Fresh pitaya (red pericarp and red flesh) was used to produce pitaya fruit wine. Single factor experiments including yeast use level, sugar content, fermenting time, and fermenting temperature were carried out to determine the optimum technical parameters. Pure fruit juice fermen-tation and fruit residuals fermentation were adopted respectively to compare the sensory indexes of the produced wine. The results showed that for pure fruit juice fermentation, sugar content adjusted to 17 %, inoculation quantity was 10 %, and fermentation time was 6 d at 28 ℃, the alcoholicity of the produced wine was 7 %vol~8 %vol, its acidity was 0.4 %~0.5 %, its sugar content was 5 %~6 %, the wine had natural light red color with harmonious fruit aroma and wine flavor, and the wine was clear and transparent with healthcare functions.


AbstractIntergroup cooperation and intergroup competition were compared to determine if they promoted systematic differences in interaction between majority and minority students. Fifty-one fourth-grade students were assigned to conditions on a stratified random basis controlling for minority status and sex. They participated in a study for 55 minutes a day for 10 instructional days. The results indicate that intergroup cooperation promoted more inclusion of minority students and more cross-ethnic relationships.


Abstract Ten experimental Ss underwent a procedure whereby a subliminal 500 c.p.s. tone (CS) was paired with photic stimulation (UCS). The "arousal" reaction of the alpha rhythm of the EEG was used as evidence of a CR. A subliminal tone of 800 c.p.s. and a 6-per-sec. pulsed subliminal shock were used to test for discrimination. Ten matched control Ss underwent the same procedure as the experimental Ss except that the 500 c.p.s. tone was never paired with the photic stimulation. Since experimental Ss gave the CR to the 500 c.p.s. subliminal tone only and not to the two neutral stimuli and control Ss gave no evidence of a CR, it was concluded that discrimination between subliminal stimuli occurs. The results of the study imply that some selective mechanism operates at a neural level whereby significant stimuli are attended to and non-significant stimuli are not.


The paper concerns the solution of non-linear system of equations arising while solving a steady gradually varied flow in an open channel network. To reduce the dimensions of final system the depths at each cross-section and the discharge at each branch are considered as unknowns. Newton and Picard iteration can suffer from non-convergent saw-tooth errors. An approach to improve and consequently to ensure the convergence of the Picard method is proposed. Using the average from two successive iterations suppresses the saw-teeth and gives a robust convergent iteration method to solve a steady gradually varied flow in any type of open channel network. The improvement in performance is confirmed by numerical tests. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


s Acre-Chafin Last Edited 6/5/2017 0252 ASIH STOYE ECOLOGY & ETHOLOGY IV, Friday 14 July 2017 Matthew Acre1, Timothy Grabowksi2, Dakus Geeslin3, Allison Pease1, Nate Smith3 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA, 2Hawaii Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Hilo, HI, USA, 3Texas Parks and Wildlife, Austin, TX, USA Movements and Demography of Cycleptus elongatus in the lower Colorado River, TX Alteration of flow regime, e.g., timing, duration, flashiness, and magnitude of discharge, has serious implications to fluvial specialists inhabiting large rivers that have evolved flow-dependent life histories. Blue Sucker Cycleptus elongatus, is one such species that is considered vulnerable throughout its range due to its habitat requirements and lifehistory traits. However, the relationships between stream discharge and habitat use and recruitment in C. elongatus have not been thoroughly examined, particularly in southern portions of its range. The primary objectives of this research were to assess effects of varied streamflow levels, regulated by water releases from upstream reservoirs, on C. elongatus movement, habitat use, and recruitment in the lower Colorado River downstream of Austin, Texas. Radio and acoustic telemetry was used to characterize movement in response to river discharge changes. Results suggest large-scale movements are related to season and flow regime prior to a relocation event. Furthermore, home range and minimum displacement are correlated with riffle density. Additionally, fin-ray sections (n = 105) taken from specimens during mark-recapture efforts were used to estimate age and associate relative year-class strength with historical flow regimes. Preliminary results suggest the population in the lower Colorado River has had limited recruitment, and stronger cohorts appear to be associated with years with higher discharge. This work will provide critical information regarding conservation and protection of C. elongatus in Texas and inform water management policy decisions affecting instream flows in the lower Colorado River. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0543 Reptile Behavior, Friday 14 July 2017 Connor Adams1, Timothy Garrett1, Toby Hibbitts1, Wade Ryberg1, Tyler Campbell2 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA, 2East Foundation, TX, USA Home Range and Movements of the Reticulate Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus reticulatus) in South Texas The Reticulate Collared Lizard, Crotaphytus reticulatus, is one of the largest species of lizards in Texas. It is restricted to the South Texas Plains Ecoregion, mainly along the western edge of the Rio Grande Valley, in which the western extent of the South Texas Sandsheet gives way to areas of gravelly soils and lime-stone caliche hills dominated by dense thornscrub. This species is uncommon within its Texas distribution, but populations are believed to be stable, as much of their known habitat occurs within large ranches. The ecology and natural history of C. reticulatus is poorly understood and detailed studies on home range size and movements have not been conducted. The recent development of the Eagle Ford Shale, in this region is a new potential threat, and the ways in which energy development will impact this species are unknown. We conducted a two-year telemetry study at two sites on the San Antonio Viejo Ranch in Jim Hogg and Starr counties of Texas. Preliminary results suggest males have larger home ranges than females; however, this was not significant (t=-1.6151, P=0.15). Here we add the results of a second year of telemetry research to more completely determine the home range size and movements of C. reticulatus in South Texas. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0251 Poster Session II, Rio Grande Exhibit Hall, Saturday 15 July 2017 Cory Adams, Daniel Saenz Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Nacogdoches, TX, USA Effects of Chinese Tallow Catkins on a Spring Breeding Anuran Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) is an aggressive invasive species that has become a major component of the landscape in the southeastern United States. Recent studies have demonstrated that Chinese tallow leaf litter can cause mortality in amphibian larvae and eggs by causing drastic changes in water chemistry. The effects of the leaf litter on water chemistry are short lived and thus are primarily a threat to winter breeding species and species that overwinter as larvae. As a result, a large subset of species may escape any adverse effects of Chinese tallow leaf litter simply due to reproductive phenologies that keep eggs and larvae out of the water at a time when leaf litter is present. For this study, we examine the potential impacts of Chinese tallow catkins (elongate clusters of pollen producing flowers), as these structures tend to abscess and fall from trees in large quantities in late spring. We exposed Gulf Coast toad larvae (Incilius nebulifer) to various concentrations of Chinese tallow catkins and determined water chemistry and tadpole survival. Toad tadpole survival was very low and mortality occurred very quickly in our trials. We found that catkins had a more pronounced effect on deoxygenation of the water than the leaf litter. Our findings suggest that Chinese tallow catkins have the potential to threaten summer and spring breeding amphibians in much the same manner as leaf litter in the fall and winter. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0715 Poster Session II, Rio Grande Exhibit Hall, Saturday 15 July 2017 Michelle E. Adcock1, Zachary C. Adcock1, J. Steve Godley2 1Texas State University, Texas, USA, 2Cardno, Riverview, Florida, USA Tail loss in Sympatric Sirenid Salamanders from Rainey Slough, Florida Tail loss in sirenid salamanders may be caused by intraspecific aggression, interspecific aggression, or predatory interactions. We evaluated the frequency of tail loss in three sympatric species of sirenids (Siren intermedia, Siren lacertina, and Pseudobranchus axanthus) in a water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) community at Rainey Slough, Glades County, Florida from 1974 through 1979. We determined if correlations exist between the frequency of sirenid tail loss and intraand interspecific density of sirenids and the density of some potential predator species. Frequency of tail loss was 18% in 537 S. intermedia, 15% in 474 P. axanthus, and 4% in 100 S. lacertina. Both P. axanthus and S. lacertina tail loss was not significantly correlated with any of the measured variables. However, S. intermedia tail loss was significantly correlated with intraspecific density and the density of total predators. Our findings suggest that S. intermedia may be intraspecifically more aggressive than either S. lacertina or P. axanthus. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0716 Herp Reproduction & Life History I, Thursday 13 July 2017 Zachary C. Adcock, Michael R.J. Forstner Texas State University, Texas, USA Reproductive Ecology of Federally Threatened Jollyville Plateau Salamanders (Eurycea tonkawae) with Comments on Management Implications Jollyville Plateau Salamanders (Eurycea tonkawae) are small, neotenic salamanders that occupy aquifer and spring habitats in Travis and Williamson Counties, Texas. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed E. tonkawae as threatened in 2013, but basic life history data that are critical for informing management and conservation policies are limited for this taxon. We conducted monthly to bi-monthly E. tonkawae surveys at six sites in four federal critical habitat units from 2013 to 2016. We recorded total length (TL), snout-vent length (SVL), and microhabitat for each captured salamander and non-invasively inspected its body cavity for oocytes. We captured a total of 815 E. tonkawae, of which, 45 were gravid females. The minimum size of a gravid female was 23.6 mm SVL, and gravid females contained between 1 – 21 visible oocytes. The percentage of gravid females across all sites peaked from November to February, and the percentage of juveniles and subadults peaked approximately two to three months later. We found gravid females disproportionately abundant at some sites, suggesting differential reproductive effort. However, juvenile abundance was proportional among sites. We never observed eggs, strongly suggesting that oviposition occurs subsurface. Smaller size class salamanders may be avoiding adults, as chi-square goodness of fit tests revealed that juveniles and subadults selected different microhabitat structure types than adults. Future management and policy decisions should consider the potential importance of all types of microhabitat structure and subsurface habitat for the reproductive ecology of this taxon. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0015 Fish Morphology, Saturday 15 July 2017 Dominique Adriaens1, Jens De Meyer1, Mathias Bouilliart1, Joachim Christiaens1, Claude Belpaire2, Sam Van Wassenbergh3, Anthony Herrel3, Jonna Tomkiewicz4, Peter Lauesen4, Gregory Maes5, Ron Dirks6, Pascal Boeckx1, Lieven Bervoets7, Adrian Covaci7, Govindan Malarvannan7, Akihiro Okamura8, Jelle Dhaene1, Luc Van Hoorebeke1, Barbara De Kegel1 1Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 2Institute for Nature and Forest Research, Brussels, Belgium, 3CNRS, Paris, France, 4Denmark Technical University, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 6ZF Screens, Leiden, The Netherlands, 7Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium, 8Irago Institute Co., Aichi, Japan European Eels ... the Story of their (tough) Life Several species of Anguilla eels are known for their spectacular life history, with a crossAtlantic migration as they undergo their ontogenetic transformations. Confronted with all kind of challenges, including the one having to catch prey, European eels start as non-feeding preleptocephalus larvae. A


