The article discusses the stage of formation of the musicological research methodology in Russia. Similarly to a significant part of the humanitarian heritage of the 1920s which was persecuted during Stalin's Great Break, this research tradition was largely lost and forgotten in the following decades, and currently remains undervalued, despite modern interest in this era. Meanwhile, in the decade after the revolution, significant and in many ways extraordinary results were achieved in this area, all the more impressive if to consider that the methodology of the history of music was created almost from scratch. This article reconstructs the main components of the music history paradigm of the 1920s based on methodological works by B.V. Asafiev, S.L. Ginzburg, B.L. Yavorsky, K.A. Kuznetsov, and N.F. Findeizen. Most of these works have never been republished, and several still exist only in manuscripts. The undertaken analysis results in a conclusion that in the period under consideration, Russian musicology had all the necessary prerequisites for the formation of an original research school in music history which actively accumulated the latest achievements of related disciplines. Herewith, many of research issues musicologists of that time were engaged in, the questions they posed, and the research directions they set have remained relevant.


Lie Algebraic methodsl implemented with truncated power series algebra packages2 or libraries,3 have become important in nonlinear single-particle dynamics studies.4 Algorithms for nonlinear normal forms5 and one-turn map tracking, such as kick factorization and integrable polynomial factorization,7 have been becoming common numerical practices. Much progress has been made in the one-turn map tracking during the last decade — formerly regarded as "impossible" to a first successful demonstrations and then to a more thorough exploration for the kick factorization and the implicit map.10 In this article, we outline procedures used for PEP-II electron ring lattice studies using recently developed resonance basis mapsll and nPB tracking .12


A high-resolution late-Holocene sea-level record is produced from salt-marsh deposits at Vioarhólmi in Snæfellsnes, western Iceland. The stratigraphy of Vioarhólmi saltmarsh is documented using detailed descriptions of ten exposed sections and numerous hand-drilled cores. Fossil foraminifera are used as proxy sea-level indicators in an exposed section of salt-marsh peat. The agglutinated foraminifera Jadammina macrescens and Paratrochammina (Lepidoparatrochammina) haynesi are most useful as sea-level indicators because of their narrow vertical extent on the marsh surface and their good preservation in the peaty marsh deposits. We collected compaction-free sea-level index points from salt-marsh peat directly overlying the bedrock surface to establish the pre-industrial millennial-scale trend of sea-level rise and evaluate effects of autocompaction on the stratigraphy. The chronology of the sea-level reconstruction is based on tephra stratigraphy, AMS 14C, 137Cs, Pb and palaeomagnetic analyses. The main tephra layer visible in the stratigraphy of Vioarhólmi salt marsh is the Landnám (settlement) layer, previously dated to AD 875±6. A sea-transported pumice layer was correlated to the 'Mediaeval Layer' of AD 1226/27. Our reconstruction indicates that relative sea level along the coast of western Iceland has risen by about 1.3 m since c. AD 100. The detrended sea-level record shows a slow rise between AD 100 and 500, followed by a slow downward trend reaching a lowstand in the first half of the nineteenth century. This falling trend is consistent with a steric change estimated from reconstructions of sea-surface and sea-bottom temperatures from shelf sediments off Northern Iceland. The sea-level record shows a marked recent rise of about 0.4 m that commenced AD 1820±20 as dated by palaeomagnetism and Pb produced by European coal burning. This rapid sea-level rise is interpreted to be related to global temperature rise. The rise has continued up to the present day and has also been measured, since 1957, by the Reykjavik tide gauge.


yearsince2000.TheASAClosedClaimsProjecthasrecorded 54casesofWSPEs.AnalysisofWSPEcases,includingWSPE casessubmittedtohttp://www.wrong-side.org,suggestseveralcommoncausesofWSPEsandrecurrentsystemicfailures. Based on these findings, we estimate that there are 1300 to 2700 WSPEs annually in the United States. Despite a significant number of cases, reporting of WSPEs is virtuallynonexistent,withreportsinthelaypressfarmore common than reports in the medical literature. Our research suggests clear factors that contribute to the occurrence of WSPEs, as well as ways to reduce them.


The TNF-α 308 G/A (rs1800629) gene polymorphism was studied in 56 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and TNF-α levels were determined in 103 lacrimal fluid samples. An increase in TNF-α – 94 [45; 165] pkg/ml in patients with glaucoma compared with the control group (p=0.001) was revealed. The probability of developing POAG increased in residents of the homozygous for the rare allele genotype 308 A/A – 6.30 (95 % CI: 0.77–51.9, p=0.049), as well as in the owners of the heterozygous genotype 308 G/A – 3.60 (95 % CI: 0.96–13.6, p=0.049). High levels of TNF-α in the lacrimal fluid in patients with POAG are associated with the A308A genotype –


The initial condition for the formation of the Quark-Gluon Plasma, the distribution of quarks and gluons produced in the initial stages of nuclear collisions, is the fundamental building block of heavy-ion theory. In the framework of saturation physics and Wilson lines formalism we calculate the scattering amplitude, beyond the leading order, of the classical gluon produced in heavy-ion collisions.known as the initial condition of the Quark-Gluon Plasma formation, is the fundamental building block of heavy-ion theory.


We enrich thin concurrent games with symmetry, recently introduced by Castellan et al, with probabilities, and build on top of it a cartesian closed category with an interpretation of Probabilistic PCF (PPCF). Exploiting that the strategies obtained from PPCF terms have a deadlock-free interaction, we deduce that there is a functor preserving the interpretation from our games to the probabilistic relational model recently proved fully abstract by Ehrhard et al. It follows that our model is intensionally fully abstract, without the need for a probabilistic notion of innocence. This holds both for a sequential and a parallel interpretation of PPCF in the style of Castellan et al.


The briefing paper was commissioned by the Council of Australian University Librarians (CAUL) to examine the current picture and evolving role of electronic textbooks (eTextbooks) and third party eLearning products in the academic arena. The study reviews industry trends, identifies the major players and considers the different stakeholder perspectives of eTextbook adoption. Within the context of learning and teaching in the digital age, specific areas of research, policy and practice are highlighted to consider the implications that eTextbooks might have for universities in general and for university libraries in particular. An environmental scan focused on the analysis of current developments and the anticipated future directions of digital learning resources in Australia, as well as in other major English speaking countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States. This research guided the development of key interview questions aimed at examining, at a deeper level, diverse stakeholder perspectives about the roles university libraries can play in the adoption of digital learning content.


Introduction: As university systems are dealing with a wide range of users, including students, managers, and university employees, these systems can likely satisfy the needs and activities of various users with maximum quality in the shortest possible time. Consequently, it is very essential to observe usability features in the design of such systems. The current study aimed to evaluate the usability of the Hamava system to recognize and resolve its problems and weaknesses.Material and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive study that was done in the second half of 2022 on the Hamava system of students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Nielsen's Heuristics (ten principles) were used to check the compliance of this system with the usability principles. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the overall severity of the identified usability factors collected using the checklist.Results: In the present evaluation, 176 problems were recognized, with the highest number of problems related to the violation of the two principles of aesthetic and minimalist design (n=58), user control and freedom (n=31), and the least problem related to the recognition rather than recall principle (n=4).Conclusion: The results of the current study revealed that though a large number of users of the Hamava system are students and it is expected that this system will be designed based on the latest standards and the needs of its users, this system also faces usability problems that if not resolved, it can cause an increase in errors, dissatisfaction of users, decrease in the quality of information, waste of users' time, and lack of effective user interaction with the educational system.


Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-2164 / Informative value of sonography in tumor extension in inferior vena cava in children with malignant neoplasms" by: "I. Begun; Minsk Region/BY"


Measurements of short-term variations in blend proportions along the length of a yarn are compared with the variations predicted theoretically. For few doublings the ob served variation is found to be greater than the theoretical variation. The results are used to express, as an equivalent number of doublings, the action of the card on this variation in blend proportion.


Abstract. Due to the different national conditions, the driving forces and factors of national terrorist attacks vary. Therefore, this paper takes GTD China sample data as the research object to study and predict. The prediction process is as follows: On the basis of the BP network-based model for predicting the most dangerous areas, combined with the GTD sample data, the best number of nodes in the implicit layer of the prediction model is automatically selected by combining the empirical formula with the MATLAB program. Three improved BP algorithms are used to train the network model. The results show that the training error of Levenburg Marquardt algorithm is minimal and the convergence speed is fastest. Through the training and simulation of the model, it is proved that the model has high precision and can meet the requirement of practical application.


A method for modeling the strain-softening behavior of clay under undrained and/or partially drained conditions is proposed and applied to simulate the uplift resistance of a belled foundation. The proposed method is based on the Modified Cam clay (MCC) model. It is assumed that during the softening process, the strain increments can still be calculated by the MCC model, but the effective stress path is enforced to follow the critical state line (CSL). The proposed method has been incorporated into a finite element code and its performance was verified by simulating undrained triaxial compression tests. Subsequently, the effect of strain-softening on the uplift resistance of a belled foundation in clay was investigated numerically. Numerical results indicate that the strain-softening behavior of the soil surrounding the foundation reduces its uplift resistance. The more brittle the soil, the smaller the uplift displacement required for the peak resistance to be mobilized and the greater the reduction of the resistance for a given uplift displacement. The numerical results also indicate that the amount of tension developed at the base of the foundation has a significant influence on the uplift resistance of a belled foundation.


