When the Bank of Canada embarked on its drive for "price stability" in the early 1990s, it was well known both inside and outside the bank that obtaining the longterm benefits of low inflation would require suffering short-term costs in the form of temporarily lower output and higher unemployment. As it happened, inflation in Canada fell sharply, from about 6 per cent in 1990 to below 2 per cent in 1992, and a significant recession occurred. For the next six years, inflation fluctuated mildly between 1 per cent and 2 per cent, though it was more often below 1.5 per cent By the summer of 2000, low and stable inf la t ion had surely been achieved in Canada. Now both critics and supporters of the bank's disinflation policy have begun to wonder when the longterm benefits will appear. Especially notable has been the different macroeconomic performances of Canada and the U.S. While the U.S. had slightly higher inflation than Canada in 1992-98, its unemployment rate was significantly lower and the rate of productivity growth slightly higher. This has led many to question whether Canada's inferior macroeconomic performance is related to the Bank of Canada's strong policy stance against inflation. Given the amount of effort devoted to researching inflation's causes and effects, it is perhaps surprising there is little consensus about the benefits of low inflation. Though economists and the public agree that low inflation is desirable, there is much less agreement about why this should be so. Non-economists typically focus on how inflation affects their real purchasing power. As shown by a recent survey by Shiller (1997), it is common for them to conclude that increases in the overall price level generate a reduction in real purchasing power and thus a reduction in overall living standards. They often do not seem to realize that real incomes may be unaffected when changes in nominal incomes accompany changes in prices. Economists focus on other aspects of inflation. Some emphasize the benefits of low inflation that are, at least in principle, detectable in conventional macroeconomic data, such as a higher growth rate of productivity or real per capita gross domestic product. Others stress factors that are less visible and measurable, but nonetheless genuine, such as greater efficiency of the price system, which results in a welfare-improving reallocation of resources. Over the past few years, Bank of Canada Governor Gordon Thiessen and other senior bank officials have stated the case for attaining and maintaining low inflation. In his speeches, many of which are reprinted in the Bank of Canada Review, Mr. Thiessen clearly recognizes that some benefits of low inflation — such as greater efficiency of the price system — are probably impossible to discern in the readily available data. He has also argued, however, an important benefit of low inflation is that it leads to a greater rate of economic growth and, through this channel, to an improvement in living standards. Consider the following example from the first year of his stewardship at the Bank of Canada, when Canada's inflation rate had been close to 2 per cent for two years: Why has price stability been chosen as the objective of monetary policy? The economy is more efficient, and this helps to support growth in output, high employment and rising living standards. (Bank of Canada Review, Summer 1994, p. 59)


The Members of the South Society learned from the western culture while carrying forward the fine Chinese tradition. They made commendable exploration and experimentation in promoting the literary reform in poetry as well as cultural exchanges between China and the western world.


Gas-expanded liquids (GXLs) are a promising alternative to conventional solvents used extensively in microelectronics processing. GXLs have superior mass transport properties relative to liquids, but can maintain the solvent strength necessary for integrated circuit (IC) processing steps such as residue removal and photoresist stripping. Concurrently, the environmental benefits associated with CO 2 -based processes can be substantial. Physical properties such as interfacial tension and viscosity, for example, can be decreased by over an order of magnitude in a GXL. The impact of this tunability on dielectric compatibility, feature collapse, and dissolution rate is discussed. CO 2 -expanded ethanol largely maintains the solvent strength of pure ethanol for the dissolution of thin films of poly-hydroxystyrene (PHOST)-based photoresist. GXLs containing up to 75% CO 2 completely remove PHOST films from silicon substrates. Results of CO 2 -expansion of several solvents will be discussed as they relate to cleaning and surface preparation.


Background: Carissa carandas Linn. (Bengali name- Karamya, Karancha, Karamcha, English name-Karaunda) commonly known as Karanda is a widly used medicinal plants belongs to apocynaceae family . The various plant parts of C. carandas have been used for ethnomedicine in the treatment of human diseases, such as diarrhea, stomachic, anorexia, intermittent fever, mouth ulcer and sore throat, syphilitic pain, burning sensation, scabies and epilepsy. The current studies were aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antinociceptive, anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of the methanol extract of leaves of C. carandas . Methods: The antinociceptive property of the methanol leaves extract of C. carandas was evaluated in swiss albino mice by using acetic acid-induced writhing test and anthelmintic activity of the fresh leaves juice was performed by observing the time of paralysis and the time of death of earth worms Pheretima posthuma. On the other hand, the methanol extract of leaves of C. carandas was screened for cytotoxic activity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Results: Phytochemical screening showed that the methanol leaves extract contained alkaloids, steroids, flavanoids, tannins, saponins and reducing sugar. The antinociceptive activity test revealed that the extract showed significant antinociceptive activity and the fresh juice of the leaves of C. carandas showed potent anthelmintic activity. In cytotoxicity studies, the methanol leaves extract displayed moderate cytotoxic activity when compared with standard drug, vincristine sulphate. Conclusions: In the current studies, these observations also support the use of this plant for medicinal purposes and encourage further investigations for more fruitful results.


The invention relates to highly functional allophanate and polyisocyanates containing silane groups, a process for their preparation and their use as a starting component in the production of polyurethane plastics, particularly as crosslinking component in polyurethane paints and coatings.


The transient and steady-state sensitivity functions of a general electrical network may be obtained directly by constructing a source-coupled auxiliary network. The node voltages and branch currents in this auxiliary network are shown by topological methods to be equivalent to the classically defined network sensitivity function. The computations required may be carried out with many general purpose digital network analysis programs without modification of the program.


In this study, meso-scale (mm-cm scale) modelling approach is adopted to simulate the behaviour of plain concrete beam under 3-point bending. At meso-level, concrete is assumed as either a two- phase or a three-phase composite material (mortar, aggregate and/or interfacial transition zone- ITZ). In this tudy, first the aggregates are generated and placed in the concrete domain with prescribed randomness. The remaining space in the concrete domain is then filled with mortar. However, in three phase model, ITZ of finite thickness surrounding the aggregates is assumed to exist. In this study, three geometrically similar beam specimens with and without notch have been considered. The simulated load-crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) is then validated with the corresponding experimental data. A convergence study of peak load with different specimens in terms of randomness in aggregates generation and placement has been studied.


Teaching Quality Assessment (TQA) is one of the measures to improve the planning and organization of the teaching process. However, very limited studies have been conducted to assess teaching quality within higher education context through the use of an online mobile system. This study, therefore, applied an android teaching quality assessment system (PKMD) to assess teaching quality within an Islamic Higher Education Institution. The system was developed using a prototype paradigm involving users from the Quality Assurance Center. The result shows that the system can increase students' involvement in each class in teaching quality assessment process. Most of the users perceived the PKMD system as high quality, information, relevancy, satisfaction, productivity, and high functionality. The limitation of this study is that the students may assess a lecturer who never teaches their class due to freedom to select on the database.


Much has been written on the determinants that can expedite or hinder learners' willingness to communicate in second and foreign language contexts. Though the literature is abundant with studies on many of these variables, little if any can be found to have targeted EFL students of private institutes in Iran. An effort was made in this study to examine the simultaneous impact of anxiety, self-confidence, communicative competence, and international posture on 194 Iranian EFL students' willingness to communicate. To this end, a structural equation modeling analysis was used to examine the proposed model of the study. The results revealed that students' willingness to communicate is directly related to their attitude toward the international community, their perceived linguistic competence and self-confidence. The study concludes with certain pedagogical implications.


The Sherpa (originally Sharwa) are one of the numerous ethnic group of the multiethnic district of Darjeeling, West Bengal,India. The word "Shar-wa", Shar means "east" wa means "person" in Sherpa and Tibetan language thus sherpa means the people of the east. The Sherpa tribal community has its own particular rituals, customs and tradition regarding marriage ceremony. No tribal society is static, everything is changing, so the changes in the marital status of the Sherpa tribe can also be also observed in Darjeeling hills, inter-caste marriages are taking place, the widow remarriage are socially recognised phenomenon in the tribal society. The distinct tribal identity of the Sherpa is slowly losing ground with rapid decline of language and changing social custom and rituals in this juncture.


The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential of microemulsion formulations for transdermal delivery of indomethacin (IND). Microemulsion formulations with different surfactant:cosurfactant ratios (Smix); F1-F6 (1:1,2:2, 3:1, 4:1, 1:2, and 3:2) were prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method, and characterized for morphology, droplet size, and rheological characteristics. The ex vivo skin permeation studies were performed using Franz diffusion cell with rabbit skin as a permeation membrane. A significant increase in the steady-state flux (Jss), permeability coefficient (Kp), and enhancement ratio (Er) was observed in microemulsion formulations compared with the conventional IND gel.The anti-inflammatory effects of microemulsion formulations showed a significant increase in percent edema inhibition value after 4 hours. The optimized formulation showed a significant increase in the steady-state flux (Jss) and permeability coefficient (Kp). The enhancement ratio (Er) was found to be 8.939 in optimized formulation F1 compared with IND gel.