Preface. Introduction 1. Economic Life in Nineteenth Century Novels: What Economists Might Learn from Literature 2. The Beginning of 'Boundaries': The Sudden Separation of Economics from Christian Theology 3. History and Economic Analysis in German Nineteenth Century Economics 4. Jevons and Wicksteed: Crossing Borders in the History of Economics 5. Economists as Demographers: Wicksell and Pareto on Population 6. Competition and Economic Temperature: The Entropy Law in Emanuele Sella's Work 7. Particles or Humans? Econometric Quarrels on Newtonian Mechanics and the Social Realm 8. Disciplinary Developments in Dutch Economics and the Emergence of the Dutch Welfare State (1930-1960)


Social choice becomes easier on restricted preference domains such as single-peaked, single-crossing, and Euclidean preferences. Many impossibility theorems disappear, the structure makes it easier to reason about preferences, and computational problems can be solved more efficiently. In this survey, we give a thorough overview of many classic and modern restricted preference domains and explore their properties and applications. We do this from the viewpoint of computational social choice, letting computational problems drive our interest, but we include a comprehensive discussion of the economics and social choice literatures as well. Particular focus areas of our survey include algorithms for recognizing whether preferences belong to a particular preference domain, and algorithms for winner determination of voting rules that are hard to compute if preferences are unrestricted.


A cooperative cluster of wireless nodes exchange data before cooperatively communicating with a destination node over a MIMO channel. In a cooperative cluster of M nodes, each node shares 1/M of the own data with each of the other nodes, and keeps 1/M of the own data for transmission. Each node receives 1/M of data from each cooperative node. The data is merged at each cooperative node, and transmitted to the destination node.


The time has come for SADA to understand that there is serious concern and realization, within the dental profession and industry, that not enough is done by SADA to improve the image and knowledge of dentistry in South Africa. The completion of the RVU studies is one of SADA's biggest success stories in recent years. The importance of this project on the road ahead can never be underestimated. But where to from here?


Abstract This paper presents a detailed account of the changes affecting pronoun paradigms in a sample of thirteen languages of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The reconstruction demonstrates a number of interesting diachronic trends including analogical levelling, the loss and later reintroduction of inclusive/exclusive person categories and the waxing and waning of nominative/ergative case syncretisms. In addition, it appears that many of the changes are the result of pattern diffusion. Taken together, the changes detailed in this study present a rich catalogue of the kinds of changes which can be expected to have occurred in the development of Australian languages more generally.


In the realm of biomechanics, there is now general agreement that plantar pressure should be studied. This study aims to identify color in a two-dimensional image using the RGB color model and the color thresholding approach in MATLAB and to identify redness in the foot using plantar pressure analysis. The technique used for the detection of color in the image is to convert a two-dimensional RGB image into red, green and blue color from the original image, these are eliminated to form the binary image and then connect objects with fewer pixels resulting in a new binary image, then the image processing techniques are applied to smooth the border, fill in any holes in the region and finally mask to red object to mask out the red-only portion of the RGB image. The RGB values for every pixel in the image are also checked in order to identify the color of each pixel. MATLAB's image processing toolbox is used to implement the approach.


Internet-based health data exchange, which is particularly useful for the management of cooperative health care and life time health care records, requires the use of a common format to allow access to heterogeneous reservoirs scattered at different hospitals, as well as protection from intrusion and piracy. However, the unified management of multiple reservoirs is difficult to achieve, due to the different policies operated by different hospitals and the heterogeneous format of their information reservoirs. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent based secure architecture which can be used to retrieve healthcare information in a common format through the internet from multiple heterogeneous reservoirs. The proposed system is organized in the form of a 4-tier architecture, consisting of the client application, access control central agent, local access control agent and hospital information system, involving distributed processing with multiple matching agents connected to heterogeneous reservoirs and one flexible master controller to unify the different formats and different hospital policies, thus providing a secure common format and simplifying the problem of reservoir maintenance, including the addition, removal and modification of reservoirs. The combination of XML and RABC provides an efficient means of reservoir management, allowing for access control, a common format for information exchange, device independent display for diverse display resolutions of terminal devices, user identification for authentication, digital signature for data integrity, and selective encryption for protecting confidential health information.


Plasma fuelling with pellet injection, pacing of edge localized modes (ELMs) by small frequent pellets and disruption mitigation with gas jets or injected solid material are some of the most important technological capabilities needed for successful operation of ITER. Tools are being developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory that can be employed on ITER to provide the necessary core pellet fuelling and the mitigation of ELMs and disruptions. Here we present progress on the development of the technology to provide reliable high throughput inner wall pellet fuelling, pellet ELM pacing with high frequency small pellets and disruption mitigation with gas jets and shattered pellets. Examples of how these tools can be employed on ITER are discussed.


Shortly after the University of Virginia Press published Equity and Excellence in American Higher Education, Bill Bowen, Martin Kurzweil, and I participated in a panel discussion at the Brookings Institution. One of our colleagues on the panel, Amy Gutmann, President of the University of Pennsylvania, and a distinguished political philosopher who has written widely about education, democracy, and human rights, prefaced her remarks by referring to a New Yorker cartoon portraying a little boy tugging at Thomas Jefferson's coattails, looking up at Mr. Jefferson and saying: "If you hold these truths to be self-evident, then why do you keep harping on them so much?"


In the forthcoming aged society, it will be important to realize life support technology conforming to the individual. An experimental house with 117 sensors has been developed to study how to monitor and understand personal behavior in everyday life. The monitoring system and an algorithm to extract the behavior from sensor signals are described and some experimental results are presented.


ABSTRACT Creating a classroom learning environment that is suitably designed for promotion of learners' performance in geometry, a branch of mathematics that addresses spatial sense and geometric reasoning, is a daunting task. This article focuses on how grade 8 teachers' action learning changed the learning environment for the promotion of geometry teaching. This was an exploratory study in which a sample of 13 grade 8 mathematics teachers from the rural schools of a district in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa participated in a project aimed at creating mathematical learning environments through action learning while supporting and promoting the teaching of geometry. The study was qualitative and data was collected using questionnaires, classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with the teachers on a participatory action research conducted in two cycles. Results indicated that 92% of teachers changed their classroom environments by modifying instructional strategies, learner -interactions, and engagements, but could not change how they managed the classrooms due to some factors related to power dynamics andthe education policy. It is recommended that teachers be workshopped on modifying their classroom learning environments while they undergo learning in action on the promotion of teaching and learning geometry in their school defining contexts.


The paper draws on (100+) survey responses from social services authorities in England. It established their generally minimal understandings of (largely negative) outcomes of the government promoted (Whole System Demonstrator (WSD) project. The WSD project involved over 5000 mainly older people - half of whom were, following assessment, assigned telecare equipment (others telehealth). The robustness of the outcomes are discussed; issues about the effectiveness of assessments are raised; and the appropriateness of the methodology (an RCT) is questioned. In sum the paper provides an example where shortcomings of RCTs are exposed in a context where technological changes impact on 'traditional' (health and) social care service frameworks.

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.


39th Senate regarding removal of members of the African race beyond the U.S. borders, including Central and South America. June 16, 1866


To cultivate science and technology and improve the quality of education in
Indonesia, organized activities that can support an increase in creativity and
innovation of the students in terms of both theoretical and practical application.
Under these circumstances in Indonesia holding of Robot Contest in Indonesia
Indonesia (KRCI) which is fully supported by the Directorate General of higher
education. With one of the categories is smart robot fire extinguisher, the fire
extinguisher robot in disigs using algorithms follow the wall. At the time of walking
robot, the robot will perform the calculation count when entering the room and detect
hotspots microcontroller will then instruct the DC motor to stop. At the time of the
sensor photodioda find pie candle and the flame sensor detects Uvtron mikrokontoler
will then send a signal to the relay for shaking the DC fan motor to the candle flame
and the robot will keep their distance when turning off the flame through the
ultrasonic sensor. And after that the robot will return to the home.