Aesthetic values and historicity are both pillars on which the development of tourism is mainly based (Zukin, 1995). At the European level, the historic city centres have attracted an important amount of tourists for centuries. However, apart from the most visited European cities, in recent decades, a set of secondary cities have developed interesting initiatives for urban regeneration and tourism promotion (Russo y Van der Borg, 2002). The city of Plymouth located in the south of England constitutes an example of good practices in this field. Plymouth is a medium size, a multifunctional city with regional relevance and is placed in the most visited regions of England. Its geographical position guaranteed an historic role as a naval base and also as an important port in relation with migrations and colonial trade. Therefore, the city has a noticeable port character and strong relationship with military forces which contributes to define the current urban shape. The recent urban transformations are linked to enhancement plans in the waterfront and historic areas trying to upgrade the attractiveness of part of the city for the visitors (Lacaze, 1995). The book here reviewed is the evolution of a doctoral thesis and; therefore, it addresses four research questions. The first one is oriented to study the evolution of the historic city. It follows the concerns on the current framework of the preservation of historic city as heritage asset; then, the analysis of the city tourist model and finally, the author focuses on how the different stakeholders and initiatives are related to the tourism development. For that purpose, its research is divided into four aspects: heritage and culture, tourism, urban planning and economy. As a result, a holistic approach is obtained through integral analysis far from sectoial perspectives. The author demonstrates his dexterity in producing his own graphic materials, mainly thematic maps and schemes on historical aerial photographs. The use of the contrast between the black and white cartographic bases and the superposition of points, lines or coloured surfaces is very pleasant for the understanding of the text. Furthermore, the volume contains many interesting photographs. The book is organised into six parts, followed by a set of conclusions. The volume is opened with an introductory chapter in which the methodology and the research questions are presented. The second chapter is devoted to a deep review of scholar contributions about the role of the historic city in Europe regarding its heritage values and the recent touristic trends. The next section is an outstanding summary of the city due to its conciseness and comprehensiveness; and as a consequence, it is really effective for readers who do not know the city of Plymouth. The fourth chapter is divided into two different sections; on the first part, the evolution of the interest in heritage preservation. This part part is characterised by its linear narrative from the outbreak of the Second World War, going through the aftermath of Plymouth Blitz and the subsequent Plan for Plymouth designed by Sir Patrick Abercrombie and James Watson (1943) in 1943 —and based on the model of Automotive City (Choay, 1983)—, and ending with the recent inner city regeneration focused on the heritage and tourism as an economic resource. The second part of the fourth chapter addresses the current framework of heritage protection under different perspectives; on the one hand, the conservation areas and listed buildings; on the other hand, analysing the heritage at risk. The chapter number five is entitled Tourism in Plymouth's historic city and in its first part summarizes the history of tourist sector, whereas in the second is focused on the presence and significance of tourism and related activities. The final chapter is devoted to explaining the role of actors and initiatives involved in the management of the tourist-historic city. This chapter is based on fieldwork and qualitative analysis of plans and projects from the public administration, public-private agencies, pri1 D. Barrera-Fernández (2016): Attracting visitors to ancient neighbourhoods. Creation and management of the tourist-historic city centre of Plymouth. UK, PhD Series, InPlanning, Gronningen, Netherlands, 293 pp.


The X-ray diffraction data for the single phase UAl4 are reported. The data were obtained with a Huber–Guinier diffractometer with MoKα1 radiation. The unit cell of UAl4 is orthorhombic (space group Imma) with lattice parameters a=4.396 Å, b=6.251 Å, and c=13.699 Å.


. Molecular abundances derived in a sample of CO complexes in the Magellanic Clouds are discussed. With a possible exception of H C O + , the chemical compositions observed in this sample show a striking uniformity. The data indicate that the molecular concentrations are down by a factor of 5 in the SMC, relative those observed in a cloud associated with the H II region Ν159 in the LMC. A similar difference seems to exist within the LMC, between the 30 Doradus region and the N159 area. An estimate of the electron abundance in the N159 cloud is presented, based on a recent detection of DCO+.


BOVILL, Surgn.-Lieut.-Col. B., Civil Surgn, of Patna, is appointed to be Civil Surgn. of Darjeeling, vice Surgn.Maj. U. Cobb, transferred. Cobb, Surgn.-Maj. R., Civil Surgn. of Darjeeling, is appointed to be Civil Snrgn. of Patna, vice Surgn.-Lieut.Col. E. Bovill, transferred. Green, Surgn.-Capfc. C R. M., Civil Surgn. of Manbhum, on return from leave, is appointed to act as Civil Surgn. of Bankura, with effect from the 19th January 1896. Waddell, Surgn.-Maj. L. A., M.B., Depy. Sany. Commr., Northern Circle, Bengal, is appointed Chemical Examiner and Professor of Chemistry, Medl. Coll., Calcutta. Drury, Surgn.-Capt. F. J., Resident Physician, Medl. Coll. Hospfcl., and Professor of Pathology, Medl. Coll., Calcutta, to act as Principal', Medl. Coll., and ex-officio First Physician, Medl. Coll. Hosptl., during the absence of Surgn.Lieut.-Col. G. Bomford. Evans, Surgn.-Capfc. J. F., Chemical Examiner to Govt., and Professor of Chemistry, Medl. Coll., Calcutta, to be Depy. Sany. Commr., Northern Bengal Circle. Evans, Surgn.-Capt. J. F., Depy. Sany. Commr., Northern Bengal Circle, to act as Resident Physician, Medl. Coll. Hosptl., and Professor of Pathology, Medl. Coll., Calcutta. Deare. Surgn.-Capt. B. H., Offg. Depy. Sany, Commr., Metropolitan and Eastern Bengal Circle, to act as Depy. Sany. Commr., Northern Bengal. Grainger, Surgn.-Capfc. T., Offg. Civil Surgn., Burdwan, to act. until further orders, as Civil Surgn., Singhbhum. Whitwell, Surgn.-Maj. R. R. H., Civil Surgn., Bhagalpur, to act as Civil Surgn., Nadia.


Insomnia, a common sleep disorder, affects more than 70 million Americans. According to the National Sleep Foundation's 2005 Sleep in America poll, about 75% of adults have experienced a symptom of a sleep problem a few nights a week or more in the past year.


This thesis reviews the use of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) as an insulating medium in the electrical power industry and quantifies the potential global warming effects associated with its continued use. A mixture of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is suggested as a potential alternative to SF6, and its insulation properties are examined. Pressure mixture ratios of 10%:90%, 20%:80% and 30%:70% CF3I-CO2 are used in the laboratory test programme.
A test rig has been developed to safely fill and recover gas mixtures of CF3I-CO2 in switchgear. Practical medium voltage (MV) switch disconnectors and ring main units are used to test the insulation properties of CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures and compared with SF6 using standard lightning impulses (1.2/50 μs). The experimental mixture ratios are used to identify how the insulation strength varies depending on the content of CF3I used. The switchgear is filled to its normal and minimum operating pressure to observe the reduction in insulation performance of the gas mixtures when the pressure is reduced. The insulation strength is measured using the 50% breakdown voltages (U50) and withstand strengths of each gas mixture in accordance with international standards.
The effective ionisation coefficients of various CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures are calculated. This process identified the estimated critical reduced electric field strengths of several CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures. Furthermore, electric field simulations utilised the effective ionisation coefficient functions and the contact geometry of a switch disconnector to predict the likelihood of a flashover occurring for various CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures.
This investigation shows that CF3I-CO2 can successfully be used to insulate practical MV switchgear but is dependent on equipment design and operating pressure. It has previously been indicated that by-products of CF3I make it unsuitable to interrupt high current. Therefore, it is suggested in this study that CF3I-CO2 gas mixtures can be adopted to insulate equipment such as vacuum circuit breakers.


Different techniques to study lateral diffusion of lipids are reviewed, including long-range diffusion methods and short-range diffusion methods. Long-range diffusion methods require the measurements of the time needed to fill a given area of the membrane. Applications of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) method are discussed. Short-range diffusion methods measure the rate of bimolecular collisions. The methods include fluorescence quenching, fluorescence energy transfer, nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Special attention is given to Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Procedure of obtaining diffusion coefficient D using novel two dimensional electron double-double resonance experiment (2D-ELDOR) is discussed in greater detail. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of using 2D Fourier Transform ESR spectroscopy for lateral diffusion studies, the D of spin-labeled phospholipids sample is estimated by 2D-ELDOR method.


Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) deleted in lymphocytic leukaemia 1 (DLEU1) was reported to be involved in the occurrence and development of multiple cancers. However, the exact expression, biological function and underlying mechanism of DLEU1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) in HCC tissues and cell lines revealed that DLEU1 expression was up‐regulated, and the increased DLEU1 was closely associated with advanced tumour‐node‐metastasis stage, vascular metastasis and poor overall survival. Function experiments showed that knockdown of DLEU1 significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, and suppressed epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process via increasing the expression of E‐cadherin and decreasing the expression of N‐cadherin and Vimentin. Luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay demonstrated that DLEU1 could sponge miR‐133a. Moreover, miR‐133a inhibition significantly reversed the suppression effects of DLEU1 knockdown on HCC cells. Besides, we found that silenced DLEU1 significantly decreased insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‐1R) expression (a target of miR‐133a) and its downstream signal PI3K/AKT pathway in HCC cells, while miR‐133a inhibitor partially reversed this trend. Furthermore, DLEU1 knockdown impaired tumour growth in vivo by regulating miR‐133a/IGF‐1R axis. Collectively, these findings indicate that DLEU1 promoted HCC progression by sponging miR‐133a to regulate IGF‐1R expression. Deleted in lymphocytic leukaemia 1/miR‐133a/IGF‐1R axis may be a novel target for treatment of HCC.


