A method for driving a motor vehicle drive train (12), a first drive unit (14) with a combustion engine (18) and a step gearbox (20) for driving at least one axle (27) of the motor vehicle (10) and a second drive unit (16) having an electrical equipment assembly (34), wherein the electrical equipment assembly (34) is adapted to at least one axis (43) of the motor vehicle to be driven (10), said stepped transmission (20) having a plurality of gear stages (1, 2, 3, ...), wherein the drive train (12) is adapted to receive at least a purely electric motor to drive the motor vehicle (10), and wherein the gear stages (1, 2, 3, ...) of the stepped gearbox (20) are manually selectable, wherein the driver of the motor vehicle (10) is excited with a purely electric motor drive to a speed (V) of the vehicle (10) adapted gear stage (1, 2, 3, ...) select manually to the case of purely electric motor drive ensure that, in the stepped gearbox (20) a suitable gear ratio is engaged always, which allows the first drive unit (14) for setting a mixed operation or a pure internal combustion engine operation at any time, even while the vehicle with virtually any desired speed moved to switch on, wherein the driver of the motor vehicle is encouraged, the gear stages (1, 2, 3, ...) to track manually, although the motor vehicle (10) moves purely electric motor.


Purpose:
We present a formalism for calculating the absorbed dose to water from a miniature x-ray source (The INTRABEAM system, Carl Zeiss), using a parallel-plate ionization chamber calibrated in terms of air-kerma. Monte Carlo calculations were performed to derive a chamber conversion factor (CQ) from reference air-kerma to dose to water for the INTRABEAM. CQ was investigated as a function of depth in water, and compared with the manufacturer's reported value. The effect of chamber air cavity dimension tolerance was also investigated.

Methods:
Air-kerma (Ak) from a reference beam was calculated using the EGSnrc user code cavity. Using egs_chamber, a model of a PTW 34013 parallel-plate ionization chamber was created according to manufacturer specifications. The dose to the chamber air cavity (Dgas) was simulated both in-air (with reference beam) and in-water (with INTRABEAM source). Dose to a small water voxel (Dw) was also calculated. CQ was derived from these quantities.

Results:
CQ was found to vary by up to 15% (1.30 vs 1.11) between chamber dimension extremes. The agreement between chamber CQ was found to improve with increasing depth in water. However, in all cases investigated, CQ was larger than the manufacturer reported value of 1.054.

Conclusions:
Our results show that cavity dimension tolerance has a significant effect on CQ, with differences as large as 15%. In all cases considered, CQ was found to be larger than the reported value of 1.054. This suggests that the recommended calculation underestimates the dose to water.


Emergency alert system (EMS) people sending text messages android app services for Short Message Service (SMS) is a text based messaging service. Bulk messages cannot be sent during emergencies due to network traffic. Thus a wide range of organizations including colleges and universities now partner with third-party providers that promise to improve physical security by rapidly delivering such messages. Android app design for all services provides only emergency number button click for 1.police 2.hospital 3.fire 4.medeia 5.Military…and etc. 1. Police click button conformation yes/no type yes means send to message GPS location tracing information for system. The stored for client side the police station system and used to user send the message Police response to the notification for 10 minute delivery to user send message. Nearest police coming any accident solving problem. Emergency Alert System (EAS) using text messages as a security incident response mechanism. These techniques are useful in finding the minimum time for the delivery of all messages. We show emergency alert systems built on text messaging not only can meet the 10 minute delivery requirement mandated. The identification all area hospital list and used ambulance service to check the services.


The national population census plays a crucial role in providing a comprehensive understanding of a country's development and aids in policymaking and planning. However, any shortcomings in the census system can have adverse effects on the country. Our previous research has highlighted several flaws in the current census systems, such as inadequate population coverage, racial and ethnic biases, data privacy and security issues, and problems with data distribution. These issues can be mitigated through the implementation of Blockchain technology. By using a Blockchain-based system for conducting the national population census, transparency, privacy, and authenticity can be ensured while maintaining data integrity, security, efficiency, and trustworthiness. This paper builds upon our ongoing research that identifies the primary challenges the current centralized census systems face through a systematic literature review and structured interviews conducted with Pakistan's national census bureau. In this paper, we present a Blockchain-based system architecture that addresses the identified challenges and meets the requirements of Pakistan's national census bureau.


Rapidly developing economies of countries in hot climates face the risk of a significant increase in CO 2 emissions. This study developed strategies for low energy cooling and ventilation for Indian residences (LECaVIR). Ventilation and cooling techniques were developed and tested for India's four climatic zones. The analysis shows that natural ventilation is possible in typical residential buildings for about 20–40% of the year. Using an enhanced natural ventilation mode with appropriately sized openable windows and controls, the total number of hours for which natural ventilation is able to offer satisfactory conditions for occupants can be extended by a further 13 percentage points, leading to a potential reduction of 46% in the mechanical cooling hours for residences. Dynamic thermal simulation models, coupled with control software, were used to test the most promising natural ventilation strategies as part of a mixed-mode approach to ensure year-round comfort at minimal energy cost. The simulation shows that energy savings of up to 55% are possible.


The Serra Negra Region represents a peculiar structural domain, where the effects of the Transamazonian tectonics (2.0±0.2 Ga), erased elsewhere in the Espinhaco Range by the Brasiliano deformation (650-550 Ma), can be recognized. The most prominent structures are E-W trending thrust faults, a low-angle parallel foliation and a N-S stretching and mineral lineation. Kinematic criteria, based on microstructures and orientation of quartz (c) axes in quartzites and gneiss, indicate consistently a southward tectonic transport. In the domains to the south of Serra Negra, the foliation is in some places steeply dipping and shows a submeridian trend. All these structures are reworded by the Brasiliano Event, a tangential westward tectonic event responsible for a set of N-S trending regional faults and low-grade metamorphism


Robert Lansing and the Alaskan Boundary Settlement; F.M. Carroll Anglo-American Rivalry and the Establishment of a Medical Research Institute in Egypt, 1942–1948; Nancy E. Gallagher


Non-volatile memory transistors (51) have a semiconductor substrate (11) with spaced apart source (37) and drain (39) regions defining a channel, a layer of tunnel oxide 13) over the channel and a conductive layer of carbon nanotubes (31) over the tunnel oxide. In patterning, mesas (35) are formed retaining desired locations of nanotubes as floating gates. The mesas are used for self-aligned implantation of source and drain electrodes. The nanotubes, being deposited as a porous randomly arranged matted layer, allow for etch removal of the support layer so that the nanotubes rest directly on tunnel oxide. The nanotubes are protected with insulative material (55) and a conductive control gate (57) is placed over the nanotube floating gate layer.


Seven antigenically different botulinum neurotoxin types (BoNT/A through /G) and many subtypes (BoNT/A1, BoNT/A2, etc.) constitute a growing family of bacterial exotoxins that specifically paralyze the cholinergic peripheral nerve terminals of vertebrates. Most notably, BoNTs intoxicate the neuromuscular junction, thereby causing a severe neuro-muscular paralysis known as botulism.
Despite the heterogeneity of their primary sequence, BoNTs are structurally and functionally conserved and composed of a 50 kDa light chain (L) and a 100 kDa heavy chain (H), linked via a unique, and fundamental, disulphide bridge. The C-terminal (HC, 50 kDa) and the N-terminal halves (HN, 50 kDa) of H constitute a sophisticated nanomolecular machine that mediates both the neurospecific binding of the molecule to peripheral nerve endings and the delivery of L into the neuronal cytosol. L is a zinc-dependent protease that specifically cleaves SNARE proteins (SNAP-25 (synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa), VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein) and Stx (syntaxin)), the three proteins that form the SNARE complex which is the core of the nanomachine that mediates the fusion of synaptic vesicles (SV) with the presynaptic membrane, thus allowing neurotransmitter release. Cleavage causes impairment of SNARE complex assembly/function and thus a blockade of neuroexocytosis, which results in the flaccid paralysis typical of botulism. Patients can die for respiratory failure but, if vital functions are maintained by intensive care, they fully recover as the botulism neuroparalysis is completely reversible.
The mechanism of action of BoNTs can be conveniently divided into five fundamental steps: 1) binding to nerve terminals, 2) internalization by SV recycling, 3) pH-dependent translocation of L into the cytoplasm, 4) reduction of the interchain disulphide bond and 5) hydrolysis of SNARE proteins. BoNT/A and /E cleave SNAP-25, BoNT/B, /D, /F and /G cleave VAMP. BoNT/C is unique because it cleaves two substrates, SNAP-25 and syntaxins.
BoNTs are the most poisonous substances known to vertebrates, and are classified as potential biological weapons. Currently, the only treatment available consists in passive immunisation with antisera raised against the seven main toxin types. Unfortunately, antisera are variably reactive against subtypes and, moreover, no licensed vaccine are available for human use. This situation has promoted an intense research to develop new antitoxins.
At the same time, neurospecificity and reversibility of action make BoNTs the therapeutic of choice for the treatment of a heterogeneous number of human diseases characterized by the hyperactivity of peripheral nerve terminals.
Given this dichotomy of BoNTs, the aim of my PhD has been double: i) to develop pan-inhibitors that would prevent/treat botulism and ii) to better understand the toxin functioning in vivo to improve its use in human therapy.
i) BoNT's intoxication strictly depends on the reduction of the interchain disulphide bond. Without it, L remains attached to H and cannot exert its catalytic activity. By using a pharmacological approach, I found that the Thioredoxin-Thioredoxin Reductase (Trx-TrxR) system is responsible for the reduction of all BoNT serotypes and that inhibitors of Trx-TrxR strongly reduce their neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo in a model that recapitulates clinical botulism. These results are remarkable because they show for the first time that the different BoNTs can be inhibited by a single drug (a pan-inhibitor) by impacting on their common mechanism of action.
Following the same concept, the trafficking of BoNTs within the synaptic terminal represents another rational target to develop pan-inhibitors. Recently, it was reported that the chemical compound EGA inhibits pathogens or toxins that enter cells via acidic endosomes. Since also BoNTs have a similar requirement to trigger the translocation of L into the cytosol, I tested the activity of EGA and I found that it significantly inhibits the neurotoxic activity of BoNT/A, BoNT/B and BoNT/D in vitro and in vivo, tested because are serotypes frequently involved in human and animal botulism, respectively. Interestingly, none of the main steps underlying toxin's cellular mechanism is directly affected by the drug. Rather, I provided indirect evidence that EGA interferes with the sorting of BoNTs inside nerve terminals, hampering their trafficking toward acidic compartments essential for L translocation.
Together, these studies show that BoNT's activity can be significantly mitigated independently from their intertypic differences by using drugs targeting common steps of their mechanism of action. These inhibitors represent lead compounds for the development of new drugs against botulism.
ii) BoNTs are successful human therapeutic agents. Despite their use is almost invariably restricted to BoNT/A and BoNT/B, recent data on human volunteers suggest that BoNT/C can be used to treat non-responder individuals with similarly effective pharmacological outcomes. However, little is known about the mechanism by which BoNT/C paralyzes peripheral nerve terminals in vivo. In fact, at variance from all the other BoNTs, BoNT/C cleaves two substrates, SNAP-25 and syntaxin-1A/1B. Therefore, I undertook a study to evaluate the individual contribution of SNAP-25 and syntaxin cleavage to BoNT/C activity in vivo. I took advantage from a recent publication where two triple-mutated BoNT/C L, L200W/M221W/I226W (BoNT/C α-3W) and S51T/R52N/N53P (BoNT/C α-51), were reported to cleave selectively syntaxins.
Thanks to a collaboration with Dr. T. Binz, I received the full-length BoNT/C mutants produced by recombinant methods and I tested their biochemical and toxicological properties. I found that both mutants cleave syntaxin with similar efficiency with respect to wild type BoNT/C (BoNT/C-wt), but unexpectedly, they maintain a residual activity on SNAP-25 which is higher for BoNT/C α-3W than for BoNT/C α-51. Interestingly, this different activity on SNAP-25 strictly correlates with the lethality of mutant toxins in vivo. At the same time, the proteolysis of syntaxin provides a substantial and prolonged neuromuscular impairment without the complete blockage of neurotransmission. These results suggest that SNAP-25 cleavage is the main determinant of BoNT/C neuroparalyzing activity and that BoNT/C derivatives with selective activity for syntaxins represent an appealing strategy to develop BoNTs endowed with long lasting activity and a wide safety margin.


