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Posts Tagged: almonds
Tough Time for Bees
He sounded the alarm.
"We need 1.6 million colonies, or two colonies per acre, and California has only about 500,000 colonies that can be used for that purpose," said Mussen in a news release we posted Feb. 8 on the Department of Entomology website. "We need to bring in a million more colonies but due to the winter losses, we may not have enough bees."
Those winter losses--still being tabulated--and the resulting fewer bees per hive could spell trouble for almond growers, he said.
He said 2012 was a bad year for bee nutrition.
"Last year was not a good year for honey production in the United States," Mussen said, "and it could be one of the worst honey production years in the history of nation, although it's been pretty rough in some of the previous years. Usually when we're short of nectar, we're short on pollen, and honey bees need both. So, 2012 was a bad year for bee nutrition."
The winter of 2012-2013, in general, was bad for bees. In fact, it's never been good since the winter of 2006 with the onset of colony collapse disorder, a mysterious malady characterized by adult bees abandoning the hive, leaving behind the queen bee, brood and food stores.
Bee scientists think CCD is caused by a multitude of factors, includes, pests, pesticides, parasites, diseases, malnutrition and stress. On the average, beekeepers report they're losing one-third of their bees a year.
"We don't know how many more bees will be lost over the winter," Mussen told us on Feb. 8. "We consider the winter ending when the weather warms up and the pollen is being brought into the hives."
"Many, many colonies are not going to make it through the winter. We won't have as large a bee population as in the past."
Mussen, a member of the UC Davis Department of Entomology since 1976, knows honey bees. He is a honey bee guru, a global expert on bees. "Have a question about bees? Ask Eric Mussen." This month, especially, he is in great demand as a news source.
The New York Times quoted Mussen in its March 28th article, "Mystery Malady Kills More Bees, Heightening Worry on Farms."
Eric Mussen, an apiculturist at the University of California, Davis, said analysts had documented about 150 chemical residues in pollen and wax gathered from beehives.
"Where do you start?" Dr. Mussen said. "When you have all these chemicals at a sublethal leel how do they react with each other? What are the consequences?"
Experts say nobody knows.
Meanwhile, Mussen spent much of the day today granting news media interviews. On Tuesday, April 2, it will be for Dan Rather Reports: Buzzkill.
It was not so long ago that honey bees drew little attention, despite the fact that they pollinate about one-third of the food we eat. A three-letter acronym, CCD, changed all that.
Rich Schubert, a beekeeper in the Winters/Vacaville area, said it best during a question-and-answer session at Mussen's UC Davis Distinguished Seminar on Oct. 9, 2007.
If 5600 dead cows were found in a pasture, instead of 5600 dead bees, people would start paying attention, Schubert told the crowd.
So true. And now they are.
Honey bee foraging on almond blossom. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Close-up of honey bee on an almond blossom. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Symphony in the Almonds
Symphony in the almond blossoms...
There's a wild almond tree planted in a field off Bee Biology Road at the University of California, Davis, that's incredibly beautiful.
Honey bees from the nearby apiary at the Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility reunite on the blossoms, each bee seemingly vying for the best pollen to take back to her hive.
The tree is not quite in full bloom, but don't tell that to the bees. We captured a few images of them in flight, a moving symphony performance in the almonds.
Honey bee heading toward almonds blossoms on Bee Biology Road, UC Davis. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Honey bee, packing pollen, in mid-flight. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
A blur of bee wings. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Almonds become California's second-most valuable commodity
California almonds are on a roll. In the last 20 years, scientific discovery and grower ingenuity have nearly doubled almond per-acre productivity. A good yield in the 1980s was 1,400 pounds per acre. The average yield for 2011 was 2,670 pounds of shelled almonds per acre.
Forty years ago, California farmers produced less than 100 million pounds of almonds on about 200,000 acres of almond orchards. Mechanization, improved irrigation efficiency, advances in insect and disease management, pruning research and fertilization studies have fueled explosive growth in the industry. Farmers in California's Central Valley now tend 760,000 acres of almond trees, producing about 2 billion pounds of shelled nuts a year. The crop, which represents 100 percent of U.S. almond production and 75 to 80 percent of world production, was valued in 2011 at $3.87 billion, surpassing table, wine and raisin grapes, which were valued at $3.86 billion.
"Even with this record production, we have more demand than we have supply," said Bob Curtis of the Almond Board. "The driver behind that is nutrition studies that show almonds are a healthy food and snack."
A tremendous amount of UC research is behind the California almond success story, said Bruce Lampinen, UC Cooperative Extension specialist in the Department of Plant Sciences at UC Davis, an expert in almond canopy management.
"Higher density plantings of almonds and a trend towards less pruning, and improved water management have led to much higher yields," Lampinen said.
Many almond growers have replaced flood irrigation with micro-sprinkler or drip irrigation, said Larry Schwankl, UC Cooperative Extension specialist in the Department of Land, Air and Water Resources at UC Davis. Schwankl is based at the UC Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Parlier. These irrigation systems increase the precision of water and fertilizer application. Over the years, UC Cooperative Extension advisors and specialists established demonstrations of micro-sprinkler and drip systems in many parts of the Central Valley and reached out to farmers to show how they could be managed to optimize production.
"Twenty years ago, we simply guessed at the amount of water that the trees needed and we applied it on a calendar basis," said Joe MacIlvaine, president of Paramount Farming Company in Kern County, one of the state's largest growers of almonds, pistachios and pomegranates. "Today, we are delivering water and nutrients directly to the root zones when they are needed."
Two decades ago, a granular form of nitrogen fertilizer was generally applied to almond orchards in the fall to allow winter rain and irrigation to move it into the soil for use by the trees in spring and early summer. Nitrogen use efficiency was believed to be about 40 percent. Now, nitrogen fertilizer is applied through the irrigation system during the growing season, when the tree needs it.
"Today, our nitrogen use efficiency can be as high as 85 percent," said Blake Sanden, UCCE advisor in Kern County, an irrigation expert. He and Patrick Brown, professor in the Department of Plant Sciences at UC Davis, have conducted nitrogen trials in almonds with Paramount Farming.
"When you increase the conversion of applied nitrogen fertilizer to higher crop yield, there is significantly less potential for nitrogen to leach below the rootzone and contaminate groundwater," Sanden said. "But each field is unique and requires site-specific management to achieve these high levels of efficiency."
Another area where UC research has led to significant crop yield growth is in canopy management and tree spacing. Research by Mario Viveros, UCCE advisor emeritus in Kern County, and other scientists showed that a tendency among growers to over prune was taking a toll at harvest time.
"A lot of farmers who are now growing almonds had experience with fresh fruits, where you do need to prune to get light on the fruit for good color. In almonds more canopy generally means more yield," Lampinen said. "Today, most almond growers only prune when branches are growing in the way of tractors or other equipment."
UC research also found that orchards planted with traditional wide spacing between the trees weren't making the most efficient use of sunlight on the farms. Older orchards had 60 to 70 trees per acre. Today, almond orchards are planted at an average density of about 110 trees per acre based on results of UC research.
However, studies have also shown that crowding still more trees into orchards triggers diminishing returns. In almond production, the nuts are shaken from the trees to dry on the ground before they are harvested.
"If the orchard floor becomes too shaded by trees planted too densely, the orchard floor temperature and humidity become optimal for growth of pathogens that could become a food safety problem," Lampinen said. "You want enough sunlight to hit the orchard floor to reduce potential pathogens, like salmonella."
MacIlvaine acknowledged the role of UC Cooperative Extension in helping the almond industry achieve the production milestone in 2011.
"The University of California has been a wonderful partner in improving our farming practices," he said. "The whole system is not only more efficient, but more sustainable at the same time."
Hear more of MacIlvaine's comments in the video posted below:
Turning Over a New Leaf (Footed Bug)
When you first see the leaffooted bug, you know immediately how it got its name.
The appendages on its feet look like leaves!
This morning we saw one in our catmint (Nepeta) patch. It crawled beneath the tiny leaves, sharing space with honey bees, European wool carder bees, butterflies and assorted spiders.
Tonight scores of them stormed our pomegranate tree. In fact, they made the immature fruit their kitchen, living room and bedroom.
Although the leaffooted bug (Leptoglossus clypealis) is a pest of pistachios and almonds, we've never seen it on our pomegranate tree until today. Our tree, planted in 1927--back when Herbert Hoover was the U.S. president--has few pests. One year white flies attacked it mercilessly. Tonight leaffooted bugs claimed squatters' rights.
The adult bug is about an inch long with a white or yellow zigzag across its back. Shades of Zorro! Its most distinctive feature, however, are the leaflike appendages on its feet.
Back in 2009, integrated pest management specialist Frank Zalom, professor of entomology at the University of California, Davis, co-authored UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines on the leaffooted bug as it pertains to almonds. Zalom and his colleagues called attention to their needlelike mouthparts. The adults feed on young nuts "before the shell hardens." And after the nut is developed, "leaffooted bug feeding can still cause black spots on the kernel or wrinkled, misshapen nutmeats."
As for our pomegranate tree, we're not sure how well these leaffooted bugs can probe the tough, leathery fruit.
We open the pomegranates with a serrated knife...
Close-up of leaffooted bug. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Leaffooted bugs making pomegranates their kitchen, living room and bedroom. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Beady eyes, colorful antennae and appendages on its feet that look like leaves. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Everything Is Connected; Even the Bees
"When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the Universe."--John Muir, My First Summer in the Sierra
Ecologist Louie Yang of the UC Davis Department of Entomology, tags that quote at the end of each email.
So true.
On that note, did you catch the Feb. 14th National Public Radio piece on "Why California Almonds Need North Dakota Flowers (And a Few Million Bees)?"
"Here's the web of connections: a threat to California's booming almond business; hard times for honey bees in North Dakota; and high corn prices," Dan Charles said.
The gist of it:
Every year, bees from 1.6 million of the nation's hives are trucked into California to pollinate the 750,000 acres of almonds. Since the almond pollination season is brief--a few weeks in mid-February--the bees need someplace to thrive after the bloom ends. Many beekeepers head to North Dakota's federally funded government program, the Conservation Reserve Program, where flowers bloom all summer long. Basically, Uncle Sam leases land from the farmers to help the bees thrive.
Now, however, North Dakota farmers are finding it more profitable to grow corn than put their land in the Conservation Reserve Program.
"The amount of North Dakota land in the Conservation Reserve, meanwhile, has declined by a third over the past five years," said Charles. "This year, it's expected to take another plunge, perhaps down to half what it was its peak."
So, bottom line, California almonds--and the nation's bees--are tied to the North Dakota's Conservation Reserve Program.
As Charles correctly pointed out: "This is not just a beekeeper's problem anymore. ...the prosperity of almond growers...depends on what happens to bees on the lonely northern Plains."
To get a really good grasp of the situation, read Hannah Nordhaus' excellent book, "The Beekeeper's Lament: How One Man and Half a Billion Honey Bees Help Feed America."
NPR interviewed some of the very migratory beekeepers that Nordhaus interviewed.
Honey bee heading for an almond blossom on Bee Biology Road at UC Davis. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)
Honey bee foraging in almond blossoms. (Photo by Kathy Keatley Garvey)


