Abstract. The kinetic parameters of plasma triglyceride metabolism were determined in 14 adult subjects with the nephrotic syndrome by endogenous labelling of circulating triglyceride with tritiated glycerol. The triglyceride production (turnover) rate and the apparent Km of removal were calculated from the slope of the radioactivity disappearance curve and compared to a normal control material studied previously. Plotting of the individual data in a log scale of triglyceride concentration versus turnover with the normal area and saturation curves in the background allowed a detailed characterization of the nature of kinetic alterations occurring in disease. It was found that in the majority of cases with the nephrotic syndrome the plasma triglyceride concentration and rate of influx are slightly above normal. However, the apparent Km of removal was significantly increased suggesting that efflux may also be somewhat impaired. In four cases the plasma triglyceride was produced at a rate which exceeded the value predicted by the normal saturation curves and it is believed that an uncontrolled overproduction of plasma triglyceride was present in these cases.—Complete remission of disease in one case brought both triglyceride concentration and turnover rate rapidly to normal values. An eight‐hour infusion of human serum albumin in another patient promptly caused a return of high triglyceride turnover to normal.— The primary change behind the nephrotic hypertriglyceridaemia seems to be a controlled increase of plasma triglyceride synthesis. In some cases, however, this overproduction occurs in an uncontrolled fashion and in a number of patients decrease of removal efficiency contributes to the development of hyperglyceridaemia. All of these changes can be explained on the basis of an increased FFA/albumin molar ratio in plasma giving rise to the elevation of unbound FFA fraction.


This paper considers the changing relationship between economic prosperity and Australian suburbs, noting that what has been termed "the first suburban nation" in experiencing an intensification of suburban growth in the 2000s, in the context of economic globalization. The paper reports on a three-year Australian Research Council funded project into "Creative Suburbia", identifying the significant percentage of the creative industries workforce who live in suburban areas. Drawing on case studies from suburbs in the Australian cities of Brisbane and Melbourne, it notes the contrasts between the experience of these workers, who are generally positive towards suburban life, and the underlying assumptions of "creative cities" policy discourse that such workers prefer to be concentrated in high density inner urban creative clusters.


Superconductivity in the copper oxide ceramics stands as a grand challenge problem as its solution is fundamentally rooted in the physics of strong coupling. In such problems, traditional calculational schemes based on the properties of single particles fail. Rather, the physics of strong coupling


Abstract An overview of strangeness nuclear physics is given, focussing on spin dependent effects in Λ hypernuclei, on the ΛN → NN weak interaction in Λ hypernuclei, on the density dependence of the Σ nuclear potential and on double strangeness physics. A special emphasis is placed on the recent proposal to study experimentally Ξ − atoms.


Objective To promote the informatization of medical engineering department and standardize hospital medical equipment maintenance management flow.Methods Network data dynamic exchange technique,multimedia picture text management technique and multilayer B/S structure based on.NET technology were involved in.Results A medical equipment maintenance management platform was developed based on hospital LAN.Conclusion The monitoring of maintenance status and the dynamic information management of service and attendance are realized.


In this paper the optimal conditions for formalinizing human serum is reported. The mixture of diluted serum 0.3 ml with 0.2 ml of 2.2 M formalin is incubated at 37℃ for 5 min. Laurell rocket immunoelectrophoresis of treated samples is carried out at 250 V for 150 min. on a 1% agarose gel plate containing 1.4% of rabbit antiserum specific against human IgG. Sharp peaks can be observed after electrophoresis and dyestaining. The heights of the peaks are proportional to IgG concentrations. The results obtained are in good agreement with that by Mancini method. This method possesses the merits of sensitivity, rapidity and reproducibility.


Changing or replenishing the oil in an engine influences the accuracy of oil monitoring. An online visual ferrograph (OLVF) was used to monitor engine wear in this study. The variation in the debris concentration in an engine lubrication system was studied, and its equilibrium concentration of debris was determined to correct the data acquired using an OLVF after fresh oil was added to the system. This correction made the monitoring data of OLVF continuous, thereby enabling the raw data collected before and after oil replenishment to be compared. Changing the oil caused an interruption in the raw data. By combining different prediction modes, a comprehensive trend prediction framework was constructed to correct the data acquired after the engine's oil was changed. Thus, the data acquired before and after the oil change could be analysed and compared. In addition, the engine's whole wear trends could be observed. This correction strategy could also be used to assess the engine's health and to predict its degradation trend.


The reactions of NaBH4 with Co(II) compounds in the presence of triphenylphosphine (P) have been studied in ethanol and benzene solutions. The conditions for the isolation of the Co(I) complexes, C...


'Searching for Answers When Normality Fails: Tragedies and Hopes' is a collection of papers presented at different fora by the author. It deals with several social problems emanating from information management, democracy and sustainability, child-trafficking and labour, leadership and responsibility in e-age, work ethics, and student morality. In the book, the author approaches issues with amazing critical analysis. Aware of the power of discourse, the book, for instance, while handling information management draws attention to the truth-telling responsibility of the media and calls for a balance between truth and prudence, speed and accuracy, sincerity and fairness in e-age. Next, the book explains why democracy in Africa and some nations lends itself to corruption, bitterness, anarchy and violence. Thirdly, it exposes the irony where some of those who wage war against child trafficking and labour advertently or inadvertently promote them. Again, it condemns Church industry in Africa for selling Jesus at a discount and frowns at poor work ethics in public offices. It ends with a call for matriotism in Nigeria. This book elicits intellectual admiration.


The invention discloses a bed pedestal pan which comprises a support device, a pedestal pan body and a moving device, wherein both the support device and the pedestal pan body are arranged on the moving device; the support device is positioned on one side of the pedestal pan body. When the bed pedestal pan is in use, a defecating outlet is required to be formed in a nursing bed; when a patient does not need to defecate, the support device is positioned in the defecating outlet to support the hip, of the patient, positioned on the defecating outlet, so that the patient seems to lie on a normal nursing bed; when the patient needs to defecate, particularly shit, the support device is moved to another position through the moving device to show the defecating outlet; meanwhile, the pedestal pan body is moved below the defecating outlet through the moving device, so that the patient can defecate without moving.


This paper provides an assessment of Sudan's structural adjustment efforts during the 1980s and the impact of such efforts on the country's economic performance and poor groups. Its analysis indicates that the unsatisfactory performance of the Sudanese economy during the 1980s was largely due to insufficient and, sometimes, inapproriate policies. Poor economic performance, combined with adverse terms of trade and high rates of population growth, resulted in significant losses in per capita real incomes, thus further intensifying Sudan's urban and rural social distress. This points to the urgent need for a consistent poverty focus in economic policy formulation so as to effectively address the plight of Sudan's poor in future adjustment programs. To this end, the paper outlines some key priority areas for policy action.


In a method for the simultaneous generation of several real-time controllable aerial diagrams, an aerial, which consists of several directly-radiating active microwave emitters, is used and the microwave emitters are operated by an optical beam-forming network. The method enables several real-time controllable aerial lobes to be generated. Neither the transmitter system, nor, in particular, the receiver system, are made up of microwave components, but with optical and electro-optical components. For this reason, the arrangement is compact and light.


Water resources are the key link within the unique landscape of the Jiuzhaigou World Natural Heritage Site. However, the earthquake on 8 August 2017 induced serious damage to the ecosystem of the Jiuzhaigou region. Water resource quantity was threatened by the direct destruction of the connectivity between the upstream and downstream river systems, whereas water quality and the original aquatic ecosystem were worsened indirectly by secondary disasters, such as landslides and debris flows triggered by earthquakes. It is urgent to protect water resources to maintain a healthy aquatic ecosystem for the Jiuzhaigou World Natural Heritage Site. Therefore, water resource protection strategies are developed by collaboratively considering water quantity, quality and aquatic ecology, including 1) studying the relationship between upstream and downstream in terms of water supply and connectivity, 2) developing emergency plans for extreme precipitation disasters and ecological water regulation schemes for extreme drought, 3) clarifying the impact of vegetation management measures on water conservation, nutrient cycling and water quality, 4) separating the contributions of earthquakes from related disasters, hydrodynamic changes, and lake bank vegetation succession to lake swamping, 5) identifying the potential water pollution risk caused by ecological restoration projects, analyzing the sources of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and atmospheric acid deposits and developing control measures, and 6) systematically evaluating aquatic ecological health and determining water ecological protection and restoration measures. This review may provide critical viewpoints for conserving aquatic ecosystems, not only in the Jiuzhai World Natural Heritage Site but also in other global conserved aquatic parks.


Based on the Dongping Channel Bridge,two finite element models(FEMs) were established,i.e.a straight model neglecting the spatial shape of the curved deck and using straight geometry instead,and a curved model according to the original shape of the deck.Comparison between these two FEMs in both structural dynamical characteristics and seismic response was conducted to discuss the possibility of simplifying the seismic analytical model.Furthermore,applicability of the straight model was assessed through varying the central angle of the curved deck.The results show that the straight model will not cause unacceptable errors in main periods,mode characteristics and modal participating mass ratios.The time history analytical results obtained from the straight model are proved to be credible.Increase in the central angle will impair the applicability of the straight model.Error analysis tells that the straight model is sufficiently accurate in seismic analysis and can be applied in the practical seismic bridge design.


