text:
VIEWS: 1 PAGES: 29 CATEGORY: Chemistry POSTED ON: 4/15/2012
This application is U.S. National Phase of International Application PCT/AU2004/001675, filed Nov. 26, 2004 designating the U.S., and published in English as WO 2005/052159 on Jun. 9, 2005,which claims priority to Australian Patent No. 2003906613, filed Nov. 28, 2003, both of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference in their entireties.TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a homologue of human interleukin 10 (IL-10) expressed during latent phase of infection by a virus of the herpesvirideae group. The present invention also relates to uses of this polypeptide, in particular fordiagnosing disease states and screening for modulator and inhibitor compounds of such polypeptides and in turn the virus itself, screening for infection in vertebrates and biological tissue, cleansing of infected biological tissues, and in the treatmentand/or prophylaxis and/or diagnosis of disease caused by a virus of the herpesvirideae group.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus of the herpesvirideae group and a species-specific .beta.-herpesvirus that causes severe disease in neonates and in immunosuppressed individuals such as allograft transplant recipients and those with AIDS. In common with all herpesviruses, the life cycle of CMV is characterized by productive, latent and reactivation phases. During productive infection, viral genes are expressed in a temporarily regulated cascade resulting in the synthesis of new,infectious virus. At some point after initial infection, the virus establishes a life-long latent infection in myeloid lineage cells during which time viral gene expression is restricted and infectious virus is not produced. Periodically, virus canreactivate from latency, a process that results in the generation of infectious virus and which is the major cause of serious CMV associated diseases common in recipients of solid organ and bone marrow allografts. Other members of the herpesviridaegroup are also able to r


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Review: taking Flomax and Probiotic together
Summary: drug interactions are reported among people who take Flomax and Probiotic together.
This review analyzes the effectiveness and drug interactions between Flomax and Probiotic. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 13 people who take the same drugs from FDA and social media, and is updated regularly.
You are not alone: join a mobile support group for people who take Flomax and Probiotic >>>
Flomax has active ingredients of tamsulosin hydrochloride. It is often used in enlarged prostate. (latest outcomes from 21,471 Flomax users) Probiotic has active ingredients of bacillus coagulans. It is often used in irritable bowel syndrome. (latest outcomes from 730 Probiotic users)What are the drugs
On Mar, 1, 2015: 13 people who take Flomax, Probiotic are studied
Drug combinations in study:
- Flomax (tamsulosin hydrochloride)
- Probiotic (bacillus coagulans)
Drug effectiveness over time :
< 1 month | 1 - 6 months | 6 - 12 months | 1 - 2 years | 2 - 5 years | 5 - 10 years | 10+ years | not specified | |
Flomax is effective | n/a | n/a | 0.00% (0 of 1 people) | n/a | 0.00% (0 of 1 people) | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Probiotic is effective | 0.00% (0 of 1 people) | n/a | n/a | n/a | 100.00% (1 of 1 people) | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Drug effectiveness by gender :
Female | Male | |
Flomax is effective | n/a | 0.00% (0 of 2 people) |
Probiotic is effective | n/a | 50.00% (1 of 2 people) |
Drug effectiveness by age :
0-1 | 2-9 | 10-19 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ | |
Flomax is effective | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.00% (0 of 2 people) |
Probiotic is effective | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 50.00% (1 of 2 people) |
Most common drug interactions over time * :
< 1 month | 1 - 6 months | 6 - 12 months | 1 - 2 years | 2 - 5 years | 5 - 10 years | 10+ years | not specified |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | Dyspnoea |
Convulsion | |||||||
Drug Ineffective | |||||||
Memory Impairment | |||||||
Ill-defined Disorder | |||||||
Atrial Fibrillation | |||||||
Pyrexia | |||||||
Hypoglycaemia | |||||||
Abdominal Discomfort | |||||||
Disorientation |
Most common drug interactions by gender * :
Female | Male |
Memory Impairment | Dyspnoea |
Speech Disorder | Ill-defined Disorder |
Hypoglycaemia | Atrial Fibrillation |
Drug Ineffective | Pyrexia |
Convulsion | Visual Impairment |
Disorientation | Dehydration |
Multiple Sclerosis Relapse | Nausea |
Blood Glucose Fluctuation | Abdominal Discomfort |
Inappropriate Affect | Rhinorrhoea |
Euphoric Mood | Renal Failure Acute |
Most common drug interactions by age * :
0-1 | 2-9 | 10-19 | 20-29 | 30-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | 60+ |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | Memory Impairment | Pyrexia |
Drug Ineffective | Atrial Fibrillation | ||||||
Speech Disorder | Dyspnoea | ||||||
Blood Glucose Fluctuation | Visual Impairment | ||||||
Hypoglycaemia | Ill-defined Disorder | ||||||
Disorientation | Abdominal Discomfort | ||||||
Multiple Sclerosis Relapse | Renal Failure Acute | ||||||
Convulsion | Rhinorrhoea | ||||||
Spermatozoa Abnormal | Nausea | ||||||
Micturition Disorder | Dehydration |
* Some reports may have incomplete information.
How to use the study: print a copy of the study and bring it to your health teams to ensure drug risks and benefits are fully discussed and understood.
Do you take Flomax and Probiotic?
- Personalize this study to your gender and age
- Write a review: share your experience of taking Flomax and Probiotic
- Ask a question: ask patients like you a question
- Subscribe the study: get notified of updates
- Post a comment: or see what other people said about the study
You are not alone! Join a related mobile support group:
- support group for people who take Flomax and Probiotic
- support group for people who take Flomax
- support group for people who take Probiotic
Can you answer these questions (Ask a question):
- How long can you take flomax
how long of a period can you take flomax, and do you need blood work often. - Feeding tube complications flomax
Has anyone on feeding tube taken Flomax. Any complication with tube feeding? - I have had two surgerys to remove cancer in my bladder and am on warfarin for my afib. my bladder cannot seem to heal. i have blood in my urine and intermitent burning at the end of my penis. will the (3 answers)
I have had two surgeries in the last 14 months to remove cancer from my bladder. Diagnosed with afib 16 months ago. Bladder is not healing due to the blood thinners, but I must keep my INR above 2.0. Every time I take the warfarin, I have more blood in my urine. - Alprazolam & amoxicillin
Have Diverticulitis from having Diverticulosis. Have had high blood pressure for
about 4 years and it is controlled with the Norvasc & Clonidine. Enlarged prostate is controlled with Flomax & Avodart. Meclizine is for vertigo, take 2 25mg per day, 1 Am & 1 PM. Take 1 Norvasc AM & 1 Flomax PM. - Burning sensation aft urinate in morning
taking flomax last one year suddenly getting burning sensation in my penus aft i go to P and remaing burning for 5 to 10 minutes did all the urine test and all are are negative so i dont know what is cause.my urology did even cystoscopy and he id not find anything my P S A is 2.45 normal. my dr. says i do have little prostate enlarge i have to go bath room more then 12 times in 24 hours , just to know it is side effect of flow max or what else?
More questions for: Flomax, Probiotic
You may be interested at these reviews (Write a review):
- Nightmares from miralax
Used for an endoscopy prep, great for what it does but gave me horrid and vivid nightmares - Psoriasis and flomax
I have been on Flomax for 4 years now and have been having a sore ulcerated mouth for about 3 years off and on. About six months ago I developed psoriasis on my scalp and have been using different medications described by my doctor.
Then three months ago I got a patch on my leg. I started looking at medicines side effect. I found out on the internet last week that Flomax might be the culpert.
It has been one week since I stopped taking it and today my leg psoriasis is starting to fade away. Has not itched all day today. TYJ!
The patch on my scalp is doing the same. The scalp thickness has improved tremendously. I just hope I don't start having trouble with my BPH again, so for so good. - Weight loss associated with flomax within the last 10 years.
I have been taking flomax for approx. 10 yrs.I was then & still is very active
I exercise for one HR.every morning (5 days a week)walk for 2 miles every day,
ride my bike occasionlly,I am now 82 yrs.old.My problem is "weight loss".
I'm 5'9" tall,I weighed 175 lbs.when I first started to take Flomax,within 3
months,I was down to 160 lbs.(I had 0 fat on my body)I am now down to 140 lbs.
my family & friends can't believe the weight loss.I feel good,strong,but I don't look good,I'm too skinny.Flomax as been very effective for me.
Is flomax the reason for my weight loss?
John Robitaille. - Chills associated with ibuprophen (1 response)
I generally respond well to medication. I am a senior who has chronic pain from a c1-c2 fusion. Codeine works well, and I don't use a lot. Still, I sought alternatives to opiates for nerve pain. I lice in a colder climate. It took me quite a while to associate susceptibility to becoming chilled with Ibuprophen. I thought it was age and/or the weather. Perhaps these are factors; but it happens every time I use Ibuprophen. I share this hoping it can help others.
More reviews for: Flomax, Probiotic
Comments from related studies:
From this study (2 years ago):
The section 2. Drugs, vitamins, supplements - It wouldn't let me add more.
Along with the listed items above, cucurmin to help PD tremer, multi-vitamins have been also taken.
If you're already having an excruciating pain in the neck, shoulder & chest (9/10), isn't it a Bad idea to take Tylenol? Isn't it really bad especially if you are having Aortic Dissection???
Thank you in advance for your time and guidance.
Complete drug side effects:
Flomax side effects reported by 20,454 people (updated 21 hours ago)
Probiotic side effects reported by 659 people (updated 1 week ago)
Flomax side effects reported by 20,454 people (updated 21 hours ago)
Probiotic side effects reported by 659 people (updated 1 week ago)
On eHealthMe, Flomax (tamsulosin hydrochloride) is often used to treat enlarged prostate. Probiotic (bacillus coagulans) is often used to treat irritable bowel syndrome. Find out below the conditions the drugs are used for, how effective they are, and any alternative drugs that you can use to treat those same conditions.
What is the drug used for and how effective is it:
Other drugs that are used to treat the same conditions:
NOTE: The study is based on active ingredients. Other drugs that have the same active ingredients are also considered.
WARNING: Please DO NOT STOP MEDICATIONS without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your health.
DISCLAIMER: All material available on eHealthMe.com is for informational purposes only, and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment provided by a qualified healthcare provider. All information is observation-only, and has not been supported by scientific studies or clinical trials unless otherwise stated. Different individuals may respond to medication in different ways. Every effort has been made to ensure that all information is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. The use of the eHealthMe site and its content is at your own risk.
You may report adverse side effects to the FDA at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/ or 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088).
If you use this eHealthMe study on publication, please acknowledge it with a citation: study title, URL, accessed date.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
ELVIS That's The Way It Was - with Pete Storm
Blast Off
Coal Chamber plus Soil and American Headcharge
InMe - Trilogy Tour 2015
Adam Ant - Performing Dirk Wears White Sox plus classics
Young Guns
Chikara Pro Wrestling
The Civic and Wulfrun Halls boast some of the richest venue histories in the UK, and this section of the site is here to celebrate that fact.
Feel free to browse the archive or even add to it. We want to read your views on the gigs, see the pictures and hear about your best and worst memories of the venues!
The only problem is, we don't have accurate records that pre-date 1988, so please tell us if you know of a concert/event that isn't listed.