We investigated the relationship of a vegetarian diet, which is regarded as a healthy lifestyle in Europe and the United States, to the Japanese diet, which is associated with a long life expectancy, in 10 Japanese vegetarians each ranging from 30 to 49 years and from 50 to 69 years in age and in genderand age-matched healthy adults on a conventional Japanese diet. Concerning the frequency of food ingestion, there were significant differences in the frequency of protein consumption. There was a significant difference in the frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption between the vegetarian and control groups ranging from 30 to 49 years in age. Concerning nutrient intake, there were significant differences in fat, carbohydrate, iron, vitamin B2, cholesterol, dietary fiber, and salt intake between the two groups. There were significant differences in carbohydrate, vitamin B2, and dietary fiber intake between the vegetarian and control groups ranging from 50 to 69 years in age. With respect to blood component levels, the total cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the vegetarian groups of the two age groups. The blood sugar level was significantly lower in the vegetarian group ranging from 50 to 69 years in age. The insulin levels were significantly lower in the vegetarian groups of the two age groups. Parameters of body fat were slightly lower in the vegetarian groups. These results suggest the future usefulness of a vegetarian diet as a preventive/ therapeutic diet among Japanese. Keyword : Japanese vegetarian; nutritional intake; blood component levels; body fat I 緒言 古代から、肉類を制限して、野菜や果物等が多い食 事をしている人はある種の慢性疾患に罹り難いこと が知られていた。19世紀にイギリスの医師が病気治療 の為の食事療法のなかでベジタリアン食が極めて治 療効果が高いとして取り上げたのを契機に、ベジタリ アン食が疾病予防や健康増進のための食事スタイル のひとつとして欧米で広まり、注目を集めてきている。


Background We evaluated the effects of once-daily extended-release quetiapine fumarate (quetiapine XR) on patient-reported outcomes in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods This is a report of a pooled analysis from three acute 8-week, randomized, placebocontrolled, fixed-dose (50, 150, 300 mg/day) studies and a 52-week maintenance flexible dose (50–300 mg/day) study of quetiapine XR monotherapy in patients with GAD. Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) percent maximum total scores (items 1–14), item 15 ("satisfaction with medication"), item 16 ("overall life satisfaction"), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global scores are reported. Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) total scores were also assessed (maintenance study only). Results The acute studies showed significant improvements at week 8 in Q-LES-Q-SF percent maximum total score with quetiapine XR 150 mg/day (P < 0.001) and item 16 with quetiapine XR 50 (P < 0.05) and 150 mg/day (P < 0.001) versus placebo; PSQI global scores significantly improved with quetiapine XR 50, 150, and 300 mg/day versus placebo (P < 0.001). The maintenance study showed significant benefits versus placebo with quetiapine XR 50–300 mg/day in Q-LES-Q-SF percent total score, item 15 and item 16 scores, PSQI global score, and SDS total score. Conclusion Quetiapine XR 150 mg/day (acute studies) and 50–300 mg/day (maintenance study) improved quality of life, overall functioning, and sleep quality in patients with GAD.


Herein, two donor–acceptor conjugated polymers based on dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (DTT) and thiophene-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) or furan-flanked DPP, namely PDPPT-DTT and PDPPF-DTT were synthesised, characterised and evaluated for their electrical performance in transistor devices for comparison. The influence of the heteroatoms (thiophene and furan) flanked DPP on their thermal, optical, electronic structure and charge carrier transport properties were investigated. The absorption spectra of polymer PDPPT-DTT are broader and red-shifted (26–30 nm) compared with that of polymer PDPPF-DTT, indicating the resonance energy of thiophene is greater than furan, which may allow for different electron localization and result in the difference of optical properties. In addition, energy levels of polymers were slightly affected by the aromatic remote end-groups (thiophene to furan) in DPP-based molecule. Hole transport properties of copolymers were investigated by fabricating the field-effect transistors in the bottom gate top contact (BGTC) configurations for three different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs)/gate dielectric interfaces and different annealing temperatures of polymeric active layer. The BGTC organic thin film transistor (OFET) devices having PDPPT-DTT and PDPPF-DTT thin film annealed at 200 °C exhibit the hole mobility of 0.18 and 0.20 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. The OFET devices with trichloro(octyl)silane SAM, fabricated and characterized in ambient environment (temperature ∼25 °C, humidity ∼50%), were found to retain 90% of their performance up to 1000 h.


The structural and magnetic properties of thin films and multilayers based on CoxSi1−x magnetic layers and Si spacers have been studied by surface x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy and magneto-optical transverse Kerr effect measurements. Surface x-ray diffraction has been used to follow the evolution of the Co lattice as Si is incorporated into the network for the low Si content range, 1.00≤x≤0.77, and a contraction of the unit cell, around 0.2% out-of-plane and 0.9% in-plane, has been found. No fingerprint of structural anisotropy in the grain size, either parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic easy axis, has been detected. Magneto-optical transverse Kerr effect hysteresis loops of single films show both an increase of coercive field and a rotation of the magnetic anisotropy axis as Si enters the lattice in the polycrystalline range, 1.00≤x≤0.85. For the multilayer case, the loops confirm the formation of antiferromagnetic ordering through the layers when the composition of the alloy is tuned to be in the amorphous range. The corresponding AES signals show asymmetric depth profiles, suggesting the formation of intermediate compounds at the broader Co-on-Si interfaces.


Lipomas are benign tumours composed of mature white adipocytes. One of the subtypes, spindle cell lipoma are most commonly found in subcutaneous tissue of shoulder, back and posterior neck and most often occurs in men. Although lipomas are the most common mesenchymal and soft tissue tumours, to date, less than 80 cases of uterine lipomas have been reported in the literature. The only case of spindle cell lipoma in the female genital tract have been in the vulva and cervix. 1 There has been only one case of uterine lipoma reported in Australia in 1946. 2 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of spindle cell uterine lipoma reported. We present a case of an 87 year old female presenting with post menopausal bleeding and large bulky uterus. The uterus showed 70 mm yellow intramural mass. Histologically the mass consisted of adipose tissue with variably sized adipocytes with interweaving collagenous fibrous tissue containing pleomorphic spindle cells consistent with features of spindle cell lipoma. Immunohistochemistry for CD34 showed positivity of the spindle cells supporting the diagnosis of spindle cell lipoma.


With the deepening hospital reform, a correct handling of the relationship between intensive and extensive hospital coonstruction has become a question of orientation. First, it must be affirmed that the extensive construction has played a positive role in the establishment of the hospital, but ia must also be seen that questions do arise in the course of extension:①an anarchistic expansion of hospital size and a hot drive for size effect; ②an over expansion of the sophisticated but a negligence of the basic projects; and ③over enthusiasm for short term profit but coldness toward long term target. A proper extensive construction lays the foundation without which an intensive construction can not be started. But the extensive construction should not be divorced from the hospital aim which can be reached only through intensive construction. For a hospital of considerable size, an extensive construction simply depending on the increase of input is no longer proper. An intensive construction must have its day to: ①raise the medical quality; ②train the cross century medical specialists; ③level up the service quality; ④upgrade the general technical level; and ⑤heighten the overall hospital performance.


The relationship between corrosion rate and cooling water properties is studied with gray relational analysis methods. The main factors on corrosion in circle cooling water were found in accordance with gray relation grade, and the analysis conclusion is consistent with the actual situation.


The purpose of this study is to analyse the reading passages of Korean Scholastic Ability Test (KSAT) diachronically. To this end, a reading passage corpus is constructed based on the KSAT reading passages from 1994 academic year to 2017 academic year. The passages are analysed using Coh-Metrix which shows both statistical complexity of word and readability on the one hand and statistical complexity of sentence and semantic cohesion on the other. The passages are divided into three diachronic stages: 1990s between 1994 and 2000 academic year, 2000s between 2001 and 2010 academic year, and 2010s between 2011 and 2017 academic year. All the indices show a tendency that passages in 1990s stick to the principles of the KSAT introductory principles, but 2000s the difficulty level starts to fluctuate into more difficult direction and 2010s it continues to be from difficult to easy depending on the government intervention and the introductory of using EBS KSAT passages in the exam. It is concluded that KSAT has withered losing its functioning principles, and it has been long overdue calls for changing the exam.


1. Overview 2. Worst case setting 3. Average case setting 4. Worst-average case setting 5. Average-worst case setting 6. Asymptotic setting Bibliography Glossary Indices.


This paper was presented at AISTech 2019 in Pittsburgh, Pa., USA, and was published in the Conference Proceedings. Digital technologies are transforming industry at all levels. Steel has the opportunity to lead all heavy industries as an early adopter of specific digital technologies to improve our sustainability and competitiveness. This column is part of AIST's strategy to become the epicenter for steel's digital transformation, by providing a variety of platforms to showcase and disseminate Industry 4.0 knowledge specific for steel manufacturing, from big-picture concepts to specific processes. Modernization of Continuous Casting Machines in the Era of Intelligent Manufacturing


According to the characteristics of high-resolution remote sensing (RS) images, a new multifeature segmentation method of high-resolution remote sensing images combining the spectrum, shape, and texture features based on graph theory is presented in the paper. Firstly, the quadtree segmentation method is used to partition the original image. Secondly, the spectrum, shape, and texture weight components are calculated all based on the constructed graph. The matching degree between pixels and the texture is computed similarity. Finally, the ratio cut standards combination of the spectrum, shape, and texture weight components is used for the final segmentation. The experimental results show that this method can obtain more ideal results and higher segmentation accuracy applied to RS image than those traditional methods.


Objectives: To determine the response to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening by colonoscopy, through direct invitation or through invitation by general practitioners.


Abstract The article investigates the economic and social changes that have occurred over the last 30 years in two villages in Bihar, one of the poorest states in India. The two villages are on different development paths: one based on agricultural diversification and local non-agricultural employment, the other dependent on migration to distant labour markets. They therefore connect with India's overall growth in different ways. Neither development model delivers clearly superior outcomes in terms of incomes, nor are they exhausted, but the long-term sustainability of a migration-led model remains debatable.


The current amazement that the things we are experiencing are "still" possible in the twentieth century is not philosophical. This amazement is not the beginning of knowledge—unless it is the knowledge that the view of history that gives rise to it is untenable.

 Walter Benjamin (1970: 259)...


