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lloyds banking group plc (LLOY:London)
Last 79.87 GBp
Change Today +0.43 / 0.54%
Volume 134.8M
As of 11:35 AM 03/4/15 All times are local (Market data is delayed by at least 15 minutes).
BOARD MEMBERS AFFILIATED WITH Thomas Timothy Ryan Jr.*
Vice-Chairman and Global Head of Regulatory Strategy & Policy - Asia | 44 44 |
*Data is at least as current as the most recent Definitive Proxy.
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LLOY:LN | 79.87 GBp | +0.43 |
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Just over the hill and around the bay from Cadaque, literally next door to Salvador Dali's house ( book in advance!) this is a relaxing establishment with lovely little touches and it is brilliantly presented. Great value for money, really friendly helpful staff. Good size room, everything works, scrupulously clean, the grounds maintenance is an indication that nothing is left... More
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- Also Known As:
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subset: commoncrawl


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Tap Here to view the Mobile Optimized TFLN
That reminds me...we need to get swords
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Love it
Ha. Swords.
Going LARPing are we? ;D
Bahahaha! I love the little non-sequitur texts among all the (still funny) sexual stuff
This sounds like my grad campout.
Deck or glow in the dark condom?..
Groin Away, Apply Directly To The Groin.
foam swords? i have those
Story of my life.
Any night with swords is a good night.
Sword fight!
That'll end in tears.
when did you see me naked?
Follow @tfln


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Denton County
Man's Conviction In Wife's Disappearance Vacated
A state appeals court has overturned a North Texas man's 2011 murder conviction in the disappearance and presumed death of his wife and ordered him acquitted.
Man Arrested After Denton County Sheriff's Office Deputy Struck By Vehicle
An Ill. man was arrested after a Denton County Sheriff's Office deputy was struck by a vehicle Saturday night.
Flu Vaccine Still Available, But Going Fast
Many people across North Texas are struggling to find the flu shot. However, local health officials said that there are still plenty of doses available throughout the area.
Two Flu Deaths Reported In Denton County, Doctors Encourage Flu Shots
The flu has claimed two more lives in Denton County, including that of a young girl who did not receive a flu shot.
Spike In H1N1 Cases Affects Young Adults In Denton
Five times as many flu cases were reported to the Denton County Health Department this week compared to two weeks ago and nearly every case is the H1N1 strain.
PD: Woman Boards School Bus, Attacks Three Students
A Denton county woman is behind bars, accused of attacking three students on a school bus.
Icy Trees & Power Lines, But Not Roads
North Texans were prepared for the worst on Monday morning after cold temperatures and precipitation threatened to coat DFW roads with a layer of ice. But that didn't happen.
Former North Texas H.S. QB Accused Of Burglary & Arson
An 18-year-old former student and football player at Krum High School is accused of burglary and arson. William 'Caz' Wojciak remained in the Denton County jail Friday evening, on $300,000 bond.
Police Arrest Former Krum High School QB
A former Krum High School football quarterback is in police custody. William Wojciak has been charged with burglary and intent to commit other crimes, possibly arson.
GoPass App Simplifies DFW Public Transit
Moving around the Metroplex is about to get easier because, now, there's an app for that. The GoPass is officially on track, changing the way that public transit riders book and board.
Severe Storms Damage Aubrey Man's Home
Residents in Denton County are cleaning up on Labor Day after some strong storms moved through the area late Sunday night and early Monday morning.
Tarrant County Confirms Another Measles Case
Another measles case has been confirmed in Tarrant County, as of Monday afternoon — and like the previous 15 diagnosed cases, the latest one is linked to a North Texas mega church.


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An Alexander man has been charged with several drug and firearms charges.
Jimmy Hearington, 29, is facing 30 charges in connection with the investigation.
On Sunday, Saline County Sheriff's deputies responded to a shooting on Centark Cove. When deputies arrived at the scene, they found that the victim had suffered a self-inflicted wound, said Lt. Scott Courtney, Saline County Sheriff's Office spokesperson.
While investigating the shooting, detectives found several explosives and firearms.
LITTLE ROCK — Republican U.S. Rep. Tom Cotton's campaign says he's raised $2.28 million over the last three months in his bid to unseat Democratic U.S. Sen. Mark Pryor, outpacing the incumbent lawmaker in their increasingly heated and expensive Senate race.
Cotton's campaign announced Monday he raised the money during the fundraising period that ended June 30. Pryor's campaign on Friday announced he had raised $1.5 million during the same period.
Pryor was first elected in 2002 and is the only Democratic member of the state's congressional delegation.
Raquel Thompson, 13, says she always has had a passion for music.
For a little more than two years, she has been relying on this passion to start a career as a disc jockey.
"I want to be the person who makes people have fun," she said.
Raquel made her debut at the Bryant Parks Department's booth at the Salt Bowl. Using only her phone, she said she played music loudly and had everyone dancing.
Eventually she provided music for about 1,000 people at the Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure in Little Rock. Since then, she hasn't stopped.


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TD-Complete Submission
What to expect when you're expecting (an acceptance letter)
4.15 / 5.00 3,914 ViewsFrom World War 2 to cavemen, this is how all of them started.
First of a series of many shorts.
EDIT: Oh crap, this version is imcomplete. And I deleted the original file. :C
Here's the YouTube version for complete lip sync: http://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=tv9et_UM8Ko
EDIT 12/22/11: Whoa, front page! Thanks everybody! :D
EDIT 12/23/11: Before any of you decide to give it a bad review because "the message is incorrect" or "the animation sucks", the idea of war is one's own interpretation, and the animation isn't supposed to be spectacular. Then again, I'm getting into a war myself with these reviewers, because I have a different opinion. Just proving a point.
Simple but very true
The art and animation was good & the voices weren't too shabby. I like the idea of making it simple to bring out the main point that every war in history was caused by some two guys with opposite opinion. And when one of the sides won, they have gained nothing from the experience. It's a clever & funny plot, well done.


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FREE cancellation on most rooms!
Instant confirmation when you reserve
Discover the perfect inn for your Droitwich vacation with Booking.com. The best cozy rooms and lodges are available throughout Droitwich. Find your country inn and start exploring Severn Valley Railway, Ragley Hall and Hopwood Park Services M42. With great rates and good availability, Booking.com makes it easy to find an inn for your trip to Droitwich.
8.4 |
Hadley Bowling Green Inn Hadley Heath, Droitwich, WR9 0AR, United Kingdom | ||
Score from 156 reviews:
Only a 15-minute drive from the city of Worcester, this hotel is situated in Hadley Heath, just outside Droitwich. It dates back to the 16th century, and offers free Wi-Fi and a restaurant.
" beyond expectations... excellent dinner... " |
from $77 Average price per night |
The Crown by Marston's Inns Worcester Road, Droitwich, WR9 7PF, United Kingdom | ||
Score from 270 reviews:
Very good
Offering a restaurant, a bar, free Wi-Fi and free parking, The Crown by Marstons Inns is located in Droitwich. The property is 12 miles away from the historic cathedral city of Worcester.
" we both liked everything price was execelent all round for food and drinks " |
from $54 Average price per night |
The Vernon Droitwich Road Hanbury, Droitwich, B60 4DB, United Kingdom | ||
Score from 20 reviews:
Situated in the rural parish of Hanbury, The Vernon boasts an award-winning restaurant, free Wi-Fi throughout, and free onsite parking.
" The whole weekend was just perfect, with plenty to do near by would stay again anytime " |
from $100 Average price per night |