An effective two-stage method for obtaining both biologically activated fibres with antibacterial and anaesthetic activity and biologically activated complex fibres -insulin as an artificial store of insulin has been developed. The first stage involves the formation of reactive functional groups by chemical modification, followed by the second stage where the fibres are modified with chemotherapeutic agent solutions. This paper presents the results of obtaining biologically activated fibres with antibacterial and anaesthetic activity as well as an artificial store of insulin in the form of complex ion-exchanged fibreinsulin. The level of immobilisation of the drug in the antibacterial fibre amounts to 140 mg of gentamicin sulphate per 1 g of fibres, in the anaesthetic fibre 180 mg of procaine hydrochloride per 1 g of fibres, and in the fibrous store of insulin 800 mg of insulin per 1 g of fibres.


The article presents the results of the experimental study of the effect of standard (Uniflex standard), light-weight (Uniflex light) and composite (Ultrapro, PVDF -M) meshes on the muscles of various regions (anterior and lateral) of the abdominal wall. It has been estimated that the early muscular hypertrophy of fibers may develop after the implantation, and the late development of muscle atrophy and fibrosis. The changes were found not only in a repair spot, but also in the lateral regions of the abdominal wall having no meshes. It has been revealed that light-weight and composite meshes influenced less.


I have just received a specimen of an Erebus odora, which was captured last Wednesday evening (Sept. 27th) in the lecture-room of the first united presbyterian Church, in the city of Allegheny, where its appearance caused no little consternation among the devout "mothers in Israel" who were at prayer meeting, and who thought it was a bat, of which evil things are said by the unsophisticated.


The decentralisation of competition law enforcement and the stimulation of private damages actions in the European Union go hand in hand with the increasingly international character of antitrust…


Background As commonly used scaffold material in tissue engineering, chitosan has many advantages, such as strong biodegradability, low antigenicity, good biocompatibility and no pyrogen reaction. This study aims to isolate, cultivate and purify Sprague- Dawley(SD) rat bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs), and to observe the growth of BMSCs when co- cultured with self- made chitosan porous scaffold in vitro and to test the biocompatibility of this tissue engineering scaffold, so as to lay the foundation for promoting nerve regeneration of transplant treatment.Methods Three- week- old healthy male SD rats were used in this study, and BMSCs were isolated and purified through bone marrow adherent culture method. The surface markers of BMSCs at Passage 3 were detected and identified by flow cytometry(FCM) and the BMSCs were three- dimensionally cultured in vitro on chitosan porous scaffolds produced by freeze- drying method. Ethanol alternative method was used to detect the chitosan scaffold porosity. Scanning electron microscope was used to explore the internal structure of the scaffold, measurethe size of its aperture, and observe the morphology and development of the cells within the scaffold.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) method was used to determine the cells' proliferation.Results The cultured BMSCs were uniform and similiar to fibrous arrangement, and mixed cells reduced obviously. The identification result of FCM showed the CD29 positive rate was 98.49% and CD45 RA positive rate was only0.85%. The chitosan scaffold had an interlinked, uniform similar three-dimensional porous structure and its aperture porosity was 90%. Some cells stretched out pseudopod and infiltrated into the porous structure of scaffold, even fusing with them. The BMSCs were seeded in the scaffold successfully. The chitosan scaffold had no obvious effect on BMSCs' proliferation.Conclusions Chitosan porous scaffolds have good structural character and biocompatibility, and can be used as an alternative cell-carrier for later cell replace treatment of central nervous system diseases.Bone marrow cells; Mesenchymal stem cells; Chitosan; Biocompatible materials;


Objective: Use of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) as a microbicidal agent is complicated by contact burns and other adverse reactions attributed to its sudden concentrated release from absorbent skin bandages. The current investigation examines the potential of niosomes or non–ionic surfactant vesicles to aid in the slow sustained release of the topical antiseptic in order to overcome this major drawback. Method: Candida albicans, a fungus commonly associated with cutaneous infections was selected as the test organism since PVP-I has broad spectrum properties and been reported to be an effective antimycotic agent. After evaluating the antimicrobial effect of unencapsulated PVP-I on Candida cells, niosomes were developed by the thin film hydration technique, with a stoichiometric proportion of antiseptic: cholesterol: sorbitane monooleate of 1:1:2. The formulated vesicles were characterized for their particle size, zeta potential and drug entrapment efficiency. Further, in vitro agar cup tests and studies on the sustained release profile of the entrapped medicament were performed. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration of PVP-I for Candida was found to be 0.45% w/v available iodine and complete killing of cells was achieved at this concentration within 180 seconds. The average size of loaded vesicles was recorded to be 338.4 nm, with a drug entrapment efficiency of 80%. Subsequent to its encapsulation, PVP-I showed good permeability, retention of the fungicidal activity and the slow sustained effect lasted for almost 35 hours. Conclusion: This is the first report of a study that has developed and characterized the in vitro efficacy and sustained drug delivery of PVP-I using niosomal carriers. The results demonstrate that niosomes can act as microreservoirs prolonging the release of PVP-I. They could thus help to prevent contact burns associated with the immediate release of the antiseptic when used for topical application.


This article, in the light of the three equilibrium forms of the mechanic system, discussed the stastics, kinetics and the energy criteria of the differentiation of the mechanics equilibrium stability. On the basis of this, it gives the specific forms of the energy differentiation criteria of the disperation equilibrium stability.


Criminal geographical profile is a methodology of investigation, which makes use of correlation between crime location and crime base of criminal to find out the most probable place of the crime base. We introduce a model to predict the future serial crime location with aid of criminal geographic profiling and the time and locations of past crime scenes. In this model, we take the effect of distance decay and the local geographic features into consideration and formulate a probability density function of the future serial crime site to realize the prediction.


We report measurements of the non-linear dielectric constant in the mixed crystal KTa/sub 1-x/Nb/sub x/O/sub 3/ with x=15.7% and 1.2%. For both concentrations the dielectric peak is observed to decrease with increasing field and to shift towards higher temperature. The dispersion /spl epsiv/'(w), is also suppressed by the field. On the framework of Landau theory, we fit /spl epsiv/'(E) with an expansion in a power series of the applied dc field E. /spl epsiv//sup (2/) is seen to exhibit two distinct temperature dependencies. At high temperatures, it scales as (T-T/sub c/)/sup -/spl gamma// where /spl gamma/ is found to be in fair agreement with Landau theory for low concentrations. At lower temperatures it then crosses over to a much weaker dependence. This crossover is interpreted as a transition from a weakly correlated (dynamic) regime to a strongly correlated (quasistatic) regime of polar clusters. The non-analyticity due to these polar clusters is discussed.


The hacking method came to be more complicated, became program ant it was automated. That is hacking trend of recent times. Before, The password crack, catch root authority is trend of hacking which uses the vulnerability of server. Hacker attack network or all of domain not some host. Web application system at hacking technique develops and improve transmitted data through the network shows many vulnerability. The massive data are transmitted through the network without encipherment filtering. It will be able to bring about the neck of a bottle actual condition which is serious in security system because of the network where the user comes to be many it leads and the data which is delivered comes to be many. In this paper, we propose web application system to prevent overload from bottleneck in encipherment system. It can solve security key trust problem in encoding and decoding with public key infrastructure.


Based on the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication theory, this paper investigates the model of thermal elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication of the straight cylindrical involute gear in the course of transition. It also analyzes the variation law of film pressure, temperature and thickness with change of load by using the multigrid numerical calculating method.


The paper deals with the concept of employer branding, which is very imperative to follow, as an employer brand represents the core values of an organization. Organizations considered good employers have a strong identity and a positive image in the marketplace. To be successful, organizations need to attract the best employee from the market. Marketing tools associated with Brand Management have been used by the Human Resources in order to focus on potential applicants, appoint and retain employees in the same manner as marketing applies such tools to attract and retain customers. Employer branding requires a firm to hire employees having better understanding, skills, tools and motivating power that they need to fulfil the promises that has been made to the marketplace. Significantly it is the main driver of value from your organization.s intangible assets. The term "employer brand" signifies what kind of employees currently working with an organisation, employer branding has been defined as a company's efforts to communicate to existing and new staff what makes it an attractive place to work and maintaining a company's image in the eyes of its associates and potential hires. Employer branding is therefore concerned with the attraction, engagement and retention initiatives targeted at enhancing the company's employer brand.


Reactions of the flexible N,N′-di(3-pyridyl)dodecanediamide (L) with Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal salts in the presence of different polycarboxylic acids under hydrothermal conditions afforded five new coordination polymers, [Zn(2,4-PDC)(L)(H2O)]∞ (2,4-H2PDC = 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid), 1, {[Zn(1,3,5-HBTC)(L)]·2H2O}∞ (1,3,5-H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), 2, {[Zn(3,4-PDC)(L)]·0.5L}∞ (3,4-H2PDC = 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid), 3, {[Cd(1,2-BDC)(L)(H2O)]·0.5L}∞ (1,2-H2BDC = 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid), 4, and {[Cd(1,3,5-HBTC)(L)1.5]·2H2O}∞, 5, which have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1 and 2 manifest quintuple and double helices formed by zinc ions and L ligands, which are supported by 2,4-PDC2− and 1,3,5-HBTC2− anions, respectively, to construct the rare single-walled metal–organic nanotubes. Complex 3 shows 1D fish-bone chains and complexes 4 and 5 display 2D pleated grids with helical and looped carboxylate chains, respectively, supported by the L ligands. Complexes 1–3 represent a unique example of the polycarboxylate ligands showing a significant effect on folding and unfolding of the Zn(II) helical coordination polymers, and they are also important in determining the number of helices. The L ligands in 1, 2 and 4 adopt a bidentate bonding mode, and a unique monodentate bonding mode for the dipyridyl amide ligand is found in 3 and 5, resulting in various types of ligand conformations.