Integrin beta 6 (ITGB6) is one of the important integrin family proteins, required for viral entry in their respective host. The constitutive expression of ITGB6 was reported in cattle and sheep but not in buffalo. The present study is first of its kind to characterize the constitutive expression pattern of ITGB6 in the air pathways of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). In the present study, we characterized the constitutive expression pattern of ITGB6 in the air pathways of buffalo. Our data demonstrated that mRNA transcript and concentration of ITGB6 are significantly higher in tongue tissues compared to trachea, bronchi and lung. The study may highlight that oral mucosa of buffalo are enriched with integrin receptor genes, which are the target of certain viral entry site.


53 patients undergoing second trimester saline abortion were given either 20 units or 100 units of oxytocin per 500 ml of 5% dextrose solution 12 hours after saline instillation. Mean abortion time (30.67 hours, 20 units; 27.66 hours, 100 units) was 11-14 hours less than a control group of 26 patients who did not receive oxytocin (41.26 hours). The smaller dose is as effective as the larger dose and should prove safer for patients undergoing saline abortion.


This paper deals with the bifurcations of non-semi-simple eigenvalues at critical point of Hopf bifurcation to understand the dynamic behavior of the system. By using the Puiseux expansion, the expression of the bifurcation of non-semi-simple eigenvalues and the corresponding topological structure in the parameter space are obtained. The zero-order approximate solutions in the vicinity of the critical points at which the multiple Hopf bifurcation may occur are developed. A numerical example, the flutter problem of an airfoil in simplified model, is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method.


Cyber security is one of the most difficult and fast-growing concerns today's enterprises are focusing on. The practice of reducing potentially damaging and unknown events that pose a danger to cyber security is known as cyber security risk management. The Game Theoretic Approach is a popular cyber security risk or threat management strategy (GTA). This study provides a paradigm for cybersecurity risk or threat handling based on a game-theoretic approach to Fog computing, which will encourage proactive cyber risk management and improve cyber-operational efficiency/effectiveness. The method is written in such a way that the PyQt4 framework acts as a shield for the Fog server, performing inline packet inspection and logging any malicious packets to the console and a database on the server using Snort. The study proposes a Bayesian game model for risk management in the cyber domain.


The most celebrated and influential history of execution in England, V.A.C. Gatrell's The Hanging Tree (Oxford, 1994), uses a survey of execution rates to make two very striking and seemingly persuasive assertions. First, more people were being hanged in early nineteenth-century England than at any time since the early modern era; and second, that the end of capital punishment came far more suddenly than previous studies have recognized. This article acknowledges and extends the importance of Gatrell's first insight, while arguing that he nevertheless both understates the complexity of developments and overstates the suddenness with which both the letter and the practice of capital punishment were abandoned. It does so through a careful recalculation and analysis of execution rates at London's Old Bailey courthouse, where execution was practiced on a far larger scale than in any other jurisdiction in the Anglo-American world, and whose practice most profoundly shaped the perceptions of both critics and proponents of capital punishment alike.


The utility model relates to a grinder movement clamp, in particular to a grinder movement collet used for processing workpiece of a shaft and rotor. The new clamp is composed of a fixing block and a slide block. One end of the fixing block can be connected with one end of the slide block by adjusting the gap between the adjusting parts, and the other end of the fixing block can be fixedly connected with the other end of the slide block by adjusting the gap between the locking parts. Cooperative V shapes are provided between the fixing block and the slide block responding to the adjusting part and the locking part. The utility model can be used universally with the easy installation and clamping, which does not not damnify the workpiece as well as the utility model overcomes the problems that the workpieces with different diameters need clamps with different hole diameters and the workpiece can be easily scratched when the top of the bolt is working on the workpiece, which influences the processing quality of the workpiece.


A Dissertation submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science in Development Policy of Mzumbe University


We introduce an automatic technique for mapping onto a 3D triangle mesh, approximating the shape of a real 3D object, a high resolution texture synthesized from several pictures taken simultaneously by real cameras sur rounding the object. We create a texture atlas by first unwrapping the 3D mesh to form a set of 2D patches with no distortion (i.e., the angles and relative sizes of the 3D triangles are preserved in the atlas), and then mixing the color information from the input images, through another three steps: step no. 2 packs the 2D patches so that the bounding canvas of the set is as small as possible; step no. 3 assigns at most one triangle to each canvas pixel; finally, in step no. 4, the color of each pixel is calculated as a smoothly varying weighted average of the corresponding pixels from several input photographs. Our method is especially good for the creation of realistic 3D models without the need of having graphic artists retouch the texture.


This paper proposes a hand tracking and gesture algorithm for HCI (Human Computer Interaction) using real-time image sequence. The hand region is extracted the background subtraction technique and is surrounded by window. For the hand region segmentation the minimum window size was used with a blob labeling. Fingertip is defined as the point from which has the longest distance from the center point to outlines of the hand region using the convex hull. Once fingertip is detected, CAMshift (Continuously Adaptive Mean shift) is started for tracking a hand. We propose a more accurate tracking method to combine background subtraction and CAMshift. Experimental results show that the success rate of finger's grip detection reaches 96.77%.


We have utilised an in vitro model of angiogenesis to investigate the morphological changes which occur during the formation of a lumen in capillary tubes.


We address the question of writing a model that ---considering the doubly-periodic forcing induced by solar radiation and the laws of irradiance and conduction--- reproduces realistic annual and daily modulations of temperatures on the surface of a small region on Earth. The interest in such exercise on theoretical and numeric integration is twofold: the application of this model can give realistic projections of local climate evolution on Earth or on a chosen exoplanet; the creation of such model can shed some light on the effective exchanges of energy among the many actors of this system (atmosphere, water, soil,...). The presence of at least two different thermal reservoirs has as evident consequence the well known phenomenon of lag of seasons, and the less discussed lag of noons (delay in daily temperatures evolution with respect to daily solar radiation).
In this article, after describing the motivating phenomena, we develop a physical model, we apply it to many types of climatic zones on Earth, and we compare the results with real temperature data. We finally make some theoretical application to orbits with non zero eccentricity, more in line with actual extra-solar planetary systems.


An Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is a well-known theory in the information system area. This approach is employed to capture actors, heterogeneous networks, and power relations. In Indonesia, there is a presidential regulation number 95 of 2018 about electronic government system. This regulation set all of the e-government implementation in Indonesia, such as governance, management, information technology audit, the organizer, acceleration, monitoring, and evaluation. Many e-government research using ANT for a theoretical lens, however, there is limited research in Indonesia districts. Therefore, this research aims to apply ANT in eGovernment case studies in two districts in Indonesia. The first case study is conducted at a district of East Java in 2018 and the second one in a district of Lampung in 2019. Both cases have different social, economic, cultural, and political contexts, even though in one country, Indonesia. The first case study is an established district and another one is the new district. This research captures the global and local network actors as well as classifies their power over the e-government implementation in both cases. The results show that different contexts produce different results and achievements in e-Government implementation. The dominant factor in the e-Government success factor is the commitment of the district head. It has an impact on the strategy to implement e-Government.


(57) Abstract: The present invention provides a series of substituted benzimidazole useful for the treatment or prevention of excess accompanied state of neuropeptide Y. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more methods and these compounds using these substituted benzimidazoles as active ingredient.


Wetlands provide numerous ecosystem services supporting livelihoods of people around the world. However, in spite of these benefits, wetlands are continuously being degraded through over exploitation, poor management and other unsustainable uses. A major challenge on wetland development in Nigeria is how to raise awareness of, and provide guidance on, the importance of wetlands as providers of benefits to urban populations. This study assessed urban development and sustainable livelihoods of communities around Eleyele wetland in Ibadan, Oyo State. 240 respondents in three major communities around the wetland including Ijokodo, Eleyele and Apete were selected for this study. Also, indepth interviews and Focus Group Discussions were conducted in each on the communities. Findings revealed that almost all households surveyed derive benefits from the wetland. However, a wide range of human activities mostly resulting from urban encroachment have affected the wetland and caused their degradation hence negatively impacting the services provided by the wetland. The study recommends provision of alternative livelihoods for people living around the wetland. There is need to strengthen the implementation of existing laws and policies on wetland use, management and protection in the state and in the country as a whole so as to reduce the existing pressures on wetland use. GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 2, February 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 111 GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com


Space station intra-vehicular navigation elements design is a new research focus arising in the field of space station ergonomics, to improve astronauts' navigation ability in multi-module Space Station. The research progress of space station intra-vehicular navigation elements design was summarized and analyzed in this paper from three aspects: 3D interior configuration, interior design, and navigational aids. The derivation of space station intra-vehicular navigation elements design was introduced. After the method for navigation ability evaluation was discussed, research achievements on the effect of space station 3D interior configuration on human navigation ability were summarized, and research production and deficiency of space station interior design and navigational aids design for improvement of navigation ability were studied comprehensively. At last, the research directions in future were pointed out.


The effects of land uses and management activities (e.g. engineering projects) to the environment and society are becoming more evident even to lay people. This circumstance leads to a gradual difficulty to obtain a pacific implementation of engineering work that implies alteration on land use, due to public rejection. The paper focuses on the need to adopt measures to entail information and participation of the stakeholders in the decision-making process. This new procedure requires techniques usually used in quality planning and management and allows for the conjugation of social and ecological values as well the consideration of interdisciplinary knowledge within the decision making process. This work presents a revision, reflection of the available methodologies for this issue and proposes a methodology to develop and implement the decision-making process based on stakeholder participation.


