Technological infrastructure must satisfy business requirements, and more importantly, it must be able to evolve to meet the new requirements. This requires not only a good understanding of business strategies, visions and functions, but also the evolvability built into the architecture. This chapter first presents a semiotic approach to the business and information technology (hereafter IT) systems. This approach treats the IT system as an integral part of the business organisation. The chapter then discusses the applicability of a semiotic framework in the e-government in the UK, particularly in an evolvable architecture for e-policing. The semiotic framework is applied in the assessment of the e-government strategies and systems requirements, and in the analysis of these requirements to the e-architecture. A case study demonstrating the applicability of the framework is conducted to evaluate the implementation of the national Information Systems Strategy for the Police Service (ISS4PS) and the Crime Justice Information Technology community (CJIT) in the UK. This chapter appears in the book, Electronic Government Strategies and Implementations, edited by Wayne Huang, Keng Siau, and Kwok K e Wei. Copyright © 2005, Idea Group Inc. Copying o distributing in print o electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com IDE GROUP PUBLISHING


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The antiulcer activity of ZD 7114, aI²3, - adrenoceptor agonist was studied in aspirin plus pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer in rats and its effect on continuous acid secretion was also studied against in vivo as well as in vitro models. For comparison, the effect of isoprenaline and salbutamol was studied simultaneously in all experimental models. In gastric ulcer model, I²-adrenoceptor agonists at all doses were found to be highly effective in affording gastroprotection. ZD 7114 treatment caused significant reduction in acid secretion in vivo model whereas no significant change was observed in vitro model of continuous acid secretion. In contrary to this no significant change in acid secretion was observed by treatment with isoprenaline and salbutamol in vivo model and a significant rise in acid secretion in vitro model.


Since the rediscovery of graphene in 2004, this material has attracted an enormous amount of interest owing to its unique structural, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties. Beyond this, the unique properties of graphene have also triggered extensive research on other two‐dimensional (2D) materials including transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), particularly for electronic and optoelectronic device applications. In particular, not only single junction but also various heterojunction devices based on 2D materials have afforded novel functionality and advances in many research fields. The availability of various 2D materials could allow the formation of a wide variety of heterojunctions with desired band alignments, thereby providing a powerful fabrication process platform for high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this review, the important fabrication techniques of i) doping, ii) contact engineering, and iii) heterojunction formation for improving the performance of 2D‐material‐based devices are first introduced. Promising 2D‐material‐based electronic and optoelectronic devices are then discussed, including lateral/vertical field‐effect transistors (FETs), negative differential resistance (NDR) devices, memory, photodetectors, photovoltaics, and light‐emitting diode (LED) devices.


Through somatic mutations, cancer cells accumulate cancer-specific mutated peptides, commonly referred to as neoepitopes or neoantigens, that can be recognized by T cells. Due to their cancer-specific nature, neoantigens are a highly attractive area of study for developing cancer immunotherapies. By comparing whole-exome sequencing of patient tumor tissue and matched normal tissue, researchers have been able to identify cancer-specific neoepitopes. However, the filters that can accurately delineate immunogenic neoepitopes from non-immunogenic remain elusive. Current methods, such as the pipeline developed by the Tumor Neoantigen Selection Alliance (TESLA), typically select short peptides based on hypothesized rules of immunogenicity. Importantly, only a small percentage of these epitopes have been reported to be recognized by T cells through experimental validation assays. In this study, we systematically tested the neoantigen prediction capabilities of our in-house pipeline, Identify-Prioritize-Validate (IPV), and the TESLA pipeline. Whole-exome sequencing from 11 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients was used to identify somatic variants. With IPV, variants were filtered and ranked primarily based on variant allele frequencies in RNA and DNA and 20mer peptides were generated from each mutation. In parallel, the TESLA pipeline was used to rank 8- 12-mer peptides based on a combination of HLA binding and stability predictions as well as expression levels of source antigens. Pools of the top 10 peptides from both methods were generated. To enable the direct comparison of TESLA and IPV while accounting for the disparate peptide lengths produced by the pipelines, two additional pools were generated: one pool of 20mers from the TESLA pipeline and one pool of 8-12mers from IPV. The four peptide pools were individually cultured in vitro with patient-matched PBMCs and immune recognition was measured through IFNg and IL5 using fluorospot assays. The IPV pipeline consistently outperformed the TESLA pipeline in predicting neoantigens that elicited an immune response. 5 of the 11 patients showed significant immune recognition of the IPV 20mer peptide pool, only 2 patients responded to the 20mer TESLA pool, while no patients responded to the TESLA and IPV 8-12mer pools. Through this data, we prove the efficacy of IPV, and its filters, and highlight the importance of utilizing 20mer peptides over shorter peptides. Finally, we deconvoluted the positive IPV responses and were able to provide the sequences of novel immunogenic neoepitopes. Our work underscores the improvement in the predictive ability of IPV in comparison to typical pipelines that output short peptides based on parameters derived from a priori knowledge and demonstrates the ability of IPV to be utilized as a tool to identify novel neoantigens.
 Citation Format: Leila Yasmine Chihab, Zeynep Kosaloglu-Yalcin, Jason Greenbaum, Aaron Miller, Stephen Schoenberger, Bjoern Peters. Experimental comparison of two pipelines to identify neo-epitopes in head and neck cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2719.


science from being humanized. Casting a wider glance reveals Agamemnons in underdeveloped countries—Ecuador's Gabriel Garcia Moreno, Ireland's Eamon de Valera, Indonesia's Sukarno, Cuba's Fidal Castro— who developed clearer visions of science's civilizing role. Jacob van Leur remarked, half a century ago, that 'Argument over planning in the craft of history would appear to be a waste of energy when there are so few hands in the workshop and work is more than abundant.' Holton has a large following among the physicists; for this historians of science may be thankful. Perhaps his exhortations on behalf of the discipline will stimulate significant scholarship.


Despite the world being in 21st century most of the developing and under-developed nation use traditional method for farming we requires tremendous energy and hectic schedule from a small scale farmer with a very measly return in terms of profit moreover the water wastage and continuous monitoring required to keep check in plants condition is just unjustified but with 58% of population having agriculture as primary income source most of the Indian farmers having extremely low income it seems impossible for them to hop over costly machineries. But now with the cost-effective processors out there in the market can provide a solution to all these issues faced by Indian farmers. With exponential progress of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in the market smart irrigation systems are becoming a new trend. This paper proposes design and theory of one such smart irrigation system using NodeMCU to wirelessly operate a network of irrigation modules by irrigating the field when required by measuring the water content of soil and keep checking condition of plant using a camera this paper also provide insight of how to keep safe integrity of data which travels from NodeMCU to user smartphone using ciphering methods and by keeping proposed system reliable and cost effective.


This prospective study of 200 men who underwent vasectomy using local anesthesia at the Edinburgh Family Planning Center had the following objectives: to identify problems in the early postoperative stage, to assess the value of preoperative counseling, to establish the length of time that elapsed before azoospermia, and to determine the effect of vasectomy on the couple's subsequent sex life. The mean age of study subjects was 34 years, with a range from 24-53 years. The largest proportion (63%) had 2 children. 86% reported no problems in the 1st 2 weeks after vasectomy; 14% experienced scrotal pain and swelling. 48% did not have to take any time off work postoperatively, while another 33% took 1-3 days off. Virtually all respondents indicated that vasectomy counseling had been a useful service. 1 year after vasectomy, 39% of male respondents and 48% of wives reported an enhanced sex life; 56% of men and 48% of women noted no change. 90% achieved azoospermia within 6 months of vasectomy.


Abstract It is widely believed that technology is enabling students to engage with their education in new and innovative ways, both inside and outside the formal learning environment. However, many e-learning interventions do little to change existing classroom practice. Moreover, when practices do change, we currently have little evidence about the ways in which individual students manage their access to materials outside the classroom, or the meanings they ascribe to their engagement with online resources. This problem is contextualised in relation to literature on the politics surrounding the strategic 'push' to e-learning. Issues such as deficit conceptions of widening participation, exclusion and surveillance are identified. The paper builds on this review with a study of students who are engaging with the curriculum in the online environment but are failing to take advantage of face-to-face class contact time. This is achieved using a set of Biographic Narrative Interpretative Method (BNIM) case studies. This method generates narratives about students' actions — or lack of them — in terms that are meaningful to them. The paper concludes by arguing that technology is not 'permitting' students to take their work home so much as requiring them to do so. This has changed how students engage in education, but in a way that complicates the process rather than improves it. As the cases here reveal, students may have to struggle to create a context in which they can learn successfully — and this applies just as readily to learning online as it does to classroom study.


Bulbomicrosphaera magnoliae A,Q Wang gen. sp.nov.parasitizing on Magnolia liliflora Desr.and collected from Meiling,Jiangxi prov.is reported,The new taxon is characterized by possessing a dichotomously branched apex and a bulbous based of the ap- pendages.Chinese and Latin diagnoses are given.Holotype (HMAS 50013) of the new taxon is deposited in HMAS,while isotype of which is deposited in the Plant Protection Deperment of Jiangxi Argicultural University.(NO:84651).


