This doctoral thesis, entitled "Alvaro Siza in divided Berlin. The urban project at the margins (1976-1988)" deals with the contemporary validity of architecture in its urban dimension for the construction of the contemporary city.
Between 1976 and 1983, the architect Alvaro Siza participated six times in the debate on the reconstruction of marginal areas in Berlin before the fall of the wall. The resulting proposals occur at a turning point in Modernity, characterized by the reformulation of old avant-garde's values attenuated both by the critical experience of the last CIAM and by the experience of working from local contexts, understanding the environment as an inhabited place, composed by new and old fragments among which the architect will have to work.
One of the ideas that has given rise to the word Modernity has been to consider it as a radical rupture with the foregoing. This idea of Modernity is a myth that clashes with the idea that no transformation is really possible if it is not latent under the existing conditions.
Working from the as found will allow Alvaro Siza to reach points of conciliation between tradition and innovation, between custom and estrangement, between accumulation and order; several conflicts between opposites that the project will find and will have to re-negotiate and deliberate each time.
From the six projects in which Alvaro Siza participated in Berlin, there are three especially studied: His participation in the Symposium in 1976, the contest in Frankelufer in 1979 and the contest for Block 121 in 1980 that was finally built from 1982 to 1988.
The main strategies distinguished in these projects are insertion, fragmentation and rotation, in order to establish new harmonious relations. Siza carries out an empirical work at the limits of what is possible that leads to the study of his methodology from the idea of plasticity.
From the different ideas that this word raises, we will refer especially to three of its meanings:
1- The first one, from a more artistic perspective, refers to the Ancient Greek's etymological origins of plasticity or plastic art as "art of molding clay". Meaning that can be understood in contemporary architecture, from the point of view of this thesis, as experimental work with materials, construction systems and conventional forms. This thesis addresses the experimental and empirical work from the as found, which, in the case of Berlin, consists specially in the maintenance of the existing complex gradation between spaces.
2- In the architectural project, following R.D.Martienssen's idea, plastic unity can also be understood as a synonymous of harmony. A quality that the architect achieves in the different compositional and proportional relationships between the fragments, emphasizing or subordinating certain elements in favor of the project taking unity and overall coherence. Strategies are not strictly subject to functionality, but in no case go against it. In the case of the proposals of Siza for Berlin, this thesis addresses his proposal of holistic restructuring of the city. One of the most important contributions of Alvaro Siza to the Architecture of the city is the establishment of new relations between the parties in the insertion of new buildings, establishing a new harmonious relationship between the parts.
3- Finally, this thesis refers to the mechanical meaning of plasticity. The plastic limit is understood here as the instant before failure or collapse, achieved by applying a force on a material and transforming it. This, in the case of architecture, becomes the architect's ideological commitment of gradual and consensual transformation of reality, transformation without rupture. At the same time, this condition of limit refers to the architects' commitment with the society under the necessity to transcend the outmoded model.


Objective To evaluate the healing effect of resetting posteriorly the non-neural symptom vertebral in a vertebral plate decompression way.Method By studying the recovery of 52 patients received the treatment of incising and resetting posteriorly the non-neural symptom vertebal fractures 3 years ago.Of the 52 patients,30 were treated in a vertebral plate decompression way,while 22 not.Results To the patients suffering non-neural symptom vertebral fractures,if they were treated in a vertebral plate decompression way,the recovery was better and the complications were fewer.Conclusion The treatment effect of resetting posteriorly the nonneural symptom vertebral fractures in a vertebral plate decompression way is good.Comprehensive analysis on more patients is needed.


It presents a MOS gate semiconductor device having a thick oxide spacer with the deep implanted junctions overlying a significant portion of the common conductive area (MOS-gated semiconductor device).


A description is given of methods that have been used to analyze the spectrum of non‐self‐adjoint differential operators, emphasizing the differences from the self‐adjoint theory. It transpires that even in cases in which the eigenfunctions can be determined explicitly, they often do not form a basis; this is closely related to a high degree of instability of the eigenvalues under small perturbations of the operator. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 34L05, 35P05, 47A10, 47A12.


For the travelling path control problem of differential wheeled pipeline robot, this paper proposes an approach to measure the velocities of drive wheels by photoelectric encoder, and gets trajectory curves of drive wheels on the experimental platform. Based on simulation of trajectory curves, fuzzy PID control of pipeline robot is fulfilled in straight travelling process. After PID parameters are implemented on the experimental robot fine control effectiveness is achieved.


The work proposed in this paper is an attempt to develop two recognizers for Odia handwriting based on basic transformation schemes and compares their pros and cons. Both the recognizers put emphasis on exploiting the inherent characteristics of the Odia numeral images. The proposed method analyzes the use of Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) for this purpose. Recognition by classification is achieved by feeding these vectors as input to a Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). Recognition results are obtained and compared by experimentally varying the classifier parameters. Our experimental results come out to be promising. Thus, finally, we come of with a robust recognizer for handwritten Odia numerals.


Are diamonds really a girl's best friend? Diamond jewelry became a booming industry in the United States after World War II. Many advertisements at the time emphasized themes of love and devotion that are only accurately expressed when you buy diamond jewelry for your significant other. These positive images of diamond jewelry changed drastically in the 1990s when the label "blood diamond" was introduced to describe both the environmental and humanitarian crises of the natural diamond industry, predominantly in Africa. This book discusses the emergence of diamond jewelry in the United States, the ways in which the lab-made diamond industry is a technological solution for blood diamonds, and how diamonds made from ashes complicate the average consumers' traditional vision of diamond jewelry. Ultimately this book shows that there is still a plethora of natural diamonds in the earth, but lab-made diamonds eliminate the environmental and humanitarian issues associated with natural diamonds. There are consumers that will prefer purchasing natural diamonds, but a new generation of consumers, mainly Millenials, are looking for alternative sources for diamond jewelry.


The present invention relates to compositions comprising an angiogenesis inhibitor that binds to a therapeutic agent or diagnostic agent. In a specific embodiment, the composition is a fusion gene or fusion gene product encoding angiogenesis inhibitors that bind to therapeutic or diagnostic agent. In certain embodiments, the composition is used as a method of treating angiogenesis-associated diseases, such as cancer.


In both sexes of the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis, a constant diploid chromosome number of 48 was observed in squashes of gill epithelium, testes, and spleen. The female karyotype invariably includes a single distinctly large metacentric chromosome, absent in all males examined, which strongly indicates female heterogamety of the "WZ" type. The smallest acrocentric, also without a homomorph, probably complements this large W; in the male the smallest pair of similar acrocentrics (ZZ?) forms an atypical meiotic bivalent. The cytological expression of digamety in teleostean fishes is briefly discussed.


Abstract 3146 Poster Board III-83 Background Bacterial or fungal infections in prolonged neutropenia are related to high mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies despite vigorous antibiotic and antifungal treatment. Granulocytes transfusions (GTs) have been used as an adjunctive to improve survival. However, the efficacy and safety of GTs are still controversial and reliable prognostic factors remain to be defined. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of GTs and to assess the prognostic factors associated with survival outcome in the patients with neutropenia and severe infection. Methods This study used prospectively collected comprehensive database, institutional leukapheresis registry. Adult patients (18 ≥ years) with hematologic malignancies who had received at least 3 times of GTs in each episode of febrile neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count 9 /L) were eligible. Results Between Jan 2004 and Jun 2009, a total of 892 GTs in 119 episodes of 112 patients were identified. The median age was 45 years (range: 18 to 90 years). Primary diagnosis was acute leukemia (n = 87, 73.1%), lymphoma (n = 17, 14.3%), aplastic anemia (n = 9, 7.6%), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 3, 2.5%), and multiple myeloma (n = 3, 2.5%). The cause of neutropenia was conventional chemotherapy (n = 95, 79.8%), stem cell transplantation (n = 12, 10.1%), and primary disease itself (n = 12, 10.1%). Microorganisms were isolated from blood culture in 54 episodes (53.8%). Isolated organisms were single species of bacteria (n = 40, 33.6%), multiple species of bacteria (n = 19, 16.0%), and fungus with bacteria (n = 5, 4.2%). Fifty-six episodes (47.1%) were under use of vasopressors, and 25 episodes (21.0%) were treated an in intensive care unit. The median time from initiation of neutropenia to start of GTs was 18 days (range: 1 to 645 days). The median of 6 GTs per episode (range: 3 to 38) were administered, containing a median total of 36.65×10 10 leukocytes per episode. Control of infection was achieved in 57 episodes (47.9%). The 28-day and 100-day survival rate was 64.2±0.04% and 23.4±0.04%, respectively. Adverse reactions were tolerable including fever (n = 29, 24.4%), rigor (n = 9, 7.6%), hypotension (n = 9, 7.6%), and rash (n = 3, 2.5%). Life-threatening respiratory complications were rare including massive hemoptysis (n = 6, 5.0%) and respiratory failure (n = 6, 5.0%). Planned GTs could not be completed in 5 episodes (4.2%) due to intolerability. In a univariate analysis, episodes after stem cell transplantation were significantly related to worse survival (median 32 vs 111 days, P = 0.005); 11 out of 12 stem cell transplanted patients died within 100-days. Additionally, elderly cases (≥ 65 years) showed tendency to have worse survival (median 21 vs 90 days; P = 0.053). Conclusions Granulocyte transfusions are tolerable and efficacious option for the treatment of infectious complications during prolonged neutropenia. Old age, previous stem cell transplantation should be considered as a poor prognostic marker for survival. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Diplazium esculentum (Family Athyriaceae), commonly known as 'lingad' in Himachal Pradesh, India is agreen vegetable and is considered to be a valuable medicinal plant of India. This study was conducted to investigate the total phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant potential and FTIR analysis of Diplazium esculentum with four different solvents i.e. ethanol, methanol, chloroform and aqueous. Among the solvents tested, methanol was reported as excellent extractive solvent with the highestflavonoid and total phenolic content i.e. 45.3 mg QE g-1 DE and 73.7 mg GAE g-1 DE respectively. Methanol also showed the best antioxidant activity in both DPPH and ABTS assay i.e. IC50 values 80.20μg/mL and 73.38μg/mL. The FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional compounds in the extracts. The current study suggested that the methanol extract has strong activity, which can be used in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries.