In offshore deepwater drilling, because of the low temperature aroud seafloor, the conventional synthetic-based drilling fluid becomes very thick, resulting in severe loss of drilling fluid during drilling through the deepwater formations with a narrow safe-density window. Therefore, it is important to improve the rheological properties of drilling fluid at deepwater drilling conditions. In this work, by investigating the effects of the key components including the base oil, emulsifier, wetting agent and rheology modifier on the rheological properties of synthetic-based drilling fluid at 4°C to 65°C, the optimal additives were selected, and a synthetic-based drilling fluid with flat-rheology characteristics was developed. It was found that the gas-to-liquid oil had low viscosity at a low temperature, and was suitable for preparing deepwater drilling fluids. The evaluation experiments show that at 4°C to 65°C, the drilling fluid could maintain stable yield point, 10-min Gel and 6 r/min reading value at a density of 0.9-1.5 g/cm3 even after high temperature aging, while the rheological properties of the conventional synthetic-based drilling fluid were significantly influence by the low temperature. Moreover, it showed excellent performance in filtration reduction and shale inhibition, and could maintain good properties even being contaminated by seawater. Therefore, its stable rheological properties at the deepwater drilling temperature range can effectively control the equivalent circulating density, thus reducing the risk of drilling fluid loss during deepwater drilling.


This morning, I was working with Julie, a student of mine, coming from Rennes, on mortality tables. Actually, we work on genealogical datasets from a small region in Quebec, and we can observe a lot of volatiliy. If I borrow one of her graph, we get something like Since we have some missing data, we wanted to use some Generalized Nonlinear Models. So let us see how to get a smooth estimator of the mortality surface.  We will write some code that we can use on our data later on (the dataset w...


Carrot root tissue discs rotted rapidly in anaerobic conditions after inoculation with soil from 40 different carrot fields and from ten fields of a mixed arable farm. Significant differences occurred in rotting potential between the soils and pectolytic Clostridium spp. were isolated from the rotted discs. Direct counts of pectolytic clostridia on selective pectate plates detected populations of 44–23.5 × 103 viable propagules/g dry soil in field soils. Significant increases in viable propagules were found in the rhizosphere soils of most carrot crops and in a range of other arable crops examined. The ratios of populations in the rhizospheres and surrounding soils varied between 1.8 and 8.2. Irrigating to excess and inter-row cultivation of carrot crops did not consistently affect populations in soil or on roots.


Migrating data into memory can significantly accelerate big-data applications by hiding low disk throughput. While prior work has mostly targeted caching frequently used data, the techniques employed do not benefit jobs that read cold data. For these jobs, the file system has to pro-actively migrate the inputs into memory. Successfully migrating cold inputs can result in a large speedup for many jobs, especially those that spend a significant part of their execution reading inputs. In this paper, we use data from the Google cluster trace to make the case that the conditions in production workloads are favorable for migration. We then design and implement DYRS, a framework for migrating cold data in big-data file systems. DYRS can adapt to match the available bandwidth on storage nodes, ensuring all nodes are fully utilized throughout the migration. In addition to balancing the load, DYRS optimizes the placement of each migration to maximize the number of successful migrations and eliminate stragglers at the end of a job. We evaluate DYRS using several Hive queries, a trace-based workload from Facebook, and the Sort application. Our results show that DYRS successfully adapts to bandwidth heterogeneity and effectively migrates data. DYRS accelerates Hive queries by up to 48%, and by 36% on average. Jobs in a trace-based workload experience a speedup of 33% on average. The mapper tasks in this workload have an even greater speedup of 46%. DYRS accelerates sort jobs by up to 20%.


Qualitative research, which is primarily inductive and descriptive, provides rich contextual data to further our understanding of social phenomena. Its value is firmly established in behavioural sciences and not merely as a complement to quantitative research [1]. Indeed, some have suggested that qualitative research is pivotal to our understanding of the sociobehavioural aspects of HIV disease [2]. In describing its role to date, this article will provide illustrations of the variety of methods used by qualitative researchers to gather data, but for the sake of clarity these will be described at the outset.


Abstract : The study was designed to create a flight condition that would be sufficiently stressful, and at the same time, require the pilot to direct his attention out of the cockpit for relatively long periods, so that an adequate comparison could be made between voice and tone warning.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of intraarticular (IA) corticosteroid use on bone metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

METHODS
Levels of the bone turnover markers, serum osteocalcin (BGP) and urinary pyridinoline (PYD), were monitored in RA patients for 4 weeks following a single IA administration of xylocaine alone or in combination with triamcinolone acetonide.

RESULTS
Levels of the bone resorption marker, PYD, did not show any significant change, whereas BGP levels were drastically decreased 1 day after IA administration of corticosteroid, and then returned to pretreatment levels by day 14. The efficacy of IA corticosteroid treatment lasted for 4 weeks.

CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that IA administration of corticosteroid has no net effects on bone resorption and only a transient systemic effect on bone formation. IA corticosteroid administration may be better for bone metabolism than continuous use of orally administered corticosteroid.


Unlike prudential regulations that are put in place prospectively to develop banks, procedures for dealing with banks in distress are generally determined on ad hoc basis. Often the lack of clarity in the policy framework creates incentives for bank managers, shareholders, depositors, and regulators that undercut prompt resolution of financial distress. The result is often inaction, the accumulation of bad debts, and ultimately the assumption of losses by the state. This article argues that government intervention to relieve financial distress should be institutionalized in a set of regulations that forces the authorities to comply with reporting and decision-making processes. Only in this way can inherent disincentives for dealing with distress be curtailed. Copyright 1995 by Oxford University Press.


The article deals with the issue of the relationship between investment in education and the productivity of labour. It is shown that modern economy needs specialists with general and specific knowledge.


: Dzierżek, J., Lindner, L., Chlebowski, R., Szymanek, M., Bogucki, A. and Tomeniuk, O. 2022. Depositional conditions of the Upper Younger Loess during the Last Glacial Maximum in central and eastern Europe. Acta Geologica Polonica , 72 (4), 369–389. Warszawa. This paper is a summary of the results of research on the accumulation conditions of the Upper Younger Loess (LMg) in Poland and Bug loess (bg) in Ukraine from the maximum stage (MIS 2) of the Vistulian (Weichselian) Glaciation in central and eastern Europe. These studies included an analysis of the morphological (topographic) situation of the loess cover, its grain size and heavy mineral composition, the preserved structures of loess sed - imentation as well as mollusc and pollen analyses of this loess. They revealed that the accumulation of Upper Younger Loess (UYL) might have been more dependent on the prevailing moisture conditions than previously thought. These conditions could have been caused by cold air masses from an ice sheet and warm air masses from the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic coming together in the Carpathians and the Holy Cross Mountains and favouring the formation of dust storms and precipitation. In this process, a loading of loess dust (formed from local rocks weathering in periglacial conditions) by atmospheric moisture particles was especially significant. The moist substrate not only favoured the periodic development of vegetation and molluscs but also enabled the interception of dust and the accumulation of an increasingly thick loess cover. Westerly and south-westerly winds predominated in the UYL as indicated by the topographic position of loess patches and the mineral composition of the studied loess. Periodically an increased air circulation from the east and northeast occurred.