The article describes diagnostic aspect of some clinical and psychosocial characteristics of patients with chronic pain syndrome from the viewpoint of the biopsychosocial model of pain Integrative approach for complex clinical picture: the actual chronic pain, affective and cognitive responses to pain, pain behaviour was emphasized in the paper.


One of the important rules of jurisprudence that has been considered by jurisprudents and lawyers is the Dar' (obviation) rule, which is referred to as "obviation of punishments in case of doubt". Although the Dar' rule is applied in hadd (Islamic punishable crime) offence, according to the provisions of the rule, in the cases where the occurrence of a crime or its assignment to the accused or deserving punishment is doubtful and suspicious, the crime and punishment should be ruled out according to this rule. Today, most jurisprudents consider other offences subject to the rule and believe that Hudud means all punishments. In this article, the results of the inclusion of the rule of Dar' in Qisas and its conversion into Diya is addressed


Dr Wittstein's valuable dictionary of the known constituents of vegetable substances has been translated into English by Baron von Miiller. It is divided into three parts. Part I., Division I., which occupies by far the largest portion of the book, consists of an alphabetical list of all the principles which have been extracted from plants ; their formula) when known ; the plants in which they occur; and a description of the method of extraction. The description is very short, but will suffice for those in the habit of preparing such substances. A brief description of the principle, its properties and reactions, is also given. In Division II. a list


The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies of the efficiency of the propagation of a pulsed electron beam through a mixture of gases: titanium tetrachloride and hydrogen, titanium tetrachloride and methane, titanium tetrachloride and oxygen. These substances are the initial reagents or products of plasma-chemical reactions of the synthesis process using pulsed electron beams. The energy distribution over the beam cross section is uniform, and the temperature decreases with distance from the geometric center. The efficiency of the process of dissipation of the energy of a pulsed electron beam during its passage through gas compositions has been studied depending on the energy of the beam electrons (350–450 keV). The studies were carried out on a test bench including a TEA-500 pulsed electron accelerator, a drift chamber, and a sectioned cut-off calorimeter with a beam charge control function. The research results are of practical importance and are the main ones in the technological processes of pulsed plasma-chemical synthesis of carbon-containing nanocomposites.


This paper proposes a method for human action classification by utilizing correlations between SURF based descriptors. This approach provides us a novel type of descriptor that can be used for action classification. The method proposed is tested using an SVM classification technique. For evaluation purposes, the KTH action recognition dataset, which is a standard benchmark for this area is used as it is one of the most well known and challenging dataset. The method proposed was able to successfully classify different action classes.


This article proposes a novel feature-extraction framework for inferring impression personality traits, emergent leadership skills, communicative competence, and hiring decisions. The proposed framework extracts multimodal features, describing each participant's nonverbal activities. It captures intermodal and interperson relationships in interactions and captures how the target interactor generates nonverbal behavior when other interactors also generate nonverbal behavior. The intermodal and interperson patterns are identified as frequent co-occurring events based on clustering from multimodal sequences. The proposed framework is applied to the SONVB corpus, which is an audiovisual dataset collected from dyadic job interviews, and the ELEA audiovisual data corpus, which is a dataset collected from group meetings. We evaluate the framework on a binary classification task involving 15 impression variables from the two data corpora. The experimental results show that the model trained with co-occurrence features is more accurate than previous models for 14 out of 15 traits.


Intrusion detection systems are an important tool for network security. Their efficiency can be improved by implementing Alert Correlation Systems. Such systems are aimed at identifying relationships between alerts themselves and between alert and properties of protected systems. One of the tasks of alert correlation systems is to identify groups of attackers. Solving this task allows to improve the accuracy of determining the threat level of malicious actors and to determine patterns of similarity between attacks. These improvements help in choosing response measures and forensic investigation. To date, there is no universal dataset suitable for testing the effectiveness of any method related to intrusion detection systems, and the most appropriate dataset for the task of attacker group identification has not been selected. The paper considers the existing approaches to the formation of requirements for datasets for use in intrusion detection tasks, and analyzes modern datasets. A list of requirements for datasets is formed for their use in testing methods for identifying groups of attackers based on the specifics of the task. Weights are determined for the requirements, and a usability rating is determined for the modern datasets. An alternative data source is proposed to meet requirements that are poorly addressed by the current datasets.


The effect of heterogeneous distributed intermetallic particles on interaction of point defects with dislocations in cold-worked Fe-Ni-based alloys during electron irradiation was studied by positron annihilation. It was shown that vacancy accumulation occurs in cold-worked alloys during irradiation in spite of high dislocation density. It is caused by the presence of areas with lower dislocation density in alloys. At room temperature, the vacancies are not trapped by dislocations totally because a low their mobility. At elevated temperatures, vacancies may leave dislocations and form VCs. In cold-worked Fe-Ni-Ti alloy the accumulation of defects during irradiation is essentially lowered in comparison with cold worked Fe-Ni alloy. Ni3Ti precipitates, which are present on dislocations, reduce the efficiency of interaction of dislocations with interstitial atoms and, thereby, enhance the mutual recombination of point defects.


This chapter investigates the history of the idea of non-territorial autonomy as a form of corporate collective minority rights. The concept originated in the Habsburg Empire, where it was both implemented in several Austrian provinces, at least partly, as well as discussed theoretically by Austro-Marxist thinkers. While Zionist Jewish protagonists unsuccessfully suggested this form of minority protection at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, it continued to be discussed and applied in several Eastern European countries, in particular in the Baltic states, often with reference to its Habsburg origins. The European Nationalities Congress, a transnational advocacy group of European minorities during the interwar period, also strongly supported the idea of non-territorial autonomy. The chapter argues that despite the Congress's final inability to convince the League of Nations of this model of corporative minority rights, non-territorial autonomy was lively discussed in the international arena of European minority protection with the protagonists pointing to the legacy of the demised Habsburg Empire.


The utility model discloses an offshore auxiliary construction platform device. A crane system is equipped on a movable supporting system which comprises two parallel track beams. A transverse linking beam is provided between the two track beams and perpendicular to the length direction of the track beams. The track beams and the transverse linking beam all adopt a box girder structure. The two box girders are vertically connected through a bridging. Box girder supports are placed on the bearing platform below the track beams. The supporting system is driven to move through a walking mechanism. The walking mechanism is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene slide above the box girder supports and further provided with a stainless steel plate laid in the bottom of the box girder lower wing rims for facilitating the integral movement of the platform device. The stainless steel plate is moving on the polytetrafluoroethylene slide and pulled by a pulling mechanism located on the ends of the track beams. The platform which enables self moving from one working plane to the next working plane thus prevents frequent equipment installation or uninstallation and transportation. Therefore, the utility model not only lowers the offshore construction safety risk but also improves the offshore pier construction efficiency.


A new two-noded shear flexible curved beam element which is impervious to membrane and shear locking is proposed herein. The element with three degrees of freedom at each node is based on curvilinear deep shell theory. Starting with a cubic polynomial representation for radial displacement (w), the displacement field for tangential displacement (u) and section rotation (θ) are determined by employing force-moment and moment-shear equilibrium equations. This results in polynomial displacement field whose coefficients are coupled by generalized degrees of freedom and material and geometric properties of the element. The procedure facilitates quartic polynomial representation for both u and θ for curved element configurations, which reduces to linear and quadratic polynomials for u and θ, respectively, for straight element configuration. These coupled polynomial coefficients do not give rise to any spurious constraints even in the extreme thin regimes, in which case, the present element exhibits excellent convergence to the classical thin beam solutions. This simple C0 element is validated for beam having straight/curved geometries over a wide range of slenderness ratios. The results indicates that performance of the element is much superior to other elements of the same class. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In our client briefing Greece: the Months Ahead we described the victory of the Coalition of the Radical Left ("SYRIZA") and its formation of a government with the right-wing Independent Greeks on an anti-austerity mandate following the Parliamentary elections in Greece on 25 January 2015. Initially fired up with enthusiasm for debt restructuring and a break from the policies of the past, the coalition was forced to change tack following opposition from other Eurozone members and agreed with the Eurogroup on 20 February 2015 an extension to Greece's second bail-out until 30 June 2015. The background to the coalition and the policies of SYRIZA and the Independent Greeks are described in our earlier briefing, a copy of which may be found on our website.


