Introduction. Quality of life (QoL) indicators in case of chronic heart failure (CHF) are associated with a number of clinical and instrumental indicators, which makes it possible to consider its assessment as one of the leading indicators of its severity. From a practical point of view, the identification of QoL indicators as the markers of CHF severity in patients with concomitant iron metabolism disorders, including different variants of latent and manifest iron deficiency (ID)is rather interesting.
Purpose. To compare QoL parameters by means of MOS SF-36 and MLHFQ questionnaires in patients with CHF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction with different iron deficiency types.
Materials and Methods. 152 patients with CHF functional class (FC) II-III according to NYHA with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) of hypertensive and ischemic etiology with/and without iron deficiency (ID) were examined. All patients were divided into three clinical groups: the first clinical group (which is presented as a comparison group) amounted to 30 (19.7 %) patients with CHF with reduced LV EF without ID, the second one amounted to 60 (39.5 %) patients with CHF with reduced LV EF and latent ID, which included a number of patients with functional and absolute ID and the third clinical group amounted to 62 (40.79 %) patients with I-II severity degree of concomitant iron deficiency anemia (IDA). In order to assess QoL, all patients were interviewed using MOS SF-36 and MLHFQ. The comparison of the obtained findings was carried out among groups of patients with CHF with reduced LV EF without iron metabolism disorders, with functional ID and absolute ID, and among groups of patients with CHF with reduced LV EF without iron metabolism disorders, with I degree of IDA and II degree of IDA.
Research findings. It was detected that in comparison with the group of patients without ID, QoL indicators according to MLHFQ questionnaire in patients with functional ID and absolute ID were significantly worse – 49.5 versus 53.5 (p = 0.05) and 60 points (p = 0.009), respectively. Physical health (PH) in these groups was 37.9 (p = 0.033) and 37.2 (p = 0.0068), respectively, which significantly differed from PH value in the comparison group – 41.2 points. In patients with functional ID and absolute ID lower PH values were detected due to significantly worse indicators of physical functioning (PF), role-physical functioning (RP) resulting from physical condition and general health (GH). Similar results were obtained during the analysis of QoL in patients with IDA of different degrees. In patients with mild IDA and moderate IDA as compared to the group of patients without ID, QoL indicators, according to MLHFQ questionnaire, were significantly worse (p = 0.007) and (p < 0.00001) 57 and 62 versus 49.5 points, respectively. In addition, it was detected that PH value according to SF-36 questionnaire results in the groups with IDA was also significantly lower than PH value in the group without ID due to low values of PF, RP and GH and amounted to 36.8 (p = 0.01) and 33.6 (p < 0.00001) versus 41.2 points, respectively.
According to the conducted analysis, mental health (MH) decreased with the presence of functional and absolute ID and with an increase of IDA from mild to moderate degree, however significantly lower value was detected only in the group with moderate IDA as compared to the group of patients without ID (p = 0.02).
In addition, a number of significant relations between QoL indicators according to MLHFQ, PH and MH scale SF-36 and hematological parameters and a number of iron metabolism indicators were detected during the study. This confirms the dependence of the patients' QoL on existing iron metabolism disorders.
Conclusions. Patients with CHF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and concomitant ID, regardless of the presence of anemia, are characterized by the worse QoL level as compared to the patient without ID. Whereas, latent functional and absolute ID has the same clinical relevance in terms of deterioration of QoL of patients with CHF. Reduction of iron metabolism levels can be considered as predictors of deterioration of patients' QoL and severe CHF.


In his studies on cultures,Terry Eagleton(1943-) has put forward an important theory,namely,the theory of culture wars,which was based on his interpretation on the definition of culture proposed by Raymond Williams(1921-1988).What it comes down to is the political reasons that why a cultural concept formed in pre-modern period has generated so much sensation in the post-modern society.It would posses an outstanding position when a culture has been treated seriously as a political power.Therefore,culture wars can not be avoided in the post modern society.There exist,because of the multi-definition of culture,at least three kinds of culture wars,namely,culture wars of virtue in which culture being a civilization;culture wars of nationality in which culture being an identity;culture wars of economy in which culture being a business and post modern phenomenon.


Jet grouting pile method is widely applied in soft foundation reinforcement because it has the merits of wide scope of application,good process effect,simple equipment,convenient construction,safely construction and nuisance free.


This executive order by Governor Mark Sanford orders the Director of the Department of Health and Human Services to issue an annual report on changes that may have impacted Medicaid spending.


A heating apparatus, comprising: a heating unit that generates heat according to electricity; and a power supply unit, which supplies AC power to the heating unit, and the electrical heating means a non-continuous pulsed manner energized at least at the beginning of the heating unit. The power supply unit opening and closing the control signals at least twice, and the control signal and the time of opening and closing of time defined by the opening and closing cycle is provided not an integer multiple of a period corresponding to the half cycle of the AC power source. The power supply unit are configured to open when the control signal and the AC power source voltage passes through the zero value of the electrical heating unit, the heating unit is stopped when the energization control signal turns off and the AC voltage passes through zero.


All activities which China has done in an effort to support the UN tend to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. Especially in recent developments, China's international human rights dialogues and cooperation are rather remarkable, including its membership to the Human Rights Council in 2009 and re-election for the next three-year term.


Two important geological issues have long been controversial in the Xing–Meng area of North China. The first concerns the final closure of Paleo-Asian Ocean in Xing–Meng area, and the other concerns the folding and lifting of the Xing-Meng Trough. The focus of thses issues is the Late Permian sedimentary environment, which is generally considered to be either an exclusively continental environment or from the closed inland sea environment in the Early to Middle stage to continental lacustrine environment in the late stage. In recent years, we have successively discovered abundant typical marine fossils (e.g., bryozoans and calcareous algae) in the Upper Permian thick limestone layer from Linxi County and Ar Horqin Banner in eastern region of Inner Mongolia and Jiutain County in Jilin Province. These significant findings have attracted the attention from fellow academics. The thesis selected the Guandi–Zhaijiagou section of Linxi County where marine fossils were first found as the breakthrough point to conduct research. This work discussed the molecular biomarker characteristics of source rocks in Linxi Formation for further exploring the Late Permian palaeogeographical environment in the Xing–Meng area. It will provide new evidence for major geological problems about the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.


We studied electromagnetic and hadronic longitudinal cascade shower fluctuations created by electron and pion beams with energies of 1, 2, 3, and 4 GeV at KEK. A prototype sampling calorimeter of lead and scintillator sandwich was constructed for future application in a linear collider and used for observing cascade showers. We investigated and formulated the behavior of fluctuations of electromagnetic and hadron showers using a correlation matrix with which we were able to separate the π 0 component in the hadron shower fluctuation. As an application, the relation between shower fluctuations and the energy resolution of the calorimeter has been studied.


Several algorithms for mapping Real-Time Structured Analysis models into Ada/Object-Oriented designs have been published recently. One of these algorithms, SA-2-Ad& has been implemented as part of an automated design generation tool. This paper describes several areas where a human designer can refine the conversion mapping to improve the resultant designs. Decisions made during the design creation process should involve the designer's preferences and several suggestions are advanced on how these preferences can be accommodated. Algorithm customization in this manner provides increased designer control over the design process while facilitating better understanding of the generated design.


The invention discloses a method for realizing self-detection of a hot-plug board card. A certain amount of address wires are increased in a corresponding groove position of a motherboard of communication equipment through a design method of combining hardware and software, the levels of pin address wires of the groove position and a corresponding board card are detected through a software mode, the address of the board card is identified according to the high-low level sequence of the address wires, and attribute information on the board card is read and stored; and all information realizes information interaction through a serial bus and a network management system so that the complexity of wiring is reduced and different states of the system can be automatically switched through the software. The method of the invention has the advantages of improving the universality and distributed layout of the board card, improving the intelligent degree of the communication equipment and lowering the production cost of the equipment.


Abstract. Post-collisional Mg–K-rich mafic rocks with associated granitoids appear regularly in most orogens. They are relevant to evaluate the mantle role in the genesis of granitoids and thereby of the continental crust itself. The most characteristic Mg–K mafic rocks in the Variscan Iberian Massif are appinites and vaugnerites. Two examples with associated granitoids from NW Iberia have been compared to assess their mantle and crustal sources and the magmatic processes involved in their formation. Related granitoids are tonalites, granodiorites and monzonitic granites. Available whole-rock major and trace element compositions, as well as Sr and Nd isotopes, were used for this comparison, along with new Sr–Nd isotopic data. The appinite–granitoid association is calc–alkalic, whereas the vaugneritic one is calc–alkalic transitional to alkali–calcic. Vaugnerites are more enriched in Mg and K, compatible and incompatible trace elements and display more fractionated rare-earth element (REE) patterns than appinites. Associated granitoids provide similar differences. Appinites and vaugnerites have Sr and Nd crustal isotopic signatures resulting from partial melting of a different subduction-type metasomatised mantle: amphibole spinel lherzolites for appinites and more refractory and deeper amphibole phlogopite ± garnet peridotites for vaugnerites. Further interaction of these basic melts with coeval granitoids occurred during their ascent and emplacement. The monzonitic granites derived from partial melting of metaigneous acid granulites, without discarding contribution of metasediments and/or an increasing role of biotite incongruent melting in those related to vaugnerites. An assimilation with fractional crystallisation process between appinite magmas and granulites could explain tonalites and granodiorites. This process was not confirmed for granodiorites related to vaugnerites.


