text: JapaneseJournal of Religious Studies 1989 1611 Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man: End6 Shiisaku, Christianity, and Japanese Historical Consciousness Richard E. DURFEE Jr. Introduction In many ways, Endb Shfisaku is anything but an ordinary man. He possesses the peculiarity of living as a socially unorthodox and religiously radical minority in a nation of people who strongly value homogeneity and conformity. Ends Shiisaku is a contemporary novelist who lives the somewhat unordinary life of what some consider to be a profound para- dox; he is both Catholic and Japanese. Many, both foreigners and native Japanese alike, see being Christian as denying much of what it means to be genuinely Japanese, and view being Japanese as excluding the pos- sibility of being completely Christian. Endb is to some extent an enigma because most of his literary work has been a response to this unordinary situation. Furthermore, by responding publicly, he has become a spokes- man of sorts for those who share his dilemma. All of these things combine to render Ends Shiisaku something other than an ordinary man. Over the course of his career, Endd's response to his historical situation has evolved as the historical condition itself has changed. His early expe- riences as a convert to Catholicism living in post-war Europe had consid- erable impact upon his writing. Initially, through the characters and stories of his novels, the majority of his effortswent toward making people aware of the apparent mutual incompatibility and the self denial that he felt in being a Japanese Christian. His aim was to clarify the supposedly ir- reconcilable differences between Japanese and Western religious sensibi- lities. His arguments centered around the Japanese propensity to change 42 Japanese J o u m l of Religious Studies 16/1 everything they adopt from abroad, conflicts between European and Jap- anese understanding and experience of sin, and the Japanese inability to comprehend an absolute, transcendent and yet loving, father image of God. Eventually, End6 brought his Catholicism home to Japan, and his emphasis self-consciously shifted away from informing others about the problems associated with cultural incompatibility to finding a means to resolve the conflicts. This evolution of Endo's approach signifies a newly awakened historical consciousness. In other words, End6 discovered his historicity or the need to find and make meaning in the present world he inhabits by reconciling it with his own particular past. From the larger perspective, the conflicts that arise in reconciling one's past with one's present are quite ordinary; ultimately, virtually everyone is faced with this task. For some, like the culturally and historically homoge- neous Japanese, this reconciliation may be unconscious because the past and the present can become fused in today's tradition and the conflicts concealed beneath contemporary cultural continuity. If, in his Japanese world, End6 were an entirely ordinary man, he might have avoided the specific conflicts and consequential attempts at resolution that his life has represented. In such a case, he may never have gained any awareness of his historicity at all. However, because he is faced with being different and out of the ordinary in hisJapanese world, his appropriation of his own past has been raised to a level of self consciousness. T h e sense of isolation within his own culture has prompted End6 and many others to conclude that Japanese Christians are alone and unique in having to deal with the dilemma of historicity. T h e inclination to see himself as unique in the world is aggravated by his historical conditioning. Notwithstanding Endb's confrontation with pluralism, the presumptions underlying his efforts to show the differences between East and West have prevented him from completing his historical consciousness and realizing that no one in the world can escape their own historical grounding and the need to find meaning in the present. Endb's blindness to the fact that the rest of the world participates in his historical dilemma is a result of the fact that he is grounded in Japanese culture. In particular, Endb's analy- sis has been tainted by the collective myth' of Japanese uniqueness or n i h o n ~ o nConsequently, in spite of the partial realization of his histori- .~ 1 I use the word "myth" not in the religious studies term-of-artsense referring to a nar- rative, but in the popular pejorative sense meaning something that is uncritically held to be true which is actually false. 2 For a discussion of an entire genre of Japaneseliterature devoted to extollingJapanese uniqueness, see DAVIS 1983, p. 213. DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 43 city, he has consistently failed to see from the vantage point of the larger perspective from which he is, although unknowingly, no more and no less than an ordinary man. For religious studies, Endb's response to his religious environment makes his work significant, not necessarily for what he says about his reli- gion, but certainly for the meaning of what he says as a religious event. When viewed in terms of being a religious phenomenon in response to a changing pluralistic situation, End6's way of dealing with his circumstan- ces is a significant manifestation of the Japanese historical consciousness. Studying what End6 has said, and understanding how he perceives him- self historically, afford us considerable insight into the nature of the con- flicts implicit in being both Japanese and Christian, the Japanese attempt to resolve these conflicts, and how the Japanese in generalview themselves in terms of such conflicts and resolutions. Lost Innocence End6 Shtisaku was born in Tokyo in 1923.As a three year old child he lived for a short time in Manchuria, but soon returned toJapan with his divorced mother to live with her sister who was Christian (ENDO1973, p.3). At the age of 1 1,without considerable personal investigation, End6 submitted to the wishes of his mother and aunt and was baptized a Catholic with the Christian name of Paul (ENDO1978, intro. p. 5). In a frequently quoted comment made later in his adult life, End6 describes how his youthful con- version to Christianity affected his literary efforts, and practically gives an outline of his entire literary career. I received baptism when I was a child . . . in other words, my Catholicism was a kind of ready-made suit. . . . I had to decide either to make this ready made suit fit my body or get rid of it and find another suit that fitted. . . . There were many times when I felt I wanted to get rid of my Catholicism, but 1 was finally unable to do so. It is not just that I did not throw it off, but that I was unable to throw it off. The reason for this must be that it had become a part of me after all. The fact that it had penetrated me so deeply in my youth was a sign, I thought, that it had, in part at least, become coexistensive with me. Still, there was always the feeling in my heart that it was something bor- rowed, and I began to wonder what my real self was like. This I think is the 'mud swamp' Japanese in me. From the time I first began to write novels even to this present day, this con- frontation of my Catholic self with the self that lies underneath has, like an idiot's constant refrain, echoed and reechoed in my Japanese J o u d of Religious Studies l 6 / l work. I felt that I had to in some way reconcile the two (End6 1969, p. 13). End6 was a small and sickly child, and grew up to be a small and sickly adult. He was eighteen years old when the United States entered World War 11.Japan had already been at war for some time, and End6 grew to adulthood as a Christian in a non-Christian nation at war with the Chris- tian west. He was able to avoid the draft on account of his poor health, but served briefly in the civilian war service. Near the end of the war End6 entered Waseda University as a pre-med student, but finally graduated from Keio University in French literature instead (ENDF1972, p. 1). In 1950 he left for France as the very firstJapanese to study abroad since the war. Near the end of his three year study period in France, he was hospi- talized and eventually had to return home severely ill to undergo two more hospitalizations and serious surgery (ENDO 1973, p. 3). Like a child that had stepped unsuspecting into adulthood where all pretensions of innocence are shattered, End6's early writings are sympto- matic of the conflicts brought about by his coming of age in Europe. His writing reflects that he was somewhat immune from concern over Japa- nese loss or victory in the war; he felt no particular personal setback with Japan's defeat. End6 went to France as a Christian going to a Christian country, with the assumption that he would find at least as much congruity for himself there as he did being a Christian in Japan-a non-Christian country. What he found instead was frustration. The open pluralistic society of Europe was incomprehensible from a perspective shaped in isolated and homogeneous pre-war Japan. End6 was surprised to find European culture so alien and inaccessible. Because he had identified his Christianity with European culture, End6 was not prepared to find it so diverse and difficult to appropriate. The mutual lack of understanding be- tween himself and Europeans greatly aggravated the intensity of his in- ternal conflict over being a Japanese Christian. End6 was forever altered by the internal turmoil awakened within him in the West. From the time of his return from Europe, End6's work has dealt with the conflicts he felt from being both Japanese and Christian, and from his inability to completely enter European culture. He has been preoccupied with apostates, foreigners, unfeeling Japanese, and renegade priests. Such characters are construed in almost every story he has writ- ten. Even though End6's Christianity facilitated his first venture into a more pluralistic world, something which many of his countrymen con- tinue to avoid, his essential 'tJapanesenessW hindered a complete entry. DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man Unwanted Alternatives: Alienation or Appropriation Nowhere does End6 develop more clearly the idea ofJapanese alienation from European culture and reveal so much ofhow his early travels affected him than in his autobiographical work Ryagaku (StudyAbroad). Chro- nologically this book does not appear until the middle of his career, but in it he supplies us with a look at how his experiences in Europe had deeply affected him. This story is about a Japanese student of French literature living in post-war France. At first, the student, Tanaka, is enamored with "the river" of European culture and tries to drink it all in. However, he soon becomes discouraged and alienated when he is unable to adequate- ly absorb or even understand it. His discouragement leads to serious ill- ness, and eventually his spiritual and physical disillusionment reaches a climax when both he and his friend are hospitalized for tuberculosis. The comment made to Tanaka by his friend characterizes their dilemma: It isn't surprising that I should be worn down, since I tried to make my own in one or two years the culture that this coun- try had taken two thousand years to build up. Though I knew from the beginning that it was impossible, I set out with nerves taut as a bow to see everything, to overlook nothing. Tanaka, this illness is the pitifid outcome of losing my fight with this country UANEIRA 1970, pp. 201-202). Perhaps one of the most insightful passages in the book is the following one which reflects deeply End6's attitude toward the relationship between Japanese Christianity and "the stream" of European culture. My one wish was not to be like so many Japanese scholars abroad who, like petty thieves, make off with only a portion of the stream and thus proceed to imitate it with their own meager talents. I thought that unless I succeeded in forcing into con- fi-ontation the essential nature of this river and the Japanese in me, the whole meaning of coming to France would be lost (1970, pp. 201-202). These passages reveal some of the reasons behind the seemingly para- doxical coexistence of End6 unwillingness to accept the inevitable chan- ges that come to Christianity by its growing in Japanese soil, and his later desire to make Christianity into something genuinely Japanese. End6 did not want just a poorly done imitation of something European. He either wanted to possess and embrace Christianity completely