Anti‐endothelial and other cell membrane‐reactive antibodies in scleroderma were characterized by immunoblotting sera with membrane and cytosol preparations of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), dermal fibroblasts and a T cell lymphoma HUT78. Antibodies reactive with HUVEC membranes were found in 17 of 20 patients with scleroderma (33 bands) in contrast to only two of 20 controls (two bands; P<0.01) and three of 11 patients with myocardial infarction (four bands). Eleven of the 20 patients possessed antibodies that were specific for HUVEC membrane and did not cross‐react with other cell lines. Analysis of patient subgroups showed that HUVEC membrane antibodies were present in nine of 11 patients with systemic sclerosis and in all nine with the CREST syndrome, and were HUVEC‐specific in five and six of these cases, respectively. Although considerable heterogeneity was seen, antibodies to an 18–19‐kD membrane epitope were found in 11 of the 20 patients but in none of the controls (P<0.01). This antibody which reacted particularly with HUVEC (n=9) and HUT78 membranes (n=9) was associated with CREST syndrome rather than systemic sclerosis (9/9 versus 1/11; P<0.01), and after elution was shown to possess anticentromere activity. In addition, antibodies reactive with both fibroblast (n=11; 18 bands) and HUT78 membranes (n=18; 42 bands) were detected and were specific for either fibroblast or HUT78 membranes in nine and 14 patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of these fibroblasts and HUT78 membrane antibodies in the two patient subgroups. These findings support the concept that membrane‐reactive antibodies, including anticentromeric antibodies, may play a central role in the pathogenesis of scleroderma, through their ability to react with endothelial cells.


In view of the characteristics of hospital material management, the main problems in current material management are analyzed. Measures to improve material management are discussed. Firstly, Lean management is considered to be applied based on network information platform. Secondly, integration and intensive material management system is considered to be developed by using modern material management skill. Thirdly, accounting system is considered to be timely and accurate accounting.


We present a laser interference measurement method to monitor the transient motion of an object taking place within 1 μs. We propose a novel interference signal processing as a key technology, and confirm the capability of 2.5-ns time resolution.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the influence of maternal chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis on interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in cord blood and in blood obtained from very low birth weight (VLBW) infants within the first two hours of life.

DESIGN
Prospective clinical study.

SETTING
Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.

METHODS
We measured the serum levels of IL-6 in 30 consecutive VLBW infants born in our institute. IL-6 levels were evaluated in cord blood and in neonatal blood within 2 hours after delivery. Maternal chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis within the first 72 hours of life were monitored.

RESULTS
Maternal chorioamnionitis was detected in 7 of 30 patients (23.3%). There was no significant increase in IL-6 level in cord blood of newborns with maternal chorioamnionitis (p = 0.42). Serum level of IL-6 in this group did not differ from the level in newborns of mothers without signs of intraamniotic infection (p = 0.39). Neonatal early-onset sepsis was diagnosed in 7 of 30 patients (23.3%). There was no influence of neonatal sepsis on IL-6 level in cord blood (p = 0.98) and IL-6 level in neonatal blood (p = 0.19). We did not find any correlation between the group "chorioamnionitis positive" and "sepsis positive" (p = 0.31).

CONCLUSION
IL-6 in cord blood or in neonatal blood within 2 hours of life was not enough sensitive and specific marker of maternal chorioamnionitis as well as for early-onset neonatal sepsis in the group of very low birth weight infants.


The principle of empyema treatment includes cleansing the pleural cavity of bacterial infection and removing the empyema cavity. Open window thoracotomy (OWT) is the most invasive and radical treatment for severe empyema; the procedure itself, as well as its closure, is challenging.


Charles Dodgson warned a child correspondent of the dangers of living in the looking-glass world of mathematicians like himself, the high price of consistently believing "six impossible things before breakfast": . . . Don't be in such a hurry to believe next time—I'll tell you why—If you set to work to believe everything you will tire out the muscles of the mind, and then you'll be so weak you won't be able to believe the simplest true things. Only last week a friend of mine set to work to believe Jack-the-giant-killer. He managed to do it, but he was so exhausted by it that when I told him it was raining (which was true) he couldn't believe it, but rushed out into the street without his umbrella, the consequence of which was his hair got seriously damp, and one curl didn't recover its right shape for nearly two days. . . . In all his books, Brian Greene is our tour guide on a journey into his particular looking-glass world—string theory, an exercise in the speculative sublime, a sublime only for aficionados, certainly not for you and me. Here is the abstract of an article cited a respectable 201 times: . . . We show that a string-inspired Planck scale modification of general relativity can have observable cosmological effects. Specifically, we present a complete analysis of the inflationary perturbation spectrum produced by a phenomenological Lagrangian that has a standard form on large scales but incorporates a string-inspired short distance cutoff, and find a deviation from the standard result. We use the de Sitter calculation as the basis of a qualitative analysis of other inflationary backgrounds, arguing that in these cases the cutoff could have a more pronounced effect, changing the shape of the spectrum. Moreover, the computational approach developed here can be used to provide unambiguous calculations of the perturbation spectrum in other heuristic models that modify trans-Planckian physics and thereby determine their impact on the inflationary perturbation spectrum. Finally, we argue that this model may provide an exception to constraints, recently proposed by Tanaka and Starobinsky, on the ability of Planck-scale physics to modify the cosmological spectrum. . . .


Schistosomiasis is an endemic parasitic disease in tropical areas, of great importance for public health in Brazil. Minas Gerais is one of the Brazilian states with the highest prevalence of the disease. We objectived to describe the cases of schistosomiasis in the municipalities of Juatuba and Florestal, metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, and to identify the profile of those infected. For this, we consulted the information contained in the disease notification forms provided by the epidemiology sector of the two municipalities between 2009-2012. We found that in 2011 the disease peaked in Juatuba. We observed a higher number of cases of schistosomiasis in males aged 15-49 years in both municipalities. In the municipality of Juatuba, most cases of schistosomiasis were reported to be residents of urban areas. Finally, we found that the water courses, probable foci of schistosomiasis, are in peripheral and distinct points in both municipalities. For the successful control of the disease in the municipalities, and in extension to other Brazilian municipalities, we suggest the implementation of measures and actions for prevention and environmental control and health education for the population.


Based on the analysis on hundreds of collected bamboo products in China, this paper summarizes six basic functions of bamboo products, discussing these functions embody hollow character in some way because of the hollow affordance of bamboo itself. Furthermore, this study brings up a new concept "Hollow Design", pointing out that the hollow character of bamboo is the origin of the "Hollow Design". Then, this paper finds two design modes of "Hollow Design" which are based on horizontal cutting and vertical cutting of bamboo culms, the hole produced by these two design modes is the key factor and higher development of "Hollow Design", four sorts of holes are discussed. Finally, three advantages of "Hollow Design" are pointed out: "Hollow Design" explores the hollow affordance of bamboo fully; uses the simplest form to finish the most suitable function; provides a new idea for product design, not only for bamboo product design itself.


This case for teaching examines the theme of performance management, from the intention of a system's manager of a public company to have a Performance Management System. From the awareness of demand and pressure for organizational results, this manager thinks about current and past performance management in the company and mentions the subject at many organizational levels: Board of Directors, human resources and area supervisors. Within this process, some elements are revealed to diagnose the situation, which takes place before the implementation of a program, such as context characteristics, management dilemmas, difficulties, expectations, objectives and risks that serve as subsidies for a performance management implementation project in a company. The material creates space for discussions and reflections on the performance management process from the point of view of objectives, planning of the implementation of actions in the area of Human Resources [HR], the interaction between Human Resources [HR] and customer-areas in the companies and their strategies for service and public and private management.


Froth transportation characteristics have a significant impact on the flotation recovery especially in large flotation cells. The probability of an attached particle being recovered into the concentrate depends strongly on the location where it enters the froth phase. A mathematical model for froth transportation in industrial flotation cells was proposed (Zheng et al, 2004). The model has been tested on the experimental data obtained from testwork conducted at the Western Metals Hellyer lead/zinc concentrator. The results show that the model fits the experimental data well, especially when the froth is well developed (ie for a deep froth). The model fitting can be significantly improved by incorporating an air dispersion factor. However, the models encounter some limitation, ie inconsistent prediction at different froth heights, due to change in froth viscosity which cannot be modelled at the present time.