The interaction of cisplatin with guanine DNA bases has been investigated using ab initio Hartree–Fock (HF) and density functional levels of theory in gas phase and aqueous solution. The overall process was divided into three steps: the reaction of the monoaqua [Pt(NH3)2Cl(H2O)]+ species with guanine (G) (reaction 1), the hydrolysis process yielding the adduct [Pt(NH3)2(G) (H2O)]2+ (reaction 2) and the reaction with a second guanine leading to the product [Pt(NH3)2(G)2]2+ (reaction 3). The functionals B3LYP, BHandH, and mPW1PW91 were used in the present study, to develop an understanding of the role of the distinct models. The geometries presented for the intermediate structures were obtained by IRC calculations from the transition state structure for each reaction. The structural analysis for the intermediates and transition states showed that hydrogen bonds with the guanine O6 atom play an important role in stabilizing these species. The geometries were not very sensitive to the level of theory applied with the HF level, giving a satisfactory overall performance. However, the energy barriers and the rate constants were found to be strongly dependent on the level of calculation and basis set, with the DFT calculations giving more accurate results. For reaction 1 the rate constant calculated in aqueous solution at PCM-BHandH/6-311G* (k1 = 7.55 × 10−1 M−1 s−1) was in good agreement with the experiment (5.4 × 10−1 M−1 s−1). The BHandH/6-31G* calculated gas phase rate constants for reactions 2 and 3 were: k2 = 0.9 × 10−6 M−1 s−1 and k3 = 2.99 × 10−4 M−1 s−1 in fairly good accordance with the experimental findings for reaction 2 (1.0 × 10−6 M−1 s−1) and reaction 3 (3.0 × 10−4 M−1 s−1). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006


ABSTRACT: Care for critical patients deserve great demand for professional support and attention, especially when it comes to a patient who is mechanically ventilated making use of enteral nutrition. Given the large number of patients in the ICU are in use VM, evidence describing the importance of training for nurses who are able to provide inherent monitoring of ventilatory parameters and alarms, mobilization, removal care secretions, heating and humidification of inhaled gases, as well as the control of the patient's hemodynamic conditions in order to minimize adverse effects. However, this care is redoubled when the patient is on enteral nutrition, where to watch the execution of the procedure, use of equipment, technical handling not to damage tissues and prevent infections. The completion of a procedure based on the best evidence makes care more patient-centered nursing and contributes to a reduction in complications.


The content of eggs and egg white, respectively, in various foods (pastes, mayonnaises, dressings, confections containing egg white, various ready-to- cook mixtures, ice creams, omelettes, custards, pie fillings etc) was assessed by radial immunodiffusion and preferably by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. The problem of partial ovalbumin denaturation during processing of dried eggs or egg white was overcome by using these products for the calibration of the method used. The method may also be applied to assess the degree of egg white contamination in mayonnaises in order to control the yolk and egg white separation during processing.


The article presents a vision of the concept Cities of the Future in Russia by Alexey Ryzhkov, the founder of Seven Suns Development, e.Development, and the Positive Changes Factory, a social investor and author of the "Brighter World" concept.


The utility model relates to a triaxial automatic screw locking machine which comprises a work table, a positioning device installed on the work table and a screw locking mechanism installed on the positioning device. The screw locking mechanism comprises an electric screwdriver, a screwdriver, a hollow barrel body, an extension adjusting mechanism installed in the hollow barrel body, a screw sleeve connected with the extension adjusting mechanism and used for a screw to be sucked, and an air sucking tube communicated with the extension adjusting mechanism. The screwdriver penetrates through the extension adjusting mechanism in the hollow barrel body and extends out of a lower opening of the screw sleeve. The screwdriver can be replaced according to the screw size, different models or materials of screws are sucked automatically, the screw is locked into a screw hole, the generality is strong, and the positioning accuracy is high.


Laser trackers (LTs) are indispensable instruments in large-scale dimensional metrology. Nevertheless, geometric errors are prone to increase in site environments due to the occurrence of mechanical and optical misalignments, which deteriorates the measurement accuracy of the LT. The geometric error parameters are difficult to determine by traditional measuring or calibrating approaches. In this article, a classification calibration method is proposed without any other etalons or instruments that accurately estimate the geometric error parameters in a site environment. First, to determine the environmental sensitivity error parameters, a refractive index correction model in a variable temperature environment is constructed, which performs well in reducing the interference of environmental temperature fluctuations. Subsequently, a spatial measurement network is established to determine two-face sensitivity error parameters using the difference between the frontsight and backsight measurements of the targets. Finally, the two-face nonsensitivity error parameters are solved by minimizing the residuals of the coordinate transformation from each LT station to the reference frame. Indeed, the effects of temperature fluctuation and geometrical misalignments on the measurement accuracy are deeply analyzed, which provide meaningful guidance for calibration and compensation of the geometric errors of the LT. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by a series of site experiments. The results show that the length error is reduced to 0.030 mm on average, which is 44% lower than that of the network method.


The sound and associated stridulatory structures in males have been re‐examined in Micronecta batilla following a recent explanation of underwater stridulation for this species (King 1976). Observations are supported by scanning EM and analyses of the sound. A different stridulatory system has been seen to function, and its sound output has been reconciled with its structure and the presence of wear patterns on the pars stridens.


Data-driven decision making—orienting business decisions around data—drives major IT initiatives across all business sectors. Although buzzwords such as "data-driven decisions" and its "big data" and "data science" cousins might be overused, underneath them lie real opportunities for organizations to understand and reflect on their processes and customers. Collecting the information is only the first step. A great deal of research has investigated the process by which people work with data: how they ask questions about it, make sense of it, and communicate with it. A critical part of this chain is information visualization tools. Visualization provides a powerful way to make sense of data. By mapping data attributes to visual properties such as position, size, shape, and color, visualization designers leverage perceptual skills to help users discern and interpret patterns in data. For a first foray into the information visualization field, see Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think1 and "Interactive Dynamics for Visual Analysis."


The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of aluminum nanospheres, nanorods, and nanodisks was studied using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. From the simulation results, optimal dimensions of nanospheres, nanodisks, and nanorods for refractive index sensitivity (RIS), line shape broadening (FWHM), and figure-of-merit (FOM) are calculated for aluminum-based plasmonic nanosensors. Our calculated results show that aluminum is an efficient plasmonic material for refractive index sensing from deep-UV to near infrared wavelengths. The RIS of aluminum nanospheres of optimal size is greater than gold and silver nanospheres. Further, RIS or FOM can be optimized in different spectral region by varying shape and dimensions. The optimization reveals higher FOM for nanospheres in the deep-UV region and for nanorods and nanodisks in the broad visible-NIR region.


The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is widely considered the signature problem of critical care. From the outset, it was understood not to be a lung disease but rather, a life-threatening clinical condition provoked by diverse stimuli (1).


Aiming at the shortage of differential accuracy of rapid tangent sigmoid tracking differentiator in tracking input signal and the slow convergence of tangent sigmoid tracking differentiator near the equilibrium point and the poor ability to suppress noise, a rapid tangent sigmoid tracking differentiator is designed by choosing tangent sigmoid function, linear function and terminal attractor function. The frequency domain characteristics are analyzed by sweeping test, and its stability is proved. In the tracking differentiator of rapid tangent sigmoid function, the continuous function form of linear and non-linear combination effectively improves the tracking and differential ability of the system, and the terminal attractor function effectively suppresses the noise, so that the tracking input signal has high precision and small error. The linear function accelerates the convergence speed when the state is far from and near the equilibrium point, and the form is simple. The numerical simulation shows that the tracking differentiator with fast tangent sigmoid function has excellent performance.


The effect of food-grade sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) alone or in combination with potassium sorbate (PS) on growth and toxin production by an enterotoxin A producing strain of Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. Growth of cultures was monitored by absorbancy readings (640 nm) at 5-hr intervals. Toxin production was determined by an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). SAPP (0.04%) in combination with PS (0.26%) was the most favorable treatment for inhibition of S. aureus growth. Concentration of toxin correlated with amount of growth in all treatments studied.


Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the relation between retinal vascular caliber and renal function in normotensive (systolic/diastolic blood pressure <140/90 mmHg) and never‐treated uncomplicated hypertensive subjects.


The disastrous consequences which have followed the "widespread impregnation of beer with small quantities of arsenic should make some of us who are in the daily liahit of ordering arsenic for our patients pause and think for a moment what may he the results of the prolonged use of such poison-containing prescriptions. A case has lately been recorded in which a man who had been a teetotaller for many months took again to drinking beer, and after consuming 36 pints in the course of three days quickly developed the now well-recognised symptoms of arsenical neuritis. It would thus appear that these symptoms were produced by a dose which probably did not exceed half a grain of arsenious acid. Suppose this to be so, let us consider what sort of doses of this drug


Suitable getting and giving and being lenient and being strict helping each other were two policies the rulers used in history.When he was young,Lu Jiuyuan wrote two model essays for taking part in keju examination. One was to praise the famous official Liu Yan in Tang Dynasty for his good ruling , discussed the dialectical relation between getting and giving and expressed author's ruling thought of suitable getting and giving . The other analyzed the disadvantage of being lenient and being strict helping each other , discussed the political thought of advocating moral and not advocating law and moral and law developing simulaneously which had the significance of ruling by law.The two model essays showed young Lu Jiuyuan's practical political thought and philosophical thought which had the feature with moral as basic point.These thoughts still have some significance today.