Background Patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are at an increased risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of traditional risk factors [1]. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the development of accelerated atherosclerosis. Objectives To evaluate endothelial dysfunction by assessment of artery endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and coronary flow reserve (CFR). Methods 20 patients (12 males and 8 females – age 57,5 ±10,8 years) affected by PsA according to CASPAR criteria [2] were enrolled. The 10-years cardiovascular Framigham risk score was calculated. Ultrasound assessment of brachial artery FMD was performed according to Corretti et al. [3]. CFR was evaluated by contrast-enhanced Doppler echocardiography and dipyridamole administration as previously described [4]. Results The 10-years cardiovascular Framingham risk score of PsA patients (mean 3.84 ± 3.22) was in the low risk range. The assessment of brachial artery FMD showed a significant reduction of post-ischemic vasodilation in PsA patients (mean -17.70 ± 16%) as compared with normal population (mean +15.00 ± 5%). Coronary flow reserve was under the normal range (CFR >2.5) [5] in 15/20 PsA patients. Conclusions The present results demonstrate that PsA patients with low cardiovascular Framingham risk score have increased arterial stiffness and decreased coronary arteries flow reserve. These data suggest that endothelial dysfunction may underlie premature atherosclerosis in PsA patients References Ogdie A et al., Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74: 326–32. Taylor W et al., Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54: 2665–73. Corretti MC et al., J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 257–6. Sulli A et al., Rheumatology 2004; 43: 505–9. Caiati C et al., Circulation 1999; 99: 771–8. Acknowledgement This work is supported by Pfizer Disclosure of Interest None declared


The transmission of vibration from tools, through work gloves and into the hands, is affected by many factors such as glove material properties, tool vibration conditions, temperature, and grip force. This study investigated how glove material properties affect tool vibration transmission into the index finger. Three samples of material (two taken from differently designed anti-vibration gloves and another for comparison that was designed for mounting vibration-sensitive equipment) were assessed using stepped sinusoidal vertical vibration excitations covering a range of a one-third octave band (from 20 to 400 Hz). Twelve human subjects were used for the testing. For all samples and subjects, measurements were obtained for: (I) dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the samples; (II) the transmissibility of vibration to the index finger at a grip force of 30 N, across the range of frequencies; and (III) transmissibility of vibration to the index finger at a frequency of 125 Hz for finger grip forces of 15, 30, and 45 N. No significant vibration attenuation was provided at frequencies below 150 Hz. The two materials taken from the gloves that passed the ISO 10819:1996 test showed resonance at frequencies of 150 and 160 Hz a, but the material that did not pass the ISO test showed resonance at 250 Hz. The attenuation for all three materials was occurred at 400 Hz. There was no significant change of transmissibility across the range of finger grip forces for any of the material samples. The level of transmissibility was found to vary between samples and subjects.


Demand Side Management (DSM) is one of the emerging areas that focus on management of demand at the customer side in order to achieve various benefits such as reduction in electricity cost, reducing peak demand, improving load factor etc. While the objective of any DSM activity considered so far is peak demand reduction, peak to average ratio (PAR) improvement, load factor improvement, user satisfaction maximization etc., the main objective discussed in this paper is the minimization of electricity consumption cost since by reducing the electricity cost, the remaining objectives can be achieved indirectly. Further the potential of DSM is analyzed for a sample test system and DSM is implemented using load shifting technique since this technique typically does not alter total electricity consumption. Neural network is used to create a network and train it according to test system data to minimize mean square error.


Virtual student groups online constitute a new-type student organization.Compared with traditional student organizations,the virtual group has the features of being virtual,unrestrained,equal and mechanical.Its emergence has brought about positive impact on university ideological and political education and at the same time presented challenges to the education.Universities should try to adapt to the new situation,bringing into full play the positive role of virtual student groups in university ideological and political education.


A high brightness ion source has been developed for the 10 MeV, 100 rnA, 10 % duty, proton linear accelerator called Basic Technology Accelerator (BTA), which is to be constructed at JAERI. The ion source consists of a multicusp plasma generator and a two-stage ion extractor, and is expected to produce 100 ke V, 120 rnA proton beam with a normalized beam emittance of as low as 0.5 7[ mm.mrad. The design of the ion source and results of the first experiment are presented.


Summary form only given, as follows. We are currently investigating the use of ferroelectric ceramics for electron beam generation. These materials exhibit a spontaneous (saturation) polarization, P/sub s/, of up to 100 /spl mu/C/cm/sup 2/. Emission occurs when the polarization state of the ferroelectric is changed rapidly by an applied electric field, and a fraction of the surface screening charge is released at a gridded electrode. Using a lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) ceramic as the electron source in a planar 14 kV diode geometry we have measured diode current densities of up to 40 A/cm/sup 2/ with a 5n gap. The normalized rms emittance of this beam has been measured to be 12/spl pi/ mm-mrad at 8 A. Recent results from experiments to extend operation of this diode up to 70 kV, 300 ns pulses will be reported. We are also designing a 20-30 kV, 1 /spl mu/s system that will be operated in a repetition rate mode. We are planning to use such a system as part of our program to develop compact X-band sources with average power levels in the hundreds of watts range. Using simulation codes, such as EGUN, together with results from analytical work TWT structures are being designed for use with these sources. The advantages of using PPM focusing in both cylindrical or sheer beam configurations are also under investigation.


Polishing is an important procedure in machining,but fines are easily produced on the surface of the workpiece in the process of mechanical polishing.This paper introduces an advanced polishing pad which can polish the surface of the workpiece.The polishing pad is made of the nonwoven adhesive.It adopts the field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),FTIR and mechanical tests to study the structure,fiber and adhesive of the polishing pad.The results indicate that the polishing pad fiber forms the unique open mesh three-dimensional structure with the even distribution of the fiber in the polishing pad.The polishing pad fiber is the 32D viscose fiber while the adhesive is the UCAR functional acrylic 882.This study has a guiding significance to revealing the polishing mechanism of the non-woven polishing pad and its domestic development.


We report here a study of the synthesis and properties of the solid solution series Sm1-xNdxNiO3. It was found to crystallize in the GdFeO3-type orthorhombically distorted perovskite structure. The metal-insulator (M/I) transition was mapped out as a function of the composition. It is possible to control this transition between 200 and 410 K by simply adjusting the composition. For instance, the M/I transition occurs at room temperature for Sm0.55Nd0.45NiO3, and the variation of the transition temperature with composition is about 2.3 K/x%. These phase transitions have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry, microwave procedure, and X-ray diffraction. Microwave data reveal hysteresis effects. An interpretation of the experimental results may be the coexistence of the metallic and insulating phases. On the other hand, we have observed that the enthalpy change of phase transition decreases when the powder is ground. This phenomenon can be related to amorphization of the material.


Abstract : The restricted problem of three bodies is a more tractable case than the general three-body problem. Two primary celestial bodies are restricted to a circular orbit while a third body of negligible mass orbits in the plane of motion established by the primaries. Among many other practical applications, these restrictions forms a rough approximation to the Earth-Moon-spacecraft problem. This study analyzes the restricted problem by superposition of the energy potential wells that arise from the gravitational and inertial forces of the primaries in their circular motion. Three-dimensional computer graphics are used to illustrate the surfaces that are created by the potential of the primaries. Zero velocity curves, also known as Hill's curves, describe the boundary between regions of possible motion and forbidden regions for the third body. These curves are the principle qualitative aspect of the restricted problem. A curve of zero velocity is found by taking a cross-section of the potential surface at a specific energy level corresponding to the Jacobian constant of the third body. The topology of a zero velocity curve may change depending on the energy of the third body.


The theory of random maps has a relatively short history compared with the theory of random graphs. In this talk, we mention some recent sharp concentration results about random planar triangulations such as the maximum vertex degree, the largest component, the number of copies of a given submap, and the number of ippable edges.


This paper discusses the problem of designing an observer to estimate a vector-valued (multi-) linear function of the state of a linear time-invariant system, for the purpose of implementing a feedback control law. First, the standard form of an observer is obtained by using the Luenberger observable canonical form. Second, the design procedure of a multi-linear functional observer is derived using this standard form. Observers derived using this procedure are generally o flower order than those of Luenberger. Lastly, the procedure presented is illustrated by an example.


A new, <italic>time-domain, non-Monte Carlo</italic> method for computer simulation of <italic>electrical noise</italic> in <italic>nonlinear dynamic circuits</italic> with <italic>arbitrary excitations</italic> is presented. This time-domain noise simulation method is based on the results from the theory of <italic>stochastic differential equations</italic>. The noise simulation method is general in the sense that any <italic>nonlinear dynamic circuit</italic> with <italic>any kind of excitation</italic>, which can be simulated by the <italic>transient analysis</italic> routine in a <italic>circuit simulator</italic>, can simulated by our noise simulator in time-domain to produce the noise variances and covariances of circuit variables as a function of time, provided that noise models for the devices in the circuit are available. Noise <italic>correlations</italic> between circuit variables at <italic>different time points</italic> can also be calculated. Previous work on computer simulation of noise in integrated circuits is reviewed with comparisons to our method. Shot, thermal and flicker noise models for integrated-circuit devices, in the context of our time-domain noise simulation method, are described. The implementation of this noise simulation method in a circuit simulator (SPICE) is described. Two examples of noise simulation (a CMOS ring-oscillator and a BJT active mixer) are given.


I will describe the behaviour of two different quantum-mechanical systems as a function of increasing temperature. While these systems are somewhat different, the questions addressed are very similar, namely, how does one describe transitions in phase of a finite many-body system; how does one recognise these transitions in practical calculations; and how may one obtain the order of the transition.


