In China, certain communities of Neolithic farmers, artists, and potters mass-produced intriguing pottery with images representing fish and birds, in addition to many geometric designs never before seen. Today this group of communities, who lived primarily in the upper Yellow River region, is called the Majiayao culture. This paper examines two Majiayao jars showing human figures in bas-relief that stand out as extraordinary. While the two jars are parallel in that they depict humans, the magician's portrait on the map jar appears serene while the image of the naked human looks intense, as if giving birth. And, in fact, they are notably different from each other except in one revealing characteristic, which I will examine below. As I explained in "Magician's Map" (Turk 2011), the four-paneled Majiayao water jar can be read as a map of the Yellow River in a sifang ("four direction") pattern, an important ordering concept in Chinese culture. The Majiayao scribes also painted other complex patterns; this jar, however, represents the most complex composition of symbols found to date. In this paper I propose that the ancient symbols depicted on the jar represent concepts that persist in modern Chinese culture. Today these concepts compose a theory of correlative cosmology which includes "yinyang," "three powers," and "five elements." 1 The image of the magician-map jar is from Rawson 1996, 36, and of naked-human jar from Rawson 1996, 38. Michael Turk, "Majiayao Legacy" Sino-Platonic Papers, 254 (January 2015) 3 Because knowledge of Chinese correlative cosmology is essential to understanding the significance of the symbols on the magician-map jar, I begin with an introduction to the theories that guide traditional Chinese medicine, including the two well-known concepts of "yinyang" (taiji / 太極) and "five elements" (wuxing / 五行). What is less well known about these theories is that they are part of a greater interconnecting data structure that includes the "three powers" (sancai / 三才), "four directions" (sifang / 四方), "four seasons" (sishi / 四時), and many more numeric correlations, all part of a unifying set of laws and correspondences. The magician-map jar, featured in many books on Neolithic China, is inscribed with symbols in panels around the body of the jar. Reading the patterns made by the jar's symbols reveals three maps: (1) a map of the Yellow River correlated with the place at which the jar was found buried (see Turk 2011), (2) a map of the polar stars prominent during the time the jar was made, and — to my surprise — (3) a map of acupuncture points and meridians painted on the magician's body. The acupuncture evidence indicates cross-cultural influence, because at the same time that the Majiayao culture appeared in northwest China, Otzi the Iceman had acupoints tattooed on his body in Europe. Michael Turk, "Majiayao Legacy" Sino-Platonic Papers, 254 (January 2015) 4 Timeline Chronology of Northwest Chinese Neolithic Cultures Yangshao culture 4800–3000 BC Banpo phase 4800–4200 BC Miaodigou phase 4000–3000 BC Majiayao culture 3100–2000 BC Majiayao phase 3100–2700 BC Banshan phase 2700–2400 BC Machang phase 2400–2000 BC Qijia culture 2400–1900 BC Xia dynasty – Erlitou culture 1953–1576 BC Chronology of Early Historic Dynasties Shang dynasty 1576–1059 BC Oracle Bone Script 1200–1050 BC Zhou dynasty 1059–221 BC Qin dynasty 221–206 BC Han dynasty 206 BC – 220 AD 2 This chronology is based on the work of David Pankenier (1982, 1985, 1995). Pankenier used computer astronomy programs to map the stars visible during specific events mentioned in early texts, thus establishing a secure chronology for the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. From Pankenier 1995, "Early Astronomical Observations and Their Correlation with Political Dynasties," 123– 24: "In the predawn hours of late February, 1953 BC, and again at dusk in late May, 1059 B C, the two most dense gatherings of planets in the past 5,000 years took place. These exceptionally close encounters of the "five pacers" (wubu / 五步) would have captivated even casual observers throughout the world for several days, if only because of the extreme rarity of such spectacular conjunctions. Both clusters were certainly witnessed, and more importantly, remembered, by the ancient Chinese, who must have gazed in amazement as they strove to comprehend their significance. Still another curious planetary "dance" in 1576 B C, at the beginning of the Shang dynasty, was remembered for its association with the transformation of the political landscape of North China then already underway. An abundance of literary and chronological evidence drawn from numerous Zhou and Han sources suggests that these celestial events were taken from the start to signal the high god's recognition of the legitimacy of a new regime, first Xia in 1953 BC, followed by Shang in 1576 B C, and the Zhou in 1059 B C." A conjunction of all five visible planets occurs about every five hundred years. (One such gathering of the five occurred in April 2000. I was able to observe the planets from a meadow high in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, a thrilling experience.) Michael Turk, "Majiayao Legacy" Sino-Platonic Papers, 254 (January 2015) 5 1. Prehistoric Precursors of Chinese Cosmology Chinese cosmology is best known for the theories of yinyang and wuxing, the latter translated as "five elements or phases." The legacy of Majiayao culture deserves study because the earliest symbols on Mjiayao pottery describe a cosmology that survived into Han dynasty texts and much later. The evidence at the center of this claim is a remarkable jar, on which the images painted by Neolithic Chinese farmers turn out to be symbols in a complex pattern that I recognized as belonging to the correlative cosmology of China. My previous paper, "Magician's Map" (Turk 2011, SPP 218), presented evidence that the complex pattern on the jar is a map of the Yellow River painted in panels representing the landscape in three of four directions around a fifth, middle land — patterns called "four directions" (sifang) and "five phases" (wuxing) in ancient Chinese correlative cosmology. Chinese cosmology is a dynamic, changeable model for classifying information into stylized numeric patterns. This numeric ontology has at its core a five-in-one ontological structure, discussed in this paper with supporting evidence from additional images and patterns on the jar — namely, yinyang and the three powers: heaven, earth, and human. With the background of this understanding, the current paper will explore Majiayao achievements in midwifery, acupuncture-anatomy, and astronomy. More supporting proof is found on other 3 Chinese cosmology is characterized as one of "systematic correspondences" or as a "symbolic correlation system." For more examples, see: Ho 1985, 21, on "symbolic correlations," Needham 1956, 279, on "correlative thinking," Hsu 2001, 93, on "correlative cosmology," and Unschuld 1985, 51, on "medicine of systematic correspondences." 4 Turk 2011. 5 Wang 2000, 25. Wang explains the results of her study of Shang cosmology in chapter 2, "Sifang and the Center: The Cosmology of the Ruling Clan," in which she states, "This prolonged search for the origin of Wuxing in Shang has established two points — that a certain structural continuity between Shang cosmology and the Wuxing system did exist, and that the spatial notion of Sifang is of primary importance as one of many possible origins of Wuxing, including the correlation of seasons and directions, the numerology of five, and color systems." And from the abstract of Pankenier 2009: "Archaeological discoveries from the Chinese Bronze Age have demonstrated a dominant concern with achieving cardinal orientation that persisted throughout the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties (ca. 2000–300 B C E). It has long been understood that cardinality is an index of the paradigmatic roles of 'the center' and 'the four quarters,' both core organizing principles of early Chinese cosmological thinking." Michael Turk, "Majiayao Legacy" Sino-Platonic Papers, 254 (January 2015) 6 artifacts left by the innovative Majiayao farmers, who were known for their beautifully painted mass-produced pottery. They were also the first in China to terrace the mountains for farming and to mine the mountains for metal to make bronze. Chinese correlative cosmology employs many number patterns. Numbers, though they do not exist in nature, are fundamental to the understanding of nature. Chinese cosmology incorporates numeric ontologies as organizing principles. The theory of ontology, a study of elements and their relationships, emerged in the discussions of Greek philosophers. Today computer scientists discuss ontological domains with elements, relationships, and structures in a knowledge framework. The philosophy of ontology guides the design of computerized information structures, and then the digital framework stores data for retrieval and the analysis of a domain. I think of Chinese correlative cosmology as a database of natural knowledge similar to the computer knowledge base systems of today. 6 Loewe and Shaughnessy 1999. Yangshao culture is covered here, but Majiayao culture is not mentioned. 7 In my first career I programmed databases; later, in 1989, I programmed a relational database to use as a point-ofsale accounting system for the office I used as a professional acupuncturist. I use the program to this day. Michael Turk, "Majiayao Legacy" Sino-Platonic Papers, 254 (January 2015) 7 2. Chinese Cosmology Cosmic Correlations on a Bronze Mirror This bronze mirror illustrates several numeric ontologies from Chinese correlative cosmology. Around the center are four creatures representing astronomical constellations: the Green Dragon, the Red Bird, the White Tiger, and the Dark Warrior. The next layer shows the eight trigrams from the Book of Change. The surrounding circles are the 12 animals of Chinese astrology, the 24 solar terms, and then t


Ultrathin wafers have intrinsic warpage and bow level due to residual stress during wafer fabrication and the acting gravitational force onto the unsupported weight of the wafer when placed in cassettes. The induced warpage on the parent wafer slice is translated into component dies during wafer sawing where additional stresses are introduced by the centrifugal force of rotating blade. Not only that high warpage and bow level increases the risk of die chipping and other sawing defects but also contribute to the poor adhesion of the die attach material to the adherend surface especially on the middle region where the maximum point of warpage and bowing is typically situated. The insufficient adhesion forms uneven gap on the interface which triggers non-uniform bondline thickness and consequently causes delamination. Reducing the warpage and bow level of the wafer has been the least option as package assembly process and wafer fabrication are two separate process and that limited solutions on wafer process and handling can be done due to thinness of the die. In this paper, the researchers identified solutions on the CDAF-to-Ag-plated surface interfacial delamination through diebond process optimization and surface characterization to arrive with appropriate leadframe material surface composition and optimized diebond parameters to offset the peeling stress from deflection of convex curvature of high aspect ratio ultrathin capacitor dies.


