In scanning microscopy by total internal reflection with thermal lens spectroscopy, its spatial resolution depends on the distance between the sample and a converging lens, which corresponds to the objective lens in an ordinary optical microscope. It was found that the resolution was best when the signal induced by the thermal lens effect was maximum. The distance was precisely adjusted by monitoring the signal intensity, and the resolution became twice better than that previously reported. Using a shorter focal-length lens, a resolution of 1.9 µm was attained.


The topic of photosynthesis is rarely greeted with enthusiasm by students. This complex process requires a mature understanding of many


Natural zeolite is modified by NaCl solution and the effects of NaCl concentration on modification is studied.In addition,the adsorption characteristics of the natural and NaCl modified zeolite on NH+ 4 in solution are compared through isothermal adsorption experiment and adsorption kinetics experiment.The results show that w hen the NaCl concentration is 6%,the obtained zeolite presents better ammonia adsorption property.Equilibrium adsorption of the NaCl modified zeolite for NH+ 4 are found to fit the Langmuir adsorption isotherm better than Freundlich adsorption isotherm.The process of ammonium adsorption of the NaCl modified zeolite accords w ith second order kinetics.


Seeking and finding is a theological concept which from the time of the exile is found in texts stamped by prophetic influence. It expresses impressively God's saving movement towards his scattered people and the return of the people to its God. Qohelet knew this theological heritage and reflected on it critically in the light of his own presuppositions. Thus he speaks of a seeking that is imposed on man, which is not rewarded by any finding. God makes the finding impossible, doubtless because he himself has (in vain?) become a seeker (cf. Qoh 3,10-15). On the other hand where Qohelet knows of a finding, what is found is a doubtful and depressing gift (cf. 7,23-29). The futility of seeking is reflected in what is found. That Qohelet can finally speak of finding already hints at its particular characteristic. It is finding as rejection of seeking and as affirmation of confidence in a world that is God's unfathomable work. It is a hope of finding that does not indeed bring knowledge but some good as a share to be shared (cf. 11,1-6).


Notes on a conversation between UK Embassy Charge d'affaires and Colonel Knox on establishment of US bases on British territory. Includes discussion of construction before leases agreed and use of local labour.


The concept of experience, in Kant as well as in Hegel, as well as the process of tansformation it undergoes in passing from one philosopher to the other, offers a great complexity. Here, we will take up in only one aspect, though not in the least marginal I believe; that is, experience as constituent, as an element or process constituent of the subject (taken in its most generic aspect), so that experience itself conforms the set of possibilility conditions for the opening up to the world and the realization of new experiences, and even more, the set which determines this opening and the experience. With it, in that transformation, not only the transformation of the modern concept of experience is produced, but also the field in which the concept of experience in contemporary philosophy is to be discussed is as well indicated, even though, in this case, it might be translated into other terms, such as self, subjectivity, existence, personal identity, narrative identity, etc. Key mrdr. ''Experience", "Kant", "Hegel", "Contemporary Philosophy".


Abstracts are essential components of academic research articles, providing a concise summary of the study's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. This qualitative evidence synthesis examines the quality, structure, and content of abstracts in the fields of English Language Teaching (ELT) and Literature. A systematic search of relevant databases identified 15 peer-reviewed articles published in English with a focus on abstract writing. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the studies for their research findings, methodologies, and recommendations related to abstract writing. The findings reveal that abstracts tend to be descriptive, with a focus on presenting the research problem, methodology, and main findings. However, there is a lack of consistency in structure and content across journals, and the quality of abstracts varies widely. Based on the analysis, several key recommendations for improving abstract writing in ELT and Literature journals are proposed, including greater consistency and standardization across journals, and improved training for authors and reviewers. This qualitative evidence synthesis offers a thorough overview of the body of knowledge on the subject of writing effective abstracts for ELT and literature journals and makes suggestions for further study and practice in this field. The study highlights the need for greater attention to abstract writing quality, structure, and content, and provides practical recommendations for improving the quality of abstracts in ELT and Literature research articles using thematic analysis as a data analysis technique.


A Pc5 wave is observed by the Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace Arase satellite in the inner magnetosphere (L ~5.4–6.1) near postmidnight (L‐magnetic local time ~1.8–2.5 hr) during the storm recovery phase on 27 March 2017. Its azimuthal wave number (m‐number) is estimated using two independent methods with satellites and ground observations to be −8 to −15. The direct measurement of the m‐number enables us to calculate the resonance energy. The flux oscillations of H+ and O+ ions at ≥ 56.3 keV are caused by drift resonance and those of O+ ions at ≤ 18.6 keV by bounce resonance. Resonances of O+ ions at multiple energies are simultaneously observed for the first time. The enhancement of the O+/H+ flux ratio at ≤ 18.6 keV indicates selective acceleration of O+ ions through bounce resonance.


The present invention relates to a 5-cyano-3 (4-chlorobutyl) - indole synthesis, is 5-amino - formyl - indole, 4-chlorobutyryl chloride to the 3-position and acylation catalyst dehydrated under the action of an amide bond producing the 5-position a cyano, then the decarbonylation reaction product under the action of a reducing agent, and finally purified with methanol to obtain high purity and high content of 5-cyano-3 (4-chlorobutyl) - indole. The method is simple process, simple operation, suitable for industrial production.


Discussion on the notion of solipsism as an extreme of rationalism by reducing Cartesian dualism to the monism of res cogitans interpreted through a relation of Fichte?s Absolute Ego and Ego


ABSTRACT The contribution of heat transfer mechanisms for different configurations of opposed flow flame spread on cast PMMA is presented. Three opposed flow flame spread scenarios are considered, each in a quiescent atmosphere: downward spread on a vertical surface, buoyant horizontal spread (i.e. a pool fire-type spread), and lateral spread along a vertical surface. Video analysis and temperature measurements were used to determine flame spread rates; average flame spread rates were found to be 2.67, 2.54, and 3.54 mm/min for downward, horizontal, and lateral spread, respectively. These differences result from the varying magnitudes of the heat transfer mechanisms (e.g. gas-phase heat transfer and conduction through the solid) due to the changes in the flame characteristics. Past studies have investigated these regimes of flame spread, but have not directly compared experiments from the configurations used here to identify the relative importance of each heat transfer mechanism. Using temperature measurements, the thermal gradient, and hence conductive heat fluxes through the solid, were quantified. This allowed the different rates of heat transfer to be compared across each configuration. Downward and horizontal flame spread displayed similar flame spread rates and similar heat transfer contributions for both the gas phase and solid phase. However, lateral flame spread displayed characteristically higher rates of gas-phase heat transfer compared to downward and horizontal.


The changing landscape of the biopharmaceutical market is driving a paradigm shift toward continuous manufacturing. To date, integrated continuous bioprocessing has not been realized as enabling technologies are nascent. In this work, a fully integrated continuous process is successfully demonstrated from pilot scale bioreactor to drug substance. Comparable product quality is observed between the continuous process and a 500 L fed‐batch conventional process. The continuous process generated material at a rate of 1 kg of purified mAb every 4 days, achieving a 4.6‐fold increase in productivity compared to the fed‐batch process A plant throughput analysis using BioSolve software shows that a fed‐batch facility with 4 × 12 500 L stainless steel bioreactors and purification train of the corresponding scale can be replaced by a continuous facility consisting of 5 × 2000 L single use bioreactors and smaller purification train, with a cost reduction of 15%.


Musical source separation from stereo signals has been growing in popularity recently. Algorithms (including the author's) and the results of a recent stereo audio source separation evaluation campaign (SASSEC) will be presented. In general, such approaches involve extracting mixing parameters from time‐frequency (T‐F) analyses of both channels. Each corresponding T‐F point of the two channels is compared and interchannel intensity differences (IID) and (in the case of stereo mixing), interchannel phase differences (IPD) are computed. A histogram of signal power in the IID and IPD space is constructed, with sources showing strong peaks at the locations of their mixing parameters. Masks are then created for each potential source, corresponding to T‐F points that share common mixing parameters. These masks are applied to the T‐F analysis and resynthesized as probable sources. The underlying assumption of such systems is that of W‐disjoint orthogonality, that is, T‐F points of the sources do not overlap. In ...


Part 1: Black Studies, the Teaching of History and Research 1. Teaching Black History with a Focus on Decision Making 2. Inquiry: A History Teaching Tool (with Ermon O. Hogan) 3. Varieties of History: Negro, Black, White 4. Remembering Brown: Silence, Loss, Rage, and Hope 5. Black Youth in Predominantly White Suburbs Part 2: Teaching Ethnic Studies 6. Teaching for Ethnic Literacy: A Comparative Approach 7. Ethnic Studies as a Process of Curriculum Reform Part 3: Teaching Social Studies for Decision-Making and Citizen Action 8. Decision-Making: The Heart of the Social Studies 9. The Social Studies, Ethnic Diversity, and Social Change Part 4: Multiethnic Education and School Reform 10. Imperatives in Ethnic Minority Education 11. Pluralism, Ideology, and Curriculum Reform Part 5: Multicultural Education and Knowledge Construction 12. Multicultural Education: Dimensions and Challenges 13. Approaches to Multicultural Curriculum Reform 14. The Canon Debate, Knowledge Construction, and Multicultural Education Part 6: The Global Dimensions of Multicultural Education 15. Multiethnic Education Across Cultures: United States, Mexico, Puerto Rico, France, and Great Britain 16. Multicultural Education and Its Critics: Britain and the United States Part 7: Democracy, Diversity and Citizenship Education 17. Multicultural Citizenship Education 18. Democracy, Diversity, and Social Justice: Educating Citizens in a Global Age


