Abstract 3155 Background: With improvements in care in the pediatric age group, most patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) live to adulthood. Though life expectancy is increasing, there is evidence that patients experience increasing mortality at the time of transition from pediatric to adult care. As care of adult patients is beyond the scope of pediatrics, transition to adult providers becomes a necessary part of comprehensive care for youths with SCD. When present, transition programs often focus on development of self management skills, improving health literacy, and other life skills beyond simply identifying and transferring to an adult provider. Most studies of pediatric patients with SCD and other chronic illnesses have focused on the concerns of patients prior to transition, but few have examined the experience of patients who have entered adult care. Using semi-structured interviews, our study examined adult SCD patients9 transition experiences and difficulties faced in adult care that may contribute to the increased mortality during this time. Methods: Participants seen at the UAB Sickle Cell Clinic were recruited to participate in a semi-structured interview. To elicit the broadest experiences of adult care, we did not restrict the interviews to young adults, but recruited any interested participant with SCD >18 years old. The interview consisted of open ended questions with additional prompts regarding specific barriers found in the literature. One author (CB) performed all interviews, either in the UAB Sickle Cell Clinic or by telephone. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed, then analyzed in three stages. First, transcripts were reviewed and coded independently by two authors (CB and JL). Second, the authors met to reconcile code definitions and agree on an overall coding scheme, which was based both on a priori themes from previous studies as well as inductive codes noted during analysis. Finally, the authors re-coded the transcripts based on the agreed upon coding scheme and reconciled differences. Results: Interviews were completed with 10 participants aged 24–55 years old. All patients had medical insurance, with 9 on disability. Transition topics discussed included timing of and preparation for transfer, development of independence, feelings about and experiences in pediatric and adult care. We confirmed that adults with SCD experienced many of the concerns noted in previous studies of pre-transition adolescents. Participants experienced distrust from adult physicians, mostly regarding pain. Though all participants feel that as adults, they successfully transitioned to independence in care for their disease, a number of them continue to regularly consult their parents regarding their care and/or live with their parents. Participants confirmed that a number of physicians they encountered were not familiar with sickle cell care and were concerned that the care they received from non-hematologists was inappropriate. None of the participants received formal preparation for transfer, though half were referred directly to an adult hematologist from pediatric care. Participants noted poor coordination of care between primary care physicians and hematologists, and difficulty identifying physicians willing to care for them. Those who had spent time in the work force noted difficulty maintaining employment. Conclusions: We found that concerns expressed by adolescents prior to transition in previous studies were well-founded and experienced in adulthood by a number of participants. Many patients feel poorly treated and have found few adult providers familiar with SCD. Since this study included patients engaged in a specialized sickle cell clinic, selection bias is a limitation. Though skills taught in many transition programs may help to overcome these barriers, systemic changes must also take place to address these external issues reported by patients who have transitioned to adult care. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


the unbanked and underbanked. Much of this interest is thanks to the dramatic rise in the number of mobile phone subscribers in emerging economies, which now exceed the number of bank accounts in most countries. Increased numbers of subscribers, combined with the early success of mobile money in countries like Kenya, are driving interest in mobile money and mobile financial services (MFS) to expand the outreach of financial services. Though the excitement and interest in this sector continues, the past year has seen a shift to a broader use of technology to reach the unbanked. This new area of interest, now referred more broadly as digital financial services (DFS), takes a more comprehensive view of supporting financial inclusion by involving a much broader range of institutions. Among the institutions that have provided and helped shape the new emphasis on DFS to support financial inclusion are the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and a wide range of publicand private-sector members in the Better Than Cash Alliance, which focuses on using electronic funds transfers as well as mobile money to speed the shift to DFS. In this paper, I focus on this broader approach to improving financial inclusion via DFS and share lessons learned from a practitioner in the field point of view.


The field of seismology is entering a new era where our understanding of earthquakes and the solid earth is increasingly driven by new Big Data experiments and algorithms.


The present calculations were performed using all-electron full potential linearized augmented plane wave method based on the density functional theory. We have optimized the structure of the double-cubane single crystal [Sb7S8Br2](AlCl4)3, starting with the x-ray diffraction data Zhang et al., [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 9896 (2009)], by minimization of the forces (1 mRy/au) acting on the atoms, keeping the lattice parameters fixed at the experimental values. Our calculations show that [Sb7S8Br2](AlCl4)3 possesses a wide indirect energy band gap of about 1.6 eV (2.03 eV) using local density approximation (Engel–Vosko generalized gradient approximation) exchange correlation potentials. To describe the bonding properties we have evaluated the electronic charge space density contour in four planes-namely (001), (110), (100), and (010) which show that this compound possesses a considerable anisotropy. The contour plot shows partial ionic and strong covalent bonding between S–Sb, Al–Cl, S–Br, S–S, Cl–Cl, and Sb–B...


The proposed text recording of lectures given by a famous thinker-methodologist in March 1987 at one of the universities belongs to the last period of his amazingly productive work, namely to the creation of a working scheme of thought-activity, forms, means and conditions of its various reflexive elaboration and to the full formation of system-though-activity methodology as an innovative socio-cultural phenomenon in its intellectual environment – in the systematic hard work of the Moscow Methodological Circle. In addition, it is at this historical time that the idea of methodological games is mastered programmatically, organizationally and imitation-technically, and numerous organizational games are held in various problem-thematic areas of solving the most difficult scientific, industrial and covital situations. The s u b j e c t of the collective thought communication of the lecturer with the audience of professional psychologists, which unites the problem areas of the actualized polydialogical semantic landscape of thoughts, questions, answers, arguments, are the historical perspectives of the psychology development. The lecturer offers to abandon the Galilean model of science and Wundt's model of psychological science, in particular because of their detachment from life and their functioning in their own artificial areas of laws and regularities as ideal abstractions. Therefore, he, unequivocally denying psychologism of any kind, supports not a natural-scientific strategy of empowerment of psychology, but an intelligible, reflexive-interpretive one, which is interested in explaining, constructing and describing true mental reality according to adequately defined goals and values, forms and methods, ways and means of carried out thought-activity. The basic thesis here is formulated very categorically; "outside the framework of methodological thought, no psychology can be." This is argued by the fact that only methodological thinking allows thought-activity of any psychological content by appropriate means, methods, forms, adequate to a particular life situation. Besides, the projected enrichment of the psychology's subject field in the coming decades will be determined not by the available material and not by ontological content, but by a methodological approach or a full-fledged philosophical methodologem, though "thinking itself cannot be studied psychologically." The optimal form of organization and an integral condition for the development of collective thought-activity, in particular in the field of psychology, is organizational game, which at the same time, on the principle of three "s", provides self-activity, self-organization and self-development of its participants, that operate in a simulated, but real, problem-conflict situation.


Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) is an avian pathogen which its clinical symptoms of the disease may be varies from asymptomatic to several clinical symptoms, which include: conjunctivitis, an inflammation of the lining of the nose (rhinitis), sinusitis, diarrhea (dehydration), respiratory distress, yellow-green urine, loss of appetite, which may cause respiratory disorders in humans. Oropharyngeal(owner and birds) and cloacal (birds) swabs were taken from 54 captive psittacine birds and their owners who attended to veterinary clinics in Isfahan (Totally 108 samples).To study the prevalence of C. psittaci in captive birds and their owners using molecular detection assay (PCR),samples were collected during 2014 from a total of 10 various species of parrots. C. psittaci was identified in four species of birds (40%). Sequencing was performed to confirm the PCR positive results, demonstrating that all positive samples of C. psittaci belonged to genotype A, representing the first report of the presence of this genotype in Iran. The determination of this bacterium in captive psittacine birds presents that there is a potential risk for owners who live or have direct contact with them and that there is a feasibility of infecting other birds and humans.


The influence of different particles added into micro-arc oxidation(MAO) process is summarized.The changes of microstructures,mechanical properties,corrosion resistance and decorative properties are emphasized.It is proposed that there will be an important way to improve the properties of micro-arc oxidation coating by the incorporation of particles.


Abstract Loading conditions for rubber components are often more complex than the constant amplitude signals used in material characterization. During a series of uniaxial fatigue crack growth expe...


How to cite this paper: Lemonakis, C., Ballas, P., Balla, V., & Garefalakis, A. (2018). Audit fees and pricing strategy: Do restatements of internal control reports and earnings matter? Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions, 8(2), 63-73. http://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv8i2p4 Copyright © 2018 The Authors This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC


The invention discloses an anti-collision device for a moving object, which comprises a display screen, an electric map, a voice prompting device, a GPS module, a signal transmitting and receiving device and a control system. The position of the anti-collision device is determined by using the GPS module, then displayed on the electric map and transmitted in a signal form; when the anti-collision device receives a signal from the opposite side, the signal of the opposite side is also displayed on the electric map; and a distance and a movement direction of the opposite side are determined by calculating, and the moving object is prevented from being collided by using the voice prompting device.


In order to ensure the realization of NOX emission limit and implement the enterprise's leading. the denigration principle, basic structure and application effect of SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denigration system of circulating fluidized bed boiler in a power plant are introduced. The test results show that SNCR denigration technology can meet the NOx emission requirements of the new pollutant emission standard of thermal power plant.