A survey of urinary schistosomiasis was conducted among primary school children in Abini Community, Biase Local
Government Area of Cross River State. Centrifuge concentration technique was employed in the analysis of the urine samples.
Of the 200 urine samples examined, an overall prevalence of 35% with mean egg count of 58.8 egg/10 ml of urine was
recorded. Peak prevalence was observed in children between 12-13 years old. There was no significant difference in the
prevalence rate between males and females (t-test, p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in intensity of infection
between males and females (t-test, p > 0.05). Because of lack of pipe-borne water, the children were involved in various
activities in cercarial-infected water thus predisposing them to urinary schistosomiasis infection . Keywords : prevalence, intensity, urinary schistosomiasis, school children. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology Vol. 28 (1) 2007: pp. 28-31


This paper deals with the relationship between two very important EU pieces of procedural legislation: on the one hand, regulation no. 44/2001, on jurisdiction and recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (the so called Brussels I regulation), and, on the other, regulation no. 1346/00, on insolvency proceedings. Both regulations apply between the European Members States1 and have introduced very important uniform provisions within their objective scope of application. Regulation no. 44/2001 is really the "heir" of the Brussels Convention of 27 September 1968: therefore, it has a much longer history than the insolvency regulation. As a matter of fact, the Convention of 1968 basically set down the foundations of the European judicial space, based on mutual trust and on the equivalence between the courts of the various Member States. It is beyond the scope of this paper to enter into the details of the Brussels I regulation / Convention. Here, I am mostly concerned with the boundaries between regulation no. 44 and the insolvency regulation. In order to trace such boundaries, one fi rst needs to examine Art. 1 of what used to be the convention of 1968. According to this provision, the Convention applied to civil and commercial matters. Art. 1, however, did not defi ne the notion of civil and commercial matters: as a matter of fact, it only clarifi ed that the application of the Convention did not depend on the nature of the judicial body which rendered a decision. The Court of justice was therefore called upon to try and defi ne such a notion, in a series of important decisions which is impossible for me now to examine in any detail. Suffi ce here to say, therefore, that the notion of civil and commercial matters, in the case law of the Court, must be given a common and autonomous meaning, irrespective of the meanings given to this expression by the national


Results — Genotype distribution was A 51%, B 6.7%, C 5.7%, D 26.3%, E 7.7%, F 0.5%, G 2.1%. Among the 146 patients documented, 71.2% were Caucasians, 15.8% Africans, 13.0% Asians. Fifty-seven patients (36%) were HIV-infected. Eighty-two (42.3%) patients were HBeAg-positive. Genotype A was almost exclusively carried by Caucasians (96%), Africans were most frequent among genotype E (82%), and Asians were most prevalent among genotypes B and C (82% and 80%, respectively). Genotype A was associated with a higher prevalence of HBeAg than genotype D (53% versus 35.3%, P=0.03). PC variant was detected in 35% and CP variant in 43% of patients. PC variant was uncommon in genotype A patients (7.3%).


Public and private investors want timely, accurate financial information about institutions before investing. This requires adherence to internationally accepted financial disclosure standards. However, implementing these standards is a particular challenge for economies in transition from the Soviet-era central planning approach toward a market economy. In response to requests from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, and Uzbekistan, the Asian Development Bank provided a technical assistance grant (TA 6249-REG) to build capacity to enhance financial disclosure standards. This book is a compendium of the project's findings, activities, results, and recommendations. It can be a valuable guide to accountants, auditors, financial institutions, regulators, investors, governments, researchers, and others interested in the financial practices and progress of these developing nations.


With the popularization of the computer as a technical means of modem management, the computer has been applied to college P.E. work. However, its effectivefunction has not yet been fully displayed, so effort should be concentrated on the development and application of applied software in order to realize the scientific management in college P.E..


Sorghum bicolor L. Moench, RS 610, was grown in liquid media salinized with NaCl, KCl, Na2SO4, K2SO4 or with variable mixtures of either NaCl/KCl or Na2SO4/K2SO4 at osmotic potentials ranging from 0 to -0.8 MPa. The purpose was to study the effects of different types and degrees of salinity in growth media on growth and solute accumulation. In 14-day-old plants the severity of leaf growth inhibition at any one level of osmotic potential in the medium increased according to the following order: NaCl < Na2SO4 < KCl = K2SO4. Inhibition of growth by mixtures of Na+ and K+ salts was the same as by K+ salts alone. Roots responded differently. Root growth was not affected by Na+ salts in the range of 0 to -0.2 MPa while it was stimulated by K+ salts. The major cation of leaves was K+ because S. bicolor is a Na+-excluder, while Na+ was the major cation in roots except at low Na+/K+ ratios in media. Anions increased in tissues linearly in relation to total monovalent cation, but not with a constant anion/cation ratio. This ratio increased as the cation concentrations in tissues increased. Sucrose in leaf tissue increased 75 fold in Chloride-plants (plants growing in media in which the only anion of the salinizing salts was Cl−) and 50 fold in Sulphate-plants (the only anion of the salinizing salts was SO42-). Proline increased 60 and 18 fold in Chloride- and Sulphate-plants, respectively, as growth media potentials decreased from 0 to -0.8 MPa. The concentrations of both sucrose and proline were directly proportional to the amount of total monovalent cation in the tissue. Sucrose concentrations began increasing when total monovalent cations exceeded 100 μmol (g fresh weight)−1 (the monovalent cation level in non-stressed plants), but proline did not start accumulating until monovalent cation concentrations exceeded 200 μmol (g fresh weight)−1. Therefore, sucrose seemed to be the solute used for osmotic adjustment under mild conditions of saline stress while proline was involved in osmotic adjustment under more severe conditions of stress. Concentrations of inorganic phosphate, glucose, fructose, total amino acids and malic acid fluctuated in both roots and leaves in patterns that could be somewhat correlated with saline stress and, sometimes, with particular salts in growth media. However, the changes measured were too small (at most a 2–3 fold increase) to be of importance in osmotic adjustment.


A steel industry requires upgrading the piping installation at the beginning of wastewater treatment systems. Waste water  treatment  system early  wear  of  piping systems and  basically  an  industrial production process want that goes running with a good system and in accordance  with the planned standards. In this research, stress analysis with manual calculations and using CAESAR II software. The pressure in the pipe or piping system generated as a result of such loads, sustained loads and loads due to expansion. From the simulation can be seen that the safe limit pipe materials used in piping  systems wastewater  treatment  of  steel  plant  to  the  stress  resulting  31.2  MPa  and  the allowabled stress  266.5 MPa. Theoretical calculations and by simulation software obtained error on Bending Stress (Sb) at 2.02%, and Displacement stress (SE) at 2.02%. By providing variations input temperature of pressure 89.6 kPa, temperatures are not allowed greater than 246oC, and temperature 46 ° C pressure variations are not permitted huge pressure of 15089.6 kPa past the allowable stress that the pipe will experience fatigue failure (exhaustion).


The processing principle and characteristics of grinding stainless steel pot using blade wheel were observed and analyzed firstly.Then,the reasonable tangential speed of blade wheel was derived based on the experiments and theory.And the reasonable speed of blade wheel cutting depth and other processing parameters were presented according to the characteristics of stainless steel pot.


This paper presented the load spectrum of an off-road vehicle obtained from a standard proving ground testing,using random vibration and spectral analysis theory.The pretreatment included outliers excluding,tendency eliminating,stability test,sample selection and low pass filtering,etc.Then,it gave examples of the compression and extrapolation of load spectrum,based on rain-flow counting.Finally,based on target association model,superposition and reconstruction was finished.This research result can prepare the ground for laboratory road simulation test in further step.


Abstract This study measures the impact of central planning in China on the efficiency of cotton yarn production. First, an analysis of plant panel data for the period 1922-1936 studies the cotton yarn technology. This technology is found to be Cobb-Douglas with constant returns and with a labor parameter of 0.45. Second, this information is used to analyze industry time-series data from 1922 to 1986. This analysis finds that the absence of trade from 1949 to 1978 caused major drops in output when cotton crops failed. In addition, central planning is responsible for a 21% decline in total factor productivity. In contrast, the 1978 reform does not show by the end of our sample a major impact on the total factor productivity of this industry. J. Comp. Econom., March 1993, 17 (1) , pp. 23-42. Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305.


Focus groups have untapped potential for classroom teaching, student-generated research, and evaluation of student learning. In this session, presenters share experiences developing and teaching an experiential learning activity titled, "Engaging Students through Focus Group Methodology." Designed to offer advanced students a capstone experience in conducting and presenting original research using focus group methodology, the activity also facilitates other forms of student learning and faculty research. Moreover, the focus group exercise allows students to explore diversity among themselves. Finally, instructors can use focus groups for evaluative research on teaching and learning. This session will use several pedagogical strategies, including focus group methodology itself, to present experiences and gain audience feedback.


We designed and processed a Φ100mm measurement integral sphere, which connected with a fluorescence spectrophotometer by optical fiber, to meet the require of studies and application of white light-emitting diode for especial illumination. The system can measure the spectral power distribution of LED.On basis of the spectrum distribution, we can calculate the optical and colorimeter parameter of LED such as CIE color coordinate, color temperature, color rendering index and so on. This method can avoid color-correction which is necessary for general photometer and the large data error caused by color-correction.


Abstract Humic substances (SH; product of the biotransformation of organic matter) have been widely used in agricultural processes such as soil remediation and also as bioremediation agents due to their ability to chelate toxic wastes. HS have been also used in animal production to promote growth performance. Animal production systems currently require cleaner production coupled with competitive performance. Today´s trends also include management alternatives such as supplementation with feed additives from natural sources to improve productivity and animal health. This review focuses on how SH contributes to poultry production based on research claims that SH supplementation to broilers and laying hens allows optimizing nutrient digestion, leading to improved productivity. Given the existing relationship between intestinal physiology and the immune response, there could be positive immunomodulatory effects associated with the dietary inclusion of these additives


Clerks are the officials in the organization of all levels in the traditional society of China. They are also the main component in bureaucracy. The employment and retirement of the Clerks contributed a lot to the improvement of the administrative efficiency and the carry out of the set-up goals. Clerks employment in Qing Dynasty were more accurate than before,but in practice,their defects were more obvious.It told us there were many unrational factors in Clerks employment.


