It has long been believed that superposition of Debye–Scherrer lines caused by symmetry of the reciprocal lattice should suppress true information on Laue symmetry of crystal systems with high symmetry: trigonal, tetragonal, hexagonal and cubic. An interpretation of intensities at superposed reciprocal-lattice points reveals that Laue classes of polycrystalline materials can be identified from concentrations of vectors in vector space, that is, from distributions of Patterson peaks. Determination of Laue class enables us to make structural studies of polycrystalline materials with the same process used in single-crystal studies.


A laser surgical auto-is disclosed a method and apparatus for titration. For one embodiment of the method includes: the steps of: providing an algorithm - The algorithm operates to Figures container (configure) the laser based on one or more user input are possible; Providing a first user operable input to the algorithm is running and the ignition (fire) the laser in a defined pattern; A second user of the laser and to stop the lighting, to determine one value or more laser parameters by the algorithm and in response to the operation possible, the observed condition to ensure that the containers Figures the laser based on the one or more laser parameter values providing a type-final laser power value when the laser is to shut down the ignition is input to the algorithm, the algorithm must determine the one or more laser parameters based on the final laser power value. The method wherein the auto-may further comprise the step of automatically or via another user input by an appropriate algorithm, the arrangement of the laser to "standby (ready)" (surgical) mode. When in standby mode, a user such as a doctor can automatically perform a surgical procedure with a laser Kern figures. User input may be provided by initiating operation of the control switch, such as the footswitch typically used by ophthalmologists in order to control the operation of the ophthalmic surgical laser.


Abstract A measurement of the thermal diffusivity (D t) as a function of temperature in BaMnF4 using a technique which employs the material's own pyroelectric effect is reported. D t varies from 25 × 10−3 cm2/sec to 5 × 10−3 cm2/sec over the temperature range 20K to 280K. No anomaly in D t is observed in the region of the structural phase transition at ∼250K. However, in this same region, an abrupt change in d 2 P/dT2 (the slope of the pyroelectric current) is observed.


Purpose:
The aim of this study is to help a financial services organisation to make better SME credit decisions. The research is unique because it includes data from Irish SMEs, which is hoped will facilitate discussion and review within the Irish business context. While in an Irish setting, the evidence is applicable to a broader population, representing an area of further study, i.e. replicating this study across geographic boundaries.

Design / Methodology / Approach:
This study used an Action Research methodology. The initial focus was on generating qualitative findings in a Community of Practice setting. This evolved into specific quantitative research with final outcomes generated through the Altman Z-Score framework.

Fifty six relevant SME businesses were identified. Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss (Income) Statement data was analysed by reference to generally used financial assessment ratios and by usage of the Altman Z-Score methodology (1968).This research builds upon Altman's work arguing that his methods are equally valid today when assessing the financial status of SME businesses.

Findings:
The findings from this study indicate that:
1) There is compelling evidence that a Community of Practice was formed in this case and that this grouping has carried out work that will help the organisation to make better credit decisions.

2) There is a statistically significant difference between the financial performance of Non-Trading and Trading SME businesses and their comparative likelihood of business failure as measured by the Altman Z-Score.

Practical Implications:
Key learning outcomes are described and a practical approach for lenders, business owners, accountants and suppliers of trade credit is suggested. Significant differences between the Non-Trading and Trading group performances can be used to diagnose the financial health of SME businesses.

Originality / Value:
The outcomes from this study are based on Irish SME data and have practical value for various stakeholders including bankers, accountants and SME owner managers who routinely need to make SME-based credit decisions. Practical recommendations for future study as well as current applications of the findings are proposed.


Over the past few years, numerous pharmacokinetic techniques based on Michaelis‐Menten principles have been proposed to individualize PHT dosage and predict plasma levels. The choice of one of these techniques for clinical use depends on the number of steady state concentration‐versus‐dose (Css‐D) data pairs that are known in the patient for whom the predictive technique is to be applied. The most frequent clinical situations in which these predictions are made can be divided into three groups for each patient considered—Case A: only one previous Css‐D data pair is known; Case B: two previous Css‐D data pairs are known; Case C: three previous Css‐D data pairs are known.


Throughout most of the industrialized world, water reservoir systems are largely developed; relatively little new reservoir development can be expected. The application of reservoir operations and planning models has shifted from the development of water resources on a tabla rasa to the improved operation of a largely existing reservoir infrastructure for ever-evolving system operating objectives. The operation of existing systems in a partly water -dependent economy for new sociallydesired objectives (such as most environmental objectives) entails conflict. These conflicts include those between the early economic purposes of water development (flood control, agricultural and urban water supply, hydropower, and navigation), newer economic and social purposes (such as recreation and waste assimilation), and recen t environmental objectives (such as endangered species).


The objective of this pepar is to investigate and study FMD antibody level of slaughtered pigs transported from foreign provinces.2800 serum samples were got in Dongguan during the four stages of 2004,November 2006 to December 2006,February 2007 to March 2007 and March 2007 to April 2007,the samples of 2004 were detected by ELISA,the others were detected by FMDV type O positive hemagglutination.The qualified rate is only 13.7% in 2004,antibody level above 1:32 is 29.77%,while above 1:128 only accounts for 9.66% in November 2006 to April 2007.The results show that FMD antibody level is low.


Background Interplays between Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB) in human and host professional phagocytes, namely macrophages (Mφs) and dendritic cells (DCs), are central to immune protection against TB and to TB pathogenesis. We and others have recently shown that the C-type lectin dendritic cell–specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN; CD209) mediates important interactions between mycobacteria and human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) in vitro. Methods and Findings In order to explore the possible role of DC-SIGN in M. tuberculosis infection in vivo, we have analysed DC-SIGN expression in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) cells from patients with TB (n = 40) or with other non-mycobacterial lung pathologies, namely asthma (n = 14) and sarcoidosis (n = 11), as well as from control individuals (n = 9). We show that in patients with TB, up to 70% of alveolar Mφs express DC-SIGN. By contrast, the lectin is barely detected in alveolar Mφs from all other individuals. Flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses of BAL-derived fluids and cells indicated that M. tuberculosis infection induces DC-SIGN expression in alveolar Mφs by a mechanism that is independent of Toll-like receptor-4, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13. This mechanism most likely relies on the secretion of soluble host and/or mycobacterial factors that have yet to be identified, as both infected and uninfected bystander Mφs were found to express DC-SIGN in the presence of M. tuberculosis. Immunohistochemical examination of lung biopsy samples from patients with TB showed that the bacilli concentrate in pulmonary regions enriched in DC-SIGN-expressing alveolar Mφs in vivo. Ex vivo binding and inhibition of binding experiments further revealed that DC-SIGN–expressing alveolar Mφs constitute preferential target cells for M. tuberculosis, as compared to their DC-SIGN− counterparts. In contrast with what has been reported previously in MoDCs in vitro, ex vivo DC-SIGN ligation by mycobacterial products failed to induce IL-10 secretion by alveolar Mφs, and IL-10 was not detected in BALs from patients with TB. Conclusion Altogether, our results provide further evidence for an important role of DC-SIGN during TB in humans. DC-SIGN induction in alveolar Mφs may have important consequences on lung colonization by the tubercle bacillus, and on pulmonary inflammatory and immune responses in the infected host.


Rules for legato, staccato, and repeated notes articulation in automatic piano performance are presented. These rules were obtained applying the analysis-by-measurement method to performances of Mozart piano sonatas on MIDIfied acoustic grand pianos. The effects produced by the rules vary with tempo indications, with expressive intentions and with musical context. The articulation rules are part of the Director Musices system for automatic music performance. It has been demonstrated that proper setting of the articulation rules enables more realistic automatic performances that can also differ in emotional expression. These rules are also being applied in control models for sound synthesis algorithms.


A function of the curved surface is determined by Moire Interferometry which can be regarded as a form of holographic interferometry, especially for testing optics to be used at long wave length. A rouchi ruller, which has 10 line pairs/㎜, is placed on the curved surface and illuminated with collimated light beam, He-Ne laser or white light can be used as the light source. Moire fringe, which means the contour map of the surface, is photographed at angle 30° and 37°.


Superparamagnetism is a form of magnetism exhibited by small ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic nanoparticles. At sizes of less than a hundred nanometers, the nanoparticles are single-domain particles, allowing the magnetization of the nanoparticles to be approximated as one giant magnetic moment by summing the individual magnetic moments of each constituent atom. This approximation is called the "macro-spin approximation." When the nanoparticles are small enough, the energy barriers for magnetization reversal, which are proportional to grain volume, are relatively low compared to thermal energy. With enough thermal energy, their magnetization can flip direction randomly over short periods of time and the time between two flips in direction is called the Neel relaxation time. The superparamagnetic state refers to how the average magnetization of the nanoparticles averages to zero when no external magnetic field is applied and the measurement time for the magnetization of the nanoparticles is greater than the Neel relaxation time. With an external magnetic field applied, the nanoparticles are magnetized like paramagnets, but with much greater susceptibility.


In this paper, we estimated the link between overall evaluations and grades in a simultaneous framework. We adopted midterm grades rather than expected grades as a proxy for final grades, which is innovative in studies of this issue. In doing so, we found a positive and significant relationship between overall evaluations and midterm grades, which implies that students rate their professors primarily based on their midterm achievement.