text:
For status updates, visit lucyburns.org.
Endorsements of Arizona ballot measures, 2010
From Ballotpedia
Revision as of 12:56, 21 August 2012 by Bailey Ludlam (Talk | contribs)
- Proposition 22 an insufficient bulwark against Brown's plan to end state's redevelopment agencies
- Washington marijuana supporters submit thousands of petition signatures
- Ballot Law Update: 2011 Year in Review
- The Tuesday Count: A rush of developments occur in 2011's last breaths
- The Tuesday Count: Lawsuit knocks measure from ballot for the time being
- Missouri's Robin Carnahan asked to refrain from writing proposed renewable energy initiative language (Updated)
- The process of placing a Kansas measure on the ballot
- With 2012 coming, Idaho initiative supporters must meet May deadline
- Ruling on abortion initiative in Nevada near
- Oregon gillnet fishing initiative returns to the state attorney general for ballot language changes
May 18
Newspaper or blog | Prop. 100 |
The Arizona Republic | |
The Arizona Daily Sun | |
The East Valley Tribune | |
The Wilcox Range News | |
The Arizona Daily Star | |
Statepress.com | |
The Yuma Sun |
November 2
How to add an endorsement
- Ballotpedia:Endorsing a ballot measure
- Or, if you've written a piece expressing an opinion on Arizona issues, email that link to: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
xXx: State of the Union (2005)
Critics Consensus: Even more absurd and implausible than the first XXX movie, State of the Union is less inspired and technically competent than its predecessor.
Critics Consensus: Even more absurd and implausible than the first XXX movie, State of the Union is less inspired and technically competent than its predecessor.
Movie Info
A new renegade fighter rises to defend the United States from an internal threat in this action thriller. Augustus Gibbons (Samuel L. Jackson) of the National Security Agency has successfully dealt with a number of threats to America's safety, but he faces a whole new challenge when he discovers a potent terrorist cell that has ties to the upper levels of the American military. Gibbons learns that George Deckert (Willem Dafoe), the secretary of defense, has been training a secret military … More
- Rating:
- R (for sequences of intense action violence and some language)
- Genre:
- Action & Adventure
- Directed By:
- Lee Tamahori
- Written By:
- Simon Kinberg , Rich Wilkes
- In Theaters:
- Apr 29, 2005 Wide
- On DVD:
- Jul 26, 2005
- Box Office:
- Runtime:
as XXX/Darius Stone
as Agent Augustus Gibbo...
as Gen. George Octavius...
as Agent Kyle Steele
as President James Sanf...
as Zeke
as Toby Lee Shavers
as Charlie
as Lola Jackson
as Lt. Alabama `Bama' C...
as Agent Meadows
as Bull
as Conductor
as Agent
Related News & Features
XXX3 to Revive Vin Diesel
– Rotten Tomatoes -
Box Office Guru Preview: Captain Jack and Captain Morgan Set Sail
– Rotten Tomatoes
xXx: State of the Union Videos
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LoginCritic Reviews for xXx: State of the Union
All Critics (143) | Top Critics (39) | Fresh (22) | Rotten (113) | DVD (24)
In light of the cinematic abomination that is "XXX: State Of The Union," Vin Diesel made the right choice by refusing to do another "xXx" movie unless Rob Cohen continued to direct the franchise.
Youngsters and action junkies won't mind the film's ridiculous gadgets, secret tunnels and hairsbreadth escapes, but everyone else will have to check credibility at the door.
Well, they sure blowed 'em up good in XXX: State of the Union. And they pimped many rides. XXX is a car nut's fantasy.
full review in Greek
A big, dumb action film that exceeds low expectations.
There's not a single scene in this film that doesn't provide at least one unintentional guffaw.
Delivers the no-thinking-required, over-the-top goods, with some surprising digs at the original film providing the icing on this tasty bit of cinematic junk food.
The only similarity that Cube and Diesel share is that they both appear to have ditched their birth names and pulled their new ones out of a hat.
You are supposed to walk away entertained, and I did.
At� mesmo Vin Diesel, astro do pavoroso Opera��o Bab�, percebeu que este projeto era ruim. Preciso dizer mais?
Viewed on its own trashy terms, it succeeds brilliantly.
XXX: State Of The Union is an action movie for liberals, and as far as empowerment fantasies go, it's a hoot.
...remains nothing more than a nonsensical and noisy diversion that wallows in its glossed-over big-budgeted B-movie banality.
Ice Cube makes an appealing lead and no-one ever mentions that he might be a little on the tubby side to really cut it as an action hero.
...an unimaginative, derivative, and ultimately dull riff on the Bond series.
Not only is Cube AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted, he also our fattest (note: not "phatest") action hero. They should have named his character XXXL.
The result is so infantile it might as well be based on the doodles of 8-year-old schoolboys.
Aims low and hits the bull's-eye with enough firepower to sink the Bismarck.
XXX: State of the Union falls flat because Lee Tamahori directs the action scenes with the grace of a bull in a china shop.
Audience Reviews for xXx: State of the Union
An entertaining movie that doesnt have a lot going on but you can appreciate the action sequences not as good as the first but entertaining enough!
MoreSuper Reviewer
Not a bad film really, just run of the mill action flick that wouldn't look outta place from the 80's. A nice opening sequence that looks pretty smart and hi-tech, usual stuff packs the middle and it finishes on a VERY poor cgi looking finale.
A black man's 'James Bond' basically, but 'XXX/Bond' is a little chubby and porky in this sequel hehe not sure casting was correct with Ice Cube or whatever he calls himself.
Super Reviewer
Hmmm...Who should be the next xXx, a secret agent devoting his life to loyalty and honor with more skills than a Navy SEAL, Spetsnaz soldier, and KSK soldier combined. Oh I know! Let's get a gangster we found of the streets with no loyalty, no self control and no acting ability! Our enemies are screwed now!
So, what is the best thing about the movie? It's xXx. As bad as it is, it's still xXx. That means I can handle watching it...For about 20 min.(The movie is an hour forty minutes)
As for the bad, there is a lot of it. Ice Cube makes Shaq look like a good actor. I'll admit he's a good rapper but just because you can make a few decent songs doesn't mean you can act worth crap. He has pretty much no personality, apart from the occasional explosion.
But they couldn;t just take one crappy actor/rapper! No they had to take another one, in the form of Xzibit. Contrary to Ice Cube being a great rapper and a bad actor Xzibit happens to be a bad actor AND a bad rapper! 2 for the price of 1!
The whole premise of the movie is down right uncreative and ridiculous. The villain has murdered more people than our last war, but he NEVER get's caught for it? And why didn't Willem Defoe just kill Gibbons?! Then nothing would have stood in his way! And why is Ice Cube put under so little securaty. Do they REALIZE this is xXx?
But the worst part about it? They KILLED of the first xXx! You;re telling me Ice Cube has a better chance of surviving a maniacal dictator than Vin Diesel. No. Just No.
Ice Cube needs to learn to leave acting to actors. Not rappers, not athletes, actors.
Super Reviewer
xXx: State of the Union Quotes
- Augustus Gibbons:
- I told you we should've killed that bitch.
Discussion Forum
Discuss xXx: State of the Union on our Movie forum!