THE development of the methods used in communicating by electricity of recent years has been so rapid that few appreciate what has already been done and fewer still can make a guess at the nature of the developments the future has in store. In this connexion a suggestive collection of essays by Mr. John Mills will prove helpful to the ordinary reader, enabling him to understand the general principles used in the art of electrical communication and the limitations to which it is subject.Signals and Speech in Electrical Communication.By John Mils. Pp. vi + 281. (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1934.) n.p.


Hybrid systems associating the sharpness of anatomic images coming from computed tomography (CT) and radionuclide functional imaging (SPET or PET) are opening a new era in oncology. This multimodal imaging method is now routinely used for the diagnosis, extent, follow up, treatment response and detection of occult disease in different types of malignancies with a significant impact on the treatment strategy leading for a change for more than 68% of all investigated patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:602–606. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Now, the construction sludge that is produced from sites of soil-cement diaphragm walls (SMW sludge)is disposed as industrial wastes. Therefore, recycling the construction sludge brings the effective use of resource from the viewpoint of the environment preservation and also brings the reduction of the building expenses. Two ways of recycling are thought of •gRecycling A; for the material of subsequent SMW it utilizes the particle muddy water that is sifted from the SMW sludge with addition of water•h, and •gRecycling B; it utilizes the sludge with addition of water and soil stabilizer for backfill material.•h Recycling A could get unconfined compressive strength that was higher than the original SMW by the use of the particle muddy water. Recycling B could attain reach the target value by the SMW sludge that was adopted in the •gliquefied soil stabilization.•h


Based on the source function that generates waves in the computational domain deduced by Beji Boussinesq equation,a composite 4th-order Adams-Bashforth-Moulton scheme is used to simulate wish non-staggered grids.Dispersed in one dimension,it simulates constant water depth and submerged dyke topography.Compared numerical result and the experimental data,numerical data that use the source function agree well with the experimental data and numerical data that use generating boundaries.It suggests that this method using source function to generate waves in computational domain could simulate wave propagate well.


Wavelength-scale stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) waveguides are enabling novel on-chip functionalities. The microscale and nanoscale SBS structures and the complexity of the SBS waveguides require a characterization technique to monitor the local geometry-dependent SBS responses along the waveguide. In this work, we demonstrate an experimental spatial resolution of 500 μm, which can detect feature sizes down to 200 μm on a silicon–chalcogenide photonic waveguide using the Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis technique. We provide extensive simulation and analysis of how multiple acoustic and optical modes associated with geometrical variations influence the Brillouin spectrum.


Abstract Eagly, Chaiken, and Wood (1981) have proposed that, because communicators commonly argue for their vested interests, message recipients develop biased expectations. When these expectations are disconfirmed (when communicators seem to argue against their own interests), source credibility and message acceptance are thought to be enhanced. This study tested the Eagly et al. paradigm in a commercial advertising context, using 150 undergraduate subjects who viewed bogus advertisements. The model received general support, and some evidence for more elaborate information processing as a consequence of expectancy disconfirmation is presented. Arguments about intangible (styling) product features are shown to present particular problems.


This paper focuses on the design of a general system for evaluating competencies. The area of competency evaluating is widely applicable during the recruitment of new employees or the evaluation of existing employees or persons of any organisation or company. The proposed system includes identification of rated properties and their distribution into different categories. Another part of the system is setting the importance level for individual properties or categories. Another part of the system is evaluation of the categories of properties with the possibility of selecting the assessment method. At the end of the paper, the proposed system is experimentally verified. For experimental verification, we use an evaluation method based on a Takagi-Sugeno expert system.


Based on the interpretations of nature-oriented value direction as in traditional Chinese culture,the paper is intended to expound the influence of the value orientation on traditional sports culture by means of literature and logic analysis.The author holds that it is necessary to publicize,love,protect and learn from the nature,and that green sports should be introduced to promote harmonious development between human beings and the nature.


The invention provides a wireless access method and a wireless access point. The wireless access method is suitable for a wireless local area network and includes the steps that the AP receives detecting request information sent by a terminal STA, the type of the STA is determined by the AP according to frequency bands where the received detecting request information sent by the STA is located, wherein the type of the STA comprises the number of the frequency bands supported by the STA, and the AP sends detecting reply information to the STA in the corresponding frequency bands according to the type of the STA to enable the STA to have access to the wireless local area network. The wireless access method and the wireless access point are used for balancing loads in the wireless local area network.


A). The propagation vector star corresponds to the 5 times bigger unit cell given by transformation A = 2a + b, B =! a + 2b, C = c. A solution for the atomic structure is found in the space group I4/m with an ordered pattern of iron vacancies corresponding to the iron deficiency x = 0.29 and Cs stoichiometry y = 0.83. The superstructure satellites are more pronounced in the neutron diffraction patterns suggesting that they can have some magnetic contribution. We have sorted out all possible symmetry adapted magnetic configurations and found that the presence of antiferromagnetic ordering with the ordered magnetic moment of Fe with # 2µB does not contradict the experimental data. However, the solutions space is highly degenerate and we cannot choose a specific solution. Instead we propose possible magnetic configurations with the Fe magnetic moments in (ab )p lane or alongc axis. The superstructure is destroyed above Ts # 500 K by a first-order-like transition.


A digital-to-digital Sigma-Delta modulator (1) comprises an inlet (10) for receiving a digital input value (X) encoded over N bits, where N is a determined integer, an outlet (20) for outputting a value digital output (Y) encoded over n bits, where n is a specified integer less than N, and at least one first Sigma-Delta cell (100) includes a quantizer (Q1) having a quantization step (q) which is a prime number. Choosing a prime number decreases output limit cycles (higher power lines that the local mean) can occur depending on the input code of the modulator and initiales.Application conditions to a digital frequency synthesizer.


The paper borrows the concept of (non)concatenation from morphology and applies it to wordformation patterns both within and outside the scope of derivational morphology, arguing at the same time for a broader, lexicological approach to lexeme-formation (as a model of vocabulary expansion) than that identifying word-formation with derivational morphology. It arrives at the conclusion that the binary division of lexeme-formation into either concatenative or nonconcatenative patterns does not reflect the character of many patterns accurately enough.


Objective To examine the effect of target muscle injection with different dosages of Methycobal in the sciatic nerve regeneration of adult rats so as to determine a better method and proper dosage of Methycobal for clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Methods A total of 30 healthy Wistar rats were employed to make sciatic nerve injury model through immediate suture of the adventitia posterior to transection of the left sciatic nerve. The rats were divided randomly into three groups, ie, high dosage group (Methycobal for 300 μg/kg, Group A), low dosage group (Methycobal for 100 μg/kg, Group B) and control group (1 ml normal saline once a day, Group C),10 rats in each group. At 4 and 8 weeks, 5 rats from each group were taken to observe the effect of different dosages of Methycobal on rat sciatic nerve regeneration, where the detection indices included morphological changes and image analysis of sciatic nerves by optic and electron microscopic investigations as well as tricipital muscle wet weight. Results Four weeks after operation, tricipital muscle wet weight was (1.367±0.012) g in the Group A, (1.164± 0.011) gin the Group B and (0.950±0.009) g in the Group C, with significant difference among groups A, B and C (P0.05). Eight weeks after operation, tricipital muscle wet weight was (2.205±0.015) g in the Group A, (1.611±0.013) g in the Group B and (1.230± 0.014) g in the Group C, with significant difference among groups A, B and C (P0.05). Optic and electron microscopies showed that the transverse area of the sciatic nerve myelin sheath and the wall thickness in Group A was superior to that in Group B that was better than Group C four and eight weeks after operation. Conclusion Target muscle injection with Methycobal is dose-dependent, can promote the peripheral nerve regeneration and worths clinical application.


Field surveys were carried out to assess the butterfly species diversity in different seasons in Joggers Park, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India in 2021 using the line transect method with the aid of digital cameras and binoculars. Joggers Park is rich in floral diversity and therefore, good habitat for butterflies. Altogether, 38 species of butterflies were recorded which belonged to 27 genera and 6 families. Out of the total 38 butterfly species, 58% were common, 29% rare and 13% were the most common species respectively. Nymphalidae was the most dominant (maximum number of 7 genera and 11 species) among the six families. Maximum species richness was reported during summer (April, May and June) and minimum in the rainy season (July, August and September). The present study might be useful in creating awareness among common masses and encouraging the conservation of a wide array of indigenous species of butterfly in the study area.


In the Area Mapping Project (Preparation for the 2020 Population Census), there is monitoring and collecting data process on the progress of activities in the field. There are weaknesses in data collection on the progress of activities in the field; The manual recapitulation of progress reporting makes the progress data not displayed in real-time, the SMS Gateway is often interrupted, and progress data collection through the monitoring website is less effective if reported directly by field officers. Telegram Bot is used as a data collection tool for field progress reports on Area Mapping activities to overcome these weaknesses. This study aims to prove that Telegram Bot can be used as a real-time data collection tool, has good performance, and is acceptable to users. Telegram Bot is integrated with Monitoring Website into one system and database in this research. This system uses PHP, Yii2, and MySQL, and communication between the web server and Telegram Server uses the webhook method. Based on the Black Box test results, all functions in this system run as expected. The average bot response time was 7.72 seconds for images and 2.25 seconds for text data in the performance test. In the usability test, Telegram Bot obtained a SUS Score of 66 and an NPS of 12.195. These results show that Telegram Bot can be used as a real-time data collection tool, has good performance, and is well accepted by users.


The work includes the theoretical and practical research in the field of civil and land legislation. There are some conclusions based on the scientific analysis of the law and legal practice that were made containing the analysis of the problems related to the conclusion and state registration of real estate lease agreements and their execution. Some proposals on improvement of the existing Russian legislation were made by the author.