Background: the assessment of right ventricular function (RVF) is an important component of routine echocardiography study. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is easy and validated method of RVF but in many patients, this method may be difficult to apply due to inadequate apical window. So, we proposed that Subcostal Echocardiographic assessment of Tricuspid annular Kick (SEATAK) could be comparable to TAPSE. Aims of the study: they were to assess of RVF with a new arising method SEATAK, to determine the sensitivity & specificity of SEATAK and correlation between SEATAK & TAPSE with the degree of RVF. Patients and Methods: this study included 100 consecutive patients presented to our echocardiography lab with different clinical indications. Right ventricular function was assessed by the following parameters: RV Myocardial Performance Index (RIMP), TAPSE, Peak Systolic velocity of right ventricular basal free wall by TDI (TASVTDI), SEATAK and Fractional Area Change (FAC) as reference method for RVF assessment. Results: according to RVF using FAC, the patient were classified into 2groups,group with FAC ≥35% and other with FAC <35%. There was a significant statistical difference between both study groups according to TAPSE (cm), SEATAK (cm), P-Value ˂0.05. SEATAK was significantly correlated with TAPSE, TASV-TDI, and FAC values. SEATAK cutoff value ≥1.60 cm has the highest combined sensitivity and specificity of 86% &67% respectively for normal RVF (FAC ≥35%). Positive& negative predictive values are 72% &83%, respectively. Area under the curve equals 0.79, P-Value < 0.001. Conclusion: SEATAK is correlated with TAPSE, TASV-TDI & FAC for evaluation of RVF with cut-off value of SEATAK for prediction of normal RVF is ≥1.60 with sensitivity and specificity of 86% &67% respectively


Psychological studies often use higher sample sizes than studies in other sciences. A large number of participants helps to ensure that the population under study is better represented and the margin of error accompanied by studying human behavior is sufficiently accounted for. Further, human participants for research like this are often readily available and the experiment is quick and inexpensive to replicate. In this video we demonstrate this experiment using just one participant. However, as represented in the results, we used a total of 80 (40 for each condition) participants to reach the experiment's conclusions.


The predicting scoring systems help us to patients' classification in order to receive services and medical care. It seems one of reasons for not using these systems is unaware of staffs. The aim of this study was assessment the effect of training predicting scoring systems and applying SOFA on knowledge and attitude of nurses and specialists in ICU wards of educational hospital in Sari city.This pre-experimentalstudy was performed using a self-made questionnaireto assessknowledge andattitudes. After primary assessment, participants were trained and applied SOFA for three months. Evaluation was performedinfour stages;before training, 10 days after training, onemonth and threemonths afterSOFA application. Resultswere analyzed bySPSSsoftware, descriptive tests and repeated measurement.Results show that therewere 43(71.7%) female and mean age was 32.53±7.3 years. The average knowledge score was improved from very weak to excellent and the average attitude score was improved from moderate to excellent after three months of applying SOFA. Regarding the importance of these systems in the ICU management, we recommend this topic is included in nursing and medical curriculums. Also strategiesshould be considered forapplying themin all ICU wards in the country.


A novel design of micostrip bandstop filter (BSF) based on branch-line coupler structure is presented. The present BSF is obtained by modifying the branch-line coupler with open-circuits at the coupled and isolated ports. The usefulness of the present topology is demonstrated by comparing the filter performances with a standard two transmission line (TTL) signal interference BSF of same total electrical length. The proposed structure does not increase the physical dimension of the BSF, but improves the performance significantly. For given impedance ratio, the transmission zero separation bandwidth of the proposed BSF is always larger than the TTL-BSF. Measured prototype at 1.0 GHz validates the design approach.


In this paper,a fuzzy logic proportional integral derivative(PID) temperature-controller,which was fabricated on a Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA),was proposed to control the high temperature process of some instrument.The fuzzy logic was provided to adjust the PID paramerers by using a gain scheduling method.The results indicated that the fuzzy-PID controller had good solution effectiveness for the system,which had such problems as non-linearity,hystersis and physical model non-preciseness.


We have investigated the photoproduction process $\ensuremath{\gamma}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}+n$ over a wide range of energies and $u$ values at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) accelerator. We also have investigated $\ensuremath{\gamma}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}+{N}^{*++}$ at one value of $u$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}+{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}^{0}$, ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{0}$ at one $u$ value and three energies. Our results for $\frac{d\ensuremath{\sigma}}{\mathrm{du}}$ for the photoproduction of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ mesons from hydrogen are roughly $\frac{\ensuremath{\alpha}}{2\ensuremath{\pi}}$ of the corresponding cross sections for the elastic scattering of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ mesons from hydrogen. The $u$ dependence of our cross sections is not dominated by nucleon exchange as it is in the case of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}p$ elastic scattering.


This study addresses the relationship between the mechanical characteristics and the crystallographic structure of the rock as a function of temperature.The stress-strain behavior of granite was measured at temperatures from room temperature to 1 300 ℃,using an MTS815 hydraulic-pressure servo testing system.X-ray powder diffraction patterns of heated granite samples were obtained using a D/Max-3B diffractometer and crystallographry theory.The results of the mechanical and crystallographic experiments are compared.Mechanical and crystalline properties appear unchanged below 800 ℃.Above this temperature the strength decreases and the diffraction pattern becomes broader.This indicates a phase transformation leading to a change from brittle to ductile mechanical properties.At 1 200 ℃ the granite has lost most its load bearing capacity and the crystal structure has become disordered: This indicates a chemical reaction has occurred.These results show that the sudden change in rock mechanical properties at high temperatures are caused,in part,by a change in the composition and crystalline state of the rock.


Hesperid was extracted from orange peel with ethanol and microwave irradiation technology.The effects of concentration of ethanol,microwave power,irradiation time and liquid-material ratio were discussed.A quadratic regression models was founded and the process was analyzed by orthogonal test.The results showed that the extraction quantity of hesperid was 41.05% as the concentration of ethanol was 55%vol,microwave power was 400 W,irradiation time was 70 s and liquid-material ratio was 15∶ 1(g/g).The extraction quantity had increased 14.21%.


The addition of excess H_2C C(H)ER to (Pcy_3)_2Cl_2Ru C(H)R (1a,b) afforded a series of well-defined ruthenium carbene complexes, (Pcy_3)_2Cl_2Ru C(H)ER (ER = OEt (5), SEt (6), SPh (7), N(carbazole) (8), N(pyrrolidinone) (9)) in yields ranging from 66 to 90%. Such complexes containing an electron-donating group on the carbene carbon are often referred to as Fischer-type carbenes. Replacement of one phosphine ligand with 1,3-dimesitylimidazolylidene (IMes) afforded the respective mixed-ligand complexes (IMes)(Pcy_3)Cl_2Ru C(H)ER (11−14) in 48−89% yield. Alternatively, addition of H_2C C(H)OEt to (H_2IMes)(PCy_3)Cl_2Ru C(H)Ph (3a; H_2IMes = 1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazolylidene) afforded (H_2IMes)(PCy_3)Cl_2Ru C(H)OEt (15) in 93% yield. The crystal structures of complexes 5, 7−9, and 11 were determined and found to be structurally similar to the parent ruthenium alkylidene ([Ru] C(H)R) complexes. In solution, the chemical shift of the [Ru] C(H)ER resonance in ^1H NMR spectra was found to be inversely related to the electronegativity of the α-heteratom; however, no trends were evident in the ^(31)P or ^(13)C NMR spectra. Intramolecular coordination of the pendant amide carbonyl group to the Ru center established a temperature-dependent equilibrium between complexes 9 and 14 and their cyclometalated forms. All Ru electron-rich complexes initiated the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of strained cyclic olefins and the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) of diethyl diallylmalonate. A general trend in the relative reactivities and thermal stabilities of the (PCy_3)_2Cl_2Ru C(H)ER complexes followed the order C > N > S > O. In addition, complexes coordinated with an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand (e.g., (IMes)(PCy_3)Cl_2Ru C(H)ER) displayed enhanced activities in olefin metathesis and were thermally more stable than their bis(phosphine) analogues. Finally, the thermal decomposition product of (PCy_3)_2Cl_2Ru C(H)OEt was isolated and determined by X-ray analysis to be (PCy_3)_2ClRu(H)CO (10).


There are many differences between kindergartens and primary schools and children don't have proper adaptability during the transition.The reason of lack of adaptability and emerging problems during the transition is due to some loss existed in environment.The paper puts forward the ideas of creating ecological environment,the full using of education resources around children and making up the lack of the part with the overall strength in order to promote the connection of kindergarten and primary school.


1. The sign U81 to which has been attributed the syllabic value uD2 is often followed by the sign A which for grammatical reasons in some cases cannot have the syllabic value a. Therefore U8+A must be considered a compound graphemic unit which, as can be seen from the examples givell below, expresses not only /uDa/ but also /uDi/ and /U'U/.3 Since in some cases U8+A interchanges with U8, the latter can be explained as an abbreviated writing of the former.


The signal of wind turbine in vibration and noise testing is often very weak, and it subject to a variety of noise interference in the course of its transmission. The signal with the acceleration sensor caught is often manifested as the signal with weak characteristics in the context of strong noise. In signal analysis, signal de-noising is an indispensable key link. This paper adopting the Donoho's de-noising idea of wavelet threshold function {[1]}, improve and deeply research the Wavelet Threshold Function on the basis of the classical soft and hard threshold de-noising function. The improved threshold function is applied to the diagnosis of the vibration noise of the wind turbine. The signal is analyzed and the product is improved accordingly. The result indicates that the improved threshold function has obvious de-noising effects in comparing with the traditional soft and hard threshold function.


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Two modes of parable interpretation have dominated much of church history. The first and most dominant was allegorization, in which each element in the parable narrative was contrasted with a real life referent, thought to communicate an enigmatic or spiritual truth. In contrast to the allegorical exegetical method is the single-lesson interpretive model, which advocates that parables teach a single lesson. None of these interpretive models are adequate, for they either oversimplifying or unnecessarily allegorising the parables of Jesus. The model recommended by Blomberg, which views the parables as teaching one, two, or three lessons, contingent on the number of main characters in the parables, avoids the pitfalls on the two extremes, and ought to be adopted as the standard evangelical model.