October 2011 F over thirty years now I have participated in a dialogue group in the United States called the Society for BuddhistChristian Studies (SBCS). The society, now with about 400 members, meets for two days prior to the annual American Academy of Religion meetings in late November. Meetings consist of two three-hour sessions where Buddhists and Christians present papers or lead discussions on topics of common interest.1 I have been an active participant. In addition to attending every year, I have presented papers, I served for a number of years as the chair of the nominating committee, I rewrote, revised, and edited the society's by-laws, and for ten years I was the editor of Buddhist-Christian Studies, the society's annual journal, published by the University of Hawai'i Press. I have just begun a four-year term that will include serving successively as program chair, vice president, and president. I have participated as an evangelical Christian, a position shared by only a handful of the Christians in SBCS. Most of my fellow Christians are convinced that one must be a liberal Christian in order to properly dialogue. And although the Buddhists use different nomenclature, it is safe to say that Buddhist participants also come from a certain approach to Buddhism drawn from educated, globalized groups. Many of the Buddhist participants are Western converts from Christianity. My experience in this group has taught me many things about interreligious dialogue and Christian mission, in particular: (1) how interreligious dialogue is defined and the place it has visa-vis other modes of Christian interaction with Buddhists; (2) a realistic definition of dialogue; and (3) an outline of what I will call a missional theology of dialogue. Throughout this article I use Buddhist-Christian dialogue as my primary case, but I think the lessons I relate can be generalized to relationships with Hindus and Muslims as well.


The unsteady flow of dusty visco-elastic liquid (Kuvshiniski type ) between two parallel plates when the lower plate is rest and the upper one begins oscillating harmonically in its plane is considered in view of its growing importance in various technical problems.
In the present paper, consider the unsteady laminar flow of visco-elastic (Kuvshiniski type) liquid containing uniformly small solid particles between two infinitely extended parallel plates when the lower plate is at rest and the upper one begins oscillating harmonically in its own plane. The analytical expressions for velocity fields of liquid and dust particles are obtained which are in elegant forms. The effects of elastic elements in the liquid, the mass concentration, and the relaxation time of dust particles on the velocity profiles are studied. The skin friction at the lower plate wall and the total volume flow in between the plates are also obtained.


The increase of the freeway traffic vehicles makes jams worsening.There are many ways to solve this problem.At present,ramp control is the most extensive way.This article describes some of the current typical freeway ramp control algorithms,and compares these methods and their improvement so as to promote the development of control algorithms.


The aim of this paper is to evaluate the long-term impact on Spanish individual income tax (IRPF) compliance of the amnesty measures granted in 1991 within the framework of the 1988–91 income tax reform programme. To that end, we combine time-series techniques with outlier detection methods and the Bai and Perron (1998) test for the endogenous estimation of structural breaks. On the basis of the analysis of the monthly IRPF tax collection series from 1979 to 1998, we find that the amnesty had no effect on tax collection in either the short or the long term. By contrast, we find evidence of the permanent positive impact caused by the legislative and administrative measures linked to the IRPF reform process begun in 1988.


Digestive tubules of Strombidae are composed by three cell types: digestive cells, vacuolated cells, and crypt cells. The last one is characterized by the presence of intracellular granules identified as spherocrystals. Such structures are known to occur in basophilic cells of gastropod digestive gland, where they are supposed to be involved in the regulation of some minerals and in detoxification. In this study, energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) were used to determine the elemental content of spherocrystals in two Strombidae, Strombus gigas and Strombus pugilis. In freshly collected individuals of both species, the following elements were detected: Ca, Fe, Mg, P, and Zn. Aluminum and Mn were also detected in S. gigas. Their presence in spherocrystals indicates that, in Strombidae, spherocrystals are involved in the regulation of minerals and essential trace metals. In order to answer the question "are spherocrystals involved in nonessential trace metals scavenging?," artificial cadmium and lead exposure by both waterborne and dietary pathways was applied to S. pugilis. No evidence of cadmium (Cd(NO3)2) or lead (Pb(NO3)2) provided by food was found in spherocrystals. Cadmium provided in water (Cd(NO3)2 and CdCl2) causes structural modifications of the digestive gland; however, this element was not trapped in spherocrystals. These results suggest that spherocrystals are not involved in detoxification of such nonessential trace metals. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Objectives: The aims of this review were to summarize a) the consensus definitions of normal and pathologic intra-abdominal pressure (IAP); b) the techniques to measure IAP; c) the risk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS); d) the pathophysiology of ACS; and e) the current recommendations for management and prevention of ACS. Data Sources. PubMed was searched using the following terms: ACS, IAH, IAP, and abdominal decompression. Data Synthesis. ACS represents the natural progression of end-organ dysfunction caused by increased IAP and develops if IAH is not recognized and treated appropriately. Although the reported incidence of ACS is relatively low in critically ill children (0.6%–4.7%) it may be under-recognized and under-reported. The diagnosis of IAH/ACS depends on a high index of suspicion and the accurate and frequent measurement of IAP in patients at risk. Mortality from ACS remains high (50%–60%) even when decompression of the abdomen is performed early, which highlights the importance of detection and treatment of elevated IAP before end-organ damage occurs. Conclusions: A widespread awareness of the recognition and current approach to management and prevention of IAH and ACS is needed among pediatric intensivists, so outcome of these life-threatening disease processes might be improved.


Aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Allium sativum (Lin), the popular bulbous spice plant was processed by different methods employing a combination of plant/solvent concentration, plant/solvent contact time and evaluated for antibacterial and phytochemical properties and tested against standard sensitive strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results obtained showed that pre-processed dried garlic samples were not active while freshly crushed samples showed better antibacterial activity on bacteria and that ethanol actually enhanced garlic's antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity of garlic decreased over time in ethanolic solvent but increased in methanol. The bulb was also seen to minimal quantities of saponins and flavonoids and a high level of hydrocyanides. The study suggests that garlic when used in its raw form has better antibacterial activity, either directly or as an adjuvant in a solvent. The significance of the stability of garlic as an antibiotic is discussed. (Enyi-Idoh


We proposed a dynamic near infrared/ultrasound dual modal imaging system (dNIRUS) for characterizing suspicious breast lesions non-invasively. dNIRUS measures the change of tissue mechanical and physiologic parameters in response to dynamic stimuli such as cyclic mechanical compression. It integrates near infrared imaging of tumor physiologic properties, ultrasound imaging of tumor deformation/displacement, and real time pressure monitoring under a designated cyclic compression load. The concept of dNIRUS was quantitatively verified on multi-layer tissue simulating phantoms under cyclic compression. A lumped visco-elastic model was used to characterize the phantom mechanical properties and to simulate the tissue deformation. The diffusion equations were solved analytically in Fourier domain with the moving boundary. The theoretical models were verified by a series of bench top tests where a sensor head integrating an ultrasound probe and a near infrared probe was installed on a load frame. A cyclic compression force was applied to a two-layer tissue simulating phantom. Phantom displacement, compressive pressure and diffuse optical reflectance were recorded simultaneously. Deformation of each layer of the phantom was reconstructed from ultrasound images and was consistent with the load frame measurements as well as the theoretical predictions. Diffuse reflectance amplitude showed corresponding fluctuation during compression, while the phase did not change significantly at the oscillation frequency of 0.5Hz. Further work is necessary to develop forward and inverse algorithms for dynamic characterization of suspicious breast lesions.


Biodiesel derived from waste encourages the development of environment-friendly alternative energy. One of the wastes that can be used as biodiesel is waste cooking oil. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil has some advantages such as non-toxic, less Carbon monoxide (CO), and environment-friendly. The produce of biodiesel from waste cooking oil was through transesterification reaction using CaO catalyst derived from golden snail shell. This study aimed to determine the optimum amount of catalyst that produced the highest yield. In this study, methanol was used as solvent by the molar ratio of methanol/waste cooking oil of 30:1, reaction temperature of 65˚C, reaction time for 2 hour, and variations of amount catalyst 3%, 5% and 7% by weight waste cooking oil. Biodiesel was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy showed that the highest yield achieved using 7% catalyst amounts was 93.28%.


The Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences is developing the new Nb3Sn superconducting magnet system for the fourth-generation 45 GHz ECR source(FECR). The FECR magnet coils includes six Nb3Sn superconducting sextuple coils and four Nb3Sn solenoid coils. Because of the technical difficulty of winding shaped sextupole coils (non-standard saddle type) from a single superconducting wire and the stress sensitivity of Nb3Sn superconductivity, a magnetic mirror structure based on an aluminum shell-based structure and Bladder & Key technology was devised to test whether the performance of a single Nb3Sn sextupole coil can meet the design specifications. This paper describes the detailed optimum design process of the magnetic mirror structure using the ANSYS Parameter Design language (APDL), presents the optimized mirror structure, the determination of the room-temperature prestress and gives the maximum equivalent stress during room temperature assembly, cool-down, and magnet excitation. Furthermore, the effects of the pre-stress applied to the sextupole coil in the mirror structure was also analyzed and assessed in the context of the sextupole coil fabrication tolerance (±0.1 mm).


The relation between the action of gibberellin A3 (GA3) and the synthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins in plant cells, is known in several plant species (2,4,6). However, previous investigations have not shown the effect of GA3 on each of these syntheses in tissue from the same plant. This communication shows the influence of GA3 on each of these substances.


By means of three-component geomagnetic surveying,the processing and analyzing of data in the juncture region of Jiangsu-Shandong-Henan-Anhui provinces and the South Yellow Sea region,surface spline models for total intensity and horizontal intensity of the geomagnetic field and geomagnetic anomaly field are calculated,and the corresponding geomagnetic field charts and geomagnetic anomaly charts are drawn.Characteristics of variation in regional geomagnetic field are researched.The study shows that three-component geomagnetic survey can not only deliberately describe space distribution of geomagnetic field but also provide scientific data and background field for earthquake prediction.