Droplets bouncing on a vibrated liquid bath open ways to methods of manipulating droplets, creating double emulsion and performing pilot wave model experiments. Many periodic trajectories and resonant modes are observed when tuning the forcing parameters. This complex dynamics emphasizes the interplay between elastic energy storage and energy dissipation at each bounce.
We propose to model droplets using a bouncing mass-spring-damper system that mimics a deformable droplet bouncing on a non-deformable liquid bath. From the experimental measurements, we constructed bifurcation diagrams of the bouncing trajectories and challenged our bouncing spring model. The agreement between experiment and the spring model reveals that this model can be used to rationalize and predict a variety of bouncing droplets behaviors involving multi-periodicities.


To study the dynamic change of fruit superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity under different temperatures and preservatives storage conditions,the Schisandra chinensis fruits were choosed as experimental materials and packaged with ziplock bags.The results showed that,when stored at normal temperature(16~20 ℃) for 7 days,the fruit treated with different preservatives displayed lower SOD activities than the ones before storage.After treated with potassium permanganate and perlite packaged,0.1% sorbic acid soaking for 3 min or 500 μL/L 1-MCP fumigation for 24 h at room temperature,the SOD activities of fruits were all higher than contemporaneous control(without the use of preservative treatment)38.39%,28.00% and 38.20% respectively.At a low temperature condition(2~4 ℃),the maximum SOD activity of fruit treated with potassium permanganate,perlite and calcium oxide appeared earlier,the SOD activities of two groups including potassium permanganate and perlite treatment and potassium permanganate,perlite and calcium oxide treatment were lower than the control when stored for 31 d.The SOD activities of 0.1% sorbic acid and 500 μL/L 1-MCP treatments were higher than the control when stored for 45 d,both of the treatments could increased the SOD activities and were suitable for fruit preservatives of Schisandra chinensis.


© 2008 The Authors JEADV 2009, 23 , 70–110 Journal compilation © 2008 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology observed significant improvement with two of the agents, especially with pimecrolimus (Fig. 2). Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary anomaly of the skin manifested by depigmented white patches surrounded by a normal or a hyperpigmented border. Spontaneous repigmentation is seen in no more than 15% to 25% of cases. Response is slow, and response rates are low. 3 Recently, there are increasing amount of reports about topical pimecrolimus and calcipotriol cream in the treatment of vitiligo. Sendur et al . reported a study with pimecrolimus in vitiligo; they found that pimecrolimus had mild therapeutic effect on vitiligo, and it could be an alternative therapy agent. 4 Mayoral et al . performed a retrospective analysis of pimecrolimus cream 1% for treatment of facial vitiligo and reported that it could be a viable alternative to current therapies. 5 Coskun et al . performed a study to evaluate the efficacy of the topical 0.05% clobetasol propionate and 1% pimecrolimus cream in the treatment of vitiligo. They found 1% pimecrolimus cream as effective as 0.05% clobetasol propionate. 6


Coherent absolute distance interferometry is one of the most interesting techniques for length metrology. In frequency sweeping interferometry (FSI), measurements are made without ambiguity, by using a synthetic wavelengths resulting from a frequency sweep. FSI-based sensors are simple devices and fulfill an important role on any demanding space mission metrological chain. Their parameterization flexibility allows either technological or application-related tradeoffs to be performed. Accuracy is mainly dependent on the capability to measure the synthetic wavelength, using a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FP) that counts resonances as the frequency sweeps, and on the number of detected synthetic fringes. For large ranges, the number of fringes dominates performances, leading to a linear decrease of the accuracy with range. By increasing the size of the interferometer reference arm, and by measuring both the distance and the reference arm independently, it is possible to ensure high accuracy for small distance measurements, even for much larger range. In the context of the ESA PROBA3 mission (coronagraph and demonstration of metrology for free-flying formation), we are prototyping a FSI sensor composed of a mode-hop free frequency sweep external cavity diode laser, a high finesse FP (to measure accurately the frequency sweep range) and a dual measurement system to enable the measurements at 150 m with an accuracy at the tens of micrometer level. Its uncertainty budget, interferometers design and preliminary experimental results are detailed in this paper.


Pervoskite manganite EuMnO3 synthesized by solid-state route was studied for their structural and magnetocaloric properties. EuMnO3 formed a single phase compound in orthorhombic crystal structure with a space group of Pbnm. The zero field cooling and field cooling magnetic responses exhibit an optimal Neel temperature (TN) of 57 K. A stronger magnetic coupling between the EuMnO3 particles are observed by a delay in reaching TN. The magnetocaloric effect analyzed extensively from the negative entropy (−ΔSm) change of 15.23 JKg−1K−1 for EuMnO3, exhibited a Relative Cooling Power (RCP) of ∼211 JKg−1 at 1.2 T proposing EuMnO3 as a potential magnetic refrigerant.


A facile and economical strategy to develop a novel 3D binder-free and flexible electrode of supercapacitors with high performance was successfully designed by constructing MnO2/TiN nanotube arrays (NTAs) on a Ti mesh substrate. Their phase compositions, microstructures and photo-electrochemical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that MnO2 is filled in the bottom of the interval of 3D-TiN NTAs, and its thickness rises with the increase in the deposition cycles. Sample TM(200) exhibits a specific capacitance of 550 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1; its specific capacitance decreases with increasing scan rate. The specific capacitances in the TM series samples are far larger than those in TiN NTAs and T(200) samples. A mechanism is given to explain the excellent capacitive performance.


— Cultivation of crops and their parallel production yields hugely depend upon the fertility composition of the soil in which the crops are being cultivated. The prime fertility factors which contribute towards the health of the soil are the available soil nutrients. Varying climatic conditions and improper cultivation patterns have resulted in unpredictable growth and yield of the groundnut crops, one of the major cause for the fluctuation seen in groundnut pod growth patterns and production, is the differing soil nutrient compositions of the land which is under cultivation. The unnecessary usage of excessive artificial fertilizers to boost the soil strength, without properly diagnosing the exact nutritional need of the soil required for the conducive growth of the crop has led to the imbalanced distribution of the soil's major macro-nutrients constituents such as (Phosphorous (P), Potassium (K) and Nitrogen (N)). In this research article, we have made a detailed investigation for nutrient prediction mechanism of the soil nutrient datasets taken under investigation of a specific geographic location from one of the major groundnut cultivating districts (Villupuram) in the state of Tamil Nadu and have proposed a Soil nutrients prediction scheme and optimal fertilizer recommendation model for sustainable cultivation of groundnut crop using Enhanced-1DCNN DLM. This Investigation model utilizes the natural compact robust features of 1DCNN in classifying the major macro nutrients(N,P,K)on the basis of low, Medium and high values. Based on the generated heatmap results the correlation between certain macronutrients and their corresponding micronutrient presence is classified. This proposed model has been compared for its performance and error measures with existing SVM, Naïve Bayes and ANN models and has proved to be outperforming all the compared baseline models by preserving the original data distribution with an overall accuracy of 99.78%.


Research-based hospital is popular in China and has gained some experience,still it needs improved. We choose several famous hospitals in China and America as samples to find out the differences and accordance in the setting of translational research institutes,medical service quality,staff cultivation and funding,in order to promote the construction of research-based hospital.


Dose response and dose-rate ef fects in the low-dose-rate (LDR) range have not been evaluated with respect to chromosome aberrations. The incidences of chromosome aberrations were analyzed in splenic lymphocytes from mice that were continuously exposed to γ -ray at the LDR for evaluation of the dose response and dose-rate effects. The frequency of dicentric chromosomes and translocations detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) increased almost linearly up to 8,000 mGy at 0.91 mGy/h and to 700 mGy at 0.045 mGy/h. In no-exposed mice, translocations increased in a linear quadratic manner with age. After adjustment for age, value of linear coefficient of the dose-response relationship for the frequency of translocations at each dose rate decreased as the dose rate was reduced, suggesting a dose-rate effects in the LDR range. These results will be useful for establishment of a biodosimetry method for individuals who are occupationally or accidentally exposed to chronic LDR radiation. On the basis on the present findings, retrospective dosimetry was performed for two populations of subjects who had been exposed to radioactive fallout from nuclear explosion tests. The merit and drawbacks of using dicentric chromosomes or translocations as indices in chronic exposure at the LDR are discussed.


General research suggests that the play university teachers give to teaching performance depends on such factors as the academic standards and teaching ability of teachers,but in fact it is also strongly subject to such indirect factors as cultural status,titles evaluation engagement,teaching management,and teaching evaluation by students.To improve the teaching performance of university teachers,we should not only pay attention to the indirect factors affecting it,but also undertake work in terms of increasing the cultural status,improving the system of titles evaluation engagement,grasping the management criterion and reforming the teaching evaluation by students.


Abstract : Based on electrophysiological evidence, eye-movement measurements and systems control theory, a new physiological neural network model of horizontal saccadic control is described. The neural control mechanism is first-order, time-optimal, and is initiated by the deep layers of the superior colliculus and terminated by the cerebellar fastigial nucleus. The neural circuit consists of neurons in the paramedian pontine reticular formation, the vestibular nucleus, abducens nucleus, oculomotor nucleus, cerebellum, substantia nigra, nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, the thalamus, the deep layers of the superior colliculus and the oculomotor plant for each eye. Each of the neural sides in the model produce firing rates matching experimental data, and simulate fast eye movements that match the recorded


Abstract Radiopharmacy is a pharmaceutical specialty responsible for the development and production of radiopharmaceuticals. Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive drugs, which can be used in two distinct manners: first for diagnosis in oncological, neurological and cardiac diseases, and second for therapy in oncology. Given their great specificity and precision, radiopharmaceuticals are among the most technological products in the field of pharmacy. Among radiopharmaceuticals, radiopharmaceuticals based on 99mTc are the most widely used in the world. However, radiopharmacy and radiopharmaceuticals are still restricted to a few research centers in the world today. This is largely due to the difficulty in obtaining the radioactive material, the precursor of the radiopharmaceutical, as well as the understanding of the chemistry involved in these materials. In this sense, this study addresses the radiochemistry of radiopharmaceuticals based on 99mTc as well as the coordination chemistry of these compounds. Finally, this review addresses the pharmaceutical aspects of 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals.


