MATERNAL DISSOCIATION, EMOTIONAL ACCEPTANCE, AND CHILD EMOTION REGULATION: A STUDY OF RESIDENTS IN A FAMILY HOMELESS SHELTER FOR VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE by Brian Mueller Adviser: Professor Margaret Rosario The present study examined the relationships between maternal dissociation, mothers' self-described parenting behaviors in child emotion regulation, and the emotion regulatory capacity of their children. These relationships were investigated in a sample of predominately low-income African-American and Latino mothers and children residing in a domestic violence shelter. In this study, I investigated a mediational model relating maternal dissociation, mother's acceptance of child emotions, and child difficulties in emotion regulation and behavior. I predicted that mothers who reported more dissociative experiences would demonstrate less awareness and acceptance of emotions when they responded to children's sadness, fear, happiness, and anger. I also predicted that the children of those mothers with more dissociation would experience more difficulties with emotion regulation and behavior problems. Finally, I predicted that mothers who demonstrated more emotional acceptance would have children with fewer emotional and behavioral problems, and that emotional acceptance would mediate the relationship between maternal dissociation and child emotional and behavioral problems. Results provided support for two of the three relationships present in the model, but not for the mediational model as a whole. Mothers who reported more dissociation demonstrated less acceptance of their children's emotions. Mothers with more dissociation also reported more intervention when their children were upset or disruptive, an indicator of child emotion


We use micromagnetic simulations to demonstrate that spin waves can perform optically inspired, non-Boolean computing algorithms. We propose and design coherent spin-wave sources and phase shifters, which act akin to the key components of an optical signal processing system. We show that the functionality of the proposed on-chip spin-wave based signal processing system is similar to known optical computing devices. We argue that such computing system can serve as a practical, energy efficient, and integrated component of nanoscale image processing systems.


The disposition effect,the tendency of investors holding losing investments too long and selling winning investments too soon,is a pervasive non-rational behavior of investors in capital market.In the market that is full of investors subject to PT/MA,stocks have higher average returns and volatility,which implicates that this irrational behavior will result in the market fluctuation and price bubble.In addition,some research shows that this effect causes PEAD(post earning announcement drift) and price momentum.Fama contended that these two capital market anomalies are really threatened,persistent and stable market anomalies to the efficient market hypothesis.Therefore,the research on the disposition effect is the root of the problem.


Opened in 2014, the PortMiami Tunnel in Miami, Florida, provides direct access between the port and two interstate highways. This article considers the impact of the tunnel on truck traffic and truck speeds in downtown Miami. The before-and-after analysis was done using GIS data and revealed that downtown Miami saw a decline in truck traffic from 2013 to 2015 while nearby interstates saw an increase, as planned. Travel speed data show that a significant decrease in speed occurred on I-95, I-395, and the MacArthur Causeway eastbound but significant increases were observed on nearby arterials.


We present extensions of rigidity estimates and of Korn's inequality to the setting of (mixed) variable exponents growth. The proof techniques, based on a classical covering argument, rely on the log-H\"older continuity of the exponent to get uniform regularity estimates on each cell of the cover, and on an extension result \`a la Nitsche in Sobolev spaces with variable exponents. As an application, by means of $\Gamma$-convergence we perform a passage from nonlinear to linearized elasticity under variable subquadratic energy growth far from the energy well.


Objective To reconstruct the tissue engineered skin with HaCaT cells and melanocytes on rat tail tendon collagen gel support in vitro.Methods HaCaT cells and melanocytes were combined to rat tail tendon collagen,which then were cultured in the medium for 3 d and at the air-liquid interface for 10 d.Morphology and histology of the tissue engineered skin during different culture stages were examined with HE staining,and immuno-histo-chemical staining for S100 was conducted to analyze the distribution of melanocytes.Results As time goes by,the cell layer became thicker and thicker,and could reach 12~15 cell layers till the end of culture;Moreover,the tissue engineered skin was pigmented and the tanning degree was getting stronger.The melanins were distributed widely in histology and S-100 positive cells,the melanocytes,were distributed uniformly in the basal layer.Conclusion Reconstruction of the tissue engineered skin with HaCaT cells and melanocytes on rat tail tendon collagen gel support in vitro was successful,which was useful for studying the phototoxicity testing based on tissue engineered skin.


This paper has analysed the current situation of college English teachers' vocational development and reflective teaching's origin and development,emphasized the necessity and importance of reflective teaching to college English teachers' vocational development and produced some channels and methods to carry out reflective teaching.


This paper introduces the design and implementation of communication-supported engine based on ElaMD Flame.E- laMD (Elastos Mobile Device Development) is a frame for the development of embedded devices,especially for mobile devices. Communication-supported engine is placed in the platform of MDGP (Mobile Development General Engine Package).As a Com- ponent,communication-supported engine provides communication and control services for applications placed in the superstra- tum of smart mobile phones.The engine is easy to be called and has strong practicability.According to the discussion in this es- say,it can greatly improve the adaptation of applications and provide technical support to the development of 3G mobile applica- tions.


