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Employees Shave Head, Raise Over $2 Million For Cancer Research
A challenge laid out by one CEO rallied his employees and raised millions for cancer research.
A challenge laid out by one CEO rallied his employees and raised millions for cancer research.
A 10-year-old Ohio boy was suspended from school for a 'level 2 lookalike firearm.'
The firearm in question? His fingers.
A California man is suing McDonald's for $1.5 million over a single napkin -- and the supposed racial slur the manager used during the ensuing argument the two had.
We've all then there before, driving down the Northway in the far left lane when we happen upon someone is either going at or below the posted speed limit. Now, we aren't saying we condone speeding but the left lane is meant for those us who want to go faster than the rest of the traffic (and for passing).
What do you when you get behind this person? Start to curse, throw your hands in the air, blow your horn, flash your lights?
Well, if you live in Georgia you might not have to worry about that any more!
Wednesday night, Comcast agreed to buy Time Warner Cable for $45 Billion.
Sink holes are the hot new thing and they love to appear underneath people's beds and super expensive irreplaceable things. Recently a giant sink hole in Kentucky claimed eight rare collectable cars
Coca-Cola, the world's largest beverage maker, purchased part of the Green Mountain Coffee Roaster Company this week and plans to make single serving, brew at home soda available before the year is out.
Though they are barely underway, the 2014 Winter Olympics are already being described as a disaster.
A firefighter doing his part to help after a car accident wound up in handcuffs for his efforts -- and it was all caught on camera.
When the largest pharmacy chain in the US makes the decision that they know will cost them $2 billion in sales, you know they're trying to get a point across. That's exactly what CVS is doing with their decision to no longer sell tobacco products
A major company is taking a significant stand against smoking and the move is being applauded by the president.
You keep seeing all of your friends under a purple tint, and you're not sure why? Well, it's World Cancer Day, February 4, 2014. And, in honor of this special day, Chevrolet has vowed to donate $1 to the American Cancer Society for every person who changes their profile pic to purple!
Click here to check


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Starring Ryu Soo Young and Jang Shin YoungWhen promising young stage actress Kang Jung Hwa and brilliant neurosurgeon Dr. Min Ki Beom meet by chance on the subway, a whirlwind series of events are set in motion. Soon after, Jung Hwa mysteriously collapses and begins to experience memories from previous lives. At the suggestion of her boyfriend Min Ki Soo, she begins undergoing hypnosis treatment for insomnia by psychologist Lee Soo Hyeon. What she doesn't realize is that their lives are all intertwined—Dr. Min is her boyfriend's brother and her psychologist's fiancée. When she delves into her past memories, she discovers a bittersweet, terrifying truth—that the four of them have always had intertwining fates throughout their past lives. Can she discover why they're all are continuously reborn only to be drawn together again, even while she tries to fight the powerful attraction between herself and Dr. Min? Jang Shin Young (The Road Home), Ryu Soo Young (Bad Couple) and Lee Jong Soo (Yi San) headline this bittersweet story of fate and destiny.
About This Series
Subtitles | English |
Type | drama |
Genre | Melodrama , Historical , Romance |
Network | MBC |
Released | 2005 |
Total Episodes | 14 |
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Ryu Soo Young
as Min Ki Beom -
Jang Shin Young
as Kang Jung Hwa -
Park Ye Jin
as Lee Soo Hyeon -
Lee Jong Soo
as Min Ki Soo

subset: commoncrawl


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text: THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CINCINNATI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER ON GREATER CINCINNATI Prepared for Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Jeff Rexhausen, Associate Director of Research Ananta Dubey, Research Associate June 2008 This report was prepared by the George M. Vredeveld, Director University of Cincinnati Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................ 3 Section I - Introduction ..................................................................................... 6 Purpose of the Study ......................................................................... 6 Data Sources .................................................................................... 6 Definitions ....................................................................................... 7 Section II – Expenditures and Employment of Cincinnati Children's .................... 8 Personnel Expenditures ....................................................................... 8 Other Operating Expenses .................................................................. 9 Capital Expenditures .......................................................................... 9 Section III – Expenditures by Mission .................................................................. 12 Patient Care ..................................................................................... 12 Research ........................................................................................ 13 Education......................................................................................... 14 Section IV – Revenues of Cincinnati Children's ................................................... 15 Patient Services Revenue ................................................................... 15 Grant Revenue ................................................................................ 15 Gifts and Donations ........................................................................... 16 Section V - Economic and Fiscal Impacts of Cincinnati Children's ....................... 18 Hospital Operations .......................................................................... 18 Capital Expenditures ......................................................................... 18 Fiscal Impact .................................................................................... 19 Section VI – Visitor Impact...................................................................................20 Section VII – Impact on Household Income and Employment ................................22 Employment ....................................................................................22 Section VIII - Importance of New Money for the Local Economy ...........................24 Impact of New Money ........................................................................25 Section IX – Community Benefit Activities and Other Impacts ...............................26 Community Outreach ........................................................................26 International Collaborations ................................................................26 Section X – Growth Trends (2002 - 2007) .............................................................27 Overall Image and Reputation ............................................................27 Increased Economic Impact ................................................................27 Increased Expenditures ......................................................................28 Increased Funding .............................................................................28 Appendix A: Methodological Notes......................................................................29 University of Cincinnati June 2008 2 Executive Summary Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati Children's) is one of the largest and most respected pediatric hospitals and research centers in the United States. While Cincinnati Children's first responsibility is to improve the health of children, the investments the organization makes in achieving that goal are also investments in the health of the community in which its employees live and work. This report estimates the economic impact of Cincinnati Children's on Greater Cincinnati1. As Cincinnati Children's strengthens its ability to impact the health of children, it also strengthens the economic impact it has on the community, as reflected in the following highlights from this economic impact study: Economic Impact2 • The total annual economic impact of Cincinnati Children's in fiscal year 20073 was $2.72 billion, an increase of 78 percent from $1.53 billion in fiscal year 2002. This is three times the overall growth rate of the local economy during the same five year period. • Included in the total economic impact is a household earnings impact of $1.16 billion in fiscal year 2007, a nearly 90 percent increase from $615.6 million in fiscal year 2002. • The total impact on employment in Greater Cincinnati is 24,381 jobs in fiscal year 2007, a 77 percent increase from 13,793 jobs in fiscal year 2002. Growth of Children's Hospital Economic Impact (Dollar figures correspond to the year 2007) $2,716,087,000 24,381 1996 2002 2007 $1,525,086,000 13,793 $1,161,549,000 $801,696,000 $615,590,000 6,289 $258,501,000 Total Impact Earnings Impact Employment Impact 1 Greater Cincinnati is defined as the 15-county Cincinnati Metropolitan Statistical Area. It includes Hamilton, Butler, Warren, Clermont, and Brown Counties in southwestern Ohio; Boone, Kenton, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant, Pendleton, and Bracken Counties in northern Kentucky; and Franklin, Dearborn, and Ohio Counties in southeastern Indiana. 2 All monetary figures are represented in 2007 dollars for purposes of making comparisons. 