Proper electronic waste management is compulsory nowadays because, with improper management, the harmful substances in electronic waste will put humans and the environment at risk. The production of e-waste differs from domestic waste as it is not regular. It is vital to improve the e-waste management process. This paper presents a smart e-waste bin fill level monitoring system. This paper proposes a module for identifying fill level, display, and communication systems integrated with a mobile application. Different sensors are implemented to monitor the bin status in real-time. The system will alert the collection party on various scenarios through a mobile application, including the full bin and a fire in the container.


With the use of mathematical modeling the effect of high ambient temperatures, wind and system failures on approach and landing of Il-96-300 aircraft is estimated.


An Approach for Fuzzy Multiobjective Coordination Combinatorial Optimization using Multi Transition Neural Network Katsuhisa Yoshimoto, Student Member, Keiichiro Yasuda, Member, and Ryuichi Yokoyama, Member (Tokyo Metropolitan University) This paper proposes a method for applying Multi Transition Neural Network(MTNN) toward Fuzzy Multiobjective Coordination Combinatorial Optimization Problem(FMCOP). FMCOP has been puzzled over two kind of subjects which are pointed out until now. The one is how the membership function constructs, the other is how favorable solutions are obtained in reasonable time. To get satisfying membership function, interactive multiobjective programming which adjusts membership function interactively has been proposed. In examining whether the membership function is satisfying, plural favorable solutions are more desirable than the single optimal solution because comparison with solutions one another is made and this helps in judging membership function to be satisfying. Moreover, combinatorial optimization needs considerable computation time, so fast approximation methods have to be developed to obtain solutions in reasonable time. MTNN has transition on Hamming distance greater than 2 by means of struggle for existence in the similar consideration of simulated evolution. It can effectively search for lower energy state, while escaping from local minima iteratively. Applying MTNN to FMCOP, the above two subjects can be resolved because it is capable of searching for plural favorable solutions in reasonable time. In consequence of numerical examples, MTNN has been verified to be effective for FMCOP.


Effect of nitrogen phosphours and potassium fertilization on growth nutritional status and flower field of rosa damascena grown on sodic soils


Saturn's moon Titan is considered to be one of the prime locations for understanding the origins of life due to its rich environment of organic chemicals. A unique combination of dense atmosphere (more than four times that of the Earth), low gravity (one-sixth of that on the Earth) and small temperature variations makes Titan well-suited for studies with buoyant robotic vehicles (aerobots). Moreover, since the methane clouds obscure the entire surface, aerial platforms flying below the clouds are the only means of getting high-resolution global mapping of the Titan surface in the visible and infrared wavelengths. Major technical challenges for Titan aerobots include an extremely cold atmosphere (/spl sim/-90K), remoteness from the Earth (/spl sim/10 AU), which limit data transmission and prevents meaningful real-time control, and the consequent need for a high degree of autonomous operation. Remoteness from the Sun and obscuring cloud cover make nuclear energy the only practical source of power. Radioisotope thermal generators (RTGs) can provide sufficient power to give an aerobot limited propulsion capability. Propeller-driven aerobots are essentially airships that can move to specific targets on Titan rather than being constrained to travel with the prevailing winds. Such vehicles also can be used for in situ studies of the surface either through combined airship/rover concepts ("aerover") or through winching down an instrumented surface platform from a station-keeping airship. An airship baseline design is described including the key technical aspects of airship configuration, propulsion system, navigation and control concepts, data acquisition and communications. The resulting baseline design appears to be very attractive and suggests that airships are a good candidate for the post-Cassini exploration of Titan.


It feels like there is so much at stake when it comes to our kids and media usage, especially since most of the related headlines are negative." Posting about parenting wisely regarding technology from In All Things an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God's creation. https://inallthings.org/dismantling-the-question-of-how-much-screen-time-should-my-kid-have/


e12569Background: Biosimilars are defined as medical products that contains a version of the active substance with similar biological characteristics, efficacy, and safety as the original product. ...


SUMMARY Shearing effect on milk yield and milk composition was studied in Awassi type of Bulgarian dairy sheep synthetic population. Ten ewes, at their fourth month of lactation, were grazed on a natural pasture and were shorn in June. Milk yield from each ewe was recorded in the morning and in the afternoon milking. Milk samples for chemical analysis were taken on the day prior to, and on 2 nd , 5 th and 10 th day after shearing. Shearing influenced the rate of decline of daily milk yield. Changes in protein and total solids concentrations, even in the same direction, were lower than in fat content. Daily output of milk fat exceeded the pre shearing value on the 2 nd day after shearing. Protein and total solids yields in all samples were lower compared with the corresponding pre-shearing values reflecting the decline in daily milk yield. Hormonal and metabolic modifications related to adaptive adjustments seem to underlie the changes in milk yield and milk composition.


With the fast development of economic construction and rapid growth of car ownership, The traffic congestion has become an important social problem of urban development. The paper take Zhengzhou for example, we analyzed in the aspects of traffic supple and demands, road network structure and allocation of resources, traffic management, information construction of traffic and awareness of trarric safety. In view of the questions, we put forward effective measures to alleviate the traffice congestion.


Cytomegalovirus infection was believed for sixty years to be caused by an infectious agent. However, the virus causation of cytomegalovirus infection was not established until 1956 when Smith isolated inclusion-producing virus from the salivary gland of a seven month old infant dying of adrenal carcinoma and from renal tissue of a second infant dying of cytomegalic inclusion disease. Before this, cytomegalic inclusion disease was considered a rare and fatal disease found in infants dying of a syndrome resembling erythroblastosis fetalis, sepis, congenital toxoplasmosis or congenital syphilis. Pathognomonic inclusion-bearing cells were found in the salivary glands and it was assumed that these instances were not clinically significant. Cytomegalic inclusion disease was rarely found in adults and when it was found. it was found in patients dying of disease producing impaired resistance. The recent isolation of cytomegaloviruses has provided both the detection of active infection during life and the basis for development of the complement fixation test which can be used diagnostically.' It is being gradually realized that these agents have biological properties in a combination that makes them important and potent pathogens for man. ETIOLOGY: As mentioned, Smith isolated cytomegalovirus from two cases in 1956. Weller and associates in the following year isolated identical agents from three living infants with clinical cytomegalic inclusion disease. At the same time, they demonstrated the value of urine isolation in antemortem diagnosis. Rowe and associates (1956) were successful in isolating similar virus in degenerating cultures of adenoid tissue from the three infants. These isolated viruses had properties which enabled them to be included as members


ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Xiaolei Gao is first author on 'The spindle pole body of Aspergillus nidulans is asymmetrical and contains changing numbers of γ-tubulin complexes', published in JCS. Xiaolei is a post-doc in the lab of Reinhard Fischer at the Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe, Germany, where she focuses on elucidation of the organization of MTOCs at a molecular level.


The application expedience and stages expert evaluation, the conditions of the expert method use, the composition of the expert commission requirements and the qualification of the expert criterions are considered. The definition of the concordance factor for the judgments experts' concordance and the calculation for it are given. The Delphi method application in case the extent of the judgments experts' concordance isn't satisfactory is analyzed. The expert estimation methods of radio-electronic tools consumer properties at the life cycle different stages, depending on the method and the make an examination procedure (the direct dimension, the ranking, the comparison) are considered.


The debate on whether there is anything called "talent" has been laid to rest. It has been verified that there are indeed some talented individuals. Identifying talent has many benefits. So, identifying and developing talented individual in all human domains, sport inclusive, has become a big business. If the organization is to stay ahead of its competitors, such entity must recruit and develop talented individuals. Unfortunately, there are yet no accurate and objective means of identifying talented individuals, be it in sport or other domains. It is more difficult in sport because of its complex and dynamic nature. The purpose of this study therefore, is to propose a template for identifying and developing sport talents.


Summary The aim of this paper is to give a summary account of eleven centuries of Icelandic population development. Iceland represents the most extreme inhospitable environment in which a European people has been able to survive and maintain its culture; none has been so persistently ravaged by natural calamities. The first modern national census in the world was taken in Iceland in 1703, and is a relatively untapped source of data on a population of almost three centuries ago. Of particular note in the demographic history of Iceland is the high incidence of cohabitation and de jure illegitimacy. Iceland is now demographically similar to the other Scandinavian countries except in her relatively high fertility and very high rate of illegitimacy.


Abstract Interest rate risk for portfolios with random cash flows is mitigated via minimizing its ℒ 2 {\mathcal{L}^{2}} -measure. A link between monotonicity of linear operators and immunization under cone restrictions is examined. The results are based on the Hilbert space methods applied to incomplete markets.


This article examines how the classical concept of testimony is challenged in the longstanding controversy over Knut Hamsun's Nazi sympathies. Discussing case documents, press reports, biographies, cinematic representation and Hamsun's own 'literary testimony', the article clarifies the consequences of the different discursive modes through which testimony is reiterated and recycled, and elaborates this with reference to Jacques Derrida's discussion of the relation between fiction and testimony.


The background and definition of mobile geographic information service are introduced.The solutions for server are analyzed in detail,and seven tiers architecture,including client tier,connection tier,gateway,the platform for mobile business and location,service provider,GIS service and database,is presented.Four key technologies including wireless location,map buffer,multi-scale representation of spatial data and spatial data model of mobile terminal oriented are discussed.The solution based on J2ME/J2EE and its prospective are presented.