Task allocation or participant selection is a key issue in Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS). While previous participant selection approaches mainly focus on selecting a proper subset of users for a single MCS task, multi-task-oriented participant selection is essential and useful for the efficiency of large-scale MCS platforms. This paper proposes TaskMe, a participant selection framework for multi-task MCS environments. In particular, two typical multi-task allocation situations with bi-objective optimization goals are studied: (1) For FPMT (few participants, more tasks), each participant is required to complete multiple tasks and the optimization goal is to maximize the total number of accomplished tasks while minimizing the total movement distance. (2) For MPFT (more participants, few tasks), each participant is selected to perform one task based on pre-registered working areas in view of privacy, and the optimization objective is to minimize total incentive payments while minimizing the total traveling distance. Two optimal algorithms based on the Minimum Cost Maximum Flow theory are proposed for FPMT, and two algorithms based on the multi-objective optimization theory are proposed for MPFT. Experiments verify that the proposed algorithms outperform baselines based on a large-scale real-word dataset under different experiment settings (the number of tasks, various task distributions, etc.).


Methodological study with quantitative approach, with the aim of drawing up a reasoned check instrument in the assessment of actions for evaluation and follow-up of patients undergoing neurosurgery, with views to the control of surgical site infections (ISC), understand that your filling is performed by professional surveillance action of hospital infection control Committee (CCIH). For both, this instrument has been built and validated as five methodological steps: 1-bibliographic survey; 2-construction of the first version of the instrument based on literature; 3-data collection with content validation by judges-experts; 4-analysis and discussion of the validation performed by the judges-experts; 5-production of the final version of the instrument. In the first phase was carried out bibliographical through integrative review, with search in the databases LILACS, CINAHAL, PUBMED, LILACS and portal CAPES. 23 articles were selected. This search three categories emerged which gave rise to the first version of the instrument that was subdivided into checking: pre-operative actions, intra operative and post operative, with 24 items to be checked for appropriateness. For the validation step, judges were selected experts with expertise in pre, intra or post-operative neurosurgery between nurses and doctors, each professional assessing the issues pertinent to your practice. For obtaining the consensus of experts, it was used a questionnaire with Likert type scale of four points, numbered from 1 to 4, where 1 corresponds to the lowest agreement, and 4, the larger agreement. Analysis was used to calculate content Validity index (CVI), where he was found 0.96. The instrument demonstrated content validity in the opinion of experts. It is concluded that this instrument may facilitate work processes of the CCIH professionals, enabling the monitoring of potential risks to the patient submitted to Neurosurgery


With airline companies increasingly relying on crowdsourcing websites to deploy their digital marketing strategies, marketeers and strategists seek to acquire an understanding of the factors affecting airlines' organic traffic and user engagement. Such an understanding is acquired through the consideration of variables that influence a company's organic traffic and user engagement and their correlation to each other. A three-stage data-driven analysis is used to examine the correlation between the foregoing variables and to consider strategies that can be implemented to optimize organic traffic and user engagement. The first section gathers data from five airline companies' websites and five crowdsourcing websites over an interval of 180 days. The second stage creates an exploratory diagnostic model, through Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping, to visually illustrate the cause-and-effect correlations between the examined metrics. Finally, a predictive micro-level agent-based model simulates optimization strategies that can be used to improve organic traffic and user engagement. The results of this study, reveal that crowdsourcing organic traffic increases airline websites' user engagement through paid campaigns, while a limited correlation was found to exist between the average duration of a user to organic traffic. The results of this study provide tangible digital marketing strategies which can be used by airline companies to improve the influence of their digital marketing strategies on their users.


This article studies the feasibility of using a botnet to automate stock market manipulation, incorporating data from U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission case files, security surveys of online retail brokerage accounts, and dark web marketplace listings.


In this paper, a new travel time-based traffic signal control is developed and examined. Following the application of a decentralized approach, which requires only local information in order to offer proper phase duration, the control strategy aims at maximizing the throughput. Three issues with previous works of the queue-based max-pressure controller have been tackled: (i) infinite link capacity, (ii) non-fixed phase sequence, and (iii) the queue model neglects the spatial distribution of the queues. An unprecedented cyclic time-based max pressure control is compared with existing cyclic queue-based and time-based max-pressure schemes. As a result, the newly proposed time-based approach offers better fairness and better decision-making.


Values Clarification (VC) waxed during the 1970s and waned during the 1980s. Today, psychology lacks an empirically based intervention for helping individuals to clarify their values. In this article, the meteoric rise and then precipitous decline of VC are first described. Conservative religious and political criticisms as well as conceptual flaws within VC are discussed. A reconceptualization of VC that addresses the criticisms and flaws is then proposed. The goal of the reconceptualization is to revitalize the topic of values conflict and clarification, to stimulate a new generation of research, and to establish an empirically based guidance for practice.


This manuscript explores the effects of data stream synchronization on fluxes derived from all-digital data acquisition systems. While the methods and conclusions seem sound, there is little practical information about how this work applies to real-world systems such as TK3, EasyFlux, EdiSol, HuskerFlux, or SmartFlux. This work would be of greater value if the authors could review some of these systems and comment on whether or not the issues they explore are present or absent in any of these packages.


Camera is used to capture images of the tools.Delphi is commonly used as the development tool in front of the database system。This article describes how to use Delphi control the camera to grab,clipping or save the static pictures.Putting a solution of Image Captured Systems.


In his book Reason and Commitment (Cambridge, 1973) Roger Trigg argues, in my view correctly, against the opinion that 'truth must always be considered relative to a society' (p. 2), and he unexceptionably concludes that we cannot dispense with 'the notion of objectivity—of things being the case whether people recognize them or not' (p. 168). This notion, which I suppose a non-philosopher would regard as self-evident, has so far as I know never been denied by any social anthropologist. But Dr Trigg asserts that social anthropologists are 'often tempted' by what he terms 'conceptual relativism', the view that 'each system sets its own standards of truth, but is not itself the kind of thing which can be true or false' (p. 7), and he goes on to single me out, on the basis of selected passages from Chapter 5 of my book Other Cultures (London, 1964), as an anthropologist whose writings show 'considerable sympathy' for the position he is criticizing. It seems to me, as a social anthropologist, necessary to set the record straight. His representation of my position is disconcertingly wide of the mark. As far as I know I have never 'denied', as he asserts on pp. 7-8, that 'systems of belief should [or, I would add, "can"] be understood as making claims about "reality" '. What I have argued, and what I was saying in the chapter from which Dr Trigg quotes, is that systems of belief can sometimes be understood in other ways too, for example as symbolic systems, which express the cultural categories and values of particular societies. Dr Trigg should not assume that the fact that a belief, or a system of beliefs, can be understood in a particular way automatically precludes its being understood in any other way. Some 'beliefs', for example technological ones, may be sufficiently 'understood' by reference to their objective validity or lack of it. Other beliefs are more appropriately understood in terms of symbol and metaphor. The 'beliefs' involved in myth, magic and religion are of this second kind. And their understanding by reference to the meaning they have for the people who hold them does not entail the assertion that they are 'really' true, either for those people in particular, or for anyone else.


The quality of learning comes from learning that is designed and implemented by educators. An educator as the spearhead in the implementation of education is very influential in the learning process. Teaching and learning process activities One of the components that support learning so that it is carried out properly and regularly through learning media. Learning media as an intermediary between educators and students to understand learning more effectively and efficiently. The results of interviews with educators were very extraordinary at MTS Baabussalam during the Covid-19 pandemic, in the implementation of online learning, namely students were challenged to understand the teaching materials provided by educators in supporting the education of students, therefore students are required to learn through parental guidance at home. Learning media can be developed with interesting applications to support online learning. The approach between educators and students used in PKM program activities includes development training on learning media, one of which is using the Canva application which includes explanations about the Canva application, the history of the Canva application, the development of learning media for the Canva application, discussions and information exchange. Based on the results of training in making learning media, the Canva application greatly optimizes online learning for educators there. So, in pulling to the conclusion, the method that is my focus at this time is a qualitative method, which means research that focuses on analyzing events where the current research uses a theoretical basis that is factual in the field.


Explained is a proposal for a structure and method of fabricating a Holographic Electro-optic Device (HED), a hologram whose image can be controlled by applying a voltage. Electrostriction switches a photo-elastically active polymer with a recorded holographic stress pattern.