3 Cincinnati Children's fiscal year begins July 1 and ends June 30. Fiscal year 2007 began July 1, 2006 and ended June 30, 2007. University of Cincinnati June 2008 3 Expenditures and Employment Over the last decade, Cincinnati Children's has greatly expanded its staff and facilities, with a particular focus on developing unique and cutting-edge programs that place Cincinnati Children's in the forefront of pediatric care and research. This has allowed the medical center to achieve considerable growth in its patient care, research, and education programs. The expansion of Cincinnati Children's has required substantial increases in the amount of expenditures and number of employees as reflected in the following: • Cincinnati Children's expenditures were $1.21 billion in fiscal year 2007, an increase of 71 percent from $706.1 million in fiscal year 2002. Personnel expenditures represent more than half of total expenditures. • Wages and Benefits (including pension benefits) are the largest component of Personnel Expenditures and increased 81 percent from $299.7 million in fiscal year 2002 to $541.8 million in fiscal year 2007. Real wages per job increased 30 percent over the period, from $42,564 to $55,515. • Total employment increased 52 percent from 6,433 in fiscal year 2002 to 9,760 in fiscal year 2007. This growth can be attributed to the fact that Cincinnati Children's has added approximately 728 net jobs per year over the last decade. • Other Operating Costs (for various supplies and services, personnel services, and utilities) increased from $242.6 million in fiscal year 2002 to $367.3 million in fiscal year 2007, which reflects a 51 percent increase in expenditures. • Cincinnati Children's invested $156.8 million in Capital Expenditures in 2007, a 51 percent increase from $104.1 million in 2002. Construction accounts for the majority of Capital Expenditures and can be attributed primarily to a major new research facility and an office building/parking garage at its main campus, as well as a new campus in Liberty Township. Growth of Cincinnati Children's Spending by Type 1996 2002 2007 $680,959,000 $359,357,000 $367,314,000 $242,614,000 $175,441,000 $145,347,000 $156,753,000 $104,102,000 $24,675,000 Personnel Expenditures Other Operating Expenses Capital Expenditures University of Cincinnati June 2008 4 Cincinnati Children's estimates it will spend an additional $707.4 million on Capital Expenditures over the next five years which includes $232.9 million in Construction activities and $198.4 million in Capital Expenditures. Other Aspects of Impact and Growth In May 2008 U.S. News & World Report ranked Cincinnati Children's among the top three children's hospitals in General Pediatrics in its annual "America's Best Children's Hospitals" ranking. The national prominence and reputation of Cincinnati Children's results from the magnitude and quality of its patient care, research, and education efforts as highlighted below. Patient Care Over the last decade, Cincinnati Children's has expanded clinical services and made investments to provide state-of-the-art medical facilities to its patients. Since 2002, patient encounters have increased from 660,124 to 917,204, an increase of 39 percent. Many of these come from outside the Cincinnati area, which increases the economic impact of the medical center. Within the last two years, Cincinnati Children's has served patients from all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and 48 foreign countries. Research The research program at Cincinnati Children's has grown dramatically. In 2002, awards for sponsored research totaled $84.4 million, and in fiscal year 2007, the figure was over $123.4 million. In those same years, awards from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grew from $60.3 million to $92.1 million. Cincinnati Children's ranked second among all pediatric medical centers nationally in NIH funding in the 2006 federal fiscal year. Education Cincinnati Children's is home to the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, ranked as third best in the nation in 2007 by U.S. News & World Report. Cincinnati Children's also operates one of the largest and most highly rated pediatric residency programs in the nation. In addition it provides pediatric education to nursing students and a variety of other health professionals and trainees. Community Benefit During 2007, Cincinnati Children's provided a total of $170.5 million in community benefit programs and activities that include charitable patient care, internally subsidized research, graduate medical education, and community outreach programs. Commercialization Cincinnati Children's clinicians and researchers are engaged in pursuits that result in scientific discoveries and the creation of new technologies that advance health care and have the potential to generate substantial new economic activity. The portfolio of technology opportunities for commercialization has significantly increased over the past several years. University of Cincinnati June 2008 5 Section I Introduction Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati Children's) is one of the largest and fastest growing businesses in southwest Ohio. Since 1996, the medical center has pursued an aspirational vision: "to be the leader in improving child health". Pursuing that vision has led to rapid growth in programs and services, patient volumes, facilities, staff, and revenue. Cincinnati Children's now serves patients at 15 locations in Greater Cincinnati, operates the largest pediatric research facility in the Midwest, and employs approximately 10,000 individuals. Cincinnati Children's is nationally and internationally honored as a leader in improving health care delivery. In 2006, Cincinnati Children's became the first pediatric hospital to win the Quest for Quality Prize, presented by the American Hospital Association-McKesson Foundation. In 2008, the medical center will receive the Race for Results Award presented by the Child Health Corporation of America and the Picker Award of Excellence for advancing patient-centered care. Not only do families in Greater Cincinnati have access to an unprecedented level of health care for their children at Cincinnati Children's, families around the world travel to Cincinnati when their children need specialized care for rare, complex, and difficult-to-treat conditions. Purpose of the Study Cincinnati Children's directly and indirectly impacts the larger community in a wide variety of ways, including: • Improving the health and quality of life of children and their families • Providing jobs to area residents, both Cincinnati Children's employees and employees of vendors and consultants • Enhancing the community's reputation as a great place to live and work and helping area businesses recruit families to relocate to Greater Cincinnati In fall 2007, Cincinnati Children's commissioned the Economics Center for Education and Research to update a 2002 study of the impact Cincinnati Children's has on the community's economy. The purpose of this study is to identify and quantify, where possible, the economic impact that Cincinnati Children's has on the economy of the Cincinnati area. This report measures the economic impact of Cincinnati Children's on Greater Cincinnati's employment, household earnings, and business sales. The economic impact estimates use direct local spending by Cincinnati Children's, along with localized economic multipliers, to determine its indirect effects on other industries and households in the region. Other positive impacts that are difficult to quantify are also discussed in this report. They include the effect of Cincinnati Children's elite national reputation on the local economy as well as the contribution Cincinnati Children's makes to a healthier, more productive, regional population. Data Sources The data on which this analysis is based came directly from Cincinnati Children's. The medical center provided data on revenues, expenditures, staffing, and patients. The Economics Center for Education & Research supplemented this with information at its disposal about the interaction of Cincinnati Children's with the rest of the local economy. University of Cincinnati June 2008 6 Definitions The subject of study in this report is Cincinnati Children's. The economic impact calculations are based on the total expenditures of the medical center and of patients' families, who come from outside the area and spend money on lodging, food, and other goods and services in the Cincinnati area. The economic impact of any business includes three elements, as defined here: the direct impact, the indirect impact, and the induced impact. • The direct impact of Cincinnati Children's comprises the purchases of local resources (labor, goods, and services) to provide health care and related services. • The indirect impact is made up of the purchases of local resources made by local businesses in order to produce the goods and services purchased by the medical center, along with consequent purchases by other businesses that supply the first group of businesses. • The induced impact is the local household spending of the earnings of employees of Cincinnati Children's and its suppliers. For the economic impact section of this report, the study area is the 15-county Cincinnati Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) as defined by the Bureau of the Census. It is a 15-county region in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana as shown on the following map. Hence, all economic impact estimates, except where noted, are made for this region. Map of the Cincinnati-Middletown MSA The map above highlights the counties of the MSA: Hamilton, Butler, Warren, Clermont, and Brown Counties in southwestern Ohio; Boone, Kenton, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant, Pendleton, and Bracken Counties in northern Kentucky; and Franklin, Dearborn, and Ohio Counties in southeastern Indiana. University of Cincinnati June 2008 7 Section II Expenditures and Employment of Cincinnati Children's The economic impact of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center is generated through its expenditures and employment. The operation of Cincinnati Children's requires substantial spending on staffing, equipment, utilities, and other goods and services. Cincinnati Children's reported total expenditures of $1.21 billion for the 2007 fiscal year, which are almost double the amount of expenditures in 2002. Table 1 shows total institutional expenditures for three major categories. Table 1: Total Expenditures by Type Major Category Total Personnel Expenditures $680,959,000 57% Other Operating Expenses $367,314,000 30% Capital Expenditures $156,753,000 13% Total $1,205,026,000 Personnel Expenditures Personnel Expenditures of Cincinnati Children's have more than doubled since 2002, accounting for 57 percent of all hospital spending in fiscal year 2007. The significant level of Personnel Expenditures can be attributed to the fact that Cincinnati Children's is one of the top five employers in the Tri-State. It directly employed 9,760 people in fiscal year 2007, which is an increase of 52 percent since 2002. Full-time employees represented 59 percent of the total, while 41 percent were employed part-time. Table 2 shows the breakdown of employees by full- and part-time status. Table 2: Employment by Type Full-time 5,766 59% Part-time 3,994 41% Total Employment 9,760 Personnel Expenditures can be divided into four categories, as shown in Table 3 on the following page. • The largest component of Personnel Expenditures (indeed, of all expenditures) by Cincinnati Children's is Wages and Salaries paid to employees. This component totals $541.8 million and accounts for 80 percent of Personnel Expenditures (45 percent of all expenditures). • Employee Benefits account for 13 percent of expenditures in this category, and payments for Pension, Social Security, etc. account for another 5 percent. • An additional type of Personnel Expenditure is Temporary Personnel, which accounted for 2 percent. University of Cincinnati June 2008 8 Table 3: Personnel Expenditures Wages & Salaries $541,831,000 80% Employee Benefits $92,244,000 13% Pension, Social Security, Etc. $36,539,000 5% Temporary Personnel $10,345,000 2% Other Operating Expenses The next major category is Other Operating Expenses, which make up 30 percent of all expenditures. Three specific expenditure areas were identified, as shown in Table 4. • Supplies, Drugs, and Other constitute the largest category of Other Operating Expenses, which represents approximately 60 percent of the total category. This category also consists of a wide variety of expenditures, which includes administrative, research, repair, and non-medical overhead expenses. • Purchased Services (including expenditures on non-medical professional services) accounted for 34 percent of Other Operating Expenses. • Two other types of spending are Utilities and Liability Insurance, which respectively accounted for 6 percent of Other Operating