The utility model relates to the technical field of the connection of drill tools used in oil well and gas well drilling processes in the petroleum and natural gas industries, in particular to a digital non-standard drill tool connecting mechanism which comprises an external thread connector and an internal thread connector, and is characterized in that the medium thread diameters of the internal and the external thread connectors on a reference plane are 5.39 inches; and an APIV-0.038R digital connecting thread tooth type with the taper of 1:6, 4 tooth/inch is adopted. The digital non-standard drill tool connecting mechanism mainly solves the gap in an existing API standard that the sizes of the products connected by a digital rotary shoulder are directly from a medium diameter of 5.0417 inches to the medium diameter of 5.616 inches, and well improves the hydraulic performance of a drill tool connector, so that the drill tool connection has very good use value in practice.


The utility model relates to a soft steel rubber shock-proof support applied to bridge shock absorption. The soft steel rubber shock-proof support comprises a laminated rubber support and soft steel. The laminated rubber support is provided with a laminated structure formed by alternate lamination and adhesion of multiple rubber pieces and multiple steel plates. Through holes vertically penetrating through the laminated structure are further arranged in the laminated structure. The soft steel is filled in the through holes. The support is formed by adding of the soft steel low in strength and high in plasticity on a basis of a traditional laminated rubber support, by means of special mechanical performance of the soft steel, plasticity deformation of the support can occur under the action of a horizontal earthquake, and therefore a purpose of earthquake energy dissipation is achieved.


Obesity, defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2, is pandemic. Though prevalence in the United States has plateaued at ~31% of adults (78 million), worldwide obesity rates continue to rise1. Perhaps more concerning is the high level of childhood obesity: 16.9% in US and ~13% (and rising) in developing countries2. Why the alarm? Longitudinal studies of overweight or obese individuals have identified a 20 fold increase in risk for developing diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D) and 1.5 fold increase risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure3, 4. As obesity rates increase, the burden of obesity-associated cardiometabolic diseases on the healthcare system could be overwhelming4. As such, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity and new therapeutic strategies to address this pandemic are both urgently needed.


Considering the top 65 prime‐time series in the first 14 weeks of the 1995–96 television season, this study examined the relationship between women working behind the scenes and use of powerful language by female characters. Powerful language attributes included how often female characters spoke, had the first and/or last substantive word, interrupted, and advised others. The study found somewhat inconsistent relationships between women working behind the scenes and the use of powerful televisual language patterns by female characters. Female executive producers and producers appear to be more influential in the use of powerful language than female writers or directors.


We studied in-line monitoring the dispersion of highly energetic material simulant by a twin screw extruder having a high temperature ultrasonic system. The simulant suspension system consisted of ethylene vinyl acetate and Dechlorane plus 25 as binder and filler, respectively. With increasing filling fraction, the ultrasonic velocity was not changed but the attenuation linearly decreased. It was possible to estimate the solid fraction of well dispersed suspension system by measuring ultrasonic attenuation. The ultrasonic attenuation of samples filled over 60 v% approached straight line with increasing filling fraction when the samples was extruded repeatedly. It was due to the enhanced dispersion of solid particles in the suspension system. It was believed that the degree of dispersion and filling fraction could be obtained by combination of on-line measurement like ultrasonic attenuation and off-line analysis like TGA and SEM with image analyzer.


Garlic (Allium sativum L.) (Cultivar G-282) grown in Indian subcontinent was selected to establish some of its useful engineering properties. The shape, average diameter, weight, bulk density, segment number of whole garlic, average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity and mass weight of 1000 garlic segment were determined (at 40.50% moisture content on wet basis) as round, 5.12 cm, 28.64 g, 414.40 kg/m3, 16.32, 26.25 mm, 10.36 mm, 8.73 mm, 13.34 mm, 0.51 and 1813.60 g, respectively. In the moisture contentrange from 23.05 to 40.50% (w.b.), the terminal velocity, angle of repose, specific gravity, compressive and shear forces of garlic segment increased from 7.18 to 12.24 m/s, 25.53 to 37.50 degree, 0.90 to 0.97, 2.25 to 10.70 kg and 1.75 to 2.83 kg, respectively, while bulk density decreased from 483.10 to 449.76 kg/m3. The static coefficient of friction increased on three surfaces, namely, teak wood (0.46 to 0.53), aluminum (0.38 to 0.48) and mild steel (0.34 to 0.41) with increase in moisture content from 23.05 to 40.50% (w.b.).


The first step in the HIV care cascade is determining the proportion of HIV infections that remain undiagnosed within a given jurisdiction. This task is difficult and often requires either testing a representative sample of high-risk individuals or obtaining an indirect measure by back-calculation to estimate HIV incidence. Now, researchers have used two new methods to estimate the undiagnosed fraction among men who have …


Sexual violence is a serious problem on college campuses. Nearly twenty-five percent of men report perpetrating some form of sexual violence during their first four years of college. This study examined how dynamics related to membership in all male groups (e.g., fraternities) interacted with alcohol use to predict sexual violence, specifically whether membership in a fraternity affected the relationships between frequency of drinking, peer attitudes, and sexual violence in a sample of college men across time. Data were collected, as part of a larger study, from undergraduate males at a large Southeastern university. In the final model, frequency of drinking and peer support did significantly predict sexual violence perpetration across time for non-fraternity men but not for fraternity men. These findings demonstrate that differences exist between fraternity men and non-fraternity men and illustrate the need for further in-depth research of fraternities. INDEX WORDS: Sexual violence perpetration, Fraternity, Drinking, Peer influence, All male groups SEXUAL AGGRESSION ON CAMPUS: ALCOHOL USE, PEER SUPPORT, AND FRATERNITY MEMBERSHIP


Topographic mapping from space imagery has become possible on an operational basis using the SPOT system. The quantitative use of SPOT images requires that the inherent geometric distortions be corrected to a desired map projection. The most commonly used modeling technique is to apply low-order polynomials using least squares method and ground control points to empirically correct these distortions. The purpose of this paper is to determine the planimetric accuracy of SPOT images obtained using the polynomial rectification model, and to study the effect of the number, distribution, and accuracy of ground control points on the spatial accuracy of SPOT imagery. A SPOT panchromatic image covering the area of Mahallet Roh town, EI-Gharbiia, Egypt was used, and five low-order polynomials were applied. Up to twentyfive GCPs with different distributions were employed. The results show the relations between each factor of the ground control system (number — distribution — accuracy) and the planimetric accuracy of SPOT images.


It has been known for some 2000 years how to generate Pythagorean Triples. While the classical formulas generate all of the primitive triples, they do not generate all of the triples. For example, the triple   15 12 9 , , can't be generated from the formulas, but it can be produced by introducing a multiplier to the primitive triple (3, 4, 5). And while the classical formulas produce the triple (3, 4, 5), they don't produce the triple (4, 3, 5); a transposition is needed. This paper explores a new set of formulas that, in fact, do produce all of the triples i.e. every triple can be produced with a unique set of integer generators; there is no need for multipliers or transpositions. An unexpected result is an application to cryptology.


A semigroup S is called surjective if S 2 = S. The aim of this paper is to prove that p n-sequences of nite surjective semigroups are eventually strictly increasing, except in few well known cases, when they are bounded. Also, some further types of nite semigroups, obtained by means of subdirect products, are shown to have the same property.


For centuries man has been interested in quality of water. Today the question of quality does not stop with health considerations. We want to know the comparative values of hard and soft water. Is soft water more economical to use? If there is a saving in its use, what is the extent of that saving and in what connections are savings accomplished? Answers to these questions are of special interest to people who see industries pass up good locations in their city, to take advantage of a better water supply in some neighboring city, or perhaps some city far away. Water which a city supplies to its citizens for use in the home also plays no small part in municipal development. Other things being equal, American people prefer to live where they can have good water. Studies have been made to determine the effects of quality of water used in industry, especially the textile and paper industries. Railroad companies have determined comparative costs of using various types of water in their locomotives. The Laundryowners National Association has determined the soap waste in commercial laundries due to hard water. They find that it pays to install some type of water softener, if the only water supply available is of poor quality. The present study deals with the effect of quality of water on soap consumption in the home. To obtain the desired information concerning this problem, a market survey of retail soap distribution has been conducted in cities having different types of water.


In the process of gas-phase coherently synchronized oxidation of cyclohexane by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a heterogeneous biomimetic catalyst perFTPhPFeOH/Al2O3, the reaction products were cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone and cyclohexene. An experimental study aimed at clarifying the routes of cyclohexane conversion into cyclohexanone and cyclohexene made it possible to determine mechanisms for producing cyclohexanone and cyclohexene. The study went to show that the conversion of cyclohexane into cyclohexanone takes no place through the formation of cyclohexanol, and the formation of cyclohexene occurs by dehydration of cyclohexanol. The mechanism of cyclohexanone formation is manifest through the formation of an intermediate biomimetic substrate complex Imt-O-C6H11 which is formed as a result of intermediate (ImtOOH) interaction with cyclohexane.


I attended a conference recently and heard a presentation describing the use of inhaled lavender to reduce pain and anxiety and promote sleep in a community hospital setting. What is the evidence base for use of lavender? What are the safety concerns? Finally, what should I be teaching patients regarding aromatherapy with lavender? I would like to explore using this complementary therapy in my practice setting.


