Show HN: Sublime Merge – A Git client from the makers of Sublime Text - <AUTHOR> https://www.sublimemerge.com <comment><AUTHOR> Hi HN - Jon Skinner here, I made Sublime Text and Sublime Merge, alongside the rest of the Sublime HQ programming team - Will, Dylan and Benjamin. Let me know if you have any questions!

Edit: there's also the announcement blog post, at [https://www.sublimetext.com/blog/articles/sublime- merge](https://www.sublimetext.com/blog/articles/sublime-merge)

<comment><USER2> Jon, it's impressive how you deliver incredibly performant cross-platform UIs. You really should consider talking about your development and custom widget toolkit.

Great job on Sublime Merge.

<comment><USER3> I've never experienced a non-performant cross-platform UI.

Well, to be honest I've heard of folks complaining about Electron apps, but are easy enough to avoid. Oh yeah and Swing was a bit sluggish… in the 90s.

What am I missing?

<comment><USER3> Still no answers but a lot of malicious downvotes.

<comment><USER4> Allow me to somewhat quippishly rephrase your original post: "I've never heard of badly performing cross-platform apps, except for the ones written in what's currently the most popular cross-platform toolkit and the ones written in one of the most popular cross-platform toolkits a generation ago."

<comment><USER3> That leaves one poor performing toolkit, that has an excuse at least. Not hard to avoid apps written in it, in any case.

Qt, Wx, Java, and many others don't or no longer perform poorly. So why the surprise there is one more? Maybe some folks don't know they exist.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> > "The evaluation version is fully functional, but is restricted to the light > theme only."

They really know their target audience.

<comment><USER6> Also I think they learned a lesson from how many people simply grew a habit to click "cancel" in the "please buy this" reminder in Sublime Text.

<comment><USER7> I'm so lazy and it's too easy to click "Cancel"... I have a license but a year after re-installing ST I still haven't added it :/

<comment><USER8> Just search your inbox for "sublime license", and copy the license into Sublime. The whole operation takes me below 1 minute on a new machine.

<comment><USER9> It'd be nice if there was a command line option for this actually. I have my machine setup almost entirely automated, but this is one of the manual steps I have to do.

<comment><USER10> As far as I know, it used to be just a matter of writing the plaintext license into the appropriate file: [https://forum.sublimetext.com/t/license- installation-silentl...](https://forum.sublimetext.com/t/license-installation- silently/13749)

<comment><AUTHOR> That's still supported, and the same technique works for Sublime Merge, fwiw.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> My first impression is extremely positive. Many actions, particularly the kinds of actions that a UI can really help with, are unnecessarily hard in other UIs I've used.

Eg most UIs have a good File History window, but often _finding_ the appropriate file is a lot of work (and by often I mean at least SourceTree, GitKraken _and_ GitExtensions iirc). Eg something like you need to scroll through commits until you found one that happened to have changed that file, then right-click the file, choose file history.

In Sublime, it's just Ctrl+P, fh<enter>myfilename<enter>.

I care about stuff like this (same for Blame, and Stage/Commit (which is usually done great though)) because it's the kind of thing UIs are great at. Both invoking the command and using the output is significantly easier and nicer in a UI than it is from the terminal. Eg it's way more important than an extended "Pull" dialog with all kinds of options I don't care about - I can do that just as easily from the terminal, and my editor probably has a button/keystroke for it somewhere too. So far it seems to me that the Sublime folks got their priorities right. Hats off, will probably purchase!

<comment><USER11> You can do that in GitKraken too btw, jump to file with Ctrl+P, "hist[enter]myfile[enter]". Or click on any recent commit, on the changes pane click "view all files" and you can jump to whatever file you want and see full history with right-click file history.

<comment><USER6> Cool! I was an early GitKraken adopter (and dropper), maybe I missed it or it simply wasn't in there at the time.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> Feedback:

\- I would be nice to be able to remove the name inside the commit log. It's only me on this project and literally 50% of the lines (ever other) is my name.

\- I would also like to have the option to split top/bottom like sourcetree, so that I can read the full commit message easier.

\- The 'end of list' looks like a loading indicator

\- 'Staging lines' only appear when I select something on the line (even one characer). It would be good if clicking in a line actually selected the whole line instead of adding a (unusable?) cursor

\- The logo might want to have a shadow where the light and darker color meet. Right now it is looks kinda strange. The Sublime Text logo has shadows where two edges meet. That logo does 'fold' over itself though which this one doesn't. But anyway the color difference is strange on my eyes.

<comment><USER13> I can only get "Stage lines" for files I previously commited.

Maybe I'm doing something wrong but if I add a new file the only options are Delete or Stage. Or maybe it isn't implemented yet.

<comment><USER12> Here is how it looks for me. [https://imgur.com/a/qZprpJT](https://imgur.com/a/qZprpJT)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER14> For my needs, GitX (rowanj fork) is still unbeat: [http://rowanj.github.io/gitx/](http://rowanj.github.io/gitx/) It has the exact right amount of UI complementing the command line, and some delightful features, e.g. amending the last commit is possible via a checkbox below the commit message.

What I don't like about Sublime and now Sublime Merge, is the unusual way of setting preferences by editing files. I understand that hacking in a JSON file has benefits, but if you just want to use that tool, it's tiring having to google how to change a setting. To me, it feels a bit like losing control. E.g. I wanted to check whether SM supports line wrapping—I'm still not sure whether it does, after browsing the available menu items a bit.

<comment><USER15> Since you are on a Mac, did you try Gitup? I am disappointed that Sublime Merge didn't take clues from Gitup's interface. I feel it's the most unobtrusive and efficient git GUI to exist.

<comment><USER14> I'll give it a try!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER16> "Conflicts are presented with a 3-pane view. On the left are your changes and on the right are theirs. In the center pane is the resolved text"

They are missing a pane then. A 3-way merge involves your changes, others changes, a common ancestor, and the resolved text. kdiff3, Beyond Compare, and very recent versions of emacs are the only tools that I've seen that present this properly.

<comment><USER17> _A 3-way merge involves your changes, others changes, a common ancestor, and the resolved text._

That's true, but is it important to have all those things visible when you're resolving a conflict? The design of a UI should be driven by what the user needs to _see_ , not the data that's being _used_. Most apps have absolutely loads of invisible data in the background making things work; that doesn't mean they need to be front and centre in the UI.

In my experience of resolving conflicts I can't remember a time when I've needed to refer to the common ancestor, so do I really want to give it screen space?

<comment><USER18> It's fair to take either opinion – personally I often find the common ancestor quite important, but I could understand why you might not. But it's disingenuous to call a tool "three way merge" if it's not shown. If you're only showing the two immediate parents, that's a regular old two-way merge.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER19> I'm happy to see some innovation in diff and merge tools. I have been happy to pay for Beyond Compare. The diff and especially merge is so much better than the built-in tools. I absolutely hate doing a complex merge on the command line, or trying to edit the conflict files git spits out manually.

But, Beyond Compare doesn't really integrate with git. You can set it to open for 'git difftool' and 'git mergetool' of course, but that's it. BC isn't well integrated with the Linux desktop either, not even the clipboard.

Has anyone here tried both Beyond Compare and Sublime Merge or an other new tool? What keeps me using BC, despite its flaws, is the core diff and merge algorithms. It just does a better job of showing what actually changed, and lets me manually align code when necessary. The suggested merges are very often right too.

</comment><comment><USER20> Wow, Sublime Merge is so much smoother than GitKraken, great job! I love that it takes everything we know and like about ST and applies it to Git.

It even seamlessly finds my Sublime Text packages, and uses the syntax definitions installed there for highlighting - no duplicate/double configuration required.

<comment><USER21> GitKraken is a web-based application built on Electron, which is why it is slow. Same thing with Slack. What Jon and his team do is always build native and as you are probably already well aware, Sublime Text Editor performance is consistent across all operating systems.

<comment><USER22> Native apps ftw.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER23> Straight to payment for me. Sublime Text is one of the few pieces of software I've just felt was done totally right at so many levels. Entirely happy to give you more of my money.

<comment><USER24> Same here. I expect to actually use SM, but even if I don't, happy to contribute a bit more to the folks who make ST (which I use all day, every day).

</comment></comment><comment><USER25> Looks good. I like how most buttons have text labels instead those dreadful indecipherable icons that are so popular currently. In a way it looks like a successful mix of git-gui effortlessness with no nonsense gitk. I hate all those clients that have to grind all the time through their leaky abstractions.

However I'm still waiting for a client with graphical presentation and manipulation of git's DAG. Other than that I get by with CLI, git-gui (I would only wish to be able to edit files in it sometimes) and gitk.

</comment><comment><USER26> I need to know: how long was the debate between naming this "Sublime Merge" and naming it the obvious alternative name: "Submerge"?

(Mind you, I have a strong feeling that people are still gonna call it that.)

</comment><comment><USER27> I was hopeful but for my simple uses, it doesn't work.

I use gitg in a on Ubuntu VM, also known as "GitX" on Mac.

The basic UI of gitg is much easier to read and browse, the commits and details are top/bottom instead of left right. With SM, I have to expand the window a whole lot more sideways to be able to read the commits. Also with SM my name is under each commit.. but since I work mostly solo, it's added noise that makes the list more difficult to read (what with the commit messages and the author name underneath practically same font size. here the gitg top/bottom layout means the author names and dates can go in other columns making the commit list easier to scan.

