The Gelao nationality is one of the oldest minorities in southern China recognized by the academic circles. However, up to now, the genealogical research of Gelao nationality is still very weak. The reason is that the genealogical data of the Gelao nationality is extremely scarce at present, which seriously affects the development of relevant research. Therefore, it is urgent to collect and sort out the genealogy of the Gelao nationality in a comprehensive and systematic manner. The genealogy research of Gelao nationality will use the following methods: the combination of document acquisition method and field survey method; digital collection method; document cataloging method and summary method; content analysis and value analysis; intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic comparative analysis. The Gelao genealogy research has several academic values: it provides solid data support for related research in philology, ethnology, history, and other disciplines; it helps to expand the research scope and field of genealogy; it helps to promote the in-depth development of Gelao studies. The practical significance of the study of Gelao genealogy: it helps to promote family construction in Gelao areas; it helps to enhance the cultural confidence of Gelao people and maintain the harmony and stability of Gelao areas. Keyword: Gelao; Genealogy; Collecting; Organizing and Researching; Method; Significance Publication date: March, 2021 Publication online: 31 March, 2021 Corresponding author: Hanrui Song, Hanrui@Sina. com 1 Research of Gelao Clan Genealogy: A Blank Field to be Filled Urgently The Gelao nationality has a population about 550,000, mainly distributed in Zunyi and Tongren areas in the north of Guizhou Province, Wenshan area in the southeast of Yunnan Province and Longlin counties in the northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, but most of them live in Daozhen, Wuchuan and Fenggang counties in Zunyi area. The Gelao nationality is one of the oldest minorities in southern China recognized by the academic circles. According to the Chronicle of Daozhen Miao and Gelao Nationality Autonomous County, "Most clans of longer lineage descent in the county have genealogy. Some are called One Family Genealogy, One Family Tree, One Surname Genealogy, and some are called Genealogy of One County, Genealogy of One Family in One County, which are different in name and identical in fact. The content contained in it has the same source, character generation, clan rules, ancestral halls, ancestral tombs, biography, official list, art and literature, and family branch names, etc." Therefore, the genealogical culture of the Gelao nationality is very abundant. Genealogy, also known as family tree, is a literature resource that records the lineage, characters, and deeds of the kinship group. It can be called the "encyclopedia" of the family, with high data value. Since the beginning of the 19th century, foreign academic circles have been paying continuous attention to Chinese genealogy and have made a large number of collections and arrangements. For example, the American Genealogical Society of Utah collected about 17,000 Chinese national genealogies,


We are interested in the construction of the largest possible vertex symmetric digraphs with the property that between any two vertices there is a walk of length two (that is, they are 2-reachable). Other than a theoretical interest, these digraphs and their generalizations may be used as models of interconnection networks for implementing parallelism. In these systems many nodes are connected with relatively few links and short paths between them and each node may execute, without modifications, the same communication software. On the other hand, a message sent from any vertex reaches all vertices, including the sender, in exactly two steps. In this work we present families of vertex symmetric 2-reachable digraphs with order attaining the upper theoretical bound for any odd degree. Some constructions for even degree are also given.


Yarn comprising: (a) from about 45wt% to about 85wt% of the regenerated cellulose fiber, the regenerated cellulose fibers having about 27cN / tex or higher dry strength of the regenerated cellulose fibers contained in said inner fiber a flame retardant compound; and (b) from about 5wt% to about 25wt% of aromatic polyamide fibers. Such as fabric comprises a textile material such multistrand yarns. Clothing such as a shirt or pants include such textile materials. Protection of individuals from infrared radiation generated during an arc flash advantage of this method of textile material.


Marine microorganisms are important sources for novel natural products. Hence, the aim of this study was introducing the marine microorganisms with capability to produce antioxidant and cytotoxic metabolites. For this purpose, ten live sea cucumbers (Holothuria leucospilota) were collected from Larak Island. Then, their intestine contents were serially diluted and treated by heating (55 °c). 100 µl of treated samples were inoculated on Starch casein nitrate agar, which is supplemented with nalidixic acid and cycloheximide. The plates were incubated at 28 °C for 4 weeks and the colonies were purified. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging activity and the cytotoxic activity of the isolates was screened by Brine-Shrimp micro well Cytotoxicity method. In addition, cytotoxic effect of potent crude extract was evaluated against HCT 116 and SW 480 cell lines by MTT cell proliferation assay. A new strain of marine actinobacterium was isolated with maximum antioxidant and cytotoxic activity among 17 marine actinobacterial isolates. The crude extract of the isolate scavenged DPPH radicals with IC50 value of 211.2 µg/ml. MTT cell proliferation assay revealed that the extract exhibited high toxicity against HCT 116 and SW 480 cell lines with IC50 values of 26.48 and 18.53 µg/ml respectively. The isolate identified as Streptomyces sp. strain SC 156 with 98% similarity in NCBI database. These results suggested that isolated Streptomyces sp. strain SC 156 could be considered as promising candidates for antioxidant and cytotoxic compound discovery.


Testing is a crucial part of the software development life cycle that necessitates adequate techniques and tools. On the one hand, unit or function testing techniques are particularly easy and lightweight to use but are restricted to the testing of the external behaviour of a program. On the other hand, testing techniques that use property-driven models of the software are able to test behavioural properties of the entire execution of a program. However these models are often specified in terms of low-level execution events of the program. In this paper, we present the lightweight propertydriven testing platform called BEHAVE, where tests are written as property-driven behavioural models over highlevel run-time events. We validate our approach by testing behavioural properties related to the automatic memory management in the interpreter of the Pico programming language.


High temperature superconducting cable, comprising a tubular support, and a plurality of helically wound on the superconducting tapes on the support thereof, so as to form one or a plurality of superconducting layers, a means for electrically insulating the superconducting layer and a superconducting layer is maintained for a predetermined working temperature of the cooling means and thermal insulating means. According to the present invention, the superconducting tapes comprising superconducting material is enclosed in a metal sheath, at least a metal strip coupled to the metal sheath.


Abstract An interesting result of Ivanov implies that a non-aspherical relative presentation that defines a torsion-free group would provide a potential counterexample to the Kaplansky zero-divisor conjecture. In this point of view, we prove the asphericity of the length-6 relative presentation $\langle H,x: xh_1xh_2xh_3xh_4xh_5xh_6\rangle$, provided that each coefficient is torsion free.


This paper presents a view of future Shuttle cargo operations. Planned and potential performance improvements are addressed. On-orbit operations, performance and experience are discussed with a view of anticipated changes. Current and future cargo integration activities are also addressed. The future Shuttle user is provided a projection to assist in planning and payload development.


A great opportunity of humanistic approach implementation is found in spiritual and physical education of students during the lessons of martial arts. Three main constituents are necessary to acquire the mastery level in martial arts: [1] moral qualities, mental power and willpower; [2] physical condition, strength and endurance; [3] technical mastery. It is assumed, that karate takes an important place in the system of spiritual and physical education of a personality, ensuring not only versatile physical but also moral education. Thus, the priority is given to the spiritual aspect of karate, but the fighting technique is of a minor importance. In Latvia, not so many methods of karate teaching have been developed, which are based on didactic sport teaching principles worked out according to humanistic approach. That is why the aim of this research is investigation of humanistic approach implementation at the lessons of karate with adolescents according to specially developed teaching methods. Eighty 14-15-year-old students, who were divided into experimental and control groups, participated in the research. The following methods have been used: a test "Achievement motivation and Fear of failures", a test "Feelings – Activity – Mood"; to define the development level of physical qualities control tests of sport standards of Ministry for Education of the Latvian Republic have been carried out. The results have been subjected to mathematical processing applying analysis of variation and Tukey HSD test. The results of the research have confirmed, that humanistic approach implementation at the lessons of karate promotes positive dynamics of students' achievements motivation, improvement of mood and feelings. All the results have been analyzed and interpreted.


This paper proposes a rank minimization based approach to a novel image painting. We utilize the 2-D autoregressive (AR) model to describe the image data, and formulate the image inpainting problem as the system identification problem of finding the minimum order system. This problem is described as the rank minimization problem, which is NP hard in general. To solve the problem approximately, this paper proposes a fast algorithm based on the iterative reweighted least square (IRLS). Numerical examples show that the proposed algorithm recovers missing pixels well.


This study is carried out in a full-scale (1.25 t/h) medical waste incinerator (MWI), focusing on reduction characteristics of different air pollution control devices (APCDs) on trace pollutants [p...


Manchu of Qing Dynasty paid more attention to family education than any other dynasties.The main reasons are the following : the ruling class wanted to maintain and reinforce its control,to keep the characteristics of his people,to enlarge his military force,and their children wanted to become high officials in the ruling class.The improving of Manchu nation quality should be partly attributed to family education of Manchu.


The current urban planning is focused on the economic development, and weakens the basic guarantee for security and crisis prevention function. Taking the case of Taiwan where earthquake happens frequently, the paper introduced its theory and framework of urban planning of disaster prevention and refuge. By analyzing the example of Yuanlin town, this paper selectively introduced some typical planning measures and solutions in order to provide references to urban spatial system planning of disaster prevention and refuge in China.


mortality rates up to 50%. It is precipitated by an acute event which disrupts compensatory mechanisms present in severe hypothyroidism. Treatment includes IV levothyroxine (LT4) with consideration of liothyronine (LT3) therapy and management of any underlying stressor. Here we present a case of MC and adrenal crisis due to pituitary dysfunction successfully treated with IV LT4 and LT3. Case: A 55-year-old female with no pertinent medical history presented with two weeks of shortness of breath, ano-rexia, fatigue, and unexplained falls. Her initial vital signs were notable for a blood pressure of 86/60, temperature of 36.3 °C, heart rate of 59, SpO2 of 86 on room air, and respiratory rate of 21. Exam was notable for altered mentation, respiratory distress, decreased bowel sounds, and edema-tous facies. Initial serum studies were notable for sodium of 133 mmol/L (135-145 mmol/L), blood glucose of 50 mg/dL (74-99 mg/dL), TSH of 2.1 mIU/L (0.45-4.50 mIU/L), and blood gas showed pH of 7.27 and PaCO2 of 84.7 mmHg. She was intubated, started on vasopressors, and IV hydrocortisone 100 mg was administered. Her pretreatment serum cortisol was unmeasurable (below 0.5 mcg/dL) and ACTH resulted at 2.0 pg/mL (7-63 pg/mL). Despite hydrocortisone 50 mg q8h, her vitals worsened with HR to 40 bpm and temperature to 34.4 °C. Given concerns for MC, free and total T4 tests were obtained and both were undetect-able (below 0.4 ng/dL and 4.0 ug/dL, We present a clinical case highlighting the diagnostic challenges in a patient with an insulinoma. A 57-year-old lady initially presented with sweating on waking.