The German Institute of Archaeology, Cairo (DAI) has conducted five more excavation seasons in the Necropolis of Dra' Abu el-Naga/Western Thebes in the years 1998-2002. The seasons of I998-2000 were carried out in cooperation with the University of California, Los Angeles. For technical reasons the preliminary report on the newly discovered mud brick pyramid of king Nub-Kheper-Re Intef was excluded from the current report and will appear as vol. 24 of the Institute's Sonderschriften (SDAIK). A report on the first two seasons' work in the Coptic monastery of Deir el-Bakhit is published separately in this volume of the Mitteilungen (see above, pp. 4I-65). Over the past five seasons archaeological work in Dra' Abu el-Naga concentrated on two major areas: between 1998 and 2000, the excavations of the large tomb-complex K93.II near the top of the hill were continued. In 200I work commenced in a newly defined area in the plain called Area H. In chapter 2 UTE RUMMEL describes the archaeological work in the forecourts of K93.II and discusses some details of the architectural layout of the building during late Ramesside times when the complex was intensively reused by the High Priest of Amun, Ramsesnakht. In addition, she presents a number of selected finds from the complex such as wooden dovetails, fragments of decorated ivory inlays from the New Kingdom, and two large fragments of a woman's granite sarcophagus. She also presents several more fragments of decorated sandstone blocks, which were once part of the Ramesside casing of the inner court of K93.II. One block shows a depiction of Ramesses VI and thus provides an exact date of Ramsesnakht's chapel. RUMMEL also discusses the purpose of Ramsesnakht's building inside the older tomb-complex. Since there is no evidence whatsoever that K93.II served as the tomb for Ramsesnakht, a different interpretation seems to be more likely: Ramsesnakht erected his building as a chapel in connection with the cult for the Theban Triad - including the hmt ntr Ahmes Nefertari as several indications (like the Hathor capitals) imply - and the numerous festival processions which passed Dra' Abu el-Naga on their way to the temple at Deir el-Bahari. ANNETT RICHTER introduces a very peculiar stone vessel of the 'ring-bottle' type which is a special variant of the well-known 'pilgrim flasks'. ANNE SEILER analyses the pottery from tomb-complex K93.II and concentrates on two distinct phases, namely the early I8 t h dynasty pottery and the late Ramesside pottery. The amount and types of early I8 t h dynasty pottery vessels clearly indicate that these were used in connection with the funerary cult for the individual who was originally buried in the tomb-complex. This result supports our tentative assignment of this tomb to the second king of the I8 t h dynasty, Amenhotep I. In chapter 3 ELKE MAHLITZ reports on the documentation and analysis of the material from several 26 t h dynasty burials, which have been excavated over the past few years along the walls of the courts of K93.II. She especially focuses on the architecture of these altogether seven intrusive burial shafts and chambers and the reconstruction of their original contents. The burial chamber of K93.II.4 contained substantial remains of coffin ensembles of a male and a female individual. In K93.II.5 another coffin ensemble was preserved.


The engineering critical current density (JE) and the index of transition, N (where E = αJN), of a Nb3Al multifilamentary strand, mass-produced as a part of the Fusion programme, have been characterized as a function of field (B), temperature (T) and strain (e) in the ranges B ≤ 15 T, 4.2 K ≤ T ≤ 16 K and −1.79% ≤ e ≤ +0.67%. Complementary resistivity measurements were taken to determine the upper critical field (BC2(T, e)) and the critical temperature (TC(e)) directly. The upper critical field defined at 5%ρN, 50%ρN or 95%ρN, is described by the empirical relation BC2ρN(T, e) = BC2ρN(0, e)[1 −(T/TCρN(e))ν]. The upper critical field at zero Kelvin and the critical temperature are linearly related where BC2ρN (0, e) ≈ 3.6TCρN (e) − 29.9, although strictly BC2ρN (0, e) is a double-valued function of TCρN (e). JE was confirmed to be reversible at least in the range −0.23% < e < 0.67%. The JE data have been parameterized using the volume pinning force (FP) where FP = JE × B = A(e)BC2n (T, e)bp (1 − b)q and b = B/BC2(T, e). A(e) is taken to be a function of strain otherwise the maximum value of FP (found by varying the field) was a double-valued function of BC2 when the temperature was fixed and the strain varied. To achieve a very high accuracy for the parameterization required by magnet engineers (~1 A), the data were divided into three temperature–strain ranges, BC2(T, e) described by the empirical relation and the constants p, q, n and ν and the strain-dependent variables A(e), BC2(0, e) and TC(e) treated as free-parameters and determined in each range. A single scaling law that describes most of the JE data has also been found by constraining BC2(T, e) using the resistivity data at 5%ρN where ν = 1.25, n = 2.18, p = 0.39 and q = 2.16. When BC2(T, e) is constrained at 50%ρN or 95%ρN, the scaling law breaks down such that p and q are strong functions of temperature and q is also a strong function of strain. Good scaling provides support for identifying BC25%ρN (T, e) as the characteristic (or average) upper critical field of the bulk material. The JE data are also consistent with a scaling law that incorporates fundamental constants alone, of the Kramer-like form where the Ginzburg–Landau (GL) parameter κ is given by the relation γ is the Sommerfeld constant and t = T/TC(e). At an applied field equal to the upper critical field found from fitting the Kramer dependence (i.e. at BC2(T, e)), the critical current is non-zero and we suggest that the current flow is percolative. The functional form of FP implies that in high fields the grain boundary pinning does not limit JE, this is consistent with JE-microstructure correlations in other superconducting materials.


Specialists of the republican unitary enterprise "Scientific and Practical Centre of Hygiene" have developed a questionnaire that allows medical workers of healthcare organizations of outpatient and inpatient profile to assess the body's state during the operation of medical masks in a favorable and unfavorable epidemic situation. 270 medical workers were interviewed, of which physicians – 24%, middle medical staff – 60%, junior medical staff – 16%. The survey showed that the operation time of medical devices for respiratory tract protection in an unfavorable epidemic situation exceeds than in a favorable epidemic situation both in outpatient and polyclinic healthcare organizations and in inpatient healthcare organizations. Increasing operation time of medical devices for respiratory tract protection during one work shift is accompanied by increasing number of symptoms of the fatigue process and their severity. In this case, the nature of these symptoms is different for medical workers of various health care organizations.


Background: Maternal cardiac arrest is rare, with reported incidence of 1:12,000. Ganglioneuroma is a very rare benign tumor, commonly originating in the posterior mediastinum. Here we present a case of cardiac arrest during cesarean delivery, secondary to major vessel compression by a large mediastinal Ganglioneuroma which was unknown before delivery. Case Report: A healthy, nulliparous, 22 year old woman, admitted for urgent cesarean section at 40-weeks gestation under epidural anesthesia due to fetal decelerations and meconium. Shortly after extraction of the fetus, severe hypoxemia and cardiac arrest ensued. Return of spontaneous circulation was accomplished 5 minutes after initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The patient recovered fully. Imaging revealed large space-occupying lesion of the posterior mediastinum with left lung and pulmonary artery Arch Clin Med Case Rep 2021; 5 (5): 685-690 DOI: 10.26502/acmcr.96550409 Archives of Clinical and Medical Case Reports 686 compression with resultant segmental pulmonary embolism. Biopsy did support diagnosis of lymphoma. Left thoracotomy was performed with complete excision of the tumor. Biopsy revealed Ganglioneuroma, and no further therapy was required. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing maternal cardiac arrest due to undiagnosed large mediastinal Ganglioneuroma. Careful history, along with prompt imaging, tissue biopsy and definitive surgery are necessary to avoid further morbidity and possible mortality.


Maternal mortality is still a severe problem in Indonesia. One of the causes is the blood lead levels. Blood lead levels in pregnant women can increase the risk of preeclampsia which is the cause of high maternal mortality in Indonesia. One of the factors for high blood lead levels is living close to the source of lead pollution. This study determines the differences in blood lead levels in pregnant women in agricultural and coastal areas in Brebes District. The t-test independent is used to analyze the mean differences with SPSS v 21 software with 84 samples. The results show a significant difference in the average blood lead levels in pregnant women in agricultural and coastal areas in Brebes Regency (p-value=0,047). The average blood lead levels are higher in agricultural areas (46.243 µg/dL) than in coastal areas (37.731 µg/dL). It can be implied that the risk of maternal mortality in an agricultural area is higher than in a coastal area.


A motor control system (10) includes a difference calculating part (31) which calculates a difference between a first position detection value of a moving part and a second position detection value of a driven part, a judging part (32) which judges if a moving part has engaged with the driven part when the moving part is made to move from any initial position in a first and second drive directions, a holding part (33) which holds the difference as initial difference linked with the first or second drive direction, when the moving part has engaged with the driven part, and a correction amount calculating part (34) which calculates a backlash correction amount, and the correction amount calculating part using the difference based on the current positions of the moving part and the driven part and the initial difference to calculate the backlash correction amount.


We report on a case of intraosseous lipoma in the talus of a 61-year-old man. Roentgenographic, computed tomographic (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), and histologic features of the case are presented. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of intraosseous lipoma occurring in the talus. SICOT Online Report E029 Accepted April 8th, 2003 2 Introduction Intraosseous lipoma is the rarest benign bone tumor [12]. This condition sometimes causes mild pain and swelling in the affected site, however, in some cases, it is asymptomatic and is only incidentally discovered on radiographic examinations for unrelated disorders [9]. Intraosseous lipomas are most frequently encountered in the metaphysis of the long bones [2,3,4,8,9].