in an unchanged form, or he wanted to force a confrontation between the foreign and the Japanese within himself in order to yield something genuinely Japanese and not foreign at all. All of his writings can be interpreted as either a 46 Japanese J o u m l of R e l i p u s Studies 16/1 complaint that he could not do the former, or an attempt to do the latter. At first, his novels were a kind of nihilistic lament that the ready made suit of European Christianity did not fit his Japanese body. End6 built his early stories around Japanese and foreign characters who epitomized his own personal conflict in order to show the vast differences between Japa- nese and Western sensibilities. In his early books, Christianity was either rejected outright by the Japanese, or in the guise of acceptance, unknow- ingly changed into something other than what its propagators intended. Both of these were serious problems to End6. Even when his early works did not deal directly with Christianity, he wrote to show the Japanese in- ability to understand or appreciate certain Western Christian sensibilities. He considered this to be one ofthe main reasons for Christianity's meager and short lived success in Japan. He waseager to arguevicariously through his characters that the Japanese were culturally and historically different to such an extent that they were incapable of comprehending and adopt- ing Christianity in the same way that Europeans do. In these early works his goal was to explicate precisely how the ready made suit of Christianity did not fit a Japanese body, and what kind of changes were unconscious- ly being made by the Japanese to make it fit. Endb's great concern over the differences between European and Jap- anese Christianity is the first inkling of his historical consciousness. In his realization that it is impossible for him to completely comprehend an un- altered form of European Christianity, End6 recognized that his own Christianity was conditioned by his particular historical perspective. End6 has always been troubled by his historicity, and was long unwilling to ac- cept it. When he tried to absorb the European culture which he had iden- tified with his Christianity, he found that itwas inaccessible to him because he did not share its historical roots. But because he did not want just a cheap copy of the European version, he resisted any historically grounded Japanese Christianity, and felt as if the only Christianity that he was capable ofparticipatinginwas somehow tainted and/or less than the Chris- tianity that foreigners possessed. Eventually he realized that he was un- able to escape his historically conditioned self, and began on the course that would lead him to recognize that his own Christianity must become meaningful to that self within him which is inescapably Japanese, or it would not be meaningful at all.3 3 This raises the theological question of whether Christianity is truly universal and hence authoritative. It also brings up the issue of how completely any religion can be translated into different languages and cultures and the question of to what degree cultural transformation i implicit in genuine conversion to a foreign religion. s DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 47 Sin and Society His first novel Shiroi hito Q L \ A (White Man), which was written after his return from France and won the Akutagawa prize in 1955 (Janeira 1970, p. 201), and its sequel or partner novel, Kiiroi hitogf3 @! A ((YeUowMan), which he wrote the following year, both deal with the vast and apparently irreconcilable differences between "white" and "yellow" sensibilities. The conflicts in these works center around members from each culture: a non- practicing CatholicJapanese, and an apostate French priest in Japan, who have both "sinned" (END0 1972, p. 3). End6 employs these characters to show his perception of the vast differences in Japanese and European at- titudes toward sin and the experience ofguilt. At one point Chiba, the Jap- anese character says: A yellow man like me has absolutely no experience of any- thing so profound and extreme as the consciousness of sin you white men have. All we experience is fatigue, a deep fatigue- a weariness murky as the color of my skin, dank, heavily sub- merged ( E N D 1974, pp. &7). ~ This passage reveals not only a conviction that the Japanese cannot expe- rience genuine guilt for sin, and consequently Christianity as Europeans do, but also a certain alienation from the white races of Europe in gener- al that End6 probably felt in his first travels to the West. Elsewhere he gives a more openly analytical insight into the Japanese attitude toward sin. In Shiikyb to bungaku%% 2 *f? (Religion and Litera- ture), a non-fiction work, End6 explains that "theJapanese consider sin an act against social contract and aesthetic harmony," not as we presume in the West, a violation of some universal God given or natural moral law (JANEIRA 1970, p. 356). End6 argues that, because of the historical back- ground ofJapanese religious sensibilities,which are firmly rooted in Shin- to and Buddhist traditions, they are categorically incompatible with European thought. In spite of the fact that his motive is to show how dif- ferentJapanese and Europeans are, in undertaking such a task he demon- strates an awareness that his historical particularity is an inescapable fact which he must eventually reckon with. He felt that Japan has no histori- cal background or cultural orientation on which he as a Christian could base his religious experience. It is this infant historical consciousness that goads End6 into recognizing that the Japanese and European peoples think of and experience sin differently. End6 struggles to some degree with his perceived absence of guilt over sin in the Japanese throughout all his writing. However, nowhere is this 48 Japanese J o u m l of Religious Studies 16/1 conflict more poignant and powerfully presented than in T h Sea and Poison. This novel centers around a young Japanese doctor who was in- volved in lethal medical experiments performed on captured American pilots near the end of the war. In spite of the fact that he had agreed to it beforehand, when it came time to perform the surgery the young doctor was unable to actually go through with his role in the experiment. Through the guilt ridden doctor's thoughts as he leans against the wall and feels the angry and accusinglooks from others in the room, End6 gives us insight into the denial of his "Japaneseness" that backing out of the ex- periment constituted for the doctor. "What's the matter with you, ahaid?" those eyes asked. "How can a Japanese be so weak?" He writhed under the officer's stare, aware of what he seemed: a doctor unable to carry out his duties. The young doctor felt morally derelict because he failed in his socially con- tracted duty, in spite of the fact that he did so because he could not bring himself to kill another human being. When this young doctor complains to Dr. Toda, a colleague who also participated in the experiment, that someday they would have to answer for their actions Toda replies: "Answer for it? To society? If it's only to society, it's nothing much to get worked up about." Toda gave another obvious yawn. "You and I happened to be here in this particular hospital in this particular era, and so we took part in a vivisection per- formed on a prisoner. If those people who are going to judge us had been put in the same situation, would they have done any different? So much for the punishments of society." Toda felt an indescribable sense of weariness and stopped talk- ing (ENDO 1972, pp. 166-167). In this passage, which is stronglyreminiscent of the "yellow man's" com- plaint that he felt only fatigue in the place of guilt, the message we get is that any Japanese would have done the same thing as a matter of social duty; and consequently, most would have no particular reason to feel bad or guilty about doing it. End6 feels certain that any European would feel deeply guilty over such an atrocity, and ascribes this feeling to his European characters like the apostate French priest Duran who appears in both Study Abroad and Volcano. Likewise, he is convinced that, general- ly, the Japanese would not and could not feel that way. In his eyes the Christian suit of moral consciousness does not, and can not be made to, fit the Japanese. DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 49 T h e underlying irony of Endo's complaint is that it is self denying and ultimately proves his assertions at least partially wrong. End6 feels guilty over the apparent Japanese inability to feel guilty. Obviously, in spite of his complaints to the contrary, End6 and the Japanese must have some sense of what guilt is because both he and his Japanese characters experi- ence it. End6 correctly observed that Europeans and the Japanese expe- rience guilt differently, but in emphasizing too strongly the differences between the experiences, End6 inadvertently ignored or obscured the similarities. End6 must have had a subliminal sense of this incongruity in his observations because the focus of his works gradually shifted to com- pensate for it. Foreign Christ Figures His novels WonderfulFool and Volcano, which were written at the same time, both show evidence of subtle changes beginning to appear in Endo's atti- tude toward Christianity in Japan. He approaches the differences between Japanese and Western sensibilities in a little different manner, and intro- duces a new character type that plays an important role in much of his later material: the Christ figure. In these books, End6 retains his convic- tion that the Japanese inability to feel genuinely guilty and their obtuse- ness toward self sacrificing love is a barrier to understanding Christianity, and is a source of alienation between Japanese and Europeans. But he also displays the beginning of his realization that Christianity had become a part of himself, and was there whether or not he wanted it or knew it. He also begins to show a growing conviction that the locus of genuine Chris- tianity is not necessarily in either European culture or the Catholic Church. Wonderful Fool centers around a weak, unattractive, ineffectual, and simpleminded individual who loves unconditionally, but is constantly abused by those he loves. End6 chose a foreigner to be his first Christ fig- ure for the probable reason that he felt like the unconditional love his Christ figure must possess was more European than Japanese. He still wanted to show that love and Christianity are a part of the vast incon- gruities between Western and Japanese sensibilities. Through his wonder- ful foreign fool, who is a puzzle to his Japanese hosts, End6 deals with the Japanese inability to understand the motives of a person inspired by noth- ing other than love. It was not until he opened up the possible resolution to his nihilistic lament in the later novel Silence that he employs Japanese Christ figures. At this point for End6, Christ and his love are still some- 50 f Japanese Journal o Religious Studies 16/1 thing beyond the Japanese ability to fully comprehend. Volcano is a highly symbolic work that deals with the love of God (the vol- cano) which looms unavoidably on the horizon, but which is somehow still mysterious and misunderstood even by those who appreciate and compre- hend it best. While all the characters in the story make predictions about the volcano's behavior, and make plans to exploit it for their own limited purposes, none of them really understand it. T h e volcano eventually up- sets all their predictions and designs. Even the priest's well intended refuge for the Japanese Christians at the foot ofthe mountain, which he was cer- tain would be protected by God, ends up being destroyed. I n this respect, Volcano is a metaphor for the history and experience of Catholicism in Japan. T h e love of God is something now subtly portrayed as not only beyond the comprehension of the Japanese, but also the Catholic Church. End6 displays a growing dissatisfaction with institutional religion that be- comes even more evident in his later works. His choice to express such ideas in a symbolic form is probably a result of more than just the fact that symbolism and metaphor are the media of his profession. Such a symbolic expression is one that will reach the Japanese because it is framed in their own terms, and also one that will avoid attention as a direct criticism ofthe Church. Into the "Mud Swamp" Both the apex of his conflict between East/West sensibilities