In gitg I have a quick view of what files changed, how much they changed, I can dive in if I want to see the actual code. With SM it seems by default you get a full spread of all the changes across several files.

Lack of separation in general, lots and lots of text floating in space with few lines or separation. Lots of subdued color. Buttons that don't look like buttons.

That said my use case is fairly simple. I work mostly on local repos, so for me gitg is a convenient way to see what I was working on last time, and to stage changes in meaningful commits. I don't need it to do a bunch of other things.

The merge sounds great though.. I really miss that... but as it is SM lacks contrast and readability for me.

Hopefully constructive feedback.

<comment><USER27> Further thoughts:

With gitg, I click on any commit and I can quickly see the files changed by that commit, then I can click to dive and see the actual code changes.

In SM by default there is a full spread of the modified lines. That's not as helpful since I have to scroll vertically , potentially a lot in order to see what other files were edited. There does not appear to be a "collapse all" by default option.

Though even in this collapsed view it's not very informative. In gitg there is a really simple red & green bar visual to see at aglance how much changes there are in each files. Thus when you epxlore a git repo, or review what you worked on weeks before;. it's easier to get a sense of how much things go into each commit.

With that said, it's a very slick client that obviously does a lot more than Gitg/gitx... I used SM today to edit an old commit message, which was simple to do.

The merge is probably awesome but I'm not sure how it works.. what if I mess up a rebase from the commaand line, will it let me continue the operation through SM or did I have to start the rebase / misc through SM first? (I ask because typically you had to configure the merge tool in the git config so I'm not sure how SM would catch that)

</comment></comment><comment><USER28> Looks like magit, without the very good editor integration that makes magit awesome. Seems nice tho.

<comment><USER29> Presumably as time goes on it will become more and more integrated with Sublime Text, which is arguably a "very good editor".

Or is that not what you mean?

<comment><USER30> Probably to be read as (very good) (editor integration) rather than (very good editor) integration.

<comment><USER28> Yes that's what I meant. Thanks :)

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER31> Congrats! I know what I'm doing at work tomorrow :) Does it have gitflow support built in? Also just FYI the main page shows a "download for Mac" button in iOS Safari, I almost thought it was Mac-only until I went to the Download page. Maybe the front download link should autodetect the platform but also give you the option/drop-down to select another? Or at least make it obvious that it isn't the only platform. Cheers

</comment><comment><USER32> I will try it out immediately, but I am surprised GitSavvy[1] was not even mentioned in this thread. It's by far my everyday package, and it fits very nicely. It's the only thing in a way of really wanting this.

[1]: [https://github.com/divmain/GitSavvy](https://github.com/divmain/GitSavvy)

<comment><USER33> GittySavvy is excellent.

</comment></comment><comment><USER34> Looks great! I was using Fork before, but prefer the clean UI of Sublime Merge so far.

Here's how to create a shortcut to the smerge command (Mac), which I didn't see documented anywhere:

ln -s "/Applications/Sublime Merge.app/Contents/SharedSupport/bin/smerge" /usr/local/bin/smerge

<comment><USER35> You could cut out the middleman by adding "/Applications/Sublime Merge.app/Contents/SharedSupport/bin" to your PATH.

<comment><USER34> Makes sense, thanks!

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER36> I hope the Homebrew team merges this soon — [https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew- cask/pull/52246](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask/pull/52246)

That being said, I already downloaded the DMG archive and have been using it for the last hour.

</comment><comment><USER37> Very nice. Fast and responsive, unlike most of the Git clients I know. And the new preferences UI is pretty cool.

A couple questions:

* Can I add custom themes from my Sublime Text installation? How about color schemes?

* Are there plans for plugin support?

* Is there a development channel?

* Have you thought about adding tabs?

* Have you considered showing previews of binary files?

<comment><AUTHOR> Custom themes are supported (although not in the evaluation version), however Sublime Text themes will need to be adapted to work in Sublime Merge: there's quite a bit more to the UI here, and the controls to target are quite different. Likewise with color schemes, as long as they define the new diff scopes, color schemes can be used, however none of the existing ones will yet. Syntax definitions, on the other hand, don't need any changes, and any you have installed for Sublime Text will be picked up automatically by Sublime Merge.

Plugin support is on the roadmap, and tabs will be added if that's what the user feedback asks for.

There's no dev channel yet, but we'll be adding one soon.

<comment><USER38> Cmd+T/1/2/... for tab will be great and it is one of main consideration for my workflow. Btw, nice work!

Edit: Attach an image to explain why: [https://twitter.com/Edditoria/status/1043481201443368960](https://twitter.com/Edditoria/status/1043481201443368960)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER39> Hi Jon,

On windows it treats .gitignore patterns as case-sensitive which differs from how git itself behaves.

<comment><AUTHOR> Thanks for the report, I'll get it addressed

</comment></comment><comment><USER40> For me the one and only GUI for Git, is GitUp: [https://gitup.co](https://gitup.co).

<comment><USER41> GitUp is cool, I particularly love the graph view. It has almost no functionality though. You can't three-way-merge and resolve conflicts in it, nor browse the file tree for any given commit, nor compare any two commits.

<comment><USER42> It is the only git client I know that makes polishing the commit history (i.e. moving commits around, splitting(!), rewording, editing) pleasant. If only it was available on Windows too...

<comment><USER43> Have you tried Magit?

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER44> I can't figure out how to configure SSH key or where to find a documentation for the settings file :(

EDIT: Ok I found out it just takes the SSH key from ~/.ssh

But now it complains about C:\\\Program Files\\\Sublime Merge \\\ssh-askpass- sublime.exe missing.

<comment><AUTHOR> Sorry about that - I missed a part in our Windows installer, and ssh-askpass- sublime.exe isn't being installed. This will be resolved in the next day or two, in the mean time the portable version has it - [https://www.sublimemerge.com/download](https://www.sublimemerge.com/download)

</comment></comment><comment><USER45> I installed the binaries in linux and it didn't automatically find sublime_text. This should help if you're trying to use another editor too.

~/.config/sublime-merge/Packages/User/Preferences.sublime-settings

{ "editor_argument_format": "${file}:${line}:${col}", "editor_path": "/home/<user>/apps/bin/sublime_text" }

or if sublime_text is in your path.

        "editor_path": "sublime_text"

</comment><comment><USER46> @jskinner can we run the 3-way merge tool from command line, i.e to set it as a `git mergetool` ?

<comment><AUTHOR> It's not exposed via the command line right now

</comment></comment><comment><USER47> One thing I really miss with diff tools like this, is the ability to review multiple non-consecutive commits on a single branch, without including all commits in-between.

Example, lets say I want to review commit A and D: HEAD - A - B - C - D - E...

In most diff/review tools, when I select these commits in the GUI, it would show me all changes that have been made in commit A, B, C and D. What I actually want is for the viewer to filter out or atleast distinguish between the changes made in commits I selected, and the commits that are made in- between (in this case, B and C). This could of course lead to conflicts where the commits in-between have modified the same lines of code, but I really don't think this is a problem in 99% of the time.

This would really help the review workflow in scenarios where branching and pull request are not always used.

Too often, I have put down the time to review a single commit, only to find out that the next commit in the same task already fixed the things I noted in the first. reviewing both of them at the same time would save a lot of time.

</comment><comment><USER48> I really couldn't parse the article title: "Sublime Merge - Git, Done Sublime". I think the correct grammar would be "Sublime Merge - Git, Done Sublimely".

That aside, I'm about to try it out. Looking forward to a less CPU intensive git client than Sourcetree. So tired of the constant flickering of the unstaged files view in Sourcetree.

</comment><comment><USER31> Feedback: The first time I switched to the Search view, it was extremely non- intuitive how to get back to the main view. It took me a little bit to figure out that the main view is at Navigate>Go To Commit Changes. Maybe this selection could be moved below the divider so it's a little more obvious that it's related to the other options in that section? Or make the Search view an overlay kind of like Blame so there's a visual affordance suggesting what to click to back out of the view? It took me a good while to figure out that I could get from Search view back to Commit view by clicking on one of the Branches in the Location bar (and if you have that hidden then I don't think there's any GUI-click way to back out of Search view?). Hope this makes sense!

<comment><AUTHOR> FWIW you can also press the Search icon/key binding again to get out of it, or use the Back button on the toolbar. I agree that it's not at all obvious from a visual point view - I'll see what we can do.

<comment><USER31> I think what made it a little less intuitive is that the very first time I got to Search using the menu dropdown instead of the Search Icon (at that point I hadn't even noticed that there was a search icon). If I had switch to the Search view the first time using the icon, it might have been a little more obvious to me that I could back out by clicking it again.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER49> This looks really good. I'm trying it out now, and my main immediate pain point is that there is too little visual separation between staged and unstaged files. A horizontal divider or a slight change in background color could be useful.

</comment><comment><USER50> For direct integrations there is already a tool called Sublimerge ([https://www.sublimerge.com/](https://www.sublimerge.com/)) (I am not affiliated with this team), anyone compared the two? If it's a merge tool is not integrated directly with the editor, it's not as useful.

On a side note, the competition for this sector of market, for sublime and such is much tougher, like atom and vscode being "free" to use. The one thing that hinders definitely, is the amount of third-party packages available.

</comment><comment><USER51> I use SourceTree almost _solely_ for its "Split View Staging" feature, where a line or hunk can be moved between the two states and the entire bit you're about to commit can be viewed independently of other working copy changes.