Abstract Background Current epidemiological studies have examined the associations between moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their risks of developing neurodegenerative diseases. Concussion, also known as mild TBI (mTBI), is however quite distinct from moderate or severe TBIs. Only few studies in this burgeoning area have examined concussion—especially repetitive episodes—and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, no definite relationship has been established between them. Objectives This review will discuss the available literatures linking concussion and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Materials and Methods Given the complexity of this subject, a realist review methodology was selected which includes clarifying the scope and developing a theoretical framework, developing a search strategy, selection and appraisal, data extraction, and synthesis. A detailed literature matrix was set out in order to get relevant and recent findings on this topic. Results Presently, there is no objective clinical test for the diagnosis of concussion because the features are less obvious on physical examination. Absence of an objective test in diagnosing concussion sometimes leads to skepticism when confirming the presence or absence of concussion. Intriguingly, several possible explanations have been proposed in the pathological mechanisms that lead to the development of some neurodegenerative disorders (such as ALS and AD) and concussion but the two major events are deposition of tau proteins (abnormal microtubule proteins) and neuroinflammation, which ranges from glutamate excitotoxicity pathways and inflammatory pathways (which leads to a rise in the metabolic demands of microglia cells and neurons), to mitochondrial function via the oxidative pathways. Conclusion mTBI constitutes majority of brain injuries. However, studies have focused mostly on moderate-to-severe TBI as highlighted above with inconclusive and paucity of studies linking concussion and neurodegenerative disorders. Although, it is highly probable that repetitive concussion (mTBI) and subconcussive head injuries may be risk factors for ALS) and AD from this review. It will be imperative therefore to conduct more research with a focus on mTBI and its association with ALS and AD.


Our country is a country that the earthquake occurs frequently,the earth's earthquake liquefaction occupies an important position in earthquake disasters.But,in our country the methods of the seismic designs,the prospecting regulations and their qualitative and quantitative definitions and calculations often differ from each other.We can find the individuality and generality and apply them into our practice from the comparisons and analysis of the results of the definitions and calculations to the liquefactions of the seismic designs and their geotechnical regulations.


Medical English is a division of English for specific purposes. It is continuous with general college English, but it also has its own features in the aspects of style, syntax, grammar, vocabulary characteristics. Along with the medical science and the international communication increases year by year, mastering medical English has important implications for medical students. To improve the quality of medical English teaching, this article firstly analyzes the features of medical English teaching, and then proposes a series of strategies which have applied in medical English teaching activities.


This report presents the results of a Climate Resilience Pilot Project conducted by Connecticut Department of Transportation (CTDOT) and sponsored in part by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). CTDOT was awarded a pilot to conduct a systems-level vulnerability assessment of bridge and culvert structures six feet to 20 feet in length from inland flooding associated with extreme rainfall events. The project focused on structures in the northwest corner of the state. The Department chose to conduct a vulnerability assessment of inland flooding because in recent years extreme precipitation events have been more frequent and intense, resulting in damage to the Department's infrastructure in several locations in the State. While this damage has not been significantly widespread, it poses safety concerns and can be costly to repair or replace. The Scope of Work for this project included the following main elements: data collection and field review, hydrologic and hydraulic evaluation, criticality assessment and hydraulic design criteria evaluation. Identification of structures six feet to 20 feet in length in the northwest corner of the state and data collection was accomplished using the state's bridge inventory. This inventory included over 176 structures on the state system. This inventory was pared down to 60 structures identified for field evaluation. Of the 60 identified for field evaluation, 52 were selected for hydrologic and hydraulic evaluations.


In Part I of this paper, the authors reported an extensive series of heat transfer data for subcooled boiling of heptane in turbulent flow in an annulus, and in laminar flow past a coiled wire. These data plus some new measurements for laminar flow in the annulus were compared to the predictions of some 12 correlations from the literature. The applicability of these correlations to the present data is determined and a combination of correlations proposed to predict heat transfer with satisfactory accuracy.


We show that a closed four-level system can exhibit lasing without population inversion in any state basis. The same system can be also made to exhibit lasing without population inversion in the bare-state basis but with population inversion in the dressed-state basis. We derive the conditions of lasing without inversion and examine the dependence of the gain on various system parameters. The lasing threshold and the steady-state photon numbers are calculated. Comparison with a V-type, three-level model is presented


In accordance with the character of rockfall acceleration or impact force curve,impact force computation theory formulas of front impact are derived using momentum law.Supposing normal impact force is not affected by tangential impact force,a new friction model is proposed,using which tangential impact force and coefficient of restitution both are induced.Finally the change law of impact time,impact force and coefficient of restitution are analyzed when incidence speed,incidence angle or the ratio of the thickness of surface soil to rockfall radius are changed.It showed that:(1) With the impact velocity increasing and the incident angle fixed,the impact force increases linearly,the tangential restitution coefficient ascends with a small amplitude,while the normal restitution coefficient and impact time both descend.(2) With the augment of incidence angle,normal and tangential coefficient of restitution both are getting larger,the increment of tangential restitution coefficient is greater than that of normal restitution coefficient,and the collision time longer,while maximum impact force rise and then drop.(3) With the ratio increase of the thickness of surface soil to rockfall radius,the longer the collision time is,the larger normal coefficient of restitution is while the smaller tangential coefficient of restitution is,and maximum impact force goes up like a concave curve.


To reflect the mechanical behavior of a real pipe bearing inner water Pressure, a loading method by inner water pressure is used in this test. The loading equipment and a part of measuring devices are designed and made by ourself. Compare tests and theory analysis have worked out for the performance of the steel fiber reinforced concrete pipe, the reinforced concrete pipe, the pipe with steel fiber reinforced concrete and steel bar under the inner pressure. The experimental results show that the method is simple, easy, and reliable, the pipe made of steel fiber reinforced concrete and steel bar can bear high cracking and ultimate load, and its spoiled form is improved under inner water pressure loading. Putting steel fiber into reinforced concrete to make pipe, the cracking load of the pipe is increased by steel fiber, and the ultimate load and ductility are increased by steel bar. This pipe has good performance of anti-cracking, ductility and bearing capacity.


THIS IS A SHORT REPORT OF PARAMETER STUDIES FOR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BOX GIRDERS. THE CURVES GIVEN MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO ESTIMATE THE INFLUENCE OF DEFORMATIONS OF SECTION, AS REQUIRED BY THE "REGULATIONS FOR THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF LARGE BRIDGES (AUGUST 1973)", WITHOUT TOO MUCH EFFORT AT THE DESIGN STAGE.


Blocking layer holds a crucial function in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). It essentially prevents recombination from occurring between electrons in the photoanode and the oxidized dye molecules within the electrolyte. Furthermore, this layer could strengthen the connection between the conductive substrate and the photoanode layer. Herein, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods were applied as a blocking layer in DSSC, and the solar cell performance was subsequently compared with the cells containing conventional TiO2 nanoparticles blocking layer. The TiO2 nanorods were grown from titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) solution via the hydrothermal method for various durations, i.e., 30, 60, and 120 min. Meanwhile, the TiO2 nanoparticles blocking layer was deposited via the wet chemistry method by hydrolyzing titanium (IV) chloride (TiCl4). The morphology and structure of both types of blocking layers were compared, whereas the electrical properties of the solar cells were analyzed using incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) and current-voltage (I-V) characterization. It was found that different hydrothermal time resulted in TiO2 nanorods with different morphologies. The application of TiO2 nanorods blocking layer that was grown for 120 min led to a photoconversion efficiency of 3.29%, which was 8.2% and 4.4% higher than the photoconversion efficiency of cells without the blocking layer and with TiO2 nanoparticles blocking layer, respectively. Our results indicated that the blocking layer with a TiO2 nanorods structure could facilitate better electrons transfer than that of nanoparticles. Keywords— blocking layer; DSSC; hydrothermal, nanorods; TiO2.


Purpose: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor. So far, there has been only poor understanding about its molecular biology largely due to the difficulty of direct characterization of OS evolution. However, it has recently been discovered that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) regulated differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) closely resembles the differentiation of OS cells. Therefore, we developed and used a micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) system for imaging and quantitatively characterizing BMP regulated MSCs differentiation in mice, which can potentially lead to more substantial understanding of human OS development. Method and Materials: We have developed a laboratory cone‐beam micro‐CT imagingsystem, which consists of a micro‐focal X‐ray source, a rotary stage with mouse holder, and a CsI‐coupled CMOSdetector. Reconstruction can be accomplished with either Feldkamp‐Davis‐ Kress (FDK) algorithm or the PI‐line‐based backprojection filtration (BPF) algorithm that was developed in our laboratory. The reconstructed images are volume‐rendered with VolView 2.0 (Kitware Inc., Clifton Park, NY) for visualization. An IDL program is developed for automatically extracting and characterizing transplanted boney structure volume within a user‐specified region‐of‐interest (ROI). Results: About 40 mice were scanned with the micro‐CT imagingsystem. From each of them, both reconstructed images and volume‐rendered images were obtained for quantitatively assessment. Within user‐specified ROI, the volumes of the boney structure formed by BMP regulated MSCs differentiation were automatically calculated. Conclusion: Our micro‐CT system provides a powerful tool for imaging and quantitative characterization of BMP regulated MSCs differentiation in mice model, which is potentially helpful in achieving further understanding of human osteosarcoma development.