According to the influence factors of the production process, a plan for the optimization of the production process in A Company was designed. It focuses on the control of the production line modularity and product flow process, as well as the design of quality improvement plan. Based on the analysis of the current situation of production and logistics system of large power generation equipment manufacturing enterprises, this paper focuses on the existing problems and improvement methods of the logistics and storage system. the logistics system of A company is analyzed from three aspects, including the operation mode, system structure, organization structure and performance appraisal. Based on that, the logistics warehousing system is analyzed in detail and the existing problems of the existing logistics warehousing system in A company are put forward. The paper summarizes the optimization design of logistics and warehousing system of A company, and then details the organizational structure, storage information system, resource integration and implementation steps, and finally establishes the performance evaluation system of logistics and warehousing system.


Based on the basic observations and automatic hourly data as well as the initial field of numerical prediction of T639,two typical severe sand storm weather processes which occurred on March 19,2010 and April 28,2011 in Gansu were analyzed by using the synoptic and climate diagnostic methods from aspects of the circulation situation,and single station ground meteorological elements,jet stream, vertical speed,stability and so on. The results show before the two sanstorm processes there were nearly similar climatic backgrounds with higher temperature and less precipitation. The circulation patterns of the two sanstorm processes were baroclinic trough and strong front zone at the upper level,strong cold high pressure on surface layer and Mongolia cyclone ahead of front or thermal low. The configuration of high and low air jet and the evolution of surface meteorological elements had some some indication to sandstorm weathers. But because of difference of path and intensity of cold air during the two sandstorm process,the influences were also different.


One-directional, two-layer artificial neural networks were applied to evaluating the technological modernity of agricultural tractors. A set of neural networks was developed which enabled evaluating of particular tractors assemblies in details as well as a general evaluation of the whole machine. The engine, gear box, hydraulic system, ergonomic features were assessed separately, next on such a basis and considering the tractor weight and power, general evaluation was completed. Tests of 31 brand-named tractors were used as the examples to developing the ANN models (teaching and testing). The tractors' technological progression was evalu-ated by a team if independent experts. Functioning of developed ANN's has been positively verified on an example of the Ursus tractors.


We prove that the capacity associated to the signed vectorvalued Riesz kernel x |x|1+α in R n, 0 < α < n, α / ∈ Z, vanishes on compact sets with finite α-Hausdorff measure that satisfy an additional density condition.


Objective To characterise impulse control problems in familial PD, and explore genetic associations Background Impulse control disorders are pathological behaviours that include hypersexuality, compulsive gambling, shopping and eating. Methods Participants were recruited through the BNSU as part of the Parkinson's Families Project. Demographic and clinical data were collected using validated scales, including the QUIP-S. Whole Exam Sequencing was completed for 31 participants and we undertook a candidate SNP analysis. ICD status was assigned using either ≥1 or 2 positive answers to the ICD behaviours in the QUIP Results There were 145 participants with ≥1 1 st or 2nd degree relative with PD. Using the published criteria of the QUIP-S 33% had ≥1 ICD (compulsive buying 16.8%, hypersexuality 13.3%, compulsive eating 12.8%, pathological gambling 7.9%). This contrasted to a 10.8% overall prevalence when both questions to each behaviour were positive (hyper sexuality 6.9%, compulsive buying 3.0%, pathological gambling 2.5%, compulsive eating 0%). None of the published clinical risk factors were statistically different in the ICD +vs ICD- groups. One SNP (rs1806201) in GRIN2B showed a significant association with ICD status using 2 positive answers on the QUIP. This didn't survive Bonferroni correction Conclusion Using the two-response cutoff for the QUIP-S significantly changes the the positive rate of the QUIP-S, which may increase the PPV, potentially at the expense of reducing the NPV. We continue to work on genetic associations with ICD in PD.


A shallow M7.0 earthquake occurred off-shore to the west of Fukuoka City in northern Kyushu district, Japan, on March 20, 2005. We attempted to apply ENVISAT/InSAR to detect spatially detailed crustal deformation associated with this earthquake. A displacement of -8cm in the line-of-sight component was found on the Itoshima Peninsula located to the south of the fault, and one of +5cm was found in an east area of the fault. The displacements obtained from InSAR analysis corresponded to within 1cm of those from GEONET. This pattern corresponded roughly with crustal deformation induced by a left-lateral fault slip directed to the west-northwest that was suggested from seismic data. We attempted to estimate a fault-slip distribution by inverting crustal deformations obtained from InSAR and GEONET, and an asperity related to this earthquake was found at a shallow depth just above the hypocenter of the mainshock. Around the hypocenter of the largest aftershock that occurred after SAR observations, the left-lateral fault slip was insignificant. This suggests that the largest aftershock occurred in the locked area, not in the area where a fault rupture had occurred.


ABSTRACT Using autoethnography and a personal essay format, this essay explores the process of exposure and erasure—both successively and simultaneously—endured by fat children in gym classes and by fat athletes in adulthood. The social narrative about fat bodies and fat people as lazy, ineffective, and uninterested in physical pursuits is so powerful and pervasive that fat bodies are erased or persistently seen as novel or anomalous, despite their persistence through time and across athletic pursuits. The essay also handles the temporal stretching that photography allows, wherein viewers can bring what they're seeing into existence through the proof of a static image. The author's own collusion with social messages is also explored here, along with the shift in her self-erasure practices.


A phase-noise-cancelled coherent subcarrier fiber- optic communication system that uses integrated-optic Mach- Zehnder waveguide modulators for frequency-pair encoding is introduced. Optical double-sideband suppressed-carrier signals with the same random phase noise and information encoded in the frequency separation of the two sidebands are generated by properly biasing the modulator. Phase noise is eliminated at the receiver by a nodhear operation on the two sidebands. System performance analysis with numerid examples, taking into ac- count the modulation index and laser normalized linewidth, is presented.


A simple and practical method for the synthesis on a large scale of altretamine (1), a wellknown
antitumor drug, has been successfully developed. The synthesis method involves the conversion
of cyanuric chloride (2) into altretamine (1) by dimethylamination of 2 with an aqueous solution of
40% dimethylamine and potassium hydroxide in 1, -dioxan 4in one step to give altretamine (1) in high
yield.


Introduction: With conventional heart rate (HR) control systems, the exercising person is bound to walk or run at a pace determined by the feedback. This may be challenging for people with impairments that make it difficult for them to achieve a smooth, continuous pace. The aim of this work was to assess the technical feasibility of a novel self-paced heart rate control strategy and to compare its accuracy with conventional heart rate control. Methods: We propose a self-paced heart rate control system that embeds an automatic positioning controller within the heart rate control loop. The treadmill speed command is decoupled from the heart rate compensator, whereas speed is determined by the exerciser's own volition: target speed is displayed visually to the person and, when they try to follow this target, the position controller sets the treadmill speed while keeping the person at a safe reference position on the track. A further novel contribution of this work is a new input-sensitivity-shaping, frequency-domain design strategy for feedback control of position. Results: Experimental evaluation with four participants showed that self-paced heart rate control is technically feasible: all participants were able to accurately follow the target running speed calculated by the HR compensator and presented to them visually; for all four participants, self-paced HR tracking accuracy was not substantially different from conventional HR control performance; on average, the self-paced heart rate controller gave slightly better performance than conventional HR control, with RMS tracking error of 2.98 beats per minute (bpm) vs 3.11 bpm and higher average control signal power. Conclusion: The proposed self-paced heart rate control strategy with embedded automatic position control is deemed feasible. This approach may be helpful for people with gait impairments or other limitations that make it difficult for them to follow an imposed treadmill speed.


The rigid provisions of contract period of arable land stabilize contract relations of the agricultural land,and also are endorsed by farmers.However,those provisions as well as their supporting policies have not been strictly implemented in practice because they disobey farmers' fair concept of "equal division of land" and "survival ethics" in the rural society.Weighing various restrictive factors,a system of flexible period of land contract should be implemented in order to enhance its affinity,and the system should be kept stable in bulk and just could be made appropriate adjustments.


Spectroscopic monitoring of 141 southern field B-type stars, 114 of them known to exhibit the Be phenomenon, allowed the estimation of their projected rotational velocities, effective temperatures and superficial gravities from both line and equivalent width fitting procedures. Stellar ages, masses and bolometric luminosities were derived from internal structure models. Without taking into account the effects of gravity darkening, we note the occurrence of the Be phenomenon in later stages of main-sequence phase.


Introduction 'Chiron' approach synthesis is a method of synthesis which utilizes the stereochemistry of the starting material as chiral pool for the synthesis of functionally and stereochemically complex natural products and natural productlike molecules1•2. Chiral pool materials can be derived from carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, terpenes, etc. Since long we know that carbohydrates are rich source of energy for metabolic processes that are going on in the living system. The monoand oligosaccharide units of carbohydrates are carrier for information in many recognition processes at the molecular level. Carbohydratebased building blocks (CBBs), the terminology given by Alessandro Dondoni3, are very cost-effective if they are derived from inexpensive sugars. Apart from that, commercially available carbohydrates are being utilized by synthetic organic chemists as versatile CBBs for the synthesis of various types of chiral molecules. Natural products have played a key role in drug discovery and development process by providing various novel biological active molecules exhibiting anticancer, antiprotozoal, antifeedant, anathematic, antiepileptic and antimicrobial activities. Some of them have seen great success as clinically useful medicines4. It has been seen during the last few years that cancer is now the most frequent causative disease of deaths and has got the first place5 in the developed countries (specially in the United States). Quite a good number of natural products especially having anticancer activity have been identified during recent years. These naturally occurring anticancer molecules have aroused immense interest among the chemists to develop them or their various analogues as powerful synthetic drugs. American Chemical Society released a data in 2009 showing that more than 14,79,350 new cases of cancer (all types, excluding basal and squamous cell skin cancers) are detected each year in the United States alone, that led to 40,000 deaths and the same trend can be observed for developing countries also. So there is a pressing need for safe and effective antitumor agent to control cancer.