These remarks are an accurate and thoughtful response to some of the greatest challenges facing secondary teachers today as they attempt to meet their students' needs. • The volume of information teachers are expected to teach is expanding dramatically, while the amount of instructional time remains constant. • The community's expectations for improved student performance on local, state, and national competency exams are constantly increasing.


In this study, in order to develop low temperature sintering piezoelectric ceramics for LTCC (Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic) multilayer piezoelectric actuator, PMW-PMN-PZT ceramics using and as sintering aids were investigated according to the varation of PMW substution. Composition ceramics could be sintered at by adding sintering aids. As the amount of PMW substitution increased, the crystal structure of PMW-PMN-PZT ceramics moved from tetragonal phase to rhombohedral phase gradually, and MPB(Morphotrophic Phase Boundary) region appeared at 2 mol% PMW substitution. At the sintering temperature of , the density, electromechanical coupling factor(kp), mechanical quality factor(Qm), dielectric constant(), piezoelectric constant(d33) and Curie temperature(Tc) of 2 mol% PMW substituted PMW-PMN-PZT ceramics showed the optimal values of , 0.58, 1002, 1264, 352 pC/N and , respectively, for LTCC multilayer piezoelectric actuator application.


@Knutp3uet Not a new one - make the one we have safe for everybody. We need to change the Surveillance led business model #resetthenet


Abstract As part of a search for novel inhibitors of Herpes Zoster protease, the MeOH extract of the green alga Tuemoya sp. was shown to be active. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract yielded a previously reported cycloartane-3,28-disulfate-23-ol plus a novel compound that was identified as cycloart-24-en-23-one-28-sulfate-3-ol (1). These compounds demonstrated activity against both VZV and CMV protease in the 4–7 μM range.


:

The essential oil content and composition of Salvia fruticosa (Greek sage) plants growing wild in 20 localities scattered on the island of Crete are studied. The results of our analyses have shown a noticeable variation in the essential oil content (ranging from 1.1 up to 5.1 %) and the amount of the four main oil components: 1,8-cineole (22.7 − 64.2% of total oil), α-thujone (1.0 − 19.2%) β-thujone (0.9 − 25.6%) and camphor (0.8 − 30.3%). Discriminant analysis revealed that the variation pattern of the essential oil content and the amount of the four main oil components is geographically related, following a W E direction. Plants grown in Western Crete show a lower essential oil content and their oils are characterised by the predominance of 1,8-cineole. On the other hand, those collected from Eastern Crete exhibit higher values in essential oil content and their oils, besides 1,8-cineole, are rich in α- and β-thujone or camphor. Our findings are further discussed in relation to literature data.


The intrinsically disordered protein α-synuclein causes Parkinson's disease by forming toxic oligomeric aggregates inside neurons. Single-molecule FRET experiments revealed conformational changes of noncanonical DNA structures, such as i-motifs and hairpins, in the presence of α-synuclein. Volumetric analyses revealed differences in binding mode, which is also affected by cellular osmolytes.


The role of formal and systematic knowledge in socialisation into teaching is in question. There is a rising tendency towards anti-intellectualism in different quarters of the field of educational studies coupled with an ever increasing emphasis on tacit understanding and immersion in practice. Socialisation into professional practice is purported to depend predominantly on 'doing' in situ, and on learning what experienced teachers do and far less on 'concept building'. In this paper we argue that the emphasis on immersion in the site of practice as the gateway to an understanding of the practice of teaching rests on an overstated conception of tacit knowledge which misses the crux of professional knowledge. The crux of professional knowledge, we argue, lies in specialised practice languages (Collins, 2011) which constitute criteria of professional practice and enable articulation between different reservoirs of knowledge. Emulating what expert practitioners do in practice is not central to the development of professional knowledge of teaching. In the domain of professional education, the relationship between theory and practice and the nature of and role of disciplinary knowledge in ordering the acquirer's understanding of the practice has occupied research for many decades. The return to this question now has a specific context. Broadly speaking, this context is characterised by a proliferation of policy evaluation research at the expense of disciplinary-based research, an attack on professional knowledge, and a turn away from a discipline-based curriculum to an inter-disciplinary practice-based one. Specific to teacher education, there are increasing calls for pre-service curricula to increase the amount of time spent in schools and to focus students' learning on authentic assessment tasks and personal accounts from the outset of the degree. A common rationale behind these calls is the idea that it is by actually being in the school – in the presence of 'old timers' – planning, teaching and revising 68 Journal of Education, No. 58, 2013 one's lessons, by iteratively being involved in aspects of practice, that student teachers acquire practical knowledge or the know-how of professional knowledge, and that this is key for learning professional expertise. In other words there is an increasing tendency to downplay the systematised conceptual reservoir of teaching and to emphasise tools for practice. In South Africa, this view is expressed in claims such as "experience is the most important bridge to practice" (Henning and Gravett, 2011, p.21) or "the enterprise of teacher education must venture further and further from the university and engage ever more closely with school" (Darling-Hammond in Osman and Casella, 2007, p.35) or that in order to bridge the gap between theory and practice, teacher educators need to develop curriculum artefacts to personalise theoretical work (Peterson and Henning, 2010). It is also expressed in policy work which advocates informal avenues for teacher development (e.g. professional learning communities) and the establishment of 'Teaching Schools (TSs) and Professional Practice Schools (PPSs)' in order to "ensure meaningful Work Integrated Learning (WIL)" (Department of Basic Education/Department of Higher Education and Training, 2011, p.15). Assumed here is the belief that by having to face different modes of school organisations and cope with novel situations, in particular those that are marked by 'uncertainty and indeterminacy' (Schön, 2001) student teachers get access to the 'real stuff' to "the tacit form of personal knowledge" (Eraut, 2000, p.114). On this view, learning to be a teacher is about cultivation of practical wisdom by means of action research, personal observations, field work and continuous experience in the site of practice. With these kinds of tools, it is argued, educational theory can be demystified and amalgamated with tacit theories held by experts in the practice (Henning and Gravett, 2011, S24). Our concern is that more and more personal reflection in and on practice and not the acquisition of theoretical knowledge, per se, is seen to be central to the acquisition of professional knowledge. This privileging of personal experience is very often justified by post-modernist anti-intellectualism in, for example, the position that all theories are underpinned by tacit ideological assumptions and therefore there is no privileged position outside of practice (Carr, 2006) and/or by an overemphasis on tacit knowledge in claims that much of professional knowledge consists of modes of operations that cannot be made explicit by discursive means (Dreyfus, in Selinger, Dreyfus and Collins, 2007). This overemphasis on tacit knowledge is also contributing to Shalem and Slonimsky: Practical knowledge of teaching practice. . . 69 the growing anti-intellectualism in the approach to professional education. In different but equivalent ways the post-modernist project and the embodiment thesis call into question the educational project of formal education. In Winch's words (2010, p.123), the educational project of "instruction, explanation, training and exemplification" is made secondary or in a worst case scenario, redundant. A systematic interrogation of tacit knowledge is, therefore, justified. Our primary aim in this paper is to develop a conceptual clarification of the notion of tacit knowledge, what it is and what precisely the tacit knowledge argument buys us. The flip side of this interrogation is an attempt to address the question of what it is that enables the acquirer of a professional practice to see distinctions and relations in and about the practice, and why this condition of possibility rather than the amorphous idea of tacit knowledge, is key to the development of professional expertise. The paper is divided into four parts. We begin with a brief discussion of the debate between Paul Hirst and Wilfred Carr (2005), on the role of disciplinary knowledge in ordering the practice of teaching, conceptually. In this discussion we foreground the growth of anti-intellectualism in the field of professional education, evident in Carr's post-modernist attack on the idea that educational theory has a privileged position in relation to practice. In the second section, 'the embodiment thesis', we show that in the turn to ideas such as 'intuitive cognition' (Eraut, 2000), 'reflection in action' (Schon, 2001) and 'embodiment' (Dreyfus in Selinger, Dreyfus and Collins, 2007), a different form of anti-intellectualism is developing, promoted by claims that undervalue or discount the role of deductive reasoning in making professional judgement. In this thesis, tacit knowledge is propagated as a strong obstacle to formal instruction. Tacit refers to embodied rules of practice that experienced practitioners use to recognise connections between different elements of their practice, about which they "cannot give a complete or even a reasonably accurate description" (Schon, 2001, p.7). In the third section, 'how is tacit knowledge classified?' we turn to Collin's work on tacit knowledge (2010 and 2011). Collins's argument is central to the view of tacit knowledge we develop in this paper and to the overall argument of the paper. Collins distinguishes between 'what is not, but could be made explicit' and 'what is not and cannot be made explicit' (our paraphrase). This distinction narrows down the realm of tacit knowledge, questions the idea that tacit knowledge cannot be made explicit, and also helps to shed light on the role of collective representations (rather than individual experience and 70 Journal of Education, No. 58, 2013 A version for this section was first written in Shalem and Rusznyak, 2013. 1 Different terms are used by different theorists to refer to theoretical knowledge and in our 2 discussion we try to keep to the original use. Hirst and Carr (2005) refer 'theoretical knowledge', Winch (2010) refers to 'propositional knowledge' and Collins (2010) refers to 'scientific knowledge'. Different terms are used by different theorists to refer to practical knowledge and in our 3 discussion we try to keep to the original use. Hirst and Carr (2005) refer to 'practical wisdom', Winch (2010) refers to 'practical knowledge' and Collins (2011) refers to 'practical understanding'. personal embodiment) in the acquisition of professional knowledge. In the last section of the paper, 'where to from here?' we extend Collins' argument and by looking at social realist positions of professional knowledge (Winch, 2010, 2012, Abbott, 1988 and others), we show that the crux of professional knowledge lies in specialised 'practice language' (Collins, 2011) which constitutes criteria for seeing distinctions and relations in the particulars of practice. Collins' and Winch's analyses of tacit knowledge show that this form of discrimination, evaluation and therefore judgement cannot be obtained from emulating the activities of other professionals, in situ. Intellectualism and anti-intellectualism in teacher


