An investigation on the impact of sub-lethal concentrations (0-control, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100%) of water-soluble fractions (WSFs) of crude oil on the performance of the catfish Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings was carried out in 2005 under laboratory conditions in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria, during a 10-week period of exposure in a renewal static bioassay system. Growth of H. bidorsalis was observed to reduce significantly (P>0.05) with increasing time of exposure and concentrations of WSFs of crude oil when compared with control fish. Fish weight was observed to significantly (P>0.05) reduce with increasing concentrations of WSF. A slight increase in length of fish with increasing period of exposure was observed in all the groups. The condition factor (k) of H. bidorsalis after 10 weeks exposure to 12.5 and 25% concentrations of WSF also showed significant (P>0.05) reduction only in the exposed groups. Mortality was recorded in the 50 and 100% WSFs. Although, no mortality occurred in the control and other exposed groups, fish in the 12.5 and 25% WSFs were less active in swimming and feeding when compared with the control fish. The dissolved oxygen of the medium was significantly reduced (P>0.05) while the biological oxygen demand was significantly (P≤0.05) increased with increasing level of the WSFs. This study has demonstrated that the water-soluble fractions of crude oil have a highly significant effect of reducing the growth performance of H. bidorsalis. The study has also showed that H. bidorsalis can serve as a bio-indicator of crude oil contaminated water bodies.


The basic principle on the determination of copper-nickel tailings composition by the X-ray fluorescence analysis is introduced.The effect of humidity,pressuring samples and matrix effect on measurement results is researched,and the model of calibrating matrix effect has been established.The results show that in the determination of copper-nickel tailings composition the X-ray fluorescence analysis is accurate,nondestructive and rapid.


The International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York have partnered to create the Global On Line Fellowship program, a postgraduate fellowship training opportunity for candidates all around the world who are not able to get on‐site fellowship training at centers of excellence. This article delineates the successes, challenges, and future goals for the program.


Small Brown Planthopper(SBPH) Laodelphax striatellus(Fallen) and Brown Planthopper(BPH) Nilaparvata lugens(Stl) have been the major insect pests in Chinese rice ecosystem at different times since 1960s,but simultaneously caused serious damage at the heading stage in the Yangtze Delta area in the recent years.To understand the ecological mechanisms of simultaneous outbreaks of the two rice planthopper species in the area,the density related intra-and inter-specific effects for SBPH and BPH on their main biological parameters,including nymphal development duration,emergence rate,longevity and fecundity of female adult,were studied in the laboratory using indica hybrid Shan You 63 and japonica Xiu Shui 11 as host plant varieties.The results showed that there was significant intraspecific competition,as well as interspecific facilitation,for both planthopper species.Intraspecific competition resulted in prolonged nymphal development duration,lower emergence rate,shorter longevity and lower fecundity of female adult as initial density was increased.In contrast,the interspecific facilitation resulted in shorter nymphal development duration,higher emergence rate,prolonged longevity and higher fecundity of female adult when the two species were coexisted.Both intra-and inter-specific effects were significantly interacted with planthopper species and host variety.The density related intra-and inter-specific effects on L.striatellus is higher than those on N.lugens.The intra-specific competition on a relative suitable host variety was higher than that on the other variety,but the inter-specific facilitation on the relative unsuitable host variety was higher than that on the other host variety.Findings are discussed in relation to underlying mechanisms and evolutionary significance,as well as the possible interaction between interspecific facilitation and simultaneous outbreak of SBPH and BPH.


FIELD: organic chemistry, medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention describes derivatives of 4-phenylpyridine N-oxides of the general formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid-additive salts wherein R means hydrogen atom, lower alkyl or halogen atom; R 1 means hydrogen atom; R 2 and R 2' mean independently of one another hydrogen, halogen atom, trifluoromethyl group, (lower)-alkoxy-group; or R 2 and R 2' can mean in common the group -CH=CH-CH=CH- optionally substituted with one or two substitutes taken among lower alkyl or (lower)-alkoxy-group; R 3 and R 3' mean independently of one another hydrogen atom, lower alkyl; R 4 and R 4' mean independently of one another -(CH 2 ) m OR 6 or lower alkyl; or R 4 and R 4' form in common with N-atom to which they are bound substituted R 5 -cyclic tertiary amine representing pyrrolidine-1-yl, piperidine-1-yl, piperazine-1-yl, morpholine-4-yl or 1,1-dioxomorpholine-4-yl; R 5 means hydrogen atom, hydroxyl, -COOR 3 , -N(R 3 )CO-lower alkyl or -C(O)R 3 ; R 6 means hydrogen atom, lower alkyl; X means -C(O)N(R 6 )-, -N(R 6 )C(O)-; n = 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; m = 1, 2 or 3. Also, invention describes a medicinal agent comprising these compounds. Compounds can be used as drugs in treatment or prophylaxis of diseases associated with antagonists of NK-1 receptor. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of agent. 6 cl, 32 ex


Why is"Ci"of Northern Dynasty so enjoyable?The author argues that the trend of Taoism influenced it a lot,for Taoism became the state religion in Northern Song Dynasty and had effect on the intellecturals'patterns of thinking,ways of living,moral principles and,naturally,on the aestheticism at that time,therefore,on the creatin of"Ci"of the dynasty.Concretely speaking,the following points were stressed:1.the propaganda of personality and spirit;2.the combination of emotion and ration;3.the pursuit of simple art effect.These not only made a change in the nature of"Ci",but also made"Ci"play a role of instruction as well as entertainment.


In the past, the number of samples to be tested for animal rabies surveillance was recommended by international regulatory bodies (WHO, OIE, and EU). It is now generally accepted that defining a sample size for rabies surveillance in animals is problematic causing countries that experience difficulties in meeting such requirements to remove and sample healthy animals to meet the given target. However, rabies pathogenesis in terrestrial mammals is distinctive, as infected animals will (...)


Extant organizational behaviour (OB) literature widely acknowledges the importance of perceived organizational support (POS) in affecting workplace attitude and behaviour. However, studies that investigate the role of individual's mental disposition in shaping the aforementioned relationship are scant, particularly in the Indian context. This study is intended to address this gap. Here, we examine the role of POS in the development of organizational trust and organizational commitment. By virtue of its conceptualization, psychological capital represents individual's positive state of mind. Therefore and more importantly, we test the moderating role of psychological capital in the aforementioned relationships. We undertook a field-based questionnaire survey (N = 289) in a leading Indian information technology (IT) company. Results revealed that POS was positively related to both organizational trust and organizational commitment, and the strength of these relationships diminished with higher levels of psychological capital, albeit in varying degree. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed, and the future course of research is suggested.


This editorial provides an introduction to the first issue of the National Youth-At-Risk Journal. Information highlighted regarding the journal includes its mission, historical background and inspiration, and holistic aims and scope. Biased and realistic uses of the phrase "at risk" are also addressed. The editorial also introduces the journal editors and presents a preview of issue content.


Structural and physical properties of NaxCoO2 and superconducting Na(x)CoO(2)center dot yH(2)O hydrates have been systematically investigated. Raman scattering measurements reveal that the five active phonons in NaxCoO2-yH(2)O System change systematically with the H2O intercalation and modification of superconductivity, in particular the A(1g) and E-1g modes in correlation with oxygen movements. Incoherent inelastic neutron scattering (IINS) study on the local structure of H2O-layers in NaxCoO2-yH(2)O (0 <= y <= 1.8) suggests the presence of three types of clusters, H3O+, H5O+ and ice-1h like weakly bonded water, among CoO2 sheets. Electron energy loss (EEL) analysis on Na0.33CoO2 center dot yH(2)O (0 <= y <= 1.3) indicates certain notable changes in the electronic structure during hydration. Microstructure and structural phase transitions accompanied with local atomic ordering in the charge-ordered phase Na0.5CoO2 have been investigated along with the hexagonal-orthorhombic phase transition. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


The weld of AZ31 Mg alloy was performed via ultrasonic vibration assistance process. The metallographic structure observation, scanning electron microscope observation, hardness detection, tensile test and fracture morphology observation were performed to analyze the influences of ultrasonic vibration on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints. In this paper, the ultrasonic vibration with power in the 0–1.5 kW was successfully introduced into the weld pool by filler wire, which had a series of effects on the weld. The results indicated that ultrasonic induced agitation in the molten pool can reduce or even eliminate the porosity in the weld zone. Besides, for joints treated by 1.0 kW ultrasonic process, the average grain size of weld zone decreased to 28 μm, owing to the acoustic flow and cavitation effects caused by ultrasonic process. Under optimized ultrasonic power of 1.0 kW, the sound Mg alloy joint with the maximum tensile strength of 256 MPa was obtained and the fracture surface presented plastic fracture characteristics.


Dealloyed nanoporous gold (NPG) dramatically enhances quantum dot (QD) fluorescence by amplifying near-field excitation and increasing the radiative decay rate. Originating from plasmonic coupling, the fluorescence enhancement is highly dependent upon the nanopore size of the NPG. In contrast to other nanoengineered metallic structures, NPG exhibits fluorescence enhancement of QDs over a large substrate surface.


