This study aims to examine the companies within the pharmaceutical industry in terms of the PRAT model (i.e. the rate of sustainable growth of these companies). The period considered in the study is limited to six financial years, i.e. from 2009 to 2014. Following the application of this model, we found that most of the companies that were part of the research sample were not able to sustain their activities solely from their own resources. Thus, they were forced to resort to attracting external funding sources. It was found that the inflation rate and the growth rate of the gross domestic product have a significant influence on sustainable growth. Upon completion of the forecast on the future evolution of sustainable growth for the time interval 2015-2020, we noticed a decrease in the PRAT indicator. This evolution is due not only to increased borrowing but also to the declining profitability of the examined entities, indicating the impossibility of companies to use their assets efficiently so as to make a profit.


An increasingly visible tool in identifying risk is controlling. Its tasks include collecting, processing, and analyzing information. Thus, in the stage of identifying the risk management process, controlling should supply management with information regarding the impacts of risks on particular departments of the company. The purpose of this article was to emphasize the role of controlling in the risk management process within an organization. This objective was achieved through a study of literature from research conducted in the field. Over the course of this study, the value of controlling and its role in the risk management process were revealed. Also, the role of budgeting was shown to be a key tool of controlling in the process of risk management. The implementation of controlling in a company permits full use of information and enables the use of modern management techniques, thereby facilitating making good decisions to rectify or mitigate risk for a specific organization or unit.


Quantitative precipitation estimates require accurate measurements of reflectivity (Z) and differential reflectivity (ZDR). Accurate measurements of ZDR depend on its calibration, i.e., obtaining the system ZDR (ZDRsys) sometimes also called system ZDR bias. According to the WSR-88D's specifications, ZDRsys should be obtained with accuracy of 0.1 dB. The RF parts of radar hardware: the antenna, waveguides, couplers, circulators, power divider, and low noise amplifiers (LNA) introduce different amplifications/attenuations in the Hand V-channels that are the sources of ZDR bias. The IF (intermediate frequency) digitizer (IFD) may also contribute to ZDRsys (Fig. 1). The signal processor RVP is a measurement device.


Objectives: To ensure handover in LTE system and to improve the overall network performance, besides diminish negative effects of handover like HO failures. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The impact of handovers on the system performance is more serious when there is an external interference i.e. when LTE system coexists with other mobile systems operating in the same geographical area. In this research we study the performance of a system in coexistence with other LTE network by Monte-Carlo method with the help of SEAMCAT software. We reduce the influence of external interference to ensure the network performance. Findings: The SINR received by the user and its data rate were studied when the users move on the network. Then, the handover failure rate was investigated to design and optimize the network. The simulation results indicated that to achieve a better performance in the network, it is necessary to consider a protective distance between the systems that operate in the adjacent band. with the design of appropriate filters in the transmitter and receiver to control and attenuate the power received from the adjacent band, the protective distance between the two networks can be reduced leading to improved received SINR. Thus, according to the design and optimization purposes, by developing an appropriate protective distance and controlling the received power from the interference system, the desired network performance could be achieved. Application/Improvements: For the future research it would be great to design some filters so the coexistence network could operate without any distance.


Aimed at the structure of ultrasonic motor with wave traveling, it presented an approximate calculating method of stator resonance frequency by simplifying composite material of stator model.With FEM the stator vibration mode and resonance frequency were given.As the similar results of two methods,it showed that the approximate method on the basis of simplified model could reflect reality of stator vibration.This was useful to define reasonably relevant parameters in construction design, and to raise efficiency and function of motor


Sanskrit literature have contributed immensely to the field of historical study, it is Pāṇini who in his Aṣṭādhyāyī, first set a linguistic model with historical datas for the description of language in 5th Century B.C. Kāśikā-Vṛtti of Jayāditya and Vāmana is a well-coded gloss on Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. The present study discusses some historical evidences found in Kāśikā in the form of examples and counter examples which are supplied by its authors to illustrate the working of the aphorisms of Aṣṭādhyāyī. Throughout the world, the scholars have shown great interest in the field of language-analysis and in this respect Sanskrit grammatical literature have contributed immensely by studying language-behavior of Ancient India. Like any other ancient language of any part of the globe, Sanskrit has been the successful means of carrying reflections of the ancient Indian cultural heritage. Sanskrit grammarians too have not lagged behind in this mission. As objective recorders of facts, Indian grammarians have tried to reveal various aspects for the study of ancient Indian history. Knowledge of Panini's grammar is essential for Sanskrit language. The name of Aṣṭādhyāyī comes before us by saying the grammar of Panini. Aṣṭādhyāyī is a composition of aphorisms. It is difficult to explain the meaning of aphorisms without the help of commentary text. The enormous commentaries are available on this. They deal with different perspectives of research and study. Kāśikā or Kāśikā-Vṛtti is a 'gloss' whose purpose is to precisely explain sūtras(aphorisms) without leaving any doubt in the minds of the readers. To illustrate the working of aphorisms of Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī, the author of Kāśikā supply historical data in the form of examples and counter examples. Examples of Sanskrit grammatical text constitute a livelily norms of language-use which may be considered as one of its primary aspects. The description of this aspect of language-use in society in relation to various facts of social life tends to be interesting and the legitimate goal of historical investigation. It is taken for granted that the trimuni vyākaraṇa samples and records facts of ancient India from the source of natural speech. Coming unto the time of Jayāditya and Vāmana, the natural speech might be progressing rapidly towards a theoretical possibility. Still the historical recording mainly of diachronic nature noticed in the Kāśikā Vṛtti (KV) makes it appropriate a text of historical investigation. It will not be out of place to prepare below a brief but relevant outline of the nature and necessity of historical investigation when Pāṇini is claimed to be a scholar of the science of ancient Indian history having the critical attitude of accurate recording of facts in his Aṣṭādhyāyī.


Summary:  Purpose: Management of seizures in learning disabled people is challenging. This prospective study explored the efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive topiramate (TPM) in patients with learning disability and refractory epilepsy attending a single centre.


The concern on observed climate change has increased the utilization of renewable energy sources. The harvesting of solar energy is recognized as one of the key issues in reducing green house gas emission. Reliable solar-energy systems composing of solar arrays and their interfacing converters are of prime importance in uninterrupted solar energy production. The interfacing maximum-power-point converters are implemented usually by modifying the conventional voltage-fed converters. Actually, the modifications change the converter into a current-fed converter with corresponding steady-state and dynamic properties. The paper investigates the true properties of these transformed converters based on theory and practical measurements. As an example a direct-duty-ratio-controlled voltage-fed buck converter is shown to be transformed into a current-fed boost-type converter.


An effective Proca Lagrangian action is used to address the vector condensation Lorentz violation effects on the equation of state of the strongly interacting fermions system. The interior quantum fluctuation effects are incorporated as an external field approximation indirectly through a fictive generalized Thomson Problem counterterm background. The general analytical formulas for the d dimensions thermodynamics are given near the unitary limit region. In the non-relativistic limit for d = 3, the universal dimensionless coefficient ξ = 4 / 9 and energy gap ∆ /ε f = 5 / 18 are reasonably consistent with the existed theoretical and experimental results. In the unitary limit for d = 2 and T = 0, the universal coefficient can even approach the extreme occasion ξ = 0 corresponding to the infinite effective fermion mass m ∗ = ∞ which can be mapped to the strongly coupled two-dimensions electrons and is quite similar to the three-dimensions Bose-Einstein Condensation of ideal boson gas. Instead, for d = 1, the universal coefficient ξ is negative, implying the non-existence of phase transition from superfluidity to normal state. The solutions manifest the quantum Ising universal class characteristic of the strongly coupled unitary fermions gas.


The effect of phenolic compounds and protein matrix on microbial fermentation of three sorghum grains (S1, S2 and S3) were studied in vitro. Total phenolics and total tannins concentration (g/kg dry matter, DM) were 1.5 and 0.2 for S1, 19.3 and 8.1 for S2 and 2.6 and 1.3 for S3. Protein enzymatic digestibility was 0.614, 0.226 and 0.454, respectively. Trial 1 was conducted for 24 h, without or with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to determine the effect of phenolic compounds on fermentation. Without PEG, gas production for S1 was the highest after 24 h (257, 237 and 238 mL/g organic matter, for S1, S2 and S3; p<0.05), and higher proportion of propionate at the expense of acetate was recorded with S3 after 6 h. Gas produced with S1 and S3 remained unaffected (p>0.10), but increased in S2 by 0.21 to 0.30 with vs. without PEG. No differences in gas production between S1 and S2 were observed with PEG, S3 recording the lowest (p<0.05) values from 8 h onwards. Addition of PEG reduced proportion of butyrate (p<0.05) and increased three-fold lactate (1.62 vs. 4.98 mM; p<0.001). In Trial 2 (12 h) gas production followed a similar pattern. Without PEG, starch disappearance was the highest in S1 (0.356, 0.231 and 0.216, respectively), but no differences were recorded with PEG. Considering differences in protein digestibility and the effect of phenolic compounds, the effect of starch nature and structure on fermentation is apparently minor. Colour of grain is not necessarily related to   phenolic compounds proportion or rumen utilization.