Summary form only given. In this work, we propose an innovative way to achieve an air-slotted nanocavities by coupling evanescently low loss Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) ridge waveguides(WGs) including high Q nanocavities exhibiting an ultrasmall modal volume V. We first show that coupling two WGs allows us to achieve a field confinement within the air slot as low as lambda/30 while preserving a high group index of the guided modes. Then we demonstrate that merging such coupled WGs with state-of-the-art high-Q/small V nanocavities is a robust way to achieve a single compact (1 µm × 3 µm) air-slotted resonator on substrate. Finally, we extend the concept to multiple air-slotted resonator systems and evaluate their potential of such structures to produce sub-wavelength field localisation and distribution on demand.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that frequently affects the joints and soft tissues of the feet. Tibialis posterior tenosynovitis has a reported prevalence between 13 and 64% in RA. The condition is associated with a progressive flat foot deformity and significant gait disability. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between foot deformities and the involvement of tendons. Recently, ultrasonography (US) has been reported as the gold standard for the investigation of tendons.This study aimed to assess the relationship between hindfoot deformities and US tenosynovitis in RA.We conducted a cross-sectional study including patients with RA (ACR/EULAR 2010). Demographic data and disease parameters were collected. For each patient, a podoscope examination of both feet was performed by a rheumatologist. A radiologist experienced in musculoskeletal imaging performed a US examination using a Philips HD11 device with a high-frequency linear transducer. The assessed lesions were synovitis of the tibiotalar, talonavicular, and subtalar joints, and tenosynovitis of tibialis anterior (TA), extensor hallucis longus (EHL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), tibialis posterior (TP), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), flexor hallucis longus (FHL), fibularis brevis (FB) and fibularis longus (FL) tendons. The presence or absence of synovitis and tenosynovitis was recorded, and the composite synovitis score (power doppler/grayscale ultrasound (PDUS)) was measured for each joint. The US score of each patient was defined by the sum of the composite scores of the joints studied (0-30). A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.Sixty-two feet were examined in 31 RA patients (25 women and six men) with a mean age of 54.8±10.8 years old [32-70]. The mean disease duration was 8.5±7.2 years [1-37]. Rheumatoid Factor (RF) and Anti-Citrullinated Peptides Antibodies (ACPA) were positive in respectively 61.3% and 83.8% of cases. The mean DAS28 ESR was 3.8±1.5 [0.6-7].Podoscope examination revealed pes planus valgus (PPV) in 55.6% of cases and pes cavus varus (PCV) in 18.5% of cases. US showed tibiotalar synovitis in 59.3% of cases, talonavicular synovitis in 64.8% of cases, and subtalar synovitis in 46.3% of cases. In the anterior compartment, tenosynovitis of TA was noted in 5.6% of cases, of EHL in 1.9% of cases, and EDL in 9.3% of cases. In the medial compartment, tenosynovitis of TP was found in 22.2% of cases, of FDL in 5.6% of cases, and FHL in 0% of cases. In the lateral compartment, tenosynovitis of FB and FL was found in 25% and 11.1% of cases respectively.An association between PPV and synovitis of the tibiotalar joint (p<0.001) and the subtalar joint (p=0.007) was found. An association was also noted with FL tenosynovitis (p=0.045) but not with the other assessed tendons.No association was noted between PCV and synovitis or tenosynovitis of the assessed structures.PPV was frequent among RA patients. This condition was associated with tibiotalar and subtalar synovitis and FL tenosynovitis. It is important to detect and correct foot deformities in order to ensure optimal control of the disease.None declared


The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of educational programs implemented using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies and traditional educational programs. Scientific novelty lies in the determination of objective comparative characteristics of online-programs and traditional educational programs. Common erroneous stereotypes regarding higher education received online are considered. As a result, the objective advantages and disadvantages of educational programs implemented using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies and traditional educational programs are clarified.


Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is emerging as a new promising computing paradigm. Web service discovery is one of the key issues in SOC. Web service discovery usually provide UDDI as a standard registry which features only keyword-based matches that often give poor performance. Currently approaches for semantic service discovery are mostly limited to the matching of their inputs/outputs possibly enhanced with some ontological knowledge. Recent works have demonstrated that this approach is not sufficient to discover relevant services. In this paper, we argue that in many situations, the service discovery should be based on the specification of service behavior. The idea behind this is to develop matching techniques that operates on behavior models and allow delivery of partial matches. We give the relative definition of our formal model based on Petri nets and WF-nets and propose the transformation from the OWL-S process model into a formal model we defined. And then we define behavior equivalence notion based on our formal model and detail the semantic web service matchmaking algorithm based on that notion.


The design and development of the pose tracking system for an autonomous mobile robot and the time consuming calibration of its intrinsic sensor parameters (e.g., displacement, misalignment and iron distortions of an inertial measurement unit) are one of the preliminary requirements of any project involving a mobile robot platform. This paper introduces ROAMFREE, a turn-on-and-go multiple sensors pose tracking and self-calibration framework adaptable to different mobile robot platforms (e.g., Ackerman steering vehicles, quadrotor aerial vehicles, omnidirectional mobile robots). We formulate the sensor fusion problem as a Gauss-Newton optimization on an hyper-graph where nodes represent poses and calibration parameters while edges represent nonlinear measurement constraints. This formulation allows us to solve both online pose tracking and offline sensor self-calibration problems.


A full-length cDNA encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (st-dfr) of potato was isolated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and their expression was investigated from purple-fleshed potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Jashim). The st-dfr exists as a member of a small gene family and its transcripts was abundant in the order of tuber flesh, stem, leaf, and root. The expressions of st-dfr gene were light inducible and cultivar dependant. Transgenic potato plants harboring antisense st-dfr (AS-DFR) sequences were analyzed. The accumulation of mRNA was nearly completely inhibited as a result of introducing an AS-DFR gene under the control of the 35S CaMV promoter into the red tuber skin Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desiree. The anthocyanin content of the tuber peels of the transgenic lines was dramatically decreased by up to 70%. The possible production of flavonols in the peels of AS-DFR transgenic potatoes was discussed.


Background: Since cannabis has been legally allowed for medicinal purposes in many countries, it has become the most interesting issue, particularly in neurologic disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the mechanisms for the treatment of AD. Objectives: The present study aimed to establish a method for the preparation of cannabinoid-rich extracts and determine their AChE inhibitory activity. Methods: The cannabinoid-rich extracts were prepared through a green extraction process using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) followed by hydrophobic column separation. The contents of cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro AChE inhibitory activity was determined via the photometric method using AChE from Electrophorus electricus. Results: Three cannabinoids-rich fractions were obtained with different concentrations of CBD and THC, namely Fractions I (CBD of 8.1% w/w; THC of 52.2% w/w), II (CBD of 9.2% w/w; THC of 8.0% w/w), and III (CBD 1.3% w/w, THC 33.5% w/w). These cannabinoid-rich extracts exhibited AChE inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 52.3, 59.8, and 71.2 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: This finding suggests that CBD, but not THC, might be an active compound contributing to AChE inhibitory effect.


Britain's return to UNESCO in 1997, 12 years after withdrawing from the organization in company with the United States, marked the culmination of a campaign by a wide variety of voluntary and non-governmental organizations. There had been concerted opposition to Britain's withdrawal, which was justified by the government on the grounds that UNESCO had departed from the spirit of its founding constitution. Many of the voices raised at that time continued to campaign for reform from within and put forward reasoned arguments in favour of an early restoration of membership. But it was not until the election of a Labour Government in May 1997 that a return was certain. Those who had campaigned for this step were then formalized into the UK-UNESCO Forum in part to offer advice on the establishment of a UK National Commission for UNESCO. The author reviews the discussion in that forum on the nature of the Commission and the debate over UNESCO's perceived function primarily as an aid agency.


By using existing psychological word norms obtained by rating procedures we try to predict the frequencies of search hits derived from internet search engines. We used several major search engines and repeated measurement to develop a highly reliable scale of internet word frequency. We presumed that psychological criteria like typicality and valence of nouns predict the frequencies of search-operator-specific frequencies of internet search hits. Regression analysis confirmed this assumption indicating that the verbal content of the internet as interactive mass medium can be predicted by already existing and established psychological characteristics of words.


This research studied the characteristics of the customer circulation in four department store food court restaurants located in Seoul. The characteristics of the customer circulation are the following: Before customers leave the dining space where they eat food, they come and go to spaces such as the water purifier space, the napkin storage, and the cup storage. On the other hand, they do not come and go from the dining space to the waste area or the area where used cups are returned. Therefore the spaces, that need to be located very near the dining space, are the water purifier space, the cup storage, and the napkin storage. The waste area does not have to be placed very near the dining area and the area where used cups are returned is not needed. A minority of customers drink water and use napkins after going to the waste area and the area where dirty dishes are kept. To prevent these customers from going against the circulation of the majority of customers, a water purifier space, a cup storage, and a napkin storage should be placed additionally connecting to the waste area and the area where dirty dishes are kept. For effective circulation plan and spatial composition of food court restaurants, these characteristics of customer circulation should be considered. It is not recommended to place the water purifier space, the napkin storage, and the cup storage, the waste area or the area where used cups are returned, and the hand cleansing facility in the same location just for the convenience of workers.