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Influenza Pandemic:
Greater Agency Accountability Needed to Protect Federal Workers in the Event of a Pandemic
GAO-09-783T: Published: Jun 16, 2009. Publicly Released: Jun 16, 2009.
Additional Materials:
- Highlights Page:
- Full Report:
- Accessible Text:
(202) 512-6543
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As evidenced by the spring 2009 outbreak of the H1N1 virus, an influenza pandemic remains a real threat to the nation and the world and has the potential to shut down work critical to the smooth functioning of society. This testimony addresses (1) the extent to which federal agencies have made pandemic plans to protect workers who cannot work remotely and are not first responders; (2) the pandemic plans selected agencies have for certain occupations performing essential functions other than first response; and (3) the opportunities to improve agencies' workforce pandemic plans. The issues discussed in the testimony are based on the GAO report, Influenza Pandemic: Increased Agency Accountability Could Help Protect Federal Employees Serving the Public in the Event of a Pandemic (GAO-09-404, June 12, 2009). In this report, GAO recommended that the Homeland Security Council (HSC) request that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) monitor and report to the Executive Office of the President on the readiness of agencies to continue operations while protecting their employees in the event of a pandemic. To help carry out its oversight role, the Congress may want to consider requiring a similar report from DHS. The HSC noted that it will give serious consideration to the findings and recommendations in the report, and DHS said the report will contribute to its efforts to ensure government entities are well prepared for what may come next.
GAO surveyed the 24 agencies employing nearly all federal workers to gain an overview of governmentwide pandemic influenza preparedness efforts and found that a wide range of pandemic planning activities are under way. However, as of early 2009, several agencies reported that they were still developing their pandemic plans and their measures to protect their workforce. For example, several agencies had yet to identify essential functions during a pandemic that cannot be performed remotely. In addition, although many of the agencies' pandemic plans rely on telework to carry out their functions, five agencies reported testing their information technology capability to little or no extent. To get a more in-depth picture of agency planning, GAO selected three case study agencies that represent essential occupations other than first response that cannot be performed remotely. The three case study occupations--correctional workers, production staff disbursing federal checks, and air traffic controllers--showed differences in the degree to which their individual facilities had operational pandemic plans. For example, the Bureau of Prisons' correctional workers had only recently been required to develop pandemic plans for their correctional facilities. Nevertheless, the Bureau of Prisons has considerable experience limiting the spread of infectious disease within its correctional facilities and had also made arrangements for antiviral medications for a portion of its workers and inmates. The Department of the Treasury's Financial Management Service, which has production staff involved in disbursing federal payments such as Social Security checks, had pandemic plans for its four regional centers and had stockpiled personal protective equipment such as respirators, gloves, and hand sanitizers at the centers. Air traffic control management facilities, where air traffic controllers work, had not yet developed facility pandemic plans or incorporated pandemic plans into their all-hazards contingency plans. The Federal Aviation Administration had recently completed a study to determine the feasibility of the use of respirators by air traffic controllers and concluded that their long-term use during a pandemic appears to be impractical. There is no mechanism in place to monitor and report on agencies' progress in developing workforce pandemic plans. Under the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Implementation Plan, DHS was required to monitor and report on the readiness of departments and agencies to continue operations while protecting their employees during an influenza pandemic. The HSC, however, informed DHS in late 2006 or early 2007 that no specific reports on this were required to be submitted. Rather, the HSC requested that agencies certify to the council that they were addressing in their plans the applicable elements of a pandemic checklist in 2006 and again in 2008. This process did not include any assessment or reporting on the status of agency plans. Given agencies' uneven progress in developing their pandemic plans, monitoring and reporting would enhance agencies' accountability for protecting their employees in the event of a pandemic.
Feb 13, 2015
Defense Health Care:
Better Tracking and Oversight Needed of Servicemember Separations for Non-Disability Mental ConditionsGAO-15-266: Published: Feb 13, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 13, 2015.
Feb 11, 2015
Mental Health:
HHS Leadership Needed to Coordinate Federal Efforts Related to Serious Mental IllnessGAO-15-375T: Published: Feb 11, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 11, 2015.
Feb 10, 2015
Prenatal Drug Use and Newborn Health:
Federal Efforts Need Better Planning and CoordinationGAO-15-203: Published: Feb 10, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 10, 2015. -
Additional Federal Action Needed to Further Improve Third-Party Liability EffortsGAO-15-208: Published: Jan 28, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 10, 2015.
Feb 6, 2015
International Classification of Diseases:
CMS's Efforts to Prepare for the New Version of the Disease and Procedure CodesGAO-15-255: Published: Jan 28, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 6, 2015.
Feb 5, 2015
Mental Health:
HHS Leadership Needed to Coordinate Federal Efforts Related to Serious Mental IllnessGAO-15-113: Published: Dec 18, 2014. Publicly Released: Feb 5, 2015.
Jan 30, 2015
Defense Health Care:
Additional Information Needed about Mental Health Provider Staffing NeedsGAO-15-184: Published: Jan 30, 2015. Publicly Released: Jan 30, 2015.
Jan 28, 2015
Private Health Insurance:
Geographic Variation in Spending for Certain High-Cost Procedures Driven by Inpatient PricesGAO-15-214: Published: Dec 29, 2014. Publicly Released: Jan 28, 2015.
Dec 23, 2014
Federal Food Service Operations:
Implementation of the HHS/GSA Health and Sustainability GuidelinesGAO-15-262R: Published: Dec 23, 2014. Publicly Released: Dec 23, 2014.
Dec 12, 2014
Health Care:
Information on Coverage Choices for Servicemembers, Former Servicemembers, and DependentsGAO-15-4: Published: Dec 12, 2014. Publicly Released: Dec 12, 2014.
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I like that the lining inside is "slick". When it's fleece inside it's hard to get a kids coat on over long sleeves. One should note that the decorative diagonal zipper pockets at the top are not pockets. They are strictly decorative. However, the lower pockets are how I like them with a snap part on top to put gloves in, and the sides are open for their hands to go in. The pockets could be a little bigger, but I think they'll still work for small hands. The fur hood is cute. I wish the chin guard part were connected to the hood to help keep it up but again I think it's a great coat. I am overall very pleased.
I purchased the coat for my granddaughter for next year, however I dediced to give it to her now. Which was a good decision, the fit was perfect. I was expecting the size to be a little larger. However she loved the gift.
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An Exclusive Tour of the Kitchen of the Year Video
In July 2008, House Beautiful and designer Christopher Peacock unveiled their Kitchen of the Year
What Do You Think?
Lena Dunham Shares An Easy Bedroom DIY
The Girls creator's latest snap on Instagram shows off an easy and creative way to update your bedroom.
Before & After: A Kitchen Stuck in the '70s Gets a Facelift
Karen Vidal of Design Vidal updates a kitchen for two TV producers
Inside a Young Family's Effortlessly Elegant Home
Splashes of sunny gold and a range of subtle grays bring warmth and everyday glamour to a young family's Atlanta house.
Before & After: This Kitchen Gets a Gorgeous New Ceiling
Say goodbye to the popcorn-style ceiling.
More From Design Inspiration


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EnvelopeAPM inc will assist your organisation to establish a though RFP RFQ document so that you will obtain a comprehensive software thats will meet business objectives for the monitoring and management of your aircraft resulting in a more efficient, visible maintenance operation.
Request for Proposal development sample for delivery to software providers
For a Maintenance Management System – planning, purchasing, production and inventory control software program for an Air Operator
Table of Contents
1.3. "Company" Mission Statement
1.4. "Company" Organization Structure
1.5. Background & Supporting Information
1.7. Project Constraints and Assumptions
1.11. Closing Date for Receipt of Proposal
2. Required Format of Proposal
2.7. Bidder's General Information
2.7.7. Bidder's Qualifications
2.7.9. Specific Skills and Experience
2.8. Details of Management and Key Personnel
2.9. Format and Number of Proposals
3. Specification of Requirements
3.11. Effort Required by "Company" during the Project
3.13. Requirement — Documentation
3.14. Requirement — Maintenance and Support
5. Evaluation & Award Criteria
5.2. Confidentiality of Evaluation
5.3. Determination of Responsiveness
5.6. Clarification of Proposals
5.8. Most Economically Advantageous Proposal
5.11. Conformity to Specification
5.15. Request for Additional Information from Bidders
5.16. Cost of Preparation of Proposal
5.17. Discussions with Bidders
5.18. Contractual Terms and Conditions
5.22. Presentation of Proposal
6. Appendix A — Terms and Conditions
6.1. Contract Award / Termination
7. Appendix B — Proposal Checklist
8. Appendix C —Technical Setup
8.1. Internet Service Provider Details
9. Appendix D — Features and Functionality Checklist
9.1. Features List Instructions
10. Appendix E — Certificate As To Canvassing
11. Appendix G — Declaration for Applicants


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This page contains Cheats for Duke Nukem Forever - The Doctor Who Cloned Me organized by sections for PC - Windows. Duke Nukem Forever - The Doctor Who Cloned Me is a Action Shooter First-Person game, made by Gearbox Software, released on Dec 13, 2011 and published by 2K Games. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates.
- Developer:
Duke Nukem Forever - The Doctor Who Cloned Me PC - Windows Cheats
Gearbox Software - Publisher: 2K Games
- Genre: Action Shooter First-Person
- Release Date: Dec 13, 2011
- ESRB: Mature
- Other Platforms
- Expansion for...
To unlock the following, you have to play the game and collect/Earn achievements. You can find those earned achievements in your Game-Mainmenu or you can view them if you signup at one of the Steam communities....
From: Sh4d0wKn1ghtVideo Walkthroughs
Stuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an Duke Nukem Forever - The Doctor Who Cloned Me expert then please try to help others with their questions.
I'm stuck after walking into the cave with the weight room, doors locked, increased strength, used explosives where ever I thought would work....STUCK!!!...
Posted on: 12-06-2012
The Walking Dead: Season Two - Gameplay Review Trailer
- Mar 2, 2015, Views: 11
Zombie Army Trilogy - Gameplay Video
- Mar 2, 2015, Views: 10
BloodLust Shadowhunter - Gameplay Video
- Mar 1, 2015, Views: 9
Mortal Kombat 10 - First Impressions Trailer
- Mar 1, 2015, Views: 6
- Zombie Army Trilogy, (PC)
- Cylne, (PC)
- Vietnam '65, (PC)
- Fly In The House, (PC)
- StandPoint, (PC)
- Requiem: Rise Of The Reaver, (PC)
- Resident Evil: Revelations 2 - Episode 2: Contemplation, (PC)
- ASA: A Space Adventure, (PC)
- FranknJohn, (PC)
- Dig Or Die, (PC)
- The Settlers - Kingdoms Of Anteria - Announcement Trailer, (PC)
- The Escapists - You Will Never Escape Trailer, (PC)
- Elite: Dangerous - Cockpit Interiors Trailer, (PC)
- Cricket 07 - IPL 5 Patch - Electronic Adboards Trailer, (PC)
- Facade - Gameplay Ep. 1 (I Want A Kiss!), (PC)
- Vampires: Guide Them To Safety! - Gameplay Video, (PC)
- Beyond Space - Steam Trailer, (PC)
- Far Cry 4 - E3 2014 Trailer, (PC)
- The Dark Stone From Mebara - Steam Trailer, (PC)
- The King Of Fighters 2002 Unlimited Match - Gameplay Video, (PC)
- BLACKHOLE - Gameplay Video, (PC)
- Sable Maze: Sullivan River - Gameplay Video, (PC)
- Airships: Conquer The Skies - Gameplay Review, (PC)
- TableTop Cricket - Trailer, (PC)
- Republique Remastered - Gameplay Video, (PC)
- Europa Universalis 4: El Dorado - Gameplay Video, (PC)


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Comparing Numbers: Scoop's Up
Even math is fun when ice cream is involved! On this worksheet, kids compare the numbers written on each scoop of ice cream and color in the scoop with the biggest number. When they're all done coloring, can they find the ice cream cone with the biggest sum?
Updated on Sep 10, 2010
Recommended Learning Products
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Check out GIRLTalk's revised rules & regulations now! http://www.femalenetwork.com/girltalk/index.php/board,181.0.html
14. You can always get back at them during funerals by saying the same thing.
19 things you should NEVER say to a single person:3. So, why are you still single? (and why are you still rude?)
There's another one, #20..."You're too intimidating." Super irritating to hear that. Eh kung duwag pala sila, di ko sila kelangan. LOL!
So, why are you single?I generally dislike this question. I mean honestly, if I knew why, I dont think I would be single right now, now would I?! Erica
Eto mas worse: and sa dad ko pa mismo nanggaling.. "tomboy ka ba??" lol:))
3. So, why are you still single? (and why are you still rude?)


