Two experiments were conducted to investigate the learning and retention of concepts formed from novel visual stimulus materials (wave-form pattlrns). The purpose of the first experiment was to scale sets of wave forms as a function of difficulty, i.e., subjects were shown a prototype wave form and were asked to give same-different judgments for subsequent wave forms. On the basis of these results, sets of ',simple', and "difficult" instances of concepts were chosen. In the second experiment, subjects learned four wave-form concepts with either simple or difficult instances over a four-day period and were tested for retention after periods of 1, 3, and 10 days. The data showed significantly better performance for simple concepts, but neither group showed any performance decrement measured by the percentage of correct identifications over any of the three retention intervals. Both groups did, however, display longer decision reaction times during the retention testing. It was suggested that the results indicated a longer retrieval route for the correct responses after the passage of time. (Author/SW) ! 1.:4H,M1 NI OF HEALTH. 1, A . h &WELFARE Nli .1.411 TOTE OF . Gh RE PRO II . f.` 14044 . I e. .-IPWeNS , wf i'R FINAL REPORT (October 1,1973 September 30, 1974) LORI No. 2643 LEARNING AND RETENTION OF CONCEPTS FORMED FROM UNFAMILIAR VISUAL PATTERNS


The gaseous tritium (HT, DT or T2) is contained in off-gas from research reactors, nuclear power plants that use heavy water and tritium-handling facilities. This off-gas has been usually released to the environment without removal of tritium because the tritium concentration is low enough to satisfy the permissible release concentration specified in regulation. However, as the regulation tends to be strengthened for increasing the safety more and as the generation of offgas containing relatively high concentration of tritium is also expected due to the expansion of the use of tritium in nuclear industry, it is recently being recognized that the treatment of off-gas containing tritium is important [1]. The tritium in off-gas is usually treated by two steps. It is first oxidized to tritiated water vapor by a catalyst and then the vapor is adsorbed in a molecular sieve drier. Conventionally the oxidation is carried out by using catalyst in a temperature range of 150~200°C, which is high to adsorb directly the tritiated water vapor in molecular sieve [2, 3]. And other approaches have been employed to oxidize the tritium in off-gas at ambient temperature [4]. In the experiments, as a preliminary study of the treatment of tritium in off-gas, the oxidation of hydrogen in air is investigated at room temperature by using two kinds of catalysts which are a precise metal catalyst supported on polymer and another precise metal catalyst supported on alumina.


Optical tweezers were used to scan individual Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia cells to determine if the cell death depends on the scanning conditions. Although increasing the scanning frequency or amplitude means greater force applied to the cells, their effects on cell death are not a simple increasing trend, as observed in the optical microscopy. Indeed, cell death sharply increased at particular screening frequencies and amplitudes, whereas other frequencies or amplitudes were less detrimental. These results suggest that cell damage was more sensitive to certain scanning conditions, rather than simply high‐applied forces. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 2037–2041, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The adoption of a product service or support model in place of product provision has implications upon the strategies employed in the organisation and retrieval of engineering information. In order to ensure that such organisational schemes endure over the extended service time spans, the structure of these schemes must cater for all engineering viewpoints and provide the context necessary to comprehend the information content. Traditional, enumerative classification schemes generally cater for a limited viewpoint or perspective, however faceted classification addresses this by concurrently describing multiple aspects or facets of a given document and allowing retrieval to proceed via browsing of a given facet or combination of facets. Faceted classification was first formalised within the field of library science in the early 20 century, and whilst notions of a faceted structures have been appended into primarily enumerative schemes there are few implementations of pure faceted models, arguably as within a library it is not possible to reorder physical documents according to a given facet of interest. Electronic documentation has no such physical restriction, and this has fuelled a resurgence in interest in faceted classification. Whilst the concept of faceted classification as a means of browsing is generally understood; the literature specifying how such a scheme should be created for a given domain is sparse, and distributed across different domains and eras. This paper reviews this literature and proposes a means by which the underlying theory may be more readily applied to engineering design documentation.


Implicit numerical approach proved to be very suitable for solving open channel flow equations especially on large scale domains because of its ability to employ larger time steps and therefore considerably reduce overall computing time. Numerical modelling of open channel flow equations simulating real problems involving irregular channels with variable width introduces the flux space dependency problem that has not been resolved so far in implicit numerical approach. Original finite difference Linearized Conservative Scheme is presented and modifications of flux and source terms are introduced. Numerical flux formulation needed modification in order to account for the spatially variable flux dependency, and consequently the source term is appropriately decomposed. Previous papers analyzed numerically balanced approximations of flux and source terms exclusively in explicit numerical schemes solving open channel flow equations. This paper introduces modifications of numerical approximations of flux and source term thus enabling the use of implicit numerical schemes in open channel flow problems simulations involving channels with nonprismatic geometry. Achieved improvements are presented through several test problems.


Aim To understand the recognition and demand of the urban and rural residents toward traditional Chinese medicine in Hainan Province.Methods Questionaire survey of recognition and demand of 6000 urban and rural residents aged 18~85 years with education level of above middle school toward traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)were made during June 2009 ~May 2010 in Hainan Province.Results There about 94.45% of respondents expressed fond of TCM,70.93% of them would choose TCM when ill,82.59% of the respondents were satisfactory with the efficacy of TCM and 18.52%~58.89% of the respondents were treated with appropriate TCM therapy.Conclusion TCM and its appropriate therapies are the favorite therapy for urban and rural residents due to its marked therapeutic effect,low cost and less side effects.But there are still constraints,like funds and conception,hindering the development and popularization of TCM and its appropriate therapies.Thus comprehensive measures be adopted to enhance the TCM service quality and speed up the development of TCM in this province.


Objective To investigate and analyze the reasons that cause the dysfunction of internal arteriovenous fistula in patients with hemodialysis and the corresponding clinical nursing. Methods 80 patients with hemodialysis admitted in our hospital from June 2012 to June 2014 were randomly selected as the subjects and divided into the control group and the observation group in accordance with the digital method with 40 patients in each. The control group were given the conventional nursing, and the observation group were given the targeted nursing mode based on the investigated true status of the patients. And the dysfunction or loss of internal arteriovenous fistula was compared between the two groups. Results The dysfunction or loss of internal arteriovenous fistula in patients with hemodialysis is caused by many reasons, such as hypotension, use of internal arteriovenous fistula too early,improper puncture, inappropriate care, poor self-protection awareness and so on. In the control group, 9 cases(22.5%) had hypotension,1 case(2.50%) used internal arteriovenous fistula too early, 8 cases(20.0%) were punctured improperly, 1 case(2.50%) was cared inappropriately, 3 cases(7.50%) had poor self-protection awareness; in the observation group, 3 cases(7.50%) had hypotension, 0case(0.00%) used internal arteriovenous fistula too early, 2 cases(5.0%) were punctured improperly, 0 case(0.00%) was cared inappropriately, 0 case(0.00%) had poor self-protection awareness. The probability of dysfunction or loss of internal arteriovenous fistula of the observation group was obviously lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion For patients with hemodialysis, nursing staff should preset the targeted nursing as far as possible so as to improve the treatment effect, ensure the safety and enhance the quality of life of the patients.


Nerve Growth Factor and Some Inherited Neurological Conditions Nerve growth factor (NGF) (Levi-Montalcini & Angeletti 1968) has been studied little in humans but extensively in animals. It can be found in mammals, reptiles and fishes (Schenkein 1971). Its major source for experimental work has been the male mouse salivary gland; but its site of synthesis is not known (Hendry & Iversen 1973). In the laboratory animal it is required in prenatal development and in normal postnatal life. Prenatally, injections ofNGF into the developing chick embryo result in a marked increase in the size and number of sympathetic neurons, and in the size and number of the mediodorsal cells of the dorsal root sensory ganglia. Postnatally, injections result in a similar increase in size and number of the sympathetic ganglion cells but no alteration in cells of the sensory ganglia. Injection of anti-NGF antiserum in postnatal life causes almost complete destruction of the sympathetic nervous system, or 'immunosympathectomy' (Zaimis & Knight 1972). Postnatally, it has no effect on the sensory ganglia; nothing is known of the effect on the sensory ganglia of prenatal injections. Sympathetic and prenatal sensory ganglia are the target tissues of NGF. The cell membrane of these neurons contains a specific 'binding protein' for NGF (Herrup & Shooter 1973) and it is thought that NGF has to bind to this protein in order to have its effect on the target neuron. NGF activity in human serum can be measured by a biological assay which depends upon the outgrowth of axons from embryonic chick sensory ganglia (Burdman & Goldstein 1964). However, the level of activity of NGF in human serum is low and the biological assay tends to lack sensitivity at these low levels. The studies in this report were carried out using: (1) a radioimmunoassay based on the work of Johnson et al. (1971), and (2) a microsomal binding assay based on the work of Banerjee et al. (1973). These techniques make use of two different properties of nerve growth factor, namely its antigenicity and its property of binding to its target cell. The biological, radioimmune and microsomal binding assays were used in the investigation of the following neurological disorders.


The effects of intranasal corticosteroids (INSs) on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis should be assessed for any to be marketed INS. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of fluticasone furoate nasal spray (FFNS) on cortisol production (as a measure of HPA axis function) following 6 wk of treatment with FFNS 110 μg once daily (QD) compared with placebo in pediatric patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). In this double‐blind, parallel‐group study, patients (n = 112) aged 2–11 yr with a 1‐yr history of PAR (6 months for patients aged 2–3 yr) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either placebo or FFNS. Serum cortisol (SC) concentrations and urinary cortisol (UC) excretion were measured over a 24‐h period at the randomization (baseline) and final treatment (week 6) visits for HPA axis evaluation in a domiciled environment (overnight in the clinic). Plasma samples were collected for FFNS at several time points over the 24 h after the final dose for pharmacokinetic analyses. FFNS was non‐inferior to placebo with respect to change from baseline (expressed as a ratio) in 24‐h SC weighted mean. The lower limit of the two‐sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for the treatment ratio was greater than the pre‐specified non‐inferiority margin of 0.8 (treatment ratio = 0.97, 95% CI 0.88–1.07). UC excretion over 24 h at baseline and end of treatment was similar between treatment groups; no patients had 24‐h excretion levels below normal range after 6 wk of treatment. Plasma concentrations of FFNS were generally non‐quantifiable (<10 pg/ml). Results of the current study indicate that FFNS 110 μg QD has no significant effect on HPA axis function in 2‐ to 11‐yr‐old pediatric patients with PAR.