The utility model provides a multi-station hydrogen decrepitation furnace and relates to hydrogen decrepitation furnaces. The multi-station hydrogen decrepitation furnace is composed of a platform (4), a furnace pipe, a furnace cradle (3) and a support device. By adopting a three-in-one design integrating a hydrogen-absorption and dehydrogenation station, a cooling station and a charging and discharging station on the platform, aims of improving powder processing efficiency, preventing material oxidation and guaranteeing operator security are realized. The multi-station hydrogen decrepitation furnace is high in practicability and comparatively convenient to operate and solves problems that a prior rotary hydrogen decrepitation furnace is low in powder processing efficiency and poor in operator protection and material is easy to get oxidized. Powder processing efficiency and working efficiency are improved and personal safety of the workers is guaranteed.


The traffic engineer's most important task is to improve the economic, social and environmental living conditions of his/her fellow citizens. For over ten years now, this has been the main focus of village and urban renewal programmes in all Austrian Lander and in Lower Austria in particular. The redesigning of the space reserved for traffic plays a key role in this work. As part of the remit of the C9 EURO COST working group and in an attempt to determine 'best practices' in Lower Austria, the processes used there to increase the quality of urban areas were systematically evaluated. To this end, it proved useful to differentiate between two different definitions of quality: formal quality, which covers the design of the area and, in particular, that of the space reserved for traffic, and functional quality of the urban area in terms of the variety in the area and its surroundings. In all examples analysed, the quality of urban areas was enhanced by reducing the amount of cars and the spaces reserved for car drivers in these areas. It is worth noting that moving traffic has a less negative effect on urban quality than cars parked on streets. However, reducing the amount of space reserved for parked cars has adverse effects on urban quality because it shifts urban functions to suburban areas. The analysis of the aforementioned processes has shown that if urban quality is to be restored, both legal practice and part of the legal basis will have to be changed. Parking facilities cannot be treated according to the amount of ground and space they take up but rather should receive equal treatment according to their function. For example, the same parking rates should be charged for all supermarket car parks, whether they are located in an urban centre or outside it. This is one way of improving economic, social and environmental conditions for residents. The analysis of formal quality showed that in development areas, high levels of urban quality are no longer reached because the streets are too wide, the alignment of the streets too straight and the size of the meshes in the traffic system too great. Moreover, urban areas lack the squares that create quality in high-quality areas. The functional quality of urban areas is under threat from suburban supermarkets, specialised discount stores, leisure facilities, jobs and monofunctional residential areas. Recommendations for restoring urban quality were drawn up on the basis of the analysis of these processes. For the covering abstract see ITRD E135448.


The article presents the culturalist theory of Legrand (2017; 2018) about the interpretation of foreign law, affiliated to a critical theory of comparative law, opposed to the positivist theory with a functionalist methodology, which defends an objectivist interpretation and the identification of similarities between the legal systems. It demonstrates that, at the same time, culturalist theory is also concerned with a non-subjectivist interpretation and supports the importance of a hermeneutic interpretation, in the same way as the Hermeneutic Criticism of Law. The research problem concerns the contributions of this theory, with the culturalist theory, to a non-objectivist/subjectivist interpretation of its object, based on the hypothesis that it offers contributions to a non-solipsistic interpretation of foreign law, considering the overcoming of the subject-object scheme. The research employs theoretical-descriptive methodology and concludes that the Hermeneutic Criticism of Law contributes with concepts and "method" to the culturalist comparative theory.


Motivation:Remotehomologydetectionbetweenproteinsequences is a central problem in computational biology. The discriminative method such as the support vector machine (SVM) is one of the most effective methods. Many of the SVM-based methods focus on finding useful representations of protein sequence, using either explicit feature vector representations or kernel functions. Such representations may suffer from the peaking phenomenon in many machine-learning methods because the features are usually very large and noise data may be introduced. Based on these observations, this research focuses on feature extraction and efficient representation of protein vectors for SVM protein classification. Results: In this study, a latent semantic analysis (LSA) model, which is an efficient feature extraction technique from natural language processing, has been introduced in protein remote homology detection. Several basic building blocks of protein sequences have been investigatedas the 'words'of 'proteinsequence language', includingN-grams, patterns and motifs. Each protein sequence is taken as a 'document' that is composed of bags-of-word. The word-document matrix is constructed first. The LSA is performed on the matrix to produce the latent semantic representationvectorsofproteinsequences, leading tonoiseremoval and smart description of protein sequences. The latent semantic representation vectors are then evaluated by SVM. The method is tested on the SCOP 1.53 database. The results show that the LSAmodel significantly improves the performance of remote homology detection in comparison with the basic formalisms. Furthermore, the performance of this method is comparable with that of the complex kernelmethodssuchasSVM-LAandbetter than thatofothersequencebased methods such as PSI-BLASTand SVM-pairwise. Availability:Thesource codesare freely available at http://www.insun. hit.edu.cn/news/view.asp?id=413 or upon request from the authors. Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com


Scientific and Commercial computing is undergoing an immense change with increasing demands for processing of large-scale datasets for a variety of needs such as simulation, modeling, and calculations of multivariate equations. Computation has largely been used as a method for achieving the results and is now shifting to a data intensive computing model to accomplish some of the most demanding scientific and commercial challenges in existence. Enterprise and commercial industries are experiencing the need to process increasingly large datasets for industries such as Oil & Gas, Communications, Media & Entertainment, Healthcare and Life Sciences and Big Data Analytics. Current data and storage architectures are not sufficient to provide for Terascale and Petascale Data Intensive Computing models and simulations which will require new flexible ways of data access at multi-terabyte per second speeds. Elastic cloud computing based access models is increasingly necessary to provide the economies of scale of shared infrastructure. An architectural framework is proposed for data intensive cloud computing based applications called Datalanx.


A theory of electron localization is developed. Localization is caused by the interaction of an occupied orbital with a vacant orbital. Electrons localize in the occupied orbital rather than deloca...


The number of patients with diabetes continues to increase. Diabetes complications might induce serious diseases such as kidney, nervous, cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Diabetic complications can be prevented by keeping blood glucose and cholesterol at normal levels. This study aims to determine the potential of pigeon pea beverage for lowering glucose and total cholesterol plasma levels and increasing the antioxidant status of diabetic-hypercholesterolemia rats. The research was conducted using 18 Sprague Dawley male rats aged 3 months old with an average body weight of 154 g. The rats were divided into three groups: normal group, D-H group (diabetic-hypercholesterolemia group), and pigeon pea beverage group. The results showed that pigeon pea beverage diet showed hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic activities, and could improve the antioxidant status of diabetic-hypercholesterolemia rats. Plasma glucose and total cholesterol levels of diabetic-hypercholesterolemia rats decreased 33.86% and 19.78% respectively. The improvement of the plasma antioxidant status was indicated by the decrease of plasma MDA (malondialdehyde) level, reaching 37.16%. The research result provides an alternative to diabetes management by using the local bean as an anti-diabetic functional drink.


The early visions for the Semantic Web, from the famous 2001 Scientific American article by Berners-Lee et al., feature intelligent agents that can autonomously perform tasks like discovering information, scheduling events, finding execution plans for complex operations, and in general, use reasoning techniques to come up with sense-making and traceable decisions. While today more than ten years later the building blocks (1) resource-oriented rest infrastructure, (2) Web APIs, and (3) Linked Data are in place, the envisioned intelligent agents have not landed yet. In this paper, we explain why capturing functionality is the connection between those three building blocks, and introduce the functional API description format RESTdesc that creates this bridge between hypermedia APIs and the Semantic Web. Rather than adding yet another component to the Semantic Web stack, RESTdesc offers instead concise descriptions that reuse existing vocabularies to guide hypermedia-driven agents. Its versatile capabilities are illustrated by a real-life agent use case for Web browsers wherein we demonstrate that RESTdesc functional descriptions are capable of fulfilling the promise of autonomous agents on the Web.


...................................................................................................................................... 6 1.INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.1OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................ 9 1.2 LOCATION ............................................................................................................................... 10 1.3 TECTONIC SETTING ................................................................................................................. 11 1.3.1 Subduction of the Caribbean plate in Northwestern South America .............................. 16 1.3.2 Geologic Provinces present in the area ...................................................................... 16 1.3.3 Other important geological features present in the area ........................................... 19 2. DATA AND METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................... 21 2.1 Seismic Reflection Data ...................................................................................................... 21 2.2 DSDP Well Log and Core Data ............................................................................................ 22 2.3 Bathymetry and Gravimetry ............................................................................................... 22 2.4 Methodology ................................................................................................................ 23 3. PREVIOUS GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES AND WELL STRATIGRAPHY OF THE COLOMBIAN BASIN ... 24 3.1 Ocean Drilling program information, Horizon A" and B" ................................................... 25 3.2 Stratigraphy of the Colombian Basin ................................................................................. 26 3.2.1 Western Colombian Basin ........................................................................................... 26 3.2.2 Eastern Colombian Basin ............................................................................................. 29 3.2.3 Magdalena Fan Stratigraphy ....................................................................................... 30


Article 23 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) explicitly includes 'the adoption of children' as a right to which people with disabilities are equally entitled. Despite the CRPD having been in force for over nine years, research is yet to consider whether CRPD signatory states have brought their respective adoption regimes in line with their obligations under art 23 of the CRPD. Using the laws of the Australian state of Victoria by way of case study, this article aims to shed light on the difficulties people with disabilities still face when attempting to adopt children. In terms of methodology, this article conducts an interpretive critique of Victoria's adoption law against art 23 of the CRPD, which it interprets mainly through the lens of the social model of disability. Ultimately, this article finds that Victoria's adoption framework closely resembles the adoption regimes of many other CRPD signatories, yet it clearly fails to uphold Australia's obligations under the CRPD. This is both as a result of the words of the legislation as well as their implementation in practice. This article proposes a suite of changes, both legislative and cultural, to bring Victoria's adoption framework in line with art 23, which it hopes will serve as a catalyst for change in other CRPD signatory states.