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Make sure your little one stays in the land of nod with the ingenious Phil & Ted's travel system. Designed to move your baby's car seat from the car to the buggy without waking him or her up, simply load on the buggy and you're ready to go, and all with the advantage of no little tantrums!
The Phil & Teds travel system is designed so baby faces you for piece of mind, and is fully compatible with Phil and Teds Bebe HS car seat. The travel system is made of strong alloy for long-lasting durability and reduced wear and tear.
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Related Articles
- Social Skills and Guidance
- Manners Matter! 5 Expert Tips for Teaching Social Skills
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Fifth Grade
"With a majority of my students, no one had talked to them about wearing deodorant and basic hygiene. It's kind of awkward to bring up but I feel it's something they should know." –Merisenda Bills, fourth and fifth grade teacher at San Antonio Elementary School in San Jose, California
By the time kids have reached fifth grade, they should be aware of the physical changes that await them in the future and the basics of personal hygiene. It might be time for an awkward but necessary talk with your child!
What else should your child be able to do to be ready for fifth grade?
- Organize school supplies: This can't be stressed enough. Fifth graders should have organized binders and assignment books ready to go so they can focus their time on the increasing academic demands they will face instead of making sense of their disorganized notes.
- Be a good sport: The hyper-competitive, win-at-all-costs attitude of early elementary school won't be as tolerated in fifth grade, when children are expected to show more maturity.
- Work quietly for 30 minutes.
Worrying about your child's academic future can be overwhelming enough, but the personal milestones reached along the way can be just as important. Have fun with it and celebrate the new things your child does. The first time she ties her shoes or gets through the day without an accident, for example, celebrate with cookies and a movie. With preparation, your child can make behavior second nature and focus her efforts toward a great education!