Let G be any Hausdorff topological group and let βGX denote the maximal G-compactification of a G-Tychonoff space X. We prove that if X and Y are two G-Tychonoff spaces such that the product X×Y is pseudocompact, then βG(X×Y)=βGX×βGX.


Objective To prepare visualized iodized oil-5-fluorouracil loaded polylactic acid(PLA)micropheres for hepatic artery embolism treatment.Methods Biocompatible and biodegradable material PLA was used as vector and iodized oil was used as positive contrast agent to prepare 5-fluorouracil loaded microspheres using double emulsion method.The preparation technology of the microspheres was developed through optimization of appearance,size distribution,drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency by orthogonal-designing method.Results The prepared PLA microspheres were round in shape and had a homogenous diameter distribution.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)showed a pored surface,with an average diameter of 100μm.The encapsulation efficiency and drug content of microspheres were(63.34%±0.54%)and(10.78%±0. 14%),respectively.Conclusion We have successfully prepared the visualized iodized oil-5-fluorouracil PLA microspheres, which can release 5-fluorouracil in a controlled manner.


Currently temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) can be reliably diagnosed based on symptoms and findings specifically associated with the masticatory system.(1) One would expect that the response of T ...


A switch for modulation of the Q-factor of a multimode storage resonator in a high-power active microwave pulse compressor is described. The switch was tested at low power level in a compressor operated at X band. A power gain of 19:1 in the compressed pulse with pulse duration of 40–50 ns was achieved. It is expected that the use of the switch as a component of an active microwave compressor may make it possible to produce compressed pulses at the gigawatt power level.


The broadband mirror aerial is considered. The aerial mirror is realised in a kind diffraction grating. The depth of flutes of a grating change lengthways opening so that to provide identity of phases of the flutes of beams reflected from a bottom in a plane of a radiated wave. It is offered to reduce essentially the height irradiator mechanism attachment of an irradiator in comparison with traditional a variant. Possible ways of reduction of depth of a profile of a mirror are considered. Accounts characteristics of variants of realisation of the aerial are considered


Four pigeons were trained to peck a key for reinforcement. Two were prepared for stomach-fistula feeding and two were sham-operated. The fistulated birds were reinforced with 7 drops of 5% dextrose solution per minute, and the sham-operated birds did not receive any reinforcement. All the birds extinguished rather rapidly. There did not seem to be any difference between the stomach-injection reinforced birds and the nonreinforced birds. This was taken to indicate the absence of a stomach-feed-back system, such as has been demonstrated in the rat.


The major problem in this research paper is to explain how living with brain cancer is reflected in Letters to God movie. The purpose of this research paper is to analyze Tyler's live in David Nixon's Letters to God movie based on the structural element of the movie and based on an individual psychological approach. The object study is David Nixon's Letters to God movie. It is using an individual psychological approach.
In analyzing this study, the researcher uses qualitative research and individual psychological approach. The primary data source of this research is Letters to God movie. The secondary date sources are material about individual psychology, theory of literature, theory of personality and the other source that support the analysis.
Having analyzed this research paper, the researcher present some conclusions. First, based on the structural analysis it is found that in this movie, David Nixon conveys a message that "one must be optimistic even at the worst condition". Second, based on the psychological analysis, it is evident that in this movie David Nixon illustrated a psychological phenomenon in which an individual had a positive attitude in encountering the incurable disease


In order to better balance the multi-objective requirement in the design of residential natural daylight environment,this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization design for the residential natural daylight environment and believes that objective control can be transformed into form design dependent upon the 3 practices of "specify objective→integrate objective→accomplish objective" listed in the paper,and through such progressive design and reflection,1 kind of comprehensive,systemic and accurate design results can be obtained,which covers various angles included in residential natural daylight environment and integrates building design related to natural daylight environment as well as design processes and methods of other environment designs.


The invention relates to a film (66) with at least one electrical component and a method for production of such a film. An adhesive layer of a radiation-curing adhesive is applied to a base film (61). The adhesive is applied to the base film in the structured form of a pattern and/or is irradiated according to a pattern, such that the adhesive hardens in a structured form, according to the pattern. A transfer film (41) is applied to the adhesive layer, comprising a support film and an electrical functional layer. The support film (41) is removed from the base film, the adhesive layer and the film body, comprising the electrical functional layer, whereby the electrical functional layer remains on the base film (61) in a first region, structured in the form of a pattern and, in a second region, structured in the form of a pattern, the electrical functional layer remains on the support film and is removed with the support film from the base film (61).


The frequency of heatwave events has increased in recent decades because of global warming. Satellite observed Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a widely used parameter for assessing heatwaves. It provides a wide spatial coverage compared to surface air temperature measured at weather stations. However, LST quality is limited by cloud contamination. Because heatwaves have a limited temporal frame, having a full and cloud-free complement of LST for that period is necessary.  We explore gap filling of LST using other spatial features like land cover, elevation and vegetation indices in a machine learning approach. We use a seamless open and free daily vegetation index  product which is paramount to the success of our study.  We create a Random Forest model that provides a ranking of features relevant for predicting LST. Our model is used in filling gaps in Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) over three heat wave periods in different summers in Estonia. We compare the output of our model to an established spatiotemporal gap filling algorithm and with in-situ measured temperature to validate the predictive capability of our model. Our findings validate machine learning as a suitable tool for filling gaps in satellite LST and very useful when short time frames are of interest. In addition, we acknowledge that while time is an important factor in predicting LST, additional information on vegetation can improve the predictions of a model.


In this paper, homothetical and translation lightlike graphs, which are generalizations of homothetical and translation lightlike hypersurfaces are investigated in the semi-Euclidean space $ \mathbb{R}_{q}^{n+2} $, respectively. We prove that all homothetical and all translation lightlike graphs are locally the hyperplanes. According to this fact, both of these graphs are minimal.


Modern dressings and the concept of moist care have improved the treatment of chronic wounds. However, even when the underlying causes are controlled, full recovery may still take weeks or even months. Once granulation tissue is visible and the wound bed has fl attened, skin grafting is a good treatment option. Split-thickness skin grafts taken from occipital donor sites, where stem cells can be found in the hair follicles, have shown particularly good clinical outcomes in our hands [ 1, 2 ] . However, their usefulness is limited in elderly males with atrophic bald scalps. Furthermore, patients suffering from chronic wounds are often of advanced age and have multiple comorbidities that disqualify them from major surgical interventions [ 3 ] . Suction blister epidermal grafting (SBEG) was introduced by Kiistala and Mustakallio Flavia Angeletti , Roland Kaufmann


he design of an integrative pest management program for rodents depends on an understanding of the biology and ecology of pest species. Here, we describe the abundance, and demographic and reproductive parameters of Mus musculus (House Mouse) in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. A total of 906 house mice were trapped over 3 dry seasons (2009–2014) in a rural community. The sex ratio was significantly different from 1:1, with males (n = 519) more abundant than females (n = 389). Male mice were heavier than non-pregnant females. Mice in the weight class 8.1–12.0 g were more abundant compared to other weight classes. House Mice trapped in Merida had high reproductive parameters (e.g., 51% of females were pregnant) and reproductive rates (estimated birth rate of 61 young per year). This information provides additional insights into the natural history of the House Mouse in tropical regions. Further studies evaluating factors such as rainfall, pathogens, or predation rates on mouse populations will increase our understanding of rodent population dynamics in tropical rural localities.


∗ This paper was originally prepared for inclusion in a volume of essays to be published in honor of Dr. E. V. Sayers, on the occasion of his retirement from the University of Hawaii a few years ago. Unfortunately this project had to be abandoned owing to unforeseen difficulties, and so this paper is now offered separately.


In this paper, we investigate the generalized Woodall sequences and we deal with, in detail, four special cases, namely, modified Woodall, modified Cullen, Woodall and Cullen sequences. We present Binet's formulas, generating functions, Simson formulas, and the summation formulas for these sequences. Moreover, we give some identities and matrices related with these sequences.


The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates for early integration of palliative care for all children with life‐threatening illness. Provider awareness and misperceptions, however, can impede this imperative. In the Eurasian region, little is known about physician knowledge and perspectives on palliative care.