The prediction of epileptic seizure has always been extremely challenging in medical domain. However, as the development of computer technology, the application of machine learning introduced new ideas for seizure forecasting. Applying machine learning model onto the predication of epileptic seizure could help us obtain a better result and there have been plenty of scientists who have been doing such works so that there are sufficient medical data provided for researchers to do training of machine learning models.


Review(s) of: 'Ordinary Families, Special Children: A Systems Approach to Childhood Disability', by Seligman, Martin and Benjamin Darling, Rosalyn, The Guilford Press, 3rd ed., 2007. ISBN 978-1-59385-362-4, PB, 434 pp. Review(s) of: 'Blue Sky July', by Nia Wyn, Nia, Penguin UK, 2008. ISBN 978-0-14103-718-9, PB, 180 pp.


A parking support system was developed which displays the vehicle and its surroundings as a bird's-eye view image without distortion. This system transforms and synthesizes the rear view camera image obtained while the vehicle moved. The bird's-eye view image also contains the past road surface image which is outsides current field angle of the camera. Therefore the driver can grasp the spatial relationship of the vehicle and the parking space easily. And this system is realizable only by adding the software to the conventional parking support system offering the rear view camera image. Especially this paper states in detail how to generate the clear synthesized image, by preventing accumulation of the quantization error, when the system performs image rotation processing. Image rotation processing is performed when the vehicle turns. For the covering abstract see ITRD E140665.


Transition-metal phosphides (TMPs) enjoy metalloid characteristics with good electrical conductivity, making them potential candidates for electrochemical supercapacitors. However, TMPs are difficu...


In this study, we examine a moderated mediation model of how workplace racial harassment influences the job satisfaction of black and white employees in South Africa. In particular, we combine the ...


This study aims to determine the effect of cash flows from operating, investing, and financing to saham Return. Data obtained from the income statement, cash flow statement, as well as saham market prices daily on Textile companies listed on the Saham Exchange 2014-2019. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression, F test and t test. The samples are 15 companies Textile sector during the period 2014-2019. Based on the survey results revealed that a significant difference between cash flows from operating, investing, and financing on saham Returns with sig <0.05. T test results of each independent variable cash flows from operating, investing, and financing an effect on saham Returns (Returns) with sig < 0.05. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the investors who want to invest their shares in the company on the Indonesian Saham Exchange should pay attention to the ratio of a company's cash investment object, because of the results showed that the cash flow effect on saham Returns


The background is the Higher order thinking skills of students that have not been developed to the maximum, the learning approaches used have not varied, and the lack of learning media. The cognitive abilities of students are also not yet developed. This study aims to: (1) Improve Higher Order Thinking Skills of Science Education students, (2) Increase Student Cognitive Ability. The research method used was Classroom Action Research with the Kurt Lewin model and the Collaborative Model with more than one cycle. Every cycle there are stages that must be passed systematically, namely the preparation phase, the implementation phase, observation, evaluation, and reflection. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The data analysis technique used is quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results of this study concluded that the HOTS of Science Education students in a fluid course increased with the module-assisted SETS approach with the results of the first cycle with an increase of 46% of the target, and the second cycle increased by 65% of the target. Fluid cognitive abilities can be improved through the application of the module-assisted SETS learning approach with a cognitive increase of 72%.


The Tarim Basin is the biggest arid inland basin in China.It is located in Asia European Continent and far away from the sea.The Aksu,Hotan,Yarkant and Kaidu-Konque Rivers are four source rivers of Tarim River drainage.The three tributary river systems(Aksu,Hotan and Yarkant) that contribute flows to the Tarim River join just above the Aler gauging station where the Tarim River begins.From the confluence of its three main contributing tributaries,the Tarim River mainstream extends 1321 km to Taitema Lake.In addition the Kaidu-Konque River Basin,which is hydrologically separate from the Tarim River,contributes water to the Tarim River by means of a manmade transfer channel.In 2008,annual virgin flow of 241.8×108 m3 from four mountains basins of Aksu,Hotan,Yarkant and Kaidu Konque Rivers drain into the Tarim Basin,more 11.5 % than average annual streamflow,is an abundant hydrological year.The annual total virgin flow of Aksu,Hotan and Yarkant above the Aler gauging station are 202.5×108 m3 from the mountains basins,and of the Kaidu-Konque River from Tianshan Mountains 38.83×108 m3.The total discharge of the four source rivers into Tarim River is 29.52×108 m3 in 2008,which three tributary river systems(Aksu,Hotan and Yarkant) contributes 24.74×108 m3 flows to the Tarim River.Most of this water is consumptively used before reaching the confluence.Yarkant is only river no water drain into the mainstream of Tarim Rive.The interzone consumed water of the Tarim River mainstream are estimated to be 21.11×108 m3 for the upper course,the largest consumed section of the Tarim River mainstream;7.63×108 m3 for the middle course,and 0.46×108 m3 for the downstream course.The consumed water of the Tarim River mainstream is too large to emergency water diversion temporarily to downstream for ecological environment in 2008.


Recent understandings regarding \textit{tresinos} in laboratory experiments and geophysical observations represents a new paradigm for Earth's energy generation as well as a new direction toward de...


Central bank communication is becoming a key aspect of monetary policy. How much financial markets listen and, possibly, understand Banco de Mexico's communication on its monetary policy stance should be a key consideration for the central bank to further modernize its monetary policy toolkit. In this paper, we tackle this issue empirically by using our own index of the tone of communication based on Banco de Mexico's speeches and statements and find that money markets do not only listen but they also understand the stance of monetary policy conveyed in the central bank's words. Regarding the ability to listen, first, we find that both the volatility and volume in the money market rates change right after communication from Banco de Mexico's governing body. As for the markets' understanding, we find a statistically significant rise in money market interbank rates the more hawkish communication is. All in all, our results show strong evidence of effective oral and written communication from the Central Bank towards Mexico's money markets.


Satellite communication has solved the communication mystery for many applications. However, the biggest challenge in satellite communication is maintaining the transponders free of interference. The most common method of resolving interference is taking shutdown from the users while observing its effect on interference. But, in case of VSAT users, where hundreds of terminals are spread across a large area, shutdown exercise to analyze the faulty terminal is cumbersome, time taking and impractical. This paper discusses an interesting case of wideband interference and presents a novel approach to solving such interference cases using rain fade analysis.


While national biographical dictionaries aim to present a nation's past, they are also very much creations of that nation's present. The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women (The BDSW ), published in 2006, is no exception.1 The first edition was conceived at a time (2001) when Scotland had just recently reconvened its own parliament after a hiatus of nearly 300 years, gaining new powers of self-governance. In the wake of rising self-confidence in the country's future, the writing of new national histories, as well as handbooks and companions, flourished. A revised and expanded volume, The New Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women (The New BDSW ), was commissioned in late 2015, on the heels of the 2014 independence referendum. Moreover, it was compiled in the midst of the repercussions of the 2016 Brexit vote which may yet lead to the breakup of the United Kingdom, given that a majority in Scotland voted


In article aspects of public conception opinion's evolution on social role of war that are described in works of Russian philosophists of XIX beginning of XX centuries (F.M. Dostoevsky, N.A. Berdyaev, S.N. Bulgakov and others) are discussed.


The author investigates effects of minimum wage rates on low-skilled, female low-skilled, and youth employment. The sample consists of 19 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries from 1997 to 2013 for low-skilled workers and from 1983 to 2013 for young workers. Six different static or dynamic estimation approaches are applied on different versions of the specifications, controlling for up to quadratic time trends. The author further investigates the effects over the long run and over the business cycle as well as the effects of high minimum wages and of institutional complementarities. The findings provide little evidence of substantial disemployment effects for low-skilled, female low-skilled, or young workers. The estimated employment elasticities are small and statistically indistinguishable from zero. The author then considers why his results on youth employment differ from those of Neumark and Wascher (2004), showing that they overstate precision and that small changes in their specifications lead to minimum wage effects close to zero.


Abstract Photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer is a very powerful strategy for the regioselective C(sp3)–H functionalization of organic molecules. Herein, we report on the unprecedented combination of decatungstate hydrogen atom transfer photocatalysis with the oxidative radical–polar crossover concept to access the direct net‐oxidative C(sp3)–H heteroarylation. The present methodology demonstrates a high functional group tolerance (40 examples) and is scalable when using continuous‐flow reactor technology. The developed protocol is also amenable to the late‐stage functionalization of biologically relevant molecules such as stanozolol, (−)‐ambroxide, podophyllotoxin, and dideoxyribose.


Aim To select and analyze single-chain antibodies (ScFv) against HRP-II (Histidine rich protein 2, HRP-II) of Plasmodium falciparum for the purpose of diagnosis of malaria. Methods Anti-HRP-II ScFvs were selected from phage antibody library by the binding activities of ScFvs for HRP-II detected by ELISA. And two of positive clones were sequenced and homology was analyzed. Results Eight clones expressing ScFvs specific for HRP-II were obtained. After homology analysis, the gene sequences of two positive clones were found to be identical. The heavy chain and light chain belonged to murine V HI and κVI subgroups' respectively. Conclusion Positive clones expressing ScFv specific for HRP-II were obtained successfully from phage antibody library, which lay foundation for using ScFv in diagnosis of P falciparum.


Blogging plays a major role in today's social networking. Large numbers of blogs are available in the web. This becomes a tedious task for the user and the blogger, to search for a technical blog from a list of randomly appearing blogs. Thus a method is required to rank the blogs for the user, according to the relevance of the query. The existing works focus either on the behaviour of the blogger or the linking of one blog with another blog. This paper introduces a novel method of ranking blogs based on the relevance of the content to the query. The semantics of the query is analysed to rank the blogs. The proposed method also uses concept-based profiling, to enable the user to retrieve personalised content for the query. The experimental analysis shows that the proposed personalised semantic blog ranking PSBR is efficient in ranking the technical blogs for the user.


