In this study, a new methodology, hybrid NSGA-III with multi-objective particle swarm optimization (HNSGA-III&MOPSO), has been developed to design and achieve cost optimization of Powertrain mount system stiffness parameters. This problem is formalized as a multi-objective optimization problem involving six optimization objectives: mean square acceleration and mean square displacement of the Powertrain mount system. A hybrid HNSGA-III&MOPSO is proposed with the integration of multi-objective particle swarm optimization and a genetic algorithm (NSGA-III). Several benchmark functions are tested, and results reveal that the HNSGA-III&MOPSO is more efficient than the typical multi-objective particle swarm optimization, NSGA-III. Powertrain mount system stiffness parameter optimization with HNSGA-III&MOPSO is simulated, respectively. It proved the potential of the HNSGA-III&MOPSO for Powertrain mount system stiffness parameter optimization problem. The amplitude of the acceleration of the vehicle frame decreased by 22.8%, and the amplitude of the displacement of the vehicle frame reduced by 12.4% compared to the normal design case. The calculation time of the algorithm HNSGA-III&MOPSO is less than the algorithm NSGA-III, that is, 5 and 6 h, respectively, compared to the algorithm multi-objective particle swarm optimization.


Stereoselective synthesis of the naturally occurring 6-membered lactone hyptolide 1 is described. The main feature of the synthesis is the utility of the hitherto unexplored alkyne fragment derived from commercially available 3-butyn-1-ol (homopropargylic alcohol).


Plaintiff suspects that a chemical in her city's water supply has caused her to develop a rare form of liver cancer. Defendant, a company in Plaintiff s city, has been discharging the chemical into the water for a number of years. Both parties in the toxic tort litigation are at the mercy of an unevenly developed and ofteninsufficient body of science to establish or rebut the required causation element. This article will examine the current causation paradigm in toxic tort litigation, pointing out its specific weaknesses. The article will then introduce an emerging discipline, toxicogenomics, which will eventually make it possible to specifically describe the molecular pathways leading from exposure to injury, and in so doing will greatly improve the reliability of causation evidence in toxic tort cases to the benefit of both plaintiffs and defendants. To illustrate its potential usefulness, this article will walk through a hypothetical toxicogenomics experiment involving a suspected liver toxin. The article will conclude by suggesting that judges controlled by Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2


Motivating remarks The skew-normal density has very short tails. In fact, the rate of decay to 0 of the density φ( x ; α) as | x | → ∞ is either the same as the normal density or even faster, depending on whether x and α have equal or opposite sign, as specified by Proposition 2.8. This behaviour makes the skew-normal family unsuitable for a range of application areas where the distribution of the observed data is known to have heavier tails than the normal ones, sometimes appreciably heavier. To construct a family of distributions of type (1.2) whose tails can be thicker than a normal ones, a solution cannot be sought by replacing the term Φ;(α x ) in (2.1) with some other term G 0 { w(x )}, since essentially the same behaviour of the SN tails would be reproduced. The only real alternative is to adopt a base density f 0 in (1.2) with heavier tails than the normal density. For instance, we could select the Laplace density exp(−| x |)/2, whose tails decrease at exponential rate, to play the role of base density and proceed along lines similar to the skew-normal case. This is a legitimate program, but it is preferable that f 0 itself is a member of a family of symmetric density functions, depending on a tail weight parameter, v say, which allows us to regulate tail thickness. For instance, one such choice for f 0 is the Student's t family, where v is represented by the degrees of freedom.


Abstract.
 The genus Metania comprises 11 species of freshwater sponge that are distributed circumtropically: five are Neotropical, three Afrotropical, two Oriental and one Australian. Here we infer the phylogeny of the genus Metania and examine the processes that lead to the current biogeographic distribution using cladistic analysis. One matrix with 26 morphological characters was analysed using the TNT software, and resulted in two most parsimonious cladograms (strict consensus). Our results support monophyly of Metania due to two characters unique to the genus: presence of acanthoxeas and presence of spines in the shaft of the gemmoscleres. Also, the genera Drulia and Houssayella were synonymised with Metania. The family Metaniidae – allocated in the recently proposed order Spongillida – now contains three genera: Acalle Gray, 1867, Metania Gray, 1867 and Corvomeyenia Weltner, 1913. Brooks parsimony analysis of Metania resulted in a single area cladogram showing a Gondwanan pattern: (Neartic (Australian (Oriental (Afrotropical, Neotropical)))) and thus the current distribution is explained by the breakup of Gondwana.


Because of some limits such as deficient energy storage and narrow communication bandwidth, the traditional network protocols which consume much energy can not be directly used on wireless sensor networks. With the purpose of overcoming those disadvantages, this paper, which uses the information-driven method, proposes a algorithm based on information utility function to enhance the collaboration between sensor nodes, and did some experiments to prove the performance of the algorithm.


Two types of core samples with dimension of  100 mm and  70 mm in diameter are prepared,which were cored from high strength concrete of 50~90 MPa compressive strength.Then,their compressive strength were measured and compared with cubic compressive strength of concrete under same curing conditions.Results indicate that compressive strength of core samples with various dimensions was influenced little by type of aggregate.The compressive strength of core samples with dimension of  100 mm in diameter is almost the same as cubic compressive strength of concrete with dimension of 100 mm in sides.However,the compressive strength of core samples with dimension of  70 mm in diameter is higher by 13% than the cubic compressive strength of concrete with dimension of 100 mm in sides.This shows that it is necessary to modify the compressive strength advisably when small core sample was used to evaluate the compressive strength of high strength concrete.


Experiments-made during 1943 and 1944 on the use of mercurous chloride (calomel) for the control of Sclerotium cepivorum in spring-sown onions are described. The application of 4% calomel dust to the seed drill at sowing time gave better results than seed treatment. 1 lb. of dust per 25 yd. of seed drill gave good disease control in bulb onions, and 1 lb./so yd. may suffice for salad onions.

The relation between disease control and the effective mercury content of the treated soil is discussed.


Compression bandaging has formed the cornerstone of leg ulcer treatment for venous and mixed aetiology ulcers for several years. Graduated compression bandaging is a successful non-curative treatment for venous leg ulceration (Cullum et al, 2001). The benefits for the patient include reduction of pain, reduction of oedema and subsequent improvement in quality of life. The Profore multi-layer compression bandage system was developed by Smith & Nephew Wound Management (Hull) and has become a major component in the management of leg ulceration in the UK. This product review will examine one patient's experience of treatment using Profore latex-free bandages and will discuss the growing problem of latex allergies, particularly among healthcare workers. Latex allergy Latex allergy has been recognised for many years and the increase in the use of products that contain latex during the 1980s led to a greater awareness of the problems associated with latex allergy. Exact numbers of healthcare professionals and patients affected by latex allergy are not known but the numbers are thought


This paper discusses the principles of adaptive optics, its performance, and its requirements for applications in astronomy to overcome limitations due to atmospheric turbulence. Guidelines for the implementation of these devices in telescopes are given in particular for the Very Large Telescope (VLT) of the European Southern Observatory. It is intended to equip each (me of the four 8-meter telescopes of the ESO- VLT, which are arranged in a linear array with an independent adaptive optical system. These systems will serve the individual and the combined Coude foci. In a first approach diffraction limited imaging for 3.5μm and longer is envisaged resulting a resolution of a few hundredths of an arcseconds. Currently, a small scale prototype adaptive system is under development. It is equipped with a 19 piezoelectric actuator deformable mirror, a Shack-Hartmann type wavefront sensor, and a dedicated wavefront computer for closing the feedback loop. This system is based on a polychromatic approach, i.e. it senses the wavefront in the visible but the adaptive correction loop works for the infrared wavelength range from .1 to 5 μm. The experience with this system will be used for the development of the final VLT systems, requiring a minimum of 150 to 200 subapertures. To solve the reference source problems experiments to generate artificial reference stars by scattering a laser pulse in the upper atmosphere are in preparation. Major developments are still necessary to solve the data processing problems which are associated with large numbers of subapertures and high correction bandwidth, especially if one plans later to extend the wavelength range towards the visible. In the VLT project adaptive optics is of particular importance for its synthetic aperture observation mode as a long baseline interferometer with resolutions in the range of a few milliarseconds on the sky. In this application a complete phasing of the telescope array is required in order to have the full gain of the large telescopes.


A new range of high‐speed steel (HSS)‐based self‐lubrication composites, with an interpenetrating network, were fabricated by infiltrating Pb‐Sn‐Ag ternary solid lubricants into TiC‐reinforced HSS pre‐forms. The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated before and after infiltration. The tribological behaviour of the composites was investigated using a pin‐on‐disk, high temperature wear testing machine at different temperature (up to 800°C). Analysis indicated that Pb‐Sn‐Ag solid lubricants were well dispersed and embedded in the TiC‐HSS matrix where both solid lubricant phase and matrix phase interpenetrating throughout the microstructure. The friction coefficient and specific wear rate of the composites decreased with the increase of the volume fraction of Pb‐Sn‐Ag solid lubricants up to 15 vol%. With further increases in Pb‐Sn‐Ag volume fraction, the friction coefficient decreased slightly while the wear rate increased rapidly. The reason is that a large degradation of mechanical properties occurred in samples with high Pb‐Sn‐Ag contents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The purpose of this study is to update existing data on the issue of older people in poverty in Ireland using the most up-to-date information available, namely the 2004 round of EU Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU–SILC). The results show that older people have higher rates of income poverty than younger age groups but that they have lower levels of deprivation on most items. The exception, however, is in relation to housing standards, which show older people are more likely to live in accommodation with problems such as damp walls. The results suggest that health status is related to living conditions and consistent poverty. The policy implications of these findings are examined.


Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly that results from the unsuccessful growth of the primitive lung buds. A case of lung agenesis was first reported in 1673 during an autopsy. Pulmonary agenesis includes agenesis, aplasia, and hypoplasia as the three most common types. The survival rate is <50% by the age of 5 years in case of agenesis. Fifty percent of the cases of lung agenesis are associated with various congenital defects such as cardiovascular, central nervous system, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, skeletal, Down syndrome, and Klippel–Feil syndrome. Here is the case of a 28-year-old male who presented with on-and-off cough and dyspnea for 3 years. On systemic examination, the patient had signs suggestive of loss of right lung volume. Chest x-ray showed right side volume loss with ipsilateral mediastinal shift with compensatory hyperinflation of the left lung. Computed tomography (CT) thorax with abdomen was suggestive of dextroposition with absent right upper lobe parenchyma, right upper lobe bronchus, right upper lobe artery, and superior pulmonary vein with the absence of hemiazygos vein with ectopic left kidney in the pelvis. Early identification of pulmonary agenesis is vital in preventing fibrosis in patients with unilateral lungs which might develop as a result of recurrent chest infections. Caution and vigilance will lead to a good prognosis.


Recently, a number of diving injuries have been reported due to the increase in the number of self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) divers in Korea. Most diving injuries are associated with the mechanics of the gases and pressure changes during descent and ascent. The main pathologies are barotrauma, decompression illness, the toxic effects of gases, and the aggravation of cardiopulmonary diseases. There are various modalities for the treatment and prevention of diving injuries, such as emergency care, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, drug and fluid therapy, rehabilitation, and pre- or post-diving evaluation etc. However, Korean doctors are unfamiliar with scuba and hyperbaric medicine. As an anesthesiologist, I believe that anesthesiologists should have a better understanding of scuba and hyperbaric medicine because anesthesiology is based on the cardiopulmonary physiology, medical gas, respiratory system, nervous system, as well as emergency and critical care. It is hoped that scuba and hyperbaric medicine will form a part of the field of anesthesiology in Korea.


Abstract : Work in progress on the following is summarized: Angular correlation of nuclear spins in ferromagnets; magnon-phonon coupling near the Curie temperature; spin impurities in antiferromagnets (AD-624 721); Wick's theorem and diagrammatic expansions for spin systems (AD-624 720). Listings are also given of the technical reports that were distributed and the publications that appeared during the year.


Abstract : Report developed under STTR contract for topic AF04-T008. There are many different techniques for hiding steganographic content and in theory, any file type can serve as a carrier. We developed a general-purpose steganalysis system that would handle many file types and many steganographic methods, while being easy to configure and use. We created a flexible, efficient framework, called StegKit, into which steganalysis components could be placed or "plugged in" to carry out automated and manual analysis within common operating environments. The system was modeled on modern antivirus software, capable of background monitoring of files, email, and web pages visited in a browser. Our effort demonstrated the feasibility of a technical architecture featuring a centralized controller with plug-in components for file type detection and steganalysis.


Patient safety can be improved through the implementation of a physician reporting system, in which medical errors can be reported confidentially. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.


Over the last few years, the Internet has had a profound effect on the private and professional lives of European citizens, offering them an increasing number and range of opportunities for accessing information, gaining and exchanging knowledge and realising personal learning goals. The core indicators for Internet take up show that most Europeans are using the Internet. According to Eurostat 2009 data, 65% of EU27 households have Internet access at home, ranging from 30% in Bulgaria to 90% in the Netherlands. 60% of the EU27 population (aged 16 to 74) uses the Internet at least once a week; 48% uses it every day. This increase in Internet usage goes with a significant increase in computer skills: in 2009, 64% of Europeans possess some computer skills, shown by the fact that they carried out at least one of a list of six most common computer tasks; 50% carried out at least three of these tasks. The usefulness of the Internet for learning purposes is also reflected in Eurostat data. In 2009, an average of 31% of the EU27 population (aged 16 to 74) already use the Internet for seeking information with the purpose of learning, up 8% from 2007. This figure shows little variation across Member States, ranging between 20% and 50% in the majority of European countries.


Increasinguse of CsA over thepast six years has now permitted a more critical analysisof the benefit:detriment ratio of this drug. Its efficacy in selective inhibition of the immune response, demonstrated in initial clinical studies,has beensubstantiatedin more extensiveandcontrolledtrials, andappearssuch that concomitantlong term prednisonetherapymay now be unnecessary, thus eliminating a major morbid risk factor following organ transplantation. Dosagereduction within more clearly defined guidelines has served to decreasethe organotoxicand other adverseeffectsof CsA, andattentionto concomitantrisk factors,such as graft storage, histocompatibility matching and transfusion,may further serve toimprove outcome,while minimising morbidity andmortality. CsA remainsexpensive,and in certain instances,financial barriers may preclude its use. However, reduction in the dosage employedhasmarkedlydecreasedthe costof CsA therapy, which now approximates$4,447.00 (CDN) during the first year of therapy and $3,775.00 (CON) in subsequentyears in the Canadianpatient population maintainedon a meandoseof 5.0 mg/kg/day. The concernof extirpation of immunocompetenceby synergisticimmunosuppressionhas thusfar deterredthe useof CsA in combination with otherimmunosuppressive agents,andCsA has beenemployedlargely as continuoustherapy, either aloneor with low doseprednisone. Increasingfamiliarity with the mechanismand magnitudeof its immunosuppressivepotential and preliminary studies in the experimental animal and man suggest,however, that CsA may be cautiously utilised in combination chemotherapy,with major clinical advantages. Inductionimmunosuppression may beachieved with short term ALG in subjectsat high riskof renal allograft non-function or when hepatic metabolismis disturbed following liver transplantation, followed by maintenanceimmunosuppression with CsA. Studies are also currently underway to examinethe feasibility


The limitation of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) carried out with an in-lab source can be overcome by synchrotron-based scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) that integrates the XPS technique with scanning microscopy, enabling the analysis of the chemical/electronic structure of a material with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. Using this analytical method, the changes in the structural properties of two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) materials according to the synthetic method used were studied. In addition to the monolayer form of a 2D MoS2 material (MoS2 monolayer), multilayered 2D MoS2 materials and MoS2 monolayers doped with the widely used p-type dopants, gold chloride (AuCl3) and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide (TFSI), were prepared by a controlled synthetic process. Through comparative analysis of the SPEM data with those obtained by other techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), the variation in the chemical/electronic structures of MoS2 2D materials depending on the synthetic process was clarified. From SPEM data acquired from locations where AuCl3 or TFSI dopant molecules were present, all the MoS2 chemical states were confirmed to have relatively lower binding energies than those of an as-grown MoS2 monolayer. These differences are related to the effects of p-type doping on the MoS2 2D material. Separately, the increase in the MoS2 layer number is manifested in the form of brightness difference in the SPEM data. Meanwhile, all the binding energies of the MoS2 chemical states including the onset of the valence band maximum are slightly lower in the bright regions than in the dark regions, and these binding energy differences are presumably due to the change in the bandgap change based on the MoS2 layer number.


In this paper we show that arrays of core–shell nanoparticles can function as effective thin absorbers of light. In contrast to known metamaterial absorbers, the introduced absorbers are formed by single planar arrays of spherical inclusions and enable full absorption of light incident on either or both sides of the array. We demonstrate possibilities for realizing different kinds of symmetric absorbers, including resonant, ultrabroadband, angularly selective, and all-angle absorbers. The physical principle behind these designs is explained considering balanced electric and magnetic responses of unit cells. Photovoltaic devices and thermal emitters are the two most important potential applications of the proposed designs.


ABSTRACT Aimed to prompt the extensive use of reclaimed asphalt aggregate (RAA) in airport pavement rehabilitation, a series of laboratory tests are conducted to intensively evaluate the effect of recycling rate and asphalt binder on the performances of recycled asphalt concrete (RAC). The results indicate that rutting resistance of RAC using either straight or modified asphalt binder increases with the increase of recycling rate, while the opposite trend is found in low temperature properties (increase in stiffness) and fatigue performance. The modified asphalt used does not exhibit superiority for producing RAC compared with straight asphalt except in rutting resistance. Increasing the recycling rate to 70% is feasible in the case of RAC using straight asphalt judging from its comparable and even superior performance to the control SRAC (contain 40% RAA) in terms of resistance to rutting, ravelling, moisture stripping and thermal cracking. It seems possible to use it in surface courses devoted to airport sections where fatigue processes are not prevalent.


Ultruhort magnetic field p~ of 6 ps duration surrounding the focus of 50 GeV electron bunches are shown to write a magnetic pattern into both perpendidar and h-plane met~c mW~"netic recorbg k. High-r-lution magnetic contrast images dow the distinction between ~ immediate writhg procgoverned by coherent rotation w~e the beam fidd is present and a ~hermomagnetic process wherever the material is heated close h the Curie point.