[While the present dispensation in Kabul can be regarded as relatively more stable than the regimes in recent pre-2001 period, a number of challenges – security, political and socioeconomic – continue to persist. The Afghan National Army and other law enforcing agencies find it hard to fend off the continuously increasing and assertive strength of resistance forces. Talks between the representatives of Kabul government and the resistance forces have been reinitiated in Qatar but the outcome and future course remains too little to talk about. Their contacts can only be regarded as 'talks about talks' for complete withdrawal of foreign troops and the positions on Constitution among the major issues on the road to a possible yet hard-to-achieve negotiated settlement. Economy and quality of life are far from satisfactory and are actually in danger of further deterioration. If a negotiated and peaceful settlement is desired, then both the sides will have to soften their stances to an extent. The role of regional countries as well as the UN – not really in the lead so far – will assume a critical significance. – Editors.] Soviet Union attacked Afghanistan in 1979 and for the next over a decade, Afghanistan saw Soviet backed governments in Kabul. There was little control of these governments outside the capital as Mujahedeen, whose resistance remained active throughout the Soviet occupation, enjoyed control in most parts of the country; yet the government's control in Kabul was of symbolic significance and its continuity in controlling it was projected as a sign of stability. Such was the symbolic value of Kabul's reign that the city endured fierce fighting between different factions of Mujahedeen in 1990s for its occupation. The civil war that followed the emergence of Taliban in 1995, also represented Kabul's significance to assert political control over the whole country. Indeed this was one of the reasons why Taliban, in spite of controlling majority of Afghanistan, were not recognized by the world at large as legitimate Afghan government during late 1990s. One of the challenges for the US-led coalition, after occupying Afghanistan, was therefore to create a conducive and enabling environment to run the state affairs smoothly by ensuring a stable government in Kabul. Thus, the adoption of a constitution (in 2004) and consequently sustaining a government in Kabul by holding the elections of Parliament twice (September 2005 and September 2010) and for the This is a revised and updated version of the paper presented in international symposium on "The Situation in Afghanistan after NATO's Withdrawal", held in Istanbul under the auspices of South Asia Strategic Research Center on May 5-7, 2015. Khalid Rahman is Director General, Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad. The current Afghan constitution was approved by consensus in January 2004 after the 2003 Loya-Jirga. The Parliament consists of two houses: the House of the People or Wolesi Jirga which consists of a maximum of 250 delegates, with at least 64 women delegates. It is This content downloaded from 188.8.131.52 on Wed, 05 Oct 2016 04:30:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


Fatigue crack propagation tests on annealed and quenched medium-density polyethylene showed the annealed specimens to have much lower resistance to crack initiation and subsequent propagation. Although the same fracture mechanism, in which the brittle crack gradually becomes more ductile, prevailed in both cases, the voided and fibrillated crack tip root craze in the annealed material was much weaker that the nonfibrillated quenched root craze. Microstructural analyses indicate that the annealed material had separate crystallite populations, whereas the quenched material had a more homogeneous morphology. The highest melting fraction of the annealed material was composed of lamellae that were about 270 A thick, and the quenched lamellae were estimated to be 160 A thick. The reduced fatigue crack propagation resistance of the annealed material was suggested to be a result of a lower concentration of tie molecules and its reduced damping capability, compared to the quenched material.


Abstract Recent studies suggest that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family members such as TNFα and lymphotoxin αβ (LTα1β2) are important in the development of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and maintenance of FDC function. In this study we used FDC-like cells (FDC-LC) cultured from normal human tonsil and investigated the effects of TNF and LTα1β2 on expression of adhesion molecules and the production of cytokines and chemokines. TNF and LTα1β2 both increased the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 on FDC-LC. In addition, IL-4 with LTα1β2 synergistically increased the expression of VCAM-1, but not ICAM-1. Cytokine IL-6 and IL-15 mRNAs were induced following stimulation with TNF and LTα1β2. These two cytokines were present in FDC-LC supernatants by ELISA and increased following TNF and LTα1β2 stimulation. We also examined FDC-LC for chemokines, which affect B cells, including IL-8, SDF-1, MIP3β/ELC, and BCA-1/BLC. SDF-1 mRNA and protein were expressed by FDC-LC, and following stimulation with TNF and LTα1β2, decreases in both were observed. Therefore, TNF and LTα1β2, which are produced by activated B cells, increased the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines from FDC-LC, potentially providing key signals to support germinal center B cell survival and differentiation.


This collection of essays gives an analysis of the different forms of danger in varioius qualitative research settings. Includes accounts of researchers' experiences encompassing emotional, ethical and professional 'danger' as well as physical. Focus is given to gendered forms of danger implicit in the research process.


This paper presents a new switch, the injection-nulling switch (INS), for minimizing both the charge injection error and the clock feedthrough error in switched-capacitor circuits. Comprised of two identically designed MOS transistors and a capacitor, INS benefits from using matching transistor characteristics, which result in an improvement in the reduction of switch errors on the conventional techniques. In this paper, the working mechanism of the INS technique and the analysis of the impact of nonideal effects on the switch are described. A comparison with other switch employments using sample-and-hold circuit implementation in AMS 0.6-/spl mu/m CMOS technology is also discussed. The simulation results have verified that the proposed method is insensitive to the nonideal effects. Besides, its effectiveness has also been validated by the experimental results.


Due to the higher maintenance cost,unreasonable maintenance resources allocation and no prediction in structural performance resulting from conventional bridge design method,the present study developed whole-life design method based on lifetime cost and performance to offset the limitations.Whole-life cost model including construction cost and maintenance cost was established as objective function.The geometrical dimensions,concrete properties and timing of maintenance during service were treated as variables,and structural stresses,geometrical parameters and material properties were treated as boundary conditions to establish a relation model of existing bridges performance and maintenance strategies,so as to verify the reasonability of the developed design method and flowchart.The results indicate that this whole-life design method based on whole-life cost and performace of concrete bridges is reasonable and can consider structural performance,maintenance plan and maintenance cost,and balance the construction cost and maintenance cost.


A multiple regression technique has been employed to calculate equations correlating x-ray fluorescent intensities with composition for complex sample matrices. The technique has been applied to a variety of materials containing major and minor components with a wide range of atomic numbers. Equations for the concentration of elements as functions of the fluorescent intensities of the sample constituents are developed to calculate concentrations without the need for calibration curves. The equations themselves are programmed for computer calculation, permitting complete computer determination of sample composition from measured intensities. In order to predict matrix effects, equations are also developed for the fluorescent intensities of elements as a function of the sample composition.


The paper describes a procedure to perform backanalysis in a systematic manner in the context of ageing tunnels. Basically the input data include information on relative
displacements or deformations of specific points in the lining of a tunnel exhibiting long term movements and the objective of the procedure is to identify a set of parameters that characterize the surrounding soil and the lining properties. Any damage in the infrastructure should give a change in those parameters identified. The analysis should be able to obtain useful information for the manager of the tunnel, in terms of maintenance, repair of some sections, warning in case of danger, etc. The paper presents the basic theory of parameter
identification and an application to the backanalysis of a tunnel section from London
Underground, where some measurements of rotation of lining segments are available.


Through-the-wall imaging (TWI) with ultra-wideband (UWB) radar is promising as the three-dimensional imaging sensor, for detecting human body buried in collapsed walls in rescue scenario. The pulse-Doppler radar is suitable for the above applications, where the Doppler velocity is exploited as human body recognition or motion estimation. Since, in the TWI scenario, the center frequency of the transmitted pulse should be low to maintain an enough penetration depth in a concrete wall, it suffers from an insufficient Doppler frequency resolution in using the Fourier transform based conversion. In addition, the received signal with larger fractional bandwidth could not be overlapped from first and last pulse hit if a long observation time is available, then the Fourier transform based Doppler analysis is not suitable for dealing with the above case. To overcome such difficulty, this paper proposes the Gaussian-kernel based conversion algorithm from extracted range-τ (τ denotes slow time) points to their corresponding Doppler velocities. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) based numerical simulation demonstrates that our proposed method simultaneously improves the Doppler velocity resolution and temporal resolution.


In this study, NACA0018 airfoil surface conformity test was conducted using API tracker3 in combination with SpatialAnalyzer (SA) and modeling software SolidWorks. Plaster of Paris is used as a plug making material and a woven-type fiberglass is used as mold and airfoil surface making material. For airfoil surface analysis, three-dimensional model of the airfoil surface was developed in SolidWorks software and imported in IGES file format to SpatialAnalyzer (SA) software. Then, measurements were taken from manufactured airfoil surface using laser tracker through surface scanning method. Surface conformity test was conducted through fitting of measured points to surface model imported from SolidWorks to SpatialAnalyzer (SA) software. The optimized fit summary result shows that the average fit difference is 0.0 having standard deviation from 0.22224 from the average and zero with RMS of 0.2210. The maximum magnitude of the difference including x and y together is 0.5336 and the minimum −0.5077. Thus, with a given range of surface quality specification, laser tracker is an easy and reliable measurement and inspection tool to be considered.


(2000). Clinical Dimensions of Anticipatory Mourning: Theory and Practice in Working with the Dying, Their Loved Ones, and Their Caregivers. Therese A. Rando, Ed. The Hospice Journal: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 53-55.


Somatic embryogenesis was obtained from young leaf explants of rosemary with 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyaceti acid (2, 4D) in different concentrations (0.45, 2.25, 4.52, 6.75, 9.04 µM) in combination with Benzyladenine (BA) using modified woody plant medium (WPM). The best frequencies of induction were obtained in a medium supplemented with 2.25 µM 2, 4-D and 0.45 µM BA, in which 100% of the calli produced somatic embryos. Subculture of primary somatic embryos on modified WPM without hormones gave rise to clusters with secondary somatic embryos and embryogenic calli. These clusters were sub-cultured every 4 weeks, and an average of 10% of the secondary somatic embryos developed into plantlets in each subculture. The same culture on WPM containing Abscisic acid (ABA) in different concentrations (3.48, 7.67, 11.35 µM) also yielded de novo secondary embryos and whitish embryogenic calli.