The article describes the methodology of calculation of the equipment of telescopic
loader-manipulator and strength's calculation of its arrow, as well as the example of calculation
for model JCB 540-140.


Based on a national survey of 372 adoptive families, the authors compare and contrast the long-term adjustments of Colombian, Korean, and Afro-American transracial adoptees with those of in-racially adopted whites. After adoptees had been in their adoptive homes for at least six years, the results showed that the adolescent and school-aged transracial adoptees were no more poorly adjusted than their in-racially adopted counterparts. This study provides additional confirmation of the utility of transracial placement as an effective policy option for homeless minority children.


In the fields of wastewater treatment planning, institutional and governance aspects are sometimes emphasised in developing and middle-developed countries. This paper summarises some important technical issues for the stakeholders of municipal wastewater treatment and water environment management. Pollutant removal efficiencies at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important but effluent water quality is sometimes emphasised. To achieve high pollutant removal efficiencies, maintaining a certain level of pollutant concentrations in the influent, or "Not Too Little" pollutant, is necessary. The second point is pollutant discharge from the river catchment should be "Not Too Much". Excess and rapid pollutant discharge increase in the catchment results in high costs and lengthy time periods for the river water environment to recover the original water environment conditions. The third point is that developing and middle-developed countries can use a "shortcut" or technological bypass by use of existing hard and soft measures to facilitate environmental improvements. This can be done with appropriate financial mechanisms. Pollutant discharge per capita (PDC) and pollutant load per capita flowing into water body (PLCwb) are effective and efficient indicators that can be used to address these three concepts.


Additional symmetry properties of the ground state of an atom and quantities related with it, of the configuration with two open shells with the same orbital quantum number, and of the maximal Auger amplitudes are considered. Algebraic energy expressions for terms of the highest multiplicity and terms related with them as well as for the ground and highest levels are presented. Classification of states for the n 1 l N1 n 2 l N2 configuration according to their parentage in the isoelectronic sequence of configurations and the properties of such a basis are considered. Reformulation of this basis using the isospin formalism is discussed. Existence of selection rules for the maximal Auger amplitudes is indicated.


Abstract: Recommender system are systems which provide you with a similar type of products or solutions and results, you are looking for. For example, if you go to a Clothing shop, you ask for a T-shirt with different designs or different colors, Then the shopkeeper recommends you with different colors. This recommending task for websites is done by recommending systems. A recommendation engine uses several algorithms to filter data and then recommends the most relevant items to consumers. A Movie Recommender system will recommend the most relevant and connected movie for the given category of search, if a user visits a movie site for the first time, the site will have no previous history of that user. In such cases, the user can search for their movie recommendations based on genre, year of release, director or actor and their favorite movie itself to get a new movie recommendation. Keywords: Movie Recommendation Systems, Content-Based Filtering, Movie recommendation, machine learning project


(57) Abstract: The present invention is particularly, nitrogen oxides prepared from ammonia and oxygen by catalytic combustion, for this case, catalytic combustion to produce nitrogen oxides from ammonia and oxygen, at least one the first using a catalyst system comprising a catalyst net and at least one second catalyst net, this time, at least one first catalyst net is a platinum-rhodium, at least one of the second and subsequent catalyst net, palladium rhodium net accounts for 2-4 wt% rhodium, provides a method and apparatus for reducing the nitrous oxide.


The professional of Executive Secretariat is key-piece inside of the organization, due to the flexibility of its profile attributions and competences. That study presents a reflection on the techniques and human competences that the precise professional to have to be capable to that the organizations wait and they need in a market competitive more and more. But it is important that the professional understands its role and assume for itself the responsibility to develop and to improve characteristics that compose its profile, as flexibility, creativity, leadership, dynamism, initiative, efficiency, description, cooperation, ethics, patience, taking of decision, among another. Front to that can be affirmed that the Professional of Executive Secretariat is multifunctional and versatile.


IncurvariapirinellaJunnilainen, Kaitila & Mutanen,sp. nov.is described from Bulgaria based on specimens collected by netting and artificial light from several low-elevation localities in Bulgaria. The species is morphologically and genetically most similar toI.triglavensisHauder, 1912. Differences between these two species are present in external appearance and genitalia of both sexes. Additionally,I.pirinellashows a distance of 4.74% to its nearest neighbourI.triglavensisin the standard DNA barcoding marker (COI-5P). We provide preliminary observations of phylogenetic affinities of EuropeanIncurvariaand briefly discuss habitat preferences of some species. All species have distinct barcodes with minimum K2P divergences between species averaging 7.05% (range 1.2–12.8%). A world checklist ofIncurvariaHaworth, 1828 is provided and DNA barcodes for all European species are here released. Finally, we document morphological variation in male genitalia withinI.triglavensisHauder, 1912.