In the United States, approximately 10 million automobiles are scrapped and shredded each year. The mixture of plastics and other materials remaining after recovery of the metals is known as Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR). In 1994, about 3.5 million tons of ASR was produced and disposed of in landfills. However, environmental, legislative, and economic considerations are forcing the industry to search for recycling or other alternatives to disposal. Numerous studies have been done relating the ASR disposal problem to possible recycling treatments such as pyrolysis, gasification, co-liquefaction of ASR with coal, chemical recovery of plastics from ASR, catalytic pyrolysis, reclamation in molten salts, and vacuum pyrolysis. These and other possibilities have been studied intensively, and entire symposia have been devoted to the problem. Product mix, yields, toxicology issues, and projected economics of conceptual plant designs based on experimental results are among the key elements of past studies. Because the kinds of recycling methods that may be developed, along with their ultimate economic value, depend on a very large number of variables, these studies have been open-ended. It is hoped that it may be useful to explore some of these previously studied areas from fresh perspectives. One such approach, currently undermore » development at Argonne National Laboratory, is the catalytic pyrolysis of ASR.« less


Abstract A novel and efficient method for the synthesis of substituted 4-alkylthio-N-arylsulphonylamino-2-pyridoms via the reaction of ketene-SS-acetals with N-cyanoacetoarylsulfonyl-hydrazides has been investigated. I-Arylsulfonylamino-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-2(1H)-ones have also been prepared from the reaction of 4-alkylthio-N-arylsulfonylamino-2-pyridones with hydrazines.


This paper investigates the function f which is analytic and univalent in the unit disc when it satisfies |Sf(z)|≤2α[1+(1-α)|z|~2](1-|z|~2)~(-2)(1≤α≤2),and gets two equivalent conditions and a necessary condition for f(D) to be a John disk.


The Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, assigns the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service the responsibility for listing species of plants and animals in the United States whose existence is either threatened or endangered. After a species is listed, the Service is responsible for, among other things, developing recovery plans, reviewing proposed federal actions to ensure that they do not compromise recovery efforts, and designating critical habitat. The designation of critical habitat for endangered species involves reallocation of resources. This paper sets forth the methodology and results from two case studies that measured the economic impacts of designating critical habitat. The case studies vary in regional scope. The first study incorporates seven states along a 2200 mile stretch of the Colorado River and its major tributaries and focuses on six endangered fishes. A second study analyzes two endangered fishes in a two county study region in Utah and Nevada through which the Virgin River flows. The methodology utilized in both case studies was to measure the impacts of designating critical habitat and involves the following steps: (1) determining how the biological needs of endangered fish will affect the allocation of resources among river users; (2) assessing the direct economic impacts of resource reallocations on river users; and (3) using a set of applied general equilibrium models of the affected region in order to capture all of the direct and indirect effects of resource reallocations. Approaching the estimation of the impacts of designating critical habitat in this fashion insures that all actions taken on behalf of the endangered species will be captured in the analyses as a reallocation of resources. This insures that impacts are inclusive of negative as well as positive effects that stem from the reallocation process. The principle results of the two case studies are that sectoral impacts are both positive and negative. The sub-regional impacts for both case studies are not distributed evenly. The regional impacts, whether positive or negative, are small relative to a baseline level of economic activity representing no actions taken on behalf of the fishes. The national efficiency effects as determined in the Colorado study are effectively zero for the designation of critical habitat.


Tanjung Johor sub-district is located in the District of Service of Jambi City and is one of the guided villages of the University of Jambi, which has great natural resource potential. However, the community's livelihoods are still mostly rubber and oil palm farmers. One of the potentials in this village is waste from empty palm oil bunches and used as oyster mushroom farming. The resulting oyster mushroom has not been processed into a health drink, only as a cooking ingredient. The results of guidance and collaboration from Jambi University lecturers, such as introducing the benefits of oyster mushrooms for improving body health in this village, have been carried out, but the production of oyster mushrooms has not been carried out. By seeing this potential came the idea to make a healthy drink from oyster mushrooms. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide selling value for oyster mushrooms from agriculture and post-harvest handling, increase public knowledge about the benefits of oyster mushrooms and maximize human resources in Tanjung Johor village. The method used is oyster mushroom counseling and making health drinks. This activity produces processed products from oyster mushrooms such as health drinks that can increase the selling value of oyster mushrooms and increase the creativity of human resources in Tanjung Johor Village, Pelayangan District Jambi City.


Mark Twain once famously quipped, "I never let schooling get in the way of my education." Paul Simon, the American folk singer, begins one of his songs "When I think back on all the crap I learned at high school, it's a wonder I can hardly think at all." These men could just have easily been discussing schooling in Ireland, for this is the way many Limerick children and youth felt about formal school life prior to their involvement with St. Augustine's Youth Encounter Project. But it is prior to their involvement. This chapter provides a demographic profile of the pupils of that project and explores aspects of the day-to-day life of the project as a child and youth care intervention by examining some of the influences of risk replacement or resiliency projects that have influenced provision of services. This Limerick YEP attempts to alter the approach


A second-order numerical method of characteristics has been developed for the solution of three-dimensional supersonic flows. The method has [been programed for the CDC 6500 and IBM 7094 computers for internal flows. Solutions are presented for several heretofore unsolved three-dimensional nozzle flow problems. These include: transition from an axisymmetric inlet to an elliptical cross section, transition from an axisymmetric inlet to a near rectangular cross section, and nonsymmetric inlet flow into an axisymmetric nozzle. The results of these calculations reveal the complexity of the pressure field in flows of this type and show that small deviations from axial symmetry produce gross three-dimensional effects that can only be determined using a truly three-dimensional calculation scheme.


ThelamBprotein, thereceptor forphageX, waspurified fromtheouter membrane ofEscherichia coli K-12 byextraction withTriton X-100 andEDTA,chromatography onDEAE-Sephacel inTriton X-100, exchange ofTriton for cholate bygelfiltration, andchromatography onSephacryl S-200 incholate, NaCI, andEDTA.Thepurified protein appeared to exist asseveral oligomeric species. Inanequilibrium retention assay withreconstituted vesicles containing phospholipids and lipopolysaccharide, thelamBprotein conferred permeability fordisaccharides. Inaliposome swelling assay designed to measure rates ofdiffusion, thelamBprotein conferred perme- ability tophospholipid liposomes foravariety ofsubstrates. The rates obtained indicate thepermeation facilitated bythelamB protein isspecific, discriminating amongsubstrates byboth size andconfiguration. Forexample, maltose diffused into liposomes 40times faster than sucrose, about 8times faster than cellobiose, andabout 12times faster thanmaltoheptaose. Theresults suggest that thelamBprotein forms atransmembrane channel containing asite (orsites) thatloosely interacts withtheso- lutes. Theouter membrane ofGram-negative bacteria hasseveral pathways forthetranslocation ofsmall molecules (reviewed inref. 1). Thepassage ofmostsmall, hydrophilic molecules is accomplished byporins, which formnonspecific water-filled pores. Other outer membrane proteins areinvolved inthe transport ofspecific nutrients, butthemechanism ofthespecific


We developed a H2 and C1-C4 heterogeneous mechanism to describe their catalytic reaction on a platinum catalyst.To verify the mechanism we carried out simulations with methane,ethane,propane,and n-butane and compared the results to the reported experimental data.The ignition and combustion(ignition or combustion of CH4,C2H6 with or without adding H2,C3H8 with or without adding H2,C4H10 with adding H2) was of interest.Good agreement was obtained and we found that H2 improved the ignition of propane and n-butane,and the combustion of ethane.However,their kinetic processes are different.Therefore,the H2 and C1-C4 heterogeneous mechanism determined in this work is reasonable with some certainty and could be used to describe the characteristics of ignition and combustion,which can be used to analyze the kinetic process.


In analysing a football match, newspaper reporters and commentators often go beyond the actual goals scored in a match to consider the number of attacks by each team. This intuitive measure of a team's performance could well be pushed a little further by considering the probability with which a team scores a given number of goals from a certain number of attacks. In fact it can easily be shown that, in theory, such a probability is a Poisson probability. To verify this claim suppose the probability of an attack resulting in a goal is p and that this probability is independent of the result of any other attack. Then the expected (average) number of goals scored by a team making n attacks will be np. Further, if X is the random variable denoting the number of goals scored from n attacks, the binomial distribution gives


Clonal Hematopoiesis and Hematologic Cancer Clonal hematopoiesis is a risk factor for acute myeloid leukemia and other hematologic cancers. Analysis of a mouse model shows that progression to cance...


Shimoji. Enhanced b -receptor-mediated vasorelaxation in hypoxic porcine coronary artery. Am. J. Physiol. 277 ( Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1447–H1452, 1999.—To investigate the b -adre-noceptor-mediated responses in hypoxic coronary arteries, we studied the effect of isoproterenol (Iso) on isolated porcine coronary arteries contracted with endothelin-1 in media aerated with 0, 5, 7.5, and 95% O 2 . The concentration- response curve of Iso was significantly shifted to the left by hypoxia (0 and 5% O 2 ). In oxygenated and hypoxic arteries, 3 3 10 2 8 , 10 2 6 , and 10 2 5 M Iso significantly increased the contents of cAMP. However, there was no difference in the increases of cAMP content induced by 3 3 10 2 8 M Iso between oxygenated and hypoxic arteries. The content of cAMP induced by high concentrations of Iso (10 2 6 and 10 2 5 M) was significantly larger in hypoxic than in oxygenated arteries. Furthermore, the potentiation by hypoxia of the Iso-induced vasorelaxation was inhibited by glibenclamide and depolariza-tion by KCl, but not by removal of endothelium and indomethacin. The vasodilatory response to forskolin and dibutyryl cAMP was unaffected by hypoxia. We conclude that activation of theATP-sensitive K 1 channel may account for the potentiation of the response to Iso in hypoxic coronary arteries.