Fits my mental model _so well_ , but is apparently considered too complicated for most other git clients such as GitHub Desktop and Tower.

From the animation, Sublime Merge seems to have Staged/Unstaged areas? Will definitely try this out, as SourceTree is otherwise bloated, slow, and missing critical features.

<comment><USER52> I've been pretty happy with SourceTree, despite a few minor annoyances. What missing features are you thinking of?

<comment><USER51> The big one for me is deleting multiple branches! I want to Shift-Click to select a bunch, and then delete them. Doesn't work, despite several UIs in SourceTree where it should.

<comment><USER52> Ok actually, yeah. That has been one of the biggest pain points for me too.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER53> @jskinner We need a built-in console/terminal and better Javascript intellisense for Sublime text; I hope the Sublime Merge and Sublime Text will fit together perfectly. All the best.

<comment><USER35> This has already set a high bar for a terminal inside Sublime: [https://github.com/randy3k/Terminus](https://github.com/randy3k/Terminus)

</comment></comment><comment><USER54> Whenever I try to do something I get an error: xcrun: error: invalid active developer path (some path here), missing xcrun at: some other path here

<comment><AUTHOR> We use the system Git by default on Mac if it's installed, but it sounds like that's not working for you. If you set your git_binary preference to "bundled", we'll use the one that comes with Sublime Merge instead.

</comment></comment><comment><USER55> I've been using Tower but I may switch to this since Tower switched to a subscription model and I'm a fan of Sublime Text.

<comment><USER56> Like sibling commenter, I'm right with you because I am dubious of Tower's pay-to-play subscription model.

Sublime Merge implements cash cow subscription (paid license works in perpetuity and grants updates for a specified time period). [0] This is more acceptable for those concerned about losing access to tools due to an expired license.

Cash cow licensing provides a good balance between the developer and user where the developer has strong incentive to actually improve the product and the user the power to decide if paying for an updated version is worth it.

With pay-to-pay, one's tools are effectively held hostage regardless of the value of available updates.

[0] [https://medium.com/@drewmccormack/a-cash-cow-is-on-the- agend...](https://medium.com/@drewmccormack/a-cash-cow-is-on-the- agenda-138a11995595)

</comment></comment><comment><USER57> Super excited by a three-way merge tool, it's the thing I find most lacking in Atom and one of the great things about IntelliJ.

<comment><USER58> My favorite for clarity was always Meld: [http://meldmerge.org/](http://meldmerge.org/)

</comment></comment><comment><USER59> First impressions, it's quite nice, super snappy as promised.

I normally use SmartGit, which is also quite snappy, though is a bit clumsy with its windows. But I think SmartGit still has quite a bit of an edge when it comes to presenting diffs and the branching history at the moment.

I'll give it a go for a bit though and see if it grows on me

</comment><comment><USER60> Looks very nice. Congrats on launching.

Quite timely VS Code released this week: [https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=GitHub.v...](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=GitHub.vscode- pull-request-github&WT.mc_id=social-twitter3-sdras)

<comment><USER61> This looks great. would love to see it in other editors.

</comment></comment><comment><USER62> How do I filter the visual branch view to only display the commits from the branch I've selected or highlighted? Fork has a filter icon for this, and Tower does this by default (preferred).

My repo at work has a lot of branches and contributors so I really only want to see a linear history of my branch.

</comment><comment><USER61> First impressions I really like it. Excited to do my next merge conflict with it.

Well done Jon and Sublime team.

</comment><comment><USER63> Wow this looks awesome. Maybe I can finally stop using PhpStorm for git and nothing else.

</comment><comment><USER22> Already one of the best git clients out there. The snappy feel makes it a joy to go back in time and track the changes and understand more about the entire codebase.

To me, this is an underrated element required in understanding the lifespan of a codebase.

</comment><comment><USER64> Hello Jon, congratulations on Sublime Merge. ST has been my preferred editor for as long as I can remember.

I'm trying out Sublime Merge, but it seems my git hooks aren't been called. Am I the only one experiencing this? A feature or a bug?

<comment><AUTHOR> Git hooks will be run, as all mutating actions go through git itself, however pre-commit hooks may not work as you expect with this setup. When you commit via Sublime Merge, it's doing a git commit -m "...", which works differently with git hooks than a plain git commit.

</comment></comment><comment><USER65> How does this compare to Magit?

</comment><comment><USER66> Thanks for this really. I never understoon any of the Git Clients and I never has been interested to learning or using them. Sublime Merge is different though. It has enough UI, and you still feel in control. It makes sense.

</comment><comment><USER35> Bet there was some gnashing about how to name this. Sublime Merge makes it sound like it's in the established genre of general text diffing/merging application, rather than a git GUI.

Regardless, personally very likely to use this!

</comment><comment><USER67> I would definitely love to have tabs for multiple repositories. Source tree on windows has this which is great for managing lots of different projects, but infuriatingly on osx sourcetree has one window for each project.

<comment><USER42> Ctrl+Shift+O to switch repositories mostly works for me.

If only SM remembered the exact view that was open in the repository you re- open and made the name of the currently open repo more prominent - I would be happy to give up the visual tabs.

</comment></comment><comment><USER12> Another piece of feedback

\- When I stage my lines, it is not obvious where the actual staging is as it just seems to disappear. In SourceTree there is a very clear 'split view' between the change and staged files.

</comment><comment><USER68> This looks very interesting! But I don't know that the "Review Better" video is trying to show, maybe the playback is buggy, because all I can see is that the code panel is resized?

</comment><comment><USER69> Since using Atom for years now I am not up2date in regards to Sublime Text. Does it have a Git integration, or is this the tool that should be used instead of a editor integration?

<comment><USER15> No built-in integration afaik. There are plugins to issue git commands and see line diffs in the gutter.

</comment></comment><comment><USER70> One possible issue, I've got a file showing in "Untracked Files" which is not shown when do git status

That aside, I like this a lot, and normally I only use the git command line.

<comment><USER71> I had a bunch of files showing as untracked. Looks like Sublime Merge is not ignoring files listed in the global .gitignore.

</comment></comment><comment><USER72> Looks nice but what I really want is a native client that works with github PRs. I know this was probably a design decision to remain a git client not a github one but still.

<comment><USER73> It should have an option to install a Github-plugin for integration, maybe a bitbucket and gitlab ones too if feasible.

</comment></comment><comment><USER74> Doesn't scale on HiDPI on Linux. Increasing font size only makes a part of the app readable and there is no zoom in/zoom out functionality that I could find. :(

<comment><AUTHOR> We pick up the default GTK dpi settings, and if that's not suitable, you can use the dpi_scale setting to set it specifically (you'll have to restart Sublime Merge after changing it though).

I run Sublime Merge on high dpi screen under Linux every day FWIW.

</comment></comment><comment><USER75> Sublime Merge looks a lot like SourceTree from the approach it takes. Must say that I'm happy with SourceTree after having had a slow start...

</comment><comment><USER76> Hey Jon, Sublime Team.

Is there a way to make the "Staged Files" view appear at the top of the tool? Preferably above "Working Directory" ?

<comment><AUTHOR> It's not configurable, but you can click on the "Working Directory" head to collapse all the files there, which will make seeing the Staged changes easier

</comment></comment><comment><USER61> Jon,

I am excited about this and have downloaded it.

This product aside I really like sublime text so hope you have a positive roadmap in mind for that too.

</comment><comment><USER77> I've only gotten to play with it for a short while, but does it handle GitHub Enterprise repos as well?

</comment><comment><USER78> Is it possible to use this outside of the context of Git? Such as diffing 2 different files or directories?

</comment><comment><USER79> >You can also hover over most buttons to see which git command it will run.

I really like this feature.

</comment><comment><USER80> How does it compare to Fork? My currently favorite Git client.

<comment><USER61> Never heard of it before. It looks good. Is it really free?

<comment><USER80> I certainly never paid nor have I been asked to pay. It works great for me. /shrugs

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER81> Beautiful as expected Jon, thanks.

Your UI kit feels really nice, good job.

</comment><comment><USER82> Is it possible to amend the last commit in Sublime Merge?

<comment><USER20> yes, there is a (dropdown) button on the right of the commit button

</comment></comment><comment><USER83> Looking forward to trying this out.

Sublime editor is incredibly fast.

</comment><comment><USER84> Finally, a decent git GUI for Linux. More please.

</comment><comment><USER85> Is there anything worse than having to develop with people who can only use Git via a UI? It pretty much by definition means they have zero grasp on the fundamental concepts of Git.

</comment><comment><USER86> How does it compare against GitKraken?

<comment><USER37> Well, for one, GitKraken is Electron while the Sublime tools are native C++. So I'd expect faster performance.

<comment><USER86> I remember something about Sublime being written in Python? Also I'm more curious about the feature set. The performance argument can be made again for Sublime vs VSCode. Doesn't matter to me because I've switched from Sublime to VSCode a long time ago.

I care about features the most, not if the app will open in 0.5s or 3s

<comment><USER36> > _I remember something about Sublime being written in Python?_

SublimeText is written in C++ with the "Skia Graphics Library" for the UI.

It exposes an Python API to extend the functionality via 3rd-party packages.

> _I care about features the most, not if the app will open in 0.5s or 3s_

Opening is not the only performance gain you will get for using a software written with native libraries.