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This week marks the fifth anniversary of Hurricane Katrina. Citizen Effect's CitizenGulf project, which supports educational opportunities for the children of Gulf Coast fishermen, is hosting a benefit at Busboys and Poets, featuring extended happy-hour drink specials. All ticket sales go to Gulf families for school supplies and to support after-school activities. Click here to purchase tickets ($10 to $500). 6:30 to 9.
Summer's winding down, but there's still time for some beer and barbecue. Join Chef Teddy Folkman as he dishes out low-country barbecue at Capitol Lounge. Dishes include hickory-smoked brisket, spicy Carolina-style pork, and kielbasa with sauerkraut. Enjoy a variety of brews from Great Lakes Brewing Company with your meal. Click here for tickets ($35). 6 PM.
Listen to the sounds of the tropics intertwined with zany but charming rock at the Strathmore Outdoor Summer Uke Fest. Concert guests include the Sweater Set, Victoria Vox, the Hula Honeys, the Riders, and Cathy Fink & Marcy Marxer. Bring a uke or buy one there for a 6 PM audience strum-along. At 5:30, there's a street festival with acrobats, jugglers, and clowns. Food including barbecue ribs, pulled pork, and veggie burgers are available for purchase. Free. 7 PM.
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2004 report from E. Gus Cothran, Ph.D., Director Animal Genetics Lab at Texas A & M
Sulphur roundup comments unveil the cruel scam Utah is running
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
copy: email@example.com
February 25, 2015
Bureau of Land Management
Cedar City Field Office
176 East DL Sargent Drive
Cedar City, Utah 84721
Attention: Elizabeth R. Burghard, Cedar City Field Office Manager
Project Name: Sulphur HMA Public Health and Safety
Wild Horse Gather and Removal
Document: News Release
Dear Ms. Burghard:
I understand that your office has scheduled another roundup-and-removal operation pertaining to wild horses that allegedly have wandered outside the …
Sulphur HMA
… and that are, reportedly, posing safety-concerns along Highway 21.
I am submitting substantive comments and new information that BLM-Cedar City should consider. I urge you to cancel the gather, correct the population-estimate errors, investigate the validity of the accusations, complete an environmental assessment, fence Highway 21, and take other preventive measures.
Overpopulation, Forage Limitations
BLM's News Release identifies the issue as being wild horses "causing public health and safety concerns along Highway 21." BLM lists overpopulation and forage limitations as the causes for the horses having allegedly migrated to the outer edge of the Sulphur HMA, near said highway.
The Proposed Action
BLM-Cedar City plans to round up and remove a total of 100 wild horses out of a population that BLM estimates at "approximately 830″ (versus 250, the high-bound of the AML). The gather, scheduled to begin only days after issuance of the News Release and in the absence of an environmental assessment, would be accomplished via helicopter-drive. The roundup would supposedly target members of the Sulphur herd that are "encroaching on Highway 21." But, given wild horses' propensity to roam extensively, it is unclear how the true perpetrators would be identified.
The Issues
There are several important questions concerning the planned gather that BLM has not addressed.
What is the right solution for preventing vehicle-wildlife collisions?
What is the accurate estimate of Sulphur HMA's wild-horse population?
Is there really an overpopulation? Has AML been exceeded?
Who has reported wild horses "along Highway 21″? Rogue ranchers?
How likely is it that 100 wild horses are encroaching on the highway?
Is the "public safety" excuse an end-run to skip an environmental assessment?
Was the snap-decision to hold a gather a strategem to avoid scrutiny of the data?
Are the pretty stories about adoptions and retirements-to-pasture just fables?
A review of BLM's data — its assumptions, claims, population-estimates, gather-data, and PZP-inoculations — for the Sulphur herd disclosed
Grossly-exaggerated estimates,
Failure to adjust for PZP's contraceptive impact,
Failure to factor in wild-horse deaths on the range from natural causes, and
Ignorance of new studies that found herd-growth averages 10 percent — not 20.
Outsiders — Dealing with Roving Equids
Horses will roam. It is their nature. It is management's duty to keep them from places they should not be. Prevention is key. Removing horses that have wandered outside the boundaries of an HMA — "outsiders" — just creates a vacuum for "insider" horses to fill. Thus, removing "outsiders" is an ineffective strategy. The elimination of mustangs from an open, accessible habitat results in recolonization by other mustangs. Absent barriers, the process begins almost immediately, as horses come upon an area and see that it is attractive … and vacant. This is exactly what has happened! BLM removed 30 wild horses "from the same area" just months ago. Yet, here we go again. Thus, removal is not the solution.
Recommendations: When horses stray, BLM-Cedar City should round them back in! Encourage the outsiders to return to their proper place, then address those factors that caused the animals to leave home.
Does the HMA have perimeter fences?
Do the fences need repair?
Do the gates need to be checked frequently and closed?
Would palatable plantings draw the wild horses back inside the HMA?
Have mineral licks been placed well-inside the HMA?
Have guzzlers been installed to provide water sources within the boundaries?
And, most importantly, …
Why hasn't Highway 21 been fenced off near the HMA?
BLM-Cedar City should specify preventive measures in this regard as its management approach. Return outsiders to the HMA. Fence the HMA's perimeters.
Fence Off Highway 21 near Sulphur HMA, Install Wildlife-Underpasses
Highways that cross near wildlife-habitat need to be fenced off. Installing safety-fences is certainly the indicated, cost-effective, and long-term solution. By preventing horses — as well as other creatures — from crossing directly over a highway, fences keep animals from endangering themselves and motorists. Underpasses allow wildlife to migrate freely, but safely.
I urge BLM-Cedar City to install a system of fences and underpasses along Highway 21, where the road approaches the Sulphur HMA. Highway 21 has been described as "remote," suggesting that traffic on it tends to be sparse, which should minimize inconvenience during installation of these protective features. Funding should be sought from BLM-National, BLM-Utah, your own Field-Office budget, and other state, local, and private sources.
Wildlife Underpasses — Historical Perspective
Utah can rightfully claim that it was the first state to install a wildlife-crossing in North America. In 1971, such an overpass was constructed south of Beaver.
Fast-forward to 2013, when a partnership of governmental agencies and private groups in Utah installed a system of fencing and underpasses along a 12-mile stretch of US Highway 89. The purpose of the $2.6 million-project was to protect Paunsaugunt mule-deer-herd during the animals' seasonal migrations. The subject deer are considered trophy-caliber among sport-hunters, many of whom spend thousands of dollars to shoot one. But, prior to the installation of the fences and underpasses, an average of 100 mule-deer a year were being killed by collisions with automobiles.
What caught my attention was that the project was largely funded by … BLM — even though only 23 percent of the Paunsaugunt Plateau is on BLM-administered land.
The State's management-objective for the mule-deer herd in the Paunsaugunt is a population of 5,200 to 6,500 wintering deer. In addition, predators — specifically, cougars — are "managed" … by hunting them … to "benefit" the deer — or is it to benefit the hunters wanting to kill the deer? Thus, the natural ecological balance is disturbed for the sport of humans.
Interestingly, the most recent data I could locate on Utah's mule-deer population indicated that, post-harvest of 25,000-plus bucks in 2013, there were 332,900. Unlike neighboring states, Utah has a thriving mule-deer population. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorizes the mule deer's conservation-status as a species of "least concern" (LC). Mule deer have even been introduced to … Kauai, Hawaii. Yet, BLM was willing to spend millions to keep 100 of them safe. Surely, BLM will find a way to protect our precious-few-remaining wild horses. The answer is: Fence Highway 21 near the Sulphur HMA!
How Well Did the Highway 89 Underpasses Work?
Not perfectly, but pretty well, according to the article linked below. Deer-deaths are down. Reportedly, it takes about three years for wildlife to become accustomed to the new funnel-structures, so results should continue to improve. One snag was cited: Opportunist-hunters set up camp near the underpasses, and shot deer passing through the funnel. Consequently, other deer, sensing danger, avoided the structures.
Wildlife and Roads — Decision-Guide
At the link below, you will find information and resources regarding the use of overpasses, underpasses, and crosswalks for mitigating collisions between wildlife and vehicles.
You already have the template from the Highway 89 project. Lessons have been learned — what worked, what didn't, and how the system could be improved. Thus, implementation of a corresponding project for Highway 21 should go smoothly. Fence it, and they will cross through the underpasses.
Unlikely Birth-Rate
According to BLM's 2013 population-estimate, the Sulphur herd was reported to have had 384 members. The corresponding estimate for 2014 showed 718 horses.
Let's do the math.
718 in 2014
– 384 in 2013
334 — an 87-percent increase (334 ÷ 384 = 87%).
This is improbable.
Population and Gather Reports — The Data
Per a review of the …
HMA and HA Statistics reports for the Sulphur herd from 2008-2014,
Completed Gathers reports from 2009-2014, and the
Population-figure referenced in BLM's News-Release,
discrepancies are evident.
Sulphur HMA — Utah — Herd Population Changes — 2008 to 2015
The following chart merges the yearly population-estimates with the gather and contraceptive data to reveal how the numbers were calculated and where errors were made. The beginning-of-the-year figure for 2015 — the pre-gather estimate — is per the BLM's News Release.
Max Beginning
Year AML Estimate R-up Done Foal-Crop and Other Figures, Estimates
—— —– ———– ————– —————————————————
2008 250 435 + 87 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 20%
November 522 Pre-gather estimate = 435+87
362 Rounded up
333 Removed
29 Released
160 Assumed to have evaded capture
1 Tacked on
190 Post-gather estimate = 29+160+1
2009 190 + 40 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 21%
230 End-of-year estimate = 190+40
2010 230 + 67 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 29%
December 297 Pre-gather estimate = 230+67
250 Planned to gather
90 Rounded up — 36% of plan
30 Removed
38 Mares vaccinated with PZP
22 Other horses also released
207 Assumed: evaded capture
267 Post-gather estimate = 38+22+207
2011 267 + 53 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 20%
PZP would not have affected mares
—– already pregnant when inoculated.
320 End-of-year estimate = 267+53
2012 320 + 64 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 20%
But that estimate was wrong.
PZP was at maximum effect and
—– would have reduced the foal-crop.
384 End-of-year estimate = 320+64
2013 384 +334 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 87%
Not only implausible generally, but
PZP was still exerting contraceptive
—– effect, would have reduced foal- crop.
718 End-of-year estimate = 384+334
2014 718 +144 BLM estimated foal-crop @ 20%
thus compounding earlier errors.
August 36 Rounded up — "outside"
30 Removed
6 Released
826 Assumed: Still present in HMA
– 2 Subtracted
830 Current estimate = 718+144-30-2
2015 830 Public health and safety excuse used to justify removing 100 wild horses without an EA.
The discrepancies identified herein cast doubt on the validity of the population-estimates. These errors must be reconciled before any decisions regarding removal-actions are considered.
Societal Impact of Inflated Population-Data
The population-estimates for the Sulphur HMA are flawed, exaggerated. The political fallout of this error has been to keep the public in an uproar over an "overpopulation" that BLM's faulty figures portrayed.
Recommendations: BLM needs to correct these errors and, more importantly, acknowledge them to the public. You must correct the record and make genuine efforts to stop this phony-story-gone-viral of a wild-horse population-explosion in Utah.
Mistakes Cost Wild Horses Their Freedom
The planned removals appear to have been hurriedly scheduled to placate the seditious elected officials and their rogue-rancher constituents, who are making a play for taking over the Federal lands in Utah. However, the wild horses must not lose their freedom merely so that BLM can kowtow to rebellious elements in the human population. If you "come clean" and admit your errors, it will tend to deflate the "head-of-steam" that the officials and ranchers are building due to the false appearance created by faulty figures.
Not the First Time Population-Estimates Were Found to Be Flawed
In May 2014, I submitted comments regarding the environmental assessment for Bible Spring Complex, which is also under BLM-Cedar City's jurisdiction. For the three HMAs and the one HA that compose the Complex, major discrepancies were disclosed — one-year growth-rate-estimates of …
125 %
131 %
153 %
157 %
249 %
Thus, the errors uncovered with regard to BLM's population-estimates for the Sulphur HMA are not isolated instances. Together with those revealed for the Bible Spring Complex, these disparities point to a systemic problem.
Recommendations: BLM needs to correct its mathematical errors and acknowledge those mistakes to the public. Elected officials, local permittees, and ordinary taxpayers need to know that the population-estimates previously announced for the Sulphur HMA were wrong. BLM must take responsibility and inform the public that it inadvertently portrayed an incorrect picture — an exaggerated picture — of the herd's population.
Projections per a Twenty-Percent Foal-Survival Rate
Let's see how the population numbers should look if we used BLM's assumption of a 20-percent foaling-rate. I have run the numbers, both including 2014 foals (inequitable) and excluding 2014 foals (correct).
Why 2014's foals should be excluded: When determining animal-unit-month (AUM) use, BLM counts a cow and her calf as one unit. Likewise, a wild mare and her foal should also count as one unit. But in recent years, BLM has been counting foals as separate units. BLM has even been caught estimating wild-horse populations — and thus, AUM-use — to include newborn and even unborn foals. The correct and equitable approach is not to count foals, and certainly not to count fetuses.
Note about birthdays: Some might argue that all horses celebrate their collective birthday on January 1. But that practice is merely a convention of breed-registries, causing their members to employ artificial means to force mares to ovulate out-of-season in order to avoid their offspring being at a physical-maturity disadvantage vis-à-vis competitors. True age is biological age, and wild foals will not be true yearlings for several more months, until spring.
Factoring in PZP's Impact: Herd size was affected by removals and by PZP. Removals, we know. As for PZP, the picture becomes murky.
Dr. Jay Kirkpatrick, the developer of PZP, claims that PZP treatment of wild horses is greater than 95-percent effective.
BLM-Billings, which has been employing PZP for many years to contracept the Pryor Mountain herd, has found that PZP's efficacy averages 90 percent.
A study by Turner et al. (2007), which was cited in the National Research Council's report Using Science to Improve the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Program: A Way Forward, found that PZP-22 remains 85-percent effective after 22 months. Moreover, PZP is known to exert significant contraceptive effect in the third year and beyond.
However, there are too mainly unknowns for me to factor in PZP's effect on the Sulphur herd's growth. So, to proceed conservatively, the estimates below ignore PZP initially and, thus, overstate the population to an unknown extent in that regard. An adjustment will be applied at the end to offset this.
Deaths on the range: Finally, it is assumed — wrongly, but for sake of initial estimates — that no horses died in the past seven years. The estimates ignore fatalities and, thus, further overstate the population. An adjustment encompassing PZP and fatalities will be applied to arrive at a working-estimate.
Bottom line: Every benefit-of-the-doubt has been given.
Sulphur HMA — 20% Growth — Reflecting removals, but not PZP or deaths
2008 — 190 — BLM's population-estimate post-gather November 2008
Year Herd-size
January 1
2009 — 190 — Foal-crop: 38. Those foals would have been born in spring.
2010 — 228 — Foal-crop: 46. Dec. gather removed 30 horses, PZP 38 mares.
2011 — 244 — Foal-crop: 49. PZP does not affect already-pregnant mares.
2012 — 293 — Foal-crop: 59. Even though PZP at maximum-effect.
2013 — 352 — Foal-crop: 70. Even though PZP still in effect.
2014 — 422 — Foal-crop: 84. But gather in Aug removed 30 horses.
2015 — 476 — including the 2014 foal-crop
2015 — 392 — excluding the 2014 foal-crop
It is clear that, using BLM's own data and the "20-percent-per-year" rule, BLM's population-estimate, with or without the 2014 foal-crop, was about double that of a properly-calculated estimate.
Conclusion: If we were to accept BLM's thesis that the herds grow 20 percent every year, then a good working-estimate of the Sulphur herd excluding the 2014 foals would have been about 350. That rounded number reflects a modest 10-percent adjustment to account for the effects of PZP and for deaths-on-the-range that would have reduced the population.
Yes, the estimate exceeds the assigned AML. However, in this case, being "over AML" is not meaningful because the AML and the working-estimate reflect a herd-level that is …
Below minimum-viable population.
No wild horses should be removed. Complete an environmental assessment as required, and fence off Highway 21.
Planned Roundup Would Have a Devastating Impact on the Sulphur Herd
Per the working-estimate of 350, if BLM were to remove 100 horses from the Sulphur herd, it would be a sudden, drastic reduction — nearly 30 percent of the herd. In addition, the type of roundup — targeting horses near Highway 21 — would ignore bloodlines and essentially be a "gate-cut." Thus, the herd's genetic viability would be further impaired.
But it gets worse. Recent studies have shown BLM's "20-percent-per-year" rule to be exaggerated by double.
Longitudinal Study Demonstrates Growth-Rate of Five-to-Ten-Percent
The International Society for the Protection of Mustangs and Burros (ISPMB) has just completed a 14-year study of wild-horse population-growth. The ISPMB herds have been managed per the "hands-off" minimum-feasible level specified in the Wild and Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act.
Results: The study-herds grew from 5-to-10 percent a year. During the study, there were …
No removals
No predators
No PZP
Here is the link to the letter sent in this regard from ISPMB to the Department of the Interior and Bureau of Land Management.