Bali Island, Indonesia is undergoing rapid land use changes due to heavy development pressure and its fast growing urban population. One such urbanization phenomenon is the shrinkage, deterioration, and disappearance of traditional small urban green spaces in Denpasar, Bali. Focusing on telajakan, a strip of traditional green space between the wall of a housing compound and a ditch/pedestrian path in a roadside, the study aims 1) to investigate and document the changes that are occurring with regards to telajakan and 2) to assess the functions (roles) of telajakan in Denpasar. The research methods include vegetation assessment at a lot scale and in-depth homeowner and village leader interviews with the help of local experts. The results show that telajakan space is often paved over to give way to more front space for the property owner and to ease maintenance. It is also minimized or destroyed as the owner builds a more "western" style house. Traditionally telajakan has multiple functions such as provision of plant and flower materials for Balinese daily rituals, regu-lation of stormwater from the property, and offering semi-public space for street vendors and neighbours. However, the results show that: diversity of planted species is decreasing; only a couple of functions such as aesthetics and economics are strongly favored; and the semi-public nature of telajakan is being lost. Since telajakan is as much traditional green open space as part of the aesthetics of the Balinese architecture, its loss, minimization, and degradation lead to the loss of Balinese culture and identity. On the other hand, new meaning is given to telajakan's functions such as neighborhood beautification and exhibition of the owner's pride in the modern context. Therefore, policy recommendations to conserve telajakan in the changing urban fabric need to balance these changing needs of telajakan for its use and conservation of traditional rituals and culture of Bali.


Abstract : To satisfy requirements in the fiscal year 2002 National Defense Authorization Act (U.S. Congress, 2001) to improve the acquisition of services by the Department of Defense, the Air Force established a Program Executive Officer for Combat and Mission Support (AFPEO/CM) who is responsible for management and oversight of a well-defined portfolio of Air Force services acquisition activities. This office is the single point of contact for Air Force services acquisition inquiries and is also responsible for developing long-range plans for cost-effective acquisition of services. To fulfill its responsibilities, the AFPEO/CM needs metrics to help it monitor compliance with statutory requirements, needs to respond to congressional inquiries about specific acquisitions, and needs to effectively manage Air Force services acquisition activities and organizations. RAND Project AIR FORCE was asked to help develop a portfolio of "overarching" measures that will allow the AFPEO/CM to assess the health of Air Force acquisition activities, diagnose problems, and target improvement efforts. This report describes our recommendations. To help develop this portfolio of metrics, we considered the experience of commercial firms, which have long had a "strategic" view of purchasing direct materials (goods) because they are direct inputs to production, but have only recently explored applying such approaches to purchasing services. Through interviews with well-respected chief purchasing officers and other executives involved in service acquisitions, through conference participation, and through a review of the business literature, we found that commercial firms are beginning to manage their service acquisitions in a manner similar to their acquisition of direct materials.


Carrot is a fast-growing and nutritious vegetable cultivated throughout the world for its edible roots. The farmers are still learning the scientific methods of carrot production worldwide. For the production of good quality carrots, modern technology is not being used to its fullest to detect carrot vegetable diseases in the farms. As a result, the farmers face difficulties now and then in continuous monitoring and detecting defects in carrot crops. Hence, this paper proposes an efficient carrot disease identification and classification method using a deep learning approach, especially Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In this research, five different carrot diseases including healthy carrots have been examined and experimented with four different pretrained models of CNN architecture, i.e., VGG16, VGG19, MobileNet, and Inception v3. Among the four models, the Inception v3 model is selected as an efficient pretrained CNN architecture to build an effective and robust system. The Inception v3 based system proposed here takes carrot images as input and examines whether they are healthy or infected, and provides output accordingly. To train and evaluate the system, a robust dataset is used, which consists of original and synthetic data. In the Fully Connected Neural Network (FCNN), dropout is used to solve the problem of overfitting as well as to improve the accuracy of the system. The accuracy achieved from the method which uses Inception v3 is 97.4%, which is undoubtedly helpful for the farmers to identify carrot disease and maximize their benefits to establish sustainable agriculture. Keywords—Deep learning; convolutional neural network; Inception v3; carrot disease recognition


Some ways for logic-dynamic modeling a progress of emergency situations, criterions for the state diagnosis, methods for successive classification of the device faults at control loop and control reconfiguration in mechanical systems with redundant torque gyroscopic couplings, are presented. Some results on analysis of the gyromoment fault tolerant spacecraft attitude control systems, are produced.


Based on previous experimental investigations, the authors have successfully performed autovenous plasty of defects of extrahepatic bile ducts for scarry strictures under clinical conditions. In 3 patients portions of conserved free autovein were used. In 3 other patients a preliminarily bougienaged dissected segment of the umbilical autovein was used. The authors consider that to use a polyethelene drainage-frame is necessary for performing the above mentioned operations during 7-8 weeks.


ABSTRACT Support groups for informal caregivers of people living with dementia have been recognised as an effective intervention for empowering caregivers. Regular support groups for caregivers who care for people living with dementia were launched from 2017 to 2019 over different regions of Estonia. Using a participatory action research approach, the aim of this study was to explore empowerment within these support groups from the perspective of the individual, the community and at a political level. This qualitative study relied on using semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and written reflections. The data were collected from informal caregivers, support group facilitators, social work specialists and politicians. We can conclude that support groups are option for empowering informal caregivers and communities, and contribute to policy-making. Participation in support group increases caregivers' awareness and networking, and therefore improves competence and raises consciousness of citizenship. Caregivers, in conjunction with the nongovernmental organisations, researchers and facilitators, become the audible voice of the interest group in a situation where the topic of dementia is under construction in society, and contribute to social changes.


On the base of polyacrylamide with high molecular weight,the water-soluble PAM microgels was prepared.The crosslinked structure of the microgels is composed of σ bands,which makes little changes of the viscosity in the conditions of high temperature and salinity.At 45℃,the recovery of 15‰ microgels obtained 25% in brines.The PAM microgels is found to have special property in EOR by the research on it.


The process of planning and constructing a new light rail system or freeway, setting an urban growth boundary, changing tax policy, or modifying zoning and land use plans is often politically charged. Our goal in the UrbanSim project is to provide tools for stakeholders to be able to consider different scenarios, and then to evaluate these scenarios by modeling the resulting patterns of urban growth and redevelopment, of transportation usage, and of environmental impacts, over periods of 20-30 years. UrbanSim, combined with transportation models and macroeconomic inputs, performs simulations of the interactions among urban development, transportation, land use, and environmental impacts. It consists of a set of interacting component models that simulate different actors or processes within the urban environment.


The ability to measure human hand motions and interaction forces is critical to improving our understanding of manual gesturing and grasp mechanics. This knowledge serves as a basis for developing better tools for human skill training and rehabilitation, exploring more effective methods of designing and controlling robotic hands, and creating more sophisticated human-computer interaction devices which use complex hand motions as control inputs. This paper presents work on the design, fabrication, and experimental validation of a soft sensor-embedded glove which measures both hand motion and contact pressures during human gesturing and manipulation tasks. We design an array of liquid-metal embedded elastomer sensors to measure up to hundreds of Newtons of interaction forces across the human palm during manipulation tasks and to measure skin strains across phalangeal and carpal joints for joint motion tracking. The elastomeric sensors provide the mechanical compliance necessary to accommodate anatomical variations and permit a normal range of hand motion. We explore methods of assembling this soft sensor glove from modular, individually fabricated pressure and strain sensors and develop design guidelines for their mechanical integration. Experimental validation of a soft finger glove prototype demonstrates the sensitivity range of the designed sensors and the mechanical robustness of the proposed assembly method, and provides a basis for the production of a complete soft sensor glove from inexpensive modular sensor components.


Laser technologies such as welding and cutting rely on process gases. We suggest to use schlieren imaging to visualize the gas flow during these processes. During the process of laser welding, the shielding gas flows to the welded area to prevent oxidation of the weld pool by surrounding air. The gas also interacts with hot plasma spurting from the key hole induced by the laser beam incident on the molten material. This interaction is quite complicated because hot plasma mixes with the cold shielding gas while the system is moving along the weld. Three shielding gases were used in the presented experiment: Ar, He and N2. Differences in dynamics of the flow are clearly visible on schlieren images. Moreover, high speed recording reveals a structure consisting of hot gas bubbles. We were also able to determine the velocity of the bubbles from the recording. During laser cutting, the process gas flows coaxially with the laser beam from the nozzle to remove the molten material out of the kerf. The gas flow is critical for the quality of the resulting edge of the cut. Schlieren method was used to study gas flow under the nozzle and then under the material being cut. This actually creates another slot nozzle. Due to the very low speed of flow below the material the schleiren method is already at the limit of its sensitivity. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a differential technique to increase the contrast. Distinctive widening of the flow shaped by the kerf was observed.


Three different series of rearing experiments were conducted using sea bream (Chryso-phrys major) and sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) to observe the accumulation of mercury in major tissues of the fish via gill or skin and feeding materials. In the first group, fish were fed with commercial pellet feed in the sea water contain- ing mercuric chloride at a level of 0.1ppm of Hg. The second group of fish were fed with the pellets containing methyl mercury at a level of 0.85ppm of Hg. The pellets were prepared from a species naturally contaminated by methylmercury. In the third series, fish were fed with the pellets added by mercuric chloride at a level of 1ppm of Hg. In the first group, mercury moved into the tissues very rapidly, in particular, accumulation was large in kidney and spleen, whereby a retarded accumulation was shown in the second group. In the last group of fish, only a minor accumulation was seen in the different tissues of the two species of test fish. Less than 5% of mercury was absorbed through intestine of the fish when mercuric chloride was given as the adjunct of pellet feed.Since no appreciable increase was observed in the level of methylmercury in the groups fed by mercuric chloride or reared in mercuric chloride-added sea water, methylation of mercury may hardly takes place


This work presents dynamic model inversion controller which uses state dependent coefficient matrices, and is applied for a fixed-wing aircraft attitude and velocity control problem. Numerical validation of the proposed controller is done using a Cessna 172 aircraft simulation model for several scenarios of atmospheric disturbances.