Abstract The objective of the paper is to analyse the impact of the Swiss National Bank's decision to introduce the floating exchange rate of the franc on January 15th, 2015, upon the market value of commercial banks operating in the Polish banking sector. The analysis involved twelve commercial banks quoted on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The results are inconclusive. The predicted reduction of the banks' market value was less significant than indicated by market investors' reaction on the day after the announcement of the decision to introduce the floating exchange rate of the franc. The banks most prone to granting credit denominated in CHF did experience the largest reduction of their share quotations. However, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient calculated for the correlation between the average cumulative abnormal returns on shares for the entire analysed sample, and the proportion of credits denominated in Swiss francs in the total credit portfolio, indicated only a moderate correlation between both variables.


Introduction: Chahar Maghaleh is a famous classical prose in Iranian literature that is written by Nezami Aroozi Samraghadi in the 6 th century (Hejri or 12th Century B.S).This book contains four articles (discourses) in the field of Secretary, Poetry, Planetary and medicine. In medical article there are many interested points of medical ethics.  In this study we described and   interpreted these ethical points in this article. Method: This is a quantitative study in the form of content analysis and in this way we studied the medical article from a reliable text of Chahar Maghaleh and conclude ethical points then described and interpreted these ethical points in the comparison of new medical ethics. Result: The article emphasis on: debonair with patients, Good behavior with colleagues and teachers; acted wisely and intelligently as a physician; Believe and act to Islamic codes. Conclusion: The results showed that traditional Iranian–Islamic Medicine  paid more  attention to medical ethics and we can utilize this  background in Patients-Right and Patients-Doctors relationships.


An imbalanced load application of the upper extremity may contribute to overuse‐induced injuries of the fingers. Thus, the present study evaluated load‐application symmetry between the right and the left hand and its work‐relief ratios (WRR) depending on climbing ability and pre‐exhaustion level. Twenty‐eight sport climbers (age: 29 ± 8 years; body mass index: 22 ± 2 kg/m2; years of climbing: 10 ± 6; climbing level: 6+ UIAA to 9 UIAA) were assigned to a group of recreational (≤8–UIAA, n = 14) or a group of ambitious (≥8 UIAA, n = 14) climbers. Blood lactate and perceived exertion level were recorded at the end of the climbing attempt. Load application and WRR were derived from video analysis separately for the left and the right hand. Differences in load‐application time between the left (47 ± 4%) and the right (53 ± 4%) hand (P < 0.001) were observed. Irrespective of side differences, the overall WRR was 5:1. Increasing climbing level leads to a more symmetric load application (r = −0.42, P < 0.03). Differences of lactate concentration and exertion level were found between the pre‐ and the non‐pre‐exhausted group. Depending on climbing ability and exhaustion level, load application for the dominant hand (right) prevails. Further longitudinal studies should focus on imbalanced load application and overuse‐induced climbing injuries.


Prediabetes is a disorder that affects metabolic function and is associated with heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). A correlation between T2D and accelerated senescence has been reported however the link between prediabetes and senescence remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the correlation between prediabetes and senescence by analyzing changes in biological aging biomarkers. This systematic review protocol and meta- analysis follow the PRISMA 2015 reporting standards. Clinical studies published from 2003 to 2023 will be included, focusing on senescence and blood-based biomarkers of aging in a multi- ethnic population. Various study designs, such as cross-sectional, comparative cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies, will be considered. The search will be conducted in databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and WHO Global Health Library. Eligibility assessment will be performed by two reviewers, with any discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Risk of bias will be evaluated using the Downs and Black checklist, and meta- analysis will be conducted using Review Manager software. The main findings of this study will identify the correlation between prediabetes and senescence, highlighting common pathways and changes in biomarkers of aging. This review will provide valuable information on the impact of prediabetes on aging.


The direct energy conversion of nuclear energy requires nano-structured nuclear fuel The principle of the radiation energy direct conversion is the usage of the knock-on electrons produced by the moving particle interaction with the lattice. These electrons transfer their energy to other electrons creating a shower of low energy and high current. A structure created of independent nanowires of two different materials insulated in a thin dielectric coating may use as electron showers energy harvesting device. The dimensions of the conductors are in the range of few tens of nm while the insulators are of several nm, offering a breakdown voltage of few milivolts. When the mowing particles interacts with them it generates consistent eshowers when riches the high electron density conductor which are passing through insulators and stops in the low electron density conductor polarizing it negatively. These two types of conductors are connected to an external load transferring the accumulated charge. To obtain a higher voltage, in a uniform radiation field bimetal nanobeads insulated together and self-organizing have to be created around the radiation source. The advantages consist in transforming the actual nuclear reactors into high power solid-state batteries with no heat exchangers and turbines.


Abstract This article examines Lucas Cranach's renderings of two non-extant silver gilt reliquaries made in the likeness of St. Eligius from the electoral Heiligtu. in Wittenberg. The significance of Eligius's dual roles as both a metalworker for the Merovingian kings and as the bishop of Noyon bestowed the prince-electors in Wittenberg, most notably Frederick the Wise, with the ability to cleanse their treasury of all sin associated with indulgences. To explain the prominent place given to Eligius's image in the collection, the article investigates his connection to French royalty, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV's valorization of his cult, the meaning attributed to his image in vernacular legends, and the evolving administrative role of bishops across the Middle Ages.


The influence of various amounts of shrub and herb cover on microclimate and on survival and growth of Engelmann spruce (Piceaengelmannii Parry) and lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl.) was examin...


Objective Based on the depression survey for the pointed condyloma patients,this paper analyzes and discusses the influence of the anxiety for the Condylom acuminatu patients on cellular immune Method We adopt the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale and use flow cytometer to check the activity of the CD4+ 、 CD8+、 NK cells that from the peripheral blood of the CA patients. Result Depression rate of occurrence of CA patients is57. 1%, which is related to the educational background,sex, marriage, history, economic status and information such as whether he/she has a child, the condition of the first treatment, the acquaintce of the venereal disease and the recurrence of CA disease ect.CD4+, CD8+ CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells between anxiety group and non-anxiety group are compared respectively, and the P value is less than 0.05, so the difference is statistical significant. Conclusion There exists obvious anxiety in CA patients and is related to individual and sicial fators, and the cellular immune function of the patients of anxiety is worse than the corresponding reference group.

Key words:
Condyloma acuminatu; Anxiety; Cellular immune


We study the spectral geometry of the Riemann curvature tensor for Pseudo-Riemannian manifolds and provide some examples illustrating the phenomena which can arise in the higher signature setting.
Dedication: This paper is dedicated to the memory of our colleague Prof.G. Tsagas who studied the spectral geometry of Laplacian.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a member at a low cost for securely supporting a plurality of pouch type batteries in one frame or a casing.SOLUTION: A support member (4) for supporting a pouch type battery includes a substrate (5). The substrate (5) is formed as a molding part including a contact surface being in contact with a seal seam of the pouch type battery.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2


The presence of "elastic" fibers in addition to collagen in the mesogloea of the column wall of Pachycerianthus has been demonstrated by staining with spirit blue or aldehyde – fuchsin after oxidat...


The application of trajectory correction technique in the suppression weapon enhances the precision striking capability.The make-up and the principle of semi-active laser trajectory correction system are analyzed,the echo power is concluded no matter what the sizes of the beam and target.The key techniques must be considered in the system design.Valuable conclusions are drawn for the application of semi-active laser trajectory correction system.


The purpose of the study was to assess the socio economic status of university Volleyball players of various universities of Karnataka state. The objectives of the study was to find out whether there is any significant association exists in the socio economic status of university Volleyball players participating at various levels of Volleyball tournaments. For the purpose of the study the researcher selected 60 Volleyball players from the different universities of Karnataka as subjects. The researcher administered the socio economic status developed by Bharadwaj (2015) used as tool for gathering the data. The data were analyzed through chi-square and Cramer's V tests. Results revealed that majority of them were belonged to middle socio economic status group with 71.7%,15.0% of them were in lower SES class and remaining 13.3% of them were in high SES class. Tumkur University belonged to low SES compared to players from other universities. On the whole, at all India level, only KSWU university players participated than other universities. At the national level more participation has come from Mangalore university compare to rest of the universities.


1-Bromo-2-naphthylamine or 2-bromo-1-naphthylamine were used as substrates and treated with various nucleophiles, such as ketone enolates, phosphonates or thiolates, under S RN 1 conditions to afford benzo[e]- or benzo[g]indoles, naphthoazaphospholes and thiazines.


This paper investigates the conditions for a minimum of a "polynomial" functional. Gateaux gradient and necessary conditions for a minimum are obtained for the "polynomial" functional. The necessary minimum conditions are used in the description of the steepest descent method for the considered problem. Further the problem of constrained minimizing of the "polynomial" functional is investigated. Using the theory of exact penalty functions, this problem under constraints reduces to the problem of unconstrained minimization. The resulting minimum conditions allow us to describe the method of hypodifferential descent for the considered problem. Numerical examples of the described methods are included. The problem of minimizing the product of powers of the integrals is widely used in aerodynamics. Some examples of integral equations and the problem of the control theory are given, which can be reduced to the problem of minimizing a "polynomial" functional. Bibliogr. 14. Table 1.


Phytoconstituents of fruits, vegetables, spice and herbs are important for human
health. Phytoconstituents play an important role in the growth, development, defensive mechanism,
colors, odour and flavors of plants. Psoralea corylifolia Linn (P. corylifolia) commonly known as 'Bakuchi'
belongs to Leguminosae family widely distributed in China and Southeastern Asian countries.

Various electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google were
searched to collect the data of the present review. Further, all the collected information was categorized
into different section as per the aim of the paper. Moreover, analyzed data were also presented in the
graphical abstract.

Seventy-two research and review papers have been collected and were included in the present
review. Nineteen papers contained general information's of P. corylifolia, Psoralens and psoralidin
whereas thirty paper data were presented in the pharmacological activities sections and remaining in the
Analytical tools and discussion section. From these databases, we can say that P. corylifolia possesses
antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antioxidant, antiflarial, estrogenic, antitumour, and immunomodulatory
activities. Psoralens are mainly used in the treatment of psoriasis, vitiligo and dermatitis.
Topical or oral psoralens followed by UVA radiation exposure are one of the best treatments of leucoderma.
Psoralidin exhibits antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.