ME D I C A L SC I E N C E S. composing the facets of the octaedral crystals, which are formed by arsenious acid when it sublimes. SomeON THE DETECTION OF ARSENIC IN MEDICO-LEGAL times the three equal angles, composing a corner of the RESEARCHES, BY REINSCH'S TEST. BY ROBERT octaedre, may be seen by turning the glass in various CHRISTISON, M.D., PROFESSOR OF MATERIA MEDICA directions. If triangular facets cannot be distinguished, IN THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. owing to the minuteness of the crystals, then shake out


This article deals with the study of the vitrification mechanism as an inertization method for coal ashes contaminated with heavy metals. Ashes from coal (thermoelectric) and wastes from mining of fluorite and feldspar and from plating were used to compose vitreous systems using a mixture design. The chemical composition of the wastes was determined by XRF and the formulations were melted at 1450°C for 2 h using 10% (mass) of Na2CO3 (as a fluxing agent). The glasses were poured into a mold and annealed (600°C). The characteristic temperatures were determined by thermal analysis (DTA, air, 20°C/min) and the mechanical behavior by HV. As a result, the softening temperature is strongly dependent on silica content of each glass, and the fluorite residue, being composed mainly by silica, strongly affects on the glass transition (Tg) and softening (Ts) temperatures. The hardness by micro-indentation of all glasses is mainly affected by the plating (galvanic) residue due to the high iron and zinc content of this waste.


Autonomous electronic label (1) for storing product-related data with - a communication interface (2) for receiving sensor data from sensor units and for receiving rules that specify the conditions under which predetermined data is to be acquired and stored, and - a working memory (7) for storing the received data, - wherein the autonomous electronic tag (1) is mountable on a product or packaging of the product, - a rule base (6) for storing the rules, - a rule engine (4) for checking the conditions - an agent (3) to generate messages to request data if a corresponding rule is satisfied, - wherein the control machine (4), the conditions to obtain the corresponding data is checked based on facts that of the agent (3) are obtained via external services, - wherein the agent (3) stores data to be requested in an agenda and generates the messages based on this agenda, wherein a prioritization in the acquisition of data takes place, - wherein the communication interface (2) is further adapted to send the generated message, - wherein the communication interface (2) as a radio frequency identification (RFID) and / or Bluetooth interface is formed.


Considering textures, chemical analyses and mineral assemblages of the Sambagawa metamorphic rocks, some insight to the growth stage of albite-porphyroblasts was obtained. There are two types of titanite in the pelitic schists studied: 1) minute grains (up to 0.35 mm in length) in the matrix and 2) euhedral coarse grains (up to 0.6 mm in long axis) included in albite porphyroblasts. The minute titanite formed during the prograde stage, because it is a member of the main foliation-forming minerals. It suggests that albite-porphyroblasts crystallized after the titanite had formed. The textures and chemical compositions of garnet suggest that its growth finished near the thermal climax of metamorphism. The euhedral titanites with inclusions of euhedral garnet formed at the culminating stage of metamorphic temperature, therfore the albite porphyroblasts including the euhedral titanites formed during a retrograde stage.


Despite the progress in micromachining technology, adhesion and friction remain key issues that limit the realization and reliability of many microdevices. Conventional approaches to abate the deleterious effects adhesion and friction rely on the deposition of organically-based anti-stiction monolayers produced from liquid-phase processes. It has become widely accepted that liquid-phase monolayer processes are less desireable than vaporphase processes, especially for manufacturing purposes. Thus, current research is aimed at the development of vapor-phase anti-stiction processes that yield comparable or better films than their corresponding liquid-phase processes. To date, a variety of monolayer systems that have been well established via liquidphase deposition processes have been adapted to vapor processes. In this review paper, current trends in anti-stiction technology and a discussion of available vapor-phase anti-stiction methods are presented.


A path in an edge-colored graph is said to be rainbow if no color repeats on it. An edge-colored graph is said to be rainbow $k$-connected if every pair of vertices is connected by $k$ internally disjoint rainbow paths. The rainbow $k$-connection number $\mathrm{rc}_k(G)$ is the minimum number of colors $\ell$ such that there exists a coloring with $\ell$ colors that makes $G$ rainbow $k$-connected. Let $f(k,t)$ be the minimum integer such that every $t$-partite graph with part sizes at least $f(k,t)$ has $\mathrm{rc}_k(G) \le 4$ if $t=2$ and $\mathrm{rc}_k(G) \le 3$ if $t \ge 3$. Answering a question of Fujita, Liu and Magnant, we show that \[ f(k,t) = \left\lceil \frac{2k}{t-1} \right\rceil \] for all $k\geq 2$, $t\geq 2$. We also give some conditions for which $\mathrm{rc}_k(G) \le 3$ if $t=2$ and $\mathrm{rc}_k(G) \le 2$ if $t \ge 3$.


Bread is the staff of life for a large portion of the world's population. Hence, its composition has been a major concern of physician and government alike, particularly since we became vitamin conscious. The advantages of the various brands of so-called wholewheat bread have been widely advertised; but the consumer, by and large, has been little impressed by these nutritional considerations. The public in general continues to request white bread and the housewife, specifically, white flour-as had her ancestors as far back as can be traced. In addition, yellow wheat meal is notoriously hard to bake and has a tendency to become sticky and unattractive because the dough does not rise so well. The baker, therefore, referred the consumer's desire to the miller, with the result that the treatment of wheat flour with a bleaching and softening agent has become the universal custom in the wheat-consuming Anglo-Saxon countries [Dunlap (1)]. The agent most used for this purpose during the last 25 years has been Nitrogen Trichloride (NCI 3) , commercially called "agene." There is no case on record of any untoward effects on human beings from bread so treated. In 1946, Sir Edward Mellanby (2) of the British National Research Councilon the suggestion of a dog-minded miller-began a systematic investigation of the possible connection between agene-treated flour and a disease of dogs which had troubled their owners in Great Britain during the last score of years, viz. "running fits", also called "dog hysteria". He demonstrated that this disease could be produced in growing dogs by including in their diet flour that had been improved and bleached by NCI 3, the agene process. The same flour when untreated did not produce the nervous condition. "Affected dogs returned towards normal, and the typical hysteria and fits stopped when the agenized flour was removed from the diet and replaced by unimproved flour of the same grist." The problem was immediately taken up and elaborated in various laboratories of the U. S. A. It turned out that the action of NCl 3 was species bound and neurotoxic only to dogs, ferrets and rabbits, but not to guinea pigs, cats, monkeys and men [Pollock and Kark (3)]. The electroencephalogram of dogs suffering from "canine hysteria" or "running fits" was similar to that of epilepsy in man. Progressive EEG changes terminating in seizures could be produced by feeding or injecting one of the proteins of flour such as gliadin, glutamin, casein, after treatment with NCl 3 [Silver et al (4)]. However, no noxious effects were obtained in men even when enormous doses of the various agenized proteins were given. Twenty persons, some of them known epileptics, were placed on a diet containing 20 times the usual amount of agenized flour for 2


Simple Summary The use of alternative proteinaceous feedstuffs is under investigation worldwide, due to the increased economic and ecological burdens of soybean meal, especially for dairy farms. Here, we examined whether the partial substitution of soymeal by a mixture of locally produced flaxseed and lupins could affect milk yield and fertility parameters of dairy cows during the transition period. Milk yield and composition were examined. The dietary treatment affected neither milk yield nor its composition. Animals offered the diet with flaxseed and lupin seeds expressed the first postpartum estrus and conceived earlier than control cows. These results imply that the replacement of soymeal with flaxseed and lupin is a profitable feed modification, which benefits overall fertility in dairy cows. Abstract Flaxseed and lupin seed were offered as an alternative dietary approach in dairy cows, through the partial substitution of soybean meal. Milk production and fertility traits were investigated. A total of 330 animals were allocated into two groups, treated (n = 176) and control (n = 154). From each group, 30 animals were selected for hematological and cytological studies. The experimental feeding period lasted for 81 days (25 days prepartum and 56 days postpartum). The control ration (group C) contained corn, barley, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, corn silage and lucerne hay; whereas, in the treatment group (group T), 50% of the soybean meal was replaced by an equal mixture of flaxseed and lupins. The two rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. Milk samples were analyzed for chemical composition, somatic cell count (SCC) content and total colony forming units (CFU). Blood samples were collected, and serum was analyzed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), acute phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloid) and lipid oxidation indices, namely thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and catalase activity. To assess polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) numbers, endometrial samples from each cow were collected on days 21 and 42. No difference was recorded between groups in milk yield (p > 0.05). In multiparous cows, NEFA (mMol/L) concentrations were significantly lower in group T than in group C on day 14 (p > 0.009) and on day 42 (p = 0.05), while no difference was detected in the group of primiparous cows. At all time points, serum TBARS and catalase values were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Multiparous cows in group T expressed the first postpartum estrus and conceived earlier than cows in group C (p ≤ 0.05). Between days 21 to 42 postpartum, the PMN reduction rate was higher in group T animals (p ≤ 0.05). Acute phase protein levels were in general lower in group T animals, and at specific time points differed significantly from group C (p ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that the partial replacement of soybean meal by flaxseed and lupins had no negative effect on milk yield or milk composition, and improved cow fertility; which, along with the lower cost of flaxseed and lupins mixture, may increase milk production profitability.


This contribution intends to follow the discussion that was already opened with the article concerning media education in Germany in n. 6/2001 of this journal and presents the more updated reflections of a pedagogical-didactic nature which was developed by experts who are directly concerned with themes connected with education to the media. The theme of innovation connected with that of training created the frame of the debate, which in the sphere of media education are focused above all on the potentialities and the limits of the new technology. The favourite themes of German pedagogy of the media are unchanged: they continue to develop and deepen the topic about media competence and they keep on researching other possible ways of critical analysis and of pedagogical reflection on the new media. Furthermore, efforts to recognize the urgency of a professional training of teachers in media education continue together with the presentation of curricular models and formation programmes personally and on line.