This paper aims at examining the impact of globalization on manufacturing sector after crisis period. It has been examined that the manufacturing sector has damaged after the crisis. This is exacerbated by the increasing competition from manufacturing product from overseas, particularly from China. Some of the industries has moved to many East Asian countries. Policies to mitigate the impact of globalization toward the development of manufacturing should be based not only on resource based development, but more importantly on the knowledge based development. This particularly can be driven through providing the investors to have economic incentives both fiscal and monetary incentives. The recent policy to issue tax reform is one of the critical incentives to assist the development of manufacturing in Indonesia. Key words: Globalization, manufacturing, economic crisis


This study demonstrates the influence of absent/present mothers on their daughters in Jordanian-British Fadia Faqir's novels My Name Is Salma (2007) and Willow Trees Don't Weep (2014). It manifests the difference between the positive and negative impacts of the mothers of Salma and Najwa, the two heroines in the two novels under discussion, respectively. The study also exposes the difference between Salma and Najwa based on their fragmentation and its intricate interconnection with their mothers, the way they deal with their mothers' belongings, and the effect of the memories of their mothers on their self-formation. As it does so, the study highlights how each one of these heroines utilizes her mother's influence on her to achieve self-formation in her own way as she crosses borders. Through its focus on the mother-daughter bond in both novels, the study concludes that despite the mother's physical absence, her evident presence turns out to be inescapable; the positive influence of Salma's absent mother helps Salma recollect herself, and the negative influence of Najwa's absent mother helps Najwa shape her new identity.


This article looks into a case of conversion from Islam in Kuwait. The apostasy law in the Middle East and the reluctance by liberal Muslims to lend unambiguous support to freedom of religion are commonly viewed as the paradigmatic illustration of an `Islamic exception'. It is argued that this perception is not justified, as the law and the support given it by most liberal Muslims are not social manifestations of a specific `Islamic mentality' but one cultural way of expressing and dealing with a dilemma faced by all modern political communities: how to strike a balance between the common good and invidual freedoms. Seen in this light, the apostasy problematic is not without parallels in western liberal societies.


In India, about a half of pre-school children ore under-nourished. Undernutrition manifests as subnormal growth or growth retardation and is measured by levels of stunting, wasting and underweight. Therefore, measurement of growth, in spite of some practical limitations, is a convenient and useful tool in the hands of primary health care workers. Growth monitoring has been an integral part of nutrition surveillance and a number of public health intervention programs like the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and Tamil Nadu Integrated Nutrition Project (TINP) in India. Growth monitoring in early childhood is an important component of the ICDS program. These children are weighed every month using Salter weighing scale at the Anganwadi Centre (AWC) and the weights are plotted on growth charts.


Many types of anti-corrosion coatings are available for use on buried pipelines. The Gas Research Institute (Chicago, Illinois) conducted a survey to assess and compare pipeline companies' major considerations in coatings selection and application and performance monitoring in these subjects


This paper introduces certain new geometric aspects of the Metallic Ratios. Each Metallic Ratio is observed to be closely associated with a special right triangle, which provides the precise fractional expression of that Ratio. This work explicates the geometric substantiation of Metallic Ratio, on basis of the right angled triangle which is the quintessential form of that particular ratio.


The present investigation was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. The station is sited at 31 -57/ N latitude and 30-57 longitude. It has an elevation of about 20 m above sea level and it represents the conditions and circumstances of the middle north Nile Delta. A field experiment was carried out during the season 2014/2015 to study the effect of number of irrigations and sowing date on wheat yield, its components and some water relationships. A split plot design with four replications was used. Sowing date were 15/11 ( D1), 30/11 ( D2) and 15/12 ( D3) occupied the main plots, while irrigation regime were I1 = 5 irrigations , I2 = 4 irrigations and I3 = 3 irrigations, arranged in sub-plots. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: The highest values of water applied and water consumptive use were recorded under ( I1) .On the contrary, the lowest values were recorded under treatment,( I3 ).15 th November as a sowing date significantly increased grain yield, straw yield, spike length, number of tiller, plant height and 1000 grain weight by 18.6, 17.4, 26.7, 17.8, 9.9 and 20.3 % compared to sowing on 15 December (D3). Also sowing on 15 th November significantly increased water productivity by 27.2 %.


The Aeronautical Engineering Technology program has senior level capstone courses that integrate knowledge gained through undergraduate courses. Three of these capstone courses require the students to plan, design, build, test, and implement product or process improvements. Faculty members have designed these courses in the curriculum to focus students on product design and process improvement. The courses use Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology and techniques as a structured approach to problem-solving, product design, and process improvement. This combination of design project experience and LSS knowledge is an advantage for graduates seeking careers in aerospace and aviation, as the LSS methodology is widely used across multiple disciplines to achieve dramatic performance improvements. Many aeronautical engineering technology graduates apply for jobs at major aircraft manufacturers. LSS is one of many valuable skills valued to meet the challenge of filling the gap between engineering, manufacturing, and support. In addition to manufacturing liaison and field engineering positions, these graduates may be hired for positions in scheduling, tooling, design, or purchasing. To better prepare students for these careers, three new courses were developed for capstone design where the students learn and use problem-solving methods and techniques that help them understand the design and improvement of products and processes. Specifically, the courses use two major Lean Six Sigma methodologies: DMAIC and DMEDI. DMAIC is a methodology for process or product improvement with five phases: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. DMEDI is a methodology for process or product design with five phases: Define, Measure, Explore, Develop, and Implement. Both of these LSS methodologies emphasize a data-driven approach to improving processes and the products delivered to customers through reducing waste, reducing variability, and improving speed. This paper discusses the relevance of these methodologies and the implementation in the capstone courses.


According to the characteristic of orbit interception,the model of orbital-maneuver in long-range by multi-pulse and interception in short-range by extended proportional navigation guidance law was established in this paper.The multi-object model of optimize orbital transformation based on fuel cost and miss distance was proposed.The immune clone algorithm which was adopted to optimal orbital transformation based on encoding mode,cloning operation,immunity genetic operation,cloning selection operation were constructed.The simulation results showed that the model designed could solve the optimizing orbital transformation based on fuel cost and miss distance effectively.


Precision genomics studies have demonstrated hyperactivation of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) as a top actionable marker in children, as well as adolescents and young adults (AYA) with osteosarcoma (OS). CDK4/6 binds to cyclin D resulting in a complex that mediates RB phosphorylation leading to cell cycle progression. Preclinical modeling approaches are critical for identification of tumor adaptive responses to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) as well as validation of alternative or combination therapies. Although CDK4/6i are clinically well-validated, cytostatic effects make combination treatments essential. Moreover, concomitant dysregulation of CDK4/6 and PI3K/mTOR pathways are observed in aggressive OS. Multiple positive feedback loops between these pathways exacerbate the hyperactivation of CDK4/6 and PI3K/mTOR signaling. Thus, we hypothesize that dual inhibition of CDK4/6 and PI3K/mTOR will be efficacious in RB+ OS PDXs. In this study, OS PDX models TT2-77 (pretreated patient) and HT96 (treatment-naïve patient) with molecular signatures indicative of therapeutic sensitivity to palbociclib (RB+, CDKN2A null, CCND3 amplified) were treated long-term with CDK4/6i (palbociclib) (50 mg/kg), PI3K/mTOR inhibitor (PI3K/mTORi; voxtalisib) (50 mg/kg) or combination palbociclib+voxtalisib. In both PDXs, growth was significantly reduced in single-agent and combination groups compared to vehicle (p<0.05, two-way ANOVA). Importantly, combination palbociclib + voxtalisib was more efficacious than single-agents following prolonged treatment and well tolerated based on histological analyses. Kinome profiling analysis of long-term treated HT96 PDX demonstrated that compared to single agents, dual inhibition of CDK4/6+PI3K/mTOR significantly decreased PI3K pathway activity, including downregulation of Pik3ca, mTOR, and the G2 to M transition regulator CDK1 (-log10[p] ≥1.3). OS metastatic lesion 143B model indicated increased survival based on body scoring criteria in combo versus single agent. In RB+ OS cell lines and TT2-77 xenoline, palbociclib+voxtalisib caused additive-to-synergistic cell growth inhibition, G1 arrest, and minimal apoptosis at clinically relevant doses. Increased activity of senescence biomarker beta-galactosidase indicated that inhibition of CDK4/6 but not PI3K/mTOR induced significant levels of senescence in OS cells. Mechanistic siRNA RB studies indicated CDK4/6i effect was partially dependent on RB status. These data provide evidence that combination palbociclib+voxtalisib therapy is safe, efficacious, and increases CDK4/6i efficiency in both pretreated and naive PDX models of OS. These studies provide rationale for earlier therapeutic intervention in pediatric and AYA OS patients with CDK4/6 hyperactivation signatures.
 Citation Format: Farinaz Barghi, M. Reza Saadatzadeh, Erika Dobrota, Rada Malko, Barbara J Bailey, Courtney Young, Harlan E. Shannon, Ryli Justice, Niknam Riyahi, Khadijeh Bijangi-Vishehsaraei, Melissa Trowbridge, Kathy Coy, Felicia M Kennedy, Anthony L Sinn, Amber Mosley, Steve Angus, Michael J. Ferguson, Pankita H. Pandya, Karen E. Pollok. Osteosarcoma patient-derived xenografts derived from naive and pretreated metastatic patients with high-risk CDK4/6 hyperactivation signatures are sensitive to dual inhibition of CDK4/6 and PI3K/mTOR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6728.


PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficiency of frontalis muscle suspension for treating traumatic ptosis.

METHODS
Frontalis muscle suspension of the upper lid was performed on 43 patients with traumatic ptosis over 6 months after the injuries. The mean follow-up time was 18 months. The height of palpebral fissure, contour of the upper lid margin, status of eye closure and the condition of the cornea were examined.