The idea of commercial society should be definitely counted among the most important intellectual contributions of the Eighteenth Century Scottish philosophers, including Adam Smith, the author of the famous Wealth of Nations, and writers such as Adam Ferguson, Lord Kames, John Millar or William Robertson. Coming together with their accounts of a multi-stage progress of society, this idea promised to shift the focus of political thinkers onto socio-historical and economic considerations. By emphasising the importance of an ever-evolving institution of property, together with its social contexts and implications, the Scots could help to better understand the emerging "commercial" modernity. Especially important in this respect was their recognition of the effects that the new commercial relations began to have on the sphere of morals, including perceptions of vice and virtue and patterns of both social and personal behaviour...


This paper designed and analyzed a wind measuring instrument for the generate wind power electricity.It designed and modelled the inside circuit by using the software ProtelDXP,using the software Proteus to simulate and calculate the circuit,used the theory knowledge to analyze the error of the circuit.The result of theory calculation and simulation analysis show that,it can effectively improve measuring accurateness in this kind of instrument.It is durable and rigid which can easily adapt to complex environment,and output signal is the industry standard serving for wind farm.


Results: In the OLE, 19% of anal intercourses were unprotected (i.e. no PrEP or condom). Of these, 85% were attributable to sexual intercourse with main partners and 47% with HIV-negative partners. The following factors were positively associated with condomless anal sex without PrEP: a depressive episode in the previous 12 months [aR (95% CI), P-value: 1.49 (1.02–2.17), 0.039], a higher number of sexual intercourses during the previous 4 weeks [1.01 [1.002–1.02], 0.014], and sexual intercourses under the influence of alcohol [1.45 (1.10–1.92), 0.008]. By contrast, condomless anal sex without PrEP was less frequent during sexual intercourses with known casual, unknown casual and multiple partners [0.20 (0.14–0.30),<0.001; 0.10 (0.05–0.20),<0.001; 0.11 (0.05–0.29),<0.001, respectively], as well as with HIVþ partners with an undetectable viral load and HIVþ partners with a detectable/unknown viral load or unknown serology status [0.57 (0.38–0.86), 0.007; 0.52 (0.32–0.87), 0.012, respectively].


Background: The link between trait mindfulness and several dimensions of aggression (verbal, anger and hostility) has been documented, while the link between physical aggression and trait mindfulness remains less clear. Method: We used two datasets: one United States sample from 300 freshmen males from Clemson University, South Carolina and a Chinese sample of 1516 freshmen students from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. Multiple regressions were conducted to examine the association between mindfulness (measured by Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS)) and each of the four subscales of aggression. Results: Among the Clemson sample (N = 286), the mindfulness scale had a significant negative association with each of the four subscales of aggression: Hostility: β = −0.62, p < 0.001; Verbal: β = −0.37, p < 0.001; Physical: β = −0.29, p < 0.001; Anger: β = −0.44, p < 0.001. Among the Shanghai male subsample, the mindfulness scale had a significant negative association with each of the four subscales of aggression: Hostility: β = −0.57, p < 0.001; Verbal: β = −0.37, p < 0.001; Physical: β = −0.35, p < 0.001; Anger: β = −0.58, p < 0.001. Among the Shanghai female subsample (N = 512), the mindfulness scale had a significant negative association with each of the four subscales of aggression: Hostility: β = −0.62, p < 0.001; Verbal: β = −0.41, p < 0.001; Physical: β = −0.52, p < 0.001; and Anger: β = −0.64, p < 0.001. Discussion: Our study documents the negative association between mindfulness and physical aggression in two non-clinical samples. Future studies could explore whether mindfulness training lowers physical aggression among younger adults.


Upon fertilization, the zebrafish egg undergoes marked physiological and structural changes, one of which involves blastodisc formation. Before fertilization, yolk globules are rounded and the endoplasm extends throughout the oocyte. During blastodisc formation, the yolk globules become angular and the endoplasm is restricted to streamers among the yolk globules. The streamers are oriented in an anterior‐posterior axis of the egg. During blastodisc formation the cytoskeleton consists of an extensive array of filamentous structures of variable width in both the cortex as well as within elongate endoplasmic streamers. Although the filamentous components in the cortex and endoplasmic streamers probably include both microfilaments and microtubules, frequently they are somewhat wider than the usual dimensions, and possible reasons for this are suggested. From their arrangement in both the cortex and endoplasm, it seems likely that the components of the cytoskeleton (e.g., microfilaments and microtubules) may provide, through contraction, the major force responsible for the streaming of the endoplasm into the forming blastodisc. It is assumed that the surface tension of the vegetal hemisphere exceeds that of the animal hemisphere, thus forcing, through differential contraction, the endoplasm to flow in the direction of the forming blastodisc. No distinct barrier between the yolk and forming blastodisc was observed. The compressed condition of the larger and many‐sided yolk globules could prevent their movement into the blastodisc. Scanning electron microscopy is limited in the resolution with which it can depict the cytoskeleton, but nonetheless it provides useful information about structural interrelationships.


Reforming Health Care Systems brings together the work of leading economic scholars on the reform and development of the United Kingdom's National Health Service and the implications of this process for health care systems worldwide.


The last few years have seen the beginning of a new era in high dynamic range seismic instrumentation. 24-bit resolution (which translates to ∼ 7 orders of magnitude) is now commonplace and becoming readily affordable. It is the standard for many seismic networks , and is increasingly common in engineering networks. Instruments are now designed to record over a wide frequency range to take advantage of this new resolution. It is also increasingly possible for networks to store large volumes of high sample rate continuous data at reasonable cost with relative ease. This thesis examines new research that has only become possible with the wealth of data that has recently become available to the community. Two main issues are dealt with in this thesis: 1. What is the current system of seismological instrumentation. How does it work, how does it overlap, and how can it be improved? 2. What new applications are now possible with the modern instrumentation? In addressing these issues, the following problems are explored: a. understanding the best instrumentation for recording ground motions over the widest possible band of interest. b. prediction of motions of a tall building structure from small motions of a nearby free-field station. c. removing the total path effect from earthquake records: isolating which part of a record is due to the source, and then what can be learned from this source time function. Chapter 2 describes the typical specifications of a modern broadband seismic network station , using the California Integrated Seismic Network as an example. The benefits of introducing a strong motion velocity recording instrument in place of the accelerometer are


The creation of an 'urban village' is increasingly seen as an option for physical regional developments through the renewal of inner mixed use communities normally in densely settled areas. A leading Australian example of this is the 16.6-hectare Kelvin Grove Urban Village, which was a disused military training grounds located at the fringe of the central business district of Brisbane, Queensland. This research explores how after only a span of 15 years, this inner city development has become an exemplar of new urbanism concepts and principles in Australia. A total of 30 of the original key stakeholders who each had a minimum of ten years involvement with the development were interviewed. The extended time period from inception to precinct maturity allowed the researchers to capture the reflections and insights from the participants. The lessons learnt provide some key elements that can be applied to other contemporary urban developments that seek high patronage, vitality, character and economic viability in regional development.


Measurements of the degree of neutron polarization by means of a depolarizing metal disk and double reflection are analyzed. The use of cobalt mirrors as polarizers and analyzers is investigated. A method is given for evaluating small angle scattering with a depolarizing plate. (R.V.J.)


The tubal infertility is the main reason of infertilit,and the incidents tend to be increasing year by year.Traditional inspection methods are low accuracy and limited treatment.Gynecological endoscopic treatment on tubal infertility has been developed rapidly in recent years.With the important clinical value,laparoscopic and hysteroscopy has become modern diagnosis and treatment of gynecology indispensable micro-traumatic techniques.Chinese medicine treatment of this disease is also key research direction in a decade,but the objective is hard to make clinical evaluation and selection due to the different use of drugs and adopted treatments,which still need further research.


Beam type structures are being commonly used in steel construction and machinery industries, in structures and machines, and fatigue cracks are the main cause of beams failure. Crack occurs in beams to change its dynamic behaviour of structure and examining these changes in crack location and crack size are identified. The NDT methods are used for crack detection and which are costly and time consuming. In this paper the beam consider to open transverse cracks. Currently research has focused on using modal parameters i.e. natural frequency used as a basic criterion. In this paper the modal analysis was performed on cracked beams and a healthy beam, to calculate natural frequency. The first three natural frequencies wear considered for vibration analysis of beams. The vibration analysis result to shows the plot the effect of the second crack on the natural frequency and mode frequency ratio in terms of crack depth for various crack positions of the cantilever bar.


New database system of information of chemical substances related to food processing was developed. The system function was designed and application softwares were developed. The host computer system was ACOS-850, and DATA-710TM was used as DBMS (Database Management System). The outline of the database is as follows. It includes physical data, spectral data, biological data, production and shipment data and legal data of food additives, enzymes and microbial products. Text data are written in Japanese. The software program to exchange the data between this database and other ones which were controlled by IBMTM system was also developed. (Received Sep. 9, 1988)


In 2012, MTV explored a new approach to voter engagement through "Fantasy Election." The game had players draft candidates in the congressional and presidential elections onto personal teams in order to compete for points and prizes, which were distributed based not only on the candidates' actions but also when players themselves took action to become better informed and involved during the campaign. In the end, Fantasy Election drew over 10,000 active participants. This article scrutinizes the design and effect of the game by using data from MTV's exit survey of Fantasy Election users to explore whether and how games can be used to encourage voter engagement. By considering the self-reported motivations of players, and a broader discussion of the role of play, competition and reward in fostering political and civic participation, we consider how gamification strategies have ambivalent effects on developing a more informed and cooperative civil society.