This article is the result of science and technology program implementation for the community. This service program aims to help solve the problems of partners, which are Organic Farmers Group Mulyo Karangdowo Sesarengan that located in the district Klaten, Central Java. The groups is no yet gained recognition from local authorities and other parties. The solve problem through informal discussion groups, counseling, workshops, and mentoring. Service held by the method: situation analysis, problem identification, determining the purpose of work, problem-solving plan, social approach, implementation, and evaluation of activities and results. The outcome of this program are: (1) the legal aspect are the PIRT and the status of the group; (2) the formal aspects, namely the Articles of Association, the organizational structure, a list of management board, job descriptions, and standard operating procedures; (3) business aspects of organizational, marketing, and financial management and financial reporting. Keywords: farmers group, formal legal aspects, articles of association, business aspects


The Darzen's reaction of 2-(3-)pyridinecarboxaldehydes 5 with chloroacetonitrile yielded a mixture of stereoisomers cis-6 and trans-3-(pyridinyl)-2,3-epoxypropionitriles 7 in a ratio of approximately 1:1. Oxidation of cis-6 and trans-7 afforded the corresponding cis-8 and trans-3-(1-oxidopyridinyl)-2,3-epoxypropionitriles 9 in good yield. The reaction of 8a and 9a with pyrrolidine at 25° gave the respective threo-10 and erthyro-2-(1-pyrrolidino)-3-hydroxy-3-(1-oxido-2-pyridinyl)propionitrile (11). A number of selected compounds (7-9a-b) were found to be inactive in the P388 Lymphocyctic screen.


This paper highlights application of the wireless sensor network (WSN) technology for long-duration and largescale gas leakage detection and it's monitoring. A WSN based microcontroller equipped with a gas sensor was used for gas leakage detection. The proposed design includes: an Arduino microcontroller, gas Sensors (MQ-2), and XBee. The key purpose of this dynamic system is to avoid damages and hazards associated with the gas leakage. The sensor node collects the gas leakage data thereby locating the specific area of the sensor node. The collected information was further sent to the monitoring section or server to update the data. A specific Lab VIEW programme was created to configure and supervise the operation and the sensing measurements on the network used. X-Bee sends the data information from gas sensor to the data monitoring system that is displayed on LabVIEW. The reliability and productivity of the system are key concerns and influence the design choices for the system hardware and software. We conclude with a discussion of long-term challenges for WSN technology in gas leakage detection era and outlined our future vision. General Terms Methodology for gas leakage detection and monitoring System


Using a partial numerical simulation, the nonlinear stage of electron cyclotron instability was considered in a single-mode regime. It is shown that the trapping of resonance ions may lead to the stabilization of the kinetic instability. The maximum amplitude of the field is determined for such a mechanism of stabilization, and the condition of the latter applicability is found. (MOW)


The present invention discloses a bag filter cylinder cleaning apparatus and method for controlling the cleaning device comprises a control system, dust box, dust disposed cylinder cabinets blowback mechanism, and a control unit; and a control unit providing two or two or more, each control unit comprises a dust casing or cylinder cleaning means more than one, each of the control units are connected to a cylinder cleaning mechanism and control system. The method of cleaning a plurality of cylinders divided into two or more means control unit, the control unit of each order specified by the control system started one by one, not to the order before and after the order control unit, but a jump sequence selectivity. The control unit housing near the inlet end of the dust in a cleaning cycle by the control system repeatedly turned on, thus avoiding near the inlet end of the filter bag due to a large amount of dust adhesion and premature failure, to ensure that the maximum effective filtration area, improve the collection efficiency, reduce equipment energy consumption.


This is an interesting paper that uses wind-tunnel experiments to put forth the hypothesis that the renewal of fine particles in a soil's top layer is critical to sustaining dust emissions. This is an appealing hypothesis and this process is currently missing from models. They test this hypothesis using a series of wind tunnel measurements, which seem well designed. This article thus has the potential to be an important contribution.


A spline e nite strip modal method is developed for e utter instability analysis of prismatic composite plate/shell panels exposed to high-supersonic/hypersonic e ow. The structural model is formulated within the context of e rstorder shear deformation shell theory, and the aerodynamic pressure is evaluated using the two-dimensional static aerodynamicapproximation.Thethermaleffectduetoaerodynamicheatingisnotconsidered.Theanalysisconsists of two stages. In the e rst stage, the free-vibration problem of the panel is performed by using a superstrip concept and a multilevel substructuring technique. The natural frequencies and vibration modes are, thus, obtained by employing the highly reliable bisection Sturm sequenceapproach with great accuracy and efe ciency. In thesecond stage, the obtained natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes are utilized to reduce considerably the size of the original aeroelastic eigenvalue problem, which is then solved to determine the critical dynamic pressure and the corresponding e utter frequency. A variety of numerical experiments, which are conducted to validate and test the performance of the formulation, demonstrates the reliability, efe ciency, accuracy, and versatility of the method.


The use of game design elements to foster user engagement in non-game contexts, such as marketing, education, training, and healthcare, is rapidly gaining interest. Despite the growing attention given to gamification, little research has been conducted to theorize and empirical assess how and why game design elements influence user engagement. The resulting lack of an empirically validated theoretical foundation has kept the picture unclear of how gamification causes behavioral change in a way that increases user engagement. To help overcome the lack of theoretical support, this study develops a research model that predicts an individual's engagement by drawing on two theories - basic psychological needs theory and mechanic-dynamics-aesthetics theory. Findings from an empirical study with 275 subjects confirm the expectations of this research that game dynamics lead to increased needs satisfaction, which promotes enjoyment and, ultimately, user engagement with the system.


The Texaco Gasification Process (TGP) has been selected recently by numerous projects for the generation of high purity carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and/or syngas for petrochemical manufacturing utilizing natural gas feedstock. Refiners benefit from the lower cost, by product high purity hydrogen, which can be distributed through pipelines from a dedicated unit with a high on-stream reliability. With the recent upturn in the chemical cycle there has been an increase in demand for new productive capacity. Texaco`s technology has been the preferred syngas generation technology of choice. Two types of Texaco`s gasifier design and three process schemes are discussed in detail for production of syngas with a H{sub 2}/CO ratio from 1.0 up to 2.5. Continued process development and capital cost reduction has led to the selection of TGP for several projects, using natural gas feed, following a direct competitive evaluation against other technologies. Texaco has licensed its TGP technology to different petrochemical and also to industrial gases companies, who generate carbon monoxide and syngas products, with the hydrogen supplied via existing pipeline networks to other refinery and petrochemical users in the area. This paper summarizes the latest TGP licensed plants using natural gas feedstock and shows the versatility of themore » TGP technology for petrochemical companies as well as industrial gases companies for syngas generation.« less


While the rest of the country suffers a workforce crisis, a Connecticut hospital is turning away applicants. After adopting the Planetree model of care, Griffin Hospital's patient and employee satisfaction rates soared.


Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need to transform the system of practice-oriented education, to search for effective mechanisms for organizing the educational process aimed at forming the professional competencies of future teachers. The process of preparing master degree students of pedagogical universities for a professional activity must meet the requirements of modern society, the higher education system, the requirements of regulatory documents and professional standards. Materials and methods. The study involved 125 master degree students of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University majoring in "Pedagogical education". Basic research methods include the analysis of teaching activities, the study and generalization of innovative teaching and management experience, a pedagogical experiment. Pearson's chi-squared test (χ2) was used to establish statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups. Research results. Within the framework of the study, a practice-oriented model of formation of professional competencies in master degree students of pedagogical universities and the conditions for its effective functioning was developed and implemented. During the study, criteria and indicators of formation of professional competences among master degree students were determined: motivational (the level of educational and professional motivation), cognitive (professional knowledge, information-communication indicator) and activity-based ones (professional skills, organization, independence), levels of formation of professional competences. The experiment showed that the level of formation of professional competences among master degree students in the experimental group is higher than that of the control group (χ2 = 6.45; p<0.05). Conclusion. The research results can be used in the process of practice-oriented teaching and the organization of educational and on-the-job training of master degree students at pedagogical universities, aimed at forming professional competencies of future teachers. Keywords: activity-based approach, competency-based approach, practice-oriented learning, professional competencies, innovative technologies, practice-oriented learning model


Caproic acid and acetic acid contained in water as aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids were investigated for the decomposition level caused by UV irradiation alone with low presser mercury lump, ozone alone or ozone-UV irradiation. The buffer solutions for preparing sample solutions were studied. Decomposition of 5 mM caproic acid was much slower in the 0.2 M KCl-HCl buffer solution (pH 2.0). The delay of the decomposition thus detected seemed to be due to the consumption of ozone by chloride ion. Therefore, the 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) solution as a medium was most appropriate. Caproic acid contained in water was not decomposed at all by the treatment with UV alone and was decomposed very slowly by the treatment with ozone alone, and the decrease of total organic carbon (TOC) was very low. On the other hand, it was found that caproic acid was very rapidly decomposed by the simultaneous treatment with ozone and UV irradiation, and the removal of TOC was also high. Though acetic acid was particularly difficult to be decomposed, it was almost perfectly decomposed by the simultaneous treatment with ozone and UV irradiation.