RESULTS
Satisfactory results were achieved in 28 patients and marked improvement was observed in 13 patients. The overall effectiveness rate was 95.4%.

CONCLUSION
Frontalis muscle suspension is an effective and safe treatment for traumatic ptosis.


The advent of the soft keyboard/touchscreen keyboard has led to a revolution in the development of typing processes. Earlier the work was done using type writers, which got revolutionized when keyboards came into being. This has been further revolutionized by the


The questions that I want to ask in this paper are centred around the situation of the student dancer as she stands at the side of the studio in technique class, watching her teacher and her colleagues perform. The world she inhabits at that moment is pregnant with the potential for success or failure. She watches her teacher demonstrate some material. She must make sense of this material and attempt to perform it herself. On what basis does she do this? How aware is she of the process that she attempts to direct herself through? If she successfully performs her teacher's material she will be happy—she will have had a "good" experience. If she is unsuccessful she may become despondent. All of this occurs in the context of how her student colleagues perform in the same task—whether she gauges herself to do better or worse than her peers. In the context of this class she must move between the roles of "spectator" and "performer." How she "feels" about her performance in each of these roles and her negotiation of herself between them, I would think, are of the utmost importance, both to how well she performs and also to her state of happiness.


An easy‐to‐use technique for the localization and imaging of local shunts in solar cells is introduced. The method is based on temperature‐sensitive polymer‐dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal foils, covering the reverse‐biased solar cell. The unique optical properties of the cholesteric liquid crystal, known as selective reflection, render the local shunts of a solar cell visible as a color distribution in the foil, which is directly correlated with the spatial shunt distribution. The novel method is applied to several laboratory and commercial silicon solar cells and its high sensitivity is demonstrated. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Probabilistic Roadmap (PRM) is one of the methods for finding the shortest path between Beginning and destination way-points on maritime shipping routes. The main behavior of the algorithm is based on assigning randomly distributed nodes on search space, finding the alternative routes, and then selecting the shortest one among them. As its name indicates, these path candidates are determined according to the position of the randomly distributed nodes at the beginning of the PRM algorithm. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain the global (or near global) shortest path. Hence, in this paper, two issues are considered i) omit the randomness with the previously proposed methodologies and ii) reduce the total track mileage with the aid of Hooke-Jeeves algorithm which is one of the classical optimization algorithm. To present the performance of this proposed framework, 20 different scenarios are defined. The PRM-HJ couple and PRM are applied to all these test problems and results are compared with respect to the total track mileage.


A watershed system includes river/stream networks, overland regions, and subsurface
media. This paper presents a numerical model of sediment and reactive chemical
transport in river/stream networks of watershed systems. The distribution of
mobile suspended sediments and immobile bed sediments is controlled by hydrological
transport as well as erosion and deposition processes. The distribution and fate of
chemical species with a variety of chemical and physical processes is
mathematically described by a system of advective-dispersive-reactive species-
transport equations. Each equation in the system simply states that the rate of
increase of a species is due to hydrology transport and the production rate from
all reactions contributing to the species. The system is very stiff if some of
reactions are very fast; in the limit with infinite rates. To circumvent the stiff
problem, fast reactions must be decoupled from slow reactions. A matrix
decomposition procedure is performed via the Gauss-Jordan column reduction of the
reaction network. After matrix decomposition, the system of species-transport
equations is transformed to a system of reaction extent-transport equations, in
which one and only one linearly independent reaction rate appears in any reaction-
extent equation. This facilitates the decoupling of fast reactions from slow
reactions. Each of the reaction-extent transport equations with the one and only
one fast reaction is then approximated with an algebraic equation and its reaction-
extent is called an equilibrium variable. Thus the system of reaction-extent
transport equations is reduced three subsets: (1) algebraic equations, (2) kinetic-
variable transport equations, and (3) component transport equations. A variety of
numerical methods are investigated for solving the mixed differential and algebraic
equations (DAE). Two verification examples are compared with analytical solutions
to demonstrate the correctness of and to emphasize the need of implementing various
numerical options and coupling strategies for application-dependent simulations. A
hypothetical example is employed to demonstrate the capability of the model to
simulate both sediment and reactive chemical transport and to handle complex
reaction networks involving both slow and fast reactions.


The present invention is, for example, in the process of releasing a metal sheet material, such as a steel plate material used in the vehicle body wound in an uncoiler (uncoiler) in a coiled state, cut in a predetermined shape in the press to align and load on the mounting table The present invention relates to a metal plate material shock absorbing filing stopper that helps the steel plate material cut in the press to be accurately loaded on the mounting table. To this end, the present invention is cut into a predetermined shape by the blocking press 107 and moved to the piler 109, the individual steel plate material 100 moved to the piler 109 before being loaded on the mounting table 110 In the shock-absorbing pile stopper (1) for stopping, the stopper (1) is a cushion pad (2) on which the iron plate material (100) collides, and the cushion pad (2) has a plurality of guides on which springs (3) are mounted. A supporter 5 connected via bars 4 and a slider 7 connected to an air cylinder 6 disposed between the supporter 5 and the cushion pad 2, the supporter 50 being The worm wheel 10 of the supporter 5 is engaged with the worm gear 11 of the casing 8 while being connected via the casing 5 and the hinge shaft 9.


In Germany there is a huge discrepancy between positive attitudes toward physical activity and actual practice of sport. According to representative studies more than 80% of the population is convinced that for various reasons, especially those of health, it is very important to take up a sport (Kaschuba, 1989). However, only 21% of the male and no more than 14% of the female population (older than 14) were reported to practice a sport at least once a week (Opaschowski, 1995). This article focuses on the question of how a relationship to sport develops in the course of the lives of girls and women. The empirical data derives from a project on "Sport in the Lives of Women" in which women active in football (soccer), gymnastics/aerobics and tennis were interviewed about their biographies and their experience with physical activities. The theoretical background is based on approaches towards life course and biography, gender and gender relations, and socialization. Typical patterns of sport involvement in th...


Additional index words. Inca lily, Peruvian lily, substrate cooling Abstract. Red- and pink-flowering cultivars of Alstroemeria were grown with and without cooling tubes placed in the growing medium. Cooling tubes were placed im- mediately below, 5 cm below, and 10 cm below the surface of the medium. Cooling was obtained by circulating well water (10 to 15C) through polyethylene tubing. Air and media temperatures were recorded every 3 to 10 days in the morning and in the late afternoon to determine if positioning of the cooling tubes had an effect on the medium temperature. The air temperature was warmer than the noncooled medium, which, in turn, was significantly warmer than the cooled medium. There were no significant differences in media temperatures among the three cooling treatments. Flowering of cooled Alstroemeria cultivars continued for 2 months longer at the end of the summer and reinitiated 1 month earlier than the noncooled control. Both cultivars produced significantly more total flowers when grown in cooled medium. Flower pro- duction was greatest in the summer for plants with tubes 10 cm below the surface and least for plants in noncooled medium. This trend continued when flowering was rein- itiated; however, by April of the following year, all treatments were equal in flower production. Flowering of Alstroemeria, the Inca lily, is controlled by a phasic mechanism in which light and temperature directly affect flow- ering and vegetative shoot production (Healy et al.. 1982; Heins and Wilkins, 1979). Early experiments demonstrated that Alstroemeria grown at air temperatures of 13C produced more flowers than those grown at 18 or 21C (Healy and Wilkins, 1982). However, the temperature of the substrate was found to be the crucial factor for flowering Alstroemeria (Healy and Wilkins, 1982; Keil-Gunderson et al., 1989). To maintain flowering in benched Alstroemeria. rhizomes must be held at 5 to 15C (Heins and Wilkins, 1979); if long photoperiods and/or high light intensity accompany the cool rhizomes, flowering of Alstroemeria continues indefinitely (Healy et


Objective To explore the influence of body mass index(BMI)on the children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods According to BMI,166 children aged 3 to 6 years old were divided into four groups of A(10 cases with BMI≤13.5),B(107 caseswith 13.5BMI≤18),C(31 cases with 18BMI20)and D(18 cases with BMI≥20).The data of apnea hypopnea index(AHI),lowest oxygen saturation(LaSO2),average oxygen saturation(ASaO2),≥3% oxygen desaturation index(≥3% ODI)and snore index(SI)were analysed with polysomonograph(PSG).Results There were no significant differences in AHI,LaSO2,ASaO2,≥3%ODI and SI among the 4 groups(P0.05).AHI,LaSO2,ASaO2,≥3% ODI and SI were not significantly correlated to BMI in 4 groups(P0.05).Conclusion There is no close correlation between OSAHS and BMI in OSAHS children.


Introduction. The active development of digital tools and technologies, including for the organization of training, has led to a variety of situations that could not be ignored, in particular, the construction of various forms of distance learning (traditional and innova-tive lectures, as well as seminars). There are practically no studies in the scientific litera-ture that can explain how and with the help of which learning situations and forms of learning it is possible to achieve activity, productivity, efficiency, as well as successful assimilation of educational material by students in a distance format. The purpose of the study: to identify the relationship between situational variables and the effectiveness of leaders in the distance learning format. Materials and methods: the study was carried out in 2 stages. At the first stage, a quasi-experimental study was conducted to identify the relationship between situational variables and the effectiveness of students in the distance learning format. At the second stage, a search study was conducted in order to identify the personal qualities of leaders who showed their activity in several indicators: acting as a speaker, nominating a candidate for a leadership position (conference coun-cil) and the presence of comments /reactions to the individual work "Smart Book". In addition, at the second stage of the study, respondents have passed a number of meth-ods: "Professional and managerial roles" (T.Y. Bazarov), "Communicative and organiza-tional roles" (T.Y. Bazarov), "Styles of responding to changes" (T.Y. Bazarov, M.P. Sycheva). Data processing was carried out using MS Excel. Results and output. Tradi-tional forms of distance learning contribute to reducing the effectiveness of students in the educational process. Innovative forms of distance learning contribute to increasing the efficiency of students in the educational process. Students who are active in the or-ganizational sphere of activity achieve high efficiency in learning. Students who are ac-tive in a meaningful field of activity achieve low efficiency in learning. Students who are active in the emotional sphere of activity achieve average efficiency in learning.