Expenses. Table 4: Other Operating Expenses Supplies, Drugs, and Other 60% Purchased Services 34% Utilities and Liability Insurance 6% Capital Expenditures The third major category is Capital Expenditures. Total spending on Capital Expenditures amounted to $156.8 million in fiscal year 2007. This spending, which made up 13 percent of total expenditures in fiscal year 2007, is divided into three areas, as shown in Table 5. • Construction expenditures totaled $109.5 million, accounting for 70 percent of Capital Expenditures. Construction accounts for the majority of Capital Expenditures. Major projects include the following: a. In November 2006, a 2,000 space parking garage, including 100,000 square-feet of office space, broke ground and is expected to be complete in August 2008 b. In November 2007, a 12-story, 415,000 square-foot research building opened c. A new campus in Liberty Township is under construction and scheduled to open in August 2008 • Spending on Information Technology is an increasingly important area for Cincinnati Children's. Expenditures in this area accounted for 15 percent of capital spending, $22.9 million in 2007. • Other Capital Equipment expenditures totaled $24.4 million, accounting for 15 percent of Capital Expenditures. Table 5: Capital Expenditures Construction $109,495,000 70% Information Technology $22,866,000 15% Other Capital Equipment $24,392,000 15% University of Cincinnati June 2008 9 Cincinnati Children's estimates it will spend an additional $707.4 million on Capital Expenditures over the next five years, which includes $232.9 million for completion of the construction projects started in 2007 and for future projects including new buildings along Burnet Avenue that will add parking, office space, and clinic space for outpatient care. Also included in future Capital Expenditures are significant investments in information technology with plans to spend $198.4 million over the next five years, including expenditures for an integrated clinical and hospital information system. Figure 1 (below and on the next page) summarizes the allocation of Cincinnati Children's 2007 expenditures: Figure 1: Allocation of Cincinnati Children's Expenditures TOTAL EXPENDITURES: $1.21 Billion Personnel Other Expenditures Operating 57% Expenses 30% Capital Expenditures 13% University of Cincinnati June 2008 10 Figure 1 (continued): Allocation of Cincinnati Children's Expenditures Personnel Expenditures: $681.0 Million Payroll & Benefits Pension, 93% etc. 5% Other Temp. Personnel 2% Other Operating Expenses: $367.3 Million Capital Expenditures: $156.8 Million Utilities Supplies, 4% drugs, and other* Liability Other 60% Ins. Capital 2% Equipment 15% Construction 70% Information Purchased Technology Services 15% 34% * This category also consists of a wide variety of expenditures which includes administrative, research, repair, and non-medical overhead expenses. University of Cincinnati June 2008 11 Section III Expenditures by Mission The work of Cincinnati Children's is divided into three broad categories: providing patient care, conducting research that advances the practice of pediatric care, and educating health professionals. These categories also determine the three main expenditure areas by mission for the hospital. As shown in Figure 2, patient care services accounted for 78 percent of expenditures in fiscal year 2007. This figure includes spending on uncompensated care for medically indigent patients. Research accounted for 19 percent of expenditures and education for 3 percent. Figure 2: Expenditures by Mission Area Patient C are, 78% Research, 19% Education, 3% Patient Care The greatest portion of the medical center's expenditures (78 percent) supports its patient care services. Cincinnati Children's is one of the largest, most comprehensive children's hospitals in the country, offering services from well-child care to the most advanced diagnostic, medical, and surgical care for rare and complex conditions. The hospital operates at more than 15 different locations across the Greater Cincinnati community. A new facility is under construction in Liberty Township, which is expected to open in August 2008. Responding to a community crisis in mental health care, Cincinnati Children's has built the nation's largest pediatric Psychiatry department and has dedicated approximately 100 beds for inpatient mental health services. Cincinnati Children's established the College Hill Campus exclusively to provide mental health treatment for children and adolescents. Over the last decade, Cincinnati Children's has expanded and strengthened clinical services. Investments were made in new facilities and state-of-the-art medical and information technology to improve the quality and safety of care. University of Cincinnati June 2008 12 The medical center has been recruiting world-renowned physicians and surgeons, researchers, and clinicians of all types. The total number of employees has grown dramatically and is expected to exceed 10,000 in fiscal year 2008. All these investments have contributed to Cincinnati Children's growing reputation as a leader in pediatric care. This reputation is reflected in the significant increase in the number of families who travel here from outside the Greater Cincinnati area for access to care. In fiscal 2007, the hospital served children and families through more than 917,000 patient encounters. Included in this figure are: • 703,859 subspecialty outpatient visits • 26,804 inpatient admissions • 93,416 emergency department visits • 28,961 surgical procedures • 44,110 primary care visits Research Cincinnati Children's operates the largest pediatric research center in the Midwest and one of the largest in the country. Expenditures to support the research program constitute 19 percent of the medical center's budget. In November 2007, Cincinnati Children's opened a new 415,000 square-foot research building. Four years under construction, this building brings the medical center's dedicated research space to more than 900,000 square-feet. The medical center invested in building new research facilities and establishing core resources to support innovative work by scientists in many disciplines. Today, investigators at Cincinnati Children's are on the leading edge of genetic and genomic research, bioinformatics, and personalized medicine. Discoveries made at Cincinnati Children's are improving the care the hospital provides its patients, and they are being licensed for commercial development so that they can become available to children everywhere. Commercialization Cincinnati Children's clinicians and researchers are also engaged in pursuits that result in scientific discoveries and the creation of new technologies that advance health care and generate the potential for economic activity through invention disclosures, patents, and licenses. The Center for Technology Commercialization (CTC), which manages Cincinnati Children's current and evolving portfolio of research and technologies, is a key resource for the medical center, its investigators, Cincy Tech, and the local economy. The portfolio of technology opportunities for commercialization has significantly increased over the past several years. In fiscal year 2007 alone, Cincinnati Children's and its faculty have been engaged in: • 87 invention disclosures (projecting 112 in fiscal 2008) • 67 patent applications filed • 9 patents issued • 15 licenses signed • $5.5 million in licensing revenue (excluding the potential $24 million sale of the royalty stream for the Rotarix vaccine) In addition to the activity listed above, the CTC has helped to form several companies and funds based in the Cincinnati Region which, in turn, bring dollars and jobs from outside the area. University of Cincinnati June 2008 13 Education Cincinnati Children's expenditures on education constituted 3 percent of its total expenditures in 2007. Cincinnati Children's offers a wide range of clinical and research fellowship opportunities. The medical center is affiliated with 11 colleges of nursing to provide pediatric education to nursing students, and educates health professionals in a wide range of health disciplines including occupational and physical therapy and speech pathology. Cincinnati Children's includes the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, with responsibility for pediatric education of the medical students. In 2007, a U.S. News & World Report survey ranked this department as third best in the nation. In partnership with the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's also offers graduate education for master's and doctoral level students in developmental biology, genetic counseling, and immunobiology. In 2007, Cincinnati Children's also launched a formal mentorship program to identify and coach future leaders within the institution. University of Cincinnati June 2008 14 Section IV Revenues of Cincinnati Children's Operational expenses of Cincinnati Children's are funded through revenues from patient care, research grants and contracts, charitable donations, and endowment funds. This section contains a limited analysis of Cincinnati Children's revenues, which totaled $1.16 billion in fiscal year 2007. A thorough analysis is beyond the scope and nature of this economic impact study. Patient Services Revenue The majority of Cincinnati Children's revenue is patient services revenue. In fiscal year 2007, $752.7 million, or 65 percent of the total $1.16 billion, was net patient services revenue (gross billings less contractual write-offs and charity care). Cincinnati Children's cost of uncompensated care in fiscal year 2007 was $144.9 million or 19 percent of total billings. The growth in patient services revenue, as shown in Table 6, is largely a reflection of Cincinnati Children's continuing growth as a provider of pediatric heath care services. Table 6: Patient Services Revenue Net Patient Annual Services Revenue Growth FY 2005 $586,817,000 -- FY 2006 $657,491,000 12% FY 2007 $752,721,000 14% Grant Revenue The research program at Cincinnati Children's has grown dramatically. Cincinnati Children's ranked second among all U.S. pediatric research centers in 2006 NIH funding, behind only Children's Hospital Boston. Figure 3 shows the listing of pediatric research centers that received the highest levels of NIH funds in the 2006 federal fiscal year, with Cincinnati Children's receiving $84.0 million. University of Cincinnati June 2008 15 Figure 3: Top 10 Children's Hospitals and Medical School Depts. of Pediatrics with NIH Funding (Federal FY 2006) $92.4 $84.0 $79.8 $59.2 ($ millions) $25.3 $23.2 $22.7 $22.6 $22.4 $19.9 st on ti ia re n's s I nst. nst . nd C t itut e 's B o inna e lph Child nge le rch I O akla UPM re n C inc hilad os A a rch e sea re n's r g h/ r/I ns Child e n's n's P ud e n's L Re se t sbu rie ge C hildr ildre S t. J ildre bus / na l/R C hild re n 's Pit e dy K Ch Ch C olu m N atio C hild Kenn re n's re n's C hild C hild Despite a flat NIH budget over the last four years, grant awards to Cincinnati Children's have continued to increase. The medical center was awarded $92.1 million by NIH during fiscal year 2007. Total awards for all sponsored research have increased from $84.4 million in 2002 to over $123.4 million4 in 2007. Among the highlights of 2007, Cincinnati Children's received a $23.7 million contract from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH to renew and expand the Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Unit. This award is the largest contract or grant the medical center has ever received. Gifts and Donations Gifts to Cincinnati Children's Hospital Foundation are a vital part of supporting the hospital's mission by helping to ensure its capacity to excel and grow in all three areas. The Foundation relies on all segments of the community to support its efforts. Gifts and donations totaled $29.4 million during fiscal year 2007. Figure 4 shows the general sources of gifts to the Foundation. 