Using mathematical modelling we have studied the conditions of low-threshold collinear optical frequency comb generation under transient (picosecond) stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and parametric four-wave coupling of SRS components in crystals. It is shown that Raman-parametric generation of an octave-spanning optical frequency comb occurs most effectively under intermediate, transient SRS at a pump pulse duration exceeding the dephasing time by five-to-twenty times. We have found the optimal values of not only the laser pump pulse duration, but also of the Raman crystal lengths corresponding to highly efficient generation of an optical frequency comb from the second anti-Stokes to the fourth Stokes Raman components. For the (high dispersion) and (low dispersion) crystals pumped at a wavelength of and a pulse duration five or more times greater than the dephasing time, the optimum length of the crystal was 0.3 and , respectively, which is consistent with the condition of the most effective Stokes – anti-Stokes coupling , where is the wave detuning from phase matching of Stokes – anti-Stokes coupling, determined by the refractive index dispersion of the SRS medium.


In order to reduce the power loss and improve the efficiency of power utilization in the transmission line,a new-type energy-saving conductor named JL/LHA1-220/230 aluminum conductor alloy reinforced(ACAR) is applied in the second 750 kV Transmission Line of Xinjiang.By comparing the ACAR with the ordinary conductor,the paper proves that the ACAR conductor can substantially reduce the annual cost of the transmission line in the life cycle with remarkable economical benefits.


PURPOSE: To provide a device and a method for casting a single silicon wafer. CONSTITUTION: A quartz drum 11 having an opening with slit injects the measured quantity of granular or powdery silicon into a melting pot 12. Next, a heater 13 fuses solid silicon and provides fused silicon into the melting pot. While utilizing controlled gas pressure, the fused silicon is injected from the melting pot onto a wafer chuck 40 and the single silicon wafer is cast. The cast wafer having a single crystal silicon seed 44 arranged at its center is stopped at the top of projected section of chuck 40 or held at a prescribed position by vacuum at the center and the periphery. The downside remaining section of wafer is physically separated from the surface of chuck 40 by pressurized gas. Next, a loop-shaped laser beam is used for fusing silicon outward from the seed and a wafer is grown into single crystal form.


This report synthesizes population information for bighorn sheep herds in the Sierra Nevada developed over the past year, beginning in July 2004. This is a synthesis of data collected as part of the Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep Recovery Program lead by the California Department of Fish and Game and additional monitoring in the Mono Basin funded by the Yosemite Fund through Yosemite National Park. We were greatly assisted in the collection of data by Ali Feinberg, Greg Foote, Dave German, Dennis Jensen, Heather Johnson, and Cody Schroeder. Erica Shockley and Ali Feinberg worked in the Mono Basin during the summer of 2004, but also participated in some surveys further south. This report will review prior information where needed to interpret data developed during this time period.


The global economy has been gradually developing and aiming to promote the economic growth and to propel the industrial production. This article analyzes the competence of knowledge accumulation in Taiwan's enterprises by expert interviews, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and fuzzy set theory. This article shows that the competence of knowledge accumulation can be divided into three major influential variables: knowledge integration ability (KIA), knowledge absorption ability (KAA), and knowledge sharing ability (KSA). The findings indicate that KIA in firm-level knowledge accumulation performs the highest degree of influence among the three influential variables. Based on the literature and expert interviews, three sub-variables of "systematic ability", "mutual coordination ability", and "conventionalization ability" are extracted from the KIA variable. The results of fuzzy analysis indicate that "systematic ability" has a significant impact on knowledge accumulation. Furthermore, knowledge creation, access, and accumulative capacity assist in an enterprise's innovation, development strategy, and competitive advantage to integrate, absorb and share knowledge.


The paper presents investigation results of structure and properties of the multilayer and gradient TiN+(Ti,Al,Si)N+TiN nanocrystalline coatings deposited with the PVD method (CAE -Cathodic Arc Evaporation process) and in the combination of Al2O3 and TiN coatings in the CVD process on the substrate of cemented carbides, cermets, Al2O3+ZrO2, Al2O3+TiC, Al2O3+SiC(w) oxide ceramics and Si3N4 nitride ceramics. The structural investigation includes the metallographic analysis on the transmission and scanning electron microscope, confocal microscope. Examinations of the chemical compositions of the deposited coatings were carried out using the X-ray energy dispersive spectrograph EDS, glow-discharge optical emission spectroscope GDOS, and using the X-ray diffractometer. The investigation includes also analysis of the mechanical and functional properties of the material: substrate hardness tests and microhardness tests of the deposited coatings, surface roughness tests, evaluation of the adhesion of the deposited coatings, cutting properties of the investigated materials. Cutting tests were carried out on the multipoint inserts made from the materials based on cemented carbides, cermets, Al2O3 and Si3N4 ceramics, uncoated and coated with gradient, multicomponent and multilayer hard wear resistant coatings with PVD and CVD processes.


Jinyang is a place with a long history,rich contents and typical features in Buddhist culture.This article analyses the basic connotation and characteristics of Buddhism in this region,and comes to conclusion that the high lights of Jinyang Buddhism lie on : one Bodhisattva(Manjusri),two schools(Pure Land Buddhism and Avatamsaka School),three temples(Double Tower Temple,Chongshan Temple and Baiyun Temple),four mountains(Tianlong,Taishan,Mengshan and Juewei).Moreover,the article studies the basic principles of exploitation and the standards for evaluating Jinyang Buddhist Resources.


The practical benefits of deep convolutional networks are increasingly proven by successful implementations of deep learning models in various image processing applications. A model is proposed to evaluate the realize the benefits of deep convolutional neural networks to grade computer aided student drawings. Such model would assist in full automating the educators task or serving as a decision support system. Given the shared fundamental skills at least for fundamental drawing skills, the model has the potential to be used as Cloud service to be utilized by various distributed users. This would only serve to support and improve the model's performance given the additional training it could provide. A cloud software as a service (SaaS) architecture is introduced. The neural network model for the image recognition problem is introduced and evaluated. Experimental results using student drawings prove the model's capability to automatically generate accurate grades for the computer aided designs.


The effectiveness of deposit insurance in eliminating panic runs varies with the size of coverage and the degree of supervisory involvement of the agency in charge of insurance. When the agency is not involved in the supervision of banks, partial insurance preserves the monitoring role of depositors and reduces the region for which runs occur, but it is unable of completely eliminating them. When the agency has a high degree of supervisory involvement, even with partial insurance panic runs disappear as the regulator's signal becomes more precise. However, the smaller the protection offered to depositors, the higher is forbearance. Deposit insurance induces moral hazard by increasing the equilibrium value of the demand deposit contract in the interim period, though this effect seems to be smaller under a broad mandate. Therefore, a scheme where the insurance agency has more supervisory involvement should be preferred.


In the article the results of studies of species of the genus Astragalus L. in the Zabaykalsky Krai in terms of collector's nursery. The characteristic of the species and specimens of Astragalus in winter hardiness, yield of green mass, foliage plants, nutrition of the forage, seed yields and sowing qualities of seeds.


Sylvia is a senior citizen who lives in Orange County, California. She is deeply interested in politics and votes in every election after studying the candidates and propositions on the ballot. Moreover, she continues her activity between elections. On Monday, Wednesday and Friday she rises at 6AM to call the White House to leave her comments for the president on the issues of the day. On Tuesday and Thursday she either calls her senators from California or the leadership of the House or Senate. Alix lives in northern California. She switched shampoos over animal testing, and will not buy clothes produced by child labor. She yells at people who do not recycle. During her last year in high school she helped organize a protest over the genocide in the Sudan that raised $13,000 for Darfur relief. All this was before she was even eligible to vote. These two individuals show some of the diverse ways in which Americans are politically active. Participation means more than just voting. As previous chapters have argued, a participatory public has been a defining feature of American politics and historically a strength of the political system. Social scientists maintain that political participation "is at the heart of democratic theory and at the heart of the democratic political formula in the United States". Without public involvement in the process, democracy lacks both its legitimacy and its guiding force. In the 1960s and 1970s Americans were actively engaged in voluntary associations, interested in politics, and involved in political discussion. Turnout in presidential elections reached a modern highpoint in the 1960s. Despite this heritage, many contemporary political analysts believe that the foundations of citizenship and democracy in America are crumbling. Numerous pundits and political analysts proclaim that too few of us are voting, we are disconnected from our fellow citizens, we lack social capital, and we are losing faith in our government. Moreover, as seen in the previous chapters of this book, many analysts view the young as a primary source of this decline. Authors from Tom Brokaw to Robert Putnam extol the civic values and engagement of the older, 'greatest generation' with great hyperbole. At the same time, the young are described as the 'doofus generation' or the 'invisible generation," even by sympathetic political observers. These analysts see young Americans as dropping out of politics, producing the erosion of political activity. Is the situation really so dire? We agree that the American public has undergone profound changes in the past half-century, and this has changed participation patterns and citizens' relationship with government. However, this essay argues that prior studies misdiagnosed the situation by focusing on only a portion of political activity, and by mistaking the sources of these changes. Many non-electoral forms of political participation have been increasing, especially among the young. Cliff Zukin and his colleagues recently surveyed political action among the young, and they rejected the general claim of youth disengagement: "First and foremost, simple claims that today's youth . . . are apathetic and disengaged from civic live are simply wrong." This description is starkly different from the decline in political participation literature. Many political causes motivate today's youth, such as helping the less fortunate in America, addressing poverty in Africa (and America), improving the global (and American) environment, as well as addressing their own political and economic needs. Consequently, Americans are changing their style of political action rather than dropping out from politics entirely--and these trends are most apparent