Since 1960 there have been five inconclusive and turbulent rounds of democratic constitutional negotiations in Canada.' The aim of the negotiations is to reach agreement on a renewed form of federal constitution which recognizes and affirms the 'cultural diversity' of Canada: that is, the overlapping cultural differences and similarities of its citizens. The fifth and most recent proposed constitutional amendment which sought to accommodate the diverse demands for recognition, the Charlottetown Accord, was negotiated and agreed to by the federal government, the three federal parties, the ten provincial prime ministers, the leaders of the Northwest and Yukon territories, and the leaders of the four main Aboriginal peoples' political organizations. Yet, the Accord was voted down in a referendum on 26 October 1992 by a majority in Quebec and the predominantly English-speaking provinces, and a majority among the Aboriginal peoples. Despite this impasse, constitutional negotiation was set aside in 1993 as a new federal government was elected, the politicians associated with the failed Charlottetown Accord were swept out of office, and Canadians turned their attention to the devastating economic recession. However, the constitutional demands remain unresolved and are likely to return in the near future. In the federal election of 1993, the Liberal Party won a clear majority with 177 seats. The Bloc Quebecois, the first federal party dedicated to the achievement of Quebec sovereignty by separation from the rest of Canada, elected 54 members to Parliament and became the Official Opposition in Ottawa. The new Reform Party, with their base in western Canada, elected 52 members to Parliament. They are opposed to any special constitutional status for Quebec within Canada. In addition, there will be a provincial election in Quebec in 1994 and polls suggests that the separatist Parti Quebecois will be victorious. They have promised to hold a referendum on sovereignty within one year of the election. Moreover, the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples will table their report in 1994 and, judging from the recent publications of the Commission, the commissioners will recommend constitutional recognition of Aboriginal selfgovernment.2


The Journal of Ambulatory Care Management presents the original publication of the proceedings of the Conference on Primary Care Delivery, Education and Research in Teaching Hospitals. This national conference was sponsored by the Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center in New York and presented by the Department of Ambulatory Care Services, North Central Bronx Hospital (NCBH), September 28–30, 1977. The proceedings are being published in three parts. The first installment, "Delivery of Services," appeared in JACM 2:1, February 1979. The second installment, "Education," appeared in JACM 2:2, May 1979. The third and final installment, "Research," appearing in this issue, is divided into several parts. The first section concerns research to determine what primary care really means, how it can be planned and how its delivery can be evaluated. The second section discusses the conduct of research in a primary care teaching setting, and the third presents specific areas that must be researched in order to evaluate primary care effectiveness. A concluding section summarizes the entire symposium and presents two brief reports on workshops.


A new industrial revolution has begun. The development of digital technology as well as the implementation of advanced technologies, primarily in the manufacturing processes of the industry, all with the changes that are taking place at the global level of the economy imposed by the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). The fourth industrial revolution implies changes in artificial intelligence, automotive industry, robotics, nanotechnology, quantum computers, e-commerce, etc. Also, the fourth industrial revolution means changes in the sectors of economy that use or produce innovative or new technologies, and where information-communication technologies are tools in creating virtual-digital channels of trade in which the trade is performed without business partners ever seeing each other. It took 75 years for the phone to start being used by 50 million people around the world, for the television it was about 13 years, while the Internet took only 4 years. The aim of the paper is to show that the successful functioning of the concept of e-commerce in the era of daily changes on a global level requires understanding of Internet technology, as well as Web and mobile platforms that make up the electronic commerce infrastructure. From the spectrum of innovations brought by Internet, the authors have chosen to explore the Internet as a platform for relocating trade to the digital network, on the one hand, and as a foundation for the development of new models of trade, better known in theory and practice as virtual trade, e-commerce, on the other hand.


Epitranscriptomic RNA modifications constitute a critical gene regulatory component that can affect cancer progression. Among these, the RNA N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification, which is mediated by the ac4C writer N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), regulates the stabilization of mRNA. Here, we identified that the ac4C modification is induced upon cisplatin treatment and correlates with chemoresistance in bladder cancer (BCa). Both in vitro and in vivo, NAT10 promoted cisplatin chemoresistance in BCa cells by enhancing DNA damage repair. Mechanistically, NAT10 bound and stabilized AHNAK mRNA by protecting it from exonucleases, and AHNAK-mediated DNA damage repair was required for NAT10-induced cisplatin resistance. Clinically, NAT10 overexpression was associated with chemoresistance, recurrence, and worse clinical outcome in BCa patients. Cisplatin-induced NFκB signaling activation was required for the upregulation of NAT10 expression, and NFκB p65 directly bound to the NAT10 promoter to activate transcription. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of NAT10 with Remodelin sensitized BCa organoids and mouse xenografts to cisplatin. Overall, the present study uncovered a mechanism of NAT10-mediated mRNA stabilization in BCa, laying the foundation for NAT10 as a therapeutic target to overcome cisplatin resistance in BCa.


Art brings rich, pleasurable experiences to our daily lives. However, many theories of art and aesthetics focus on specific strong experiences—in the contexts of museums, galleries, and concert halls and the aesthetic perception of canonized arts—disregarding the impact of daily experiences. Furthermore, pleasure is often treated as a simplistic concept of merely positive affective character, yet recent psychological research has revealed the experience of pleasure is far more complicated. This study explored the nature of pleasure evoked by everyday aesthetic objects. A mixture of statistical and qualitative methods was applied in the analysis of the data collected through a semi-structured online survey (N = 464). The result asserts the experience of emotional ambivalence occurred and was composed of a variety of nuanced emotions and related association, rather than just a combination of contradicting emotions. Such paradoxical pleasure is defined as a self-conscious hedonic exposure to negative emotions in art reception. The study also depicted four types of attitudinal ambivalence: loss, diversity, socio-ideology, and distance, reflecting contextual elements intertwined into experience, and the connection between ambivalence and intense emotional experience.


In this letter, the role of domain wall (DW) on bulk photovoltaic effect (BPV) effect in BiFeO3 (BFO) films was studied by x-ray reciprocal space mapping and conductive atomic force microscope. It was found that the domain structure and DW can be tuned by controlling the epitaxial orientation of BFO film. Remarkably, under 1 sun AM 1.5 G illumination, the 109° DW enhances the transport of photogenerated carriers and simultaneously improves the conductivity and power conversion efficiency (PCE). The short-circuit current density and PCE can reach 171.15 μA cm−2 and 0.1127%, respectively. Therefore, our study reveals the correlation between the DW and the BPV effect in BFO film and provides a new pathway to improve the PCE of BFO-based photovoltaic device.


The monthly and hourly climatology of Saharan dust layer height over the Atlantic, at a spatial resolution of ∼10 km, is obtained for the first time, via a passive remote sensing technique. The technique is applied to multiple years of Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) data collected at the Lagrange‐1 point, generating a climate data record (CDR) of aerosol optical centroid height (AOCH). This CDR offers unprecedented spatial coverage and diurnal sampling compared to spaceborne lidars (CALIOP and CATS). Our results show high correspondence with CALIOP data in domain‐averaged monthly variations and with CATS data in diurnal variations, respectively. A principal component analysis (PCA) reveals the dominant role of dust transport in regulating AOCH variation, whereas the impact of the boundary layer is less significant. MERRA‐2 and satellite retrievals respectively display zero and 200–1,000 m of diurnal variation of AOCH, highlighting the uniqueness of EPIC AOCH CDR in constraining climate models.


We reconsider Aumann' s seminal impossibility theorem that agents cannot agree to disagree in a topologically extended epistemic model. In such a framework, a possibility result on agreeing to disagree actually ensues. More precisely, agents with a common prior belief satisfying limit knowledge instead of common knowledge of their posterior beliefs may have distinct posterior beliefs. Since limit knowledge is defined as the limit of iterated mutual knowledge, agents can thus be said to limit-agree to disagree. Besides, an example is provided in which limit knowledge coincides with Rubinstein's (1989) notion of almost common knowledge, and the agents have almost common knowledge of posteriors yet distinct posterior beliefs. More generally, an epistemic-topological foundation for almost common knowledge is thus provided.


Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in culture liquid and mycelial extract during autolysis were studied in seven fungi of the general Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina and Zygomycotina. High activities of extracellular and mycelial extract acid phosphatase and lower activities of alkaline phosphatase were found in Ascomycotina, and acid phosphatase was present in Basidiomycotina. In Zygomycotina only mycelial extract alkaline phosphatase activity was detected. A correlation between degree of autolysis, pH and acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated.


ADP-RIBOSE POLYMER METABOLISM POLY ADP-RIBOSE POLYMERASE: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION MOLECULAR AND GENETIC APPROACHES: BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF POLY ADP-RIBOSYLATION REACTIONS POLY ADP-RIBOSE POLYMERASE AND CELL DEATH ACTIVATION OF POLY ADP-RIBOSE POLYMERASE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ISCHAEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY NEW POLY ADP-RIBOSE POLYMERASE INHIBITORS FOR RADIOTHERAPY AND CHEMOTHERAPY OF CANCER PERSPECTIVES


Drawing on the author's direct participation in the empowerment of 'foreign brides,' this paper charts the gradual transformation of these highly stigmatized marriage immigrants from isolated and suppressed individuals to active participants in a growing immigrant movement in Taiwan. The 'double‐bind structure' prevalent in mainstream media narratives has constructed 'foreign brides' as either 'passive victims' or 'materialist blood suckers,' two logically contrasted stereotypes that jointly construct 'foreign brides' as an inferior other. While sympathetic with 'foreign brides,' most feminist discourse also portrays them as passive victims. This paper highlights the agency of 'foreign brides,' who strive for better lives via transnational marriages and, more importantly, have transformed themselves first from personal subject to communal subject and then to historical subject. This process of subjectivation is the result of active grassroots empowerment, which has provided the impetus for the building of a social movement. 摘要::从作者多年涉入培力「外籍新娘」的经验出发, 本文分析在台湾被高度污名化的婚姻移民逐步突破孤立处境, 进而积极投入新移民运动的过程。 普遍存在于主流媒体叙事的「进退维谷结构」将外籍新娘建构为「无可奈何的受害者」和「唯利是图的吸血鬼」—两者看似矛盾, 实为统一地, 将外籍新娘建构为「低劣他者」。 许多女性主义者虽然同情外籍新娘, 但仍视其为无助的受害者。 本文强调外籍新娘的能动性, 指出她们不仅透过跨国婚姻追寻更好的未来, 更重要的是, 已从个人主体转化为社群主体, 甚至成为历史主体; ;而这主体化的过程是多年草根培力, 从而打造社会运动的结果。