Lake surface temperature (LST) reflects meteorological and climatological forcing more than any other physical lake parameter. LST is also strongly related to the mean temperature of the upper stratum which plays an important role in lake's biology depending, among other factors, on the dynamics of phytoplankton and thence of chlorophyll-a concentrations (chl-a). Satellite remote sensing is a valuable tool to study these two bio-physical parameters by providing synoptically data at spatial/temporal resolutions not achievable with traditional techniques. In this study MODIS and MERIS data are used to assess LST and chl-a concentration in two important Italian lakes. Images data of Lake Garda in the time range from 2�� 4 to 2�� 9 and Images data of Lake Garda in the time range from 2�� 4 to 2�� 9 and mages data of Lake Garda in the time range from 2�� 4 to 2�� 9 and of Lake Trasimeno from 2�� 5 to 2�� 8 were used. The complexities of processes dealing with lacustrine ecosystems is reflected by the weak of correlation found between chl-a and LST in both lakes by using the entire dataset. However, by considering the time of the year with highest biological activity (i.e. from the end of spring to mid of summer) a positive correlation ( the end of spring to mid of summer) a positive correlation ( ) a positive correlation (r>� .5) was found between the two parameters in Lake Trasimeno. This behaviour was also observed in Lake Garda by considering LST and chl-a data from different areas. In particular the shallower south-east basin of Lake Garda was characterised by higher LST and chl-a concentrations.


This elementary note proposes candidates for interesting continuous piecewise-smooth `Riemannian' metrics on the moduli spaces of rooted geodesic trees embedded in the Poincare disk. A related digression observes the existence of an apparently hitherto unrecognized abelian topological group structure on the real projective line.


A CASE STUDY OF THE MULTIAGE PROGRAM AT KINGSLEY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL by Sandra G. Ramsey This study examines how teachers at Kingsley Elementary School feel about the multiage program. There were 28 teachers and two administrators interviewed to determine their perceptions o f the positive and negative influences of the multiage program. The purpose of the study is to ascertain the success or failure o f the multiage program at Kingsley Elementary School and to explore the process used by the school to implement the process. The approach to this study was qualitative and used interview data from both former and current Kingsley staff. Five research questions were formulated. The field effort concentrated on the respondents' perceptions o f the developmental process o f the multiage program. Results suggest that the teachers' and administrators' perceptions of the multiage program at Kingsley Elementary School basically favor traditional methods. During the analysis, the interviewees made suggestions that may serv; to improve the multiage program. Some of these suggestions could be used as a guide for other school systems that are beginning implementation of a multiage program.


In recent years, with the development of industries, the application of machine parts is faced with new challenges. The coating failure of the key parts resulting from the abrasion and corrosion is particularly significant. Titanium-based coatings are getting more attention because of its low friction coefficient, high hardness, good wear resistance and excellent corrosion resistance. The research status of structure and property of the TiSiC, TiCN, TiSiN and TiSiCN hard coatings prepared by physical vapor deposition are summarized. The development of Ti-based coating is briefly summarized, and the structural characteristics, hardness, adhesive strength, anti-friction performance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the four kinds of hard coatings are emphatically analyzed and compared. The influence factors of coatings produced by different methods are analyzed and ·56· 表 面 技 术 2017 年 11 月 the different failure modes of the coating are explained. The coating is described from the perspective of microstructure and performance. The constitutive relationship between the change in the bond structure and phase structure of the carbon in the hard coating and the anti-friction, self-lubricating performance of the hard coating is illustrated. Based on that, the important role of carbon graphitization plays in the anti-friction performance of the coating is pointed out. The mechanism of structure-induced super hard phenomenon of titanium-based hard coatings is discussed. The characteristics of the super-hard wear-resistant and anti-friction coatings are concluded and evaluated. Finally, the problems currently existing in Ti-based coating research at home and abroad are summarized and the development direction and prospects of the titanium-based multi-element and multi-interface hard coatings by physical vapor deposition are envisaged.


Bloodstream infections are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in premature and low-birth-weight infants; due to non-specific manifestations, 'rule out sepsis' evaluations are commonly performed in the age group. After evaluation, broad spectrum antibiotics are administered while awaiting the results of bacterial cultures that have a yield of not more than 25%–27%.1 ,2

Viral causes of sepsis-like syndromes in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have been underexplored, especially in the PCR era. Because a large majority of putatively septic episodes fail to yield a bacterial pathogen, we hypothesised that culture-negative septic episodes in very low-birth-weight NICU patients might have a viral origin.

The objective of the study was to identify non-respiratory viral causes of sepsis-like illness.

Infants …


In patients with chronic renal failure, hemodialysis therapy is needed to replace kidney function by removing nitrogenous substances and toxins in the blood and excessive water. Appropriate management of patients with chronic kidney failure in addition to preventing complications is expected to increase the client's life expectancy. In patients with chronic kidney failure, quality of life also reflects the quality of treatment because it involves physical, psychological, and social processes to be achieved. A good quality of life is needed by hemodialysis patients to prevent the disease from getting worse. This literature review aims to describe the quality of life hemodialysis patients. This study accesses an online database with electronic searches on Pubmed, Portal garuda and Proquest. The search was conducted by combining the keywords "quality of life, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis" and articles published in the period 2012-2021. Instrumen for the literature review using Strobe instrument. The results of the literature review show that the quality of life score on the physical health dimension is low while on the psychological and environmental dimensions the quality of life score is high. . It is hoped that this study can be a reference for nurses in providing holistic nursing care to patients undergoing hemodialysis so that their quality of lifecan improve. This research is then needed as a data base for the development of other researchers.


Diamond has attractive properties as an advanced electronic material. Its combination of high mobility, breakdown, and thermal conductivity results in the largest Johnson's and Keyes' figures of merit by far. The realization of that potential is another matter. In this paper we review some of the reported achievements related to diamond as an electronic and sensor material. The state of heteroepitaxial films and polycrystalline diamond active electronics will be covered; negative electron affinity is briefly covered, and the piezoresistive effect in diamond and its relevance to sensing is described.


Explores the importance of semantic integrity during data warehouse design and its impact on the successful use of the implemented warehouse. This was achieved through a detailed case study. Consequently, a conceptual framework for describing inter-subjective meaning in data modelling has been developed. The purpose of the framework is to provide a theoretical basis for explaining how a data model is interpreted through the meaning levels of understanding, connotation and generation, and also how a data model is created from an existing meaning structure by intention, generation and action. This paper also describes inhibiting factors for understanding the physical data model based on the case study findings. Furthermore strategies are suggested to address the factors inhibiting the generation of meaning from a data model, in particular for improving understanding. The result of the exploration is the recognition that the implementation of a data warehouse may not assist with providing a detailed understanding of the semantic content of the data warehouse.


This paper reviews the understanding in the UK of the effects of kinetic heating on fatigue in aluminium alloy aircraft structure. It describes how heating can affect subsequent fatigue at ambient temperature by softening strain-hardened material and redistributing local stress by creep. It also discusses the effect on structural joints of the relaxation of clamping pressure and interference fit, and the curing of interfay compound. Tests on structural elements are described which show that, under representative load-temperature sequences with a maximum temperature of 100°C, effects on life can range between reduction and improvement by a factor of 2, depending on circumstances. The substance of this paper was presented at the ICAF Symposium held in Lausanne in June 1975 on "Problems with Fatigue in Aircraft".


The main purpose of the paper is to assess legal environment of Mongolia for development of nuclear and radiation safety and security.The Nuclear Energy Agency, regulatory agency of the Government of Mongolia, was founded in the beginning of 2009. Since then, it has formulated the State Policy for Utilization of Radioactive Minerals and Nuclear Energy and the Nuclear Energy Law, regulatory law of the field. The State Great Khural of Mongolia has enacted these acts. By adopting the State Policy and Nuclear Energy Law, which together imported the international standards for nuclear and radiation safety and security, it is possible to conclude that legal environment has formed in Mongolia to explore and process radioactive minerals and utilize nuclear energy and introduce technologies friendly to human health and environment.


This report documents the government submissions to the UN on the transfer of arms in seven weapons categories in 1992 and compares this data with information published by SIPRI in its arms trade register. It assesses the results of the UN register and the prospects for improving it in 1994.;This book is intended for professionals, teachers, and students, concerned with strategic studies, peace studies, and international relations; consultants, policy-makers, international lawyers, and journalists specializing in these areas.


EBM PEARL: DIAGNOSIS RESULTS: PRE-TEST PROBABILITY (PTP): The PTP is the patient's diseasefrequency estimate prior to performing the diagnostic test. The PTP and the diagnostic test characteristics (sensitivity and specificity or likelihood ratios) are required to calculate the post-test probability of disease. The best PTP estimate source is your local population's disease prevalence. If you do not know or are unsure, you can ask a local expert (for that particular disease). The next best approach may be to use the disease prevalence cited in a study of the diagnostic test you are interested in using. It would be important to ascertain that your patient population is not significantly different from the study's patient population. In any case, without the PTP, you will not be able to calculate the post-test probability.


Without textual descriptions or label information of images, searching semantic concepts in image databases is still a very challenging task. While automatic annotation techniques are yet along way off, we can seek other alternative techniques to solve this difficult issue. In this paper, we propose to learn Web images for searching the semantic concepts in large image databases. To formulate effective algorithms, we suggest to engage the support vector machines for attacking the problem. We evaluate our algorithm in a large image database and demonstrate the preliminary yet promising results.


A theoretical study is made of the behavior of resistors, particularly the type where the resistance element is in the form of a film so there is negligible skin effect. When the electrical length of the resistor is a small fraction of a wavelength, it is shown that certain optimum proportions of the resistor exist in order best to terminate a radio-frequency transmission line.