This paper assesses the effectiveness of policies taken by the Burkinabe authorities to protect the poor from the adverse impact of a combined food and oil price shock in 2008. Estimates of the impact based on household survey data and a price pass-through model suggest that these policies were not well-targeted, benefiting the wealthier groups of the population rather than the poor. More effective policy measures, such as a conditional cash transfer system, which is already being implemented on a pilot basis in urban areas, are discussed as an alternative policy option.


Abstract : The advent of the marine gas turbine provided surface ships a propulsion plant offering mechanical reliability and flexibility of operation not found in conventional steam plants. Several problems, however, have developed for surface vessels via this technology. Mass flow rates four to five times their steam counterpart and exhaust temperatures in the vicinity of 950 F have lead to considerable research. This thesis used a computer aided data acquisition system in the study of the effect of mass flow on exhaust stack eductor performance. Pressure and temperature data was acquired via a Hewlett-Packard data scanner and a scanivalve was used to aid in pressure data acquisition. Verification runs were conducted on a previously tested model with known performance characteristics with favorable results. Model diffuser ring geometry was altered to enhance film cooling and avoid local hot spots noticed in previous research. Uptake Mach numbers were varied between 0.06 and 0.024. The eductor pumping coefficient was found to increase from 0.6 to 0.69 respectively. Shroud and diffuser ring temperatures varied slightly with Mach number, however temperatures noticed were lower than those reported earlier due to the increased performance of the eductor.


Cues related to food volume could influence both the portion taken and the amount eaten. This was tested by reducing the flake size of a breakfast cereal, so that as the flakes packed more closely together, a greater amount was needed to fill the bowl. In a crossover design, 40 adults ate breakfast in the laboratory once a week for four weeks. Across the meals, a standard cereal (Wheaties) was crushed to reduce the flake size and volume to 80%, 60%, or 40% of the standard. A constant weight of cereal was presented in an opaque container; subjects poured the amount they wanted into a bowl, added fat‐free milk and non‐caloric sweetener as desired, and consumed the meal ad libitum. Results showed that subjects poured a greater weight of cereal as the flake size decreased (p < 0.0001); the portion of the 40%‐size cereal averaged 1.5 times the weight of the standard cereal. Subjects ate about 97% of the cereal they took, thus total energy intake at the meal also increased as flake size decreased, from 289 ± 18 to 358 ± 20 kcal (p < 0.0001), a mean increase of 32 ± 7%. Despite this increase in intake, ratings of hunger and fullness did not vary across the meals. These findings show that perceptual cues related to food shape and volume can affect decisions about the portion of food taken, which in turn significantly influences energy intake. Supported by NIH grant R01DK059853.


Abstract This paper reports the results of a survey of geography students in the UK undertaking a postgraduate certification in teaching. The survey indicates that many students in their undergraduate courses had apparently not covered topics with which as school teachers they would presumed to be competent. The implications of these findings for college geography courses and for teacher training are then discussed.


[Objective] The effects of periodical starvation on the feeding and growth of grouper,Epinephelus malabaricus were tested. [Method] Periodical starvation (starved one day and refed 5 days,S1F5; starved one day and refed 7 days,S1F7) on grouper (initial body weight 23.97±3.97 g) were carried out. Control groups were fed every day. Daily feeding amount was 2% of body weight. The experiment lasted for 48 days. [Result] The wet weight specific growth rate (SGRw) and weight gain ratio (WGR) in S1F5 and S1F7 were lower than that in control group. The wet weight feed conversion efficiency (FCEw) in S1F5 was lower than that in control group while FCEw in S1F7 was higher than that in control group. [Conclusion] Periodical starvation reduced SGRw and final body weight. The effect was obvious while the starvation frequency increased. Grouper subjected to periodical starvation showed non-compensatory growth during refed period.


3D-based BIM(Building Information Modeling) technologies can be utilized effectively as a means of systematic management of facility information for safety assurance and effective maintenance of waterworks facilities. In this study, BIM models of water treatment facilities that can be used as basic data for BIM-based maintenance of waterworks facilities were developed. Information exchange and generality of the developed BIM models were evaluated by conducting interoperability analysis of IFC(Industry Foundation Classes) conversion models. In addition, the application of COBie(Construction Operations Building information exchange) was recommended as an effective countermeasure to deal with technical limitation regarding exchange and utilization of facilities-related information through current IFC models. The results of this study can contribute to the development of BIM-based maintenance system for waterworks facilities.


This paper deliberates the endurance test outcomes obtained from a single cylinder, diesel engine fueled with an upgraded bio oil biodiesel emulsion. In this investigation a bio oil obtained by pyrolysis of woody biomass was upgraded with acid treatment. The resulted bio oil was emulsified with addition of biodiesel and suitable surfactant which is termed as ATJOE15. The main objective of the endurance test was to evaluate the wear characteristics of the engine components and lubrication oil properties, when the engine is fueled with the ATJOE15 emulsion. The photographic views taken before and after the end of 100 hrs endurance test, and visual inspection of the engine components, wear and carbon deposit results, are discussed in this paper.


The occurrence of a capsular rupture during phacoemulsification is not an uncommon entity, with a reported incidence of up to 5-5% when cases are performed by inexperienced residents,l as opposed to 0 9% when performed by an experienced phacosurgeon.2 Other predisposing factors to capsular rupture include: pseudoexfoliation,3 poorly dilating pupils,4 posterior polar cataract,5 and can opener or linear capsulectomy techniques.6 The management of a posterior capsule rupture is probably the greatest challenge facing the cataract surgeon. The removal of lens matter subsequent to capsular disruption, the need for anterior vitrectomy, and the optimum location for the intraocular lens (IOL), are all problems facing the surgeon intraoperatively, and the solutions will of course be somewhat dependent on the surgeon's experience. Postoperatively, it is important to analyse the complications ofthe surgeon's management ofthe capsular disruption. The visual outcome of these cases must also be determined. Finally, our study examined the prevalence ofbilateral capsular disruption. This was calculated by considering patients in this series who had a complicated outcome in two eyes.


Introduction Up to 50% of patients with acute GVHD (aGVHD) have a suboptimal response to first line therapy with corticosteroids. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is one of the recommended second line options. Overall response rates of 60-77% have been reported with ECP as second line therapy for aGVHD. Factors associated with lower response and survival were Grade >II at onset and number of organs involved. In a large retrospective study of ECP as second line therapy, 19.5% of patients developed chronic GVHD (cGVHD). Previous studies have included small numbers of patients with aGVHD post T cell depleted transplants or Donor Lymphocyte Infusion (DLI). Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of outcomes in 40 patients treated with ECP for steroid refractory or steroid dependent aGVHD at 2 UK transplant centres. The aim was to analyse overall survival and long-term outcomes. All patients received 2-3 treatments per week for 8 weeks after which schedules differed according to centre, cessation or gradual taper. Results Between 2006 and 2014, 44 patients had received ECP as second line therapy, 4 were excluded from analysis as they had received less than 4 treatments. The median age was 51years (21-67years). Table 1 illustrates details of conditioning and GVHD prophylaxis. Thirty percent of patients were post DLI: 5 (12.5%) for disease relapse and 7 (17.5%) for mixed chimerism. Transplant conditioning included T cell depletion in 24 (60%): alemtuzumab n=17, ATG n=7. The median duration of steroids pre-starting ECP was 18 days (range 5-56). Using Modified Glucksberg crtieria at the onset of ECP, 5 patients (12.5%) had Grade II, 30 (75%) Grade III (including 6 with stage 4 gut) and 5 (12.5%) Grade IV aGVHD. Nine patients (22.5%) had 1 organ involvement and 31 (77.5%) had 2 or more organs involved. The dominant organ was gut in 21 (52.5%), liver in 10 (25%)and skin in 9 (22.5%). Maximal response rates were CR 57.5%, PR 27.5% and NR 15%. A number of patients received additional immunosuppressive therapy, predominantly anti-TNF antibodies: 14 patients (35%) (etanercept n=11, infliximab n=3). Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, censoring at last follow up, the overall survival from start of ECP at 5 years was 45.1% (95% CI 31.85-63.04%) Figure 1. The median survival was 2 years (27days-7.8yrs). In the DLI group, the 5 year overall survival was 59.8%. In a subgroup log rank Mantel-Cox analysis no significant difference was observed in the 5 year overall survival according to dominant organ involved: 53% skin, 40.6% gut and 50% liver (p=0.77) Figure 2. The cumulative incidence of death was 57.5% (23patients). The leading cause of death was infection 13/23 deaths (56.5%) followed by 5 deaths due to GVHD, 4 due to relapse, 1 from unrelated causes. The incidence of chronic GVHD was 55%. Treatment for cGVHD varied with 8 patients continuing ECP >12 weeks on a tapering schedule, 2 patients restarting ECP for cGVHD and the others receiving a variety of therapies including MMF, tacrolimus, Rituximab and imatinib. At last follow up, 17 patients were alive, 9 were off immunosuppression (2 of whom had not developed cGVHD) and 8 were still on immunosuppression. The performance status in the 17 surviving patients was ECOG 0= 8, 1=8 and 2=1. Discussion Our study shows an encouraging 5 year overall survival of 45.1% in a cohort with predominantly severe Grade III aGVHD. The 5 year survival was higher in the DLI group at 59.8%. Fifty three percent had stage 3-4 gut involvement, which is a recognised poor risk feature. Infection was the leading cause of death, which is of particular relevance in the T deplete setting. Whilst 55% developed cGVHD, over a long follow up period (median of 4years), the cGVHD resolved and performance status was preserved in most of the surviving patients. The incidence of cGVHD was higher than in other studies but the patients had higher grade of aGVHD at onset, were older and had multi-organ involvement. These findings need to be confirmed in prospective studies. Disclosures Radia:Therakos: Other: ASH travel expense, Speakers Bureau. Off Label Use: Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP) is not licensed for use in GVHD but is recommended in international guidelines as a therapeutic option.. McLornan:Novartis: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Russell:Therakos: Other: shares.