English is a compulsory subject for both junior and
senior high school students in Indonesia. Based on the
1984 Curriculum the teaching of English for high school
consists of five components: structure, vocabulary. reading,
speaking and writing.
The objective of teaching English at junior high
school is that the students are able to comprehend English
texts. To comprehend English texts, adequate vocabulary
cannot be ignored. Vocabulary is one of the language
components. Some experts consider it as the most important
part in learning a language. As it is really important so
without mastering enough vocabulary, one will find difficulties
in understanding the reading passage, in expressing
his ideas or in conducting communication.
Considering the important role of vocabulary in
reading comprehension, students' vocabulary mastery must
be improved.
To improve the students' vocabulary mastery, the
writer used card game in teaching English vocabulary. This
technique helps the teacher to break the routine activities,
to avoid the boredom, and to arouse the students'
motivation. This also attracts them to participate in the
classroom activities.
Realizing the important role of vocabulary, the
writer is interested in making a study entitled The Effectiveness
of Card Game and Translation of Word List as a
Means of Teaching Vocabulary to the third year students of
Junior High School of Dapena I Surabaya.
The population and sample of this study is two parallel
classes of the third year students of Dapena I Junior
High School Surabaya in the academic year of 1995-1996.
The writer chose 3A consisting of 33 students as the
Experimental group and 3B consisting of 32 students as the
Control one. Both groups got the same materials. and teat
items. The difference was only the way the writer presented
the exercises. In the experimental group. the writer
used card game while in the control group the writer used
translation of word list.
After analyzing the data. the writer finds that the
experimental group got higher marks than the control one.
The results of this study show that at 0,05 level of
significance the t-table is 2,021 and the t-calculation is
3,358. Since the t calculation is greater than the t-table
at the level of significance 0,05. the alternative hypothesis
was accepted and the null hypothesis was rejected.
This means that there is a significant difference
between the vocabulary achievement of the students taught
through card game and that of the students taught through
translation of word list.
Since game creates a relax situation, the writer
suggests the teacher to pay attention to the students'
activity in order not to disturb other class.
An ideal time for an experiment is one semester. This
experiment was conducted only five times. Realizing that
five times is not enough, the writer suggests teachers of
English of SMP or other fellows students to conduct similar
research with longer period of experiment to verify
the findings of this study.


A semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to divide a bonding pad into a bonding region and a probing region and to simplify manufacturing processes by forming a visible indicator at a predetermined portion of an interlayer dielectric adjacent to the bonding pad and obtaining the visible indicator from a fuse opening process. A semiconductor device includes a fuse and a metal line pattern on a semiconductor substrate, an interlayer dielectric on the substrate, a bonding pad, a fuse opening, and a visible indicator. The bonding pad(50) is connected to the metal line pattern through the interlayer dielectric. The fuse opening(54) for exposing the fuse to the outside is formed through the interlayer dielectric. The visible indicator(52) is formed at a predetermined portion of the interlayer dielectric adjacent to the bonding pad. The visible indicator and the fuse opening are simultaneously formed on the resultant structure.


Background Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) plays an indispensable role when resuscitation fails; however, extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in infants is different from that in adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of E-CPR in infants. Methods A single-center retrospective study was conducted, analyzing 51 consecutive patients (age <1 year) who received E-CPR for in-hospital cardiac arrest between 2010 and 2021. Results The median age and body weight was 51 days (interquartile range [IQR], 17–111 days) and 3.4 kg (IQR, 2.9–5.1 kg), respectively. The cause of arrest was cardiogenic in 45 patients (88.2%), and 48 patients (94.1%) had congenital cardiac anomalies. The median conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (C-CPR) time before the initiation of ECLS was 77 minutes (IQR, 61–103 minutes) and duration of ECLS was 7 days (IQR, 3–12 days). There were 36 in-hospital deaths (70.6%), and another patient survived after heart transplantation. In the multivariate analysis, single-ventricular physiology (odds ratio [OR], 5.05; p=0.048), open sternum status (OR, 8.69; p=0.013), and C-CPR time (OR, 1.47 per 10 minutes; p=0.021) were significant predictors of in-hospital mortality. In a receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal cut-off of C-CPR time was 70.5 minutes. The subgroup with early E-CPR (C-CPR time <70.5 minutes) showed a tendency for lower in-hospital mortality tendency (54.5% vs. 82.8%, p=0.060), albeit not statistically significant. Conclusion If resuscitation fails in an infant, E-CPR could be a life-saving option. It is crucial to improve C-CPR quality and shorten the time before ECLS initiation.


Hydrothermally grown ZnO samples have been annealed in Ar, Zn-rich, and O-rich ambients and investigated by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). The DLTS measurements reveal up to 6 different defect levels in the band gap after different annealing conditions. A clear correlation has been found between the annealing treatment and the formation/suppression of two deep defect levels at ∼0.2 and ∼0.5 eV below the conduction band edge (Ec). As a result, the Ec-0.5eV level is assigned to a Zn-rich defect while the Ec-0.2eV level is due to a O-rich defect, where the latter shows donor behavior as revealed by a distinct Poole-Frenkel effect.


Propaganda is generally defined as statements in the service of particular political goals. While propaganda is often considered to be untruthful or deceptive, in fact, propaganda can be an accurate account and reasonable analysis of events. It could even be argued that all information is "propaganda" in the sense that even if one is just reporting "facts", one's choice of which facts to include and which facts to exclude must necessarily reflect one's outlook. Nevertheless, when it comes to war, the old saying that "the first casualty of war is the truth" is often borne out, including during the recent U.S.-Iraq War. On the broadest theoretical levels, one can find many comprehensive sources that explain the various general theories and forms of propaganda. And there is an abundance of literature that discusses various specific examples of recent pro-war propaganda from Chomsky and Hermann's many discussions of pro-U.S. propaganda to the recently published Weapons of Mass Deception, (Rampton and Stauber), an analysis of how distortions, exaggerations, and halftruths were used to convince the people of the U.S. to support the war against Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003. One can find digests of these examples on such left-of-center internet news outlets as Znet.com, truthout.com, the Independent (U.K.) and Counterpunch, as well as many mainstream sources including the BBC, Asia Times, and even various mainstream sources in the United States, and readers are encouraged to seek out and examine those various sources. Because there has already been much valuable analysis written about propaganda in its broadest sense, and because there is a veritable flood of information detailing many specific examples of half-truths, exaggerations, innuendos, and outright fabrications during the recent US-Iraq War, we will confine our discussion here to a more middle-range set of considerations: What are some of the more general aspects of propaganda as they have been manifested during this recent war: specifically, what particular techniques were used, and what were the pre-existing conditions that provided the fertile soil that allowed those techniques to be effective on many people in the United States? This is written not from standpoint of having done an exhaustive, variable-controlled quantitative analysis. It is, however, based on hundreds of discussions with hundreds of "middle America" college students, a cross section of middle and low income youth from a variety of racial-ethnic backgrounds.


The stability, stabilization and degradation process of lyophilized sodium prasterone sulfate (DHA • S) were studied. A lyophilized product of DHA • S alone was rapidly decomposed at 50 °C. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and glycine increased the stability, but the addition of dextran 40 or mannitol was not effective. The pH of a reconstituted solution of aged lyophilized product of DHA • S changed to a lower pH value, that is, the pH of the reconstituted solution at zero time and after the lyophilized product was kept for 28 days at 50 °C were 5.6 and 2.2, respectively. The pH of a reconstituted solution of the product, which was stabilized by the addition of PVP or glycine, changed very little after extended storage. From these results, it was assumed that one of the degradation products was a strongly acidic compound, perhaps sodium bisulfate, which was formed by the hydrolysis of DHA • S. If a compound which neutralizes the acidic compound, formed by the decomposition of DHA • S, is added to the lyophilized product, it is assumed that the product may be stable. To confirm this assumption, a buffering agent such as amino acid and phosphate-citrate was added to the product. These samples showed good stability after storage at 50 °C for 3 weeks. From these results, the degradation process was examined.


The reaction kinetic analyses of synthesized LiFePO 4 have been done using Kissinger method. LiFePO 4 was prepared by mixing equimolar amount of LiCl, FeCl 2 .4H 2 O and H 3 PO 4 in distilled water solution. Solution homogenization was achived by magnetic stirring and heating at 60 oC. LiFePO 4 precursor obtained after heat treatment at 200 oC for 2 hours. LiFePO 4 precursor was then analysized by using Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) at heating rate of 5, 10, 15 and 20 oC min-1 respectively. LiFePO 4 powder was obtained after heating at 700 oC for 4 hours, then the X-Ray Diffactometer (XRD) analysis was done to confirm phase purity and crystalline structure, meanwhile morphology observation was done by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). By using Kissinger method, activation energy of LiFePO 4 formation reaction was about E a = 412 kJmol -1 , and the frequeny factor A =1,1705 x 10 3 . Key words: Reaction kinetic, Kissinger method, DTA, LiFePO 4 .


– Data mining is important topic in research area because Data mining is the process of analyzing a large batch of information to discern trends and patterns. The data mining uses various clustering algorithms for grouping related objects. One of the most important algorithm is density based clustering algorithm which groups the related objects in non linear shapes structure based on the density. But it has the problem of varied density, which does not find out meaningful clusters. To overcome this problem an improved VDBSCAN algorithm is used. The main drawback of VDBSCAN algorithm is the value of parameter 'K' is user input dependent parameter, it largely degrades the efficiency of permanent Eps ('K' value is used for Eps selection). In our proposed method, the parameter 'K' is dataset dependent parameter, which finds the characteristics of dataset. The characteristics in the proposed method are distance measure, average resolution and quick select method for 'K' selection. The distance measurement is done using jaccard index, which gives the better cluster formation, good computation time and accuracy in large datasets.


es Abstract- Thiscommunication presents a multiple-input- multiple-output (MIMO)channel modelbasedonrigorous ray- tracing techniques, thatis,basedona full three-dimensional implementation ofGeometric Optics andtheUniform Theoryof Diffraction. Results obtained frommeasurement andsimulation ofthecorrelation matrix andcapacity ofa2x2MIMO system in specific indoor environments atthefrequency of2 GHz are presented. Therigorous andquantitative comparison between measurements andsimulations showsthatthemodelaccuracy is sufficient fortheanalysis anddesign ofdifferent aspects ofthe full MIMO system.