1 Miniature endplate potentials and nerve‐evoked endplate potentials were studied in a phrenic nerve‐diaphragm preparation of the mouse. 2 A phorbol ester, phorbol‐12β,13α‐dibutyrate, and a diacylglycerol, 1‐oleyl‐2‐acetyl‐sn‐glycerol, both increased the frequency of miniature endplate potentials. The effect of the phorbol ester on the frequency was still significant when the preparation was incubated in a calcium‐deficient solution. 3 The phorbol ester, but not the diacylglycerol, caused a significant increase in the amplitude of the miniature potentials. 4 The phorbol ester also increased the amplitude of the endplate potentials in the presence of (+)‐tubocurarine. 5 The mechanisms of action of phorbol ester and diacylglycerol are discussed in relation to the control of acetylcholine release and action at the neuromuscular junction.


Objective This study is designed to provide the experience in diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine and spinal cord injuries in children. Methods Forty seven children with cervical spine and spinal cord injuries were retrospectively reviewed. There were 31 males and 16 females, with their age ranging 6 to 14 years (mean, 11.6 years). Nineteen children had fresh injuries, whereas the remaining 28 sustained old injuries. Of these patients, thirty one patients were identified with injuries of upper cervical spine, 10 were with injuries of lower cervical spine, 1 was with multiple noncontiguous injuries of cervical spine, and 3 were with spinal cord injuries without radiographic abnormalities. All these patients underwent nonoperative (27 cases) or operative (19 cases) treatment except one who refuse treatment. Results A follow up for 1 to 12 years showed that 34 patients had complete or significant improvement, six had moderate improvement and 5 remained unchanged. Conclusions Imaging assessment is of great importance to diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine and spinal cord injuries in children. Most injuries do not require surgical intervention, but decompression and/or fusion should be indicated in those patients with unstable injuries that cannot be reduced and stablilized by conservative therapy or progressive neurological deficit.


The DLR Institute of Structural Mechanics is engaged in the construction and optimization of adaptive structures for aerospace and terrestrial applications. Due to the FFS- Project, one of the recent works of the Institute is the reduction of buffet induced vibration loads at a fin. The construction of modern aircrafts is influenced b the increasing use of fiber composites. They have more specific stiffness and strength properties than metals. On the other hand the layered structure leads to new kinds of damages like delaminations. In the fin interface there are actuators and sensors integrated. Therefore the fin is connected with a controller. For the extension of this adaptive system towards an on-line tool for health monitoring this controller can be used as an identifier of the structure's modal parameters. The most promising procedure is based on MX filters. These filters constitute the filter coefficients from which a fast transformation procedure extracts the modal parameters. The changes of these parameters are related to the location and extent of the damage. So when using the already integrate controller for system identification, one can have a low-cost on-line damage detection for dynamic adaptive structures. First off-line test at CFRP plates have shown the ability to detect delaminations.


This paper addresses a study of air bubble creation in wastewater treatment system using both computational fluid dynamic (CFD) and experimental techniques. Based on the results found in this work, it was found that the bubble size depends on several factors such as flow rate, inlet pressure and contact angle for rubber membrane. Among these factors, it was found that the flow rate has the largest effect on the bubble size followed by membrane material contact angle. The punch size has a moderate effect on the bubble size while the punch length and punch direction have slight effect on bubble size. Finer bubbles are desired and they provide larger surface area and longer residency time which will improve the standard oxygen transfer.


Outsourced personalization of Interactive Learning Environments (ILE) requires knowledge on these ILEs: their teaching description (type of activities, parameters for exercises generation, etc.) and their technical description (files location, content of configuration files, etc.). To make possible to support this personalization, we propose a meta-model to acquire, in interaction with an expert, relevant knowledge necessary to personalize an ILE. We combine this meta-model with two processes: the first one uses the meta-model in order to create a specific model to an ILE, and the second uses this model to personalize the ILE.


Objective To observe clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture for pattern of liver-stagnation and spleen-deficiency in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(D-IBS)and its impact on cell factors.Methods Forty cases were selected and divided into an acupuncture group(21 cases)in which acupuncture was applied and a medicine group(19 cases)in which oral administration of dicetel and bifidobacterium lactobacillus triple viable capsulas were applied.The symptom scores,level of Th1-type


This paper is concerned with the Riemann problem of Euler equations for one-dimensional generalized Chaplygin gas.Using characteristic analysis,we get the existence and uniqueness of the Riemann solutions.Different from the polytropic gas,the Euler equations for generalized Chaplygin Gas appear the mass concentration solution.


This study focused on the odor and taste components of 14 commercial brands of fish sauces from various Asian countries. Odor components were extracted by headspace monolithic material sorptive extraction techniques and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry. The taste compounds were identified from the concentration of sodium chloride, free amino acids, minerals, and 5´-nucleotides. The sensory evaluation was carried out by 11 trained tasters. Seventy-nine different types of volatile compounds were identified, described, and quantified by concentration and odor active value. Acid groups were the dominant volatile compounds. Trimethylamine, butanoic acid, and 2-methyl butanoic acid produced odors described as rotten fish, ammonia, rancid butter, cheesy, sweet, and rancid. The concentration of salt contents was estimated at 21.30% (w/v). Aspartic and glutamic acids gave high taste values and nutrients produced the umami taste. Analysis showed that the various flavors obtained from the fish sauces resulted from differences in ingredients and production techniques.


A dilatometer has been constructed for the routine measurement of thermal expansion coefficients in the temperature range of 0.1–10 K. Using a SQUID detector, the dilatometer provides a resolution of 2×10−4 A. As a test of this apparatus, the linear thermal expansion coefficient of high‐purity copper has been measured between 0.2 and 9 K.


Extensive and profound as philosophic speculation on the nature of knowledge may have been during the last twenty-five centuries, it must be conceded that it has, on the whole, failed in its undertaking. In fact, we do not seem to be much closer to the solution of the epistemological problem than were Kant and Hegel or, for that matter, Plato and Aristotle. Obviously enough, the problem should now be approached in some new way, perhaps one growing out of recent scientific findings. However, before we look around in search of such findings-that is, before we attempt to solve the basic problem of how knowledge of the external world is possible at all-it may be advisable to grant certain premises, describing the starting point of our naturalistic position, namely: (1) All knowledge, as such, is mental. Ever since Locke demonstrated that there are no innate principles of the mind, it has been acknowledged that the only cognitive experiences the human mind is capable of are ideas and perceptions. That ideas are mental will hardly be disputed. The concepts of justice and relativity, for instance, are definitely products of intellectual growth and endeavor, even when they are colored with emotion, as the case may be. Their ultimate derivation from, and application to, sensory reality makes little difference, in this connection. But when it comes to perception, the natural tendency is to regard it as of a double character, subjective as well as objective, as if it were something half-mental and half-material. The difficulty is to account for the objective reference of sensory experience, and the difficulty has proved to be serious. The resulting confusion of interpretation has given rise to countless schools of thought, including materialism, realism, pragmatism, and idealism of many varieties. One thing can hardly be denied, however, among intelligent people: that the images we see or hear are not identical with objects or events responsible for our observation, and that we can know directly only images, not objects or events themselves. The great majority of contemporary thinkers believe, to be sure, that images are not the end of knowledge, but only a means. In other words, they assume that reality, or nature in its broader sense, though unknowable directly, is somehow given in or through images of perception. The everyday assumption that, in observing an object, we know it immediately and in its true existential qualities may be somewhat naive; nevertheless, we are all forced, in practice if not in theory, to admit a cognitive connection between perceptual experience and realities underlying or causing it. But the exact nature of this connection seems to be an elusive puzzle. (2) Reality, as the object of knowledge in general, is non-mental. Though a few philosophers may be unwilling to concede this point, such seems to be the consensus of opinion among thinking people. Even Kant who attempted to explain all experience in terms of the mind's own activities and con-


The permeability of the ultra-low permeability bioclastic limestone reservoir in Middel East A Oilfield is about 5md. The pore structure of the reservoir is in multimodal mode and has strong micro heterogeneity. The single well productivity was low and it was difficult to sustain production after the vertical well development was adopted in the early stage, and it has been gradually transformed into horizontal well pattern at the flank area. However, the reservoir pressure and production declined rapidly, and the development effect became worse. Through the combination of reservoir micro-characteristics and macro-production performance characteristics, this paper clarifies the ultra-low permeability bioclastic limestone oil displacement mechanism and remaining oil distribution law under the micro-macroscopic dual scale, and clarifies the reasonable well spacing of vertical well pattern and horizontal injection-production well pattern. Based on the differential single well performance characteristics and water injection development mechanism, the injection-production connectivity evaluation model based on rapid numerical simulation is established, the regional differential injection-production strategy is formulated, the injection-production optimization adjustment criteria are established, the establishment of effective displacement system for the reservoir is supported, and the adjustment of more than 280 producers have been carried out in 2020-2022. The daily oil production of a single well has been restored from 307 barrels/day in 2019 to 483 barrels/day in 2022, and the water cut is reduced from 27.1% to 22.1%, the reservoir pressure recovery of 496psi provides important experience guidance for the scale benefit production of such tight bioclastic limestone reservoir.


Airborne measurements have been made in the emissions from several prescribed (deliberate) forest fires in Western Washington State. Particle measurements in the size range of 0.01 to 60 fim diameter show a multimodal character with the majority of the mass contained in particles between 0.1 to 1 pm in diameter. A particle emission factor (mass of particles produced per unit mass of forest fuel consumed) of about 4% was deduced for one of the fires. In addition to expected emissions of nitrogen dioxide, some of the fires appeared to be substantial sources of ozone. The fires were negligible sources of nitric oxide and sulfur dioxide.