4 Actual amount spent on research was $119.5 million as per the 2007 audited financial statements. University of Cincinnati June 2008 16 Figure 4: Gifts to Cincinnati Children's Auxiliaries, Special Events, Groups and C ommunity Organizations Planned Gifts 13% 21% C orporations and Foundations Individuals and 34% Family Foundations Gifts-in-kind 29% 3% University of Cincinnati June 2008 17 Section V Economic and Fiscal Impacts of Cincinnati Children's The expenditures described in Section II create additional indirect and induced economic impacts within Greater Cincinnati. As shown in the table below, expenditures by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center generated an additional $1.51 billion in indirect and induced economic activity within the Cincinnati region. The presence of Cincinnati Children's also accounts for another $5.7 million in direct and indirect economic activity as a result of non-resident spending in the Cincinnati area. When these expenditures and impacts are combined, Cincinnati Children's total annual economic impact on Greater Cincinnati was $2.72 billion in fiscal year 2007. Table 7: Total Economic Impact Total Indirect and Total Economic Expenditures Induced Impact Impact Hospital Operations $1,048,273,000 $1,314,534,000 $2,362,807,000 Capital Expenditures $156,753,000 $190,873,000 $347,626,000 Visitor Spending $2,844,000 $2,810,000 $5,654,000 Total $1,207,870,000 $1,508,217,000 $2,716,087,000 Hospital Operations Most of the economic impact of Cincinnati Children's comes from its operations. The total impact of hospital operations was $2.36 billion in fiscal year 2007, which is 87 percent of the total impact. The indirect and induced impact is greater than the Direct Expenditures by the hospital. This is a result of the large economic multipliers for hospitals, which is another reason why Cincinnati Children's is so important to the local economy. Table 8: Economic Impact of Hospital Operations Direct Expenditures $1,048,273,000 Indirect and Induced Impact $1,314,534,000 Total Economic Impact $2,362,807,000 Capital Expenditures Capital Expenditures are also an important part of the economic impact of Cincinnati Children's. Collectively, their economic impact was $347.6 million in fiscal year 2007. • Spending on Construction totaled $109.5 million during fiscal year 2007. This created an additional $144.2 million in indirect business sales and household income in the Greater Cincinnati economy, producing a total economic impact of $253.7 million. • Investment in Information Technology amounted to $22.9 million during fiscal year 2007. This created an additional $22.2 million in indirect business sales and household income in the Greater Cincinnati economy, producing a total economic impact of $45.1 million. University of Cincinnati June 2008 18 • Other Capital Equipment accounted for the remaining $24.4 million in Capital Expenditures. This created an additional $24.4 million in indirect business sales and household income in the Greater Cincinnati economy, producing a total economic impact of $48.8 million. Table 9 shows the contributions to the total economic impact made by each of the three components of Capital Expenditures. Construction accounted for 73 percent of this impact, Information Technology accounted for 13 percent, and Other Capital Equipment generated the remaining 14 percent. Table 9: Capital Expenditures Impact Information Other Capital Construction Technology Equipment Total Total Expenditures $109,495,000 $22,866,000 $24,392,000 $156,753,000 Indirect and Induced Impact $144,237,000 $22,244,000 $24,392,000 $190,873,000 Total Economic Impact $253,732,000 $45,110,000 $48,784,000 $347,626,000 The impact of Visitor Spending is discussed in Section VI. Fiscal Impact Cincinnati Children's accounted for $73.1 million in state and local revenues from income and sales taxes in fiscal year 2007. This includes hospital employee income taxes, income taxes paid on indirect household earnings, and sales taxes from consumer spending of household income. Table 10: Fiscal Impact Local State Total Revenue Revenue Tax Payments: Payroll/Income Tax Withholding $10,910,000 $21,505,000 $32,415,000 Taxes from Indirect and Induced Activity: Payroll/Income Tax Withholding $10,277,000 $10,277,000 $20,554,000 Sales Tax $2,682,000 $17,436,000 $20,118,000 Total Impact $23,869,000 $49,218,000 $73,087,000 University of Cincinnati June 2008 19 Section VI Visitor Impact Because patients' families and visiting medical professionals that Cincinnati Children's attracts from outside Greater Cincinnati also spend money at area restaurants, hotels, and other business establishments, Cincinnati Children's has an additional economic impact that is not accounted for in the preceding portions of this analysis. Patient Families The families and visitors of patients create the majority of this impact. While a number of assumptions are required in order to estimate the size of the impact, conservative assumptions are used to ensure that the impact is not overstated. As shown in the following table, Cincinnati Children's handled 3,985 non-resident inpatient cases, with 7.9-day average length of stay in fiscal year 2007. This produces a figure of 31,535 potential days of family spending. This is a conservative estimate of potential spending days as it does not take into account the families who also travel to Cincinnati Children's for outpatient services. Many of these families have multiple outpatient appointments scheduled over several days which require them to spend the night and therefore, they also utilize local hotel, food, and entertainment resources in the area. Table 11: Non-Resident Families Spending Characteristics Daily Spending (excluding hotels) Number of Inpatient Cases 3,985 Average Length of Stay 7.9 Potential Days of Spending 31,535 Reduction in Spending Days -16,380 Net Estimated Spending Days 15,155 Average Daily Spending per Family $41.54 Total Estimated Spending $630,000 Because Ronald McDonald House assists many of the inpatient families (1,092 in 2006 the latest year for which data is available) by providing accommodations at lower rates, the spending potential is reduced accordingly, with a conservative assumption that at least that number of families stayed at Ronald McDonald during fiscal year 2007 as well. These families also have a longer length of stay (assumed to be 15 days). The results of these adjustments are the net estimated spending days shown above. Note that these numbers may well be higher because extended families and other visitors are excluded from this analysis, as are families who come to Cincinnati Children's for outpatient care. Finally, conservative estimates are used for the average amount of spending. Non-resident visitors also spent close to $343,000 on their hotel stays during 2007. The following table shows the combined impact of non-resident daily and hotel spending. While their hotel spending comprises the payments for their stays at hotels, daily spending comprises all other expenditures they make on food, beverages, and other retail trade items. Table 12: Non-Resident Patient Spending Impact Daily Hotel Total Total Spending $630,000 $343,000 $973,000 Total Economic Impact $1,396,000 $672,000 $2,068,000 Wages and Salaries Impact $439,000 $216,000 $655,000 Employment Impact 21 8 29 University of Cincinnati June 2008 20 Ronald McDonald House Cincinnati Children's partnership with Ronald McDonald House provides enormous benefit for patients and their families. Ronald McDonald House, an independent charitable organization, offers food, lodging, and other services (such as laundry, tutoring, and recreation) to patients' families from 45 states (excluding Ohio) and 15 other countries. The House served 1,092 families in 2006, and it had operating expenditures totaling $1.8 million, producing a total economic impact of $3.5 million5. Table 13: Ronald McDonald House Impact6 Total Spending $1,811,000 Total Economic Impact $3,463,000 Wages and Salaries Impact $879,000 Employment Impact 39 The importance of Ronald McDonald House goes beyond this modest economic impact. The availability of this service, which gives priority to families living outside of a 40-mile radius of Cincinnati, adds to the attractiveness of the care provided by Cincinnati Children's, thus encouraging new money to be brought into the area. Visiting Medical Professionals In fiscal year 2007, Cincinnati Children's sponsored 48 continuing medical education conferences and symposia that attracted 626 participants from outside the area, in addition to a larger number of local professionals. Besides professionals visiting from around the country, the medical center also attracts professionals from around the world through international partnerships. The stays of these foreign professionals in Cincinnati ranges from a week to months. Based on the varying lengths of these meetings, visiting medical personnel brought an estimated $60,000 into the local economy and generated an impact of $123,000, as shown in the table below. Table 14: Visiting Medical Professional Spending Impact Daily Hotel Total Estimated Spending Days / Hotel Nights 612 487 Average Spending $34 $80 Total Spending $21,000 $39,000 $60,000 Total Economic Impact $47,000 $76,000 $123,000 Wages and Salaries Impact $15,000 $25,000 $40,000 Employment Impact 0.7 1.0 2.0 Taken together, these three sources of visitors from outside the region represent an additional $2.8 million in local spending and $5.7 million in economic impact for the Cincinnati area. 5 Cincinnati Children's will be assisting the Ronald McDonald House in its planned $7.0 million expansion in the coming year that will add 30 new rooms, expecting to serve 500 additional families a year. 6 All figures are in 2006 dollars since Ronald McDonald House operates on a calendar year and data for Cincinnati Children's fiscal year 2007 was not available at the time of the study. University of Cincinnati June 2008 21 Section VII Impact on Household Income and Employment The impact of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center on household income begins with the wages and benefits paid to its own employees. Next come the indirect impacts, as other businesses hire and pay employees to meet the demands of the medical center. All of these activities generate household income and help to support full- and part-time jobs in the Cincinnati area. Employees at Cincinnati Children's earn an average salary of $55,515. In contrast to highly-paid athletes who generally live outside the region, the health-care professionals who work at Cincinnati Children's reside and do most of their spending in Greater Cincinnati. These individuals, thus, contribute significantly to the economic impact on the community. Moreover, they are an essential component of the highly- valued creative class that is so important for strong cities. The economic impact on household earnings