The ISPMB study casts doubt on BLM's standard "20-percent-per-year" rule for estimating herd-growth. Certainly, assumed growth-rates of 29 percent IN 2010 and, especially, the 87 percent growth-rate the BLM assumed for 2014, are implausible. Further, because subsequent estimates were based on false, inflated previous estimates, the errors compounded.
Independent Research Discloses a 10% Foal-to-Yearling Survival-Rate
A study of BLM roundup-records for a representative sample of four herd management areas was recently published (Gregg, LeBlanc, and Johnston, 2014).
The researchers found an effective foal-to-yearling survival-rate of just 10 percent. No matter the birth-rate, what counts is survival. The same pattern likely holds true for the Sulphur herd. Per this study, BLM-Cedar City's assumed growth-rates for the Sulphur herd are deemed not credible.
Projections per a Ten-Percent Growth-and-Survival Rate
Let's see how the population numbers would look if we correctly assumed a ten percent foaling or survival rate. I have run the numbers, both including 2014 foals (inequitable) and excluding 2014 foals (correct).
Sulphur HMA — Per 10% Growth — Modified by Removals, but NOT by PZP
2008 — 190 — BLM's population-estimate post-gather Nov '08
Year Herd-size
January 1
2009 — 190 — Foal-crop: 19.
2010 — 209 — Foal-crop: 21. Dec. gather removed 30 horses, PZP 38 mares.
2011 — 200 — Foal-crop: 20. PZP does not affect already-pregnant mares.
2012 — 220 — Foal-crop: 22. Even though PZP at maximum-effect.
2013 — 242 — Foal-crop: 24. Even though PZP still in effect.
2014 — 266 — Foal-crop: 27. But gather in Aug removed 30 horses.
2015 — 263 — including 2014 foals
2015 — 236 — excluding 2014 foals
It is clear that, using BLM's own data and the "10-percent-per-year" research-finding rule, BLM's population-estimate, with or without the 2014 foal-crop, was more than triple the properly-calculated estimate.
Conclusion: If we were to accept the new research-findings that herds grow 10 percent a year, then a good working-estimate of the Sulphur herd excluding the 2014 foals would have been about 210. That rounded number reflects a modest 10-percent adjustment to account for the effects of PZP and for deaths-on-the-range that would have reduced the population.
However, please note that the working-estimate derived per the independent research's findings of 10-percent growth reflects a population that is …
Below AML and
Below minimum-viable population.
It is clear that BLM should be estimating the wild-horse population according to the latest scientific knowledge. Therefore, no wild horses should be removed. Instead, complete an environmenal assessment and fence off Highway 21.
Could There Really Be 100 Wild Horses Wandering onto the Highway?
Out of a herd best-estimated at 210, it seems implausible that 100 horses — virtually half the population — would have left the 265,711 acres of the HMA and begun hanging out near Highway 21. Indeed, the public safety "concerns" appear phony — like they might well have been concocted by rogue ranchers and seditious county commissioners. The safety-complaint seems more of a ruse to push BLM into conducting a major removal-action that will inure to the benefit of permit-holders. Those parties are agitating to have the State of Utah take over Federal lands and the management of our wild horses. Getting rid of the horses is the ranchers' goal.
Unfortunately, BLM's previous erroneous population-figures made it seem that the ranchers were right about an overpopulation of wild horses, and that by removing just 100 of them, BLM would hardly be making a dent. Thus, it is imperative that BLM set the record straight.
Happy Tone, Ugly Reality
BLM's News Release is deceptively friendly in tone — from naming a meet-up point from which BLM invites prospective observers to start the "escorted tours" to the standard feel-good language about captured horses finding "new homes with families" and pleasant-pastures-for-life for those horses not adopted. Behind the facade, the reality is another story.
Claim of exigency regarding public safety;
Claim that is unverified and reeks of maneuvering by local ranchers.
Pretense that 100 horses are "encroaching on Highway 21″;
Removing horses rather than installing fences along the Highway.
Pretense that population-estimates are reliable numbers;
Finding of huge discrepancies in those estimates.
Pretense that an environmental assessment isn't necessary;
Reality that an EA is required.
Pretense that only 12 percent of the herd would be removed;
Reality that 50 percent of the herd would be unlawfully taken.
Feel-good stories of adoptions and wild horses peacefully living out their lives at pasture
Reality that many of them would be — as they have been — sold to slaughter
Sale to Slaughter for Sulphur HMA Captives
BLM's News Release is disingenuous where it claims that wild horses "removed from near Highway 21 will be made available for adoption through the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Adoption Program." The News Release is also dishonest where it promises that wild horses "not adopted will be cared for in long-term pastures, where they retain their 'wild' status and protection under the 1971 Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burros Act." If only those fairy tales were true. Unfortunately, the opposite is the case. Said adoption program is conducted to bring "three strikes and you're out" to as many horses as quickly as possible, making them eligible to be sold rather than adopted. The long-term pastures program is shrouded in secrecy. The public has no access to check on the horses' welfare. Past scandals have revealed BLM staff involved in selling wild horses to kill-buyers.
A review of BLM records of recent "adoptions" of wild horses that were removed from the Sulphur HMA just six months ago as part of the earlier "near Highway 21″ removal disclosed instances of the Adoption Program auctioning off horses online for just $25, with free delivery to sites known to be frequented by kill-buyers.
Were the mares at issue among those that the New Release reported to "have found new homes with families"? Or did BLM remove wild horses from "near Highway 21″ only to send them down a "highway to Hell"?
AMLs Should Provide for Better Than MVP, but Must Provide for At Least MVP
BLM is required by law to manage the wild horses in self-sustaining herds. To be self-sustaining, a herd must be genetically viable. To achieve viability, sufficient population is necessary.
A scientifically-valid AML needs to comply with the recommendations of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) regarding adequate herd-size for equids. Increasing the AML per the IUCN guidelines also comports with the results of a recent meta-analysis regarding minimum viable population (MVP). Here are the links to the IUCN discussion on equid herd-size and to the MVP meta-analysis report:
BLM needs to increase the low-bound of the Sulphur AML to at least 2,500 and the high-bound to at least 5,000. BLM does have the authority to modify AMLs, and should correct Sulphur herd's through amendments to the Resource Management Plan (RMP) and Herd Management Area Plan (HMAP). These actions should be taken right away. The corrected AML will result in a stocking-rate of one horse per 53 to 106 acres, which compares favorably with the one cow or calf per 38 acres that BLM allows on federal lands, as shown in the analyses that follow.
Sulphur HMA — Utah — AML, and Acres per Wild Horse — Current
AML: 165 to 250 — Below minimum-viable population
Total acres: 265,711 — which is approximately 415 square miles
Acres per wild horse: 1,063 – 1,610 — about 1⅔ to 2½ square miles per horse
Sulphur HMA — Utah — AML, and Acres per Wild Horse — Recommended
AML: 2,500 to 5,000 — Meets minimum-viable population per IUCN
Total acres: 265,711 — which is approximately 415 square miles
Acres per wild horse: 53 – 106 — about 6 to 12 horses per square mile
BLM's National Authorized Livestock AUMs
But can the Sulphur HMA, composed of 265,711 acres sustain up to 2,500 mustangs at 106 acres per horse? What about 5,000 mustangs at 53 acres per horse?
BLM's approach to determining appropriate levels of livestock-grazing suggests that the answer to both questions is "Yes".
Below are the National statistics for authorized commercial livestock-grazing on BLM lands per animal-unit months (AUMs). Note the stocking rate: One cow or calf per 38 acres.
157,000,000 acres of public lands on which BLM allows cattle
1,033,333 cow+calf pairs that BLM permits to graze = AUMs annualized
2,066,666 cow+calf pairs per typical 6-month permit = annual AUMs x 2
4,133,332 cows and calves = pairs x 2
38 acres per cow or calf
BLM may argue that actual livestock use is lower than authorized or permitted use. But because actual use is whatever the permit-holders report on Form 4130-5, and because BLM essentially takes the permit-holders' at their word and bills accordingly … eventually … after-the-fact … maybe … or maybe not (see Bundy, Cliven), the actual-use number is unverified and likely grossly under-reported.
Actual Grazing Use Report — Form 4130-5
As alluded to above, permittees are required to submit an annual report of how many livestock they put out on their respective allotments and for how long. Form 4130-5 "Annual Grazing Use Report" is used for this purpose. It's a one-page document that BLM estimates to take 15 minutes to complete "… including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form."
Form 4130-5 is the basis on which BLM bills the permit-holders. It is also the basis for the claim of reduced-use. Thus, grazing-use is a self-reporting, self-certifying system that is rarely verified. The ease with which permittees could game the system is obvious. Consequently, the veracity of the reports is suspect.
Bundy-Supporting Permittee Grazed His Livestock beyond Authorized Use
In neighboring Nevada, permit-holder Kevin Borba, whose allotment includes land inside the Fish Creek HMA, engaged in unauthorized livestock-grazing "consistently for six months" outside the permitted use. He had his cattle out there year-round. He owes $29,410.62 in fees and fines for willful trespass, but has subsequently sued BLM over the loss of his "rights" and to stop BLM from returning any wild horses to the range following the recent gather.
Such abuses by permittees are likely widespread. Cliven Bundy and Kevin Borba are not alone in this regard. Utah has its share of rogue-ranchers too, as recent events have demonstrated.
What If There Is Not Enough Forage to Support 5,000 Horses?
Nature has its feedback mechanisms that function to right-size a herd to fit the land's carrying capacity. Biologist Robert Bauer points out that
… density dependent inhibition plays an important role also. In this scenario, what that means is that the numbers or density of wild equine, versus competing ruminants, such as the pronghorn, each will fluctuate in response to the other based upon the carrying capacity of the land, yet always in perfect balance. In essence, the pronghorn need the presence of wild horses and burros, just as much as the wild horses need the pronghorn. Each population will have the effect of keeping the numbers of another competing population at levels that are ideal for the carrying capacity of the land.
Genetic Evaluation of the Sulphur Herd
BLM notes that the Sulphur herd has Spanish Barb genetics. Many reportedly have the primitive dorsal stripe and "tiger stripes" on their legs.
Careless and excessive removals of wild horses can nullify preservation-efforts. Thus, the very characteristics for which this herd is known could be lost by ignorant management. BLM-Cedar City is duty-bound to conserve the Sulphur herd and manage it for a self-sustaining, genetically-viable population.
Recommendations: Perform a complete genetic study of the herd. Per test-results on DNA samples analyzed by the Equine Genetics Lab and per guidance from Dr. Gus Cothran, BLM must then develop best management practices to restore and maintain gene-pool diversity via robust population-levels. An AML is valid only if it provides for a optimal population — one that can easily self-sustain its genetic viability and bounce back from random catastrophic events. It is not scientifically valid to conduct removals blindly — without regard to the herd's genetics. Submitting DNA samples after-the-fact has it backwards.
The correct order is:
Sample first.
Sample complete — 100 percent.
Test samples.
Manage per test-results.
There should be no removals or contraceptions without knowing and managing per the genetic data for each herd-member.
Drastic Limitation of Herd-Size Leads to a Non-Viable Gene Pool
I would urge the BLM-Cedar City to study the topic of "genetic drift." An excellent resource is linked below. Please note that stochastic events — random, chance happenings — can eliminate important survival-supporting, adaptive genes from a population. BLM's currently-inadequate AML, enforced through sudden, draconian removals and mass contraceptive vaccinations, could randomly wipe out certain traits that are valuable and well-worth conserving.
Please study the danger of creating a "population bottleneck," which is especially risky when a population is small, as is the case with the mustang-herd in question. Please also review the topic of the "founder effect" — which occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population. It too would apply to previous removals. Refreshing your understanding of these evolutionary impacts will surely make it clear that the proposed intensification of PZP treatment is contraindicated. Here is that link:
Removal of Young Horses that May Be Their Sire or Dam's Only Offspring
Captured horses would likely consist predominantly of mares and their foals, along with band-stallions. Bachelor-stallions escape more easily, resulting in a gender-ratio imbalance post-gather. Too few mares and too many studs is bad for the gene-pool. BLM-Cedar City must be careful in this regard. Because the Sulphur herd's current population is below MVP, and because mares have been contracepted, certain bloodlines could be extinguished by mass-removals.
Helicopters Are Not Safe
BLM-Cedar City has been informed, in previous comments, that helicopters crash a lot. For that reason, helicopter-use should be restricted to functions in service of a higher good, such as saving lives or fighting fires.
Peculiar Way of Addressing Safety Concerns
Please note the irony of using a helicopter-stampede — a dangerous method — to deal with an alleged public-safety concern. Rather than increasing safety, this approach decreases it.
Helicopter-Drive — an Inhumane Roundup Method
Using helicopters to round up wild horses is inhumane. There is no way to make it humane. Helicopter-roundups are examples of worst management practices. It is a national scandal that they still continue, bringing disgrace to the Agency and reflecting poorly on the Administration.
Abusive Behavior by Helicopter Pilots during Gathers
As has been documented on video, helicopter-pilots conducting roundups become frustrated by the wild horses' lack of cooperation. Impatient to get the horses moving faster, the pilots ram the horses with the aircrafts' landing skids, in some cases even flipping the animals into a somersault. There is video documentation of such abuses, and a court found that they had indeed occurred. Worse yet, much of the abuse goes undetected because the roundup-pilot generally flies solo.
There has also been documentation of contractor-wranglers whipping wild horses in the face, kicking them in the head, dragging them by the neck with ropes, using electric prods on them.
No Horse Left Behind
The helicopter contractors are incentivized to leave no horse ungathered. In addition to the flat-fee-for-service, they earn a per-horse-fee. Thus, they have reason to go after every last horse in order to "make their numbers." Indeed, during the November 2012 Wassuk (NV) HMA roundup, we saw how determined the contractors were to get their per-horse payment. We also observed how the attending USDA veterinarian and the BLM officials present did nothing to stop the abuse.
An Angry Contractor May Be Headed Your Way
In case BLM-Cedar City were planning to employ the same helicopter-contractor who just worked the Fish Creek gather in Nevada, here is information you need to know.
Because that roundup was called off about 75 horses short of the planned number, the contractor was not happy. In fact, he tried to confront one of the humane-observers to make his displeasure known. She wisely refused to be provoked and just walked away.
Because the contractor's profit-pump is primed, he could likely be more aggressive than usual. He could take out his frustrations on the horses.
Some Observers May Be Pumped-Up Too
Roundup-observers are bound to include anti-wild-horse parties — local ranchers, local elected officials. They are likely to be eager to bring a lawsuit against BLM on any pretext in sympathy with the Bundy-supporting, trespass-permittee in Nevada who, along with Eureka County Commissioners, just filed an IBLA appeal with regard to the Fish Creek gather.
The political weather is unstable. That is another good reason to call off the roundup.
Easy for Helicopter-Pilot to "Poach" Wild Horses from Neighboring HMAs
A glance at the map of the Sulphur HMA shows that Highway 21 approaches its boundary at one point before veering off again. The map also shows that Highway 21 passes by Blawn Wash, which is not-that-far east of the Sulphur HMA. Blawn Wash is associated with the Bible Spring Complex. However, having been downgraded to an HA, Blawn Wash is officially "off limits" to wild horses.
How easy it would be for a disgruntled and therefore highly-motivated helicopter-pilot to "poach" wild horses from the Bible Spring Complex by driving them into Blawn Wash. What would stop him from capturing wild horses that never set hoof near Highway 21? BLM needs to ask itself: Are we honestly trying to catch the Highway 21 trespassers, or are we allowing permittees to bully us into removing any 100 wild horses that the helicopter can find? The horses thus-captured might not even include the few that are — allegedly — "encroaching" on the Highway.
Possible Collusion with Permit-Holders
Perhaps, as you read this, permit-holding ranchers are in the HMA, pushing wild horses toward the Highway.
1. Stop action. Cancel gather.
2. Complete environmental assessment.
3. Correct errors in the population-estimates.
4. Fence off Highway 21. Install wildlife-underpasses as needed. Apply the funds you would have used for this gather to begin construction of fences and underpasses.
5. Bring 'em back home. In the meantime, if a few wild horses really are straying onto Highway 21 — and the claim seems suspiciously-like a self-serving story that ranchers would invent — then BLM staff on horseback should be out on the scene "shooing" the mustangs back into the HMA. How else will the horses learn where they can and cannot roam? In short order, they will get the message.
6. Make it so they want to stay home. BLM should install multiple guzzlers deep within the HMA so that the wild horses will have water-sources available. That will reduce their dependency on stock-tanks operated by permit-holders. BLM should also entice the horses to stay home by placing treats such as mineral licks well-inside the HMA. BLM must remediate conditions that prompted the wild horses to wander. However, if the horses are following a seasonal migration route, then a wildlife corridor for them must be established. Regardless of these good measures, it is still essential to fence off Highway 21.