Giardiasis continues to be a significant parasitic disease in the world caused by the species of Giardia genus, particularly Giardia intestinalis, which affects humans and animals in a wide clinical spectrum, with zoonotic potential due to shared genotypes that can affect the same hosts. This protozoan disease occurs in developing as well as in industrialized countries, also affecting travelers. In recent years, multiple aspects in its epidemiology, but also and particularly in the long-term clinical consequences, have been highlighted. In this introductory chapter, a review on general aspects, based on recent experiences, is described.


The invention provides a rice chalkiness measurement and calculation method. The rice chalkiness measurement and calculation method comprises the steps of dividing stuck rice grains, carrying out chalkiness extraction, calculating chalkiness, calculating chalkiness grain rate and classifying chalkiness. According to the rice chalkiness measurement and calculation method, the rice chalkiness is calculated by using a computer image method; compared with a traditional manual measurement method, the rice chalkiness measurement and calculation method has the advantages that the labor and the time are saved, and meanwhile, the accuracy of setting percentage calculation is not influenced by manual factors. The problem that rice grains are stuck when an image processing method is used for evaluating the chalkiness is solved and the accuracy of chalkiness information measurement is improved. The rice chalkiness measurement and calculation method can be used for judging the chalkiness type while being used for measuring the chalkiness and the chalkiness grain rate, and refining a chalkiness analyzing result.


Objective To explore the dynamic expression rule of bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7) and its the role in neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced chronic lung disease(CLD).Methods Eighty neonatal Wistar rats within 1 day were randomly and equally divided into test group(n=40)and control group(n=40).CLD was induced by hyperoxia exposure as the method previously reported.Test group FiO2 was 900 mL.L-1,while control group FiO2 was 210 mL.L-1.On experimental 3,7,14,and 21 days,lung tissue of rats in 2 groups were collected.The expressions of BMP-7 protein were determined by using immunohistochemical method;The expressions of BMP-7 gene were determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR method.The degrees of interstitial fibrosis in lung were evaluated.Results The level of BMP-7 protein and gene expressions in test group were significantly higher than those in control group on the 3rd day and 7th day(Pa0.05),and the level of BMP-7 protein expression in test group decreased on the 14th day and the 21st day,but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups(Pa0.05).The level of BMP-7 gene expression in both groups decreased on the 14th day and the 21st day.But the level of BMP-7 gene expression in test group was similar to that in control group on the 14th day(P0.05),and the level of BMP-7 gene expression in test group was significantly lower than that in control group on the 21st day(P0.05).The score of interstitial fibrosis in test group was similar to that in control group on the 3rd day and 7th day(Pa0.05),the score of interstitial fibrosis in test group were significantly higher than those in control group on the 14th day and 21st day(Pa0.05).The expression of BMP-7 protein in test group was negatively correlated with the score of interstitial fibrosis in lung(r=-0.692,P0.01).Conclusions The expression of BMP-7 increased with early hyperoxia exposure,but as the hyperoxia exposure continued,the expression of BMP-7 decreased,which indicates that the low expression of BMP-7 is closely related to the development of hyperoxia-induced pulmonary fibrosis.


Multipole storage-assisted dissociation (MSAD), in which ions are stored for extended periods of time in a multipole ion-trap, represents one of the most recent and simplest methods by which structurally informative fragments can be obtained. A potential array investigation of MSAD is reported. It was found that the average kinetic energy of the ion was similar to the energy of a single IR photon and the average kinetic energy of an ion during sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORICID), thus explaining the similar fragments that have been obtained using these techniques.

The ion's average kinetic energy and its collision frequency was investigated as a function of the ion's charge, mass and mean free path, the space charge present in the hexapole ion trap and the applied radio frequency (RF) potential. All but one of the dependencies, namely the RF potential dependence, were in agreement with experimental results. The disagreement between the experimental results and the simulation results was due to the rate of charge accumulation depending on the applied RF potential.

Without prior isolation, MSAD is limited in that it does not permit the isolation of a parent ion and the detection of all fragment ions. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) inside a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) cell permits the isolation, fragmentation and detection of all daughter ions. Furthermore the inherent advantages ofFTICR mass spectrometry, higher resolution and mass accuracy, are also afforded to the fragment ions as well as the initial parent ions. Using this technique, all of the components of a commercially available polymeric dye were assigned and the more intense components structurally characterised. This structural characterization highlighted new information regarding the low-energy multiple collision CID of substituted polyesters. Included in these findings was the charge-induced nature of the 1,4-H rearrangement, the participation of amino groups in the fragmentation mechanisms the collisional ring opening of a cyclic polymer.

The two previous techniques involve collisions with neutral atoms to increase the internal energy (vibrational) of the ion to obtain the structurally informative fragments. In a similar manner, the fragments obtained after electronic excitation provide a powerful tool with which the electronic structure of molecules can be studied. An ion imaging study of HCI (2+ 1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionisation (REMPI) revealed new predissociation channels, an electronic-vibrational-rotational state dependence of the angular distribution of the fragments and vibrational state dependent HCI+ photodissociation. The additional predissociation channels continued the pseudoRydberg continuum of the superexcited states responsible for the previously detected predissociation channels. The complicated angular distribution behavior of the fragments is thought to reflect the diabatic state character of the resonant state, which then determines which superexcited states are accessible.


In this research, we develop a recommender system based on Ritsumeikan Art Research Center (ARC) database, which stores a large amount of the digital version of ancient Japanese paintings (like Ukiyo-e). This database is often used by experts in related areas, but rarely used by novices, especially foreigners. Since the precious ancient Japanese paintings are also popular overseas, we are trying to build a recommender system that can be used easily for foreigners. This system can avoid the difficulty of searching items with keywords, which are only known by experts who understand Japanese. Therefore, even a new user can obtain his/her interested paintings. When a user comes to this system, he/she selects his/her interests among some displayed prints at the beginning. Then, with the use of recommender system, the system can find the Top-N interesting images to the user. At this time, we conduct a recommender system on the digital archive of ancient Japanese paintings for non-Japanese users. We are also looking forward to applying this system to other digital archives in the future. This can help an individual getting access to the global knowledge. Keyword Japanese ancient painting, Recommender system, Digital archive


This paper presents a new framework to calculate the continuous brain blood vessel skeleton curve of binary images and gray-scale images. The main idea of the method is: the minimum cost path between any two skeleton points is a skeleton line. Algorithm using two different intermediate functions, one is Euclidean distance field and another is deformed gradient vector flow, gained two different energy function respectively proportional to them. The topology nodes from first energy function control the shape of the object, and the second one control skeleton extraction using topology nodes as the source points. Experiment and analysis can verify the validity and robustness of this method, and not sensitive to the boundary noise.


This paper presents a technique for motion planning which is capable of planning trajectories for a large number of nonholonomic robots. The robots plan within a two dimensional environment that consists of stationary/moving obstacles, and fixed boundaries. Each robot uses randomized motion planner techniques based on Probabilistic Road Maps (PRM's) to construct it's own trajectory that is free of collisions with moving obstacles and other robots. The randomized motion planner allows easy integration of the robots nonholonomic constraint into the planning so that only kinematically consistent plans are constructed. It is important to include this constraint in the planning problem since the majority of planetary surface robots are nonholonomic. The speed of the road map construction allows planning in real-time, enabling the robot to maneuver safely in a dynamic environment. Communication between robots is infrequent since robots only communicate on a "need to know basis". To verify the planner's effectiveness, it was tested using both simulation and experiment.


The fluorescence spectra of 9-anthrol during the sol−gel−xerogel transitions of 13 systems containing different silicon and aluminum ratios and catalysts have been observed at a constant temperature (300 K) as a function of the sol−gel reaction time. Fluorescence decay curves for typical xerogel samples also have been observed. 9-Anthrol in the sol−gel systems showed four different fluorescence bands originating from the hydrogen-bonded, the complex, the ion pair, and the anion form species. Continuous light irradiation of the xerogels at 360 nm led to an increase in the fluorescence at 480 nm. These findings indicate that anthrone transforms to 9-anthrol by the photoinduced intermolecular proton transfer in these matrixes. The most effective and remarkable tautomerization occurred in the Si:Al = 90:10 system, and it was concluded that this photochromic behavior occurs by the photoinduced proton transfer from a proton at the surface Bronsted acid site on the −O−Si−O−Al−O− network to the anthrone molecule.


Objective To find out psychoneurosis hospital nurses depersonalization and correlative pressure sources in job burnout.Methods A total of 279 nurses from psychoneurosis hospitals were investigated with CMBI( Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory) and self-designed questionnaire and then the data were analyzed and processed.Results The positive rate of depersonalization of the subjects was 33.92% ,among them 77.05% was for moderate burnout and 100% for high burnout.The significant correlations among the five pressure sources were following; stress of patients in working,workmate relationship in job environment,new-tech demands in development,care for the old in family and of lack of energy.Conclusions Nurse depersonalization in job burnout indeed exists and should give positive interposition and attendance both collectively and individually so as to heighten their awareness of forecasting and solving depersonalization in job bumout and ensure the safety of nurses and the patients they serve.