Air Rescue Center is an essential ring in the disaster prevention and reduction in modern metropolitan cities. Therefore it has becomea task of top priority to speed up the establishment of Shanghai Air Rescue Center and to bring it under the control of Shanghai Disaster Reliefand Emergency Command Center . To do so it is necessary to prepare the Comprehensive Planning for Disaster Prevention and Reduction inShanghai and promote the combination of Shanghai Air Rescue Center with the planning of other industries and systems such as city planning,fire fighting planning, medical treatment planning and the planning of related industries. Also it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensivemanagement on the city disaster prevention and reduction to improve the citizen's awareness of disaster prevention in the city.[


What happens in those ten years (or five, or eight)? How does a promising effort get derailed? After years of involvement with new programs in secondary schools, I am convinced that there are identifiable forces that act, over time, to pull innovative efforts in any enterprise-not just in education-back to the "tried and true." In the institution of schooling, these forces include (1) the social context, including conventional wisdom and the role of the media in shaping society's attitudes about our schools and teachers; (2) the nature of the education bureaucracy, including the district ethos and the behavior of school boards; (3) the knowledge industry and its vested interests; (4) fiscal realities, resource allocation issues, and the changing locus of financial control; (5) parental expectations and community assumptions; and (6) the nature of the teaching profession, including ahistoricity, norms that discourage collective action (especially at the secondary level), and the pressure of competing demands. These are the forces inhibiting American schooling at this moment in history. The way they work to defeat change is grounded in the "deep structure" of schooling: our society's widely shared assumptions about what schools are for and how they should function. The deep structure can change-it has done so a number of times in the past. For


Abstract : Modeling of complex physiological phenomena has been attempted extensively over the years. The principal objective of modeling is to facilitate parametric presentation of the modeled phenomena. Ancillary objectives include the development of predictive capabilities simulation of responses to environmental extremes not readily permissible under experimental conditions, etc.


This article is the result of a round-table discussion organised by ESMO Open in Vienna in December 2017. Its purpose is to discuss the background and advances in the evidence regarding cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (palbociclib, ribociclib and abemaciclib) in the treatment of metastatic and early-stage breast cancer and to explore what the key open research questions are and next steps should be.


Current situation and occurrence of water resources in the rock desertification control region in the Huajiang karst valley are described in this paper.In this region,precipitation is relatively abundant,but with a great difference in vertical and between wet and dry seasons.Solpe runoff is relatively rich,but with a great odds in space-time.Rivers passing through are with plenty of water resources,but with bad quality.Thereas the total water resources are abundant,but with distinct space difference.The exploration and utilization conditions of water resources are appraised in detail,including resources quantity,economic benefit,techniques,etc.Current problems existing in water resources development are pointed out and corresponding countermeasures are also suggested.


Using administrative transcript data from a four-year institution, this paper finds that major choice is largely driven by the path dependency from majors' course requirements, rather than ability sorting as previous works have suggested. This contribution peeks behind the veil cast by previous works using major declarations which confounds ability sorting and path dependency. I separate these mechanisms using a structural course-taking model, featuring how courses inform major match quality and satisfy majors' course requirements. Counterfactuals show that firstyear courses primarily influence major choice through completed course requirements rather than learned major match qualities, particularly in the Natural Sciences.


Usually the renewal stochastic processes are used for description of repairable systems performance in the fixed environment. The main characteristic that arises in applications is the mean number of failures or repairs and this is very significant for the spares assessment. In this paper the situation is generalized for the case of changing environment (deterministic or random). The renewal equations for various types of repair, ranging from perfect to minimal via general, are analyzed from the maintenance point of view. Several simple examples are considered.


The use of computational systems to aid in the design of magic tricks has been previously explored. Here further steps are taken in this direction, introducing the use of computer technology as a natural language data sourcing and processing tool for magic trick design purposes. Crowd sourcing of psychological concepts is investigated; further, the role of human associative memory and its exploitation in magical effects is explored. A new trick is developed and evaluated: a physical card trick partially designed by a computational system configured to search for and explore conceptual spaces readily understood by spectators.


The progress of regional integration in ECOWAS is leading to the desire to create an optimal monetary zone. This desire to create an optimal monetary zone is leading to a wave of divergent views on the effect and exchange rate regime of the single currency on trade. On the one hand, WAMZ countries want to adopt it with a flexible exchange rate, while on the other hand, WAEMU countries want to adopt it with a fixed exchange rate pegged to the euro. This divergence of views is at the heart of our problem. We need to analyze the effect of this currency and its flexible exchange rate regime on regional integration, more particularly the market integration of the Economic Community of West African States. Our evaluation is based on an augmented gravity model as the basic theoretical model, with the Pseudo Maximum Poisson Likelihood with High Dimension Fixed Effects (PPMHDFE) as the estimation method. This panel study is based on data from the World Bank (WDI), IMF (DOTS) and CEPII from 2009 to 2018. The question addressed by the analysis of the potential effect of sharing a single currency on integration by the ECOWAS market, allows us to arrive at two main results. (i) The potential effect of the single currency on trade is significant, robustness tests confirm the positive effect of currency sharing on trade. (ii) The flexible exchange rate has positive effects on trade. Thus, we therefore call on the political leaders of ECOWAS countries to make efforts to meet the convergence criteria and the establishment of this single currency in order to be the foundation of the single African currency, on the one hand. On the other hand, we recommend the adoption of a single currency with a variable exchange rate with a gradual approach.


A radio access module structure of a portable terminal for accessing to a WiBro network and a radio access method are provided to control authentication, security, QoS setup, mobility guarantee, and radio link access for connection to the WiBro network according to requirements of a user by enabling the portable terminal, capable of access to the WiBro network, to control the radio access device, thereby managing the entire processes for network access. A radio access module comprises the followings: a user interface unit(210) for providing an interface for controlling network access conditions of a portable terminal user; a terminal function performing unit(230) for performing an authentication process and an IP(Internet Protocol) setup process for access to a WiBro(Wireless Broadband) network; a controller(220) for controlling the process for access to the WiBro network, a process for access environment provision of the WiBro network and a process for QoS(Quality of Service); and a radio access unit(240) for performing a function for communication with the WiBro network.


The present invention having a diameter of 10nm to 10㎛ relates to a drug carrier comprising a solid Attitude of, lipids or similar lipid (lipoid) material, or particles of a mixture thereof at room temperature. Drug carriers may control the release of active substance over a long period of time than that due to the solid cores, also it sikilsu incorporation of hydrophilic drugs into the solid core. Furthermore, the drug carrier is not decomposed relatively quickly, producing a toxic by-products.


This paper describes the method that constructs low autocorrelation binary sequences (LABS) which have applications in various engineering domains. We use a metaheuristic search approach employing local search method known as Tabu Search, which solves mathematical optimization problems. Our paper is an extension to the existing one [1]. We were able to achieve new optimal solutions with our improved algorithm (especially for instances greater than 60 and less than 101) to that of the previous method [1].Instead of finding optimal solutions for odd skewsymmetric instances we found the optimal solutions for all the instances. We have conducted experiments over a large number of sequences thoroughly, for multiple times to ensure the results.


Dirofilariosis – invasive parasitic disease which can be fatal. Specific course of the disease is the lack of visible signs of the disease at an early stage and make the complexity of diagnosing the disease is especially dangerous, as pet owners may not be aware of what their favorite animal is ill. Until now, according to statistics, dirofilariosis diagnosed by chance during examination before surgery, or carrying out tests for reasons far from suspected dirofilariosis. Dirofilariosis registered in Africa, Asia and Southern Europe. In the United States established endemic areas where there have been outbreaks of helminthiasis annually. The cases were registered in the UK, Sweden, the Netherlands, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Germany, Poland, Russia, Kazakhstan, the republics of the North Caucasus. Now dirofilariosis observed in Kiev, Odessa, Kharkiv, Kyiv, Chernihiv, Sumy, Poltava, Kharkiv and other areas. Today dirofilariosis carnivores and man registered on the territory of 37 states. Numerous published data indicate that most dirofilariosis in the countries of the former Soviet Union caused by two pathogen – Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. D. repens parasite in the subcutaneous tissue. Another kind of – D. immitis – in the heart, the lungs, the pulmonary artery and other vessels carnivores. Sometimes these nematodes parasitize in unusual places (the brain, the bronchioles, the abdominal cavity, eyes). Dirofilariosis problem for Ukraine is very urgent, because, firstly, the disease among dogs acquires the character of enzootic, secondly, the increase in the number of different types of vectors of infection, in the third, increasing the area of distribution – from the tropics to temperate regions, in the fourth, the difficulties in diagnosis disease and, fifthly, there is lack of training and educational and propaganda work among the population. The aim of our research was to a deeper and more complete definition of the features of microscopic changes in dog heartworm. We used the results of histological examination of samples of pathological material taken from 6 different breeds of dogs that suffered from heartworm. Autopsy was performed by the method of partial evisceration. Microscopic studies were carried out according to conventional techniques. In carrying out investigations following changes were microscopically established: in the lungs – seen interstitial pneumonia, venous hyperemia, hemorrhage, and also discovered microfilariae in the lumen of blood vessels and interstitial tissue. In the myocardium – granular and fatty degeneration, necrosis and destruction of cardiomyocytes in blood vessels – single microfilariae.


compared himself to Napoleon and, in his inaugural issue, shunned the "steel-trap" of political alliance: "We want to be perfectly understood on this point, and therefore opening disclaim all steel-traps, all principle, as it is called-all party-all politics" (p, 169). Bennett's centrism helps us see an inherent bias that runs throughout the book. Although the book tends to present the political debates as bifurcating and stark, many people of the era were abandoning the partisan debate model. Some embraced a growing spirit ofcentrism in politics and in the press; others, like Bennett, tended to reject all sides ofthe debate. Even though the Civil War reflected a failure of centrism (among other things), centrists and those who would ignore the slavery issues completely in the interest of avoiding war are given short shrift in the book. More examples ofcentrism and balance might have diluted the binary nature ofsome ofthe book's debates, but it would have presented a more variegated (and thus truer) depiction of antebellum dialogue. That said, The Ant~b~J/um Era is a significant and deeply engaging book that will give both students and scholars a feelofhow some ofthe era's problems were discussed and debated.