C orporations are named as defendants in nearly every federal securities fraud case under 1934 Securities Exchange Act (''1934 Act'') Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5. The most frequently litigated issue in Section 10(b) cases, especially at the pleading stage, is scienter, i.e., whether the plaintiff has pleaded facts raising a ''strong inference'' that the defendant—often, a corporate defendant—has acted with the required ''intent to deceive, manipulate, or defraud.'' Yet, despite the importance of this question, the federal securities laws are mostly silent on how to ascertain the intent of a corporation or other business entity, and the courts, until relatively recently, have been hesitant to offer an explicit rationale for their treatment of corporate scienter. Even today, courts continue to describe this as an open issue even in Circuits where it has been settled in practice for some time—a reticence that deprives litigants and District Courts of needed guidance. Despite the lack of consensus on how to describe the rule or even on which courts have adopted it, however, a review of Section 10(b) cases reveals that, in practice, the courts have adopted a de facto rule grounded in traditional principles of agency law as set forth in the Restatement of Agency: a corporation can violate Section 10(b) only when at least one of its employees or authorized agents knowingly or recklessly violates Section 10(b) in the scope of his or her employment. The Restatement rule derives from the fact that the Section 10(b) private cause of action is an intentional tort, and an intentional tort can be committed only when the person committing the tort has the required intent. There is no basis in the statute or the case law for a rule of ''collective scienter'' under which one corporate agent's conduct can be mixedand-matched with another corporate agent's state of mind to fabricate a corporate violation that was committed by no natural person. Such an approach has rightly been rejected, either expressly or by implication, by nearly every federal Circuit to confront the issue. The Restatement rule is consistent with the federal courts' treatment of corporate litigants in this and other areas of law, and with background principles of agency law against which Congress is presumed to legislate. Only a minority of courts have adopted different rules for corporate knowledge under federal law, and have done so in different statutory contexts based on considDan McLaughlin is counsel in the securities litigation practice of Sidley Austin LLP in the firm's New York office. His e-mail address is firstname.lastname@example.com. Mark Taticchi is an associate in Sidley Austin LLP's New York office. His e-mail address is mtaticchi@ sidley.com.


Molecular switches that can undergo reversible switching between two or more different states in response to chemical, electrochemical or photochemical stimuli, have attracted much attention in recent decades due to their promising applications in chemical sensing, photocontrollable biological process and molecular machines [1,2]. Most prevalent switches, including interlocked molecules, azobenzene, spiropyrans, diarylethenes and fulgides, have been widely investigated and employed for the construction of stimuli responsive systems and materials [2-4].


A simple method of high level dosimetry for Co/sup 60/ gamma rays was studied with the use of ferrous salts (ferrous ammonium sulfate or ferrous sulfate) in sulfuric acid solution, without degassing or nitrogen substitution. The relationship between irradiation dose and the concentration of ferric ion produced was examined in the presence of various concentrations of solutes. The linear relationship obtained in the oxygen-exhausted region can be extended to higher dose by using higher concentrations of ferrous salt and sulfuric acid. In a system of 0.5M ferrous ammonium sulfate in 5N sulfuric acid, the linearity holds up to 1.2 x 10/sup 7/ r. The oxidation yield of ferrous ion, however, decreases with increasing solute concentration. It has been shown that the decrease of G(Fe/sup 3+/) is due to both ammonium and molecular sulfuric acid. For high level dosimetry, it is desirable to use a lower concentration of sulfuric acid ( approximates 0.8N) and a higher concentration of ferrous sulfate ( approximates 0.5M) instead of ferrous ammonium sulfate. In the system of ferrous sulfate in 0.8N suifuric acid, G(Fe/sup +3/) is almost independent of ferrous suifate concentration up to 0.5M. In the case of 0.6M ferrous sulfate in 0.8N sulfuric acidmore » soiution, the linearity between irradiation dose and the concentration of ferric ion produced holds up to 6 x 10/sup 6/ r, and G(Fe/sup 3+/ ) is tion of dose rate of megacurie Co/sup 60/ source as well. (JAIF)« less


Changes in system of healthy protection presently giving observe force introduction change concerning manner conduct and organization of nursing practice. Model desirable and so to say, model is more dynamic presenting necessity modern time, liquid and elastic, which is concentrated in big measure on patient and requirements and expectations, for real requirements of situations adjusting and circumstances. Competences should feature nursing in this model and efficiency of operation and creative co-existence of theory and practices. Presentation of meaning of basic knowledge is purpose of the present elaboration about modern scientific methods applicable in widely comprehended healthy protection, on all its rungs and meanings of abilities of estimates of credibility and usefulness of medical information. Nursing Topics 2011; 19 (3): 391–395


In this article, we report the results of a survey designed to answer 6 questions on perceived media effectiveness and substitutability within the context of local advertising. Results from questionnaires completed by 130 local advertising decision makers reveal that (a) daily newspapers and radio are perceived as the most effective media for local advertising; (b) media interchangeability in local advertising is limited to a particular set of media options, namely, daily newspapers and radio; and (c) patterns of media effectiveness and substitutability do not vary substantially by the type of local advertiser or the amount of money spent in daily newspaper advertising. Four implications are suggested by the results.


This paper describes the development of an active endoscope which allows a large bending angle for practical application and has a simple structure for miniaturization. An active endoscope (image fiber with 4200 pixels and light guide fiber) 2 mm in outer diameter with a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator was designed and fabricated. The practical specifications of the SMA coil spring were determined based on a design chart and equation. The active endoscope consists of a bending part, the SMA actuator, and an endoscope. The mechanical properties of the bending part were investigated. The shear modulus of the SMA at room temperature and in the parent phase were determined in designing the actuators.


A persona-grounded dialogue model aims to improve the quality of responses to promote user engagement. However, because the given personas are mostly short and limited to only a few informative words, it is challenging to utilize them to generate diverse responses. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel persona expansion framework, Concept-based Persona eXpansion (CPX). CPX takes the original persona as input and generates expanded personas that contain conceptually rich content. We constitute CPX with two task modules: 1) Concept Extractor and 2) Sentence Generator. To train these modules, we exploit the duality of two tasks with a commonsense dataset consisting of a concept set and the corresponding sentences which contain the given concepts. Extensive experiments on persona expansion and response generation show that our work sufficiently contributes to improving the quality of responses in diversity and richness.


Haar transform is a member of a class of orthogonal transforms. It has been used for feature extraction in speech and character recognition. In other fields, it also has been used widely. The Haar transform efficiency in concentrating the data energy as a small number of coefficients is much better than that of the Fourier transform and Walsh transform for the selected set of features. Though lucubrate studying, we use Haar transform for feature extraction, defect detection and classification in textile products.


An all-attitude estimation algorithm is proposed using unscented Kalman filter(UKF) with the modified Rodrigues parameter representing the attitude.The modified Rodrigues parameters are simple and efficient in the problem of attitude estimation,but they can not be used in all-attitude motions,because they will be singular.It is possible to describe any rotations without encountering singularity by switching between the modified Rodrigues parameter and their shadow parameters.UKF uses nonlinear models directly and is suitable for precise attitude estimation.In this paper,an attitude estimator for the typical attitude determination mode composed of gyros and vector observations is designed by using the UKF,in which the attitude is presented by the way of switching between the modified Rodrigues parameters and their shadow parameters.There will be a jump of covariance matrix of state at the switching point,which brings the disturbance for the estimator.Therefore,a modification for the estimator is introduced at the switching point.Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the presented algorithm.


In this study, microspheres of Pentoxifylline (PTX) obtained with poly-L-lactide were investigated for drug-polymer ratios of 1:1, 1:5 and 1:10 and the HPLC results of PTX in the microspheres indicated that 1:5 drug-polymer ratio had the highest loading efficiency. For HPLC analysis acetonitrile-water (40:60) was selected as the mobile phase because it yielded the most favorable k' values. Retention times are 4.51 and 7.88 min. for PTX and internal standard (phanecetin), respectively. Calibration curves were linear (r2 > 0.999) in the range of 0.5-10 mg/ml with no significant difference from the origin. Then, matrix controlled transdermal systems containing plain drug or microspheres of drug were prepared. Carrageenan was chosen as a matrix polymer. In vitro release data of the formulations were evaluated kinetically. The results obtained indicate that PTX containing microspheres can be incorporated in carrageenan matrices to form a transdermal therapeutic system.


The optimal benefit of water market participants and region under the influence of dynamic factors was discussed.The benefit model was established by analyzing the characteristics of the dynamics water rights and benefit component in the region,moreover,the model was solved optimally by genetic algorithm,the example shows,in the low-flow period,Jing-bian and Mi-zhi become users,Yu-yang,Heng-shan and Sui-de became transfer.The transfer realized optimal benefit about 123,000 yuan,at the same time,the users offset the shortage of water timely,producing benefits about 101,000 yuan.The total benefit in the region reached 224,000 yuan.The model could achieved optimal benefit of supplier,user,and the region under the dynamic factors,it provided an important theoretical method to achieve the optimal allocation of regional water resources.


xBiFeO 3 -(1-x)BaTiO 3 form substitutional ferroelectromagnetic solid solutions with the rhomobohedral distortion up to 67% of BiFeO 3 . The paper reports data on phase formation, electrical conductivity anti dielectric constant as a function of temperature and frequency for the samples with x = 0.9 and 0.8 which are isostructural to BiFeO 3 . The conductivity is found to be dependent on both frequency and temperature in the range 30 to 400 °C. The temperatures of dielectric anomalies are found to be lower than that of BiFeO 3 . The complex impedance studies indicate relaxation effects.


Message-oriented middleware (MOM) provides an effective integration mechanismfor distributed systems,but it must change frequently to adapt to evolving businessdemands.Content-based routing (CBR) can increase the flexibility of MOM-baseddeployments. Although centralized CBR improves a messaging solution'smaintainability, it limits scalability and robustness. This article proposes analternative, decentralized approach to CBR that uses a portable rule base tomaximize MOM-based deployments' maintainability,scalability,and robustness.