Key words:
Psychiatric Department, Hospital;  Job bumout; Depersonalization; Pressure sources


Bladder lesions in pregnancy are rare. Whilst the majority represent benign pathology, concern remains regarding a malignant process in the absence of direct visualization or histopathology. In these circumstances, investigation or intervention may risk miscarriage or premature delivery. We discuss the implications of an incidental bladder lesion identified in a 37 year-old pregnant female.


In both the higher plant and bacterial systems, ozide appears to be a highly efficient mutagen with some apparently rather unique properties. However, its mechanism in vivo is not yet clear. Results are reported from studies on the effects of azide administered at fixed intervals to barley seedlings. Effects on DNA synthesis and chromosomes were studied. The effects of azide on chromosomes in cultured human lymphocytes were also studied.


This paper considers a discrete-time Geo/G/1queue with exhaustive service policy and single vacation in which the customs who arrive during server vacation enter the system with probability θ(θ θ ≤ 1).By introducing the server busy period and using the total probability decomposition technique,we study the transient and equilibrium properties of the queue length from the beginning of the any initial state,obtain both the recursion expressions of the z-transformation of the transient queue length distribution at any time n and the recursion expressions of the steady state queue length distribution,and the stochastic decomposition of the queue length at a random point in equilibrium.Finally,by numerical examples,we discuss the sensitivity of the steady state queue length distribution towards system parameters,and illustrate the important value of the expressions of the steady state queue length distribution for calculating conveniently in the system capacity design.


ion: a) The long-term to permanent removal of surface flow from the channel; b) A simple type of stream capture. Accretion: a) A process of accumulation by flowing water, whether of silt, sand, pebbles, etc.; b) Channel-flow; the gradual increase in the flow of a stream due to influent seepage. Aggradation: The geologic process by which stream beds, floodplains, and the bottoms of other water bodies are raised in elevation by the deposition of material eroded and transported fr om othe areas. It is the opposite of degradation. Alkalinity: A measure of the power of a solution to neutralize hydrogen ions (H ) usually + expressed as mg/l CaCO . 3 Alluvial stream: Named after the silts, clays, sands, and gravels of river origin that compose their bed, banks, and floodplains, alluvial streams are characterized by a distinctive S-shaped channel pattern that is free to shift slowly (meander) in the valley. Repeated bank cavings do not widen th e channel as they do in erodible bed streams. Alluvial streams have their bed material s conveyed from upstream, and they tend to be large. Alluvium: A general term for all deposits resulting directly or indirectly from the s ediment transport of streams, thus including the sediments laid down in riverbeds, floodplains, lakes, fans and estuaries. Anchor ice: Ice formed below the surface of a stream, on the stream bed or upon a submerged body or structure. CALIFORNIA SALMONID STREAM HABITAT RESTORATION MANUAL GLOSSARY FEBRUARY, 1998 Q-3 Apparent velocity: The rate of flow of subsurface water through the substrate, expressed as the volume of water flowing per unit of time through a unit area (of solids plus v oids). Also called interstitial velocity. Armoring: a) The formation of an erosion-resistant layer of relatively large particle s on the surface of the stream bed which resists degradation by water currents, resulting from removal of finer particles by erosion; b) The application of various materials to protect str am banks from erosion. Attribute: See Habitat component. Bank: See Stream bank. Bank storage: Infiltration of water into stream bank material during periods of h igh flow. Bankfull discharge: The discharge corresponding to the stage at which the flood plain of a particular stream reach begins to be flooded. The point at which bank overflow begi ns. Bankfull stage: Corresponds to the discharge at which channel maintenance is most effective, that is, the discharge at which moving sediment, forming or removing bars, for ming or changing bends and meanders, and generally doing work that results in the average morphologic characteristics o f channels. The bankfull stage is the most effective or is the dominate channel-forming f low, and has a recurrence interval of 1.5 years. (Dunne & Leopold, 1978). Bar: a) A ridge-like accumulation of sand, gravel, or other alluvium material formed in the channel, along the banks, or at the mouth of a stream where a decrease in velocity induces deposition; b) An alluvial deposit of sand, gravel, or other material, at the mouth of t he stream or at any point in the stream itself which obstructs flow and induces depositions. Cham berlain (1980) gives a description of bar types as follows: braiding pattern of river bars with numerous interconnected small channels . diamond/braiding multiple diamond-shaped interconnected mid-channel bars characteristic of braided rivers. dunes wave-like bed form common in relatively active sand bed channels. islands bars or land segments within the stream channel that are relatively stable, usually vegetated, and normally surrounded by water. junction bar a bar formed at the junction of two streams, usually because sediment transported by a tributary is deposited in the slower-moving water of the main stream. CALIFORNIA SALMONID STREAM HABITAT RESTORATION MANUAL GLOSSARY FEBRUARY, 1998 Q-4 lee bar a bar caused by eddies and lower current velocities and formed in the lee of large immovable objects such as boulders or logs. mid-channel bar bar found in the mid-channel zone, not extending completely across the channel. point bar bar found on the island of meander bends. side bar bar located at the side of a river channel, usually associated with the inside of slight curves. transverse bar bar that extends diagonally across the full width of the active stream channel. Basin: See Drainage area. Beaded Stream: A stream consisting of a series of small pools or lakes connected by short stream segments; eg., a stream commonly found in a region of paternoster lakes or an area underlain by permafrost. Bedload: Sediment moving on or near the stream bed and frequently in contact with it. Bedload discharge: The quantity of bed load passing a given point in a unit of time, expressed as dry weight. Bed roughness: A measure of the irregularity of stream bed materials as they contribute to resistance to flow. Commonly measured in terms of Manning's roughness coefficient. Benthos: Organisms living on or within a stream's substrate. Berm: A levee, shelf, ledge or bench along a stream bank that may extend laterally into the channel to partially obstruct the flow, or parallel to the flow to contain t he flow within its stream banks. May be natural or man-made. Biomass: a) The weight of a taxon or taxa per unit of stream surface; b) Amount of substance in a population, expressed in material units, such as living or wet weight, dr y weight, ash-free weight, nitrogen content, etc.; also called standing crop. Bog: A wetland comprised of in-situ accumulations of poorly to moderately decomposed peat that are derived chiefly from sphagnum mosses. The water is acidic. Bole: See large organic debris. Boulder: Stream substrate particle larger than 256 mm (10 inches) in diameter. See Substrate particle size table. CALIFORNIA SALMONID STREAM HABITAT RESTORATION MANUAL GLOSSARY FEBRUARY, 1998 Q-5 Braided: A stream that divides into a interlacing or tangled network of several branching and reunited channels separated from each other by branch islands or channel bars. Buffer strip: Vegetation strip left intact along a stream or lake after logging. Canopy: The overhead branches and leaves of stream-side vegetation. Canopy cover: The vegetation that projects over the stream. Can arbitrarily be divided into two levels: Crown cover is more than three feet (1 m) above the water surface. Ov rhang cover is less than three feet (1 m) above the water surface. Canopy density: The percentage of the stream covered by the canopy of plants, sometimes expressed by species. Carrying capacity: The maximum average number or biomass of organisms or a given species that can be sustained on a long term basis under a given flow regime by a stream or stream reach. Catchment area: See Drainage area. Channel: A natural or artificial waterway of perceptible extent that periodically or conti nuously contains moving water. It has a definite bed and banks which serve to confine the water. Channelization: Straightening of a stream or the dredging of a new channel to which the stream is diverted. Channel pattern: The configuration of a stream as seen from above. Described in terms of its relative curvature, it includes: straight: Very little curvature within the reach. sinuous: Slight curvature within a belt of less than approximately two channel widt hs. irregular: No repeatable pattern. irregular meander: A repeated pattern vaguely present in the channel plan. The angle between the channel and the general valley trend is less than 90 degrees. regular meander: Characterized by a clearly repeated pattern. tortuous meander: A more or less repeated pattern characterized by angles greater than 90 degrees. Channel stability: A measure of the resistance of a stream to erosion that determines how well a stream will adjust to and recover from changes in flow or sediment transp ort. CALIFORNIA SALMONID STREAM HABITAT RESTORATION MANUAL GLOSSARY FEBRUARY, 1998 Q-6 Channel width: The horizontal distance along a transect line from bank to bank at the high water marks, measured at right angles to the direction of flow. Multiple channel widths are summed t o represent total channel width. Checkdam: A small dam designed to retard the flow of water and sediment in a channel, used especially for controlling soil erosion. Also used in channels to divert intra gravel water toward surface water for interchange of dissolved gases. Climatic year: A continuous 12-month period during which a complete annual cycle occurs. The USGS uses the period October 1 to September 30 in the publication of its records of streamflow. Also called a water year. Cobble: Stream substrate particles between 64 and 256 mm (2.5 and 10 inches) in diameter. Syn: Rubble. See Substrate particle size table. Colluvium: A general term for loose deposits of soil and rock moved by gravity; e.g. talus. Community indicators: See Biological indices. Competence: The maximum size of particle that a stream can carry. This is governed by water velocity. Conductivity: A measure of the ability of a solution to carry an electrical current depe n nt on the total concentration of ionized substances dissolved in the water. Consumptive use of water: Occurs when water is taken from a stream and not returned. Cover: Anything that provides protection from predators or ameliorates adverse conditions of streamflow and/or seasonal changes in metabolic costs. May be instream cover, turbulence, an d/or overhead cover, and may be for the purpose of escape, feeding, hiding, or resting. Cross-sectional area: The area of a stream, channel, or waterway opening, usually taken perpendicular to the stream centerline. Debris: Material scattered about or accumulated by either natural processes or human influences. Debris jam: Log jam. Accumulation of logs and other organic debris. Debris loading: The quantity of debris located within a specific reach of stream channel, due to natural processes or human activities. Degradation: The geologic process by whic


To improve the operation security and stability of power systems, the distribution-level synchrophasor measurement techniques have been developed rapidly. However, the signals in distribution systems are heavily corrupted by noise which will deteriorate synchrophasor measurement accuracy. This paper preliminarily investigates the noise in distribution systems according to the field measurement results. Then the two-stage noise filtering method is proposed based on the median filter and mean filter. According to the additive problem caused by median filter, the corresponding compensation coefficients are derived. Finally, numerical tests verify the effectiveness of the proposed filtering and compensation method under different conditions.