Christian Mayoux passed away on the 29th of October, 2020, at the age of 84, in Muret, a small town near Toulouse in the south of France, where he used to live since ten years. Christian was born in Pamiers, France, in 1936. He received the Doctorate degree (PhD) in 1961 from the University of Toulouse from which Paul Sabatier University was established in 1969. From 1963 to 1966, he was lecturer at the University before joining the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the new born "Laboratoire de Genie Electrique de Toulouse" (LGET). The new lab was under the supervision of Professor R. Lacoste and focused its research on dielectrics and electrical insulation in the context of Electrical Engineering. The LGET researchers were fighting within the French research landscape to launch and organize the new domain of "engineering sciences". Christian Mayoux investigated the effects of electrical discharges on dielectric surfaces, trying to understand the chemical and physical processes at play at different stages of the interaction. Transformation of the surface for short interaction time with the emergence of specific surface properties, but also surface degradation for longer interaction time, with deleterious effects for the material withstanding were put forward. Following this, a new approach where the surface of a polymer was exposed to different species -electrons, ions, metastables, UV, etc. was brought about with the objective to understand the individual and synergetic effects of each of the energy sources present in a partial discharge. Christian was quickly recognized by the international community for this pioneering work then developed internationally. Later on, starting in 1976, he began to focus on electrical treeing phenomena, and later on water treeing, following at the same time the ideas that emerged from his initial work on partial discharges. On top of that, Christian Mayoux was at the origin of several research areas that are still very active in LAPLACE (the successor of LGET), among them the dielectric barrier discharges at atmospheric pressure that become homogeneous under given circumstances, the luminescence phenomena occurring when an electric field is applied to a dielectric, or the mechanical deformation of a polymer under high electric field. Christian Mayoux received many invitations for giving invited lectures either at international conferences or during seminars. He was awarded the Whitehead Memorial Lecture at the Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP) in 2000.


Recent social support theory predicts that people derive initial social support judgments about others from global qualities, such as attitudes, values, and personality. This article presents three studies that test this hypothesis. In Study 1, participants described the personal qualities and supportiveness of an individual from their social networks. Study 2 experimentally manipulated the personal characteristics of targets by using a hypothetical other paradigm. In Study 3, strangers participated in brief interactions, and then rated each other on supportiveness and other personal characteristics. In each study, persons were seen as supportive insofar as they were perceived as similar to subjects, and as being conscientious. As predicted, these judgments could be made with very little information about targets, and with no information about the provision of supportive behaviors. Further, the same information used to make initial support judgments was used in thinking about well-established relationships as well.


Background:Escherichia coli is the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTI). Current Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines recommend the use of fluoroquinolones when resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is greater than 10% to 20%. Identification of risk factors for fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli may provide information to help in choosing the optimal empiric treatment of patients with UTI. Objective:To identify risk factors for fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli in patients with UTI. Methods:Retrospective case control study of UTI caused by quinolone-resistant E. coli. Results:Risk factors for fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli UTI included recurrent UTI (odds ratio [OR], 2.28; P = 0.017), underlying medical disease (OR, 5.28; P < 0.001), urinary tract abnormalities (OR, 2.99; P = 0.002), prior hospitalization within the last 6 months (OR, 5.58; P = 0.032) and prior treatment with antibiotics within the last 6 months (OR, 13.72; P < 0.001). Isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin (94.9%), cepholosporins (79.7%), aminoglycosides (amikacin 97.5%, gentamicin 75.9%), and imipenem (98.7%). Conclusions:Fluoroquinolones should be used with caution in patients with UTI and risk factors for fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli.


Cosmic ray induced tracks have been studied in three Pribram stones, Luhy, Velka, and Hojsin. Track densities based on more than 500 tracks are in the range (1-8) × 10 to the 5th tracks/sq cm in the pyroxene grains. The intrinsic uranium concentrations of Pribram pyroxenes and olivines have been measured to determine fission contributions to track densities. These results clearly establish the primarily cosmic ray origin of the tracks. The pre-atmospheric radius of Pribram.


With Sumian 16 as control,the characteristics of fiber quality development of high quality upland cotton(G.hirsutum L.) Kemian 1 and Yumian 1 were studied.Compared with Sumian 16,rapid fiber elongation duration of Kemian 1 and Yumian 1 was slightly longer,and elongation rate during this period was significantly higher.Rapid fiber strength growth rate was also higher than that in Sumian 16.The cellulose content in cotton fiber increased slightly within 17 DPA(days post anthesis),increased rapidly after 17~(th) day,and reached the peak at about 45 DPA and became stable.IAA content in cotton fiber in Kemian 1 and Yumian 1 was higher than that in Sumian 16,which was beneficial to fiber differentiation and elongation.ABA content in fiber in Kemian 1 and Yumian 1 at 17 DPA was also higher than that in Sumian 16,which benefited the transformation from fiber elongation growth to secondary wall thickening.The ratio of ABA and IAA at 24 DPA was higher in Kemian 1 and Yumian 1,which was also beneficial to secondary wall thickening.


We recently developed a new method to extract a many-body phase-space dividing surface, across which the transmission coefficient for the classical reaction path is unity. The example of isomerization of a 6-atom Lennard-Jones cluster showed that the action associated with the reaction coordinate is an approximate invariant of motion through the saddle regions, even at moderately high energies, at which most or all the other modes are chaotic [J. Chem. Phys. 105, 10838 (1999); Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1, 1387 (1999)]. In the present article, we propose a new algorithm to analyze local invariances about the transition state of N-particle Hamiltonian systems. The approximate invariants of motion associated with a reaction coordinate in phase space densely distribute in the sea of chaotic modes in the region of the transition state. Using projections of distributions in only two principal coordinates, one can grasp and visualize the stable and unstable invariant manifolds to and from a hyperbolic point of a m...


Corn (Zea mays subsp. mays) is one of the economically most important crop species in the world. It is the cultivated species that perhaps shows the greatest genetic variability and currently more than 250 landrace varieties have been reported. The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic variability in corn landrace varieties from Southern Brazil using phenotypic and mo- lecular analysis. Eleven phenotypic traits were analyzed, of which eight showed significant differences, indicating distinction among the landrace varieties. Microsatellite (SSR) and AFLP markers were used in the molecular analysis. Both the phenotypic and molecular analyses in- dicated high genetic variability and also allowed the sepa- ration of the germplasm into groups of genetic similarity. The average similarity in the molecular markers analyses was 0.74. The results suggested that the varieties analyzed could be useful in corn genetic breeding programs.


Objective To demonstrate a case of suspected post-vaccine autoimmune encephalitis associated with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein (LGI1) antibodies with significant clinical improvement after initiation of immunotherapy nearly a year after symptom onset. Background Although the autoimmune encephalitides have overlap in presentation, some have unique manifestations (such as orofacial dyskinesias seen with NMDA encephalitis). These unique associations can serve as a clinical marker of response to treatment and even allow for earlier initiation of immunotherapy while awaiting results from antibody testing. LGI1 encephalitis characteristically presents with faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) that are refractory to anti-seizure medications (ASMs) but responsive to immunotherapy. Design/Methods Case report Results A previously healthy and highly independent 89-year-old woman developed what she described as abnormal posturing and spasms of the right shoulder two to three weeks after receiving the J&J COVID-19 vaccine. The abnormal movements progressed to involve the right side of her face and were refractory to multiple ASMs. EEG captured multiple events without epileptiform correlate. Several months later she developed paranoia, delusions, and hallucinations. Autoimmune encephalopathy panel returned positive for the LGI1-antibody around nine months after the onset of FBDS. Upon our initial exam, she had a fluctuating level of arousal, impaired recall of recent events, and was tangential in conversation. There were frequent, brief, repetitive, dystonic movements of the right side of the face consistent with FBDS. Admission was arranged for immunotherapy (intravenous methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin). Upon follow-up four weeks later, there was significant improvement in arousal and concentration with resolution of FBDS and delusions. Conclusions This case highlights a classic case of LGI1 encephalitis after vaccination presenting with FBDS and progressive cognitive changes. Despite immunotherapy being delayed, there was marked clinical improvement. It is important to recognize this entity and that it typically has a favorable outcome.


Caulobacter crescentus , a Gram‐negative α ‐purple proteobacterium, is an oligotroph that lives in aquatic environments dilute in nutrients. This bacterium divides asymmetrically. Part of this asymmetric cell division involves the formation of a prosthecum at one pole, referred to as the stalk, which replaces the flagellum of the motile swarmer cell. Little is known about the synthesis or function of the stalk. The stalk is an extension of the cell membranes and peptidoglycan layer, and stalk elongation is stimulated by phosphate starvation. In this study, we have taken advantage of two‐dimensional gel (2D gel) electro‐phoresis as well as the fully sequenced genome of Caulobacter to study the proteome of the stalk. We modified a stalk‐shedding mutant strain of Caulobacter crescentus to increase the yield of stalk material shed and performed 2D gel electrophoresis of purified stalks and cellular fractions. Comparison of the stalk 2D gel with the 2D gels of cell membrane and soluble fractions showed that the stalk is mostly free of cytoplasmic proteins and has a profile very similar to that of the cell membrane. Of the 172 proteins on a stalk 2D gel, we report the identification of 64 spots, corresponding to 39 different proteins present in the stalk of Caulobacter. The identifications include several TonB‐dependent receptors, two OmpA family proteins, a dipeptidase, GlpQ, two alkaline phosphatases, 3‐phytase, a putative TolC protein and 11 proteins of unknown function. These identifications are consistent with the hypothesis that the stalk plays a role in nutrient uptake.