This article aims to situate the context of the implementation of teleradiology at the National Center for Medical Images in Costa Rica


Background: Perceived differences in word retrieval between naming and connected speech contexts have been of clinical interest to clinicians and researchers for the last 50 years. However, empirical studies of contextual influences on retrieval have surfaced only in the last two decades. Aims: The purpose of this exploratory investigation was to study lexical retrieval in both connected speech and naming tasks in a group of participants with mild aphasia. As previous studies have outlined possible relationships between word class (noun vs. verb) and elicitation context, retrieval of both nouns and verbs were investigated in naming and connected speech tasks. Methods & Procedures: Twenty individuals with mild aphasia presenting primarily as residual anomia and 10 age- and education-matched controls participated in this study. Accuracy in lexical retrieval attempts was compared across two contexts - confrontation naming and video narration, for targets in two word classes - nouns and verbs. Lexical targets in these two word classes had been matched as groups on an a priori basis for frequency and familiarity Outcomes & Results: Results indicated that all participants experienced greater word finding difficulty in confrontation naming than in video narration. Individuals with aphasia also demonstrated greater word finding difficulty for nouns than verbs, although subsequent analyses suggest that these findings may be explained by joint effects of word length and word frequency on of target stimuli. Conclusions: Context influenced lexical retrieval of both aphasic and normal aging subjects, although ''word class'' effects may have been attributable to combined characteristics of lexical targets. Although results appear to have implications for both assessment and treatment of lexical retrieval deficits, discussion emphasizes ways in which word finding abilities in connected speech may require different methods of study than those traditionally employed in the analysis of naming responses.


Microorganisms, such as archaea, favour life in a biofilm rather than the planktonic form of life. A biofilm is defined as a community of microorganisms embedded in a self-produced matrix of hydrated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), mainly polysaccharides (PS), proteins and extracellular DNA. The polysaccharides form a three-dimensional network, which provides stability of the biofilm and mediates the adhesion to surfaces. [1] Analysis of the monomeric composition of PS requires chromatographic separation and identification by mass spectrometry (MS).

A comparative study of different chromatographic methods for the analysis of the monomeric composition of exopolysaccharides from archaeal biofilms from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius has been carried out. For this study, different chromatographic separation methods, such as supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) and gas chromatography (GC), each coupled to mass spectrometry, were developed and compared by means of separation performance and sensitivity, using authentic standards.

The study revealed, that each method features distinct advantages and disadvantages over the other methods. For example, when using SFC-MS, no derivatization is necessary and soft ionization conditions can be used. [2] However, the HILIC-MS and RP-LC-MS methods show significantly greater separation performances for the analysis of the monosaccharide composition. [3] All investigated methods show similar quantification limits in the sub-mg/L range.

Finally, the developed chromatographic methods were applied to real biofilm samples of the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. To determine the monomeric composition of the exopolysaccharides from these archaeal biofilms, the extracellular polymeric substances were extracted from the biofilm and then the PS were hydrolyzed.

Literature:

[1] H.-C. Flemming, Nat. Microbiol. Rev. 2010, 8, 623 - 633. [2] M. Lafosse, J. Chromatogr. A, 1996, 720, 61-73. [3] V. Sieber, J. Chromatogr. A, 2014, 1350, 44–50.


Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the canal transportation and centering ability of Rotary ProTaper Next, Hyflex CM and Wave One primary systems using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in curved root canals. Materials and Methods: Total 30 freshly extracted maxillary first molars having root canals with curvature between 10°- 20° were divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. All teeth were scanned by CBCT to determine the root canal shape before instrumentation. In Group 1, the canals were prepared with ProTaper Next files, in Group 2 with Hyflex CM files and in Group 3 with Wave One files. After preparation, post-instrumentation scan was performed. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation images were obtained at 3 mm and 6 mm above the apical foramen and were compared using CBCT software. The amount of canal transportation and centering ability were assessed and statistically compared with one way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant test. (p<0.05). Results: All instrumentation systems used resulted in some amount of canal transportation. Data obtained suggested that Wave One files caused significantly lesser transportation and remained better centered in the canal than Hyflex CM and Rotary ProTaper Next files. Conclusion: The canal preparation with Wave One files results in lesser transportation and better centering ability than Hyflex CM and ProTaper Next rotary files in curved root canals.


Investigators from three different disciplinary traditions have devoted appreciable attention to bilingualism. Unfortunately, each of these three (psychology, linguistics and sociology) has normally conducted its work in isolation from the other. As a result, not only have the methods stemming from one discipline been unexamined by investigators associated with the others but there has been insufficient concern for integrating the particular aspects of reality that each of these disciplines recognizes into a single, inclusive theory of bilingual behavior. The current presentation is, therefore, divided into two parts. The first part consists of brief reviews and critiques of most efforts in traditional approaches to the study of bilingualism in each of the three separate disciplines. The second consists of an attempt to suggest an integrated (interdisciplinary) theory for the study of bilingualism.


was applied to 22 patients in the study group and it consisted of the pathways: informing of patients and their parents, bowel the day postoperative the 1st postoperative day, no drains and catheters, determining of criteria for safe discharge. Patients in control group (n=25) we did not apply the whole complex of ERAS pathways, but managed them in according to the current recommendations for preoperative fasting, PNV prophylactics, intraoperative fluid therapy, and surgery was also minimized. The primary outcome was the length of stay (LOS) in the hospital up to achieving of discharge criteria. Secondary outcomes were orthostatic tolerance and activity in the 1st postoperative day and patients' wellbeing (10-point morning a position the control Conclusions. The results of the study suggests the positive impact of the complex application of ERAS programme on wellbeing and activity of patients and reduced LOS in children in orthopaedic surgery.


Nicopolis of Epirus (north-western Greece), founded by Octavian to commemorate the Actium victory over Marc Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC, was also known as "Actia Nicopolis". Ancient authors' reports suggest that the city profited from very special imperial benefits: a privileged administrative statute (as civitas libera and probably foederata), a pre-eminent political position in the Delphic Amphictiony and in the province (as capital of Epirus), a leading ethnic-cultural role in western Greece (being populated through interregional synoecism), a strong symbolic meaning for the Roman policy in Greece (as the only proper Greek foundation of Augustus). Due to the strategic location, the city secured military control and provided economic support to the western coast of Roman Greece and subsisted on commerce, fishing, farming and stock-raising. The coinage is still probably the best archaeological evidence of the city's economic and cultural life, spanning from Augustus to Gallien with a large production of bronze issues and exceptional silver series under the Antonines. Further special features of the mint's production are, above all, a large "pseudo-autonomous" coinage and remarkable commemorative series in memory of the founder Augustus, which continued in production during the 2nd and the 3rd centuries.


Chung-nam province in Joseon Dynasty was basically divided into Naepo(內浦) cultural areas and Keumgang-river areas, with being situated in the middle of Keumbuck mountain line. Naepo areas were the places that showed dynamics and openness due to their marine feature of the west sea of Korea, which was different from Keumgang-river areas. These areas were ordinary people-oriented due to the commercial development because of the reason that it was the intermediate place of 'water traffic', connecting three southern-local provinces and the capital area. Meanwhile, enfolding Asan bay, inside river areas were geographically center-placed since it has a common life zone of the capital, Seoul, and Kyunggi province. These advantages that Naepo areas contained turned out to be a disaster during the Invasion of Japan, which was an unprecedented war between the two nations. It was because those areas became the largest evacuation places in the early period of the war, and were forced, due to its geographical advantages, to play a crucial role in supporting logistics of Joseon army. As a result, experiences that Naepo areas had to go through were more horrible than those of areas directly occupied by Japanese army, which resulted in ordinary people's seriously suffering. In the middle of this situation, those places were considered as disserted by the Joseon government, with revolts taking places such as the revolt of 'Song yoojin' and 'Lee monghak'. It had to take a long time to cure the pain and recover its own shape even after the tragedy of war since the wound was so deep. After the war, Naepo areas became the places of interests by the elite officials of the Seoul. It's because those areas were known as places appropriate for escaping since there are mountains and stable walls of defense, and there are abundant natural products, which derives from Asan bay. Moreover, those places became known as good shelters because they are located nearby Gongju's Yoogu, places regarded as sincerely safe in the period of natural and artificial disasters. In conclusion, it is likely that new cultural waves of elite officials were gradually formed right after elite officials flew into Naepo areas and settled down as of 17th century.