The eigenvalue problem of Kuo governing the linear stability of a parallel zonal flow of an inviscid incompressible fluid on a β-plane is treated in this paper. First, a synthesis of the known properties of the normal modes is presented, as a short summary. The rest of the paper is a study of the properties of one of the classes of stable modes, namely Rossby waves modified by the basic shear. These modes are found as the solution of the inverse of a regular Sturm–Liouville problem. Several asymptotic results for small and for increasing values of the basic shear (i.e. equivalently for large and decreasing values of β) are found for quite general velocity profiles. These are illustrated by some numerical calculations of the wave characteristics for a few particular basic velocity profiles.


Force-based design (FBD), of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to seismic loads, suffers from many problems such as the assumed stiffness of the different structural elements, inappropriate Rfactor, and others. These problems resulted in the need for an alternative design approach, which lead to the introduction of the performance based design (PBD) [1]. The Direct Displacement-Based Design (DDBD) which is the subject of this paper is based on (PBD). This method is characterized by its clear procedures which can be applied to different types of structures. The (DDBD) gives accurate solution for a certain category of structures since the damage of different structural elements is related to the maximum strain at these elements. The objective of this paper is to apply (DDBD) on different reinforced concrete frame buildings. The base shear force calculated by (DDBD) are compared with those calculated by (FBD) that is defined in the Euro-Code (EC8). Three computer programs have been used in analysis of the studied buildings to perform a pushover analysis and to get the displaced shape corresponding to the drift limit at the first floor. The results of the analysis show that the (DDBD) is more suitable for moment resisting frame type buildings with number of storeys more than 8 subjected ground accelerations exceeding 0.5 g.


To the question of crazing of road bank and slide of roadbed on the Xuzhou Lianyungang soft soil foundation expressway in Jiangsu province, this paper provides a profound analysis on the geological condition of hydrology engineering in the area, soft soil distributing regularity, property of its distribution and mechanic behaviors of soft soil layers on some typical parts of the expressway construction, proposing that the problem might be mainly resulted from inhomogeneous distribution of thick and thin soft soil layers in vertical section and the great differences between designed targets which have brought about geological hazards and soft soil foundation on the coastwise expressway construction. By comprehensively comparing with the geological hazards on soft soil foundation coastwise expressway construction and summing up application of feasible means in prospecting soft soil foundation on expressway construction, it is suggested that target designing of prospecting can be determined according to the cross board and on the spot CPT experiment.


Road traffic noise has considerable negative health, social and economic impacts. Apart from technical improvements, targeting the behavior of individual drivers is a further strategy to reduce noise. However, a sound theoretical foundation upon which to design individual-based interventions is needed. This contribution will show how the results of a project that was designed to identify benefits and barriers of low-noise traffic behaviors (specifically Eco-driving and buying low-noise tires) are used as a basis to develop innovative and tailored interventions by means of workshops. These workshops are the final step of the project part that had (1) elaborated a theory-based stage model describing behavior change from the first awakening of problem awareness to the implementation and consolidation of a new, low-noise behavior, (2) substantiated this theoretical framework by means of qualitative interviews, and (3) tested the model with an online survey to identify the intervention potential of the different behavioral predictors. Element of innovative interventions that are based on the results of these previous steps and targeted to specific behaviors and behavioral predictors will be outlined.


This presentation dealt with the contribution that ICT has, over the last 4 decades, made to the arts and humanities.


Hamsters are a commonly owned exotic pet, with a range of species available. As one of the larger and more docile species, Syrian hamsters are commonly presented for a variety of reasons – skin conditions being one. Skin disease in these animals can be the result of multiple causes, from endoparasites, endocrine diseases to cutaneous neoplasia. Skin tumours in hamsters, however, are not common (Harvey, 1995), but, when they do occur, epitheliotropic lymphoma is the second most common cutaneous neoplasm (Harvey et al, 1992) – most often occurring in older hamsters (Paterson, 2006; Hoppmann and Barron, 2007). A multitude of clinical signs can be noted by the client, from anorexia, lethargy, alopecia, pruritis and infected encrustations (Paterson, 2006; Hoppmann and Barron, 2007). This article will discuss the presentation, diagnosis and outcome of an adult Syrian hamster that presented with anorexia, alopecia and severe dermal scaling. A two-year-old male Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) presented with a two-month history of progressively worsening alopecia, pruritus, erythema and severe epithelial scaling over the majority of its body. During the seven days prior to presentation the owner had reported anorexia and an increase in lethargy in the hamster. The owner also reported vocalisation when being handled and the hamster had bitten on numerous occasions, which was unusual. When discussing the clinical history, it was noted the hamster was fed a good, balanced diet and housed well. Other hamsters in the household did not show any clinical symptoms that matched the presenting


VPN technology is the use of the knowledge of cryptography in the open and public network to establish a virtual private network. IPSec VPN and SSL VPN are two kinds of VPN technology and products used in most cases currently. IPSec VPN operates at the network layer, SSL VPN works in secure sockets layer. SSL VPN uses a series of cryptographic techniques, including symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, digital signatures, digital certificates, as well as message digest algorithm. This article analyzes the principle of VPN technology and the SSL protocol. I proposed a solution of VPN gateway based on the SSL protocol.


In the five diaphragms to one button operable five direction key operating device key, and 5 the first contact (1) a respective diaphragm contacts are arranged the diaphragm (4) in response to the direction key, which is installed in a cross-like and, the configuration was one surrounds the contact 1 with the second contact (2) by extending the strip-like contact portion (3a~3b) on the opposite side of the first contact. Thus, by such construction and arrangement, the reduction in the installation space of the diaphragm contacts, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the entire device. Further, the five pusher portions 126 on key core face opposed to the diaphragms 5 on the printed circuit board of the key base (127) is installed.


Theories on neodemocratic construction and socialistic elementary stage are the significant theoretical achievements of the CPC in seeking the way of socialistic development in China.Both of them raise problems of owership in common.However,the theory on elementary stage is not the simple return of that on neodemocratic construction,it surpasses the latter instead.Because it is established on modern socialistic concept and the right mastery of relationship between socialism and capitalism with modern market economy as its background and aim.Thus,it has great significance in developing the socialism of Chinese style.


The paper focused on the processing of the free face, and it figured out a new method that is six-axis grinder NC system. Through such grinder NC system, the free face of blade can gain the high precision and efficiency of processing. The paper also promoted the NC system through added a module into the traditional NC system. With such module, the NC system can exchange data with CAD platform efficiently, and it is easy to move the NC system from one CAD platform to another one also. This special promotion will spread the application of grinder NC system.


Pure and N-doped titanium oxide nanotubes (TiO2nt) were manufactured by anodization of sputtered Ti thin films on a Si (100) substrate. Both solid state contacts and electrolyte contacts were used to investigate the properties of TiO2nt. Mott−Schottky analysis gave a flat-band potential Efb = −0.57 V vs Ag/AgCl for pure TiO2nt and Efb = −0.22 V vs Ag/AgCl for N-doped TiO2nt. The charge carrier density was ND = 6.7 × 1020 cm−3 for pure TiO2nt and ND = 3.9 × 1020 for N-doped TiO2nt. This corresponds to 1.1% oxide ion vacancies in pure TiO2nt. In nitrogen-doped TiO2nt, the decrease of donor density would correspond to 0.47% of vacancies being occupied by nitrogen acceptors. This investigation also allowed estimation of the apparent diffusion coefficient of H+ in TiO2nt. Following the Randles−Sevcik method, the effective proton diffusion coefficient in TiO2nt is (2 ± 1)·10−11 cm2 s−1 while in N-doped TiO2nt it is (4 ± 1)·10−11 cm2 s−1. Using the Warburg diffusion element determined by electrochemical impedanc...


Design of output feedback power system stabilizers (PSSs) that guarantee robust pole clustering and robust performance for a wide range of loading conditions is described in this paper. The objectives considered are clustering the closed loop poles in a prescribed region in the s-plane while minimizing an Hinfin performance criterion for the uncertain system. The main difficulty in PSS design is that power systems encounter continuous variations in the load patterns and consequently the nominal model design does not guarantee satisfactory performance at other operating conditions. To cope with such variations, a systematic approach is proposed to present the plant uncertainty in the form of a polytopic model. Based on this model, the synthesis of output feedback PSS leads to a bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) optimization problem. A fast LMI-based procedure for computing an initially feasible controller is presented and an iterative LMI algorithm is suggested to solve the BMI optimization problem. Simulation results on a single machine infinite-bus nonlinear model illustrate the validity of the proposed design procedure.


In this paper, We not only developed Poisson and drift-diffusion solver with effective tail states and field-dependent mobility, but set up a 2D random model to treat the doping effect on the organic materials. Understanding these models helps us in modeling OLED.


Mass customization is being adopted in many housing contexts worldwide to provide families with dwellings that suit their individual needs at costs similar to mass-produced items. However, in many social housing contexts, there are barriers that can hinder the adoption of mass customization, despite the benefits it could bring to residents. This is the case in the Brazilian social housing context considering house units for families of the lowest income range. This paper explores the possibilities and limitations of applying mass customization in this context to improve the living conditions in these neighborhoods as they evolve over time. This study analyzes the ecology of the system of provision of social housing for the lowest income range, pre-occupancy, and post-occupancy in the neighborhood's development over time. This study argues that it would be more feasible and bring more and longer-lasting benefits to the stakeholders involved if mass customization were applied post-occupancy.