You get faster overall operations in comparison with a program like GitKraken that needs to allocate several chunks of memory to execute simple tasks. It always baffles me when people use the startup time of a program as a mean to explain why they prefer using it over others. Electron-based applications are —overall— not performant. It's impossible to get good performance out of Electron because it sits on top of a web browser that is known to hug significant amount of memory from your entire system.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER87> "Evaluate for free" \- dead

</comment><comment><USER88> Is there a way to diff 2 branches?

<comment><USER89> You can ctrl+click to select two commits (from different branches) which are then diffed against each other. You cannot select branches in the sidebar directly like this, however.

</comment></comment><comment><USER90> it would be nice to put a label to mark the 'HEAD' commit

</comment><comment><USER91> +1 for Stage Lines

</comment><comment><USER92> This looks pretty good! Maybe this is a good time to air some complaints about all of these Git UIs.

The approach of every single Git app that I've encountered is to present the _history_ as the entry point to working with a project. Maybe I'm a weirdo, but that's not how I primarily work with git, and while having such a history view is critical, I'd like a tool that actually doesn't do that as its main mode of operation.

Instead, I'd like a tool that has a _file-oriented_ approach. Which is to say that it should show uncommitted changes as a file tree browser that either shows the entire tree (with icons, colours or whatever to indicate what is changed) or the subset which has changed. This should be a tree browser where you can click on a single file to view its diff.

The other thing that these Git apps do badly is diff display. Sublime Merge can be forgiven for doing a simple colourized vertical view in its first public release, but other tools can't. The best diff browser I've seen is Eclipse (which I haven't used in a decade, but still miss at times), which coincidentally implements the same UI metaphor. Take a look at this screenshot:

[https://i.ytimg.com/vi/-Jdu__jEnFw/maxresdefault.jpg](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/-Jdu__jEnFw/maxresdefault.jpg)

Note the left pane, which is the file tree. It's only showing changes.

Note the top right panel, which shows a _semantic_ change tree of your file. If Eclipse understands the structure of your file, then it can show the changes by class, method and so on. It's really nice.

Thirdly, note the diff view, which is a side-by-side view which is visually _really_ good at correlating blocks of changes. Many side-by-side differs will keep the two views vertically synchronized by inserting blank space. Not Eclipse! There's no blank space; instead, Eclipse uses the Bezier lines to indicate which block on the left side corresponds to the block on the right side, and these lines are updated as you scroll. Here's a video from someone using the UI:

[https://youtu.be/KfeqnernMmE?t=807](https://youtu.be/KfeqnernMmE?t=807)

Eclipse isn't/wasn't a beautiful app, but it _nails_ the diff view.

The important thing is that you don't get the _entire_ project diff in a single view, which is what Sublime Merge does if you go into either the "unstaged files" panel or a commit, but you get a concise file overview, and only see the diff for one file at a time. Doing it the way I describe above doesn't _preclude_ being able to see the diff for a whole tree in a single pane, but it shouldn't be the default.

<comment><USER93> I know this is for windows only but you might check out [https://tortoisegit.org/](https://tortoisegit.org/) it has shell integration that lets you see what each files status. I think this is what your describing.

<comment><USER92> I don't use Windows, but from what I can see from screenshots, TortoiseGit doesn't do anything I described except show file status, which most IDEs (e.g. Visual Studio Code) already do.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER94> Looks great Jon, happy you are expanding the Sublime family.

Can I suggest Sublime Terminal as a possible addition? I'd happily pay for a decent terminal experience on Windows and with your cross platform toolkit it looks like you could deliver that. ConEmu et al just don't do it for me.

<comment><USER89> I would keep an eye out on alacritty. It's a blazingly fast gpu-accelerared terminal emulator for Unix (currently) written in rust. According to their 0.2.0 announcement post, where they added scrollback support, Windows is next on the Roadmap.

<comment><USER94> Thanks, I think I'd seen this one in the past but had ruled it out due to no Windows support (at the time).

Edit: Ah, also "doesn't have features such as tabs" ruled it out for me.

<comment><USER95> > doesn't have features such as tabs

The _lack_ of tabs is a feature for some of us. After all, why have tabs when you can have tmux? :)

<comment><USER96> I needs to connects to multiple servers at the same time, and tmux sessions shouldn't be stacked. How can I do that without tabs?

<comment><USER97> If you have 2 tmux servers with different hotkeys you can totally nest them safely. I have a different hotkey prefix for my machine and then leave the default for servers. Works great!

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER98> Awesome! This would be handy and can avoid the heavy sourcetree (atleast on windows!)

</comment><comment><USER99> 99$ for a git client. Nice joke.

<comment><USER100> You are a software developer who doesn't respect the value of good software?

<comment><USER99> It's not worth $99. Maybe $5, maximum $10. But not $99.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER101> I wanted to like this, downloaded opened and tried to change to the dark theme (you know same as my good old terminal) and you have to pay for it. rm -rf back to vi

</comment><comment><USER44> Is this made by the same team as sublime text?

<comment><USER102> How could you not see it ? ;-)

<comment><USER44> It would not be the first time someone making a Show HN with a similar name to some other popular app / service.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER103> No dark theme in the tryout version, that's evil. I love Sublime Text and I believe that Sublime Merge will surely do an exceptional job, but I love my eyes even more, so I'll pass this time.

<comment><USER104> I think the point of a tryout version is to make you buy the software.

<comment><USER26> The point of a tryout version is to _allow you to try_ the software, in order to make you buy the software.

For some people (e.g. people who have delayed sleep-phase syndrome), a dark theme is essentially an _accessibility_ requirement. They won't be able to _try_ the software if it doesn't have it.

Imagine a piece of software where the demo version doesn't have screen-reader support. Would that make sense? How do you expect a blind person demo the software?

<comment><USER104> Well, I haven't tried the software, and won't, since I all my needs are already met and I tend to avoid proprietary software anyway. Nevertheless, I think this is a clever strategy from Jon Skinner and his team.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER105> $99 for this?

When there's git cli, magit, fugitive (which you should be using if you're really really in need of a GUI (and which is also better than whatever the demo is showing))?

I'm all for paying for your tooling if you can afford it but overcharging much?

<comment><USER106> It is essentially free unless you want the ability to customize the colours. This is even more generous than SublimeText. Not even nagging popups.

<comment><USER107> Nope, there are popups just like in ST. But good people will purchase a license, so that's not a problem, right? ;)</comment></comment></comment>


3D printing: The PC all over again?  - <AUTHOR> http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2012/09/3d-printing?fsrc=scn/tw_ec/difference_engine_the_pc_all_over_again_ <comment><USER3> Honest question: what can average people use 3d printers for realistically? Every time I read more - I want one. But then I try and figure out what kind of thing I'd print. Besides custom chess pieces and my own Legos - am I missing anything? Or are they just for engineers, "builders", and architects.

I know they're expensive now - but lets assume they come down to ~$500 (price point where tablets took off).

<comment><USER4> I think the greatest use case isn't printing stand-alone objects, but rather replacement parts for existing products. Say, your laptop screen hinge breaks. Instead of ordering a new one from the manufacturer, you could print your own replacement at home.

<comment><USER5> That won't be the case until 3D modeling tools get much easier to use. Current 3D modeling tools are either expensive, or hard to use. In addition, most average people aren't versed in thinking about objects in 3D in their minds. There are software like Matterport, where you can scan things, but until you can scan the broken parts, and "glue" it together in software easily, this won't happen.

It's like saying the greatest use case for computers is that you can program your own accounting program to do your own taxes. No. I went to the computer history museum, and they had a model of "easy to use" computer for moms in the kitchen. What was on the controls? Loading and unloading registers. They were completely off the mark on that one.

Chances are, it'll enable makers to offer services that have a real world component that other people can order easily, and enable new kinds of behavior.

<comment><USER6> I know several kids who have, on their own, discovered and learned how to use SketchUp, without anything like access to a 3d printer as motivation - just a fascination with the idea of building virtual objects. It's a severely limited tool, but that's not enough of a turn-off to prevent them from learning the basics of 3d modeling. Since completed models can be readily shared amongst those who use 3d printers, I think it's safe to say that a lack of competent 3d modelers won't be a limiting factor for the growth of 3d printing. And as 3d printers become more affordable, the market for better affordable CAD tools with absolutely explode, with SketchUp racing to add more advanced features, and companies like SolidWorks trying to find a way to release an affordable product without completely cannibalizing their existing business model.

<comment><USER5> I don't doubt the kids will pick it up quickly, just as kids picked up programming in the computer's early days.

But to the originally stated use case of fixing broken parts, I don't think that will happen as kids aren't usually running around fixing parts. And for the rest of us, only some of us have enough umph to learn how to 3D model. The vast majority need something easier to make the fixing broken parts scenario a reality.

However, I guess I can see a scenario where older people hire kids to fix parts, like how older people hired kids to do websites in the 90's.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> I can't think of regular uses I'd have for present-day 3D printers, but I do appreciate the "1970s affordable microcomputer" comparison. I'd have a hard time thinking of an use for an Altair 8800 too.

Printing clothes would be one killer app for me (everyone needs them, they wear out, the design variety space is huge), but I don't see how you'd go from the current tech into something that can do clothes.

<comment><USER8> I don't see why it should be that hard. There are already those machines that make the material. You just need to make one that can take a virtual model from the PC and "build it".