Using a combined stable‐isotope and fatty‐acid approach, we examined carbon‐transfer routes from the cyanobacterium Microcystis to zooplankton in eutrophic Lake Taihu, China. Microcystis is generally considered poor food for zooplankton, and we hypothesized that most Microcystis carbon flows to zooplankton via dissolved organic matter (DOM)‐bacteria and detritus‐bacteria pathways rather than via direct grazing. The hypothesis was tested by analyzing 13C isotopes at natural abundance in field samples and in tracer experiments with 13C‐enriched Microcystis. 13C‐enriched Microcystis was added as live Microcystis, Microcystis detritus, or Microcystis DOM to lake‐water incubations with Bosmina sp. and Daphnia similis as the dominant species. The 13C isotope signatures of Microcystis, heterotrophic bacteria, and eukaryotic algae in seston were determined from isotope analyses of specific fatty acids, and the presence and labeling of these fatty acids were also analyzed in zooplankton consumers. Bosmina and Daphnia consumed carbon via all pathways, but the amount of carbon transfer from the Microcystis DOM was the highest, followed by the Microcystis detritus. Bosmina consumed relatively more live Microcystis than Daphnia. The presence and high 13C enrichment of bacteria‐specific fatty acids in the zooplankton consumers showed that heterotrophic bacteria were an important link between Microcystis and zooplankton. Microbial pathways dominate the energy flow from cyanobacteria to zooplankton in eutrophic lakes with heavy cyanobacteria blooms, such as Lake Taihu.


Abstract Spate diversion agriculture provides a livelihood to a large number of economically marginal people in arid areas. This article presents material from Balochistan (Pakistan), where area-wise spate irrigation is the most important source of agriculture. The article studies how farming communities have adjusted to the uncertainty inherent to spate diversion agriculture. It concentrates on seven interlinked social themes: marginality, internal differentation, risk coping strategies, labour peaks and mechanization, conditional land tenure, active land formation processes and reactive water rights. An argument is made to experiment with a flood river management approach, with emphasis on institutional investments, manipulation of land formation processes and a river-basin wide perspective.


Most of the educators agreed that instruction should be developed in accordance with the individual differences of the learner. Learner's potentiality can not be realized effectively by a single or uniform approach. Cognitive styles differences of students have been thought as important variables of their academic achievements. Recently, many studies about the cognitive differences of learners have reported that the differences of cognitive styles had an effect on learning behavior and achievements. Therefore, educators should be able to understand and diagnose the cognitive learning styles of students in schools and then facilitate personalization of human education. That is the approach to modernize and reform education and instruction.
 In those points of view, this research has been performed to analyze and consider the concepts of learners' cognitive styles, the approaches of appropriate assessments and. the applications in the field of education on the bases of recent suggestions and discoveries of researchers.
 Cognitive learning strategies are the important elements or variables to achieve individualized instruction, but they should be regarded as the targets of a continuous challenge rather than a burden to educators. But to achieve the individualization and personalization of education, we educators should make efforts to research and practice continuously in the future.


A case study is done to observe the effect of a traditional Assamese breakfast item, namely Sandohguri fortified with Vigna radiate, Terminalia arjuna, Trigonella foenum- graecum and Cinnamomum verum to incorporate hypolipidemic property. As per the nutritive value analysis, 100g of the fortified mix contains 74.75g carbohydrates, 12.92g protein, 1.07g fat (saturated fatty acids 0.30%, monounsaturated fatty acids 0.41% and polyunsaturated fatty acids 0.44%) and 7.13g dietary fibre. Main nutrients with antioxidant properties in the mix are Vitamin A (29.8 IU), Vitamin E (0.57 mg) , Vitamin C (0.16 mg), Selenium (11.2mcg ), Copper (193.4 mcg), Zinc (529.2 mcg), Iron (2531mcg) and Manganese (810.7 mcg). A hyperlipidemic patient without any other medical complications is identified and prescribed to have 90 to 100g of the mix with water/milk and sugar twice daily. A little life style modification with 30 minutes walk is also advised. The patient's lipid profile is checked twice within two months from the day of using the mix. The results show an increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) and reduction in triglyceride, cholesterol, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)and low density lipoproteins (LDL). Furthermore, the mix is found to be helpful in minimizing various risk factors of Cardio Vascular Diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis-index, body weight, body mass index and waist hip ratio.


The increase in plastic recycling is an essential pre-requisite for the transition to a circular economy. Polystyrene (PS) is a low diffusive polymer and therefore a promising candidate for recycling back into food contact similar to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, such a recycling of PS cups has been not established to date on a commercial scale. Even if recycling back into food contact is desired, the health of the consumer must not be at risk. As a consequence, recycling processes must go through a conservative assessment by relevant authorities. For PS, however, evaluation criteria are not published, which is a drawback for process developers. Within the study, post-consumer PS recyclates were evaluated in a similar way to existing evaluation criteria for PET and HDPE. For the recycling of post-consumer PS back into packages with direct contact with food, there are still some points open which cannot be answered conclusively today. Upon closer inspection, there appears to be enough information available to give a first indication as to whether recycling of post-consumer PS packaging materials back into direct food contact can be considered safe. The knowledge gaps in PS recycling were determined and discussed.


The knowledge revolution is likely to have a profound impact on the well-being and welfare of human kind. The recognition of knowledge as a major factor in growth and development is a recent phenomenon. The management of knowledge within an enterprise is intimately linked to the management of scientific human resources in it. The two most prominent manifestations of the knowledge revolution were in the area of gene technology and information technology.


A large proportion of the children in the nomad school series was born at home or under transit, so that details of birth weight are missing or are very uncertain. I n order to obtain the most correct estimate possible of the Lapp children's birth weights and lengths, the series has been limited to all children born in a labour ward and the data have been collected from case notes in the labour wards of Karesuando, Vittangi, Kiruna, Giillivare, Jokkmokk and Arjeplog (see map, Fig. 2 ) . The information concerns children born during the time from 1940 up to and including September 1960, except for Karesuando where the time concerned is from June 1950 up to and including September 1960, because this labour ward was opened on June lst, 1950. Lapp children has implied children born in marriage and where both parents have had typical Lapp names. In the majority of cases the father's profession has been given as reindeer herd or nomad. Children born of unmarried mothers and those born earlier than 14 days before the calculated data of delivery have been excluded from the series. During assembly the data have been assigned to the parent's home area and not to the respective labour ward. The total number of children in this series is 491. For comparison have been used the data from all the full-term children born during the year 1950 in the labour wards of Kiruna, Glillivare, Jokkmokk and Arjeplog. Because of the small number of children born in Karesuando and Vittangi, children have been included from Karesuando, born from June 1950 up to and including December 1952 and from Vittangi born during 1950 and 1951. Children born earlier than 14 days before the calculated date of delivery have been excluded from the series. The total number of children in the control series is 1008.


Mindfulness relates to being aware of the present reality and living in the moment, and, while linked to well-being, it has only recently been tested on specific leader samples. Despite attention, the links between mindfulness and job performance are scarce, with the performance of leaders especially so. The present study tests self-reported mindfulness from 84 Australian leaders towards two forms of leadership performance as rated by their immediate manager. Using structural equation modelling, we find mindfulness is positively related to leadership self-mastery and leadership organizational-transformation. The best fit for the data was a full mediation model: mindfulness predicting leadership self-mastery, predicting leadership organizational-transformation. Furthermore, we tested for the moderating effects of tenure duration and found that mindfulness was especially beneficial for leadership self-mastery at low tenure duration. Findings suggest that leadership performance may ultimately be enhanced by having leaders who are more mindful and present at work.


A stereoscopic manipulating hardware system of 3D virtual objects in a real space is proposed on the basis of a human binocular parallax. 3D image objects are characterized by assumed physical properties. They are cut by a stereoscopic virtual edged-tool given in a real space that is operated in the same way of the master movement of the newly developed scissors-type hardware edged-tool. By manipulation of the hardware edged-tool, stereoscopic virtual objects can be cut into without any particular constraint in its operation. Then, an image-cutting force display system is developed which can provide an operator the well attendance to the realistic operation of virtual objects with a smooth reactive feeling dependent on their given physical properties. Some essential techniques are described for the stereoscopic realization of 3D virtual objects and 3D virtual edged-tool, and also for the design of the hardware edged-tool in order to compose a force display system. The proposed force display system is confirmed a useful human interface with direct reactive feeling on fingers and visual recognition of operation.


We evaluated riverbed sediment as either a potential source or sink of phosphorus in the Lower Great Miami River. Excessive amounts of phosphorus in water of the Lower Great Miami River during low river flows in summer and early fall degrade aquatic ecosystems and prevent the Lower Great Miami River from being a high-quality warmwater stream. Regulators concluded that point-source discharges of nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal wastewater treatment plants are the principal cause of impairment year-round, and particularly during low river flow. However, previous studies have not examined riverbed sediment as a potential source and sink of phosphorus during low-flow conditions. Failure to examine this potential source of phosphorus could lead to incorrect conclusions about the cause of river impairment and investment in expensive nutrient-removal technologies that fail to achieve desired improvements in aquatic ecosystem health. The purpose of this research was to evaluate riverbed sediment as either a potential source or sink of phosphorus in the water column of the Great Miami River. This was accomplished by measuring geochemical conditions and phosphorus flux from riverbed sediment at 11 locations in the Lower Great Miami River.