We consider a general linear parabolic problem with extended time boundary conditions (including initial value problems and periodic ones), and approximate it by the implicit Euler scheme in time and the Gradient Discretisation method in space; the latter is in fact a class of methods that includes conforming and nonconforming finite elements, discontinuous Galerkin methods and several others. The main result is an error estimate which holds without supplementary regularity hypothesis on the solution. This result states that the approximation error has the same order as the sum of the interpolation error and the conformity error. The proof of this result relies on an inf-sup inequality in Hilbert spaces which can be used both in the continuous and the discrete frameworks. The error estimate result is illustrated by numerical examples with low regularity of the solution.


The troposphere contains a complex mixture of numerous gases, liquid water and diverse solid particles which undergo intricate processes. Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from anthropogenic and biogenic sources are very important for the tropospheric chemistry and other processes such as secondary organic particle mass formation. Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) exceed those VOCs coming from human activity by a factor of 10 [1]. Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, C5H8) emissions represent approximately 40% of the emitted BVOCs, leading to an estimated source strength of 500-750Tgyr-1 [2]. As isoprene has a small Henry coefficient, its oxidation occurs solely in the gas phase. The formed first oxidation products methacrolein (MACR), methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylic acid (ACA) are therefore firstly located in that phase. Even if the Henry coefficients of the main isoprene oxidation products MACR and MVK are already higher than those of isoprene partitioning of theses compounds into the aqueous phase of rain, fog and cloud droplets and particles was neglected. Correspondingly, aqueous phase oxidation processes of MACR and MVK were sparsely investigated in the past. A recent study [3], however, reports much higher aqueous phase concentrations of MACR and MVK than expected from their Henry coefficients. To evaluate the importance of liquid phase reactions of early isoprene oxidation products for the organic particle mass production, kinetic studies are necessary. Therefore, this work investigated the temperature dependence of methacrolein, methyl vinyl ketone, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid exposed to NO3, SO4and OH radicals in the range of 278K to 318K in the aqueous phase. Furthermore, the effect of the acid–base equilibrium on the reactivity of the two acids was studied by measuring the kinetics of the dissociated and undissociated acids. The measurements were performed using a laser-photolysis laser long path absorption (LP-LLPA) technique. The measurements' analysis confirmed in all cases the much higher reactivity of the hydroxyl radical (k∼109M1s-1) in comparison to the sulfate (k∼108 M-1s-1) and the nitrate (k∼107M-1s-1) radical, with methacrylic acid showing steadily the highest reactivity among the investigated substances. The temperature dependence of the measured rate constants is most distinct for nitrate radical reactions and weakest for those with sulfate radicals. Referred to the two different considered pH-values of the acids, the protonated form reacts slightly faster than the unprotonated form and shows a less distinct temperature dependence.


Soybean is an important global oilseed crop. It play significant role in total oilseed production of India.  It accounted 34 per cent in total oilseed production in during 2015-16. Maharashtra is the second largest producer of soybean after Madhya Pradesh in India. The production of soybeans influenced by weather condition, rainfall and other factors. The variation occur in arrivals and prices of soybean due to supply of output. This paper examine the behaviour of arrivals and prices of soybean at Latur Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) in Maharashtra. Latur is one of the major regulated market for soybean in the state. It is found that both arrivals & prices of soybean have been shown continuous increasing trend during 2005-06 to 2014-15. The highest arrivals recorded in the month of October to December and prices are higher in month of June, July and August. There is no significant correlation found in arrivals and prices of soybean. Key Words: Arrivals, Soybean, Prices, Market, AMPC.


In many modern robotics applications the agents are expected to produce accurate representations of dynamic environments. Most mapping algorithms, however, assume the world to be static. Furthermore, these applications may also require semantic information about the environment. Most popular approaches add extra information as additional layers on top of the map used for navigation, leading to complex, decoupled systems. In this paper we present a probabilistic grid-based approach for modeling changing environments which can also incorporate augmented information right in the core of the map. Our method represents both, the dynamic of the cells and the objects contained in each of them by the state transition probabilities of a Hidden Markov Model. We evaluated the map in different use cases, proving its usefulness for modern robotics applications. The framework is available as a new, open source, mapping software.


The wetland of west Dongting lake is the important component of the wetland of Dongting lake and have typical wetland and ecotourism landscape and wetland animals and plants resources. On the basis of investigating and appraising the wetland and ecotourism resources and environment of west Dongting lake, carry on SWOT analysis of ecotour development of the wetland, put forward measures and suggestions developed, thus realize the sustainable utilization of the wetland and eco tourism resources of west Dongting lake.


This paper presents a set of new substitute variables (α, δ, 0), components for the analysis of 3-phase circuits and machines. Their application to various types of imbalances when studied on a Network Analyser is given. Advantages of these components over others are mentioned.


Ten temporary plots were laid within Triplochiton scleroxylon woodland in Gambari Forest Reserve, one of the major rainforests in Nigeria (Latitude 7 0 25 I N and 7 0 55 I and Longitude 3 0 53 I and 3 0 9 I E) of attempts to assess tree species and their effects on surrounding soil in Triplochiton scleroxylon woodland. The tree species diversity was assessed using the sample plots laid in systematic line transects. In each sample plot, all trees with a diameter at breath height (DBH) above 10cm were identified by species and measured. The species diversity within 5 meter range of T. scleroxylon was shown to be high using Simpson diversity Index, 0.93 with low Dominance of 0.07 and Evenness of 0.85 indicating relative moderate range. The results showed that high diversity of tree species was enumerated in the study area with Triplochiton scleroxylon 36.00% followed by Funtumia elastica with 8.00%. Considering T. scleroxylon species, Plot 10 recorded the highest values for Basal Area and Volume, 3.386m 2 and 468.961m 3 respectively followed by Plot 2 with BA (2.759m 2 ) and Volume (293.006m 3 ) with lowest BA of 0.656m 2 for Plot 8, and least Volume of 24.22m 3 recorded againstPlot 7. Plots 6 and 9 had no presence of T. scleroxylon with Plot 6 having 2.71% Organic Carbon greater than Plot 3 with highest frequency of T. scleroxylon of 2.52%. Sample 2 has the pH of 7.40 which is alkaline in nature as it can lead to the factor of high volume of Triplochiton scleroxylon, soil particles in the study area revealed that sand, silt and clay were in moderate for the growth of Triplochiton scleroxylon. The Nitrogen (%), Phosphorus (mg/kg) and Potassium (mg/kg) (NPK) were well utilized in interaction form by the high presence of T. scleroxylon (Plot 3), 0.21, 3.60 and 0.51 respectively while despite the presence of other tree species beside T. scleroxylon in Plot 2, NPK were not interactively utilized as in Plot 3 with the values of 0.3%, 4.94mg/kg and 0.65mg/kg respectively.


In this work, Cu2Se was successfully exfoliated from foam copper in a Se-rich airflow, and the crystal phase and morphology of Cu2Se can be accurately regulated by controlling exfoliation temperature....


The role of protein- and cell-based urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer detection and surveillance is controversial, and in 2017 these assays have yet to come into widespread use among urologists. Their uptake is expected to increase, however, considering that the AUA/Society of Urologic Oncology "Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer" that was released in 2016 identifies situations for using urinary biomarkers, according to Badrinath R. Konety, MD.


The Rattling Brook gold deposit, located along the Cat Arm Road, is an important gold resource that has some unusual characteristics. It is a large, dispersed, low-grade system in which auriferous sulphides are generally disseminated or present in myriad tiny veinlets. The larger and more continuous quartz-vein systems typical of most mesothermal gold deposits are conspicuously absent. The dominant host rocks are altered Precambrian granites, but some of the best mineralization occurs in altered Precambrian (?) metadiabase dykes and in Cambrian quartzites, limestones and phyllites. The mineralization must be post-Cambrian, but its timing is otherwise unconstrained, although a Silurian or younger age is implied by its undeformed character. The commonality of textures in mineralized rocks, and broadly similar alteration sequences, suggest that a single process deposited gold in all of these host rocks. Petrological and metallurgical studies indicate that free gold is very rare and imply that much of the gold is refractory, likely held within sulphides. The most likely candidates are gold-rich arsenopyrite or gold-rich arsenian pyrite, but more detailed work is required to confirm their occurrence. Geochemical data indicate that there is very little associated Ag, and essentially no enrichment in Cu, Zn, Pb, Co or Ni in mineralized rocks. There are strong Au–As–S correlations, and a diffuse Au–Ag correlation, but essentially no correlation between gold and the base metals. Auriferous samples are also commonly enriched in Te and W, and there is more diffuse enrichment in Sb. A few auriferous samples display marginal enrichment in Tl, but no consistent enrichment in Hg or Se is present. Mineralized carbonate rocks become depleted in CaO and MgO and enriched in SiO 2 as their Au concentration increases, implying decalcification and silicification. These preliminary results suggest that the Cat Arm Road gold mineralization has broad affinities with sedimentary-rockhosted micron gold deposits (also known as "Carlin-type" deposits) or generally similar noncarbonate-hosted stockwork-disseminated gold deposits. These conclusions are encouraging in the context of current exploration in the area, which is based on models of this general type, but there remains a need for more extensive and precise trace-element geochemical data, and for more information on sulphide mineral assemblages and the precise habitat of gold within the mineralized zones.