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Does anyone know how long to leave a keg carbonating using the tasty brew calculator. I have an iPa and the calculator recommends 4.9 psi but does not say how long to leave it. Any ideas?
10 days to 3 weeks. The calculator doesn't matter. At such a low pressure you must be doing set and forget carbonation (the most reliable method). There is a nice chart in the first post of this sticky:http://www.homebrewtalk.com/f35/keg-...strated-73328/
4.9 psi? That's flat. Normally, for the "set it and forget it" carbing in a fridge, it's more like 11-12 psi. (I hate those calculators by the way!)
Oh hey yooper. I think I may have gotten the gas out of the beer. Going to set and forget now. Is the tasty brew calculator no good?
I assumed this was an English beer being carbed to style. I have never gone below 10 psi myself but 4.9psi supposedly would yield about 1.9 vol of co2 at 38F.
My beer is at 38 degrees. 1.9 is in range for an iPa right?
FWIW I prefer the calculator over the chart, but I agree that 1.9 is close to flat.

subset: commoncrawl


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A New Avery Cates Short
UPDATE: Links for Nook and Google Play added below.
So, this happened:
In jotting down notes for an Avery Cates sequel or three a while ago, I started with a story fragment which turned into about 10,000 words of actual story. I sat on it for a while, but never had time to get back to a full-fledged novel (what with working on We Are Not Good People and writing blogs for what seems like half the Internet).
And so, last week, I thought, what the heck, let's just publish the story as it is. And so I have.
The Shattered Gears is an all-new Avery Cates story that picks up shortly after where The Final Evolution left off. Avery's had a little time to orient himself in the ruined world he now resides in, and there are plenty of hints there are more adventures to be had. Mysterious inhuman figures, an abandoned prison, and … The Howler. And Avery slowly gets his mojo back.
A lot of fun to return to this character and this universe, and I hope y'all enjoy it too. It's currently available for pre-order at Amazon and Kobo, and will shortly show up on B&N for Kindle and Google Play. Just 99 cents American money, kids. Enjoy!


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1897-06-08 (102lbs) Ernie Brady w disq 7 (20) Jack Maloney, Standard Theatre, Gateshead, England
From Barry Hugman's History of Championship Boxing
8 June (102lbs) Ernie Brady w disq 7 (20) Jack Maloney, Standard Theatre, Gateshead, England. Referee: J. H. Hornsby. Made at 102lbs for the English title, There was never a great deal of fighting done in this one, despite Brady (101½) occasionally landing good punches from both hands, as Maloney (102) seemed more intent on negating his rival's work. As clinch followed clinch, the referee was getting more frustrated and in the seventh after the Westminster man had twice wrestled Brady to the boards he awarded the fight to the latter. The official line was that Maloney had been disqualified for consistently hugging and tripping, and failing to obey the referee's commands.


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Home | Forums | Rules | Articles | The diyAudio Store | Gallery | Blogs | Register | Donations | FAQ | Calendar | Search | Today's Posts | Mark Forums Read | Search |
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Thread Tools | Search this Thread |
7th July 2010, 12:56 PM | #1011 |
diyAudio Member
how to texture paint your speakerbox diy way...since acrytech products Speaker Cabinet Coating for superior performance Speaker Cabinet Texture Coating in gloss or satin are not locally available...here's a simple way on how to mix your own textured paint.
this are water base paint...Do Not Mix with H20 (water) versatex high profile 7517...then mix with acrycolor black pwtac-1117 with 1:1 ratio...then mix a acrycolor thalo-blue .25% ratio...stir very very well. to apply use a nylon texture roller brush...clean your brushes with water. to finish apply boysen 700 clear gloss emulsion. i hope this can be applicable to others... have a nice day jojo |
7th July 2010, 02:05 PM | #1012 | |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Aug 2009
Location: philippines
Last edited by amants; 7th July 2010 at 02:08 PM. |
7th July 2010, 03:47 PM | #1013 |
diyAudio Member
these are available in your friendly neighborhood hardware store or retail paint store. have fun jojo |
7th July 2010, 04:36 PM | #1014 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2006
how many wsx sub are you using? I've had heard the wsx sub 6 per side on live band and its very strong punch. try to higher crossover point
8th July 2010, 07:39 AM | #1015 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2008
thanks for reply i will try to build 4 more. hoping for the best |
8th July 2010, 10:20 AM | #1016 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2009
Location: uae
mt2 vs wsx
HI all,
I am newbie here I just wanna ask which is better to use in subwoofer mt2 or wsx, If I used 1850 speaker driver will work in mt2 box? and anybody used the mt2 box? I`ve seen this set-up in manila med. concert bass, is good But I dont know which driver they used. regards, smblite |
8th July 2010, 11:03 PM | #1017 |
diyAudio Member
mtl2 a product of electrovoice during the 90's...its a discontinued product.
here's the spec sheet from ev... have fun jojo |
9th July 2010, 02:51 AM | #1018 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Apr 2010
Location: cebu, philippines
do we have amps to DIY to run this piece of monster???...
hi guys...
pardon to interrupt... i'm just wondering... i saw this speaker in an electronic store just yesterday when i was buying components for my diy amp... i was really shocked with that guy hanging with those other guys...t'was like" hey... i never saw something like this before"... it was a SOUND BARRIER 18" speaker which is 2200w @ 8ohms...with a magnet diameter of about 12"...gosh!!! i didnt get to see its voice coil diameter... do we have something to diy just to turn this guy ON???... tnx... regards... |
9th July 2010, 04:25 AM | #1019 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2008
wich store incebu you find this speaker? |
9th July 2010, 06:38 AM | #1020 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Apr 2010
Location: cebu, philippines
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Green Giant Announces "Giant Difference Campaign" Aimed At Diet Cheaters
In this particular study, the chances are 95 in 100 that a survey result does not vary, plus or minus, by more than 3.1 percentage points from the result that would be obtained if interviews had been conducted with all persons in the universe represented by the sample. The margin of error for any subgroups will be slightly higher.
SOURCE Green Giant
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Tag: size
Seagate hoping to get 120GB drives into the iPod?
If you're as burned out about iPhone rumors as we are, maybe rumors of new storage capacities (finally) coming to the iPod can grab your attention. Engadget found some comments in Business Week from Seagate CEO William Watkins on the state of small-format storage, including whether the Flash memory ...
View a graphical chart of file and folder sizes with Disk Inventory X
Disk Inventory X takes a unique approach to helping you analyze your disk space usage by visualizing it as a graphical chart. You can see a breakdown of which types of files are hogging the most space, and clicking on a graphical portion will display the file's location in your Mac's system. Let's ...
Widget Watch: Type Cast font preview and info
This is one of those widgets that makes me wonder why Apple hasn't already made one. Type Cast is pretty simple and straight-forward: it's a font preview widget from Code Line Communications, makers of Art Director's Toolkit (amongst other things). This widget isn't short on capabilities either; yo...
On resolution independence
There is a lot of buzz and speculation floating around as to what we'll see in the Mac OS X 10.5 update that will be previewed (and I suspect released) at this August's World Wide Developer's Conference. One exciting 'fundamental feature' John Gruber hinted at last November has been mentioned again ...
Mail slowing you down? Rebuild its database
Apple's flagship email client had me banging my head against a wall again when I finally dug up this tip on rebuilding Mail.app's 'Envelope Index' SQLite database at Hawk Wings (If you're wondering what that file is all about, check out Hawk Wing's "What's in your Mail folder?" post). Forc...
Software Updates
more updates- Dropbox adds file/folder renaming and Office document editing to iOS app
- Vizzywig 8xHD price tag now a very affordable $49.99
- Automatic targets teen drivers with License+ service
- Dropbox adds support for TouchID
- YouTube for iOS gets updated with full support for iPhone 6 and 6 Plus
- iOS 8.0.1 update now available (Updated -- Don't update!)