It is very hard to control the production decline after the heavy heterogeneous reservoir enters the high water-cut stage. Huzhuangji Oilfield is used for example to comprehensively analyze the dynamic and static characters of the reservoir and the potential for its production. In combination with the practice of recent years, the technical standard for stratum reconstruction and subdivision and application effect in Huzhuangji Oilfield are emphatically introduced for the purpose of providing reference for the development of oilfields of the same kind.


In many forensic examinations and media authenticity verifications, it is essential to reconstruct the place where a photo was taken without having information such as GPS coordinates and other metadata available. In recent years, satellite imagery has been used in some of these reconstructions to map the image captured from the ground with the photos from above. This task, known as ground-to-aerial mapping, allows a very effective localization but remains a complex and time-consuming task. Deep learning-based methods allow for accurate automatic image matching; however, many of these solutions can be challenging to explain and, therefore, barely applicable in scenarios where it is necessary to justify the analysis. Consequently, in this paper, we propose a fully automated, explicable solution that is able to perform image-matching tasks based on a graph-based solution. Our proposed pipeline is composed of four stages in which we extract a graph representation of the images that we use for matching. Moreover, the designed pipeline improves previous related methods of 17.84% for the mean IOU top-1 and of 32.71% for the top-3.


Bioflocculants are essential polymers with their flocculating activity depending on the characteristics of the secreted flocculants by bioflocculant-producing bacteria. However, the characteristics of bioflocculant produced by microorganisms were not investigated profoundly. In order to better understand these characteristics, determination of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from bioflocculant-producing bacteria were characterized in terms of protein concentrations. A total of 51 bioflocculant-producing bacteria isolates were screened from Pacific whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei culture ponds in Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia. Screening of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were conducted through morphological approaches followed by protein extraction using Lowry assay method. The identified bioflocculant-producing bacteria includes Corynebacterium sp., Klebsiella sp., Lactobacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Streptococcus sp., Vibrio spp., Neisseria sp., Serratia sp. and Yersinia sp., with the highest protein concentration of 829 mg mL-1 were attained by Staphylococcus sp. The various amounts of EPS concentration produced by different species of bacteria were dependent on their specific population growth and growth rate. Therefore, the establishment of bioflocculant-producing bacteria isolated from biofloc which showed high tendency for EPS production were performed successfully.


Value creation is a constitutive and defining aspect in organizational ventures. This is unsurprising, as it is required for organizational survival and sustainability. Approaches based on the creation of economic, social and ecological value draw attention to the multiple and multiplicative nature of value creation. While academia still acknowledges the conceptual value of such approaches, a framework that add a psychological dimension to the established Elkington's triple-bottom line model seems particularly refreshing and inspiring. Relying on the concepts of psychological value and sustainability, this paper presents the outcomes of an exploratory empirical study involving managers and users/customers of four organizations in the social sector in Portugal. This study discusses how managers and users/customers of these organizations make sense of and value psychological value. The outcomes of the interviews with both managers and users/customers shed light into the unexplored, hazy and neglected analytical links that may exist between psychological value and broader perspectives on sustainability. We conclude that this novel approach enhances our understanding about the impact that a social product can have in societal sustainability.


Abstract : In todays fiscal environment, federal programs must be postured to conduct on-going tradeoff analyses to stay affordable as budgets are reduced and capabilities change or become more challenging to implement. This research focuses on recommended practices for conducting economic resource-constrained tradeoff analyses. The goal is to offer guidance to programs in making cost-effective affordability decisions that keep the program within its budget, or to find economic efficiencies if the program is currently affordable and within its budget.


The idea that the information about a physical object can be separated from the object itself and then mirror or twin that object is a concept referred to as the Digital Twin. The Digital Twin is receiving a great deal of interest from manufacturers who make advanced products that have all the characteristics of complex systems. While the Digital Twin concept is becoming better fleshed out and understood, there is much more work to be accomplished. Specifically, the characteristics of the physical product as these become smart, connected product system (SCPS or Physical Twin) need to be defined and described. The success of the Digital Twin model will rest on the value it creates for both the manufacturers and the users of their products. There will also be new issues, security among the most important, that need to be surfaced and addressed.


A series of novel binuclear ferro- and antiferromagnetic Cu(2+) chelates of structurally broadly varied Schiff bases (derived from o-tosylamino(hydroxyl)benzaldehydes and monoalkylated o-phenylenediamine, o-aminophenol, o-aminothiophenol, 1,2-diaminobenzimidazole, 1-aminobenzimidazoline-2-thione) and β-diketimines (derived from 2,6-di-i-Pr-aniline) has been prepared. The tautomerism of the ligands and structureof their copper complexes have been studied with the use of IR, 1H NMR EPR and EXAFS spectroscopy. Molecular and crystal structure of a β-diketimine copper dimer has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The magnetic measurements (2–300 K) performed for all the complexes showed that the ferro- and antiferromagnetic character of the exchange interaction depends both on the structure of the coordination site (origin of the ligating centers) and the structure of the ligands (in particular, on the type of the cycle annelated to the bridging fragment). Whereas S-binding metal chelates 13 (X = NTs, Y = S, R = H) are diamagnetic, the complexes 15 with annelated azole moieties are ferromagnetic.


The Valgaudemar valley, in the French department of Hautes-Alpes, is an exception in the tourism landscape of the Alps in that it does not have a ski resort. In this isolated valley, whose "back of beyond" location has made it marginal both geographically and economically, it was decided to base territorial development on a "re-anchoring" process that strengthened local ties with the surrounding high mountains. Taking a slightly different approach and working with a network of actors from the mountain activities sector should make it possible for "outsiders", the small, less conventional operators, to find their place in the tourism market. Geographic independence, once identified as a handicap, now seems, on the contrary, to be a generator of innovation through collective intelligence, thanks to the scope for action that the area enjoys through its independence of any established model of tourism development.


Satellite temperature will fluctuate during the circle from the Sun light to the Earth shadow, which may disturb the focusing job of the camera. That's the reason for positive thermal control been chosen for some satellites, particularly for the camera system. While for a micro satellite, considering the constraints of it, passive thermal control was preferred. The temperature range of camera will be a main consideration during micro satellite design. Hangtian-Tsinghua-1 (HT-TH-1) micro satellite, launched at Jun 28, 2000, is a joined mission of Tsinghua University and Surrey Space center. The imaging system on board, which has three cameras with 40-meter resolution, has been working perfectly after launch and a lot of pictures have been acquired. In view of the thermal design, HT-TH-1 has provided a comfortable environment for the satellite: the average temperature was about 25ºC in the past two years. It will be very constructive to study the temperature environment and the thermal design if a high-resolution imaging system is built on micro satellite platform. The telemetry data of temperature of solar panels and subsystem modules since lunched was analyzed in order to understand the main factors for the fluctuation. Finally, a conclusion of passive thermal design for camera is given.


Oxidative stress promotes intracellular changes that cause damage to the body leading to the development of various pathologies, and some sources of free radicals are present in our diet and also in medicines. The antioxidant compounds are used as defense mechanisms against free radicals and can be used in the food, cosmetics, beverages and pharmaceuticals industries. Spirulina platensis is a microalgae that has pigments (phycocyanin and carotenoids) and vitamins (ascorbic acid and tocopherol) responsible for its nutritional and therapeutic properties. In view of this, aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis front to damage caused by paracetamol, monosodium glutamate and by paraquat using as biological system cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using the method of cell survival. The results showed that the stress agents provoked high percentage of cell death. Spirulina platensis was able to raise significantly the survival of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae when compared to treatments that received only the stress agents. The microalgae showed antioxidant capacity, protecting cells against damage caused by paracetamol, sodium monoglutamate and paraquat, proving to be as an alternative source for use as a nutritional supplement rich in antioxidant.


Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy on Hematoporphyrin derivative in buffer at different concentrations of surfactants demonstrated disaggregation effects induced by the presence of these molecules. New molecular species were detected, with fluorescence decay times of ~ 0.7 and ~ 2.7 ns. Configurational changes were observed in covalently bound dimers. The reversibility of this phenomenon was evidenced by measurements at different temperatures.


ABSTRACT Current staggered-grid finite-difference (SFD) schemes for anisotropic wave equations can ensure only high-order spatial modelling accuracy, whereas the time discretisation accuracy is still of second-order. To improve temporal modelling accuracy, we develop a rectangular SFD scheme with fourth-order temporal accuracy to solve the first-order pseudo-acoustic wave equation in vertical transversely isotropic media. High-order temporal accuracy is achieved by applying the high-order temporal derivatives, which can be replaced with the high-order spatial derivatives to reduce the computational cost. The corresponding high-order finite-difference (FD) coefficients are generated by using Taylor-series expansion and least-squares. Dispersion and stability analyses indicate that our proposed method has higher accuracy and better stability than the conventional method. Several modelling examples confirm that our proposed scheme exhibits low temporal dispersion even for a large time step. Because of the high-order accuracy in time and space domains, our new SFD scheme allows for a larger time step and shorter operator length, which is more efficient.


This paper analyses the current economic achievement in Autonomous area and differences between east and west and expound that culture economics is the key word of huge economic development and point out that Autonomous area have its culture resource advantage and the system of regional national autonomy can provide security for culture economic development,on the basis of empirical research methods.