This paper can be considered as a sequel of [BS14] by Bernicot and Samoyeau, where the authors have proposed a general way of deriving Strichartz estimates for the Schr{\"o}dinger equation from a dispersive property of the wave propagator. It goes through a reduction of H 1 -- BMO dispersive estimates for the Schr{\"o}dinger propagator to L 2 -- L 2 microlocalized (in space and in frequency) dispersion inequalities for the wave operator. This paper aims to contribute in enlightening our comprehension of how dispersion for waves imply dispersion for the Schr{\"o}dinger equation. More precisely, the hypothesis of our main theorem encodes dispersion for the wave equation in an uniform way, with respect to the light cone. In many situations the phenomena that arise near the boundary of the light cone are the more complicated ones. The method we present allows to forget those phenomena we do not understand very well yet. The second main step shows the Strichartz estimates with loss of derivatives we can obtain under those assumptions. The setting we work with is general enough to recover a large variety of frameworks (infinite metric spaces, Riemannian manifolds with rough metric, some groups, ...) where the lack of knowledge of the wave propagator is a restraint to our understanding of the dispersion phenomenon.


Tourism is a sector of activity in which intercultural contacts frequently occur. However, little research was dedicated to intercultural communication in tourism along the years. Our article underlines the importance of observing the cultural aspects with the intention of perfecting communication between participants in the process of creating and delivering the tourism product.


This study examines the electrical brain activity of visually impaired individuals. Its aim is to identify differences in latency and signal amplitude between visually and non-visually impaired individuals in order to improve the school experience of students with visual impairment. The experiment included five visually impaired and five non-visually impaired subjects. Auditory stimuli included words with and without semantic content, i.e. actual words and pseudo-words, and Auditory Evoked Potentials were recorded. Results show that visually impaired individuals process auditory stimuli faster, regardless if the words lack semantic content, in comparison to their non-visually impaired counterparts. The study also showed variations in signal amplitude between the two groups.


Three kinds of softwoods (Douglas fir, radiata pine, and Sugi) were used to test the possibility of their classification via near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. In a previous study, the authors presented that the content of Korean softwood extractives (larix, red pine, Korean pine, cedar, and cypress) influenced wood classification. For expanding the extent of wood species to be considered in the analysis, three foreign wood species were newly introduced. Prior to comparing the NIR spectra obtained from the three softwoods, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to evaluate the possibility of discriminating the three foreign softwoods. The three species were also divided into three groups based on PCA, and a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) test improved the reliability of NIR-based wood classification via extractive contents. A similar pattern was obtained for alcohol-benzene eluted extractive compounds between same wood species.


The durability properties of structural recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) produced with 50% coarse recycled concrete aggregates and up to 20% fine recycled concrete aggregates were analysed and compared to those of conventional concrete (NAC). Both the RAC and NAC mixtures achieved the same compressive strength when using an effective water–cement ratio of 0.47 and 0.51, respectively. All the concretes were produced using three types of cement: CEM II A/L 42.5 R, CEM II A/S 42.5 N/SRC and CEM III/B 42.5 N-LH/SR. The properties of drying shrinkage, chloride permeability, and accelerated carbonation coefficient of the concretes were determined experimentally, and the obtained results were compared with the values estimated by specific standards of exposure to XC1–XC4 (corrosion induced by carbonation can happen due to the presence of humidity) and XS1 (corrosion caused by chlorides from seawater) environments. The results showed that all the concretes achieved maximum drying shrinkage for use in structural concrete. Any concretes produced with CEM IIIB, including the RAC-C50-F20 concrete, achieved very low chloride ion penetrability, ranging between 500 to 740 Coulombs. In addition, all concretes manufactured with CEM IIAL and CEM IIAS, including RAC-C50-F20, were suitable for use in XC3 and XC4 exposure environments, both with 50- and 100-year lifespans.


A series of α-cyanostilbenes substituted with dimethylaniline, diphenylaniline and carbazole was synthesized and their optical spectroscopic properties in homogeneous solvents, the dioxane–water binary mixture and the solid state were investigated. Stilbenes (1 and 4) exhibit weak emission behavior in homogeneous solvents but show remarkable red-shifted emission along with enhanced intensity in water and in the solid state. This phenomenon is due to the aggregation induced enhanced emission effect. Other stilbenes also exhibit significant solvatochromic emission behavior and have similar enhanced emission characteristics in water and the solid-state. The sensitivity of emission to changes in acidic or basic strength establishes the utility of these molecules as fluorescence probes.


INTRODUCTION AND AIMS
Associations between substance use and aggression may be amplified by simultaneous alcohol and illicit drug use. This study aims to compare differences in involvement in past aggression between people who use different substances while accounting for broader risk propensity.

DESIGN AND METHODS
Self-reported data on past three-month involvement in verbal and physical aggression (victim or perpetrator) were drawn from interviews conducted in night-time entertainment districts in seven Australian cities (n = 5078). Using inverse probability of treatment weighting techniques, participants who reported alcohol versus alcohol and illicit drug use on the night of interview (including ecstasy, cannabis and other illicit stimulant subgroups) were weighted on the basis of drug use risk covariates (e.g. alcohol consumed, gender) to determine differences in involvement in aggression involvement.

RESULTS
After weighting for covariates, individuals who reported consuming any illicit drug + alcohol and ecstasy + alcohol combinations were more likely to be involved in physical (33% and 105%, respectively) and verbal (36% and 116%, respectively) aggression in the previous 3-months when compared to those who consumed alcohol only. Cannabis + alcohol and other illicit stimulant + alcohol combinations were no more likely to be involved in either forms of aggression.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
The likelihood of having been involved in past aggressive incidents was higher among those who reported any illicit drug + alcohol and ecstasy + alcohol combinations than those who reported alcohol exclusively, after accounting for covariates. These findings highlight individuals that may benefit most from the development of tailored health promotion/preventative safety interventions in night-time settings.


As the representative and center of the seven virtuous of bamboo,Ji Kang represented the spirit of the seven virtuous,who can be considered as the most important figure in the literary field of Wei and Jin Dynasty.Ji Kang didn't have the desire to gain power and wealth;instead,he pursued the freedom of life,expressed his ideas directly and thus formed a special style in his creation experiences.The flying bird imago frequently appeared in the poems of Ji Kang,in fact,it is a hint of the poet's complex inner world,the expression of the poet's flying spirit,and the mirror of the hope to free him from the boring reality,pursue to the expression of his personality freely and fulfill the life worth.


We present a framework for solving logical topology design (LTD) problems in a constrained amount of computation time. Our framework uses a search space dimensionality (SSD) reduction technique that exploits a tradeoff between computation time and solution quality. We have demonstrated that our framework offers improved solution quality in comparison to an existing SSD reduction technique reported in the literature.


The purpose of this study was to reveal the contents read poetry. In learning basic competence is in sixth grade at SDN 05 Kepahiang the author, only 33,33% who achieved mastery learning. This research is done by using the communicative approach and the application of Contextual Teaching Learning in learning management as on effort to improve students ability to reflect recited poems. Outcomes since cycle I showed an increase until the second cycle, no more students don't pass the study even 2 students (8,33%) gained value in the range of 86-90 scores. Besides, the students feel that learning becomes fun and can develop the imagination, sharpen the sensitivity of emotion, educate and hone language skills. Keywords: communicative, CTL, poetry, language, management


With the rapid development of network language,more and more phenomena of Chinese/English Codeswitching appear in our daily communications.Codeswitching research of the network language is a new aspect in the linguistic field.The paper starts from cognitive perspective to discuss the process of Chinese/English Codeswitching by Figure/ground theory.


The invention relates to a three-pipe heating recovery air conditioning system and a control method thereof. The three-pipe heating recovery air conditioning system comprises a compressor, a three-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and more than two indoor heat exchangers, wherein the indoor heat exchanger comprises a first indoor heat exchanger and a second indoor heat exchanger, the three-pipe heating recovery air conditioning system also comprises a solenoid valve, a medium-pressure stop valve, a high-pressure stop valve, a low-pressure stop valve, a first branch pipe, a second branch pipe, a third branch pipe, a fourth branch pipe, a fifth branch pipe, a sixth branch pipe, a first indoor converter and a second indoor converter, wherein a high-pressure outlet of the compressor is connected with a second interface of the three-way valve, a third interface of the three-way valve is connected with a first interface of the third branch pipe by virtue of the low-pressure stop valve, and a second interface of the third branch pipe is connected with a fifth interface of the first indoor converter. The air conditioning system provided by the invention has the characteristics that the structure is simple and reasonable, the resistance loss of the air conditioning system is less, the indoor heating effect is obviously improved, and the application range is wide.


A high-power semiconductor nanosecond switch, in the form of a thyristor structure activated by a laser pulse, was investigated. This switch could handle currents up to ~5×10 kA under voltages of 5 kV in a time of ~1 nsec. The principle of its operation ensured synchronous of triggering of several switches with an accuracy of 0.1–0.01 nsec. These switches could be connected in series and could be used effectively to pump lasers excited by transverse discharges.