<comment><USER7> The "building it" for clothes currently involves cutting and sewing the material. I don't see how that would be very easy to do with a machine with anywhere close to as few degrees of freedom as a 3D printer.

I suppose you could try to make the thing extrude the cloth already weaved in a closed loop, like doing a sock by extruding concentric woven circles and tapering them off to the tip. Then if you could split the circle into two or three you could try to do shirts and pants.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER9> It's so tempting to say this is just sensationalist hyperbole...but go watch the beginning of "Pirates of Silicon Valley"...the parallels are uncanny.

<comment><USER5> Well, you have to be skeptical for the right reasons. It is true there's both lots of hype and cynicism.

3D printing parallels computers in many ways, but it's important to see how it is different as well. Unlike computers, I currently can't see anything resembling Moore's law. In addition, it may have some version of the "Singer Problem". When sewing machines came out, you could have claimed that everyone would make their own clothes. But we don't. Why don't we?

Or when camcorders first came out in the early 80's, some people were enthused about being able to record their own shows, and talked about how it was going to disrupt traditional media. However, the missing piece they failed to take into account was that there was no method of distribution. It wasn't until Youtube came along that this vision came to be.

That said, I'm enthused about its possibilities. I've got a printer at home, and I've been exploring what it's good for, and so far, I'm optimistic.

<comment><USER10> _When sewing machines came out, you could have claimed that everyone would make their own clothes. But we don't. Why don't we?_

Because making your own clothes still takes bloody ages and a lot of expertise. I've attempted to learn both 3D modeling and clothesmaking in the past, and IMO, 3D modeling was easier. And even a skilled amateur tailor takes a couple of days to make a dress or a suit-equivalent.

If 3D printing only makes Making as easy as tailoring, it's not going to get very far very fast. If it makes it as easy as assembling IKEA furniture, though, we're off to the races.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER11> Has anyone seen this ? it claims to print at 25 microns res & its founders have an impressive pedigree.

[http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/formlabs/form-1-an- affor...](http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/formlabs/form-1-an-affordable- professional-3d-printer?ref=live)

I have no connection whatsoever to the project besides being a 3D printing enthusiast.

<comment><USER12> This printer uses photolithography vs FDM used by reprap and makerbot - <USER2> works by using a laser to solidify photopolymer. These printers are capable of very high resoltion, but the downside is that their substrate can cost hundreds of dollars / liter.

<comment><USER13> Current cost for the Form 1 substrate is ~$150/liter.

<comment><USER6> And a quick check shows ABS filament at about $40/L.

<comment><USER14> And 4 pounds of small ABS pellets from ebay is $15.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER15> Are there any 3D printers that can print, amongst other substrates, conductive layers? It would open up a whole world of 3D chip design to amateurs.

<comment><USER5> Yes. The reprappers are making strides in this direction. There's also conductive ABS plastic.

<http://www.repraper.com/goods.php?id=172>

<http://blog.reprap.org/search/label/Printing%20Conductors>

[http://blog.reprap.org/2012/04/some-more-printed- circuitry.h...](http://blog.reprap.org/2012/04/some-more-printed- circuitry.html)

However, you're thinking too far ahead. The current home printers don't have the resolution to print circuits on the scale of a chip. You could probably do it, but the chip would be basic, and quite big and slow.

<comment><USER16> I'm quite willing to settle for just printing PCBs at home. There are low- volume PCB printing services but they are still quite expensive, not to mention slow to turn around. There is a strong space here for a 3D printer to come in.

<comment><USER17> Milling seems like a better bet (than printing) for home PCBs without the etching. It's cheaper and more accurate, like this one:

[http://www.coolcomponents.co.uk/catalog/imodela-milling- mach...](http://www.coolcomponents.co.uk/catalog/imodela-milling- machine-p-1011.html)

Downside is that there's no solder resist, so SMT parts would be tricky/impossible to solder. Also the above model only handles tiny boards — something that can do a standard 160x100 mm eurocard would be nice.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER18> Personally, I think that the 3D printer fad is going to sideline itself before it ever reaches court in any significant way. Why, you ask?

Because people are lazy. I see farmers using these, I see clever immigrants and poor nations, sure.

But mainstream middle America? Probably not. How many people have a home lathe, mill, or drill press? Hell, how many even have basic power tools (circular saw, hand drill, jigsaw, and so on)?

How many people write code for the machines they own? The computer (despite how we may treat it even today) is hardly new technology, nor two decades later is the Internet.

I'm sorry to be such a downer, but I think that the vast consumerist masses will probably not ride a fleet of these gizmos into a post-scarcity future.

:(

<comment><USER19> I have a different view on this. Future manufacturing is 90% 3D Printing. But its not about printing at your house. You get your orders printed at local mall and shops that has the right equipment (Only raw materials transported).

<comment><USER18> This makes a great deal of sense to me--I imagine on-demand manufacturing working very well, outside of the home, for the reasons that I think it won't be popular inside the home: somebody else does the work.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER20> I'll buy a 3D printer when I can print all the pieces to build a Nerf N-Strike Elite Hail Fire <http://s831.us/hail-fire> for under forty dollars worth of materials and it can be printed and assembled in under three hours.

I picked this item because it was featured in the Wired magazine article right after their "3D printers are the next PC" article.

<comment><USER21> I'm similar, except replace 'Nerf N-Strike Elite Hail Fire' with '3D printer' (and I'm a bit more flexible on raw materials cost).

</comment></comment><comment><USER22> 3D printers will get fast. We don't think twice about printing on paper now; in the future you'll print out a recyclable mug for your morning coffee. Why have cabinets full of dishes when you can print a custom color set for tonights dinner? Wash and recycle, no storage needed.

<comment><USER10> Mugs? Ooh, now, this is interesting.

2 questions:

1) Can an affordable 3D printer actually print a mug that's safe to drink out of? (Doesn't leech nasty chemicals into your coffee, doesn't melt and dump boiling tea on your genital area?)

2) Are there any 3D printers that can also paint the surface of what they print yet?

</comment></comment><comment><USER23> So, they're saying that the 3D printer is like the PC in that it's one big piracy box?

I'm disappointed, but I guess all the speculation about how the 3D printer will change our lives for the better has been covered by now.

</comment><comment><USER24> question/poll: at what price point will you buy a 3d printer for your home?

<comment><USER25> For me it was the 500 dollar mark. So far it's managed to make some trinkets and a car part that didn't exist but I needed to fix the electrical system in a 20 year old car. I wouldn't say it's "paid for itself" yet but it's certainly such an interesting thing that I don't mind.

<comment><USER26> "Was"? Where can you find one at the $500 mark?

<comment><USER25> Was because I own one now, so the question of where it has to fall is already answered.

I got in on the kickstarter for the printrbot and got it at $500, they sell in the store at $550 now [1][2]. Though apparently only the woodcut versions.

They do however have the [3] Jr version that's only $399 but I have NO idea how well it works.

[1] <https://printrbot.com/shop/printrbot-lc/> [2] <https://printrbot.com/shop/printrbot/> [3] <https://printrbot.com/shop/printrbot-jr/>

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER27> I want one food printer.

<comment><USER28> Yeah, one which can print gummy bears :)</comment></comment>


New Dell XPS 17 now available for purchase - <AUTHOR> https://www.dell.com/en-us/shop/dell-laptops/new-xps-17-laptop/spd/xps-17-9700-laptop <comment><USER2> Thanks for posting. Just bought it. I have an XPS 13 (project sputnik) from a while back and I'm currently using an XPS 15. I've been pretty happy with the XPS line. They're pretty good developer devices.</comment>


A love letter to MIT - <AUTHOR> http://tech.mit.edu/V132/N35/loveletter.html <comment><USER2> I attended college in Boston at a different, much less prestigious institution. After wandering around the MIT campus a handful of times, I began to wonder if there was any way I could possibly get involved in the ecosystem. So that fall, I volunteered to help run the annual business plan competition and was accepted on the organizing team without any questions.

Over the course of the next 3 years I became more and more involved at MIT, helping run other student organizations and attending as many talks and events as I could. I can honestly say that no one ever snubbed me or looked down on me for not being an MIT student, and that I truly felt like one of their own. If I ever see significant success in this life, I look forward to being able to repay the debt I owe to this marvelous institution. MIT truly is a special place.

</comment><comment><USER3> A lot of this rings true to my memory of grad student days at MIT. For example, MIT libraries were open, but I wasn't even allowed to browse the stacks in some of Harvard's libraries-- let alone to check out a book.

In my memory, one of the things MIT did very well was avoiding barriers between academic departments. They had lots of research groups comprising professors and students from multiple fields, and there were no limits on what classes you could take based on what department you were in. (When I moved to Berkeley a few years later, I was surprised to discover I couldn't take a class in the journalism school unless I was enrolled as a journalism student.)

On the other hand, MIT did somewhat cultivate an exclusive attitude among its students-- particularly the undergrads. During my time there, I felt there was a pervasive strain of "We're the best in the world..." getting shaded into "...therefore nobody else is any good." I imagine if I had gone there after attending Harvard, I wouldn't have noticed so much, but as a midwesterner whose prior academic experience was at University of Cincinnati, it did seem to me that MIT spent a lot of time stroking the egos of its community.

<comment><USER4> Other aspects of the institute do a pretty good job of putting those egos back down.

<comment><USER3> Yes, they do. And the "Tute culture can be perversely proud of those, too.