The Capodimonte Astronomical Observatory (OAC) has a historical archive comprised of documents attesting to the development of astronomical research in the Southern Italy, mainly pertaining to Naples. The documents span the period of years between 1802 and 1948, i.e. from 17 years before the foundation of the Observatory through the end of the Second World War. Some years ago, the archive was rearranged and an inventory was published. This paper describes the reorganisation of that archive and its progress. 1. The Capodimonte Astronomical Observatory The Capodimonte Astronomical Observatory, inaugurated in 1819, is among the most ancient institutions of Southern Italy. Thus, conscious of its historical role in Italian society, the OAC undertook the complete recovery of its archival documents. This undertaking not only brought the institution's scientific aspect to light, but also the cultural activities favored by those astronomers who were held in favour by Neapolitan society. The archival work involved the reorganisation of scientific papers into a computerised catalogue from the software "History", which was supplied by the Library Service of the Regione Lombardia. The compilation of data was carried out by expert archivists under the direction of the OAC librarians. The inventory (see Fig.1), published in 1999, (Carrino et al., 1999) is the result of the recovery project and is now available online. The URL is: http://www.na.astro.it/oacmedia/biblioteca/archivio/index.htm The OAC historical archive contains 48,000 papers ranging from the years 1802 to the end of the Second World War. The documents were untidily collected into two sections, and generically titled under two headings: "Correspondence" and "Accounting". For this reason, we needed to devise a new method of classification. Through this project, the archive has been able to retrace the Observatory's history, not only as a place for scientific research, but also as a center for cultural enlightenment in the community. Now, the newly assigned category headings, "Scientific Activity" and "Correspondence and Personal Documents", expose the public to the richness of previously unknown information. The 'Scientific Activity' category contains information on publications, 359 360 E. Olostro Cirella Figure 1. Inventario di Archivio dell'Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, 1802-1948. Front cover. The Capodimonte Astronomical Observatory Historical Archive 361 astronomical and meteorological observation notebooks, International Latitude Service, educational visits, astronomical instruments, library management, and an astronomical calendar (see Fig.2); the other category, "Correspondence and Personal Documents" collects the personal papers of the Observatory Directors. At present, the study of the archival documents has already produced some papers and others will be forthcoming. Some topics for inclusion are: • By consulting OAC's inventories, catalogues, and the correspondence concerning purchases, gifts, and exchanges of books, we will reconstruct the development of our ancient book collection. • We have produced historical panels and technical cards describing the history of the observatory's instruments currently exhibited in the OAC's Museum of Ancient Instruments. In addition, we have published a short museum guide (Stendardo, s.d.) for visitors. • We have been tracing the scientific activity of the astronomers and directors of the Capodimonte Observatory. This study has produced two papers: One concerning the life of the OAC Director, Ernesto Capocci (1798-1864)(Olostro Cirella & Virgilio, 2001); and the other, deals with astronomical developments in Naples during the last two centuries (Capaccioli & Stendardo, 2001). Two other papers regarding the life and work of OAC directors, Carlo Brioschi (1782-1833) and Emanuele Fergola (1830-1915), are in press. • We will revisit an in-depth study of the educational and public outreach programs at the OAC from its foundation to the present. Another potential project concerns the preservation of important documents through the use of digital archiving. Acknowledgments The author wishes to thank Dr. Annalina Auricchio, OAC web master, for her help in the graphical realisation of the poster exhibited during the LISA IV Congress.


A new strategy with Dynamic Competition Algorithm-DSA for energy-saving was proposed based on the analysis of energy consumption during the period of communication in sensor nodes,which decide two types of sensor nodes:the cluster master and the slave.This approach reduces both power consumption and communication bandwidth requirements.It prolongs the lifetime of sensor nodes in WSNs.


The influence of temperature and component to solubility of SiO2 in KCl-NaCl-NaF molten salt was researched by isothermal saturation method.The dissolving mechanism of SiO2 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction to quench sample of molten salt and thermodynamic analysis to the system.The results show that dissolving mechanism of SiO2 is 6NaF(L)+3SiO2(S)=Na2SiF6(L)+2Na2SiO3(L),the solubility of SiO2 increases with the increase of temperature and of NaF content and appears linearity relation to NaF content at x(KCl)?x(NaCl)=1.


Virulence analysis of powdery mildew of wheat from Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Nilgiris) on 10 Pm lines-Pm 2, Pm 3a, Pm 3b, Pm 4, Pm 5, Pm 6, Pm 7, Pm 8 and Pm Ma revealed the existence of 26 pathotypes. Four pathotypes were common in North-western India and Nilgiris (Tamil adu). Races 5 and 17 identified by Sharma and Singh (1990) tallied with avirulence/virulence combinations Pm 2, 3b, 3c, 4, 6, 7, 81Pm 3a, Ma and Pm 2, 3a, 4, 6, 81 Pm 3b, 3c, Ma identified from Himachal Pradesh. Increase in virulence on Pm 8 in orth-western India may be due to cultivation of wheat varieties derived from 'Veery'.


Curvic couplings are used in applications demanding high positional accuracy and high torque transmission; therefore, improving their design and enhancing their load-carrying capacity is crucial. This study introduced the kinematic model Curvic3D, which was developed to produce the accurate geometry of both members of a curvic coupling using a CAD system. The model enabled the complete parametrization and customization of the coupling design using important geometric parameters. The couplings produced using Curvic3D were then imported into a finite element analysis model also developed as part of this study. A detailed analysis of the stresses developed on the teeth of the concave and convex parts provided information about the behavior of the coupling under different loading conditions. Finally, a series of geometric parameters, such as the number of teeth, the number of half pitches, the root fillet radius, and gable angle were examined as to their influence on the load-carrying capacity of the curvic coupling. The study concluded that all the examined parameters have a significant effect on the tooth flank and root area stresses.


intake 0.866 0.26 g/kg/d). In ketoanalogue group decline in GFR was 3.5 ml/min in 10 months while in the control group decline in GFR was 16 ml/minute in 10 months. However, the serum albumin was maintained in supplemented group apparently because of Ketoanalogue supplementation and normal protein diet. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to very low protein diet is fundamental to ketoanalogue supplementation for retarding progression of kidney disease, but to achieve this strict adherence to low protein diet is essential with focused counselling. Serum albumin was maintained in supplemented group, apparently because of ketoanalogue supplementation and normal protein intake (0.7g/kg/d instead of 0.4g/kg/d), This needs to be explored with more studies if ketoanalogue can be given to predialysis patients with 0.6 g/kg/d protein in order to prevent or mitigate malnutrition in malnourished CKD patients.


The complexity and richness of spatial data models and geographic information systems(GISs)together with the popularity of WWW have led to an increasing number of heterogeneous and autonomous geo-referenced information sources that spread over Internet.To integrate and publish geographic information,a challenge is to match schemas between two arbitrary GML documents.In this paper,An GML schema matching processor supporting spatial information integration is designed,in which document schema is first transformed to a tree.and then a similarity formula is introduced to measure the semantic and structural matching degrees of two documents based on the transformed trees.


Here we discuss the influence of the mother and father on the behaviors of a juvenile Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). This species is known for being solitary and asocial, in that males and females do not live together, while living in their natural environment. However, adults are usually housed together in zoo settings. We observed a juvenile and both of her parents in their zoo enclosure and recorded the play and parentally influenced behaviors, such as swinging and eating, performed by the juvenile. It was found that the juvenile played and performed parentally influenced behaviors significantly more while in the presence of her mother than with her father, and while in the presence of both parents than when with a specific parent. Our study highlights the importance of looking at behavioral interactions within a species that usually has limited to no interactions in the wild. It is essential to compare the differences between members of the same species who have been either bred and kept in captivity or lived their entire lives in the wild because once those differences are discovered, zoo enrichment activities, food offerings, and housing structures can be changed so as to create the most natural conditions for these animals. This article is available in The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/ur/vol17/iss1/8 Parental Influences on the Behavior of a Juvenile Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) Raechel McUmber, Sarah Robarts, and Dr. Gregory Cunningham Bornean Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) are native to Asia and primarily exist in the lush rainforests of Borneo, Indonesia. However, due to current events such as deforestation and flash burning, habitat loss has significantly increased for these animals. Due to this, current research conducted in the wild environment has been extremely limited because the sample size of these animals has decreased dramatically and they are becoming harder to find. There are, however, earlier studies that illustrate the social systems of these animals. For example, Van Shaik & Van Hoof (1996) showed that Orangutans are a semi-solitary species that come together only to mate or gather food. Additionally, sexual selection acts more heavily on the males so they will attempt to mate as much as possible in order to pass on their genes, while females perform all of the parental care from start of pregnancy to the end of the seven-year maturation period for their offspring. This solitary lifestyle and heavy sexual selection on the males sets up the idea that the offspring of a pair of Orangutans will present behaviors that closely mirror those of the mother, since the mother is the only parent to provide any parental care. Food sharing, particularly between the mother and her offspring, plays an essential role in the development of all Orangutan offspring. The informational hypothesis strives to explain this reasoning due to the fact that obtaining food from older individuals may allow the offspring to acquire the knowledge needed to make their own dietary choices as they age. On the other hand, the nutritional hypothesis states that food sharing allows increased growth rates and reduces the age at which weaning occurs. Research done by Jaeggi et al. (2008) shows that wild Bornean Orangutan mothers will food share with offspring a majority of the time, but only on when the offspring is the one to initiate the sharing event. Mothers were passive but tolerant actors throughout the process, only resisting the sharing attempt 5.1% of the time. This study found that the nutritional hypothesis was only supported in the sense that offspring would more often than not take food with a higher nutritional content. The informational hypothesis was supported by the fact that younger offspring solicited more food, the variety of the food solicited declined with age (demonstrating learning), and food items the offspring could not yet attain by themselves were solicited from the mothers. It can be concluded that the offspring rely more heavily on the mothers than the fathers, and form social relationships in that regard. Due to these observations of wild Orangutans, we were curious about food sharing and other interactions between captive Orangutans that have never lived in the wild. Although the social systems of wild Bornean Orangutans are minimally understood due to a lack of research, the social systems of captive, group-living Bornean Orangutans are well understood. Some research has shown that the quality of the food provided and the social factors present may influence male Orangutan development, which is a top concern for those who care for these animals in zoo environment (Schurmann & Van Hooff 1986). Edwards & Snowdon (1979) found that male and female adult Bornean Orangutans living in captivity tend to become more social than their wild counterparts. In the wild, males and females 1 McUmber et al.: Parental Influences on a Bornean Orangutan Published by Fisher Digital Publications, 2016 only meet to mate, but, in captive environments where males and females are housed together, mating attempts compose very few of the total social interactions adults have. The rest of these interactions are classified as being social or playful, and include using toys or swinging together. The housed juveniles are also extremely social beings, however, as they had been born and raised in captivity, constantly surrounded by other Orangutans, which is the complete opposite of what would happen in the wild. The juveniles show that they are easily adaptable to this social environment, and the solitary lifestyle Orangutans have in the wild may not be evolutionarily engrained. All of the presented information, including the dependency of offspring on mothers, begs the question of how juvenile and adult Bornean Orangutans interact when housed together in captivity. We chose to address this issue. Specifically, we chose to research whether or not maternal influences would have a higher impact on a juvenile Bornean Orangutan than paternal influences. Based upon research done by Van Schaik and Van Hooff (1996), we predicted that maternal influences would exceed that of paternal influences, since the father would have no knowledge or experience caring for a juvenile. Methods Behavioral observations During the fall of 2015, we travelled to the Seneca Park Zoo in Rochester, NY to observe behaviors performed by a captive two-year-old juvenile female Orangutan, Bella, who was housed with her mother, Kumang, and her father, Denda. Observations lasted for a total of 13 hours spanning multiple afternoons (12 pm – 4 pm) and were performed both inside and outside. Recording Behaviors To determine the type of behavior performed by the juvenile, we differentiated between parentally influenced behaviors and play behaviors. Parentally influenced behaviors included: eating, sleeping, interaction with the parent present, and "other" which consisted of vocalizations to the parents and social interactions with the zookeeper in the presence of the parents. Play behaviors included: walking, climbing, swinging, and interacting with the enrichment provided by the zoo. We also noted whether behaviors were performed in the presence of an individual parent, both parents, or alone. To record the total number of behaviors performed in the time period, we tallied each occurrence in the corresponding category. Statistical analysis We were interested in discovering whether parental and play behaviors based on Kumang and Denda's influences on Bella statistically differed when Bella was in the presence of one parent or the other. Chisquared tests were performed to analyze each of the four data sets we compiled after completing the data collection.