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Boris Johnson got his wellies wet this afternoon when he met people affected by the floods in Kenley.
Starting his visit at the water treatment plant in Godstone Road he spoke to the workers who have been pumping flood water away from the site 24 hours a day since last Thursday.
This site supplies water to more than 46,000 properties and 116,000 people in Purley, South Croydon, Warlingham and Caterham.
After touring the plant the Mayor of London then went on a walkabout, stopping to chat to business owners and people living in the flood zone.
- Crystal Palace paramedic sets up life saving course
- Missing 13-year-old last seen in Croydon
- Staff 'disciplined' over exam misconduct at South Norwood primary school
- Teenager jailed for robbing two schoolboys in underpass
- Youth who wrongly kept £25,000 of NHS cancer trust's money given year prison sentence


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Old sailing movie
A few years ago someone posted a link to an old home made movie of a guy sailing (crewing) on a large commercial sailing vessel (tall ship) around cape horn. I believe the movie was filmed in the 30's/40's? I can't find it now. Any ideas? I believe the movie was around 45-60 minutes in length.
Thanks, Eric |
Don't know if this is it, but it was easy to find...
Amazon.com: Around Cape Horn - Capt. Irving Johnson Sailing DVD: Irving Johnson: Movies & TV |
Possibly. It was an online video though.
After some additional research, it seems that is the video, but it is no longer free online. Thanks for the help
I think you may be referring to Alan Villiers' "Around the Horn in a Square-Rigger" (1933). I believe this film was restored by the South Street Seaport in New York and is available in video format. Fandor - Film: Around the Horn in a Square Rigger
Jeff |
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Cumberland Kanata Landscaping
3545 St. Joseph Blvd, Ottawa, ON K1C 1T1- 613-830-4832
- Get directions
- Website
We were so impressed with everything! Great communication and the staff were knowledgeable and friendly. They went above and beyond our expectations. Great job folks... would recommend your services to anyone! :)
Business Owner ? Response
You cannot ask for better soil and friendly staff Did I say better well I should say best ! Prompt delivery and will not delay your gardening schedule.
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Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Reports Second Quarter 2012 Financial Results And Highlights
SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif., Aug. 9, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq:SNSS) today reported financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2012. Net loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 was $8.6 million and $22.5 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2012, cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $29.3 million.
"Next month, the independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board will conduct, in its single pre-planned interim analysis, the first efficacy review of the Phase 3 VALOR trial in acute myeloid leukemia," said Daniel Swisher, Chief Executive Officer of Sunesis. "The DSMB will examine pre-specified unblinded efficacy and safety data sets and decide whether to stop the study early for efficacy or futility, continue the study as planned or implement a one-time sample size adjustment of 225 additional evaluable patients. This important milestone will determine timing of the final outcome of this pivotal study and enable our plans for future regulatory filings and commercialization of vosaroxin."
Mr. Swisher added: "I continue to be pleased with the execution of the VALOR trial. The trial has now enrolled 391 patients, a figure that reflects broad investigator support across our more than 110 clinical sites, and underlines vosaroxin's potential to change the standard of care in this disease. We have also seen progress in our kinase inhibitor collaborations during the quarter. These collaborations allow us to leverage the resources of two leading biopharmaceutical companies, Biogen Idec and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, to advance a broader product pipeline while we focus our resources on vosaroxin and the VALOR trial."
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Feel free to email it to me and I will post it for you. email@example.com
Not YOU, lolz. People in general.
Knifegill is christened to be high carb now!He gives me Lamprey Kisses in the midnight seanotontherug:
the buttstuff...never interested.
Flubby tubby gums latching onto me
For all that I've done wrong, I mastodon something right...
My pony picture thread http://www.marksdailyapple.com/forum/thread82786.html
Feel free to email it to me and I will post it for you. email@example.com
Eggs are NOT dairy. Not even related.
I agree with other comments about checking thyroid and liver functions, but most of all the part about skewed labs from recent or ongoing weight loss. I had a doc try to put me on 80! Mg of Lipitor after a 40lb weight loss! ... Uh, no thanks...idiot.
The apples and grapes are very high sugar fruits, I would try to limit to berries and drop it to maybe one serving a day. Have heard about coconut causing rise in LDL too.
Overall, try not to rush to a knee jerk reaction- it is nuts to think a diet of meat, veg, good oils and a little fruit could be unhealthy- period. Just my honest opinion, for what it's worth.
One last idea, if all else checks out, you may need to check for Apo E status. My understanding from Dr. William Davis' Heart Scan Blog is that people with that particular genetic variant need to sadly limit fats as well as carbs. Cruel.
Good luck to you.
On breaking out of the healthcare box..."Box? What box? Take cover, it's gonna get ugly... "
Definitely slow down on the apples and grapes, especially the grapes. They are one of the highest sugar fruits. +1 on the berries, low sugar high nutrient value. Give yourself some time once your weight stabilizes before you retest if possible.
Oh man, this blog about cholesterol and statin drugs is priceless.
Dr. Malcolm Kendrick | Scottish doctor and author of 'The Great Cholesterol Con'
Female, 5'3", 49, Starting weight: 163lbs. Current weight: 135 (more or less).
I can squat 180lbs, press 72.5lbs and deadlift 185lbs
There's been no mention of exercise in this thread. What is your level of exercise? How much moving around at a slow pace are you doing? (you need several hours/week). How much are you lifting heavy things? Do you really fast 1-2 times/week?
PB is a system. You can't get there just by diet.
Ok, these are the numbers we're working with here:
Total Cholesterol: 255 (ignore their target range, this is fine)
Trigs: 368 (this is too high, correct, but basically meaningless as a number while you are losing weight)
HDL: 32 (this is too low)
LDL: 149 (what really matters is the LDL/HDL ratio, so either this is too high or HDL is too low. my money is on the HDL)
So there are two things that you want to have happen to improve your Cholesterol numbers. Firstly, you want your trigs to go down, which is usually accomplished by the spontaneeous reduction in carbs that people make when they switch to primal. Maybe you should reduce your carbs a little more? Secondly, you want your HDL to increase, since the three ratios that are indicative of your health (TotC/HDL, Trig/HDL and LDL/HDL) all have HDL as the denominator, so increasing HDL will reduce and improve ALL of your ratios. You should increase your intake of saturated fat to make your HDL go up.
tldr: swap out some carbs for some animal fats in your diet and your numbers should head in the right direction.
p.s. I wouldn't worry about Trigs being too high while you are losing weight, since the fat you are losing comes out of your fat cells and into your bloodstream as triglycerides. Wait until you have finished losing weight before putting any credence in this number.
Lastly, there is a pretty good primer in my sig if you want to read up on Cholesterol more.
Disclaimer: I eat 'meat and vegetables' ala Primal, although I don't agree with the carb curve. I like Perfect Health Diet and WAPF Lactofermentation a lot.
Griff's cholesterol primer
5,000 Cal Fat <> 5,000 Cal Carbs
Winterbike: What I eat every day is what other people eat to treat themselves.
TQP: I find for me that nutrition is much more important than what I do in the gym.
bloodorchid is always right
THANK YOU so much - someone earlier asked about exercise. I go to the gym 3 times a week and start with 1/2 hour of walking and then 1/2 hour of weight training. However - I only started that a few weeks ago so it probably doesn't count yet - but it WILL! And I do not fast - don't believe I mentioned that but I don't. I am hoping the exercise will raise my HDL - seems it's about the only thing that will. If I am wrong - please tell me and I'll do it.