But I don't want to give the impression I didn't like it there. Those were, in many ways, the best years of my life, and MIT culture contributed strongly to that.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> I did not go to MIT; heck I haven't been to the States. But, this post does really warm my heart!

I am about to graduate from an elite Indian university and I can only gasp at the vast difference. Restrictions on what courses you can take up as electives, exams that many a times test only on memory, the end goal to academics is to land a decent job, subpar internet access, etc.

But, I have benefitted greatly from MIT's OCW. I haven't signed up for any course on edX but have religiously completed a couple of courses on Udacity and eagerly waiting for NLP to commence on Coursera.

</comment><comment><USER6> I somehow managed to become a software engineer with narry a high school diploma, how? I had the good forture to be born to two recent MIT graduates who, during my childhood worked on campus. I wouldn't be me, or know what I know, were it not for how open and inspiring an environment that MIT fostered.

<comment><USER7> That's quite interesting, did you ever end up attending college at all? What are you doing now, and what did your parents do?

<comment><USER6> I still haven't gotten around to going to college, don't think I ever will, unless I get bored and someone wants to take a PhD candidate with no formal education. Currently, I build websites and educational software for WGBH.

My parents, step-mom, and godparents (all MIT grads) have each held a number of eclectic jobs, from comptational biologist, to technical writer, to human/machine interface in college admission offices, to webmaster, to landscaper, to politician, to managing large philanthropic organizations.

What strikes me, is that in each of those jobs all of them have excelled, and MIT played no small part in the matter.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> Having gone to school in a small college town (UWaterloo), I always thought that 24hr open libraries and labs were the norm. I can't imagine not being able to work through the night on hard problems.

For MIT, such open policies must be more logistically challenging because they are close to a city. And my school never had the same culture of collaboration between departments and humble but famous professors.

<comment><USER9> I think by "open" we are not talking about hours here, but the fact that a non-MIT student can walk in off the street, wander the halls, use the libraries, and study in a classroom.

<comment><USER10> Waterloo is mostly that way as well. Classroom use is tricky - there tends to be lock up at night after cleaning staff go through, but outside of the research labs, there aren't many controlled access areas.

<comment><USER11> Though a case can be made that this is mostly irrelevant in Waterloo's case, as for all intents and purposes, everyone in Waterloo who might be interested in what Waterloo has to offer is a student at Waterloo.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER12> My school didn't lock doors and I had friends visit and be amazed at how every building was open to study and meet in. Unfortunately we did have to pay for printing. It is very easy to take these liminal spaces for granted and abuse privilege of access. Overtime students began to do drugs and abuse other things because of the "open" attitude. Buildings I used to stumble out of at 4am from studying in the summer time were now closed at 12:00AM during the semester.

It is nice to read someone else is aware of the power of access and space... I try not to forget there is an assumed privilege, responsibility, and level of maturity that comes with access.

<comment><USER13> Out of curiosity, where did you go?

</comment></comment><comment><USER14> In a time when I didn't really know what to study/learn, MIT OCW gave me a huge repository of credible and well-structured information. The SICP and intro to algorithms/data structures lectures were among the coolest introduction to computer science/programming, their physics class helped me study for the MCAT in college and I recall they had a very intuitive intro calculus class that made it click for me in a way my own university's class did not. I've gotten dozens, perhaps even over 100 hours of entertainment and enrichment from their FREE resources. A truly awesome institution.

</comment><comment><USER15> I now live very close to MIT and have experienced its openness and benefit to the community firsthand. I'm also thankful, however, that I could say many of the same things about my alma mater Berkeley. Something about these schools that foster this sort of love is very special. We should strive never to lose that.

Fiat Lux!

</comment><comment><USER16> What can organizations generally do to help cut down on "logistical hurdles to overcome"?

MIT makes available to all free printing and shuttles.

What can organizations generally do to help foster the sharing of information?

MIT encourages collaboration and their professors are accessible.

Of course, simply applying these tricks to an organization is doomed to fail. To do so would simply be to create a cargo cult.

What matters is the attitude with which you approach your organization. Your attitude is what drives the organizational experience.

<comment><USER17> Completely agree. The key point is not "applying" these traits, or treating them as "tricks," its simply that the professors there embody that ideal. As an undergrad, it was easy for me to grab 10 minutes of any professor's time, even if it wasn't related to their courses or study. A lot of my classes had over 300 students in them, yet that didn't keep a professor from meeting with me either.

<comment><USER16> How would you summarize MIT's attitude?

<comment><USER17> May sound corny, but I'd have to say "Fostering." If you show interest in something, be it knowledge about a subject or field (or entrepreneurship), they will always make sure you have all the resources you need. Part of this (and has been voiced in some of the other comments) is that they will never block you from learning or exploring something.

<comment><USER16> Fostering is a great word for the attitude we should strive for.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER18> My sisters went to non-MIT schools in Boston. While visiting as a curious high school student, I decided to go wander the MIT campus. All I have to do to be inspired is remember the sights I saw through all the open doorways.

</comment><comment><USER19> I'm wondering if the reason MIT can afford to trust its students so much is that it's recruiting the types of students with more of an internal drive, who aren't just trying to skate through college.

<comment><USER20> But it isn't just the students that they trust. I have never taken a course at MIT but I, too, can visit the libraries and roam the classrooms.

It's awesome.

</comment></comment><comment><USER21> All the stuff that is mentioned here is applicable to most of the US universities. At least the one I attended to, had similar open access to everything and an environment that fosters collaboration and innovation.

<comment><USER22> I just graduated from a mid-size university in the midwest. Engineering students pay $300-$500 per year (based on engineering credit hours) for "tech fee" which gets us unlimited printing and lab access basically. Open labs are virtually nonexistent with the exception of 2 small 24-hour labs around the printers. Engineers have 24-hour swipe card access, but other majors do not. It is not especially known for research, but about half of the professors are actively performing research and most are willing to talk to you about anything.

</comment></comment><comment><USER23> i feel the same way about stanford...but i went there so i don't know how open it really is.

<comment><USER24> The campus is fairly accessible. Including a number of seminars which are open to the public.

Other facilities, notably the library, not so much by reports.

<comment><USER23> yeah you can only get in with a student idea, and up to 7 times a year without one. I think it's a real shame because they have an amazing collection of up- to-date periodicals in there. Basically, any major newspaper & magazine from around the world is available the day after publication in the home country. Not sure how relevant it is in the age of ubiquitous online publications, but it's still nice. The green library also has a fabulous collection of old books.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER25> This makes me want to Doctorate there

</comment><comment><USER26> This name-dropping, panting puppy of an essay is pure garbage.

Did anyone else notice how many times the author mentioned free printing? Is it really that big a deal?

Perhaps MIT should adopt a new motto: "We offer free printing!!!"

And who cares who she dated or who she married? What self-indulgent tripe!

So MIT is more open than Harvard. Whoopdie fucking doo.

At lots of less "exclusive" universities access is really not an issue. They have open doors to their libraries, their buildings, and their classrooms to anyone who wants to drop by. There's no ID check except to check out library books or register for courses.

Is this really the best that can be said about MIT?

</comment><comment><USER27> Taken massively out of context:

 _From MIT, I've dated the […] wrong guys. […] I got to experience the fraternity life, being a "rush" girl, throwing rush week events, and taking childish jabs at other fraternities. I even lived at an MIT fraternity over a summer, as they [became] co-ed over the summer, and lived unofficially as a resident girlfriend [passed around???] during other times. You gave me the best times of my life at MIT. I got to party [what kind of parties???] with people […] and all the while had substance[s]. [I saw] your students […] from two o'clock a.m. to sunrise. [I] will be secretly thinking about all the people [I've] dated while [I'm] saying [my] wedding vows._

<comment><USER28> What value does any of this add?

<comment><USER27> Whatever.</comment></comment></comment>


The rise of digital brands using snail mail (2018) - <AUTHOR> https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2018/11/1/18048418/mail-marketing-coupons-away-casper-harrys-glossier <comment><USER2> I am fortunate. My snailmailbox is right next to the recycling bin, so it takes all of 15 seconds to sort through my mail and toss the junk into the bin.

I still wish I could automate that like I can for email, though!

</comment><comment><USER3> Because they are businesses and paper mail ads work</comment>


The Evolution Of The Deadline: From eBay - Groupon - Amazon - <AUTHOR> http://www.danielvitiello.com/2013/01/07/the-evolution-of-the-deadline/

<comment><USER2> Awesome thread! :)</comment>


Ask HN: How would you improve GitHub? - <AUTHOR> Github does web based repository hosting very well. There are still numerous changes that can be made to improve the overall experience of using the platform such as [1].
Most of the changes mentioned in [1], don't fundamentally change the experience of using Github. It still is essentially a git repo hosting platform.
Is there anything you would like that can improve the process of collaborating on code (such as an irc like chat integrated into Github)?
Fundamentally, how would you improve the process of collaborating on projects, not being limited to repo hosting?
Do you feel that the developer experience of collaborating on code is broken as there are multiple tools that we have to use such as Github for repo hosting, irc for discussions, mailing lists, audio/video chat when collaborating with a small team?
How can the the developer experience be improved with Github only being a part of the puzzle?
[1] https://github.com/dear-github/dear-github <comment><USER2> Add a way to manage blocking issues.

My company uses GitHub Enterprise and this was one of the major factors for us to migrate away from GitHub Issues to other platform (Phabricator). GitHub Issues works fine for tracking issues, but once the project has 30 people working on it, it's really hard to keep track of where things are.