text: Topics Drug Interdiction / Narcotics Email Comment 5 LAPD officers hospitalized after drug lab discovery Copy and paste the code below to embed this video. Close Residents were evacuated from about two dozen apartments Sunday. Tags Officer Safety Investigations Officer Survival Join the discussion Be the first to comment PoliceOne comments can only be accessed by verified law enforcement professionals. Please sign in or register to view or write your own comments below. Sign In Register


text:
Go to The French Quarter Cafe at 7:00 and spend half an hour rockin' out with BB (and having a beer with me).
BTW, the show will be broadcast live on their web site, should you feel like being a hermit this evening...
Thursday, February 24, 2005
2 comments:
- mike said...
This family man from Murfreesboro will have to pass on an evening at the French Quarter Cafe. Luckily, the internet came along with live club broadcasts just in time for guys like me. In my twenties, I was hearing live music in clubs most nights a week. Now, I've seen more webcast concerts than anything else. Oh well, the beer's cheaper this way.
Have fun and rock on!
Mike in Murfreesboro - 2/24/2005 7:17 PM
- Linda said...
Jeanne did rock. And she reminded us once again to quit our bitchin'.
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text:
Umpires honored at 2015 UIC Clinic
Feb. 07, 2015
The 24th Biennial UIC Clinic came to an end as over 50 umpires were honored for years of service and excellence in the field.
Tyler Bouley named Junior Male Athlete of the Year
Feb. 04, 2015
The Minnesota native hit .421 for the summer with 11 RBI.
Super Fan tickets now available
Feb. 03, 2015
The World Cup of Softball returns to Irvine, Calif. this June and July!
Oklahoma City welcomes attendees of the 2015 National Biennial UIC Clinic
Feb. 03, 2015
Over four-hundred umpires will attend clinic to improve their skills, abilities, and knowledge
See who earned 2500 from Liberty Mutual Insurance Play Positive
Feb. 02, 2015
Liberty Mutual Insurance Play Positive™ is excited to announce the 10 winners of the Winter Pledge season who each earned $2,500 by encouraging their supporters to take the Pledge to Promote Good Sportsmanship.
Moultrie named 2014 Female Athlete of the Year
Jan. 30, 2015
The Team USA veteran compiled a .378 batting average for the 2014 season!
Top 50 Watch List for USA Softball Collegiate POY
Jan. 28, 2015
See the 50 student-athletes named to the 2015 USA Softball Collegiate Player of the Year Top 50 Watch List!
Florida starts the 2015 season at No 1
Jan. 27, 2015
Received 15 of 20 first place votes in the ESPN.com/USA Softball Collegiate Top 25 Preseason Poll!
Nik Mead appointed Commissioner for Colorado ASA/USA
Jan. 27, 2015
Will assume his responsibility immediately
Tools to Overcome Game Time Stress
Jan. 26, 2015
No one can predict exactly how a game will play out, but you can arm your athlete with techniques to overcome pressure from the competition


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SD senators could increase hunting-trespass penalty
PIERRE -- Hunters found guilty of trespassing would lose their privileges for two years and the crime would be more specifically defined, under a legislative compromise reached between sportsmen and landowner groups.
The current penalty is one year. State senators are scheduled to consider the changes Tuesday.
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We want to ensure that making a return is as easy and hassle-free as possible! If for any reason you decide that your purchase just isn't for you, simply return the item within 30 days of receipt and we'll cover the return shipping when you choose our FREE Pre-Paid Return Shipping Label. Learn more about our return policy.
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Bucklite Max - Lg B&c Org Clam Bucklite Max - Large, B&c Safety Orange Series Clam


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After being rejected, the PlushBalls decided to take revenge: they locked up the princess in her castle and killed all PlushBears.
But they were brought back as ZomBears to save the princess and destroy the PlushBalls. Will you let them succeed?
Help defend the castle, shooting down the gruesome yet fluffy ZomBears. Define your defense strategy using specially designed traps and ammo.
In Plush Wars you will enjoy:
– 5 challenging worlds, full of nasty ZomBears
– different kinds of cannons to wipe them out of the map
– installing traps to keep them from coming
– choosing your ammo
– destroying the vicious ZomBosses
– daily bonus! play the game every day to earn extra coins
– completing all the tricky achievements
– and much more!
Suport for retina display with amazing graphics!


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David dIcke Debunked in 19 Seconds
Poster Handle
Anonymous Coward
Post Content
Anonymous Coward 23082377
If you don't agree with him, don't read his books.
Your obsession is bordering on disturbing.
Anonymous Coward 27720223
I'm asking questioning and trying to get answers but I'm not getting many answers. It's frustrating to me too.
Icke fans make all kinds of claims but you try to get them to explain themselves and they hardly ever do.
If you're an Icke fan aren't you supposed to support everyone expressing their uniqueness no matter how much others (including you) dislike it?
Anonymous Coward 23082377
Well, no. You aren't trying to get answers.
Your mind is made up. And that's ok.
If you want answers to things in life, you have to do your own searching. People are not going to spoon feed you.
It's up to you.
Anonymous Coward 27720223
What are you talking about, this is spoon feeding me???
This is hard work. I'm trying to get answers about where Icke's followers stand on his theories, claims, and contradictions, etc.
I just got a huge answer. A David "Icke" fan actually admitted that the view of reality that goes with the moon matrix theory is considered to be vaild (see below).
This stuff would be considered bizarre in an insane asylum and now I now know that Icke fans actually, actually support it as valid and credible.
I've found lots of answers in this thread and I find them disturbing beyond belief! It's all much worse than I thought!
Once again:
"Since my little bundle with David dIcke and of course him owning himself so spectacularly by claiming that
the moon is a giant spacecraft inhabited by aliens controlling us with mind rays
, I've had PMs from people, two lots of PMs. One is, "Thank you for waking me up I didn't actually realize what I was doing, I just got caught in this stuff."....
Do this: go and start telling your friends and all your families and your workmates and everyone that you meet,
start telling them that you believe what David dIcke has said. You believe that the moon is a giant spaceship full of aliens controlling us with mind rays
You discover that your wife has been having an affair behind your back and you say to her, "Why did you do it?" And she says,
"I'm sorry baby but the aliens in the moon with the mind rays, they made me do it. It's not my fault." Are you gonna believe her? Are you?
I don't think you are, are you? But, you see, this is the problem. If you're prepared to accept that the moon is a giant spaceship full of aliens controlling you with mind rays then you're gonna have to accept that your wife or your girlfriend or your husband or whoever one day can turn around and say that to you..."
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Eleventh Hour Drama For Net Neutrality
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This hotel was lovely! Fiesole was a lovely place to be based whilst visiting Florence. It was nice to be in the clean air out of the city. The staff are helpful and very friendly! The rooms are spacious and clean and breakfast delicious and whilst some might find it basic, it was plentiful and fresh! Great coffee. My only... More
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- Also Known As:
- Hotel Dei Bosconi
- Dei Bosconi Hotel
- Villa Dei Bosconi Fiesole, Province Of Florence, Italy


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The rooms, ambiance and staff do not stand up to the name and reputation of the hotel! the staff can be more helpful and the upkeep can be better! overall not very happy with the decision to stay at the hotel!
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5 Odd College Bowl Game Sponsors
Beef O'Brady's Bowl
Dec. 21
Sponsor: Beef O'Brady's
Location: St. Petersburg, Fla.
Matchup: East Carolina vs. Ohio
Payout: $537,500 million
Despite the relative anonymity of Beef O'Brady's in the rest of the country, this bowl has been a huge boost for the company sponsoring it.
The Tampa, Fla.-based restaurant chain with the Irish pub theme is just carrying on a bowl tradition. Chick-fil-A, Little Caesar's, Buffalo Wild Wings (BWLD) and Bloomin Brands' (BLMN) Outback Steakhouse all host their own bowls, but pay a whole lot more than the $400,000 Beef O'Brady's shelled out for a four-year deal that includes eight commercials during each national broadcast.
Does it pay off? Consider that roughly 45 of Beef O'Brady's more than 200 locations are in the Tampa/St. Pete area. About 60% of its locations are in Florida. Even if it doesn't get fans to come in for the bowl, it definitely draws interest at home and elsewhere. "Our website normally gets 21,000 hit a week. We got 21,000 the day of the Beef Bowl -- so we get a whole week's worth of hits in a night," Beef O'Brady's chief executive, Chris Elliott, said last year.Check Out Our Best Services for Investors
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Our People
SRI has 2,100 employees worldwide. More than 45 percent have advanced educational degrees, and many are renowned leaders in their fields. Meet some of our people by browsing a category. Interested in joining us? Visit Careers at SRI for information about working at SRI and available positions.
Vice President, Advanced Systems Division & Acting Vice President, Government Business Development


text: 5360 Highway H Status: Off Market MLS#: 11052947 Contact Email this listing Share on Pinterest Share on Google+ Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Calculate Mortgage Print Flyer Get Directions Request a Showing Off Market 5360 Highway H, Sullivan, MO 63080 is no longer on the market or has been removed from the MLS. Similar to 5360 Highway H: Ask an Agent About 5360 Highway H * Required fields Send Your Question × Monthly Payment Estimator Price: Down Payment: % Loan Amount: Loan Type: 30 Year Fixed 15 Year Fixed 5/1 ARM Interest Rate: % Est. Tax & Insurance: % ($/mo.) × Email a Listing 5360 Highway H, Sullivan MO, 63080 From: Name: Email: To: Name: Email: Subject: Message: Take a look at this property I found on AllStLouisHomes.com: http://www.allstlouishomes.com/homes/5360-Highway-H/Sullivan/MO/63080/18040583/ Send a copy of this message to me Send Email


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Apartment in Madrid City
from £91 /night help
Availability Your dates are available
Apartment | 3 bedrooms | sleeps 6
Key Info |
Ref. 17889 - The luxury apartment has been furnished with taste and attention to detail, the materials associated with the colors used make it warm and welcoming.
We are in the financial and commercial center of the city. Just 10 meters from a bus stop that connects the Paseo de la Castellana, Recoletos and Paseo directly with the Paso del Prado. At 300 meters from the house there is a direct link to the M30 motorway, which will allow you to move quickly, as the Fair and Barajas Airport
LCD TV, Wi-Fi, air conditioning
Seventh floor with lift
Sofa, billiards
Three bedrooms, two with double bed and one with two single beds
Dishwasher, microwave and coffee maker.
Beautifully finished with a shower
Size | Sleeps up to 6, 3 bedrooms |
Will consider | Long term lets (over 1 month) |
Access | Car not necessary |
Family friendly | Great for children of all ages |
Notes | No pets allowed, No smoking at this property |
Features and Facilities
Luxuries | Internet access, DVD player |
General | Central heating, Air conditioning, TV, CD player |
Standard | Toaster, Iron, Hair dryer |
Utilities | Dishwasher, Microwave, Fridge, Washing machine |
Rooms | 3 bedrooms, 1 bathrooms of which 1 Family bathrooms |
Furniture | Single beds (2), Double beds (2) |
Other | Linen provided, Towels provided |
Outdoors | Balcony or terrace |
Further details | CHECK IN: Check-in from 15:00 - 20:00. Check-in outside this period, from 20:00 - 01:00: with a supplement of 40€. CHECK OUT:Check-out before 11.00 EQUIPMENT ON REQUEST A baby's cot is also available on request for 30€. The availability of the above mentioned equipment must be confirmed directly with the owner prior to the arrival date, otherwise the availability cannot be guaranteed. |
About this location
The Community of Madrid region
Madrid City
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- 1 Years listed
Calendar last updated:04 Mar 2015
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Dr. Purushotham Veluvolu, MD
Nuclear Medicine
- 1000 N Oak Ave
Marshfield, WI 54449 - 1 Location
- (715) 387-5511
Dr. Purushotham Veluvolu graduated from the Guntur Med Coll, Ntr Univ of Hlth Sci, Guntur, A P, India in 1974. He works in Marshfield, WI and specializes in Nuclear Medicine. Dr. Veluvolu is affiliated with Ministry Saint Michaels Hospital and Ministry St Josephs Hospital. He speaks Chinese, English, French and Spanish.
Gender: Male
Languages Spoken: Chinese, English, French, Spanish
Nuclear Medicine
Medical School: Guntur Med Coll, Ntr Univ of Hlth Sci, Guntur, A P, India; Graduated 1974
1000 N Oak Ave
Marshfield, WI 54449
(715) 387-5511


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40% Off Virtual Servers and selected Bare Metal
LeaseWeb Bare Metal Servers come made to measure, to ensure you get the best results for your business. Provision them with a wide choice of RAM, SSD hard drives, and bandwidth options. No matter how complex and demanding your workloads may be –relax. These bad boys can handle it.