Based on the symplectic eigen-solutions and a special solution of the sectorial wedge dissimilar materials,an analytical singular element with arbitrary order accuracy was presented,which can be applied to analyzing bimaterial mode I interface crack under Dugdale-Barenblatt(D-B) model with bridging tractions.Combined with conventional FEM,the singular element can be used to obtain length of plastic zone and crack tip opening displacement(CTOD) in the D-B model.Numerical results show that the method possesses high accuracy with less calculation.


As-melt and uniaxially deformed melt textured YBCO (123) superconductors have been used to examine the role of dislocations in flux pinning. These superconductors were subjected to a high temperature annealing process. After annealing, the critical current densities (J c) of both as-melt and deformed superconductors are found to have decreased dramatically both in zero field as well as in an applied field of 1.5 T. Furthermore, the distinct characteristic of deformed superconductors, i.e., J c ( H|| c-axis)≈J c ( H|| a-b), has totally disappeared after annealing the samples at 900° C for 48 h in flowing oxygen. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the high dislocation density normally observed in deformed 123 superconductors has been significantly reduced. In addition, several other microstructural changes were also investigated. These results indicate that the large amount of dislocations generated during the deformation process are effective flux pinning centers in these superconductors. Meanwhile, it is suggested that pinning by stacking faults is magnetically sensitive where the effect is maximum at low fields.


To the Editor, A 1‐year‐old child presented to emergency with fever and difficulty in breathing for last 7 days. The child also had a history of recurrent pneumonia. The child underwent bronchoscopy which revealed mucus plugging in the left main stem bronchus with narrowing, where there was presence of a pulsatile region in the left main stem bronchus. The child underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the thorax to evaluate the cause of the left main bronchus narrowing. On imaging, the child had multiple congenital anomalies including the atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and double superior vena cava. The left pulmonary artery was seen to arise from the right pulmonary artery, forming a sling, and causing the narrowing of the left mainstem bronchus. The right pulmonary artery showed early mediastinal branching into three segments. There was an anomalous bridging bronchus (BB) that was seen arising from the left main stem bronchus, and it was seen crossing the mediastinum and supplying the posterior and medial basal components of the right lower lobe (RLL) suggestive of BB (Figure 1). The RLL was also seen to have a normal bronchial supply from bronchus intermedius. There was collapse‐consolidation of the left lung and posterior and medial basal segments of the RLL, with mucous plugging seen in the left main stem bronchus and BB. BB is a variant in which there are anomalous bronchi arising from the contralateral side, crossing the mediastinum, and supplying the ipsilateral lung. According to this definition as described by Gonzalez‐ Crussi et al., the BB arises from the left main stem bronchus, crosses midline, and supplies the right middle lobe (RML) and RLL. The right main bronchus supplies the right upper lobe (RUL) at the level of the carina. There are a few other studies that have described BB. However, our patient had a new variant in which the RLL was supplied by both BB arising from the left main stem bronchus and the right bronchus intermedius. BB is associated with left pulmonary artery sling (LPAS); it is seen in around 52%–78% of patients who present with a pulmonary sling. There are two types of LPAS, as described by Wells et al.; type I is without BB and type II is associated with BB. A study by Xie et al. described association with Type II LPAS with congenital cardiac anomalies; consistent with our study. This study also described mediastinal branching pattern of the right pulmonary artery. Early mediastinal branching of the right pulmonary artery into three segments was seen the index case. Our case describes a new variant in which the RLL is supplied by a BB and right main stem bronchus associated with congenital cardiac anomalies and mediastinal pulmonary artery branching pattern as described above. One needs to be aware of this anatomical variant to avoid inadvertent airway and vascular injury during surgical procedure.


The single crystal of a polyoxometalate,[(C_4H_9)_4N]_6[PMo_(12)O_(40)]_2·0.5H_2O,was prepared in CH3CN-H2O solution,and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction.The compound belongs to monoclinic system,with space group C2/c,unit cell: a=4.996(10) nm,b=1.411(3) nm,c=2.633(5) nm,β=114.804(4),V=16.844 nm3,Z=1,R1=0.0843,wR2 =0.2546.The molecule of the compound consists of six tetrabutylammonium cations,two heteropolyanions of [PMo12O40]3-and a half water molecule.


2 Abstract— Mobile Ad hoc Networks also abbreviated as MANETs, are infrastructure less wireless networks which are characterized by dynamic topologies. MANET is made up of autonomous collection of users that are continuously on the move, over bandwidth constrained wireless links. Gray hole attack is an active kind of attack on adhoc networks where the attacking node first forwards packets and then later on drops the packets resulting in Denial of Service (DoS). As MANET being a network without any central administration, is vulnerable to such kind of attacks and network can be easily crippled by such malicious nodes. Therefore various kinds of security mechanisms are applied to protect networks from harm. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDs) are one of the solution which help in detecting the misbehaving node as well as notifies other nodes in networks of the misbehaving node. The main aim of security systems is to provide services like Authentication, Accountability, Integrity, Anonymity and Confidentiality. In this paper we have used AODV routing Protocol for route discovery. When malicious node starts dropping packets we use Intrusion Detection scheme to report violation of policy and the nodes whose packets are dropped again try to establish new paths using Route Requests (RREQ) messages. In our paper the NS2 scenario shows that the throughput is improved than traditional gray hole attacks. Keywords-Ad hoc Network ,Network simulator NS-2,Security Threats, Grayhole Attacks, Routing Protocols,Performance, PDR, NRL,Packet Loss


The progression of a population of cancer cells is studied under the assumption that a small sub-population of them co-exists with cells in the usual differentiated state. The evolution of this sub-population will be characterised by the properties of a very peculiar state that all cells experience: the stem state, characterised by high proliferation rate, capacity of self-renewal and strong therapy resistance. Based on recent considerations, transitions between the two co-existing states (stem and differentiated) of cancer cells are assumed to be allowed in both directions. Transitions are mediated by a time-evolving chemical activator. Based on these considerations a model will be presented which will require a sophisticated treatment of population dynamics, admitting three fixed points. This work will focus on dynamical phenomena occurring in such a deterministic model, and will then proceed to a preliminary study of the effects of a noisy environment on it. The hope is that some of the dynamical effects could have optimistic therapeutical implications. These effects will be looked for analytically and/or numerically.


Three cases of avulsion of the ischial tuberosity are presented. Two of these patients who had pronounced bony overgrowth, were referred because of suspicion of bone tumors. Avulsion fractures, if there is no displacement, respond very well to conservative treatment. In avulsion fracture with separation of the fragments, early open reduction should be the treatment of choice. In old ununited cases, removal of the mass with reattachment of the tendons is indicated if the patient is symptomatic.


A new method was applied to the interpretation of arterial blood gas data collected on the ward. In 40 patients admitted to a pulmonary intensive care unit with acute exacerbations of respiratory insufficiency, arterial blood gases were measured while the patient breathed air and while he breathed 24 per cent oxygen by Venturi mask. Mean arterial oxygen tension increased from 40.4 to 57.3 mm Hg; mean arterial oxygen saturation increased from 69.0 to 83.9 per cent. There was no significant change in arterial carbon dioxide tension or pH, which averaged 63 mm Hg and 7.35, respectively. When these data were interpreted in terms of the function of the slow space in these lungs, it appeared that on the average 81 per cent of the cardiac output was oxygenated in the slow space, with a slow space oxygenation coefficient of 0.172. The initial value of arterial oxygen tension while the patient breathed air was dependent mainly on the fractional perfusion of the slow space. The increase in arterial oxygen tension w...


RAFAEL (Israel's Armament Development Authority) has established its Weapon Test and Evaluation Center (WTEC) to provide an environment for the testing of tactical weapon systems under realistic operational conditions. The test range has grown along with the weaponry development in Israel. This modern, land-based, test range comprises fixed instrumented stations, as well as mobile tracking and measuring instruments, which enable the customizing of the layout to the specific needs of each test. Moreover, the mobile instrumentation systems may be deployed at any site and operate as an independent self-contained test range, in conjunction with a mobile control center. The selection of the optimal geometry per mission is accomplished by computer simulations. As a by-product of the simulation, an a-priori accuracy map of the planned trajectory and other requested parameters is obtained. The instrumentation mobility is a valuable asset, contributing significantly to the versatility and accuracy of the test range. Future expansion should rely upon mobile instruments.


In this paper,based on the constant matrixes composed of the constant intervals of the slopes of the elements' constitutive relations,a coefficient λ is introduced to construct several new matrixes relative to this coefficient.By means of the analysis of those matrixes,a new method to analyze the global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point of nonlinear circuit is advanced.The conditions for the global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point are expressed as the inequalities of the some matrixes norms and measures including the coefficient.By the method in this paper to decide the global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point,it is not necessary to verify whether the equilibrium point is unique and to construct Liyapunov functions.And the requirements in the conditions for the circuit elements are only their slopes be bounded,which are much loose than those in previously published papers.So the work of this paper is an extension for the classical results already known.


EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP WILLIAMS WINTHROP, CYNTHIA Y. B.A. OAKWOOD COLLEGE, 1984 M.ED. ANDREWS UNIVERSITY, 1992 THE PERCEPTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN FEMALE SUPERINTENDENTS' CAREER ASCENDANCY PATTERNS IN THE UNITED STATES FROM 2000-200 1 Advisor: Dr. Melanie Carter Dissertation dated May, 2002 This study chronicled the perceptions of African-American female superintendents about their career ascendancy. This study identified factors that impact career ascendancy patterns as identified by African-American female superintendents. These factors included personal factors, educational factors, career factors, sociopolitical factors, and mentoring. The study created a linkage between African-American female administrators and the factors involved in the ascension to the superintendency. The research design selected for this study was a qualitative, descriptive design to identify the experiences and perspectives of African-American female superintendents. The Robison (1992) interview guide and Winthrop 2001 interview guide were the primary instruments.