We aimed to determine the effect of manual removal and spontaneous delivery of placenta on operative time and post cesarean infection . It was a prospective study on 2 62 women with normal and term pregnancy . Those were selected for electiv e cesarean section in Razi and I mam khomeini hospitals in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences . The subjects were select by simple random sampling in two groups based on th e method of pla cental removal: study group (manual p lacental removal were 131) and control group ( spontaneous placental removal were 131) . Post cesarean endometritis was determined by at l e a st two temperature > 38/50 6 h apart after the first 24 h . Till 10 days offer cesarean section and uterin e tenderness or foul - smelling lochia . Operative time was recorded from the initial skin incision to the completion of skin closure. There was no significant difference in incidence of post cesarean infe ction between two groups. ( Study group % 11/4 and control group % 9/9 p > 0.05 ). The mean time of interval between newborn birth and placental removal in spontaneous delivery was 4 1/2 min ute as compare with manual removal group that was 1 1/1 min ute (p < 0.001) . However this span was more in study group there were no significant difference in total operating time between the two groups. The finding of our study s uggest s that, there is not an association between the method of pl a centa l d elivery and post cesarean infection in elective cesarean section.


A numerical study of flow in the rectangular vertical microchannel for drug screening applications is described. The flow characteristics through the microchannel are presented by incompressible Naiver-Stroke equations. Flow rate is evaluated from numerical modeling to simulate the drug flow through the microchannel. Here in this study, computational fluid dynamics based finite element method commercial software COMSOL is used for simulation of drug flow through the artery for cancer drug screening applications. The simulation work also presents the diffusion velocity at the intersection area between the drug and cancer cells..


This paper studies a sample of firms that changed their auditors and examines the potential agency cost issues that may arise. We find that on average the stock market interprets auditor changes as an agency cost because the changes seem to be management entrenching events. We also document that board of director composition influences the stock market's interpretation of the auditor change announcements and therefore that a board of directors can protect firms from management entrenchment behavior.


The present study concentrates on the empirical formulas of Goda [1975, 2009]. The formulas were proposed for computing the transformation of three common representative wave heights (i.e. H 1/3, H max and H m0) on plane beaches. The objectives of the present study are to verify the Goda formulas for computing the transformation of H 1/3, H max and H m0 on unbarred beaches and to extend the formulas for computing the transformation of H m, H rms and H 1/10. Laboratory data from small-scale and large-scale wave flumes with unbarred beach conditions are used to verify the formulas. The verification shows that the formulas give very good predictions of H 1/3 and H m0, but give fair prediction of H max. The formulas are rewritten in the form of a general formula. The general form of Goda formulas is recalibrated and extended to compute other representative wave heights (i.e. H m, H rms and H 1/10). The general formula gives very good predictions of H m, H rms, H 1/3, H 1/10, H max and H m0.


Probabilistic failure risk analysis is important in recent development of airworthiness. In the fracture mechanics module of probabilistic failure risk analysis, efficient and accurate stress intensity factor (SIF) solutions are vital. Universal weight function (UWF) is a method that has a remarkable computational efficiency and high accuracy in SIF calculation. However, the concrete coefficients in the UWF remain unknown, and the rules of the geometric parameters and these coefficients have not been clarified. This limitation hinders the subsequent application of the method. This article discusses general off-center embedded cracks. The response surface method (RSM), as a means of database establishment, is used to construct the relations between the coefficients in the UWF and geometric parameters. The mean absolute percentage errors of the SIFs between UWF and finite element method are less than 4% within a certain range. Gaussian process regression is adopted to better fit the data, especially when the crack is near the plate boundary and the R-square is over 0.96. In addition, the effect of the offset distance on SIFs is discussed for a certain embedded crack in a given plate. Results show that changes in the SIFs are dependent on the plate boundary in the uniform stress field. However, stress predominates the changes in the SIFs when the crack is not very close to the plate boundary in the nonuniform distributed stress fields. The databases and discussion that followed can provide some reference and inspiration for further research.


Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide medical problem as 7-11% of world population have diabetes as reported by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2015 [1] and the number of T2DM patients is expected to reach 438 million by 2030 worldwide [2]. However, greater than 90% of this number is either overweight or obese [3]. Diabetes mellitus has a high impact on morbidity and mortality as diabetes mellitus associated with 2-4 fold risk for cardiovascular diseases and stroke in addition, diabetes is considered as a leading cause of renal disorders [4-6].


Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major and widespread health problem. Its main and most threatening complication, ischemic stroke, is responsible for a great number of deaths and disability worldwide. This makes anticoagulation a priority in AF management. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) are currently the most effective and safe option for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban and dabigatran are non-inferior to warfarin in terms of stroke and systemic embolism prevention. However, warfarin use is associated with higher rates of major bleedings than any NOAC. Different drugs and mechanism of action among NOACs may result in differences in terms of efficacy and safety between them. This review aims to assess these differences by summarizing data available in online databases and European Society of Cardiology guidelines. There are major studies comparing each of NOACs to warfarin, however there is only limited data comparing apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran directly. Both direct and indirect comparisons suggest that apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran use is associated with similar reduction of stroke and systemic embolism risk. In terms of safety, anticoagulation with apixaban results in lower major bleeding risk relative to dabigatran and rivaroxaban.


Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most frequent form of dementia. A small percentage of cases is inherited (Familial AD, FAD) and is due to dominant mutations on three genes, coding for Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), Presenilin-1 (PS1) and Presenilin-2 (PS2).
Mutations in these proteins cause alterations in the cleavage of APP by a PS1- or PS2- containing enzyme, named У-secretase, thus leading to an increase in the ratio between As42 and As40, the two main peptides finally derived from APP maturation. This in turn would increase the deposition of the "Amyloid Plaques", one of the main histopathological feature of AD. To date, the generation of As42 peptides, its oligomers and finally amyloid plaques is the core of the most widely accepted pathogenic hypothesis for AD, the "Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis".
PS1 and PS2 are ubiquitous "9 trans-membrane domains" homologous proteins localized mainly in the membranes of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, endosomes and plasma membrane. Despite being the catalytic core of У-secretase, PSs display also some specialized, У-secretase independent activities. On this line, numerous studies reported a role for FAD-linked PS mutations in cellular calcium (Ca2+) alterations.
Ca2+ is a key second messenger in living cells and it regulates a multitude of cell functions; thus, alterations in its signaling cascade can be detrimental for cell fate. Ca2+ mishandling has been proposed as a causative mechanism for different neurodegenerative diseases and in particular for AD. Although supported by several groups for many years, the Ca2+ hypothesis for AD pathogenesis has never been undisputedly accepted, since some data were clearly in contrast, especially those considering PS2 mutations.
In our lab, it was previously shown that several FAD PS2 mutants, but not PS1, reduce ER and Golgi apparatus Ca2+ content, mainly by interfering with SERCA activity.
Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated on the existence of continuous flux of information between the ER and mitochondria, two organelles whose privileged interplay modulate key aspects of cell pathophysiology, ranging from lipid metabolism and Ca2+ homeostasis to cell death.
Several proteins have been suggested to be involved in keeping the ER and mitochondria at a given distance, allowing the correct organization, their mutual interactions and Ca2+ cross-talk. Among them, mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), which is located on both the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) and the ER surface, has been shown to take part in homotypic interactions that contribute to the tethering at the level of mitochondria-associated-membranes.(MAMs). Interestingly, also PS1 and PS2 are enriched in MAMs: we have recently demonstrated that PS2, but not PS1, is able to modulate ER-mitochondria tethering and their Ca2+ cross-talk, with PS2-FAD mutants more potent than their wt counterpart in this novel function.
We here investigate the molecular mechanism by which PS2 favours ER-mt tethering, taking into consideration the possibility that PS2 effect depends on the presence of Mfn2.
By crossed genetic complementation and ablation experiments, we found that, in order to modulate ER-mitochondria coupling, PS2 requires the expression of Mfn2 and viceversa. In contrast, their homologues PS1 and Mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) are completely dispensable for these functions. Functional and biochemical evidence indicates that PS2 (wt and FAD) needs to physically interact, via its big cytosolic loop, with Mfn2 at both sides of MAM domains, likely forming, or stabilizing, a triple complex made by itself, ER and mitochondrial Mfn2.
Our results clearly suggest that PS2 and Mfn2 cooperate and need one each other to promote ER-mitochondria apposition. On the contrary, their homologues PS1 and Mfn1 are completely dispensable in this function.
In order to explain the stronger effect of FAD-PS2 compared to wt, we performed protein subcellular fractionation from mouse brains, and we observed that in transgenic (tg) mice, carrying FAD-PS2-N141I mutation, PS2 is strongly enriched in MAMs, compared to controls. Moreover, in tg mice also Mfn2 levels are slightly increased in MAMs, thus possibly explaining the stronger tethering in presence of FAD mutations.
We proposed a model in which, being FAD-PS2 more enriched in MAMs compared to wt, it could here recruit more Mfn2 (by physically interacting with it both in cis and in trans) and form more PS2-Mfn2 complexes critical for determining the apposition between the two organelles.
Finally, the increase in ER-mitochondria coupling was observed not only in FAD-models over-expressing the mutated form of PS2, but also in human fibroblasts from patient carrying the PS2-N141I mutation, thus a condition in which the mutated protein exerts its function independently of any artefact due to its over-expression.
Further investigations will be focused to highlight the mechanism that promotes accumulation into MAMs of FAD-PS2 and whether these stronger FAD-PS2-linked effects on ER-mitochondria coupling are involved in the pathogenesis of AD


Two kinds of main factors affecting the set point of a streaming current detector are analyzed in this paper. One kind of factors, such as the quality of water sources and the condition of coagulator, affects the test value directly;the other kind of factors affects the process of coagulation and sedimentation, and leads to the change of the set value. Based on the analysis, some suggestions are proposed for the selection of the set point of a streaming current detector.