Degradation and microcracking in hygrothermal cycling environments seen by advanced systems are problems for composite materials. The problems are complex, in both their physical mechanisms and in the analysis and testing necessary to understand them. An existing understanding of degradation mechanisms, founded on mechanism-based models, is used here to simulate the response of composite laminates to two aspects of a typical use environment: moisture cycling that affects only thin layers near the surface and edges of exposed laminates, and thermal cycles that affect the entire laminate. In each case, results of models are compared to existing data, and, via parametric analyses, the models are used to design tests to accelerate the degradation.


The General Medical Council's decision to bar a leading consultant paediatrician, David Southall, from child protection work for three years is to be challenged as "unduly lenient" in the high court by the healthcare professions' watchdog, the Council for Healthcare Regulatory Excellence (CHRE).

Professor Southall was found guilty of serious professional misconduct after he accused Stephen Clark of murdering his two infant sons on the basis of seeing …


Sometimes, for example if a property is empty and in a state of disrepair, the Council may offer improvement grants or loans to private landlords.


The invention discloses a control clicking event processing method and system. The method comprises the following steps: when a control receives a clicking event by a user, a coordinate (x0, y0) relative to a control origin at the clicking position is acquired; whether the control has an animation effect is judged; when the control has the animation effect, the coordinate (x0, y0) relative to the control origin at the clicking position is converted into a coordinate (x, y) relative to a bitmap origin through matrix inverse transformation; whether the coordinate (x, y) relative to the bitmap origin at the clicking position is in a bitmap area is judged, if yes, whether the pixel value of the coordinate at the clicking position is 0 is judged, and a response to the clicking event is conducted when the pixel value of the coordinate at the clicking position is not 0.


Similar to the events that occurred two years earlier in Benghazi, the crews of the four Mirage 2000Ds that took off on the evening of 11 January 2013 from Chad inbound for Kona in central Mali knew that they were about to conduct a mission that needed to stop the jihadist offensive to secure Bamako, the capital of Mali, and its population. This time, they were not alone because French special forces were already on the battlefield, ready to bring their firepower to bear. French military forces intended to prevent jihadist fighters from creating a caliphate in Mali. They also knew that suppressing any jihadist activity there would be another challenge—a more political one intended to remove the arrows from the jihadists' hands. By answering the call for assistance from the Malian president to prevent jihadists from raiding Bamako and creating a radical Islamist state, French president Francois Hollande consented to engage his country in the Sahel to fight jihadists. Within a week, Operation Serval had put together a joint force that stopped the jihadist offensive and retook the initiative. Within two months, the French-led coalition had liberated the entire Malian territory after destruction of jihadist strongholds in the Adrar des Ifoghas by displaying a strategy that surprised both the coalition's enemies and its allies. On 31 July 2014, this first chapter of the war on terror in the Sahel officially closed with a victory and the attainment of all objectives at that time. This initial success in the struggle against terrorists in the Sahel is explained by adherence to three main strategic principles: (1) clear political direction shaped at the


Objective:To investigate the effect of Wenxin Keli on symptoms of arrhythmia and its safety in elderly patients.Methods:90 patients aged 65 or older were studied.All of the patients were randomly divided into treatment group(Wenxin Keli,n=60)and control group(Propafenone,n=30).Symptoms related to arrhythmia of cardiovascular disease and laboratory assay for blood routine,hepatic and renal function and monitoring of 24 hours electrocardiogram(Holter)were observed respectively before and after the duration of treatment for 4 weeks.Results:Significant improvement on symptoms related to arrhythmia in gerontal patients was observed.Conclusion:Wenxin Keli treatment may provide clinical benefits with safety in elderly patients with arrhythmia.


In this letter, a surface wave antenna based on the excitation of spoof surface plasmon mode at microwave frequency is proposed and demonstrated experimentally to effectively modulate the far field radiation, by integrating with one‐dimensional subwavelength periodic corrugated grooves. Compared with the traditional surface wave antenna, the far field divergence of this spoof surface plasmon antenna exhibits a remarkable red shift. The numerical simulation and experimental data well accord with the predicted results given by grating scattering theory. Consequently, the surface wave antenna can be achieved with unique function and minimized in size by introducing spoof surface plasmon. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2179–2183, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25462


The representation of upper limb muscles in the motor cortex is complex. It contains areas of excitability that may overlap between muscles. We expected the cortical representations of synergistic muscle pairs to overlap more than those of non-synergistic muscles. To detail this, we used navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation in eight hand and forearm muscles of twenty healthy participants. We transformed the cortical representations of muscles to a template MRI to allow for group analysis. We found that the amount of overlap in cortical representations differed significantly between within-hand and within-forearm muscle combinations. Most synergistic muscle pairs, both within the hand, within the forearm and between them, had a larger overlap than non-synergistic muscle pairs. Our study supports the largely overlapping nature of cortical representations of upper limb muscles. We can particularly underscore that the overlap is elevated in muscles that usually act in a synergistic manner.