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H'mong King Palace Or Nha Vua Meo In Ha Giang Vietnam
Often dubbed Vua Meo (king of H'mong), the palace's official name is Vuong Chinh Sinh. The Hmong king ruled over a vast territory from Dong Van Plateau to Meo Vac Town. During his reign, the charismatic king attracted a lot of attention when he and other Meo residents joined forces with Ho Chi Minh to gain national freedom.
The palace is in Sa Phin valley in Lung Phin Commune, Dong Van District at the base of a mountain, backed by cliffs and topped by a mass of clouds.
Tall sa moc trees surround the palace that is built from stone, fir wood and terra-cotta tiles in the Chinese architectural style of the Man Qing era.
Covering a total area of 1,120 square meters, the palace was used as a residence and fortress during the Vuong Dynasty.
The two storey, 50 meter long palace that took eight years to build has four long houses and six wide houses with 64 rooms for the king's wives, children and soldiers.
All the walls are 50-60 centimeters thick. Surrounding it is stone barrier which is 2 meters high and 80 centimeters thick.
The palace is divided into many areas such as dining room, bed room, kitchen, marijuana store, rooms of his wives, a prayer altar and an area for criminal executions.
No one lives at the palace anymore but it has been well maintained by the provincial government. It contains wardrobes, fireplace, beds, flour-mill, crossbow and pan-pipe.
Still largely un-restored the palace is a great place to learn about the province's interesting history.
Tags: Ho Chi Minh | Dong Van plateau | Ha Giang | Meo Vac | Hmong | king of H'mong) | Vuong Chinh Sinh | Meo Vac Town | Lung Phin Commune | Sa Phin valley | Dong Van District | H'Mong | Dong Van | Hagiang | Lung Phin |
Related information
- Dong Van Stone Plateau Recognized As World Geological Park
The Dong Van plateau was recognized by the UNESCO as one of the 77 geological parks in the world and the second in Southeast Asia on October 3. The park ... - Ma Pi Leng Pass In Ha Giang Vietnam
The national road No.4C, Ha Giang – Dong Van – Meo Vac, is very sinuous. Ma Pi Leng Pass – Meo Vac mount with the length of 7 km, lies ... - Dong Van Highland In Hagiang Vietnam
Dong Van Highland is situated 1,025 m above sea level and is inhabited by the Tay and H'Mong ethnic groups. The temperature is approximately 1oC in winter and reaches 24oC ... - Lung Cu Flagpole In Dong Van - Ha Giang Vietnam
Lung Cu flagpole, about 24km from the centre of Dong Van district, is a tourist destination that is meaningful for domestic visitors. Lung Cu mount is liken as "a high ... - Dong Van Ancient Quarter In Ha Giang Vietnam
Located at the center of Dong Van town. The vestige consists of the market and two villages (Quyet Tien, Dong Tam) of Dong Van commune. It was built on early ... - Hagiang Tien Co Double Moutain
Co Tien double mountain under the type of tectonic – Geomorphic heritage, located in Tam Son town, Quan Ba district, Ha Giang province. It is 47 kilometer from Ha Giang town. - Khau Vai Market
The Khau Vai love market, in Ha Giang province, takes place only once a year when the moon completely disappears for the last time in March. According to legend, the ...


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"When I started out, wood-epoxy boat construction had the worst possible reputation," Sam Devlin explains.
"But it's improved." More than that, stitch-and-glue is "pure sanity" to Devlin.
Peter Poanessa, an East Coast native living 100 miles from the ocean in Keene, N.H., chose a traditional West Coast fishing design for his first boatbuilding project.
Poanessa, 52, who spent a decade as a commercial fisherman, for years dreamed of building his own boat.
Boats, motorcycles and Evel Knievel? That's right, and he's the larger-than-life sailor behind Latitudes & Attitudes magazine
It's not hard to pick out Bob Bitchin from a crowd. At 6-foot-4 and dressed in a loud Hawaiian shirt, with sunburned skin and a gold earring in the shape of a cutlass, he is the life of the party and the center of attention.
The Bitchin/Global 52 was designed by Walter Schulz at Shannon Yachts to be as green a boat as possible - without sacrificing comfort.
Powered by twin 75-hp Yanmar turbo diesels, the boat will be able to cross the Atlantic under power on 400 gallons of fuel. With both engines running, it will motor at up to 12 knots. Under a single engine, it will motor economically at 7.5 knots, burning just 1.1 gph.
At 70, author-sailor-Iditarod racer Gary Paulsen still intends to take on the sea's ultimate challenge
Gary Paulsen has a new boat, the sort of boat he's made for, built for — a tough, stubby cutter that can take — maybe even welcome — the anger of Cape Horn.
Page 5 of 7


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Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital
Today:8:00 am - 6:00 pm
Tomorrow:8:00 am - 6:00 pm
825 Broad St,
Wadsworth, OH 44281
(330) 769-6096
Business Details
in Business
- Social Links:
- Visit Facebook Page
- Hours:
Regular Hours
- Message:
- Call Today to Make an Appointment! Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital is a full-service facility, offering general wellness visits, such as scheduled examinations and vaccinations, puppy and kitten packages for new pets and new pet-owners, as well as focusing on geriatric care for the more senior pets in the community. The hospital also tends to the needs of ailing pets, regardless of the illness, focusing on small animal care, and striving to ensure that patients' care is our first priority. Services offered include routine veterinary care, general surgical procedures, dentistry services, and we provide boarding services for our established clients as well. Since the inception of the practice in 1954, the aim of the services provided at the Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital have always been to afford our clients with the most comprehensive care for their beloved furry family members. In 2004 when we became the owners of the facility, our focus built upon that philosophy, and we have striven to become the only veterinary service you trust with your pets. We have shared many wonderfully happy moments with the majority of you, and we've cried with more than a few of you as well, but our beliefs and values with regard to your pet's overall health have always remained consistent. The hospital has also established and maintained a close relationship with multiple rescue groups, such as Save Ohio Strays and AlterPet, as well as both the Medina and Summit County Animal Shelters. These ties allow the hospital to provide for needy animals with discounted services and to help out in a very important and desperately required area of animal care. Additionally, through Dr. Arends' relationship with Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital, they can offer the range of veterinary care that only an affiliation with a 24-hour facility such as Metropolitan can provide. Therefore, Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital proudly maintains its status as one of only nine member hospitals with the Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital group. This allows for an additional level of treatment to be available at all times. With twenty-four hour monitored care and the ability to consult with specialists for complex surgical procedures or advanced disease diagnosis and treatment, the association with Metropolitan provides for patients that have this level of need. Additionally, if at any time a patient of Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital becomes ill or injured, and therefore requires immediate attention, they can be seen at Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital. The owners can be assured that Dr. Arends will be contacted and can therefore make treatment decisions on his own patients, and their beloved pet will receive the same level of compassionate care that it would receive from the Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital staff. We believe in comprehensive care plans for your pet, and we are always accepting new clients / patients, and we have found that our finest referrals are from the people who know and trust us best – yourselves. Our hospital has served the Wadsworth area for nearly 60 years now, and we intend to carry on our efforts to serve our clients, both old and new, for many years to come. We have extended office hours to make it more convenient for our clientele, so please contact us at any time to ask for details about our new Dental Health Plan, Weight Management Plan, or just stop in to say hello to Dr. Arends. If you are a regular client, please look for our newsletters, and for more of our comprehensive health strategies for your pets. We truly enjoy being a part of your pet's care, and cannot begin to tell you how much we appreciate your continued loyalty and referrals to our practice. Thank you again, and please don't hesitate to let us know if we can serve you, your pets, or your friends and relatives in any way. Looking forward to seeing all of you soon!
- Services/Products:
- Wadsworth Veterinary Hospital is a full-service facility offering the following; Immunization and Wellness Care, Surgery, Dental Care, Nutritional Counseling, and Boarding for Established Clients. We also offer Microchip Implantation, and Domestic/International Health Certificates. Please feel free to call us for more information or visit our website.
- Brands:
- Wadsworth, wellness
- Payment method:
- all major credit cards, amex, diners club, discover, master card, visa
- Other Link:
- Categories:
- Veterinarian Emergency Services, Veterinary Specialty Services, Pet Boarding & Kennels, Pet Services, Pet Grooming, Pet Specialty Services, Veterinarians, Dog & Cat Grooming & Supplies, Pet Sitting & Exercising Services, Animal Health Products, Kennels, Veterinary Clinics & Hospitals