Yield Iosses due to stalk-lodging in rnaize (Z~E ma~s L.) have been estimated at 5 to 254 annually. Ia~formation on chromosomal arms carryirmg gene(s) favorable to stalkquality improvement woufd be useful to maize breeders. Reciprocal chromosomal translocations (interchanges) were used to locate genes for three stalk-quality traits, viz, stalksection weight, crushing strength, and rind thickness. in two inbred lines (B14A and B37) with excellent stalk-quality, using tao testers (Oh43 and N3l) with poor stalk-quality. Genes conditionia~g stalk-section weight were lc~cated in nearly all the ten linkage groups. Six and seven chromosome arms were found to carry gene(s) for stalk crushing strength in B14A and B37. respectively. Rind thickness was found to be controlled bg four chromosome arms in B37 ant! possibly by two arms in B14A. This information maj be hclpfu'ul to naaize breeders in improving stalk-quality in maize by transferring favorable chromosome arms by means of chromoson~al interchanges. Certain chromrasome arms could not be conclusiveIy ruled out. Additional translocations involving each of the following chrornosome arms should be studied for this purpose: IL, 3L, SS, 6S, 8S, IOS. and tOL. The shriveled (semi-sterile) versus non shriveled (fertile) anther classification method couici be reliabBy used to determine semi-sterility and fertility in a normal growing season. La perte produite par Ba verse t8e la tipe chez le mai's (Zra rnrrys L.) est estimee cntrc


This paper proposes a synthesis framework that synthesizes sho-like sounds with the same articulations as the given input signal. This approach has three components: acoustic feature extraction, physical parameter estimation, and synthesis. At the acoustic feature extraction part, amplitude and fundamental frequency of the input signal were extracted, and the parameter estimation part converts them to control parameters of the physical model. Then, using these control parameters, sound waveform is calculated at the synthesis part. Based on this method, sounds with various articulations were synthesized using several kinds of instrumental tones. As a result, sounds with natural frequency and amplitude variations such as vibrato, portamento can be created. The system was successfully used in a music piece as a sound hybridization tool.


An introduction to the basic issues of database management and to the concepts of the relational database model is presented. Structural engineering examples are used to describe the principal relational operations for data retrieval. Examples of an available relational data retrieval language developed for a current database management system are provided. The process of normalization is analyzed, and 6 different normal forms are described, to provide guidelines for database design.


Traditionally the teaching of programming is done by the usage of industrial tools (full blown IDE's), this paper will present the current development status of Botbeans, a visual programming language and tool that will enable its users to see the results of their programming in a tangible interface, where a robot (Lego Mindstorms NXT) will show the results of its programming while interacting with the real world.


The invention discloses a deploying method and system of a virtual machine system. The method includes the steps that corresponding operation system template files and software template files of software under an operation system are selected respectively according to the requirement of the operation system and the software of the virtual machine system to be established, the software template files and the operation system template files are copied and combined on virtual disc space which is newly built, combined mirror image files are formed, the combined mirror image files are operated, the virtual machine system is established, so that the operation system template files and all the software template files are combined as required, and the virtual machine system needed by a user is established. According to the deploying method and system of the virtual machine system, customization and deployment of virtual machines can be achieved flexibly, fast and efficiently as required, and the personalized virtual machine system is obtained.


To establish the identity of an individual is very critical with the advancement of technology in networked society. Thus, there is need for reliable user authentication technique to solve the growing demand for high level of Information Security Governance (ISG) depending on the requirement. Biometrics can be explained as the method to recognize an individual based on physical (face, fingerprint, ear, iris, etc.) or behavioral (voice, signature, gait, etc.) features to identify an individual person. Nowadays, biometric systems are being used for different purposes for information security like commercial, defense, government, and forensic applications as a means of establishing identity and to mitigate the risk which is one of the important objectives of Information Security Governance. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to explain the use and proper selection of biometric trait to help in Information Security Governance.


An energy management algorithm to optimally control a rooftop solar photovoltaic device in combination with a battery storage and considering variable pricing is analyzed for single family houses. A discrete time dynamic programming controller is developed to minimize the electricity costs. It is shown in simulation, using real world measurement data, that considerable savings can be achieved with the optimal controller. However, we also show the limitations of such discrete time approaches in realistic scenarios when load and generation changes in-between the samples where the controller is active. This can lead to a performance deterioration making the optimal controller worse than a standard approach.


Seaton, Gina, A., M.S., Purdue University, August 2011. Belonging Uncertainty and Psychological Capital: An Investigation of Antecedents of the Leaky Pipeline in STEM. Major Professor: Jane R. Williams. Women are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and math fields (STEM), especially in higher levels. Researchers term this phenomenon "the leaky pipeline." While the issue is well-documented in the literature, little is known about its antecedents. The current study offers insight into factors that relate to career choice and contribute to the lack of diversity in STEM fields by investigating how sense of belonging and psychological capital (PsyCap) influence important psychological, academic, and career outcomes for women in these fields. Female undergraduate STEM majors were recruited for participation at two times during the fall academic semester (N=182 at time one, N=86 at time two) and data were analyzed using correlation and regression. Results provide support for the influence of both sense of belonging and PsyCap as important correlates of an individual's academic and career making decisions. Specifically, PsyCap mediated the relationship between belonging and well-being and belonging and career outcomes of engagement and participants' intentions to apply to graduate programs in an unrelated major. In addition, PsyCap moderated the relationship between sense of belonging and participants' intentions to switch majors and intentions to apply to graduate programs in a field unrelated to their current major. An increased understanding of the factors that contribute to the leaky pipeline in STEM will serve as a basis for developing further research questions and targeting interventions.


The development of technology in the field of education is seen very rapidly and has produced many new learning methods and models that are used to compete in the world of education in producing quality human resources and being able to compete in the industrial world or the world of work. However, since the world was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, the government, especially in the field of education, suggested that every school use online learning methods with the aim of breaking the chain of the spread of COVID-19. The purpose of this research is to see if there is an effect of online learning on student learning outcomes in graphic design subjects at SMK Eklesia Jailolo. The results showed that the online learning method with the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model was higher than online learning with the conventional learning model (lectures). Keywords:


Given that the Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) are witnessed to expand the size of their network at a wider scale, their utilization of the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is also increasing rapidly. Now-a-days, rather relying on private agents and outsourcing the resources, HE institutes are deploying and maintaining their own IT infrastructures. This leads to the increased number of massive deployments of IT resources across the globe. Such activities not only incur massive investments but also consume more power and considerably act as environmental pollutants. It is practically not possible to restrict the HE institutes from deploying their own resources, since outsourcing is becoming costlier. But, it is relatively important for the HE institutes to control their datacentres from substantially polluting the environment without losing their revenue. With this in mind, this research work proposes a Cloud based business model for HEIs for the purpose of facilitating effective sustainable ICT provisions. An important contribution of this paper is the guideline for choosing right Cloud services with supporting experiment results.


Most vegetable farms in urban areas of Nigeria are located by the roadside, where environment is heavily polluted with heavymetal-laden exhaust. Within Ibadan metropolis, Amaranthus cruentus, Celosia argentea and Corchorus olitorius are commonly grown all the year round. Accumulation of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in the three leafy vegetable samples in three different traffic density areas was investigated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. Results revealed that the highest concentrations of Pb and Cd in vegetables were present in samples taken from the high traffic density area. Lead and cadmium concentrations varied among vegetable types. The unwashed leaves of Amaranthus had the highest lead (157.69±21.52ug/g) and cadmium (138.76±26.92ug/g) concentration s. The amount of heavy metal removed by washing the plant materials in distilled water was in the range of 6.93 to 53.27% (mean=28.37%) for lead and 19.82 to 72.64% (mean=44.64%) for cadmium. This may imply that in terms of deposition on the plants there was more of cadmium than lead and in term of assimilation into the tissues there was more of lead than cadmium. The implication of continuous ingestion of these contaminated vegetables for bioaccumulation and bio-magnification of the heavy metals in the digestive system of vegetable consumers is discussed.


Introduction: 'Issues concerning the Teutons' Chapter 1. The Tradition of Volkisch Germanism Chapter 2. History and Intuition Chapter 3. Origins of Ideographic Studies Chapter 4.Germanic Resurgence Chapter 5. National Socialism and Antiquity Chapter 6. Intellectual Prehistory Chapter 7. Academic Responses Chapter 8. The Expansion of the Ahnenerbe Chapter 9. Into the Academy Chapter 10. Epilogue, Aftermath Conclusion: The Secret Garden Bibliography Index


: Authenticated key exchange (AKE) is one of the most important applications in applied cryptography, where a user interacts with a server to set up a session key where pre-registered information (aka. authentication factor), such as a password or biometrics, of the user is stored. While single-factor AKE is widely used in practice, higher security concerns call for multi-factor AKE schemes, e.g. combining both passwords and biometrics and device simultaneously. However, in some schemes, security is even weakened in the sense that leakage of one authentication factor will defeat the whole authentication process. Furthermore, an inevitable by-product arises that the usability of the protocol often drops greatly. To summarize, the existing multi-factor protocols did not provide enough security and efficiency simultaneously. Here, we make one step ahead by proposing a very efficient authentication method. We define the security model and give the according security analysis. To overcome the security issues proposed method implements textual, graphical, and biometric and device password to access the user accounts and an efficient AES algorithm for data transaction which is more secured algorithm is used.