This study empirically examined the effect of married women's self-awareness on the acceptance of extra-marital relationships and the mediating effects of individuals' criticism of television's drama about infidelity. The data was obtained by conducting a survey of married women (304 persons) and was analyzed based on the Structural Equal Model (SEM). The notable findings are as follows. First, the respondents are generally less receptive to extramarital relationships. Of the total respondents, 46.7% do not accept extramarital relations. 43.8% of the respondents showed an unclear position on extra-marital relationships, and about 10% of respondents showed an accepting position on extramarital affairs. This suggests that extramarital relationships can emerge as a real issue that is important for married women. Second, self-awareness does not directly affect married women's acceptance of extramarital affairs, however, 'self-awareness' proved to have a significant effect on 'acceptance to extramarital relationships' by using 'criticism' as a full mediation effect for affair-themed TV dramas. The effects of critical thinking and the judgment of married women on the content of TV dramas containing adultery has been confirmed to be a very important aspect of married women's understanding of extramarital relationships. Some practical and political implications are discussed based on this study's findings.


We study the performance of movement-based location update with one-step paging in a macrocell/microcell overlaid network. The network covers a whole service area with macrocells and high traffic density areas with microcells. The location tracking scheme requires each mobile platform (MP) to count the number of macrocell boundary crossings from the last location update and use the number, compared with two thresholds, to determine which tier to report to. If it is greater than or equal to the lower threshold the MP is allowed to update location information but report only to a low-tier microcell. If it reaches the higher threshold the MP reports immediately to the overlaying macrocell and resets the counter. For the scheme combined with one-step paging, expected total tracking cost per call is analyzed based on the MP mobility modelled as a semi-Markov chain with uniform transitions between neighboring microcell areas and the presence of a microcell determined by a Bernoulli trial with probability p of success. Results, corroborated by simulations, show that the analysis yields accurate performance bounds for a wide range of parameters. This allows us to study the effects of several critical factors on tracking costs.


This paper studies a industrial wireless control system where a motion controller has a continuous closed-loop control link to a group of actuator devices on a factory floor. The goal is to achieve service requirements of ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) for such motion control system. We present our latest findings on group-based device-to-device (D2D) relaying for achieving spectrally efficient URLLC technology. Namely, we propose to group together the devices in close proximity and exploit intra-group D2D relaying to enforce reliable access. Next, we demonstrate the benefits of identifying the users with weak channel in each group and scheduling those users with on-demand relaying. We found that devices in momentary poor channel conditions are also the weakest link in the system-level reliability. Therefore, on-demand relaying for those devices can significantly improve reliability while maintaining a better utilization efficiency of network resources. The presented analysis leads to the conclusion that a future wireless control system for 5G and beyond shall include support for on-demand D2D relaying to achieve the best performance.


captures the charm of Kilito's original Arabic, but by the very fact that it was permitted by Kilito who, as the translator says in the introduction, revised the entire manuscript twice and corrected errors in it, one can understand that "Thou shalt not speak my language" is said with tongue in cheek. I take it to mean in the end, "Thou shalt be permitted to translate my language." In his book, The Translator's Invisibility: A History of Translation (London and New York: Routledge, 1995), Lawrence Venuti surveyed the last three centuries of English translations from many languages (but not Arabic), and "noted their inclination to a strategy of fluency that domesticated the source texts to Anglo-American cultural hegemony" as I said in an article in Translation Review (No. 65, 2003). The dynamics of power have always played a role in literary encounters between cultures and languages, and literary attitudes have always changed with change in power among nations. Kilito's book affirms the fact of dominance and subordination in literary encounters, but I believe this fact should not deter translators. Cultural difference and political power should be taken into consideration, for they cannot be abolished or ignored; translators, however, should be consciously aware of them so that their translations may be better formulated to convey accuracy and fluency, and thus be in a better position to contribute to mutual understanding among peoples. P IssaJ. Boullata McGill University


This paper reports that credit cycles emerged in laboratory economies that were not hit by aggregate shocks and in which information about fundamentals was perfect. This main result is in our view puzzling because standard theories predict that no cycles should have occurred in such a basic environment. Subjects could borrow funds in the credit market to invest in the risky project. The equilibrium interest rate equalized credit demand and supply. Among other behavioral biases, we observe that subjects increased their credit demand when they made larger losses in the previous period, consistent with a break-even motive. We find that a simple model of investment enriched with this motive can predict a credit cycle. We also show that the market environment plays a crucial role for the emergence of the cycle, which suggests that markets amplify rather than eliminate irrationality. Overall, our work implies that not only fundamental but also psychological factors can play a role in the emergence of fluctuations in financial markets. ∗We are especially grateful to Ferdinand von Siemens for his continuous support and great comments. We also would like to thank Gabriele Camera, Michael Kosfeld, Sergey V. Popov, and Anthony Ziegelmeyer for very useful suggestions as well as seminar participants at various conferences and workshops. We gratefully acknowledge research support from the Research Center SAFE, funded by the State of Hessen initiative for research LOEWE. †Goethe University and SAFE Research Center, firstname.lastname@example.com ‡Goethe University and SAFE Research Center, firstname.lastname@example.com


The Revue Franc aise de Psychanalyse was created in 1927 with participation and financial support from Marie Bonaparte. Each volume is organized around a theme and opens with an 'argument' written by an editor or co-editors, who are not the general director of the Revue (the equivalent to the Editor in Chief of the International Journal of Psychoanalysis). A wide range of members of the Paris Psychoanalytic Society (SPP) have performed this function of editing specific volumes over the years. There is an implicit, at times explicit, dialogue amongst the authors who contribute to each of the volumes. They tend to refer to each other's work; this is especially true of the volume dedicated to papers given at the Congress of the French Language of that year. This annual congress is usually centred on two or three memoirs, which are long essays written by a member of the SPP and a member of another Society (alternating each year between the French Psychoanalytic Association and another component society). In 2011 the theme of the Congress and the last issue of the Revue was 'The Maternal'; I discuss this below. Considering that each volume includes between 15 and 48 papers, in addition to a section of book reviews, plus a section of spontaneous contributions by authors who just wish to present their research [Hors Th eme], it is impossible to discuss each of the articles in each volume for the year. I will refer to some ideas and papers that have caught my attention, being perfectly aware that I am leaving out most of the contributions. The aim is just to give the IJP reader some key conceptual points of reference in the volumes, and perhaps entice them to read the Revue itself. At the end of my review I will briefly outline some of the themes in contemporary French psychoanalysis that permeate the volumes of the Revue in 2011.


This study covered 100 displaced persons from Mosul city to which skin tests were applied as well as count of eosinophils, to detect allergy. Only 35 persons of both genders exhibited positive response to the used allergens with an increased number of eosinophils. 8 males and 27 females, and their ages ranged between 17-77 years. At testing the skin for the inhaled allergens, Saliceae trees recorded the highest overall percentage of allergy (60%), Betulaceae family recorded an overall percentage of allergy (45.7%) followed by Timothy overall percentage (42.9%), Salsola (34.3%), the combination of  three trees including Corylus, Alnus and Betula (31.4%), the plant Artemisia (25.7%), Urtica dioica (22.9%), and finally Fraxinus excelsior (22.8%).  Dogs and cats hairs recorded the highest percentage of allergy (51%) among epithelial tissue allergens, followed by horse hair (31.4%) and the least percentage was of feathers (8.6%). Houses dust mite when mixing the two types Dermatophoides farina and D. pteronyssinus recorded the highest percentage (45.7%). Among the fungi, Alternaria alternate recorded the highest percentage (37.1%), Cladosporum herbarum (34.2%) and the least percentage was related to the fungus Aspergillus fumigatu (28.6%). The studied sensitizers (except feathers) have significant difference at probability level of P < 0/05.


A new measure of multidimensional human deprivation index (MHDI) across 24 states (over 4 time points corresponding to NFHS 1, 2, 3 and 4) is suggested here using principal component analysis (PCA). We observe that our weighted MHDI is found to be consistent with the Human Poverty Index (HPI) and the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) introduced by UNDP in 1997 and 2010, respectively. Though most of the states in India have been experiencing a decline of the incidence of MHDI, but club convergence clearly proves that five major states such as Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Odisha are found consistently to be stable in the higher group of MHDI. Lagged MHDI, human capital investments along with availability of infrastructure are the underlying factors of differential MHDI across states. Therefore, allocation of grants should consider these issues of chronic MHDI found in five major states in order to ensure regional balance, equity and social justice in our federal structure.


In this issue of ONCOLOGY, Dr. Ruckdeschel addresses a subject that, fortunately, is not very common, but unfortunately for those in whom the problem occurs, the outcomes are almost universally poor. The subject is probably one of the most dreaded complications of advanced cancer-malignant spinal cord compression. On a positive note, since Dr. Patchell's plenary session presentation at the 2003 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual meeting,[1] interest in metastatic spinal cord compression has been renewed and there is hope that future patients with this problem will fare better.


Modern methods of machining of bed slideways with the required parameters of accuracy and quality of the processed surfaces are considered in order to increase productivity in the treatment of the surface of machine stands. To improve productivity, the finishing sanding operation has been replaced with finishing milling to ensure the required roughness, flatness and parallelism. The method of replacement of technological operations as exemplified by processing of a bed made of gray cast iron of grade "СЧ-20" is studied. The priority method of increasing the productivity of the processing of machine slideways of metal-cutting equipment, based on the use of cutting ceramics during the processing of the bed as a final technological operation, is determined. Based on the microstructural characteristics of oxide-carbide cutting ceramics, a uniform method of equipping cutters with cutting inserts with equal lifespan is used to increase productivity and achieve the required surface finish. This method of the milling cutter layout allows for longer life and provides the required margin of tool accuracy as well as allows predicting premature wear of the cutting tool. The results of the work are the identification of the patterns of influence of structural parameters of cutting ceramics on the quality of machine slideways of metal-cutting equipment in the selective formation of instrumentation. Studies have shown that the quality of machining depends on the microstructure characteristics of each insert used in the machining process when using interchangeable multi-sided oxide carbide ceramic inserts. The increase in productivity and quality of machining is achieved by monitoring the microstructure of the cutting oxide-carbide ceramics.