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12-11-2004, 11:17 PM | #3 (permalink) |
:::Post Whore:::
i love mine they hook up great the only minor thing about them is if u powerslide a lot the sidewall tread will wear very quickly. but i would buy them again anyway. they will hook up great on hardpack until they r completely bald which is why i love them
12-13-2004, 05:00 PM | #6 (permalink) |
:::Ozark 250 rider:::
Join Date: Oct 2003
Location: Harrisburg PA
Posts: 284
I love mine for all around riding. There are tires for more specific needs like mud (ITP HD or razor 2) or mx (mx4 or klaws). I have also used the razor 2's but preffered teh xcr's myself. Though I think the Razor 2's look awesome on a xc quad!!!
Z-400: 03 model Lonestar axle Maxxis razor (20-11-9)on burgard beadlocks and razor 2(22-7-10) on itp baja (4+1 offset) Burgard +1 std travel A-arms TCS zero pre triple rate xc w/rezzi comp adj front TCS zero pre dual rate xc w/rezzi comp/rbd adj rebuilt rear PEP steering stabilizer Factory 909 cr-hi bars w acerbis rally 2 handguards/oury grips AC racing bumper Pro armor chassis skid plate and PRM swingarm skid plate Moose racing nerf bars/monster pegs Pro design clamp/K&N filter w/outerwears & outerwears lid no snorkel Sparks 39mm FCR w/scaryfast powershot + thumb adj. fuel/air screw Yoshi complete exhaust Hotcams (new style w/auto decomp) Kibblewhite ti valves/valve springs port/polished head (5 angle valve job) D.I.D cam chain Athena 434 13/40 gear ratio Advantage CDI Bare performance gusseted frame Powder coated transluscent grape yellow c4v radiator hoses Streamline steel braided brake lines |
12-13-2004, 06:14 PM | #8 (permalink) |
:::Z-250 Rider:::
I'm running XCR's in the rear and XCT's in the front. I really don't like how the XCR's hook up. I don't have much to compare it to, but they just don't seem to grab like I think they should. They are very predictable though, and haven't let me down yet on the trails. They do wear quick though.
Now the XCT's up front... I hate them! Just my opinion, but they tend to slide to easy, don't hook enough, and roll over HORRIBLE. I'm a light guy, so to get anything to grab up front, I have to get my weight forward (or the quad to nose dive) and my 22" Razrs seem to allow me to stay back MUCH better than the 23" XCT's.
Smithfield, NC '03 Suzuki Z400 -TCS zps triple rate ft - TCS zps dual rate rear - Laeger's +1 swingarm - GPR stabilizer - Roll Design anti-vibe stem - Yoshi full titanium pipe - etc. etc. etc. '01 Ranger 4x4, 4.0L V6, 4.10 l/s rear, 3" B.L., 33x12.50 BFG T/A KO's |
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Sources: Dirk, Mavs have $80M deal
DALLAS -- Dirk Nowitzki has essentially invested some of his own money into the Dallas Mavericks.
With no guarantee the capped-out Mavericks can land the elite sidekick he seeks to keep Dallas relevant in the Western Conference, Nowitzki agreed Saturday night to give a hometown discount to the only team he's ever known, reaching terms with owner Mark Cuban on what sources close to the talks say is a four-year deal worth $80 million.
MacMahon: The Hard Part
It didn't take long for the Mavs to retain Dirk, but adding help for him won't be so easy, ESPNDallas.com's Tim MacMahon writes. Story
That's $16 million less than the $96 million maximum Nowitzki was eligible to receive and likely would have commanded had he been serious about shopping himself on the open market as an unrestricted free agent for the first time, given Nowitzki's stature in the league as a former MVP and the fact that his game is aging well at 32.
Nowitzki essentially ignored exploratory feelers from New Jersey and New York and stuck to his oft-cited desire to keep chasing his championship dream in Dallas, agreeing to the new pact -- which includes a no-trade clause -- after a series of wrap-up meetings that consumed much of Saturday and concluded at Cuban's house.
Shortly after the season ended with a chastening first-round exit to San Antonio, Cuban spoke hopefully of Nowitzki's willingness to consent to a "different deal" that would reduce Cuban's hefty annual luxury-tax bill and make it more palatable for him to keep pursuing expensive trades like the deal Dallas swung in February to acquire Caron Butler and Brendan Haywood and to make it easier to re-sign fellow free agent Haywood this summer.
So Nowitzki responded by potentially saving his boss $32 million if the Mavericks continue to be a luxury-tax payer for the next four seasons -- or even more if the next collective bargaining agreement, as some teams fear, comes with a tiered tax system that penalizes teams on a rising scale depending on how far they are past the tax line.
The Mavericks, though, remain well over the salary cap, restricting them to complicated sign-and-trade bids for top free agents such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade or Chris Bosh. All Cuban could promise Nowitzki is that the financial relief he's providing will make it easier for Dallas to keep trying to swing a landscape-changing trade.
Such assurances were enough thanks largely to Nowitzki's deep Dallas roots and the close bond he and Cuban have forged through more than a decade of extreme highs and lows.
Dallas has strung together 10 consecutive 50-win seasons and Nowitzki became the NBA's first European-born MVP in 2007.
But owner and star have shared plenty of pain as well, stemming mostly from the Mavericks' collapse in the 2006 NBA Finals. The Mavericks have won only one playoff series since that capitulation to Miami after taking a 2-0 series lead. They also stand as the only franchise without an NBA championship of the four to have won 50 games for 10 or more consecutive seasons.
But Cuban has been a rock for Nowitzki during some rough periods in his off-court life, which has only cemented the bond and enabled them to weather the contentious free-agent departure of Nowitzki's best friend, Steve Nash, in the summer of 2004.
Nowitzki's longtime adviser and personal coach, Holger Geschwindner, told The Associated Press late Saturday night that Nowitzki and Cuban have agreed "to get it done."
Nowitzki can't actually sign and team officials are precluded from discussing the deal before July 8, which is the first day teams and players can execute new contracts. But having the All-Star power forward's verbal commitment enables Dallas to seriously begin its pursuit of marquee names through sign-and-trade offers, with Cuban now able to assure prospective targets that Nowitzki will be in Dallas through at least 2013-14.
The Mavericks remain hopeful that James will give them a chance to be the seventh team to make a presentation to the two-time reigning MVP, despite the fact Dallas could only acquire him if James tries to force a sign-and-trade to Texas.
Adande: Doom Motivating Many
It's no secret that this year's free-agent actions are being driven in large part by the threat of a locked-out 2011, ESPN.com's J.A. Adande writes. Story
Sources with knowledge of James' thinking have maintained for months that the Mavericks -- with Cuban's aggressive and player-friendly ownership, Nowitzki's presence as an ideal, floor-spreading complement to James' slashing game and James' close friend Jason Kidd leading Dallas' recruiting efforts -- can't be dismissed as a dark-horse contender to land him.
Cuban has nonetheless convinced Nowitzki that the financial sacrifice he's made will pay off for both of them, even if they don't get a shot at James and can't immediately acquire another franchise player.
Sources say that the Mavericks have identified Minnesota's Al Jefferson and Charlotte's Tyson Chandler as potential trade options, but those are secondary targets given Nowitzki's need for someone on the wings who can consistently occupy defenses, create his own offense and open things up for him.
The sides have been negotiating for weeks in the wake of Dallas' first-round playoff ouster, after team officials learned in mid-May that Nowitzki was determined to opt out and become an unrestricted free agent for the first time in his career as opposed to signing a three-year extension before June 30.
Nowitzki and Geschwindner were formally presented with a contract Friday and then sealed an agreement after a Saturday flurry of meetings. The discussions didn't start until the afternoon, however, to allow the ever-patriotic Nowitzki to host a morning gathering at his home in Dallas to watch Germany's quarterfinal demolition of Argentina in the World Cup.
"I think it's a great deal," Geschwindner said, according to the AP. "I like it."
The Mavericks' all-time leader in scoring and rebounding is one of three marquee free agents -- of the 10 or so available this summer -- to quickly become unavailable.
Nowitzki joins Memphis Grizzlies forward Rudy Gay, who received a five-year deal worth nearly $82 million on the first day of free agency to stay with the Grizzlies, as well as Boston Celtics guard Paul Pierce, who agreed to a four-year contract in excess of $60 million on Saturday.
Atlanta Hawks guard Joe Johnson is also close to accepting the Hawks' $120 million offer.
Nowitzki becomes the second player in the league to secure a no-trade provision, which can only be added to new contracts -- not extensions -- when a player has at least eight years of NBA service time and four seasons with the same team. The Los Angeles Lakers' Kobe Bryant is the only player with an active no-trade clause, though Pierce is also eligible to secure one in his new deal.
Marc Stein is a senior NBA writer for ESPN.com. The Associated Press contributed to this report.
• Began covering the NBA in 1993-94
• Also covered soccer, tennis and the Olympics
2010 NBA Free Agency
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- TrueHoop: Shaq vs. Darko | MailShaq
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HEAT ADD LeBRON TO WADE, BOSH
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FileStream.EndRead Method
Assembly: mscorlib (in mscorlib.dll)
public int EndRead ( IAsyncResult asyncResult )
public override function EndRead ( asyncResult : IAsyncResult ) : int
Not applicable.
- asyncResult
The reference to the pending asynchronous request to wait for.
Return Value
The number of bytes read from the stream, between 0 and the number of bytes you requested. Streams only return 0 at the end of the stream, otherwise, they should block until at least 1 byte is available.Exception type | Condition |
asyncResult is a null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic). | |
This IAsyncResult object was not created by calling BeginRead on this class. | |
EndRead is called multiple times. | |
The stream is closed or an internal error has occurred. |
EndRead must be called exactly for every call to BeginRead. Failing to end a read process before beginning another read can cause undesirable behavior such as deadlock.
This method overrides EndRead.
EndRead can be called on every IAsyncResult from BeginRead. Calling EndRead tells you how many bytes were read from the stream. EndRead will block until the I/O operation has completed.
For a list of common I/O tasks, see Common I/O Tasks.
Windows Mobile 2003 for Pocket PC, Windows Mobile 2003 for Smartphone, Windows CE Platform Note: In .NET Compact Framework applications, this method is supported, but it is reserved for future use. Using this method will raise a NotSupportedException until it becomes available in a future release.
This code example is part of a larger example provided for the FileStream(String,FileMode,FileAccess,FileShare,Int32,Boolean) constructor.
static void EndReadCallback( IAsyncResult^ asyncResult ) { State^ tempState = dynamic_cast<State^>(asyncResult->AsyncState); int readCount = tempState->FStream->EndRead( asyncResult ); int i = 0; while ( i < readCount ) { if ( tempState->ReadArray[ i ] != tempState->WriteArray[ i++ ] ) { Console::WriteLine( "Error writing data." ); tempState->FStream->Close(); return; } } Console::WriteLine( "The data was written to {0} " "and verified.", tempState->FStream->Name ); tempState->FStream->Close(); // Signal the main thread that the verification is finished. tempState->ManualEvent->Set(); } public:
static void EndReadCallback(IAsyncResult asyncResult) { State tempState = ((State)(asyncResult.get_AsyncState())); int readCount = tempState.get_FStream().EndRead(asyncResult); int i = 0; while((i < readCount)) { if ( tempState.get_ReadArray()[i] != tempState.get_WriteArray()[i++] ) { Console.WriteLine("Error writing data."); tempState.get_FStream().Close(); return; } } Console.WriteLine("The data was written to {0} and verified.", tempState.get_FStream().get_Name()); tempState.get_FStream().Close(); // Signal the main thread that the verification is finished. tempState.get_ManualEvent().Set(); } //EndReadCallback
Windows 98, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter Edition
The Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 is supported on Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows XP SP2, and Windows Server 2003 SP1.