and End6's way to its resolution are found in his book SiZence, and in the play The Gol- den count^. These books contain all of the elements of the conflict that End6 has struggled with in his previous works. They also include the first indication of Endo's recognition that there maybe a resolution to his situa- tion. I n these two works End6 abandoned the metaphor of Volcano and wove his social commentary into fictionalized accounts of real events sur- rounding the Christian persecution and proscription that took place in 17th century Japan. In the first, two young Jesuit priests make their way to Japan, in spite of the intense persecution and the rumors of mass apostasy. It is the firm aspiration of both men to help the few remaining Japanese Christians in their plight. One of the priests, Sebastian Rodrigues, is also determined to redeem his fallen teacher Ferreira who had apostatized after years of mis- sionary labor in Japan. After arriving, the priests' efforts meet only with disaster as the Christians they want to help suffer because oftheir presence. Rodrigues witnesses the other priest's death in an attempt to save a few DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man Christian peasants, and suffers a crisis of faith when his former teacher Ferreira not only rejects his arguments, but also aids the inquisitor Inoue in his interrogation. The apostate Ferreira becomes a metaphor for Japa- nese Christianity which, although European in origin and in spite of the years of labor by the Church, had "apostatized" or strayed from European norms and orthodoxy. This sets the stage for End6 to both bring the dif- ficulties that arise from the presence of Christianity on Japanese soil into clear focus, and to offer a possible way out of the dilemma. Christianity is condemned by both the Japanese interrogators and the foreign apostate alike as something completely inadequate to the "mud swamp" ofJapan. They assert that Christianity simply cannot grow in Jap- anese soil because its roots will inevitablyrot away. Their contention is that because Japan is a "mud swamp," even when Christianity is not fully rejected by the Japanese, they will none the less, in the guise of acceptance change it into something other than what the foreign priests intended. Most Japanese feel no particular guilt when they apostasize, only practi- cal expediency. And the Church with its father image of God and foreign priests, is something totally alien to Japan. Reflecting a motive based on practical political aims, they conclude with the argument that to Japan, Christianity is so utterly useless, and that the Japanese are so set in their ways, that it must unavoidably fail. The bottom line is that in spite of and/or because of its European origin, Christianity inJapan will either be rejected or modified into somethingJapanese; either way the European aim of con- verting the Japanese will be frustrated. Because of the great time and energy that End6 devotes to unpacking, understanding, and overcoming these issues, they are certainly con- clusions that he came to himself in his own confrontation with his dual Japanese and Christian heritage. However, even though these were his own conclusions, he has always struggled with them and tried to avoid them. In his early career, End6 was convinced that because of the vast dif- ferences in religious sensibilities, Christianity could not succeed in Japan. To End6 the Japanese are so radically different from Europeans that Jap- anese Christianity could be only a mockery of the European version with its great and lengthy history. This conclusion persists in all his works even after Silence. However, in this book he comes to grips with the fact that not only are changes unavoidable, but that they are also preferable. Thus, he finds a painful and reluctant resolution to his unwanted conclusions.The intensity and anguish of the argument and circumstances in End6's writ- ing surrounding this resolution attest to the difficulty with which he reached it. Japanese Journal o Religious Studies l6/l f R c n i i t o and 'ThePit" eoclain When Rodrigues is brought to his final test, in a way that seems strangely appropriate for Japan, he keeps his faith by denying it, and articulates End6's solution to his own dilemma. In order to save a few suffering Chris- tians who are hanging in the dreaded "pit," Rodrigues, who was deter- mined to rekindle the faith ofhis former teacher, takes to heart his apostate teacher's argument: "For love Christ would have apostatized. Even if it meant giving up everything he had." So when he is brought to chose be- tween keeping his faith and easing the suffering of others, he hears the sacred image of Christ, which he must step on to signal his apostasy, tell him to do exactly that which he was most determined not to do. Trample! Trample! I more than anyone else know the pain in your foot. Trample! It was to be trampled o n by men that I was born into this world. It was to share men's pain that I car- ried my cross (ENDO 1969, pp. 269-271). The image told the priest that the only way he could be genuinely Chris- tian was to apostatize. End6 comes to the extraordinary conclusion that, in spite of how painful it was, apostasy was the only way for the priest to break the silence of God and actualize his love in this world. It would have been more of a denial of his faith for the priest not to save the suffering peasants by refusing to symbolically desecrate that which he loved the most.4 This conflict and its paradoxical resolution is nearly identical to Endb's own determination to assimilate an unaltered form of European Christianity; in the end he could only keep his faith by giving up the goal to make it retain its European shape. Endb's own revelation was that he must step on the holy image of the Church and European culture, and make the ready made suit of Christianity, which he had inherited, fit his own body. Thus in the final hour, God was not silent for either the priest nor Endb; he spoke to tell the priest that, even if it meant the ultimate sacrifice of giving up his most valued possession, he must keep his faith by loving enough to understand and alleviate the suffering of others. For Endb, God spoke to say that sacrificing, even what is cherished above all, in an act of love, is the true and essential message of the Christian faith. In this conclusion End0 makes his first attempt at grounding his faith in his own history. He gives meaning to his own cultural history in the suf- fering and apostasy ofthe earlyJapanese Christians, and he identifies their 4 Thig is not without theological precedent, most notably Abraham's attempted sacrifice of Isaac which was a type for God's eventual sacrifice of the Only Begotten Son. DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 53 actions as important precedents for the way in which he must solve his present day conflicts. He gives up his former resolution to find and keep an untainted European faith, and submits to his historicity. From this point on, Endb's emphasis shifts from complaining that theJapanese simply can- not understand Christianity, to identifying the love which he feels is es- sential to Christianitywithin the range ofJapanese history and experience. Bringing Christ Home to Japan One of the first steps to bringing Christian sensibilities within range of Japanese comprehension and experience is to re-interpret the central symbol of the Christian faith, Jesus Christ, according to Japanese values. End6 directly takes on this task, which is not an easy one for him, in the ie non-fiction book A L f ofjesus. For the religious historian the book has lit- tle if anything new to add to what is actually known about Jesus; but it con- stitutes a significant religious phenomenon because it openly and self consciously seeks to re-appraiseJesus in Japanese terms. A Life of Jesus represents a significant turning point in Endb's literary career. Up until this book he had been primarily occupied with demon- strating the incompatibilities of Western and Eastern religious sensibil- ities. In this book he retreats from that position slightly, and in spite of his previous convictions of inescapable irreconcilabilitybetween the two, he re-presents a portion of his Christian faith in such a way as to illuminate its compatibility with his Japanese self. There is an ironic twist in this equaled only by his earlier and frequently expressed guilt over not feeling guilty. Where he was once bothered by the fact that Japanese Christianity can be no more than a meager replica of the European version, now he is determined to at least move that issue to the back burner, and make Chris- tianity into something as totally Japanese as possible. His own comment on the nature and difficulty of this switch in attitude is illuminating: For a long time I was attracted to a meaningless nihilism and when I finally came to realize the fearhlness of such a void I was struck once again by the grandeur of the Catholic faith. This problem of the reconciliation of my Catholicism with my Japanese blood . . . has taught me one thing: that is that the Japanese must absorb Christianity without support of a Chris- tian tradition or history or legacy or sensibility. Even if this at- tempt is the occasion of much resistance and anguish and pain, still it is impossible to counter by closing one's eyes to the dif- ficulties. No doubt this is the particular cross that God gave to the Japanese UANEIRA 1970, pp. 205-206; ENDO 1969, p. 14). 54 Japanese J o u d of Religious Studies 16/1 Finally, in this statement, End6 comes to terms with his inability to throw off his Christianity and recognizes that it had become a part of him. He recognized that Christianity is a part of his own historical heritage from which he could not escape. His historical consciousness expanded to the point where he realized that he must self consciously appropriate his own history, and make it meaningful in his own life. This is the enterprise he undertook by re-interpreting Christianity in such a way that is compre- hensible to hisJapanese countrymen. In the "Preface to the American Edi- tion" he makes this comment about his motives and purposes for writing A Life of Jesus: I wrote this book for the benefit of Japanese readers who have no Christian tradition of their own and who know almost noth- ing about Jesus. What is more, I was determined to highlight the particular aspect of love in his personality precisely in order to make Jesus understandable in terms of the religious psychol- ogy of my non-Christian countrymen and thus demonstrate that ~ Jesus is not alien to their religious sensibilities ( E N D 1973, p. 1, emphasis added). End6 is painfully aware of the fact that he is historically grounded. A Life ofJesus is one of his first attempts to actually resolve the conflicts he feels because of his historicity. Among the major religious sensibilities that End6 seeks to identify with both his Christian and his Japanese history is the self sacrificing love of a mother. He argues that the father image of God is essentially alienating to Japanese who traditionally fear only fires, earth quakes, and thunder more than they do fathers (End6 1973, p. 4). He identifies love as the es- sential element of Christianity regardless of cultural bounds, and that it is something with which the Japanese already possess something in com- mon. In terms End6 might use himself, he is trying to communicate, in a way the Japanese will understand, the revelation that Rodrigues received before his apostasy: Christ is the one who loves all, perfectly and uncon- ditionally, and this is what he requires of those who follow him. He gives special emphasis to his particular interpretations of Jesus' love for those around him. End6 wants to make it clear that self sacrificing love is some- thing which the Japanese have cultural and historical precedents to help them understand. This new direction is directly counter to End6's prior arguments regard- ing the inability of the Japanese to understand or experience Christian love. End6 apparently changed his mind about Japanese obtuseness towards self sacrificing love when he was able to locate analogous experi- DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 55 ences in his own culture. At the close of the work, End6 makes a comment that gives us insight into how the decision to bring Jesus to Japan, so to speak, has subsequently affected his writing: I think that in my remaining lifetime I would like to write once more my life of Jesus, writing