Channeling effect measurements were used to evaluate the residual damage in Si after 1000 °C anneal for high‐dose (5×1015−2×1016 cm−2) As implantations through oxide layers. For these implantations the amount of damage after anneal increases with As dose and oxide thickness. This residual damage effect was simulated by oxygen implants into Si. We conclude that oxygen recoils are responsible for the disorder found in through‐oxide implants and for defects found at the periphery of oxide cuts used as implantations masks.


Although quests for religious origins have been theoretically deconstructed by scholars, discourse about religion in much of the public sphere remains enamored with originality, especially to bolster claims among groups competing over shared spaces. At the Sri Lankan Sufi shrine of Dafther Jailani in Kuragala, an obsession with origins has dramatically reorganized the space, used to justify the physical deconstruction of Muslim pilgrim buildings by the Sri Lankan military. Dafther Jailani also faces other threats from arbiters of originality, including orthodox Sunni Muslims who claim to be stewards of authentic Islam, alongside the Buddhist nationalists who seek to make Kuragala a protected archeological site synonymous with non-Muslim space. Both Buddhists and Muslims have mixed mythical narratives and empirical evidence to advance their claims, and even artifacts from human prehistory at Kuragala are appropriated to provide a new secular excuse for extremist Buddhists to enact an absence of Muslims. Such debates over origins are shown to be a zero-sum game, as one group must lose for another to gain. Yet these gains are ultimately hollow, as mutually valued spaces are emptied of living history to better resemble an ideal past. To combat such erasures, historians of religion must strike a balance between the empirical and ethical, critiquing not only factual errors in these arguments, but also correct information being used incorrectly, to argue in the normative terms of the religious actors themselves that there is much lost and little gained in primordial preoccupations.


Cao Juren traversed the landscape and experienced the social affairs all through his life. However, it is difficult to make a precise statement upon his thinking and identity position due to his frequent migration and erratic attitude, researches at present being without depth and breadth. Is he a teacher proud of his professionalism; or a writer he scorns but can not disclaim the membership; or a historian he shows interest in and boasts of his vast; or a reporter as most reviewers consider? This paper aims to seek for the truth from his origin by distinguishing it from his lofty sentiments of a politician and entanglement of a thinker.


English writing is a language output capacity and it is always the core content in college English teaching in China.Researches show that the use of meta-cognitive strategies can improve the quality of English writing.Based on the theory of meta-cognition and related research findings both at home and abroad,this paper is intended to help college students develop their meta-cognitive writing capability and improve their language learning autonomy through teachers' instruction in meta-cognitive awareness,meta-cognitive experience and meta-cognitive monitoring.


PURPOSE: To form a vessel for a hollow intracorporeal prosthesis, particularly a vessel for a hybrid prosthesis. CONSTITUTION: A vessel for packaging a hollow intracorporeal prosthesis consists of two covers 1, 2. An inner cover 1 consists of waterproof walls 10, 11 and various connecting parts 40, 50, 60. At least two connecting parts 40 are equipped as an inlet for a hollow part of the prosthesis, and one of the connecting parts is arranged as an exit 50 of liquid for treating the prosthesis. An outer cover 2 is equipped with piercing chips 42, 52, 62 which cooperate with the connecting parts of the inner cover. Two covers have gas-permeability at least in several positions. According to the invention, the present vessel is used for a second using method apart from a protective function. For example, in the case of a hybrid prosthesis for exchange of blood vessel, endothelial cells of a patient himself is introduced into the prosthesis within the vessel.


This study was undertaken to investigate the influence of increasing the Instantaneous Input Dynamic Range (IIDR) in a large heterogeneous group of paediatric Nucleus 24 recipients, when upgraded from the Esprit 3G to the Freedom processor. The 3G uses an IIDR of 30 dB (35–65 dB SPL) when using the Microphone setting (M). There is the possibility of using the Whisper setting (W), which increases the IIDR by decreasing the T-SPL. However, W also changes the compression ratio, applied to input levels above 52 dB SPL, to 2:1 (Cochlear Ltd, 2002), which can cause problems when listening in background noise (Spahr et al., 2007). The Freedom has a default IIDR of 40 dB (25–65 dB SPL), which can be increased to 75 dB (9–84 dB SPL) without using W setting. Zeng et al. (2002) showed that an IIDR of 50–60 dB is optimal for vowel and consonant recognition in quiet, based on the acoustic dynamic range. A previous study by Dawson et al. (2007) concluded that IIDRs of either 46 or 56 dB provide benefit in accessing low-level speech without a decrement in sentence perception in babble with the Freedom. Other implant manufacturers also use wider IDRs and studies have shown this to be beneficial (e.g., Spahr et al., 2007; and Haumann et al., 2008). For these reasons we have elected to use an increased IIDR of 50 dB (25–75 dB SPL) in all our Freedom recipients.


The caseworkers came to the unit with experience in the psychiatric social worker's traditional use of social casework with an individual client. However, the interest in and approach to the whole family in the home resulted in considerable adaptation of techniques. In the first part of this chapter social casework is defined, some theoretical assumptions are outlined and the traditional methods are examined. In the second part the team's adaptation of techniques is described. Finally, tentative conclusions as to the results of the casework are summarised.


CHRONIC illness associated with malnutrition, debility and evidence of infection often leads to depression of urinary 17-ketosteroid values(1). Forbes et al. (2) report a rise in 17-ketosteroids following operations, fever or the sudden onset of an acute illness, followed by a decline after 12 to 48 hours which often reached subnormal levels. We have confirmed this in an unpublished study in a subject with induced fever in whom food intake was maintained unchanged. The numerous evidences, however, from studieson rats (3, 4) and dogs (5) that androgen production by the testes is reduced during inanition suggests that undernutrition alone may often contribute to the depression of 17-ketosteroid excretion in human disease. Accordingly the effects of starvation in three normal men and one obese woman were examined, together with those of relatively mild protein and caloric restriction in two normal men.


Many structures are built up from a number of subsystems, yet the performance of the assembled system is often the primary concern. In some applications there are compelling reasons for replacing the finite element models of some of these substructures with models that are derived through test. For example, the subsystem may have complex geometry, uncertain material properties, or perhaps it is supplied by an outside source and so one has little interest in modeling it because its design cannot be changed. A number of researchers over the past few decades have investigated techniques that combine experimental models of substructures with analytical ones to predict the built up system's response, but most of these efforts have produced unsatisfactory results because the problem can be highly sensitive to uncertainties in the experimental model and in the interface characteristics. Some of these works have found that much more accurate results are obtained if one applies modal parameter identification to the measurements, and then uses the identified model in the substructuring, because the measurements themselves may have small inconsistencies that cause large errors in the substructuring predictions. In that process, one may erroneously fit more modes to the measurements than are actually represented. This work explores the effect of model order ambiguity on substructuring predictions, especially the case where more modes are fit to a peak or cluster of peaks than actually reside there. This work shows some cases where this can lead to severe errors in the substructuring predictions, although it appears that many of the difficulties can be minimized if MIMO identification is employed and if an adequate set of input points is used. Simulated measurements are used to explore some of these ideas, and experimental measurements are used to illustrate the sensitivity that can be encountered.


Abstract Three human amyloidogenic Bence Jones proteins, NIG76 VλII, NIG204 VλI, and NIG250 VλV, were characterized. In a comparative study, three amino acids, Ser-25a, Thr-68, and Val-95, were found to be common to amyloidogenic proteins of the VλII subgroup. NIG204 had an insertion of Pro residue following position 30 (30a). Proteins having an insertion at this position are invariantly amyloidogenic. NIG250 had a characteristic VλV V L domain, with Mcg + and KERN + C L domain isotypes. Following the protein DEL, this is the second example of this subgroup. No common residue is found in the other subgroup proteins but unique substitutions do occur. It would seem that any substitution that causes an alteration in the protein conformation may lead to its being more prone to association with the amyloid processes.


The qualitative effects on smooth muscle of most of the pharmacologically active polypeptides are usually similar and thus their identification and estimation in mixtures is very difficult. As yet we do not possess specific antagonists to these agents which would help in characterizing them in a fashion similar to that of acetylcholine vs. atropine, histamine vs. antihistaminics or serotonin vs. lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). The possession of a specific antagonist for one of these polypeptides would be of immense value. It is not known whether specific receptors exist for the pharmacologically active polypeptides. Specific antagonists may help resolve this problem and may provide clues which could lead to conclusions as to the mechanisms of action and possible physiological roles of some of these active polypeptides. Furthermore, a specific antagonist for angiotensin may be a useful therapeutic agent for some forms of hypertension and a specific antagonist for bradykinin may be a useful therapeutic agent for some inflammatory conditions. A substance which would modify the action of the neurohumoral polypeptide substance P may be a useful agent in the treatment of some mental disorders. Materials and Methods


To evaluate the effectiveness of replacing saturated fat (SFA) with omega‐6 linoleic acid (LA) for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) and death.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: in accordance with the invention, clocks of sources and the recording device are synchronised. Each source is allowed to generate excitations at excitation time instants t k,n , which form a predetermined sequence, where k is the excitation index number for the given source and n is the index number of the given source, lying in the interval from 1 to the number N s of sources, provided that at time instant t k,n the source is in a ready state to generate vibrations, and signals output by receivers are continuously recorded. The invention also relates to a system for gathering seismic data used to implement the given method. EFFECT: avoiding loss in time at the end of each series of generations, using a separate frequency band to transmit information from each vibration source, which cuts the number of sources which can be used simultaneously in stopping recording if problems arise when transmitting information between vibration sources and recording apparatus. 12 cl, 1 dwg


Thought Extreme Learning Machine-Radial Basis Function(ELM-RBF) can be used easily and can complete learning phase at very fast speed and provide more compact network than classical Extreme Learning Machine(ELM), it still has some room to improvement. Micro-Genetic Algorithms(uGA) improved calculated speed while inherits the Genetic Algorithms advantage of good for optimization and overall search. Considered on these, the paper designed a optimization strategy for ELM-RBF neural network based on uGA. In particular, based on classical RBF-ELM, we use real-uGA algorithm to optimize ELM-RBF hidden layer neurons center and biases value. Experiments results show that ELM-RBF-uGA has better recognition and prediction performance than classical ELM-RBF.