7. Amend the RMP and HMAP now to provide for a genetically-viable herd. The current AML and the actual wild-horse population of the Sulphur HMA are below mininum-viable population (MVP).
8. Increase the low-bound of the AML to 2,500 and the high-bound to 5,000.
9. Conduct a 100-percent evaluation of the Sulphur HMA herd's genetic status.
10. Say "No" to helicopters.
Marybeth Devlin
Public comment needed for proposed Red Desert wild horse roundup
(Wyoming) – The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Rawlins and Lander Field offices are accepting public comments prior to preparing an Environmental Assessment (EA) on a proposed wild horse gather in the Red Desert Herd Management (HMA) and surrounding area to be placed on the national schedule.
The Red Desert Complex includes the following HMAs and corresponding Appropriate Management Level (AML) ranges: Lost Creek HMA 60-82, Stewart Creek HMA 125-175, Antelope Hills HMA 60-82, Crooks Mountain HMA 65-85, and Green Mountain HMA 170-300. The proposed operation would include gathering wild horses, treating all mares to be released with PZP-22 (Porcline Zona Pellucida) fertility control vaccine, and removing horses which have moved outside the HMAs. Mares will be treated with the fertility control to slow reproduction rates, maintain population size within the AML, and to extend the time period between gather operations. Population surveys conducted in August 2013 reveal a number of wild horses have moved outside the HMAs. Those horses, as well as the foals, would be gathered and removed from the range.
Written substantive comments will be most useful if received by March 20 via fax, mail, email:email@example.com (please include "Red Desert Complex Scoping Comments" in the subject line), or hand delivery during regular business hours (7:45 a.m. – 4:30 p.m.) to:
Benjamin Smith, Wild Horse & Burro Specialist Trent Staheli, Rangeland Management Specialist
BLM Rawlins Field Office (Acting Wild Horse & Burro Specialist)
P.O. Box 2407 BLM Lander Field Office
Rawlins, Wyoming 82301 1335 Main Street
Fax: (307) 328-4224 Lander, Wyoming 82520
Fax: (307) 332-8444
For more information, visit: http://www.blm.gov/wy/st/en/info/NEPA/documents/rfo/red-desert.html.
Prayers needed now for the Sulfur wild horses in Utah
Save wild horses in Oregon from getting more strikes
Please help network these wild horses to a good home. They received a STRIKE against them from the last Internet Adoption because they were passed over.
MARY in foal #08022753
Sex: Mare Age: 7 Years Height (in hands): 14.1
Necktag #: 2753 Date Captured: 10/14/14
Color: Bay Captured: Palomino Buttes (OR)
Tag#-2753. This is a 7 year-old bay mare gathered from the Palomino Buttes HMA in OR in October 2014. Freezemark: 08022753
There is a likely possibility that this mare is currently carrying a foal. By the time the internet adoption closes and shipping arrangements are made, this horse will be too far along in her pregnancy to travel healthily via livestock truck hauling. Therefore…this horse MUST BE PICKED UP directly from Oregon's Wild Horse Corral Facility in Hines, OR.
There were no bids placed on MARY during the last Internet Adoption so she received another STRIKE.
Mary needs someone to care for her and her foal. If she gets 3 STRIKES the BLM can legally sell her to slaughter according to the Burns Amendment. Please contact us if you run into BLM red tape. Our email is firstname.lastname@example.com
SAM is only 2 years old and he received another STRIKE
Sex: Gelding Age: 2 Years Height (in hands): 14.1
Necktag #: 2735 Date Captured: 10/14/14
Color: Bay Captured: Palomino Buttes (OR)
Tag#: 2735. This is a 2 year old bay gelding gathered from the Palomino Buttes HMA in OR in October 2014. Freezemark: 13022735
This horse is currently located at the Corral Facility in Hines, Oregon. For more information, contact Patti Wilson at email firstname.lastname@example.com or Tara at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Pick up options (by appt): Burns, OR; Delta, UT; Elm Creek, NE; Pauls Valley, OK; Piney Woods, MS.
Other pick up options: Ewing, IL (march 20); Montgomery, AL (March 27).
Adoption confirmation for this animal must be finalized no later than Noon Mountain February 12, 2015. After this date, all unclaimed animals will be available for in-person walk up adoption ONLY.
There were no bids placed on SAM during the Internet Adoption so he received another dangerous STRIKE
Pine Nut wild horses need your help to stay free
Only 332 Pine Nut wild horses left on more than 90,000 acres of public land set aside for their principal but not exclusive use and BLM still wants to decimate the herd.
Protect Mustangs went out on the Pine Nut range, near Carson City, last Friday after the judge's ruling and found less wild horses than we hoped we would. This herd is probably the most famous herd in Nevada from the film The Misfits, starring Clark Gable and Marilyn Monroe.
We are grateful to have found the Pine Nut wild horses living in peace and harmony on their native land. For now they escaped the cruel roundup, forced drugging, removals and tearing apart of families forever. Thanks to Friends of Animals' & Protect Mustangs' Pine Nut lawsuit–currently active in federal court–these wild horses won't be shipped off to sordid holding pens without shade or shelter from the elements. Those over 10-years-old won't be shipped to slaughter while we continue to fight in court for what's right.
Protect the Pine Nut Herd T-Shirts are still available here https://www.booster.com/protectpinenutwildhorses so you can show your support and wear the message when you visit your Congressional Representative to update them on the wild horse crisis in the West
Wild horses must never be forced to live in zoo-like settings with humans running a PZP-based breeding program–abolishing the survival of the fittest. This would manage them to extinction.
There is a lot of misinformation and fear mongering going around about our Pine Nut lawsuit. Some Spin Dr.s are making false claims to confuse the public and their followers about the PZP issue within our lawsuit.
Here are the facts: PZP doesn't stop roundups. The BLM would need to roundup the herd with helicopters to give them the EPA approved pesticide–made from slaughterhouse pig ovaries–known as PZP. Then they would use that as an excuse to rip 200 wild horses from their native land–never to return. Today the herd is underpopulated on the range. When nature's balance is disrupted and there aren't enough left to help eat the grass, then catastrophic wildfires will occur. The BLM's chosen management number for the Pine Nut wild horses is outrageously low.
What the Spin Dr.s really don't want you to know is that PZP sterilizes after multiple use. You might want to read the truth about the lawsuit, directly from the court and government documents below:
Here is Judge Hicks' order granting the preliminary injunction: http://protectmustangs.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/PM-Pine-Nut-Order-Granting-Preliminary-Inj..pdf
This is the EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet wherein the registrant names wild horses as "PESTS": http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/reg_actions/pending/fs_PC-176603_01-Jan-12.pdf
Here is Dr. Cassandra Nunez's 40 page affidavit about PZP: http://protectmustangs.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/PM-Nunez_Decl-_Final.pdf
We are so grateful justice is unfolding in court but the wild ones need your help.
The Pine Nut wild horses are very, very happy they have been spared for now. It's essential to get technical services for court evidence to keep them free and safe in the wild. If you would like to take direct action to help these wild horses continue to live in freedom, please make your tax-deductible donation today right here: http://www.gofundme.com/lqsy50 and please share this post widely. Thank you, because it takes a village.
In gratitude,
Anne Novak
Executive Director
Links of interest™:
CBS Sunday Morning News: Pine Nut wild horses, 2013 (Available footage by Carl Mrozek) http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/nature-wild-horses/
Associated Press: US judge temporarily blocks wild horse roundup in Nevada over contraception controversy: http://www.havasunews.com/nation/us-judge-temporarily-blocks-wild-horse-roundup-in-nevada-over/article_2a0b7c5e-b360-11e4-a62d-bbc93d2384d8.html
Scene from The Misfits: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvGF0YhPSZg
Court order granting preliminary injunction: http://protectmustangs.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/PM-Pine-Nut-Order-Granting-Preliminary-Inj..pdf
US judge "troubled" by mustang roundup planned in Nevada (Associated Press) went viral: http://www.idahostatesman.com/2015/02/09/3636398_us-judge-troubled-by-latest-mustang.html?rh=1
Lawsuit targets Nevada wild horse roundup (USA TODAY) http://usat.ly/1yNrjLy
EPA Pesticide Fact Sheet for PZP: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/reg_actions/pending/fs_PC-176603_01-Jan-12.pdf
Dr. Cassandra Nunez's 40 page affidavit on PZP: http://protectmustangs.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/PM-Nunez_Decl-_Final.pdf
Freinds of Animals: www.FriendsofAnimals.org
Latest suit to block Nevada mustang roundups targets drugs (Associated Press) went viral: http://www.idahostatesman.com/2015/02/01/3622737_latest-suit-to-block-nevada-mustang.html?rh=1
Wild-horse activists kicked out of federal meeting in Nevada, (Associated Press) went viral: http://bit.ly/1zHGrjY
Activists split on US agency"s plans to treat 250 mares with fertility-control drug in Nevada: (Associated Press) went viral: http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/dec/28/activists-rip-blms-plans-to-remove-750-more-mustan/
Forum on PZP: http://on.fb.me/1DfKqSJ
Protect Mustangs www.ProtectMustangs.org, firstname.lastname@example.com, 415-531-8454
BREAKING NEWS: Judge temporarily blocks the roundup and forced drugging of beloved herd from THE MISFITS starring Marilyn Monroe
For immediate release:
Anne Novak, Executive Director, Protect Mustangs; 415.531.8454; email@example.com
Jenni Barnes, staff attorney, FoA's Wildlife Law Program 720.949.7791; firstname.lastname@example.com
Mike Harris, Director, Wildlife Law Program; 720.949.7791; email@example.com
BREAKING NEWS: Judge temporarily blocks the roundup and forced drugging of beloved Nevada herd known from THE MISFITS
Government cannot rely on a five-year-old environmental analysis that ignores allegations of pesticide dangers
RENO, NV (February 11, 2015)—U.S. District Judge Larry Hicks has granted Protect Mustangs and Friends of Animals a motion for a preliminary injunction to stop the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) roundup and permanent removal of 200 wild horses in the Pine Nut Herd Management Area (HMA) and the roundup of another 132 wild horses so that an estimated 66 mares can be given the drug PZP, an EPA approved pesticide, as a form of birth control. These wild horses belong to the most famous horse herd in NV–the one featured in The Misfits starring Clark Gable and Marilyn Monroe–which helped pave the way for the Wild Horse & Burro Act of 1971. This herd now faces possible obliteration, despite the Act and advocates are fighting to stop a travesty with attorneys Michael Harris and Jennifer Barnes from Friends of Animals Wildlife Law program and attorney Jennifer Spencer from Cavanaugh-Bill Law Offices in Elko, Nevada
"Today is a milestone for America's wild horses who have been scapegoated for range damage and forcibly drugged with PZP in experiments for decades," states Anne Novak, executive director of Protect Mustangs based in San Francisco. "They should never live in zoo-like settings on public land. That's not freedom. Wild horses are a native species who contribute to the ecosystem. They belong here."
Hicks said that with the proposed Pine Nut roundup, which was slated to begin Feb. 20, 2015, the BLM has failed to satisfy the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) and other federal laws that are applicable.
"Accordingly, the court finds that the public interest will be best served by enjoining the BLM's proposed gather, at least until the court has an opportunity to fully consider the merits of plaintiffs' claims," Hicks said.
"We are delighted that the Court agreed with Friends of Animals and Protect Mustangs that BLM is obligated to fully evaluate under NEPA each and every proposed round-up," said Michael Harris, director of Friends of Animals' (FoA's) Wildlife Law Program. "In relying upon a stale Environmental Assessment from 2010, BLM has not met its duty to fully inform the public about the impacts associated with its plan to permanently remove more than 200 wild horses from the Pine Nut Range, and to dose dozens of mares with the fertility drug PZP. It is time for BLM to evaluate the harsh reality that PZP has long-term detrimental effects on wild horses."
"I would say this is a major victory for wild horses and reflects rising concerns about rounding up and drugging wild horses with PZP," added Jennifer Barnes, staff attorney with FoA's Wildlife Law Program.
"I'm grateful that the wild herd I've been studying for 50 years has received justice in federal court today." Craig Downer, director of ecology and conservation at Protect Mustangs. "This is an opportunity to prove our case to restore the herds."
Protect Mustangs is a nonprofit organization who protects and preserves native and wild horses.
# # #
Links of interest™:
February 11th Court order granting preliminary injunction: PM Pine Nut Order Granting Preliminary Inj.
US judge temporarily blocks wild horse roundup in Nevada (Associated Press) http://www.idahostatesman.com/2015/02/11/3640649_us-judge-temporarily-blocks-wild.html?rh=1
US judge "troubled" by mustang roundup planned in Nevada (Associated Press) went viral: http://www.idahostatesman.com/2015/02/09/3636398_us-judge-troubled-by-latest-mustang.html?rh=1
Lawsuit targets Nevada wild horse roundup (USA TODAY) http://usat.ly/1yNrjLy
Latest suit to block Nevada mustang roundups targets drugs (Associated Press) went viral: http://www.idahostatesman.com/2015/02/01/3622737_latest-suit-to-block-nevada-mustang.html?rh=1
Jan. 26th Press release: Protect Mustangs & Friends of Animals file lawsuit to stop Pine Nut Mountains roundup: http://protectmustangs.org/?p=7806
Wild-horse activists kicked out of federal meeting in Nevada, (Associated Press) went viral: http://bit.ly/1zHGrjY
Activists split on US agency"s plans to treat 250 mares with fertility-control drug in Nevada: (Associated Press) went viral: http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/dec/28/activists-rip-blms-plans-to-remove-750-more-mustan/
Forum on PZP: http://on.fb.me/1DfKqSJ
EPA Pesticide fact Sheet for PZP: http://1.usa.gov/1zKMiWy
Protect Mustangs on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ProtectMustangs
ProtectMustangs on Twitter: https://twitter.com/ProtectMustangs
Anne Novak on Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheAnneNovak
A brief history of wild horses in the news: http://bit.ly/1LsjGEz
Championing public comment and wild horses in court
Pine Nut wild horse roundup is on hold
In response to a lawsuit filed Jan.26 by Friends of Animals (FoA) and Protect Mustangs against the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the roundup of wild horses and forced drugging of mares planned by the government agency in the Pine Nut Herd Management Area (HMA) of Nevada has been halted at least until Feb. 17. The court has set Feb. 9 as the hearing date for FoA and Protect Mustangs to make their preliminary injunction motion.
Links of interest™
Plaintiffs Motion for Preliminary Injunction and/or Temporary Restraining Order PM Mot. Preliminary Inj._Pine Nut HMA_vfinal-2
Declaration of Cassandra Nuñez: PM Nunez_Decl _Final
Declaration of Craig Downer: PM Downer Decl_Pine Nut Roundup_Final
Declaration of Anne Novak: Novak Decl _Pine Nut Round-up_signed
Declaration of Nicole Rivard: PM Rivard Decl._Signed_Pine Nut roundup
Complaint filed in court January 26, 2015: PM Complaint_As Filed_Pine Nut
Lawsuit targets Nevada wild horse roundup (USA TODAY) http://usat.ly/1yNrjLy
Jan. 26th Press release: Protect Mustangs & Friends of Animals file lawsuit to stop Pine Nut Mountains roundup: http://protectmustangs.org/?p=7806
Wild-horse activists kicked out of federal meeting in Nevada, (Associated Press) went viral: http://bit.ly/1zHGrjY
Activists split on US agency"s plans to treat 250 mares with fertility-control drug in Nevada: http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/dec/28/activists-rip-blms-plans-to-remove-750-more-mustan/
Forum on PZP: http://on.fb.me/1DfKqSJ
EPA Pesticide fact Sheet for PZP: http://1.usa.gov/1zKMiWy
Protect Mustangs on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ProtectMustangs
ProtectMustangs on Twitter: https://twitter.com/ProtectMustangs
Anne Novak on Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheAnneNovak
A brief history of wild horses in the news: http://bit.ly/1LsjGEz
Flyover reveals low wild horse and burro population in California
Craig Downer and Jesica Johnston's Twin Peaks Flight Report
An independent aerial survey was completed over northeastern California and northwestern Nevada for the Twin Peaks Wild Horse and Burro Herd Management Area on December 22, 2014. The objective was to estimate the population of wild horses (Equus caballus) and burros (Equus asinus) and to monitor the habitat recovery from the Rush Fire, which burned 315,577 acres in August 2012. The flight and pilot were arranged and made possible through LightHawk.
During the aerial survey a total of 62 horses and 11 burros were counted along the 174 miles of transect strips flown within the Twin Peaks Herd Management Area boundary. In addition, several groups of approximately 90 trespass cattle grazing on public land were documented in the no grazing restricted area from the 2012 Rush Fire. These were found in the south-western section of the Twin Peaks Grazing Allotment #00701 in the Skedaddle mountain range.
Using the aerial strip transect method, the survey estimated the populations of wild horses and burros in the Twin Peaks Wild Horse and Burro Herd Management Area as follows:
(a) 447-593 wild horses (including some mules)
(b) 101-120 wild burros
Follow this link to read the full report: Twin Peaks Flight Report
ACTION ALERT! USA TODAY Covers the lawsuit to PROTECT the Pine Nut Wild Horses #WildHorseWednesday
Send the USA TODAY article to your Congressional Rep and 2 Senators via email and fax. Tell them there are only 332 Pine Nut wild horses left on 90,000 acres close to Lake Tahoe and Carson City, NV. Ask your elected officials to intervene to PROTECT this federally protected and treasured herd who belongs to all Americans from coast to coast. Make sure they know they are UNDERPOPULATED (only 332 left on the vast range), healthy and loved by the community at large! Stop the Roundup and Stop Forcibly Drugging Native Wild Horses with PZP, Sterilizing them or Experimenting on them!
Here is the article in USA TODAY http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/01/28/nevada-pine-nut-wild-horse-roundup/22467797/ Thank you for publishing this!
Find your elected officials here: http://www.contactingthecongress.org
We have started an action group on Facebook and you are invited: PROTECT the PINE NUTS WILD HORSES here: https://www.facebook.com/groups/448585235292436/
This is just the beginning. JOIN www.ProtectMustangs.org for updates. $5 Membership fees can be sent to email@example.com via PayPal.com and donation information is here. Thank you for taking action to protect the last remaining wild horses in America.