Rett syndrome (RTT) andMECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) are neurodevelopmental disorders caused by alterations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene expression. A relationship betweenMECP2 loss-of-function mutations and oxidative stress has been previously documented in RTT patients and murine models. To date, no data on oxidative stress have been reported for theMECP2 gain-of-function mutations in patients with MDS. In the present work, the pro-oxidant status and oxidative fatty acid damage in MDS was investigated (subjects n = 6) and compared to RTT (subjects n = 24) and healthy condition (subjects n = 12). Patients withMECP2 gain-of-function mutations showed increased oxidative stress marker levels (plasma non-protein bound iron, intraerythrocyte non-protein bound iron, F2-isoprostanes, and F4-neuroprostanes), as compared to healthy controls (P 0.05). Such increases were similar to those observed in RTT patients except for higher plasma F2-isoprostanes levels (P < 0.0196). Moreover, plasma levels of F2-isoprostanes were significantly correlated (P = 0.0098) with the size of the amplified region. The present work shows unique data in patients affected by MDS. For the first timeMECP2 gain-of-function mutations are indicated to be linked to an oxidative damage and related clinical symptoms overlapping with those ofMECP2 loss-of-function mutations. A finely tuned balance of MECP2 expression appears to be critical to oxidative stress homeostasis, thus shedding light on the relevance of the redox balance in the central nervous system integrity. PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0150101 March 1, 2016 1 / 12 OPEN ACCESS Citation: Signorini C, De Felice C, Leoncini S, Møller RS, Zollo G, Buoni S, et al. (2016) MECP2 Duplication Syndrome: Evidence of Enhanced Oxidative Stress. A Comparison with Rett Syndrome. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0150101. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0150101 Editor: Dilek Colak, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, SAUDI ARABIA Received: September 28, 2015 Accepted: February 9, 2016 Published: March 1, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Signorini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper. Funding: The present work was funded by the Tuscan Region (Bando Salute 2009; "Antioxidants— omega-3 polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, lipoic acid— supplementation in Rett syndrome: A novel approach to therapy," RT no. 142). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.


A method is proposed for bounding the numerical instability in Gaussian elimination. The computational cost of obtaining the bound contributes little to the cost of the elimination. The bound is a slight improvement on that given by Erisman and Reid.


Spontaneous splenic rupture in pregnancy is a rare condition, associated with very high maternal mortality rate and fetal wastage. It is frequently misdiagnosed at presentation. We report a case of a 33-year-old, gravida 2, para 1 lady at 29 weeks' gestation with spontaneous splenic rupture, which was initially diagnosed as hypovolaemic shock due to ruptured uterus. Spontaneous splenic rupture as a cause of shock and abdominal pain should be considered whenever uterine rupture is suspected in the second half of pregnancy. Keywords : Spontaneous, spleen, rupture, pregnancy, twins


Strength three two-level orthogonal arrays with the number of runs (N) equaling twice the number of factors (k) are second-order saturated (SOS) designs. That is, for such designs one can construct a saturated model with an intercept, k (= N/2) main effects, and N/2 − 1 two-factor interactions. Projections of this design onto subsets of factors provide no more degrees of freedom for two-factor interactions. This article explores the construction of other second-order saturated strength three arrays that allocate more than N/2 degrees of freedom for two-factor interactions. These new orthogonal arrays are constructed using two methods, one based on a foldover technique that reverses the signs of a subset of the columns of the strength three orthogonal array with k = N/2, and the second based on the Kronecker product of an SOS design and a Hadamard matrix. We compare these new designs with respect to their generalized word length and alias length patterns.


As readers of this Journal know, today self-help groups number in the hundreds of thousands, and they bring together people who wish to address a very wide variety of burdens—from parents of children with various types of disabilities to children with parents with various sorts of troubles. In each group, however, the method is the same: peers come together who are confronting the same type of problem and by creating a non-judgmental context in which they can share their lived experiences as equal persons, they seek to inspire the insight and courage necessary for personal acceptance and change. In the last several decades, in a parallel universe, thousands of people, in this country and in many others, with a common economic need—to earn a livelihood, to have a decent place to live, to have nutritious food—have also come together on an equal footing to build self-managing organizations in which they can earn a living or provide for their food or shelter. They have created all sorts of experiments in cooperative workplaces and collaborative communities— from hybrid organizations like SEWA in India that are part union, part cooperative to micro-credit groups of five women each in the villages of Bangladesh to the workers' cooperatives in developed nations like the United States. In the examples of cooperatives and self-reliant communities reported in this volume, as in the self-help groups, members reject the conventional dictates of bureaucratic rules and hierarchal relationships because they have found them self-defeating,


The effect of nanoparticle modification on the interlaminar shear fracture behavior of carbon fibre/ epoxy laminates were studied by the End Notched Flexure (ENF) tests. The mode II fracture toughness was improved in the presence of these nanoparticles although nano-rubber was more effective compared to nano -silica. Examination of the fracture surfaces of composite laminates by scanning electron microscopy showed no debonding of nano-silica particles but some evidence of nano-rubber cavitation. Anti-Symmetric Four- Point Bending (ASFPB) tests of the nanoparticles modified epoxies was conducted and the results indicated that nano-silica was more effective in toughening bulk epoxy, but this high toughness could not be effectively transferred to mode II delamination in the composite laminates. Finite element analysis was performed to confirm the predominant Mode II stress state of the ASFPB test.


Efficient deep learning-based approaches have achieved remarkable performance in single image super-resolution. However, recent studies on efficient super-resolution have mainly focused on reducing the number of parameters and floating-point operations through various network designs. Although these methods can decrease the number of parameters and floating-point operations, they may not necessarily reduce actual running time. To address this issue, we propose a novel multi-stage lightweight network boosting method, which can enable lightweight networks to achieve outstanding performance. Specifically, we leverage enhanced high-resolution output as additional supervision to improve the learning ability of lightweight student networks. Upon convergence of the student network, we further simplify our network structure to a more lightweight level using reparameterization techniques and iterative network pruning. Meanwhile, we adopt an effective lightweight network training strategy that combines multi-anchor distillation and progressive learning, enabling the lightweight network to achieve outstanding performance. Ultimately, our proposed method achieves the fastest inference time among all participants in the NTIRE 2023 efficient super-resolution challenge while maintaining competitive super-resolution performance. Additionally, extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed components. The results show that our approach achieves comparable performance in representative dataset DIV2K, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with faster inference and fewer number of network parameters.


Even if, in order to collaborate, designers need to reach interdesigner compatible representations, the representations they construct are not necessarily identical—even if they co-construct them. This paper analyses different forms of differences between different designers' mental representations in collaborative design. We thus aim to complement the current literature on collaborative design, which, around notions such as "shared representation," "cognitive synchronisation," and "common ground" does not pay much attention to the differences (yet does not exclude them neither). In general, people do not know the representations other people have constructed. We credit collaborating designers with an implicit hypothesis of interdesigner representation concurrence. Yet, designers may explicitly build conjectures concerning representations of colleagues—and check them. Differences of representation may also become explicit in reaction to objections or questions concerning one's views. Still, many differences of representation are never made explicit, or solved. This is one of the questions discussed in the final section, as are some possible causes of differences between representations, and issues related to their implicit character and their level, amongst which the question of collaborating designers leaving implicit the concurrence or divergence of their colleagues' representations with their own.


Objective  Patients with colorectal cancer who need a stoma should undergo preoperative marking of the stoma site and education by a trained stomatherapist. This study examined the care received by ostomy patients with colorectal cancer in Spanish colorectal surgery units, to assess its quality and to detect areas for improvement.


SupposeX is a real or complex Banach space with dual X* and a semiscalar product ). For k a real number, a subset B ofX X will be called k-dissipative iffor each pair ofelements


The West Virginia Mountaineers, winners of the 2015 Sample Return Robot Challenge, will be recognized for their achievement at an event from 3 to 4 p.m. EDT on Monday, Sept. 21, in Room 385 of the Senate Russell Office Building in Washington. Media are invited to attend and meet the team members.