Objective: To recommend an operation method of zygomatic advancement simultaneously with the transfer of temporal muscular fascial flap, which is used for orbitozygomatic atrophy reconstruction in postoperative radiotherapy patients for retinoblastoma. Methods: 4 cases of orbitozygomatic atrophy in adolescence due to postoperative radiotherapy for retinoblastoma during infancy were treated by this operation method, and with the reconstruction of eye socked. Each case was followed up 6 to 18 months to observe the effects of the operation. Results: The orbitozygomatic atrophy in each patient was reconstructed successfully, with the satisfactory outline form of orbitozygomatic region. The constricted orbit bone cavity and eye socked were expanded. The long-term effect is as good as postoperative. Conclusion: The zygomatic advancement simultaneously with the transfer of temporal fascial flap is an effective method for orbitozygomatic atrophy reconstruction, which has the advantages of synchronization reconstruction for hard and soft tissue atrophy.


Objective To investigate the relationship between sodium aescinate and serum high sensitity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods 100 patients with cerebral farction were divided into two groups randomly.In the treatment group(n=50),the patientnts were given Sodium fj -Aescinate 20mg/d by IV instillation qd.Conventional treatment for patients of both groups was the same except for Sodium p -Aescinate.Patients of the control group were given Danshen Injection,CDPC by IV instillation qd.The course of the treatment in the two groups lasted for 14 days.The neurologic impairment scores were noted down and concentrations of soluble hs-CRP before the treatment and on the 3rd day ,7th day and the 14th d after the treatment .The level of serum hs-CRP was measured by scatter immune turbidity method.Results hs-CRP reached the highest level on the 3rd day and then decreased slowly .The decline in serum level of hs-CRP on the 7th day after the treatment was more striking in patients of the treatment group than that of the control group (P < 0.05).The decline of he neurologic impairment scores on the 14th day after the treatment was more striking in the patients of the treatment group than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions Sodium p -Aescinate can decrease the density of the serum hs-CRP and the inflammatory reaction.lt meas that Sodium P -Aescinate can play an important roel in protecting brain cells and blood ressel endothelial cells.and decrease the inflammatory redion.

Key words:
Cerebral infarction; Sodium 3 -Aescinate; C-reactive protein


The aim of this chapter is to review current practices in the public sector in the light of the debate about competencies within the private sector rather than to analyse transfers from the private to the public sector. After briefly summarising the terms of the debate in France, and identifying the main issues associated with the emergence of the specific concept of competencies, we analyse how the competency-based management approach corresponds to the general principles of personnel management in the French civil service and to a number of innovative experiences in personnel management.


The "Discover" series is a quick guide to learning a new technology or topic. It is targeted to people who are new computer users, or individuals who are generally familiar with basic computer concepts, but who are new to a particular technology or software application product. This text aims to help new users get up and running with the Web browser, Netscape. It gives a practical approach aimed at the serious/corporate Internet user.


This article considers the research and technical potential and innovative activity in a special region of Russia the Kaliningrad region. The authors assess the research and technical potential and the achieved level of innovative activity in the Kaliningrad region as necessary prerequisites for the implementation of innovative model of economy. This work identifies the problems of improving the research and technical potential of the region, the low efficiency and insufficient level of development of innovative activity in general and in comparison to the Baltic Sea region states. The authors also focus on the prerequisites for the development of research and technical cooperation of the Kaliningrad region with the regions of the Baltic Sea and its involvement in the process of development of innovative entrepreneurship. Special attention is paid to the opportunities for the creation of innovative clusters in the Baltic region states.


The theme of my work is unemployment and subjective quality of life not employed. The theoretical part deals with the particular definition of basic concepts related to the aforementioned problems such as unemployment, the employment office and its scope, value orientation and value of work, quality of life or lifestyle. The practical part is focused on the research, the aim was to determine the importance attributed to unemployed people the values that determine the quality of life, and to what extent they are subsequently satisfied with these values.


Prof. J. Lewis Smith, of New York, recommends, in primary bronchitis, for an infant one year old, a teaspoonful of the follow ing mixture, every two or four hours : IJ. Spts. aetheris nitrosi, fjj Syrupi ipecacuanhas, . Olei ricini, aa f 3 ij Syrupi tolutani, f 3 vij Another eligible formula is the following: IJ Syrupi ipecacuanhae, f 3 ij Potassas acetatis, ----gr. xvj—3 ss Aquae anisi, f 3 xiv M. Dose: One teaspoonful for an infant of six months. If there is decided febrile action, tincture of digitalis, one or two drops, according to the age, may be added to each teaspoonful.— Medical Bulletin.


Kagome metals A V 3 Sb 5 ( A = K, Rb, and Cs) exhibit a unique superconducting ground state coexisting with charge-density wave (CDW), whereas how these characteristics are affected by carrier doping remains unexplored because of the lack of an efficient carrier-doping method. Here we report successful electron doping to CsV 3 Sb 5 by Cs dosing, as visualized by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We found that the electron doping with Cs dosing proceeds in an orbital-selective way, as characterized by a marked increase in electron filling of the Sb 5 p z and V 3 d xz/yz bands as opposed to relatively insensitive nature of the V 3 d xy/x 2 − y 2 bands. By monitoring the temperature evolution of the CDW gap around the ¯M point, we found that the CDW can be completely killed by Cs dosing while keeping the saddle point with the V 3 d xy/x 2 − y 2 character almost pinned at the Fermi level. The present result suggests a crucial role of multi-orbital effect to the occurrence of CDW, and provides an important step toward manipulating the CDW and superconductivity in A V 3 Sb 5 .


Internet technologies and mobile computing started to converge to enable wireless Internet access through portable devices. This article represents a review of the main technological, architectural and business issues related to the existing wireless web technologies, i.e. WAP, i-mode and J2ME. It includes a critical analysis of the main assets and weaknesses of these technologies as well as their current status and the trends that affect their market share and customer basis in the foreseeable future.


In this paper, we report a simple solution method to synthesize well-aligned ZnO nanowires (NWs) arrays on silicon substrate with ZnO seed layer. We can control the morphology of ZnO NWs arrays by adjusting growth parameters, such as the thickness of the seed layer, the concentration of the solution, the growth temperature, the growth time and the pretreatment, etc. The size of ZnO NWs will change regularly according to the these parameters, too, for example, results show that the diameter and alignment will upgrade as the thickness of the seed layers increased, and the length and diameter will increase as the concentration, temperature and growth time increased. What's more, the ultrasonic pretreatment of the solution mixture and the precleaning of the substrate in the reaction solution will enhance the uniformity of ZnO NWs significantly. This synthesis technique can be carried out at low temperature, low cost and large scale on any substrates.


T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) became controllable, and the long-term renal graft survival came to be obtained by the recent progress and innovation of the immuno-suppressants. Whereas the prophylaxis and control of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) caused by donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (DSA) are still insufficient and affect the long-term renal graft survival. DSA was classified roughly as follows: preexisting DSA existed in the patients before renal transplantation (RTx), and de novo DSA produced in the patients after RTx. There are many reports about the effect that preexisting DSA gives to a renal graft, and the treatment for ABMR with preexisting DSA is established to some degree. In contrast to preexisting DSA, it cannot be said that de novo DSA are considered enough at present. In this study, we examined the impact that de novo DSA gave to a renal graft in 40 RTx patients under treatment in our hospital. Although there was no significant difference as to the renal graft function in DSA positive and negative group, the renal graft survival showed the tendency that was better in a DSA negative group than a positive group (85% vs. 55%, P=0.0553). We perform monitoring of the de novo DSA positively and should contribute to the prognosis improvement of the renal graft in future.


Background: Coronavirus disease (covid-19) is one of the new types of viruses that appeared at the end of 2019. This virus is known to be very dangerous compared to previous viral viruses, the signs and symptoms of coronavirus (covid-19) are fever of more than 38C, cough and shortness of breath. In general, the anxiety experienced by each individual is caused by knowledge factors. Lack of knowledge about coronavirus (covid-19) can cause a person to panic and worry about his health. Objective: the purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the level of knowledge and public anxiety on the prevention of coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Mojolangu Subdistrict Lowokwaru, Malang
Method In this research using quantitative type that is descriptive correlative, with cross sectional approach. Measuring instruments in this study using questionnaire Zung Self Anxiety Rating Scale and public knowledge in preventing covid 19. The research sample was 171 respondents and the research was conducted in Mojolangu district, Malang City with the test used is somers'd test.
Results: Of the 171 respondents, 109 respondents had good knowledge (63.7%), 22 respondents had moderate knowledge (12.9%) and 40 respondents had less knowledge (23.4%) and for public anxiety obtained From 171 respondents, as many as 16 respondents experienced severe anxiety (9.4%), 28 respondents experienced moderate anxiety (16.4%) and 127 respondents experienced mild anxiety (74.2%). The large value of correlation between knowledge level and public anxiety in dealing with coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Mojolangu Sub district Lowokwaru Malang amounted to -0.345 which showed a negative correlation with the strength of moderate correlation.
Conclusion There is a relationship between the level of knowledge and public anxiety in the face of coronavirus disease in Mojolangu district lowokwaru Malang.
Keywords: Knowledge level; anxiety; coronavirus disease (covid-19


An overview of dermatological diseases which occur in conjunction with oral contraceptive (o.c.) use is presented. An increase in pigmentation during o.c. use is attributed to an increase in the binding of cortisol with transcortin caused by the estrogen component, which leads to an increase in melanin-stimulating hormone production. Sebum production is decreased during o.c. use, which has a beneficial effect in cases of acne and seborrhea oleosa. This effect is most pronounced with preparations containing chlormadinon acetate, which has an antiandrogenic effect. O.C. use can influence hair growth by disturbing the balance between anagenic and telogenic hairs. Androgenetic alopecia is most often caused by preparations containing nortestosterone. Peroral dermatitits, lupus erythmatodes visceralis and similar disorders, and allergic skin reactions have been observed among o.c. users. Porphyria cutanea tarda is generally found in young women in conjunction with o.c. use, which can be related to liver dysfunctions. Vaginal candidosis is also more frequently found among o.c. users, particularly in conjunction with combination preparations. Herpes gestationes can occur during o.c. use, mainly among women who developed it during pregnancy. Progesterone appears to be responsible for provoking the condition. 166 patients who developed dermatological disorders during o.c. use were studied according to the preparation each used. Acne vulgaris improved more frequently among Ovosiston users. A marked increase in vaginal fluor indicated an increase in trichomoniasis and candida mycosis. In all observed cases of porphyria cutanea tarda, liver damage (hepatitis, cyrrhosis, or fatty liver) could be ascertained.