In 1931, Pittman5 recognized that a type specificity existed among invasive strains of Hemophilus influenzae and later demonstrated that strains from meningitis' almost invariably belonged to a single serological type which she designated type b. In 1939 Alexander', 2, developed a therapeutic type-specific rabbit serum which is highly effective against the type b influenza bacillus. We have become especially interested in this organism, since infections by it appear to be on the increase in this locality7 and because a specific therapy is now available. Accordingly, epidemiological methods were employed to determine the presence of H. influenzae, type b, in the upper respiratory tracts of familial members who had been exposed to a carrier of this organism. The carriers, sick or "healthy," were children who were admitted to the pediatric service of the New Haven Hospital, which during the past two years has had approximately 1,000 admissions yearly.


Star sensors achieve very accurate attitudes for space vehicles by comparing observed stars in their field of view with the cataloged guide stars. Guide star selection is a key work during the star sensor designing. Infrared star sensor provides accuracy navigation information to air vehicles which fly near the ground in the atmosphere. According to working characteristics of the infrared star sensors, 2MASS(Two Micron All Sky Survey) star catalog is adopted as the raw star source. On the basis of analyzing its data structure, the scheme of selecting binary stars as guide stars and calculating their equivalent magnitudes and positions is discussed. The procedures to select the guide stars are described completely by processing 2MASS. The guide star catalog for infrared star sensors is established. The result proves that guide stars in the near infrared band are far more than those in the visible band in case of the same limiting magnitude. Star camera of infrared star sensors can adopt systems having smaller aperture or narrower field of view.


The precise measurement of the W boson mass is closely related to the contributions of new physics (NP), which can significantly constrain the parameter space of NP models, particularly those with an additional $U(1)$ local gauge group. The inclusion of a new $Z'$ gauge boson and gauge couplings in these models can contribute to the oblique parameters $S$, $T$, $U$ and W boson mass at tree level. Taking into account the effects of kinetic mixing, we calculate and analyze the oblique parameters $S$, $T$, $U$ and W boson mass in such NP models in this study. It is found that the kinetic mixing effects can make significant contributions to the W boson mass, which can satisfy the recently measured W boson mass at CDF II or ATLAS by choosing appropriate values of gauge coupling constants and extra $U(1)$ group charges of leptons or scalar doublets. In addition, if the leptonic Yukawa couplings are invariant under the extra $U(1)$ local gauge group, these contributions can be eliminated by redefining the gauge boson fields through eliminating the neutral currents involving charged leptons, even with nonzero kinetic mixing effects.


In this paper, we propose a novel and effective method for improving the accuracy of separating reflection components in a single image based on the dichromatic reflection model after calculating the diffuse reflection component by any existing method. Separating reflection components accurately is very important and useful in computer vision to detect highlight areas, which are often regarded as outliers, and to enhance image quality, especially texture, because we can control the intensity and apply a filter independently to each reflection component. Our proposed method is based on unsharp masking and an energy function. The method does not require any information in advance, and is applicable to many products, such as TVs. Experimental results show that our method can improve the separation of reflection components by a maximum of 13.06 dB in the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).


Buckling problems of plates with interfaces caused by step changes in thickness, internal line supports and line hinges under uni-axial and bi-axial in-plane compressive loads are solved by using t...


A theory of cultural transfer was the branch of comparative literary criticism, although this theory declared its sharp opposition against the mentioned tradition of study. The comparative studies in humanities are based on the ideas of specificity of every culture, even when one deals with the influence of one culture on another. Instead of this approach, the theory of cultural transfer promotes not only a simultaneous study of several cultural and national spaces but also a research on disseminations and transformations that appear at any rapprochement between cultures both in an influential culture and in a perceiving one. Consequently, it is not the binary opposition that must be taken into account in cultural transfer but two cultures, one of which is necessarily comprehended as a culture-recipient, although the whole scheme is much more complicated. Any transition from one cultural space into another easily may cause some transformation.
Other 'new element' in the theory of cultural transfer is positioning the study of a cultural space periphery, i. e. connections with alien cultural space that every culture necessarily supports, in a center. This approach demonstrates that any phenomenon, no matter how specifically national it may be, actually is a complicated alloy of different cultures and influences.
The objects of cultural transfer include the history of translation. Another priority direction is a comparative study of the national forms of comparativism related to the history of intellectual and spiritual relations between different countries and nations. During the transfer from one cultural situation into another any object gets into another context and acquires a new meaning.
As focus of attention of a theory and studies of translation was shifting to the context of creation, operation and perception of translations, the research on the translated texts increasingly crossed the boundaries of the related disciplines that enabled learning this context – sociology, comparative studies, economics, history, cultural studies. The scholars aim to indicate the ways of manipulating the readers via translation, to explicate interests and values brought with every translation, to show how it forms the culture-receiver and values of society. The most attention is paid to the issues of ideology, economy and politics, the problems of ethnic responsibility of the translator. The object of cultural translation studies is the text in the system of literary and extra-literary meanings within the initial and receiving cultures. Cultural theory of translation raises the question of cultural prestige of the selected texts and determines the basis of this selection, the principles of forming and changing their status. One may focus also on the role of the commentator as an intermediary between the translator of the text and the readers to whom the translator wants to make his way through.


The paper provides a scientific approach to the problem of selecting a pension fund by taking into account some specific characteristics of the Lithuanian Republic (LR) pension accumulation system. The decision making model, which can be used to plan a long-term pension accrual of the Lithuanian Republic (LR) citizens, in an optimal way is presented. This model focuses on factors that influence the sustainability of the pension system selection under macroeconomic, social and demographic uncertainty. The model is formalized as a single stage stochastic optimization problem where the long-term optimal strategy can be obtained based on the possible scenarios generated for a particular participant. Stochastic programming methods allow including the pension fund rebalancing moment and direction of investment, and taking into account possible changes of personal income, changes of society and the global financial market. The collection of methods used to generate scenario trees was found useful to solve strategic planning problems.


Among other things, recent studies suggest that climate change is impacting energy systems, increasing transport costs or making it harder for suppliers to meet regional demands due to unpredictable and adverse weather conditions. Technologies that use natural resources to produce electrical energy, such as solar panels and wind turbines, are highly dependent on a region's climate, so radical climatic changes can prevent them from generating enough energy.


So why are COTS still not used in many deployments? In the past 10 years, many Optoelectronic component and subsystem companies disappeared after the dot-com bust. This forced the remaining companies to focus tactically on products customers would commit to buy. Few products were newly developed without a waiting market or customer commitment and development budgets where significantly reduced. Companies no longer developed products just to fill out their product portfolios. These designs and product roadmaps had little to no influence from the defense or military arena. Further complicating the issue was the widening gap in the fundamental technology - with many military applications using multimode and the commercial telecom market using single mode. Furthermore since many military programs can be relatively low volume in comparison to commercial applications, the influence of these military applications on products being developed was minimal. On the military side, there was limited understanding and awareness of the roadmaps driving the commercial market or a way of influencing these developments. Closer coupling of future military needs with component manufacturers would benefit both. Many military customers are reluctant to share future directions due to competitive or security concerns. By utilizing COTS, minimal information needs to be shared on the application or integration and deployment costs can be reduced.


Based on the test results of the safety and hygiene items,the problems of t he textile gar-menture for export were analyzed,an d measures were discussed to cope wit h the green technical barriers on the international market.


Insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS‐1/2) are homologous adaptor proteins that mediate differential metabolic effects of insulin and insulin like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1). Tyr phosphorylation of IRS proteins by the insulin/IGF‐1 receptors creates interaction motifs for binding partners and subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt and Grb2/MAPK pathways. IRS protein interactions are further modulated by Ser/Thr phosphorylation in response to nutrient excess and stress. To determine the impact of nutrient sensitive Ser/Thr O‐GlcNAc modification of IRS‐2 on protein interactions and the potential interplay between phosphorylation and O‐GlcNAcylation, the modifications of human IRS‐2 were characterized by tandem mass spectrometry. The protein was immunoprecipitated from HEK293 cells grown in the presence of the O‐GlcNAcase inhibitor, PUGNAc. The gel purified protein was proteolytically digested and the peptides were separated and analyzed by nRP‐LC‐IT‐MS utilizing fragmentation by ETD and CID. This analysis has revealed four novel sites of O‐GlcNAc modification which are distributed throughout the IRS‐2 molecule. Two of the O‐GlcNAcylated residues are known sites of phosphorylation and may represent sites of reciprocal regulation by a kinase and the O‐GlcNAc transferase. Similar to previously characterized human IRS‐1, IRS‐2 is O‐GlcNAc modified within a C‐terminal domain shown to interact directly with the insulin and IGF‐1 receptors. These findings will facilitate determination of the functional effects of O‐GlcNAc modification on IRS‐2 mediated insulin and IGF‐1 signaling.