Objective To investigate giant abdominal tumor resection techniques.Methods 34 patients with abdominal mass ≥10 cm,weight ≥1.0 kg,in whom 14 kinds of giant abdominal tumor resection techniques were employed,were analyzed retrospectively.Results Giant abdominal tumors in 34 patients were removed successfully,and 26 cases of malignant tumor and 8 cases of benign tumor were confirmed by pathological diagnosis respectively.Conclusions Giant tumor is a rare abdominal tumor.Surgical resection is currently the only treatment.Satisfactory results can be obtained by using these 14 surgical resection techniques.


Study of a protein water solution dehydration processes gives rise to a novel diagnostics methods [1,2]. Self-assembly of a drying bioliquid depends on many physical and physicochemical parameters, the slightest changes of which induce essential changes in size, arrangement and symmetry of characteristic elements of observed patterns. Various pathological processes, being taking in human organism, cause alteration of the physicochemical state of explored bioliquid. Further investigation of this problem requires instrument making it possible to efficiently track in real time drop spatial formation that would allow study of dehydration dynamics and influence of chemical and physical parameters of the solution on it.


This study aimed to test the effectiveness of using the Indonesian Quick Response Code (QRIS) standard to increase revenue in three small and medium enterprises, KL Coffe, Kopi Ketjeh and Marley's Kedaton in Bandar Lampung City. This study uses a qualitative approach using the theory of planned behavior as a basis for formulating interview questions and data analysis. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with three relevant business actors (MSMEs). The data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the use of the Indonesian Standard Quick Response Code (QRIS) significantly increased the revenue of the studied SMEs.


Vulnerability assessments are important tools for revealing the most harmful environmental and societal impacts of climate change. Development agencies use them to identify climate change regions at the hotspot and formulate appropriate adaptation measures accordingly. In this context, our work demonstrates how to use a standardized approach to vulnerability assessments and emphasizes the need for Geoinformatics as key tools to include spatial analysis and vulnerability mapping in output evaluation and visualization. Preliminary findings from a vulnerability assessment conducted for J&K indicate the possibilities of using such a strategy, however, there are limitations as well that lie primarily in impact assessment, selection of indicators and reliability and heterogeneity of datasets.


The known moss flora of the Liquidambar forest of Mexico con- sists of 194 species, 1 subspecies and 7 varieties which can be grouped in 8 phytogeographic elements according to their overall distribution. Four of these elements are strictly American and constitute nearly 70 percent of the total; the remaining 4 have wider ranges. In general this moss flora has a wide altitudinal and latitudinal spread in Mexico as evidenced by high Coefficients of Community and IBD (Index of Biotal Dispersity) values. Historically, the Liquidambar forest moss flora is largely the result of migration at various times through the Central American bridge and Antillean Arc. The present mixture of "tropical" and "temperate" species in the Liquidambar forest of Mexico is due to climatic deterioration and altitudinal and latitudinal dis- placement of vegetation in Quaternary time. Certain vegetational communities in eastern Mexico are characterized by a mixture of elements with both tropical and temperate affinities. Miranda and Sharp (1950) characterized these communities and analyzed their floristic relations based primarily on the known vascular flora. Carlson (1954), Crum (1951), Dressler (1954), Hernandez et al. (1951), Martin (1958), Rzedowski (1965), Sharp (1945, 1946a,b), Sharp et al. (1950) and others have also discussed aspects of the phytogeography of taxa within these communities. G6mez-Pompa (1965, 1966), Leopold (1950), Miranda and Her- nandez (1963) and Sousa (1968) have described the vegetation. These publications show that in certain areas of eastern Mexico the flora includes, among others, species of Carpinus, Clethra, Liquidambar, Magnolia, Nyssa, Oreopanax, Ostrya, Podocar- pus, Quercus and Turpinia. However, there is no general agreement on the age of these taxa in Mexico (cf. Braun, 1955; Martin & Harrell, 1957; Sharp, 1953). In this paper aspects of moss distribution, history and floristic relationships of areas of eastern Mexico in which Liquidambar occurs (Fig. 1) are discussed. Some infor- mation on this subject is already available from several publications cited above and such others as Bowers and Sharp (1975), Bowers et al. (1973), Crum and Sharp (1953) and Manuel (1972). To date, however, the moss flora of the Liquidambar forest of Mexico is only partly known, mostly through study of the floristic relations with the southeastern United States. Other geographical relationships have been implied, but not discussed, in previous articles.


St Andrew's Day Paediatric Symposium Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow: 232–242 St Vincent Street, Glasgow G2 5RJ 30 November 2018 (Abstracts printed as supplied to the SMJ) Abstracts for Research and Audit Presentationss for Research and Audit Presentations A single centre retrospective review of acute kidney injury in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia Aoife Ryan, Megan Gilhooley, Neil Patel and Ben Reynolds Department of Neonatology, Royal Hospital for Children, UK


Demands for access of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) to the United States National Airspace System (NAS) continue to increase. A vital safety component of manned aircraft in the NAS is the onboard pilot's ability to see and avoid other aircraft. UAS must possess the capability of remaining safely separated from other aircraft without an onboard pilot. Detect and Avoid (DAA) systems are needed for this purpose, but requirements for the systems have not been determined to date. To fill this gap, RTCA, Inc., Special Committee 228 (SC-228) is currently working to develop Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for UAS that will include a proposed quantitative well-clear definition and DAA system requirements. This paper discusses a study of the sensitivity of the DAA timeline contribution of UAS maneuver performance requirements associated with the well-clear definition in the case of high-speed encounters. Initial time and range requirements derived in accordance with the quantified DAA Well Clear definition and statute speed limitations may be overly restrictive considering current on-board radar needed to detect aircraft not equipped with a transponder. In order to facilitate NAS-wide integration, a trade space analysis has been performed investigating the derivation of performance requirements based on lower, yet statistically relevant, aircraft speeds. An initial assessment of the associated risks was also investigated. Some of the results are presented herein; more detailed results were made available to SC-228.


Currently, realizing the coordinated green development of the economy and environment has become the focus of all walks of life. To achieve this goal, it is important for cities to promote carbon reduction. China has implemented a low-carbon city pilot (LCP) policy since 2010 to achieve green transformative development. In this context, this study aims to assess whether the LCP policy achieves carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. Using 2007-2019 prefecture-level panel data from China and a time-varying difference-in-difference (DID) model, we conduct a quasi-natural experiment. The empirical results show that the carbon emission intensity (CEI) is greatly reduced in cities that implemented the LCP policy. Compared with the control group, the average value of CEI of cities in the experimental group is approximately three percentage points lower, and the robustness test results prove the reliability of the baseline estimates. In addition, we examine the time lag effect and find that in the experimental group, the CEI of cities is significantly lower in the fourth year and has a tendency to gradually increase. Meanwhile, the heterogeneity analysis in this research groups the samples according to economic development, population agglomeration and resource endowment. We find that in cities with better economic development, higher population agglomeration and relatively underdeveloped resource endowment, there is a greater reduction in CEI. Finally, we conduct a mechanism test and find that in the experimental group, the CEI of cities is severely reduced due to industrial structure optimization, environmental enforcement strengthening and technological innovation capabilities enhancement.