............................................................................................................................. 6 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 7 Review of Knowledge for Action .................................................................................... 10 Residency Context ......................................................................................................... 10 Research Questions ........................................................................................................ 13 Innovation and Product Development ........................................................................... 14 Innovation, Product Development and Culture ............................................................. 18 Organizing to Learn vs. Organizing to Execute ............................................................. 19 Creating Value for All Users ......................................................................................... 20 Implications .................................................................................................................... 22 Theory of Action .............................................................................................................. 23 Description of work ......................................................................................................... 25 Entry ............................................................................................................................... 25 Strategic Project Launch .............................................................................................. 31 Strategic Project Build Phase I Alpha ....................................................................... 35 Strategic Project Build Phase II Beta ........................................................................ 40 Strategic Project Results .............................................................................................. 42 Strategic Project Analysis Lean Product Development ............................................ 46 Strategic Project Analysis Organizing to Execute/Learn or Work Groups ............... 53 Implications for Self ........................................................................................................ 57 Identifying and Holding Tensions ................................................................................. 57 Goodwill ........................................................................................................................ 58 Intensity .......................................................................................................................... 59 Authenticity .................................................................................................................... 60 Implications for Site ........................................................................................................ 61 Create the Space for Creativity ...................................................................................... 62 Clearly Define Parameters ............................................................................................. 63 Time, Resources and Scope ........................................................................................... 64 Use Cross-Functional Teams ......................................................................................... 65


This paper presents results from two experiments which compared gestural and keyboard interfaces to a spreadsheet program. This is the first quantitative comparison of these two types of interfaces known to the author. The gestural interface employed gestures (hand-drawn marks such as carets or brackets) for commands, and handwriting as input techniques. In one configuration, the input/output hardware consisted of a transparent digitizing tablet mounted on top of an LCD which allowed the user to interact with the program by writing on the tablet with a stylus. The experiments found that participants were faster with the gestural interface. Specifically, subjects performed the operations in about 72% of the time taken with the keyboard. In addition, there was a preference for the gestural interface over the keyboard interface. These findings are explained in terms of the fewer number of movements required to carry out an operation with the gestural interface, the greater ease of remembering gestural commands, and the benefits of performing operations directly on objects of interest.


Abstract 1. Some organisms respond adaptively to seasonal time constraints by altering development time to life‐history transitions (e.g. metamorphosis, oviposition). Such life‐history changes may have costs (e.g. reduced fecundity, mass, offspring quality).


How the children with handicap perceive themselves and their self esteem levels are important yet not much focussed aspect in disability research. If we have a correct evaluation of their motivational level and self esteem it may help us to modify their training interventions and also would make them feel more satisfied and confident. So we planned to study achievement motivation and self esteem levels of handicapped children. The Objective of the study is that to to compare achievement motivation of physically handicapped to that of non-handicapped school children, and to compare self esteem of physically handicapped to that of non-handicapped school children. Methodology 40 physically handicapped school students and 40 age, gender and education matched non handicapped students were included in the study. Handicapped children of other categories like sensory disability, visual impairment, hearing impairment and speech impairment were excluded. Achievement motivation questionnaire was used to measure the motivational behaviour and Rosenberg self-esteem scale was applied by asking the respondents to reflect on their current feelings. Results and Conclusions Achievement motivation and self esteem were observed to be significantly lower in physically handicapped students compared to healthy controls. Significant gender difference in favour of females was observed i.e., self esteem and achievement motivation was significantly higher in females of both the groups compared to males. The study emphasizes need for interventions to improve self esteem and motivation levels


The "time sequence corresponding" between seismic precursor information and strong earthquakes activity or "symmetry and stuffing" phenomenon of field and sourse associating for earthquake frequency in the world from Jan.2001 to Aug.2007 were disscussed by "the whole view" eyeshot.The result shows,the expectant aim can't be come true using the preterit methods.The reason may be the category of preterit "whole view" is smaller than the world,it belong to the territorial concept.


___________________________________________________________ 3 Theoretical background ________________________________________________ 4 The validity of the job interview ________________________________________ 5 Factors influencing the validity of job interviews ___________________________ 7 Study summary ___________________________________________________ 20 Method ____________________________________________________________ 21 Participants_______________________________________________________ 21 Design and procedure ______________________________________________ 21 Stimulus materials _________________________________________________ 22 Measures ________________________________________________________ 25 Manipulation checks________________________________________________ 28 Results ____________________________________________________________ 30 Descriptive statistics ________________________________________________ 30 Hypothesis testing _________________________________________________ 31 Discussion _________________________________________________________ 38 Limitations and suggestions for further research __________________________ 42 Practical implications _______________________________________________ 43 Conclusion _________________________________________________________ 44 References_________________________________________________________ 45 Appendices ________________________________________________________ 54 Appendix A Scripts _______________________________________________ 54 Appendix B Job profile and resume __________________________________ 61


The development of a filter processor is implemented by applying the convolution operation. The system implementation is built by applying hardware for obtaining the convolution operation. The design of the system is based on a time-sharing operation, when the processing operation takes place at the same time on different A/D converters, for getting fast operation. The flow of pixels is controlled by a set of two memory FIFOs connected in series for getting three rows of the image prepared for processing. The design and implementation of this system give a good, accurate result of the processed image.<<ETX>>


This paper is an exposition of Feferman's Theorem concerning the interpretability of inconsistency and of further insights directly connected to this result. Feferman's Theorem is a strengthening of the Second Incompleteness Theorem. It says, in metaphorical paraphrase, that it is not just the case that a theory fails to prove its own consistency, but that a theory actively holds its own inconsistency for possible. We first give a careful presentation of the result. Then, we provide two versions of the result that are both modal and infinitary. We explain how Feferman's Theorem is connected with two notions of completion of a theory. We provide an example of an application of the theorem. Finally, we discuss the failure of the result in a constructive setting.


LED have become the main light sources of the future as they open the path for intelligent use of light in time, intensity and color. In many usages, strong energy economy is done by adjusting these properties. The smart lighting has three dimensions, energy efficiency brought by GaN blue emitting LEDs, integration of electronics, sensors, microprocessors in the lighting system and development of new functionalities and services provided by the light. Monolithic LED arrays allow two major innovations, the spatial control of light emission and the adjustment of the electrical properties of the source.


Banana and lentil flour blends were processed in a single screw extruder modifying the flour properties of the blend (20.5-79.5%), at selected range of die t...


This study aims to examine empirically the effect of Intellectual Capital, and Corporate Social Responsibility of Corporate Performance. The data used for this study was secondary include annual reports, financial statements, summary of the corporate performance, and sustainability reports of the corporate are downloaded from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that www.idx.co.id and the official corporates website. This research uses purposive sampling method with sample number are 13 corporate non-financial listed in IDX year 2013-2015. Data analysis techniques used in this study is the technique of multiple regression analysis. The results of this study showed that the Intellectual Capital as measured by the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC TM ), and Corporate Social Responsibility as measured by Corporate Social Disclosure Index (CSDI) simultaneously affect to the corporate performance as measured by Return on Equity (ROE), the Intellectual Capital (IC) have effect on corporate performance (ROE), and Corporate Social Responsibility have no effect on corporate performance (ROE).


A single layer multi-polarization transmitarray is presented in this paper, whose structure can be much simpler than the traditional multi-layer frequency selective surface transmitarray. The proposed transmitarray consists of numerous split ring elements and has three working conditions. It is designed, simulated and measured in C-band. The measurement result shows that the transmitarray can switch polarization of the incident wave and set separation beam direction at the same time


The secondary arc, as a common phenomenon in a high voltage power transmission system, is an essence of an electric arc. It not only damages the electrical power equipment but also threatens the safety of the power system. A series of experiments on the secondary arc have been conducted in this work. The volt-ampere curves are measured, the motion trajectories are captured, and the centroid of the secondary arc body is calculated by means of image processing. The experimental results indicate that the secondary arc length can reach several meters, and its volt-ampere curve is completely different from that of short-gap arcs and others operated in some special dielectrics such as vacuum. The evolution of the secondary arc can be generally divided into two stages. In the early stage, the arc column performs a vertical motion and has an upward trend due to thermal buoyancy. Basically, the volt-ampere curve has a shape of a regular hysteresis loop. The impacts of the frequent short-circuit behavior of the arc column on the volt-ampere curve and arcing time are investigated. At the later stage, the secondary arc temperature drops and the zero-off behavior becomes obvious. The volt-ampere curve is inevitably affected. The zero-off duration is obtained, and the key factors are discussed. The dynamics of charged particles in the zero-off interval are analyzed. Furthermore, under the effect of strong wind, it has been found that the secondary arc current is occasionally forced to zero and preceded by the voltage. The mechanism for such a phenomenon is first elucidated from the perspective of energy balance. The results lay a theoretical basis for secondary arc physics.The secondary arc, as a common phenomenon in a high voltage power transmission system, is an essence of an electric arc. It not only damages the electrical power equipment but also threatens the safety of the power system. A series of experiments on the secondary arc have been conducted in this work. The volt-ampere curves are measured, the motion trajectories are captured, and the centroid of the secondary arc body is calculated by means of image processing. The experimental results indicate that the secondary arc length can reach several meters, and its volt-ampere curve is completely different from that of short-gap arcs and others operated in some special dielectrics such as vacuum. The evolution of the secondary arc can be generally divided into two stages. In the early stage, the arc column performs a vertical motion and has an upward trend due to thermal buoyancy. Basically, the volt-ampere curve has a shape of a regular hysteresis loop. The impacts of the frequent short-circuit behavior of the arc...