Alan Turing proposed to consider the question, "Can machines think?" in his famous article [40]. We consider the question, "Can machines do mathematics, and how?" Turing suggested that intelligence be tested by comparing computer behaviour to human behaviour in an online discussion. We hold that this approach could be useful for assessing computational logic systems which, despite having produced formal proofs of the Four Colour Theorem, the Robbins Conjecture and the Kepler Conjecture, have not achieved widespread take up by mathematicians. It has been suggested that this is because computer proofs are perceived as ungainly, brute-force searches which lack elegance, beauty or mathematical insight. One response to this is to build such systems which perform in a more human-like manner, which raises the question of what a "human-like manner" may be. Timothy Gowers recently initiated Polymath [4], a series of experiments in online collaborative mathematics, in which problems are posted online, and an open invitation issued for people to try to solve them collaboratively, documenting every step of the ensuing discussion. The resulting record provides an unusual example of fully documented mathematical activity leading to a proof, in contrast to typical research papers which record proofs, but not how they were obtained. We consider the third Mini-Polymath project [3], started by Terence Tao and published online on July 19, 2011. We examine the resulting discussion from the perspective: what would it take for a machine to contribute, in a human-like manner, to this online discussion? We present an account of the mathematical reasoning behind the online collaboration, which involved about 150 informal mathematical comments and led to a proof of the result. We distinguish four types of comment, which focus on mathematical concepts, examples, conjectures and proof strategies, and further categorise ways in which each aspect developed. Where relevant, we relate the discussion to theories of mathematical practice, such as that described by Pólya [36] and Lakatos [24], and consider how their theories stand up in the light of this documented record of informal mathematical collaboration.


According to the results of the research, the effect of stabilization of dispersions of titanium dioxide in water-acrylic compositions was established. It was proved that in aqueous-acrylic suspensions at all variations of film-forming agent (from 0 to 5 g/dm3), the maximum of stabilizing activity of the surfactants under study is achieved at CSAS=0.25 g/dm3. The minimum deposition rate of titanium dioxide dispersions at a dosing of 0.25 g/dm3 of sodium polyacrylate was at the level of 0.097 10-3 g/s at any content of film-forming agent (Cff=0.5÷5 g/dm3) in suspensions. At the introduction of the same concentration (CSAS=0.25 g/dm3) of the polyether siloxane copolymer, a decrease in sedimentation rate to 0.053 10-3 g/s in suspensions with a limited acryl content (C≤1 g/dm3) was recorded. At an increase in the concentration of a film-forming agent (C>1 g/dm3) in suspensions, sedimentation stability decreased, which is proved by an increase in the sedimentation rate of TiO2 to 0.110∙10-3 g/s at Cff=5.0 g/dm3. It was found that in aqueous-acrylic suspensions with the film-forming content from 0.5 to 1 g/dm3, the minimum average diameter was 2.64÷3.1 μm CSAS=0.25 g/dm3. Further concentration of acryl (Cff=4÷5 g/dm3) at the same dosage of polyether siloxane copolymer was accompanied by an increase in the average particle size up to 4.30÷4.61 μm. The maximum of wedging activity of sodium polyacrylate (CSAS=0.25 g/dm3) corresponds to the same minimum of the average diameter (2–3 μm).


Separation of bone marrow cells in continuous bovine serum albumin density gradients and the agar culture technique were used to determine the buoyant density distribution of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (CFUc) from normal marrow. The results showed that the byoyant density distribution of normal CFUc is dependent on the activity of the feeder layers used to stimulate colony formation and that additional low density CFUc grow on high activity feeder layers. The implications of these findings for studies of the density of acute meyloid leukaemia CFUc will be discussed.


Exteroceptive sensors on an autonomous vehicle require a high-performance communication bus. The number of exteroceptive sensors keeps rising, and the CAN bus, the most common intra-network bus in vehicles, cannot keep up.

This paper investigates the effect of Exteroceptive Sensors of Autonomous Vehicles on the CAN and CAN FD buses. Four types of sensors (4 cameras, 6 radars, 1 LiDAR, and 1 INS) have been introduced to create five different scenarios in two different test environments.

The simulation used a highly effective environment to obtain accurate measurements and results.

The results showed that the LiDAR sensor has huge data and requires a high-efficiency bus; the CAN bus could not handle it, and the rest of the sensors can transfer their data through the traditional CAN bus.


W ith the advent of a multitude of diverse and innovative approaches related to aesthetic and reconstructive surgery of the breast comes a need to evaluate in a scientific and meaningful way the results of these various treatment strategies. This is part of an overall renaissance in plastic surgery results reporting that attempts to go beyond the subjective and enter into the area of evidence-based medicine. The need for such evaluation techniques is fueled to a great extent by a desire on the part of all plastic surgeons to identify the best procedures for a given patient. However, just as important a factor in this effort is the diminishing resources earmarked for health care. Therefore, identifying those procedures that provide the greatest patient satisfaction with the fewest complications becomes an even more pressing need. It is with this in mind that Cano et al. offer a significant advance in plastic surgery results reporting. Although other measurement instruments have been used in the past, the BREAST-Q is perhaps the best researched and most complete of those that have been introduced to date. It is already being used by many researchers and surgeons as the basics of the instrument have been introduced previously. "The BREAST-Q: Further Validation in Independent Clinical Samples" documents the construct validity of the instrument by comparing it to other patientreported outcome measures. Clinical validity is tested using hypothesis-driven questions with clinical subsamples. Overall, the article is highly technical and uses detailed statistical and study design terminology that is difficult to fully understand. Statistical techniques associated with specific author names are also used liberally to describe evaluation of the data. While these evaluation methods may be well known to experts in statistical analysis, they hold little or even no meaning for the vast majority of plastic surgeons who will read this article. When this fact is coupled with the somewhat wordy, complicated, and technical prose used in the article, the reader is left with a sense of incomplete understanding of the content. Many will be left with an uneasy need to accept the conclusions simply because there is a lack of the understanding required to question them intelligently. One area of concern is related to the 66 percent of women who returned completed questionnaires. It is generally accepted that a response rate of 75 percent or higher is required to provide validity to the results of a questionnaire-based study. For an article whose focus is on providing an instrument that is meant to be used in a more exacting and stringent evidence-based medicine environment, it would seem that adherence to this guideline would be paramount. The consequences of these mild criticisms are that, while the BREAST-Q is a well-thought-out questionnaire-based instrument, it must be applied thoughtfully to provide reliable and meaningful results. The details of the questions and the involved variables must be scrutinized in every circumstance to ensure that accurate data are obtained. Simply because a specific point is supported by data mined from a BREAST-Q evaluation does not mean that the data are clinically meaningful as they are applied to a specific patient. For many areas of plastic surgery, the number of variables that can affect the final result may challenge even the ability of the BREAST-Q to adequately distinguish between isolated trends versus meaningful differences. It is possible that one unfortunate byproduct of using the BREAST-Q may well be to actually stifle scientific inquiry. If a specific question is presumably "answered" by results obtained from this seemingly complete instrument, there may be no apparent need to continue investigation any further. It is not unreasonable to expect that researchers with a specific bias could


The external ear is frequently injured because of its position. Fortunately, the injuries are usually minor or the ear remains attached by a small pedicle, which results in complete survival. There are, however, rare occasions when the entire ear is completely amputated. The ear has an abundant blood supply, and nowadays it is possible to reconstruct it perfectly using micro-anastomosis and flap surgery. In these cases, we apply the following three methods;fish-mouth technique, modified pocket method, Dieffenbach's technique. Auricular reconstruction is one of the most challenging areas in reconstructive surgery. The best results are obtained if the surgeon has a broad range of techniques at his disposal. Authors report three cases of traumatized auricular reconstruction with a review of literatures.


This research was conducted to test the antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin isolates of probiotic bacteria isolated from giant prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The method used was experiment method with tested the inhibition against pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas stutzeri). The results showed that bacteriocin capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria of P. stutzeri, A. hydrophila and V. alginolyticus. The best isolates obtained from results of this research was UG4 with clear zones ranging from 7.2 to 11.4 mm and the inhibition activity of 1476.53 mm²/mL after fragmentation with (NH4)2SO4 against pathogenic bacteria P. stutzeri was incubated at room temperature (37°C). This inhibition was caused by the presence of antimicrobial compounds that are produced by probiotic bacteria, namely bacteriocin. For isolates UG2 codes, the bacteria was resistant in which characterized by the formation of bluring zone around the paper disc.Key words: Antimicrobial activity, probiotics, bacteriocins, giant prawns


![Figure][1]

A clump of border cells (with nuclei labeled green) migrates through the ovary.

Lucas et al. show that the Hippo pathway helps polarize actin so that groups of Drosophila cells can move in unison.

Cells often journey in packs during development and cancer metastasis. In the


We measured the magnetic properties and examined the microstructure of Pt/Co multilayers sputtered at ambient temperature on ZnO underlayers grown between 25 and 500 °C. For ZnO grown at 150 °C, the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy of Pt/Co multilayers was a maximum, ∼1.1×107 erg/cm3, and then decreased monotonically to ∼3×106 erg/cm3 for ZnO grown at 500 °C. From measuring the angular dependence of magnetic coercivity, we deduced that magnetic reversal was by domain‐wall motion in multilayers on low temperature (≤200 °C) ZnO, and predominantly by rotation on high‐temperature ZnO. By cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopy of Pt and Co layers on ZnO, we determined that all layers were rougher for high ZnO growth temperatures, although higher temperature promoted better multilayer (111)‐fcc texture. The microstructure of Pt/Co multilayers on high‐temperature ZnO was also particulate or granular, compared to more continuous on low‐temperature ZnO. We concluded that the multilayer roughness ...


