by changing to polaprezinc. Following the switch to continuous use of two types of zinc preparations as zinc replacement therapy, the taste disorder and hypozincemia were improved.


Cell imbalance in large battery packs degrades their capacity delivery, especially for cells connected in series where the weakest cell dominates their overall capacity. In this article, we present a case study of exploiting system reconfigurations to mitigate the cell imbalance in battery packs. Specifically, instead of using all the cells in a battery pack to support the load, selectively skipping cells to be discharged may actually enhance the pack's capacity delivery. Based on this observation, we propose CSR, a Cell Skipping-assisted Reconfiguration algorithm that identifies the system configuration with (near)-optimal capacity delivery. We evaluate CSR using large-scale emulation based on empirically collected discharge traces of 40 lithium-ion cells. CSR achieves close-to-optimal capacity delivery when the cell imbalance in the battery pack is low and improves the capacity delivery by about 20% and up to 1x in the case of a high imbalance.


1. salt selected from the group consisting of levofloxacin xinafoate levofloxacin oleate, levofloxacin palmitate, pamoate levofloxacin, levofloxacin estolate. ! 2. Dry powder comprising particles having an average particle size with a volume average diameter of from about 2 microns to about 5 microns and a geometric standard deviation of particle size less than or equal to about 2 microns, wherein the particles comprise a salt of claim 1. ! 3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a suspension of particles comprising a salt according to claim 1. ! 4. A method for treating a pulmonary infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis or sinusitis, comprising administering the aerosol fluoroquinolone in combination with xinafoate, oleate, pamoate estolate or patient in need thereof. ! 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the fluoroquinolone is levofloxacin or ofloxacin. ! 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the fluoroquinolone is selected from the group consisting of ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin, Marbofloxacin, Orbifloxacin, sparfloxacin, tosufloxacin, trovafloxacin, pefloxacin, lomefloxacin, klinafloksatsina, prulifloksatsina, sarafloksatsina, and sitafloxacin pazufloksatsina . ! 7. A method for treating or preventing a microbial infection in a patient comprising local administration of levofloxacin or ofloxacin patient to achieve an initial concentration of the source of infection of approximately 32 mg / ml levofloxacin or ofloxacin. ! 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the initial concentration is reached at least 128 mg / ml levofloxacin or ofloxacin. ! 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the initial concentration is achieved by m


Sales management system is based on PB the market information,the user can directly to the new unit,edit,modify,sorting,printing as well as for the customer,employee information management,especially for customers,employees and the development of information query,user-friendly.Not only save time,but also easy to manage,easy to operate.


This paper introduces the process of producing HBR400 by V-N alloy to replace V-Fe.Practice and research showed that a lower content brought by V-N alloy can gain the same mechanical properties as compared with the process o fusing V-Fe alloy.Therefore,this process can reduce the production cost.In addition,the relationship between the mechanical properties of HBR400 and its chemical compositions were observed.


Title Studies on effective induction of cancer antigen-specific T cells and its application for cancer immunotherapy [an abstract of entire text] Author(s) 大竹, 淳矢 Issue Date 2015-03-25 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/59013 Type theses (doctoral abstract of entire text) Note この博士論文全文の閲覧方法については、以下のサイトをご参照ください。 配架番号:2135 Note(URL) https://www.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dissertations/copy-guides/ File Information Junya_Ohtake_summary.pdf


Chronic wounds in skin persist because the normal process of wound healing is obstructed. Failures occur in the inflammation and proliferation phases of wound healing that reduce formation of granulation tissue and prevent epithelial migration to close the wound, resulting mostly from vascular insufficiencies of multiple etiologies. Microbial contamination of chronic wounds also contributes importantly to the persistence of venous stasis, diabetic, and decubitus ulcers. Although slow healing can be stimulated by regular debridement and cleaning of chronic wounds, acceleration of epithelial closure has been demonstrated by application of sheets of cultured allogeneic keratinocytes. These studies have been extended by attachment of allogeneic keratinocytes to an implantable collagen-based sponge that is populated with cultured allogeneic fibroblasts. Because chronic wounds have low vascular competence and high probability for microbial contamination, skin substitutes are irrigated topically with a solution of nutrients and antimicrobial agents until epithelial engraftment. Initial case reports show that allogeneic epithelium can cover chronic wounds within seven to ten days, protective epithelium forms within one month, and long-term wound closure is accomplished, most probably by ingrowth of autologous epithelium. With this approach, cultured skin substitutes may be expected to promote healing of chronic wounds that have sufficient vascular competence to remain perfused. Together with surgical and non-surgical approaches to improvement of vascular function, cultured skin substitutes offer an alternative therapy for accelerated closure of chronic wounds. Presented at the 1994 Symposium on Advanced Wound Care, April 28-May 1, Miami Beach, FL. WOUNDS 1995;7(1):24-29