Repetitive POS technology recently developed in the Kurchatov Institute may be applicable for various technology uses. Together with existing 2-3 MV 10-50 kW X-ray systems, a new facility operating in electron beam mode was recently developed for radiation sterilization applications. This compact system possesses 0.5-1 kJ/shot in electron beam of 0.5-0.8 MeV depending on the initial Marx charging voltage and may repetitively perform at 1 Hz frequency. Electron beam creates 1-10 kGy/shot in a surface layers of irradiated substances with dose rate at 5 GGy/s.


In 2002, the National Kidney Foundation published the KDOQI (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative) clinical practice guideline on the evaluation, classification, and stratification of chronic kidney disease (CKD; Fig 1). In this guideline, CKD was defined as the presence of kidney damage (an alteration of structure or function) with or without decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for at least 3 months or GFR 60 mL/min/1.73 m with or without further evidence of kidney damage for at least 3 months. For those with CKD by this definition, 5 stages were defined by the level of GFR. In 2004, KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) held a Controversies Conference to review the evidence supporting the KDOQI CKD guideline. This conference concurred with the KDOQI recommendations, but added that the classification system should note treatment of kidney disease by dialysis or transplant (Fig 2). The definition and staging of CKD, independent of its cause, represented a historic paradigm shift. However, the definitions and thresholds were chosen somewhat arbitrarily on the basis of little evidence. It therefore is understandable that the CKD definition and classification system generated controversy among nephrologists. In 2009, KDIGO resolved to hold another Controversies Conference on the definition and staging of CKD. It was decided that a major goal of this conference should be to rigorously examine the evidence that the KDOQI and KDIGO classification system predicted outcomes. It was reasoned that a compelling argument could be made for defining levels of CKD by GFR if those levels predicted outcomes of importance to patients. Similarly, proteinuria could be examined for its ability to predict risk independent of GFR. The report of the 2009 KDIGO Controversies Conference has now been published in Kidney International, along with 4 original investigations in The Lancet and Kidney International by the CKD Prognosis Consortium, an international research group assembled with the assistance of KDIGO in preparation for the conference.


Measurement technology of muti-parameters in particle two-phase system, which has been paid more attention in recent years, is a great challenge for researchers. However, the parameters of particle two-phase system are showing great importance for further study. Not only the density and concentration but also the particle size distributions of disperse phase in particle two-phase system have been studied in this paper. A novel approach of measuring the density and concentration of particle two-phase system has been developed in this paper, in which the multiple reflection technique is employed to obtain acoustic impedance of the particle two-phase system. Furthermore, the density can be determined by the acoustic impedance combined with the information of sound speed for ultrasonic waves, based on the acoustic theory. As a result, the concentration of particle two-phase system could be achieved by means of a strict derivation from the known densities of the discrete and continuous phase. Experiments have been designed to demonstrate the means with the sample of carborundom (SiC) suspension at the mass concentrations of 14%, 17%, 20%, 25% respectively, in which a group of superb ultrasonic signals (see figure 6, including more than 12 echoes in each one), have been obtained with a high frequency and wide-band ultrasonic transducer (V324-SU, Olympus) at a center frequency of 25MHz. Meanwhile, another wide-band ultrasonic transducer (V312-SU, Olympus) with a lower center frequency (5MHz) is utilized to generate and receive ultrasonic signal, then attenuation spectrum are obtained with the method of pulse echo mode measurement. To extract credible particle size distribution from measured ultrasonic attenuation spectrum, McClement's theoretical model, which is actually a simplified and explicit model for the long wave regime, has been adopted together with BLBL (Bouguer-Lambert-Beer-Law) scattering model. The optimum regularization algorithm is put to use in order to overcome the ill-posed problem and inverse particle size distribution accurately. Experiments were performed to validate the methods and algorithms put forward above for the sample of SiC powder and crystalline silicon cutting liquid, and the results show good agreement with the instrument (OMEC Co, Ltd) based on the principle of Coulter.


Map shows original land grants, land tracts with tract numbers, land ownership, roads and trails, railroads, and towns. Includes dates, volume, and pages number for original land grant titles. Scale [1:133,334].


Objective: To study the structure and wettability changes on the surface of soft-lining material after being treated with low temperature plasma of Ar. Methods: 32 specimens were prepared and 16 specimens were treated with Ar plasma for 20 minutes in plasma equipment. Surface structure and wetting angle were evaluated before and after plasma treatment. Results: ①The number of C-H was reduced, which indicated crosslinked layer was formed on the surface of soft-lining material. ②The percentage of C-O increased from 23.56% to 26.18%. ③The wetting angle was reduced significantly. Conclusion: Treatment of Ar Plasma can change the surface structure and wettability of soft-lining material.


PRODUCTION of gonadotropins is normally restricted to the pituitary and placenta. Tumors containing trophoblastic elements – choriocarcinomas, teratomas and embryonal-cell carcinomas – can also make gonadotropins, but with the exception of 2 hepatomas,1 , 2 gonadotropic activity has not been recovered from any other neoplasms. Yet an increasing number of reports have documented the elaboration of other hormones by nonendocrine tumors,3 , 4 especially by carcinomas of the bronchus.5 We report here the cases of 4 male smokers with gynecomastia whose histories, physical examinations, laboratory studies, clinical courses and autopsy findings were typical of bronchogenic carcinoma. Elevated levels of gonadotropic activity were present in . . .


We present a next-to-leading order computation in QCD of one-jet and two-jet cross sections in polarized hadronic collisions. Our results are obtained in the framework of a general formalism that deals with soft and collinear singularities using the subtraction method. We construct a Monte Carlo program that generates events at the partonic level. We use this code to give phenomenological predictions for pp collisions at √ S = 500 GeV, relevant for the spin physics program at RHIC. The possibility of using jet data to constrain the poorly known polarized parton densities is examined.


The study of analytical patterns in the evolution of individual components of the oceanosphere was laid down in oceanology by the programme of the first oceanological expedition aboard the Challenger at the end of the 19 th century. The national geographical school solves problems that are relevant both in physical geography and oceanology: the study of the interaction of the components of nature, and the identification and description of natural territorial complexes of regional and local scales. Successful integrated study, development and protection of natural resources of the coastal zone and the shelf of the World Ocean require the use of analytical oceanological and integrated geographic research methods.


F ROM THE VIEWPOINT of the anthropologist all too little of the voluminous writings on Hinduism describes what is often called popular Hinduism as opposed to the epic and philosophic Sanskritic tradition. An intensive survey of the ethnological literature pertaining to Mysore State revealed surprisingly little information about village religion.2 Of the sources that were helpful several discuss village-guarding spirits who protect, or under some circumstances harm, the inhabitants of a locale.3 But the sources that deal with popular religion scarcely even hint at the elaborate shamanistic complex centering around disease that is found in various parts of South India, including the Malnad or hilly region in Shimoga District of Mysore State, where the particular type of shamanism described in this paper exists. The fact that shamanism has been written about so little is surprising considering the reputation the Malnad has as a place filled with spirits. Referring to shamanism, there appears in the 1931 Census of India the following comment: "On the smallest provocation they [the inhabitants of the Malnad] resort to the quack who utters manthras and make sacrifices to the chowdi or to other jungle deity."4' There are several possible reasons for this lack of knowledge about shamanism. One is that Western authors writing on the Malnad have generally not had a special interest in folk religion. Many of the best accounts of non-Sanskritic religion in South India come from the writings of missionaries, such a Ziegenbalg, Caldwell, Whitehead, and Dubois," but the Malnad region has been an area into which few missionaries have gone, and about which none have left accounts of native life. I believe that a much stronger reason for the lack of written literature on shamanism is the reticence of informants to volunteer knowledge of the


In the present study, effects of different diets on the fatty acid composition of hatched seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) at after fertilization of the egg (E), and yolk sac (Y) stages have been investigated. In the study, the fish were fed with Artemia (A), Artemia-microparticulate mix (AMD) and microparticulate diet (M). According to the results of the study, the levels of total PUFAs in the total lipid (TL) were significantly higher in eggs (E) (P 0.05). In the study, seabass fatty acid composition at different growth stages was affected by diet composition. After feeding stage especially in the AMD and M groups, essential fatty acids were provided from diets.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of candidate teachers toward human rights education. A survey design was used. The Human Rights Education Attitude Scale developed by Karaman-Kepenekci (1999) was administered to 1904 candidate teachers in the departments of education within thirteen universities from seven geographical regions in Turkey. Significant relationships were found between ratings for attitudes about human rights education and gender, department, university, and university's geographical region. Lastly and most significantly, the candidate teachers in this study also indicated that there is a need for human rights education in teacher training institutions.


Two polyclonal antibodies were raised by immunizing rabbits with two non carrier‐linked synthetic peptides whose amino acid sequences corresponded to codons 89–107 (peptide P1) and 219–233 (peptide P2) of the translated cDNA sequence of murine PrP protein. These free peptides, whose structural characteristics in solution were studied by circular dichroism, elicited a reasonable immunologic response in animals. Both antibodies still recognized the corresponding immunogens after affinity chromatography purification. However, only antibodies raised to the former sequence reacted by immunobolt with a purified preparation of murine scrapie amyloid protein. These findings are discussed together with their correlation to peptide structure and the effectiveness of this simplified immunization procedure.