text:
Welcome to English Heritage Image Shop
Browse through a selection of exclusive prints, framed prints and canvas prints brought to you by English Heritage. You will find images illustrating the historic landscapes, architecture and heritage of England and its regions, as well as the rich legacy of fine art, reconstruction graphics and historic photography in our care.
SOUTHWARK, London. Bomb damage and demolition debris beside County Hall on London's South Bank, with the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Bridge in the background. Photographed by John Gay. Date range: 1940 - 1947.
Copyright © English Heritage
Watermarking and Website Address do not appear on finished products
Our Reference 1678663
URL: msh.pm/agrtg


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Tokio continues his training with the mysterious Master only to get frustrated by his lack of results. At last, Master confronts Tokio and brings out his hidden strength only for him to learn the Master's identity. With his new strength in hand, Tokio heads to the Arena in hopes of freeing Haseo from Posaune's brainwashing.
Story by CyberConnect2 and Art by Megane Kikuya.
Submit your own review of this item.


text:
As Purim approaches, thousands of Israeli children and families grapple with poverty
Summertime in Massachusetts, one often sees flowers for sale at the side of the road. But there is no salesperson present. Instead, there is a sign requesting $10 for the flowers. You leave the $10 bill on the table and go back to your car with flowers in hand. It is an honors system. There is nobody watching to see if you pay only $5 or if you creep back, retrieve your $10 bill and make off with the money and the flowers. Doing that would be a breach of trust.
The Torah calls breach of trust "me'ilah." It cites several examples of me'ilah on a social level: One who accepts an item from another on deposit and then denies that she was ever given the deposit in the first place; one who finds lost property but denies she found it and keeps if for herself; one who takes unfair advantage of a fiduciary relationship; one who breaches the trust of a spouse and enters into an extramarital relationship – all such persons are guilty of me'ilah.
There is also a breach of trust toward God. We give God something of value, but when He is not "looking" we take it back or use it for ourselves. The way we give God something is by pronouncing an item "kodesh" or "hekdesh." That pronouncement, uttered even in solitude with no witnesses present and even before the kohen knows about it, has the power to transfer the property in the item to the Temple.
"Just words!" one might say, "and besides, no-one was watching. Let's change our mind and take it back." That would be a breach of trust, a me'ilah against God. The Talmud discusses this type of breach of trust in tractate Me'ilah.
Me'ilah in connection with Temple property can be intentional or it can be inadvertent, such as when one was genuinely unaware the item one was enjoying belonged to the Temple. The sanction for intentional me'ilah is lashes and monetary restitution. The sanction for unintentional me'ilah is threefold. In order to atone for the transgression, the perpetrator must offer up on the altar a guilt offering – asham meilot – in the form of a ram worth two Shekalim (38.2 grams of silver) and must make restitution for the item misappropriated. In addition, the perpetrator must add a fine equal to one quarter the value of the misappropriated item. Thus if the item is worth four quarters, one must pay five.
Me'ilah applies to items that are intrinsically holy – kedushat haguf – such as various types of kornbanot including animal offerings, bird offerings, flour offerings known as menachot, the Show Bread, known as lechem hapanim, the two loaves of bread offered up on Shavuot known as shtei halechem, the libations of water known as nesachim and the incense known as ketoret.
Me'ilah also applies to items dedicated to the Temple to assist in its upkeep. These items, which are either used in the Temple in the form they are given or sold so that their proceeds are given to the Temple, are known as kodshei bedek habayit. Although items donated for bedek habayit are not intrinsically holy, once they are dedicated to the Temple they too, like the korbanot, are subject to the laws of me'ilah.
The underlying principle of me'ilah is that nobody may derive any benefit from an item that is kodesh laHashem – that belongs exclusively to God. It follows that once an item ceases to belong exclusively to God in the sense that the Torah permits humans to derive some benefit from it, it is no longer subject to me'ilah.
Some korbanot always belong exclusively to God in the sense that there is never a time when a human may benefit from them. An example of such an item is the korban olah, no part of which was eaten by the kohanim and which, (apart from its hide, which was given to the kohanim) was entirely consumed by the fires of the altar. Accordingly, any misappropriation of the korban olah, from the time it was dedicated to the Temple to the time its burned ashes were removed from the altar, was subject to the laws and penalties of me'ilah.
Other korbanot belonging to the kodshei kodashim category start out belonging exclusively to God but are subsequently permitted for consumption by the kohanim. Examples of such items are the sin offering, known as the korban chattat, certain types of the guilt offerings, known as korbanot asham, and communal peace offerings such as the lambs sacrificed on Shavuot known as kivsei atzeret.
Once the blood of these animals has been sprinkled on the altar in a procedure known as zerikah, the kohanim are permitted to eat certain parts of the animal, (the breast and part of the right thigh). Accordingly, from that point on the animal no longer belongs exclusively to God and (except for the fat, kidneys and liver of these animals, which are always consumed by the fires of the altar) these animals are no longer subject to the laws of me'ilah.
The practical consequence of this law is that if, for some reason unconnected with the sanctity of the animal, the animal became unfit for consumption after the sprinkling of the blood, a person who derives benefit from the animal – other than eating it – is not liable to the laws and penalties of me'ilah.
Thus for example, the meat of a korban that had already undergone the avodah of zerikah but that subsequently became unfit for consumption – either because it became tamei due to its having been allowed to remain beyond its allotted time for consumption or because it was removed from the Temple Courtyard – is not subject to the laws of me'ilah.
Raphael Grunfeld's book, "Ner Eyal on Seder Moed" (distributed by Mesorah) is available at OU.org and your local Jewish bookstore.
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About the Author: Raphael Grunfeld's book, "Ner Eyal on Seder Moed" (distributed by Mesorah) is available at OU.org and your local Jewish bookstore. His new book, "Ner Eyal on Seder Nashim & Nezikin," will be available shortly.
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To the glee of all Israel haters it was Netanyahu who was accused of endangering US-Israel relations
Over and over, the text tells us about "keeping" Shabbat, about holiness, and a covenant – but why?
Aharon's guilt with the golden calf is not clear-cut. What if Moshe were in his brother's place?
The Sabbath is a full dress rehearsal for an ideal society that has not yet come to pass-but will
When Hashem told Moshe of the option to destroy the people and make him and his descendants into a great nation, Hashem was telling Moshe that it is up to him.