 This review summarizes an overview of P. corylifolia, psoralen and its derivative
psoralidin with respects to their pharmacological activities, medicinal uses, biological activities and
bioanalytical aspects. These data will be helpful in the translation of information from traditional to the
modern medicine of psoralidin.


We investigated the training effect of postural control for the elderly adults using a training system for postural control that we developed. 15 healthy elderly subjects were in the training group. 15 were as the control group. The training group participated in the training 3 times a week for 8 weeks in 1 hour sessions. To confirm the training effect, we measured relevant parameters such as the time of timed up and go test, and the sway path of center of pressure before and that after the training. The results showed that this training system could successfully improve the postural control capability of the elderly adults. Moreover, the significant improvement in the postural capability of the elderly subjects suggested that elderly subjects could benefit more from the training using the system for the improvement of the ability of postural control.


Studies were made of the effects of cold acclimation on the weight, the total protein content, and the enzymatic activity of brown fat of hamsters. For comparison, some enzymatic assays were also c...


Elemental analyzers and infrared spectrometer was used to study the effects of the different organic materials on the structure and elemental composition of humus in black soil.Compared with CK,after five years,application of organic materials resulted in significant decrease of carbon(C) and hydrogen(H) of humic acid(HA),and the role of herb residue was the most obvious.Apart from animal excrement,other organic materials significantly increased nitrogen(N) of HA,and the content of oxygen(O) was remarkable different among different treats.Application of herb residues increased N of fulvic acid(FA).The content of C and O were remarkable different among different treats.Use of organic materials resulted in significant decrease of C and H,but enhanced content of O in humin linked to iron(HMi),and the role of herb residues was the most obvious,at the same time,herb residue decreased N of HMi.After application of animal excrement and woody residue content of C and N in humin linked to clay(HMc) was enhanced,and H in HMc was decreased.Compared with CK,application of organic materials resulted in significant decrease of H in HMc,and it was remarkable among different treats.Compared with control treatment(CK),application of organic materials decreased aliphatic compounds of humic acid(HA) and fulvic acid(FA),and the role of plant residues was the most obvious.In humin linked to clay(HMc),all the organic materials could increased aliphatic compounds,at the same time,decreased content of aryl-groups C=C.After five years,use of organic materials decreased content of hydroxyl and saccharide in humin linked to iron(HMi),but increased aliphatic compounds.Results showed there were different effects on the structure and elemental composition of humus due to different organic materials.


This paper is a continuation of our work [PS2] in which we prove some general results about simple (g, k)-modules with bounded k -multiplicities (or bounded simple (g, k)-modules). In the absence of a classification of bounded simple (g, k)-modules in general, it is important to understand some special cases as best as possible. Here we consider the case k = sl(2). It turns out that in order for an infinite-dimensional bounded simple (g, sl(2))-module to exist, g must have rank 2, and, up to conjugation, there are five possible embeddings sl(2) → g which yield infinite-dimensional bounded simple (g, sl(2))-modules. Our main result is a detailed description of the bounded simple (g, sl(2))modules in all five cases. When g ' sl(2) ⊕ sl(2) we reproduce in modern terms some classical results from the 1940's. When g ' sl(3) and sl(2) is a principal subalgebra, bounded simple (sl(3), sl(2))-modules are Harish-Chandra modules and our result singles out all Harish-Chandra modules with bounded sl(2)-multiplicities. A case where the result is entirely new is the case of a principal sl(2)-subalgebra of g = sp(4). Mathematics Subject Classification 2000: Primary 17B10, Secondary 22E46.


This article presents a new dataset of pledges made by Europarties during the 2004 and 2009 European Parliament elections, as well as pre-legislative priorities of the European Commission following these elections. The data cover two legislative cycles in the period 2004–2013. The article discusses the rationale behind the development of this dataset, the coding, and the measurement of the variables, and it highlights the applicability of these data.


An exposure experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentrations of plumbum iron (Pb2+) on activity of nonspecific esterase and myeloperoxidase in serum and haemocytes of Chlamys farreri. The results showed that when the concentrations of Pb2+ were at 0.02mg·L-1 and 0.05mg·L-1, the nonspecific esterase activity in serum was higher than control group as well as the esterase activity in haemocytes withα-naphthyl butyra as substrate. When the concentration reached at 0.1mg·L-1, the esterase activity was lower than control group. Pb2+ concentration also has significantly effect on the myeloperoxidase activity in serum and haemocytes and it indicated the law of restraint-induction-restraint with the increase of plumbum concentration. Such results showed that the activity of nonspecific esterase and myeloperoxidase in serum and haemocytes responses sensitively to the Pb2+ contamination. So its can be used as a physiological index for earlier marine Pb2+ pollution detection.


Magnetic antenna (1) - which is arranged in a birdcage structure, parallel antenna longitudinal rods (2) and the antenna longitudinal rods (2) high-frequency-end connecting antenna end rings (3), - with a plurality of high-frequency switching elements (8, 8a, 8b) in order to interrupt at least a portion of the antenna longitudinal bars (2) for detuning of the natural resonant frequency of the antenna (1) relative to a working magnetic resonance frequency the high frequency manner, and - two from outside the birdcage structure to the high-frequency switching elements (8, 8a, 8b) guided common switching lines (9, 10) which are each annularly on or transversely in the birdcage structure to the antenna longitudinal rods (2) extending annular duct (11, 12) to which the individual high-frequency switching elements (8, 8a, 8b) are respectively connected.


A primary objective of the study is to improve the understanding of the role of performance quality in determining a model's acceptability and usefulness to the policy maker, and thus to aid in developing soundly-based expectations of the modeling process. The vehicle for pursuing this objective is examining the historical evolution of the Urban Airshed Model (UAM), a grid-based photochemical model whose basic formulation is similar to the Regional Acid Deposition Model, and its application to policy analysis in the South Coast Air Basin of California. A derivative objective is to draw implications from the findings to aid in appraising the merits of future pursuits, notably the mounting of comprehensive field programs to support the evaluation of regional acid deposition models. The report describes the UAM, examines its predictive capability through scrutiny of historical performance statistics, assesses its degree of acceptance in the scientific and regulatory communities, based on information and viewpoints solicited through questionnaires and interviews, examines the influence on the policy-making community of the UAM studies and, based on these 'findings', attempts to develop a perspective on the expectations of current regional acid deposition models.


1. A planar graph G is a graph which may be topologically imbedded in a plane or equivalently in a sphere. N.a.s.c. for this to happen have been given by Kuratowski,1 Hassler Whitney,2 and Saunders Mac Lane.3 The simplest formulation is Mac Lane's who has proved a particularly elegant theorem. We propose to give here a new and more rapid proof of this proposition-more rapid because of the utilization of some well-known results from two-dimensional algebraic topology. 2. A graph G, as we understand it, is a finite collection of vertices a1, a2, aa, and disjoint arcs b1, b2, .. ., ba, which is connected and such that every arc joins two distinct vertices. The characteristic x(G) of G satisfies


Targeted Audience: Researchers and Clinicians interested in using quantitative relaxation measures to the study the effect of physiological and metabolic changes including those associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders on tissue parameters. Purpose: Quantification of multiple tissue parameters is emerging as a powerful tool in diagnosing various neurological and psychiatric diseases. However the major bottleneck in its routine clinical use is the long acquisition times needed to acquire multiple contrast weighted images. In addition, long acquisition times are likely to result in motion induced artifacts. In this work, we propose a dictionary learning based scheme to simultaneously recover T1ρ and T2 maps. Although, T1 ρ is sensitive to a number of tissue properties of interest, it is not specific. Acquiring additional parameters (e.g. T2ρ and T2) can improve the specificity of T1ρ. The proposed method models the data as a weighted linear combination of basis functions from a dictionary, which is learned from the measured data. Methods: The reconstruction from under-sampled data is posed as a constrained optimization problem given by: , , ; 1, where b=under-sampled data, U=sparse coefficient matrix, V=learned dictionary, and A considers coil sensitivity encoding along with Fourier encoding. A sparsity-promoting l1 norm prior is enforced on U, while the Frobenius norm of the dictionary V is constrained. This approach jointly estimates the sparse coefficients U and the dictionary basis functions V from the measured undersampled k-space data b. We evaluated the utility of the proposed algorithm using both retrospective undersampling and prospective undersampled acquisitions. A fully sampled 2D dataset was acquired using a TSE sequence combined with T1ρ and T2 preparatory pulses (Turbo factor=8; FOV=22x22cm, TR=2.5s, spin lock freq=330Hz). T1ρ and T2 weighted images were acquired by changing the duration of the T1ρ preparation pulse spin lock time (TSL) and T2 preparation pulse echo time (TE). The data was collected for 12 equispaced TSLs and TEs each ranging from 10ms to 120ms resulting in a scan time of 16min. The 2D data was retrospectively undersampled using a variable density sampling pattern at acceleration R=6,8,10,12. The 3D prospective dataset with R=8 was acquired using a segmented 3D GRE sequence based on the 3D MAPSS approach (TR=5.6ms, Res=1.7mm isotropic, FOV=22x22x22cm). Ten T1ρ spin-lock images and ten T2 TE images were acquired (10ms 100ms) resulting in a scan time of 20min. Both the datasets were reconstructed using the proposed scheme and the results were compared with kt-PCA and CS based schemes. The proposed scheme was solved using two algorithms: Algorithm 1without variable splitting and Algorithm 2 – with variable splitting. The parameters were estimated using a single