due to Cincinnati Children's totaled $1.16 billion in fiscal year 2007. Total Capital Expenditures contributed $108.6 million to total earnings impacts, while Non-Resident Spending accounted for $1.6 million. The breakdown of this impact is shown in Table 15. Table 15: Impact on Household Earnings Type of Impact Amount Operations - Direct Earnings $670,614,000 Operations - Indirect Earnings $380,758,000 Operations - Combined Impact $1,051,372,000 Capital Expenditures Impact $108,603,000 Non-Resident Spending Impact $1,574,000 Total Impact $1,161,549,000 Employment In fiscal year 2007, expenditures by Cincinnati Children's resulted in a total employment creation of 24,381 jobs throughout a variety of industries in Greater Cincinnati. This overall impact on employment is the sum of all jobs created or maintained as a result of the economic activity generated by Cincinnati Children's. • 9,760 of these positions are the direct result of employment within the medical center. • Another 2,832 positions, 12 percent of all jobs, are the result of Construction and Other Capital Expenditures. • The remaining 69 positions are the result of Non-Resident Spending. Table 16 on the following page shows the number of jobs directly and indirectly created by the economic activity generated in each of these three categories. University of Cincinnati June 2008 22 Table 16: Impact on Employment Type of Impact Employees Operations - Direct Employment 9,760 Operations - Indirect Employment 11,720 Operations - Combined Impact 21,480 Capital Expenditures Impact 2,832 Non-Resident Spending Impact 69 Total Impact 24,381 University of Cincinnati June 2008 23 Section VIII Importance of New Money for the Local Economy A generally-accepted theory of regional economic growth, known as export-base theory, argues that a region's export industries are key to achieving sustained regional economic viability and growth. To the extent that its services are funded by out-of-area monies, Cincinnati Children's may be viewed as one of the region's exporting firms. Cincinnati Children's is part of the export base of the Cincinnati area. It exports its clinical, research, and educational services to individuals from outside the local economy. In addition to funding from grants and other sources that originates outside of the area but is spent here, a substantial share of the economic impact of Cincinnati Children's is generated by new money coming into the local economy. Patients, their families and visitors, and professionals from outside of the area come here, eat at local restaurants, and stay in local hotels. This increases the economic impact of the medical center. Within the last two years, Cincinnati Children's has served patients from all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and 48 foreign countries. Research Funding According to the audited financial statements for fiscal year 2007, a total of $108.8 million spent on research came from grant revenues and research contracts. This includes $98.0 million in federal money, with other agencies (mostly foundations and other non-profit organizations) providing roughly $10.8 million. An additional $2.4 million spent came from the state of Ohio and $8.4 million from industries. Table 17: Outside Funding of Cincinnati Children's Research Federal Funds $92,100,000 Other Federal Agencies $5,896,000 Other Agencies $10,756,000 State Funds $2,390,000 Industry $8,366,000 Total $119,508,000 Gifts and Donations Cincinnati Children's received a total of $8.6 million in new money (money from outside Greater Cincinnati) in the form of gifts and donations (29 percent of total gifts). Patient Services Revenue Although patients from outside of the 15-county Cincinnati Metropolitan Statistical Area represent only 10 percent of all patients, those who come to Cincinnati Children's do so because it is an elite institution with the capacity to care for children who need higher levels of care, requiring larger proportions of surgery and inpatient care. Consequently, 29 percent of total patient revenue comes from a disproportionately small percentage of patients coming from outside of the Cincinnati MSA. The proportions of patients and patient revenue coming from outside the Cincinnati region have increased considerably since 2002. The number of patients coming from outside the region has more than doubled. Non-Resident Spending As described earlier, additional spending by visiting professionals and by families of non-resident patients brings an estimated $2.8 million into the local economy which has an economic impact of $5.7 million. University of Cincinnati June 2008 24 Impact of New Money It is possible to calculate Cincinnati Children's clinical "exports" by using data on patient services revenue. In fiscal year 2007, charges from outside the Cincinnati area constituted approximately 29 percent of all patient revenue (inpatient and outpatient). Hence, an estimated $787.6 million of the $2.72 billion economic impact is generated by people who are not residents of the Cincinnati MSA. This new money is very important for its role in replenishing the local economy. Other sources of new money for the local economy include $92.1 million in federal funding from the National Institutes of Health grants. University of Cincinnati June 2008 25 Section IX Community Benefit Activities and Other Impacts Community Outreach Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has fostered a tradition of service to the community. Cincinnati Children's has been engaged in providing community benefits like charitable patient care, community outreach programs, internally subsidized medical research, and graduate medical education. During 2007, Cincinnati Children's provided a total of $170.5 million in community benefit programs and activities. These and other activities are consistent with its mission but do not produce increased revenue. Through constructive partnerships, outreach programs, and other activities, Cincinnati Children's reaches beyond the hospital's walls to meet a broad range of community needs. Examples of activities undertaken for the community's benefit include: • Taking on a leadership role in charitable organizations, such as United Way • Providing leadership and support for initiatives to revitalize and develop the Uptown neighborhoods • Providing medical and dental care services for medically indigent children • Offering outreach and education to promote child safety through use of bike helmets and seat belts • Leading outreach programs to reduce infant mortality and reduce violence • Partnering with area businesses, organizations, and the Cincinnati Public Schools to provide eye exams and glasses for low income, school-age children • Responding to a crisis in access to mental health services by dramatically increasing the number of psychiatrists and psychologists on the hospital's staff, increasing the number of hospital beds for psychiatric patients, and opening a facility for long-term residential psychiatric care International Collaborations Cincinnati Children's has ongoing research and educational collaborations in Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Examples include the following: • With support from Procter & Gamble (P&G), Cincinnati Children's has created the Bang Bao Scholars Program. ("Bang Bao" is Chinese for helping precious children.) This program brings mid-career researchers from select children's and women's hospitals in China to Cincinnati for a year of laboratory research under the mentorship of a senior investigator. The scholars return to their home institution with a $25,000 grant from P&G for continuing research and professional development. • Another collaboration in Asia is a five-year educational exchange with Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital (MPUH) in India. Fellowship candidates selected by the Urological Society of India spend up to two years at Cincinnati Children's for training in pediatric urology. The goal is to establish MPUH as a regional/national center of excellence for pediatric urology and to achieve recognition for the specialty of pediatric urology in India. • In fall 2007, Cincinnati Children's established a partnership with Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital in London, England, one of the best-known children's hospitals in the world. Cincinnati Children's will share its clinical expertise and best practices as well as its knowledge of how to make transformational improvement. The two institutions will explore opportunities for collaborative research and consultative services, and there will be educational exchanges involving physicians and other health care professionals. University of Cincinnati June 2008 26 Section X Growth Trends (2002 - 2007) Overall Image and Reputation Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center enjoys a national reputation as one of the world's best pediatric hospitals. The U.S. News and World Report survey has ranked Cincinnati Children's third nationally among children's hospitals in General Pediatrics in 2008. Child Magazine's annual list of best children's hospitals lists Cincinnati Children's number five in the country. The quantity and quality of research done at Cincinnati Children's is evidenced by the support it receives from NIH which in turn enhances the reputation of Cincinnati Children's in pediatric research. As mentioned previously, Cincinnati Children's Hospital ranked second among all pediatric medical centers nationally in NIH funding in fiscal year 2006. Increased Economic Impact Cincinnati Children's continues to grow. Table 20 compares the 2002 economic impact results with the fiscal year 2007 results. Following are some highlights7: • Total economic impact increased 78 percent from $1.53 billion in 2002 to $2.72 billion in 2007. This is three times the overall growth rate of the local economy during the same five year period. • In 2007 dollars, expenditures increased 71 percent, from $706.1 million to $1.21 billion. • Direct earnings and benefits increased from $331.5 million to $634.1 million. This reflects a 91 percent increase in real wage and benefit payments. • New jobs are being added every month at Cincinnati Children's. Total employment increased 52 percent, from 6,433 to 9,760. • The impact on household earnings increased 89 percent. The impact of employee payroll increased from $615.6 million to $1.16 billion. • The employment impact increased from 13,793 jobs to 24,381, a 77 percent increase. Table 20: Hospital Growth: 2002 - 07 (in 2007 dollars) 2002 2007 02-'07 Total Expenditures $706,074,000 $1,205,026,000 71% Wages and Benefits $331,541,000 $634,075,000 91% Total Employed: Jobs 6,433 9,760 52% Full-time 62% 59% Part-time 38% 41% Total Economic Impact $1,525,086,000 $2,716,087,000 78% Business Sales (indirect) Impact $909,496,000 $1,508,217,000 66% Household Earnings Impact $615,590,000 $1,161,549,000 89% Total Impact on Employment: Jobs 13,793 24,381 77% Dollar figures from analysis of 2002 data are inflated by 13.9 percent change in CPI from 2002 to 2007. 