Recently rapid visco-analyzer(RVA) was applied in identifying rice quality.Different standard methods were used to analyze rice quality by using RVA and there were many influencing factors affected the RVA characteristic values, which made it difficult to compare the rice quality correctly.In this experiment,we analyzed the factors that might affect the RVA characteristic values,compared the different standard methods for RVA,discussed the relationship between RVA and Brabender values,and calculated the RVA results of repeatability and reproducibility for three different laboratories.Then we set up a method for testing qualities of rice grain by using RVA.The results showed that the degree of milled rice,the mesh size of flour and sample quantity significantly affected the RVA characteristic values,different methods of RVA analysis showed different results.The RVA characters values(except pasting temperature) were significantly correlated with Brabender values,the repeatability standard deviation and reproducibility standard deviation of comparison results among three laboratories were less than 5% and 13.6%,respectively.


[Objective] The research aimed to study the application effects of nano-biotechnology in increasing yield benefit of maize,rice and soybean,provide the basis for the promotion of the nano-efficiency fertilizer.[Method] The increasing yield benefit tests of maize,rice and soybean were made with different test design in different area.[Result] The results showed that compared to common fertilizer,the nano-efficiency fertilizer increased the rice yield of 10.29%,the spring maize of 10.93%-16.74 %,the soybean of 28.81%,and increased the soybean oil content of 13.19%.So the nano-efficiency fertilizer had the function of promoting the maize precocity,and had important significance of cultivating non-genetically modified soybeans.[Conclusion] The study is the new exploration based on multi-crossed disciplines,exploits the new field of nano materials applying in fertilizer.


Among the mechanical properties of polymer-matrix composite materials, the interlaminar tensile strength is among the most difficult to characterize. ASTM Standard D 6415 uses a curved-beam configuration for measuring interlaminar tensile strength. Not only the manufacturing process to produce curved-beam coupons with uniform radius and thickness could be challenging but also the curved-beam strength data typically exhibits large scatter. One question is whether ASTM D 6415 curved-beam interlaminar tensile strength data are coupon-specific, that is the curved-beam strength is not really a coupon-independent material property, suggesting that ASTM D 6415 is not adequate to measure interlaminar tensile strength. The objective of this work is to develop efficient and accurate methods to capture interlaminar tensile strength of composites. The authors expand a recently developed short-beam method coupled with the digital image correlation full-field deformation measurement technique to measuring the interlaminar tensile strength. The interlaminar tensile strength data are presented for IM7/8552 tape composite system. However, average curved-beam strength value is significantly lower compared to the short-beam test results. Micro-focus CT measurements show that porosity in the radius area is the reason for the low average strength value and the large scatter in the curved-beam strength test data. Once the stress concentration effects of porosity are captured through transfer of CT measurements into three-dimensional finite element model, the short-beam and the curved-beam test results agree. The short-beam method, which measures the interlaminar tensile strength for a pristine material, and the refined curved-beam method which accounts for manufacturing defects, represent more complete interlaminar tensile strength assessment methodology for composite structural designs.


This article deals with the policy discourse on social innovation at the European Union (EU) level as well as across nine European countries. We perform an exploratory analysis of relevant policy documents focusing on articulated policy authority, suggested actors, and key outcomes of social innovation. We also conduct an explanatory testing of the applicability of the varieties of capitalism as a traditional innovation classification system to social innovation. We find that the policy discourse across Europe lacks systemization and that EU agendas are only incompletely replicated at the individual country level. We also find that social innovation policies largely defy the principles governing traditional innovation policy regimes, which necessitates new or revised classification frames.


AbstractIn order to design programs that are relevant to global audiences, it is essential for informal learning centers to work collaboratively and test programs in a variety of communities. In line with this, research was conducted on a recent collaborative educational effort between Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago, Illinois and the National Museum of Niger in Niamey titled Community of Conservation. Students designed their own animal behavior research projects, collected data, and presented their results at a culminating event in their home country and to their peers via Skype. As part of the collaboration, education staff from both institutions participated in a cultural exchange. Mixed-method evaluation results indicated an increase in US and Nigerien student knowledge of the following: wildlife native to their own country, the wildlife and culture of their partner community, and the scientific process. Attitudinal (affective) changes in both staff and students were also evident with increased cultural u...


The development of near net shape 3-Dimensional products for industrial applications has been one main goal for Manufacturing Industries over the last few decades. Processes such as polymer blow moulding and its various stages of development, glass forming, extrusion, forging, centrifugal and sand casting, bulge forming and vacuum forming are typical processes that have contributed to this development. Current practices centre on Surface coatings, Rapid Prototyping, laser forming and nanotechnology manufacture of complex 3-D shapes and assemblies. The work described in this paper is a new and highly efficient and cost effective technique for producing 3-Dimensional thin walled shapes by using compressed gases to form and shape molten materials in a mould or die. A number of rectangular and cylindrical shapes have been produced to prove the concept and it proves to be successful in manufacturing near net shaped 3-D components of industrial standard.


Protective and marine coatings are used at high film thicknesses or high build shape for the purpose of supply exceptional stability and resistance to especially corrosive environments. They are divided into protective coatings (on-shore structures) and marine coatings (off-shore constructions). The top coat on a marine system should be resistant to mechanical or chemical damages. Scratch is a main factor in starting corrosion on the metal surfaces, and it is important in these surfaces to improve surface slip and scratch resistance. Useful substrate in maritime industry is steel. The formulation of scratch resistance coating is depending not only on the suitable basic material (resin, pigment, solvent) but also on the proper additives. In this article, we provide the solution how suitable resistance coating can be achieved by selecting the proper scratch resistance additive. The result will be improved with micronized wax on the basis of a PTFE-modified PE for solvent-borne coating systems.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) on the early-age behaviour of cementitious matrices. Different concentrations of STPP were considered (1–50 g/l). Rheological tests, setting time measurements, microcalorimetry and compressive strength tests were performed on Portland cement pastes. The main results showed that the effect of STPP on the early-age cement paste properties strongly depends on its concentration. Rheological tests showed an increase of viscosity for the higher STPP dosage. Microcalorimetric measurements revealed an increasing delay in early-age cement hydration as the STPP concentration increased. This delay was also recorded on setting times for the lower STPP dosages. The effect was inverted in the case of the higher STPP concentrations, for which a false set phenomenon was observed. In spite of the delay on hydration rate, the differences recorded between the compressive strength values of the different mixtures remained low.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and differences of risk factors of Metabolic syndrome according to menopausal status. From the database of the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V) conducted in 2012, data of 3,537 women who responded to health interview and health examination questionnaires. The presence of Metabolic syndrome was assessed using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The prevalence of Metabolic syndrome was 17.3% in premenopause and 54.3% in postmenopause. BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and Ferritin were higher in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women. However, postmenopausal women had lower HDL cholesterol and TIBC when compared to premenopausal women. Hypertension was the most prominent characteristic of postmenopausal women. Low HDL cholesterol showed up as a meaningful factor in premenopausal women. According to multiple regression analysis, waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of menopause. Therefore, obesity control and blood lipids management is recommended for postmenopausal women.


Abstract In this present work, a numerical study was conducted for the formation of a slug bubble for shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid in a cross-junction 2-D square horizontal microchannel. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) of concentration 0.2 (w/w%) percent was used as a continuous phase that shows the shear thinning behavior of non-Newtonian fluid and Nitrogen (N2) was used as the discrete phase. The pressure-based double precision solver was used in ANSYS FLUENT 2021 R2 with the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The finite volume method is applied for the discretization of the continuity and momentum equation. This article also focuses on the fluctuation of static pressure, mechanism of slug, annular, and churn annular flow i.e., obtained by the variation in the inlet velocities. On the other hand, a concept that was applied in this work was also validated with the prior literature data.


Abstract It is very important to identify deviation mechanism of price volatility of an industry asset and the affecting factors, and it is important to give the reasonable explanation and measurement to the abnormality of price volatility of the industry asset. This paper adopts heterogeneous panel and exploratory factor analysis methods, measuring industry risk by industry risk premium index, and constructs an industry MVS three dimensions vector factor model to analyze the factors consistent and affecting extent to industry risk. Furthermore, this paper analyzes simultaneously the linkage effect and working mechanism of multi-industries risks and gives an empirical research to determinants mechanism affecting industry risk.


The last two decades of the nineteenth century saw the inception of the labor movement in Latvia. During this period, the Latvian proletariat joined actively in the common struggle of the working class of the entire Russian empire against landowners, capitalists, and the Russian autocracy.


The contents of As,Pb,Cr,Hg and Cd of tea and soil were studied by methods of field survey from tea plantation in Jinghong laboratory analysis.Combining with the health quality standard of the tea and soil of tea plantation,the pollution indices were used to evaluate the pollution situation.The results showed that the average contents of the heavy metals were low from tea plantation in Jinghong.Tea heavy metals were lower than the threshold limit value.And heavy metals in the soil reached national secondary standard.The indices were less than 0.6 in single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of tea heavy metals.The tea quality reached national primary standard.Besides the comprehensive pollution index of As was 1.11,the others were all less than 1.0.The soil was in the safe class or warning class.The soil environmental quality was in clean level or still clean level.It was suggested that tea bases should be selected properly in future when planing non-polluted tea plantation on the whole.