Micronutrient deficiencies are still common in developing countries. Biofortification of staple crops is one of the food based strategies that has been introduced to alleviate this. The purpose of this review is to document randomized feeding trials on efficacy of biofortified crops in alleviation of micronutrient deficiencies of Vitamin A, Zinc and Iron among humans. NCBI abstracts, BioMed Central, Wiley Online Libraries and two other databases were searched to identify effective studies. The search identified 45 studies and 17 met the inclusion criteria. Thirteen of the seventeen studies showed that biofortification of commonly consumes staples improved the micronutrient status of the study subjects. Two studies showed that biofortified foods had a significant bioavailability as compared to conventional food crops. Evidence of biofortified crops combating micronutrient deficiencies is positive. Policies should be made to support cross-sectorial implementation of biofortification in areas such as research, agriculture and biotechnology, and so that the intervention can be scaled up to cover most of the micronutrient deficient population.


An unpublished and unstudied travel journal, written to store information for social use, gives insight into the spectacula enjoyed by a Scots gentleman abroad, but also proves an unconscious witness to Prince Maurits of the Netherlands' preparations for war, and to high-level, if possibly opportunistic, British intelligence gathering.


While participating in live concerts is a promising application of virtual reality (VR), it falls short of our participation experience in the real world. In particular, to increase the engagement of participants, previous studies emphasized the importance of social experience among audience members, such as the sense of co-presence elicited by sharing physical reactions or body movements synchronized with music. In this respect, a common strategy in existing platforms is to present avatars of remote human participants in a VR venue and make every avatar imitate movements of the corresponding participant. However, this strategy implicitly assumes that a not small number of users connect simultaneously to watch the same content and thus is not applicable when only a few users gather or a user is watching alone. Therefore, with the aim of providing better experience to a user who participates in live concerts as one of the audience, we examine computational approaches to enhancing the sense of co-presence through virtual audience avatars. We propose four methods of presenting avatar movements: copying the user's own movements, copying other users' movements, repeating beat-synchronous movements, and synthesizing machine-learning-based movements. We compare their effectiveness in a user experiment and discuss application scenarios and design implications that open up new ways of active media consumption in VR environments.


Purpose: Radio LuminescenceImaging is being investigated for its potential to provide biological feedback during radiation treatment. We are investigating the use of biologically‐targeted phosphornanoparticles to enable high‐resolution molecular imaging with standard therapeutic systems. This work demonstrates the ability of this technique to image multiple molecular markers in a small‐animal model. We investigate their potential in resolving markers pertinent to treatment monitoring. Method and Materials: Images were acquired with a custom‐built imaging system incorporating a Princeton Instruments Pro‐EM camera CCD with 512×512 pixels) and a 50mm lens. Tb‐ and Eu‐doped BaYF4 nanoparticles of linearly varying amounts (0mg/ml:10mg/ml; 2.5mg/ml:7.5 mg/ml; 7.5mg/ml:2.5mg/ml; and 10mg/ml:0mg/ml) were mixed into cuvettes and imaged under irradiation with an 80keV X‐ray source (Pantak Therapax). BaYF4 nanoparticles were also placed in the right foreleg and right and left flanks of a nude mouse. In another experiment, phosphornanoparticles were placed in a cylindrical plug‐shaped phantom and irradiated with a 9MeV electron beam produced by a Varian Trilogy linear accelerator. All images were processed with custom spectral unmixing software, which enabled the visualization of each phosphor. Results: Concentrations less than 0.1 mg/ml were resolved. Spectral unmixing showed excellent separation of the phosphornanoparticles (r = −0.98), demonstrating the multiplexing ability of the technique. In addition, phosphor concentrations showed excellent linearity (R>0.99), with excellent separation of the phosphornanoparticles.Images of the phosphornanoparticles implanted in the fore and hindquarters demonstrated the ability to spectrally separate in small‐animal model. Conclusion: The ability of radio luminescent imaging was demonstrated in phantom and small‐animal models, for both X‐rays and electron beams. Enabling simultaneous imaging of multiple molecular imaging markers is possible in Radiation Therapy applications. This technique has potential for introducing the monitoring of biological markers during treatment. The Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program, the National Institutes of Health ICMIC P50CA114747, the Center for Biomedical Imaging at Stanford, and the Friends for Early Breast Cancer Detection.


With the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique, we can accurately determine the location of any user or navigational satellite system receiver within a range of a few centimeters or millimeters. Since PPP is a fundamental requirement in many crucial applications, such as defense for securing sensitive border areas, precision farming for spraying agrochemicals and fertilizers using drones, tourism and navigation in hilly areas, study of natural calamities like seismic events, movement of tectonic plates, Glaciology (study of glaciers), geodetic studies, disaster and relief management. We need the precise x, y, and z positional information of every user or recipient. However, the location determined by GNSS satellites has a number of observational errors that can reduce the positional accuracy of the navigational satellite system by up to a few meters, the most major of which is ionospheric error. In addition to this, a number of other factors, such as low signal strength, low latitude (user or receiver position) lying between $0^{\circ}$ N/S and $30^{\circ}$ N/S, low elevation angles of satellites, and space weather events (solar cycle, solar flare, solar radio burst, geomagnetic storm, plasma bubble) end up causing ionospheric scintillations resulting in cycle-slip error or loss of lock of signal that introduces range errors. Cycle-slip errors should be detected and corrected during data pre-processing, and efforts to deal with this serious issue continue to develop new, effective solutions. PPP systems will be highly reliable as long as the GNSS carrier phase signals are continuously monitored. This paper offers a thorough examination of the statistical characteristics such as mean, median, mode, and standard deviation of latitude, longitude, and altitude enabling for the development of a new method that will increase the positional accuracy of GNSS receivers.


An attempt is made to obtain similar solutions for gas-particle nonequilibrium nozzle flows. Modified definitions for speed of sound and Mach number are proposed. The governing equations are transformed into a similar form and a single correlating parameter is obtained. The limiting (equilibrium and frozen) speeds of sound are shown to be derivable from the modified definition.


Synthetic genetic devices can perform molecular computation in living bacteria, which may sense more than one environmental chemical signal, perform complex signal processing in a human‐designed way, and respond in a logical manner. IMPLY is one of the four fundamental logic functions and unlike others, it is an "IF‐THEN" constraint‐based logic. By adopting physical hierarchy of electronics in the realm of in‐cell systems chemistry, a full‐spectrum transcriptional cascaded synthetic genetic IMPLY gate, which senses and integrates two environmental chemical signals, is designed, fabricated, and optimized in a single Escherichia coli cell. This IMPLY gate is successfully integrated into a 2‐input‐2‐output integrated logic circuit and showed higher signal‐decoding efficiency. Further, we showed simple application of those devices by integrating them with an inherent cellular process, where we controlled the cell morphology and color in a logical manner. To fabricate and optimize the genetic devices, a new process pipeline named NETWORK Brick is developed. This pipeline allows fast parallel kinetic optimization and reduction in the unwanted kinetic influence of one DNA module over another. A mathematical model is developed and it shows that response of the genetic devices are digital‐like and are mathematically predictable. This single‐cell IMPLY gate provides the fundamental constraint‐based logic and completes the in‐cell molecular logic processing toolbox. The work has significance in the smart biosensor, artificial in‐cell molecular computation, synthetic biology, and microbiorobotics.


With advancements in next‐generation sequencing technology, a massive amount of sequencing data is generated, which offers a great opportunity to comprehensively investigate the role of rare variants in the genetic etiology of complex diseases. Nevertheless, the high‐dimensional sequencing data poses a great challenge for statistical analysis. The association analyses based on traditional statistical methods suffer substantial power loss because of the low frequency of genetic variants and the extremely high dimensionality of the data. We developed a Weighted U Sequencing test, referred to as WU‐SEQ, for the high‐dimensional association analysis of sequencing data. Based on a nonparametric U‐statistic, WU‐SEQ makes no assumption of the underlying disease model and phenotype distribution, and can be applied to a variety of phenotypes. Through simulation studies and an empirical study, we showed that WU‐SEQ outperformed a commonly used sequence kernel association test (SKAT) method when the underlying assumptions were violated (e.g., the phenotype followed a heavy‐tailed distribution). Even when the assumptions were satisfied, WU‐SEQ still attained comparable performance to SKAT. Finally, we applied WU‐SEQ to sequencing data from the Dallas Heart Study (DHS), and detected an association between ANGPTL 4 and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol.


The study of corruption is now a serious subject in the development discourse. Wolfensohn, the former president of the World Bank argues that corruption has become "the largest single inhibitor of equitable economic development." Moreover effects of corruption extended to all countries, Nobel Prize –winning economist Amartya Sen wrote in 2009 that lack of transparency in the global financial system was among the main factors contributing to the financial crisis that began in 2008. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of corruption on economic growth and importance of the transmission channels in Algeria for the period of 2001- 2012. Based on the empirical framework, In our ordinary least squares estimations, we find that, the significant and negative effect of corruption on investment and public spending. The Results indicate also the negative and significant relationship between corruption and economic growth in Algeria.


Carbon nanorods encased with abundant Cu nanoparticles were synthesized for the first time by direct pyrolysis of HKUST-1 and utilized as an electrode catalyst for the fabrication of high efficiency quantum dot sensitized solar cells.