Corrosion of steel reinforcement is the main cause of deterioration and preliminary failure of reinforced concrete construction. The effect is the large amount of funding to repair, restore and replace the broken part. The aim of this research is to figure out the corrosion process on the reinforcement of concrete construction with local aggregate in the salt water environment. The specific aim is to find out the corrosion rate of steel reinforcement having concrete compression strength between 25 MPa to 30 MPa. The DC Electrochemical Test Method with impressed current technique was used in this research. The test is using cylinder with various diameter. The reinforcement steel is placed in the center of cylinder cross section to make a condition of different cover thickness. The test was conducted 45 days non-stop, observing specimen's potential change and crack pattern. The corrosion rate and corrosion current density (I corr ) were compute using weight loss of steel. The carbonation test using buffer phenolphthalein was also conducted in this research. The result shows that there're a downstream trend of corrosion rate and corrosion current density to the concrete cover's thickness. The corrosion rate of ∅ 1.25", ∅ 3", ∅ 5" and ∅ 6" specimens as follow: 4.440981 mm/yr, 1.63395 mm/yr, 0.026253 mm/yr and 0.00 mm/yr. The corrosion current density (I corr ) of ∅ 1.25", ∅ 3", ∅ 5" and ∅ 6" specimens as follow: 0.000382446 mA/cm 2 , 0.000141 mA/cm 2 , 2.2x10 -6 mA/cm 2 and 0.00 mA/cm 2 .The potential change's profile will goes down according to the time of test. The graph of potential change to the time forming a curved line until a time when the line becomes straight. The crack pattern started from the region between the submerge and the dry region, then move to the entire part of specimen. The carbonation was dominated by corroded specimen. Keyword: corrosion of concrete reinforcement, concrete cover thickness, carbonation, impressed current technique


Background:
 Partial aortic occlusion may increase global cerebral blood volume (CBV) to enhance collateral perfusion in acute ischemic stroke. Therapeutic CBV changes in the ischemic territory may be difficult to detect with standard techniques if superimposed on global CBV alterations. We used CBV gradient maps to evaluate perfusion augmentation in the ischemic territory on serial MRI from baseline to 6 hours follow-up in subjects randomized to medical therapy with or without NeuroFlo treatment in the SENTIS trial.

 Methods:
 Perfusion MRI datasets in 54 subjects acquired at both baseline and 6 hours were prospectively collected at the core lab. Post-processing yielded CBV images and corresponding CBV gradient maps that depict regional variation of this perfusion parameter. Blinded imaging expert review was conducted to document presence, location, and other features of CBV gradients, with description of serial changes. Serial changes in CBV gradient maps were analyzed with respect to baseline demographics, medical history, treatment arm, and clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale, mRS) at day 90.

 Results:
 CBV gradient maps could be generated in 51 subjects with paired perfusion MRIs. CBV gradients were evident in 33/51 subjects (64.7%) at baseline, predominantly involving peripheral regions of the MCA territory. The presence of CBV gradients at baseline did not differ based on demographics, medical history, or treatment allocation. Overall, 12.1% revealed unchanged CBV gradients from baseline to 6 hours, with worsening in 18.2% and improvements in 69.7%. Alterations of CBV gradients on serial MRI were not related to baseline demographics or medical history in this cohort. Device therapy, however, was significantly associated with improvement of CBV gradients (p=0.005). Such early improvement in perfusion immediately post-procedure did not translate into statistically improved clinical outcomes (mRS 0-2) at day 90.

 Conclusions:
 CBV gradient maps can depict evolution of ischemia in acute stroke and therapeutic interventions such as perfusion augmentation. Treatment with the NeuroFlo device may improve perfusion in acute stroke, although other factors may subsequently influence clinical outcomes at day 90.


To optimize the health evaluation of Giant and Neotropical otters in the wild and under human care and  to guarantee the quality of the information collected and maximize efforts in research projects, Brazilian veterinarians developed two protocols: 1) Protocol for collection, processing and storage of biological samples from live Giant and Neotropical otters, 2) Protocol for collection of biological material during necropsy.


In this opinion piece, Anneke Meerkotter, Litigation Director of the Southern Africa Litigation Centre [1] (SALC), discusses a recent High Court of Lesotho (sitting as a Constitutional Court) judgment which declared the offence of criminal defamation unconstitutional. She takes the opportunity to also reflect more generally on the extent to which judiciaries have created the space for constitutional jurisprudence to be exercised in a manner that facilitates social transformation.


Taking a "Costly Treatment Expenditure" case reported in CCTV as an example,this paper analyzes the characteristics of present relationship between hospital and patient and the consequence it results in.Furthermore,this paper expounds on the governance mechanism by taking advantage of the game theory.It is shown that reputation mechanism is a key mechanism to govern the relationship between hospital and patient,but is to be affected by some factors.


Background: Obesity, particularly visceral obesity, increases the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) progression. However, the mechanism of this remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that the visceral periprostatic fat (PPF) from obese PCa patients stimulates progression as compared to subcutaneous fat (SQF) or PPF from lean patients. Methods: PPF and SQF were collected from PCa patients. MTT assays were performed on endothelial and PC-3 PCa cells to test proliferative activity in explant culture tissue conditioned media (CM). Angiogenesis was evaluated ex vivo using MR to generate T2 relaxation times from a series of T2-weighted spin-echo images (Bruker 14.1 T imager). Results: PPF CM from an obese patient increased endothelial cell proliferation ∼5 times that of PPF CM from a lean patient (P Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1499. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1499


Objectives To explore the expression and the clinic significance of P 16 mRNA and its products in gastric carcinoma,adjacent tissue of tumer and normal mucosa.Methods By in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry P 16 mRNA and its protein expression in 33 cases of gastric carcinoma,17 cases of adjacent tissue and 13 normal gastric mucosa were measured.Results The positive expression rate of P 16 mRNA and its protein in gastric carcinoma were higher than that of normal gastric mucosa(P0.05).The positive cell density of gastric carcinoma with lymphatic metastasis was apparently higher than that of nonlymphatic metastasis(P0.05).There was no statistical significance between both the P 16 mRNA Aand its protein and the other pathological features of gastric carcinoma,but both expressions in different gastric tissues had positive correlation.Conclusions Abnormal P 16 gene might take part in development and progress of gastric carcinoma and make promote the metastasis of gastric carcinoma,and it acts as a reference parameter in prognosis of gastric carcinoma.


Moving fronts and pulses appear in many engineering applications like flame propagation and a falling liquid film. Standard computation methods are inappropriate since the problem is defined over an infinite domain and a steady-state solution exists only for a certain front velocity. This work presents a transformation that converts the original problem into a boundary-value problem within a finite domain, in a way that preserves the behavior at the boundaries. Good low-order approximations can be obtained as demonstrated by two examples. In another approach, a central element of adjustable length is incorporated into a three-element structure where the edge-elements obey known asymptotic solutions. That yields multiplicity of travelling fronts in an infinite domain but it successfully approximates standing wave solutions in a finite domain. The approximate solutions are shown to obey the qualitative features known for the exact solutions, like asymptotic solutions or the bifurcation set–the boundary where a new solution emerges or disappears.


A very brief account is given of the history of bootstrap methods in statistics, including early contributions made by Mahalanobis, Quenouille, Tukey, Barnard and Hartigan as well as Efron. The definition of bootstrap methods is addressed.<<ETX>>


A total of 65 Yankasa, 23 Uda and 16 Balami ewes were mated to 4 Yankasa, 3
 Uda and 3 Balami rams in a diallel breeding pattern to produce 192 lambs
 within 9 genotypes, which were used to study survivability of lambs in
 relation to their dam's haemoglobin variants. Blood samples (5ml) were
 collected from 104 ewes and 10 rams through jugular venepuncture.
 Electrophoresis was carried out in a Shandon electrophoresis tank on
 cellulose acetate strips. Each of the 9 lamb genotypes had very high
 proportion of HbAB. The dam's haemoglobin type BB (HbBB) were only found in
 YK X YK, UD X UD, YK X UD, BL X YK and BL X UD lambs at birth and 90-Day.
 Survivability of lamb that were given birth to by dams with haemoglobin type
 (HbAB) is highest in the studied populations from birth to 360-Day. Lambs
 with Hbshould be selected for improved survivability of sheep in Northern
 Nigeria.


This paper provides a model of natural resource exploration, where the sole motivation to explore arises from a strategic incentive to preempt competitors. It is assumed that private ownership rights over a finite unexplored and commonly held resource stock can be established through a costly deterministic exploration process. The open-loop and the feedback Nash equilibrium is analysed. It is shown that in between intervals of soaring exploratory activities there may be an interval where exploration is declining over time.


present with a small left basal pulmon- ary infarction. of venous congestion in all other organs. This old lady's survival to the age of 81 years with such a degree of structural damage must certainly be most remarkable."


Methane fermentation process for utilization of organic waste Biogas is a renewable and sustainable energy carrier generated via anaerobic digestion of biomass. This fuel is derived from various biomass resources and depending on its origin it contains methane (40-75%), carbon dioxide (20-45%) and some other compounds. The aim of this paper is to present the current knowledge and prospects of using the methane fermentation process to dispose of various types of organic wastes as well as conditions and factors affecting the methane fermentation process.


FRANCIS Galton (1822–1911) genuinely disagreed with his cousin Charles Darwin concerning the mechanism of evolutionary change (see [Crow 1993][1]; [Maynard-Smith 1993][2]; [Gillham 2001][3]). He felt that the small, incremental steps by which natural selection supposedly proceeded would be


Illegal abortion has a really long history in the world and we can find its traces in ancient lands such as Egypt and Iran. People use different ways and methods to end the pregnancy and abort the baby and there always have been different reasons for women committing this. In developing countries reasons such as poverty is the most common reason for women aborting their babies and in countries that follows religious rules such as virginity before marriage, avoiding punishments and reproaches of the society are the most common reasons for women to end the pregnancy and to get rid of future touch difficulties. There are really wide and different reasons for those who want to end their pregnancy and these reasons are different from one society to another. In the current paper we aimed to talk about most common reasons which make Iranian women to terminate the pregnancy. We also tried to have a general and short review on those reasons and give the best and easiest solutions to decrease illegal abortion rate in the country.