Job design plays a vital role in the performance maximization. satisfaction to the employees and they perform well by employing all their energies in the work. Job design a valued issue among the researchers for its importance and effectiveness from a long time. A w according to psychological perception and attitude of employees motivate them towards their tasks performance, such employees become highly productive and loyal to the organization. This study is based on the literature review to analyze the impact of job design on employee performance and a new variable is defined as "psychological perception" of employee to highlight how employees behave towards a job d proposed to show the construct of job design by job design with employee performance. It has been found that psychological perception of employee has a significant positive impact on the relationship of job design and employee performa


When the present epoch is described as "Anthropocene" human choice is seen as essential to the planet's future. This essay accepts this presupposition of choice and demonstrates its consequences upon the religions of the world. It does this first by describing what human choices must be made in order to bring about a healthy planet; then provides a way of expanding the current definitions of "religion" so these new social realities will be recognized in the future. It describes in detail how religions have interfaced with planetary necessities in the past and present. Presupposing that the religions of the world have been a force of good as well as ill, it describes what must happen in both the classical as well the newer forms of religion to enable the future environmental changes to be for the good of humanity.


The eigenvalues of the Jacobian of the return map are used to quantify the stability of discrete dynamical systems, such as, the rimless wheel and the simplest walker. The accuracy this Jacobian, usually obtained by nite dierencing, depends on the step size. Even with the most optimal step size, only moderate accuracy is obtained. Here, we obtain the Jacobian by numerically integrating the gradient of the equations of motion. For the rimless wheel, our eigenvalue estimate is accurate to 12 signicant digits and is better than 9 signicant digits obtained by nite dierencing with optimal step size obtained by Coleman (Dynamics of Continuous, Discrete and Impulsive Systems Series B, 16, 2009). We rst show that our method is able to produce the eigenvalues accurate to 12 signi- cant digits obtained by known analytical solution for the rimless wheel. This benchmark calculation then permits us to make the claim that the eigenvalues of the simplest walker, for which the analytical solution is unknown, obtained using our method are accurate to 12 signicant digits.


The promotion in the Mahakam Ulu District Government even though it has been implemented in the area still seems to use bureaucratic tortuous and policies that make it difficult for Civil Servants to be promoted. The problems in this research is how the implementation of promotion and inhibition factors promotion through the adjustment of diploma in the Government of Mahakam Ulu Regency. Research Objective to know the process of implementation of promotion of Civil Servant for those who get a diploma in Government of Mahakam Ulu Regency. In order to research for the development of theory and concepts as well as inputs to related institutions regarding the promotion of the rank of Civil Servant who btained a diploma. The approach used is normative through literature and empirical study through direct field research and also free guided interviews to the authorities related to research to complement the existing data. The increase of the rank of civil servant in Mahakam Ulu District Government has a role in its duty and function to conduct the process of appointment promotion through diploma for Civil Servant which is within the Government of Mahakam Ulu Regency, whose administrative process is done by Regional Personnel Board of Mahakam Ulu Regency


(257) generally 'conservative' body of agricultural scientists was replaced . . . by a utilitarian party boss, Pysin," thus marking another blow by Khrushchev against the conservatives. To some observers, these episodes might suggest that other factors, i.e., performance in office, personality clashes, the state of agriculture might have had something to do with the administrative shifts. Professor Ploss, however, steadfastly attributes every change to the clash of reformers with conservatives. Throughout, one finds faulty logic. Ovechkin, a writer on agriculture, in 1952 praises the practice of raising rank-and-file farmers to the position of kolkhoz chairman. Khrushchev says the same thing, almost ten years later, and this is used as one proof that Ovechkin is Khrushchev's "agent." Izvestiya attacks money scandals in the Ministry of Agriculture four months before a big meeting on agriculture and Ploss assures us (161) that these exposures were part of Khrushchev's plans to discredit the authoritarian centralists. A 1958 party decree (138) condemning Stalinist practices in the regulation of music becomes, in the author's interpretation, a veiled attack against the authoritarian centralists' agricultural views. How, one wishes to shout, does Ploss know these things? The author's treatment of the problem of the conversion of collective farms into state farms is typical of his whole approach. Khrushchev, we are told, struggled mightily to stop these amalgamations which were (217) a pet project of the authoritarian centralists, Suslov and Kozlov. Nowhere in this whole book is there one quotation from these latter gentlemen to substantiate Ploss' view. Instead, Matskevich (176), we learn, is their spokesman. In a December, 1959 speech, "Indeed Matskevich even advocated the merger of economically weak kolkhozes with strong kolkhozes and sovkhozes. This, of course, was sharply at odds with the viewpoint which Khrushchev had expressed at the 21st party Congress." First, the use of the word "even" indicates that Ploss may not know that party policy from 1954 on had generally approved of the conversion of some weak kolkhozes into sovkhozes. Second, Ploss unaccountably fails to note Matskevich's opening remarks in this very same speech. For Matskevich directly quotes Khrushchev's words at the 21st party Congress and agrees with the former Soviet leader that the two forms of agriculture, sovkhoz and kolkhoz will develop separately, but ultimately will merge into one form of "communist property." Further on, in the same speech, Matskevich (authoritarian centralist that he is) declares that the state farms are too undemocratic in their administrative structure to serve as a model for agricultural organization under communism. Fourth, Leonid I. Brezhnev, in his March, 1965, speech, without specifically mentioning Khrushchev's name, indicated that one of Khrushchev's main faults was the excessive conversion of collective into state farms. Fifth, Brezhnev and Kosygin, having denounced the Khrushchev policy, have now placed Matskevich, whom Ploss would have us believe strongly favored the conversion policy, in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture. In short, the book is both a poor example of Kremlinology and an inaccurate guide to Soviet agricultural problems.—ALLEN B. BALLABD, JR., City University of New York.


Abstract Background Melanoma is the most aggressive of common skin cancers. We aimed to create a polygenic risk score (PRS) and evaluate its capability to predict melanoma prognosis better than staging. Methods The cohort included 1126 melanoma patients (567 males, 559 females); 57%, 24% and 19% patients stage I, II and III at diagnosis, respectively. The mean age at diagnosis was 54 yo (range 12-97). We genotyped 252 candidate SNPs by OpenArray. After quality control, we selected SNP associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and melanoma-specific survival (MSS) (log Rank P  0.75), we created a PRS based on the weight of each SNP in MSS or DFS modulation. We compared the score including PRS and clinical data (age, sex, staging), with the clinical score alone or the staging score alone. ROC curves were calculated for each score to assess the capability to predict DFS and MSS. Results We identified 29 SNPs associated with DFS survival in the whole cohort. The score with PRS had a higher prediction capability (AUC 0.844), compared to clinical score (AUC 0.770) or staging alone (AUC 0.741). Male-specific analyses revealed 8 male-specific SNPs. The male-PRS improved also the prediction capability (AUC 0.831), compared to clinical (AUC 0.760) or staging alone score (AUC 0.735). Female-specific analyses revealed 21 female-specific SNPs. The female-PRS improved also the prediction capability (AUC 0.868), compared to clinical (AUC 0.767) or staging alone score (AUC 0.742). Using an optimal PRS + clinical score cut-off, we improved the classification of patients into low and high-risk groups within each stage and comparison (Table). Similar results were obtained regarding MSS. Table . 1366P 5-year DFS rate (%) Sex Stage ALL Low-risk group High-risk group ALL I 92.5 94.9 62.7 II 69.7 87.7 50.6 III 59.3 90.2 50.3 MALE I 91.4 92.0 80.0 II 68.0 87.4 49.6 III 56.3 86.3 48.1 FEMALE I 93.5 96.1 69.8 II 72.2 94.1 47.9 III 62.6 94.1 42.7 Conclusions We have identified a potential PRS that improves classification of melanoma patients within prognostic groups. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


IT IS in towns that the economic and social changes occurring in developing countries most immediately present themselves and the resulting problems are most acute. Kenya is at an early stage of urbanization and if geographers have learned anything from the study of other, more urbanized, countries they should be able to suggest the more probable lines along which urban development may take place and anticipate the problems it will present. Such statistics as are now available on the proportion of the population in towns in different countries are not strictly comparable because of the problem of whether the definition is based on size, function or legal status; it is important to know what is the minimum size to be considered and how much of the peri-urban fringe is included. Also, the significance of a town differs according to the society in which it is set and according to the problems which are being discussed. Nevertheless, it is clear that Africa is poorly urbanized by comparison with the rest of the world and East Africa is particularly so. Even with size criteria as low as 2000 persons, the census of 1962 only gave the urban population of Kenya as 7.8 per cent contained in thirty-four towns (Fig. I). Tanganyika and Uganda have still lower proportions of their population in cities (4.I per cent in 1957 and 5.I per cent in I959).1 The rural life is so often spoken of with envy by the citizens of the great megalopoli that it may be helpful to restate the advantages of urbanization to a developing country: commercially, towns provide the market centres required in the conversion from a subsistence to a cash economy; industrially, they house the increasing proportion of the population which more productive agriculture releases to make the flow of manufactured goods of which material advancement consists; in the public services, they facilitate the provision of schools, hospitals, clinics, electricity, water, sanitation-and of law and order; socially, migration to towns weakens the restricting influences of tribal traditional custom and politically, the mixing of peoples can assist in breaking down tribal tensions which are so damaging to stability in Africa and encourage the evolution of a sense of national purpose as against tribal sectional self


To analyze colostomy patients′ bowel function assessment tools and application status by describing the bowel function characteristics of colostomy patients and making a summary of colostomy patients′ bowel function through the literature research. The purpose of this article is to provide the reference for measurement of colostomy patients by thinking the application problems of bowel function assessment tools.

Key words:
Colon colostomy; Bowel function; Measurement index; Measurement tools; Review


2012). In our experiments, the novel T cells that result from such overstimulation, i.e., aiCD4 T cells, not only could induce B cells to generate a large variety of autoantibodies, but also promote final differentiation of CD8 T cells into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) via antigen cross-presentation, leading to the tissue injuries identical to those seen in SLE (Tsumiyama et al., 2009). Thus, this aiCD4 T cell is functionally indispensable for the pathogenesis of SLE. However, a precise characterization of these cells is still in progress, and we report here our recent findings on the distinct cell surface markers that characterize and identify aiCD4 T cells.