The study of the history of science has recently taken on new importance as an academic discipline. It's easy to see why. With the pace and complexity of scientific developments accelerating, the need for improved guidelines for scientific research becomes more obvious each day. As critical as today's dilemmas of pesticides, pollution, and nuclear weapons are, applications of current scientific research could produce far more serious problems in the future. For example, the work of molecular biologists could produce a happier, healthier world population or, as suggested by some, it could produce some horrible new weapon of war. 1 Guidelines for scientific research, however, do not simply materialize from thin air. A solid understanding of past developments and the present nature of science itself is required fust. Professor Derek de Solla Price claim% "we are getting to the point where there must arise a fairly hard academic discipline to help understand the machinery that makes science act the way it does and grow the way it grows.' 'z By studying the history of science in a more intensive and accurate fashion, we may obtain badly needed insight into such problems as: a The role of science in war and peace. b. The use and misuse of research. c. The inter-relations of science and technology. d The reciprocal responsibilities of scientists and society. e, The funding and control of science. f. The determination of future policies on scientific education. g. The formulation of a public policy on science in general. With such important questions to be answered, writing the history of science can no longer be looked on as an exercise to satisfy one's curiosity. This endeavor is too important to be fulfilled, as it has been in the past, as an avocation of scientists. What is neede~ as in any other complex activity, is a highly trained specialist. There have been some beginnings towards this objective. hr I!)50 there were only a handful of professional science historians in North America,


In this paper,the crystal structure,the intrinsic magnetism,and the relationship between magnetic properties and the number of N atoms of rare-earth permanent magnetic material are briefly analyzed.Meanwhile,the methods and existing problems of preparing Sm2Fe17Nx permanent magnetic material are especially described.Finally,the latest development and future development trend of the said material are pointed out.


Use of open abdomen (OA) remains an important life‐saving manoeuvre in the management of trauma and the abdominal catastrophe. The National Open Abdomen Audit (NOAA) is an audit project investigating the indications, management, and subsequent outcomes of OA treatment throughout the UK. The aim is to generate a snapshot of practice which will inform the management of future patients and potentially reduce the significant harm that can be associated with OA.


Malaria is a serious global health concern, particularly affecting vulnerable populations in developing countries. According to the WorldHealthOrganization (WHO), there were an estimated 229 million cases of malaria and 409,000 deaths worldwide in 2019 alone. Insecticide-treated nets and antimalarial drugs are currently the primary methods for preventing and treating malaria; however, these measures have limitations such as insecticideresistance and drug-resistant strains of the disease. The development of a vaccine against malaria has long been sought after as a potential game-changer in prevention efforts. Recently, promising results have emerged from clinical trials for the Refined Soluble Thermostable Subunit Vaccine (RSTS), which targets Plasmodium falciparum—the deadliest form of malaria—leading to renewed hope that this vaccine could be instrumental in reducing morbidity and mortality rates among high-risk populations.


The urban renewal project, the Alameda, is a renewal proposal which is based on documents, such as, the TEP and Central Zonal Plan. The Land Use Plan POT, has established different processing operations, Economic, Social, Urban Bogota several areas, including downtown. This sector is critical to our capital required improve their infrastructure and livability to meet the new challenges posed by the Zonal Plan Center. That's why the district administration promotes the plan Center, a set of projects and programs in the short, medium and long term this sector of Bogota transformed Level, Regional, Metropolitan and Local.


This paper presents a fuzzy logic based the proportional-integral-derivative controller (FPID) to improve trajectory tracking performance of a lower limb rehabilitation robot (LLRR). A fuzzy logic controller is employed to adjust parameters of the PID controller in real time. Range of motion (ROM) training experiments were carried out on a healthy male subject to verify the effectiveness of the FPID controller. The results show that the average normalized root mean square deviation (NRMSD) of each joint using the FPID controller is nearly 43% less than that using the conventional one, which shows that the FPID controller has better trajectory tacking performance than the conventional one.


The essay intends to examine the approach to the use of RDA (Resource Description and Access) on a selection of authority record from the catalogue of IRIS - Associazione di biblioteche storico-artistiche e umanistiche dell'area fiorentina. From this application, we highlight the enrichment, the enhancement and the enlargement of the data of the authority record. The RDA-MARC 21 Authority mapping and the example will explain the process that determined the particular application choices.


A low-leakage SCR design using trigger-PMOS modulations is proposed for ESD protection. By using the SCR design, a leakage current less than 10-13A was achieved together with a trigger voltage, VtI=1.8 V, and ESD performances 5.5 kV HBM and 300 V MM or over in our 65 nm CMOS technology. This design concept can be used for wide applications by changing the structure of the trigger-PMOS.


Identification of radionuclides and evaluation of dose rate level around a vacuum vessel of JT-60U tokamak device have been made. A one-dimensional calculation code was employed in this work. Radionuclides of 56Mn (High-Mn steel of toroidal field coil case), 58Co (Inconel-625 vessel) and 60Co (SS-316 material of first wall) appeared after shutdown of operation with deuterium gases. Cobalt-58 and 60Co with long half-life time contribute to the dose rate on the vessel by 7 to 3 proportion. The one-dimensional calculation provided a sufficient prediction for the dose rate on Inconel vessel of JT-60U, in which the activation property is mainly determined by 58Co generated via threshold neutron reactions. The results calculated for the vessel dose rate showed a good agreement with data measured for the first 80 D-D operation weeks.


Abstract A simple and rapid gas Chromatographic method was developed to determine the residue levels in the vegetables. This method proved to be accurate and reliable for total residue estimation, giving recoveries of 90–94% with exception of tomato, from fortified vegetable samples. Residues level on these vegetables sprayed with malathion (2.7 1b ai/acre) were well below the tolerance limit of 8 ppm established by EPA.


Arapaima gigas, one of the world's largest freshwater fish, is considered an emerging species for 49 aquaculture development in Brazil given its high growth rate and meat quality. However, the lack 50 of reproductive control in captivity has limited the expansion of Arapaima farming. This study 51 aimed to test the effects of hormonal induction using mGnRHa implants and size pairing on 52 broodstock reproduction through the analyses of sex steroids. To do so, broodstock of different 53 sizes (large, small or mixed) were paired and implanted. Plasma and cephalic secretion profiles of 54 testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and 17β-oestradiol (E 2 ) were analysed. Compared to 55 control (non-implanted), implanted broodstock showed a significant increase in plasma 11-KT 56 (large and small males) and T (large and mixed females) post GnRHa implantation. In females, a 57 significant increase in plasma T levels was shown, however, E 2 remained unchanged after 58 implantation. Despite the lack of clear spawning induction, this study showed the potency of 59 GnRHa on sex steroid production regardless of pairing groups. Interestingly, significant 60 correlations between blood plasma and cephalic secretion levels of 11-KT in males and T in 61 females were observed, indicating the possible release of pheromones through the cephalic canals 62 of A. gigas . L.T.


Due to uncertainties of the platform motion, the trajectory of airborne millimeter-wave interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MMW-InSAR) usually demonstrates highly non-linear, which cause dynamic baseline to height inversion. In such cases, traditional InSAR methods may suffer from serval difficulties for imaging and height inversion. In this paper, a novel back projection imaging algorithm via terrain height prediction, named as THP-BP algorithm, is proposed. In this theme, an iterated approximating method is used. In each iteration, the MMW-InSAR data is projected into an estimated terrain surface to producing interferogram, and then the terrain height of the observed scene can be predicted via minimizing of the interferometric phase value of MMW-InSAR. The effectiveness of the proposed method is testified by both simulation and experiment data, the results demonstrate that it can improve the quality of both image focusing and height inversion compared with conventional BP algorithm.


Specific gravity, surface area and surface area/volume ratio have been used as growth parameters during the fruit development of egg plant. The growth pattern on removal of persistant calyx from fruits at different growth and developmental stages have been compared. The developing fruits at very young stage require calyx for protection and rapid translocation of metabolites; the requirement of calyx diminishes at a later stage. The fruit growth appears to depend upon the interaction of gibberel-lins and antigibberellins (e.g., flavonoids). Increased rate of growth in fruits minus calyx when treated with GA3 and covered with aluminium foil may be due to destruction of antigibberellins.


In this article was analyzed the correspondence between the power and information, is highlighted the most important parts and content of the term of the informational power. The main problem stressed in the article touches upon the informational society building process and objective grounds for its development.