Just like Moses and Aaron, Mordechai decides to ruin the party…
An Auto Accident
'All Agree That They Are Exempt'
(Kesubbos 35a)
Purim points to peruse and ponder.
Question: If Abraham was commanded to circumcise his descendants on the eighth day, why do Arabs – who claim to descend from Abraham through Yishmael – wait until their children are 13 to circumcise them? I am aware that this is a matter of little consequence to our people. Nevertheless, this inconsistency is one that piques my curiosity.
M. Goldman
(Via E-mail)
Why would the exemption of women from donating the half shekel exempt them from davening Musaf?
This concept should be very relevant to us as we, too, should be happy beyond description.
The Holocaust was the latest attempt of Amalek to destroy the special bond that we enjoy with God.
One can drink up to the Talmud's criterion to confuse Mordechai and Haman-but not beyond.
"The voice is the voice of Yaakov, but the hands are the hands of Esav" gives great insight to Purim
Purim is the battleground of extremes, Amalek and Yisrael, with Zoroastrian Persia in between.
One should not give the money before Purim morning or after sunset.
Moreover, even if the perpetrator of the capital offense is never actually executed, such as when the fatal act was unintentional, Kam Lei applies and the judge cannot award damages.
One of the purposes of the ketubah money is to make it difficult for a husband to capriciously divorce his wife.
A more difficult situation arises when there is no evidence placing the missing husband at the site of the death.
The court cannot solely rely on death certificates issued by non-Jewish institutions without conducting its own investigation into the facts of the case.
When the inability cannot be clearly attributed to either spouse, the halacha is the subject of debate among the Rishonim.
The child of a Jewish mother from a union with a non-Jewish father is not a mamzer.
Although the conversion ceremony involves more than circumcision and immersion, these are the two essential requirements, without which the conversion is ineffective.
If a man dies childless, the Torah commands the deceased's brother to marry his brother's widow in a ceremony known as yibum, or to perform a special form of divorce ceremony with her known as chalitzah.
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GLOBAL MARKETS-Euro, shares fall as euro zone recession deepens
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* German GDP drop worst since 2009, France also contracts * Euro, European shares fall to three-week lows * German bonds find support, oil falls limited by Iran tensions * Wall Street expected to open lower By Marc Jones LONDON, Feb 14 (Reuters) - The euro and shares fell sharply on Thursday after data showed the euro zone's two biggest economies shrank even more than expected late last year, throwing a first quarter regional recovery into doubt. The German economy contracted 0.6 percent in the final quarter of 2012, marking its worst performance since the global financial crisis was raging in 2009. Exports, normally the motor of its economy, did most of the damage. Overall the euro zone's 17-country economy shrank 0.6 percent, with France's 0.3 percent fall slightly worse than forecast. Germany is expected to rebound but the figures suggest the bloc as a whole could remain in recession in the first quarter of this year, despite a recent jump in market sentiment as fears that the currency bloc could fall apart faded. "These are horrible numbers. It's a widespread contraction, which does not match this positive picture of stabilisation and positive contagion," said Carsten Brzeski, an economist at ING. The data pushed the euro down 0.9 percent to $1.3324, its lowest in three weeks. European shares likewise fell, with Frankfurt and Milan losing more than 1 percent. Paris and London also suffered heavy drops, and the FTSEurofirst 300 index was 0.4 percent lower. "We still expect growth to return in the course of 2013 but any return of growth will be very small which means that the social impact of this recession, especially in the peripheral countries, will be still a very severe one," Brzeski added. German bonds rose as demand for traditional safe-haven assets returned. Bund futures were 55 ticks higher on the day at 142.60, having extended gains after Italian GDP figures also came in weak. Italy, which holds parliamentary elections in just over a week, suffered its sixth successive quarterly fall in GDP - this time a sharp 0.9 percent - putting it into a longer recession than it suffered during the crisis of 2008/2009. Italian bond yields rose 3 basis points on the day to 4.42 percent while those on the Spanish equivalent were 2.5 basis points higher at 5.23 percent. YEN STEADIES U.S. stock index futures also pointed to a lower open on Wall Street when trading resumes. While European shares are down almost 1.5 percent since late January, the U.S. S&P 500 index hit a five-year high this week, underscoring the better growth forecasts for the world's largest economy. Data from the European Central Bank also weighed on Europe as one of its quarterly surveys showed professional forecasters now see no growth in the euro zone this year, having last quarter expected a modest 0.3 percent rise. The pain is not just in Europe. Japan - under pressure over its aggressive monetary and fiscal policies which are driving down the yen - reported earlier that its GDP shrank 0.1 percent in the fourth quarter, leaving it in recession and crushing expectations of a modest return to growth. The yen steadied after swinging wildly this week following a muddled warning on currencies from the G7 nations on Tuesday. It slipped against the dollar but gained on the euro after the Bank of Japan announced, as expected, that it would keep the pace of asset purchases and interest rates unchanged. The dollar traded at 93.35 yen, roughly flat on the day and off its recent lows of 92.83 yen but still well below a 33-month high of 94.46 set on Monday. The euro was down 0.8 percent at 124.50 yen. The yen's recent rapid depreciation, after years of sharp appreciation, has drawn some criticism from overseas, with rhetoric heating up before a Group of 20 nations meeting on Friday and Saturday in Moscow. "Usually the BOJ doing nothing causes a bit of disappointment, but since there are concerns about the flak Japan might get at the G20 this weekend for the weakening yen, standing pat will actually be a relief to the market," said Masayuki Doshida, senior market analyst at Rakuten Securities. IRAN TENSIONS In commodity markets, oil prices dropped back under $118 a barrel after the GDP data from the euro zone, although the falls were limited by fresh tensions over Iran's nuclear programme. The United Nations nuclear watchdog said it had again failed to clinch a deal in talks with Iran on investigating the country's nuclear programme. "All the discussions about Iran are keeping oil high while it looks like China and the U.S. are growing, which is further supporting prices," Thorbjoern Bak Jensen, analyst at Copenhagen-based Global Risk Management, said. Markets in China and Taiwan remain shut for the Lunar New Year holiday but Hong Kong resumed trading on Thursday. Metals markets were quiet as a result. Copper hit a 4-month high of $8,346 a tonne on Feb. 4, but has since struggled to find momentum with the Shanghai Futures Exchange closed this week. Gold, which has been at five-week lows this week, regained some strength, holding at $1,642.50 an ounce as recent losses started to draw buying interest.