it &om my own further ac- cumulation of life experience. And when I finish it, I still shall not have rid myself of the urge to take up my writing brush for 1973, p. 179). yet another life of Jesus ( E N D ~ Bringing Japan Home to Christ The two novels that chronologically follow A Life ofJesus characterize this desire perfectly. They are works that further seek to bring within the Jap- anese range of experience and understanding the unconditional love which Jesus had, and which is central to Endb's Christianity. The books When I Whistle and The Samurai both deal almost exclusively with Christ figures that are not only Japanese, but are tied up in the Japanese collec- tive culturaVhistorica1 experience and memory. In these books, he em- ployed the same kind of characters and conflicts as earlier in his career to reinterpret the essentially Western Christian tradition into something meaningful to the Japanese. End6 does not completely abandon his pre- vious opinion that the Japanese do not readily understand Christian sen- sibilities; both stories are replete with examples ofwhere the Japanese are extremely insensitive and lacking in appreciation for the love manifest by his Christ figures. But in terms of making the Christ figures compre- hensible to the Japanese, these two books complete the circle of bringing End6's Christian sensibilities within reach of his Japanese self. When I Whistle is a story about a Japanese youth, who unconditionally loved someone for his entire life, and ended up bringing something good into the lives of the ones he touched with his love, even after his death. Like Endb's other Christ figures, the boy, named Flatfish, is simple minded, smelly, and weak -a sorry clown that is by most worldly standards an undesirable person. He suffers often as a consequence of his uncondi- tional love; and he eventually gives his life in a final act of duty and love for his country. One of the most significant things about this Christ figure is that he is totally Japanese. If End6 did not have a literary history within which the book could be interpreted, it might not be suspected of having anything particular to do with Christianity at all. In his short life, Flatfish is caught up in all the things that are familiar and real to the Japanese. He goes to school; he gets in fights; he has an unfulfilled love; he gets a job; 56 Japanese Journal o Religious Studies 16/1 f and he finally goes to war where he dies an obscure death, all things which are familiar to Endb's generation ofJapanese. Flatfish, the absurd charac- ter of the story, is the first of Endo's Christ figures to fit totally within the realm of Japanese experience. h End6's latest work T e Samurai is probably the crowning masterpiece of his literary career and the apex of the struggle with his dual Christian and Japanese heritage. He brings all of the character types and elements of his former conflicts between being Japanese and being Christian together in a totally Japanese drama of grand scale and historical significance. The story is, to a large extent, a true one. And although much of it takes place in foreign lands, the primary participants are Japanese, and the events they are involved in are historically significant to both theJapanese in gen- eral and especially to Japanese Christians. In 77w Samurai, End6 finds a metaphor or expression for the love that he values in Christianity which is totally and completelywithin theJapanese cultural and historical milieu. The samurai of the story is an obscure country-born man who lived and gave his life according to the Japanese ideal of complete and unfailing loyalty to his liege lord. His greatest desire was to be with his family and work the land where he was born, along with the peasant families in his charge. But instead, he is sent as an emissary of his lord across the ocean with a special mission to fulfill. On his journey he encounters time and time again the strange Christianity which is so alien to his understanding. In reference to the icons and statues that always decorated the walls of the many monasteries where they stayed the samurai thought: This ugly, emaciated man. This man devoid of majesty, bereft of outward beauty, so wretchedly miserable. A man who exists only to be discarded after he has been used. A man born in a land I have never seen, and who died in a distant past. He has nothing to do with me, thought the samurai ( E N D ~1982, 167). The samurai was continually confronted with all of the reasons why, as a Japanese, not to become a Christian. And yet, at the same time, he was under extreme pressure to convert in order to make his mission a success. Eventually, and only after months of agonizing indecision, in the course of giving his all to fulfill his commission and out of loyalty to his lord, the samurai chooses to go through the formality of becoming Christian. In spite of this, in the end his mission was a failure and even the Church refused to intercede and help. The samurai had no choice but to return home after years of difficult travel as a failure. In this account End6 reveals considerable discontent with the Church DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 57 and institutional religion along with its formal rules and open self inter- est. One dialogue between the Franciscan priest who accompanied the samurai and his companions on their journey, and a Cardinal in Rome who refused to assist the samurai, gives insight into this event and some of Endb's underlying resentment. "Those believers [the Japanese] . . . no longer have a Church. There are no missionaries to encourage them. . . Aren't they now like the one lamb separated from the flock of which the Bible speaks?"' "If in searching for the one lamb the other sheep are exposed to danger . . . ," the Cardinal said sadly, "the shepherd has no choice but to abandon the lamb. It cannot be helped if one is to protect the organization." "That reminds me of the words of the High Priest Caiaphas when the Lord was killed. To save an entire nation, there is no choice but to sacrifice a single man. Those are the words Caiaphas spoke." . . . "That is true. . . I do not wish to concur with the high priest Caiaphas's remarks. But at the same time the Lord did not direct an organization, while Caiaphas did. Those who run organizations, like Caiaphas will always say-to protect the ma- jority, we have no choice but to abandon the one. Even we who believe in the Lord place ourselves in the same position as the High priest Caiaphas from the moment we create religious or- ders and set up organizations. . . . I have no choice but to adopt Caiaphas's attitude towards the faithhl in Japan" (ENDO 1982, p. 193). When the Church was compelled to withdraw fromJapan, it abandoned the faithful and faltering Christians alike to face their fate alone. When the samurai returned from his long and arduous journey in the service of his lord, he too was abandoned by the ones he sought to serve. During the samurai's long absence, the political climate had changed significantly. When he came home, not only was his mission a failure, but it had been aborted by those who had sent him. His return was somewhat of a surprise, and more of a problem to the government than anything else. His entire sacrifice had been for nothing. And then, in an act which only emphasized the futility of it all, the samurai is taken by those for whom he had done the very act out of loyalty, and executedbecause he had converted to Chris- tianity. I n the final exchange of words between the samurai and his one trusted friend, the meaning of the ugly and undesirable man comes to light, and the samurai finds comfort in the one who suffers with him and 58 Japanese J o u d of Religious Studies 16/1 understands his pain better than any other.After a lengthyjourney abroad in Endb's writing, the self sacrificing love of Christ and his suffering for mankind, finally find a home in the culture and history of Japan. End6 discovers a cultural analogue to the unconditional love of Christ in the un- conditional loyalty and devotion ofthe samurai and his ultimate personal and spiritual sacrifice. So in the end, in spite of his early fears, Enda's Christianity ultimately has historical roots and cultural precedent in Japan. The dominant sym- bol of End6's Christianity is the weak, ugly, self sacrificing and uncondi- tionally loving Christ: the one who, more perfectly than any other, can comfort and understand mankind's suffering; the one who gives every- thing for the sake of love. End6's Christ is anyone who makes that kind of sacrifice, from the strange foreigner, to the love struck school boy, and finally to the loyal samurai. Enda's faith is not found in the graven image of self interested bureaucratic pronouncement and policy, nor are its roots in some alien culture; it is evident in the yearnings of those who suffer; it is found in the acts of those who love without wanting or expecting any- thing in return. These are things which, however difficult, are not beyond the range of experience and expression for the Japanese. They are a part of the Japanese world. Thus, in the end, End6 has made his Christian suit fit his Japanese body. Historical Perspectives The dawn of Endd's historical consciousness began when he realized the impossibility of quickly absorbing the entire Western culture that had taken millennia to build. It was refined when he began to identify some of the historically and culturally grounded differences between Western and Eastern sensibilities. It grew more clear when he accepted the need to self- consciously appropriate his own historical heritage. And it bore fruit when he actually began doing so. End6 has displayed a considerable level of his- torical consciousness in his recognition and appropriation of his own his- toricity. But, in spite of all this, there is one level of historical awareness that End6 and many other Japanese have consistently failed to achieve. Regardless of how greatly he has developed a consciousness of his own historically grounded condition, End6 falls short of the realization that in being historically grounded, he is very much the same as everyone else in the world. His conviction that the Japanese are the only ones who are re- quired to appropriate their own history is clearly evidenced in the above quoted passage: "No doubt this is the particular cross that God gave to the DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 59 Japanese" (JANEIRA 1970, p. 356). Because many Japanese and Western sensibilities are different, it only followed for End6 to conclude that Chris- tianity not only inescapablywill,but also must be placed inJapanese frames of reference to be meaningful to Japanese. End6 reluctantly came to ac- knowledge the inevitability and necessity of the Japanese propensity to change what they adopt from abroad, and self consciously invested his ef- forts in helping that process along. However, in bringing this about, End6 has persisted with the assumptions implicit in his early efforts and unwit- tingly failed to see that the rest of the world, Christian and nonchristian alike, has alwaysbeen involved in essentially the same kind ofactivity. End6 has allowed the differences between East and West to prevent him from seeing the similarities. If End6 had been able to complete his historical consciousness, he would have recognized that the Japanese are not the only ones to change Chris- tianity and other things adopted from abroad into something different from their originals. Every time Christianity crosses any cultural or lin- guistic boundary it is changed. Any time it passes from one generation to another it is changed. Anyone who knows anything about it only under- stands Christianity in terms that are meaningful to them in their own historically rooted situation. And this is not true ofjust Christianity; it hap- pens with all religions, and all peoples, in all times, and in all places. To realize this is to take historical consciousness that one step further which End6 has not been able to do. If he had, he would not have been so con- cerned about his "mud swamp" Japan. He would have realized that what he saw going on with Christianity in Japan was an utterly non-unique phenomenon. He would have recognized that it would be far more ap- propriate to speak more broadly of a "mud swamp" world, and not limit the analogy to Japan. His own historical grounding in Japanese culture prevented End6 from consummating his historical consciousness and recognizing that his condition is shared by all the