Abstract This paper deals with trade platforms whose operators not only allow third party sellers to offer their products to consumers, but also offer products themselves. In this context, the platform operator faces a hold-up problem if he uses classical two-part tariffs only as potential competition between the platform operator and sellers reduces platform attractiveness. Since some sellers refuse to join the platform, some products that are not known to the platform operator will not be offered at all. We find that revenue-based fees lower the platform operator's incentives to compete with sellers, increasing platform attractiveness. Therefore, charging such proportional fees can be profitable, which may explain why several trade platforms indeed charge proportional fees.


Landform plays an important role in regulating the spatial pattern of plant community. Quantifying the spatial pattern of plant community along the sand_covered hillslope can give useful information about the relationship between vegetation and environment as well as making powerful measures of rehabilitations of the degraded land. In this paper, the spatial pattern of plant community along a sand_covered hillslope in Ordos Plateau of China was analyzed. The higher position was a typical steppe community dominated by Stipa bungeana , Artemisia frigida , and Gypsophila desertorum , while the lower position was a psammophytes' community dominated by Artemisia ordosica . First axis of DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) was significantly correlated with the geomorphic position. In addition, first axis scores of DCA, as a useful index of species composition, showed strong spatial dependence.


The general pedagogical knowledge of teachers is not often investigated in comparison to content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge. In this article, a more comprehensive outlook on teachers' skills and knowledge without regard to subject‐specific nuances is discussed in relation to classroom management strategies, the organization of pupils' learning, and effective communication techniques and teaching. The aim of this research was to describe what comprehensive school teachers believe to be the main pedagogical principles and what their perceived obstacles seem to be. These principles and their obstacles were examined according to gender, school level, class size, and school subject. A random sample of all Finnish schools was obtained based on the probability proportional to size (PPS)‐sample method. In the second phase of sampling, teachers were selected from the schools, so that they represented primary and secondary levels of comprehensive school. The data was gathered by the questionnaire returned by 362 class teachers (primary level/grade four, response rate 85%) and 1989 subject teachers (secondary level/grades seven to nine, response rate 61%). Descriptions for three open‐ended questions were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively, following a category system which was both data‐based and theory‐based. The means of 10 structured Likert‐scale items were calculated and compared (t‐test, one‐way ANOVA). The key pedagogical principles focused on teaching‐learning arrangements and methods, relationship to pupils and learning environment, general educational principles, and expected skills and attitudes. The first two were among the most often described cases of successful teaching‐learning events. Obstacles toward the implementation of personally important principles into pedagogical practice were related to the learning requirements, to the pupils and groups of pupils, and to the teachers' and pupils' backgrounds. The results properly reflected various theoretical conceptualizations of pedagogical principles and indicated the teachers' rich understanding of good practice. The results increase our understanding of teachers' pedagogical decision‐making, which can be used in both initial and in‐service teacher education.


With the increase of transistor density and adoption of novel geometries, such as, FinFET, ETSOI, and gate-all-around nanowire (GAA NW) transistors, self-heating has emerged as a persistent concern for modern ICs. Various reliability issues, such as, NBTI, HCI, PBTI, and TDDB depend sensitively on channel temperature, ΔTc(x, y, z;t), due to self-heating. An accurate spatio-temporal map of channel temperature is essential for Fin/NW-resolved reliability/lifetime of sub-22 nm technology nodes. In this paper, we demonstrate that (i) none of the existing techniques, in isolation, can map the NW-resolved channel temperature of modern transistors, and (ii) only a collection of orthogonal techniques (multiprobe approach) or novel test structures (material approach), integrated/interpreted through self-consistent electro-thermal simulation, can map the temperature in sufficient detail necessary for reliability prediction.


Transdermal therapeutic system in plaster form for controlled release of active substances to the human or animal skin, said system comprising a backing layer, an associated active substance-containing reservoir and a removable protective layer, characterized in that the active substance-containing reservoir as main components at least one film former and at least one ethylene -Vinylacetat-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer as a crystallization of the / of the active ingredients (s) includes preventing or suppressing polymer.


In this paper, the nonlinear vibration of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) embedded in a Kelvin-Voigt foundation is studied. The SWCNT is considered as an elastic Euler-Bernoulli beam with vonKármán type geometrical nonlinearity. Then, the governing equation of motion is derived based on the Hamilton's principle. The nonlocal elastic field theory is utilized to introduce the small-scale effect into the equation of motion. Using the Galerkin method, the equation of motion is reduced to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation and solved by an asymptotic perturbation method called KrylovBogolubov-Mitropolskij (KBM) method. Two analytical formulas for the fundamental frequency and displacement field are derived. The obtained results for the case of simply-supported boundary conditions are reported and the effects of amplitude, residual stresses, and viscoelastic foundation are addressed and discussed.


This article establishes a descriptor regular form and shows its applications in observer‐based integral sliding mode controllers design of descriptor systems. A reduced‐order linear observer and a full‐order descriptor sliding mode observer are, respectively, designed to estimate the state variables of the descriptor system under consideration. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the proposed descriptor regular form and observers are derived. With the descriptor regular form, it is revealed that the separation principle holds for the proposed observer‐based integral sliding mode control methods. This means that the proposed observers can be designed independently and when using the estimation of state variables obtained from them to replace the state variables in a stabilizing state‐feedback integral sliding mode controller, the resulting observer‐based integral sliding mode controller can still stabilize the descriptor system. Finally, a constrained mechanical system is numerically simulated to verify the methods proposed.


We studied the regulation of phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass in rockpool food webs under chronic cadmium pollution. Experimental food webs with two and three trophic levels were composed of phytoplankton, small‐bodied zooplankton (Chydorus sphaericus, Cyclops sp., and rotifers), Daphnia magna, and Notonecta sp., a zooplanktivorous predator. Every food web received a control and cadmium treatment allowing a separate study of cadmium and predation effects. After a 3‐week stabilization period, cadmium and Notonecta were added and changes in primary productivity, chlorophyll, zooplankton species composition, and biomass were followed during 8 weeks. The results showed that phytoplankton and Daphnia were consumer regulated in both control and cadmium treatments, although resource availability ultimately determined the biomass at each trophic level. Daphnia was the only zooplankton species that reduced phytoplankton and also the only species that was eliminated by Notonecta predation. Notonecta had an indirect positive impact on phytoplankton biomass that increased after the extinction of Daphnia. Cadmium significantly reduced phytoplankton and Daphnia but did not change the trophic interactions between them, i.e., Daphnia and chlorophyll were significantly negatively correlated both in the control and cadmium treatments. Cadmium did not affect the relationship between Daphnia and Notonecta.


The research status and achievements of domestic and overseas booster pellet charging structure are summarized,meanwhile,some problems existed in the domestic research are analyzed,and finally some suggestions and the future research orientation is also put forward.


PSPICE has been used to model the behavior of a current transient injected into a head/preamp/TSA circuit. In particular, PSPICE can used to assess whether head architecture changes could provide better protection against ESD damage. The input impedance the circuit presents to the incoming transient dramatically affects how much current will discharge across the reader. A small capacitance between the bottom shield and suspension provides protection when the transient is injected at the bottom shield.


Abstract 4675 Objective: Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) possessing immunoregulatory activities have been evaluated in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this study, mice9s heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) was transduced into mice9s bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs), we assessed the immuno-suppressive capacity of lentiviral vector transduced BMSCs expressing HO-1 in BALB/c mice aGVHD model, and the immuno-regulatory effect of mBMSCs on alleviating acute GVHD in vivo was measured to provide laboratory data for gene therapy for aGVHD which used mBMSCs as vehicles. Methods: We cloned mice9s HO-1 cDNA from mice9s bone marrow and constructed recombinant lentivirus vectors (Lentivirus-V5-D-TOPO-HO-1-EGFP/Lentivirus–V 5-D-TOPO-EGFP) which titer was 1×10 11 pfu/mL. These mBMSCs were separated, cultured, purified, and detected by morphology, flow cytometry, osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic induction, and the mRNA level of the neural ganglioside GD2 gene which is a surface marker for the identification of MSCs by RT-PCR. Then recombinant vectors were transferred into mBMSCs, and the expression of EGFP and HO-1 were detected by fluorescence microscope, RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The immunsuppressive capacity of HO-1 over-expressing mBMSCs was investigated using transwell assay in vitro. And before infusion, the homing of MSC was detected by Flow cytometry. In addition, we established BALB/c mice9s aGVHD model after Allo-HSCT, the recombinant vectors tranfected mBMSCs and primary mBMSCs were injected into the BALB/c mice aGVHD model in tail vein, respectively. Four groups were separated in vivo test (Group A: aGVHD control; Group B: aGVHD model injected in mBMSCs; Group C: aGVHD model injected in mBMSCs transfected with EGFP; Group D: aGVHD model injected in mBMSCs transfected with HO-1 gene.) The survival, body weight and clinical score of GVHD in transplanted mice were monitored to evaluate the severity of aGVHD. The aGVHD targeted organ, such as Liver, intestine and lung from mice in each group were obtained for histological examination and pathological score. Plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-γ were also determined using a Cytometric Bead Array. Results: We cloned mice HO-1 gene from mice9s bone marrow and constructed the recombinant adenovirus vectors (Lentivirus-V5-D-TOPO-HO-1- EGFP/Lentivirus-V5-D-TOPO-EGFP) successfully. mBMSCs was separated and identified successfully. Fluorescence microscope detected the expression of EGFP, while both RT-PCR and Western blot detected high expression of HO-1 in gene-transfected group cells. It clearly showed that mBMSCs in Group D can migrate more through the polycarbonate filter toward bone marrow micro-environment in the lower chamber than Group A, B, C in vitro, while homing of Group D showed similar trend compared with others groups. In the mice GVHD model, treatment with HO-1 over-expressing BMSCs significantly decreased the mortality rate and attenuated clinical and pathological GVHD scores, and volume of spleen was not more obviously enlarged than others groups. Moreover, compared with control groups, the plasma IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-γ levels in recipients infused with HO-1 over-expressing BMSCs were significantly decreased, while those of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased. Conclusion: Lentiviral vectors carrying the HO-1 were successfully used to transduce mBMSCs. In our report, mBMSCs transferred with lentiviral vectors expressed strongerly immunoregulatory activities to alleviate aGVHD. Not only did HO-1 enhance that migration of mBMSCs, but also strengthen homing of MSCs. In vivo experiments, the evidence of survival rate, body weight, clinical score and pathological score fully proved that HO-1-transduced BMSCs effectively controlled the occurrence of mice9s aGVHD following allogeneic BM transplantation, and HO-1 may be a potential target to overcome aGVHD in vivo. Disclosures: Ma: National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research Funding. Li: National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research Funding. Fang: National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research Funding. Chen: National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research Funding. Sun: National Natural Science Foundation of China: Research Funding.