This study investigated student's use of different social media tools, their perceptions and attitudes towards these tools, their preference of social media for instructional purpose, and acceptance of social media among, pre-service teachers in Nigeria and Rwanda. This study adopted a comparative survey design, and Nigeria and Rwanda were chosen as sample region through purposive sampling. The population of the study included 487 higher education students of the faculty of education; 246 of them were Nigerians and 241 were Rwandese. They comprised of 212 male and 267 females. The findings of the study revealed that pre-service teachers in both countries have adequate knowledge of different type of social media sites. The findings show that the level of preference of social media site is very high in both countries among the pre-service teachers. Pre-service teachers in both countries are willing to use social media technology to support learning. Pre-service teachers in both countries have a positive attitude towards the use of social media for instruction purposes p<0.05). Also, Facebook was discovered to be the most popular social networking site among them followed by Twitter and Google+. Rwandese pre-service teachers used Skype more than their counterparts in Nigeria. Based on these findings recommendations were made that establishment of educational technology units in the faculties of education in Rwanda, also curricular underlying teacher educational programs should ensure that these knowledge and beliefs are emphasized when designing educational technology courses as well as modifying the content the courses so that student teachers have greater engagement in technology. Nigeria still has a lot to explore in the use of social media for instruction purpose therefore further in-depth studies should be carried out.  Article visualizations:


Perhaps it's no surprise that one of the earliest known examples of writing features two basic human concerns: alcohol and work. About 5000 years ago, the people living in the city of Uruk, in modern day Iraq, wrote in a picture language called cuneiform. On one tablet excavated from the area they can see a human head eating from a bowl meaning "ration", and a conical vessel, meaning "beer". Scattered around are scratches recording the amount of beer for a particular worker. It's the worlds oldest known payslip. implying that the concept of worker and employer was familiar five millennia ago. Here, Borris talks about the changes in people's daily activities after a thousand years.


When the oil fields exploration enters the period of high water-cut,fine description of reservoir structure is of great significance to improve the effect of oil exploration.As abandoned channels are important basis for identification of point-bar sand bodies and single channels boundary,the mud or sand and shale inter bedded sedimentary on the top of abandoned channels keeps off fluids in reservoir,so it is essential scientific basis for analyzing reservoir structure deeply and tapping remaining oil to identify the abandoned channels correctly.We take PⅠ31 layer in Xingnan development area for example,by analyzing the plane and section sedimentary characters of abandoned channels,utilizing method of relative depth contour of sand top,combining plane patterns of sand distribution and log curves response characteristics of abandoned channels,26 abandoned channels of different size are identified in PⅠ31 layer of the area,and the width is generally around 100 m.Compared with gradually disposable abandoned channels,three sudden disposable abandoned channels sand bending degree is even bigger and extension range is shorter,and the sedimentary thickness is between 2 and 8 meters.As the lateral block action of inter bedded sandstone and mudstone or mud stone,the semi-communicated sand body combined with abandoned channels and general channels brings about unbalanced injection and production system for having injection no production or having production no injection.Top of channels sand becomes favorable zone for collection of residual oil,which is the focal points for further excavation.


Abstract Tall wheatgrass, Thinopyrum ponticum, is a perennial grass that is widely sown on saline land for grazing and soil conservation. However, the true potential of the species is seldom realised, because tall wheatgrass is truly a neglected resource. Once sown the grass is often subjected to very poor grazing management, if it is grazed at all. Tall wheatgrass has received little attention from researchers, to the extent that some 40 years after the introduction of the species to Australia, recommendations on the management of tall wheatgrass swards for persistence and productivity are still incomplete. This will remain so until more research into the basic agronomy and animal production potential oftall wheatgrass is completed. This short review summarises changes to the taxonomy of tall wheatgrass, the historical use of tall wheatgrass in Australia, recent agronomic research, and its animal production potential. The review also identifies some priorities for further research.


This volume makes a critical reassessment of a sculptor whose work was considered important in his time and has been unjustly neglected since his death. The sculpture of Maurice Lambert (1901-1964) can be linked stylistically with the movements of his time - Surrealism and Art Deco - but is also highly eclectic. Lambert worked prolifically in his studio, but also undertook a wide variety of commissions for public buildings, fountains, ocean liners and portraits - both public and private. Although his early work could be viewed as quite radical, as Professor of Sculpture at the Royal Academy he became closely linked with the establishment, and towards the end of his life upheld essentially conventional views on the role and function of art. Lambert's interest in the primitive and the art of other cultures, his experimentation with materials and in his investigations into form and movement show that he shared the concerns of his contemporaries. He had a series of important and critically well-received one-man shows in the late 1920s and early 1930s, and by the mid-1930s was ranked with Moore, Hepworth, Skeaping and Dobson as one of the leading new group of sculptors who were "changing the path of sculpture".


The key \vords here are hospital and training. What then is a hospital? The Webster' s New Collegiate Dictionary defines it in three ways:


During the recent decades, non-volatile memory (NVM) has been anticipated to scale up the main memory size, improve the performance of applications, and reduce the speed gap between main memory and storage devices, while supporting persistent storage to cope with power outages. However, to fit NVM, all existing DRAM-based applications have to be rewritten by developers. Therefore, the developer must have a good understanding of targeted application codes, so as to manually distinguish and store data fit for NVM. In order to intelligently facilitate NVM deployment for existing legacy applications, we propose a universal heterogeneous cache hierarchy which is able to automatically select and store the appropriate data of applications for non-volatile memory (UHNVM), without compulsory code understanding. In this article, a program context (PC) technique is proposed in the user space to help UHNVM to classify data. Comparing to the conventional hot or cold files categories, the PC technique can categorize application data in a fine-grained manner, enabling us to store them either in NVM or SSDs efficiently for better performance. Our experimental results using a real Optane dual-inline-memory-module (DIMM) card show that our new heterogeneous architecture reduces elapsed times by about 11% compared to the conventional kernel memory configuration without NVM.


BECOMING WESTERN: A POSTCOLONIAL READING OF JUN'ICHIRŌ TANIZAKI'S NAOMI Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu ABSTRACT A novel represents a lot of meanings. Naomi is a novel which portrays westernization in 1920's Japan. This study attempts to analyze the issue of mimicry in a central character, Naomi, in Junichiro Tanizaki'sNaomi and how mimicry affects the characterization in the process of character development. To investigate mimicry in this novel, this study employed a qualitative method which focuses on providing the portrait of Naomi, and her transformation on becoming westernized modern girl. The analysis began by identifying ambivalence from Naomi's practice of mimicry, then, categorizing the ambivalence based on the meanings. The analysis reveals that the process of mimicry acted by Naomi can be seen in four aspects: physical resemblance, materialism and consumerism, intelligence, and etiquette. The findings suggest that mimicry shapes Naomi into an in-between moga (modern girl) that is caught between two cultures, Japanese and Western cultures, as evidenced in her ways of being and acting. From the analysis, it can be concluded that Naomi is a representation of Japanese's moga or modern girl who mimics the Westerners' way of acting, but fails to be equal with Westerners in their way of being.


Modeling the interactions among individuals in a group is essential for group activity recognition (GAR). Various graph neural networks (GNNs) are regarded as popular modeling methods for GAR, as they can characterize the interaction among individuals at a low computational cost. The performance of the current GNN-based modeling methods is affected by two factors. Firstly, their local receptive field in the mapping layer limits their ability to characterize the global interactions among individuals in spatial–temporal dimensions. Secondly, GNN-based GAR methods do not have an efficient mechanism to use global activity consistency and individual action consistency. In this paper, we argue that the global interactions among individuals, as well as the constraints of global activity and individual action consistencies, are critical to group activity recognition. We propose new convolutional operations to capture the interactions among individuals from a global perspective. We use contrastive learning to maximize the global activity consistency and individual action consistency for more efficient recognition. Comprehensive experiments show that our method achieved better GAR performance than the state-of-the-art methods on two popular GAR benchmark datasets.


This report summarizes the activites at the 4th International Workshop on Optical Waveguide Theory, held at Leuwenhorst Holland on 13–16 September 1979.


There is controversy regarding the use of adjuvant therapy in patients with Dukes' B colorectal cancer (CRC). New markers, identifying high‐risk Dukes' B patients, are needed. Here, we examine the utility of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) as such a marker and promoter methylation as a mechanism of RKIP down‐regulation.


With the recent exponential growth of text documents, a word clustering algorithm is an essential approach for making a reduction in a huge amount of text data and unsupervised feature selection on the domain of natural language processing. This paper proposes a novel method of the graph and centroid-based word clustering. The proposed method aims to automatically group similar words into the same cluster and handles noisy text and outliers. The proposed method applies the concepts of the hierarchical agglomerative clustering and K-means algorithm to find similar words according to the criterion of distance range on the co-occurrence graph. The small clusters and isolated words are also merged into another cluster. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method consistently and significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in word clustering algorithms on the ground truth dataset. Besides, the proposed method is unsupervised learning and generic, which could be applied to various tasks of natural language processing and text mining.


The two-volume set, LNCS 9326 and LNCS 9327 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, ESORICS 2015, held in Vienna, Austria, in September 2015. The 59 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 298 submissions. The papers address issues such as networks and Web security; system security; crypto application and attacks; risk analysis; privacy; cloud security; protocols and attribute-based encryption; code analysis and side-channels; detection and monitoring; authentication; policies; and applied security.


Learning to program is known to be difficult for novices. High attrition and high failure rates in foundation-level programming courses undertaken at tertiary level in Computer Science programs, are commonly reported. A common approach to evaluating novice programming ability is through a combination of formative and summative assessments, with the latter typically represented by a final examination. Preparation of such assessment is driven by instructor perceptions of student learning of programming concepts. This in turn may yield instructor perspectives of summative assessment that do not necessarily correlate with student expectations or abilities. In this article, we present results of our study around instructor perspectives of summative assessment for novice programmers. Both quantitative and qualitative data have been obtained via survey responses from programming instructors with varying teaching experience, and from novice student responses to targeted examination questions. Our findings highlight that most of the instructors believed that summative assessment is, and is meant to be, a valid measure of a student's ability to program. Most instructors further believed that Multiple-choice Questions (MCQs) provide a means of testing a low level of understanding, and a few added qualitative comments to suggest that MCQs are easy questions, and others refused to use them at all. There was no agreement around the proposition that if a question was designed to test a low level of skill, or a low level in a hierarchy of a body of knowledge, that such a question should or would be found to be easy by the student. To aid our analysis of assessment questions, we introduced four measures: Syntax Knowledge; Semantic Knowledge; Problem Solving Skill and the Level of Difficulty of the Problem. We applied these measures to selected examination questions, and have identified gaps between the instructor perspectives of what is considered to be an easy question and also in what is required to be assessed to determine whether students have achieved the goals of their course.