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Taquera's in Pompano Beach?
Jul 08, 2008 by ldkelley in Miami - Fort Lauderdale
What is your region famous for?
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When your spouse is out of town,
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60th Birthday with 10-20 Guests in Hollywood/Ft. Laud
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Menu Help - cooking for "the Man" for the 1st time
Jul 10, 2008 by yummyinmytummy in Home Cooking
4 nice chicken thighs
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What can I do with a jar of saffron?
Jun 12, 2008 by Brian S in Home Cooking
Lack of Denver Chowhound postings
Dec 09, 2007 by bocadita in Southwest
Hollywood recommendations
Jun 20, 2008 by mookiejg in Florida
Sheba Ethiopian - Design District
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It's hot! what to cook
Jun 19, 2008 by Kari in Home Cooking
Fresh Ginger: Grate or Chop Fine
Jun 12, 2008 by shallots in Home Cooking
How long do these items stay good?
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What to do with orange slices?
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One Chowish dinner in Miami
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Pig Roast
Jun 01, 2008 by barnrust in Home Cooking
Duck Fat - A bad thing?
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$10 meal for four
May 02, 2008 by jnstarla in Home Cooking
Great Eats in Fort Lauderdale.....
Apr 23, 2008 by crazyspice in Miami - Fort Lauderdale
Uses for smoked salt, pepper?
May 04, 2008 by NYCkaren in Home Cooking
Storing onions
May 01, 2008 by anzu in Home Cooking
Non-chain restaurants in Sunrise?
Mar 01, 2008 by Brikka in Florida
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Source for Stone crabs?
Apr 25, 2008 by Docsknotinn in Florida
Dumb question: crockpot, same as braising?
Apr 23, 2008 by The Dairy Queen in Home Cooking
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We had what we thought was a typical marital spat for skiers expecting a baby. I knew that any human born to a long line of racers from the Rockies would be an alpine skier. My husband, Jim, a diehard telemarker with a backcountry habit, voted for pins. We agreed to disagree, but we always assumed we'd sprinkle a thorough ski education over whatever offspring entered our Seattle life. As my belly grew, so did our trash talk.


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City of Belleville Michigan Quality Living Since 1905
6 Main Street Belleville, MI 48111 Ph: 734.697.9323 Fax: 734.697.6837 Email
We invite you to explore and enjoy this unique place, combining the charm and tranquility of a small lakefront town with the vitality of a growing metropolitan area.
PUBLIC NOTICE Harbour Pointe Parking one side of street - October 30, 2014
Belleville SOUP Project 2015 - Thursday March 5, 5:30 pm at BHS Commons: Choose the next Downtown Belleville Project.
COMMUNITY EVENTS SIGN Listings for community events presented by area nonprofit organizations should be emailed to: email@example.com
The City of Belleville's Performance Dashboard, Citizen's Guide, Budget and Debt Service are available online per Michigan Department of Treasury Form 4886. To view or download the document, click on the title below.
Belleville Performance Dashboard
Citizen's Guide to the City of Belleville
The Citizens Guide requires a Microsoft Excel compatible program to be viewed properly.
If you do not have one installed, click the OpenOffice.org button to download a free version.
___________ ____________________________________________
August 2014: STANDARD AND POOR'S AFFIRMS CITY'S "A" CREDIT RATING
October 2013: The City of Belleville approved Title VI Plan and/or Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Plan filed with the Michigan Department of Transportation, as required by the Federal Highway Administration.
City of Belleville Michigan
Copyright@2005 Belleville Downtown Development Authority. All Rights Reserved. Technical Difficulties or Design Requests Contact DEB Consulting


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Memorabilia: There's a planeload of Concorde accessories on eBay. As we go to press, a BA Concorde Royal Doulton China set is going for $48, a BA Concorde safety card for $24.99 and a BA Concorde ticket wallet for $1.
Spare Parts: Air France plans to auction pieces of Concorde in Paris in November. The jet's distinctive...
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Versatile PCIe Gen3 Expansion Solution for MicroTCA & Other Systems Released
VadaTech Inc. Mar 3, 2015VadaTech has announced two boards that provide high-speed PCIe Expansion from an industrial PC to MicroTCA, AdvancedTCA, or other systems.
New Xilinx All Programmable FPGA Carriers and Digitizers at Embedded World
VadaTech Inc. Mar 3, 2015Embedded World – VadaTech, a manufacturer of embedded boards and complete application-ready platforms, has announced two new high-performance AMC boards that utilize Xilinx All Programmable FPGAs.
Smart Lens Technology Enhances Low Contrast Thermal Imaging
FLIR Systems Feb 16, 2015FLIR Systems has announced an expanded range of Ultrasonic Smart Lens (12, 25, 50, 100, 200mm focal length) for its research-grade X6000sc Series thermal imaging cameras.
New Dual D/A Converter From VadaTech Features High Sampling Rate & Kintex-7 FPGA
VadaTech Inc. Feb 16, 2015Embedded World – Feb 23, 2015.
High Resolution Thermal Camera Kit
FLIR Systems Jan 22, 2015The FLIR A65sc is a new high resolution thermal camera kit for R&D applications. The A65sc produces crisp thermal images of 640x512 pixels allowing you to analyse experiments in the finest detail.
New A/D and D/A Converter FMC from VadaTech Offers High Sampling Rates
VadaTech Inc. Jan 14, 2015Henderson, NV – Jan 13 2015 – VadaTech, a manufacturer of embedded boards and complete application-ready platforms, has announced a new FPGA Mezzanine Card (FMC) that is both an A/D and D/A converter.
VadaTech Offers Over 35 Adapter/Carrier Cards for Embedded Open Architectures
VadaTech Inc. Dec 10, 2014Adapters Include Mezzanine Interfaces for PMC, FMC, PCIe, COM Express and other modules
VadaTech Offers New AdvancedTCA High-End Processor/Carrier for PCIe Gen 3 Cards
VadaTech Inc. Dec 10, 2014VadaTech is a manufacturer of embedded boards and complete application-ready platforms.
Superframing Enhances Thermal Images
FLIR Systems Nov 26, 2014FLIR Systems proprietary 'superframing' technique has been developed to extend the effective scene brightness of a thermal image while maintaining its thermal contrast.
E4 -AMP- NVIDIA announce ARM®64+ GPU + IB is now ready
E4 Computer Engineering Spa Nov 25, 2014E4 Computer Engineering and Applied Micro Circuits Corporation showcased the ARKA server RK003, a unique and innovative low-power platform for HPC at SC14 in New Orleans (USA).


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Sounds Commercial are very proud to be headline sponsor and to have been awarded the acolade of producing the Conference Awards. Chris Bradfield, our Chairman will be presenting the Award for "Best Awards Team". For more information visit http://www.conferenceawards.co.uk/
Sounds Commercial at the Conference Awards 2011
This entry was posted in Design & Large Format Print, Event Management, Event Production, Exhibition & Set Build, Video Production. Bookmark the permalink.


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BANGKOK (AFP) - A prominent anti-coup activist in Thailand faces up to 14 years in prison if convicted of incitement, computer crimes and ignoring a summons by the junta, police said on Thursday.
BANGKOK (REUTERS) - Thailand's military is conducting a systematic reshuffle to blunt the power of officials seen as loyal to former premier Thaksin Shinawatra in what seems to be an effort to dismantle his support base and ensure he can never return to power.
BANGKOK (REUTERS) - Supporters of Thailand's military junta are trying to hijack a gesture used by demonstrators opposed to last month's coup, saying the three-fingered salute signifies the ills of the deposed government, and not resistance to the takeover. The salute, inspired by the hit film The Hunger Games, has been flashed as a symbol of defiance at street protests in Bangkok since the weekend. The military government, which sent thousands of troops and police onto the streets to stifle public dissent, has warned demonstrators against making the salute.
BANGKOK (AFP) - Thailand's junta said on Tuesday that it was ending a curfew in the major tourist resorts of Pattaya, Koh Samui and Phuket imposed after last month's military coup.
CHIANG MAI - He stops in mid speech at the sound of passing cars, glancing warily at the small lane outside the Chiang Mai café. With fingers clasped around an unlit cigarette, he mutters, as if in reminder to himself: "I plan to live my life normally."
BANGKOK (REUTERS) - Rice farmers in Thailand are asking the military government to come up with a new market intervention scheme to stem the decline in prices of the grain.
BANGKOK (AFP) - Opponents of Thailand's military coup are risking arrest by flashing the three-finger salute from the "Hunger Games" movies to defy a junta that has banned all public protests.
BANGKOK (REUTERS) - The military junta running Thailand has drawn up a list of emergency measures such as price caps on fuel and loan guarantees for small firms to kick-start an economy threatened by recession after months of political turmoil.
BANGKOK - Thailand's former Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra on Sunday expressed her gratitude to supporters in a message on social media, Xinhua reported.
BANGKOK (REUTERS) - Thailand's military government sent thousands of troops and police into central Bangkok on Sunday to stop any demonstrations against its seizure of power, and some shopping malls and train stations closed to avoid trouble.