Characterizing the wetting properties of fibers is crucial for many research and industry applications, including textiles for water-oil separation and composite materials. Those fibers are often soft, typically tens of micrometers in diameter but millimeters in length, making manipulation and characterization difficult. Contact angles of single fibers are usually determined by droplet shape analysis or force-based Wilhelmy method. However, these methods are unable to accurately measure contact angles above $60^{\circ}$ or ensure reliable control of the liquid-fiber interaction process, especially for soft fibers prone to bending. Consequently, reliable characterization of the advancing and receding contact angles of single fibers remains a challenge. Here we report a novel method for characterizing the advancing and receding contact angles of both soft and rigid single fibers using a millimeter-sized droplet probe affixed to a disk and a numerical model of the system. By analyzing side-view images, we extract key geometrical parameters of the disk-droplet-fiber system, which, when used in detailed simulations, allows estimating the contact angle of fibers ranging from $20^\circ$ to $140^\circ$. We applied this method to characterize three distinct micro-fibers: a highly hydrophilic rigid borosilicate glass fiber, a mildly hydrophilic soft PET fiber, and a rigid hydrophobic tungsten wire coated with a commercial super-repellent coating.


The effects of histrionicotoxin (HTX) and dihydroisohistrionicotoxin (DHTX) on the depolarization produced by carbamylcholine on the monocellular electroplax preparation of Electrophorus electricus and on binding of [3H]acetylcholine to membrane fragments rich in acetylcholine receptor protein from Torpedo marmorata are described. HTX and DHTX at concentrations of 1.0 µM reversibly and noncompetitively blocked the steady-state depolarization produced by carbamylcholine on the monocellular electroplax preparation. On the other hand, neither HTX or DHTX blocked the binding of [3H]acetylcholine to membrane fragments rich in acetylcholine receptors, even at concentrations of 500 µM. Rather, both toxins increased the affinity of [3H]acetylcholine for the receptor protein in its membrane environment at concentrations which blocked the carbamylcholine effect on the electroplax. The similarity between the effects of histrionicotoxin and those of certain local anesthetics suggests that at the receptor level histrionicotoxin acts as a powerful local anesthetic.


Catfish is one of the freshwater fish commodities that has fast growth and has high economic value. This fish is consumed in both fresh and processed form, where one of the processed fish that is in high demand is catfish sali. This research was conducted in Koto Masjid Village in December 2021. The purpose of the study was to determine the production, income and profits of the catfish sale business. The method used in this study is a survey method, data analysis is carried out by analyzing income and profits. Respondents in the study were catfish sali entrepreneurs, catfish cultivators, traders and community members who helped the broiler business. The results showed that the production of catfish sali has increased every year where in 2020 it increased by 3.64% compared to the previous year and in 2021 it increased by 32.4%. This situation causes the income and profits received by the catfish sali entrepreneurs to continue to increase along with the increase in the amount of production. The increase in profits was due to the increasing number of production while production costs did not increase.


In this research, multi-valued vowel systems are investigated to find optimal values for features like the advancement, height, and roundedness of vowels. For this purpose, two constraints are supposed to be satisfied: Values for the roundedness feature can discriminate, and the distance between an unrounded vowel and a corresponding rounded vowel may be small enough to show.


Current study evaluates the quality of life and spiritual well-being in HIV/Aids people. Two hundred HIV individuals were taken as samples (111 women and 89 men), aged between 19 to 67 years old, 143 symptomatic/Aids and 57 asymptomatic, 62.5% had taken anti-retroviral therapy. Results point to a significant correlation between the quality of life (WHOQOL-HIV bref) and spiritual well being (SWB). The spiritual, religiosity and personal beliefs and the subscale religious well being had the highest scores. Significant correlations were obtained in symptomatic/Aids group between quality of life concerning physical, social relationship and spiritual, religiosity and personal beliefs with the religious well-being, the existential well being and the spiritual well-being. The importance of the variables religiosity and spirituality within the resilience and health protection process was also discussed. Discussing health protection in research, in psychologist's interventions and in health public policies should be enhanced.


Cement production also results in the release of a significant amount of solid waste materials and gaseous emissions. In addition, of the cement production marble quarrying and processing evolves a huge amount of wastage. During marble processing, 30% of the stone (in case of unprocessed stone) goes to scrap because of being in smaller size and/or irregular shape. Produced wastage have dangerous effect on the environment, which includes affecting the fertility of the soil, water pollution and air pollution. Among the potential areas in Ethiopia, the Benishangul Gumuze Region is reach in marble stone. Therefore this problems should be reduced by using marble as cement replacement. The main objective of this research is to investigate the partial replacement of cement with marble dust powder in C-25 concrete production with marble found in Benishangul Gumuz. To check these, marble was collected from Mankusha site and processed for the lab experiment. The physical properties and the chemical composition of the marble dust powder was determined. In addition to this, split Tensile, flexural and compression tests for hardened concrete were conducted for 7, 14 & 28 days by replacing cement with marble dust powder from 5% to 20%. Controlling mix C-25 with 0% marble dust powder was prepared. The 28th compressive strength test result for 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% are 45.7MPa, 46.2MPa, 46.77MPa, 46.10MPa and 45.05MPa respectively. And the 28th split tensile strength test result for 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% are 2.91MPa, 3.01MPa, 3.24MPa, 3.15MPa and 2.64MPa respectively. The result for flexural strength test for 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% are 5.27MPa, 5.38MPa, 5.7MPa, 6.31MPa and 5.78MPa respectively. The results showed maximum compressive and split tensile strength at 10% replacement of 46.77MPa and 3.24MPa respectively. Maximum of 6.31MPa flexural strength at 15% marble dust powder replacement. Therefore, marble in Mankush site has achieved a greater strength than the normal or controlled (C25) in Compressive, split tensile and flexural strength. This will has double benefits. One in protecting the region from marble waste effects and reduces cost by reducing the amount of cement required.


Holland, Mich., March 28, 1898. To the Editor: —On page 739 of theJournal, March 26,1898, under the head of "Post-Graduate Lectures at Home," it is claimed Eastern medical societies have adopted a new plan by which they increase their membership and interest in the meetings. The Grand River Valley Medical Society of Michigan adopted this plan in 1894 when at their annual meeting Prof. J. H. Etheridge was invited to be with us and read a very instructive paper; since which time we have had such men as Professors Dock and McClintock of Ann Arbor, Professors Graves, Green, Boise and Griswold of Grand Rapids. We find our meetings are made very instructive by this plan and will continue it as long as we can procure volunteers for their expenses and entertainment. Will some Chicago men volunteer for our May and August meetings, which occur on the second Tuesdays of


Refining or beating is adopted to improve bonding ability of pulp fibers thereby forming a strong and uniform paper sheet. The refining effects on pulp fibers include fiber shortening and fines generation as well as internal and external fibrillation. In general, we have been using a laboratory Valley beater instead of refiner in order to estimate refining effects on pulp fibers. Since the Valley beater is different from a disk refiner in refining mechanism, we needed to understand their representative results using the same pulp fibers. For refining of long fibered pulp, the Valley beater created shorter mean fiber length and more fines than did the disk refiner equipped with a wide bar width. On the other hand, for refining of short fibered pulp, the disk refiner equipped with a narrow bar width generated longer mean fiber length and fewer fines than did the Valley beater. For strength properties, the Valley beater contributed to better development of sheet strength than did the disk refiner. In conclusion, it must be kept in mind that the amount of refining depends upon pulp types, refiner types, plate bar pattern, stock consistency, and so on.


Although the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is developed constantly in the last decade, PH remains an incurable and difficult to treat disease due to its high life disability and dreadful survival rate. The disease is characterized by sustained vasoconstriction, progressive vascular remodeling, and irreversible right heart dysfunction. The advanced knowledge in physiopathology and classification of PH in recent years is a useful tool helping physicians to improve the choice of target treatment. In addition, the remarkable progresses in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of PH allow to develop new treatments. Actually, new therapeutic molecules have been discovered and their mechanisms of action are better understood and some are in preclinical and clinical trials. Preliminary results of these molecules with benefit effects on pulmonary arterial pressure and systemic hemodynamic gives a new hope for the future.


AbstractExisting RC moment-resisting frames (MRF) built with inadequate detailing or before the introduction of detailed seismic design codes (pre-1970s) are highly vulnerable to brittle failure me...


Similarly, distinct transmission models have emanated over the years thus forming a special focal point in the management and prevention of HIV/AIDS. In resource poor settings, management of the disease remains a task as financial, infrastructure, and committed human resources are remarkably low. The current treatment options though widely accepted is still marred with issues of accessibility, resistance, toxicity, and financial burden on the recipient patients. This chapter discusses and brings to concept the current HIV distribution pattern and microbial bioresources deployed as a preventive and treatment option.


Recently an extension officer said "I work now for 23 years in extension, but I have experienced during the last 3 years more change in my work than during the previous 20 years". Many of his colleagues have the same experience and also the literature shows many new ideas about extension approaches which make an optimal contribution to the welfare of the farm families and the realization of the goals of the agricultural development policy. This raises questions as : What are the major changes in agricultural extension? Why is there such a rapid rate of change in the present era? Which changes can we expect in the near future? These are wide questions which I can discuss in this article only in broad strokes. The intention is not to give final answers on these questions, but to stimulate discussion on these important topics. A new scientific idea usually meets first with resistance among scientists who have used a different approach to solve problems. After some time when people get converted, they become very enthusiastic about this new idea. However, in using this idea they experience that this new approach has also disadvantages and they reach a stage in which they try to balance its advantages and disadvantages and to discover in which situations the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. We see the same development with new ideas in extension.