The utility model discloses an inking gun elevating device of an inking computer ink jet printer, and the device can adjust the distance between an ink jetting nozzle and a printing media according to the thickness of the printed media. The elevating device comprises a sliding block moving horizontally along a guiding rail, and also comprises a jetting rack arranged on the sliding block. The sliding block is coupled with the jetting rack through a sliding groove arranged at the two sides of the jetting rack and a sliding pillar matched with the sliding groove. The two sides of the jetting rack are provided with a spring connected with the sliding block. The utility model is characterized in that the two sides of the jetting rack are respectively provided with positioning pillars, which are closely connected with the flanges on the sliding blocks; the jetting rack is provided with a cable stayed spring connected with the sliding block. Therefore, the utility model has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, easy control to the adjusted amplitude without measuring operation, fixed adjusted height, simple adjusting steps, convenient operation and easy implementation, etc.


Report discussing the results of investigations into the heat-absorbing abilities of the heating surfaces of boilers. Also discusses the laws that determine the rate of heat transfer from furnace gases through metal plates into boiler water and offers suggestions as to how these laws may be applied.


PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the most relevant innovation strategies used by the Latin American national tennis federations as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology consists of a survey. The survey consisted of three sections apart from the consent one: a general descriptive part, one with 30 questions to assess attitudes and perceptions and a final section which included open questions. After the data were collected, the SPSS software was used to test the distribution of the sample.FindingsResults show that executives' perception toward their need for involvement in the decision-making process varies.Research limitations/implicationsThe first limitation relates to the sample size of executives who completed the questionnaire. The second limitation refers to the details provided in the open section of the questionnaire. Specifically, the space allocated for the answers and the degree of detail required could have been optimized by providing further instructions on the importance of facilitating information related to the implementation of the programs.Practical implicationsThe results demonstrate that, although traditional management, organizational and administrative behaviors are still present in the tennis ecosystem, a more innovative mentality should embed these organizations. It is then relevant that sport and tennis organizations commit to the implementation of innovative strategies for the optimization of the administration of their ecosystems.Originality/valueThe paper adds more understanding to the brand of sports management. Furthermore, the fact of developing the study in a COVID-19 context sheds light on the issues faced by sports in a pandemic like this one.


Carrying out the credit system as the core for the students unreleasing work for study is an essential move to further educational reform in vocational college. It is good to build a new system for training talents and to promote the internal managerial reform .To understand "the situation and idea for running a school about vocational education," and to build a scientific system of courses is to advance the teaching reform in our college.


Abstract A straightforward protocol is presented to covalently bond gold nanoparticles exclusively at the tips of single-walled carbon nanotubes. This approach exploits the sterical hindrance given by a polymer and surfactant, preventing the attachment of no functionalized gold nanoparticles onto the main nanotube body. These novel heterostructures have promising potential for applications in photonics and electronic devices. Impact statement One-dimensional structures and the straight-forward method to create them could set the stage for future fabrication of mechanically and electrically robust contact devices. The mechanical stability is essential for applying the presented one-dimensional heterojunctions as contacts in electronic devices and is of utmost importance for fabricating robust nanotube-metal composite materials. Eventually, three-dimensional metal-nanotube arrangements could be foreseen as exceptionally robust nanocomposites. Future research will evaluate multi-component systems containing several different types of structurally collaborating components (e.g., the combination of metal-semiconductor nanoparticles). The presented method may lead to the development of new composites, materials, and structures with functional properties. Graphical abstract


It is possible to design a system to supply power to low consumption systems (hundreds of µW to tens of mW) from industrial devices. To develop an autonomous system based on harvesting energy from mixed artificial and natural light, it is mandatory to know which solutions are available and suitable to the conditions of use of the system to be designed. In this paper a comparison of solar cells exposed to different indoor light sources is made. This allows to establish which technology is the most relevant to use in different light environments, in terms of power generation. In addition, the difference in behavior between the two most widely produced solar cells, crystallin and amorphous Si, is depicted. We conclude that for new efficient light sources as fluorescent tubes, CFLs and LEDs, amorphous silicon is the best solution to generate power. On the other hand, crystallin silicon is the most efficient under incandescent, halogen or sunlight exposition.


Landslides are still difficult to predict, often occur in inaccessible mountainous terrain and have a high destructive potential. Consequently, data-driven documentation of large events is difficult to come by and often relies on observations of pre and post event conditions, such as surface topography and deposition characteristics. Occasional co-event observations in form of time-lapse videos provide valuable information, however, they require some degree of event anticipation and only probe the Earth's surface.


International education has long existed, but between the end of the Second World War and the late twentieth century it was largely a matter of aid and scholarships. How did the current market for international education come about? It was related to the 'massification' of tertiary education, and, no doubt, to a diminution in the sense of post-imperial obligation. Was it also the result of a new approach to education, even a new ideology? Or was it rather the result of series of pragmatic decisions, sometimes with unintended consequences, which ideological endorsement followed rather than preceded? This paper explores the British case through an examination of records of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the Department of Education and Science. It is one of a number of studies that seek to deepen the understanding of an essentially novel development by placing it in an historical context.


our research starts from the assumption that only knowledge of unexplored aspects can be an important tool for advancing into the management of hepatic disorders in children. It should be a contribute to both provide a framework to understand pathophisiology of some hepatobiliary disorders and offer analyses of their clinical-laboratory manifestations and the strategies for managing them. This project might be also useful to create specific competences related to a integrated and multidisciplinary approach, as required in pediatric liver disease. Our study concerns four areas that still present several either pathogenetic or diagnostic uncertainties, focusing on the following aspects:
1. Role of cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of Biliary Atresia.
2. New clinical and therapeutic aspects in pediatric autoimmune liver disease.
3.Pediatric liver transplant: immunological features and complication of calcineurin inhibitors treatment.
4. Broadening the spectrum of UDCA indications


Human C4B_2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of the 6p21.3 alternate reference locus and is approximately 21 kb in length. This allele, which encodes complement C4-B protein, plays a role in complement-dependent immune processes. The expression of this gene is associated with the expression of Chido blood group antigens. Mutation of the gene is associated with complement component C4B deficiency. Copy number variation and polymorphisms are associated with increased risk for systemic lupus erythematosus.


The objective of this study is to
evaluate the effects of ultrasound
waves on the viability of different
bacteria in mineral waters such as
spa thermal waters. The application
of ultrasound for the disinfection of
water can be an alternative to other
methods, such as, chlorination,
ozonation, UV irradiation. Sonication
was performed using a commercial
ultrasonic bath at constant frequency
of 40 kHz for 10 to 20 minutes.
Experiments were carried out at a
concentration of 106 CFU mL-1 and
a constant temperature of 309.65 K.
The effects of the ultrasounds waves
on bacterial growth were analyzed
using a Calvet microcalorimeter.
By plotting heat voltage difference
versus time, we are able to obtain
the graphs of Staphylococcus epidermidis
and Escherichia coli, with
and without ultrasound treatment.
Furthermore, the heat released by
microorganisms in the treated and
untreated samples sonicated for 24 hours was calculated. The ultrasound
treatment appears to be effective in
inhibiting the growth of S. epidermidis,
but not in the case of E. coli
which presented greater resistance
at the same experimental conditions.
This study also showed microcalorimetry
as an efficient technique to
determine the effect of ultrasound
waves on bacterial growth.


Abstract : Titanium is used in industry to manufacture many consumer products such as softball bats and golf clubs. It is also widely used in aerospace and the defense industries. At issue is that titanium does not maintain a good adhesive bond with organic coating systems. This study evaluates the adhesion of two nonchromate DoD primer, MIL-P-53022 and MIL-PRF-23377 Class N, relative to a direct to metal process using no primer. The evaluation method was based on ASTM D 4541 and used standard hydraulic adhesion testing equipment testing. The effectiveness of each method is then discussed with respect to strength values and failure modes.


The formation and nurturing of self-help group (SHG) has facilitated rural women to improve their economic life to a great extent. The SHG approach is quite popular across India in general and in Andhra Pradesh in particular (a province with 0 .16 million square kilometers area with 50 million populations according to 2011 census), as around 110 lakh of women in Andhra Pradesh were benefitted through SHG.


The heterocyclic PPO inhibitor compounds have been studied due to their potent herbicidal effects without toxic to human and animals. We have designed and synthesized 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole, maleimide, and tetrahydrophthalimide compounds carrying diverse epoxide substituents at 5- position of the phenyl group. Their herbicidal activities were evaluated under submerged paddy conditions. These results showed that 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole compounds gave potent herbicidal activities especially to ECHOR, MOOVA, and CYPSE at a relatively low rate of 16 g/ha and improved tolerance on rice compared to S-275 as a standard herbicide in this experiment.


We study a coupled system of implicit differential equations with fractional-order differential boundary conditions and the Riemann–Liouville derivative. The existence, uniqueness, and at least one solution are established by applying the Banach contraction and Leray–Schauder fixed point theorem. Furthermore, Hyers–Ulam type stabilities are discussed. An example is presented to illustrate our main result. The suggested system is the generalization of fourth-order ordinary differential equations with anti-periodic, classical, and initial boundary conditions.


This article focused on the methods of simplification of PERT network chart without changing the logical relationships inside the network itself. It proposed the characteristic viewpoints with the realization algorithm and instruction. It also proposed and demonstrated the correctness of a computational formula to calculate the time parameters of the equivalent task corresponding the probabilistic sub-network.


This paper mainly study the relationship between the different shape of air-out tube and the wind velocity based on variable frequency centrifugal fan.Several common shape of pipeline spouts were tested in the static environment in this experiment,the test results were made data process and theoretic original discussion,and we deduced a formula about the relationship between the effective velocity and distance.Finally,we obtained the reference valuable spout shape in the practical spray engineering.