A novel macrocyclic polyamine derivative of chitosan was synthesized by a reaction between chitosan and epoxy-activated macrocyclic polyamine. The copolymer that is obtained contains amino functional groups in its skeleton and secondary amine and more polar hydroxyl groups. Four types of analyses were used to characterize the chemical modifications of the chitosan: elemental, FTIR spectra, solid-state 13C-NMR, and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption properties of the macrocyclic polyamine grafted chitosan for Ag+, Cu2+, Co2+, and Cr3+ were also investigated. The experimental results showed that the new macrocyclic polyamine derivative of chitosan has high adsorption capacity and good selectivity for Ag+ in the presence of Ag+, Co2+, and Cr3+. The selectivity coefficients were K = 6.16, K = 14.81, and K = 2.42, respectively. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 924–929, 2003


The taxonomic position of Cystidicola marina Szidat, 1961 is revised, based on the re-examination of type and new specimens collected from the type host, Urophycis brasiliensis (Gadidae), and a new host, Parona signata (Carangidae), in the southwestern Atlantic. The species is redescribed and transferred to Ascarophis as A. marina n. comb. It is distinguished from other species of Ascarophis by the following combination of characters: body length (male: 10.2-22.5 mm, female: 32.8-44.2 mm), number of egg filaments (2 on each pole), egg size (0.030-0.039 mm x 0.015-0.021 mm), and left spicule length (0.4-0.6 mm).


Materials having very high strength are causing hardship to machine using traditional machining methods. Therefore, consequently, unconventional machining process such as ECM, USM and EDM is developed for machining such materials. Wire EDM is an unconventional metal removal technology utilised to produce parts of any profile. Wire EDM machining parameters were optimised using Grey Relational Analysis for machining of tool steels such as H13, D2 and Oil Hardened Non-Shrinking Steels (OHNS). Optimum parameters are identified by conducting L27 OA experiment on H13, D2 and OHNS considering factors like GV, Ton, Toff and the wire feed by Taguchi based GRA method considering MRR, SR and cutting width (kerf) as the performance characteristics. Nine experiments were conducted with each tool. Objective is to obtain maximum MRR, minimum SR and minimum kerf simultaneously. The significance of the machining parameters was determined using ANOVA. From the response table and response graphs, the optimum process parameters were chosen. This method helped to improve the WEDM process.


Dibenzo-p-dioxin (I) derivatives showed blue color in antimony pentachloride. These colored solutions gave electron spin resonance absorption spectra and the formation of the cation radicals such as Ia was confirmed.


The newsletters which are reproduced in this volume are retained in the Westminster Diocesan Archives (in the A Series, volumes XVI–XIX; the B series, volumes 25–27, 47, and 48; and the OB series, volume I/i). They were penned by English Catholic clergymen and laymen during the first half of the 1620s. At this time, these writers, and indeed many others, expected that sweeping political changes would occur in the wake of the twists and turns of the Stuart court's dynastic marriage negotiations abroad. The present series of letters begins at the point when, in late 1621, with the parliament on the verge of dissolution, the English secular clergy dispatched an agent to Rome in order to persuade the papal curia that this was the right moment to appoint a bishop to exercise direct and local episcopal authority over English Catholics. The secular clergy's efforts to secure episcopal power for one of their number generated a stream of correspondence between them over the next few years. Their letters dealt both with their frenetic lobbying in Rome in order to secure their suit and also with the course of events in England and on the Continent as the Stuart court tried to construct a dynastic alliance which would supply a bride for Prince Charles.


The article analyzes the provisions of international standards, namely the Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers on the Council of Europe Probation Rules of 2010 and the European Rules on Community Sanctions and Measures of 2017. The author examines the problems of differentiation and individualization of sentences and analyzes the provisions of international standards on nondiscrimination in the implementation of sanctions. Many factors of non-discrimination that are new to international standards (physical disabilities, ethnic origin, sexual orientation) can cause disputes in terms of the applicability of alternative sentences. Discussing the offender's "consent" and the prospects for its use, taking into account the right of such an offender to appeal against the decisions and actions of probation officers, the author focuses on the activities of the implementation bodies, including work with victims, prevention of relapse, restorative justice, which is preferred nowadays in the foreign studies, and work with the convict's family to develop a classification of powers depending on the action and scope of assistance to the offender. Having analyzed the positive and negative legal consequences of the convict's non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of the duties or conditions imposed by the competent authority, the author argues that the regulation of a conflict is possible in three ways: by sorting it out urgently at one's own discretion, through administrative proceedings and in court, with the choice depending on the type of violation. The key aspect of alternative sentences is the effectiveness of their implementation. The article provides a list of such criteria, of which the relapse rate is considered an important one, and discusses the main problems of the "community" sanctions and measures faced by the implementation bodies. It is stated that the development of international standards of alternative sanctions has elaborated the procedure for their implementation, both by complementing the previously existing provisions and by including new ones.


A Dissertation submitted in ful llment of the requirements for the degree of Master
of Science in the
School of Electrical and Information Engineering
January, 2017


Until now, various kinds of methods for 3D modelling have been proposed and some have come into use. However, current available approaches generally require a precise and huge set-up, which greatly limits the using scenario. To get rid of the limit of equipment and enable convenient measurement, we propose a method to reconstruct a 3D model using fringe projected profilometry carried out on a mobile phone, taking advantage of the now high developed computation ability of smart phone. A fringe pattern can be projected by a mini-projector and the deformed fringe pattern is captured by the camera of a mobile phone. Through phase retrieval and calibration, the point cloud can be calculated and displayed on the mobile phone. The interface of the devices and the algorithms of the system are researched and implemented. Experiment results have proved the effectiveness of the system and the system can thus bring 3D modelling to a much larger application scenario.


In the introduction to the 2012 Italian ministry guidelines on the curriculum for nursery schools, the need to structure the curricular so that it respects the uniqueness and originality of each child attending the nursery school as well as the phases of development and training is highlighted. In particular, it is worth noting that particular attention must be given to the support of various forms of diversity, disability or disadvantage. The structuring of learning paths based on corporeity is one of the possible ways that can remove any form of obstacle promoting the inclusion and integration of the pupil with disabilities within the classroom context. The body and movement is an appealing educational environment capable of ensuring the pace of individual and individualized learning, with it being set with a scholastic context as a path in which each student experiences the use of their different abilities.


Understanding the dynamics of warm climate states has gained increasing importance in the face of anthropogenic climate change, and while it is possible to simulate warm interglacial climates, these simulated results cannot be evaluated without the aid of geochemical proxies. One such proxy is δ18O, which allows for inference about both a climate state's hydrology and temperature. We utilize a stable water isotope equipped climate model to simulate three stages during the Last Interglacial (LIG), corresponding to 130, 125, and 120 kyr before present, using forcings for orbital configuration as well as greenhouse gases. We discover heterogeneous responses in the mean δ18O signal to the climate forcing, with large areas of depletion in the LIG δ18O signal over the tropical Atlantic, the Sahel, and the Indian subcontinent, and with enrichment over the Pacific and Arctic Oceans. While we find that the climatology mean relationship between δ18O and temperature remains stable during the LIG, we also discover that this relationship is not spatially consistent. Our results suggest that great care must be taken when comparing δ18O records of different paleoclimate archives with the results of climate models as both the qualitative and quantitative interpretation of δ18O variations as a proxy for past temperature changes may be problematic due to the complexity of the signals.


A number of parallel sequences are examined in the paper. The sequences, subject to transposition and other structural shifts, cannot be described as narrow cases rather than as a common stylistic attribute in the scribal tradition of pre-missionary Easter Island. Although the performances may respond to sporadic and/or impulsive errors, the most plausible cause seems to be linked to the scribe's quibbling with, or poring over satisfactory choices during the compilation of texts. In the absence of a normative writing, the idea would not be altogether alien to the claim. Paving the way for the integration of metathetic sequences with other writing techniques, such as mirror-symmetry, harmonic-like sequences and the reduplicative method, is another purpose of the contribution. The advance will possibly lead us to a better understanding of the internal mechanisms of rongorongo.


An unmarried white woman aged 53 requested the removal of a number of milia and milium-like lesions of the face. The lesions occurred singly, on the lower half of the center of the forehead, on the cheeks, the nose and the sides of the chin. Some of them appeared to be slightly elevated, pinhead-sized to match-head-sized, nonpigmented moles, but they were hard to the touch. A grating sensation was experienced when the pointed bistoury was used to incise the skin as a preliminary step in the removal of the content of the lesions, which "popped out" in one piece. The largest of about a dozen lesions was half lentil sized, stony hard and shaped like a miniature cauliflower. The milia were of varying degrees of hardness, from what would be expected to a degree approaching the aforementioned description. This gave the impression that the lesions showing metaplasia of bone began as milia.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Size, Age, Profitability, Leverage, Sales Growth on Tax Avoidance. The population which is the object of this research is the basic and chemical industry sectors listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2012 - 2016. The total population of 68 companies, this study obtained by purposive sampling technique which then resulted in 32 research samples for further investigation. The analysis technique used is logistic regression analysis. Based on data analysis and discussion can be concluded that Size, Age, Profitability, Leverage, and Sales Growth has no effect on Tax Avoidance. This means that the government succeeded in conducting Tax Amnesty program which has the impact of the company will not do Tax Avoidance


The bachelor thesis deals with alternatives of self-contained housing of people with mental disability in Olomouc region and Zlin region and with care contribution for users of this social services of self-contained housing. The introduction of the theoretical part focused on characteristics of people with mental disability and their rights. Further, there are described alternatives of self-contained housing and a care contribution as the social benefit. In the practical part by way of the document analysis and a questionnaire disquisition are examined specific alternatives of self-contained housing of people with mental disability in Olomouc region and Zlin region and degrees of care contribution. Further the rate of a life normalisation of people with mental disability is checked.


The unidirectional carbon fiber plate and the modified epoxy resin are used in strengthening the common RC beams and experiments on flexural behaviors are carried out in this study.In the experiments,the relationships of load vs.deflection and load vs.thickness of plates are analyzed by adjusting the thickness of CFRP plates.The results reveal the strain distribution of reinforced beams in normal section,which offer practical reference for plane section assumption in theoretical analysis.