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The Evil Within Season Pass: Scares All Year Long
The frights will continue in these new add-on packs included with The Evil Within's season pass.
The frights will continue in these new add-on packs included with The Evil Within's season pass.
Ubisoft is celebrating Gamescom 2014 in a big way, giving us our first look at Assassin's Creed Rogue's in action.
Before a planned Gamescom announcement, the Konami web team leaked that Metal Gear Solid V The Phantom Pain and its prologue, Ground Zeroes, are coming to Steam.
Fresh off of winning the Games Critics Awards Best Sports Game at E3 2014, EA Canada has debuted another trailer for the upcoming NHL 15
We have learned that Rise of the Tomb Raider's Xbox exclusivity "has a duration," according to the head of the company.
Check out this new trailer for Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare's multiplayer and watch how Sledgehammer Games truly redefines the COD online experience.
Developer Frogwares has announced a release date for their upcoming detective sim, Sherlock Holmes: Crimes & Punishments, and released a brief trailer.
The Borderlands team has released a new developer diary for Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel, highlighting the game's new lunar environment along with some of the unique weapons and abilities that will be used by the new Vault Hunters.
The dust has barely settled on the announcement of Assassin's Creed Rogue for last-gen systems, yet Ubisoft has announced the deluxe package for those who wish to have some extra Assassin in their lives.
Ubisoft has decided to take a more stealthy approach as the game formally known as Assassin's Creed Comet has had its first trailer leaked, and it calls itself Assassin's Creed: Rogue.
2K has revealed the first details on the modes coming to WWE 2K15 this fall.
2K is starting to unveil the next WWE game piece by piece, today announcing the collector's edition of the game on the official website.


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Thanx again, I really do appreciate the fast service from the time of ordering to the delivery date of the products that I order. I also...Read More ->
I have to admit, I was a bit wary trying out a new internet dealer. I'd been using Penguin mainly for the last while, and while they had some great...Read More ->