The Saudi Arabian economy has dramatically been changed with the development of oil industry and industrialization. With the discovery of massive oil...


DCDC is widely used to study sub-critical crack propagation in brittle materials due to elevated crack propagation stability. This quality has made this test suitable for in-situ AFM observations of the neighbourhood of the crack tip at low propagation velocities. In a recent work we reported direct evidence of the presence of a submetric liquid condensate at the crack tip of a fused silica glass. The AFM phase imaging technique allows measuring the condensation length as a function of the applied stress intensity factor and relative humidity. In order to relate this length to a critical condensation distance between the opposite crack surfaces, a detailed knowledge of the crack opening is required. We realized an experimental investigation of the crack opening prole by reection interferometry and compared the results with a 2D nite element simulation of a cracked DCDC specimen including the mechanical eect induced by the liquid condensation.


RESULTS Microarray results showed that after 48 hours, 4343 gene transcripts differed (p<0.05) between controp group and HCY group. Fuctional analysis showed a significant number of genes to be associated with apoptosis, cell cycle pathway, enzyme, immunity protein, microtubular dynamic, nucleic acid binding,signal transducer. 3409 gene transcripts were up-regulated while 121 gene transcripts were down-regulated in HUVEC treated with TXL. These gene transcripts have been proved to relate to biological process, molecular function and cellular structure. Significant changes were observed in genes involved in apoptosis, cellular proliferation, cell signal transduction and oxidative stress. including vescular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IGF receptors, p42/44 mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10), and toll like receptor 3 (TLR3).


Axillary artery cannulation has been used as an alternative site for cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery for aortic dissections and aneurysmal disease of the ascending aorta and arch. This study reports our experience with reusing the axillary artery for cardiopulmonary bypass during complex aortic and cardiac surgical procedures.


Studies on migrant collective participation and organization either focus on their receiving country incorporation or on ́homeland ́ oriented engagements. A transnational perspective in migration research has contributed to consider the simultaneous existence of multiple agendas of migrant organizations. Nonetheless, empirical insights into dual agendas are still scarce. What is more, migrant organizations' local activities are most frequently investigated in relation to their efforts and potential for incorporation. In contrast, cross-border engagements are seen in relation to home(town) development and change. Scholars generally sustain the congruency of local – receiving side versus transnationalorigin side. However, local activities of migrant groups are also directed to situations abroad. Local political mobilizations for regime change and political reforms in origin countries are well known, for instance. At the same time, cross-border action of migrant organizations in origin countries in some cases relates to conditions in receiving countries, too. Engaging with the concept of transnational social spaces this contribution suggests distinguishing between the geographical scope and the social and political focus of action. It thereby aims to further theorize migrants' transnationalism and thus to disentangle migrants' collective efforts. By using what is known from the scholarship on migrant collective 1 Dr. Margit Fauser, Centre on Migration, Citizenship and Development, Faculty of Sociology, Bielefeld University, PO Box 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, E-mail: email@example.com


In the present study, life-history traits of importance to fisheries management were estimated for the forktail rabbitfish (Siganus argenteus) based on fishery-dependent samples collected over a 2-year period in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Age-based and reproductive information was derived from analysis of sagittal otoliths and gonads. The species is short-lived, with a maximum age of 7+ years, and females reach sexual maturity at ~1.3 years (21.8-cm fork length). Age distributions and total mortality rates were similar between sexes. However, females on average reached larger asymptotic sizes, with estimates of mean asymptotic length exceeding that of males by 2cm. Reproductive cycles, based on temporal variation in gonadosomatic index values and proportional frequency of active ovaries, demonstrated two annual activity peaks, consistent across 2years of sampling. Peak spawning occurred from March to May–June, whereas a second, smaller peak spanned August and September. In the Mariana Islands, S. argenteus represents a short-lived species with potential for rapid population turnover; 85% of the population is under 3years of age, whereas approximately half of all harvested individuals have reached reproductive maturity. Derived estimates of natural and fishing mortality indicate minimal concerns for the long-term fishery sustainability of this species under present levels of exploitation.


The concept of individual authorship, let alone authorial style, is not one that medievalists are accustomed to dealing with, particularly in the realm of monophonic music. Within this field, however, troubadour and trouvère songs provide a peculiar and almost unique challenge because many of the songs are by identified and identifiable composers. However, between the lives of those composers and the written records of their composition there is a gap which can be almost as long as 200 years. We do not know who compiled the manuscripts, nor do we know why they were produced; but what is plain is that the lines of transmission from composer to written record were neither clear nor simple, given the number and scope of the variants from one manuscript to the next. The relationship between the manuscripts is complex, and stemmatics has not proved particularly useful in determining the variant closest to the composer's 'original'. In these circumstances it is hardly surprising that the authentic voice of the composer is not a common subject for discussion. Like other monophonic repertories, the songs of the troubadours and trouvères tend to be analysed as a corpus, and rightly so. If analysis is to encompass the entire legacy of songs, it needs systematic tools of the kind and quality available to other repertories. However, effective tools for the melodic analysis of troubadour and trouvère song are few, for reasons which I have discussed elsewhere.


overlord, the Sultan of Turkey, a struggle that brought England, France, Austria, and Kussia eventually into the field. Dr. Sabry produces an intelligible and documented sketch of this confused period, but unhappily says little or nothing of Mohammed Ali's military operations in Syria. The omission is disappointing. Some account of the organization of the expeditionary force, of Ibrahim's marches and fighting formation, and of the conduct of the retreat across Sinai, would have been very welcome. All students of the history of these times, will not agree with the writer's estimate of various personalities. He describes Palmerston, for example, as pen intelligent; yet, surely obtuseness was not one of that statesman's failings. Incidentally, Dr. Sabry's indictment of England seems laboured and too highly coloured.* Was this Power inspired with such malevolence as the writer of I'Empire Egyptienne suggests ? Her neighbours were no more altruistic surely than she. France, for instance, as Dr. Sabry points out, at one critical moment was pursuing in Constantinople a Franco-Turkish policy, in Alexandria an Egyptophile. But the book on the whole is written conscientiously and impartially, and it may be said that Dr. Sabry has made an important contribution to the history of his country.


Patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) frequently present with either synchronous metastases or a history of metastases. This study was conducted to evaluate whether LRRC patients without metastases have a different oncological outcome compared to patients with a history of metastases treated with curative intent or patients with potentially curable synchronous metastases.


Background: Depolarizing muscle relaxant, frequently used for rapid sequence endotracheal intubation in clinical field, has serious complication that occur intermittently, such as, hyperkalemia, increased intraoccular pressure and sudden cardiac arm, especially in infants and adolescents. So the priming principle, i.e., the administration of a subparalyzing dose of a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant (priming dose) prior to the intubating dose, was developed for rapid sequence endotracheal intubation with nondepolarizing muscle relaxant. However, the priming dose sometimes causes complications, such as, swallowing difficulty or pulmonary aspiration, and this can cause patient discomfort or fatal complications. In this study we examined proper atracurium priming dose and evaluated possible complications of priming doses. Methods: One hundred patients, scheduled for elective surgery were randomly allocated into five groups according to the priming dose used (group 1; 0, group 2; 0.03, group 3; 0.06, group 4; 0.09, group 5; 0.12 mg/kg). Patients received a midazolam and fentanyl injection, the base line TOF ratio was measured, and an intubating dose was given. We also examined changes in vital sign for 20 minutes after injection and noted the time when the twitch height became zero (onset time). Results: In group 1, the onset time was 107 22.9 sec, and in groups 4 and 5, the onset times were 85.0 15.6 and 69.9 19.3 sec, respectively. But, in group 5, some patients showed tachycardia and swallowing difficulty. Conclusions: The optimal priming dose of atracurium was determined as 0.09 mg/kg, in most cases, however patients sensitivity to the atracurium should be considered.


A method for the fabrication of a completely integrated solid-state electrochemical sensor which combines a minature liquid junction reference electrode with a CMOS ISFET is presented. The reference electrode is fabricated by preferentially etching silicon to form a porous silicon frit. The CMOS process provides electrical encapsulation of the ISFET. The performance of the reference electrode and CMOS ISFET as an integrated sensor is demonstrated.


Stochastic Heavy Ball method (SHB) has been widely used in various machine learning and deep learning tasks due to its superior generalization performance. However, a large number of effort need to be spent in tuning the learning rates of SHB, which is costly and inefficient in practical applications. Towards this end, this paper proposes the Stochastic Euler Heavy Ball method (SEHB), which simultaneously achieves good generalization like SHB and obtains rapid convergence. Our method adopts new adaptive learning rates which is different from classical adaptive methods like Adam. Convergence analysis is discussed in both convex and non-convex situations. Furthermore, we conduct numerical experiments and deep learning experiments to test the performance of SEHB. Empirical results demonstrate that our method shows better generalization performance than classical stochastic optimization methods such as SHB and Adam.


Aims: Arabinoxylan is a complex non-starchy polysaccharide classified under dietary fiber group which mainly contains the cell wall of the cereals. In the food industry, commercially available arabinoxylan is used as a gelling agent, thickener, stabilizer and emulsifier. Leaves of Neolitsea cassia, a native plant in Sri Lanka and gummy materials in its leaves used for the preparation of specific traditional sweet called "Asmi". The study aimed to isolate arabinoxylan gum from leaves of Neolitsea cassia and evaluate the suitability of the isolated gum as a thickening agent. Study Design: Complete randomized design. Place and the Duration of the Study: Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries, & Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila (NWP), Sri Lanka between April 2917 and August 2017. Methodology: Arabinoxylan was extracted from leaves of Neolitsea cassia and analysed for its proximate composition and evaluate functional, antioxidant properties and stabilizing properties. Original Research Article Jeewanthi and Gunathilake; SARJNP, 3(2): 16-26, 2020; Article no.SARJNP.57650 17 Results: The extractable arabinoxylan content was 1.02% from the dried basis. To determine the suitability of the isolated gum as a thickening agent, the functional properties of the extracted arabinoxylan were evaluated. Water holding capacity, oil holding capacity and the solubility of the isolated arabinoxylan were 288.82±0.67% and 166.67±1.79% and 80.250±1.025% respectively. Solution of the extract with 5% (w/v) gave 395.00±2.567cp viscosity. Isolated arabinoxylan was shown to exhibit antioxidant activity and suggesting it can enhance antioxidant capacity in the food matrix. Conclusion: Arabinoxylan gum can be extracted from leaves of Neolitsea cassia and it posses many physicochemical, functional and antioxidant properties to be used as an additive in food preparation.