Aim and Methods:To study the effect of ventricular fibroblasts increase beating rate on cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes by using cell culture and RTPCR technique. Results: We found that conditioned growth medium (FCGM) of cultured neonatal rat ventricular fibroblast within 48 h could significantly increase beating rate of neonatal rat cardiomyocyte, the response was the timedependent and dosedependent; BQ 123 , an ET A receptor antagonist, partly blocked the effect, but CV11974, Ang Ⅱ Itype receptor antagonist and Regitin, αadrenergic receptor antagonist did not. The results of RTPCR indicated that there was the expression of ppET1 mRNA in venticular fibroblasts, cardiac myocytes and skin fibroblasts, but the abundance of ppET1 mRNA was the highest in the ventricular fibroblasts. The FCGMinduced increase in cardiomyocyte beating rate was inhibited partly by pertuses toxin (PTX).Conclusion: There were substances in FCGM on positive chromotropic actions of cardiomyocytes,which were ET1 and others. The groups of fibroblasts could secreted ET1, and this was not the specify of ventricular fiblroblast. The effect of FCGM increase beating rate on cultured cardiomyocytes was related with PTX sensitive G protein.


Robert S. DuPlessis. 2016. The Material Atlantic: Clothing, Commerce, and Colonization in the Atlantic World, 1650-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 351 pp. Between the mid-seventeenth and the late eighteenth centuries European expansion and commerce were at their zenith. They gave shape to the early Atlantic world, a world of complex internal and external networks, which made it dynamic, diverse, enduring and ultimately global. These networks were involved in extensive cultural and population transfers and ruptures and set up new economies and societies. Following the construction of the Atlantic world, commercial trends, fabric consumption, and sartorial cultures appeared. Clothing was at the core of these diverse economic and socio-cultural phenomena. The Material Atlantic is primarily about these commercial patterns, their acquisition and uses. It looks into how men and women belonging to various ethnic, social, occupational, and class categories designed the apparel from all sorts of materials in a variety of geo-climatic, political, and socio-cultural environments, which offered opportunities for innovation and imposed stringent constraints at the same time. This engaging and profoundly documented account alters and extends the existing scholarship on globalization in the early modern period, the Atlantic world, and consumption. It depicts the fabrics and attire accessible to consumers, traces the methods and occasions of their acquisition, analyzes the meanings of their usages, and explicates the implications of these crucial developments on global textile industries before the advent of the factory system. These developments included large-scale enslavement, the proliferation of new and sourced goods, the alteration of consumer behavior and attitudes, and the assertion of social identities. Fabrics and garments became indeed the dominant interculturally exchanged consumer goods. Their economic significance was obvious, while their meaning was less so. Dress includes personal expression and social status and prestige. For that, it provokes a whole range of pictorial representations. The material Atlantic covered a vast geographical area stretching from the independent indigenous states of Cape Coast Castle on the West African Coast, Angola and neighboring kingdoms in West Central Africa, to Spanish Buenos Aires, Dutch Cape Town, the Southern district of French Caribbean Saint Domingue, British colonial Port Royal, and the continental North American French colonies of New Orleans, rural Louisiana, and Montreal. In this Atlantic, European rafficking, Catholic conversion, and colonization intermingled and thrived. …


Shui Hu Chuan is one of the best known Chinese classic novels which have come down through ages. It not only has a certain impact on Chinese literature, but also wins a high praise all over the world. This paper is attempt to compare the two English versions from the transference of the stylistic meaning and the implantation of the cultural meaning.


The indoor use of open ethanol burning fireplaces is a common decorative trend. In contrast to wood burning fireplaces that feature enclosure and/or chimneys, all combustion products that ethanol fireplaces generate are released into the indoor environment. Due to the fact that the fuel is burned in liquid or gel form, complete combustion can be expected. Even though the fireplaces show no significant visible smoke they can be assumed to be strong sources for (ultra)fine particles (UFP). The present study reports emission test chamber experiments of ethanol fireplaces with a series of liquid and gel fuels.


As the title of my article can indicate, the primary aim of this "brief introduction" is to present the concept of intentionality of one of the world's leading philosophers John R. Searle. Searle is known for his severe criticism of the dominant traditions in the study of mind, both materialist and dualist, and we may also recall his familiar argument called "the Chinese Room" against theories of "artificial intelligence". The concept of intentionality was founded when philosophers attempted to describe and solve the philosophical problem of specific "quasi-relations" between consciousness and objects and the direction of our mind or language to the real world. I am referring to situations in which we say for instance: "A thinks about p", ,JB maintains that g", "X asks question if y" and so on. "Intentionality" is a technical philosophical term which means being directed at, about or of objects. This term has a long history in philosophy. It is generally considered that the concept of intentionality was originally used by scholastic philosophers in the Middle Ages, and then it was reintroduced into European philosophy by the Austrian philosopher Franz Brentano (1833-1917). Today we know that Aristotle formulated explicitly the problem of intentionality and also made


The living population inhabiting soil includes macrofauna, mesofauna, microfauna and microflora that control the ecosystem functioning. This is done through decomposition and nutrient cycling which serve as the important indicators of land-use change and ecosystem health (Doran and Zeiss 2000; Waldrop et al. 2000; Yao et al. 2000). They play significant role for enhancing soil fertility as well as plant growth and are involved in many biochemical reaction including nutrient transformation and mineralization activities in soils. However, the study of soil microorganisms is difficult and our current understanding limited. The first step towards increase in the knowledge of these microbiological parameters and to bring a change in its scenario is to know the degree of spatial variability of these soil properties. This is considered to be the most critical step in the decision making process for a more rational management of soil, be it International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 4 (2017) pp. 1132-1145 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


This study focuses on revisiting the tectostratigraphic framework of the Ulleung Basin and conceptualizing neotectonics around the western East Sea margin. Based on the analysis of 2D and 3D multi-channel seismic reflection data and offshore drill wells, we divided the entire sedimentary successions of the Ulleung Basin into four tectostratigraphic sequences, named TS1 (c. 23–16 Ma), TS2 (c. 16–9 Ma), TS3 (c. 9–4 Ma), and TS4 (c. 4 Ma–present), in ascending order. The results show that each sequence has been deformed once or multiple times in different periods by juxtaposing two major compressional structures named the Dolgorae Thrust-Fold Belt and the Gorae Anticline. Interpretation of the stratal deformation and termination patterns of the syn- and post-deformational sequences of each structures suggests that the thrusting and folding of the Dolgorae Thrust-Fold Belt was active from c. 16 Ma to c. 9 Ma under the NNW–SSE compressional stress regime (Stage-2), whereas the Gorae Anticline was active from 4 Ma to the present under the ENE–WSW compressional stress regime (Stage-4). Between these two compressional events, there was an intervening period of regional slow subsidence driven by thermal contraction of the back-arc lithosphere and isostatic sedimentary loading (Stage-3). Based on the stratigraphic and structural reconstruction, we propose a 4-stage tectonic model: Stage-1) back-arc opening stage associated with the southward drift of the Japanese islands (c. 23–16 Ma), Stage-2) tectonic-inversion stage in association with the reorganization of the Pacific and Philippine Sea plates and clockwise rotation of SW Japan (c. 16–9 Ma), Stage-3) post-inversion stage with regional thermal and isostatic subsidence (c. 9–4 Ma), and Stage-4) neotectonic stage in which embryonic subduction is nucleating on the East Sea margins under the E–W compressional stress regime (c. 4 Ma–present).


A 42-years-old man who was presented to our department with the clinical complaint of multiple papulonodular lesions on his face evolved since the age of 14 years. His mother also has similar lesions on her face. The man has no clinical symptoms associated with the lesions. At the clinical examination, the patient has numerous papular and nodular of variable size and normal skin color situated at the level of the nasolabial fold, the nose, and the internal nail of the orbit without resulting in any deformation (Figure1, below). Through Dermoscopy, we found out a calcification, an hyperpigmentation and a telangiectasia. (Figure 2 below). The histological study confirms trichoblastoma, and the diagnosis of Brooke-Spiegler Syndrome (SBS) was retained in front of the multiple aspect of lesions.


PURPOSE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator alteplase in the clearance of poorly functioning tunneled hemodialysis catheters.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of 25 patients who presented with poorly functioning hemodialysis catheters and were treated with alteplase. After confirming fluoroscopically the need for thrombolytic therapy, alteplase was administered over 2 hours as a 2.5-mg/hour/catheter lumen infusion (total 10 mg). Treatment was considered a clinical success if a flow rate of 250 mL or more per minute was established.

RESULTS
Clinical success was achieved in each of 25 patients (100%). There were no thrombolytic-related complications. Catheter survival was extended 30 days in 54% of patients and 45 days in 33% of patients.

CONCLUSION
Alteplase is a safe and effective means of producing clearance of blocked tunneled catheters.