Abstract For navigation ability, a transfer of knowledge from virtual training environments to real-world scenarios has been shown in several studies in the past. The purpose of this investigation is to demonstrate the equivalence of a series of navigation tasks in complex real-world and virtual buildings. Instead of testing knowledge transfer in very simple environments, identical tasks were performed in either version of a complex building. In this investigation, 29 participants were shown twelve landmarks, followed by a battery of tasks which were carried out in the real building by half of the participants, whereas the other half performed identical tasks in a virtual model of the same environment. No significant differences or effects were found, but due to the multifaceted nature of the gathered data and large variability within groups, overlap of both groups' distributions was minimal. To discover the underlying factors of this variability, further research is needed.


Despite an initial response, most metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients will ultimately be refractory to all current therapies, including imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib. Ripretinib at 150 mg daily was recently approved as an additional line of treatment. Few options remain after ripretinib. Here we report two cases with responses to dose escalation of ripretinib after progressing on the standard dose. Case 1: A 25-year-old man was diagnosed with a kit exon 9 mutated small intestine GIST after presenting with abdominal pain. The tumor was resected, but a year later, he developed metastases to the liver and pelvis. Over the course of three years, he received multiple lines of therapies as his disease progressed, including imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib. He was then placed on ripretinib 150 mg daily. However, he had disease progression after two months. Ripretinib was increased to 150 mg twice a day, which he tolerated well. After three months, he had regression of his disease. Case 2: A 54-year-old male was diagnosed with an unresectable kit exon 11 mutated gastric GISTs after presenting with abdominal pain. Imatinib led to an 80% regression, allowing surgical excision. A year later, his disease recurred. Over the course of 5 years, due to multiple recurrences, he received two additional surgeries, with imatinib, sunitinib, regorafenib, and avapritinib on either the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting. Ultimately, he developed a metastatic GIST to the left suprarenal region, retroperitoneum, and epigastric region. He was then started on ripretinib 150 mg daily, experiencing progression of his disease in three months. Ripretinib was escalated to 150 mg twice a day, which he tolerated well, and after three months, he had a regression. Dose escalation of ripretinib leads to response in patients that progressed after the standard dose, and it is well-tolerated, being a promising new treatment option in advanced GIST.


The use of Polaroid radiography in various areas of radiology is well known and has been described in the recent literature with special reference to urological and neurosurgical procedures. The application of the Polaroid technique to lymphangiography has been justified at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania as a means to determine the position of the catheter needle in the lymphatic channel.


1H-NMR. Spectroscopic Determination of Enantiomeric Purities of Allenic Esters Using Optically Active Europium Shift Reagents

The racemic allenic methyl esters 3--7 and the racemic allenic diesters 8--10 (cf. Scheme 2) in 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (TCFE) and CCl4 in the presence of optically active tris[3-(heptafluorobutyryl)-(+)-camphorato]europium(III) (Eu(hfc)3) have induced unlike 1H-NMR. shift differences (ΔΔδ) for the protons of the methoxycarbonyl groups of their enantiomers. In some allenic esters the shift reagent causes additional separation of resonance signals; thus, further substituents on the allenic framework may be differentiated in the racemic mixture. This finding provides a widely applicable method for the determination of absolute enantiomeric purities of allenic esters and their corresponding acids. Accordingly we found for optically pure (+)-(S)-2-methyl-2,3-pentadienoic acid ((+)-(S)-13; cf. Fig. 2) a calculated [α] value of + 73.3 ± 1.8°. Finally, the substituent effects on ΔΔδ-values (cf. Table 1--3) are discussed.


The changing of mining engineering master of Henan polytechnic university was analyzed,including the enrolled type of graduate,the enrolled number,the proportion of enrolled people.These changing caused the training quality problems of the teaching,research,practical ability and psychological.Based on these problems,the influent factors of the training quality about the postgraduate was summarized,the whole evaluation index system was established.According to the important degree of influencing factors in the whole system,the weights of the influencing factors were set.


This paper intends to examine the extent of the fiscal contribution of immigrants to Korea. According to this analysis, the aim is to derive implications pertaining to the direction of Korea's immigration policy as a response to fiscal problems caused by population aging. For this
purpose, a macroeconomic model is designed to measure the lifetime net fiscal contribution of immigrants in Korea by visa type, age, and other characteristics. According to this analysis, the sum of the lifetime fiscal contribution for all immigrants in Korea is negative. This implies that immigration policy reforms that increase the inflow size while maintaining the current structure of the foreign population characteristics can rather worsen Korea's fiscal problems. This finding suggests that immigration policy reform may exacerbate Korea's fiscal soundness if it simply targets the maintenance of the numerical balance of the demographic structure.


The present invention provides a grease composition comprising (a) a base oil, (b) a lithium soap thickener, (c) from the group consisting of stearic acid Ca salt, Zn stearate and stearic acid Mg salt at least one metal from the group consisting of stearic acid salts selected from, (d) sulfurized dialkyl dithiocarbamate and molybdenum (e) sulfurized dialkyl dithiocarbamate. Further, the present invention provides a sealed Boffin de constant velocity joint (BJ) in which the grease composition, a double offset type constant velocity joint (the DOJ), a tripod type constant velocity joint (TJ) such as constant velocity joints. The composition of the present invention is excellent in wear characteristics on consumption, suitable for use in constant velocity joint.


There is often stern criticism of social segregation in modern Western society, including in the subset of Australian society. There is condemnation, indeed proscription by statute, of the division of one group, or individuals with a specific characteristic, from the wider social embrace, based on perceived race, religion, or specific cultural behaviour. Unfortunately, social commentary seems more unheeding and uncaring of another kind of segregation or dissociation that leaves everyone more socially dislocated. In modern Western society, individual lives do not overlap as they have previously, and as they still do in other societies. There are serious implications for Christian congregations, or communities, as with all gatherings of people, both internally and in their interactions with wider society. Indeed, in democracies, even government entities are not immune from the impact of dissociation and are less easily able to resolve situations that require every person's participation, although government entities may influence the material conditions to reduce dissociation. By contrast, Christian communities have the potential to counter this dissociation for themselves and for wider society.


Harrogate-News is the community website for Harrogate that has grown in a short time to be the leading online news source for the Harrogate region. ...


The degradation of bird sounds during long-range propagation depends on different parameters such as density of vegetation, height from the ground and atmospheric perturbations. We investigated whether the wren Troglodytes troglodytes, a bird species which has a high-pitched song that is very susceptible to degradation and lives in an environment that is very restricting for sound propagation, has any advantage in choosing relatively high song posts. Song degradation was investigated by analysing sound attenuation, duration of notes and silences, spectrum composition, modifications of frequency-modulated notes and amplitude fluctuations.

Our data show that the choice of an elevated song post improves the reliability of all song parameters and increases the propagation distance of the song. It also improves the male wren's ability to hear opponent songs. The results are discussed from an ecological point of view.


From geometric kharek to intricate suf, the identity of every Kutchhi woman is woven in the vibrant
stitches of types of embroidery.However, several women are forced to switch to making applique
handicrafts after when they cross 35 years of age due to their failing eyesight.


Patients and Methods: This prospective study included 60 children with IDA (boys = 20; girls = 40; age: 14.50 ± 2.04 yrs.). Blood concentrations of hemoglobin, ferritin and iron were determined. ANS function testing were carried twice (at baseline and 3 months after iron therapy). They included measuring of heart rate at rest and its variation (HRV) in response to standing and breathing and blood pressure (BP) changes in response to standing, sustained handgrip and cold.


que la curva representativa de tensión-deformación obtenida para el CVE tiene un límite de resistencia a la tracción de 0.54 MPa y una deformación específica con cerca de 767%. El CVE tiene una calidad equivalente al Granulado Escuro Brasileiro (GEB) y a la Ribbed Smoked Sheet (RSS). Se concluye que el CVE puede eliminar perfectamente la fase de pre-preparación de la goma cruda fabricada en las plantas GEB. Abstract The primary objective of this research study is to characterize the properties of the Cernambi Virgem Ecológico (CVE) rubber collected by producers in Brazil. The advance of farmed rubber has put an end to rubber extraction from the Amazon forests due to a lack of competitiveness. CVE is a new rubber type composed of small clots, clean and odorless, made from latex harvested daily. CVE is easy to manufacture, of good quality, and added value that comes directly from rubber tappers to the industry. According to tests performed, the results show that the tensile-deformation representation curve has a traction resistance limit of 0.54 MPa and that the specific deformation is close to 767%. CVE showed a quality equivalent to that of the Granulado Escuro Brasileiro (GEB) and the Ribbed Smoke Sheet (RSS). It is concluded that CVE can eliminate the pre-preparation phase of raw rubber made in GEB plants.


"This article examines the characteristics of the Africanist ideology in the novel Afrique, afrique (Marchal, 1983). In the first part, it addresses how this ideology understood Central Africa, namely by reducing the complexity of reality to a few general characteristics. Then it examines how the post-independence expressions of the Africanist Text rely on metonymy and overgeneralization as a way of describing the main ethnicities of Rwanda and Burundi. This is ultimately to highlight that regardless of their institutional status, symbolic goods written after independence reproduce colonial knowledge without questioning it, like in de Villiers's SAS broie du noir (1967) and Hatzfeld's La Stratégie des antilopes (2007)."