The AlAs/GaAs fractional superlattice in an AlGaAs/GaAs modulation‐doped structure, which is used for quantum wire transistors and electron wave interference transistors, is investigated from the viewpoint of the electronic state. A threshold voltage (Vth) difference of 0.27 V between the quantum wire and electron wave interference transistor indicates a periodic potential amplitude of 10 meV. Vth of both these transistors and the flatband voltage (Vfb) calculated from the gate capacitance are obtained at various temperatures between 4.2 and 100 K. The density of states (DOS) is determined from the temperature dependence for Vth of both transistors and Vfb. A DOS below the bottom of the well in the periodic potential is one dimensional, but a DOS between the bottom of the well and the top of the barrier in the periodic potential is two dimensional.


The genera Nilus O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876, Sphedanus Thorell 1877 and Dendrolycosa Doleschall 1859 are revised. Nilus is recognised as junior synonym of Thalassius Simon 1885; accordingly all species previously placed in Thalassius including nomina dubia are transferred to Nilus. Nilus curtus O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876 is recognised as senior synonym of Thalassius spinosissimus Karsch 1879. Nilus decoratus (Patel & Reddy) comb. nov. from India is transferred from Pisaura Simon 1885. Nilus amazonicus Simon 1898 from Brazil is transferred to the genus Architis Simon 1898: Architis amazonica (Simon 1898) comb. nov. Nilus oblongus Pavesi 1897 from Ethiopia and N. marginatus (Simon 1888) from the Andaman Islands are considered nomina dubia. Sphedanus Thorell 1877 is removed from the synonymy with Nilus and recognised as a senior synonym of Eurychoera Thorell 1897. The type species, S. undatus Thorell 1877, is redecribed and its copulatory organs are illustrated for the first time. Two species previously placed in the genus Eurychoera are transferred: Sphedanus banna (Zhang, Zhu & Song 2004) comb. nov. and Sphedanus quadrimaculatus (Thorell 1897) comb. nov. Campostichommides Strand 1911 and Dianpisaura Zhang, Zhu & Song 2004 are recognised as junior synonyms of Dendrolycosa. Nilus lanceolatus Simon 1898 and Pisaura lizhii Zhang 2000 are proposed as junior synonyms of Dendrolycosa robusta Thorell 1895. Four species are described as new: D. bairdi spec. nov. from Laos (male, female), D. duckitti spec. nov. from Laos (male, female), D. sierwaldae spec. nov. from New Guinea (female) and D. yuka spec. nov. from Australia (female). Eight species previously placed in the genera Nilus, Campostichommides Strand 1911, Pisaura Simon 1885 and Dianpisaura Zhang, Zhu & Song 2004, respectively are transferred to Dendrolycosa: D. ornata (Berland 1924) comb. nov. from New Caledonia, D. spadicaria (Simon 1897) comb. nov. from India (nomen dubium), D. bobbiliensis (Reddy & Patel 1993) comb. nov. from India, D. gitae (Tikader 1970) comb. nov. from India, D. inquirenda (Strand 1911) comb. nov. nomen dubium from Indonesia, D. parangbusta (Barrion & Litsinger 1995) comb. nov. from Philippines, D. putiana (Barrion & Litsinger 1995) comb. nov. from Philippines, D. songi (Zhang 2000) comb. nov. from Yunnan, China. Dendrolycosa stauntoni Pocock 1900 is considered a nomen dubium. One species originally described in Dendrolycosa is transferred to the genus Hygropoda: H. gracilis (Thorell 1891) comb. nov. Two species previously placed in the genus Tinus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge 1901 are transferred to Hygropoda: H. sikkimus (Tikader 1970) comb. nov., H. chandrakantii (Reddy & Patel 1993) comb. nov.


There are many low‐temperature heat sources; however, current technologies for their utilization have a relatively low efficiency and high cost. The leading technology in the low‐temperature domain for heat‐to‐work conversion is the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Absorption power cycles (APCs) are a second option. Nearly all currently known APCs, most importantly the Kalina cycle, use a water‐ammonia mixture as their working fluids. This paper offers a theoretical exploration of the possibility of utilizing aqueous solutions of three salts (lithium bromide, lithium chloride and calcium chloride), known mainly from absorption cooling, as working fluids for APCs. The cycles are compared with a typical steam Rankine cycle, a water‐ammonia APC, and (subcritical) ORCs with a range of working fluids explored. The analysis includes a parasitic load for heat rejection by a cooling tower or air‐cooled condenser. The absorption cycles exhibit better performance than all Rankine‐based cycles analysed in temperatures below 120°C. For the LiBr‐based APC, a detailed thermal design of the cycle is provided for 100°C water as a heat source and a sensitivity analysis is performed of the parameters controlling the main cycle. Mechanical design considerations should not pose a problem for small power units, especially in the case of expansion machines, which are often problematic in ORCs. The salt‐based APCs also carry environmental benefits, as the salts utilized in the working fluids are non‐toxic. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Introduction: There is paucity of literature describing complex lateral condylar mass (LCM) fractures of the elbow in children, which we define as a LCM fracture occurring concurrently with another fracture or dislocation in the same elbow. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management, outcome and complication rate of 26 complex LCM fractures and to analyse difference in the outcome between the isolated and complex LCM fractures. Materials and methods: Between 1990 and 2005, we identified 26 complex LCM fractures in the departmental database (1% of 2502 elbow/humeral injuries). Information was collected from theatre-charts, casenotes and radiographs. The mean follow-up was 5.9 months (range, 6 weeks to 4 years). Results: These were complex because of their association with elbow dislocation (n=12; mean age 8.2 years), olecranon fracture (n=8; mean age 4.1 years) and medial condylar fracture (n=6; mean age 8 years). Nine were treated conservatively. The remaining 17 were fixed with K-wires (9), a screw (7) or both (1). A concomitant elbow dislocation was managed by closed reduction followed by open K-wiring or screw fixation of the LCM fracture. An associated olecranon fracture was treated non-operatively for minimally displaced fractures, although one needed internal fixation. All displaced T-condylar fractures required open reduction and internal fixation. There were no complications of non-union, mal-union, avascular necrosis, cubitus valgus or tardy ulnar palsy. Healing and return of normal function occurred in all, although six patients had minor loss of extension. Conclusion: We found no obvious difference in the outcome between the isolated displaced LCM fractures described in the literature and our complex LCM group. However the importance of careful assessment of the preoperative radiographs and testing of elbow stability by examination under anaesthesia is stressed.


MEDIA VACUUM ROOMS MULTI USED TO DONATE LEAF GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS MAY BE softened HEAT FORMS COMPLEX NEEDS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF EMPTY ROOMS IN VACUUM NEIGHBOR. COVERAGE 53 POROUS FIBER GLASS USED WITH SUCH MATERIALS VACUUM, GIVES RISE TO RESIDUAL AIR CROSSING BETWEEN NEIGHBORING ROOMS, MAKES THE LEVELS OF EMPTY TEND If EGALISER SHEET WHEN IS MAINTAINED AGAINST pOROUS COVER. THE INVENTION HELP MAINTAIN A DIFFERENCE IN LEVEL BETWEEN EMPTY ROOMS EMPTY NEIGHBOR, interposing SPACE NARROW IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE ATMOSPHERE BETWEEN ADJACENT ROOMS VACUUM SUPPORT MULTIPLE ROOMS A VACUUM.