A short history is given of the development of the correction for observation selection bias inherent in the calibration of absolute magnitudes using trigonometric parallaxes. The developments have been due to Eddington, Jeffreys, Trumpler & Weaver, Wallerstein, Ljunggren & Oja, West, Lutz & Kelker, after whom the bias is named, Turon Lacarrieu & Crézé, Hanson, Smith, and many others. As a tutorial to gain an intuitive understanding of several complicated trigonometric bias problems, we study a toy bias model of a parallax catalog that incorporates assumed parallax measuring errors of various severities. The two effects of bias errors on the derived absolute magnitudes are (1) the Lutz-Kelker correction itself, which depends on the relative parallax error δπ/π and the spatial distribution, and (2) a Malmquist-like "incompleteness" correction of opposite sign due to various apparent magnitude cutoffs as they are progressively imposed on the catalog. We calculate the bias properties using simulations involving 3 × 106 stars of fixed absolute magnitude using Mv = +0.6 to imitate RR Lyrae variables in the mean. These stars are spread over a spherical volume bounded by a radius 50,000 pc with different spatial density distributions. The bias is demonstrated by first using a fixed rms parallax uncertainty per star of 50 μas and then using a variable rms accuracy that ranges from 50 μas at apparent magnitude V = 9 to 500 μas at V = 15 according to the specifications for the Full-Sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer (FAME) satellite to be launched in 2004. The effects of imposing magnitude limits and limits on the "observer's" error, δπ/π, are displayed. We contrast the method of calculating mean absolute magnitude directly from the parallaxes where bias corrections are mandatory, with an inverse method using maximum likelihood that is free of the Lutz-Kelker bias, although a Malmquist bias is present. Simulations show the power of the inverse method. Nevertheless, we recommend reduction of the data using both methods. Each must give the same answer if each is freed from systematic error. Although the maximum likelihood method will, in theory, eliminate many of the bias problems of the direct method, nevertheless the bias corrections required by the direct method can be determined empirically via Spaenhauer diagrams immediately from the data, as discussed in the earlier papers of this series. Any correlation of the absolute (trigonometric) magnitudes with the (trigonometric) distances is the bias. We discuss the level of accuracy that can be expected in a calibration of RR Lyrae absolute magnitudes from the FAME data over the metallicity range of [Fe/H] from 0 to -2, given the known frequency of the local RR Lyrae stars closer than 1.5 kpc. Of course, use will also be made of the entire FAME database for the RR Lyrae stars over the complete range of distances that can be used to empirically determine the random and systematic errors from the FAME parallax catalog, using correlations of derived absolute magnitude with distance and position in the sky. These bias corrections are expected to be much more complicated than only a function of apparent magnitude because of various restrictions due to orbital constraints on the spacecraft.


AbstractThe antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of Aframomum meleguata (AMO) and the effect of cream bases on these properties were investigated using both Agar dilution and diffusion methods. The oil was found to be most active against gram positive bacteria with a MIC of 0.001% v/v against S. aureus and B. subtilis. C. albicans was inhibited at 0.5% v/v while Ps. aeruginosa and E. coli were each inhibited by 1.0% v/v. The release rate of the oil from the water soluble cream bases, Cetomacrogol or Aqueous cream was greater than that from the hydrocarbon cream base, oily cream due to the hydrophobicity of the oily cream.


In this paper,we introduce the medical IR imaging system's physics fundamental on medical applications,the photographic method of thermography on diagnosis of breast disease,the category of breast thermography the relation between breast thermography and clinical diagnosis.


The idea of the good has constituted in the western metaphysics a central role in the regimentation of anthropologic theories of diverse nature. We deal in the present study, in sole right, of the conception supported by the Spanish thinker Francisco Suarez in his Disputationes Metaphysicae. We depart from the reflection of the good, as transcendental property of the entity, to descend from this one here to the consideration of the person in intentional agent. The individual, still acting of intention with the sight put in the attainment of a certain good, to the time, formally he reaches the good that him is own and suitable: the kindness.


A Wave Rotor Combustion Rig (WRCR) is under development by a team including Purdue University, Rolls-Royce (LibertyWorks © ) and Indiana University-Purdue University. Theoretically, the wave rotor configuration provide s improved efficiency for gas turbine machines via a nearly constant volume combustion process that permits a significant pressure rise within the combustor. The objectives of the WRCR combustion experiment include concept verification and performance of the advanced combustor design for a turbomachinary-based engine. The Purdue team is responsible for development of the WRCR test facility as a part of this program and th is paper summarizes efforts relative to this aspect of the overall project.


The Classroom Attentiveness Classification Tool (ClassACT) is a system designed to monitor student attentiveness in a variety of instructional phases within the learning environment: lectures, group work, assessments, etc. By collecting information about the user, the user's environment, and the device itself via the various sensors built in to the tablet, processing the data, and then passing it to a classifier, ClassACT can distinguish between attentive and inattentive behavior. In the case of the formal assessment, which is the first case to be implemented, ClassAct can detect signs of academic dishonesty, as well. The system minimizes the reliance on specialized equipment and plug-n-play sensors, which reduces costs to classrooms, schools or universities wanting to implement ClassACT. Lower costs also makes this system easily extendable to online learning.


A two-season field experiment was carried out in the newly reclaimed calcareous soils of the Horticulture Research Station at Nubaria region during 2010 and 2011 summer seasons. The objectives of this research were to study the effect of two irrigation rates and five soil amendments treatments on cantaloupe yield, yield components, and quality as well as amounts of applied irrigation water and water use efficiency. The treatments were assessed in a split plot design with three replicates, where the tested irrigation rates e.g. 100 and 80% ETc were represented in the main plots, while and the five soil amendment treatments (control without any soil amendments, organic matter (20 mfed), organic matter + polymer (0.1% on mass basis) +, organic matter + organic matter+ taflah (0.2% on mass basis) and organic matter+ polymer + taflah +) were allocated to the subplots. The obtained results showed that:1The growth parameters e.g. number of branches 98 and branch length were significantly affected by the adopted irrigation rates and soil amendment treatments. Irrigation regime 100% ETc exhibited the highest values for both growth traits, comparable with 80% ETc regime. The soil amendment treatments (OM +Tafla) and (OM + Tafla+ Polymer) resulted in the higher figures of Number of branches plant in first and second seasons, respectively. Branch length trait was the highest with (OM + T + P) soil conditioner treatment in the first and second seasons.2Average number of fruits plant was increased with 80% ETc regime in the first and second seasons compared with 100% ETc regime. Average Fruit weight plant exhibited different trend, where the values were increased under100% ETc regime, in the first and second seasons, comparing with 80% ETc regime. The soil amendment treatment (OM +Tafla+ Polymer) attained the highest figures of number of fruits plant and fruit weight plant, in first and second seasons.3-Irrigation regime (80% ETc) insignificantly increased total fresh yield of cantaloupe crop, comparable with 100% ETc in the first and second seasons. The adopted soil amendment treatments revealed significant influence to affect total fresh yield of cantaloupe, and (OM + Tafla+ Polymer) resulted in the highest figures reached to 16.36 and 14.77 t/fed, respectively, in the first and second seasons.4The TSS exhibited a reversed response with the assessed irrigation rates, and increased with lower irrigation rate and vice versa and such trend was true in the first and second seasons. The highest figurers of TSS were recorded with (OM + Tafla) treatment, in the first and second seasons.5Applied Irrigation Water during 2007 and 2008 seasons were 1342 and 1074 m/fed for 100% and 80% ETc regimes, respectively, and the peak of applied water was during fruit formation stage (July). Water use efficiency (WUE) values were increased with 80% ETc regime, comparable with 100% ETc regime. The soil amendment treatment (OM+ Tafla+ Polymer) was superior to improve WUE for cantaloupe in comparison with the others soil amendment treatments.6-Based on the obtained results, it is advisable to irrigate cantaloupe crop with amount of water equals to 80% ETc and supplying the soil conditioner composed of (tafla + organic matter + polymer) to attain the highest fruit yield, growth parameters, yield components, fruit quality, as well as improved water productivity of cantaloupe crop under the circumstances of the present research work.


A relatively large family, there are 6500 species of shrubs or herbaceous plants, centred about the tropics/subtropics. Leaves are simple and entire and opposite with stipules, or whorled. The inflorescence is a cyme. Our species are generally four-merous; the flowers are perfect, subtended by a reduced calyx. Stamens are inserted, alternating with the corolla lobes. Ovary is inferior; carpels number 2–5. Nova Scotia has only four genera. Photograph use donated by Sean Blaney, Martin Thomas and David Mazerolle.


Redistribution hypothermia is an internal core-to-peripheral redistribution of body heat during the first hour after the induction of general anesthesia. It is associated with several adverse clinical outcomes, including postoperative shivering, increased blood loss, 2) decreased drug metabolism and clearance, morbid myocardial outcomes, wound infection, and delayed recovery from anesthesia. Redistribution hypothermia results from anesthetic-induced central inhibition of tonic thermoregulatory vasoconstriction in the arteriovenous shunt and anesthetic-induced arterial and venous vasodilation. Once redistribution of body heat occurred, the heat which had escaped to the peripheral tissues could not be recovered by the core, as heat does not move up a temperature gradient. In the early period of anesthesia, alterations in core temperatures due to difference in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) of induction agents can affect the ultimate severity of redistribution hypothermia occurred during the first hour after the anesthetic induction. A major difference between etomidate and propofol has been observed in their impact on vasomotor tone. Etomidate results in a minimal degree of reduction in SVR, but propofol induces a severe drop in SVR. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that etomidate as an induction agent result in less redistribution hypothermia than propofol.