Geological active south-pole fractures of the icy moon Enceladus produce a specific region, a so-called plume that extends up to 1000 km into space. The main constituents of the plume are electrons, ions, water molecules, and charged nanograins, which are responsible for the unusual properties of this kind of low-temperature dusty plasma. The examples discussed represent our results in this field within the last few years, and mostly such cases were chosen, in which measurements of different Cassini instruments could be compared with theory or where the phenomenon has a diagnostic application. Dust charging, role of dust size distributions and dust charge fluctuations are discussed. The findings are used for interpretations of the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer data and improve constraints on the dust characteristics. Then the main forces and dust dynamics are discussed in conditions relevant for the near-Enceladus plasma. It is also examined how the charged dust can affect the plasma shielding length which is of importance for the reliable Cassini Langmuir probe measurements. Considering the dust grains as heavy negative ion species, the electric conductivity tensor is modified, whose elements are the key quantities for understanding the magnetic field perturbations registered by the Cassini Magnetometer during Enceladus flybys.


We have investigated the origin of quenching of visible photoluminescence in Yb,Er:yttria nanopowders. We show that this phenomenon results from a thermal nonlinearity mediated by non-radiative processes at high temperatures, using the results of luminescence decay measurements together with a simple theoretical model.


It is one of the technical problems existing in the current cementing technology that gas channeling frequently occurs after the well cementation process. The new latex anti-gas channeling cement slurry system is put forward to solve this problem effectively and also filled up the domestic blank in this field. The study found that the new cement slurry system has the good ability of water loss control, liquidity and the thickening time can be adjusted. The static gel strength analysis and gas channeling simulation analysis shows that under the condition of high temperature, the anti-gas channeling has good effect. In addition, the sensitive factor experiment research shows that the cement slurry system has less affected by the site factors, so it has good application prospects.


Patients with haematological diseases are entitled to supportive care. Considering organisational and technological development, support in the form of caring communication provided through the web ...


Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm of the melanocytes, in which there is invasion either horizontally and upwards into the epidermis or vertically downwards. This review describes the global scenario of melanoma with respect to its epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and newer treatment modalities.


To illustrate the process of programming robots, a typical algorithm for sorting articles on a conveyor belt by using a robot-manipulator Dobot Magician is considered. The algorithm is implemented in the software environment Dobot Studio by using a block programming language. Based on this algorithm, it is possible to teach basic programming skills of the robotic systems.

Keywords
robot-manipulator, robots programming, Dobot Magician, Dobot Studio, sorting articles by color, conveyor belt


This study examines how Palestinian dead bodies and spaces of death in occupied East Jerusalem are 'hot spots' of criminality. The arguments raised challenge traditional hot-spot theories of crime that build their definition of criminality around official state statistics and information and visible spaces of crime. The paper offers a bottom-up analysis of crimes against the dead and their families in East Jerusalem, examining the manner in which modes of denial, the logic of elimination and accumulation by dispossession shape experiences of death and dying in a colonial context.


In mineral supply chains, medium-term plans are made for scheduling crews, production, and maintenance. These plans must respect constraints associated with loading and unloading, stockyard capacities, fleet capacities, and maintenance and production requirements. Additionally, compliance with grade quality depends on blending minerals from different sources. In this paper, we present an optimization tool developed for a major multinational iron ore mining company to manage the operations of its supply network in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The tool produces plans for time horizons from a few weeks to two years, while addressing the nonlinearities that blending introduces. The plans our tool produces allow the company to ship a higher amount of iron ore than it did when it followed the plans obtained by its former manual approach. The company's planners now rely solely on our tool because it has enabled them to schedule up to one million additional tonnes of material per annum and has reduced the planning time from five hours to less than one hour.


A method of constructing multi-channel magnetic heads is described and their performance reported. The problem of interference between channels is discussed and details given of a new technique for reducing this interference. The playback equipment consists of an eight-channel head mounted on an electrically maintained tuning fork so that it picks up signals from a stationary tape. Signals from each channel are switched electrically in time succession and, after amplification, displayed simultaneously on an oscilloscope. It is possible to resolve pulses recorded along the tape at a separation of 0 1 mm. Precautions necessary for observing very small signals are discussed.


A two-fluid pneumatic atomizer operating at relatively high liquid and gas pressures produced water sprays that simulated small-droplet clouds of liquid fuel for use in studying vaporization and fuel-air mixing effects on combustor perform- ance and emissions. To characterize the sprays, a scattered-light scanning instrument was developed and measurements of volume median or volume mean diameter, D v c, were correlated with D 0 , W w and W n , i.e., orifice diameter, water, and nitrogen gas flow rates, respectively, to give the general expression: .. ~ u v . 5 • 2 which yields: D v . 5 =45 W w -2 W w l at 4.4 cm downstream of the atomizer. Values of DO» Kv» an d W n are in centimeters and grams/ second, respectively. Farther downstream at an axial distance of 6.7 cm, exponent m increased from 0.2 to 0.4 and exponent n decreased from -1.2 to -1.0 and at a distance of 25 cm downstream of the atomizer, n decreased to -0.8. The increase in exponent m and decrease in exponent n was attributed to a loss of very small droplets from the spray due primarily to vaporization and diffusion effects on clouds of small droplets traveling a distance of 25 cm. Abstract A two-fluid pneumatic atomizer operating at relatively high liquid and gas pressures produced water sprays that simulated small-droplet clouds of liquid fuel for use 1n studying vaporization and fuel-air mixing effects on combustor per-formance and emissions. D v nitrogen gas


A simple combustion method based on principles of propellent chemistry in which Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as fuel and nitrates as oxidizer were used for synthesizing the perovskite like LaMnO3 powders. The oxidizer to fuel ratio was maintained at 5 : 1. The darkish black powder obtained was calcined at 800 C and 1000 C for 5 hour. The combustion and thermal decomposition of the precursor were investigated using the TG-DTA and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) techniques. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of all three samples i.e., un-heated LaMnO3 powder (LMO-UH), calcined at 800 C (LMO-800) and at 1000 C (LMO-1000) were carried out. The single phase orthorhombic crystal structure was revealed to crystallize at LMO-800 and LMO-1000 with elevation in the crystalline size. A small impurity peak at 28.7 was seen of Mn3O4 for LMO-UH, which vanished after calcining it. The strong absorption in FT-IR spectra found at around 615 cm – 1 was due to the formation of metal-oxygen (M-O) bond. Moreover a small shift in this M-O bond with increase in calcination temperature suggested the strained LaMnO3 compound. Elemental analysis using the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDXRF) indicated the presence of La and Mn with increase in the Mn contents after calcinations. The oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen content in the sample were determined from the ONH analysis indicating a decrease in the oxygen content for LMO800. Well defined porous-foam like morphology of the sample was achieved from scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study, which become compact with calcination process. Magnetic properties were found to transform from the ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase for LMO-UH sample, while reduction in magnetization values and coercivity at low temperatures was obtained for LMO-800 and LMO-1000 samples.


The paper deals with heat transfer by convection between impinging gas jets and solid surfaces. It considers both single and multiple jet systems. It emphasizes the flow and geometrical parameters as well as the environment conditions at which the jet emerges. In particular, it points out the effect of the jet tilting, thermal entrainment and jet confinement. ASN and ARN schemes are illustrated through industrial and aeronautical applications. Design correlations are proposed. Experimental data obtained from infrared thermography are compared to CFD simulations.


Simulation models based on plant physiology are used to predict growth and yield of crops. Such models are important because they can be used to pre-evaluate treatments, thus, improving the effectivity of agricultural research and reducing the cost of field experiments. For efficiency purpose, crop models need to be calibrated and validated before using them. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an existing crop model in predicting the yield of East Africa Highland banana (EAHB) under deficit irrigation and different irrigation intervals. The model, CROPWAT 8.0, was calibrated, evaluated and applied for banana crop water requirements and estimation of EAHB yield. For calibration of CROPWAT 8.0, monthly climatic data (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, sunshine hours and rainfall), crop and soil data are were used. Climatic data were provided by the New_LocClim software which is the local climate estimator of FAO, effective rain was set to zero because the experiment was conducted under a rain shelter. Three irrigation levels (IL) (80%, 90% and 100% of Evapotranspiration) were combined with three levels of irrigation intervals (D) (4, 6 and 8 days in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. To evaluate the model for yield estimation, the observed yield was compared with the corresponding simulated values by CROPWAT 8.0 using mean squared deviation (MSD), Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and paired t-test. The predicted banana yield (39.1 ± 2.66 t ha−1) from the calibrated model was very close to the observed yield (38.4 ± 2.37 t ha−1 (p≥0.05, R2 = 0.82 and an NSE of 0.81. MSD analysis showed that the model's prediction was more accurate at 8 or 6 days irrigation intervals than 4 days irrigation interval. The calibrated CROPWAT 8.0 model can be used efficiently to predict the yield of East Africa Highland banana.


Page 23; Deed of Reuben Hall Jun, Hiram Hall, and John Gorham to Frederick Hall (for and in behalf of the Nobscussett Point Pier Company) for a piece of beach land and pond.