In his final column for Electrical Connection, Bruce Walsh reflects on how the Wiring Rules have changed over the last 10 years.


ofchromosome markers and specific chromosome loss in some cases. The one feature that is, however, characteristic of all these tumours is the lack of stability of the karyotype and in some instances the selection of specific cell types can be demonstrated. It is suggested that this instability is one of the most important features of tumour cells since it is on the variation produced as a result of this instability that selective forces can operate to produce a highly invasive rapidly growing lesion. It is further suggested that such instability may be a feature of cells which, though not malignant themselves, have an unusual liability to become malignant.


Background: Nosocomial postoperative wound infection is health care problem in hospital around the world. In Indonesia especially in 10 teaching hospitals, nosocomial infection is as high as 6-16% with a mean 9.8%. The most common nosocomial infection is surgical site infection (SSI). Previous studies have shown that incidence of post operative SSI in Indonesian's hospital was varied between 2-18 % from overall surgical. Methods: The aim of this research is to know the prevalence of nosocomial postoperative surgical clean wound infections in Surgery Departement of Medan Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. This is a descriptive-retrospective research method with a Cross Sectional Approach and the sample withdrawal is done by using a Total Sampling technique. Population of the study is all the patients of postoperative surgical clean wound from April to September 2010. Results: With the total sample of 534 patients, the result shows that the prevalence of nosocomial infections is 5,6% among the patients of postoperative surgical clean wound. The patients who are above than 65 years old are in greater risk of getting nosocomial infections which is 33,3% and the bacteria which is commonly occurred in this research is Staphylococcus Aureus with 33,3%. Discussion: The prevalence of nosocomial postoperative surgical clean wound infection is 5,6%. So, we can conclude that the staffs at hospital need to be extra concern and pay attention to all postoperative surgical clean wound patients especially to the patients who are above than 65 years old. It is recommended that all hospitals develop an effective program for controlling and preventing postoperative wound infections.


Very detailed high-resolution (3D) digital terrain models can be obtained using airborne laser scanner data. However, laser scanning usually entails huge data sets even for moderate areas, making data management and analysis both complex and time consuming. For this reason, automatic terrain modelling and efficient storage structures supporting data access are needed. In this paper a number of methods supporting automatic construction of 3D digital terrain models, especially ground surface modelling and detection and measurement of individual trees will be discussed. Furthermore automatic and/or interactive terrain feature analysis will be discussed. A special data representation structure for the terrain model allowing efficient data storage and data access will be presented. Beside this, it is possible to create a symbolic information structure from the terrain model that can be used in queries for determination of different terrain features, such as ditches or ridges etc., but also for detection of changes in the terrain.


PURPOSE
The present study aimed to estimate the global prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in the general population and patients with uveitis.

METHODS
Four electronic databases were searched and 130 studies for evaluating the prevalence of OT among the general population and uveitis patients were included.

RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of OT among the general population was estimated at 2% (95% CI, 2-3%; 762/486 051). The highest prevalence rate was observed in America 6% (95% CI, 1-11%). In uveitis patients, a prevalence rate of 9% (95% CI, 8-10%; 5668/88 006) was reported. The countries with a lower middle income had higher prevalence rates. The prevalence of OT in posterior uveitis 33% (95%CI, 24-42%) was substantially higher than in panuveitis 7% (95% CI, 5-8%).

CONCLUSION
Our results provide a new perspective on the prevalence of OT. Knowledge of international and regional patterns of disease is essential for the establishment of precise diagnostic protocols and control programs.


Possibility of use of a video camera for construction of the aiming mark monitor for electronic shooting training apparatus is considered. Requirements to hardware support are formulated.