world. In his failure to see what he shares with the Western world, End6 is wit- nessing loudly tojust how culturally grounded he actually is. His assertion that theJapanese, out of all other peoples in the world, are the unique pos- sessors of some problem is strong evidence that he has been greatly af- fected by the Japanese myth of uniqueness. In spite ofJapan's entry into modernity, the Japanese have remained a people who are largely isolated from any direct personal contact with cultures and histories significantly different from their own. Consequently, they have avoided the kind ofhis- torical awareness that results from being immediately confronted with a radically pluralistic and diverse society. End6 is, in part, an exception to 60 f Japanese Journal o Religious Studies 16/1 this because of his personal contacts and conflicts with foreign culture and history. However, his confrontations only lasted long enough to convince him of certain irreconcilable differences between foreign and domestic Japanese sensibilities, and that he must ground his faith in his own cul- ture and history. After that he turned back to his own culture and history and was prevented from recognizing that the rest of the world is engaged in basically the same struggle. The difficulties that arise from theJapanese conviction oftheir own uni- queness are compounded when End6 concludes that because of certain historical and cultural orientations the Western world and Japan are for- ever beyond the reach of each other's understanding. He thinks that the differences between the Japanese and the West are so vast that they can- not be reconciled. He concludes that, because of the way in which his his- torical situation has conditioned him, Western sensibilities are forever unavailable to him. Ironically, End6 finds the solution to his conflicts within a context of cross-cultural comparison. It is the foreign apostate who first suggests that the faith can only be kept by denying the Christ. However, even when he realizes, for example, that the Church is historically grounded in terms of the care and preservation ofits institutions as he does in T hSamurai, End6 does not extend to them the acknowledgment that they also must make their past and present meaningful in terms of each other. In the end, the Church's betrayal of the believers in Japan is parallel to Endb's paradox of keeping his faith by apostatizing. Each must sacrifice its most highly valued possession in the service of its particular god. However, Endb is blinded to his common struggle with the rest of humanity by the Japanese myth of uniqueness. The Japanese myth of uniqueness fails to take some very important things into account. We in the West are not dead; we are presentwith them in the same world. Endb and the Japanese are less separated from Western ideas than any of us are from our own past. At least people who hold Western sensibilities are available to be experienced, interacted with, and engaged in dialogue. But there is an insurmountable obstacle in the way of anyone accessing their own past. We have surely inherited a few relics, both tangible and intangible: governments, traditions, books, other people, memories, language, values, and presuppositions about the na- ture of reality. These both unavoidably shape us and give us clues about the nature ofour histories. But we can never actually go into the past. The past is forever unavailable to our experience. Our understanding of the distant past is necessarily more an intuitive result of being shaped by it DURFEE: Portrait of an Unknowingly Ordinary Man 61 than any actual participation within it. Members of dissimilar cultures, however, can interact meaningfully by virtue of their immediate availabil- ity to experience. Contrary to End6's convictions, mutual understanding between members of the same present world is probably much more like- ly, because they are mutually accessible. I n spite of the vast differences that may or may not exist between East and West, the necessity to appropriate one's history is not unique to the Japanese; no one understands anything except in terms of their own his- torical and cultural background. It is equally required of Europeans and Americans to appropriate their own history in order to understand them- selves, as well as it is for End6 and the Japanese. In some if not most cases, this appropriation is not as self conscious as it was for Endb. However, regardless ofwhether it is consciously done or not, all peoples can only un- derstand themselves and their pasts in terms that are meaningful for them now, in the present. Where there are cultural and historical differences, the task takes on various shapes and expressions. For some, the conflicts are no doubt less severe, making such reconciliations as Endb's less pain- ful. But none of us is able to escape our own historicity. Thus, in appropriat- ing his own past End6 Shasaku is, although unknowingly, no more and no less than an ordinary man. REFERENCES DAVIS, Winston 1983 T h e hollow onion: The secularization of Japanese civil reli- gion. I n The Challenge of Japan's Internationalization: Organi- zation and Culture, Harumi Befu and Hiroshi Mannara, eds. Tokyo: K6dansha. END0 Shasaku 1969 Silence. William Johnston, transl. Rutland, Vermont, and Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle Company. 1972 The Sea and Poison. Michael Gallagher, transl. London: Peter Owen. 1973 A Life of Jesus. Richard A. Schuchert, S.J., transl. New York: Paulist Press. 1974 Wonderful Fool. Francis Mathy, transl. London: Peter Owen. 1978 Volcano. Richard A. Schuchert, transl. London: Peter Owen. 1982 The Samurai. C. Van Gessel, transl. New York: Harper & Row Publishers. 62 JapaneseJournul of Relzgious Studies 16/1 JANEIRA, Armando Martins 1970 Japanese and Western Literature. Rutland, Vermont, and Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle Company.


text:
August 13, 2011 | News
Using nonwhite colors for a modern French manicure is on the horizon for fall fashions.
August 12, 2011 | News
Allure offers tips and trends on virtually every aspect of everyday nail care.
August 8, 2011 | News
With the right touch, the two colors combined create a sexy look.
July 25, 2011 | News
No time for an emergency salon nail fix? Try these.
June 30, 2011 | Video
On Sunday, June 5, 2011 at the Premiere Orlando Beauty Show, CND orchestrated this amazing flash mob in the main foyer of the show floor to help promote it's popular Shellac line. NAILS editor Hannah Lee contributed footage shown in this video. To see her full wide-angle version of the production, click here.
June 29, 2011 | News
Adding extra splashes of color turn the traditional into the ferocious.
June 28, 2011 | Article
Semi-custom colors and designs created via layering are increasingly showing up at trade show booth demos and continuing education classes. Clients love walking out of your salon owning a look no one else has, plus this technique can breathe life back into older shades your clients have gotten bored with. You can layer with so many different mediums. Here are a few to try.
June 16, 2011 | Video
Holly Schippers (FingerNailFixer) shows you several nail art designs combining the "rockstar" look with carving (or engraving) techniques.
June 7, 2011 | Video
On Sunday, June 5, 2011 at the Premiere Orlando Beauty Show, CND orchestrated this amazing flash mob in the main foyer of the show to help promote it's popular Shellac line.
May 25, 2011 | News
Redbook features Jason Wu's Colour & Effects Nail Collection for CND in its Pretty Smart section.
May 23, 2011 | News
Cosmopolitan features the results of a guys'-only web poll and shares the shades guys want to see most on your pedicured toes.
May 17, 2011 | Photo Gallery
On Monday, March 14, CND unveiled the first Shellac & Fashion Fusion Show, a runway show that featured the hottest nail styles and fashions straight from New York Fashion Week.
May 13, 2011 | Photo Gallery
At the International Salon & Spa Expo (ISSE 2011) in Long Beach, NAILS asked attendees: What nails did you wear at the show? Here's a gallery of their responses.
May 11, 2011 | News
Marie Claire highlights Jason Wu's ever popular collection of polishes for CND.
April 25, 2011 | Video
CND Shellac application and removal steps for a French Manicure.
Hidden Gems: Underside Nail Art11 photos
Nail Looks From NYFW F/W2015188 photos
Very small, fine solid particles suspended in the air; they are formed when solid substances are vaporized by very high temperatures; fumes do not... Learn More
Should I have a TV in my salon?
Is perfectionism on the job a blessing or a curse?
Featured Products & Promotions | Advertisement
How big is the U.S. nail business? $7.3 billion. What's the average service price for a manicure? Dig into our decades' deep research archives.
View All
The U.S. Vietnamese salon industry represents more than half of all salons. VietSALON serves this market with a bi-monthly Vietnamese language print magazine and a community-oriented website.
Get a free preview issue and a Free Gift Subscribe Today!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Pictures of Megan Fox's Lipstick
Which Lipstick Do You Prefer on Megan Fox?
by Beauty
Like us on Facebook
From her well-publicized love life to her abundance of promotional appearances for her latest flick, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, there's no denying that Megan Fox is having a moment. The 23-year-old, often compared to Angelina Jolie for her smoldering good looks and edgy qualities, gets an A+ in the art of lipstick palette choices. Most recently, at Giorgio Armani Prive's 2009 Fall Couture show in Paris, the young star wore some bright matte red lips paired with darkly lined eyes and heavily arched brows — somewhat reminiscent of Barbie's 1950s look from the Barbie Loves Stila Beauty Cans 1959 #1 Ponytail Doll ($40) set. What do you think? When it comes to Megan's varied lipstick selections, which is your favorite?
4 years
Both pinks look wonderful and the two looks are so very different. I agree with everybody who commented that that straight, pulled-back hair is just not her. All the other pics look so much better.
5 years
They all look great on her.. i just wish she would NEVER but her hair back. That forehead needs hair on it.
5 years
I love all of them except for the matte. It's like makeup overload, but it also could be the fact that she's just wearing way too much makeup in that picture to begin with.
She could look amazing in black or blue lipstick, I mean let's be real.
5 years
I love all of them except for the matte. It's like makeup overload, but it also could be the fact that she's just wearing way too much makeup in that picture to begin with.She could look amazing in black or blue lipstick, I mean let's be real.
5 years
Lets be honest, she looks stunning in any color lipstick! If I had to pick a favorite it would be the matte red, though. It is so old Hollywood, and not many people can pull it off (though they might think they can)!
5 years
I chose the bubble gum pink. That first picture is not flattering, and not just the lipstick color. Megan Fox has very little eyes, and having her hair pulled back from her face simply highlights that fact. And with an orange-red lipstick too? Not cute.
5 years
She has such strong features, I think her makeup should be a little more subtle, which is why I prefer the pink on her. I couldn't really decide between the subtle or bubblegum pink; I guess it depends on whether she was dressing up or just going casual.
5 years
I think the bubblegum pink looks the best, but they all look good.... She is so gorgeous, but I just wish she would quit trying so hard to be the sexpot-maneater.... I think it makes her seem trashy and fake. I think I would like her more if she didn't seem like that.
5 years
Bubble gum pink! I agree with # 22 Briandiesel, it's a nice change from what she usually wears, it looks more natural on her and less like she's trying too hard.
5 years
I picked the bubble gum color- it makes her look beautiful and not like she's trying to be a sexpot. She should do that look much more than she does.
5 years
Going to say subtle pink - but in every picture her skin tone is slightly different which makes it had to choose. Lay off the tanning spray girly! Her hair coloring seems to stay the same but still...
5 years
I don't care what color lipstick she wears, but I wish she would bush up her eyebrows a bit and lose that over defined arch, they just make her look a bit like "I'm on the prowl! Growl!" Over the top.