An explanation is required for the re-emergence of COVID-19 outbreaks in regions with apparent local eradication. Recent outbreaks have emerged in Vietnam, New Zealand and parts of China where there had been no cases for some months. Importation of contaminated food and food packaging is a feasible source for such outbreaks and a source of clusters within existing outbreaks. Such events can be prevented if the risk is better appreciated.


The invention discloses a high-strength vacuum heat insulation plate, comprising a vacuum shell bag and a heat insulation core material which is arranged in the vacuum shell bag. The heat insulation core material comprises a middle heat insulation layer. Two sides of the middle heat insulation layer are provided with a plate with a plurality of hemispherical depressions; one side of the plate in the trailing direction of the middle heat insulation layer is provided with an infrared reflection layer; the hemispherical depressions of the plate are filled with silica aerogel. The high-strength vacuum heat insulation plate of the invention has high strength, low thermal conductivity and good high temperature resistance.


A method for preparing a polymer selected from the following: (a) interpolymer modificadoque comprises in polymerized form a conjugated diene and an alpha-olefin aromatic, or (b) a polimeromodificado comprising in polymerized form a conjugated diene ; and wherein said method comprises at least the following steps: polymerizing monomers comprising at least one conjugated diene monomer in at least one reactorde polymerization in the presence of at least one solvent, to form the polymer, optionally coupling a fraction of the chains polymer using at least one coupling agent, modifying the polymer with at least one modifying agent, in at least one reactor in the presence of at least one solvent to form a modified polymer solution; optionally, contacting the polymer solution with at least one modified compound donadorde protons; contacting the polymer solution with water modified; removing at least one solvent; contacting the removed material with at least one solvent to react with and / or absorb, silanolpara form a purified solvent, recirculating the purified solvent back to at least one polymerization reactor or a dealmacenamiento container.


Nanoprobing techniques have become standard analytical way for real-world device analysis in the modern semiconductor FA lab. The four or six probing of Static noise margin (SNM) and Read noise margin (RNM) could be useful for the SRAM FA. It can justify soft fail and marginal fail to single-bit failure. The in-depth mechanism, completed operation and valuable application are introduced in the content.


From the beginning of interest in studies on Christian Nubia, the question of multilingualism has been one of the most frequently debated issues. Many scholars who dealt with written sources originating from the Middle Nile Valley and dated between the sixth and fifteenth century expressed their opinion on the use of as many as four different languages (Greek, Coptic,1 Old Nubian, and Arabic) or at least made some remarks on the others' opinions. The first to touch upon the question of the simultaneous existence in Nubian funerary epigraphy of Greek and Coptic was Hermann Junker in his classic article on Nubian grave stelae published in 1925.2 But it was only in the 1960s, during the Great Nubian Campaign, that sources of various types in all four languages started to come to light in substantial numbers, on the one hand allowing for a better understanding of the phenomenon and on the other posing even more perplexing questions. Two archaeological sites were particularly important in this respect: Qasr Ibrim and Faras, producing


This study examined the relationship between personality and self-leadership in a sample of vocational college academics. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the factor structure of self-leadership and its relationship with personality. Contrary to prior research the best fitting model was a one-factor model for self-leadership. The results did support the distinctiveness of locus of control, general self-efficacy and conscientiousness from overall self-leadership, but not from the behaviour-focused, natural reward and constructive thought pattern dimensions. General self-efficacy and conscientiousness were found to be positive predictors of self-leadership practices. The practical and research implications of the results for self-leadership are discussed.


This paper shows an example of how the RFID technology can be used in healthcare applications. We propose a tag in the UHF European band (865-868 MHz) that is meant to be incorporated into the wristband of a patient for tracking purposes. A read range of 2 m is required for this application since the reader will be placed in the door frames. Very specific requirements will be imposed upon the dimensions of the tag (reduced size, low profile) in order to be comfortable to wear. The high losses introduced by the proximity of the human tissue and the variability of the operating scenario are also taken into account in the design.


Natural hazards and disasters were a frequent experience for many traditional communities of Western and Central Europe. Yet, in Switzerland, evidence of such events diminishes over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the time series of severe disasters in Switzerland for the years between 1806 and 2007 shows that recorded incidences of loss of life and financial consequences were relatively infrequent between 1882 and 1976. It is argued that this "disaster gap" promoted the loss of what is here termed "disaster memory", that is the risk of natural hazards was increasingly disregarded. However, the recent increased frequency and severity of disasters, together with an awakening of environmental consciousness and the growing certainty of global warming, has led to the emergence of a novel, professional risk culture that takes advantage of the legacy of traditional accounts and records of historical disasters for the purposes of


environment. In terrestrial studies, so far only measurements of CO2 evolution fulfill these criteria although perfusion studies are also acceptable under some conditions. Unfortunately, bacteria in aquatic systems are so dis persed that studies of gas evolution or uptake do not work except in rich sediments. The long-term incubations necessary to obtain measurable changes always completely alter the systems. Some information on acti vity of a part of the aquatic bacterial population can be obtained, how ever, through short-term incubations with various radio-isotope s. The techniques described here have been developed for studying the activity of heterotrophic aquatic bacteria. They could be used equally for terres trial studies although here there are great problems of interpretation. The technique stems from the remarkable discovery of Parsons & Strickland (1962) that the uptake of organic compounds, such as glucose and acetate, could be described by the same equations that describe up take by bacterial cultures. Evidently, many of the different types of bac teria possess similar transport systems (permeases) for organic com pounds. These systems can be described by measuring the uptake veloci ties at a number of different substrate concentrations. The Michaelis Menten equation yields Vmax, the half-saturation constant K, and the velocity of uptake at the natural substrate level (v). In the discussion that follows, it is important to remember that the natural levels of individual dissolved organic compounds are only a few micrograms per liter. For example, the total dissolved free amino acid pool in aquatic systems varies from 15 to 80 jug/liter (Andrews & Wil liams, 1971) and glucose is always between 1 and 10 /ig/liter. Other simple organic compounds are likely in the same range.


Sanskrit studies with unbridled racism, and who was guilty not only of encouraging and inviting white settlers into the Protectorate's highlands, but who even went so far as to send a strictly unofficial mission to South Africa to recruit them. Other governors make similarly sad reading; the indolent Sir Donald Stewart, the pusillanimous Sir James Hayes Sadler, and lastly the hypocritical Sir Percy Girouard. Mungeam regards the assessment of the African reaction as his most


This chapter argues that John Donne learned much about verse form and verse shape from his reading of Edmund Spenser: the dialogic connections and resonances of tone between their works are richer and less negative than is conventionally assumed. The essay traces close intertextual links between Spenser and Donne, drawing attention in particular to the significant connections between them as satirists.


In conifer cambium both the continuation of the initial function after multiplicative division and subsequent cell elongation are under polar influence. In some cambial sectors the upper of the two sister-cell series produced by pseudotransverse division is more apt to persist than the lower sister series, and in these areas cell elongation is predominantly acropetal. In other sectors the reverse situation may hold. Although much variation occurs within the tree, general specific differences obtain with respect to the prevailing condition.


Abtract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Work Motivation (MK)
and Organizational Justice (KO) on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)
through Job Satisfaction (KK) as Mediation . In addition, in this study to determine the
effect of mediation and the effects of direct and indirect effects. The sample used was 83
employees. The questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. Data analysis
method uses partial least square (PLS) analysis technique through SmartPLS 3.0
software. Hypothesis testing uses bootstrapping resampling and sobel test by comparing
T-count with T-table or P-Valuesvalue with significance level . The results in this study,
found that Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is influenced by job satisfaction
and organizational justice directly, while work motivation does not affect directly . In
this study it was found that job satisfaction is able to me mediating between work
motivation variable d an organization against organizational justice Citizenship
Behavior (OCB). The results in this study found that organizational justice had a
positive and significant effect on OCB, while work motivation did not have a positive and
significant effect on OCB. Jobsatisfaction is able to mediate between work motivation
towards OCB and organizational justice towards OCB.
Keywords :Organizational Citizenship Behavior(OCB),Job Satisfaction,
Work Motivation, and Organizational Justice.


NO_x formation behaviors of two kinds of RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) samples with different N content were studied using a fluidized bed combustor. The results show that RDF samples are easily to be combusted in the fluidized bed reactor and the combustion process is stable without external energy. The distribution of NO_x contents depends on the temperature distribution along the height of the fluidized bed. Under the same operation conditions, the higher nitrogen content in the RDF sample leads to higher NO_x concentration in the flue gas. Both the extra air ratio and the injection of secondary air can affect the NO_x formation characteristics, especially for the RDF with high nitrogen content.


In this paper, the level of conceptual understanding of Newtonian mechanics among Afghan school and university students in Kabul, Afghanistan was investigated. This study employed a quantitative descriptive survey method where the Pashto version of the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) was given to a random sample of 216 students from two schools and 90 students from two universities in Kabul city. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.24 and Microsoft Excel, where descriptive and inferential statistical analysis methods were used to determine the students' level of conceptual understanding in Newtonian mechanics. The results of this study revealed that generally, Afghan students had a low level of conceptual understanding of Force which is less than the Newtonian entry threshold for FCI. The results further showed that there is a significant difference between school and university students in the level of conceptual understanding. Furthermore, the results indicate that student's gender didn't have any significant effect on the FCI scores of university students. In general, the results confirmed that both school and university students were having difficulties to conceptually understand Newtonian mechanics. Therefore, the results of the study can be added to the database and serve as a guideline for teachers and students to increase their conceptual teaching and learning. In addition, it can be used to correct the students' misconceptions and to improve teaching and learning of physics in Afghanistan.