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New #DogTravelAdvisor
My dogs have been using dog seat belts for over 15 years. And I have been selling them for over eight years. And not just dog seat belts, but other pet travel products too. My dogs Sephi, Maya, and Pierson have been guinea pigs for more than half the products we sell (excluding those for small dogs since mine are big). If I haven't used certain products, I've been listening to feedback from those that have used them.
As a result, I have become very knowledgeable about pet travel products. And so I am taking on a new task of being PetAutoSafety's new dog travel advisor. You will start to see #DogTravelAdvisor in our tweets, on Facebook, and on Google Plus.
Go ahead, ask me anything about dog car travel. Anything, really! If I don't know the answer, I will help you find out who does.
Most of our 2014 goals were met, so now it is time to make new ones. Besides continuing to provide the best pet travel products on the market, PetAutoSafety will also continue to look for new dog traveling gear. And we have a few other projects we will work on. Check out the ones we are working on at this very moment, and then come visit our blog again to see what else we have planned.
Redesign Our Retail Website
We've recently been told politely and bluntly that our retail website is old fashioned and cumbersome to use. It hurt our feelings, but darn it, it's true. And so we are in the process of redesigning our site. You may have noticed some recent changes. For one, we were told that we needed a powerful and cute photo of a traveling dog. And so we have posted Maya's picture on the top of our home page. Go check out PetAutoSafety and tell us what you think. Is it cute? Does it reach out and grab your attention? Does it make you want to shop there?
Redesign Our Blog
If you thought our retail website was old fashioned, you do doubt feel the same about this blog. Maya sure is cute on the top header, but it just doesn't fit what PetAutoSafety is all about. Our blog host provider limits what we can do, so we will do our best to work with what we have.
We sure could use your advice on how we can improve our retail website and blog. Please feel free to comment below. And come back to our blog later in a few days to see what our other exciting 2015 goals are.
This post is inspired by the pet blogger challenge hosted by Amy with Go Pet Friendly. For this challenge, she has asked us to answer 12 questions. Here they are, along with my answers.
1. How long have you been blogging? Please tell us why you started blogging, and, for anyone stopping by for the first time, give us a quick description of what your blog is about.
I started blogging in June 2008 in order to promote the pet travel products on my PetAutoSafety.com website. At first I was intimidated by blogging but now I love it. I love it so much that I started my AmericanDogBlog.Wordpress.com just for fun in September 2009.
2. Name one thing about your blog, or one blogging goal that you accomplished during 2013 that made you most proud.
Thanks to you, traffic has doubled in the past year. Also, when people have questions about traveling with their dogs, they search Google and usually find one of my informative blog posts.
3. When you look at the post you wrote for last year's Pet Blogger Challenge, or just think back over the past year, what about blogging has changed the most for you?
This is the first year I am participating in the Pet Blogger Challenge. I have been more involved in the dog blogging community this past year.
4.a. What lessons have you learned this year – from other blogs, or through your own experience – that could help us all with our own sites?
In the past, my posts have been very technical. I am learning to be more fun, spontaneous, and have been trying to bring a more personal element into my posts. I'm not a faceless business hiding behind a 1-800 number. I am a dog lover dedicated to providing the best for my beloved furry family members. And to prove it, I feature Maya and Pierson in almost every post. These two and my dearly departed Sephi are at the heart of why I run this business.
4.b. If you could ask the pet blogging community for help with one challenge you're having with your blog, what would it be?
How on earth do you all keep up with reading and commenting on everyone's posts? How do you manage to post something nearly every day?
5. What have you found to be the best ways to bring more traffic to your blog, other than by writing great content?
The cuteness of Maya and Pierson. Seriously, how can you resist?
6. How much time to do you spend publicizing your blog, and do you think you should spend more or less in the coming year?
Writing a post can sometimes take an hour. Taking and editing photos can take quite a bit of time as well. Reading and commenting on other blogs takes at least an hour, if not more. Other social media sites take another hour or so. Browsing the internet for pet travel news, looking at other products, gathering information for posts, and so on can take anywhere from an hour to several hours, depending on how much time I have. I don't think I will change the amount of time I spend on promoting my blog, just the way I spend it. I would like to learn how to be more effective.
7.a. How do you gauge whether or not what you're writing is appealing to your audience?
By the number of comments. Page views are great too, but comments tell me people either learned something from my posts or enjoyed reading them.
7.b. How do you know when it's time to let go of a feature or theme that you've been writing about for a while?
When I don't get any comments and only a few visits.
8. When you're visiting other blogs, what inspires you to comment on a post rather than just reading and moving on?
Cute stuff, insightful posts, posts that ask questions at the end.
9. Do you do product reviews and/or giveaways?
Yes. Generally for the products I sell, but occasionally for other products. The dog seat belt giveaways have been a huge hit. The recent figurines giveaway, not so much.
10. When writer's block strikes and you're feeling dog-tired, how do you recharge?
I find that if I force myself to blog when I am burnt out that my content is lame. By taking a week off every now and then, I get recharged and write great content.
12. What goals do you have for your blog in 2014?
My goal is to gain a more regular following and spread the word about travel safety for our pets. I would like for my blog to be the go-to place for anyone who has any questions about pet car travel. Flea with Dog Treat Web for Jones Natural Chews has recommended a great book to help me with promoting my blog. I just received it from Amazon and will be reading it soon. Thanks Flea!
One more quick thing… Today is Pierson's Gotcha Day. After checking out the blog hop for the pet blogger challenge, hop on over to my AmericanDogBlog.wordpress.com blog to read a tribute to my fluffy boy and to say Happy Gotcha Day.
While you're here reading this, let me ask you all some questions:
– When you visit my blog, what inspires you to comment?
– Which of my posts do you enjoy reading the most?
– What would you like to see more of?
– Any tips on how I can reach my 2014 goals?
Thank you for stopping by everyone! And thank you Amy for hosting this blog hop. I look forward to reading everyone else's answers on their pet blogger challenge.
Last Saturday, I talked about the reasons why a dog should be restrained in the car. The post mostly focused on the benefits of a pet car harness. But let's face it, not every dog will wear one. Plus, there are a few legitimate concerns about dog seat belts. So here are some other pet travel products to consider:
Pet Carrier
Have your pet ride in a pet carrier. Make sure the carrier is secured in the vehicle so that if the car goes out of control, the dog crate stays in place. You don't want it and your dog to be thrown about. Whether a secured travel crate is as safe as a pet car harness is not known. Not much testing has been done on pet travel carriers. However, I imagine that a secured crate is probably just as safe (strictly an opinion). Traveling in this way covers all the reasons discussed last week about why it is better to have your dog secured in the car.
Dog Car Barrier
A dog car barrier can help keep your dog in the back seat and from being a distraction. Depending on the barrier, it may keep your dog from being ejected out the front windshield. However, it can't keep your dog on the seat and it can't keep him inside the vehicle if someone opens the door, a window breaks and he jumps out, or he hangs his head out the window and jumps or is thrown out.
Backseat Bridge
I can't tell you how much I really love the Kurgo Backseat Bridge. I have two big dogs and there is no way Maya can stay comfortably on the back seat, even with her pet car harness on. The seat is too narrow and Maya is too big. And she is too energetic to sit still. So covering the floor of the car helps keep her from being thrown onto the floor. If you've read some of the news about how dogs should stay on the seat when wearing their dog seat belts, you can see how difficult it would be to restrain a dog to such an extent that he wouldn't get thrown forward or onto the floor. The Backseat Bridge can help because it covers the floor. The Backseat Bridge also has a barrier that covers the center console area. If your dog is not buckled in, at least the bridge can keep him from getting thrown onto the floor and possibly keep him in the back seat so that he is not a distraction. A dog car hammock has the same benefits as the Kurgo Backseat Bridge.
K9 CarFence
This is a brand new product. There hasn't been much testing on it yet. But it sure looks promising. The K9 CarFence keeps your dog from being a distraction and it helps to keep him in his seat.
Breeze Guard Car Window Screens
This is another product I really love. I used to let my dogs put their heads out the window. After all, they really love it. But one time, Sephi yelped. I think she got hit in the face with something, probably a small pebble. Thankfully, it didn't hit her in the eye or nose. She wasn't injured. But it made me think that perhaps letting her have her head out the window wasn't such a good idea. Also, a friend of mine on Facebook told me about how a friend of hers had her dog thrown out the car window. He was hanging out having a good time when they suddenly had to swerve their car. Their poor dog flew out and ended up getting run over by the rear tire. And, one final story, I had a dog years ago that actually jumped out the car window. Luckily, we were driving slowly down an old dirt road when Huckleberry saw some cows and jumped out to get at them. He was okay. It shocked us both. But all these incidents will never happen again because of my Breeze Guard car window screens. BTW, despite having screens on my windows to allow the breeze in, I never ever leave my dogs unattended in the car.
If you're concerned about the safety of your pet but aren't sure about the safety of pet travel products, there are a lot of alternatives to consider. A pet car harness and pet carrier have a lot more safety benefits, but every dog and every situation is different. Consider your various options and feel free to contact us with any questions or concerns.
I've tried two new pet travel products recently that I would like to share with you. I purchased both of these products in anticipation of our family trip to Texas. The Wednesday before Thanksgiving, my husband and I, our two friends, and our two dogs took a road trip from Lawrence, Kansas to Kyle, Texas to visit my family. These two products were to help make our trip better.
Travel Calm by Earth Heart
I purchased Travel Calm from a company called Earth Heart in hopes that it would help keep my Maya from being so excitable during the trip. If you haven't heard about how my Labrador can be in the car, watch this video of her on You Tube called "Cute Dog Whining in the Car".