Autologous islet transplantation (IAT) following pancreatectomy is now a recognized, albeit highly specialized procedure carried out in a small number of centers worldwide. Current clinical principles and best practice with emphasis on examining the technical aspects of surgery in centers with significant IAT experience are reviewed.


The purpose of the paper is to describe a XML based approach to the exchange, the storage and the retrieval of bibliographic records in ICONDA ® Bibliographic (International Construction Database). After the studies of existing approaches, we have developed the Bibliographic Metadata Format (BMF) that is based on the XML, and emulates data elements according to ISO 2709. The new format is used not only to exchange bibliographic records, but also to store the records in the database. The article presents a mechanism for the retrieval of XML based records with Microsoft SQL Server.


Detection of cloud drop size from satellite data can be useful in determining areas of potential aircraft icing. Being able to remotely identify large liquid droplets at cloud top can help diagnose areas of supercooled large droplets (SLD). Cloud droplet effective radii (r-eff) and liquid water path (LWP) are currently being derived in near-real time from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data over the continental United States (CONUS) at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC; Minnis et al., 2004a). Comparisons with pilot reports showed that the satellite-derived r-eff and LWP were related to aircraft icing conditions and could help estimate the potential icing severity (Minnis et al., 2004b). Although there have been some more quantitative validations of these products using active remote sensors (e.g., Dong et al., 2002), there have been few comparisons with in situ measurements from research aircraft. Although direct comparison between these two data types is difficult due to a variety of factors including variability of cloud top microphysical properties (Young, 1997) and scale differences, information about the quality of the satellite particle size retrievals can be gleaned from examining coincident aircraft data. To continue the quantitative validation of the retrievals, this paper analyzes two different cases where in situ particle size measurements were collected in supercooled liquid clouds.


Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and provide a speech recognition based query method and apparatus, so as to improve accuracy of speech recognition, thereby improving working efficiency. The method comprises: when it is determined that a received speech of a customer is a non-standard speech, forwarding the speech of the customer to an agent, so as to prompt the agent to perform standard pronunciation; extracting a keyword of a received standard speech of the agent; and performing query according to the keyword of the standard speech of the agent to obtain a query result, so that the agent serves the customer according to the query result. The embodiments of the present invention are applied to a customer service system.


As this paper is concerned with the treatment of imperfect descent of the testis, no detailed consideration of the cause of this condition is called for. In a large proportion of cases a deficiency of internal secretion, that of the anterior lobe of the pituitary, probably lies at the root of the trouble, and in the remainder a mechanical obstruction to full normal descent is present in the form of bands and pockets of fascia or fibrous tissue. These mechanical obstructions probably also account for the condition of ectopic testis. Retractile testes in young children, due to brisk action of the cremaster muscle, must be distinguished from imperfectly descended organs. With gentleness, warm hands, and pressure downwards and inwards along the inguinal canals, these retractile organs can be made to move satisfactorily into the scrotum. They require no treatment. A further condition must be mentioned, that of post-operative retention of the testis; this is due to the contraction of scar tissue following local operations such as those for varicocele or inguinal hernia. It is caused by errors of technique, and if painful it can be treated by orchidopexy.


Background The Covid-19 pandemic caused changes in the population's lifestyle and dietary patterns which are important triggers for migraine crises. Objective Evaluating the association between eating behavior and lifestyle habits and the increase of migraine attacks in university students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study carried out with university students from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, between December/2020 and June/2021. The university students were invited by WhatsApp® and institutional email and then directed to the free and informed consent form and questionnaire, filled through the research management application. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under evaluation report 4.351.573. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. Results A sample of 83 individuals, 89.2% women, 45.8% sedentary, 51.8% gained weight recently, 73.4% had low water intake, 59.0% had difficulty to conciliate and 50.6% had difficulty to maintain the sleep. Before the pandemic, 7.3% reported 7-14 days of migraine per month and, after, this figure increased to 24.1%. 36.1% of students associated food with migraine attacks, the main triggers were: coffee (20.5%), chocolate (14.5%), sausages (12.0%), alcohol (9.6%) and sugar (6.0%). The increase in migraine days was associated with difficulty in maintaining sleep (p<0.002). Conclusion Despite the statistically significant result only between difficulty to conciliate the sleep and greater frequency of migraine, changes in lifestyle and eating behavior caused by the Covid-19 pandemic also seem to imply in an increase in days with migraine in university students. Hellen Maria Santos da Silva email@example.com Edited by: Marcelo Moraes Valença


Based on loop chain, a fast algorithm is presented for decomposing arbitrary polyhedron into convex polyhedrons without adding new vertexes, in which the final number of convex polyhedrons is close to the least. A loop is consist of several vertices that start from one vertex go to next adjacent vertex can come back this vertex, all vertices in a loop is consist of a partition plane. The least perimeter loop chain is selected from all the loops consisted of edges and diagonal edges of the polyhedron, and decomposes the polyhedron with a series of planes consisted of all edges of the loop. Experiments show that this method can decomposing arbitrary polyhedron into the least number convex polyhedrons without adding new vertexes, can process most kinds of polyhedrons (e.g. a polyhedron with a inner hole), and has low cost in calculation. The algorithm of convex decomposing 3D objects has been a research direction of computer geometry for a period and is widely used in fields of pattern identifying, animation and CAD.


The generation and detection of linear, weakly non-linear and strongly non-linearly optical MSK long-haul transmission systems have been reported. The simulation test-beds based on Matlab Simulink platform have been successfully developed. The following significant results have been achieved: (i) BER of 10-38 is achieved for an OSNR of 22.2dB; (ii) At BER of 10-12, linear MSK is approximately 1 dB more tolerable to nonlinearity than weakly nonlinear MSK and 5.5dB more durable than strongly nonlinear MSK; (iii) (c).The sideband suppression ratio for linear MSK is approximately 22dB. New technique for calculation of performance evaluation implementing expected maximization (EM) theorem is utilized.


Surgical reconstruction of tubular esophageal defects with autologous gastrointestinal segments is the gold standard treatment to replace damaged or diseased esophageal tissues. Unfortunately, this approach is associated with adverse complications including dysphagia, donor site morbidity and in some cases patient death. Bi-layer silk fibroin (BLSF) scaffolds were investigated as alternative, acellular grafts for tubular esophagoplasty in a porcine defect model for 3 months of implantation. Adult Yucatan mini-swine (N=5) were subjected to esophageal reconstruction with tubular BLSF grafts (2 cm in length) in combination with transient esophageal stenting for 2 months followed by a 1 month period where the graft site was unstented. All animals receiving BLSF grafts survived and were capable of solid food consumption, however strictures were noted at graft regions in 60% of the experimental cohort between 2-3 months post-op and required balloon dilation. In addition, fluoroscopic analysis showed peristaltic function in only 1/5 neotissues. Following swine harvest at 3 months, ex vivo tissue bath evaluations revealed neoconduits exhibited contractile responses to carbachol, electric field stimulation, and KCl while sodium nitroprusside and isoproterenol induced relaxation effects. Histological (Masson's trichrome) and immunohistochemical analyses of regenerated tissue conduits showed a stratified, squamous epithelium expressing pan-cytokeratins buttressed by a vascularized lamina propria containing a smooth muscle-rich muscularis mucosa surrounded by a muscularis externa. Neuronal density, characterized by the presence of synaptophysin-positive boutons, was significantly lower in neotissues in comparison to nonsurgical controls. BLSF scaffolds represent a promising platform for the repair of tubular esophageal defects, however improvements in scaffold design are needed to reduce the rate of complications and improve the extent of constructive tissue remodeling.


The article considers that leisure is an behavior of people persuring happiness and enjoyment,the leisure philosophy of the Confucionists is built on three leisure elements,which are "becoming"theory,experiencing theory and institution theory of leisure.The article believes,on this "becoming"theory point,the leisure philosophy of Confucianists aimes at becoming saint and wisdom,and its character is automomy,so man gets happiness of growing up from it;the Confucianists are based on emotion principles in leisure experiencing,they advocate that people taste the meaning and pleasure of life in this way,which break away from themselves,society and God;the Confucianists take a social leisure road in leisure organizational system,the Confucian and music as a read line to impenetrate the whole social organizational system,and they make the social organizational system become the guarantee system and social environment,from which man can obtain self-fulfillment and experience enjoyment.