A complication in 3D marine acquisition is that streamer feathering causes a crossline distribution of the actual midpoints. In conventional processing the individual traces are gathered in bin sorts and stacked after NMO correction. The stacked traces are posted at the centre of the bin, thus causing a posting error. This approach has some disadvantages. Depending on the feathering conditions some bin sorts will be overpopulated, while others will be underpopulated producing inconsistent stacking responses. The binstack smears the data over the bin area and thus puts a limit on the resolution. On the other hand this latter effect may be considered as a kind of spatial anti-alias filter.


of 39 patients who had a SOM total hip replacement at Tanabe National Hospital from 1973 to 1979, 15 (16 hips) were re-evaluated about 10 years postoperatively by clinical examination and roentogenograms. One hip had been revised for aseptic loosening after 9 years. Clinical examination using the criteria of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association revealed a score for about 11 years of 87, compared with 71 after operation. Follow-up radiographs showed a 19 percent incidence of migration or tilting of the acethabular component and a 25 percent incidence of the femoral component. Thus the total incidence of loosening of either component was 44 percent, but even so the clinical results were excellent. key words: SOM total hip replacement, long-term follow-up study, clinical results


Mechanical peat dewatering is an alternative to the traditional sun and wind drying method. However, a pretreatment of the peat is necessary to enhance the separation of the solid and liquid phases. The most promising method so far is the combination of pH lowering and addition of a polymer. The aim of the present study was to find a cheap, fast, and easy way to optimize the polymer dosage that is independent of peat type and mechanical treatment as stirring time, grinding, etc. The particle size distribution and the surface charge for a number of different peat types are tested


The trend of globalization,beginning with the economic field,is approaching to us and is manifested in our daily life in a speedy way.Owing to the globalization,our way of production,the mode of our life and our values are being changed unprecedentedly.Since the space barriers of our society is disappearing gradually,the development of our culture is affected unavailingly and deeply.In the tide of globalization,the essence of globalization can be interpreted as the parallel polymerization of the multi-culture,not simply the display of a unique culture.Concerning the protection of our own culture,we should try to excavate the value of national culture,develop the cultural industry,enhance the spread of our culture in an extensive way.


Leonid Brekhovskikh wrote in his book The Ocean and the Human (1987): ''Ocean noise is as important oceanographic parameter as temperature, current, and wind.'' Brekhovskikh created and headed the Laboratory of Acoustic Methods of Ocean Research in 1956. One of the scientific directions of the Laboratory was investigation of underwater noise both as interference for sound reception and a source of environmental information. Long‐term studies on the unique acoustic research vessels created under the initiative of Brekhovskikh resulted in numerous important findings, including ambient noise spectra and envelopes of acoustic fluctuations, depth dependence of noise directivity, and mechanisms of ambient noise generation. Brekhovskikh was always eager to find practical applications of scientific results. Different methods of ensuring noise immunity of hydroacoustic arrays were developed under his supervision. Passive methods of acoustic navigation based on use of natural noise were suggested. Techniques for un...


Metallic 1T-phase MoS2 is considered as an ideal electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on account of abundant active sites and favorable conductivity compare to 2H-phase MoS2. Nevertheless, the conventional synthesis of 1T-phase MoS2 is complicated and the product is unstable, which hinder their practical applications. Herein, we propose a facile approach through a carbon-doping induced phase transition to obtain highly stable 1T-2H mixed MoS2 nanosheets. The phase transition process is characterized by Raman and XPS spectroscopy, as well as HRTEM images and delivers a high phase-purity of ~60% for 1T-MoS2. Both experimental results and density functional theory simulations indicate that the C-doped 1T-2H mixed MoS2 has the advantages of abundant active sites, facilitated charge transfer rate, as well as high activity towards HER. The obtained C-doped MoS2 exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic performance for HER with a low overpotential of 40 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in 1M KOH solution as well as brilliant stability.


Control systems of robot manipulators offer many challenges in education where the students must learn robot dynamics and control structures, and understand relations between the control parameters and the systems performance. Interactive simulation is aimed at improving the understanding of and intuition for the abstract parts of the control of robot courses. This paper presents an application of interactive simulation to teach control systems of robots. The application considers a nonlinear robot arm and two control modules: position control and motion control. Students can directly manipulate graphical representation of the systems such as a choice among seven control structures, controller gains, and desired trajectories, and obtain instant feedback on the effects. These features make the interactive learning tool stimulating and of high pedagogical value.


HCV NS3\|specific CD4\++ T cell response from patients with self\|limited infection is relevant to a benign course of HCV infection.In order to screening the CD4\++ T cell epitopes on HCV NS3,its gene\|fragment yeast display libraries were constructed.DNA encoding protein of HCV NS3 was partially digested with RQ1 DNaseⅠ to generate random fragments of 100~300 bp in length.These fragments were bluntly ended by T4 DNA polymerase,ligated with 5′ end phosphated 12\|mer linker which contained Bam HⅠ restriction site.The resulting fragments were ligated with Bam HⅠ digested yeast display vector pYD1.\%E.coli\% strain DH5α was transformed with the ligation mixture and approximately 2×10 6 transformants were obtained.That about 50% transformants contained inserts was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction.Five inserts were sequenced.Compared with those in DNA sequence databases,these sequences showed a high homology with those of HCV NS3.Shuttle plasmid pYD1 and recombinant plasmids were transformed into S.cerevisiae strain EBY 100 and yeast display libraries containing 2×10 5 independent inserts were obtained.After induction with galactose at 20℃ and stained with FITC labelled antibody,fusion protein could be detected on about 20% yeast cells surfaces.


This study discusses the role of brand image in mediating service quality and promotion of car purchase decisions on credit during the Covid-19 period at PT Maybank Indonesia Finance. This research was conducted by using the probability sampling method with the type of simple random sampling. Researchers distributed questionnaires to 100 Maybank Finance consumer respondents in DKI Jakarta and Tangerang. Data analysis using Smart PLS analysis. The results of the analysis conclude that service quality has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. It can be said, good service quality will affect the decision to buy a car on credit at Maybank Finance. The promotion has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. It can be said that the company's promotions will influence the decision to purchase a car on credit at Maybank Finance. Service quality has a positive and significant influence on brand image. Good service quality will form a good brand image in the minds of consumers. The promotion has a positive and significant influence on brand image. If the promotion is increasing, it will affect the company's brand image. Brand image has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. A good brand image will influence the decision to buy a car on credit at Maybank Finance. Brand image is also proven to have a role in mediating service quality on purchasing decisions.


This contribution, prepared within the Erasmus+ ReACTMe (Research & Action and Training inMedical Interpreting) project, aims at evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on access to medical interpreting and cultural mediation services in Italy. Medical  interpreters and cultural mediators, who play in Italy different although often overlapping roles, are particularly significant in removing language barriers to healthcare and social inclusion, despite the notable variation in the provision of these services in each European member state. Italy has been one of the first countries in Europe to be substantially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020, going into lockdown as early as the beginning of March, and cancelling all non-urgent medical consultations in an effort to prevent the collapse of ICUs. A similar pattern was observed during the subsequent waves of the pandemic when healthcare services were provided to non-COVID patients although with limitations. To what extent were medical interpreting/cultural mediation services affected and how has this impacted non-Italian-speaking patients? This contribution presents the results obtained through an online survey submitted to medical interpreters/cultural mediators from all over Italy between November 2020 andJanuary 2021. The results reveal that the pandemic has negatively affected the provision of medicalinterpreting/cultural mediation services with remote communication only partially making up for the lack of onsite language support and creating new challenges for both interpreters/cultural mediators and healthcare professionals.


Practitioners typically face situations in which examinees have not responded to all test items. This study investigated the effect on an examinee's ability estimate when an examinee is presented an item, has ample time to answer, but decides not to respond to the item. Three approaches to ability estimation (biweight estimation, expected a posteriori, and maximum likelihood estimation) were examined. A Monte Carlo study was performed and the effect of different levels of omissions on the simulee's ability estimates was determined. Results showed that the worst estimation occurred when omits were treated as incorrect. In contrast, substitution of 0.5 for omitted responses resulted in ability estimates that were almost as accurate as those using complete data. Implications for practitioners are discussed.


We present an empirical study of willingness-to-pay for protecting information (we term it willingness-to-protect) and willingness-to-accept a proposal to sell information (willingness-to-accept). We conducted the study in two parts. In the first part we presented the study participants with two yes/no offers, asking them to protect themselves against information release for a fixed amount of money, or offering them a fixed amount of money to release their information. In the second part we asked subjects to specify their maximum willingness-to-protect for personal data and their minimum willingness-to-accept for the release of personal information. Our results show a clear preference for money over data across the vast majority of participants in both the protection and the release scenarios, even when the monetary advantage of releasing or not protecting in the fixed amount choice situations is very small. In all hypothetical scenarios, we find that the average willingness-to-accept is dramatically higher than the average willingness-to-protect.


Cervical cancer, the third most common cancer among women in the world, was responsible for 275,000 deaths in 2008, 88 per cent of which occurred in developing countries and 159,800 in Asia. One in every five women in the world suffering from cervical cancer belongs to India which has the largest burden of cervical cancer patients in the world. Thus in India, the one of preventing cervical cancer is on the women themselves. Therefore, it is the women's knowledge level, motivation for screening and other psychosocial factors that determine her health seeking behaviour. In India, most studies have either addressed compliance rate of attendees of specially arranged screening programmes or have been done in hospital settings. Hence, this study was aimed to ascertain the knowledge of the women on cervical cancer, screening practices and their determinants among women. A descriptive study was done with self administered questionnaire. The 30 women were selected through convenient sampling technique. The result shows awareness significantly varied with the level of educational attainment and occupation at P=0.05 level. Regarding the knowledge on cervical cancer and its prevention 67% of the women are having inadequate knowledge, 23% of the women are having moderately adequate knowledge, 10% of the women having adequate knowledge. The study showed that there is very poor knowledge on cervical cancer and its prevention among women. Effective female education on cervical cancer and its prevention are necessary for successful cervical cancer screening programme. There is imperative need for exploitation of this knowledge in control and prevention of cervical cancer.


A retractable photographing lens is provided to occupy a small space while the photographing lens is completely inserted to the inside. A retractable photographing lens(11) having a photographing optical system comprises plural optical elements(LG1~LG4) having at least two radially retreating optical elements. During photographing, plural optical elements are aligned along an optical axis(ZP). If the retractable photographing lens moves from a photographing state to a complete receiving state, two radially retreating optical elements of plural optical elements is moved back to each radial retreat position in a radial direction and separated in different radial directions from the optical axis. Two radially retreating optical elements are moved back along the optical axis and positioned adjacently to each other within a plane crossing the optical axis.