The spectra of five pharmacologically interesting substituted pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole hydroiodides were measured under electron and chemical ionization. In the electron ionization spectra, in addition to the intense molecular ion peak of the free base (M+*), there was also a relatively intense molecular ion peak of the hydroiodide form, which is unusual since the hydroiodides are rarely so stable. The phenylimino and phenylamino substituents of the triazole ring affected the fragmentation behaviour of the compounds very much. The chemical ionization reagent gases used in this work were methane, isobutane, deuterated ammonia and acetone. In all the cases practically only [M+H]+ ions were observed, the only exception being acetone which also gave rise to intense [M+C2H3O]+ and [M+C3H7O]+ adduct ions. None of the reagent gases used was able to cause any fragmentation.


1. I N T R O D U C T I O N One of the basic problems in using the gradient theory of plasticity developed by Aifantis and coworkers /1-7/ is the determination of the gradient coefficient in its yield condition. In /8,9/, values of this coefficient for different materials were estimated theoretically based on nonlocal concepts and the self-consistent method, which pointed out that the grain size of the material has a strong effect . An indirect experimental method / ] 0/ was also developed by matching numerical analysis of gradient approach with the measurement of the width of stationary shear bands. However, it can be difficult to measure accurately the width of shear bands and this method may be not generally applicable. 2. E X P E R I M E N T A L P R O C E D U R E S A plate of high-purity aluminum was machined in a step-wise fashion on a horizontal milling machine (Figure I). Residual stresses introduced during machining were eliminated and the grain structure was 271 Vol. 14, Νos. 4-5, 2003 Experimental Determination of Gradient Coefficient stabilized by a low temperature annealing (573K for 8 hours). Cold-rolling was performed in multiple passes until a final plate thickness of 11.5 mm (0.451 in) was achieved. Bend bars were cut from the cold-rolled plate and polished to the following nominal dimensions: length L = 140 mm (5.5 in), width w = 12.5 mm (0.5 in), and height 2h = 11 mm (.430 in). All bend bars used in the experiment were placed in the same oven batch at 873K for 2 hours. The resulting recrystallized grain structure is shown in Figure 2. The grain size in the heavily cold-worked (22.2%) section of the bend bars is 1 mm, while that of the 7 .8% cold-worked section is 10 mm. Grain sizes are approximated from the micrograph shown in Figure 2. Pure bending experiments were performed in a standard four-point-bend fixture equipped with 6 linear voltage displacement transducers (LVDTs) (Figure 3). The samples were carefully positioned in the fixture, Ί 14.3 mm (22.2%) J 13.6 mm (18.3%) 13.1 mm (15.1%) 12.6 mm (11.7%) 76.2 mr 88.9 mm• 1 65 mm L 12.1 mm (7.8%) Fig. 1: Dimensions of the high purity aluminum plate prior to cold-rolling and the subsequent cold-rolling percentages for each section Fig. 2: Optical micrograph of the gradient area illustrating the variation of grain size along the sample axis B.R. Murphy et al. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials with the center of the gradient zone located over LVDT 4. The center of the sample was located midway between L V D T 3 and 4. The samples were incrementally loaded in 2 . 2 5 kg (5 lb) increments and L V D T voltage readings were recorded. Using preconstructed calibration curves for each LVDT, displacement values were directly determined from the LVDT voltage data. Load was recorded by a computer connected to a standard load cell. From the load readings the corresponding applied moments Μ can be calculated. Figure 4 presents the deflection data for a sample over each LVDT at various loads. Knowing that the beam center is between LVDT 3 and 4, we would expect the maximum deflection to be between L V D T 3 and 4 for a homogeneous beam. Due to the inhomogeneous nature of the beams manufactured for these experiments, the maximum deflection is shifted towards LVDT 3. P / 2 P / 2 G RADIEN GRAINS 9 .5 rn m 1 2 3 4 5 5 0 . 8 0 m m i 2 h ! — 4 4 . 5 m m Fig. 3: Illustration of the 4-point bending test configuration 2 3 4 5 6 L V D T Fig. 4: Asymmetric profile of deflection data M=9.543N M=9.940N ~^"~M=10.368N ^ M = 1 0 . 7 1 9 N m


such success does not depend so much on size of city or stability of population as on the qualifications of those who come and the particular stage of economic growth when they arrive. Elsewhere, in a particularly interesting section, the author traces the development of ethnic neighborhoods in South Bend. Immigrants came to be disproportionately represented among the community leadership, and Esslinger argues that it was not an ability to assimilate that counted, but rather participation in the organizational and social life of the community, both ethnic and general. Thus Germans, who formed a strong network of ethnic associations, were much more important as community leaders than were the English, who did not. This reader, however, was left wondering how this relationship actually took place and whether cultural orientations or ethnic occupational specializations might not have been more important. Perhaps the most significant contribution of this work is that it demonstrates yet again the important, even vital, role that immigrants played in the growth of industry and the development of American cities, not only as workers, but as owners, inventors, and community leaders. William G. Lockwood


With the wide-adoption of edge-cloud networks in various domains, anomaly detection is a regularly performed task to guarantee the health of the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Traditionally, sensory data are gathered at the network edge and completely routed to the cloud, where computational-heavy algorithms are mostly adopted to determine the locations of certain anomaly. Considering the occurrence infrequency of anomalies, this strategy may route relatively large-volume of sensory data, which reflects a healthy situation indeed, to the cloud. To reduce these anomaly-irrelevant sensory data transmitted in the network, this paper proposes an accurate and energy-efficient anomaly detection mechanism in three-Tier IoT-Edge-Cloud (3T-IEC) networks. Specifically, after gathering sensory data provided by IoT nodes in certain edge network, the edge node applies the Marching Squares algorithm to generate isopleths, where an isopleth may capture the boundary of anomaly. A filtering mechanism is conducted at the edge tier, such that anomaly-relevant sensory data are routed to the cloud. Thereafter, the boundary of anomaly is obtained, and the locations of candidate boundary nodes are derived by adopting the Kriging spatial interpolation algorithm at the cloud tier. These locations are traversed by mobile sensing nodes at edge networks, and their sensory data are gathered to refine the boundary. Extensive experiments are conducted, where an air quality hazardous gas dataset acquired from Towards Data Science is applied. Evaluation results show that our technique outperforms the state-of-the-art ones in boundary accuracy and energy-efficiency.


Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons emitted from excited atomic states are ubiquitous in material processing plasmas. The highly energetic photons can induce surface damage by driving surface reactions, disordering surface regions, and affecting bonds in the bulk material. In argon plasmas, the VUV emissions are due to the decay of the 1s4 and 1s2 principal resonance levels with emission wavelengths of 104.8 and 106.7 nm, respectively. The authors have measured the number densities of atoms in the two resonance levels using both white light optical absorption spectroscopy and radiation-trapping induced changes in the 3p54p→3p54s branching fractions measured via visible/near-infrared optical emission spectroscopy in an argon inductively coupled plasma as a function of both pressure and power. An emission model that takes into account radiation trapping was used to calculate the VUV emission rate. The model results were compared to experimental measurements made with a National Institute of Standards and Techn...


The article attempts to analyze specific features of rendering realia (artifacts and mentefacts) in translation process. The present study is based on I. Bunin's short novel "Dry Valley" and its translations into French. Realia are one of the key aesthetic features of I. A. Bunin oeuvre and seriously complicate translation of his works. The purpose of this study is to analyse the features of reverbalisation of realia in translation. The research was conducted in the framework of the theory of interlanguage renomination and the linguistic theory of realia using the method of comparative analysis of the source and translation texts. The authors put forward and substantiate the hypothesis that in a literary text with a high degree of national color realia are functioning as a system thus forming the artistic realikon, an indivisible aesthetic complex, which is used to display the writer's individual picture of the world. The realikon elements form a field structure with a core and a periphery. The core of the realikon is undergoing the greatest changes, since only a few Russian L-realia, as well as some French R-realia that name the key concepts of the novel, retain their place in it. The near periphery is formed by C-realia rendered by explication or accompanied by a translator's metatext. The far periphery is formed by numerous R-realia, functional equivalents and hyperonyms, as well as C-realia, rendered by using French equivalents or via literal translation, which completely erases the national color of the source text. Thus, the study allows to identify similarities and differences in realikons as fragments of artistic pictures of the world reflected in source and translation texts, as well as to determine and justify quantitatively and qualitatively the dominant translation strategy used to render the national color.


This chapter examines the principles, problems, and prospects of whistleblowing in the international public service: its significance, relevant laws, and bureaucratic institutions. The discussion begins with whistleblowing based largely on the American experience, because it has some of the most extensive whistleblowing policies in the world. Following a brief summary of the literature, whistleblowing concepts, and the transnational civil service are examined. While not limited to one international agency, the focus is on the United Nations as the world's largest federation of nation states. The analysis closes with an exploration of whistleblowing guidelines and best practice in the global administrative structure.