Fluorescence sensor sheet has been fabricated successfully by Cr doped YAlO3 powder and silicone resin, and characterized for applications as the thermo-sensor material. Fluorescence thermometer system using fluorescence sensor sheet enables non-contact temperature measurement in extraordinary conditions. In this system, temperature measurement technique based on the temperature dependence of Photoluminescence (PL) intensity ratio is more convenient and practical system than that using temperature dependence of PL lifetime. Among many phosphors, Cr doped YAlO3 is found to be useful as the sensor materials for fluorescence thermometer sheet because of its long PL lifetime and large PL intensity. PL peaking at 740 nm, 742 nm, 744 nm and 750 nm are observed from the fluorescent sensor sheet with an excitation by a laser diode at lambda=405 nm. Temperature dependence of the PL intensity ratio, 1740/1750, which increases with temperature from 300 K to 440 K, is suitable for non-contact temperature measurement


IN HIGHER MAMMALS many cells of the cerebral cytoarchitectonic features; the dorsal horn cortex can directly influence spinal cord cells of the lumbar cord was divided into six via the pyramidal tract (PT). Despite the approximately horizontal laminae (Fig. 1). anatomical prominence of this pathway, its Wall (33) h as recently found that the cells of physiological functions remain inconclusively defined by classical techniques. Severing this laminae 4-6 exhibit characteristic responses to natural stimulation of the skin and movemassive tract in the cat produces surprisingly subtle behavioral deficits: a weakness or loss of phasic flexion activity (22, 28) and loss of tat tile and propriocep tive placing reflexes (22) have been reported. Electrical stimulation of the PT evokes a flexion response (9, 2% and excites predominantly flexor motoneurons and interneurons involved in flexor reflex pathways (11, 13, 15). Early observations on the behavioral effects of stimulating or severing the PT led to the conception of the PT as a motor pathway, relaying orders concerning the execution of movements. More recently, however, investigators have found that impulses descending in the PT can also evoke a depolarization of afferent fibers, thereby exerting a presynaptic inhibition on sensory input&%, 5, 20). Whatever the functions of the PT, they must be mediated by the spinal cord cells on which it terminates. In the cat spinal cord, the PT terminates predominantly in the dorsal horn (21, 24), among cells which have recently been characterized anatomically by Rexed (23) and physiologically by Wall (32, 33). Rexed grouped spinal cord cells into separate "laminae" on the basis of their


T h e Baltimore PsychoanaIytic Institute was the first to be examined by the newly formed Committee for the Survey of Psychoanalytic Education and was visited by Dr. Bertram Lewin and hliss Helen Ross during the period from November 13 to November 21, 1956. The Institute now has twenty-five students in training. Since July 1, 1956, there have been three applicants, all of whom have been processed and two of whom have been accepted as candidates; and since the above date there has been one graduation.


At present the light beam is assumed to be normal to the surface of the filters. However, in practice it is necessary to tilt the filters slightly to make a beam dump. On the other hand an angling of a few degrees does only make the spot slightly elliptical on the filters. An angling of 5 degrees in example makes the ratio between the two axes in the ellipse 0.996. At the same time polarisation effects in the coatings are marginal in this angular range. We will not take these things into account in this analysis.


In this paper, we present an interactive trajectory analysis system designed for a surveillance setup. A codebook construction technique is used to cluster pedestrian trajectories. The codebooks provide a model which can be used for prediction, anomaly detection. and analysis of pedestrian behaviour.A graphical user interface is presented that allows an operator to perform these tasks interactively.


In response to demands for research focusing on the vulnerability of people with disabilities who are consumers, this research has set the objective of understanding how is the consumer with Down syndrome vulnerability revealed in their interactions with the market environment of Rio de Janeiro city. In the empirical part of the study, semi-structured in-depth interviews have been conducted with eighteen Down subjects and with their relatives, in a total of 44 informants. Data collection has been anchored in narratives of life stories, photographs description, and application of projective techniques. Treated by content analysis, the data generated four categories: the first is related to urban mobility, the second to the socio-technical environment of the market, the third to problems involving money and credit, and finally the fourth to the consumer with Down syndrome invisibility. Keywords: Consumer vulnerability; exclusion; Down syndrome.


Field trial was conducted to study the effect of fertilization on the yield,nutrient uptakes and nitrogen use efficiency of 9 rice varieties,and to compare the differences in response of different varieties of rice to nutrients in order to provide evidence for scientific fertilization of rice. The results showed that the grain yields of each variety of rice were 5 312 ~ 7 473 kg /hm2 with the coefficient of variation of 10%,and the average was 6 444 kg / hm2 for all the CK treatments. Fertilization( NPK)improved the yield significantly by 3 240 ~ 5 578 kg / hm2 for each variety of rice than CK,and the average yield increased was4 262 kg / hm2. The increase rates of yield were 47. 2% ~ 91. 3%,and the average was 66. 1%. Under the test conditions,nitrogen( N) application improved significantly the grain yield and N uptakes of different varieties of rice,which were increased by 39. 6% ~ 90. 9% and 59. 4% ~ 157. 8%,respectively. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application had no significant effect on the yield of rice. There were also great differences of N use efficiency among different varieties of rice,which were 23. 2% ~ 53. 8%.


Applying to the GPS surveying data of "Crustal Movement Observation Network of China"from 1998 to 2000,the paper derived the velocity of network station in ITRF97, and the China mainland velocity of network station compared to NNR-NUVEL1A model, and the velocity of network station compared to single station. At last,the reason of velocity formatted is explained.


Abstract Some new observations of the morphology of the solid liquid interface during melting are reported and discussed in relation to other published work on this topic. The classification of materials into those solidifying with a faceted interface and those solidifying with a non-faceted interface is well known. It is suggested that the same system of classification is applicable to the morphology of the interface during melting. Apparent anomalies of faceting materials melting with a non-faceted interface are the result of the geometrical conditions of the experiment, and in no way violate this principle.


The manufacturing of necks on the sheet metal parts using conventional hole-flanging process in small series production is sometimes too expensive or even impossible due to the complexity of the product. For these reasons, a modern manufacturing concept called the "backward incremental hole-flanging process" is proposed. It enables producing necks on the final products that can be very complex or even closed with minimal expense.
Special attention is dedicated to researching technological particularities and limitations according to industrial requirements. Due to numerous input factors having various levels of influence, empirical modelling was selected with the aim of ensuring better prediction of results. It enables predicting the impact of each particular input parameter and their iterations on the selected output variables. Results show that forming tool diameter, and horizontal and vertical step sizes have the greatest influence on the process. Moreover, the appropriate selection of process parameters results on a higher forming limit ratio and consequently, on larger necks achieved without cracks in comparison to the conventional hole-flanging process. The reason could be found in local incremental deformation of the sheet metal and a more suitable stress state.


The hash method can convert high-dimensional data into simple binary code, which has the advantages of fast speed and small storage capacity in large-scale image retrieval and is gradually being favored by an increasing number of people. However, the traditional hash method has two common shortcomings, which affect the accuracy of image retrieval. First, most of the traditional hash methods extract many irrelevant image features, resulting in partial information bias in the binary code produced by the hash method. Furthermore, the binary code made by the traditional hash method cannot maintain the semantic similarity of the image. To find solutions to these two problems, we try a new network architecture that adds a feature enhancement layer to better extract image features, remove redundant features, and express the similarity between images through contrastive loss, thereby constructing compact exact binary code. In summary, we use the relationship between labels and image features to model them, better preserve the semantic relationship and reduce redundant features, and use a contrastive loss to compare the similarity between images, using a balance loss to produce the resulting binary code. The numbers of 0s and 1s are balanced, resulting in a more compact binary code. Extensive experiments on three commonly used datasets—CIFAR-10, NUS-WIDE, and SVHN—display that our approach (DFEH) can express good performance compared with the other most advanced approaches.


Background and Aims:  Irinotecan (CPT‐11) is a chemotherapeutic drug for cancer that causes severe diarrhea by an uncertain mechanism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the time‐course of apoptosis and whole intestinal damage after irinotecan to further elucidate the mechanism behind the diarrhea.


Assume  that  the  set of all n×nmatrices  over  a field  K with  the usual  addition of matrices  and  some  multiplication。forms  a commutative  ring.  When  does  the  product 。coincide  with  the  Hadamard  product?We  prove  that  the  Theorem  3 in the  reference(2) is extended  to an arbitrary  field K.


The utility model relates to a variable -reduction -ratio hub motor for electric bicycle, connect spline housing, planet wheel back shaft, characterized by including shell, middle casing, stator mount, stator, magnet, planet wheel support bearing, first, second sun gear, first, second planet wheel, planet wheel: big, the little speed reducing ratio of coaxial radial setting output flywheel structure, flywheel structure include outer lane, inner circle, ball and very heavy piece, outer lane and inner circle constitute the radial double -deck first flywheel structure and the combined type structure flywheel of second flywheel structure through middle retainer plate, are equipped with the rectangle recess on the middle retainer plate, are equipped with two -way very heavy control mechanism in the rectangle recess. Beneficial effect: adopt two -way very heavy control mechanism, when middle retainer plate anticlockwise moves as the driving part, form two of positive and negative two orientations motion and select one, the motion of a bonding orientation, the another party is to being free state. Avoid very heavy piece to catch on inside and outside ring of ratchet teeth simultaneously, lead to the reduction gears card to be died.