A landmark was reached in the study of immediate hypersensitivity a year ago when a group of those who have been working in this field (Bennich et al. 1968) met at the WHO Immunoglobulin Reference Centre in Lausanne and decided that sufficient evidence was available to conclude that reaginic antibodies are associated with a new class of immunoglobulin to be designated 'IgE' or 'yE'. Before going on to describe recent immunochemical studies of these fascinating antibodies, I will outline briefly the historical background to their investigation. It is now almost fifty years since Prausnitz demonstrated that immediate hypersensitivity could be transmitted via a humoral factor present in the serum of his fishsensitive patient, Kustner (Prausnitz & Ktistner 1921). The importance of this fundamental observation cannot be overrated. Besides suggesting, for the first time, that circulating antibody might be involved in the mediation of human allergies of the hay fever type, it pointed to a more objective method of studying immediate hypersensitivity reactions free from any influence of the allergic individual himself. Until recently, however, progress in the isolation and characterization of reaginic antibodies has been frustratingly slow, for two main reasons: (1) The extremely low level of these substances in allergic individuals' sera. (2) The inappropriateness for assay of reagin activity of conventional in vitro and in vivo methods of measuring antibody-antigen combination. For many years there was doubt that the human skin sensitizing factor was an antibody and the practice (originated by Coca & Grove 1925) of referring to it by the non-committal term 'reagin' was adopted by most investigators. The holding of this meeting today marks the beginning of the replacement of this term by the more definitive term 'IgE antibody'. As is now well known, reagins were found to possess several characteristics which distinguish them from conventional precipitating antibodies. Foremost amongst these is their ability to bind strongly to normal human skin, where they persist for several weeks. Introduction of allergen into transfer sites evokes the familiar weal and flare response. Measurement of the area of the cedema, after tracing its outline on to transparent sheeting, provides a quantitative assessment of the amount of antibody evoking the reaction. In this way, for example, the time period for optimum sensitization has been shown to be around 50 hours in normal human skin (Stanworth & Kuhns 1965). The main biological and physicochemical properties of reagins are as follows:


Bioremediation applied as a recover technique for soils contaminated by heavy metals is a tool with potential under development torecuperate soils damaged by mining activities in Mexico. The aim of this study was to compile information related to the differentmethods of bioremediation of heavy metals in soils in Mexico, which can later be applied to degraded soils contaminated by miningactivities. To achieve this, a documental search was carried out for mexican scientific papers published between 2000 and 2020 inseveral databases, using keywords in Spanish and English. A total of 52 experimental papers were registered in 15 of the states,among which bioremediation techniques that involve the individual or conjugated use of plants, bacteria and fungi were the moststudied. Within these, the use of plants, also called phytoremediation, was the method of interest among authors.


In the present study, antidepressant-like activity of ethanol extract of leaves of Caesalpinia pulcherrima was evaluated in Swiss young male albino mice. Stress was induced in mice by subjecting them to unpredictable mild stress for 21 successive days. Ethanol extract of the leaves (100, 200 and 400 mg/ kg, p.o.) and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered for 21 consecutive days to separate groups of unstressed and stressed mice. Ethanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) and fluoxetine significantly decreased immobility period of unstressed as well as stressed mice in tail suspension test (TST). However, the lowest dose (100 mg/kg) of the extract also significantly decreased immobility period of stressed mice in TST. The extract significantly restored reduced sucrose preference in stressed mice. There was no significant effect on locomotor activity of mice. Ethanol extract of the leaves significantly decreased plasma nitrite and corticosterone levels; brain MAO-A activity and MDA level; and increased brain reduced glutathione and catalase activity in unstressed as well as stressed mice as compared to their respective vehicle treated controls. Thus, ethanol extract of leaves of Caesalpinia pulcherrima showed significant antidepressant-like activity in unstressed and stressed mice probably through inhibition of brain MAO-Aactivity, reduction of oxidative stress and plasma corticosterone levels.


Management and estate development often become polemic and is an important issue among the people, especially the Muslims. This is because it involves the death and distribution of the estate so that there will be problems especially the fate of each other. Various cases arising from the division of the estate have been featured in newspapers, television and social media. This is evidence that this case is the highest case recorded. Efficient and effective management and allocation of estate through its own institution or heritage is very important. This will not only benefit the society but also to the nation in order to achieve its progress and to develop a fastpaced economy with other developed countries. This article was written to re-define the concepts, goals and benefits when studying Faraid's knowledge. In addition, it also seeks to understand the concept of problems that often occur in the process of management and distribution of the estate, namely Munasakhat which means layered death and also Takharuj the heir who withdraws from receiving the inheritance that is entitled to it. To facilitate this study, qualitative research has been used. In addition, this study also uses more research and descriptive methods. The collection of data used is through the collection of information from the library. Finally, data is analyzed using content analysis. The findings show that the issues highlighted in this discussion are often the reason for deferring the process of management and allocation of the estate. Understanding the concepts, goals and benefits of learning it will hopefully be the guide to the community in resolving the cases of inheritance so there is no longer a postponement of the estate.


State water quality regulatory agencies need to prioritize water bodies for program actions so that agency workload can be determined and resources allocated in order to achieve positive environmental results. A personal computer (80286) based water quality assessment and management system is presented for this purpose.


The regional election in Taiwan would exert a negative influence on its political situation and its relationship with the mainland and with US. The election has torn ethnic groups apart, and aroused antagonism among them. Moreover, ?3·19 shooting ?is likely to ignite a growing interference with political scene from violence, which will worsen the situation in Taiwan region. Chen Shuibian抯 success in maintaining his position indicates that he will continue his gradual independence policy, which will undermine the 揙ne China?Principle well-recognized by international community, making it hard to improve its relationship with the mainland. The political scene in Taiwan region is clouded by the election lawsuit which is still pending.


The present invention discloses a method for playing media data, and a terminal apparatus, which belongs to the field of information technology process. The method comprises: acquiring a first instruction of the first identification on the interactive interface of the social application operation; obtaining a first identifier corresponding to the media interface on the link in accordance with a first instruction; obtaining the media data according to the media link; social application interface to play the acquired media data. After the present invention, the media data acquired according to the media link through acquiring a first media identifier corresponding to the link interface in accordance with a first instruction acquired, the acquired data in the interactive media player interface social application, eliminating the need by the social application interface jump to play media data of another application interface, reducing consumption of system resources and user's waiting time, improve the efficiency of the media play data; Further, no jumping operation, reduce the complexity of the media data playback, user-friendly to use.


In order to examine whether metal accumulation patterns are related to the maturity stages of tropical anguillid eels, two eel species, Anguilla marmorata and A. bicolor pacifica for both yellow (immature) and silver (mature) stages, were collected in the Ba River in Vietnam. The levels of nine trace metals in liver and muscle tissues were determined. The results indicated that the levels of Zn, which is an essential metal, in the tissues elevate with the gonadal maturation in both species. The other essential metals such as Cr, Co, Mn and Cu tended to be accumulated at higher levels in silver eels than in yellow eels; however, different levels of metal accumulations were observed between the species. Nonessential metals such as Cd and Pb in tissues exhibited no significant difference between the two stages of eels. Although the two species resided in the same river, the Hg levels in A. marmorata were found to be higher than that in A. bicolor. The results suggest the difference of metal accumulations between the eel species is dependent on the preferred food items and the maturity stages rather than ambient environment.


Classic Galactosemia is an inherited metabolic disease with life threatening symptoms in newborn. Nevertheless, early diagnosis can be managed the symptoms and mortality. The disease caused by a severe deficiency of the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase. Mutations in this gene can cause a defect in this enzyme. Identification of these mutations can play an important role in early diagnosis and disease management. It is necessary to perform galactosemia screening despite difficulties and complexities. This study identified 5 different pathogenic mutations on the GALT gene in the Azerbaijanian population with galactosemia. The identification of the mutations involved in the development of CG in the Azerbaijanian population can play an essential role inearly diagnosis and intervention. The GALT gene mutations identified in this study can be used as screening markers to identify Azerbaijanian children with CG.


Immiscible polymers are often blended together to create new materials with desired properties. Knowledge of the interfacial tension between the immiscible polymers is important when designing such blending processes. Traditional methods of measuring the interfacial tension between low molecular weight fluids, e.g., the pendant or sessile drop method, the Wilhelmy balance, and the spinning drop method, do not work well for molten polymers because their high viscosity requires unacceptably long times for equilibration. Therefore, "dynamic" methods, which use the kinetics of interfacial tension-driven motion to obtain the interfacial tension, have been devised for polymers.1-6 One such method, the imbedded fiber retraction method, is the subject of this paper. The purpose is to demonstrate that the Cohen and Carriere (CC) model1,2 that is commonly used to analyze fiber retraction experiments can cause large errors in interfacial tension, whereas an alternate analysis by Tjahjadi, Ottino, and Stone (TOS)7 gives reliable interfacial tension values. A notable feature of our experimental approach is that the fiber retraction experiments are benchmarked rigorously: we are able to measure the equilibrium interfacial tension in the same experiment as the fiber retraction.


With the evolution and popularization of games through the use of mobile devices, we find more and more young people involved in the game universe. At the same time, when this revolution happens in the world of the new generations, the school looks for possibilities to integrate new tools that can benefit the learning process and to follow the incessant social changes. In this context, we find several tools and media that can be used for this approach. Gamification can favor the learning of content in a fun and relaxed way.


The Conclusion sums up how studying Emmanuel Levinas and film in terms of style and performativity can expand our appreciation both of Levinas's ethics and of the work of these significant filmmakers. This study of a range of films directed by the Dardenne brothers, Barbet Schroeder and Paul Schrader helps open up the different ways in which film style can perform ethics. This opening-up shows that there is no such thing as a singular 'ethical style' or 'Levinasian style' and no such thing as a singular 'Levinasian topic'. Rather, the power and importance of Levinas's ethics can be detected and explored in a range of subject matter and performed through a range of film styles. This realisation paves the way for other studies into ethics, performativity and film.


Contents 1. Introduction 2. Photosynthetic processes of planktonic cells. 3. The ecological geography of productivity 4. Computation of global and regional productivity in the ocean. 5. What are the anticipated consequences of the response of phytoplankton as atmospheric carbon dioxide progressively increases? Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch


This paper draws upon a case study of education in the small Caribbean state of Saint Lucia (population 154,000) to examine how local knowledge and values can influence the education policy process. It is argued that recent research development initiatives have strengthened the ability of Saint Lucia to mediate international education agendas to suit its distinctive 'social ecology' and circumstances as a small state. Saint Lucians, it is argued, are reconceptualizing educational research in ways that better reflect the society's Kwéyòl‐majority culture, oral traditions and postcolonial context. The boundaries of educational research are therefore being stretched to incorporate local knowledge and values and multiple modes of meaning‐making. The paper argues that increased recognition of the epistemological issues and cultural values that are at the heart of efforts to strengthen research capacity can play a crucial role in democratizing the education policy process and educational research itself.