Since 2009, export taxation for ferrochrome and ferrochrome ore has been high on the agenda of consultations between the vast majority of South African ferrochrome producers and the Department of Minerals and Energy (DMR). The industry seeks the adoption of two comprehensive government measures, in order to protect and enhance the continuing beneficiation of ferrochrome ore and exports of ferrochrome, namely: (i) a quota to be applied on chromite ore exports, restricting integrated producers to 30 per cent of their 'ore-equivalent' Ferrochrome production capacity; and (ii) a tariff or duty of $100 per ton of ore to be payable on chromite ore exported.


We study the synchronous 8th-order differential attack on the 128-bit block cipher HyRAL proposed by Hirata of Laurel Intelligent Systems in 2010. HyRAL supports 128, 192, 256 bits of secret keys. We found the new synchronous 8th-order differential characteristics of HyRAL in the 8th round of data-mixing part. Exploiting the characteristics we show that 12 rounds of HyRAL can be attacked with 2 blocks of chosen plain text and 2 times of data encryption. We have reduced data complexity to 1/2 and reduced computational complexity to 1/2 compared to the conventional attack.


A functional framework for responsible investment is necessary for quality and consistency in selection, differentiation, and evaluation of varied responsible investment applications as used by investors and/or their service providers. Understanding responsible investment as an intervention aimed at correcting for gaps in conventional financial markets' recognition of real value provides such a framework. Using this framework enables universal investors and those with similar economic interests to identify offerings capable of meeting their needs.


"The chimpanzee offered the usual friendly greeting, and eagerly ran from its living quarters to the transfer cage, and in turn went promptly to the experimental cage. The usual procedure of baiting the cup and lowering the opaque screen was followed. The chimpanzee did not, however, show its usual excitement, but rather quietly knelt before the cage or walked around. Given an opportunity, it chose between the cups with its customary eagerness and alacrity. However, whenever the animal made a mistake, it showed no emotional disturbance, but quietly awaited the loading of the cup for the next trial. The opaque door was again lowered, but without untoward effect, and if the animal failed again it merely continued to play quietly or to pick over its fur. Thus, while the animal repeatedly failed and made a far greater number of errors than it had previously, it was quite impossible to evoke even a suggestion of an experimental neurosis. It was as if the animal had joined the ' happiness cult of the Elder Micheaux ' and had placed its burdens on the Lord."


A change of paradigm in black hole physics, leading to new perspectives in the role of the quantum in fundamental laws of physics, is finally reaching its most cogent confirmation by the introduction of the "inner engine" originating the GeV emission of GRB 130427A. This is explained in the new article [1], published today (22 November 2019) in The Astrophysical Journal, co-authored by R. Ruffini, R. Moradi, J. A. Rueda, L. Becerra, C. L. Bianco, C. Cherubini, Y. C. Chen, M. Karlica, N. Sahakyan, Y. Wang, and S. S. Xue. Remo Ruffini, Director of ICRANet, recalls that this a final step of a 49 years effort. In our joint article of 1971 with John Archibald Wheeler, "Introducing the black hole" [2], we pointed out how the concept of "continuous gravitational contraction", conceived by Oppenheimer and Snyder [3] for the Schwarzschild geometry, had profound modifications by introducing the Kerr metric describing the gravitational field of a spinning mass [4]. We there introduced an effective potential technique to address the particle trajectories around the Kerr black hole (BH), see Problem 12.2 in [5], that led to: 1) the determination of the last stable orbits around the Kerr BH amply applied to the study of gravitational accretion in a vast number of processes, from active galactic nuclei (AGNs), to accretion disk around the BH, to the emission of gravitational waves, see ch. 33 and 34 in [6]; 2) the mass-energy formula of a Kerr BH [7], of a Kerr-Newman BH [8] later confirmed by [9] (see Figure 1) and 3) the progressive change of the Oppenheimer paradigm, based on a Schwarzschild "dead" BH, to the new paradigm envisaging the Kerr "alive" BH indicating the BH as the "largest storehouse of energy in the Universe" [10]. Precisely, the "inner engine" extracting the rotational Christodoulou-Hawking-Ruffini energy of the Kerr BH, has been identified today, after 49 years, in GRB 130427A [1] and has been already successfully extended to GRB 190114C [11]. These results have been made possible thanks to the outstanding data of the GBM and LAT detectors of the Fermi satellite, the BAT and XRT detectors of the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and the optical and the higher energy detectors on the ground.


Let φ : D→ D and ψ : D→ C be analytic maps. They induce a weighted composition operator ψCφ acting between weighted Bergman spaces of infinite order and weighted Bloch type spaces. Under some assumptions on the weights we give a characterization for such an operator to be bounded in terms of the weights involved as well as the functions ψ and φ.


Pixar's PhotoRealistic RenderMan® is a powerful graphics rendering system with underexplored potential for visualizing scientific data. We utilized PhotoRealistic RenderMan® to visualize simulations of galaxy mergers which are dynamic and contain large volumes of multidimensional data. Our goal was to emulate existing astronomical imagery such as images captured by the Hubble Space Telescope. In order to accomplish this we developed techniques for rendering individual stars and also took into account factors such as galaxy density. PhotoRealistic RenderMan® was used to create a movie from the provided galaxy merger data. In this paper we describe our approach and present the results. We also discuss how the rendering framework can be extended to incorporate the effects of light bending due to gravity.


The Holocene data on fossil pollen given in this scientific paper were obtained from the underground analysis of the Elbasan city, an ancient city located in Central Albania. In this paper, data are given on the evolutionary line that representatives of the Dipsacaceae family have followed over the years. Based on archeological studies of the Elbasani underground, the described time coincides with the New Holocene period. As the primary goal of this paper, we have given the connection between the distribution of fossil pollen of Dipsacaceae plants over the years. The data on the Dipsacaceae fossil pollen were analyzed during the period September-November 2022, and are presented for the first time.Based on the data obtained after performing the chemical and statistical analysis of the fossil pollen of Dipsacaceae plants, we have obtained very interesting results, such as the finding of Dipsacaceae family palynomorphs in all analyzed soil samples from the depth to the surface. We also ascertain and have identified 442 fossil pollens that appear with a constant and stable tendency of their presence from the depth to the soil surface.Based on the obtained results, we are of the opinion that: the change of the vegetation over the years for the analyzed area is mainly related to the human influence on the cultivation of important and necessary plants and fruit trees, after the in-depth analysis that was made on foreign and local literature, no other factors are found. with an important influence on the Central Albania flora.


A monitors the number of passes of the machine moving parts through the provision of moving region (18). A present apparatus (10) moves input for receiving the encoder signal indicating an operation amount of the machine part (18) and (32), the passage of mechanical moving parts through the movement region defined (18) and a fail-safe evaluation unit (34) for supplying the fail-safe stop signal according to the number of. Failsafe evaluation unit (34) from the operation amount, and is configured to determine the number of passes of the machine moving parts through the movement region defined (18). .FIELD 1


The drug-harm affair of dextromethorphan, thalidomide and perhexiline opens out the stereoselectivity for drug action again. Esomeprazole and escitalopram are the successful example for chiral switching. (R)-Fluoxetine conversion is aborted as estimation mistake, but defenfluramine is faced with catastrophic result because of successful chiral switching. Levocetirizine and eszopiclone extend their life cycle by chiral switching.


Objective To explore an ideal method for culturing autologous chondrocytes while maintaining their cartilaginous phenotype by combining monolayer culture with three-dimensional culture. Methods Chondrocytes were cultured by routine monolayer culture method,then the chondrocytes of fourth passage were seeded into alginate beads for three-dimensional culture following standard protocols. The cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope at predefined time points. The cell viability and proliferation were tested by trypan blue and LIVE/DEAD○R Kit,respectively. And extracellular matrix formation was examined by toluidine blue staining. Results The cartilaginous phenotype of chondrocytes could only be maintained by passage 2 and 3 after monolayer culture. Three-dimensional culture could gradually regain and maintain the cartilaginous phenotype of de -differentiated chondrocytes ( P4). Cells of P1 -3 by monolayer culture could maintain 90% activity,which decreased from P4. The cytoactivity of cells by three-dimensional culture method was always above 90%. The total doubling rate till P6 by monolayer culture ( 28 days) was 44 times that by three-dimensional culture. The staining intensity of cartilaginous extracellular matrix was significantly decreased after P4 by monolayer culture ( P 0. 05). For three-dimensional method,the staining intensities of cartilaginous extracellular matrix at day 21 and 28 were significantly higher than that at day 7( P 0. 05). Conclusion Monolayer culture allows proper proliferation of chondrocytes,and following three-dimensional culture in alginate beads can regain the cartilaginous phenotype of chondrocytes,thus achieving the aim of both amplification and maintenance of the cartilaginous phenotype.


An optical parametric amplifier generating as short as 14 fs pulses in a visible region has been constructed in a noncollinear phase-matching configuration. The group-velocity matching between the signal and idler enormously broadens the gain bandwidth up to 2000 cm−1, which is mainly limited by the chirp of the seed pulses. Pulses shorter than 20 fs are tunable from 550 to 690 nm by scanning the delay-line of the pump beam.


Objective To choose rapid-sensitive detection assay for the plague antibody/antigen so as to provide scientific basis for plague prevention and cure.Methods To detect the plague antibody/antigen with gold immune-chromatographic assay(GICA),indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA)and reverse indirect hemaggluti-nation assay(RIHA)at the meantime.Results The positive samples were 10 with GICA and 6 with RIHA in 191 animal liver-spleen samples in Sichuan Province,The positive samples all were 13 with GICA and IHA in 417 animal serum samples.Conclusion GICA was proved to be a simple,rapid method for the detection plague antibody/antigen and quite suitable for the plague field surveillance.