Link Love
- 1 of these makeup brushes doesn't even have bristles — Real Simple
- Tricks to control frizzy strands — SheFinds
- Gorgeous pastel makeup to try this Spring — InStyle
- Waterproof mascara that passes a fighter pilot's tests — Allure
- When to apply moisturizer for soft skin all day long — The Cut
- This tool is the secret to perfectly defined lashes — Daily Makeover
- What to do if you got a bad Botox injection — Byrdie
- How to incorporate honey into your beauty routine — xoVain


text:
- Description
- Fitment
- Specs
- Reviews
- Catalogs
Select your motorcycle to guarantee fitment! Select A Motorcycle
Instructions 2400390.pdf
Select your motorcycle to guarantee fitment! Select A Motorcycle
Electra Glide Anniversary FLH : 1978 |
Electra Glide Classic FLHC : 1979–1981 |
Electra Glide Classic Side Car FLHCE : 1979–1981 |
Electra Glide FLH : 1972–1978, 1981 |
Electra Glide FLH-74 : 1979–1980 |
Electra Glide FLH-80 : 1978–1980 |
Electra Glide FLHF : 1972–1975 |
Electra Glide Heritage FLH : 1981 |
Electra Glide Police FLHP : 1981 |
Electra Glide Police FLHP-74 : 1979–1980 |
Electra Glide Police FLHP-80 : 1979–1980 |
Electra Glide Police FLP : 1972, 1974–1975 |
Electra Glide Police FLPF : 1972 |
Electra Glide Sport FLHS : 1977, 1980–1981 |
Low Rider FXS : 1977–1978, 1981 |
Low Rider FXS-74 : 1979–1980 |
Low Rider FXS-80 : 1979–1980 |
Sportster 1000 Café Racer XLCR1000 : 1977–1978 |
Sportster 1000 Electric Start Anniversary XLH1000 : 1978 |
Sportster 1000 Roadster XLS1000 : 1979–1981 |
Sportster 1000 Touring XLT1000 : 1977 |
Sturgis Belt FXB : 1980–1981 |
Super Glide Electric Start FXE : 1974–1981 |
Super Glide Fat Bob FXEF : 1980–1981 |
Super Glide Fat Bob FXEF 74CI : 1979 |
Super Glide Fat Bob FXEF 80CI : 1979 |
Super Glide Kick Start FX : 1973–1978 |
Touring Tour Glide Classic FLTC : 1981 |
Touring Tour Glide FLT : 1980–1981 |
Wide Glide FXWG : 1980–1981 |
handysteve36 Posted:
Perfect rebuild kit for my vintage Electra Glide. Easy to set up. Works great. Highly recommended.
email@example.com Posted:
Worked fine, I used all the included parts. No leaks.
gitche Posted:
Nice fit, easy rebuild with all necessary parts.
mikewitt Posted:
This is a perfect fit. Much better than the same kit two years ago. On my 78 stock cylinder even felt fits nice. Always a tricky fix - or maybe I am just better. Buy it.
DarkXstar Posted:
good kit does what it suppose to do. The return spring could be a little stronger.
jeezlouise Posted:
it's a cheap kit but often the mastercylinder is just worn too much..
leggsy Posted:
Worked well. Does not come with a new circlip though.
harley61855 Posted:
got the job the first time
enipper Posted:
Fast and dependable, also very helpful in the tech area. thanks J&P
washley Posted:
perfect fit
firstname.lastname@example.com Posted:
Piston was milled wrong. Itwas out of round Had to put old one back in
mtneerfans Posted:
Worked like a dream needed nothing.
gtrepko Posted:
The new piston did not fit into the bore, wouldn't even start. The snap ring is too thick, would not fit into the groove properly. Had to re-use the old parts.
Lance.gardiner Posted:
Fits and works just right
roush360r Posted:
very nice kit, although it wouldve been nice if it came with a cover gasket.
1930VL Posted:
gotta have it....
walterleon3 Posted:
good kit, good price
hocks22 Posted:
No problems,looks good and fitted fine.
62duoglide Posted:
Worked great!
reklawpj Posted:
Spring was way too soft, had to use the old spring.
molley21 Posted:
work great
bpc4035 Posted:
While the kit picture shows the seal for the cover it was not included. Also the plunger will not fit without modification. Poor quality construction.
laddiemac1 Posted:
compared to the oem part...the spring is not up to par....too weak... needs to be thicker ....also the fiber gasket is thicker than the orignal hd part....
supr2nr Posted:
Works great and great price. Everyone is right though the spring is a bit to weak so I had to use the original one as well.
TONYKERSEY Posted:
sws802 Posted:
Used this kit on a 1980 Sportster that I rebuilt. Everything was great about the kit except the return spring was a little weaker than the original and wasn't functioning quite right. I used the original spring and everything works great.
cliffaddison Posted:
Sealing parts worked correctly but return spring was too weak had to use original.
43king Posted:
Spring is to weak.
vileija Posted:
The return spring was not strong enough to push the piston back. I had to use old spring which is much stronger and thicker then the one in the kit. All the other parts in the kit were good.
Requires Adobe Flash Player


text:
The Delaware Valley Scale Modelers (DVSM) is a group of adult builders of scale models of all types, including military and civil aircraft, military vehicles, cars, trucks, ships and dioramas -- in addition to sculptors and painters of miniature figures. We welcome builders of all skill levels, and strive to provide a supportive environment where everyone can improve their skills, whether their goal is to build for pleasure and relaxation, or for regional and national competition.
Click Here for information regarding our meetings including location/dates.
Got some information to share? Let us know so we can post it to the website. Email Us
Next Meeting: March 6th
Contest Theme: The Thirties Models of subjects from 1930-39
Click here for additional photos of our last DVSM meeting
For more information on our theme contests and a full description of each theme click Here.


text:
By FlaxenLady
Your news
18 January 2009 12:46
Upload stories, photos or videos direct to the site, or email email@example.com.
(available 9am - 5pm, Monday - Friday)
There are currently no comments
Sign in You must be signed in to submit a comment.
Your comment
By submitting your comment, you agree to adhere to the Your Horse Site's Terms and Conditions
You must be logged in to subscribe to a topic
Login or register now


text:
Basketweave Seagrass Rug
Black | Sienna | Tan | Sage/Khaki | Brown | Green | Red |
Natural | Onyx | Fossil | Midnight Blue | Fudge | Moss | |
Click on the Binding Swatches for Larger View |
Product Info
Looking for a custom seagrass rug? Create it right here at Natural Area Rugs at a very affordable price with more than satisfactory results with our beautiful basketweave design.
- 100% Natural Seagrass Rugs
- Designed and Hand Crafted with Pride in the USA by Artisan Rug Maker
- Wide Cotton Canvas Border, Non-Slip Latex Backing
- Naturally Durable and Earth Friendly
- Variations are part of the Natural Beauty of Natural Fiber Rugs
- Do not pull loose fiber. Clip and remove the loose ends with scissors
- These rugs are made to order. No Returns or Exchange!
- Rug Pad Recommended (Sold Separately)
More Info
- For special/complex shapes and sizes, please send a drawing indicating size/dimensions (click here for sample) via Fax (323) 582-1117 or email us: Customer Service.
- We recommend using Host Dry Carpet Cleaner for spills and accidents
Please Note:
The color may vary from the actual color of the rug due to different monitor settings. We recommend you purchase an actual sample swatch before you order.
Shipping Info
Yes, recommended to a friend.
Fabulous buy. Great look. November 24, 2008"I love this rug. I've ordered from other online dealers, and this is the first time I am thrilled. Will fit any decor. Fabulous stylish look with any style furniture. You will NOT be sorry."
You may also like
$55.00 - $449.00
$29.00 - $849.00
$89.00 - $449.00
$29.00 - $849.00
Customer who bought this item also bought...
$29.00 - $849.00
$35.00 - $1,195.00


text:
Scotland should have edge despite dogged Italian effort
- International
- February 28, 2015, 01:00
Scotland against Italy has become the perennial battle to avoid the Six Nations' wooden spoon. Only once since 2008 have the two sides not finished fi(...)
Lancaster looking for England to up their game for Ireland clash
- International
- February 14, 2015, 20:45
England head coach Stuart Lancaster sees plenty of room for improvement despite England claiming a second win from two Six Nations matches with a six-(...)
Sergio Parisse says Keatley selection surprised Italy
- International
- February 6, 2015
Sergio Parisse has admitted Ireland caught Italy on the hop by handing Ian Keatley his Six Nations debut this weekend.Italy captain Parisse conceded t(...)
Italy's selection to face Ireland is probably as much to do with their lack of depth as it is to do with the form of Jacques Brunel's players. With ju(...)
Johnny Sexton interview: Despite injury the outhalf is ready for a big year
- International
- February 5, 2015, 12:55
He's home and in Ireland camp for three weeks for a targeted comeback in round two at home to France. He's also coming home with a four-year deal to p(...)
Six Nations Pass Notes: Only way is up for Italy
- International
- February 3, 2015, 16:30
So what's this about Romulus and Remus forming the secondrow partnership for Italy? In historically referring to the twin founders of Rome, it (...)
Old familiar faces with a sprinkling of new the likely recipe for Italian coach Jacques Brunel
- Rugby
- February 3, 2015, 11:00
You have to admire Warren Gatland's chutzpah. No doubt he rubs up some people the wrong way, but this, of course, is also part of the plan. Unveiling (...)
Tommy Bowe hoping that third time's a charm
- International
- February 3, 2015, 01:00
On St Patrick's Day, 2012, Ireland lost 30-9 to England at Twickenham. It's definitely not a collectible in terms of auspicious Irish memories in the (...)
Italy name four uncapped backs in squad for Ireland and England games
- International
- January 15, 2015, 15:28
Italy coach Jacques Brunel has named four uncapped backs in his 30-man squad for the opening game against Ireland at Rome's Stadio Olimpico on Februar(...)
Four issues to ponder in wake of Six Nations
- International
- March 17, 2014, 01:00
Joe Schmidt effect to run and run There had always been something false about Ireland's final standing last season – the lowest since the Five (...)


text:
The MOF has recently approved the opening of three offices by KPMG Huazhen (Special General Partnership) in Chengdu, Xiamen and Qingdao. Localisation has been one of the basic strategies of KPMG China's operations.
The award recognises a select number of leading professional firms and advisers that have performed to exceptional levels, even during the most difficult period that the global economy has experienced for decades.
This report analyses issues and questions arising from the mixed ownership reform. These include which sectors are to be opened, what type of non-public capital should be introduced, what are the implementation procedures, etc.
This guide reflects IFRSs in issue at 1 December 2014 that are required to be applied by an entity with an annual period beginning on 1 January 2014.
The content is based on the responses of 213 senior business decision-makers across five key countries: Australia, China, Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore. It analyses the state of D&A maturity across the Asia-Pacific region.