The aim of this research was the production of maize malt and the evaluation of its use for alcohol production. The maize grain was allowed to germinate at 20oC for five days. The amylolitic potential of malt was optimized through a Complete Factorial Planning 22 with three central points, where the study variables were the temperature of incubation and the substrate concentration [S]. The sacarification was performed through a Planning of Mixture with three central points, where the study variables were the malt concentration and [S] during six 6 hours. The fermentation was carried out using the best sacarification condition, in a five-liter reactor and a two-liter working volume. The pH was maintained at 4.5 - 5.0. The Brix was corrected to 14o. The sterile hydrolyzed product was inoculated with 5.0 g.L-1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The system was submitted to two hours of initial aeration (170 LO2.h-1) and kept at 30oC. During the fermentation process, analyses were made to determine the cell concentrations (g.L-1), reducing sugars (mg.mL-1), alcohol (g.L-1) and oBrix. The temperature of incubation and substrate concentration were significant factors (p<0.05) in the determination of the amylolytic potential under the conditions of study utilizing 20% of substrate and incubation at 70oC. The central experiments with 50% malt presented the best kinetic parameters with a volumetric rate of ethanol formation of 2.81 gethanol.L-1.h-1, which correspond to 8.0 oGL, and a substrate conversion in cells of 0.127gcells.gglucose-1 .


This study mainly aimed to evaluate the antibacterial impact of bacterial cellulose (BC) including dendrimer, chitosan, Henna, Green tea and Malva sylvestris in various bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The produced bacterial cellulose was evaluated by antimicrobial (AATCC 25923 and AATCC 27853), cytotoxicity, swelling, drug delivery, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. Antibacterial activity raised with increasing concentration of herbals and the most of antimicrobial effect belonged to G. tea. Cytotoxic test demonstrated that all of the samples did not have cytotoxic effect and viability percent for sample of BC with Henna, G. tea, and M. sylvestris extract were respectively 95.87%, 94.69% and 90.64%. Among the samples, the G. tea sample has the most swelling. In addition, delivery of the drug in water and phosphate buffer medium was the controlled release. Additionally, the most of the release related to the herbal drug Henna. SEM results showed BC with a highly porous three dimensional network structure. The considerable role of chitosan and dendrimer was evident in drug uptake and release. FTIR analysis demonstrated the presence of active groups in BC structure.


A 65‐year‐old woman with mutation of the ABCD1 gene for adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) was admitted to our hospital with a urinary tract infection. Abdominal computed tomography showed dilation of the urinary tract. Although she had noticed pollakisuria since her forties, she had not been followed up by any medical institutions until we diagnosed her as a female carrier with ALD. ALD is an X‐linked pattern of inheritance that typically affects males, but many female carriers actually present slowly progressive myelopathy and neuropathy. Therefore, it is important to identify female carriers with ALD and treat them at the earliest stage possible.


The aim of this article is to examine image transformation among tourists in regard to Mazu pilgrimage tourism in Taiwan. The focus is on examining the transformation in organic, induced and complex image dimensions targeting tourists; this study adopts one factor within-subjects ANOVA and systematic sampling as the methodology. A total of 297 samples studied shows that tourists exhibit significant differences in relation to the formation of 33 organic, induced and complex image items of Mazu pilgrimage. A summary of differential trends shows that tourists' perception of unique images (such as the 10 major ceremonies) is enhanced with information stimulation and tourists' actual visitation. Furthermore, tourism information stimulation has a significant effect on "psychological–common–individual attribute" images.


The structure and property of inside welding three wires welding unit is introduced.It points out that to improve the unit shall solve it by strengthening the rigidity of body,increasing welding head position adjusting machine and recognizing the measurement of welding geometry parameter,etc.through analysis to unit key part structure test.


The challenge in physical property characterization is to develop physical tests that can satisfactorily characterize key asphalt binder parameters and how these parameters change throughout the life of an HMA pavement. In India, the methods for rheological characterization of bituminous binders are inadequate to characterize the bitumen. Hence a complete rheological study and characterization of bitumen using dynamic shear rheometer would be helpful. Also there is limited insight about the chemistry of modified bitumen. Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), a plastomer; Linear Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS), an elastomer, and Crumb Rubber (CR) were used in the present study. The changes in rheological and chemical properties of 60/70 and 80/100 grades bitumen modified with different percentage of CR, EVA and SBS (2 to 8 per cent) were studied. The rheological properties of the bituminous binders, in terms of their complex modulus (G*), stiffness and overall resistance to deformation, storage modulus (G*), binder elasticity, loss modulus (G"), viscous behaviour and phase angle (ϐ), viscoelastic behaviour were measured. Testing was performed at temperatures ranging from 46°C to 82°C in increments of 6°C at a frequency of 10 rad/sec. The chemistry was studied using infrared spectroscopy.


The modelling of a real world system requires a description of the changes which occur in it in response to well defined events. In this paper, these dynamic aspects are investigated. After a reviewing of the literature on the notion of event, a formalism suitable for describing events is proposed and the use of such a formalism in the frame of data base applications design methodology is shown.


1. Thompson PA, Lade S, Webster H, Ryan G, Prince HM. Effusion-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the breast: time for it to be defined as a distinct clinico-pathological entity. Haematologica 2010; 95; 1977–1979. 2. Keech JA Jr, Creech BJ. Anaplastic T-cell lymphoma in proximity to a saline-filled breast implant. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1997; 100; 554–555. 3. Miranda RN, Aladily TN, Prince HM et al. Breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: long-term follow-up of 60 patients. J. Clin. Oncol. 2014; 32; 114–120. 4. US Food and Drug Administration. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in women with breast implants: preliminary FDA findings and analyses. Available at: http://www.Fda.Gov/ medicaldevices/productsandmedicalprocedures/implantsandprosthetics/breastimplants/ucm239996.Htm. Accessed January 2011. 5. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA medical device safety communication: reports of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in women with breast implants. Available at: http:// www.Fda.Gov/medicaldevices/safety/alertsandnotices/ucm2400 00.Htm. 2011. 6. Kenkel JM. Discussion. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma and breast implants: a systematic review. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2011; 127; 2151–2153. 7. Roden AC, Macon WR, Keeney GL, Myers JL, Feldman AL, Dogan A. Seroma-associated primary anaplastic large-cell lymphoma adjacent to breast implants: an indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Mod. Pathol. 2008; 21; 455–463. 8. de Jong D, Vasmel WL, de Boer JP et al. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in women with breast implants. JAMA 2008; 300; 2030–2035. 9. Lechner MG, Megiel C, Church CH et al. Survival signals and targets for therapy in breast implant-associated ALK–anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 2012; 18; 4549–4559. 10. Loong F, Chan AC, Ho BC et al. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation as an incidental finding and new clinical scenarios. Mod. Pathol. 2010; 23; 493–501.


We show the relationship between the Uniform Allocation Rule for solving the division problem with single-peaked preferences studied by Sprumont (1991) and the Nucleolus of its associated cooperative game a la Aumann and Maschler. Financial support by the Instituto de Estudios Fiscales and by the DGICYT grant PB92-0590 from the Spanish Ministry of Education is acknowledged.


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fluid velocity and the distance between zig zagfilters on the cooling tower by varying the distance between zig zag foam bio filters. In this study using bio filterfoam material in the form of zig zg by using wire mesh where the tested distance is 5cm, 10cm, and also 15cm. Thenthe water is heated using a heater until it reaches a temperature of 40ºC and then the water is flowed up with a pipeusing a pump and released using a nozzle, then the hot water will go down to the reservoir by passing the bio filterfoam filter that has been installed with a distance of 5cm , 10cm and 15cm. Where there is also a disposal valve thatis done that is closed and faucets are also open ½ and fully open. Good cooling value is indicated by good results oncooling or also cooling faster which is 5cm which results in an average cooling value of 36.53 ºC when the exhaustvalve is fully open, while the value is not good or less optimal cooling it is shown when the drain valve is closed at azig zag distance of 10cm and also 15cm which yields 37.60 ºC data at a zig zag distance of 15cm.


The out-of-plane rendezvous of two finite-thrust spacecraft is investigated.Both vehicles are active and provide thrust to complete the rendezvous.The necessary condition of the optimum control for cooperative finite-thrust rendezvous is discussed,and direct collocation with sequential quadratic programming method is used to obtain cooperative rendezvous solutions in an inverse square gravitational field.Minimum-fuel consumption rendezvous and fuel constrained minimum-time rendezvous are considered.Compared with optimal active-passive solutions,optimal cooperative rendezvous solutions has the advantage of the decrease of total fuel or time consumption evidently.


of master's thesis II Author: Severi Siitonen Title of thesis: Drivers of Internationalization Strategies for Digital Education Startups Master's programme: Industrial Engineering and Management Thesis supervisor: Mikko Jääskeläinen, Assistant Professor Major or Minor/Code: SCI3050 Thesis advisor(s): Simo Veistola, PhD, MBA Date: 3.7.2017 Number of pages: 7 + 87 Language: English Abstract: As well as many other industries, education is currently being disrupted by new emerging digital solutions. Teachers all around the world are adopting new digital materials to their everyday teaching including digital books and educational games. This recent trend engenders opportunity for new companies to emerge with cutting-edge digital educational solutions. Furthermore, with a digital solution expansion to international markets without heavy investments is possible. However, for example in Finland only few companies have been able to successfully enter new markets with educational technology. As well as many other industries, education is currently being disrupted by new emerging digital solutions. Teachers all around the world are adopting new digital materials to their everyday teaching including digital books and educational games. This recent trend engenders opportunity for new companies to emerge with cutting-edge digital educational solutions. Furthermore, with a digital solution expansion to international markets without heavy investments is possible. However, for example in Finland only few companies have been able to successfully enter new markets with educational technology. Internationalization strategies have been widely studied during the past few decades. The early studies already identified a set of different market entry modes including export, licensing, franchising, joint ventures and wholly-owned subsidiaries. However, for small resource-limited companies, export is the most viable option. Export allows company to maintain the full control of the process and product without making heavy investments on the internationalization. The export performance framework shows that the export strategy is depending on both internal (company resources) and external factors (country and industry characteristics). More recent studies have also identified alternative entry modes such as cooperative strategies and innovative use of internet. However, the previous literature has not studied this topic purely in education industry and therefore does not provide detailed knowledge for startups planning international expansion in digital education industry. The aim of this study is to identify key determinants for market entry strategy selection for startups in digital education, and identify different strategies for addressing the major challenges in the digital education markets. To study this topic, 15 interviews were carried out to both experts of internationalization of digital education and companies that are pursuing international expansion with digital educational solutions. The data analysis followed Gioia methodology (Gioia, Corley, & Hamilton, 2012), in which 1st-order terms are identified first, and then the 2nd-order themes are established accordingly. The findings revealed several market-level factors that drive the market entry strategy selection. These factors were related to cultural and regulatory differences, trust and reliability, different customer types and customer needs. In addition, the findings showed several strategies how companies can address the challenges related to the above marketlevel factors. Therefore, this study provides managers of startups with insights of digital education markets as well as a toolkit for addressing the market-level challenges in digital education.