A new type cation macromolecule sour bath thickener was synthesized by binary eopolymerization with AM and DMC.The effects of type and amount of initiator,comonomer ratio,bulk concentration of monomer, reactions temparature and time to polyreaction were studied.The optimum conditions were determined.The results showed that the synthetically thickener which has good tackify performance is a good sour bath thickener.


Based on the notion of securing the group's endorsement, affinity marketing has achieved breakthrough results in terms of advertising effectiveness, particularly in the credit card industry. This builds impact and credibility into the sales message by leveraging the preestablished relationship that exists between members and the affiliated group. Its inherent advantage rests in the mutually derived benefits to all parties involved. While affinity marketing has gained high visibility as a formidable direct marketing technique, its interpretation varies widely. This article offers a framework for delineating the concept of affinity. It also suggests three dimensions of affinity marketing as related to strategic implications for targeting various reference group categories.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of information technology to response COVID-19 pandemic. By drawing on an understanding of research synthesis as the interpretation of qualitative evidence gained from literature review of previous articles, journals, and research. The main research question of this paper is "What is the role of information technology in the successful handling of the COVID-19 pandemic?". From this research we can conclude that during the COVID-19 pandemic there was a clear evidence that technology played an important role in the success of pandemic handling.


Novel artificial soil particles having various possibilities and a technique for producing the soil particles are established, while directing attention to a relationship between the structure of artificial soil particles, which has not been fully investigated so far, and the properties thereof. The artificial soil particles (10) are each configured of a plurality of filler particles (1) having pores (2) and a binder (5) with which the filler particles (1) have been bonded together, and have a self-organizing structure formed by competition between the filler particles (1) and the binder (5). Examples of the self-organizing structure include a three-dimensional network structure formed by three-dimensionally bonding the plurality of filler particles (1) and a lamellar structure formed by arranging the plurality of filler particles (1) in a given direction.


Abstract : In response to the declining retention of military physicians, Congress enacted a Medical Officer Retention Bonus (MORB) for FY 1989. This research memorandum examines the effect the MORB is having on the retention of Navy Physicians. Keywords: Compensation; Incentive contracts; Medical personnel; Naval personnel; Officer personnel; Personnel retention; Physicians; Probability; Salaries; Statistical analysis.


The present investigation considered the role of acute and chronic marihuana smoking, as well as crude extracts of marihuana (ME), on uterine contractions and tumour development. The contractions and the electrical activity were recorded on isolated superfused rats' uteri. Enhanced spontaneous activity and contractile responses were observed following exposure to marihuana smoke. Atropine failed to block contractile responses with ME following chronic smoke exposure. It is suggested that ME contains both contractile and relaxing properties. Chronic exposure to marihuana smoke resulted in appearance of various tumours in 50 percent of experimental animals. This study suggested far-reaching consequences on reproductive activity following chronic use of marihuana (AU)


The invention discloses a novel benzimidazole isomer preparation. The novel benzimidazole isomer preparation is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1-1.5 parts of omeprazole, 1-1.5 parts of berberine hydrochloride, 50-60 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 45-50 parts of magnesium hydrate, 2-3 parts of oligoester beta-cyclodextrin, 20-30 parts of oleic acid and 80-95 parts of injection water. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the novel benzimidazole isomer preparation. Omeprazole and berberine hydrochloride disclosed by the invention have synergistic effects; and the berberine hydrochloride not only can prompt the omeprazole to restrain gastric acid secretion and increase effect, but also effectively reduces the adverse effects rate. The oligoester beta-cyclodextrin is also introduced into the novel benzimidazole isomer preparation, so that the effective ingredients omeprazole and berberine hydrochloride are coated by the oligoester beta-cyclodextrin; the water solubility is effectively improved; the oligoester beta-cyclodextrin is mixed into oleinic acid, so that emulsification of the oligoester beta-cyclodextrin is also further prompted; the conditions of uneven distribution such as suspension or sedimentation are prevented; and the curative effect is greatly improved.


With the increasing environmental concerns, sulfur recovery has become one of the leading issues in emissions reduction. As stated by Blevins, the sulfur recovery requirements range from 97.5% to 99.8+% for gas processing and refining facilities processing 10 LT/d and greater.1 The higher recovery of 99.8+% is required for most facilities with 20 LT/d and higher. Since most three stage Claus plants cannot achieve recoveries significantly greater than 96%, some form of tailgas cleanup or special processing capability will be required for facilities processing 10 LT/d and greater.


CONTROL OF WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM AND RESIDUAL PEST CONTROL, 1996: Insecticides were applied by fixed wing airplane to field corn in the pollen shed stage on 1 Aug. All treatments were applied in water with 1.5 oz/acre Dynamic surfactant. Capture was applied at 0.08 lb Al/acre in total volumes of 1 gpa, 3 gpa and 5 gpa. Penncap-M was applied at 0.625 lb Al/acre in a total volume of 1 gpa. The plots were 120 ft wide and field length. Each treatment was replicated two times and arranged in a RCB design. Corn rootworm (CRW) beetles were counted on five plants in one row, each plant separated by four plants. Five leaves, on each of three plants, were evaluated for the presence of naturally occurring twospotted spider mites (TSM). Four plants in each plot were artificially infested with TSM 14 DAT. Five leaves on each of these plants were rated for mite colonies 21 and 28 DAT. European corn borer (ECB) damage was evaluated 86 DAT by splitting from root to tassel ten plants from each plot. Yield was determined by hand harvesting and shelling all ears from 40 ft of row. All insecticide treatments significantly reduced the number of CRW beetles compared with pretreatment counts to check plots. The CRW beetle reduction was consistent through the end of the season. Natural TSM infestations were minimal throughout the study. The number of mites was significantly greater in Penncap-M treated plots 7 and 21 DAT. Mites became established on all artificially infested plants. The mite colonies were significantly smaller on untreated plants. Plants in Capture treated plots at 28 DAT had significantly larger mite colonies than Penncap-M treated plots. There were significantly fewer ECB cavities in treated plots. Yield was significantly greater in plots treated with Capture in 1 and 3 gpa total volume of carrier.


This paper considers the least-square online gradient descent algorithm in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) without an explicit regularization term. We present a novel capacity independent approach to derive error bounds and convergence results for this algorithm. The essential element in our analysis is the interplay between the generalization error and a weighted cumulative error which we define in the paper. We show that, although the algorithm does not involve an explicit RKHS regularization term, choosing the step sizes appropriately can yield competitive error rates with those in the literature. Short Title: Online gradient descent learning


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel®, LB) is a slow-release, depofoam formulation indicated for subfascial infiltration at the incision to provide local analgesia up to 72 hours after surgery. Since November 2017, LB has replaced epidural analgesia in the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for patients undergoing open radical cystectomy (RC) at UCSF. Reducing opioid exposure remains a high priority. Our aim was to perform an early assessment of clinical outcomes of LB in our ERAS pathway. Our hypothesis was that the use of LB would be associated with decreased post-operative pain scores, decreased opioid use, and shorter length of stay. METHODS: A prospective cohort of consecutive patients undergoing RC on the ERAS pathway was compared to historical controls undergoing the same procedure. Prospective data collection began November 2017. Historical controls received epidural or patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) from October 2016 to November 2017. Inclusion criteria included all patients who underwent open radical cystectomy on ERAS with any type of diversion. Robotic cases were excluded. Relevant demographics and clinical variables were collected and included post-operative patient-reported pain scores, oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) used, length of stay (LOS), and time to ambulation (TTA). RESULTS: 82 patients were included: 30 received LB and 52 were historical controls. There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline patient demographics between the two cohorts (age, gender, race, marital status, opioid exposure prior to surgery, type of diversion, BMI). Mann-Whitney t-test revealed significant differences in LOS (5 vs 6 days, p = 0.002), postoperative pain scores (0 vs 3, p = 0.02), and OMEs received intraoperatively (62.3 vs 90.5 OME, p = 0.04), in the PACU (6.9 vs 17.8 OME, p = 0.04), and postoperative days 0-3 (6.0 vs 254.2 OME, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the TTA (14 vs 12 hours, p = 0.35). No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS: Our data shows that use of LB in radical cystectomy is well tolerated and may significantly reduce LOS, decrease perioperative opioid requirements, and improve patient-reported pain scores when compared to historical controls. Additional patient enrollment and evaluation is needed to demonstrate continued benefit of LB. Source of Funding: None


gloss "faith-based" means by detailing how and what these organizations do. While affiliated with religious communities, Melissa Caldwell shows Moscow's faith-based organizations to be providing logistical and ethical frameworks for doing good that are secular and civic-minded. These organizations are open to all and motivated by a sense of social justice instead of religious doctrine. It is an ethnographic observation out of which Caldwell develops in the introductory chapter a powerful theory of faith as a secular political project that "produces and shapes an entire political economy grounded in ideals of kindness, compassion, and justice" (19). Chapter 2 details the mechanics through which faith-based organizations separate their "religious" and "secular" activities. Caldwell then traces the development of what she terms a "secular theology of compassion" that focuses on assistance and justice rather than doctrine or religious identity (42). Chapter 3 turns towards the social and affective dimensions of faith. It details how faith-based organizations provide a social system that make individual acts of empathy, compassion, and charity possible. Chapter 4 describes the distinctiveness of the faith-based service model, detailing its commitment to smaller-scale efforts that encourage interpersonal connections between volunteers and beneficiaries. By structuring an opportunity for volunteers to make a good-faith effort to do good, Caldwell shows faith-based organizations to be promoting the human connections that are integral to civic life. Chapter 5 examines the religious and secular moral imperative to help that brings a diverse set of individuals to work and volunteer at faith-based organizations, entangling notions of the secular and the religious. Chapter 6 turns towards efforts at corporatizing social-welfare provisions. As donors and regulatory demands compel faith-based organizations to operate more like businesses, the chapter explores how the compassion of "compassion work" suffers. Chapter 7 explores the limits of generosity. It details moments in which faith-based organizations refuse to accept donations or to offer assistance to reflect upon the uncertainties and potentialities of acts of compassion and social justice projects. Chapter 8 then concludes with a reflection on the precariousness of faith. It examines how the uncertainness and tensions that converge within faith-based organizations open up opportunities for civic engagement. Theoretically sophisticated and advancing a novel vision of actionable social justice, Living Faithfully makes a powerful contribution to the study of post-socialism, poverty, and the aid workers, volunteers, and organizations seeking to make positive change. Beyond detailing the social harms of neoliberal reforms, Living Faithfully structures in exciting ways a discussion about the timeless question underlying moments of great turmoil: What is to be done?