FIELD: radio engineering, communication. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transmission of discrete information or transmission of data and is intended for application in devices for receiving (decoding) signals in communication systems, particularly in multipath channels. The method includes cross-correlation processing of received signals in each of M ≥ 2 decoding channels, where in at least one of the decoding channels cross-correlation processing of received signals is performed in a multichannel manner based on the Doppler velocity of the carrier of the transmitter relative to the carrier of the receiver; measuring the Doppler compression of the time scale in the received signal; based on the measurement result, correcting the time scale of the reference function used for each cross-correlation processing of the received signals in at least M-1 decoding channels; making a decision on the received code based on the results of cross-correlation processing in at least M-1 decoding channels. The positive effect is achieved by adjusting reference functions of correlators performing cross-correlation processing under the compression (or stretching) of the time scale of the received signal updated by the current Doppler Effect. This adjustment is realised by the same compression of the time scale of said reference functions. EFFECT: enabling message decoding with moving receiver and/or transmitter carriers. 2 dwg


Aim: To study frequency of isolated systolic hypertension in elderly hypertensive. Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of medicine, POF Hospital Wah Cantt Duration of study: For 3 month's period i.e. from 24th December 2009 to 24th March 2010. Method: Total 148 cases, both male and female, of more than 50 yrs age were taken. Blood pressure of all these subjects were taken by standard sphygmomanometer on presentation and after 02 weeks while patient was lying comfortably for at least five minutes. Mean of two readings was taken as final blood pressure. These hypertensive patients of more than 50 years were enrolled from both, inpatients as well as out-patient department of POF Hospital Wah Cantt. A specially designed proforma was used to collect data by nonrandom probability sampling. Results: Among the 148 cases, 24(16.2%) were found to have isolated systolic hypertension, 20(13.5%) were falling in the range of borderline isolated systolic hypertension, systolic diastolic hypertension was seen in 82(55.4%) of cases, and 8(5.4%) were found to have diastolic hypertension. Conclusion: Frequency of isolated systolic hypertension was observed to be increasing in elder age group. As the frequency of systolic hypertension increases in elderly, the risk of stroke, cardiovascular diseases and ischemic heart disease also increases. Among blood pressure indices, systolic blood pressure remains main predictor of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy and renal dysfunction. Cardiovascular risk increases progressively doubling for every 20/10 mm of Hg rise in blood pressure. Though the incidence is falling in West but is rising in Asia.


This report describes the VA Accountability Act of 2015 (H.R. 1994) as reported to the House by the Committee on Veterans' Affairs on July 23 2015 and compares it to current law where appropriate.


International business groups are increasingly using terminal systems as workstations. At the same time, virtual machine servers are often located in the head structure, while remote offices have to connect to them using terminals. Currently, the security of terminal access systems is ensured by the robustness of communication protocols between a terminal and a host. To improve the security of such connections, the concept of Multi-hop VPN chains has recently been used. Its essence lies in the use of a set of intermediate VPN servers, the interaction of which is organized according to a certain rule for the purpose of multiple "repackaging" of traffic between subnets or through end-to-end tunneling. At the same time, the speed of building such an overlay structure and the delay indicator between the end nodes are important tasks. Therefore, the task of fast building Multi-hop VPN chains with a given security level and the condition of the minimum allowable network delay is relevant. A method for building dynamic Multi-hop VPN chains to ensure the security of terminal access systems is proposed in the paper. The method is based on solving a set of combinatorial best choice problems. The method provides for both scheduled hopping of the route in the chain, and unscheduled one conditioned by a failure of the VPN server or exceeding the threshold network delay between a terminal and a host. The paper presents the results of comparative experiments with the well-known NeuroRouting approach. It is shown that the developed method is more flexible than NeuroRouting. By carrying out experiments, it was found that the use of the developed method allows obtaining a gain in connection security by increasing the frequency of chain hopping; reducing the time delay of data exchange between the host and the terminal through a chain of VPN servers up to 15%.


Customarily, modern critics discuss the Garden of Adonis in terms of Books III and IV of The Faerie Queene; but considering Spenser's willingness to publish the first three books of his poem as a separate unit, we may assume that the narrative, the allegory, and the philosophy of each of those three books are sufficiently self-contained to stand alone. And this means that the Garden of Adonis episode would stand in relation to the original concluding situation of Book III as the House of Holinesse stands to the final situation of Book I, or the Castle of Alma to the destruction of Acrasia's Bower.


Abstract In this essay, we address the perspective of progressive educators who maintain that academic curricula should be approached through the use of a critical pedagogy. We begin with a review of theories and methods in critical pedagogy and present a set of social and institutional issues that mediate against its use in social work education. We argue that, paradoxically, many of these obstacles in fact make the use of a critical pedagogy indispensable. Basic philosophical, conceptual, and methodological principles of a critical pedagogy for social work are elaborated.


With the enlargement of automobile field, the number of owned cars is greatly increasing with correspondingly; the number of rookie drivers is strengthening as well. Many of them grumbled that their valuable cars are easily damaged by obstacles that are barely seen through their rear view mirror such as bikes and cycles. On the basis of market researcher survey that in 2010 the world's car number belabours 6.9 billion, the number of cars yet to appear in the succeeding 8 years will be 1.16 times the current one. Multitudinous people specially pedestrians (person on foot) struck and injured from revoking vehicles each year all over the world. In Pakistan these causalities happen frequently because of immense population in addition many drivers are not fitly edified (toddlers). Many people use bikes or bicycles which are firm to sense while reversing a car for this reason the root notion of this research is to design a device, which will let a person to avoid accident, caused while parking in reverse by the help of ultrasonic sensor we can detect an object, and the collected frequency is detected and amplified. This amplified frequency is given to controller for additional outfits. The beeping as well as LCD display inside the car apprises the driver of the peril and avert a possible mishap.


Abstract In this work, different series of benzothiazole-based sulphonamides 8a-c, 10, 12, 16a-b and carboxylic acids 14a-c were developed as novel SLC-0111 analogues with the goal of generating potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors. The adopted strategy involved replacing the 4-fluorophenyl tail in SLC-0111 with a benzothiazole motif that attached to the ureido linker to produce compounds 8c and its regioisomers 8a-b. In addition, the ureido spacer was elongated by methylene or ethylene groups to afford the counterparts 10 and 12. In turn, the primary sulfamoyl zinc binding group (ZBG) was either substituted or replaced by carboxylic acid functionality in order to provide the secondary sulphonamide-based SLC-0111 analogues 16a-b, and the carboxylic acid derivatives 14a-c, respectively. All compounds (8a-c, 10, 12, 14a-c and 16a-b) were tested for their ability to inhibit CA isoforms CA I, II, IX and XII. Additionally, the in vitro anticancer properties of the developed CAIs were evaluated.


Stability, integrity and retention of the DNA within the targeted tissue is decisive for efficient gene transfer using naked DNA. Pre‐clinical and clinical studies require reproducible transfection rates by preventing rapid degradation of naked DNA in the transduced tissue. Tumor tissues contain nuclease activity, which can affect DNA stability if naked DNA is used. Therefore, inhibition of nuclease‐mediated DNA degradation by the nuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) might lead to improved gene transfer efficiency in tumor tissues.


peace and anti-nuclear movement, perhaps small and weak, but nevertheless real South Asian Mode and persistent. If it were simply a case of not recording one aspect of history, the loss would not be great. After all, the anti of Weaponisation nuclear movement operates completely in India


Within a decade, concern for the environment has become a significant social and political force around the globe. Chlorofluorocarbons and acid rains are not restricted by frontiers. The environmental problems we share with the rest of the world—finite supplies of land, clean water and air, and the cost of their destruction— mandate a recognition of our mutual vulnerability and a redefinition of concepts to focus more specifically on quality of life. The cost can only increase if we delay.


Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is essential for improving soil quality and mitigating gr eenhouse gas emissions. Studies have shown that cultivated soils in the Southeastern USA have substantial potential for seques tering SOC. The use of validated models to simulate soil management effects on the SOC pool is critical for growers, r esearchers, and policy makers. We evaluated the ability of the CENTUR Y model to simulate SOC dynamics in a tillage and cr op rotation experiment (ca. 1988) located in Milstead, central AL. Soils consisted of coarse-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Plinthic Paleudults. Tillage treatments included surface tillage (no tillage and conventional tillage) and subsurface till age (one-time subsoiling on narr ow centers, annual inrow subsoiling, and no subsoiling) cr opped to a corn ( Zea


Radical prostatectomy is the gold standard treatment for patients with localized prostatic cancer, but often the pathological diagnosis reveals a locally advanced stage. The aim of this paper is to present the oncological follow-up after radical prostatectomy on a group of 42 patients, patients which have been diagnosed after surgery with a more aggressive stage, locally advanced PCa. Over a period of four years 136 patients have undergone radical prostatectomy. The pathological examination has established that 42 patients presented extracapsular invasion and/or lymph node invasion. 18 patients (pT3-4N0M0) have undergone radiotherapy alone and 24 patients (8 pN1 and 16 pT3-4N1M0) have received androgen deprivation therapy in association with radiotherapy. Over the next two years 15 patients presented biochemical recurrence. For these patients chemotherapy was initiated, but in two cases PSA increase has been observed during periodic evaluation. Although it is not uncommon that postoperatively the histopathological examination establishes a more aggressive disease stage than that established before surgery, radical prostatectomy remains the solution for the localized prostate cancer, solution that can be boosted by radiotherapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy.


Purpose: In our study, the prevalence of Cyclospora cayatenensis was investigated molecularly in patients with gastrointestinal complaints. Method: Seventy patients with gastrointestinal system complaints were included in the study. Nested PCR was applied to all samples taken from patients. Results: In this study, 70 stool samples taken from the patients with gastrointestinal system complaints and sent to the parasitology laboratory of Ordu University Faculty of Medicine were examined molecularly for Cyclospora cayatenensis and of the 70 samples, 25 (35.7%) were found to be positive. Conclusion: The high rates determined from the patient samples and the environmental samples with the studies suggest that this parasite may be the cause of an epidemic in the future. Especially diarrhea patients, water and food samples should be evaluated in terms of coccidian protozoa like Cyclospora .