The purpose of this paper is to delineate performance of green supply chain management of Ethiopian Tannery Industry. To address the claims an explanatory research method has been used. The populations of the study were tanneries operating in Ethiopia. The respondents involved in this study were managers of tanneries, industry location development & environment protection directorate of the Ministry of Industry, Compliance & Monitoring Control and Environmental Law & Standards Directorates of the Ministry of Environments & Forest, and Leather & Leather Production Technology Institute. The quantitative data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed out that an organizational commitment, green purchasing, marketing practices, investment recovery, eco-design and environmental practices are not well considered by the Ethiopian Tanneries to green the whole supply chain. The study also showed that majority of tanneries didn't have separate environmental unit which is responsible for all emissions and due to this they emit wastes without proper treatments consequently this practice is seriously affecting the nearby dweller. The environmental proclamations, policies and regulations for tannery industry are stringent but nothing actions were taken by the concerned bodies. The study suggests government offices to devise appropriate monitoring scheme, capacity building program, and integrative supply chain thinking to curb the problems and to support sustainable economic development program of the country.


.D. Purpose: To evaluate the role of antegrade balloon dilatation and uteteral stenting in benign ureteral strictures Materials and Methods: Percutaneous antegrade balloon dilatation was attempted in 46 patients with be nign ureteral strictures. The underlying causes of the strictures were urinary tract tuberculosis in 20 patients , congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction in eight , ureteroneocystostomy or ureteroileostomy state in five , postoperative or post-extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy state for ureteral calculi in eight , ureteral i미ury during surgery in four , and retroperitoneal fibrosis in one Results: Antegrade balloon dilatation was performed with initial technical success in 43 patients but the pro cedure was aborted in the remaining three with urinary tract tuberculosis due to the failure in passing a guidewire through the stenotic lesions. Intravenous urograms obtained 4-76 months after the procedure showed improvements in 76%(13/17) with urinary tract tuberculosis , in 63%(5/8) with congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction , in 88 %(7/8) with strictures associated with ureteral calculi , and in 100 %(4/4) with iatrogenic ureteral injury. The results were relatively poor in strictures of the ureteral anastomosis(1 /5) and in ureteral strictures associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis(0/1) Conclusion : Antegrade balloon dilatation of the urinary tract combined with ureteral stenting was an effec tive technique for the management of the benign ureteral strictures.


The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the activeness and learning outcomes of elementary school students were increased through the Discovery Learning model. The method in this study was classroom action research.This classroom action research was conducted at SD N 1 Danguran Klaten. This research was conducted for 3 months starting from March to Mey 2021 The subjects in this study were 20 students at grade V. The steps of action research included planning, implementation, data collection, and reflection on each step for two cycles. The results of the study stated that students' understanding of the problem of ethnic and cultural diversity in Indonesia, in the first cycle of 7.01% and in the second cycle of 7.80%, was classified as good as well as about learning completion in the first cycle 74.82%. and in the second cycle it became 89.96%.


As wireless networking products and ad-hoc networks become more popular, the resource usage in routing packets for other network users will become an issue for users and developers of ad-hoc wireless products. In this paper, we propose a novel monitoring tool called WANMon (wireless ad-hoc network monitoring tool). WANMon can be installed on a wireless node to monitor resource usage (such as network usage, power usage, memory usage, and CPU usage) at the node, in the context of how much of resource is used for supporting the node's own applications versus the usage for routing data of other network users in an ad-hoc wireless network. We discuss design of WANMon, and present our prototype implementation of WANMon in Linux, which provides a starting point for further research and a basis for developing a fully featured ad-hoc wireless network monitoring tool.


Abstract : The feasibility of using a X-ray fluorescence wear metal monitor to continuously monitor iron concentration levels in the lubrication system of an operating gas turbine engine was demonstrated. The X-ray wear metal monitor maintained oil seal integrity under the temperature and pressure environment of both laboratory simulated and actual engine operating conditions. The monitor also demonstrated the ability to make significant measurements of the iron concentration level in flowing MIL-L-7808 oil, under both laboratory and engine conditions, within a standard deviation of plus or minus three parts per million. This sensitivity is consistent with experience from the Spectrometric Oil Analysis Program.


The Ames mutagenicity test in Salmonella typhimurium is a bacterial short-term in vitro assay aimed at detecting the mutagenicity caused by chemicals. Mutagenicity is considered as an early alert for carcinogenicity. After a number of decades, several (Q)SAR studies on this endpoint yielded enough evidence to make feasible the construction of reliable computational models for prediction of mutagenicity from the molecular structure of chemicals. In this study, we propose a combination of a fragment-based SAR model and an inductive database. The hybrid system was developed using a collection of 4337 chemicals (2401 mutagens and 1936 nonmutagens) and tested using 753 independent compounds (437 mutagens and 316 nonmutagens). The overall error of this system on the external test set compounds is 15% (sensitivity = 15%, specificity = 15%), which is quantitatively similar to the experimental error of Ames test data (average interlaboratory reproducibility determined by the National Toxicology Program). Moreover, each single prediction is provided with a specific confidence level. The results obtained give confidence that this system can be applied to support early and rapid evaluation of the level of mutagenicity concern.


Deconfinement phase transition is studied in the FL model at finite temperature and chemical potential. At MFT approximation, phase transition can only be first order in the whole μ-T phase plane. Using a Landau expansion, we further study the phase transition order and the possible phase diagram of deconfinement. We discuss the possibilities of second order phase transitions in the FL model. From our analysis, if the cubic term in the Landau expansion could be cancelled by the higher order fluctuations, second order phase transition may occur. By an ansatz of the Landau parameters, we obtain a possible phase diagram with both the first and second order phase transitions, including the tri-critical point which is similar to that of the chiral phase transition.


Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for multiplexing/demultiplexing video data. According to the present invention, the method for multiplexing the video data comprises the step of adding a reproducing state of a CRA picture, that is, a predetermined syntax for indicating whether or not there is general reproduction and reproduction using a random access, to a header of transmission unit data which multiplexes the CPA picture used for the random access.


Many advocates of interpretive approaches to the study of politics emphasize that what is at stake is a conflict between "quantitative" versus "qualitative" methods. By contrast, we begin by suggesting that political scientists are free to use whichever method they find most useful for their research purposes. Instead of methodological reasons for making the interpretive turn, political scientists have ethical reasons for adopting this paradigm. In particular, interpretive approaches give political scientists a better account of the nature and role of values in human life, a sense for how the historical past is ethically relevant, the ability to advance politically engaged sociologies, and a deliberative critique of technocracy. Political scientists should be free to critically engage, scrutinize, and even normatively evaluate human ethical positions.


In this study, we developed a program of optimizing stand-level carbon stock using a stand-level yield model and the Simulated Annealing (SA) heuristic method to derive a optimized forest treatment solution. The SA is one of the heuristic algorithms that can provide a desirable management solution when dealing with various management purposes. The SA heuristic algorithm applied 'thermal equilibrium test', a thresholds approach to solve the phenomenon that does not find an optimum solution and stays at a local optimum value during the process. We conducted a sensitivity test for the temperature reduction rate, the major parameter of the thermal equilibrium test, to analyze its influence on the objective function value and the total iteration of the optimization process. Using the developed program, three scenarios were compared: a common treatment in forestry (baseline), the optimized solution of maximizing the amount of harvest(alternative 1), and the optimized solution of maximizing the amount of carbon stocks(alternative 2). As the results, we found that the alternative 1 showed provide acceptable solutions for the objectives. From the sensitivity test, we found that the objective function value and the total iteration of the process can be significantly influenced by the temperature reduction rate. The developed program will be practically used for optimizing stand-level carbon stock and developing optimized treatment solutions. ▸


The excitation energy and nucleon composition dependence of the transition from asymmetric to symmetric scission of fission observables of Th(Pa) and U(Np) nuclei is interpreted for nucleon‐induced fission cross sections of 232Th(p,F)(232Th(n,F)) and 238U(p,F) (238U(n,F)) reactions at En(p) = 1–200 MeV. Predominantly symmetric fission in 232Th(p,F) and roughly equal contributions of symmetric and asymmetric modes in 238U(n,F) at En(p) = 200 MeV as revealed by experimental branching ratios is reproduced. Steep transition from asymmetric to symmetric fission with increase of nucleon incident energy is due to fission of neutron‐deficient Th(Pa) (A<229) nuclei, since about 20 neutron‐deficient nuclides might contribute to the fission reaction at En(p)∼200 MeV. A structure of the potential energy surface (a drop of symmetric and asymmetric fission barriers difference (ESYMf−EASYMf) from ∼3.5 MeV to ∼1 MeV) of N‐deficient Pa nuclides (A<226) and available phase space at outer fission saddles, are shown to be re...


The list of decapod and stomatopod crustacean fauna of Rhodes island (SE Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean Sea) is updated, with the addition of 14 decapods and one stomatopod collected during the last six years. The occurrence of the pelagic crab Planes minutus is recorded for the first time in the Hellenic waters, while the finding of the species Parasquilla ferussaci, Paractaea monodi, Paragalene longicrura and Spinolambrus macrochelos, rarely captured in the Mediterranean Sea, is documented in detail, with notes on their geographical distribution. The crustaceans recorded around the island number today 109 decapod and 4 stomatopod species. About 16% of them is composed of alien species, mostly entered the South Aegean during the last two decades. A comparison between the decapod fauna of Rhodes and neighboring areas is also presented.