Spread spectrum techniques have been proposed for radio LAN systems in Europe and America. The principal motivation is the low mutual interference between spread spectrum and narrowband systems spectrally cohabiting. Theoretically, such systems could co-exist but detailed investigation is required to determine whether this would be satisfactory. This paper discusses other attributes of spread spectrum techniques, namely their resistance to channel effects and the availability of spread spectrum multiple access or CDMA, with respect to their use in radio LAN systems. The proposed terminal information rates range from 200 kbit/s to 20 Mbit/s and the spectral bandwidths from 30 MHz to 200 MHz, the higher information rate systems being allocated the larger bandwidths. >


Last week, in response to the outbreak of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the antitrust agencies in the United States and European Union issued policies that will affect, and may delay,…


The areas in the northern Europe that offered in the twelfth century new possibilities for expansion for the Cistercian order were subject to violence and instability, which in fact, increased from the mid-thirteenth century onwards. Two of these areas are discussed in this chapter: the English-Scottish border and Pomerania - which was a frontier of German, Danish and Polish influences - to show the mechanism of dealing with violence related to wars and attacks by neighbours. A number of Cistercian houses were founded there in both regions. On the whole, the majority of Cistercian foundations in Scotland and Pomerania were royal and ducal, and in a minority of cases they were established by noblemen with very high ambitions. The cases discussed here had all their mother houses from which the initial contingent of monks had come on the other side of a border in ethically and culturally different regions. Keywords: Cistercian foundations; Danish monks; English-Scottish border; Pomerania; Scotland


The LANSCE linac RF system consists of four 201.25 MHz RF stations that supply RF power to the drift tube linac(DTL), and forty-four 805 MHz RF stations, that supply RF power to the coupled-cavity linac(CCL). There are four large high voltage power supplies for the DTL RF systems. Seven high voltage power supplies provide the power for the 805 MHz klystrons. All power supplies consist of a transformer / rectifier (TR), Inductrol Voltage Regulator (IVR) and a capacitor bank with crowbar protection. The TR units step up and rectify 4160 VAC into 90 kV DC. The IVR units regulate the voltage 33% above and below the nominal voltage of 4160 VAC. After 39 years of operation, some components are approaching the end of life and will be refurbished through the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Refurbishment (LANSCE-R) project to ensure the reliability of the machine until 2025. An analysis of the oil in the high voltage power supply units was performed to assess their health to determine if units need to be replaced or repaired as part of LANSCE-R. Since 1998 the oil in each unit has been sampled and tested annually, and reprocessed when required. Gas-in-oil data for these units from 1998 to present was analyzed. The levels of each gas component and the significance of the each dissolved gas are discussed. The health of the units is assessed and a plan is developed to maintain the reliability of the units through 2025.


In the first years when I came home we ran a cow-calf operation and fed out our own calves. It amounted to about 100-120 per year. We rarely talked to or used a veterinarian other than with the yard calving situation, pregnancy testing, and a little bit of advice about implanting. In fact I recall I had a sick calf in one of the first years I was home and I put it on the pickup truck and took it to the veterinary clinic. It was diagnosed as pneumonia and they gave it a shot and told me to treat it for two more days and I brought it hume. Our facilities were such I fed and watered that calf on the pickup truck for two days so I could treat it for two more days.


The importin α·β heterodimer mediates nuclear import of proteins containing classical nuclear localization signals. After carrying its cargo into the nucleus, the importin dimer dissociates, and Srp1p (the yeast importin α subunit) is recycled to the cytoplasm in a complex with Cse1p and RanGTP. Nup2p is a yeast FXFG nucleoporin that contains a Ran-binding domain. We find that export of Srp1p from the nucleus is impaired inΔnup2 mutants. Also, Srp1p fusion proteins accumulate at the nuclear rim in wild-type cells but accumulate in the nuclear interior in Δnup2 cells. A deletion of NUP2shows genetic interactions with mutants in SRP1 andPRP20, which encodes the Ran nucleotide exchange factor. Srp1p binds directly to an N-terminal domain of Nup2p. This region of Nup2p is sufficient to allow accumulation of an Srp1p fusion protein at the nuclear rim, but the C-terminal Ran-binding domain of Nup2p is required for efficient Srp1p export. Formation of the Srp1p·Cse1p·RanGTP export complex releases Srp1p from its binding site in Nup2p. We propose that Nup2p may act as a scaffold that facilitates formation of the Srp1p export complex.


This study aimed to investigate the awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) among wineries located in the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG) (1), (2) the obstacles (3) and market drivers of its implementation (4), the practices and range of actions that are concretely implemented in the field of CSR (5), the implications that this management approach can have on company performance (6), and the communication tools used. The methodology adopted is based on a qualitative approach integrated with quantitative measures. In total, 28 wineries participated in the study. The results show that all of the wineries were aware of the importance of implementing CSR, although they mainly refer to environmental issues. Sponsorship in fair trade activities is considered the most relevant market driver, while Italian consumers are generally perceived as not particularly interested in sustainable wine production. The practices implemented are mainly focused on reducing environmental impact. Interesting insights have emerged from this study, such as an unusual disparity between theoretical knowledge and practical implementation of socially responsible activities, a tendency to adapt the entrepreneurial style towards CSR, as well as a fundamental willingness to implement good practices that go beyond the legal requirements currently in force.


The problem in this study is the students' writing essay writing skills that have not been maximized. One of the contributing factors is the learning model used is not in accordance with the learning material. The purpose of this study was to find out the implementation of Indonesian language learning by using Outdoor Study learning model and conventional methods learning in Writing Essay rhymes.The study was conducted at SDN 023905 Public Elementary School in Binjai utara on juli , 2019. The population of this study was all fifth grade students of SDN 023905 Binjai Utara, which numbered 64 people and at the same time became research samples divided into two parallel classes. Data collection tool used tests and data analysis consisting of testing hypotheses using the two average difference test. From the data analysis obtained the description essay writing skills of students using Outdoor Study model learning gained an average of 80.85 and the conventional learning method gained an average of 70.70. From the two data it can be concluded that the Writing Skills Writing rhymes on the Outdoor Study Learning method is better than using the Conventional method in class V SDN 023905 Binjai Utara Academic Year 2019/2020


ABSTRACT This study explores how a company's offline and online service quality affects customer-based pop-up store equity, which in turn influences consumers' willingness to pay a price premium and consumers' purchase intention when shopping at a pop-up retail store. This study utilized Aaker's ([1991]. Managing brand equity: Capitalizing on the value of a brand name. New York: FreePress) brand equity model as the conceptual framework of the study. From the exploratory factor analysis, three dimensions emerged: awareness/association, perceived quality, and loyalty. The result of this research showed that offline service quality was a significant determinant that influences pop-up store equity. Among the three constructs identified as pop-up store equity in this study, awareness/association and loyalty were the significant determining factors for the customers' willingness to pay the price premium. Also, awareness/association and perceived quality of pop-up stores were the significant factors that influence purchase intention.


Spectroscopic techniques to determine the temporal evolution of the ion temperature in a collisionless barium plasma are presented. The theory of temperature relaxation in plasmas with external magnetic field is modified to include wave‐induced collisions. Experiment and theory are compared. The current‐driven electrostatic ion cyclotron instability is shown to be an effective method for wave heating of ions.


This paper will explain the benefits and limitations of existing (traditional) CT technology within electronics, covering Feldkamp, laminography techniques, both in line (AXI) and off line, plus the newer Inclined or partial CT technologies. Also, explaining the meaning of 2.5D which is a term becoming common in the industry, that can lead to confusion with CT or ICT. It will also look at issues with the reconstruction techniques normally used within our industry. The paper will contrast this with more sophisticated x-ray systems, which have crossed over from the NDT arena where technology advances including dual tube units, which can image at sub-micron level and have the ability to build an accurate and detailed 3D image of a tablet or smart phone without any stitching or joining of images now offer an extra dimension to the user. With high quality 3D reconstruction software, these images can easily be manipulated to allow key features or failure sites to be easily seen. These systems are now being used in Electronics Failure Analysis but also in NPI and in the design and development process, as CAD data can be overlaid, metrology plus reverse engineering is also possible with some advanced systems.


A series of oxides of the composition Sr2LnTaCu208, Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd has been prepared and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Samples are tetragonal, space group P4/mmm and isostructural with a perovskite-like phase Ba2LaTaCu2Os. The unit-cell parameters have been determined using Mo or Si as internal standard. The structure of Sr2SmTaCu208 has been refined by the Riet-veld method. X-ray diffraction patterns of the samples and the crystal structure of Sr2SmTaCu208 showed ordering of Ta and Cu ions: the octahedrally coordinated Ta ion is on the Cu(1) site, while Cu ions remain on the Cu(2) sites of the Ba2YCu307.6-type structure. (Powder Diffraction File Nos. 46-1490 for Sr/NdTaCuzO8, 46-1489 for Sr2SmTaCu208, 46-1488 for Sr2EuTaCu208 and 46-1487 for


Posterolateral spinal fusion (PSLSF) in rabbits is a challenging model for bone substitutes because the transverse processes are extremely thin and the space to be filled with bone is greater than critical and meiopragic in terms of vascularity. Several investigators have shown beneficial effects of PRP in bone and soft-tissue healing processes. However, controversial results have been reported in clinical setting analysing the effectiveness of PRP. Aim of the present study was to test the effectiveness of PRP in experimental model of PLSF in rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS 20 White females New Zeland Rabbits were used. Seven rabbits (Group 1) had PRP plus carrier on the right side (Group 1A) and plus carrier and fresh bone marrow on the left side (Group 1B). Seven rabbits (Group 2) had carrier alone on the right side (Group 2A) and carrier plus fresh bone marrow on the left side (Group 2B). Six rabbits (Group 3) had sham operation on both right and left sides. Animals were sacrificed 6 months after surgery and the lumbar spine submitted to radiolographic and histologic analysis. Vascular density (VD) was also assessed in the different zone of the grafted material. RESULTS Radiographs showed a complete fusion in 83% of group 1A and in 83% of group 1B, and in 86% of group 2A and 2B. Pseudarthrosis or non union, was observed in 1 specimen of group 1B and 2A and in all specimens of group 3 (sham). In contrast to radiographic results, no specimen showed a complete bony bridge between the transverse processes on histologic analysis. VD was significantly greater in the periapophyseal compared to the interapophyseal region of the graft material. However, no significant difference was found in the VD between groups. CONCLUSIONS In this study PRP alone, or augmented with fresh bone marrow, failed to induce a histologically proved bony fusion in the PLSF model. Factors which may influence the effectiveness of PRP should be further addressed before applying PRP in the clinical setting.