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The University of Arizona
Since arriving as visiting scholar at the Confluencenter, casual conversations have more than once raised the idea of a yet-undeveloped concept: confluential.
For more than a century, people have been telling stories of ghosts across the University of Arizona campus.
Photo: Patrick McArdle/UANews
Photo credit: Patrick McArdle/UANews
My poems are drawn from my unique experience as a woman combat veteran and also someone who has lived in Afghanistan as a civilian.
Photo credit: Eric Hervey
When Becky Baumert learned about the project to restore Old Main, she reached out to Corky Poster, the architect. She had a story to tell him about another architect: her great-grandfather, who designed the original building more than a century ago.
The moments that University of Arizona student photojournalists captured while studying in Italy range from the routine to the spectacular: a casual view of a woman reading in a leather shop, devout tourists lighting church candles, locals perusing open plazas and a glass blower intensely focusing on his work.
At the School of Art, students have access to a sizable printmaking facility where they are able to produce lithography, relief and intaglio works. It is part of the University of Arizona's effort to train students in classical artistic works at a time when students also are helping to drive the re-emerging popularity of printmaking.
How do we define and communicate the concept of sustainability?
Organizers of the Arizona Higher Education Sustainability Conference, held at the University of Arizona in April, posed that question to students and employees from colleges and universities throughout Arizona, who responded in the form of artistic works.
Members of the Arizona Choir and the UA Symphonic Choir are in Europe to perform at Vienna's Musikverein and Prague's Dvořák Hall in a once-in-a-lifetime experience after having received a personal invitation to present.
Remember that scary, automated, devil-baby-in-a-buggy prank and promotion in New York that was going viral on the Internet, eventually making it on to the "Today" show? University of Arizona School of Theatre, Film and Television alumnus Tyler Gillet co-directed that film, called "Devil's Due."