Travel Calm seemed to really work. Maya was relatively quiet the entire trip! There might have been a bit of whining at the very end of the trip when we were almost home, but that was nothing compared to her usual excited whine. Seriously, it was like the Maya in that video and the Maya on the trip to Texas were two different dogs.
I put Travel Calm on Pierson too because the product said it could help with car sickness. Pierson has been known to get sick in the car. But he didn't get sick at all on this trip. He is good in the vehicle and always calm so it was difficult to tell if the Travel Calm helped him relax or not.
Petz on Board Sign from Extremely Boards
Because of my own delay in purchasing this product, I did not receive it in time for the trip. But I did receive it when we got back home and I did have a chance to try it. It was great! The sign attaches with suction cups. I put it on my car Wednesday, went to a coffee shop drive-through with my dogs, and left the sign on my car overnight. It never fell off but was easy to remove when I took it down the next day. The board is a thin 6″ x 6″ diamond and made of durable plastic.
And just look at the sign. It is not at all extremely boring. Extremely Boards is awesome! Maya & Pierson's photos on the sign are perfect. You can't see the bottom of the sign but it lists the phone numbers of emergency contacts for Maya & Pierson. Should we get into a car accident where we have to be rushed to the hospital, emergency personnel have the means to get help for Maya & Pierson too! I really love this product.
Please note, I was not compensated for these reviews in any way. These products are not available on our PetAutoSafety.com website, but I sure would like for them to be.
We like to try to use our own photos instead of the manufacturer photos for our pet auto safety products. However, the photos for these pet travel products don't always work out for various reasons. Here is a wonderful collection for the Wordless Wednesday blog hop:
For more pet photos from other great pet bloggers, check out the Wordless Wednesday blog hop at Blog Paws.
According to Distraction.gov, at least 18% of injury car accidents in the US in 2010 were caused by the driver being distracted. Driving while talking or texting on a cell phone is probably one of the biggest driver distractions today. But cell phones are not the only types of driver distractions. Other distractions include playing with the radio or GPS, eating, grooming, or even kids and pets.
If I were Miss Daisy, my Labrador Maya would definitely drive me crazy. You can see how excited she is about riding in the car in this video. Imagine how much worse she would be if she could move around more. But Maya can't bother me in the car because she is wearing a pet car harness. Yes, she can still whine, but she can't try to jump in the front seat.
If your dog drives you crazy in the car, consider both your and his safety by keeping him restrained. You can use a pet car harness like Maya or keep him in a crate that is secured with kennel straps. You can also use devices like a pet net or other type of vehicle barrier. There are several pet travel products to choose from. Find one that is right for you and your dog.
Remember, stay safe and don't let your dog drive you crazy in the car. Don't talk or text on your cell phone either. It is not just your life at stake. It is your pet's, other passengers in the car with you, and other people on the road. Does your dog drive you crazy in the car? If so, what have you done or what would you like to do to help him?
We always love to hear from our customers. We especially love it when they share pictures of their pets. We recently received two great reviews for our pet travel products.
Viv in Canada purchased a Hatchbag pet car net. We don't usually ship to Canada because of the expensive shipping, but an exception was made because Viv originally purchased the pet car net in the US but it was too big. So we exchanged for a different size and sent it to her in Canada.
"Got the net – see attached photo. my puppy is VERY happy ! Thank you !"
Thank you Viv! You puppy must be the big cuddly kind. Thanks for sharing your experience and for sending us a photo (above).
Charlotte in Arkansas purchased a Lookout pet safety seat. She has not sent us a photo yet, but here is what she has to say about her new pet safety seat.
"We received the pet safety seat and after some adjustment (pinning the harness strap to the vehicle seat belt and less slack on the harness strap) to prevent jumping out – Lucy and I are enjoying our rides together much more safely. She loves sitting up so high and looking out the window in the back seat. Good recommendation from our point of view! Thank you!"
Thank you, Charlotte! We are glad Lucy is riding safe and that she loves her new pet safety seat.
Have you purchased any pet travel products from us? Please email us at email@example.com with your experience. Please feel free to share a photo too!
Are you taking spring break with your dog? If so, don't forget to keep him safe in the car when you travel. There are a lot of great pet travel products out there that your dog will love. And if he doesn't love them, well, at least he will be safe.
BreezeGuard Window Screens
The weather is warm so roll down those windows and put your nose to the wind. But keep your pet safe too. The BreezeGuard window screens allow you to roll down the windows and let your dog get a whiff of the air, but they don't let him put his head out the window. This keeps him in the car in the event of an emergency car maneuver or auto accident. And it also keeps your dog from being hurt by flying road debris. The BreezeGuard window screens are custom made to fit your vehicle and so can take 2-3 weeks to make. It may be too late to get them for spring break but I'm sure you will still be taking your dog for rides in the to the dog park this spring and summer.
Kurgo Backseat Bridge
This is one of my most favorite pet travel products, next to the dog car harness that is. Even though my dogs wear a seat belt for dogs, the tether on their harness is long enough that they can still move around. The Kurgo Backseat Bridge gives them that room by covering the floor of the car and, in a sense, extending the seat. This is an especially great product for long road trips. Plus, your dog won't get thrown on the floor in a sudden stop.
Seat Belt for Dogs
Since seat belts can save people's lives in a car accident, they can save your dog's life too. Fortunately, there are a lot of seat belts for dogs out there on the market. Many have been tested for strength and durability but only one brand, Pet Buckle, has had them crash tested. But if your pet won't wear a seat belt for dogs, there are other safety pet travel products you can use.
Pet Travel Crate with Kennel Restraints
If your dog doesn't like to wear a dog car harness, secure them in a pet travel crate instead. Then secure the pet travel crate with kennel restraints. The kennel restraints from Pet Buckle are made from the same strong material as seat belt webbing. Plus they have been crash tested. They work by wrapping around the pet travel crate, then being secured with the seat belt system of your car.
Other Important Things to Remember for Your Pet
Don't forget your pet's food, water, leash, pet tags on your dog's collar, poopie bags, and an emergency kit. It also helps to keep a copy of your pet's vet records with you and an emergency phone number for your veterinarian. These may not be specifically pet travel products but they are important none-the-less.
Unfortunately, I don't get a spring break. But the dogs and I will still be taking some trips on the road this spring and summer. Maya and Pierson wear a seat belt for dogs, we use the BreezeGuard window screens and Kurgo Backseat Bridge. What sort of pet travel products does your pet use? Where are you taking your dog for vacation?
(Special note on above photo: My dog Maya is wearing a sea belt for dogs in this photo, it is just difficult to see.)
Here are some other great pet travel products that we have heard about. For various reasons, we do not have them available on Pet Auto Safety.com. But you can read a little about them here and purchase them on Amazon.com.
Solvit Pet Net Barrier
We like how this pet net barrier goes almost all the way to the top. It appears easy to install. And it looks like you can see through it. It has 45 reviews on Amazon and an average of 4 out of 5 stars. Most people say it works great. The few complaints from these reviews are that if it bends, it is difficult to straighten. Some say that it obstructs their view while others say they can see through it just fine. And as with all pet net barriers, some dogs have been able to circumvent it.
Traveling With Your Pet: The AAA PetBook
Amazon has this great preview feature which allows you to look through the first several pages. From what we can see, this book is very informative. It includes tips on traveling with your pet, covers some emergency situations, talks about dog friendly places and lists lodgings and campgrounds in the US and Canada. The "Traveling with Your Pet: The AAA PetBook" has 28 reviews on Amazon and an average of 4 out of 5 stars. The few bad reviews were that the listings for hotels and such were not very complete and that the lodging information is best found online and by calling the hotels directly. By the way, I will be purchasing this book soon and will do a full review later.
PetMate Pet Travel Crate
This is one of the pet travel products I really wish we had on Pet Auto Safety. One of the safest ways to protect your pet is to put them in a pet travel crate, then to strap that crate in with kennel restraints. We have kennel restraints but the only crates we have on our site are wire crates. The plastic crates from PetMate would be perfect for pet travel. We are in the process of offering PetMate Pet Travel Crate products in the future. But for now you can get it on Amazon. It has only three stars on Amazon and 82 reviews. The negative reviews said that the plastic was too flimsy for actually carrying the crate while your dog is in it. We recommend that you put the empty crate in your car, strap it in, then put your dog in the crate.
Pet Gear Travel Lite Pet Ramps
We used to have pet ramps on Pet Auto Safety.com. But they were very expensive. So when our supplier went out of business, we stopped selling them. Pet ramps are still relatively expensive pet travel products. But we have found one on Amazon for a reasonable price. Pet ramps are perfect for older dogs who have a difficult time getting up steps or into vehicles. This particular product has four stars on Amazon. The people who gave fewer stars claimed the ramp was too steep, their dog was afraid of it, or it was difficult for their dog to get a grip on the surface. Don't get this ramp if your vehicle is really high off the ground. The grip issue can be solved with a beach towel and the fear issue can be resolved with training.
Travel Calm Chewable Tablets
Does your dog get nervous in the car? These Travel Calm tablets may help. This product has four stars on Amazon but only nine reviews. Of the nine, two were bad reviews. One person said their dog wouldn't eat it and another person said it didn't help their dog. My guess is that since there are seven other great reviews, this product will help most dogs but may not help some dogs. For a product under $10 it is worth a try.
I must confess that we have not tried these products out ourselves. But they have good reviews on Amazon. And they are products which we may consider having on Pet Auto Safety.com in the future. For now, you can visit our Amazon Pet Travel Products Store for these great pet travel products.