On 29 April 2014 China's Ministry of Finance and State Administration of Taxation jointly issued Circular Caishui [2014] 43 ("Circular 43") which provides for the entry into the Value Added Tax ("VAT") reforms of the telecommunications sector. The transition from Business Tax ("BT") to VAT for the telecommunications sector has been much anticipated. However, the release of Circular 43 provides for a very short timeframe for transition, with VAT to commence from 1 June 2014. This will prove challenging given the complexities associated with having multiple VAT rates in the one industry – Circular 43 provides for an 11% VAT rate for basic telecommunications services and a 6% VAT rate for value-added telecommunications services. Furthermore, the discontinuance of a number of concessions which existed under the BT system means that the scope of these reforms now affect a broader group of taxpayers, including foreign telecommunications providers, as well as new forms of telecommunications service providers such as the digitised services industry.
Related links
RSS feeds
Tax Publications (XML)
Subscribe to receive email alerts or e-Newsletters from KPMG China when new updates are available.
Newsletters - Our weekly and monthly newsletters summarise industry news, market trends and updates in regulations for the China and Asia Pacific regions.


text:
BY ANN COULTER, Investor's Business Daily
Ann Coulter
Liberals ignored my book "Mugged: Racial Demagoguery From the Seventies to Obama" throughout the fall.
Now that I'm safely home from my book tour, they feel free to jabber on about their make-believe history of the civil rights movement with abandon.
In the hackiest of all hacky articles, Sam Tanenhaus, the man responsible for ruining The New York Times Book Review, has written a cover story in The New Republic, titled: "Original Sin: Why the GOP is and will continue to be the party of white people."
MSNBC has been howling this cliche for a decade — or, as MSNBC's Chris Matthews said of Tanenhaus' article, "A bold headline!"
Being interviewed by a giddy Matthews — who has no black friends, employees or neighbors — Tanenhaus announced the startling fact that once, long ago, some Republicans supported civil rights!
"In the 1950s, as I say in the piece you read, Republicans looked pretty good on civil rights under Eisenhower. We had the Brown decision, the Central High in Little Rock, where he did the tough thing and sent the troops in, and we had the first modern civil rights act."
It wasn't a "tough" decision for Eisenhower to send troops to Little Rock in 1957.
In the presidential campaign the year before, the Republican platform had expressly endorsed the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education. The Democratic platform did not.
To the contrary, that year, 99 members of Congress signed the "Southern Manifesto" denouncing the court's ruling in Brown. Two were Republicans. Ninety-seven were Democrats. As president, Eisenhower pushed through the 1957 Civil Rights Act and the 1960 Civil Rights Act. He established the Civil Rights Commission. It was Eisenhower, not Truman, who fully desegregated the military.
Meanwhile, the Brown decision was being openly defied by the Democratic governor of Arkansas (and Bill Clinton pal), Orval Faubus, who refused to admit black students to Little Rock Central High School.
Liberals act as if Eisenhower's sending federal troops to Little Rock was like Nixon going to China. No, it was like Nixon going to California.
Only someone who knows no history could proclaim, as Tanenhaus did, that the 1957 act "wasn't great, it wasn't what LBJ gave us, but it was something."
If Eisenhower's 1957 civil rights bill was weak, it was because of one man: Lyndon B. Johnson. As Robert Caro explains in his book, "Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson," it was LBJ who stripped the bill of its enforcement provisions. Even after that, the bill was still opposed by 18 senators — all of them Democrats.
To the easily astounded Chris Matthews, Tanenhaus breathlessly remarked, "Not one Republican voted against that bill!" — as if the 1957 Civil Rights Act was a Democratic idea and they were delighted to get any Republican support at all.
Imagine a modern German historian saying: "Remember — it wasn't just Germans who opposed the Holocaust. The English and Americans did too!" Such a historian would be beaten bloody, quite rightly so. The 1957 bill was sent to Congress by Eisenhower, passed with the intervention of Vice President Richard Nixon, and opposed exclusively by Democrats. Not "Southern Democrats," not "conservative Democrats," but Democrats, such as Wayne Morse of Oregon, Warren Magnuson of Washington, James Murray of Montana, Mike Mansfield of Montana and Joseph O'Mahoney of Wyoming.
With absolutely no evidence (because there is none), Tanenhaus then asserted that Republicans decided "they were not going to be pro-civil rights. ... They were going to side with the Southern oppressors."
Cretin Matthews seconded this gibberish by saying Nixon was "playing the Southern strategy electorally with Strom Thurmond and those boys."
Who exactly does Matthews imagine he means by "Strom Thurmond and those boys"? Every single segregationist in the Senate was a Democrat. Only one of them ever became a Republican: Strom Thurmond.
The rest remained not only Democrats, but quite liberal Democrats. These included such liberal luminaries as Harry Byrd, Robert Byrd, Allen Ellender, Albert Gore Sr., J. William Fulbright, Walter F. George, Russell Long and Richard Russell. Fulbright was Bill Clinton's mentor.
Gore was "Al Jazeera" Gore's father. Sam Ervin headed Nixon's impeachment committee. The segregationists who were in the Senate in the '50s were rabid Joe McCarthy opponents. In the '60s, they opposed the Vietnam War and supported LBJ's Great Society programs. In the '90s, they got 100% ratings from NARAL Pro-Choice America.
These "Southern oppressors" were liberal Democrats when they were racists and remained liberal Democrats after they finally stopped being racists (in public). If Republicans had a racist "Southern strategy," it didn't work on the racists.
Nor did Nixon — or Reagan — ever win over segregationist voters. Republicans only began sweeping the South after the segregationists died.
Even as late as 1980, when Reagan won a 44-state landslide, the old segregationists were still voting Democrat. Although Reagan handily won Southern states that had been voting Republican since the '20s, he barely won — or lost — the Goldwater states.
According to numerous polls, Reagan swept Southern college students, while losing college students in the Northeast. Meanwhile, The Washington Post called the elderly "a bedrock of Carter's southern base."
As LBJ explained to fellow Democrats after doing a 180-flip on civil rights as president and pushing the 1964 Civil Rights Act (which resembled the 1957 Civil Rights Act he had gutted as a senator): "I'll have them niggers voting Democratic for 200 years."
That's according to a steward on Air Force One, who overhead him say it.
It's one thing to rewrite history to say the Holocaust was when the Swedes killed the Jews. But it's another to say that the Holocaust was when Jews killed the Germans.
That's how liberals rewrite the history of civil rights in America. For the truth, get "Mugged."
We recently launched the Committee to Unleash American Prosperity with the goal of persuading the presidential hopefuls in both parties to focus on the paramount challenge facing our country: slow growth and stagnant incomes. Faster growth isn't just needed to raise the living standards of ...
Regarding Islamic violence — the greatest world evil since Nazism and Communism — the president of the United States, his administration and the left generally live in a make-believe world, a world of denial. In their world, Islam is, and has always been, a religion of peace. Muslims ...
Valentine's Day weekend presented "the collective voice of a global community saying fossil fuels are the past," as one activist claimed. He called on colleges and universities to divest oil, gas and coal holdings from their portfolios. The call did not resonate. In Boulder, three dozen out of ...
The Obama administration is now putting the finishing touches on a raft of environmental regulations due in the coming months, including the Clean Power Plan and others that will drastically impact the affordability of energy in America. Yet while the president and his supporters speak benevolently ...
President Barack Obama has asked Congress to authorize the use of force against the Islamic State, declaring in his State of the Union address, "We need that authority." No, he doesn't. Obama has been using force against the Islamic State for six months now. Between his inherent authority as ...


text:
Sponsored Links | |||
Advertisement |
it's your car.
do whatever you want. i never tell people to do stuff. |
The Following User Says Thank You to unclebill For This Useful Post: | ||
Trucknut (11-01-2012) |
Nothing grabs my eye like a custom grille. With that said, go for it! I think you're on to something, the stock grille is not that sharp, something with tubed bars going across or something like here is cool. http://www.google.com/imgres?q=63+ch...d=1t:429,i:286
Post 2822 here: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=63+ch...d=1t:429,i:136 Modifying a 70's Monte Carlo grille would be unique. Keep us posted, i am not very creative but love looking at what others imaginations come up with. Good luck. Dan
"When I was younger, I could remember anything, whether it had happened or not." - Mark Twain Last edited by dinger; 10-31-2012 at 08:22 PM. |
The Following User Says Thank You to dinger For This Useful Post: | ||
dirtyfingers (11-01-2012) |
Looking forward to seeing the finished results.
Those factory stock "chese grater" grilles sure were underpar in comparison to the body lines of the 60-66 C10's. I modified my '65 C10, Here's a few photo's: Stock: Modified: As it looks today: |
It really wasn't that bad, no body work just some pieces that are hidden. I'd still like to sink the entire grille, including headlights, back into the opening more. But to do that takes a lot of effort. I never have liked how the headlights stick out of the front of the truck....
Here's some more photo's with brief explanations I cut out the "cheese grater" section using a die grinder with a 3" abrasive cut-off wheel: Then fabricated some brackets from structural angle to hold stainless tubing. I threaded the o.d. of the tubes at one end, and welded washers on the other end: I added chrome headlight bezels to kind of tie the look together. Last edited by lakeroadster; 11-01-2012 at 04:32 PM. |
verry cool stuff guys...
Recent Body - Exterior posts with photos |
Currently Active Users Viewing This Thread: 1 (0 members and 1 guests) | |
Thread Tools | |
Similar Threads | ||||
Thread | Thread Starter | Forum | Replies | Last Post |
modification for Beast? | BrokenTruckGuy | Transmission - Rearend | 4 | 09-15-2011 05:05 AM |
Cab-over modification | Cabover | Body - Exterior | 3 | 09-28-2007 04:05 PM |
55 frame modification (help) | Bobberaz | Suspension - Brakes - Steering | 1 | 03-30-2006 11:43 PM |
Column Modification | Thom Laybourne | Suspension - Brakes - Steering | 9 | 02-15-2005 11:19 AM |
header modification? | bildo95 | Engine | 5 | 02-18-2003 06:08 PM |


text:
Jun 21, 2013, 11:19 AM | |
Doing my homework, have a question
Hey all. I am currently doing my homework on CNC routers and software packages and I have a question about some attachments. I am not sure if their function is simply dealt with in software or if there is something specific to the CNC router hardare setup, meaning that the attachment is only compatible with that particular CNC routher setup. First off, let me say this: I have no interest in scratchbuilding my CNC setup. My intent is to purchase one that will meet my needs.