A kind of large-scale instruments and equipment sharing platform was used to open Laboratory teaching in pharmaceutical botany experimental center of College of TCM,China Pharmaceutical University. On the base of this platform,students can use the lab and instrument for open laboratory experiment by online booking,while the administrator can also control the lab and instrument online,which means the platform can automate the management of the lab and instrument. The application prospect of this platform on open laboratory teaching was discussed.


Objective To study the protective effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on spleen tissues.Methods Forty male mice were divided into 4 groups randomly(10 in each group): control group,benzene and formaldehyde group with no polysaccharide protection(benzene: 5 g/m~3,formaldehyde: 50 mg/m~3),low dose of Astragalus polysaccharides group with benzene and formaldehyde [Astragalus polysaccharides: 10 mg/(kg·d),benzene: 5 g/m~3,formaldehyde: 50 mg/m~3],high dose of Astragalus polysaccharides group with benzene and formaldehyde [Astragalus polysaccharides: 20 mg/(kg·d),benzene: 5 g/m~3,formaldehyde: 50 mg/m~3].The mice were exposed to benzene and formaldehyde 2 hours per day for 30 days continuously,and offered water with Astragalus polysaccharides,the mice were killed within 24 hours after the last exposure.The content of glutathione(GSH) and the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) were determined and detected in spleen tissues.Results The contents of GSH and the activities of GSH-PX in spleen tissues in mice from the Astragalus polysaccharides protecting groups were significantly higher than that of the benzene and formaldehyde group(P0.01),and had no significant difference to the control groups(P0.05).The activities of GSH-PX in spleen tissues of the low dose Astragalus polysaccharides protecting group were significantly lower than that of the high dose Astragalus polysaccharides protecting group(P0.01).Conclusions\ It is suggested that Astragalus polysaccharides could protect the spleen tissues from benzene and formaldehyde and better protection with higher dose of Astragalus polysaccharides.


Usefulness for decision making is the aim of accounting information disclosure.Reliability and relevancy of accounting information are the presumption of usefulness,but those two chapters are imcompatible.The financial report form from information perspective and from measurement perspective can satisfy the different needs of reliability and relevancy.The paper analyses the condition of the form of financial report,and proposes some suggestion to improve the effectiveness of accounting information.


Dyslipidemia or cholesterol is abnormally high blood lipid, because fat intake, especially of animal origin, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Some varieties of cholesterol adhere to the walls of arteries, reducing the space through which blood flows and increasing the risk of clogging. Thus it was thought necessary to conduct a study on the prevention of dyslipidemia in affiliates Care Unit Outpatient Social Security Institute of Portmore, through healthy living strategies: an experience of a group support network. This study design was applied field, bibliographic, descriptive, observational and descriptive correlate. Furthermore the survey patients and interview with Nutritionist, who provided them with information to understand the reality of patients with dyslipidemia, reaching the conclusion that one of the main causes that lead is down to ignorance on the consequences of dyslipidemia.


Ornaments and heavy implements made of Cu from the Rudna Glava Cu mine in Yugoslavia were dated to 5000 B.C., and the composition of the ore from the mine with respect to the composition of the artifacts, as well as the existence of a series of deep vertical shafts in the mine, showed the technology of Cu smelting during the time period. -- AATA


Two episodes of paleoredox fluctuation variation are indicated in some localities in the
late Cretaceous--early Tertiary ocean of western Tarim recorded by REE distribution patterns,
Ce anomalies, and Th/U ratios from systematic studies on the chemical composition, with
special reference to REE and 20 trace elements, based on 11 marine shell fossils occurring
in the Upper Cretaceous--Lower Tertiary strata of the western Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. The
factors Controlling the redox fluctuation may be probably caused by shifting places of
surface runoff put into the sea as a result of transgression and regression.


Embodiments of the present invention relates to content distribution networks, discloses a content delivery network based routing implemented method and related apparatus, systems. The method comprising: routing server receives the DNS request message sent by the DNS server; according to the IP address of the DNS server, to determine the group delay of the shortest edge server DNS server from a pre-established dynamic routing table, the dynamic routing table each edge server cluster for recording the size of each delay DNS server; selecting any one of the edge from the determined edge server in the server farm, and the IP address of the selected edge server through the DNS message to the DNS server responds to the IP address of the DNS server will select the edge server to the user terminal. Embodiment of the present invention can be quickly and accurately select the shortest delay to the user group of edge servers to provide services to users, improve service quality CDN.


It is known that the ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure in alloys is thermally unstable. An important task for the modern aviation engineering is to preserve the UFG structure in parts for responsible purposes after their production in order to maintain the high level of their mechanical properties. In particular, the solution to this task necessitates the reduction of the temperature of solid-phase bonding while ensuring the necessary quality of the permanent joint. It is known that along with the average grain size, the oxide surface layer can also significantly affect the solid-phase weldability of titanium alloys at low temperatures, but the latter has been extremely poorly studied. In this regard, the influence of an oxide film is considered for domestic two-phase titanium alloys VT6 (Ti-Al-V system) and VT8 (Ti-Al-Mo system), which differ in the main alloying element for the stabilization of the β-phase. As a result of the experiments, the absence of an oxide layer in the zone of solid-phase connection of the ultrafine-grained (UFG) VT6 alloy after welding in vacuum at a reduced temperature of 600°C was metallographically revealed. This has a positive effect on the quality of welded samples according to the conducted mechanical tests. A continuous oxide layer was found in the solid-phase joint zone after welding at a temperature of 600°C for the UFG alloy VT8. The experimental results indicate that the UFG titanium alloy VT6, doped with relatively "mobile" vanadium, has the potential to reduce the lower temperature of solid-phase welding in vacuum by 50°C in comparison with the titanium alloy VT8.


Supporting efforts to build efficacy in leadership capabilities and capacities is instrumental in the process of leadership development for education and leadership students. Research suggests that those individuals in their fields with a greater sense of efficacy tend to remain longer, with more success. While there has been much research to support the importance of efficacy and the positive benefits of study abroad experiences, this case study examines the self-described changes in participants' perceptions of leadership styles at the completion of a study abroad program. A qualitative case study describes the changing perceptions using composite narrative, in effort to maintain the anonymity of the seven participants. The article reports the findings of seven interviews (six complete and one partial) with students who participated in the trip and corresponding coursework prior. It examines three aspects of leadership: changing perceptions of leadership, altering individual leadership styles, and improving confidence and competence in leadership abilities.


Abstract THE importance of alfalfa meal as a source of vitamin A in animal nutrition makes it imperative to know under what conditions of storage the vitamin A activity in the meal may best be maintained. Since the vitamin A activity of plant tissue is largely, if not wholly, based on its carotene content, the loss of vitamin A potency during storage can be measured by means of carotene determinations. Several investigators have reported on the stability of carotene in plant tissues. Russell, Taylor, and Chichester (1934) found no loss of carotene in finely ground alfalfa stored for two to three months in vacuo at 0° ± 5°C. Fraps and Treichler (1933), however, observed a 50 percent loss in the vitamin A activity of alfalfa meal stored for 11 months at room temperature. Later Fraps and Kemmerer (1937) reported that the loss of carotene in alfalfa meal was less when the . . .


Factoring is a dynamic and promising segment of the financial market in the Russian Federation. The empirical analysis of the field shows the new trends in the factoring market.


Proper path estimation and then tracking it accurately is challenging task for any Automated Vehicle(AV) on industry floor. The paper proposes an algorithm which uses computer vision along with fuzzy control to estimate and track the path for any orientation and position. The computer vision techniques are used to detect and locate the target in the neighborhood environment. The optimal path between initial and final target with specific orientation requirements of vehicle is considered to be governed by cubic curve fitting technique. The fuzzy inference based control system effectively tracks down the estimated path which eliminates iterative updates and heavy computations. Genetic algorithm is implemented to select optimal input and output membership functions. The path tracking uses Mamdani fuzzy inference model which performs smoothly with very less computational complexity. The results obtained from experiments demonstrate that the algorithm is simple to implement yet effective in target tracking in complex environment.


In seeking to explain the decline of Yiddish drama in America after its "first Golden Age" (1892–1902), contemporary critics and later historians have primarily blamed the rapid proliferation of vaudeville and moving pictures. Above all, the collapse of literary drama has been described as a direct consequence of the growing popularity of Yiddish variety shows among Jewish immigrant audiences.The Yiddish press, socialist papers in particular, frequently blamed the Yiddish music halls for the decline of literary drama. The tone was set by Abraham Cahan, the editor of the Jewish Daily Forward (Forverts) in a series of articles that appeared in the Tsaytgayst, the Forward's weekly supplement, in October 1905. Bernard Gorin, the first historian of the Yiddish stage, also concluded that success of the music halls destroyed the movement for a better Yiddish drama. Di geshikhte fun yidshen teater, 2 vols. (New York: Literarisher ferlag, 1918), vol. 2, 178–80. Others followed his lead. For instance, Nahma Sandrow, Vagabond Stars: A World History of Yiddish Theater (1977; Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1996), 161. Recently, Nina Warnke presented a far more elaborated analysis of the rise and decline of Yiddish literary drama, but again she does not seriously challenge the predominant view that the Yiddish music halls were to blame for the crisis in the Yiddish theatre. Nina Warnke, "Reforming the New York Yiddish Theater: The Cultural Politics of Immigrant Intellectuals and the Yiddish Press, 1887–1910" (Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, May 2001), esp. 195. In film history, it is widely assumed that the movies killed ethnic theatre (both "legitimate" and vaudeville theatre). E.g., Miriam Hansen, Babel and Babylon: Spectatorship in American Silent Film (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991), 103. The fact that the cultural and financial position of the "legitimate" Yiddish stage declined in a period in which Yiddish music halls flourished and moving pictures achieved large-scale commercial exploitation certainly suggests a correlation between these phenomena. Yet, as I will argue, there were also more structural economic forces at work in shaping the fate of the American Yiddish theatre, forces that were determined by the stringent conditions of the ethnic marketplace.