The invention discloses an on-line monitoring device for magnetic steel's loss of excitation for an elevator traction machine and a monitoring method. The monitoring device comprises a master controller of the traction machine and a permanent magnet synchronous motor electrically connected with the master controller of the traction machine. Operator contactors and a star-delta contactor are arranged on a main circuit between the master controller of the traction machine and the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The edge of a stator winding of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with a temperature sensor which is in signal connection with the master controller of the traction machine. The on-line monitoring device for magnetic steel's loss of excitation for the elevator traction machine has following beneficial effects: the on-line monitoring device is capable of achieving on-line monitoring of the risk of magnetic steel's loss of excitation on a star-delta state of the elevator traction machine; major elevator accidents caused by magnetic steel's loss of excitation are avoided; and safety performance of an elevator system is enhanced.


The problem of state selection when multiple metastable states compete for occupation is considered for systems that are accelerated far from equilibrium. The dynamics of the supercurrent in a narrow superconducting ring under the influence of an external electric field is used to illustrate the general phenomenology.


Bungo, one of the districts in Jambi Province, is currently rampant in PETI (Unlicensed Gold Mining). There are six sub-districts experiencing problems with unlicensed gold mining, namely Limbur Lubuk Mengkuang, Batin III Ulu, Tanah Tumbuh, Rantau Pandan, Pelepat Ilir, and Pelepat. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the policy related to PETI (Unlicensed Gold Mining) in Bungo Regency has not been clearly determined, so there are still many illegal mining, and continue to expand without control from the government or official institutions. This is evidenced by the increasing number of dompeng machines and excavator heavy equipment owned by miners.


BMS is a computer program for bond market simulation. With this computer program students can simulate the buying and selling of bonds in three different markets or scenarios, the bond market in the USA, Germany and Slovenia. By analyzing the results they can decide if passive, semi-active or active investment strategies are more appropriate for bond investments in mature or emerging financial markets. This computer software was carefully programmed in the mid nineties using CLIPPER v. 5.00 and several other utility programs so it is running on PCs with Operation Systems from MS DOS to Windows Vista


In the inventory of Christian theology and practice no subject has agitated or occupied Baptists quite as much as that of baptism. This central Christian rite has played a conspicuous part both in the emergence of the Baptists in the early seventeenth century and in their subsequent history.! Certain views of baptism figured prominently in the pilgrimage of early Baptists out of the Church of England, as they gathered their own churches and acquired their own identity. To a great extent, that identity has been stamped by the practice of immersing believers and by holding the ordinance to be essentially an "outward manifestation" and a "signe."2 The concern of Baptists for the meaning and manner of baptism has never waned as they have relentlessly propagated and advertised their views. In the interdenominational debate and strife of earlier generations Baptists have voluminously, tenaciously, and often persuasively presented their understanding of baptism." Differences on baptism have continued to be one of the major points of conflict between Baptists and other denominations. Thus, in the denominational rivalries and disputes with which the modern church has been afflicted baptism has often been at the center. The impression should not be left, however, that in these controversies with others over baptism Baptists were always agreed in their interpretation and practice. It is quite evident that not only was this ordinance the source of dissension between Baptists and other Christian


This paper presents an empirical study whose goal was to get a first impression of the need of information specialists in Austrian companies as well as the job requirements to be fullfilled. The study gives an insight into the field of information and documentation in Austrian companies. Furthermore, the need of information professionals in new fields of activities, their expected qualifications and educational skills were investigated.


. Th e analysis of construction of air fi lters of sports cars was introduced. It was showed that their basic propriety is considerably smaller fl ow drag than this of traditional air fi lters. Th e results of replacement of a factory air fi lter of a personal car engine by an air fi lter of sports car were analysed. Infl uence of this exchange on power and rotatory moment of an engine was showed. Th e necessity of investigations on propriety of fi ltration fi lters of air sports cars was showed. A methodology of laboratory tests of air fi lters of sports car was prepared. Th ere are presented the research results of fi ltration effi ciency and thoroughness characteristics and fl ow drag characteristics of sports fi lter as a function of the dust absorptiveness coeffi cient k m . Air fi ltration thoroughness was evaluated by using a particle counter of the Pamas fi rm.


Could there be life on the cold outer planets of our solar system? Building on his expertise in radar sounding and ice sheets, Dr. Donald D. Blankenship will discuss an unmanned space mission to Europa, one of Jupiter's moons, which is thought to have an ice-covered ocean that may host exotic life


Precise knowledge of the beam optics at the LHC is crucial to fulfill the physics goals of the TOTEM experiment, where the kinematics of the scattered protons is reconstructed with near-beam telescopes—so-called Roman pots (RP). Before being detected, the protons' trajectories are influenced by the magnetic fields of the accelerator lattice. Thus precise understanding of the proton transport is of key importance for the experiment. A novel method of optics evaluation is proposed which exploits kinematical distributions of elastically scattered protons observed in the RPs. Theoretical predictions, as well as Monte Carlo studies, show that the residual uncertainty of the optics estimation method is smaller than 2.5 ‰ ?> .


The problem of the stationary motion of a liquid which filled partially a certain container is considered. The motion is due to the rotation of a rod inserted in the center of a container. The solvability of this problem is proved in a weighted Holder spaces for arbitrary wetting angle. The proof is based on the results of Solonnikov .


The quality of drinking water directly influence human's health.It's become developing tendency to adopt new techniques in low concentration organic compounds of drinking water.This study analyze drinking water of Kunming using SPME GC/MS, and contrast the method of absorption onto XAD-2 resin.Almost one hundred of organic compounds contained in this drinking water.There is high sensitivity.Whole prepared process only cost 30—40 minutes.


This thesis focuses on youth unemployment in Finspang, often referred as an industrial community. The theoretical framework of the thesis is based on social constructionism and covers theoretical d ...


As part of their campaign leading up to the 2011 federal election, four versions of a Conservative Party of Canada (CPC) political advertisement aired during "ethnic television programming." These advertisements featured Asian CPC candidates viewing archival photographs of the 1914 Komagata Maru incident and Chinese Canadian railroad workers. These images are overlaid with neoliberal multiculturalism scripts about the Conservatives' recognition of our history and our community's sacrifice. By examining the apologies for the Komagata Maru incident (2008) and Chinese Canadian exclusion (2006) and the 2011 federal election campaign representations of historic anti-Asian regulation, this article explores how such discourses craft Conservative innocence and tell the story of the good political subject as an immigrant that integrates into the nation by putting race behind them.


The National Forum of Women and Population Policies was held in Puebla, Mexico, in January 1998 to assess achievements and lags in carrying out the Program of Action adopted at the International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo. The forum proposed diagnosing the current situation in order to compare existing realities with proposals contained in Mexico¿s National Population Program, the National Reproductive Health and Family Planning Program, and the Mexican program of the UN Population Fund. The lack of disaggregated information and of research, except for a handful of states with particularly grave demographic and reproductive health problems, were barriers to evaluation. It also appeared indispensable to analyze the situations of the nongovernmental organizations involved, and to define priorities among remaining tasks. Two achievements of the forum in Puebla were to reconstitute a coordinating body for follow-up of the Program of Action with a specific work plan, and to reinforce links and communication with state population councils and health institutions in order to facilitate implementation of the Program of Action. Among the 53 organizations represented at the Puebla Forum, 66% were involved in actions to fight poverty and 90% in actions to increase autonomy of women. 74% had ties to government agencies. The themes receiving most attention were sexuality and family planning, pregnancy and delivery, and HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.


It appears that all of the known algorithms for solving multistage optimization problems are based explicitly on standard dynamic programming concepts. Such algorithms are inherently serial in the sense that computation must be completed at the current stage before meaningful computation can begin at the next stage. In this paper we present a technique which recursively divides the original problem into a set of smaller problems which can be solved in parallel. This technique is based on a hierarchical (recursive) structure of aggregation and disaggregation. For a multistage process with n stages, we show that our new algorithm achieves a time complexity of O(log n), assuming O(1) states per stage. However, algorithms based only on the standard dynamic programming technique can achieve a time complexity no better than O(n). Our new algorithm is designed to operate on tightly coupled parallel computer. As some important applications, it is shown that our algorithm can serve as a fast and efficient means of decoding convolutional codes, solving routing problems in data networks, and determining minimum-fuel flight paths.


Objective:To analyze the effect of surgical times and surgical methods on surgical treatment of 365 cases of the patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:The appropriate opportune moment and pattern of operation were determined according to the general condition,the state of consciousness,the position and capacity of hemorrhage.79 cases of the patients were treated using the puncture and aspiration of hematoma and ventriculocentesis,then drainage(to put the tube for 4~ 12 days,average was 8 days)or perfusion with abburokinase.26 cases of the patients were treated by the stereotactic hemorrhage aspiration guided under CT.129 cases of the patients were treated using the hematoma dissection with a small incision and extended bone window(3~ 4 cm).131 cases were performed the hematoma dissection with craniotomy.Results:According to Glasgou outcome scale:good 92 cases (25.5% ),moderate mayhem 107 cases (29.3% ),serous mayhem 85 cases (23.9% ),vegetative life 2 cases (0.5% ),death 79 cases (21.5% ).Conclusions:The effects of surgical treatment of the disease were determined by the appropriate opportune moment and pattern of operation.The appropriate opportune moment and pattern of operation.The appropriate opportune moment and pattern of operation not only raise the survival rate but also improve the survival quality.


HOSE who from time to time speak out strongly ~ against the excessive use of drugs in psychiatric JL illness are rarely those who themselves have to try to help all the various patients concerned. It is far easier to be medically cautious and publicly critical the farther one gets away from the bedside and all the suffering concerned. It is also very difficult always to separate the use of drugs given to treat existing psychiatric illness, and similar drugs taken for prophylactic or pleasure seeking purposes. Some of these latter, as we know, create so much illness by their wrong use. But in this large field of inquiry all the groups and usages inevitably overlap to a considerable extent.