7 All monetary figures are presented in terms of 2007 dollars for making data comparable University of Cincinnati June 2008 27 Increased Expenditures Table 21 shows comparisons for individual expenditure categories. These increased expenditures primarily result in the increased impacts discussed earlier. Following are some highlights: • In 2007 dollars, wage and salaries increased 81 percent from $299.7 million to $541.8 million. Real wages per job increased 30 percent over the period, from $42,564 to $55,515. • Other Operating Costs (for various supplies and services, personnel services, and utilities) increased from $242.6 million to $367.3 million, which reflects a 51 percent increase in expenditures. • Total Capital Expenditures increased 51 percent from $104.1 million to $156.8 million. This is due to large increases in both Construction and other Capital Expenditures. Expenditures on Capital and Construction are budgeted at $290.6 million for the next year. Cincinnati Children's estimates it will spend around $715.1 million on Capital Expenditures during 2008 - 2012. Table 21: Spending Growth by Type: 2002 - 2007 (in 2007 dollars) 2002 2007 02-'07 Wages and Salaries $299,738,000 $541,831,000 81% Total Employed: Jobs 6,433 9,760 52% Average Wage per Job $42,564 $55,515 30% Other Operating Costs $242,614,000 $367,314,000 51% Capital Expenditures $104,102,000 $156,753,000 51% Construction $60,497,000 $109,495,000 68% Other Capital $43,605,000 $47,258,000 8% Increased Funding Since 2002, Cincinnati Children's has seen an immense growth in its NIH funding (primarily for research). NIH funding over the past eight years is depicted in Table 22. Table 22: NIH Funding 2000 $35,033,198 2001 $39,308,861 2002 $57,110,263 2003 $70,883,446 2004 $73,784,037 2005 $83,121,177 2006 $83,974,690 2007 $92,100,000 Between 2000 and 2007, total NIH funding has grown by $57.1 million or 163 percent. This growth rate is especially important when it is considered that total NIH funding (to all institutions) has increased from $14.7 billion in 2000 to $20.8 billion in 2006, which represents an increase of 41 percent. University of Cincinnati June 2008 28 Appendix A Methodological Notes The total economic impact of Cincinnati Children's is the sales, income, and jobs of Cincinnati Children's plus its direct, indirect, and induced impacts on the local economy. More simply stated, the total economic impact is the value of Cincinnati Children's expenditures plus the value of any other local economic activity that is directly or indirectly linked to it. An economic impact analysis measures an organization's total economic effect on the region. The total economic effect is derived not only from the direct expenditures made by the organization in the geographic area under analysis but also from the economic benefits that accrue to local businesses and households from the recirculation of this money. This approach requires understanding the nature and extent of an organization's local expenditures to calculate how they affect overall business sales, household earnings, and employment in the region. Economic impact analyses multiply local expenditures by an industry and location specific factor that reflects how much indirect business activity, earnings, and employment will result after the initial spending or investment has occurred. Measuring the indirect and induced impacts related to the Operations and Capital Expenditures of Cincinnati Children's is made possible by multipliers derived from an input-output table for the Cincinnati MSA. The Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce has constructed these tables for major metropolitan areas in the U.S. through its RIMS II project. The RIMS II tables for the 15-county Cincinnati MSA provide multipliers to measure the indirect and induced impacts of virtually any type of economic activity in the region. Comparison of 1996 and 2002 data with 2007 data required adjustments for inflation. To adjust for inflation, the change in the Consumer Price Index for the Cincinnati area was used. University of Cincinnati June 2008 29


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- Thu
- Mar 5, 2015
- Updated: 6:57pm
Stem cells
Stem cells are biological cells found in all multi-cellular organisms, that can divide into diverse specialised cell types and can self-renew to produce more stem cells. Human adult stem cells are routinely used in medical therapies, for example in bone marrow transplants. Stem cells can also be artificially grown and transformed into specialised cell types with characteristics consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves.
Researchers make embryonic stem cells from skin
US researchers have reported a breakthrough in stem cell research, describing how they have turned human skin cells into embryonic stem cells for the first time.
The method described on Wednesday by Oregon State University scientists in the journal Cell, would not likely be able to create human clones, said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, senior scientist at the Oregon National Primate Research Centre.
But it is an important step in research because it does not require the use of embryos in creating the type of stem cell capable of transforming into any other type of cell in the body.
The technique involves transplanting an individual's DNA into an egg cell that has been stripped of genetic material, a variation of a method called somatic cell nuclear transfer.
"A thorough examination of the stem cells derived through this technique demonstrated their ability to convert just like normal embryonic stem cells, into several different cell types, including nerve cells, liver cells and heart cells," said Mitalipov.
He added that since the reprogrammed cells use genetic material from the patient, there is no concern about transplant rejection.
"While there is much work to be done in developing safe and effective stem cell treatments, we believe this is a significant step forward in developing the cells that could be used in regenerative medicine," Mitalipov said.
Another advantage of this approach is that it does not use fertilised embryos to obtain stem cells, a technique that raises major ethical issues because the embryo is destroyed.
Since the birth of the sheep Dolly in 1996 in the United Kingdom, the first cloned animal, researchers have cloned some 20 species including goats and rabbits, but never monkeys or primates whose biologies and reproduction is more complex.
Years of research on monkey cells using the same technique have not successfully produced any monkey clones.
Since the human cells used in the study appeared even more fragile, researchers said it was unlikely that clones could be made.
"While nuclear transfer breakthroughs often lead to a public discussion about the ethics of human cloning, this is not our focus, nor do we believe our findings might be used by others to advance the possibility of human reproductive cloning," they said.
Scientists hope that stem cell research will offer new pathways in the fight against Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries and blindness.
Nonetheless, the US Conference of Catholic Bishops warned that other researchers will use the new technique to try to clone people.
Cardinal Sean O'Malley of Boston said this way of making embryos will be taken up by people who want to produce cloned children as "copies" of other people.
"Whether used for one purpose or the other, human cloning treats human beings as products, manufactured to order to suit other people's wishes." He added, "A technical advance in human cloning is not progress for humanity but its opposite," he said in a statement.
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A Jackson County woman died Monday afternoon of injuries caused when her husband's car left the road and struck a utility pole northwest of Medora.
Mary Margaret Hunsucker, 94, of Vallonia, was pronounced dead at Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital in Indianapolis at 2:03 p.m., Sheriff Michael Carothers said.
The Marion County coroner's office told him that Hunsucker died from head injuries.
Hunsucker was flown by Lifeline Air Ambulance to Methodist, Carothers said.
Her husband, John E. Hunsucker, 87, was taken by Jackson County EMS to Schneck Medical Center in Seymour. He was expected to be transferred Monday evening to Methodist, also for treatment of head injuries, Carothers said.
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text: Animal Sand Sculptures above provided by Gina Filloramo, Trinity College, Class of 2010 A Note From Bob As the summer too quickly draws to a close, we who stay here after schools start have much to look forward to. September is the perfect time. The air is crisp, the ocean warm and the fall colors begin to abound. Life settles down again, and we reflect on all that has happened these past few months. The rentals were very good this summer and home sales were strong early on. We are now waiting for Labor Day and more buyers to make the plunge. These past few months have seen some very significant signs of interest in current projects. The Ocean House progress has brought about many inquiries and renewed interest. Stop by our office and pick up one of the beautiful new brochures which captures what a signature dwelling this will be on the coast. The Weekapaug Inn has priced its exciting new coastal pond and beach project in relaxing Weekapaug, and has the latest information for your viewing in our office along with sign-up interest sheets. The Shelter Harbor Golf Club has had a great resurgence in new membership (over twenty at last count), and the Weekapaug Golf Club is close to capacity. The Winnapaug Cottages, which we have actively joined with in marketing, has picked up several new contracts. New restaurants have come into town, and the famous Knickerbocker is about to open its doors. Our area becomes more and more special and in demand, contrary to all market reports. On a cautionary note, I am urging all leasers and leasees to plan early. Fewer homes are available in the rental pool, and it becomes imperative on both sides to make your plans now. Meanwhile, enjoy our fall season and please keep us in mind for your future plans! Goings on About Town and Beyond Aug 29 – 31 The 11th Annual Rhythm and Roots Festival Ninigret Park, Charlestown 888.885.6940 rhythmandroots.com Aug 29 – Sept 26 Transmutations: An Exhibition of 4 Westerly Artists , Industrial Bank Building, 14 High Street, Westerly, Open 8/29 6pm-9pm, Wed thru Sun 10am-4pm Sept 3 Westerly Arts Night 5-8pm Downtown galleries and studios open in unison to exhibit new works. 348.0733 Sept 5 - 28 "Opening Night" at the Granite Theatre 1 Granite Street, 596.2341 Sept 5 – 7 Taste of Mystic Over 30 local restaurants will be on Cottrell Street in Downtown Mystic. 