Yes, you can just comment on the issue saying "Blocked by #123" but this is one way tracking (even when GitHub happily notify other issue that it was mentioned). Once #123 is closed, the issues blocked by it isn't becoming any more visible that it could now be worked on unless the person looking to work on the blocked issue also keep track of #123, or person closing #123 kind enough to notify the blocking task.

Having a proper blocking issue tracking also reduce the mental workload when someone ask "what's the status of this issue?" Trying to remember why an issue created 3 months ago couldn't be done isn't fun (even when you can re-read comments).

<comment><USER3> If it's any consolation, Jira's issue blocking feature is pretty broken too.

<comment><USER4> We added a column for "blocked" and I periodically check them out if I'm assigned. Works pretty well.

<comment><USER3> Our approach is similar (a red background label on the card), but it would be nice if completing a blocking story would automatically unblock those blocked by it. We do that manually and it gets out of sync due to humans.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> Account switching, please - or at the very least, let me log in from the front page!

As it is now, if I'm on my personal account and go to open up a private work repo, it takes SIX navigation events:

1\. Trying to hit the repo the first time

2\. Clicking the logo to go to the main page

3\. Logging out

4\. Clicking the login button to go to the login page

5\. Logging in

6\. Going back to the repo I wanted to see in the first place

I'd like to see a Google-style account switcher, where I just click a menu in the upper right, choose the account, and it reloads the page under that account. A simple thing that would make the site much more usable to those of us with multiple accounts (which I expect is quite a few people).

<comment><USER6> I've taken to using seperate _Chrome_ users to split personal / work, which might be a useful workaround.

<comment><USER7> You can use multifox for the same purpose if you use Mozilla.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER8> I'd like to see a more conventional bug-reporting scheme. The 'issue' mechanism is too confusing for typical users, because it presents all sorts of items that are unrelated to bug reporting, and it's ugly for developers, because so much of the browser screen area is taken up with whitespace and trivia.

It would be nice if the github site permitted users to set themes, including some that are substantially thinned-out.

<comment><USER9> Related: My favorite user style.

[https://userstyles.org/styles/37035/github- dark](https://userstyles.org/styles/37035/github-dark)

</comment></comment><comment><USER10> I don't even understand, why force-fit something and use it for what it is not for. Github is great for shared repository etc.,for devs to collaborate on code. I guess the issues feature is also great for open source repositories to be able to track issues that the devs know about etc, or raising a support issue. But, for internal teams doing dev, there are better tools out there which handle issue tracking well. They need not be linking to the code, but really for most of the issue tracking, there are other important things like to managing priorities, easy assignment, essentially you need a better filtering and a management system that not only devs, but every stakeholder involved can easily use. Github is for devs only (in my opinion). But, issue management involves every stakeholder, so it is best to have it outside of github.

</comment><comment><USER11> Fire all the "diversity" employees. You know what I'm talking about.

</comment><comment><USER12> Paginate pull requests. For the love of all that is holy, paginate pull requests. It's probably the main thing that frustrates the hell out of me when doing code reviews. Argh.

<comment><USER3> What do you mean? Do you normally have pages and pages of pull requests at one time?

<comment><USER12> If you have a lot of files or a lot of lines that get changed, eventually it just cuts off and says "Diff is too large" and won't show me the remaining files, so I have to do the diff manually at the command line. It sucks pretty bad.

(Note: our rules suggest small PRs, but occasionally, especially for large rewrites or large features, the PRs can be huge. Lack of pagination makes code reviews extremely difficult, since it just stops showing files, rather than saying "The rest of the files are on the next page.")

<comment><USER3> Interesting. We use GitLab which doesn't seem to have this limitation that I'm aware of. I've used it [GitLab] for PRs up to a few thousand lines.

<comment><USER13> We actually do show this when the diff is too large, but we're improving this with GitLab 8.10. In 8.10 diffs become collapsible, so you can choose to hide / show very large diffs for performance reasons [0] or to make it easier to walk through diffs with many files.

[0]: [https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab- ce/issues/14103](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/14103)

<comment><USER3> I stand corrected, in the best possible way. How exactly does GitLab define "large diff" anyway?

<comment><USER13> A large diff has 100 files / 5000 lines in total. A single large file is >=5KB.

</comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER6> > Do you feel that the developer experience of collaborating on code is broken > as there are multiple tools that we have to use such as Github for repo > hosting, irc for discussions, mailing lists, audio/video chat when > collaborating with a small team?

Not broken per se, but it's more friction and less tightly integrated. Although I'm not actually after better social tools myself - I'm more interested in CI integration.

I've tried travis in the past on github for C# projects - and immediately hit their mono installation not supporting even _building_ my MSTest projects. Now I'm using gitlab for their CI integration - their runner model may be way simpler for the purposes of building (I just feed it shell scripts I write myself), and in practice requires me to admin my own servers for private on- windows CI builds, but I was going to have to do that anyways. (Also, several of them are just my workstations configured to run CI builds in the background.) And it works. Even better, the build status gets nicely integrated into the commit history.

</comment><comment><USER3> A way to see the SLOC for a repo.

It helps me realize how much time I might need to dive into and start understanding it. Some packages look deceptively large from boilerplate but really have just a couple hundred lines of real code. Others have everything in one or just a couple files but with many thousands of lines.

</comment><comment><USER14> I work in QA for a startup doing web development. My bosses seem to refuse using a better bug tracking/organizing system. There are some improvements I would suggest for organization.

1\. The search function is abysmal. If I search for "cats", it will not also find "cat".

2\. If someone leaves the company they are turned into "ghost". That wouldn't be an issue except that you can't search or sort by ghost which means that everything assigned to them now has to be manually searched for.

3\. There isn't a good way to make a ticket "in dev" > "in testing" etc. without labels. The labels then inflate since we already have high low etc. Then there are the category labels like performance or customer issue. In the end we have nearly 25 labels and it's almost more of a hindrance.

4\. When a new feature is created there are of course a number of issues to fix before it's ready. The best way we've dealt with this is numbering each comment with an issue in it and then having a checklist on the bottom of the ticket that gets checked off. There needs to be some sort of easily view-able checklist which can either be used to indicate completeness of parts of a feature or smaller bugs in the scope of the ticket. It becomes really hard to manage, read, and find reported problems when you have 50+ comments that have bugs in them and another 30 that aren't near their original comment but are related.

5\. This might be related to 3 but milestones are also a little limiting. The process we have now is to put something into the current sprint milestone, after it's been validated on a local system we move it to another milestone while we wait for the rest of the tickets. I don't think this is a great way to do this and things should have a status within a milestone.

6\. For the love of god do something about the caching. I can go to a ticket where I've made a new comment myself 5 minutes prior, go back to the issues list, and back into that issue and I'm missing several days of comments until I refresh.

</comment><comment><USER15> Simple changes to improve the Wiki:

1\. Allow image uploads by dragging images directly onto a wiki page that will then upload and link it. This happens currently in issues but isn't available via the wiki.

2\. The Wiki page search. It only searches page titles, the top repo search does not search the wiki either. Not cool. You build great documentation but then can't later search it?

3\. Give the Wiki it's own developer API. I don't see it anywhere in their current documentation.

</comment><comment><USER16> I think it would be nice to see some sort distributed issue tracker as a "first class" option. If Github's issue tracker could support optionally storing its data as branchable artifacts in git, that would be a nice to have for some projects. Especially if you can keep the general simplicity of the existing PR and Issue Tracker are so that people new to a project can still relatively easily contribute directly from the web.

</comment><comment><USER17> Let me reply to non-code related PR comments in a thread.

</comment><comment><USER18> \- Tab spacing config instead of having to append `ts=4`

\- Commenting on a PR while ignoring whitespace changes `w=1`

</comment><comment><USER19> Be able to give issues priorities and sort them with user defined attributes like what release cycled they are planned for. The number of votes / +1s on different ideas e.t.c

</comment><comment><USER20> It would be nice to be able to put specific issues into "moderated" mode. I want to approve comments on divisive issues before everyone is spammed with email.

</comment><comment><USER21> More user code base visibility (ie: things they have written or contribute to)

</comment><comment><USER3> An easy way to see _all_ contributors of a repo, not limited to the top 100.

</comment><comment><USER22> repo tagging/grouping

<comment><USER23> We have solved this in Deveo by grouping repositories inside projects since it reflects more naturally how software is built outside the open source community. This has been our focus from the inception. In non-open-source projects, a project typically includes multiple repositories (such as backend and frontend at least), and they all share the same issue tracking and wiki functionalities.

We covered this topic and other differences between Deveo, GitLab and Bitbucket recently in a blog post. If you are interested to see an alternative viewpoint on things, check [http://blog.deveo.com/what-makes-deveo-different- from-github...](http://blog.deveo.com/what-makes-deveo-different-from-github- gitlab-and-bitbucket/) \- I would love to hear feedback whether our approach is viable compared to GitHub's open-source approach on things.

Disclaimer: I work at Deveo

</comment></comment><comment><USER24> Make issues optional for projects that don't use it.

</comment><comment><USER25> Open-source it, and maybe we'll get better answers.

</comment><comment><USER26> Responsive design for mobile resolutions.

<comment><USER3> Perhaps you could elaborate. The site already has a decent responsive mobile interface.