Corporate investments in new product development (NPD) initiatives are strategically effective activities that are instrumental in contributing to new product performance. Given that a fundamental nature of product development is the ability to exploit new product opportunities, the authors investigate the firm-level impact that corporate investments in knowledge workers and financial NPD resources have on new product performance. They track the resource dedication and new product financial performance of 41 firms over a seven-year period. Our results provide evidence that financial investments have a contemporaneous return on investment while knowledge worker investments provide companies with both contemporaneous and carryover returns. When formulating strategy and making NPD resource allocation decisions, managers must remain cognizant of the time-dependent nature of resource investments, the need for persistent investment, and the resulting performance impact.


This graduation project aimed to identify whether life experiences influence the perception and coping styles face of death in older adults, to fulfill this objective was established through qualitative research with a literature design, using mental mini and a semi-structured interview, which contributed to the data collection of the participants, the subjects of jurisdiction sample 4, two men and two women aged between 60 and 75, township residents Socorro and San


This article seeks to explore the effects of the introduction of the Schengen regime on the Central-Eastern European border areas, and offers relevant data on cross-border mobility, referring to Slovenian border areas as well. It deals with integration perspectives on two levels: "regional globalization", namely the integration of an increasing number of Central European countries in a wider trans-continental dimension and local aspects of cross-border co-operation.


The rst class based adaptation approaches [FGH97, Ueb97] take the use of classes in the construction of statistical m-gram models one signi cant step further than just using them as a smoothing technique: The m-gram of classes is trained on the large background corpus while the word likelihoods given the class are estimated on the small target corpus. To make full use of this technique a specialized clusteralgorithm has been developed [FGH97, Ueb97]. In this paper we extend class adaptation to make use of the m-gram distribution of the target domain. As a second independent contribution this paper introduces an e cient morphing algorithm, that tries to achieve adaptation by using a stochastic mapping of words between the vocabularies of the respective domains. As a result we can show, that for small adaptation steps class based adaptation is a very useful technique. For larger adaptation steps the perplexity of the modi ed model is greatly improved, yet no improvement over the unadapted model was observed when used in linear interpolation. Whether this is due to the fact that we use class based adaptation or that we do just modify the unigram distribution is still unresolved, although the new stochastic mapping technique might help to give an answer to this question in the future.


We have fabricated high-kappa Ni/TiO2/ZrO2/TiN metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors. A low leakage current of 8 times 10-8 A/cm2 at 125degC was obtained with a high 38- fF/mum2 capacitance density and better than the ZrO2 MIM capacitors. The excellent device performance is due to the lower electric field in 9.5-nm-thick TiO2/ZrO2 devices to decrease the leakage current and to a higher kappa value of 58 for TiO2 as compared with that of ZrO2 to preserve the high capacitance density.


Summary A new series of pyrrolo[3′,4′:3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a]furoquinolines/phenanthrolines and pyrrolo[1,2-a]phenanthrolines were efficiently built up from an 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative or phenanthroline via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction involving non-stabilized azomethine ylides, generated in situ from the parent furo[3,2-h]quinoliniums/phenanthroliums, in presence of a copper(II) chloride–phenanthroline catalytic system. The methodology combines general applicability with high yields.


Background: Hospitalization due to any reason or medical condition is associated with fear, anxiety, and depression. Psychological and physiological factors have a significant impact on hospitalization outcomes. Objectives: Given the functional importance of inflammatory cytokines and studies in previous studies on the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and major depressive disorder, we will focus more on studies on the role of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder in hospitalized patients. Methods: We used PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier databases to search for articles from 1999 to 2021, emphasizing the studies of the last five years. Results: In general, there was no consistent pattern in the observed relationships between cytokine concentrations or changes and clinical signs of significant depression. IL-2 and IL, two receptors in the body, play an essential role in the treatment and the pathophysiology of depression and major depression. Conclusion: Finally, it can be concluded that hospitalization generally exposes the patient to inflammation. Studies show an increased risk of inflammation following hospitalization of patients, and many studies confirm the association of major depression with inflammatory cytokines and, more concentrated, IL-2.


Transthyretin (TTR) is a 127‐residue homotetrameric β‐sheet‐rich protein that transports thyroxine in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the present work we aimed to study A25T dissociation, aggregation and its role in leptomeningeal amyloidosis (LA). Using HPLC and native PAGE we monitored acrylodan‐labeled TTR aggregation in the plasma. The aggregates formed, when analyzed by AFM, Thioflavin T and Congo Red binding displayed amyloid structure. We solved the crystal structures of the wt and A25T and the comparative analysis shed light into the mechanism behind A25T highly amyloidogenicity: an expanded tetramer which is stabilized by a lower number of H‐bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Interestingly, in the presence of thyroxine and flufenamic acid (an anti‐inflammatory compound), two ligands of TTR, the structure of A25T was similar to that displayed by the wt protein. Since LA symptoms suggest a local inflammation, we questioned ourselves whether A25T aggregates can induce an inflammatory response in the CNS. Microglia primary cultures incubated for 48h with aggregates composed of A25T, underwent activation, phagocytosis (which could be blocked by cytochalasin D) and presented a significant nitric oxide and IL‐1 beta secretion. These results suggest that amyloid fibrils may have a role in LA pathogenesis, exacerbating tissue damage through inflammation.


The land market in Japan has been the subject of increased scholarship since the collapse of Japan's "bubble economy" in the early 1990s. Many observers have focused on taxation and other financial aspects of land regulation, a focus justified by the fact that the land market played a large role in precipitating the rise and fall of the Japanese bubble economy.' Likewise, Japanese administrative procedure has also been the focus of international attention, in light of its significance as a structural trade


Five plastic membrane Pb2+-selective electrodes were prepared based on 1,4-bis(N-tosyl-o-aminophenoxy)butane I, 1,4-bis(N-allyl-N-tosyl-o-aminophenoxy)butane II, 1,4-bis(N-benzyl-N-tosyl-o-aminophenoxy)butane III, 1,4-bis[N-(o-allyloxybenzyl)-N-tosyl-o-aminophenoxy]butane IV, and 1,4-bis(N-octyl-N-tosyl-o-aminophenoxy)butane V as neutral carriers. The electrodes exhibited nearly Nernstian responses over the concentration ranges, 2.5×10−4–4.0×10−2, 2.5×10−5–4.0×10−2, 7.9×10−5–4.0×10−2, 2.2×10−5–4.0×10−2, and 1.9×10−4–4.0×10−2 M for electrodes composed with the ionophores I–V, respectively. All electrodes showed pH range of about 4.0 to 11.5 and working temperature range of 22 to 70 °C with isothermal temperature coefficients of 1.19×10−3, 1.16×10−3, 1.16×10−3, 1.00×10−3 , and 1.32×10−3 V/°C for electrodes I–V respectively.


In most of the developing countries including India, the agriculture stays the main economic backbone of the nation and an important source of food, income, and livelihoods for the majority of rural people. Science, technology, and innovation led the green revolution in order to combat the poverty and hunger by improving production and productivity values within the agricultural sector. Innovation systems approach on agricultural research and technological change are fast becoming a popular framework to the study of how society generates, disseminates and utilizes knowledge, science, technology, and innovation. Within the agriculture sector, horticulture considered as one of the most important subsector based on high-profit value outputs relying on intensive technology and labor inputs. This paper attempts to understand the impact of innovation and technology on the sustainability within the horticulture sector of Kashmir valley of India. Three dimensions of sustainability to be analyzed are social, economic and environmental. Agricultural Innovation System approaches used as the analytical framework to trace the actors and networks responsible for innovation and technology generation and dissemination. Farmers from various areas of Kashmir valley of India selected to carry out this research study on the primary data basis helped to understand the technological impact on their behaviour and their concerns with the sustainable development. It is observed that horticulture fulfills the criteria of sustainable development in economic and social dimensions but to environmental dimensions, it lags far away. It needs policy suggestions like empowering the eco-innovations, organic farming, highdensity plantation, less use of chemicals but standardized only, strengthening the formal and informal linkages within the sector.


Is it time to take the plunge on an intraoral scanner? Here are five things to consider before you buy.


Abstract This paper presents and explores some ideas about the ways that children referred to a London borough learning support service, their teachers and school managers can be helped by a specialist teacher making use of her training as a psychodynamic counsellor and child psychotherapist. This paper is based on the premise that conditions necessary for feeling secure and establishing the capacity to think and learn by experience are based upon the infant's experience of a facilitating maternal environment coupled with the infant's ability to engage in this relationship. By extension, children need to feel safe enough in order to take advantage of the learning and social opportunities offered in the context of the school environment. The author draws upon psychoanalytic theories and developmental psychology as useful frameworks for understanding the continuing impact of infantile experience upon the learning process. The author also draws attention to the context of her work as an area support teacher,...


: The success of education is not only determined by the process of education in schools and the availability of facilities and infrastructure, but also determined by the community environment. Education is a shared responsibility between government, schools, society. This means implying that parents and the community have the responsibility to participate, to think and provide assistance in school education. In developed countries, schools are created by the community, so that the quality of schools is the center of their attention optimally by parents, stakeholders, communities and institutions in the community. In fact, we often find schools that do not have good names in the community, they will eventually die. This is because schools are not able to make good and harmonious relationships. Likewise, quality schools will be sought and even the public will pay high prices as long as children are accepted at school. Community empowerment needs to be improved, the current dilemma of the latest issue with indications of a lot of fees at school is seen as extortion which makes the role of the community weaker, because so far the community has participated in schools through SPP or money to school committees through school committee committees known as contributions the committee, in the presence of Tim Saber Pungli when this made the Society further away from school, with a dilemma between school fears in the indication that illegal costs had an impact on the loss of Community Empowerment in Schools.