The entire irrigation district is divided into three terraces based on the geology and geomorphology of the study area in this research.The water-salt in soil dynamic behavior on the three terraces is real-time monitored on the spot,and the paper analyzes detailedly the change situation of groundwater conductivity along with groundwater depth at different stages and in different distribution conditions using the method of double-factor variance analysis.The results indicate that groundwater conductivity has close relation with water level,and this situation exhibits strong regional characteristics that the increase of EC value on each terrace is along with the rise of the water level,the high EC value always appears in the high water level district,and there exists significant variation of conductivity on the second terrace.In addition,the outside factors such as the micro-region environment,the human activity,the climate etc.,can also affect the dynamical process of groundwater and salt.Therefore,the reduction of the water level in this irrigation district is an important measure to control the soil salinification and is a key to realizing the sustainable development of agriculture.


Four different fluorene–dithiophene derivative-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) (SO7–10) have been synthesized via a facile route and were successfully used in the fabrication of formamidinium lead bromide perovskite solar cells. Detailed characterization of the new compounds was carried out through 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet–visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Under AM1.5 G illumination, the mesoscopic CH(NH2)2PbBr3 perovskite solar cell employing SO7 as the HTM displayed an outstanding photovoltage (Voc) of 1.5 V with an efficiency (η) of 7.1%. The photovoltaic performance is on par with the device using the state-of-the-art Spiro-OMeTAD as HTM, which delivered a Voc of 1.47 V and a maximum η of 6.9%. A density functional theory approach with GW simulations including spin–orbit coupling and electrochemical measurements revealed deeper highest occupied molecular orbital levels for newly synthesized fluorene–dithiophene derivatives, whic...


ABSTRACTDATA & FACTS •Separation events will be filmed with two high speed cameras (HSC) and one standard speed camera (SSC) at two separate locations approximately one-hundred eighty degrees apart.•Layout design for cameras must avoid interference with other thrust cone components and hardware (e.g. thermal blanket, power sources, etc.).•Each camera mount houses two camera power connections and a lighting source.•Lighting sources for cameras require placement in optimal locations to enhance image resolution and clarity. Volume Constraints-•SSC Volume: 2.5" width X 2.5" height X 4" length•SSC Lens: 2" width X 2" height X 2" length•HSC Volume: 4.3" width X 6" height X 8" length•HSC Lens: 2.5" width X 2.5" height X 3" length Camera Layout Design for theUpper Stage Thrust Cone Tevin Wooten:Camden-Fairview High SchoolMentor: Bart Fowler Camera Mounting AssemblyThrust Cone ViewPotential Camera Location Friday, July 23, 2010 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20100033276 2019-11-13T20:04:54+00:00Z


Low cost IMU has the features of large error,error changing with environment temperature and different IMU different error et al. Algorithm of error identification and compensation should be deeply researched when applying. With this purpose of an IMU data preprocessing algorithm proposed in this paper, firstly,IMU stochastic error was analyzed by Allan variance. Secondly,in order to reduce error disturbance and enhancing IMU performance,IIR filter was used for uncorrelated error filtering from IMU data. Finally,the proposed algorithm was verified by processing real measured IMU data. The effective of Allan variance in error identification and IIR filter in uncorrelated error suppression are verified from the results.


Precise control of the morphology and crystalline structure of semiconductor-based photocatalyst is crucial for improving the efficiency of solar energy conversion system. In this work, taking BiVO4 semiconductor photocatalyst as an example, we investigated the formation process for the regular decahedron BiVO4 crystals prepared by a convenient hydrothermal method and found that the synthesis is undergoing a dissolution–recrystallization process, concomitantly, the phase was transformed from tetragonal zircon type to monoclinic sheelite-type. By controlling the kinetics of crystal growth for BiVO4 through regulating acidity of the reaction solution, we rationally tune the morphology of monoclinic BiVO4 from regular decahedron crystals to short rod-like particles, particularly precisely modulate the proportion of {010}/{011} facets for the decahedron BiVO4. By tuning the crystalline phase and morphologies of BiVO4 crystal, we found that the photocatalytic water oxidation activity for the well-defined BiVO4...


Strong descriptivism about proper names, as I will understand it, is the thesis that for every proper name N in the public language, and any competent speaker S who possesses N, there is a definite description the F that is semantically equivalent to N for S.' For the speaker, N and the F are synonymous. There are other versions of strong descriptivism. All of them take the semantic content of a proper name to be given by the content of a definite description. This formulation, with its relativization to speakers, allows strong descriptivism to avoid well-known problems associated with the view that there is a single definite description synonymous with N for all competent users of N. Weak descriptivism is the thesis that for every proper name N in the public language, and any competent speaker S possessing N, S associates some descriptive condition, being the F, with N, and that condition determines the referent of N. Weak descriptivism differs from strong descriptivism in that it does not require that, for the speaker, the descriptive condition is synonymous with the name.


Four great strategies,the urbanization of sustainable development of mining area,pluralˉistic industry,agricultural structural adjustment and ecological agriculture,ecological mining area(or green mining area)are pointed out.


On the basis of data from the Brazilian National Assessment of Basic Education, this paper investigates, in the set of schools attached to each local authority within the capital of Brazilian states, the association of educational policies and 4th grade students' school performances, during the period of 1999-2003. Multilevel crossclassified models were used in order to take into account the structure of the data (students' performance, set of schools and assessment years). Also, the analysis included statistical control for students' socioeconomic levels and for their social composition within the set of schools under the administration of each local authority. The results indicate that merit-based processes for appointing principals, financial autonomy of schools, external assessment of schools, offer of pre-schools' enrollments, and a higher percentage of teachers with more than a high school degree are factors associated to a higher than average school performance. Finally, the consequences for the formulation of the agendas of educational policies are discussed. EDUCATIONAL POLICIES – TEACHING QUALITY – PUBLIC POLICIES – STUDENTS'S SCHOOL PERFORMANCE Until the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s the improvement in educational indicators that sum up the amount of education that Brazil's population receives could be explained mainly by aspects related to changes in the demographic structure of the population: not only did a decrease in people of school age result in less overall demand for education, but the urbanization process and the relatively greater academic level of mothers contributed to an increase in the number of years education


Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of Chilean sea urchin Loxechinus albus, the single species of the genus Loxechinus, is determined. The circular mitogenome is 15,709 bp in length containing 2 rRNA, 22 tRNA and 13 protein coding genes as well as the control region. The gene order is identical to those of described Camarodonta species. There are 24 bp gene overlaps at 6 locations and 124 bp intergenic spacers at 17 boundaries. The nucleotide composition of the genome is 31.2% A, 22.3% C, 29.7% T, and 16.8% G. The A + T bias (60.9%) is similar to that of P. lividus (60.3%) but slightly higher than those of strongylocentrotid species (58.8–59.8%). The mitogenome sequence of L. albus will provide valuable information on the phylogeny and evolution of the genus Loxechinus in relation to other Camarodonta sea urchins.


Background: Scrub typhus is a mite-born disease scrub. It commonly manifests as an acute febrile illness with multi-system involvement. It is regarded as a life-threatening disease in children, with serious complications usually occurring in the 2nd week of illness.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the clinical and laboratory profile of children with scrub typhus.
Materials and Methods: All children admitted with scrub typhus over 1-year duration were enrolled in the study. The clinical, laboratory profile, and outcome were observed and analyzed.
Results: A total of 47 children were diagnosed with scrub typhus, 17 (36.1%) children had clinical and laboratory evidence of meningitis. The most frequent presenting features were fever (100%), headache (82.4%), vomiting (82.4%), seizures (41.2%), and altered sensorium (70.6%). The mean duration of fever was 6.57 days, eight children (7%) had persistent fever for >14 days duration. Other complications reported were hepatitis 2 (4.3%), hepatosplenomegaly in 18 (38.3%) acute respiratory distress syndrome 2 (4.3%), and shock 31 (66%). The mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein, glucose, and cell count was 65.75±9.27 mg/dL, 45.00±7.23 mg/dL, and 65.94±52.72 cells/mm3 of CSF, respectively, with lymphocyte count of more than 96% in all cases. Most patients had lymphocytic pleocytosis and the mean lymphocyte percentage was 96.2%±4.5%. Out of all 47 patients, 45 (84.61%) patients recovered with appropriate antibiotics in both groups, while two (15.38%) patients expired in the group without meningitis.
Conclusion: A high degree of suspicion and knowledge of the geographical distribution of Rickettsial diseases is crucial for its early diagnosis and favorable outcome. Scrub typhus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of aseptic meningitis.


Although the Web allows for flexible learning, research has found that online students tend to lack focus, willingness to participate, confidence, and discipline. This study thus attempts to promote Web-based self-regulated learning from the social cognitive perspective, which emphasizes the interactions among personal, behavioral, and environmental influences.

This study has identified the most significant factors for personal, behavioral, and environmental influences in the social cognitive model of self-regulated learning, and also applied this model to the development of the NetPorts web-based learning system. NetPorts, in turn, allows us to empirically analyze the interactions between the aforementioned factors. Our Web-based findings support the social cognitive view of self-regulated learning: students who hold higher levels of motivation apply more effective strategies, and respond more appropriately to environmental demands, in the Web-based learning environment. These findings also further validate the application of the social cognitive model to Web-based learning through the NetPorts.