text:
I'd be happy to demonstrate how to brew AG as well as Decoction mashing. I typically host one of the Yankee Inginuity events at my house at least once a year.
Also live in NY . Mid Hudson Valley would like to attend a demo on AG.
I'm also putting something together in central NJ if that's closer for you.
a territorial battle ensues and thus began the HBT franchise system.
I'm looking to get into AG, but I'm totally lost and have no equipment....i would, more than anything like to see an AG brewing in person first. Anyone in the Pittsburgh, PA area?
Let's get it done!http://www.homebrewtalk.com/showthread.php?p=663400


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Protecting corporate internal networks from hackers, thieves, or high load traffic is a common concern. A typical security measure consists of placing an intermediary Web server, known as an HTTP(S) proxy server, between the Internet and the internal network for controlling access. Such an intermediary Web server forwards HTTP(S) requests from clients to other servers, making those requests look like they originated from the proxy server and vice versa (reverse proxy).
Malicious users or excessive traffic load are just two good reasons for controlling access to internal servers. More generally, they are two application scenarios of the well-known structural design pattern Proxy, or Surrogate, whose intent, according to the Gang of Four, (GoF) is to "provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it." Obviously such a surrogate adds a cost in terms of complexity. Complex systems are more difficult to understand and any modification is made harder by added complexity. So, why should we pay such a complexity fee? Typical reasons are:
- Performance: You will eventually have to provide temporary cached instances of resources to multiple clients that share them (Cache Proxy design pattern). For example, this approach makes sense for static content (images, Javascripts, Cascading Style Sheets, static HTML pages).
- Security: You will eventually have to control access to resources (Protection Proxy). Typically, the proxy server is placed outside the main corporate firewall in the so-called demilitarized zone, while proxied servers are placed inside the firewall in the so-called militarized zone. Furthermore, you will eventually have to provide clients with different levels of access (Protection Access Proxy). For instance, in banking applications, clients may have different levels of access to financial reports.
- Scalability: As traffic load increases, you will eventually have to add more application servers to maintain good performance, or you might need some kind of automatic failover in case one of the nodes breaks.
- Audit: You will eventually have to count the number of accesses or trace access details to requested references (Smart Reference Proxy). For instance, this approach is common in banner advertising applications.
When such complexity is necessary in an application, PippoProxy, a Java HTTP proxy designed and implemented for Tomcat, can be used in place of standard Apache-Tomcat solutions. This article presents the rationale behind the development of PippoProxy, the need for this type of proxy, and its advantages over more traditional proxies. In addition, PippoProxy's typical deployment scenarios and comparison benchmarks to more traditional solutions are presented.
Typical Apache-Tomcat proxy configurations
The standard Apache-Tomcat proxy configuration places an Apache (proxy) HTTP server before the Tomcat application servers in a "neutral zone" between the company's private network and the Internet (or some other outside public network) for secure access to the company's private data. This proxy server also acts as a load balancer and as a server of static content. Figure 1 shows such a configuration scenario.
To connect Apache to Tomcat, you can choose one of the standard connectors. For production deployment, mod_jk is the best choice (see Tomcat FAQ and "Fronting Tomcat" for further details). In particular, the mod_jk connector is said to provide approximately double the performance than mod_proxy for several reasons, including a persistent connection pool to Tomcat and a custom optimized protocol named AJP (see the Apache Jakarta Tomcat Connector). For a step-by-step explanation on how to connect an array of Tomcats to Apache using such a connector, see "High Availability Tomcat" (JavaWorld, December 2004).
Limitations of Apache-Tomcat
In typical Apache-Tomcat configurations, static content lives with the proxy server and is typically served without processing by filters or security constraints (Figure 1). This architecture proves inadequate for those security-conscious environments that deliver documents from internal servers to external customers in a controlled manner according to specific business rules inherently bound to the application itself and its lifecycle.
The following section considers application scenarios where such inadequacies are evident and where the adoption of a Tomcat-embeddable HTTP proxy has clear advantages.
Sample application: Managing financial reports at MegaBank
Consider a banking application at MegaBank, a large financial institution, where customers may have different levels of access to financial reports (PDF files, for instance) or other documents such as research produced by financial advisors regarding the companies they are considering investing in. These documents are typically provided by a content management system (CMS) that deploys them in an internal Web server (not Tomcat, in general), for which our initial Web application acts as a service consumer. For example, a user request to access a particular report is processed according to the user profile and other business rules before the document is delivered from the internal server. Moreover, such a CMS and its Web server typically live in a more internal security layer than our Web application. Figure 2 shows such a scenario.
In the standard Apache-Tomcat configuration, the Web server is responsible for proxying the documents after applying business logic. Since the internal Web server will not necessarily be Tomcat, the proxy must use the mod_proxy module. Besides performance penalties related to mod_proxy, this solution has the main disadvantage of not complying with standard security policies since the proxy server must pass through two firewalls, see Figure 3.
To block out malicious requests for internal resources protected by security constraints, all business rules used by Tomcat to filter requests to Apache should be replicated (using another programming language) by Apache itself. Thus, the whole setup is difficult to manage. In addition to the correct forwarding of HTTP headers up and down the chain, Apache must also include additional modules (e.g., mod_rewrite and mod_auth) to implement such rules that must remain consistent with the rest of the system. For further details see "URL Rewriting Guide." In particular, this setup violates two design-level principles:
- Once and only once: This is a principle within agile development methods, such as extreme programming, that strives to eliminate code and data duplication. Generally, if you find yourself duplicating a code fragment or datastructure, you should instead create abstractions or use indirection to remove the duplication. Applying the same philosophy at the enterprise level, this principle means you should not allow different modules to perform the same logical work.
- Law of Demeter: The simple version of this guideline is "only talk to your immediate friends." Bringing this philosophy from the object-oriented design level to the enterprise level, applications should talk only to those applications on the functional levels immediately above or below them.
Other scenarios
The above limitations of typical Apache-Tomcat configurations are related to a quite complex application scenario. Simple scenarios, on the other hand, might also suffer from lack of resources when, for instance, for simple or internal Websites, no Apache Web server is available for proxy use. In addition, in the case of static content (or quasi-static content, as in the MegaBank example), caching mechanisms are important for boosting performance and reducing the offered load to internal Web servers not built for production use.
To summarize, application scenarios are common where the adoption of a Tomcat-embeddable HTTP proxy has clear advantages. Enter PippoProxy.
PippoProxy is a 100 percent pure Java HTTP proxy designed/implemented for Tomcat that can be used instead of standard Apache-Tomcat solutions. Technically, it is implemented as a servlet and requires:
- J2SE 1.4.1 or newer
- Apache Ant 1.6.2 or newer
- Apache Tomcat 5.0.x or newer
PippoProxy is deployable in one of two modes: it can be plugged into any existent Web application acting as a service provider or serve as a standalone Web application.
In the first deployment scenario, classes responsible for handling business logic may use PippoProxy on demand. For instance, in our MegaBank example, a user request to access a particular report may be processed according to a user profile and other business rules, and eventually forward to PippoProxy.
In particular, let's assume a front end that uses some kind of Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework, whose servlet acts as controller running under http://[domain]:[port]/[context]/servlet/*.[extension]. Such a servlet (or the classes handling its actions in MVC frameworks such as Struts) receives requests from clients, decides whether they have the required authorization, sets a suitable request/session attribute to some value, and forwards the request to PippoProxy, running, for example, under http://[domain]:[port]/[context]/proxy/.
PippoProxy checks the attribute, fetches the required resource from the internal server (or its cache, if it is static), and returns the resource to the client (see Figure 4). This way, malicious users attempting to directly request resources under security constraints without the required authorization fail since their HTTP request/session has no authorization attribute set.
To maximize performance, PippoProxy manages a persistent (configurable) connection pool to the internal server, avoiding the opening and closing of connections for each request. In the case of static content, the performance is further improved with an efficient caching mechanism that uses a hierarchical structure both in memory and in the filesystem. Such a caching structure consists of a chain composed of a first node for memory cache, followed by another node for the filesystem cache. PippoProxy's caching mechanism implements the well-known GoF behavioral design pattern Chain of Responsibility, see Figure 5.
PippoProxy's main servlet asks for a resource to the first node. If the node has the requested resource, it returns it; otherwise, the node passes the request along the chain to the second node. If the second node has the requested resource, it returns it; otherwise the second node fetches the resource from the internal Web server.
The memory and filesystem cache can be configured to have a maximum size (in MB). The cache use a LRU (least-recently used) replacement strategy to decide which resource to force-pass to successive nodes or remove (last node only). Also, the cache is structured as an exclusive cache hierarchy, meaning that the contents of the memory and filesystem nodes are exclusive (eliminating redundant copies). See PippoProxy documentation for further details about implementation. Also see the discussion on Ephemeral Cache Item in Java Enterprise Design Patterns for a sample of a LRU cache in Java.
The following sections show how to install, configure, and deploy PippoProxy.
For the impatient
If you don't already have Tomcat or Ant, download the recent copies and install them. Then download PippoProxy and unpack it in a directory (e.g., /usr/local/pippoproxy
). Edit the _ant.properties
file, have deploy_local
point to the local Tomcat Web applications (e.g., /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
), and set application_name
to the name of the Web context under which PippoProxy works (e.g., pp
). Now the command line ant deploy
deploys PippoProxy under the local Tomcat, producing the output shown in Figure 6.
To test your installation, go to http://localhost:8080/pp/lp/ and you should see a well-known Website.
Custom configuration
PippoProxy can also be deployed as a standard J2EE application. As a result, the related web.xml
deployment descriptor must contain a servlet
element for specifying the servlet name and setting other servlet-specific properties, for example:
The deployment descriptor also must have a servlet-mapping
element for mapping it to one or more URL patterns according to the Servlet specification:
You can complete this customization by either editing your web.xml
deployment descriptor or using PippoProxy's Ant scripts. PippoProxy's Ant scripts have all you need if you want to deploy PippoProxy as a standalone Web application. Thus, you should need to edit your web.xml
only when you integrate PippoProxy into an existing Web application.
To edit your deployment descriptor, place PippoProxy's Java classes into your J2EE application's WEB-INF/lib
directory as a JAR according to the Servlet specification and then edit the web.xml
deployment descriptor. For packaging PippoProxy's classes into a JAR, you can use the jarPkg
Ant target after editing the _ant.properties
# Application name.
# Local temp directory to do stuff.
For example, if your PippoProxy home is /usr/local/pippoproxy
, launching ant jarPkg
in the previous instance of _ant.properties
will package PippoProxy's Java classes into the JAR /usr/local/pippoproxy/build/dist/pp.jar
and the HTTP client library used by PippoProxy into the JAR /usr/local/pippoproxy/build/dist/HTTPClient.jar
. These JARs should be copied into your J2EE application's WEB-INF/lib
directory. Next, edit the web.xml
deployment descriptor, setting all parameters, whose semantics are described in the next section.
If you want to deploy PippoProxy as a standalone Web application—running under http://[domain]:[port]/pippo/, for example—edit the _ant.properties
file (as above), setting the property deploy_local
as below:
# Local Tomcat webapps.
deploy_local=C:/java/tomcat/5.0/Tomcat 5.0/webapps
So configure the _proxy.properties
file (see next section) and launch ant deploy
to generate PippoProxy's war file and copy it into Tomcat Web applications automatically.
As a further deployment mode, you can allocate a complete Tomcat server as a proxy server using PippoProxy. In this mode, PippoProxy will proxy all URLs matching the pattern http://[domain]:[port]/* (for further details, see PippoProxy documentation).
Advanced settings
This section describes parameters used by PippoProxy, whether you configure them manually in your J2EE application's deployment descriptor or edit them in the _proxy.properties
: True for checking the value of a session attribute before proxying (e.g., true).SESSION_ATTR_KEY_FOR_LOGIN
: The eventual attribute to check before proxying (e.g., my_attr_for_proxy).CACHE_ENABLED
: True (static content only) for enabling PippoProxy's cache (e.g., true).CACHE_TIMEOUT
: Lifetime (in milliseconds) of a resource before being removed from the cache (e.g., 3600000).CACHE_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE
: The maximum size (in MB) of memory cache (e.g., 10).CACHE_MAX_DISK_SIZE
: The maximum size (in MB) of filesystem cache (e.g., 50).CACHE_PATH_DIR
: The absolute path where resources are stored (e.g., /usr/local/pippoproxy/cache).REMOTE_HOST
: The remote host to proxy (e.g., cocoon.apache.org).REMOTE_PORT
: The remote port to proxy (e.g., 80).IS_ROOT
: True for making the application server act as a proxy server (e.g., true); in this mode, PippoProxy handles all http://[domain]:[port]/* URLs. See PippoProxy documentation for further details.LOCAL_PREFIX
: The local prefix under which PippoProxy runs (e.g., by setting /lp, PippoProxy handles all client requests matching the URL pattern http://[domain]:[port]/[context]/lp/*).REMOTE_PREFIX
: The remote prefix to proxy (e.g., by setting /2.1, a client request for http://[domain]:[port]/[context]/lp/index.html will map to http://[REMOTE_HOST]:[REMOTE_PORT]/2.1/index.html).NOT_ALLOWED_HEADERS
: The pipe-separated list of HTTP headers to block (e.g., Content-Encoding|Content-Type).PROXY_ENABLED
: True if a further proxy server is available for reaching the internal server to proxy (e.g., true).PROXY_HOST
: The eventual proxy host for reaching the internal server to proxy (e.g., my_company.proxy).PROXY_PORT
: The eventual proxy port for reaching the internal server to proxy (e.g., 80).PROTOCOL
: Only http currently supported.INIT_CONNECTION
: The initial number of HTTP connections (e.g., 10).MAX_CONNECTION
: The maximum HTTP connections in the pool (e.g, 15).
Performance comparisons
This section compares the performance of PippoProxy deployed to Tomcat (5.5.4) and a standard Apache(2.0.49)-Tomcat(5.5.4) pair connected with mod_jk2 in the same machine.
Note: mod_jk2 has been configured so that the required resources are not forwarded by Apache to Tomcat, but handled locally by Apache itself (workers2.properties
Testing platform:
- Intel 730 GHz Pentium III
- Single processor
- Linux 2.6.8
The tests attempt to simulate user scenarios where the same set of static resources is requested at a high repetition rate, hence, where the efficiency of the cache directly affects overall performance. Two file sizes have been used, 13 KB and 128 KB, and the same resource is requested 1,000 and 500 times, respectively.
As shown in Figure 7, the performance gap relative to the standard proxy increases as the file size increases. This is due to the fact that the PippoProxy cache works on the well-known principle of temporal locality, where programs tend to reuse data and instructions they have recently used (see Resources for more information).
For small files, mod_jk and PippoProxy performances are quite similar, since the file initial-access time is a substantial portion of the total time for handling requests. But for larger files, differences among diverse caching behaviors are more evident. Though elapsed time for first calls is quite comparable, after 500 calls, on average, PippoProxy is five times faster than mod_jk. See Figure 8, where PippoProxy's throughput increases as the file size increases, while mod_jk throughput decreases.
This comparison shows how PippoProxy's built-in cache speeds up the delivery of static content for medium to large file sizes, without any penalty on the delivery of dynamic content, since the latter is managed in both cases by the supporting servlet engine.
This article introduced PippoProxy, a one-to-one replacement for standard Apache-Tomcat proxy solutions, and illustrated application scenarios in which this Tomcat-embeddable HTTP proxy offers clear advantages over standard Apache-Tomcat proxy solutions. Regardless of the deployment scenario, in case of static (or quasi-static) content, PippoProxy caching proves to be efficient; its performance is five times that of the traditional mod_jk-based proxy. Finally, PippoProxy does not require any optional modules or even a Web server for connecting to Tomcat, and configuration and deployment are easy when using Apache Ant.
I'd like to thank my manager Marco Fillo at Virgilio for his support while preparing this article and Vanessa di Lima for her invaluable assistance.
Learn more about this topic
- PippoProxy homepage
http://sourceforge.net/projects/pippoproxy/ - Tomcat homepage
http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/ - Proxy Support How-To
http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.0-doc/proxy-howto.html - Ant homepage
http://ant.apache.org/ - HTTPClient homepage
http://www.innovation.ch/java/HTTPClient/ - Design PatternsElements of Reusable Object-Oriented Sofware, E. Gamma, R. Helm, R. Johnson, J. Vlissides (Addison-Wesley Professional, 1995; ISBN0201633612)
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0201633612/javaworld - For Ephemeral Cache Item, see "Chapter 7, Concurrency Patterns" in Java Enterprise Design Patterns, Volume 3, Mark Grand (John Wiley & Sons, 2002; ISBN0471333158)
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471333158/javaworld - "High Availability Tomcat," Graham King (JavaWorld, December 2004)
http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2004/jw-1220-tomcat.html - Best practices for fronting Tomcat with Apache or IIS"Fronting Tomcat," Mladen Turk
http://www.apache.org/~mturk/docs/article/ftwai.html - Tomcat FAQ about connectors
http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/faq/connectors.html - The Apache Jakarta Tomcat Connector
http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/connectors-doc/ - "URL Rewriting Guide," Ralf S. Engelschall (December 1997)
http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/misc/rewriteguide.html - Visit Wikipedia for the Law of Demeter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Demeter - Visit Wikipedia for the principle of locality
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_locality - For an introduction to extreme programming, read the bible by Kent BeckExtreme Programming Explained (Addison-Wesley Professional; 1999ISBN0201616416)
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0201616416/javaworld - For more articles on performance, browse the Performance Tuning section of JavaWorld's Topical Index
http://www.javaworld.com/channel_content/jw-performance-index.shtml - For more articles on Java development tools, browse the Development Tools section of JavaWorld's Topical Index
http://www.javaworld.com/channel_content/jw-tools-index.shtml - For more articles on design patterns, browse the Design Patterns section of JavaWorld's Topical Index