The invention relates to a catalyst for synthesis of allantoin by the reaction of glyoxylic acid and urea and a corresponding reaction process. The catalyst is the solid acid catalyst and takes one or the combination of more of oxides and molecular sieves of IVB to VIB elements as a carrier, or a complex which is composed of one or the combination of more of the oxides and the molecular sieves of IVB to VIB elements and one or the combination of more of the oxides of IB, IIB, VIIB, VIIIB and rare earth element as the carrier, and the carrier is carried out the impregnation supporting, the drying and the calcination by using inorganic strong acid or ammonium salt solution thereof for the preparation. The use of the catalyst can synthesize an allantoin product by one-step reaction of the glyoxylic acid and the urea in an atmospheric pressure tank reactor. The catalyst of the invention has the advantages of high activity and stability, recyclable property, no corrosion of the device and environmental pollution, etc. The synthesis reaction process of the allantoin has the advantages of simple process, less using amount of the catalyst, short reaction time and high yield of the allantoin, etc.


The production of youth homelessness the governance of youth homelessness survivalism and homelessness survivalism, homelessness, crime and citizenship appendix - ages and place of interview of the young people in the three cities project.


We present an investigation of the impact of stability in a coastal environment's wind resource estimate. The site, near Cape Hatteras, is interesting because of its proximity to an open sound condition to the north and west, as well as its oceanic boundary to the south and east. Early exploration of wind profiles collected during 2012-2014 from the surface to 200 m with a Scintec XFAS SODAR wind profiler revealed distinct characteristics unique to winds coming from the sound, as compared to those coming from the ocean. "Steady-state" cases were defined in order to examine time periods where the winds might be more readily compared with simple theory. While wind profile cases from the sound exhibited low level shear that reached a constant wind speed within instrument height, the oceanic profiles were characterized by shears higher in both magnitude and elevation that had not yet reached their maximum at 200 m. Although this feature of the oceanic profiles is typical of a stably stratified wind regime, further study of the environmental conditions affecting each case was necessary to determine the specific impact of the stability on the profiles. An aggregation of ancillary data was collected, including surface sea and air temperature, surface humidity, and vertically-distributed air temperature and humidity from surrounding airports, meteorological stations and ocean buoys. The COARE algorithm was utilized to calculate a Monin-Obukhov Similarity (MOS) scaling parameter, L, a stability parameter appended to a neutral logarithmic layer. An internal boundary layer algorithm is used to determine the height over which the MOS theory should reproduce the structure of the wind profiles. The nested boundary layers identified include those created by changes in roughness as well as those induced by thermal effects of the sea and land surface. Upwind topography and local aerodynamic roughness length values are used to assess the impact of roughness on the measured wind profiles, and the height to which this impact should remain significant. The high shear at low altitude observed in the sound cases is mostly explained by this process. After controlling for roughness induced shear, thermal effects will be integrated. The level of stability or instability gleaned from the sign and magnitude of L will be used to assess the differences in wind profile structure across the sound and ocean cases identified, and the seasonal changes associated with both. This work is part of a larger effort to improve upon the wind resource estimate off the Outer Banks of North Carolina. The results will be incorporated into the larger scale study of wind energy in order to adjust for the effects of atmospheric stability in this dynamic region.


Ever since Marianne Weber published her book on Max Weber's life, we have been waiting for the definitive biography of him – one which would not only be complete, but accurate and honest. Gangolf Hübinger would seem the right person to write such a biography: Hübinger was Wilhelm Mommsen's co-editor for the first volume of the Max Weber Gesamtausgabe and has been heavily involved as one of the main editors of the series. In addition, he is a major editor of the Ernst Troeltsch Kritische Gesamtausgabe and has edited some of those volumes. Finally, Hübinger is a historian who has specialized in the intellectual history of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. However, his Max Weber. Stationen und Impulse einer intellektuellen Biographie is not the definitive Weber biography, but he does not claim that it is. While Hübinger uses the term "biography" in the subtitle, his book is a collection of 21 essays on various aspects of Weber's life and work. While this book is not the definitive biography, each of the essays definitely contribute to a richer and more complete understanding of Weber. Hübinger chooses to locate Weber within the critical context around 1900, the time in which he believes contained most of the notable catalysts of the twentieth century. As it is an impossible task to discuss all of the essays in the space of this review, I have chosen the one from each of the five sections that I think is the most informative and relevant. A noteworthy chapter in Part I is "Das Jahre 1913 im Zeitalter neuer Wissensordnungen" which is an account of the movement in 1913 toward a more modern type of encyclopedia. Hübinger helpfully places Weber's Grundrisse alongside Paul Hinneberg's Kultur der Gegenwart and Mohr-Siebeck's Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart. However, "Die Sprache der 'Wirklichkeitswissenschaft'" is even better because it concentrates solely on Weber and is a penetrating analysis of his use of language. Hübinger notes that few scholars have investigated Weber's scholarly language and he argues that it is fundamental to what he sought to achieve. Weber intended to replace the "everyday" "common sense" approach of the historians with a more precise conceptual method, but he also wished to avoid "naturalistic collective concepts" (pp. 74, 78–79). 878003 JCS0010.1177/1468795X19878003Journal of Classical SociologyBook review book-review2019


The current dismounted soldier and the soldier of the future will be "loaded" with more information processing tasks while they perform shooting tasks. It is conceivable that some increased level of cognitive tasking may be performed simultaneously with required shooting tasks. The effect of cognitive load on shooting performance has been previously examined (Scribner and Harper, 2001). This study concentrated on the effect of various cognitive workload demands on a friend-foe discrimination shooting task in a singleand dual-task scenario. In light of this, it is imperative that the soldier not be overburdened mentally, which may result in decreased survivability and lethality. Specifically, this study was designed to examine the ability of the soldier to perform friend-foe target discrimination and shooting accuracy, with varying target exposure times, friendly target signatures, and varying cognitive load demands (working memory recall task). Using the Small Arms Simulator Testbed (SAST) we examined the effects of manipulations of working memory load and sustained information transfer, on shooting performance (as measured by target acquisition and friend/foe discrimination indices). Additionally, we investigated subjective measures of workload and stress. A secondary task, administered aurally, was given to subjects to attend to while they performed shooting (friend/foe discrimination task) scenarios: working memory recall task. Each type of task consisted of three levels of difficulty. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for the memory recall task during shooting and non-shooting conditions. Furthermore, results showed that workload increased as a function of task demand, with associated decreases in shooting performance.


Objective To explore the feasibility and efficacy of the selective portal vein embolization (SPVE) before radiofrequency ablation(RFA) for liver tumor large than 3 cm.Methods 63 patients with 63 liver tumor (>3 cm) located in single liver segment completely or mostly underwent RFA.21 patients (21 lesions) were randomly assigned to receive SPVE before ablation (SPVE + RFA group),other 42 patients were treated with RFA only (RFA group).The complications and treat results of two groups were collected and compared.Results SPVE were achieved in 20 of 21 patients,and no critical complication were happened in both group.During a observation period of median 14.2 months,local tumor progression were observed in 17 of 42 patients (40.5%) in RFA group and in 3 of 20 patients (15.0%) in SPVE+ RFA group,there were significant difference between two groups(P =0.043).Conclusions SPVE can safely and effectively improve the efficacy of RFA for the liver tumors which large than 3 cm and located in single liver segment.

Key words:
Ultrasonography;  Liver neoplasms;  Portal vein;  Embolization, therapeutic;  Catheter ablation


In order to solve the problems existing in the testing method of fabric drape,a new method based on image processing technology was introduced.Compared with the conventional drape tester,the drape tester based on image processing technology had many advantages.The image processing for drape testing was discussed in three aspects,the image pre-processing,analysis of the draped fabric image profile and extraction of the drape parameters in this paper.Finally,shape photos of fabric drape were taken and processed by the computer,and a set of parameters on fabric drape was obtained,so as to provide a new method for fabric drapability evaluation and further study.


We study the stochastic dynamics of the Hindmarsh–Rose model of neuronal activity in the parametrical zone close to the Neimark–Sacker bifurcation. We show that in this zone, random disturbances transform the tonic spiking dynamic regime into the bursting one. This stochastic phenomenon is confirmed by the approximations of the probability density functions for the distribution of random trajectories as well as the interspike intervals statistics. For a quantitative analysis of the noise-induced bursting, we suggest and effectively apply a constructive approach based on the stochastic sensitivity function technique and the method of confidence domains.