The fully thermally coupled system of distillation columns for ternary separation has two, two-way connections between the columns. New, simplified (and easier to control) systems of columns for ternary separations, with a reduced number of connecting streams, are proposed. The new systems contain one one-way and one two-way connection between the columns. Depending on which connection is located on top and which phase stream (liquid or vapor) is used in the one-way connection, there are four possible configurations for these new systems. For certain feed compositions and relative volatilities of components, these new systems can replace the fully thermally coupled system of columns without any increase in energy demand. The optimum system selected from the four proposed configurations consumes no more, and frequently much less, energy than the side stripper or side rectifier configurations or than a system with a prefractionator.


This study was designed to investigate some of the variables that characterize students who have achieved success in science. One hundred forty-six winners of the 1983 Westinghouse Science Talent Search completed a questionnaire exploring the subjects' views on the role of the scientist in society, images of self as scientist, personal motivations for conducting scientific research, qualities admired in scientific heroes or heroines, and how often teachers discussed interactions of science and society. Chi square and ANOVA analyses were employed with each of two independent variables: gender and area of science. Female subjects reported more concern with social impacts of scientific research, less variability in their self-image as a scientist, and a tendency to attribute success to hard work and dedication rather than intelligence or creativity than did male subjects. Over all, subjects identified curiosity as the primary impetus for research and indicated a moderate amount of exposure to scientific controversy in the secondary science classroom.


Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma(EAML).Method:A case of renal EAML was analyzed by clinicopathological examination and immunohistochemistry.The related literature was reviewed and the histologic features of renal EAML and the clinical biologic behavior were discussed.Result:Unenhanced CT showed that slightly hyperdense lump with clear boundary and no fat could be detected.The mass was enhanced obviously in the parenchymal phase and slightly decreased in excretory phase.Pathological examination showed that tumor was mainly composed of epithelioid cells with invasive hyperplasia of atypical pleomorphism,hyperchromatic nuclei with frequent mitosis,multinucleated giant cells.Immunohistochemically,the neoplastic cells were positive for HMB45and SMA,but negative for CK.Conclusion:Medical history and physical examination combined with iconographic data can provide us important clues to the diagnosis.Pathological characteristics combined with immunohistochemistry are critical in the final diagnosis.Surgical resection should be the first choice.Long-term followup plan should be carried out for some patients with poor prognosis according to the renal cell carcinoma standard guidelines.


Several studies have showed a substantial risk of death in patients with MINOCA. However, little is still known about the causes of death in these patients compared to patients with MI with significant coronary lesions. On the other hand, using statins treatment in MINOCA has demonstrated to have prognosis benefit in a recent observational. In this study, we aim to describe the previous aspects in a contemporary cohort of patients with AMI.

 We analyzed retrospective data from 4,499 consecutive patients discharged with a confirmed diagnosis of AMI from January/2010 to December/2016. Patients with coronary lesions <50% were classified as MINOCA. Patients with Tako-Tsubo syndrome were excluded. The time to death in patients with MINOCA vs MI-OCA was analyzed and the causes of death (CV death and non-CV death) were compared. When the cause of death was unknown, it was classified as unknown. The log-rank test was used to find differences in death rate between both groups. The effect of statin treatment was tested.

 643 patients (14.3%) were diagnosed with MINOCA. The prevalence of women was higher among patients with MINOCA (42.8% vs. 22.6%, p<0.01). The MINOCA were older (69±13 years vs. 66±13 years, p<0.01) with a higher prevalence of hypertension (70.85% vs. 65.3%, p=0.007), previous stroke (10.65 vs. 7.0%; p=0.001), COPD (14.0% vs. 9.95, p=0.002) and cancer history (9.2% vs. 7.6%, p=0.16). In contrast, the MINOCA patients had a lower prevalence of active smoking (19.9% vs. 35%, p<0.01), DM (33.0 vs. 29.4%, p=0.07), dyslipidemia (65.8% vs. 66.3%, p=0.81) and peripheral arteriography (7.3% vs. 8.3%, p=0.41). STEMI was the most frequent form of hospital presentation in the MINOCA cohort (41.95% vs. 19.1%). LVEF was higher in the MINOCA cohort (55% ± 11% vs. 52% ± 10%, p=0.006).
 At discharge, 86.5% of MINOCAs were treated with statin vs. 86.5% in MI-OCA. The statins prescribed at discharge were of higher potency at 78.2% in MINOCA vs. 88.1% in MI-OCA, moderate potency in 16.1% vs 9.5%, and lower potency in 5.7% vs. 2.4%, respectively (p=0.001).
 During a median follow-up of 15 months (IQR: 12.6–26.0 months), there were 383 deaths (8.5%), of which 314 occurred in the MI-OCA cohort (8.2%) and 69 occurred in MINOCA cohort (11.1%); p=0.001.
 47.8% (n=33/69) were deaths of CV origin in the MINOCA group vs. 48.1% (n=151/314) in the MI-OCA group (p=0.61). The cause of death could not be determined in 6 patients (8.7%) with MINOCA and in 46 (14.7%) with MI-OCA (p=0.19).
 No benefit of the statin treatment of any potency was observed in MINOCA (HR=0.8 [95% CI: 0.4–1.6]) whether there was benefit in MI-OCA group (HR=0.7 [95% CI 0.5–0.98]).

 There is a considerable difference in the comorbidities between MINOCA and MI-OCA, but a similar rate of death of CV origin in the medium term. The lack of benefit of statin treatment has to be confirmed in other larger studies.


This study examined the psychosocial risk factors influencing the use and abuse of drugs among adolescents of abused parents from selected households in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey, using 281 adolescents randomly selected from selected households in five local government areas of Ibadan Metropolis. The two instruments used were author-constructed questionnaires with 0.78 and 0.74 reliability coefficients respectively. The data obtained were analysed using chi-square (X2) analysis. Results obtained from this study showed that there are significant relationships between psychological risk factors (X2 = 121.5, df = 8, P <.05), social risk factors (X2 = 40.7, df = 6, P <.05) and the use and abuse of drugs among adolescents of abused parents. Based on these findings, it was recommended that: Mental health centres and social agencies are established exclusively for drug abusers, where they may offer short or long term therapy, or offer group sessions for counselling the drug abusers.


ABSTRACT:In recent years, scholars have drawn attention to the participation of Asian and Asian diasporic laborers in American Cold War–era projects of war-making throughout Southeast Asia. However, those dimensions of wartime logistics work that were undertaken primarily by Southeast Asian women, including cooking, cleaning, and entertaining, remain understudied. In this essay, we reflect on the gendered forms of reproductive labor that sustained and also unsettled US imperial life overseas, which we suggest can be glimpsed in the personal photographic archives of American military personnel stationed in Southeast Asia during the second Vietnam War. Focusing on the photographs of Benedicto Kayampat Villaverde, a second-generation Pinoy medic from Hawai'i, we foreground the centrality of intimacy and care work to imperial projects of war-making, as well as to the projects of survival, solidarity, and resistance that sprung up in their wake.


Abstract I present a brief review of the stellar population properties of massive galaxies, focusing on early-type galaxies in particular, with emphasis on recent results from the ATLAS3D Survey. I discuss the occurence of young stellar ages, cold gas, and ongoing star formation in early-type galaxies, the presence of which gives important clues to the evolutionary path of these galaxies. Consideration of empirical star formation histories gives a meaningful picture of galaxy stellar population properties, and allows accurate comparison of mass estimates from populations and dynamics. This has recently provided strong evidence of a non-universal IMF, as supported by other recent evidences. Spatially-resolved studies of stellar populations are also crucial to connect distinct components within galaxies to spatial structures seen in other wavelengths or parameters. Stellar populations in the faint outer envelopes of early-type galaxies are a formidable frontier for observers, but promise to put constraints on the ratio of accreted stellar mass versus that formed 'in situ' - a key feature of recent galaxy formation models. Galaxy environment appears to play a key role in controlling the stellar population properties of low mass galaxies. Simulations remind us, however, that current day galaxies are the product of a complex assembly and environment history, which gives rise to the trends we see. This has strong implications for our interpretation of environmental trends.


A novel and simple method is proposed to select the physics solution in the decays of Y (4230) → ηJ/ψ and Y (4230) → η′J/ψ, where multiple solutions have been reported in the experimental measurements. Based on an η-η′ mixing analysis, a unique solution is determined for the decay of Y (4230) → η′J/ψ. But no conclusion can be drawn for Y (4230) → ηJ/ψ yet due to the large uncertainties in experimental results. It turns out reducing the uncertainty of the η-η′ mixing angle is crucial for solving this problem, and will provide indication on whether Y (4230) contains substantial ss̄ quark component or not.


We examine the effect of the magnetic frustration J' on the single-hole spectral function in the t-t'-t''-J model. At zero temperature, the exact diagonalization (ED) and the self-consistent Born approximation (SCBA) methods are used. We find that the frustration suppresses the quasiparticle (QP) weight at small momentum k, whereas the QP peak at k=(pi/2,pi/2) remains sharp. We also show the temperature dependence of the single-hole spectral function by using the ED method. It is found that the lineshapes at (pi/2,0) and (pi/2,pi/2) show different temperature dependence. These findings are consistent with the angle-resolved photoemission data on Sr2CuO2Cl2, and indicate the importance of the magnetic frustration on the electronic states of the insulating cuprates.


A 65-year-old female was admitted because of an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray taken for routine lung cancer screening. There was a coin lesion approximately 2.0 cm in diameter in the right S8, Lung cancer was suspected, and thoracotomy and wedge resection were performed to confirm the diagnosis. On histological examination, dirofilaria worms were found in the necrotic mass, and pulmonary dirofilariasis was diagnosed.Although pulmonary dirofilariasis is rare, when an abnormal shadow appears in an X-Ray taken for lung cancer screening the possibility of this desease should be considered.