860.572.5098 atasteofmystic.com Sept 6 The Sergio Franchi 15th Annual Memorial Concert 3pm, Stonington, CT 860.535.9429 sergiofranchi.com Sept 13 - 14 Hopkinton Craft Festival 10-4 Crandall House, Ashaway, 377.7795 Sept 14 Wings Over Westerly 10-3 Westerly Airport 596.0717 Sept 19 Autumn Artwalk and Wine Tasting free event sponsored by The Village at South County Commons, South Kingstown, southcountycommons.com Sept 20 Green Share Field Day URI Botanical Gardens, 3 East Alumni Ave., Kingston, 784.2900 Sept 20 Great American Heart Walk 9am Watch Hill Park 348.1397 Sept 21 By Land and By Sea 9-4 Antique Vehicles at Mystic Seaport 888.973.2767 Sept 28 Denison Pequotosepos Wild Mushroom Festival 3-6:30pm 860.536.1216 Sept 28 Musica Dolce Presents Chamber Ensemble Sunday afternoon, Industrial Bank Building, 14 High Street, Westerly 782.1602 Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com Weekapaug Croquet Invitational From the beautiful porch of Poody Maynard's Wawaloam home, who hosted the opening reception on Thursday, July 31, to the pristine, manicured croquet lawns of the Shelter Harbor Inn, The Pond View Racquet and Croquet Club, and the Weekapaug Croquet Club, The Second Annual Weekapaug Croquet Invitational got off to a smashing start. Some of the local winners include Sean Hartley, who won the B Championship, Bob Seelert, won the B Flight and Bob Prosser was runner up in the A Flight. Ken White, from The Key Largo Croquet Club, was on hand as a consultant to the Weekapaug Croquet Group. We look forward to more croquet in the future and are hopeful the proposed croquet lawn at the new Ocean House will be ready soon! THANKS TO JANE SHANLEY / PHOTOS BY JUDY PROSSER DRAWING COURTESY OF WAYNE HOLMES Producers Look to Southern New England to Launch a TV series On July 26 at the Misquamicut Music Festival, Wayne Holmes introduced his concept for a new television series called "the Wreck" to the cheering crowd. Hollywood start, Richard Riehle, whose credits include "Office Space", "Fried Green Tomatoes" on film and "The Iceman Cometh" with Kevin Spacey on Broadway, told the audience of his enthusiasm for the area and the story of "The Wreck". Mr. Riehle was excited about the prospect of moving here from the west coast upon the success of the pilot. Lynn D'Angona, will direct this "dramedy" about a brackish watering hole on a New England beach and the odd collection of tourists and local characters who frequent it. Mr. Holmes hopes to begin shooting the pilot in the late fall. Oysters on the Half Shell Review The Flying Colors Gallery at the Pond View Racquet and Croquet Club is holding a special tribute to Manual Tavares, 1937-38 National Oyster Shucking Champion held at Madison Square Garden. Come view the Oyster exhibit on Warren, RI's flourishing oyster industry, where you will find art work by Charlotte Cottrell, Elizabeth Ferry, Alfred Birdsey and others. From the late 1800s, when Warren's waterfront was lined with Oyster shucking houses, to the Industry's near demise after the 1938 Hurricane, and then onto unexpected bounty. From the opening reception Aug 29 until September 26, you can view new works of art by four Westerly artists at the Industrial Trust Bank Building, 14 High Street in Westerly. Charlie Clough, Marcia Felber, Pamela Markham, and Read McKendree are the featured artists with Clough giving an artist talk Wednesday, September 3 at 8 pm. Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: email@example.com Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 Grafton,Vermont Weekapaug Green Over a year ago, several long-term residents of Weekapaug became concerned about global warming and the threat it poses to our community and decided to form Weekapaug Green. The group's mission is to raise awareness of global warming and educate the community about actions residents can take to help protect our environment. Weekapaug Green is promoting several initiatives to reduce carbon emissions in Weekapaug -- these include making our community more bicycle and pedestrian friendly, promoting the need for community-wide recycling, and promoting the importance of supporting local farmers, dairies, and merchants. This summer Weekapaug Green sponsored two lectures, one by Jay Butera on global warming and sustainability and a second by Caroly Shumway of The Nature Conservancy on coastal conservation. The organization organized a Green Kids' Parade, a Zero Emissions Day, and two Farmer's Markets featuring organic farmers. The Zero Emissions Day displays included a Toyota Prius, a Smart car, two beach bicycles from Ray Willis, a recumbent adult tricycle, a solar oven, solar and wind energy information and a display about the geothermal well that will provide heating and cooling to the refurbished Weekapaug Inn. Literature about global warming, information about pond-friendly lawn care, and examples of earth-friendly household cleaning products was also available. In both July and August Weekapaug Green sponsored a vibrant farmer's market with organic produce from Hidden Brook Gardens, bread from Vesta Bakery, organic tomatoes from Hillandale Farm, cheese from Narragansett Creamery, honey, alpaca knitting yarn from May-Ger Farm, and fresh flowers from Pleasant View Acres. Also present were representatives from the Salt Ponds Coalition, Save the Bay, and the Weekapaug Foundation for Conservation. Weekapaug Green has ambitious plans for next year and welcomes participation. Please email Julia Bradford at firstname.lastname@example.com and she will be in touch and let you know how you can help keep Weekapaug Green. Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 What's the best time to visit southern Vermont? A real Vermonter would pause, look into space and answer definitively, "Well, that depends". And of course it does. But for me, the weeks just ahead of us are the best. There is something in the air. It sparkles. The sun angle hints of fall, it's light, more yellow. A few leaves turn scarlet. There's more to come. Even the birds sense a change. Their family groups cluster on the feeder, a major refueling stop before the many hours ahead. So, what do you Vermonters do? "Well, that depends." For starters there's a lot to say for just relaxing at the Old Tavern located in the center of the village. The rocking chairs on the long porch are the perfect spot to settle in with your newspaper or just watch the passing scene. If Exercise is your thing, a very modest walk will take you to the village market purveyors of homemade baked goods and the best coffee in town. Longer more vigorous hikes abound using the trails at Grafton Ponds Recreation Center or those in the village park. Along the way, don't miss the exhibits at the Historical Society and the Nature Museum or the art galleries and antique shops. But more than shops and exhibits don't miss getting the feeling of where you are- a village that thrived in the late 1700's early 1800's when virtually all of the building in the town center was accomplished. Today it's the much loved home for some 600 townsfolk as well as a much loved destination for literally thousands who come from near and afar for a taste of village life. For further information you may visit the Grafton website-Graftonvermont.org or call 802-843-1440. The Old Tavern may be reached at Oldtavern.com or 800-843-1801. ROBERT HALL Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com Answers to these puzzles are on the last page. Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com A Brief History of the Watch Hill 15 Herreshoff In 1922 the Watch Hill Yacht Club was charged with finding a suitable one-design yacht for racing on Little Narragansett Bay and Long Island Sound. The Club approached the "Wizard of Bristol," Nathaniel Herreshoff, the renowned marine architect from the Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. in Bristol, R.I., to design and build a fleet of Yachts for the Club. In the spring of 1923, eleven Hereshoff 15s were delivered to the club. The design of the beautiful, sleek twenty-five foot yachts was based on the original Buzzards Bay 15 sloop which was built from the hull plans and forms of 1898. The primary difference between the two designs was that the Watch Hill boats were marconi-rigged and the Buzzard Bay 15s were gaffed-rigged. Four of the original yachts that have been restored over the years are still sailing and racing in Watch Hill. Two of the yachts were severely damaged in the 1938 hurricane, but one side of each damaged boat was salvaged and used to reconstruct a single restored yacht. Three of the original yachts are presently inactive, but hopefully will be restored as well. The first wooden boat built in the yacht club in 1923 named "Firefly" is on display at the Hereshoff museum in Bristol, RI. This boat was utilized to construct a mold in order to build a new fiberglass Watch Hill 15. The construction of 25 of these yachts was begun in 1969 by Frank Hall Boat Yard in Avondale. These boats are still sailed and raced in Watch Hill. The fiberglass yachts have a more modern rig then the wooden boats with a taller mast and a shorter beam. It is truly remarkable that after 85 years these classic 25 foot yachts are still sailing and racing at Watch Hill and continue to be, along with the Ocean House, a significant thread in the fabric of the life of the Watch Hill community. ROBERT PROSSER "The most fun one can have with their clothes on," says one avid Watch Hill 15 captain. Diva, Nuance, and Whisper joined the WH 15 FUN this summer, owned by Noni and Duff Price (Shelter Harbor), Keith and Karen La Rose( Watch Hill) and JB Doherty (Weekapaug) respectfully. The Watch Hill 15's, previously the Hereshoff 15s before the club updated them to fiberglass, bring people together from all the local communities. The fleet starts racing in mid- May and goes through Columbus Day, with an average of 15 boats racing on any given Saturday and ten on Wednesday evenings. The Holidays bring special races. The fourth of July race, held annually in honor of Darren Chew, was won by Fran Jenkins in Bullwinkle. Darren's sister Tamara was in attendance in honor of the passing of their mother Pat Chew. Bruce Avery in Bahama Gal, won the Fuller One Design special race this summer and Pete Evans in Windward won the Horton one Design race. Bruce Avery, George Nichols, and Scott Brooks represented the Watch Hill Yacht Club in the Parsons Cup race held at the Wad Club this year. Fishers Island YC, and Wadawanuck Yacht Club and the WHYC compete annually in the Parsons Cup. Thunderstorms brought 35 knot winds making the Fleet Development Day a bit more exciting then anticipated. Patton Kline in Perengrine, Keith LaRose in Nuance, JB Doherty in Whisper, Dick Holliday in Hussy, and Scott Scheider in Hi Toots sailed the wild seas enticing new skippers and crews to join in on the FUN races Wednesday nights and Saturdays. Anyone interested in learning more about the fleet can give Scott Brooks, the fleet captain, or Jason Gefael, assistant fleet captain a call or email (email@example.com). They promise to plan a beautiful, sunny, breezy development day next year! Thank you Scott! Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com "Stormy Weather" by Robin Knisley 1st Edition Paintings by Diane Wyeth Tyler. Available at Bay Breeze Interiors, 25 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI. Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com Call us for more information on these listings or any others in the area. WATCH HILL HOMES FOR SALE 15 Ocean View Hwy 9 Noonatch Road 225 Watch Hill Road 194 Watch Hill Road Land in Watch Hill Woods reduced to $589,000 WEEKAPAUG 30 Williams Avenue AVONDALE AND VICINITY 18 Meadow Avenue 15 Morris Road Winnapaug Cottages 55+ Maintenance Free Living Homes from the low $600,000's 41 Avondale Road 5 Ice Pond Road Cottages and Guest Suites Available Let us help you find the right unit. The Ocean House Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 The Weekapaug Inn Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com Coleman Realtors, 27 Bay Street, Watch Hill, RI 02891 Phone: (401) 596-2390 email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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How To Travel For Free
The following is a contribution from Jason at The Card Journalist. If you're interested in contributing to Frugal Rules, please see our guidelines and contact us.