For the purposes of analyzing the distribution and the change in blood pressure according to age and determining the factors affecting the change in blood pressure, a follow-up study had been conducted for 6 years from 1986 to 1991 for 430 primary school children aged 6 years old in 1986 in Kangwha County, Korea. The mean blood pressure increased according to age. Specifically mean systolic blood pressure increased from 97.3 mmHg for male and 96.4mmHg for female (at 6 years of age) to 108.8mmHg fur male and 112.1mmHg for female (at 11 years of age). Mean diastolic blood pressure increased from 60.0mmHg for male and 61.8mmHg for female (at 6 years of age) to 72.9mmHg for male and 73.8mmHg for female (at 11 years of age). The average annual increase in blood pressure was 2.3mmHg (in systolic blood pressure) and 2.6 mmHg (in diastolic blood pressure) for male : and 3.1mmHg (in systolic blood pressure) and 2.4mmHg (in diastolic blood pressure) for female, respectively. To determine the factors affecting the change in blood pressure, the stepwise regression analysis was conducted. Children were divided into the three groups(low, middle, and upper) according to the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the age of 6, and the regression analysis was performed in each group. For the change in systolic blood pressure, the changes in weight and skinfold thickness or initial skinfold thickness fer male, and the change in weight for female were selected as significant factors for children in middle and upper group. For the change of blood pressure in diastolic blood pressure, no variables was significant.


The pressure induced amorphization of the negative thermal expansion material cubic ZrMo2O8 was examined in situ within a diamond anvil cell, using high energy x-ray total scattering, during compression up to ∼7.2 GPa, and then decompressed. The amorphization upon compression was largely complete by ∼3 GPa. There was significant, but not complete, structural relaxation of the amorphous material on decompression; the pair distribution function (PDF) for the material recovered from 7.2 GPa closely resembled that for the sample during initial compression at ∼5.5 GPa. The PDFs indicated that the amorphization, densification, and relaxation of the amorphous solid involve changes in the first coordination shell of molybdenum and the creation/loss of Mo-O-M bridges with ∼3.4 A Mo-M separation (M–Mo or Zr).


This study aimed at finding out the relationship between leadership patterns of school principals and the competence of the teachers either it is individual or group competence with classroom management at the National Junior High School level in Mataram, Indonesia. 84 teachers were selected as the samples which were taken by using proportional random sampling. The independent variables in this study were the school principals' leadership patterns (X1) and teacher competence (X2), while the dependent variable was classroom management (Y). The data of this study were collected by using questionnaire with Likert scale. As for the hypothesis testing, regression and correlation analysis were used. The results of the analysis indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship which was shown by regression equation Ŷ = 42,987 + 0,743X1 for leadership pattern of the headmaster, equation Ŷ = 13,668 + 0,918X2 for the teacher competence variable, and equation Ŷ = 3,205 + 0,187X1 + 0,864 X2 for both variables altogether. The strength of the variable relation was shown by correlation coefficient (r), for leadership pattern of headmaster ry1 = 0,4555 with contribution of 20,75%, for teacher competence ry2 = 0,835 with contribution 69,72%, and correlation coefficient for both variable Ry. 12 = 0.8415 with contribution of 70,81%. Based on this result, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant correlation between principal leadership patterns, teacher competence, either individually or collectively with class management at State Junior High School level in Mataram City. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 18-06-2018 Date of acceptance: 04-07-2018 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Energy was one of the 21st century's most critical components. Electronics and computer technologies have been widely used nowadays to simplify work every day. The crisis and the constant lack of power have popularized and integrated Green Computing algorithms for multidimensional applications on a broad scale. The author attempts to defuse times of crisis related to medical crises using the Green Computing method. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are made up of numerous sensor nodes (SN) that are linked to and play a key part in many applications and the Internet of Things (IoT). To establish a dynamic information exchange network, IoT links physical items like sensors. In a number of areas, the Internet of Things was used. Wearable medical sensors are used to monitor health indicators in patients in this crisis situation. This battery-powered medical sensor has a limited quantity of energy. This is an important hurdle for increased network lifetime. In order to address the current issue effectively, a new technique dubbed Jarvis Patrick regressive resource-efficient gaussian process clustering was suggested to prolong the lifetime of the network. This method is based on the green technology concept that requires the hour. IoT devices are first used in SN to detect and collect patient information. SN is categorized in several clusters using the Jarvis Patrick clustering method after the data collection process. Clustering by Jarvis Patrick is a graphical clustering technique used for dividing SN using the Gaussian process regression function. The regression function reviews the SN and performs the process of grouping based on anticipated bandwidth and energy. The Cluster Head (CH) is selected to enhance data transmission and decrease latency after the clustering process. The information is transmitted to the CH from the source node. Then CH locates the nearest CH using the flight-time method. After then, data are sent through a cluster head from the source node to the sink node. WSN carries out resource-efficient data transmission in this way. Number studies indicate that the REGPRJPC technique successfully enhances the potential and reliability of patient data packets and reduces the incidence of loss and delay.


People living within an information culture possess different expectations and abilities with technology and digital systems because of their use of and exposure to technology. The first section of the paper reviews the situation of IT education and the need to address the shortage of professionals in the information-related professions. The shortage of IT professionals generates an attempt by educational institutions to develop programs that may or may not adequately address the shortage. Along with the shortage problem, concerns about information literacy are being raised among educators and professionals. To model a connection between information literacy levels and IT education, Bloom's educational objective taxonomy is presented. In conjunction with Bloom's taxonomy, the five-component representation of information systems is presented. If an awareness of information systems enables one to be more information literate and if being more information literate enables one to handle IT situations better, then a representation connecting information systems and information literacy would offer insights to IT education. These two representations, Bloom's Taxonomy and the five-component representation of information systems, are combined to develop a relationship between growth in competency through education and the field of information systems. The second section proposes an information literacy competency taxonomy, (ILC taxonomy). The ILC taxonomy expresses the relationship between growth in competency and understanding of information systems. Educational programs can be represented through the ILC taxonomy in terms of the degree of attention committed to the content characterized by each area of the ILC taxonomy. The third section suggests how different programs can be expressed through the ILC taxonomy. Ultimately, the ILC taxonomy provides a tool for identifying what skills and behaviors within a spectrum of information literacy competencies individuals should be expected to possess, given an educational program.


Cirrhosis has been regarded as a hypocoagulable state associated with an increased risk of bleeding. But patients with cirrhosis also have a high incidence of thrombotic complications, challenging this dogma. We now recognize that in cirrhosis there is a simultaneous decrease in both clotting and anticlotting factors, leading to a new equilibrium. Conventional coagulation tests such as the platelet count and prothrombin time do not assess the reduced anticoagulation factors in cirrhosis and overestimate the bleeding risk, and any intervention based on these test results can lead to thrombotic complications. This article reviews the changes in hemostasis associated with cirrhosis, newer tests for assessing coagulation, and preprocedural minimization of coagulopathy. Cirrhosis affects all 3 phases of coagulation, leading to a delicate new equilibrium, easily disturbed and tipped toward either bleeding or thrombosis by acute events such as infection, renal failure, and invasive procedures.


Objective To observe the incidence of adverse reactions caused by doxofylline in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease.Methods 80 cases of chronic pulmonary heart disease were randomly divided into group A and group B,40 cases of each. group A was given doxofylline treatment,group B received aminophylline treatment. Observed two cases of adverse reactions.Results Group A of adverse reactions incidence was 5.0% lower than the 30.0% of group B,the difference was statistically significant (P0.01).Conclusion Doxofylline in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease is few adverse reactions.


The "random" method of oat breeding was assessed using 820 random lines from four crosses. Transgressive segregation was indicated for yield, maturity, height, bushel weight, and kernel weight, but it was not marked in the latter three traits. Correlations between yield and the above-listed traits were low, indicating that primary emphasis could be placed on productivity without detracting from selection effectiveness. It was concluded that the random method of oat breeding was efficient in breeding for productivity in an area with no serious disease problems. The weight of five panicles taken at random from standard rod-row plots was significantly correlated with plot yields, but the correlations were small and use of high panicle weight would probably not be effective in screening for high yield.


A Bayesian network classifier is one type of graphical probabilistic models that is capable of representing relationship between variables in a given domain under study. We consider the naive Bayes, tree augmented naive Bayes (TAN) and boosted augmented naive Bayes (BAN) to classify patients with peptic ulcer disease among upper gastro intestinal bleeding patients. We compare their performance with IBk and C4.5. To identify relevant variables for peptic ulcer disease, we use some methodologies for attributes subset selection. Results show that, blood urea nitrogen, hemoglobin and gastric malignancy are important for classification. BAN achieves the best accuracy of 77.3 and AUC of (0.81) followed by TAN with 72.4 and 0.76 respectively among Bayesian classifiers. While the accuracy of the TAN is improved with attribute selection, the BAN and IBK are better off without attribute selection.


Different social forms decide different educational forms and paradigms."Harmonious Society" is a social existence in necessity and feasibility. Human society has passed through three social forms,which are "interdependent union","contractual union" and "freemen union".All of them have "the character of harmony" and "the pursuit of harmony".And correspondingly there are three educational forms:"experiential-form education","technical-form education" and "intercommunicating-form education".In the primary stage of socialism,it is necessary to construct the socialism harmonious society with the orientation of scientific development,to enhance the technical-form education and to come to meet the intercommunicating-form education.


The invention regards a new threshold crossing timing recovery scheme for use in high capacity optical disc systems. The timing error of a timing error detector is multiplied with a weighing function. This scheme effectively increases the robustness of the optical system against data- induced jitter, which is considered to be the dominant disturbance of the timing recovery as the capacity of the optical discs is high. The invention furthermore describes a number of examples of possible weighing functions.