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The favorite (and easy to do) thing our Olaf and his friend Sven have done so far is make themselves a 'ride' on the ceiling fan. DGrD thought it was pretty funny to come in from school and find them swinging from the fan blades on green and red ribbons. Olaf came 3 years ago and Sven joined him last year as a new elf in training. DGrD (8) is already coming over every day after school and checking the fireplace for his arrival this year - she absolutely loves them! I think I'll hold off until next week - it becomes a challenge to stage them - and I only have to do it 4 days a week when she's here. Keep the ideas coming. We've also had them make us cookies(and a big mess), pee green in the toilet, movie and popcorn party with stuffed animals, big barbie holiday party, they always have parades - we loved the shoe parade down the stairs one year - each shoe had a doll or animal, cut xmas pics out of magazines and made a collage, made snowmen out of marshmallows, played with the playdoh (more snowmen), made snowflakes, went to DGrDs house and hid in her Xmas tree to watch her there, built a canned goods fort, drove barbie around in her car. When I get desperate or forget, they just hide. She is begging to take them to school for show and tell - lol - I told her they're not allowed. I don't want any other kids to make fun or ruin the magic for her.
I need all the ideas I can get! This week we found Yelf in the kitchen pantry. He ate a bunch of candy cane flavored Hershey Kisses. My oldest said he was a naughty elf. My 5 year old woke up later and had a very different reaction. She said let's leave him hot chocolate tomorrow. I was surprised and asked her if she thought he was naughty eating all our candy. She said, he can eat whatever he wants as long as I'm on the nice list! This morning they found Yelf on the mantle riding in a red barbie-type car. He had a Santa toy next to him. They thought that was hilarious! Tonight he is going to use my dd's microscope to check out the inside of a candy cane. This guy is candy cane obsessed!
I think tonight Frankie is going to be found in the living room and hes emptied a whole box of kleenex... or maybe on her bed... hmmmm choices Also need to look in the bag of goodies for another advent calendar "prize"
you can print the letter with a curly type font in size 8... it's really little... just elfish size!! We've done this before and it's a hit!!
That is hilarious!!! Hope you don't mind if I borrow the microscope & car -those are perfect for DS! I found coasters that say nice on one side & naughty on the other. I was going to leave them outside the kids' bedrooms, depending on how they are that day. DD17 left laundry in the washer - she may get the first naughty. It's so cute, DS9 is sooo into it. He is leaving notes and asked for our elf to write back every time. DD11 is trying to play it off but then added on the note that the elf can sleep on her stuffed animals if he wants to.
Our elf arrived yesterday and today he made a Facebook page to capture all of his shenanigans!! Dobbie Shelf Elf if anyone is interested. I'm sooooo excited!!! Our elf is doing the same stuff every night for my nieces just none of the girls have figured it out yet, LOL.
My sons are now 12 and 14 and a little "old" technically for ours, but they love the tradition. This year, I told them that dad and I wanted them to do some elf related stuff... I came downstairs this morning to find Elfis sitting on the stove (yes it was off) holding a frying pan. In the frying pan was poor Mr. Potato Head. A note along side Elfis said, "Now THAT'S what I call a fritata!"
Another idea -- AC Moore has this mini pancake pan. It makes three pancakes with Christmas patterns. Think I'm going to pick that up this week and sometime between now and Christmas have Elfis make the boys green and red pancakes in it.
I know this is an older thread, but it popped up when I googled elf ideas... I didnt read through all the posts yet but wanted to share what we did last night for anyone stumped... Jeffrey made snowmen out of mini powdered sugar donuts (donut holes or marshmallows would work too) stacked 3 high.. faces and buttons made with black gel decorating icing, and a hershey kiss for a hat (wrapped)... then he wrote on the paper plate To ___ Love, Jeffrey and put a clear drinking glass over the snowmen to keep them fresh- then used the glass for milk in the morning My little one was so giggly and giddy about that this morning. Wish I could upload a picture- maybe I can try tonight from my home computer Jeffrey will also be fishing for goldfish crackers in a bowl, building a lincoln log fort and decorating DD's dollhouse with special Christmas decorations (mini tree, wreaths etc) this weekend Hope this helps someone... happy elfing!
Painted the girls noses red, (we have a lice issue right now) so today he is sitting with a plastic bag over his read reading lice instructions, sitting in barbies car, playing with the barbies, playing on the computer, stuck in the candy jar. After 7 years I feel like we have done it all already, over feed the cat, built or taken apart legos, made a mess with multiple board games. When there is snow, has gone sledding in Bitty Babies's winter coat.
Thanks for popping this back up! I need to review for some ideas. Mine are technically too old too - DS10 & DD12 but they both pleaded for the elves to come visit them again this year. We are late to the elf game because they just showed up last year. Yesterday, our elves took some glow sticks and hid in a cabinet with them on. I hid the elves last night where they can't find them because I couldn't think of a good idea - I'll have to review this thread for some!
Thanks for the great ideas everyone... some of the things we did.... Frankie.... HairSprayed Died her Dog Green (She thought this was HILARIOUS), Painted her Dads Toe Nails PURPLE (Again a big hit with DD), Toilet Papered her room, Toilet Papered the Christmas Tree, Having a snowball fight with American Girl Dolls (Used cotton Balls for snowballs), Did a COOKIE hunt (Hid prepackaged cookies around the house and found him in the box eating one (She loved the one she found in her coat pocket at school), found upside down in the Poptart box, Gave DD a Photo Book of there Advetnures together (used shutterfly made a book with a coupon I had for a free book had to only pay shipping - LOVES this book told me she would show it to her kids someday), Brought her a count down to CHristmas orenment shes wanted for "years" Halmark (Got at Kohls using my free $10 card I got) Those are some of the things I have done... still have 13 more days to go!!! Thanks for the extra ideas will have to steal some of them as I keep running out of ideas - some night I do better then others....
Let's see... our elf has: * decorated his own tree and gotten tangled in the lights * made his own hot chocolate with an ENTIRE bag of marshmallows on top * tried to brush his teeth but squirted toothpaste all over the counter instead * unrolled tp and got stuck in the cardboard roll * flew daddy's helicopter and got it stuck on the lampshade * rode to church with us (he was buckled and brought his little bible) * tried to feed the cats but dumped over the bag instead * drew himself into the family photo over the fireplace (use dry erase, wipes right off) * packed my DD's lunch but got stuck in the top of her lunch box * did DD's math homework but got all the answers wrong! * tried to blow dry my DD's AG doll's hair * took a bath in the AG doll's bath tub, used a loofah and bar of soap
Olaf and Sven arrived again on the 1st and brought Star Wars crazy DGrD last years SWLego advent calendar (with a note from Santa saying they saved one for her when they got back to the North Pole - I know , I'm cheap - this way they can always bring the last year's calendar and I can pay 1/2 price LOL) Needless to say she was THRILLED !! She has joined in on the elf fun this year - saying "Oma, come see what those crazy elves did when I fell asleep for ten minutes" - I think she's on to me, but she still LOVES it and now there's another little cousin who will soon enjoy our joint elf antics. So far this year, the elves have: =Joined many SW legos figures in flying the lego millenium falcon to the top of the China cabinet in the dining room =played a game of scrabble making lots of their fav christmas words (we are a big scrabble family) including DGrDs name and their names =had a sleepover with the American Girl dolls in their bed and the girls were reading them a book about Santa =joined a new Barbie in her bathtub for a mini marshmallow bath =had a drive in movie on the coffee table with a huge assortment of dolls/toys/lego figures and many crazy vehicles. they were watching a new copy of Prep and Landing. =climbed into the copy machine and made copies of themselves holding little heart shaped signs saying 'i love (DGrD)' 'I love (DGrD) too' Only their little legs and feet were hanging out. Took her a while to find them that day. lol =opened and put together one of her advent legos DGrD is getting a new camera from us this year and I'm going to have them take some 'good bye' pics of themselves on her camera before I wrap it I've gotten lots of great ideas from Pinterest.


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Papers on Climate and Atmospheric Physics
Microwave land surface emissivities estimated from SSM/I observations
Article first published online: 21 SEP 2012
Copyright 1997 by the American Geophysical Union.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (1984–2012)
Volume 102, Issue D18, pages 21867–21890, 27 September 1997
Additional Information
How to Cite
1997), Microwave land surface emissivities estimated from SSM/I observations, J. Geophys. Res., 102(D18), 21867–21890, doi:10.1029/97JD01360.
, , and (Publication History
- Issue published online: 21 SEP 2012
- Article first published online: 21 SEP 2012
- Manuscript Accepted: 2 MAY 1997
- Manuscript Received: 24 DEC 1996
- Abstract
- References
- Cited By
Microwave emissivities of land surfaces are estimated from special sensor microwave/imager (SSM/I) observations by removing the contributions from the atmosphere, clouds, and rain using ancillary satellite data (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) and TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) products). In the first step, cloud-free SSM/I observations are isolated with the help of collocated visible/infrared satellite observations (ISCCP data). The cloud-free atmospheric contribution is then calculated, from an estimate of the local atmospheric temperature-humidity profile (TOVS retrieval). Finally, with the surface skin temperature derived from IR observations (ISCCP estimate), the surface emissivity is calculated for all the SSM/I channels. As an exploration the method is applied to the SSM/I data for four months in 1991 within the Meteosat observation area. The magnitude and fluctuations of the atmospheric contributions are estimated along with the effect of surface temperature variations. Correspondences between geographical and seasonal patterns of the emissivities and topography, vegetation, flooding, and snow cover are analyzed. The potential for using microwave emissivities to monitor vegetation phenology and surface properties at regional and continental scale is investigated, and the possibility of retrieving atmospheric parameters (water vapor content, cloud liquid water path, and precipitation) over land is discussed.