How do you turn a financial bloggers convention into a travel hacking seminar? Speak to a bunch of bloggers for five minutes on the subject of "How to travel for free." That's what I did recently in front of 150 personal finance bloggers at FinCon in St. Louis, and afterwards, I was besieged by my colleagues who wanted to get in on the deal.
My fellow bloggers were impressed that I covered almost all of the expenses for my trip to St. Louis using credit card rewards, and that was just the tip of the iceberg. By the end of 2013, I will have used points and miles to take about a dozen trips around the country and across the world, many with my family of four, and all of the overseas trips in business or first class. The retail value of these rewards will approach $100,000, yet the cost to me and my family was only pennies on the dollar.
How do I Travel for Free?
There are many tricks that I use to earn, and spend, points and miles towards award travel, but here are my favorite:
1. Credit card sign up bonuses. This is the real low hanging fruit of the points and miles world. Card issuers are so eager to acquire new customers, that they will offer you tens of thousands of points and miles, just for the opportunity to earn your business. Importantly, signing up for a new credit card will increase your credit history and reduce your debt to credit ratio, which will help, not hurt your credit score. One of the best cards currently for this is the Barclaycard Arrival World Mastercard, or if you're looking for somewhere specific, like Hawaii, then the Hawaiian Airlines credit card allows you to earn at least one free coach ticket for spending $1,000 within the first 90 days after opening the card.
For example, I signed up for both the business and personal versions of the Southwest Airlines credit card, which helped me to earn their companion pass, which is the best deal for domestic travel. I used those points to pay for the airfare to the FinCon convention, and used the Companion Pass benefit to bring a friend of mine along for free (other than $5 in taxes). Editor's note: I can vouch for this card as Mrs. Frugal Rules and I did the same thing to fund flights we'll be taking in January.
2. Promotions. Airlines, banks, hotels, and other companies often give away thousands of frequent flier miles, just for making a token purchase. It is up to you to browse their web sites and register for these offers.
3. Buying miles. If you don't have the time to look for the best promotions, sometimes you can simply buy airline miles. While it is usually too expensive to do this, airlines will sometimes offer their miles at a discount. For instance, US Airways frequently sells miles at such low rates, that you could book an award ticket in business class for less than the price of a coach seat.
4. Credit card reward bonuses for spending. Of course, you can earn miles from an airline credit card, but the way to really earn a lot of free travel is through spending bonuses. For example, you can earn 5x Chase Ultimate Rewards points per dollar when you use a Chase Ink card at office supply stores or for telephone, television, or Internet service purchases. You can also get the same thing with the Discover it® card which offers rotating quarterly bonuses of 5x points.
5. Spend your points wisely. This may be the most important factor in my free travel. There are lots of ways to redeem points for one cent each towards travel reservations, but the real value comes when you find luxury hotels or business class international flights where your points and miles are worth 4-8 cents each. In fact, if you are earning 5 points per dollar on some purchases, and you receive another 5 cents per point in value, it is like getting a 25% return on those purchases!
Finally, it is important to understand that earning miles with your credit card is only for those who pay their balances in full and on time, every month. Those who are carrying a balance on their credit cards should avoid reward cards and focus on other mileage promotions while paying off their debt. But by using every available technique for earning points and miles, and a sound strategy for redeeming rewards, you too can stop paying high prices for travel, and start seeing the world for free.
Do you like to churn credit cards? Have you been able to travel for free?
Jason Steele is a full time freelance blogger who is an expert on credit cards and reward travel. He writes for The Card Journalist and several other leading personal finance sites about everything from explaining Chase Blueprint to the best credit cards sign-up bonuses.
Photo courtesy of: Poorna Kedar
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The following guide to museum shows currently on view is compiled from Artforum's three-times-yearly exhibition preview. Subscribe now to begin a year of Artforum—the world's leading magazine of contemporary art. You'll get all three big preview issues, featuring Artforum's comprehensive advance roundups of the shows to see each season around the globe.
The past few years have seen the Gutai group catapult to the forefront of the ever-expanding history of postwar art. But the specificities of its members' respective practices remain undetermined, a situation this two-person exhibition, co-organized with the Japan Foundation, Tokyo, seeks to remedy in part. For both Shiraga and Motonaga, the element of chance was central. Best known for painting exuberantly with his feet, Shiraga regarded abstraction as a form of live theater. Motonaga poured vividly hued paints, which pooled or ran in currents across his canvases, thus capturing the unpredictability of fluids left to their own devices. Including nearly sixty paintings, drawings, photographs, films, sculptures, archival materials, and re-creations of installations that cover the full extent of the artists' careers from the 1950s to the 2000s, the exhibition and accompanying catalogue seek to illuminate how both artists so gleefully crossed the boundaries of painting, performance, and documentationall in the name of abstraction.
Every band I have ever known has had at least one artist in its entourage; somebody has to make the posters and the album covers. For Devo, an absurdist punk-rock band formed in 1972 whose members were influenced by the aesthetics of Russian Futurism, just about everyone in the group was an artistincluding Mark Mothersbaugh. The artist's first retrospective shows uswith works dating from the 1960s to the present, including photocollages, kinetic musical sculptures, 30,000 underground-comics-style works on paper, and even a double-ended carthat Mothersbaugh is not only a great film composer (note his collaborations with Wes Anderson) but a polymath artist. A publication with contributions by Lerner, Anderson, and Shepard Fairey, among others, will further explore the artist's life and his oeuvre, which ranges from mail art to the music of Pee-wee's Playhouse. Travels to the Minneapolis Institute of Arts, June 21–Aug. 30, 2015; Cincinnati Art Museum and Contemporary Arts Center, Oct. 7, 2015–Jan. 5, 2016.
A good survey exhibition is both thoughtful in its assessment of an artist's contribution and timed to a moment in which the public is primed to consider it. "Barbara Kasten: Stages" promises to be both, as Kasten's measured engagement with photographic, sculptural, and architectural ideas since the 1970s is an undeniable precedent and prompt for contemporary postdisciplinary art practices. Tracking the artist's remarkable trajectory through Bauhausian pedagogy and fiber art in the '60s, the California Light and Space movement in the '70s, and postmodernism in the '80s, and culminating with her stellar recent photographs and a site-specific video work, this exhibition animates and provides access to a protean four-decade-long practice. In the accompanying catalogue, the long-underrecognized artist remarks in conversation with artist Liz Deschenesone of a generation of younger artists influenced by Kasten's workthat she feels as if she has finally found her peers. A new round of conversations and exchanges is about to begin.
Midcentury modernism might not be timeless, but it's certainly current. Photo spreads of the open-plan offices of today's media companies suggest that nothing says thriving start-up quite like molded-plastic Eames chairs. In the mostly recent sculpture, photography, and video works by the twenty artists in "MetaModern," the iconic qualities of such high-design objects are highlighted and claims to functionality abandoned. Modes of homage range from William Cordova's Brancusi-like column of lampshades to Conrad Bakker's painted copies of photos from modernist furniture eBay listings to Barbara Visser's postcards of tattered design classics displayed on rotating racks. But the stars of the show are Charles and Ray Eames, making multiple appearances by way of citation in these twenty-first-century riffs on modernist landmarks. Travels to the Scottsdale Museum of Contemporary Art, AZ, May 30–Aug. 30; Orlando Museum of Art, Sept. 26–Dec. 6; and other venues.
The Guggenheim and the New Museum in New York have both recently examined the art of the 1990s, and "Come as You Are" promises to be a worthwhile expansion of the discussion. Attempting an overview of art production between the fall of the Berlin Wall and 9/11including some sixty works (paintings, sculptures, prints, videos, and digital art) by forty-five artists ranging from Elizabeth Peyton to Julie Mehretu, Rirkrit Tiravanija to Felix Gonzalez-Torresthe Montclair Art Museum survey will cover all the '90s basics, such as globalization, digital culture, and contemporary art's ongoing (and inevitable, necessary) engagement with popular culture. "Come as You Are" is, after all, the title of one of Nirvana's most famous songs. The comprehensive catalogue includes essays by Huey Copeland, Joan Kee, and others. Travels to the Telfair Museums, Savannah, GA, June 12–Sept. 20; University of Michigan Museum of Art, Ann Arbor, Oct. 17, 2015–Jan. 31, 2016; Blanton Museum of Art, University of Texas at Austin, Feb. 16–May 15, 2016.