This paper expounds opportunities and challenges of Shanxi Agricultural University in the first year of "Twelfth Five-Year Plan ", and states that the school's development is in the important transition period of Chinese higher education, of the higher education management system and concept, of the Shanxi social and economic development,of "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" to the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan " and of the teaching model to the teaching and research model.The article suggests that the school's tasks during the " Twelfth Five-Year Plan " should focus on constructing teaching and researching university which represents the advanced level of local agricultural colleges, also improving the comprehensive strength, creating the local character.The article also maintains that the undergraduate teaching work should actively adapt to and lead the school's overall strategy of transformation and leap-forward development, promoting the model transition of professional structure, curriculum system, practice teaching, teaching faculty and staff,a nd teaching management.


In late 1903 Britain bought Chilean battleships, whereas Japan bought Argentine cruisers in the face of Russian counter-bidding. Previous scholarship has considered this arms trade as a case in which Britain showed its sympathy, or rather gave assistance, to Japan. However, this paper, based on multi-archival research in both Japan and Britain, argues that there was no sign of any such sympathy. The resale and transfer of the Argentine cruisers also shed light on the strategic views of the British government and the actual state of Anglo-Japanese relations just before the Russo-Japanese War.


Background and Aim: Smoking is one of the most preventable causes of premature mortality around the globe. In addition to causing unattractive tooth staining, periodontal disease, bad breath, wounds impaired healing, and precancerous conditions, smoking is also detrimental to oral health. The present study aimed to determine the effect of smoking on periodontal health and to identify the level of awareness among smokers about the effects of smoking on their oral health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 participants in Azra Naheed Dental College (ANDC), Lahore from January 2022 to September 2022. This self-administrated questionnaire survey was used to determine sociodemographic characteristics, smoking cessation programs and individuals' willingness to quit smoking, as well as awareness of oral health affected by smoking. Dental patients aged ≥19 were enrolled. The questionnaires asked about the demographics of participants, their awareness regarding smoking effects on oral conditions, including staining of teeth, oral cancer, delayed wound healing, gum disease, and dental implants. Results: Of the total 200 participants, there were 144 (72%) male and 56 (28%) females. The overall mean age was 35.8±14.1 years. Age-wise distribution of patients was as follows: 138 (69%) in 19-40 years, 51 (25.5%) in 41-60 years, 6 (3%) in 61-80 years, and 5 (2.5%) >80 years. About 57 (28.5%) had past medical history, out of which hypertension (HTN) was the most prevalent medical history 32 (16%) followed by combined hypertension and diabetes cases 13 (6.5%), diabetes 5 (2.5%), asthma 4 (2%), and vocal cord surgery 3 (1.5%). Regarding Dental history, the incidence of extraction and scaling, scaling, filling, extraction, extraction and filling, scaling extraction and filling, restoration, Root canal treatment (RCT), restoration and RCT, denture, artificial teeth, and capping were 21 (10.5%), 28 (14%), 15 (7.5%), 15 (7.5%), 12 (6%), 6 (3%), 1 (0.5%), 1 (0.5%), 1 (0.5%), 2 (1%), and 2 (1%) respectively. About 82 (41%) participants were smokers among total participants. The incidence of toothless, staining, halitosis, bad taste, effect on gums, delay in healing, tenderness, pain cured, bleeding gums, loose tooth, prostho work, and bad experience were 83 (41.5%), 151 (75.5%), 161 (80.5%), 75 (37.5%), 101 (50.5%), 63 (31.5%), 83 (41.5%), 113 (56.5%), 101 (50.5%), 65 (32.5%), 39 (19.5%), and 23 (11.5%) respectively. Conclusion: The present study concluded that only 8% of respondents knew that smoking is associated with periodontal diseases, illustrating the lack of awareness of patients regarding the link between smoking and periodontal diseases across the board. Keywords: Periodontitis, Smoking, Periodontal health, Assessment


Fermented foods are sources of yeasts, which have various beneficial effects in animal health and are used as probiotics. Therefore, the objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the probiotic potential of yeast from local cereal sourdoughs. The six samples flour ( Barley , Maize, Finger millet, teff , sorghum, and Degussa ) were blended in equal amount then mixed with distilled water and kept at room temperature for 6 days to allow spontaneous fermentation to take place. Sample from fermented dough was inoculated into potato dextrose agar and yeasts were isolated based on colony morphology and microscopic structure. The isolated yeasts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against the common pathogens E. coli and Salmonella. Those isolates with the best antimicrobial activity were selected and subjected to potential probiotic screening tests such as sugars fermentation ability, growth at 37 o C, and low pH tolerance. Fifty Colonies, suspected to be yeasts, had unique earthy smells and color ranging from cream to white cream, and form of an oval, circular, irregular, and occurring singly was isolated. Six isolated namely (Tf5, Mz5, B3, Sr3, D1, and Fm2) with higher antimicrobial activity against the test organisms were selected. All the six yeast isolates were able to ferment the given all sugar (Glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, sucrose, and sorbitol) except lactose. The selected yeast isolates grew favorably at 37°C (body temperature) when compared to a conventional growth temperature at 30°C. All the selected yeasts isolate exhibited a markedly higher growth at pH 3 and 5.5 and a good growth was also recorded at pH 2 except for isolate B3. Yeast isolates B3, Fm2, and D1 produce H2S which is undesirable for livestock feed additives. The yeast isolates Sr3, Tf5, and Mz5, which did not produce hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), showed promising probiotic activities, and possessed comparable attributes with other reported probiotic yeasts. Supplementation of feeds with these yeasts to improve the quality of animal production can benefit. However, before therapeutic application, further research should be done to ensure the safety and efficiency of the potential of this probiotic yeast.


The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Professor D.E. Gershanovich, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Russia, Chief Researcher and Advisor to the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy Sciences, Executive Editor of the Series "Biological resources of the hydrosphere and their use."


Using a relational approach to assessment integrates the theoretical application of developmental, psychological and psychiatric disciplines (Clark, Tluczek, & Gallagher, 2004; Sameroff & Emde, 1989; Sameroff, McDonough, & Rosenblum, 2004). Clark, Tluczek, Moore, and Evenson (2019, Chapter 2) presents a review of these perspectives. This chapter introduces best practices in the assessment of parent–child relationships and provides an in-depth description and illustration of the Parent–Child Early Relational Assessment, composed of both objective ratings and a subjective video replay interview used to engage the parent in assessing his or her relationship with his or her child. In addition, reliability, validity, research findings, and the clinical utility of a wide range of parent–child relationship assessment tools and procedures are provided. The importance of considering the individual contributions of the parent, the infant or young child, the family, and the cultural context in the assessment process is highlighted. Guidelines are also included on the use of relational assessments in research and to inform clinical practice.


ABSTRACT A key component of vibrant urban neighbourhoods is the neighbourhood business district (NBD) – the place for amenities, shopping, social engagement and recreation. In order to provide these advantages and be competitive with big box and online retailers, the NBD must be easily accessible and provide a basic range of goods and services. Yet few tools exist that measure both the access and completeness of amenities on NBDs. This paper presents a systematic analysis and provides cities with a tool to assess NBDs and create policies and programmes to support more complete, robust and useful neighbourhood business districts.


Second language acquisition (SLA) is embedded in a complex network of influential variables, among which is the socio-political context. Indeed, researchers agree that attitudes and motivation are significant in determining linguistic proficiency and achievement (Gardner, 1985, 2001, 2004; Oxford and Shearin, 1994; Oxford, 1996; Dornyei, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2003). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether negative attitudes existed towards English as an international language in the context of globalization and antiAmericanism, and if so, whether they interfered with second language acquisition. Data was collected through qualitative research methods, namely individual and group interviews and in class writing assignments. The students considered English indispensable for employment and career advancement (extrinsic motivation or instrumental motivation). This outweighed negative attitudes associated with the target language community (TLC) and the power of the target language (TL). The study signals a parallel duality where participants acknowledged the significance of the English language and wanted to learn it even though they were aware of political discrimination against Arabs and the linguistic power exerted by the dominant powers. Even though attitudes towards the L2 and the TLC impact language acquisition, it seems that in this sample, they did not have a direct effect on L2 motivation as displayed in the willingness to use the language or to learn it. Most importantly, my study identifies a desire to integrate, not to a specific TLC but to a global community and workplace to which the English language provided access. One reason fueling this integrative motivation is the conflict zone in which the participants live. The socio-political as well as economic context and its concomitant Arab identity inferiority complex encourage students to seek to escape from the limitations of the local workplace and context.


Aiming at the limitation of generalization ability when the speaker identification system falls short of training data,this paper proposes a new method of complex Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM) based on Semi-Supervised Learning(SSL).It uses complex GMM to model the feature distribution of all speakers and the training period adopted SSL based on iterative algorithm.Experimental shows that this new method can take full advantage of unlabeled data on the self-adaptive updating,improve the performance,get higher recognition rate compared with traditional GMM,and effectively enhance the generalization ability of system.