Recognizing the emergency of the global climate issue, the current fossil fuel‐based economic structure with massive carbon emission is urgent to be transformed. Catalytic conversion of CO x , as an emerging alternative technology to produce advanced chemicals and fuels, has received enormous attention. Particularly, photothermal CO x conversion, combining the advantages of high efficiency and low pollution, has shown the potential for the production of solar fuels and chemicals, and the progress of this field is accelerating. This review summarizes the fundamentals of photothermal catalysis as well as the state‐of‐the‐art advances of the photothermocatalytic CO x conversion in the three main parts that involve CO x hydrogenation, water–gas shift reaction, and CO2 reforming of CH4. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives are also briefly discussed, which proposes guidance for future investigation of photothermal C1 conversion and anthropogenic carbon cycle.


Monodispersed titania spheres with particle diameters in the range 400−900 nm were successfully synthesised by hydrolysis and condensation of titanium tetraisopropoxide. The preparation was performed using ammonia or dodecylamine as catalyst in methanol/acetonitrile co-solvent at room temperature. The samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen sorption measurement. The average particle size of titania spheres prepared using dodecylamine was larger than that of titania spheres prepared using ammonia. Using ammonia, the particles had a smooth surface. On the other hand, using dodecylamine, the particles had a nano-scaled rough surface with high monodispersity in particle size. The monodispersity was maintained even after crystallisation of titania particles by the annealing at high temperature. The particle size uniformity and photocatalytic reactivity of the titania prepared using dodecylamine was higher than those of the titania prepared using ammonia.


Objective To investigate the effect of Tongxinluo capsule on arteriosclerosis of carotid and products of oxidative stress, OX-LDL and MDA. Methods 213 cases of arteriosclerosis of carotid were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in control group (n=106) were treated by Lovastatin capsule and routine therapy. 107 cases in treatment group were treated by Tongxinluo capsule and western medicine. The course was three months in two groups. The thickness of tunica media in carotid artery, OX-LDL and MDA were measured by ELISA and HPLC-TBA before and after treatment. Results The thickness of tunica media in carotid artery, OX-LDL and MDA after treatment in treatment group were decreased obviously in comparison with those before treatment in treatment group and after treatment in control group (P0.01,P0.05). Conclusion Tongxinluo capsule has definite effect on arteriosclerosis of carotid, can reverse arteriosclerosis of carotid and degrade the effect of oxidative stress products OX-LDL and MDA.


Investigations carried out in Monlesi ice cave document the presence of significant air circulation between the two main cave entrances during the winter season. Air velocities measured in a known cross-section enable assessment of a maximal air flow of more than 10 m 3 /s. The resulting annual heat exchange is expressed by the temperature difference between the air inflow and outflow. The quantification of evapo-condensation processes sets the contribution of winter cooling to the final energy balance of the system.


A total of 7339 fox, dog, cat, cattle, sheep and other mammalian brains were tested to rabies virus antigen. Results of fluorescent antibody test (FAT) were evaluated by two microscopists. Doubtful and discordant results in FAT were analyzed again in virus isolation test (VIT) using mouse neuroblastoma (NA) cell line. Twenty-eight brain samples were determined as doubtful, while 9 brain samples were determined to be positive by one microscopist and negative by the other. Samples which were shown as doubtful and discordant in FAT were retested in VIT. Seventeen of these were positive in the VIT.


Photothermal therapy is based on converting laser radiation into heat due to the absorption of photons in tissue chromophores. The main advantage of the photothermal therapy is the capability of the wavelength-dependent selective therapy of abnormal tissue. However, this method has a drawback of the limitation of penetration depth of the incident laser radiation in the tissue, which depends on the laser wavelength. This hampers treatment efficacy in deep-lying lesions. Therefore, to overcome the limitation, we propose a dual thermal therapeutic method in which both laser energy and acoustic energy are simultaneously transmitted for selective treatment of deep-lying tissue. We hypothesized that the rationale for this new method is both thermal addition and increase in the penetration depth of incident light fluence due to the additional acoustic energy. The hypothesis was verified through tissue mimicking phantom experiments. The experimental results demonstrated that the two energies are complementary in elevation of tissue temperature and increase in penetration depth of light fluence, thus resulting in increasing the therapeutic depth by the laser energy. Because of this property, the proposed dual thermal therapeutic method is also beneficial for photodynamic therapy using photosensitizers.


In order to promote the sulfur removal efficiency of calcium based sorbents during coal combustion in the chain grate furnace. The influence of coal bed temperature, flue gas composition, particle size of sorbents, adding proportion and adding approach of sorbents was studied. A new method, which was called the two stage desulfurization technology, was put forward originally. The experiments proved that through the two stage desulfurization procedure, firstly in coal bed and secondly in furnace space, the sulfur removal efficiency of calcium based sorbents during coal combustion in the chain grate furnace was greatly promoted and could remain 70%~80%. Figs 3, tables 4 and refs 7.


Today this guy  was eating bugs in the holly tree that grows next to our deck. The photo is from wikipedia, mine didn't turn out


High-gain amplifiers require offset compensation (OC) to achieve high input sensitivity. The classical way to achieve such compensation in wide bandwidth applications with NRZ data streams, as encountered in SONET applications, is to feed the output of the amplifier back to its input through a low bandwidth filter [1,2], such as an RC filter, as shown on the left side of Fig. 12.7.1. Unfortunately, this approach leads to an undesirable tradeoff between OC settling time and output jitter – a higher OC bandwidth has the benefit of achieving faster settling time at the expense of higher data dependent jitter. As a result of this limitation, current approaches suffer from long compensation times (typically >1ms for SONET OC48 applications) and often require an off-chip capacitor to achieve acceptably low compensation bandwidths. Although the long compensation times are acceptable for point-to-point links, they pose a severe obstacle for upcoming many-to-one links since each input channel may have different power levels and therefore demand different offset settings for the amplifier. The speed of the OC loop will therefore determine how quickly one can switch between channels.


1. Abstract 1.1. Introduction: Haemorrhoids are very common in everyday life. While grades I and II haemorrhoids can be managed conservatively, grades III and grade IV haemorrhoids require surgery. The study was conducted to determine the better surgical modality for patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy (Open vs MIPH) based on the immediate and early post operative complications. 1.2. Aim: This study is aimed to compare the two surgical modalities to treat haemorrhoids namely Open (Conventional) haem-orrhoidectomy and Minimally Invasive Procedure Haemerrhoid (Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy


Many leaders in the American open school movement have made up their minds that the sort of education they advocate simply does not require special programs for gifted children. They aruge that such programs are not only unnecessary for the optimum growth of children but also that they are undemocratic and perhaps even harmful. None of this is new to those working in either field. What is new, I suppose, is the collaborative efforts of established professionals from both fields. As a proponent of open education, I have no quarrel with Renzulli's (1978) description of gifted individuals as those who demonstrate unusual talents, skills, and abilities, together with a degree of inventiveness and persistence. Neither would I argue with his notion that talent


This insightful and personal comment upon Education 5–9 (HMSO 1982) represents a gifted and much-respected practitioner's view. Recognising that those who inspect us 'work within certain conventions and constraints', she manages both to probe the 'taken for granted' and to recognise the 'influence towards constructive growth and improvement' such surveys can provide.


The paper reviews in what ways the Geodetic Institute Potsdam contributed to the foundation of the International Latitude Service (ILS) and took part in its activities through the work of Helmert, Albrecht, Wanach and Mahnkopf. Based on international scientific cooperation, the results were the rectangular coordinates of the polar motion from 1890.0 to 1922.7 at 0.1 year intervals, in particular those derived from the latitude observations at independent stations from 1890.0 to 1899.8, and those derived from the latitude observations at the ILS stations from 1899.9 to 1922.7.


The invention discloses a micro-channel structure used for two-dimensional hydrodynamic focusing and a microfluid chip. The micro-channel structure comprises a first sample flow channel, a second sample flow channel, an upper-layer longitudinal focused flow channel, a lower-layer longitudinal focused flow channel, a left transverse focused flow channel and a right transverse focused flow channel, wherein the first sample flow channel and the second sample flow channel are respectively located at the front and the back and are mutually communicated, the upper-layer longitudinal focused flow channel and the lower-layer longitudinal focused flow channel are respectively stacked on the top and the bottom of the first sample flow channel, the left transverse focused flow channel and the right transverse focused flow channel are respectively arranged on at the left and right sides of the second sample flow channel, the rears end of the upper-layer and lower-layer longitudinal focused flow channels are both communicated with the first sample flow channel, and the rears end of the left and right transverse focused flow channels are both communicated with the second sample flow channel. The micro-channel structure used for two-dimensional hydrodynamic focusing has a two-dimensional focusing function, controllable focusing effect and the advantages of low flow resistance, a wide application scope of flow velocity, etc.


The reproductive traits affected clearly by climate factors were compared between the new strain sows and Huainan sows during the corresponding period from 2002 to 2004. The reproductive traits of the new strains were similar to that of Huainan pigs in terms of the adaptability to the climate and ecological factors.


To ensure an increase in the design speed with simultaneous improvement of the traction, braking and dynamic qualities of the rolling stock, to increase the level of traffic safety and reduce accident rates the main-line locomotive was considered. A complex of theoretical research of free oscillations, factoring in viscous friction and forced oscillations, was carried out. When considering forced oscillations, the irregularity of a railway track in the vertical direction, due to the rail joints, was taken into account. Graphs of changes in the vertical movements of a body and a bogie were obtained both analytically and using a software package. The results of theoretical research correlate with the experimental data, which allows at the first stages of designing the new rolling stock units (according to the authors) to significantly reduce the cost for field tests.