Starting from 2-(6-methoxy-1-methyl-9H-carbazol-2-yl)ethylamine and 2-methylisonicotinic acid, 9-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-1-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole (5) was obtained. The new compound showed significant cytostatic activity for cultured L1210 cells and no inhibition of growth of the E. coli O56 strain was observed. The bactericidal activity of normal human serum against E. coli O56 was not affected by the examined compound 5 and its isomer 4.


In this passage, we introduce the theory and the method of measuring isostatic pressing strength of hollow glass microspheres' by Mercury-injection Apparatus. We show in detail that how to measure isostatic pressing strength of hollow glass microspheres' We also get some results in this way by comparing with the results of 3M's,and the error is less than 2.85% .We analysize the reason of the error. This way is simple and accurate. Its repeatability is very good and it's suitable to measure isostatic pressing strength of all kinds of hollow glass microspheres'. The requirements of production and scientific research could be satisfied.


The connotation of humane includes humane knowledge,humane inspirit and humane behavior.The actuality of the present age college, students' humane accomplishment is not very well. This paper analyzes the current state and its reasons of the college students' humane accomplishment,and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures.


This paper describes the structural and compositional pattern of forest communities in the temperate and sub-alpine zones of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve. It gives information about 344 species belonging to 227 genera and 95 families of vascular plants recorded between 2100 to 3600m amsl. These species include 40 trees, 64 shrubs and 240 herbaceous species distributed within 13 forest communities. It was found that the density of trees, seedlings, saplings and shrubs was higher in temperate zone than sub-alpine zone. However, density of herbs was lower in temperate zone in comparison to sub-alpine zone. This paper also gives information on distribution of native, endemic, economically important and rare-endangered species in different communities. Finally, the communities and species have been prioritized for conservation.


IT IS DIFFICULT to deal briefly with the reception of existentialism in the United States. The response to even one or two of the writers who are often lumped together as "existentialists" could easily be made the subject of a monograph, and to deal adequately with about ten writers in a single essay is impossible. Broad generalizations about "existentialism," on the other hand, are bound to be of very dubious value if it is not clear to whom precisely they apply. What is needed is a combination of generalizations with attention to the individual "existentialists." I shall first attempt a sketch in very broad strokes of the influence of European on American philosophy before 1930. Next I shall ask what existentialism is, and ofTer first an ostensive, historical definition and then a more analytical answer that brings out what the so-called existentialists have in common. After that I shall briefly consider the reception of the major figures, one by one; and in the end I


Gain switching is proven to be an effective technique for semiactive damping of vibrating structures. Typically, switching control is based on convex, in particular quadratic, Lyapunov functions, which impose conservative solutions. In this brief we propose a switching technique based on ad hoc nonconvex Lyapunov functions, recently introduced in the literature. Remarkable advantages can be shown by considering well-known criteria such as L2 and H∞. We propose a switching strategy based on the minimum of quadratic Lyapunov functions and we show that such a strategy outperforms the effect achieved with the optimal constant gain. Explicit bounds can be assured. The scheme is amenable for implementation as very simple tools such as Lyapunov and Riccati equations are involved. Results are also validated by simulations of a realistic building structure under seismic action, based on the recorded data of the El Centro earthquake.


This work presents an empirical property-based model to describe web-based vulnerability. We define a web application using a new descriptive model with pre-condition, behavior, entity and communication property sets. The Vulnerable Property Relationship Graph (VPRG) defines a vulnerability as vulnerable properties in application with relations to other properties in cause- and consequence-relationships. The Vulnerable Property Relationship Matrix (VPRM) is used to quantify the existence vulnerability and to measure its impact according to the relations of vulnerable properties to other properties in execution of the web application. A severity score calculation is proposed based on VPRM: the vulnerability severity score is typically the sum of consequence as a result of state changes of every evolving property in the vulnerable property relationship model. The prototype model is applied to a case study involving specified web vulnerabilities.


We report the total synthesis of (+)-milbemycin β3 from the optically pure precursors spiroacetal (3) and vinyl iodide (2), and the aromatic aldehyde (4).


We study Bd → KS decay in extra down-type quarks (EDQS) model with a non-universal Z boson associated with flavor changing neutral currents (FCNCs) at the tree level. With the up-to-date experimental data of Br(Bd → KS), SKS, and AKS, we derive the bounds on the Z-b-s coupling parameter |Ubs| and the new weak phase , using the constrained parameter spaces, we finally give predictions for Bs → decay, which could be tested at the Fermilab Tevatron and the LHC-b experiments.


【Objective】 To investigate experiences on clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of stromal tumor of small intestinal.【Methods】 Clinical data of 31 cases with postoperative pathologic diagnosis from May 2000 to May 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.【Results】 The age of the patients ranged from 29 to 81(average 57.5±3.6) years.The major clinical signs included gastrointestinal bleeding,Vague pain over abdominal region.The detection rates by enhanced spiral CT,digital subtraction angiography(DSA) were much higher,Laparoscopic or open small bowel resection was carried out in 27 cases,and irresectable tumor was treated by imatinib mesylate in 4 cases;The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 120 months(average 70.8±5.6 months).The 1-,3-,and 5-year disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) rates were 90.8%,61.8%,and 52.7%,and 95.5%,73.2%,and 65.7%,respectively.【Conclusion】 Small intestinal stromal tumors are rare tumors of alimentary tract,The detection rate can be improved by rational auxiliary examination,The most effective therapy is operation removal,imatinib mesylate has satisfactory pathiative effect on late staged patients.


We describe a novel runtime system that integrates a task model with RDMA communication and software caching. For evaluating the runtime system, we design two microbenchmarks and implement three applications: Barnes-Hut, Sparse triangular linear solver, and Monte Carlo particle tracking. The resulting codes are simpler, since load balancing across cores and latency hiding are hidden in the runtime. This also results in them performing better than state-of-the-art implementations of the same algorithms by up to 13, 10.8, and 3 times, respectively.


The present invention aims at providing a higher can be used in a temperature range, further small temperature dependency high temperature region piezoelectric element material of resistivity exceeding 400 ° C.. Growing a single crystal from a solution in an inert gas atmosphere containing an oxidizing gas and then, the molar fraction of the oxidizing gas in the inert gas (z), than the molar fraction of the oxidizing gas in the growth step also characterized in that for cooling is lowered.


As an introduction to the present paper, I desire to pay a brief tribute to a distinguished member of the Medical Society of the State of New York, whose valuable contributions to the subject under discussion may be appropriately recalled. I refer to Dr. Gouley, of New York, who occupies a peculiarly important position in the history of the evolution of the operative treatment of prostatic hypertrophy. Dr. Gouley was one of the only two surgeons to whom it may be said that we owe the transmission and the keeping alive of the operative treatment of this disease from the time at which its originator, the distinguished French surgeon Mercier, left the field, to that at which it entered upon its modern period, approximately the interval between I865 and i886, the other being Bottini. For the first ten years or so Dr. Gouley was the solitary one to observe in any systematic sense, and to appreciate the possibilities of, the operative treatment. The insistent advocacy of Bottini for the modification of Mercier's operation which he introduced did much to strengthen the position of Gouley, and though it was many years before either of their procedures received adherents, yet their service was not a slight one. But it is more especially to the particular


The digest is a result of the publication of the conference materials on environmental history. The keynote of the digest is the discussion on the possibilities and limits of constructing Eastern Europe as a special ecological and historical region. The structure of the digest is presented in several thematic clusters: infrastructure and environment, the perception of the landscape, the effects of collectivization and modernization of the agricultural sector, protection of nature and environmental movements. The authors of the digest are united by the understanding of common principles of the relations between man and nature at the level of everyday life structures in most parts of Europe, as well as by the thesis of relative independence of modern concepts of how natural world has been explored from ideologies. However, those findings did not link the entire collection. Ecological cooperation in the socialist camp, or issues of industrial pollution are beyond the analysis; the environmental lobby is seen as undifferentiated monolith. The "gap" between the conceptual stance of collectors and its content can be considered as an invitation to the reader to think independently and to the colleagues to do further research.


Introduction:
 Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
 (
 ECPR) is associated with improved neurologically favorable survival for refractory ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) arrests. Women are known to have less coronary artery disease, and it is unknown if the lack of a reversible cause would be associated with worse outcomes after ECPR.

 Hypothesis:
 We hypothesize that female gender may be associated with worse outcomes after ECPR.

 Methods:
 Patients who presented for refractory VT/VF arrest between 2015 and 2021 were included. The primary outcomes included overall survival at 36 months and neurologically favorable survival on discharge (Cerebral Performance Categories scales of 1 or 2). Secondary outcomes included cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) time, median lactate level on presentation, and bystander CPR.