Getting oceanographic data on a large scale and with sufficient time and space resolution is generally very difficult. However, these data are essential when studying with accuracy the propagation of sound, especially when simple analytic models are not available due to the complexity of the ocean variability at the required distance and time scale. This is for example the case of oceanic acoustic tomography (OAT) in the North Eastern Atlantic (study area of the French national program POMME). In OAT, the classical stratified assumption has to be checked against realistic simulations of long range wave propagation. For the North Eastern Atlantic where the Mediterranean mid waters and the mixed upper layer induce complex effects on temperature profiles, numerical models tend to be more and more accurate. This is the case for the CLIPPER model developed by the LEGI(*) in Grenoble. The authors show in this work how this set of high resolution and realistic numerical data can be used to simulate the acoustic wave propagation with new insights. They focus their analysis to the POMME area: [-15 W, -22 W] longitudes, [35 N, 48 N] latitudes. They first describe the numerical oceanographic data as given by the CLIPPER model and show their high resolution quality. They present then the results of systematic ray tracing calculations that has been made between pairs of transmitter and receiver (receiver is a long-line vertical array) in the North-South direction.


During the final two decades of the last century, there appeared to be an increasing concern for the potential movement of chemicals from intensively managed turfgrass. Funding opportunities appeared and numerous research programs were initiated across the United States. Results of a research program conducted at the University of Georgia from 1992-1997 indicated that very small fractions of certain pesticides were transported through lysimeters containing the soil mixture recommended by the United States Golf Association for turfgrass maintained as golf course greens. Additionally, small quantities of certain pesticides were transported in surface runoff from treated mini-plots simulating golf course fairways and home lawns. It was concluded that certain pesticides could be applied to turfgrass with minimal risk. Other research programs, conducted during the 1990's, obtained similar results and reached similar conclusions. Did these publicized conclusions result in apathy toward risk assessment research on turfgrass management? It appears that the importance of risk assessment studies on turfgrass management strategies has lessened during recent past. Special funding (eg. grants and gifts) has been reduced considerably over the past five years. Additionally, reduced state and federal budgets have impacted the formula funding at Land Grant Universities (LGU's). Currently in LGU's, use of formula funding for this research suffers compared to other disciplines (eg. genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics). The clientele of these Universities demand research programs D o w n lo ad ed b y 1 7 3 .3 3 .1 6 .4 7 o n M ay 1 2 , 2 0 1 1 | h tt p :/ /p u b s. ac s. o rg


Visual object tracking has made important breakthroughs with the assistance of deep learning models. Unfortunately, recent research has clearly proved that deep learning models are vulnerable to malicious adversarial attacks, which mislead the models making wrong decisions by perturbing the input image. The threat to the models alerts us to pay attention to the model security of deep learning- based tracking algorithms. Therefore, we study the adversarial attacks against advanced trackers based on deep learning to better identify the vulnerability of tracking algorithms. In this paper, we propose to add slight adversarial perturbations to the input image by an inconspicuous but powerful attack strategy—hijacking algorithm. Specifically, the hijacking strategy misleads trackers in two aspects: one is shape hijacking that changes the shape of the model output; the other is position hijacking that gradually pushes the output to any position in the image frame. Besides, we further propose an adaptive optimization approach to integrate two hijacking mechanisms efficiently. Eventually, the hijacking algorithm results in fooling the tracker to track the wrong target gradually. The experimental results demonstrate the powerful attack ability of our method—quickly hijacking state-of-the-art trackers and reducing the accuracy of these models by more than 90% on OTB2015.


Contemporary human activity recognition approaches are heavily based on deep neural network architectures, since the latter do not require neither significant domain knowledge, nor complex algorithms for feature extraction, while they are able to demonstrate strong performance. Therefore, handcrafted features are nowadays rarely used. In this paper we demonstrate that these features are able to learn complementary representations of input data and are able to boost the performance of deep approaches, i.e., when both deep and handcrafted features are fused. To this goal, we choose an existing set of handcrafted features, extracted from 3D skeletal joints. We compare its performance with two approaches. The first one is based on a visual representation of skeletal data, while the second is a rank pooling approach on raw RGB data. We show that when fusing both types of features, the overall performance is significantly increased. We evaluate our approach using a publicly available, challenging dataset of human activities.


Two kinds of electrical activity can be recorded in the pyloric antrum with extracellular electrodes: an initial triphasic spike-like potential and sometimes a second potential. Contractions of the antrum were accompanied by the second (negative) potential wave. The initial potential was propagated. An initial potential preceded each second potential during contractile activity and appeared to initiate it. These patterns of electrical activity were compared with those in the duodenum previously reported. Cholinergic stimulants (acetylcholine, methacholine, carbamylcholine, and nicotine) infused intra-arterially in threshold amounts (0.1 to 1 μg) produced in the antrum a premature initial wave, one or more second potentials with contractions, or both effects. The nature of the response depended upon the timing of the infusion in relation to the initial wave and the dose of drug used. Premature initial waves were capable of antiperistaltic conduction. Doses of acetylcholine higher than threshold caused both...


In order to eliminate the bubbles during composites manufacturing, a special performance was designed. And the effects of the speed of the resin injection on bubble content were investigated. The results demonstrate that the speed of resin injection has distinct effects on the bubble content. When the speed of resin injection is slightly higher than the speed of capillary injection, the bubble content of the test pieces with latitudinal fiber bundles is more than the test pieces without latitudinal fiber bundles. But when the speed of the resin injection is slower than the speed of capillary injection, the bubble content of the test pieces with latitudinal fiber bundles is less than the test pieces without latitudinal fiber bundles. These results will provide a reference for the design of RTM process parameters.


By atomistic simulation, we investigate an acoustic wave at THz frequencies in nanoscale thin films of aluminum–nitride piezoelectric material. A mode analysis reveals that the thickness longitudinal mode along the [0001] direction exists stably at the atomic level. To control the acoustic wave, we introduce a phononic crystal (PC) structure in the films. We determine the band-gap frequency in the phonon dispersion of the PC structure and confirm via molecular dynamics simulation that the acoustic wave within the band-gap frequency can be confined by a waveguide structure with a PC. The possibility of designing and controlling a THz acoustic wave in a nanoscale thin film with a PC is thereby demonstrated.


The invention provides a jig for adjusting deformation of a 96-hole polymerase chain reaction (PCR) plate molded product with skirt edges. The jig ensures the skirt edge not to deform, enables the product to be attractive and comprises a just-molded product. The jig is characterized by further comprising a base plate, wherein the center of the base plate is provided with a rectangular cavity, four sides of the rectangular cavity of the base plate are provided with upward flanging edges, and the upward flanging edges are installed at the inner-side positions of the skirt edges of the just-molded product.


Metallic amorphous materials were developed during 80's as new materials, with very interesting industrial properties (heat conductivity, magnetic properties, fusion temperature, corrosion resistance, etc.). Technology to obtain these materials, based on very rapid cooling of a melted alloy with glass forming ability, has limitations for the dimensions of the products that can be obtained with amorphous structure (thickness has to be very thin), which can be overpassed by development of bulk amorphous alloys with high glass forming ability and good control of the cooling speed. Numerical modeling of thermal field during ultra-high cooling, developed in researches presented in this paper, allows researchers to estimate the results of applying in reality certain cooling conditions. This model will help developers of bulk amorphous alloys in checking if are ensured conditions to obtain an amorphous alloy with fewer experimental tests, less time and low expenses.


This paper describes a modified method of analysis of the charge exchange neutrals for determination of the radial profile of ion temperature including the effect of the ion finite Larmor radius. It also includes the effect of the charge exchange reaction with neutral hydrogen molecules. The ICRF-heated plasmas in the central cell of the GAMMA10 tandem mirror were analyzed by taking into account these effects. The obtained energy spectra and the count-rate spatial profiles of charge exchange neutrals were consistent with the experimental results. The present method, thus, proved to be effective in determining the radial profile of ion temperature.


9107 Background: Cancer patients report ongoing significant gaps in supportive care. To date few interventions have been shown to improve supportive care outcomes in cancer. Research in other areas...


Bradshaw, T. (ed.), Grace and Truth in the Secular Age (Eerdmans), £14.99. Braybrooke, M., The Explorer's Guide to Christianity (Hodder & Stoughton), £8.99. D'Costa, G. (ed.), Resurrection Reconsidered (Oneworld), £11.99. Dunn, J. D. G., The Christ and the Spirit: Vol 1 Christology (T. & T. Clark), £19.95. Dunn, J. D. G., The Christ and the Spirit: Vol 2 Pneumatology (T. & T. Clark), £19.95. Grant, C. D., Thinking Through Our Faith (Abingdon), £12.99. Gunton, C., The Triune Creator: A Historical and Systematic Study (Edinburgh Univ. Pr.), £14.95. Maddox, R., (ed.), Rethinking Wesley's Theology (Kingswood), £14.99. Markham, I., Truth and the Reality of God (T. & T. Clark), £18.95. Pannenberg, W., Systematic Theology: Vol 3 (T. & T. Clark), £34.95. Schonfield, H., The Mystery of the Messiah (Open Gate Pr.), £8.95.


When the two eyes are presented with sufficiently different images, Binocular Rivalry (BR) occurs. BR is a form of bistable perception involving stochastic alternations in awareness between distinct images shown to each eye. It has been suggested that the dynamics of BR are due to the activity of a central temporal process and are linked to involuntary mechanisms of selective attention (aka exogenous attention). To test these ideas, stimuli designed to evoke exogenous attention and central temporal processes were employed during BR observation. These stimuli included auditory and visual looming motion and streams of transient events of varied temporal rate and pattern. Although these stimuli exerted a strong impact over some aspects of BR, they were unable to override its characteristic stochastic pattern of alternations completely. It is concluded that BR is subject to distributed influences, but ultimately, is achieved in neural processing areas specific to the binocular conflict.


This work presents a debugging methodology for MPSoC based on deterministic record-replay. We propose a general model of MPSoC and define a debugging cycle targeting errors by applying temporal and spatial selection criteria. The idea behind spatial and temporal selection is to consider not the entire execution of the whole application but replay a part of the application during a specific execution interval. The proposed mechanisms are connected to GDB and allow for a visual representation of the considered part of the trace. The approach is validated on two execution platforms and two multimedia applications.