The use of the lattice Boltzmann method in computational fluid dynamics has been steadily increasing. The highly local nature of lattice Boltzmann computations have allowed for easy cache optimization and parallelization. This bestows the lattice Boltzmann method with considerable superiority in computational performance over traditional finite difference methods for solving unsteady flow problems. When solving steady flow problems, the explicit nature of the lattice Boltzmann discretization limits the time step size. The time step size is limited by the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition and local gradients in the solution, the latter limitation being more extreme. This paper describes a novel explicit discretization for the lattice Boltzmann method that can perform simulations with larger time step sizes. The new algorithm is applid to the steady Burger's equation, uux = μ(uxx + uyy ), which is a nonlinear partial differential equation containing both convection and diffusion terms. A comparison between the original lattice Boltzmann method and the new algorithm is performed with regard to time for computation and accuracy.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


With the development of economy and society, performance-based fire design is gradually accepted by manydesigners. The successful implement of performance-based codes depends on the reliable and verifiable performance criteria. Performance criteria includes deterministic and probabilistic criteria, but deterministic criteria will be mainly discussed in this paper. The deterministic criteria includes fire ignition, growth and spread levels, life safety levels. Furthermore, safety factors are used to permit a conservative design. At last of this paper, conclusions and future works will be given.


Operating at rates close to capacity has been made practically feasible by low density parity-check (LDPC) codes and iterative decoding. In particular, Luby et al. [l] derived a low complexity decoding algorithm for the erasure channel and studied its performance when applied to ensembles of low density parity-check codes. These codes were d e h e d by their Tanner graphs and an ensemble of codes was specified by degree distribution polynomials A($) and p ( z ) which represent respectively the left and right degree distributions of edges. They showed that for every degree distribution one could calculate a threshold 6(A ,p ) . For all channels with erasure probability 5 6(A, p ) their decoding procedure guaranteed an arbitrarily small decoding error probability. For the Tornado sequence, a specific sequence of degree distributions, they showed that the threshold approaches 1 R, where R is the rate implied by the degree distributions, thus proving that the sequence achieves capacity. Oswald and Shokrollahi [3] carried out a systematic study of capacity achieving sequences. They defined P to be the set of analytic functions over [0, 11 with non-negative power series coefficients such that for all f E P , f ( 0 ) = 0 and f(1) = 1, and 7 to be the transformation


To understand the world, to act on the world, such are undoubtedly the goals of Science. At first glance, one might think that these two goals are inextricably bound. For in order to act, isn't it first necessary to have a good grasp of the situation? And inversely, isn't action indispensable in order to achieve a good understanding of phenomena? Such would undoubtedly be the case if St. Thomas' renowned "adaequatio rei et intellectus" always reigned in our universe. But the universe in its immensity and the human mind in its frailty are far from always offering us such a perfect fit. There are many examples of perfectly understood situations in which there is no possible course of action. For example, there is the man on the roof of a flooding house who watches the water rise to inundate him. Inversely, there are situations where one can act efficaciously without understanding why. As a proof of this, one could cite, almost without exaggeration, the entire history of medication. For example, the clinical properties of aspirin have been known and exploited for a long time, but a theoretical explanation on the molecular level has been only recently proposed. All such circumstances in which there is flagrant inadequation between our possible courses of action on the one hand, and our capacity for analysis on the other, are sources of man's "unhappy consciousness," for man attains "happy consciousness," his full and total realization of personality, only in reasoned action whose goal and efficacy are clearly apparent. The question of man's power touches, then, on ethics. Epictetus understood this at the beginning of his Enchiridion where he invites us to make the distinction in our affairs between


This paper aims to examine the characteristics of Family's scholarship of Seo Myeong-ung(徐命膺)'s family and an aspect of their literary world showing the characteristics of their studies. Seo Myeong-ung is famous for writing a great masterpiece such as Bomanjaechongseo(保晩齋叢書), characterized by erudition throughout all fields of various scientific studies. His studies handed down to sons and grandsons(Seo Ho-soo徐浩修, Seo Hyeong-soo徐瀅修, Seo Yu-bon徐有本, Seo Yu-gu徐有?), therefore His studies made Family's scholarship. Seo Myeong-ung's viewpoint of studies focused on Ichingxue(易學) can be verified in literary works. Seo Myeong-rung's interest in scientific studies led to seeing ordinary objects which are seen in everyday life from the point of view centered on Ichingxue, and a common idea in the world was reinterpreted from the viewpoint of Ichingxue. Seo Myeong-ung, based on Ichingxue, viewed natural scenery, newly interpreted a place name, etc., simultaneously, even expressing his idea of administration of the world. Sea Yu-gu was an heir to his grandfather's studies. The proses of Sea Yu-gu are characterized by 'ejection of a conventional viewpoint'. Seo Yu-gu stressed escaping from streotypes and see an objective subject from a new standpoint to newly find the discussion of administration of world such as humanity and enlightment is deduced from a problem limited to an individual. It can be said that Seo Yu-gu's practices through literatures was those of an administrator of world who had an interest in administration or enlightment.


Background Injury to brain myelin disrupts motor performance and learning, however it is not clear if myelination is modulated by skilled motor practice or by recovery after stroke. Multi-component relaxation imaging can be used to measure water trapped between myelin bilayers which is expressed as myelin water fraction. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of experience-dependent learning on myelin plasticity using multi-component relaxation imaging in individuals with stroke. Methods Thirty-two individuals with chronic stroke (>6 months) and twenty-seven healthy controls completed 4 weeks of skilled motor practice using a complex, gamified reaching task. Multi-component relaxation imaging-derived myelin water fraction was obtained before and after training. Seven brain regions associated with motor learning and sensorimotor function were investigated. Results All participants improved task-specific reaching movements after training. In individuals with stroke: 1) pre-training myelin water fraction was lower in motor brain regions but higher in the cingulum compared to controls, 2) pre-training myelin water fraction in motor and sensorimotor regions was positively associated with learning rate, and 3) myelin water fraction was increased in the ipsilesional (contralateral to the trained arm) superior longitudinal fasciculus following skilled motor practice. Conclusions Findings indicate that after stroke, myelin water fraction is related to measures of motor learning and modulated by 4 weeks of skilled motor practice with the paretic limb. Myelin water fraction can be enhanced in the chronic stage of stroke and may be an important target for upper-limb motor recovery.


The present invention relates to a portable protection which can protect a user and to protect the user's environment. The protection system comprises a visor attached to a cap to retain the visor on the user's head. The visor and the wearer's face substantially define a breathing zone charged by a battery powered fan on the bonnet. A filter element inlet shaped bag around the fan to feed the breathing zone air filter and output filter element is operably associated with the visor.


ABSTRACT A substantial body of research has reported significant associations between children's levels of self-control and a variety of academic and behavioural outcomes. As a result, studies have begun to investigate the factors involved in the development of self-control. The current study builds on this body of research and examines the extent to which neuropsychological functioning and adversity influence the development of self-control from kindergarten to the end of fifth grade. Utilizing data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), findings from the cross-sectional analysis revealed neuropsychological functioning to be significantly associated with the development of self-control, net of the presence of home, school, and environmental adversity. The longitudinal analysis revealed similar findings; however, home adversity surfaced as the most salient predictor of self-control during late childhood. Together, these findings highlight the importance of individual and environmental factors in the creation of children's self-control.


In May 1982, the Food and Drug Administration urged hospitals and pediatricians to discontinue the use of intravenous (IV) infusions of saline solution containing benzyl alcohol, as well as medications containing benzyl alcohol as a preservative, in premature infants. More than 50,000 letters were mailed to pediatricians, hospital pharmacists, and hospital administrators notifying them of the problem.1The FDA based its recommendation on the results of two studies that suggested that benzyl alcohol, used as a preservative in small multiple-dose vials of sodium chloride solution or water for injection, had caused a fatal toxic syndrome in premature infants. The suspicion that a benzyl alcohol preservative was associated with these neonatal deaths was first raised by Gershanik and associates2from the Southern Baptist Hospital, New Orleans, at the January 1982 meeting of the Southern Society for Pediatric Research. Gershanik and his associates described five neonates during a 16-month period


An emergy (spelled with an "m") evaluation of Qianyanzhou ecological station was performed in order to study its progress during 7 years' development, using changes of emergy inputs and outputs Emergy indices of Qianyanzhou were evaluated and compared with those from other countries The comparison showed that Qianyanzhou may be developing optimum use of its natural resources


Objective To explore the changes in nine sex hormones levels in the elderly.Methods Serum levels of nine sex hormones including luteotrophic hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E_2), progestone(P),testosterone(T),17α-hydroxyprogesterone(17α-OHP),dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEA-SO_4),androstenedione(A_2),were measured in 97 elderly by fully auto microparticle chemiluminescence immune assay.Results Serum levels of sex hormones in menopausal women were significantly lowered(P0.001) except LH and FSH,and E_2 levels in 21 women were nearly undetectable.E_2,P and PRL levels of the males were lowered than those of the females,but T and DHEA-SO_4 levels were higher and FSH,LH and 17α-OHP were similar to those of the women in follicular phase.There was slight difference in sex hormones between elderly male and adult male.Conclusions The sex hormone levels in healthy postmenopausal women have significant changes,while those in elderly male have slight difference,providing the normal reference values of nine sex hormones in the elderly.