A blend of piperazine (PZ), N-methylpiperazine (MPZ) and N,N'-dimethylpiperazine (DMPZ) is described as a novel CO2 capture solvent for aqueous absorption-stripping. This blend provides improved solid solubility and heat of absorption compared to concentrated PZ. No insolubility was observed for regions of high CO2 loading, unlike PZ solvents. The blend performed like concentrated PZ in terms of CO2 capacity and CO2 absorption rate, both of which were more than double that of a traditional 7 molal (30 wt%) MonoEthanolAmine (MEA). Thermal equilibrium was established between the three constituent amines that increases the thermal stability compared to traditional blended solvents. The primary drawback of this novel solvent system is enhanced amine volatility at absorber conditions compared with both concentrated PZ and MEA.


Chapter 1: Blackness and Africanity in Brazil and Elsewhere Chapter 2: West African Cultural Brokers in Northeast Brazil Chapter 3: Manifestations of Afro-Brazilian Blackness Chapter 4: Blackness in the Bahian Sertao Chapter 5: Conclusions Notes Bibliography


Factor analysis is suitable for the conditions of complex correlation, large sample size, many influencing factors, and many selected indicators; able to conduct research on a variety of subjects; and can better apply multivariate statistical methods to the evaluation of financial performance. Among other common methods of evaluating financial performance, factor analysis methods can reduce dimensionality and simplify data basically design weights. Factor analysis can reduce the dimensionality of data even with large sample sizes. It avoids a lot of complicated calculations, reduces the difficulty of calculation, and solves the problem of overlapping factor information, reflecting the advantages of multivariate statistics. Based on the factor analysis method, this study analyzes the quality analysis and key factors in Japan's economic growth: (1) integrity principle residents' financial risk is composed of multiple factors, not only unilateral factors but also the following factors: determine the influencing factors, select indicators, and identify risks and potential hazards. Financial risk itself is comprehensive, and the assessment of risk arising from a single factor is less important. (2) The requirements for the selected financial indicators are that the unit and order of magnitude should not only be accurate but also consistent, the financial information reflected by the selected financial indicators should be direct and clear, and financial data should be obtained in multiple ways, through annual reports and the Internet, to collect financial data. The analysis of financial performance based on scientific principles can show the current operating conditions, so the selection of financial indicators must be true, effective, and objective, so as to correctly reflect the real situation, and it is beneficial to combine the analysis results and carry out the following steps. (3) Financial risks may arise in the process of financing or in the process of investment. Financial risk in a broad sense is more in line with the characteristics of risk, and it arises in every link related to financial activities. The analysis is carried out in terms of financial risk in a broad sense. It can be seen that the economic quality scores were higher in 2011 and 2017. (4) Use several representative factors to replace the original variables for analysis, and explain the problems existing in the Japanese economy according to the results. The results show that the key factors of economic growth include gross national product, inflation, employment rate, and the balance of payments.


Problem Statement: The understanding of adolescents' dating anxiety is important for the clinical and developmental process. Several studies indicate that dating anxiety is related to social skills, depression, loneliness, substance abuse, and marital anxiety. The studies using cognitivebehavioral techniques have been quite successful for individuals with dating or social anxiety. Purpose of Study: The study was conducted in two discrete parts. The aim of the first study was to develop a dating-anxiety inventory for adolescents, and the aim of the second study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group counseling in decreasing the level of dating anxiety in adolescents. Methods: Four hundred and forty adolescents were selected randomly from students in their first to third year of high school. The students were evaluated using the Dating Anxiety Inventory-Adolescent Form (DAI-A) and Shyness Scale. For the phase of group counseling, twenty adolescents with dating anxiety determined by the DAI-A were randomly assigned to experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. In the data analysis of scale development, the Pearson correlation coefficient, principal component factor analysis, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistencies were applied by using the SPSS. The Mann-Whitney U Test and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test were used to determine whether there were any differences between the measures of the pre- or post-test scores for members on the experimental and control groups. Findings and Results: Factor analysis with varimax rotation was conducted on the item responses of the inventory. Three factors, the eigenvalues of which are greater than 1.00, accounting for 50.26% of the total variance, were chosen. For the concurrent validity, the correlations were computed


The synthesis of such a biosurfactant in aerated and stirred tank bioreactors entails a serious foam overflow risk leading to an unknown loss of biomass. Indeed, the increasing foaming capacity of the culture broth due to the synthesis of biosurfactant causes an overflow, out of the bioreactor, of the culture medium and of the cells. This loss prevents the specific growth rate (μ) calculation which is a fundamental physiological variable, particularly for what concerns the study of the specific productivity (qP).


In this paper, an early-warning system and indexes of power supply risk based on reliability analysis is presented and designed. According to monitor indexes of power supply risk, it reflects the operating situation of the power grid comprehensively, and predicts, warns and makes suitable risk decision. It will raise the level of risk management , and ensure the power system running safely and steady and economic.


It has been claimed that bisphenol A (BPA) induces superfeminization in the freshwater gastropod, Marisa cornuarietis . To explore the reproducibility of prior work, here we present results from a three-laboratory study, the objectives of which were to determine the mean and variability in test endpoints (i.e., adult fecundity, egg hatchability, and juvenile growth) under baseline conditions and to identify the sources of variability. A major source of variability for all of the measured endpoints was due to differences within and among individuals. With few exceptions, variability among laboratories and among replicate tanks within laboratories contributed little to the observed variability in endpoints. The results highlight the importance of obtaining basic knowledge of husbandry requirements and baseline information on life-history traits of potential test species prior to designing toxicity test protocols. Understanding of the levels and sources of endpoint variability is essential so that statistically robust and ecologically relevant tests of chemicals can be conducted.


Modern flexible and technological methods for synthesis of promise luminescent materials in the form of nano- and ultrafine powders, ceramics, and glass ceramics with effective up- and down conversion luminescence are proposed. The use of compounds of various compositions and combinations of activator ions in them ensures the effective conversion of IR and UV radiation into the visible region of the spectrum. Using various approaches to the synthesis and their combinations allows you to widely vary the structure and properties of the materials. The proposed materials are promising as visualizers of infrared radiation, multi-color phosphors, and conversion-luminescent laser materials.


In the highlands of southern Costa Rica, one of the commonest native plants of second-growth areas is Centropogon vu&i Standl. ( Lobeliaceae), a perennial shrub with orange-red tubular flowers (Wilbur 1972). Although some flowers are produced by C. vu&i in all months of the year, in the dry season (December through March) a single plant may have over a hundred open flowers on a continual basis. During this flowering peak, most large clumps of C. vale&i are pollinated primarily by the Green Violet-ear ( Co&i thalussinus cubunidis) (Trochilidae). This hummingbird is an altitudinal migrant, spending the rest of the year at lower elevations (Skutch 1967; Slud 1965; see also Wagner 1945; Wolf and Stiles 1970). In the highlands, the male violet-ear often sets up a territory around patches of C. u&r%, which he defends vigorously against others of his own species, as well as hummingbirds of other species (Colwell 1973; Wolf 1969; Wolf and Stiles 1970). In what must be among the earliest descriptions of territoriality in hummingbirds, Boucard (1878) said of this species: "They take possession of a certain space containing several of these shrubs [very likely Centropogonl; and when not feeding on these flowers, they perch on a dry branch near the place, and fight all the other Humming-birds that dare to intrude." Besides other hummingbirds, the Green Violet-ear has two additional potential competitors for the nectar of C. vuletii, both of them nonpollinating nectar thieves. The Slaty Flower-piercer (Diglossu plumbea) ("Coerebidae") punctures the base of the corolla with its lower mandible and extracts nectar with its tongue, often while perching on the pedicel (in C.


The National Geographic Society, the Association of American Geographers, the American Geographical Society, and the National Council for Geographic Education partnered to outline a "road map" for long-term strategies to improve K–12 geography education. The partner organizations assembled three committees to create synthesis reports, each of which examined and made recommendations for an area of geography education that is critical to improvement. These areas include education research, assessment, and instructional materials and professional development. The recommendations for each report revolve around advancing a common goal; presenting an approach to geography education that balances "knowing geography" with "doing geography."


Graphene bilayer systems are known to exhibit a band gap when the layer symmetry is broken, which can be achieved by applying a perpendicular electric field, thereby inducing opposite onsite potentials in the top and bottom layers.[1] The resulting band structure resembles that of a conventional semiconductor with a parabolic dispersion, where the band gap scales approximately linear with the applied field. Unfortunately, like other gapped graphene systems, the linear dispersion of single layer graphene is usually lost, as in the bilayer system. The implication of the parabolic dispersion is a lower mobility and thus degraded device performance.[2] To overcome this, we propose using heterogeneous multilayered structures.


During an outbreak of the lerp-forming insect Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) on River Red Gums Eucalyptus camaldulensis near Adelaide, South Australia, Purple Swamphens Porphyrio porphyrio and Dusky Moorhens Gallinula tenebrosa climbed trees to feed on lerps. The Swamphens climbed up to 8 m above groundor water-level, the Moorhens up to 4 m. The Swamphens usually obtained lerps in situ by pecking or by drawing leaves through the bill. Sometimes an individual detached a branch and flew with it to the ground to feed there. The Moorhens took lerps only by pecking in situ.