25 Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a one of the important chronic infectious disease caused by acid fast bacilli of the genus mycobacterium, has a wide host range which includes elephants, llamas, deer, urial, tapiers, antelope, sheep, binturongs, lesser pandas (Liston & Soparkar, 1924), giraffe, wild sheep, mouse deer (sen gupta, 1974), blackbuck, sambar, chital, gaur (Rao, 1989), barking deer, hog deer, mithun and nilgai (Fox,1923). Besides this it is found affecting carnivores, primates, perissodactylids, marsupials, rodents, amphibians (Arora, 1994) and birds (Lesser whistling teal and pigeon) in captivity (Rao et al., 1982).


Conformational transitions of double-stranded DNA in different environments have long been studied as vital parts of both in vitro and in vivo processes. In this study, utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we provide detailed analysis of dynamics of A- to B-form transitions in DNA thin films of different hydrated states based on a statistical analysis of a substantial number of spectra and band shape analysis (peak fitting) in both the phosphate (1150–1000 cm−1) and sugar–phosphate (900–750 cm−1) region. Hydration of DNA thin films is systematically controlled by the time spent in the desiccator chamber (from 3 min to 40 min) allowing conformation and hydration signatures, in addition to variations due to ambient conditions, to be resolved in the spectra. Conformation transition from A-form to more ordered B-form is observed if sufficient time in the desiccator chamber is allowed and is confirmed by changes on the bands at ≈890, 860, 837, and 805 cm−1. Phosphate vibrations at ≈1230 cm−1 and 1089 cm−1, and backbone vibrations at ≈1030 cm−1 and 765 cm−1 were found to be sensitive to changes in hydration rather than conformation. Additionally, we found that spectral variations caused by ambient conditions can be significantly reduced without inducing conformational changes, which serves as a good basis for quality assurance.


The invention discloses an organic composite fertilizer for a later growth stage of a sunflower. The organic composite fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of dry seaweed segments, 6-8 parts of sunflower disc particles, 6-10 parts of cottonseed meal particles, 4-8 parts of rabbit manure particles, 0.4-0.5 part of potassium nitrate, 0.1-0.2 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.3-0.4 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2 parts of urea, 0.02-0.04 part of sodium borate and 60-80 parts of distilled water. According to the organic composite fertilizer, the problem that a sunflower plant is difficult to fertilize at the later growth stage is solved; absorption by the plant is facilitated; comprehensive nutrient elements are provided for growth of the sunflower at the sunflower disc forming stage and the seed maturing stage; the yield of the sunflower seeds is improved; according to the formula disclosed by the invention, the problem that the soil structure is easily destroyed by an inorganic solvent is solved; the production cost of the composite fertilizer is low; and the economic benefits of sunflower planting are improved.


—This paper addresses the distributed control of large scale systems that are modeled with timed continuous Petri nets ( ContPN ). Distributed structures are first obtained after the system is decomposed into subnets by cutting the original net through sets of places, and adding marking structurally implicit places. Then, local control laws are computed separately. Algorithms are proposed to make the locally computed laws to be compatible and fireable when the global state of the system is considered. It is proved that using the control laws computed with the proposed algorithms, the final state of the overall system can be reached in minimum time. A manufacturing system is taken as case study to illustrate the control method.


This paper reports on a mode for the simultaneous reaction kinetics and transport processes in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactors extended to treat deposition of materials that have a broad range of surface characteristics, e.g. sites with multiple dangling bonds and adsorbates with multiple bonding configurations. The model uses the nature of the surface to determine the elementary processes that can take place during growth. Rate constants for these processes are calculated from first principles using statistical thermodynamics, transition state theory, and bond dissociation enthalpies. In this way, deposition rates are determined without either assuming the reaction mechanism or arbitrarily choosing any kinetic parameter values. The utility of the approach is illustrated by modeling low-pressure CVD of tungsten from tungsten hexafluoride and hydrogen. The treatment considers 14 species and eight reactions in the gas together with 21 species and 65 processes at the surface.


In this paper,through analysis of solar energy、shallow geothermal energy resources of the Changchun area,it researched on technical and economic of the solar energy and shallow geothermal energy union heating system.


Most of the existing Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) models are prompt-dependent models that need the rated essays of specific prompt for training. However, there are few studies on prompt-independent AES. This paper studies how to fully use the effective prompt-dependent features to solve the prompt-independent AES problem. Different from the common method of only extracts multiple features, we consider reducing the interference between different features. We propose a new feature, called the deep dependent feature, which is extracted from the essay by a deep neural network. It is the representative feature that can distinguish the prompt label of the essay and has less overlap and conflict with other features. Firstly, we pre-scored the unrated target prompt data to generate pseudo data based on the manually extracted features. Then we build a new model, which is training on pseudo data to learn prompt-dependent information. Our model considers relevance feature, syntactic feature, and deep dependent feature. The performance of our model is evaluated on ASAP datasets, and the results show that our model outperforms the existing methods for prompt-independent AES.


Static tests were carried out for rubber bearings of 490 kN rated load which comprised 30 natural rubber sheets of 5 mm thickness 440 mm diameter bonded to steel plates. The tests showed that the bearings had stiffinesses to provide a 50000 kg rated mass with a horizontal natural frequency of about 0.5 Hz and a vertical one of about 17 Hz and that they could accept a displacement of about 300 mm under even a vertical load of 4 times the rated load. The tests also revealed characteristics of the horizontal restoring forces under various constant vertical loads and the vertical restoring forces under various fixed horizontal displacements. The horizontal stiffness of the bearing decreased with increased vertical load ; under a fixed vertical load, it was roughly linear for displacement. The vertical stiffness considerable decreased with horizontal displacement. These characteristics of the horizontal and the vertical stiffnesses were analyzed using simple models and fairly good results were obtained.


A robust approach to implement the FLS algorithm for linearly constrained adaptive filtering is derived in this work. The robustness is provided by means of an additional correcting term which is also updated by a LS procedure. In fact, the novel algorithm works as the LS version of the classical LMS-based Frost algorithm. Simulation results with a long data input sequence show the performance of the proposed technique.<<ETX>>


Fujimoto. K., 1997. Differences in the diurnal questing activities of unfed Ixodes ovatus and Haemaphysalis flava adults(Acarina: Ixodidae)observed under experimental outdoor conditions. J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn., 6(1): 57-64.The diurnal questing activities of unfed Ixodes. ovatus and Haemaphysalis flava adults were regularly observed under experimental outdoor conditions. Each of the unfed I. ovatus adults irregularly repeated ascents and descents in a plastic cylinder from May 17 to June 5, 1993. However, each individual unfed H. flava adult ascended in a plastic cylinder almost every day during the period in question. There was a significant difference in the proportion of the ascended days between the two tick species. This suggests that the diurnal activity during questing is different between the unfed I.ovatus and H. flava adults.This difference appears to be caused by the different susceptibility of the unfed adults to low humidity. Therefore, desiccation appears to influence the quantitative sampling of both of the tick species when the flagging method was used.


In the present paper,four species of the genus Hepialus are described as new.All the type specimens were collected in the snow mountains and deposited in Kunming Institute of Zoology,the Chinese Academy of Sciences.


The invention discloses a corrective shoe, a corrective shoe insole and a correcting method.The corrective shoe comprises a shoe sole, the corrective shoe insole and a shoe vamp, wherein the shop vamp and the corrective shoe insole are connected into a whole.The shoe sole extends forwards from the inner side position of a shoe heel to the two-third part of the big toe and then is narrowed and sharpened.The front end of the shoe heel is provided with a corrector for fixing toes.The corrective shoe insole comprises a bottom layer, a soft cushion layer, a circuit board layer, a sweat absorption layer and a shoe insole outer layer.The foot arch position of the shoe insole outer layer is provided with a protruding soft cushion.The front end of the shoe insole outer layer is provided with a detachable toe corrector corresponding to the toes of the foot of the human body.The shoe insole outer layer is further provided with a plurality of infrared massaging protrusion blocks corresponding to foot acupuncture points of the human body.A foot correction monitoring system and a gait analysis system are integrated in the circuit board layer.The corrective shoe has the functions of removing sweat and protecting an internal circuit board, monitors the static form and walking form of the foot of a user, is connected with a mobile terminal, and provides foot correction suggestions and early warning.


Objective: to analyze the occurrence of follow-up visits of women using copper IUDs (TCu 380A) inserted during the post-placental period (postpartum and trans-cesarean), in a public hospital in Southern Brazil. Method: prospective cohort with women who had an IUD inserted in the post-placental period and who answered a survey regarding the follow-up visit. Collection took place between September 2020 and February 2021. The chi-square test was used for analysis, considering a significance value of 5% (p<0.05). Results: 285 women were interviewed, with an average age of 28.5 years and 10 years of study. In the sample, 60.7% had a follow-up visit, with 29.8% in the recommended period, 61.3% underwent a gynecological examination, and 78.1% were seen by physicians. The main reasons reported for non-occurrence of follow-up visit were unavailability to schedule an appointment in the recommended period (38.2%) and professionals advising to schedule the appointment after an ultrasonography (26.3%). Conclusion: difficulties in appropriately performing the follow-up visit were observed for a large part of the sample. The findings of this study suggest the need to expand access to health services and train health teams to provide follow-up visits after post-placental IUD insertion, based on defined protocols.