 Results:
 Out of 357 patients who presented for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 68 patients (19%) were female. The median age for females was 57 years (IQR 57-52) and for males was 59 years (IQR 50-66). Women were more likely to receive ECPR and not to be excluded (5.9% of women were excluded vs. 14.9%, p=0.048) and were less likely to have obstructive coronary disease on coronary angiogram at presentation (39.5% vs. 62.9%, p=0.005). There was no difference in neurologically favorable survival based on gender (39.1% in women vs. 33.7%, p=0.42) nor 36 months survival (p= 0.58, figure). There was also no difference in median CPR time (62 minutes (IQR 51-76) in women vs. 59 minutes (IQR 45-70), p=0.16), median lactate levels (11.5 mmol/L (IQR 8-14.8) in women vs. 11.6 mmol/L (IQR 8.7-14.7), p=0.95), and in receiving bystander CPR (65.6% in women vs. 70.1%, p=0.49).

 Conclusion:
 There is no difference in neurologically favorable survival or overall survival based on gender in ECPR patients who had an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, despite the difference in the prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease on presentation.


Ni(C2H5OH) (/-C4H9NC)C12 and nickel acetylacetonate are effective catalysts for the polymerization of isocyanides. Protic solvents and the presence of an acid accelerate the polymerization in case of nickel acetylacetonate. The reaction products are characterized as poly-SchifT bases. Upon treatment with acid the polymers of primary alkyl isocyanides rearrange to polycyanides.


We consider the minimum number of variables required for symmetric mutual exclusion and related problems. The symmetric. mutual exclusion problem takes the standard shared memory mutual exclusion problem and adds the restriction that the the only way of distinguishing processes is by comparing identifiers, which are unique. This type of system is an analog of the anonymous ring 121. Truly anonymous shared memory systems cannot do anything useful.because of the impossibility of distinguishing identical processes [3], and asynchronous steps make it impossible to determine what a process is doing. Bounds for the number of shared variables for asymmetric mutual exclusion were known, but no lower bounds were known for symmetric lockout-free or deadlock free mutual exclusion. We prove that 2N1 variables are necessary and sufficient for any Iockoutfree symmetric. mutual exclusion algorithm. The lower bound holds even if comparisons between unequal identifiers can provide an arbitrary amount of information about identifiers. Also N variables are necessary and sufficient for deadlock free symmetric mutual exclusion. We prove that [log NJ + 1 variables are necessary and sufficient for symmetric leader election, even if asymmetric solutions are allowed. Other problems such as leader election with required participation and process numbering are also considered. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission. @ 1989 ACM 0-89791-324-4/89/0008/0177 $1.50 1 Introducjion When mutual exclusion algorithms are discussed, it is usually assumed that the processes know their relative positions, so Ps knows it is the 5th process and can choose to write variable 11s accordingly. But in some cases, while each process has an identifier, but there are many more identifiers than processes, so identifiers cannot be easily used to index variables, or the structure of the identifiers may not allow indexing. For example, there may be millions of process identifiers but the number of processes, N, might be only in the hundreds. In this situation, a variable cannot be reserved for each identifier, because of the large number of variables required. Hashing or other techniques can rarely guarantee the unique number necessary for asymmetric protocols, assuming the original identifier is available in an appropriate form. Given this constraint on indexing, we want algorithms that can solve mutual exclusion type problems. We assume that identifiers can be written, read and compared for equality, but there is no way of looking inside any identifier. This gives the symmetric mutual erclusion problem. In the most restrictive case, it is assumed that the only operations allowed are copying identifiers and comparing for equality. The other extreme for symmetric systems might allow extraction of an arbitrary amount of information about identifiers from a comparison. Our model is the standard atomic read-write shared memory model. (No test-and-sets or similar operations allowed.) Our principle measure is the number of shared variables required to solve the given problem. In some cases, bounds on time and size of shared variables will


The organ of heart and the brain conscious activity belong to the category of heart in TCM. The function of heart means consciousness controlling, circulation, and sweating and those symptoms could be reflected on patient's face and tongue. The personal hypothesis of spontaneous sweating is deficiency of qi and blood and opening of pore of sweat gland.. The hypothesis of night sweating is rest of circulation at night due to yin-deficiency.


Precancerous lesions of the nasal cavities were induced by a large dose of DNP subcutaneous injection 12 times in 45 days in 12 rats. Cancerous lesions developed in all the animals when the observation period prolonged to 160 days. It suggests that the abnormal differentiated proliferation of the basic cells, which is reconized in the process transforming from the normel epithelium to well-differendiated carcinoma, should be always observed.Carcinogenesis of the nasocavity was inhibited by N-(4-Ethoxycarbophenyl) Retin-amide (RI). The mechanism Probably is the results of inhibitiing or reversing effect on the squamogenesis in the process of carcinogenesis.


In rapid sampling of oceanic scalar microstructure, conductivity measurement offers advantages over temperature measurement in that conductivity probes can be designed to have fixed, free-flushing sample volumes, and their response is not limited by thermal diffusion times (an inherent problem with temperature sensors). Development of a "dual-needle" microstructure conductivity instrument is described, from its first use as a reference cell on a dynamic sensor calibration facility (salt-stratified tank) to more recent modifications and use in the open ocean. The cell used in the ocean had a centimeter-scale spatial resolution, compared with the millimeter-scale resolution achieved with the smaller version used in the stratified tank. An rms noise level of 1 \times 10^{-6} s/m was achieved over a 1 to 100 Hz bandwidth (which at constant salinity corresponds to an equivalent rms temperature noise of 10 microdegrees C).


The magnetic activity in dwarf stars with shallow convective envelopes is addressed by studying the C II (1335 A) and soft X-ray surface flux densities in relation to the stellar rotation velocity. The C II emission from the acoustically heated basal atmospheric component increases with increasing effective temperature up to at least B−V≃0.25, reaching a level of about 8 10 4 erg cm −2 s −1 for early F-type dwarf stars, i.e. about half of their typical C II emission. A relationship between rotation rate and level of magnetic activity is found to extend down to at least B−V≃0.25 (A9V), although the C II emission associated with the magnetic activity at B−V=0.25 is suppressed by a factor of about 100 as compared to stars cooler than B−V≃0.60 (G1V) with the same rotation rate


The prostaglandin analogue 12-epi-PGF2α (2) has been synthesized from optically active cis-4-t-butyldimethylsilyloxy-2-cyclopenten-1-ol (4b) in 4 steps in an overall yield of 21%. An extremely efficient Pd(Ⅱ)-mediated, three-component coupling reaction is employed to obtain the key intermediate 9.


After introducing the structure,principle and instalment matters atended for electronic scale(a weighing and measuring device)in steel plants,the paper analyses the common failures in major components and elaborates the methods to prevent and remove the failures from various angles.


A discussion of the ways in which the objectives of migration studies could be achieved by combining information derived from various field study techniques.


This paper studies the welfare effects of introducing a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Its premise is that CBDC is a new product in the market for liquidity where it competes with both commercial bank deposits and credit lines used for payments. If the central bank offers CBDC but not credit lines, then it interferes with the complementarity between credit lines and deposits built into modern payment systems. This effect dilutes benefits from new technologies that allow for cheaper provision of deposits, to the point where introducing CBDC may reduce welfare. A similar argument applies to stablecoins and other "deposits-only" forms of liquidity provision.


Many natural language processing (NLP) applications require the computation of similarities between pairs of syntactic or semantic trees. Many researchers have used tree edit distance for this task...


Safety analysis is a fundamental problem in authorization models. Safety decidable models provide theoretical foundations for decentralized security administration. Attributes of objects are central to usage control authorization models. It has previously been shown that inclusion of a single infinite attribute leads to undecidable safety, even without any creation of objects. Therefore unrestricted inclusion of infinite attributes is not possible in a safety decidable model. On the other hand, it has recently been shown that the safety problem for the pre-authorization usage control sub-model with finite attribute domains, called <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${PreUCON_A^{finite}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="pv-ieq1-2839745.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, is decidable even with unbounded object creation. A major limitation of finite attributes is the inability to link objects through attribute values in presence of unbounded object creation (since attributes that reference other objects must be infinite in this case). It would be desirable to have safety-decidable attribute-based models which include both finite and infinite attributes (necessarily with some restrictions). This paper develops a pre-authorization usage control sub-model, called <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${PreUCON}_A^{id}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="pv-ieq2-2839745.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, with attribute domains solely comprised of infinite object identifiers with considerable restrictions on how these attributes can be updated. Safety decidability for <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${PreUCON}_A^{id}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="pv-ieq3-2839745.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is proved by defining the notion of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\omega$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ω</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="pv-ieq4-2839745.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-equivalent usage configurations, and showing that the reachable set of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\omega$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>ω</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="pv-ieq5-2839745.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-equivalent usage configurations is computable and can be used to answer safety questions. The utility of such models in practice is illustrated by means of an example. The paper further shows that addition of even a single finite domain attribute to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${PreUCON}_A^{id}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="pv-ieq6-2839745.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> results in undecidable safety. These results indicate that combining finite and infinite attributes in a safety decidable model is a challenging task, which will likely require carefully crafted restrictions on updates to these attributes. The formulation of such a model remains an important open question.