Rice husk powder (RHP) is an agricultural by-product, and this research is carried out to incorporate RHP with natural rubber latex (NRL) compound and is foamed to make natural rubber latex foam (NRLF) using the Dunlop method. The tensile properties of modified NRLF is studied and compared with the controlled NRLF (zero RHP loading). The morphology and micro structural characterization has been performed by tabletop microscopy (TM1000). The tensile strength decreases at 2.5 pphr but increases again with increasing filler loading. Elongation at break decreases, whereas modulus at 100% elongation (M 100) and hardness increases with increasing filler loading.


The work reports on zinc oxide bentonite nanocomposite (ZnOBt) chemical route synthesis, characterization, and investigation of curcumin (Cur) functionalization for a label-free colorimetric detection of total aflatoxins (AFs) in foods. XRD of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) confirmed the wurtzite structure (2θ = 36.2°) and that of ZnOBt showed the intercalated interlayer composite phase. The Debye–Scherrer relation calculated the crystallite size as 20 nm (ZnO) and 24.4 nm (ZnOBt). Surface morphology by SEM exhibited flower-like hexagonal, rod-shaped ZnO NPs on the bentonite surface. Colorimetric reaction involved two-stage redox reactions between ZnOBt and dye Cur followed by AFs phenolic group and Zn(Cur)OBt. Cur gets oxidized at its diketone moiety in the presence of ZnOBt to form a red colored complex Zn(Cur)OBt, which further scavenge protons from AFs phenolic group, and gets oxidized to AFs-Zn(Cur)OBt (yellow). Binding of AFs-Zn(Cur)OBt is characterized by FT-IR ascribed to C–H bending (1966.615 cm–1), O–H stretching (3256.974 cm–1), and C=O stretching (1647.362 cm–1). 1H NMR chemical shifts (δ) (ppm) showed an increase in proton at the aliphatic region (0 to 4.4) while removal of proton in ether at 4.4 to 6 regions. Job plot calculation using UV–Vis data resulted in a higher total AF binding coefficient of Zn(Cur)OBt (Ka = 3.77 × 106 mol–1 L) compared to Zn(Cur)O (Ka = 0.645 × 106 mol–1 L) as well as a molar ratio of 1:1 by the Benesi–Hildebrand plot equation. Corn and almond food samples showed the total AFs LOD of 2.74 and 4.34 ppb, respectively. The results are validated with standard LC/MS-MS in compliance with MRL value as per the regulatory standard (EU).The NP-based method is facile and rapid and hence can be utilized for onsite detection of total AFs in foods.


Nanocrystalline zinc oxide thinfilms have been prepared on glass substrates at different temperatures through planar RF-magnetron sputtering. The particle size reduction with respect to substrate temperature has been studied with x-ray 144 K. Saravanakumar et al diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopic (TEM) studies employing dark-field imaging reveals columnar growth of ZnO nano crystals with highly textured growth along [001]. The samples exhibit strong NBE emission at 388 nm followed by a weak and broad visible emission around 420-480 nm.


and semiological perspective; Manolo, from a multicultural and intercultural perspective. Second, the essays by John Foley, S.J. and Roc O'Connor, S.J. drill down beyond concerns surrounding liturgical music as part and parcel of the liturgical celebration and explore questions related to the liturgy as a form of ritual action. As Foley explains in the Preface, these latter essays address "how the root materials that compose ritual function" (vol. 3, vii). Foley's essay focuses on the importance of cultivating the Catholic imagination through sign and symbol and sacramental celebration; O'Connor upholds Christian mysticism as a possible antidote for the forms of polarization and "tribalization" (cf. vol. 3, 70) that have crept into liturgical celebration. Having begun the series with a reflection on kenosis, concluding it with a reflection on mysticism proves an apt decision on the part of the editor: the first step for the liturgical musician—or anyone who desires to live as a disciple of Jesus Christ—must be a self-emptying so that one may learn to "[attend] to the presence of God in all things" and "[welcome] the divine gaze into his depths in a way that reveals his deepest self to his own eyes," thereby allowing a "blessed reciprocity [to emerge] as knowing God leads to being known" (vol. 3, 76). In other words, kenosis leads to communion with God. Now there is a mystery worth singing. CAROLYN PIRTLE NOTRE DAME CENTER FOR LITURGY UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME SOUTH BEND, INDIANA


ML and ARIMA-based stock market forecasting. Brokers, derivatives, currencies, and stocks are used in the vast and convoluted structure of the financial markets, which is always changing and evolving. Compared to the hazards of beginning a new business or the requirement for a high-paying employment, this market provides investors the potential to make money and live a happy life with a minimal initial investment. However, assessing and managing the performance of machine learning requires human-assessed risk management procedures and security precautions. For this research, it is important to predict stock prices using ARIMA and machine learning techniques. With the aid of machine learning and the ARIMA model, stock values may be forecasted with simplicity. This includes a range of work that was done on the review paper using different learning techniques. The most notable features are ARIMA and the built-in machine learning. Oblivion Gate removes data that doesn't match the algorithm, leaving only data that does. As soon as information enters the network, rules enable selection. Three gate structures combine to produce a single network structure.


Residues of propellant components in the power system of the propulsion system, at the end of the operation of the launch vehicle, to a large extent affect its energy characteristics. Propellant management devices (PMD), which are equipped with tanks of modern launch vehicles, provide a continuous supply of liquid propellant components from the tank to the propulsion system without disturbing the continuity of the flow and minimize of the residues of the propellant components. In the tank of a launch vehicle, the presence of a tunnel pipeline complicates, and in certain cases excludes the possibility of taking from the pole of the tank. In this case, the use of a lateral PMD allows solving the problem of propellant intake. The authors carried out a search and justification for the optimal design of the PMD using the example of the fuel tank of the first stage of the "Cyclone-4" launch vehicle, which is equipped with an PMD in the form of a profiled plate. The designs of the siphon and annular PMD are considered. An analytical calculation using empirical dependences, a physical experiment and numerical simulation of their main parameters was carried out. The result of the experimental and computational-analytical work was the determination of the most optimal variant of the PMD, which, according to several parameters, turned out to be a siphon PMD. The introduction of a more advanced siphon PMD into the design of the fuel tank of the "Cyclone-4" launch vehicle will improve the energy characteristics of the launch vehicle by increasing the weight of the output payload by 5.4 kg.


IN an analysis of survey data on attiI tudes toward the fluoridation of water supplies, A. Stafford Metz has hypothesized in passing that "undecided persons, in the event that they took a stand on the issue, as in the case of a referendum vote, would, for the most part, change to a negative position."1 Similarly, William A. Gamson, also basing his observation on survey materials, finds that a considerable number of respondents favorable to fluoridation are very poorly informed about the measure, and thus in a referendum campaign "may well be 'educated' into the opposition."2 In a field study of the politics of fluoridation, conducted by the present author, it was argued on more or less intuitive grounds that the case against fluoridation is, in the political context, a more powerful one than the case in support of the measure; thus, in agreement with the suggestions of Metz and Gamson, the undecided as well as the nominal proponents are likely under campaign pressures to vote against fluoridation.3 This, it was concluded, is largely because the antifluoridationists have merely to convince the voter that there is some doubt among health professionals about the safety of the measure. The voter, poorly informed and at best halfinterested, is unlikely to be willing or able to weigh the evidence carefully or to sort through the reputations and motivations of the few health professionals hostile to fluoridation. He sees only that a debate is in progress and that some people with "M.D." or "D.D.S." after their names are concerned about possible health dangers. He is likely to conclude from the bewildering noise and banter of the campaign that, since "doctors disagree" about the dangers of fluoridation and since the benefits of the measure are rather indirect and undramatic, his best course for the moment is to oppose the measure until the experts can get together. Accordingly, it was argued, the outcome of the election largely rests on the ability of the antifluoridationists to get their highly effective argument across, not on the ability of the proponents patiently to "educate" the public against the distortions of the opposition. Others might argue, however, that, while the campaign may be important in determining the outcome of the election, this is not because the case against fluoridation is so convincing by itself; rather, the antifluoridationists are able to make it appear by their actions that they are engaged in a crusade against the 4structure of authority" in the community and thus they garner the sympathy of the alienated, the deprived, and those unattached to the community.4 It could


OBJECTIVE: Determine the effect of myasthenia on body composition.
BACKGROUND: Little attention has been focused on long term consequences of chronic myasthenia gravis. Secondary biologic change in body composition, such as sarcopenia (loss of muscle bulk, strength, and function) and increased adiposity may have profound consequences on cardiopulmonary health and function.
DESIGN/METHODS: 12 (5 female: 7 male) individuals with stable chronic myasthenia had body composition measures determined by anthropometrics, dual x-ray absorptiometry, and abdominal and thigh CT imaging and metabolic (cardiopulmonary peak and submaximal fitness determined by open circuit spirometry) and functional testing (timed walks, chair rises, and daily step activity).
RESULTS: Subjects with myasthenia, aged 64 ± 8, had MG ADL Symptoms Scale 4 ± 3, Quantitative MG Score 5.5 ± 5.2, FVC 3.3 ± 0.6 L men, 1.6 ±0.6 L women), 30 meter gait speed 1.1 ± 0.2 m/s, timed get-up and go 9 ± 2 s, 5 chair rises 13.7 ±4.9 s, and daily steps 1,750 ± 650. Peak fitness level was 20.2 ± 5.5 ml/kg/min, this is 20[percnt] lower than age matched controls. Submaximal oxygen utilization was 13.3 ± 4.6 ml/kg/min with a resultant physiologic fitness reserve of 66 ± 11[percnt], which is more than twice that of age-matched controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with myasthenia gravis have low muscle mass with correspondingly poor cardiovascular peak fitness level and diminished physiologic fitness reserve (requiring 66[percnt] of peak fitness is required to walk at a comfortable pace). Low daily step activity levels (1/3 age matched controls) may be one of the factors that leads to increase adiposity. This adiposity is under-estimated by standard formula for adiposity derived from body mass index (BMI) equations.
Study Supported by: Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America Disclosure: Dr. Hafer-Macko has nothing to disclose.