We present a specially designed optical cell made of quartz preparing submicrometer-size films of liquid semiconductors. Using our technique, liquid film with the thickness of 0.3 μm could be produced. We applied the technique to the laser excited transient absorption measurement for liquid sulfur and the transient direct-current (dc) conductivity measurement for liquid selenium. It was found from the transient absorption measurement for liquid sulfur that the photoinduced polymerization occurs in liquid sulfur. The result of the transient dc conductivity measurement for liquid selenium indicated a possibility of the photoinduced semiconductor-metal transition in liquid selenium.


disease; the recurrence rate in these patients was 75%, and in confirmed stage IA tumors the relapse rate may be lower than the reported 48%. Moreover, as suggested in the article by Billmire et al, COG criteria for surgical staging could lead to understaging in patients with greater than stage I disease. Two patients experienced relapse within 1 month (probably, the disease had already spread at the time of diagnosis), three patients experienced a retroperitoneal recurrence, and lymphnodal relapse was found in 37% of patients with a detected mass, indicating a possible predilection for lymphatic spread. The authors emphasized that although it could be argued that a more systematic surgical approach would have detected occult disease, the salvage rate with chemotherapy would be eventually equivalent.Wesuggestthatsurgicalorradiologicstagingmaybeusefulto identify patients who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, given that, at present, we cannot rule out the possibility that postponing chemotherapy in disease with an occult stage greater than 1A may worsen the prognosis. Given the dearth of high-quality prospective trials on rare tumors,Billmireetal 1 shouldbecongratulatedfortheirstudy.However,


Using the brick wall regularization of 't Hooft, the entropy of non-extreme and extreme black holes is investigated in a general static, spherically symmetric spacetime. We classify the singularity in the entropy by introducing a new index δ with respect to the brick wall cut-off ǫ . The leading contribution to entropy for non-extreme case ( δ 6 = 0) is shown to satisfy the area law with quadratic divergence with respect to the invariant cut-off ǫ inv while the extreme case ( δ = 0) exhibits logarithmic divergence or constant value with respect to ǫ . The general formula is applied to Reissner-Nordstr¨om, dilaton and brane-world black holes and we obtain consistent results.


The EMpower scheme aims to give environmental and earth science masters students who would not necessarily consider employment in the industry exposure to the nuclear sector through research project placements and other activities such as lecture days, visits and networking opportunities. It brings together students, academics, the nuclear industry and environmental agencies through its activities. The initiative is supported by the nuclear regulator, the environment agency and key players in the UK nuclear industry.


Two methods including indirect ELISA and competitive ELISA were developed to rapidly detect a pathogen of Edwardsiella ictaluri in the early stage.A monoclonal antibody 5D11 was used as the detection antibody.In indirect ELISA when antigen was coaed at 37℃ overnight,the plate had good adsorption effect on bacteria.The optimal dilution of mAb and AP-goat-anti-mouse IgG were 1 ∶ 80 and 1 ∶ 1 000,respectively.The lowest concentration of E.ictaluri that could be detected was 5×106 cells/mL.Cross-reactivity test proved that the method had strong specificity.In competitive ELISA,the optimum working combination of coating antigen-mAb was 5×108~1 ∶ 80.The proportion of mAb and competitive antigen was 3 ∶ 7.A standard curve with R2=0.990 1 was established.This method had strong specificity,and the detection limit was 106 cells/mL.This method can qualitatively and quantitatively detect E.ictaluri within limits,which makes up the deficiency of indirect ELISA.


Objective:To report cardiac venacava electro-isolated during atrial fibrillation of two patients guided by Lasso ring-designed electrode catheter. Method:Two patients were suffered from paroxysmal and sustained atrial fibrillation respectively according to the clinical symptoms and ECG recording. Two multiple eletrode catheters were placed in the right ventricle and coronary sinus for mapping and stimulation. Two decapolar Lasso ring-designed electrode catheter were positioned into the venacava for mapping after atrial transseptal puncture and angi-ography of venacava were performed. The target venacava was that where the earliest activity was appeared at the onset of atrial fibrillation or the most irregular activity was recorded during atrial fibrillation. Radiofrequency energy was delivered at the junctions of the target venacava and left atrium during atrial fibrillation. The end point of procedure was the termination of atrial fibrillation and disappearance of focal activity from venacava. Results: There were seven venacavas ablated in two patients. The atrial fibrillation of one patient was ended by ablating left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) .superior vena cava (SVC) and right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV). Another was ended by synchronous cardioversion after ablating left atrium isthmus, tricuspid valve, inferior vena cava isthmus, SVC, RSPV, LSPV and R1PV. The results during follow-up of one year were no recurrence of atrial fibrillation and no complications according to the atrial fibrillation. Conclusion: It's feasible for using lasso catheter to successfully treat atrial fibrillation by electro-isolating cardiac venacava.


As is known to all, fostering the students' ability to use the language in real situations mainly depends on the teaching and learning method. In traditional language classrooms, students are taught chiefly about language and its rules. They learn facts about language rather than how to use it communicatively to express ideas and read real language. In order to reform traditional teaching approaches, the author tries to combine cooperative learning with the teaching of English reading and speaking for the purpose of confirming that cooperative learning is more effective in teaching English in Colleges.


Single drive and multi-cam mechanism is universally applied in mechatronical equipment.The multi-cam can alternate from a single movement to a complicated movement.In order to realize the complex movement with definite logic relations,the sequence of multi-cam should be successfully analyzed.This paper, with the cam curve atlas analysis method,realizes the sequence analysis of the single drive and multi-cam mechanism.It is a useful method of designing the complex mechanism.


In this paper, a novel high-gain multi-layer antenna is designed for use in terahertz communication systems. The frequency range covered by this antenna is 8-13 THz. To improve the antenna's gain, a proposed rectangular metasurface structure environment has been used. To strengthen and connect the layers, several plastic bases have been used, which do not have a destructive effect on the antenna's radiation pattern. The use of the proposed rectangular metasurface structure medium has increased the gain by more than 10.5 dB compared to the conventional antenna. The maximum gain is 14.7 dB at 12 THz. The final dimensions of this antenna are 24 × 28 × 21.6 mm 3 at 12 THz.


BACKGROUND
Cancer is one of the most serious diseases that threatening human health with high morbidity and mortality in the world. For the treatment of cancer, chemotherapy is one of the most widely used strategies, which is widely used for almost all kinds of tumors and diverse stages of tumor development. The efficacy of chemotherapy not only depends on the activity of the drug administrated, but also on whether the compound could reach the effective therapeutic concentration in tumor cells. Therefore, expression and activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in tumor tissues and metabolic organs of cancer patients is important for dispositional behavior of anticancer drugs as well as the clinical response of chemotherapy.

METHOD
This review summarizes the recent advancement on the DMEs expression and activity in various cancers, as well as the potential regulatory mechanisms of major DMEs in cancer and cancer therapy.

RESULTS
Compared to normal tissues, expression and activity of major DMEs are significantly dysregulated in patients by various factors including epigenetic modification, ligand-activated transcriptional regulation, signaling pathways. Additionally, DMEs play an important role in anticancer drug efficacy, chemoresistance as well as the activation of prodrugs.

CONCLUSION
This review reinforces a more comprehensive understanding of DMEs in cancer and cancer therapy, and provides more opportunities for cancer therapy.


The NEW GIFT Nile tilapia is a national certificated new strain produced through 14 years and 9 generations selection from the base strain of GIFT Nile tilapia. From NEW GIFT Nile tilapia two strain-specific RAPD bands namely S304 and S36 were identified from the amplified bands of 50 and 80 10bp-oligo-nucleotide random primers separately after gel extraction cloning and sequencing of the strain-specific RAPD bands two pairs of primer(20 base for forward primer and 21 base for reverse primer) was designed according to sequence information, then PCR amplification was carried out in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia and base strains and other 7 farmed strains. For the first primer, one 553bp SCAR was amplified showed a 86.7% appearing frequency in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia but only 17% in base strain. This marker has been used as a specific monitor marker for tracking of selection. For the second primer, one 558bp SCAR was amplified showed a 91.4% appearing frequency in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia and 0-70% in other 7 strains. This marker has been used as a specific molecular marker for identification of Nile tilapia strains. The development of these two markers indicated that the frequency of some alleles related with economically important traits might increase during selection.


Background: Although uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) has been treated with adriamycin, dacarbazine, ifosfamide, gemcitabine, docetaxel, et al, the effect is not satisfactory. We have reported the effect of temozolomide (T) combined with bevacizumab (B) in heavily pretreated relapsed ULMS. In this study, we evaluated the effects of addition of cabozantinib (C) to T and B. Methods: From 2009 to 2015, total 18 patients (pts) with heavily pretreated relapsed ULMS were enrolled. They were treated with T (80mg/body/day) and B (2mg/kg; days 1, 8 and 15, q4 weeks). Since 2013, we expected better efficacy, nine pts out of 18 pts were treated by adding C (140mg/body/week) which is a c-MET inhibitor (TB, n = 9, CTB, n = 9). Treatment was continued until disease progression and/or unmanageable toxicities. The response and adverse events were evaluated using the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST), and common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) version 3.0. Results: As shown in Table, three (18%) of 17 pts had complete response (CR), two (12%) had partial response (PR) and eight (47%) had stable disease (SD) for at least three months. The response rate (RR; CR+PR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR; CR+PR+SD>3mo) were 29% and 76%, respectively. The median progression-free survival was 9.6 (3 - 58) months. When compared CTB with TB, CBR was better in CTB (87.5% vs 67%), but the median administration cycles and progression free interval were not improved. Two peritoneal perforation were observed in CTB. Conclusions: Not only TB but also CTB showed remarkable effect in heavily pretreated relapsed ULMS. These results warrant further prospective and randomized studies.
 Citation Format: Sayaka Ikeda, Kazuya Kudoh, Naoki Sasaki, Masashi Takano, Tomoko Goto, Ryoko Kikuchi, Tsunekazu Kita, Masaru Sakamoto, Nobuyuki Susumu, Daisuke Aoki, Hiroko Kouta, Yoshihiro Kikuchi. The effect of cabozantinib to temozolomide and bevacizumab in patients with heavily pretreated relapsed uterine leiomyosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-226.


Objective: To investigate variety of morphological parameters in the middle and late stage of invasive breast carcinoma. Methods: Stereologic method was applied in analyzing 16 morphological parameters of the mitochondrion and the lysosome in the carcinoma cells. Results: Compared with those of normal cell, the specific surface and numerical density of the mitochondrion and the lysosome in the mid and late stage were decreased. Conclusions: Our study presented that in mid and late stage of the carcinoma the morphological structure of the mitochondrion and lysosome were marked varied. The function of the mitochondrion and the lysosome obviously decreased. All these results mentioned above may lay a foundation for further quantitative study on the ultrastructure of invasive breast carcinoma at various stages.