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Reviews for Finding Love |
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Clembo29 chapter 44 . 6/2/2009 Loved it! |
Ishida-Lover0791 chapter 44 . 5/17/2009 OH MY GOSH...loved it. I wanted some things answered... LIKE the ring...I really wanted to know what design he went ... that made Troy KNOW what he wanted. GREAT JOB :D |
Flyawayhome624 chapter 7 . 4/25/2009 I am so happy that she is going to break up with Ryan and be with Troy can't wait to see what happens next. |


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TD-Complete Submission
What to expect when you're expecting (an acceptance letter)
4.15 / 5.00 3,900 ViewsThanks again for putting me on the front page! But now I'll take the time to answer a few of your most asked questions:
"What was the music you used called?"
1) The first musical piece I used was "O Fortuna" and the second was the trailer theme from "The Patriot"
"Why is Omega's hair grey/white if he is a saiyan?
2)Omega was constructed artificially in a lab, so there are changes.
"This one is so short..When is the full version comming out?"
3)I'm hoping to release it by the end of the summer but I'm not sure if I can finish it in that time. I'm aiming to make ep1 around 3-4 minutes long, so that's going to take a long time with the animation and all so I can't be sure EXACTLY when it's going to be released.
Thanks again
[UPDATE] I'm on the front page!! Thanks to everyone that enjoyed my movie. I'm definentley making a sequel and I'm taking all of you criticisms into consideration. And by the way, the second musical piece I used was the trailer theme from "The Patriot"
This is a prelude to a new chapter I'm creating in the DB timeline. DBI (Dragon Ball Infinite) takes place 1000 years after the events of DBZ, so that means new characters and a new story (EVERYTHING IS FULLY ANIMATED)
-turn quality to medium or low depending if your computer is slow or not
-If this gets a good score then I'll continue with the series
Omega, Beta, Gamma's, ABC
It'd been better if Viens name was Beta but Vein is definently a good name for a sayain. Great job I realy like Omega he reminds me of Vegeta. Could use optional voice acting but hell it doesn't need it at all. Great Job especialy on the music
Can you send me that font after the story and preloader? PLEASE :D
the font I used was Futura XBlk BT :)
best db thing ive ever seen!
that was the best DBZ thing ive ever seen! it was awsome! the fact u came up with it is awsome! i cant wait for the series to continue! keep it likee that and ull be a f*cking star!
Looking forword to it!
Looks good, the graphix do need a little spiffing up....but I cant wait to start the series!
Very Cool
I think that this is an extrodinary movie, not only is it nice and violent, but the music that you chose is absolutely superb to develop its mood. There are only a few minor problems that i had.
1: when anything hits the ground a huge square appears in the center of the screen, a cool effect, but it gets VERY old
2:When the good guy talks at the end the blood doesnt move with his face
3:The white haired saiyans hands look real bad for the animation, work on that
Mostly i loved it, DBZ mad me angry when i watched it because there was so much crap and not enpugh fighting, this was great and straight to the point. I suggest not adding real character voices because you are great at putting the music with character actions. (that was my favorite thing about this movie)
Not bad, but could've been way better
If you could just work on those graphics it would really be a great flash.


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"The harder you work, the luckier you get." by Gary Player
Below is the poem entitled Empty Within which was written by poet James Johnson III. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by James Johnson III
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An empty heart equals an empty life I the feel cold within I feel so much strife What is love? Can you tell me how it feels I've read the scrolls, I've broken the seals They tell a story, one I have never known Through my travels in life I have been all alone No one to encourage me, no one to uplift my soul With love, I am a clumsy as a new born foal Galloping along with feeble legs I fall No strength within to allow me to stand tall Head hung low while I walk across this earth Never knowing love, neither knowing my true worth Where my heart once was, now abides a bloody rag As I am subdued I raise my white flag


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Bankesters with Jamie Johnson at Station Inn
Phil Bankester set a camera up back at the soundboard during The Bankesters' CD release party at Nashville's Station Inn on July 6.
They were celebrating their newest album, appropriately titled The Bankesters, which includes a duet between Emily Bankester and Jamie Johnson of The Grascals. The two trade verses on Dennis Duff's My Love Will Follow You, the first single from the CD.
Here's Phil's static-cam video of the first-ever live performance of the song with Johnson.
You can see the studio promotional video for the song here.
John Lawless
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Category: Bluegrass Videos
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