gration, multiculturalism and indigenous issues continue to be accorded a prominent position in the media. Hollinsworth provides a valuable publication which crosses a number of disciplines and is a text which is essential reading for students in Australian Studies, Sociology, History, Aboriginal Studies and Cultural Studies. In particular, Race and Racism in Australia is an excellent resource for students


The promotion of sex/gender equity education in Taiwan was initiated by a women's movement group, the Awakening Foundation in the late 1980s. In 1997, it became a policy in education. The passage of the Gender Equity Education Act in 2004 was a major milestone. At present, although gender equity education has been essentially institutionalized, the challenges and obstacles are still many and, therefore, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) must continue their work. This article introduces two central government committees and four NGOs closely related to the issue, to provide an overview and assessment of their functions and roles, as well as the relationships between them.


In this study, a thermoelastic stress index of (100) oriented single crystalline silicon wafer and a relationship between thermal stress and critical plastic deformation temperatures were simulated. The simulated results for the thermoelastic stress index indicated a maximum value on direction and a minimum on . Then, it could be predicted that silicon wafer is plastically deformable over 1000 K, based on the relationship between the thermal stress derived from the thermoelastic stress index and the critical plastic deformation temperature.


This study investigated the impact of foreign remittance inflows on financial development in Nigeria. The  research  is motivated by the assumption that remittance inflows are deemed  to create  avenues for most unbanked households to avail themselves of some of the products offered by financial service providers and by extension influence the level of financial development in Nigeria.The study made use of Secondary data covering the period 1981 to 2015.  A least square regression analysis was carried out on a time series data, and to avert the emergence of spurious results, unit root tests were conducted. Other econometric advances of co- integration, Vector Auto Regression technique as well as granger causality tests were deployed to ascertain the order of co integration and the level of relationships existing between the dependent and independent variables. The paper established that foreign remittance inflows are significant contributors to broad money supply, credit to the private sector and financial savings at both the short and long runs. Foreign remittance inflows also have a significant positive relationship with exchange rate in the short run but this fizzled out in the long run .On the other hand , it had  a negative relationship with interest rates at both the short and long runs. These results are in tandem with our apriori expectations. To make remittance inflows more effective in Nigeria, the study recommends that savings should be made more attractive. This will unarguably raise the proportion of banked remittances .One way of doing this is to arrange a particular interest rate for remittance receivers, by promising them relatively higher returns if they will convert their hard currency to domestic currency and deposit a large proportion of it in banks. Remittance receivers who have not opened accounts can be convinced to open and operate one. Another way of improving financial development through remittance inflows is to allow for more financial transfer agents as is done in the western world. The existing number of  agents appear oligopolistic  as they help  to make  the cost of transfer relatively costly for the remitter while they reap the benefits associated with such transfers. There is also the need to reduce the gap between the official and unofficial exchange rates, to allow banks retain more of the  remittance inflows. Lastly, some deposit incentives and promotions can be embarked upon by deposit money banks. Such incentives can be enforced by the Central Bank of Nigeria Keywords: Foreign Remittance inflow, Broad money, Credit to the private sector, Exchange rate, Interest rate


poinit of thle left shoulder, in tlle region supplied by tlle fourttlh cervical nlerve. For tlle last two miiontlhs the temperature was constantly raised, generally reaching 1030 at 6 p.m. The pu's r was little affected as regards frequelncy until cardiac weakness app)eared in tlle last few wecks. Faecal examitcttions slhGwed an unusual iinumlber of microbic elileimts and an unusual type of coliformii bacillus,


As an upgraded cooling stave for Blast Furnace,the steel cooling stave has essentially performance improvements compared with the iron cooling stave.This article explains the key points of each process in steel cooling stave's foundry and gives multiple solutions to the foundry difficulties such as brick trench's moulding,cooling pipes' meltdown-proof measures,and pouring process control.These solutions are proved to be feasibility through the successful manufacture.The quality and performance of steel cooling staves are excellent,product qualification rate is over 98%.


An unusual case of delayed presentation of bladder injury is reported. During laparoscopic surgery in a 32-year-old woman the bladder was inadvertently perforated. The injury was not recognized intra-operatively. The patient was re-admitted 72 h postoperatively with lower abdominal pain, no evidence of haematuria, and blood biochemistry results similar to those of someone in acute renal failure. The diagnosis was confirmed with a retrograde cystogram and the case was successfully treated by continuous drainage with a Foley catheter.


The Mid-Victorian Voter The attractions of voting studies for political scientists are well known, the reasons obvious. In most countries, the basic data are supplied in great profusion by government agencies; survey techniques in this area are sophisticated; above all, the problems readily lend themselves to quantification. In sum, the voting study brings the social scientist closer to the natural scientist than practically any other study, with all the advantages that that implies. The historian's contribution to voting studies is also well known. By their very nature such studies draw on historical data; for example, the longer the run of elections, the more material there is for testing hypotheses worked out initially on contemporary information. The use of historical data is, however, by no means exhausted, and in this article I hope to demonstrate that the advent of computer facilities has opened a rich vein which could well add new dimensions to the study of voting behavior. From the point of view of the political scientist qua political scientist, one of the major hindrances to voting studies is the fact that the ballot is now secret. To get information on individual voting behavior, historians today must use surveys, and these can, of course, be used only in the case of elections that have taken place in the recent past. Both the political scientist and the historian can, however, overcome this common obstacle if-so far as England is concerned-they study voting behavior before the passage of The Secret Ballot Act of 1872. Up to that time all voting in Parliamentary elections took place in public, and, since it was common for printers to publish lists of the actual votes recorded, access to the lists is relatively easy. The printed information commonly includes the name of the voter, his address, and the name or names of the candidates for whom he voted. Other kinds of nominative


Efficient charge separation and transfer is always an important prerequisite for efficient photocatalysis. Herein, g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 Z‐scheme heterojunctions are successfully constructed by a two‐step calcination method, in which Cu nanoparticles are embedded as an electronic conductor between g‐C3N4 and MoS2. g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 composites reveal excellent photocatalytic activity. The rate of hydrogen production reaches to 970.5 µmol g−1 h−1, which is 22 and 2.63 times of that of g‐C3N4 and g‐C3N4/MoS2, respectively. Meanwhile, due to the significant enhancement of the conductivity of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 and the efficient charge transfer, its electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity is also far superior. In addition, the electrocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 under light irradiation is significantly improved compared with that under dark condition. This is ascribed to the decrease of charge transfer resistance in the Z‐scheme system during light irradiation. The photochemical and electrochemical properties of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 composites are compared with those of g‐C3N4/MoS2, which illustrate that the construction of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 Z‐scheme heterojunction is an important factor to increase the charge transfer rate. The result provides a new idea for the realization of efficient charge transfer and the synergistic catalytic of photo and electro for water decomposition.


Water has always been a contentious issue in the West, and when it comes to livestock grazing, it is well understood that "he who control[s] the water control[s] the range." Livestock owners depend on the water found on the public land where their livestock graze. Naturally, they want to protect these water sources from government interference. The Livestock Watering Rights Act of 2008 ("the Act") was intended to grant greater protection from federal agencies on public grazing land and ensure the future of ranching in Utah. However, after the Act's passage, it became apparent that it impacted the federal agencies that Utah livestock owners depend upon for cooperation, and cooperation between land management agencies and livestock owners is often necessary for successful management of these grazing allotments on federal land. HB 256 is legislation that amends the Act and was aimed to resolve the dispute it caused. 3 In the proceedings involving HB 256's passage, Senator Stowell stated "Last year we did some legislation that had some flaws in it. This bill fixes it." This article addresses the problems Senator Stowell referred to in the Act and whether the new legislation, HB 256 actually resolves those problems. The Act granted rights to livestock owners that defied water appropriation law in the West. It also appeared to use a misreading of case law of the West to create laws without precedent. Some of the questions the Act left in its wake included: Who is actually the beneficial user of the water under the Act? Does a grazing permit entitle its holders to property rights to federal land? Can the Federal Government legally be excluded from the water appropriation process? Does the Act do what its supporters hoped it would do? It was clear that if the Act remained unchanged, it would have created much worse legal problems with Utah livestock watering rights than anyone anticipated. But whether HB 256 will help to resolve the problems that the Act created is still unknown.