Abstract - First we give a formula (procedure) for the reconstruction of the support function for unknown inclusion by means of the Dirichlet to Neumann map. In the procedure we never make use of the unique continuation property or the Runge approximation property of the governing equation. Second we apply the method to a similar problem for the Helmholtz equation.


Both o r a l and t o p i c a l beta-blockers have been compared with t h e usual anti-glaucoma treatment (53-60). The r e s u l t s have generally shown an equal or superior hypotensive e f fec t of t h e beta-blockers. Adrenergic beta-receptor blockers have been t r i e d with miotics and with carbonic anhydrase inh ib i tors and t h e combinations have had an addi t ive hypotensive e f fec t (53-55). The combination of a betablocker and an unselective adrenergic drug such as adrenalin seems paradoxical and u n t i l recently only a few reports on t h e combination of t o p i c a l beta-blockers with adrenalin had been published (61-66). Tregubova (67) demonstrated an addi t ive hypotensive e f fec t of top ica l 1% propranolol and 2% adrenalin i n pa t ien ts with open angle glaucoma simplex. Favourable r e s u l t s with top ica l t imolol and adrenal i n , showing an addi t ive IOP-reducing ef fec t have a l so been reported (39;40;56;64;68). Higgins t i o n w a s addi t ive on inh ib i t ing t h e formation of aqueous humor, but found no s igni f icant decrease i n t h e IOP. However, Schenker e t a1 (68) found a s ignif icant decrease of t h e IOP a f t e r combining top ica l t imolol and adrenalin. Topical a tenolol combined with adrenalin w a s shown by Rushton (66) t o have an addi t ive hypotensive e f fec t . and Brubaker (63) found t h a t t h i s combina-


In this article, investigated Ni-based Ni2CuCrFeAlx (0.5 ≤ x ≤ 2.5) alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy route. On varying x, the alloy changes from single FCC to single BCC with a transition duplex in FCC/BCC region. The severe scattering effect of lattice in these high-entropy alloys was observed by weak x-ray diffraction intensities. Also, owing to this lattice effect, the observed electrical and thermal conductivity are much smaller than those of pure metal components. On a contrary, because of additional scattering effect of FCC/BCC phase boundaries in the alloys, both conductivity values are even higher than those in the duplex phase region. Present work explains the properties of temperature dependant High-Entropy alloys (HEA's) as a potential new class of thermoelectric materials. The thermoelectric properties can be controlled significantly by changing the valence electron concentration via appropriate substitutional elements. Both the electrical and thermal properties were found to decrease with a lower VEC number. These findings highlight the possibility to exploit HEA's as a new class of futuristic high temperature TE materials.


A 15-year-old boy was admitted with the complaints of disseminated bone pain and epistaxis. He had bicytopenia and elevated LDH. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of bone marrow as...


This study briefly reviews the conventional project appraisal method and presents a new method that takes account of the multiple objectives, conflicts of interests, externalities and intangibles in projects dealing with public goods. A brief historical perspective of traditional methodologies i3 presented which provides a starting point in recommending an alternative appraisal method called Multicriteria Analysis. The discussion of its theoretical premises is presented in earlier chapters. This is followed by a chapter that provides relevant information about the Philippines and about the case study area, Santa Catalina Watershed. The last chapters present an empirical application of a multicriteria analysis variant, the concordance analysis, on the case study area. * The results of the study show that the new methodology can incorporate many issues that are otherwise left out in conventional economic-financial analysis and can overcome some of the major difficulties of cost-benefit analysis. A significant feature of the methodology is its departure from pursuing a single objective function and its attempt to incorporate as many objectives as are considered necessary in the decision framework to reach a 'satisficing compromise" solution. While it does not consider trade-offs in the analysis, the methodology provides for an inter-active procedure which draws the decision-maker into the evaluation process and in the process reveals his hidden preferences and solve the problem of trade-offs. The issue of v time may also be dealt with by compounding the impacts forward to a common terminal date. Uncertainties are taken account of by a more sophisticated sensitivity analysis through stochastic


This paper reports the study of the characteristics of magnetically insulated coaxial diodes (MID) with axial (BZ) and azimuthal (B¿) field. It is shown that unclosed electron drift in these MID with Be-field resulted in quick neutralization of anode-cathode (AC) gap and high-power ion beam (HPIB) generation with amplitudes ten and more times higher than the Child limit, in the first 50 ns. The behavior of diode impedance, electron flow, HPIB amplitudes, angles of divergence, and generation efficiencies were investigated. The possibility of heavy ion beam generation due to electron losses on the anode in MID with Bz-field was shown. The threshold specific energy input values needed for surface plasma formation versus magnetic field strength for different materials were measured. The proton beam generated in MID with Be-field was used to pump a He-Xe-CCl4 laser of L=17 cm length with 3.7% efficiency.


The objective of this research are: to find out the forms of failure of reading in English texts in English learning, to find out the factors influencing the failure of reading English texts in English learning, to find out how does the failure of reading English texts influence English learning process, to find out the ways of teacher to overcame failure of reading English texts in English learning among students. The result of the research are: The less time allocation of teaching and learning, The lack of students" self-confident in English learning because of the lack of vocabulary. The dominant factor influencing the failures of reading English texts in English learning are: the students" weak understanding of grammar and vocabulary. The teacher"s effort to overcame reading failure are: asking the students to make exercise of English learning by working in groups, Asking the students to read English text and then asking the other students to scrutinize it. Keywords : Failure of reading ;English text ; English learning ; Teacher's effort.


In company with reform and opening door went a profound transformation in cultural and ideological values,in which some new patterns of social values arose,were screened,confirmed,and reshaped in practice.First,the structure of Chinese society is converting from "fields unification" to "fields splitting".With the nationalization of society,the wholesome social values are progressing gradually from "equality" to "development",and to even deeper level.Next,the evolution of social values lashed by reform and opening door indicates not only a necessary historical process with regularity but also a process coinciding with the contemporary interests of Chinese common people with reasonableness,which show themselves primarily in the confirmation of demand of interests of plural practitioners and in the establishment of location of new social values.Finally,for the aims of this process,emphasis is laid on the establishment of a justice-based socialism and a rational confidence in a harmonious society,namely,concern with people's life,reform for interests distribution,and stress on sharing the fruit of development.


This research investigates the possibility of the provision of urban bus transit services in selected markets by a private for-profit carrier. The heart of the research is a private market model which models the way in which a for-profit carrier selects service quality and price. The purpose of the private market model is to facilitate analysis of situations in which a private transit provider would, or could be induced to, provide service. The results indicate that profitable service is feasible in a wide variety of market situations when the only alternative is the private car. Moreover, there is considerable felexiblity available to the private carrier. If, however, the private carrier must compete with a subsidized or public carrier, private-carrier entry is deterred in all but the largest markets. When competition is only with the private car, profits can be suficient to cover the non-Federal costs of providing an exclusive roadway.


(57) Abstract: lens injector cartridge having an inner lumen of the asymmetric cross-section. Lumen of the asymmetric cross-section to reduce the likelihood of damaging the energy amount and the lens started folding the lens in only one side, it is applied to the lens. Lens gently folded things also helps to define the transport position in the lumen of the haptic reduces the likelihood of damage to the haptics.


Two-week-old wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Fredrick), peas (Pisum sativum L. cv. Little Sweetie) and soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Hodgson) seedlings were transferred to paper cups containing various concentrations of triadimefon [1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3 dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanone] a fungicide. Twelve days after treatment, triadimefon (20 μg ml−1) significantly reduced transpiration in wheat, peas and soybeans by 40, 29 and 19%, respectively. The reduction of transpiration prevented the leaves from wilting and becoming senescent. In another experiment, triadimefon was applied as a soil drench after the initiation of flowers in soybeans and peas and after swelling in radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Cherry Belle) roots. After treatment the water level was maintained at half field capacity. In all three species, the treated plants were shorter, more compact and had thicker and greener leaves than the control plants. In the case of radish, the treatment also prevented flowering. Triadimefon significantly increased the seed yield of soybeans and peas and the root to shoot ratio in radish. Hence root application of triadimefon reduces transpiration, protects plants, and increases yield under water stress conditions.


The subject of legacy telecommunication systems is often overlooked in the pursuit of technological advancement, yet somehow the result is often less than graceful with end users left walking a tightrope between technology they are familiar with, and the evolving replacement systems.


Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) use a series of multipole magnets to generate a sub-Ångstrom-sized electron beam for atomic resolution imaging and chemical composition mapping 1 . A new scheme for aberration corrector alignment is proposed, including both new ways of beam quality measurement and aberration corrector control. The new scheme targets fully automated corrector alignment to achieve microscope tuning with greater speed and less human bias. For beam quality measurements, we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to determine the beam emittance 2  from a single Ronchigram, as shown in Figure 1(a). Beam emittance is a single variable that characterizes the volume occupied by the beam in the phase space. Emittance is convex against the aberration coefficients, and proportional to the root mean square of the phase error, as shown in Figure 1(b). Both indicate that beam emittance is a single robust objective for aberration correction, and avoids the cusp-like instabilities of the individual aberration coefficients 3 . The emittance would be a conserved quantity without the introduction of aberrations, and aberration correction can be guided by minimizing the emittance growth. We trained a CNN with a VGG16 architecture using simulated Ronchigram-emittance pairs to predict emittance from a single Ronchigram. The Ronchigrams are simulated using a random phase plate following ref 4 , with