The article focuses its attention on the deconcentration of competences and decentralization of faculties. Is tackledpossibility of advancing increasingly in the deconcentration of powers and decentralization of faculties becomes an opportunity for the strategy in the development of urban housing that reorganizes the insufficient relationship between the central and local administration as a result of excessive concentration in the projection, execution and control of the constructive actions in the power of the first that demands new actions within these public policies, aimed at a functional decongestion as guarantor of the progress of the municipal societies, which allows them to assume the efficient review of their resources and mobilize their capacities in function of satisfying the public interest in their territories as an effective tool of government, in correspondence with the letter and the spirit of the updating of the Cuban socio-economic model and the new Constitution of the Republic approved by the citizenship, endowing the constructive process of the most genuine popular participation.


A circular waveguide antenna and a circular waveguide array antenna are provided to reduce a manufacturing cost, and to improve reflective loss characteristics and enhance a radiative gain. A circular waveguide antenna includes a feeding part and a radiating aperture(10). The feeding part is formed to feed electromagnetic waves to a side of a conical horn(11). The radiating aperture is formed to radiate the electromagnetic waves. A dielectric sheet(12) includes a conductive foil. The conical horn is electrically connected to the dielectric sheet. A dielectric sheet(13) is formed between the dielectric sheet and a strip line(14). The strip line is used for transmitting high frequency signals and is extended to the inside of the conical horn.


Lipomas of the breast are usually small, benign neoplasms which can be treated by simple excision. We report a case of a 58-year-old female who presented with complaining of severe growth and swelling of her left breast. A follow-up ultrasonography and mammography scan revealed a giant mass filling the upper quadrant of left breast. The patient underwent surgical removal of the mass, with histologic examination confirming the diagnosis of a giant lipoma of the breast.


A method of detecting damage damper, comprising the step of: Determining characteristics of a damper by evaluating a signal of an antilock braking system the wheel speed sensor, wherein the determining step comprises the step of: determining the time course of the change in radius .DELTA.R of the tire or determining the time profile of the rotational speed variation .DELTA.n of the rim based on the signal of the anti-lock braking system the wheel speed sensor, characterized by the step of: Calculating the auto power density spectrum Φ


The invention provides a pulmonary nodule benignity and malignancy predicting method based on convolutional neural networks. The pulmonary nodule benignity and malignancy predicting method based on the convolutional neural networks comprises obtaining multi-scale pulmonary nodule image blocks from pulmonary nodule coordinates; according to the multi-scale pulmonary nodule image blocks, structuring the convolutional neural network corresponding to every multi-scale pulmonary nodule image block; according to a loss function, training the convolutional neural networks through the multi-scale pulmonary nodule image blocks; extracting low-dimensional features of pulmonary nodules through the trained convolutional neural networks; training a non-linear classifier through the low-dimensional features and predicting unknown pulmonary nodule image blocks. The pulmonary nodule benignity and malignancy predicting method based on the convolutional neural networks can accurately predict the benignity and malignancy of the unknown pulmonary nodule image blocks.


Aging is a status often associated with multiple comorbidities which require pharmacologic intervention and complex medication regimens. Aging population results to the increase of chronic diseases and subsequent comorbidities that require concomitant multiple medications. It is reported that about 80 % of elderly have at least one chronic condition, and about half of them have at least two (such as heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and cancer). According the literature the worldwide polypharmacy prevalence has a wide range (between 5 to 78 %) due to different definitions on the number of medications taken (ranging between 2 and 9) and  the  different  samples  studied.  In  most  studies  polypharmacy  was  more  common  between  women  and  in more elderly people. Many multicenter studies have been performed to define the term of polypharmacy and its prevalence in the elderly population. Polypharmacy is of growing concern for the older adults, because it can be very dangerous for this population due to altered absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drugs within  their body  reflecting unexpected pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of  various medications. This fact can lead to adverse drug reactions (ADR), drug interactions, noncompliance and reduced adherence, reduced functional status, geriatric syndromes, high risk of hospitalization and possible death. Over the last decade, there are several evaluation tools which can help the General Practitioner prevent the polypharmacy in the elderly. As prescribing for this group of individuals is a very challenging procedure, the General Practitioner should balance between under-treatment, over-treatment and risks and benefits. This review concluded that we need more crosssectional clinical studies on practical preventive  interventions to be applied not only on the population which  is already exposed to polypharmacy, but also to the general population.


The effective development of food market taking into account the interests of its participants predetermines a search of new approaches of their interaction. The cluster approach as the technology of management of development of food market of the region is the subject of this research. The aim of work is the justification of possibility of application of cluster approach to the development of food market as an organizational and economic mechanism allowing to compensate the problems noted in this work. For the justification of application of cluster approach to the development of food market of the region, its optimizing economic and mathematical model in the form of a multiple parameter problem of linear programming allowing to determine the optimum values of investment, production and financial parameters of functioning of food market of the region using the criterion of net present value is created and approved by the authors. It is revealed that the creation of agrofood cluster in the region will give an opportunity to reduce expenses in the scheme "production-processingconsumer" which will provide the growth of consolidated revenues by 2.25 times and will also allow to increase the product range and to strengthen the competitive positions of agriculture. As a result, the provision of population with food will improve, the rural economics of the region will be significantly strengthened, and the application of special tax regime (single agricultural tax) will allow to lower the tax burden, to simplify tax accounting and reporting for rural producers, to release a part of resources and to focus them on the development of agrofood cluster. The modeling of food market of the region with the use of cluster approach and the presented mathematical model also allows to support decision-making taking into account the requirements shown to the food supply of the population of the region in the quantitative and qualitative aspects.


Favorable outcomes from ongoing research at the University of Colorado Boulder on student learning in junior-level electrostatics (EM and an instrument for assessing whether our faculty-consensus learning goals are being met. We also discuss preliminary results from several recent implementations of our transformed curriculum, plans for the dissemination and further refinement of these materials, and offer some insights into student difficulties in advanced undergraduate electromagnetism.


This paper discusses the importance of humanistic environment in modern hospitals. Experiences from both domestic and international hospital projects are summarized and analyzed in four aspects.


A newly prepared ligand, N,N-bis(pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)benzylamine (L) reacted with metal ions to form [FeLCl3], [NiL(NCS)2(MeOH)], [MLX2](M = CoII, CuII or ZnII, X = Cl–, Br– or NCS–) and [(CuLI)2]. The crystallographically determined structures of [CoLCl2] and [CoL(NCS)2] reveal the co-ordination sphere of cobalt(II) to be intermediate between distorted tetrahedral and trigonal bipyramidal. In [NiL(NCS)2(MeOH)] the co-ordination sphere of nickel(II) ion is distorted octahedral while that of copper(II) in [CuLCl2] is distorted square pyramidal. The complex [(CuLI)2] displays distorted tetrahedral geometry around copper(I), and [ZnLBr2] shows distorted tetrahedral geometry around zinc(II).


This study is aimed to find out an alternative strategies of creative industry development of pearl jewelry craft sector in Mataram city. The research uses descriptive research design. The data collected by interview and observation methods which is analyzed by using Internal Factor Analysis (IFE), External Factor Analysis (EFE), and SWOT analysis. The results shows that the internal environment of the industry has a strong position where the strength has a total value of 2.46 compared to the weakness of 0.64. The industry's position of the outside environment also has strong position where the industry 's opportunity has a total value of 1.80 versus threat 1.04. Based on the value of IFE and EFE can be obtained coordinate point in the axis system is 0.91,0.38. The strategy choice is a growth strategy. K eyword : development Strategy , SWOT, creative industry of pearl jewelry


Abstract Ornamental plants provide valuable services that benefit people and the environment. Herbivorous insects, particularly invasive pests with little resistance from natural enemies or plant defenses, damage plants and reduce the beneficial services they provide. Reduced-risk insecticides are valuable tools to selectively reduce target pests and protect plants while presumably conserving natural enemies. Herein, we conducted 2 separate tests of a new reduced-risk insecticide, cyantraniliprole, and industry standards for the control of Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a damaging invasive insect pest of ornamental plants. We also evaluated each insecticide's compatibility with Orius insidiosus Say (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), an important natural enemy of S. dorsalis. During laboratory evaluations, we found that spinosad was superior in acute toxicity to S. dorsalis and compatibility with O. insidiosus. Cyantraniliprole was consistently moderately toxic to S. dorsalis and O. insidiosus under lab conditions. In the field study, we found that all reduced-risk insecticides had no detectable effect on natural enemy abundance. Cyantraniliprole provided the best plant protection, with 70% less damage than the untreated control. Importantly, the effect of cyantraniliprole on S. dorsalis and plant protection depended on the application rate, such that the lowest rate tested did not reduce damage. This study demonstrates IPM tactics for managing an important invasive pest with a combination of chemical and biological control. As non-target effects of commonly used insecticides are becoming better understood, safer tools are needed to protect beneficial organisms, ornamental plants, and their services.


A method for protecting molds of an injection molding machine with a stationary plate (3) supporting a stationary mold (1); a movable plate (4) which is arranged opposite the stationary plate (3) and a movable mold (2) bears; and a drive control system which drives the movable plate (4) and carries out a mold closing operation between the movable mold and the stationary mold (1), the method being characterized by: setting a plurality of monitor portions within a moving range of the movable plate (4); setting an upper limit for the longitudinal force of the movable plate (4) for each monitoring section; and performing a mold protection process when the longitudinal force of the movable plate (4) during the mold closing process, the one defined in any one of the monitoring portions reaches upper limit.