<comment><USER26> Sorry, I was confused. What I meant was actually responsive design on the "desktop" site, perhaps instead of a separate mobile variant.

I really prefer to zoom in on most website to get bigger text, and good responsive layouts often become less cluttered when you zoom. GitHub's widths are too static though so everything just overflows.

I kind of like using the mobile version but it's annoying to have to spoof the user agent and all features aren't available there.

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER27> Navigation between orgs is borked.</comment>


Twitter User Streams goes Production - <AUTHOR> http://groups.google.com/group/twitter-development-talk/browse_thread/thread/39f188e6f71d93b6?pli=1 <comment><USER2> ~ curl -v '<http://userstream.twitter.com/2/user.json> * About to connect() to userstream.twitter.com port 80 (#0) * Trying 22.214.171.124...

timeout

<comment><USER3> Later in the post, they mention having to use <https://> \-- that won't produce a timeout for you, but you'll still be unauthorized.

twurl is good for some quick playing around via curl: [http://thechangelog.com/post/536535280/twurl-oauth- enabled-c...](http://thechangelog.com/post/536535280/twurl-oauth-enabled-curl- for-the-twitter-api)</comment></comment>


Major Dust Storm Could Soon Hit Mars - <AUTHOR> http://www.space.com/34329-major-dust-storm-soon-hit-mars.html <comment><AUTHOR> I find the prediction of the next global dust storm, and the cause, interesting. The theory is that the other planets influence Mars' orbit, and when that influence has a particular characteristic at the right time in the Martian year, Mars' global weather pattern is different.

That makes me wonder if there is a similar effect on Earth. Logically, you'd expect to see something. Maybe storms are stronger, or El Nino changes.

</comment><comment><USER2> Weird title, if a dust storm really hits Mars, as opposed to a dust storm merely brewing on Mars, the whole solar system would likely be affected. Regardless of how big the molecular cloud would be, the fact that an interstellar gas cloud is hitting Mars is the bigger news!</comment>


Ask HN: Explain the dearth of USB-C splitters? - <AUTHOR> Dear HN:
I finally took the plunge (actually, my water did onto my 2013 MacBook Air, courtesy of a United flight attendant), and the closest modern substitute I could find was a 2017 12" MacBook with one USBC port total.
It became quickly clear that I'd need a dongle or two.  USB-C accessories are easy to find, but there are some glaring holes in the lineup, and short of making my own, I'm at a loss to explain the absence of certain obvious adapters:
One USBC male to Two USBC female.  No such thing.
One USBC male to Two USBC any gender.  No such thing.
USBC male to dual HDMI plus any way to power, no such thing.
Don't get me wrong, I think these accessories would seem unnecessary and overpriced if they existed, but I can't for the life of me figure out why nobody makes them.
Do I need to drop everything and start making them to satisfy a huge unmet demand, or is there a good reason nobody makes this stuff? <comment><USER2> > One USBC male to Two USBC female

What are you gonna do with the "alternate modes" (DisplayPort, Thunderbolt, etc)? You can indeed split the USB side into two ports by acting as a hub, but alternate modes can't be split so easily.

What would you do with incoming power? Only one of the two female ports would be able to accept power from a charger.

> USBC male to dual HDMI plus any way to power, no such thing.

You can't split the DisplayPort alternate mode into two separate outputs.</comment>


What Is Wrong with Communism? - no-one-is-here <comment><AUTHOR> According to the recently re-elected polish President, whatever was wrong with it, was not as wrong as granting LGBT rights.

[https://www.bbc.com/news/world- europe-53039864](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53039864)

(Duda was born 16 May 1972, so he ought to have some personal experience of their relative "wrongness")

</comment><comment><USER2> At a macro level, with communism, the state will inevitably fail to predict the correct demand for products and the result will be that a black market will rise for products with more demand than supply and the wasteful destruction/dumping of products with more supply than demand. The rise of black markets in particular will ultimately undermine the communist's promise of "to each according to their need". Almost all modern communistic systems are actually mixed economic systems reflecting that a pure communistic model is not feasible.

At a micro level, communism saps the entrepreneurial energy from economies as it relies on the state to determine what goods and services should be produced. It also potentially acts like a disincentive to work as work is performed for the national well-being not the personal well-being. Not that all individuals reject the notion of patriotic work for the betterment of the nation but I feel that more are incentivized by personal rather than patriotic rewards.

Traditionally, communism leads to the restriction of movement and voice for the citizenry. Any system that needs to erect laws and walls to keep its own citizens from leaving or voicing their displeasure seems to be a system that is fundamentally flawed. I am not saying that any other "pure" ideology (particularly free market capitalism) is without faults, but you asked specifically about faults related to communism.

</comment><comment><USER3> There's nothing inherently wrong with the system, in fact it's amazing. The problem with it is people, the government and people can easily get corrupted leading it into a North Korea like system politicians can take advantage of.

<comment><USER4> There is plenty of wrong with any form of collectivism, no matter how just are its courts, and how free is its administration from corruption.

</comment></comment><comment><USER5> He says it like it's a bad thing:

"The bourgeoisie cannot exist without constantly revolutionising the instruments of production, and thereby the relations of production, and with them the whole relations of society. Conservation of the old modes of production in unaltered form, was, on the contrary, the first condition of existence for all earlier industrial classes. Constant revolutionising of production, uninterrupted disturbance of all social conditions, everlasting uncertainty and agitation distinguish the bourgeois epoch from all earlier ones. All fixed, fast-frozen relations, with their train of ancient and venerable prejudices and opinions, are swept away, all new-formed ones become antiquated before they can ossify. All that is solid melts into air, all that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senses his real conditions of life, and his relations with his kind.

The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the entire surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connexions everywhere."

— Marx 'Communist Manifesto'

</comment><comment><USER6> The problem (with Communism and with answering your question) is that Communism was never implemented yet, thus making it hard to say to what degree it can be implemented at all. The most "communist" thing that the world had were different collective communities, for example the original Kibbutzim in Israel, which can at least be considered "socialist" to a large degree. On the other hand none of them were state entities, which means they were heavily influenced by a surrounding state form.

From a formal point of view, Communism can be considered one of the purest forms of democracy, which makes it susceptible to the largest problem every democracy has - the people. Any democratic society relies extremely on the people's good will, (social) responsibility, and education. That makes it also the most fragile state form possible - as soon as even one of the criteria fails, the society inevitably changes. It can be a more or less slow evolution into an aristocracy or a monarchy, or a rather revolutionary change into an ochlocracy, oligarchy or a tyranny.

<comment><USER4> Various small scale systems such as farming or housing co-operatives are arguably forms of implemented communism. However, those are not complete, autonomous governments with their own borders, armies and justice systems. :)

<comment><USER6> that's pretty much also what I said :)

</comment></comment></comment><comment><USER7> the individual is the smallest minority group you can possibly have

</comment><comment><USER8> No matter what intentions communists had, path to Communism always led to tyrrany.

<comment><USER4> No instance of communism started with good intentions. The starting point was the seizure of property, which is already a form of tyranny.

Imagine being declared scum because you own a business, and having almost everything taken away from you.

<comment><USER6> but also to be honest, most of the "businessmen" were scum - we're talking about 19th/beginning of the 20ieth century, where a worker was worth basically nothing. 16 or even up to 20 working hours per day were usual, even for children of ages of 10-12. and that for a salary that was barely sufficient to rent a corner (literally!) in a room and a bit to eat (and you don't want to know what was in this food).

there were exceptions, but even the better working conditions were so far below today's standards that calling e.g. the factory owner "scum" would actually be way too mild.

<comment><USER4> In 20th century communist revolutions, small business owners such as storekeepers had their property taken away.

It is not a historically correct view that only those business people who matched evil stereotypes from Charles Dickens novels were targeted for dispossession, and everyone else could continue on as before.

It simply became a crime to own property pretty much beyond personal belongings.

Your own little farm, book store, whatever.

Talk to anyone of Chinese descent who got on a boat and the hell out of Vietnam when the communists won the war.

Speaking of descent, these communist takeovers have been tinged with racism/xenophobia. Whereas in Vietnam it was the Chinese elite with money and education, in the The Soviet revolution, the situation was heavily anti- semitic since a lot of the business owners were Jews.

Modern liberals in America, especially anyone too young to remember and relate to the cold war are, know basically fuck all about any of this. No first hand account of anything, just indoctrination from politically-correct sources.

I myself am a refugee from former Czechoslovakia. I actually lived in communism.

Ironically, now I once again may not criticize communism. Wait, that's not even what I'm doing. Rather, I may not make uncontroversial, true statements about communism that Stalin would likely agree with if he were here.

</comment></comment></comment></comment><comment><USER5> [https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-23/video-uyghurs- shaved-...](https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-23/video-uyghurs-shaved- blindfolded-xinjiang-train-station-china/11537628)</comment>


Replace RESTful APIs with JSON-Pure - <AUTHOR> https://mmikowski.github.io/json-pure/ <comment><USER2>
        We have added a suffix to JSON keys to indicate type.

IA IA HUNGARIAN NOTATION FHTAGN

No seriously, you have JSON Schema. Why clutter your naming by repeating the type of everything AGAIN?

<comment><AUTHOR> "This greatly helps the API consumer comprehend the meaning of fields at little cost"

But yes, I agree with you. "Little cost" is also quite ambiguous when one of the identified pro's was lowered overhead?</comment></comment>