Three ultracompact H II regions associated with OH masers are studied with the VLA. Multiple structures are found in each region and are interpreted as clusters of OB stars. This interpretation is supported in the case of G10.6--0.4 by a good agreement between the distribution of spectral types and the initial mass function of field stars. If the OB cluster extend to lower mass stars, we find important implications about the far-infrared characteristics of these regions and, in particular, about the deduced properties of the dust in the H II regions. Size scales and spatial distribution of the OB stars suggest that collision processes between cloud fragments must have been important in the evolution toward stars. The abundance of continuum structures also suggest that the relation between OH masers and compact H II regions may not be simple.


Aim To analyse how midwives communicate Down syndrome screening information and explore whether women's understanding of this information is influenced by midwives' communicative style. Methods Mid...


BACKGROUND: This study compared the 24 h urinary excretion of isoflavone algycones after the consumption of fermented soybean paste or unfermented soy flour in a population of healthy Koreans (four males and five females). An equivalent amount (20 mg) of total isoflavone was consumed as either 52 g of soybean paste or 12.2 g of soy flour in a randomised, crossover trial consisting of two single-time-point feedings and having 3 day run-in and washout periods between feedings.

RESULTS: Analysis of starting materials indicated that daidzein (1.4%) and genistein (1.4%) constituted a smaller proportion of the total isoflavones in soy flour as compared with soybean paste (55.3% daidzein and 45.7% genistein). Free and glycosidic forms of isoflavones differed significantly between the two soy products. Levels of β-glycosides as well as total glycosides (β-glycosides, malonyl and acetyl forms) were two-fold higher in soy flour as compared with soybean paste. Malonyl forms predominated in soy flour.

CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of soybean paste resulted in significantly higher urinary excretion of both daidzein and genistein as compared with soy flour (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively). Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry


Abstract Effects of foliar vs. soil nitrogen (N) application during the summer and the autumn were studied in young Fuji apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh) on Malling 26 (M.26) rootstock. One‐year‐old bench‐grafted trees were potted in 3.8‐liter pots in a mix of perlite, peat moss, and loam soil (1:1:1 by volume) and were treated weekly from late June to early September with 0.5% urea either by foliar or soil application or soil application of water (control). At the end of September, five trees from each treatment were harvested, and shoot and root growth and leaf N concentration were determined. In mid‐October of the same year, trees from each treatment were randomly divided into three subgroups. One group received soil application of water (control), and the other groups received either a foliar or soil application of 3% 15N‐urea. After natural leaf defoliation, trees were harvested, and total N and 15N concentration of stems (all aboveground tissue) and roots was determined. Regardless of application method, N application during the summer promoted plant growth and increased leaf N concentration. Soil N application during the summer stimulated more shoot and extension root growth than foliar N application. In contrast, the foliar N application in the summer promoted more feeder root growth than soil N application. Regardless of application method, autumn N application after terminal bud set had little effect on current‐year growth but increased total plant N concentration. In the autumn, trees that received soil N applications in the summer had more 15N uptake by leaves, while trees receiving foliar N applications in the summer had more 15N uptake by root. These results suggest that the differential influence of N application methods during the summer on growth and partitioning of trees affects tree responsiveness to autumn N applications. The use efficiency of autumn‐applied N depends on the method of N application in the summer.


One of the modification method of tapioca is the size reduction of the starch granular to nano particle. Nano-tapioca is expected to improve physicochemical characteristics of tapioca, which is ecpeted to improve the qualities of artificial rice. Size reduction can be done by an enzymatic hydrolysis, acid treatment (lintnerization) or by physical treatment using a high-energy milling. This study aimed to determine the effect of acid, enzymatic and physical treatments against the size reduction of starch granular structure; and its effect on the physical characteristics of the artificial corn rice. The study was conducted two phases, ie the production of nano-tapioca with the above methods; and its application on artificial rice made from corn. The modified tapioca was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, particle size analyzer (PSA), and Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM). Raw materials and of artificil eith addition of size reduced tapioca was was analyzed in terms of proximate characteristics, pasting profile, starch content, amylose content and texture. Acidification applying 5% HCl for 5 hours resulted in starch granules that were generally still intact with relatively large size (not yet reached the nano size). Nevertheless, there were some small sized granules (diameter 781.8 nm). Physical size reduction using a Ball Mill three cycles at 1400 rpm produced particle size of 871.1 nm. Enzymatic treatment using isoamilase for 24 hours produced granule size distribution from 40.75 to 407.49 nm


Detecting evolving communities in dynamic weighted networks are significant for understanding the evolutionary patterns of complex networks. However, it is difficult and challenging for traditional approaches to extract evolving communities with notable significance from dense and large dynamic complex networks, because most of communities are still so dense and large that we could not observe directly the detailed evolving sub-structures. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to extract overlapping evolutionary spatiotemporal communities in large, dense and dynamic weighted networks. Evolutionary spatiotemporal communities can not only show the evolutionary of nodes and edges in a certain period clearly, but also contain weight vectors with similar evolving trend. Experiments on the global trading network show that the proposed approach can discover more sophisticated evolving patterns and properties which hide in those seemingly stable community structures.


: The tolerance to high temperature during the treatment for disinfection in rice seeds is strengthened by reducing their water contents to below 10% before the hot water disinfection treatment. Pre-drying treatment prevents the reduction in germinability of the seeds disinfected with hot water at 65ºC for 10 minutes, which is a method used to effectively control several seed-borne diseases. We examined the conditions for pre-drying of seeds using a heating dryer for improving the germinability after the disinfection treatment. The seeds of Nipponbare were dried at 40 – 60ºC for 2 – 72 hours. A higher temperature was more effective for drying. When the seeds were dried at 40ºC, 12 hours of treatment was required to reduce the water content to below 10%. Thereafter, the water content rapidly decreased to around 8% by further heating, but the speed of decrease dropped and the values remained above 7% in the seeds dried for 24 hours at 50ºC. The germinability was not changed by further decrease in water content to less than 7%. In some cases, the seeds dried at 60ºC for 72 hours had lower germinability. Moreover, experimental results using Koshihikari showed that the seeds with a water content reduced to below 9.5% by pre-drying had a germination rate of more than 90%, even after the seeds were disinfected with hot water at 72ºC for 10 min. Taken together, we concluded that pre-drying to a water content of 7 – 9.5% in seeds at 40 – 50ºC for 12 – 24 hours is the most useful method for pre-drying the seeds of Nipponbare and Koshihikari before the hot-water disinfection treatment.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of four personal traits (intelligence, knowledge, personality and interests) on performance in an inventory management task. We base our model on PPIK theory from cognitive psychology and ground the experiment we conduct on the tradition of dynamic decision making research. Findings are that intelligence and knowledge are good predictors of inventory management performance, while the analysis shows no relation or only partial relations between personality and interests, and performance. Implications for research comprise investigating the relationship between the four traits and accounting for different task complexities. The value of this paper lies in the adaptation and the application of psychological theory on inventory management.


Axinellamines A−D (1−4) are novel bis-guanidine alkaloids isolated from the marine sponge Axinella sp. of which Axinellamines B−D (2−4) have been shown to possess bactericidal activity against Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium implicated in pepticular and gastric cancer.1 These natural products are noteworthy for the structural complexity of the polycyclic framework incorporating fused and spirocyclic ring systems. Moreover, embedded within these structures is a stereochemically complex and densely functionalized cyclopentyl core that presents a daunting synthetic challenge. A similarly substituted cyclopentane core can be found in palau'amine 5 which critically differs from that of 1−4 in the relative stereochemical relationships of the pendant functionality.2 Palau'amine 5 has attracted considerable attention due to its potent antibiotic, immunosuppressive, and cytotoxic properties (Chart 1).


Subjective image quality is a standard evaluation criterion for 2-D imaging systems. However, when applied to 3-D imaging systems, it does not incorporate the added value of depth that is present in 3-D content. Higher level evaluation criteria are proposed that are sensitive to both image quality and depth. A 3-D quality model was constructed in which such higher level evaluation criteria (naturalness and viewing experience) were factored in a weighted sum of image quality and depth. An experiment was performed to evaluate this model. Two scenes were varied in depth (using came base distances) and image quality (using white Gaussian noise) and evaluated in terms of naturalness, viewing experience, image quality, and depth. Analysis revealed that both naturalness and viewing experience reflect image quality to a similar degree, yet the added value of depth was slightly more incorporated by naturalness than by viewing experience.


Provided rats were fed lipid-rich low-protein diets containing sodium cholate, a high incidence of large hepatic vein thrombosis could be initiated by the injection of E. coli or S. typhosa lipopol...