Originally, I was looking at the CNC sShark Pro HD2 from Rockler woodworking (http://www.rockler.com/product.cfm?p...7&site=ROCKLER) as I have been to some demos and was liking its capabilities, but I was not satisfied with the work bed size. I need a 48"x48" minimum bed. The shark as two optional accessory attachments that I was really needing: Touch Plate http://www.rockler.com/product.cfm?p...7&filter=43803 Touch probe http://www.rockler.com/product.cfm?p...2&filter=35610 This is along the lines of what I am looking for: http://www.ebay.com/itm/CNC-ROUTER-4...item4d0d423e1c My intended software is the Vectric VCarvePro, PhotoCarve, and Cut3D package. I know these programs work on the Sahrk as well as the CNC setup I am looking at from Canada. But I am nto sure if the attachments listed above will work with anything other than the Shark. The connect via USB, so I am thinking that they are simply a matter of plugging them in to the computer and the software is where they are controlled rather than plugging into the CNC driver board. Hopefully someone can clarify this for me. Thanks in advance. |
Thread Tools | |
Similar Threads | |||||
Category | Thread | Thread Starter | Forum | Replies | Last Post |
Discussion | If I have an inlet lip on my fan, do I need full ducting... | Pepperpete | Electric Ducted Fan Jet Talk | 22 | May 05, 2013 11:56 PM |
Question | Why do have to keep reprogramming my ESCs? | df60532 | Multirotor Electronics | 1 | Mar 31, 2013 06:27 PM |
Discussion | newbie to D/fs doing homework and asking questions | juice90 | Electric Ducted Fan Jet Talk | 29 | Jul 21, 2010 03:17 PM |
Yippee! | Doing my homework and learning | TomO | Slope | 21 | Oct 26, 2005 11:43 PM |


text:
Apple becomes Asia's second most popular brand
A company called Campaign Asia-Pacific has released the results of its latest survey, examining the popularity of various brands in Asia. Apple has reached number two on the list. The company from Cupertino has topped big names like Sony and Panasonic, and jumped up along with Nestle (which is also growing hugely in Asia lately) to take the second spot inside the top five.
But Apple still has a little climb to go. Samsung is currently still the top brand in the Asia region, and that's a company that's going head up against Apple itself, both in patent battles and on retail shelves. But Apple's growth is still huge, especially when you consider that this is a survey of all consumer brands. Clearly, consumers in that region are interested in high quality electronics, and Apple's making a big push to get noticed over there as best it can.
[via AppleInsider]
Software Updates
more updates- Apple Remote Desktop updated with Yosemite support
- OS X Yosemite 10.10.2, iOS 8.1.3 updates now available
- Sports Illustrated 120 SPORTS channel comes to Apple TV
- Logic Pro X update brings AirDrop support, new effects, tools, and more
- Parallels Access 2.5 released, adds file manager, computer-to-computer remote access
- The Google Translate iOS app is about to get a lot smarter


text:
Related Keywords
block google ads downloadsblock popup ads downloads
block unwanted ads downloads
block youtube ads downloads
block video ads downloads
block browser ads downloads
block various ads downloads
google ads downloads
block google cookie downloads
unblock google ads downloads
get google ads free downloads
block ads downloads
ads block downloads
block pop up ads downloads
block dailymotion video ads downloads
block program block messenger downloads
block a website block a site downloads
google google transcoder downloads
ads blocker downloads
ads downloads
Top Software Keywords
picture gallery downloadsfree proxy list downloads
irc proxy list downloads
freeware downloads
free downloads
real player downloads
software downloads
windows downloads
winamp for vista downloads
video downloads
internet downloads
download downloads
crack downloads
mp3 downloads
file downloads
games downloads
utility downloads
vista key generator downloads
tool downloads
game downloads
screensaver downloads
vista downloads
image downloads
desktop downloads
password downloads
security downloads
converter downloads
email downloads
convert downloads
fax software downloads
Vista Download
Vista downloadVista antivirus download
Vista wallpaper download
Vista wallpapers download
Vista themes download
Vista pack download
Vista ultimate download
Vista home download
Vista basic download
Vista business download
Vista x64 download
Vista transformation download
Vista transformation pack download
Vista boot download
Vista dvd download
Vista sidebar download
Vista aero download
Vista product key download
Featured Download
Windows Vista
Service Pack 2 -
Windows Vista 2008
SP2 - Service Pack
Speed up, repair &
clean PC system in
1 click
Media player for
web content
Top Downloads
Top Rated
Displayed: 1 - 14 of 14 | |
Sort by: relevance | title | downloads | rating | date | Show: All Software | Only Freeware |
Adblock for Chrome 2.18.1 download by Google
Adblock does exactly what its name implies: it blocks ads. Pretty much all of them. Banner ads? Yes. Those crazy annoying Flash ads that seem to be popping up everywhere? You ...
View Details
Adlesse for Windows 126.96.36.199 download by Adlesse, Ltd.
Less ads - more choice! Adlesse replaces animated banners with ... forecasts and read interesting news instead of watching ads! Adlesse substitutes annoying banners for useful widgets of the same size. Currently, you can substitute ads for several types of info-boxes: current weather conditions ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: ad block filter, ad block, ad filter, Adlesse, ad-remover, ad less, ad-less, no animated banners, less animated banners |
ChrisPC Free Ads Blocker 3.10 download by Chris P.C. srl
ChrisPC Free Ads Blocker is a small but powerful free software that will block all ads while you surf the Internet. You'll be able ... browsing time without annoying banners and with no ads while you try to watch a video on ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: ads blocker, free, block ads, no more ads, adblock, ad blocker, popup blocker, block youtube ads, video ad, opera adblock, ad remover, adblock internet explorer, pop up blocker, banner, advert, ad block, blocker, privacy, stop tracking, stop scripts |
Google Ad Blocker 4.1 download by SecurityXploded
Google Ad Blocker is the free software to quickly Block Google Ads on all Web Browsers such as Firefox, Chrome, ... These days almost every website is filled with Google Ads and it is difficult to distinguish between ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: block google ads, google ad blocker, google ad blocker tool, unblock google ads, ad blocker, ad blocker tool |
Anvi AD Blocker Ultimate 3.2 download by Anvisoft
Block Browser Related Ads with Anvi Ultimate AD Blocker With brand-new and users-friendly interface and a powerful database, Anvi AD Blocker Ultimate is capable of analyzing and blocking most of the browser related ads, including search ...
View Details
Visual Explorer 3.2 B188.8.131.52.1 download by BlueG
... comes with advanced privacy and security features, one-click Google searches, support for Internet Explorer favorites, add-ons and ... original website re-directing you to a phishing website). Block unwanted ads and other media - with a ...
View Details
AdThwart 0.9.3 download by Tom Joseph
... from appearing on web pages you view with Google Chrome. AdThwart drastically reduces the number of annoying and invasive ads you see. This makes browsing the web less ... install it then forget about it. This Google Chrome extension attempts to block ads on websites. ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: Remove Advertisement, Ad Remover, Chrome Extension, Remover, Blocker, Advertisement |
CoolNovo 22.214.171.124 download by Maple Studio
CoolNovo is Google Chrome with some welcomed features, its previous name ... well-known. CoolNovo has all the functionalities that Google Chrome has, such as Speed, Security, Chrome Web Store, Google Sync, and so on. Besides, CoolNovo added some ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: enhanced Chrome, Chromium browser, Internet browser, Chrome, Chromium, Enhance |
Webmail Ad Blocker 3.2.1 download by Jason Savard
Block ads on the right hand side of the screen ... Gmail thereby expanding your message… Removes the ads and sponsored links and squeezes out the empty space left behind by other ad blockers to give you more room to write your ...
View Details
Webmail Ad Blocker for Firefox 3.9.1 download by Jason Savard
Block ads on the right hand side of the screen ... Gmail thereby expanding your message… Removes the ads and sponsored links and squeezes out the empty space left behind by other ad blockers to give you more room to write your ...
View Details
Adguard for Google Chrome 184.108.40.206 download by Performix, LLC
Adguard is the program that blocks ads and pop-ups. Adguard ensures the effective protection from ... works equally well in all the browsers by blocking pop-ups and banners and that is why it ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: adblock, extension, software, blocker, ad block, adblock chrome, adblock firefox, adblock safari, adblock opera, adguard, download adblock, pop-up, pop-up blocker, parental control, remove the ads, free, antibanner |
Universal Ad Blocker 2.0 download by SecurityXploded
Universal Ad Blocker is the free all-in-one software to quickly Block Ads across all Web Browsers such as Firefox, Chrome, ... that it is often difficult to distinguish between Ads and the actual content. Not only it is ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: block ads, block Advertisements, universal ad blocker, all-in-one ad blocker, ad blocker, ad blocker tool, ad blocker software |
iOS Ads Remover 126.96.36.199 download by Tenorshare Co., Ltd.
Tenorshare iOS Ads Remover is an app ads remover program for iPhone, iPad and iPod that can block all ads in apps. Key features of Tenorshare iOS Ads Remover are: 1. Remove all kinds of ads ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: ios ads remover, iphone ads remover, iphone app ads remover, ios ads blocker |
PhishBlock 0.9.1.8 download by Touchizen Inc.,
PhishBlock is a security program that detects and blocks Phishing, Pharming, Hacker's C&C(Command and Control) Servers which ... hostnames, and IP Addresses. This program detects and blocks Malware URLs, bad Hosts, and bad IP addresses. ...
type: Freeware
View Details
categories: URL blocking, Phish blocker, alternative dns, blocking dns hostname, malware blocker, blocking malware site, hidden url blocker, ip blocking, ip address blocker |
Displayed: 1 - 14 of 14 | |
Sort by: relevance | title | downloads | rating | date | Show: All Software | Only Freeware |
Copyright Notice | |
Software piracy is theft, using crack, warez passwords, patches, serial numbers, registration codes, key generator, keymaker or keygen for license key is illegal. The above block google ads search results are freeware or software in full, demo and trial versions for free download. Download links are directly from our mirrors or publisher's website, block google ads torrent files or shared files from rapidshare, yousendit or megaupload are not allowed! |