Fuzzy orderings with reference to an underlying context of similarity were first defined by Höhle and Blanchard [9]. Since then, several authors have contributed to the development of this class of fuzzy relations, both from the theoretical and the practical side (e.g. [1–4, 7, 8]). Two problems remained open throughout several years: how to define strict fuzzy orderings and how to define lexicographic compositions of fuzzy orderings. It is clear, of course, that these two open problems are strongly related, since lexicographic composition is only possible if a meaningful way to extract the strict part of a fuzzy ordering is available. This contribution aims at presenting an overview of recent advances in this direction. Firstly, we summarize the content of a recent paper devoted to strict fuzzy orderings in the similaritybased framework [5]. We introduce and justify a similarity-based concept of strict fuzzy orderings and provide constructions how fuzzy orderings can be transformed into strict fuzzy orderings and vice versa. We demonstrate that there is a meaningful correspondence between fuzzy orderings and strict fuzzy orderings. Unlike the classical case, however, we do not obtain a general one-to-one correspondence. We observe that the strongest results are achieved if the underlying t-norm induces a strong negation, which, in particular, includes nilpotent t-norms and the nilpotent minimum. Secondly, we highlight the results of recent research on lexicographic composition of similaritybased fuzzy orderings. Starting from the approach to strict fuzzy orderings presented in [5], we provide a construction principle for lexicographic composition of fuzzy orderings. Note, however, that an approach to lexicographic composition is only meaningful if the lexicographic composition of linear orderings is linear again. Therefore, we approach the question if (or under which conditions) this fundamental property holds, assuming that T -linearity [6, 9] is the appropriate concept to express linearity of fuzzy orderings. It turns out that, once again, we only obtain meaningful results if the underlying t-norm induces a strong negation.


The outbreak of the new coronavirus disease changed the world upside down. Every day, millions of people were subjected to diagnostic testing for Covid-19, all over the world. Molecular tests helped in the diagnosis of current infection by detecting the presence of viral genome whereas serological tests helped in detecting the presence of antibody in blood as well as contributed to vaccine development. This testing helped in understanding the immunogenicity, community prevalence, geographical spread, conditions post-infection. However, with the contagious nature of the virus, biological specimen sampling involved the risk of transmission and spread of infection. Clinic or pathology visit was the most concerning part. Trained personnel and resources was another barrier. In this scenario, microsampling played an important role due to its most important advantage of remote, contactless, small volume, self-sampling. Minimum requirements for sample storage and ease of shipment added value in this situation. The highly sensitive instruments and validated assay formats assured the accuracy of results and stability of samples. Microsampling techniques are contributing effectively to the Covid-19 pandemic by reducing the demand for clinical staff in population-level testing. The validated and established applications supported the use of microsampling in diagnosis, therapeutic drug monitoring, development of treatment or vaccines, clinical trials for Covid-19.


We present a compact cold-atom clock configuration where isotropic laser cooling, microwave interrogation, and clock signal detection are successively performed inside a spherical microwave cavity. For ground operation, a typical Ramsey fringe width of 20 Hz has been demonstrated, limited by the atom cloud's free fall in the cavity. The isotropic cooling light's disordered properties provide a large and stable number of cold atoms, leading to a high signal-to-noise ratio limited by atomic shot noise. A relative frequency stability of 2.2x10{sup -13{tau}-1/2} has been achieved, averaged down to 4x10{sup -15} after 5x10{sup 3} s of integration. Development of such a high-performance compact clock is of major relevance for on-board applications, such as satellite-positioning systems. As a cesium clock, it opens the door to a new generation of compact primary standards and timekeeping devices.


A 29‐year‐old renal transplant patient taking mycophenolate mofetil 1 g b.i.d., cyclosporine 100 mg b.i.d. and prednisone 10 mg q.d. presented with white paint, dot‐like incrustations on the skin of his right scrotum. A 10% potassium hydroxide preparation of scrapings from the lesions showed septate hyphae and Microsporum gypseum was cultured. Topical bifonazole 1% cream cleared the lesions within 2 weeks. At the 2‐month follow up there was no relapse.