This paper is the result of our research on large signal dynamic behavior (Pulsed I/V curves) of GaAs device, in the overall I/V plane, when the incident optical input power is changed. A complete bias and optical power dependent large signal model for a MESFET is determined from experimental Sparameters, DC and pulsed measurements. All derivatives of the model shown here are continuous for a realistic description of circuit distortion and intermodulation. The dependencies of circuit elements with optical illumination and the quiescent operating point are evaluated, and a comparison between theoretical and measured results over optical power and bias ranges is shown. Experimental results show a very good agreement with the theoretical analysis. 1. INTRODUCCION


The Vila de Cruces ophiolite is one of the ophiolitic units involved in the Variscan suture of the northwest Iberian Massif. This ophiolite consists of a tectonically repeated succession of greenschist facies volcanic rocks, common alternations of metasediments of pelitic or siliceous character, and scarce orthogneisses, metagabbros, and serpentinites. The protolith age of a granitic orthogneiss that intruded the mafic rocks is dated at
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\end{document} Ma (U‐Pb in zircons). This age can be considered a reference for the generation of the ophiolite. According to their contents of some of the most immobile trace elements, the greenschist and the metagabbros are derived from basaltic magmas with compositions similar to those of island‐arc tholeiites. The influence of a subduction zone in the generation of the original basaltic magmas can be deduced from the marked negative Nb anomaly observed in all the metabasic rocks of this ophiolite. The granitic orthogneisses can also be genetically related to the basic rocks because they are similar to granitic rocks generated in volcanic arcs. The Vila de Cruces ophiolite is interpreted as a suprasubduction zone ophiolite generated in Late Cambrian times, during the early stages of the opening of the Rheic Ocean. The ophiolite was probably generated in a back‐arc basin developed during the first stages of the pulling apart and later drift of one or more peri‐Gondwanan terranes, one of them represented by the upper allochthon of the northwest Iberian Massif.


The situations in which Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Gudina Tumsa lived were basically very different from each other, but nevertheless similar because of the parallel challenge through a totalitarian dictatorship with a quasi-religious anti-Christian world view. In many basic theological decisions, both prove to be amazingly similar. Both have been equally gifted in initiating ideas and inspiring people during their lives and far beyond. Many of Gudina's statements have the evocative, associative, fascinating power of Bonhoeffer's sometimes fragmentary, but always provocative, deep and concise reflections. Both their legacies are certainly worthy of interpretation for each generation--the theology of Gudina Tumsa just as the theology of Bonhoeffer has been during the past decades.


E-Biz is a clear and straightforward guide to the fundamentals of e-business and e-commerce. It is unique in providing the knowledge required for computing and IT students to make the transition from studying the technology, to actually applying it in real life business scenarios. Using a selection of case studies, the author demonstrates how sound business strategies must underlie the application of technology if a successful outcome is to be achieved. E-Biz cuts through the hype and jargon often associated with this subject, to stand out as a genuinely useful book for students.


This paper proposes a straightforward methodology to assess and estimate the impact of trade barriers on exports from the Peruvian economy. The results of the application of this methodology indicate that most favored nation (MFN) and/or generalized system of preferences (GSP) tariff rates imposed by developed countries on Peruvian exports are relatively low and, conversely, the number of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) and the average number of NTBs per export tariff line are relatively high. This difference produces a higher estimation of the export impact of the NTBs. An implication of these results is that the new wave of regional preferential trade agreements among developed and developing countries (which face a similar trade barrier structure to the Peruvian one) may not have meaningful effects on trade flows unless it is accompanied by substantial reductions in the number of NTBs per export tariff line.


The recent political decentralization of forest administration in Guatemala is a complex process involving a diverse set of actors and management practices. Communal and regional forest lands have been historically considered as 'open access' by a state which has systematically ignored ancestral rights and destroyed local communities. However, decentralized forest management has been effectively practiced since the colonial period as rural communities across the country and especially in Guatemala's Western Highlands have struggled to maintain access and control over their lands and natural resources despite ongoing pressure from dominant social actors. Community groups and social networks have collectively defended local institutions including communal property, a system of traditional knowledges and customary rights, and local government systems in Totonicapán, San Marcos, Huehuetenango, Jalapa, Jutiapa and other regions where forests form part of Guatemala's collective patrimony. These historical relations of contention over forests are now confronted by government initiatives in the last decade that promote the deconcentration of forest regulation to the municipal level. At the same time, growing collective action within local communities demands the recognition and restitution of ancestral rights over land and natural resources, including national, communal, and municipal forests. Community forestry in Guatemala confronts many challenges, especially in the areas of social inequality and democratization. Experiences discussed here from several communities in the Western Highlands illustrate the local preoccupations, knowledges, strengths and local institutional capacities facing the current process of decentralization. For decentralization of the forest sector to fulfill its objectives to control deforestation and environmental degradation, it is necessary to establish a better balance of power between the State and a diverse set of stakeholders, empowering local organizations and increasing capacity for local management regimes in communities and municipalities. 1 Profesor, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de San Carlos, Guatemala y Doctorante, Universidad de Toulouse, Francia. Email : firstname.lastname@example.com 2 PhD Candidate, Department of Development Sociology, Cornell University. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


Objective To investigate the changes of plasma t-PA,PAI-1 and sTM in acute pulmonary embolism of rabbits.Methods Twenty four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of C(normal control),PTE(acute pulmonary thromboembolism model) and UK(PTE plus urokinase therapy) with 8 rabbits each.The PTE model was established by intravenous injection of autologous blood clots.Arterial blood gas was analyzed and plasma concentrations of tissue type plasminogen activator(t-pA),plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) and soluble thrombomodulin(sTM) were examined by ELISA before and at 1,2,4,8 and 12h after clots injection.Pathological changes of the lungs was observed with light microscope at last.Results PaO2 and PaCO2 were obviously lower in group PTE than those in group C,the changes of which were less in group UK than those in group PTE.Plasma t-PA and PAI-1 at 2 and 4h were lower in group PTE than those in group C(P0.01),which were not significantly different between groups of UK and C(P0.05).Plasma sTM after PTE was increasing in group PTE and it was higher than that in group C at 4h(P0.01),which of group UK was increased but still lower than that in group PTE and had no significant difference between groups of UK and C(P0.05).Histopathological study showed that lung injury was obvious in group PTE,which was less in group UK.Conclusion Remarkable injury of anticoagulation,fibrinolysis and pulmonary vascular endothelial function exists,which can be attenuated with urokinase therapy.


Based on the warring states Chu bamboo slips HengXian stored in Shanghai Museum, this paper emphasizes the viewpoint of universe origin of auto-creation, which makes minor adjustment to the viewpoint of Wang Xiaoyi. This paper then discusses the impact of controversy between the two viewpoints on WeiJing's doctrine, and analyzes the thoughts of He Yan, Wang Bi, Xiang Xiu, Fei Yan and Guo Xiang. Though He Yan, Fei Yan and Guo Xiang used Buddhist sentence, the ir thoughts were probably originated from Chinese traditions.


process of back-analysis of previous rockbursts, the rockmass strength and energy release density required to induce violent failure are characterised. This information is then used to demonstrate that the conditions are right for unstable failure of a large crown pillar that subsequently failed violently. Detailed analysis of the variability in the calibration data is then used to quantify the prediction uncertainty. It is then predicted with 90% confidence that the crown-pillar will burst when its width is 33±21m. This represents well over half the mining life of the pillar. Even though the imminence of the impending violent failure can be predicted, the uncertainty as to the exact moment of failure is very large. Rockburst Prediction Using Numerical Modelling— Realistic Limits for Failure Prediction Accuracy


The paper focuses on variable message signs (VMS) that can combine pictograms with text and display all road signing functions. The combination of pictograms and text in the so-called Multipurpose VMS confronts many problems within international areas. Besides the 'traditional' pictogram issues, some abstract formulations for distance, length and its combinations are next in the list of road operators signing priorities, all concerning the alphanumeric part. Several public and private road operators in France, Italy, Netherlands and Spain are currently tackling this problem. For the covering abstract see ITRD E140665.


Flash Visual Evoked Potential as a Suitable Technique to Evaluate the Extent of Injury to Visual Pathway Following Head Trauma. Abstract Aim: A head injury is any trauma to the scalp, skull or brain. This may cause vision problems, such as blurred or double vision and difficulty with eye movements focus and finally total blindness. Visual evoked potential is an electrophysiological technique to survey the visual pathway. The aim of present work is to look for visual pathway disturbances in patients with visual dysfunction due to head trauma. Patients and Methods: Twenty eyes with different stages of visual fall due to head accident were taken for the purpose of present research work. The patients were all male with age range of 18 to 30 years. The latency and amplitude of visual evoked potential P100 peak was recorded for these patients and 16 age and sex matched control with healthy visual system mainly visual pathway. control were 0 ± 0 and 1.42 ± 0.94 respectively which was statistically significant in two groups (P <0.001). The values for mean latency were 130.3 ± 7.16 and 99 ± 2.93 for case and control groups respectively. In case of mean amplitude, the values were 1.5 ± 0.6 and 7.6 ± 1.9 in case and control groups respectively. The values for visual evoked potential were statistically significant for latency (P <0.001) and amplitude (P <0.001) in between case and control groups. Conclusion: Head trauma might produce visual dysfunction mostly visual pathway which can be diagnosed by latency and amplitude of visual evoked potential P100 peak.


Solar energy harvesting through photovoltaic conversion is the most promising technology for renewable energy production. Nanoscience and nanotechnology have enabled the development of hybrid and m...


OBJECTIVE: to investigate histopathological changes such as neovascularization, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, apoptosis, mucoid degeneration, granular changes, and calcification in contained and extruded disc herniations, and to compare these differences in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus. METHODS: 65 lumbar discs were evaluated. These were divided in three groups: 25 cases of extruded herniated discs, 28 cases of contained herniated discs, and 12 cases of discs without degenerative changes. Fragments were removed and separated into annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. Semi-quantitative analysis of histopathologic changes was carried out, using a microscope. RESULTS: in the comparative analysis between annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, no statistical differences were obtained between these groups, showing that both regions are similar. The extruded disc herniation presented a higher proportion of inflammatory infiltrate and neovascularization. Degenerative changes did not present significant variation in relation to disc herniation type. CONCLUSION: There is a relation in disc herniation between neovascularitazion, inflammatory infiltrate and type of disc herniation. There is no histopathologic difference in relation of the portion of intervertebral disc analyzed.