Abstract We only have little information on expression of gonadotropin (GTH) subunit genes during spawning migration in salmonids. Changes in the levels of mRNAs for GTH subunits (GTH α2, Iβ and IIβ) were therefore analyzed in the pituitaries of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) during the final stages of spawning migration to the Ishikari river. The fish were caught at Atsuta, a fisherman's village facing the Ishikari bay, and at Chitose, a tributary of the Ishikari river, in 1993 and 1994. The former is referred to as seawater (SW) fish, and the latter as freshwater (FW) fish. The levels of GTH subunit mRNAs in the pituitaries were determined by a quantitative dot blot analysis, using single-stranded sense DNA as the standard. The sense DNAs have the same nucleic acid sequences of mRNAs. The level of GTH α2 mRNA in the FW males was higher than that in the SW ones. Similar tendency was seen in the females. No significant changes were observed in the levels of GTH Iβ mRNA in both the males and females. Whereas, the level of GTH IIβ mRNA in the FW fish was higher than that in the SW fish regardless of sexes in 1994. Although not statistically significant in the males, similar tendency was seen in the 1993 fish. The present study thus showed that the level of GTH IIβ mRNA was increased concomitantly with that of GTH a2 mRNA during the final stages of spawning migration.


Detailed topographic mapping of the Ras Issaran area along the west bank of the Gulf of Suez reveals Quaternary faulting along preexisting trends, cross-fault reversals, and tectonically controlled sedimentation. The neotectonic fault systems of the region were identified and mapped by altimetry of selected bedrock units and Quaternary gravel surfaces. Tectonic activity in the Ras Issaran area is dominated by movement occurring on two major sets of normal faults. The primary set consists of NW-trending, gulf-parallel faults which define major horst and basin systems. Breaking these are roughly NE-trending cross-faults. Relative dissection and weathering of the relict gravel surfaces indicate the most recent uplift of the area occurred sequentially from northwest to southwest in three major segments. As uplift shifted along structure, motion on intervening cross-faults reversed. Bed-rock facies changes indicate gulf-parallel faulting has continued from the Miocene along preexisting trends to the present day. Local fault-associated arching also influenced deposition, resulting in thickening Pliocene clastic fill off the crest of the uplift. In the adjacent basins, ongoing sedimentation encouraged growth faulting. In general, the NE-SE cross-faults did not influence sedimentation to the same extent as the gulf-parallel fault system. Detailed mapping of the neotectonic fault system indicates a continuationmore » of past structural movement through the Quaternary. As oil concentrations are intimately related to local structures in the Gulf of Suez, detailed knowledge of Quaternary fault movements combined with seismic interpretation, can significantly aid in understanding the sedimentology and structural features of potential oil reservoirs.« less


In this paper, we describe a methodology for capturing player experience while interacting with a game and we present a data-driven approach for modeling this interaction. We believe the best way to adapt games to a specific player is to use quantitative models of player experience derived from the in-game interaction. Therefore, we rely on crowd-sourced data collected about game context, players behavior and players self-reports of different affective states. Based on this information, we construct estimators of player experience using neuroevolutionary preference learning. We present the experimental setup and the results obtained from a recent case study where accurate estimators were constructed based on information collected from players playing a firstperson shooter game. The framework presented is part of a bigger picture where the generated models are utilized to tailor content generation to particular player's needs and playing characteristics.


A nickname is an essential element of the modem onomastic system. Its main functions are identification, self-identification, selfpresentation and self-nomination of the Internet user. The last function also acts as a basic feature of the nickname. With the help of a nickname the self-nomination function is actualized in Internet communication in a variety of ways. The analysis of 4000 nicknames and related personal data of the German-speaking users of such Internet services as Twitter, ICQ, Facebook, Flickr, World of Tanks, World of Warcraft showed that every fifth nickname is derived from a "strange" or a precedent proper name. This method of nominal modeling is a nominal transposition a transfer of the name from one denotatum to another one. There are two main ways of nominal transposition. The first one is transanthroponimisation, which is understood as a transfer of the personal or family name from one individual to another. The following anthroponyms are used as nicknames: the names of musicians, athletes, politicians, book and film characters, etc. An essential requirement for transanthroponimisation between two denotata is based on the principle of their similarity and proximity. The second method of the nominal transposition (which is not as widely used as the first one) is transonymisation. It is a transition of the proper noun from one class to another. These self-nominations also have references to real and unreal denotata. Such nicknames are produced from the names of different brands, cars, cities, mythonimic marks, etc. The research has proved that the nominal transposition is a highly demanded type of self-nomination in the Germanspeaking web space. These nicknames have significant illocutionary content and connotations; they also characterize their author directly or indirectly.


Marxism is a fundamental theory to understand the contents and the facts of the history. On one hand, it contains the understanding of the laws of the development of our society; on the other hand, it is also a pursuit of ideal and value.


Fifty years after May 68, spring 2018 in France was marked by mass student protest against the Parcoursup/ORE reform of university entry. After a riot police intervention on campus, Nanterre University was blocked and occupied. It was profoundly affected, both as a community and as a physical site. This linguistic ethnographic study proposes a systematic analysis of more than 500 physical interventions (political graffiti, tags and posters) on the campus during that period, to identify the functions of graffiti as political discourse. The graffiti (1) expressed resistance, reclaimed the university's identity and manifested presence on site; (2) established dialogue with local and national authorities and (3) anchored the movement in a larger web of historical references and sites of political resistance. A striking feature was the complex indexicality of the graffiti. Each item was relevant at multiple scales beyond the here and now, anchoring graffiti in larger networks of relations, which endowed them with political power.


This work aims to reflect on the importance of reading practices and also on the formation of the reader in the perspective of the use of different textual genres as an English teaching tool in high school. It is a bibliographical and field study, which was originated from observations and applications of reading activities in English classes in high school and it is based on the theories of Bakhtin, Kleiman and OCEM, among other authors. Thus, it can be said that reading practices in English language classes through the use of different textual genres promoted reading possibilities resulting from the interaction between reader and text, in a meaningful and dynamic way, seeking to approach them as socio-cultural practices and valuing the previous knowledge of the student.


Like most other cities Minneapolis has been shaped by its transportation. A recently completed plan has come up with a way which might, for an estimated $800 million, contain the auto and give the city back to the people who use it. "Metro Center '85" suggests a ring road circling the central business district, parking garages located near this road, and a central district free from automobiles. This article reviews projects currently under way: updating the parkways; the IDS Center; Cedar Riverside, a new-town-in-town; Loring Greenway to connect with a Nicollet Mall extension; and St. Anthony Falls area rehabilitation. /HRIS/


Changes in the sloughing of corneal epithelial cells over time may help explain the transient nature of solution-induced corneal staining in contact lens wearers, according to one expert.


Undersea ambient noise is a critical parameter in determining the performance of passive sonar systems, and sometimes active systems. There are many properties of the ambient noise that must be considered in a rapid ambient noise field assessment, including mean and percentile levels as a function of frequency, temporal and spatial variation, vertical and horizontal directionality, and depth dependence. In addition, rapid interpretation and extrapolation of the measured and analyzed ambient noise results require a credible onboard ambient noise prediction model and collateral noise model input measurements of oceanographic, acoustic, meteorological, and noise source parameters, e.g., sea and swell height, wind speed, and the positions, speeds, courses, and lengths of near and distant ships. Finally, turnkey data processing programs and time proven analysis procedures must be utilized with onboard graphics and word processing capabilities to generate the assessment document onboard in final form. The metho...


In a famous article written in 1928 when the Left-wing writers of the Sun and Creation Societies were criticising Lu Xun for being behind the times, Qian Xingcun (A Ying) asserted that the age of Ah Q was already past. Fifty years later Chen Baichen's dramatization of Ah Q Zhengzhuan, which was staged in 1981 as part of the Lu Xun centenary celebrations, ends with the narrator declaring that although Ah Q had no women it was not true that he would have no descendants, because his line would continue for generations to come. It is, of course, possible to reconcile these two apparently contradictory statements. Qian Xingcun was referring to the fact that the peasant masses were becoming politically organized, having played an important role in the revolutionary movements of those years. He did not claim that people like Ah Q no longer existed. Chen Baichen, on the other hand, was referring to the Ah Q mentality which still lives on in people's minds, long after Ah Q himself has been executed. He did not see this mentality as the dominant force in society. Nevertheless there have been striking changes of attitude towards Ah Q in recent years. Since the end of the Cultural Revolution it has been generally recognized that the Ah Q mentality is still a force in China which is holding back attempts at modernization and that many other aspects of the Chinese traditional society and culture which Lu Xun criticized in his stories and essays have still not been eradicated 45 years after his death.


OBJECTIVE: To look for the radiological scalpel sign in patients with known intraoperative and histological diagnosis of dorsal thoracic arachnoid web.
BACKGROUND: Scalpel Sign will aid early identification of dorsal thoracic arachnoid web, a rare type of intradural extramedullary thoracic spine disorder
DESIGN/METHODS: We report 3 patients from a tertiary hospital in New Zealand with myelopathy due to dorsal thoracic arachnoid web, the unique radiological features, intraoperative findings and histology.
RESULTS: The radiological "Scalpel sign" was demonstrated in all 3 patients (2 male and 1 female patient, ages of 40-50) with spastic weakness, thoracic spinal sensory level and sphincter disturbances. All patients underwent surgery with radiological improvement and subsequent resolution of symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Dorsal thoracic arachnoid web is a rare but potentially curative form of thoracic myelopathy, which if identified and corrected early appears to result in good functional outcome.
Study Supported by: Nil Disclosure: Dr. Jayabal has nothing to disclose.