of staffing the Hospital. Objection is made to the so-calledopensystemon the groundsthat, by allowing any medical practitioner to send his patients in to the Hospitalandto treat themthere,this would havethe effect of handingover the professionalwork to persons over whom the public would have no control. It would also result in confusion within the Hospital. The honorary system without a responsiblepaid residentstaff is also refused. It is claimed that the attendanceof honorary medical officers would be irregular, owing to the exigencies of their private practices, which would take first place in their daily work. It is a little difficult to know what the Board means by "responsiblepaid residentstaff." Since the Board favours a permanent paid staff with the addition of honorary assistants, it would seem that the responsibility demanded is both administrative and professional. The main disadvantageto the employment of a medical superintendent who takes professionalprecedenceover the visiting medical offlcers, i!' that one or two men acquire nearly all the experience and the assistantsremain in a rut. It is in the interest of the community that as many practitionersas is practicableshouldgain valuableexperienceat the hospitals. The Board advisesthat four <;>1' five practitionersshould be elected to positions as honorary assistantmedical officers in addition to specialistsand that the honorary officers should be appointed for a term of three years. After a term of office, these practitioners should be ineligible for re-appointmentfor a further period of three years. The Board further recommendsthat there should be a Statepathologistand bacteriologist, whose serviceswould be available to all hospitals and medical practitionersin the State. It is also held that the appointmentof an expert radiologist would be a distinct gain. Theserecommendationscarry with them one advantage of considerablemoment. They open the door of the hospital at Hobart to the medical profession and show the way for an adjustment· of some of the disagreementsof the past. The members of the TasmanianBranch of the British Medical Association are wise in ignoring the ethical aspectof this dispute. As membersof a greatprofession they are concerned with the welfare of' patientsand are anxious to give their services to those who are unable to secure them outside for payment. It is, however, difficult to accepta solution of the problem, if this involves the relinquishing of a logical principle. As honorary medical officers, even if their positions are subordinatedto those who hold the salaried offices, they cannot agree to give gratuitous service to the well-to-do. The Board suggeststhat some modifications of the rules may be necessaryto facilitate the admission of generalpractitionersas honorarymedicalofficers to the staff. It is to be hoped that someacceptable formula will be found in this way to overcomethe difficulties. The medical professionmust not be expectedto make all the concessions. • <ll:urrent €omment.


Based on the importance of digital image enhancement to image processing,the computation software MATLAB is used in digital image enhancement.This article gives a demonstration of using MATLAB to complete contrast enhancement,histogram equalization,smooth filtering,sharpening,and also gives the contrast pictures before and after the processing.At the same time this process shows that it is simple and efficient to use MATLAB in image processing experimentation.


The goal of this paper is threefold. The first goal is to provide an illustrative example of design science research. Readers will benefit from seeing how design science research guidelines, as proposed by Hevner et al. (2004), can be rigorously followed in a practically relevant study. The second goal is to describe the novel artifact constructed during the research project: a knowledge management system design model. The third goal is to provide a methodological contribution to the design science community. The paper calls for adding an exploratory step in the build phase when designing a new artifact.


Russell's Theory of Description is recognized as "the model of philosophy in 20th century",which has a profound impact upon logic,linguistics and philosophy.The writer introduces the background of this theory that is to solve the three famous difficult questions and talks about the meaning,the relation and differences between Description and Proper Name.Finally,this paper makes a brief evaluation on the Theory of Description from both linguistics and philosophy two aspects.


Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important cereal crop in Sri Lanka since it is the staple food. Paddy is stored for a considerable period of time before consumption. Amylose and amylopectin contents of rice are very important parameters in determining eating quality of rice. Freshly harvested paddies of three rice varieties BG 300, BG 352 and AT 362 were obtained. Cleaned and dried paddy samples were stored at ambient temperature conditions. Amylose content of each rice variety was determined in every two weeks period during four months storage using simplified assay technique. During 13 weeks storage there is no significant variation in amylose content. But slight decreasing trend was observed in each variety. 40 weeks old paddy samples of same rice varieties obtained from same fields showed a significant reduction in amylose content during storage (p<0.05).


Empirical studies that show an elastic labor demand from supply shocks such as immigration and an inelastic labor demand from wage shocks such as changes in the minimum wage contradict the typical model's prediction of an equal elasticity. This paper explains this apparent contradiction by generalizing the typical model of complementarity between skill groups and endogenizes that complementarity. Agents choose among complementary occupations on a hierarchy of heterogeneous learning costs. The new choices of low skilled workers to higher cost/wage occupations offset the effects of low skilled supply and wage shocks, making the effects more and less elastic respectively. JEL codes: J23, J24, J31, J38, J61, J62


Introduction1. Southwest Syria in the 18th Century: Sea Lanes, Highways, and Demography2. The Politics of Acre3. Trade: Local Rulers and the World Economy4. Government, Military, and Administration5. The Society and its Structure in AcreConcluding ObservationsA. The population of Acre, 1700--1880B. Trade: Tables and FiguresC. Administrative Positions and Their OccupantsD. Maps


The use of platelet function testing has been advocated to individualize the time needed between discontinuation of P2Y12 inhibitors and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, the use of specific point‐of‐care assays to predict bleeding risk in patients on P2Y12 inhibitors prior to CABG has not been fully validated.


The repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has clinically wide application prospect of psychiatry and neuroscience, for its painless, noninvasive, and high efficiency. So far, rTMS has been used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the underlying mechanism is not clear.