PURPOSE: The aim of the study presented here was to evaluate the putative cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of two mixed ligand iron (II, III) complexes containing Mannich base N,N'-bis(4-antipyrylmethyl)-piperazine (BAMP) and pyridine (py, C5H5N) as a co-ligand. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following permanent cell lines were used as experimental models in our investigations: LSCC-SF-Mc29 (chicken hepatoma); LSR-SF-SR (rat sarcoma) and 8 MGBA (human glioblastoma multiforme). The influence of the compounds on cell viability and proliferation was examined by neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay and colony-forming method. RESULTS: The results obtained revealed that the examined mixed ligand iron complexes express low cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities when applied at concentrations of 10-200 µg/ml for 24 to 48 h. Tested independently, the ligand BAMP was no or very low toxic at the concentrations examined. CONCLUSION: Based on their sensitivity to the toxic effects of the tested compounds, the cell lines used in our experiments are graded as follows: LSCC-SF(Mc29) > LSR-SF(SR) > 8 MGBA.


Introduction: Chemotherapy associated osteoporosis is a severe problem in patients with malignant diseases as it increases the risk for fractures and deteriorates quality of life. There are very limited data in the literature for the effect of chemotherapy on bone metabolism of adult patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Thus, there is lack of formal recommendation regarding bone investigations at baseline or prophylactic bone management during treatment administration. The aim of this study was to perform a thorough assessment of bone remodeling in newly diagnosed patients with NHL, prior and post chemotherapy administration, to provide insight on the mechanisms of bone loss in these patients.
 Methods : Patients with NHL who received frontline treatment were eligible for participation in this study. Exclusion criteria included patients with lymphoma bone-involvement or with known osteoporosis under medication, previous bone fractures, BMD T-scores <-2.0, creatinine clearance <60 mL/min, prior bisphosphonate or significant steroid use for other medical reasons, dental and endocrine problems, metabolic bone diseases and previous radiotherapy to lumbar spine. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L1-L4, antero-posterior view), and femoral neck (FN) was measured on day 1 of cycle 1 (baseline) and on day 30 post the last cycle of chemotherapy. The following serum markers of bone remodeling were measured on samples collected on the days of DXA in NHL patients and in 44 healthy controls of similar age and gender, using ELISA methodology: (i) osteoclast regulators [sRANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG)]; (ii) osteoblast regulators [dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin-D]; (iii) bone resorption markers: NTX, CTX, and TRACP-5b; and (iii) bone formation markers [bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP) and osteocalcin (OC)].
 Results: Sixty-one newly diagnosed patients with NHL were prospectively enrolled: 42 (68.9%) patients had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 6 (9.8 %) follicular lymphoma (grade III), 4 (6.6%) mantle-cell lymphoma, 7 (11.5%) marginal-zone lymphoma and 2 (3.3%) T-cell NHL. Fifty-four patients (88.5%) received R-CHOP (47 every 21 days and 7 every 14 days), 4 (6.6%) received R-CVP and 3 (4.9%) CHOP as first-line therapy. At baseline, NHL patients had a median T-score of L1-L4 BMD of -0.71 (range -4.27 to +4.36) and of FN BMD of -0.79 (-4.01 to +2.49). The administration of chemotherapy resulted in a dramatic reduction of BMD in L1-L4 (median T-score: -1.12; range -4.49 to +4.34; p=0.001 and median T-score of the lumbar vertebra with the major loss: median T score -1.45; range: -4.84 to +29; p=0.001) and in FN BMD (median T-score: -0.95; range: -3.68 to +2.12; p=0.0001) compared to baseline values. The reduction of L1-L4 BMD post-chemotherapy and of vertebrae BMD with major loss was more profound in males than in females (p=0.001) and in patients of >55 years compared to all others (p=0.0001). Patients who received 8 cycles of chemotherapy had a greater reduction of L1-L4 (p=0.0001), of vertebra with major loss (p=0.003) and of FN (p=0.0001) BMD compared to patients who received 6 cycles of chemotherapy. This reduction was irrespective of the NHL stage (I/II vs. III/IV). At baseline, patients had decreased levels of OC (0.6 vs. 10.4 ng/ml in controls; p=0.001) and increased levels of TRACP-5b (1.82 vs. 1.52 U/L in controls; p=0.005), with no other alterations in bone markers studied. The administration of chemotherapy resulted in a dramatic increase of markers of bone resorption, CTX (6.93 vs. 0.6 ng/ml, p=0.008) and TRACP-5b (2.78 vs. 1.82 U/L; p=0.0001). Markers of bone formation and Dkk-1 were also increased: bALP (26.2 vs. 19.0 U/L; p=0.0001), OC (18.6 vs. 0.6 ng/mL; p=0.0001) and Dkk-1 (192.2 vs. 166.5 pg/mL, p=0.005 and), respectively. There was a greater increase of CTX (p=0.04), sRANKL/OPG (p=0.015), TRACP-5b (p=0-.03), bALP (p=0.003) and OC (p<0.0001) in patients who received 8 cycles of chemotherapy compared to all others. During study period, one patient had a pathological fracture in his right FN.
 Conclusions : Our study suggests that first-line chemotherapy (immuno-chemotherapy for the vast majority of patients) results in high bone turnover, which leads to increased bone loss and reduced BMD of L1-L4 and FN in NHL patients. These patients should benefit from the prophylactic use of bone-targeted agents, i.e. bisphosphonates, denosumab or romosozumab.

 Terpos: Amgen: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria; Genesis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Medison: Honoraria. Vassilakopoulos:Roche: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene / GenesisPharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; WinMedica: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Makras:Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Glaxo: Honoraria; Eli-Lilly: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Leo: Honoraria; Genesis: Honoraria; UCB: Honoraria. Angelopoulou:Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene / GenesiaPharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; MSD: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Panayiotidis:Bayer: Other: Support of clinical trial. Dimopoulos:Sanofi Oncology: Research Funding.


Objective To explore the effect of early minimal enteral nutrition after cardiopulmonary resuscitation on neonatal asphyxia.Methods 60 full term normal-delivered newborns with asphyxiated were selected,They were divided into rule feeding group(29 cases) and minimal enteral nutritional group(31 cases) according to odevity of admission number.We recorded their length of stay,time of reaching fully oral feeding,the levels of serum total bilirubin and protein S100B recorded on 7 d after birth.Results The length of stay,time of reaching fully oral feeding and the levels of serum total bilirubin of minimal enteral nutritional group were lower than that of the rule feeding group.The difference had statistical significance(P0.05).But the levels of serum protein S100B showed no significant difference between the rule feeding group and minimal enteral nutritional group(P0.05).Conclusion Early minimal enteral nutrition may contribute to recovery after cardiopulmonary resuscitation on neonatal asphyxia.


Haptic devices have been highly valued in virtual training environments in the medical field. Nevertheless, the principal challenges to develop these environments are the complexity to model the vi...


We report the self-assembly of achiral triphenylamine molecules with different numbers of hydrogen bonding sites. The supramolecular chirality was controlled by the symmetry breaking effect of circularly polarized light (CPL) occurring in the nucleation step. As the number of hydrogen bonding sites increased, the stability of supramolecular helices increased, and reversible transformation of the right-and left-handed helices by CPL became feasible only with aid of ultra-sonication. In contrast, triphenylamine molecules without hydrogen bonding sites did not undergo light-induced self-assembly.


Methanolic
extract of the leaves of Bridelia stipularis was studied. From this study, we isolated three
known flavonoids. They were identified as 7-O-methyl luteolin, apigenin and
5, 7, 2', 5' tetrahydroxyflavone by NMR spectroscopic studies. All of them are first
time documented for this plant. Different solvent fractions were subjected to in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies.
Both apigenin and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Bridelia stipularis showed strong antioxidant activity having IC50 value of 8.005, 8.77 μg/mL respectively. Chloroform soluble fraction of Bridelia stipularis exerted the highest toxicity to brine shrimp
and petroleum ether soluble fraction showed moderate toxicity having LC50 value of 1.05, 1.71 μg/mL respectively.


An 11 month field experiment was set out to investigate evidence of burrow re-use by
Lumbricus terrestris. This was established in a temperate, broadleaved woodland and involved
removal of adult L. terrestris from 12, 1 m2 plots, with subsequent monitoring of re-colonisation.
The spatial distribution and duration of L. terrestris middens was examined statistically. These
observations suggest that L. terrestris burrows could be recycled or inherited. Such behaviour
could be a means of minimising energy expenditure for burrow construction or due to a
preference for a more favourable microenvironment in the drilosphere. Although evidence of
burrow re-use is presented, the limitations of the experimental work are noted.


The potential energy surface for the reaction between CH2NH and CCl2 has been investigated using ab initio methods. We have performed geometry optimizations at the MP2/6-31G* level of theory and single point calculations at the MP4(SDQ)/6-311++G** level. The reaction step for ylide formation has a free energy of activation predicted to be 5.0 kcal mol–1. The parallel 1,2-cycloaddition reaction has a calculated free energy barrier of 16.5 kcal mol–1, indicating that this second pathway is not competitive with ylide formation. The structure of the azomethine ylide formed in the first reaction step is similar to that found for the ylide resulting from the reaction of methylene with ammonia and corresponds to a dipolar species. This is highly unstable and rearranges to its more stable isomer, the biradical azomethine ylide, which has a structure similar to the corresponding carbonyl ylide. This species has a free energy barrier to ring closure calculated to be 21.2 kcal mol–1, so it has reasonable kinetic stability. The resulting aziridine has a free energy of 24.1 kcal mol–1 lower than the biradical azomethine ylide, and the activation free energy of ring opening is calculated to be 45.3 kcal mol–1.