The explosive growth of data and data-centric computing places stringent demands on the bandwidth and energy efficiency of data center interconnects, spurring the development of several 400G Ethernet standards [1]. Silicon-photonics-based solutions are of particular interest for low cost 100+Gb/s/λ optical transceivers. Microring modulators (MRMs) can significantly scale the size and power of optical TX (OTX) compared to Mach-Zehnder modulators being used today [2]–[9]. However MRMs suffer from three significant drawbacks that have limited their use in 100+Gb/s optical transceivers: (a) tradeoff between bandwidth and phase efficiency inherent to these resonant modulators, (b) high process and temperature (P/T) sensitivity, and (c) non-linear electro-optic (E-to-O) characteristics. This paper presents a 3D-integrated 112Gb/s PAM-4 OTX with electronic nonlinear pre-distortion (NL-PD) and nonlinear FFE (NL-FFE) to compensate MRM nonlinearity and integrated thermal control (TC) to mitigate P/T sensitivity.


Realism and anti-realism an argument for anti-realism of belief belief and representation the teleological theory of representation the possibility of error universal rationality naturalized epistemology naturalized realism inferential processes relativism, history and scepticism.


The impact of Emile Zola's novel on Lourdes was felt in Portugal even before its publication in France in 1894. The naturalist writer's documentary fiction plucked a central chord in the political and religious debate of the time, particularly the dichotomy between science and religion, the renewal of faith and the legitimacy of the crowd in public spaces. This paper deals with only one aspect of that debate, active in Portugal between 1894 and 1932 – the impact of Zola´s innovative thesis about Lourdes' new religious crowd and 'the crowd's healing power'. The development of the debates shows how Catholic sectors increasingly incorporated the 'crowd' into renewed Catholicism, especially after the Fatima events of 1917, while the liberal bourgeoisie continued to reject the masses.


Part 1 Radical criminology and the twilight of critical judgement: a grammar of modern critique - judgement, criteria and progress radical criminology's judgemental genres of critique amidst the ruins of judgement. Part 2 Governmental critique's logos of Crimen: the art of postmodern critique - a governmental grammar of logos - from whence to speak of Crimen - governmental accusations in the name of crime. Epilogue - ambitions and insinuations.


Prisoners in Her Majesty's (HM) Prison Service establishments who require medical treatment are currently taken under guard to civilian community hospitals. PSDB have investigated various means of increasing the security of these prisoners, especially those regarded as presenting a significant risk of escape. PSDB developed the operational requirement for a mattress based pressure sensor alarm system and oversaw the development of the system by a private company. The system was designed to provide an alarm immediately upon a prisoner vacating a bed onto which the mattress sensor had been placed. The aim was to provide a back up to the staff and restraints already in use. This paper describes the sensor, its development and its application to corrections, law enforcement and other areas.


The major purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of social media usage on adolescents' identity status and academic achievement among school adolescents. Correlational research design was used to address the core objective of the study. A total of 264 grade 10th students (124 male and 140 female) were randomly selected. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were employed to describe data and to analyze relationships among variables respectively while multiple regressions was employed to determine whether sex, age and social media predict academic achievement or not. As a result, the variable sex, age and face book usage found significantly predict academic achievement by about 8.2% (R2 =8.2%, F =7.09 p<0.05). Further, the study found that there were positively significant relationship among face book usage and adolescents' identity status. Therefore, the computed Pearson correlation identified that moratorium identity status of the students correlated with facebook usage with r = .434 at p < .05; identity diffusion correlated with face book usage with r=.354 at p <0.05. Contrary to this, the computed Pearson correlation found negatively significant relationship between face book usage and identity achievement with r = -.104 at p = < 0.05), and between face book and identity foreclosure with r = - 0.89 at p < 0.05). In generally speaking, this study summarized that more than 70% of the adolescents in the study area are facebook users and most of them averagely use about 45 minutes to visit their facebook account per day while their facebook usage has direct relationship with their identity status. Based, on the findings, therefore, it was concluded that social media has both negative and positive influence on the identity status of adolescent and predicts adolescent's CGPA. Hence, stakeholders' due attention is highly needed to monitor the problem and create the way adolescents invest their time for their academic activities instead.


In the research, bank patterns analysis is held on the basis of Kohonen self-organizing maps with the aim to determine further directions of bank strategies development under the influence of crisis events in Ukraine's economy. For model practical approval, the sample of 32 banks was formed, which presents four groups of banks according to the classifica-tion determined by the National Bank of Ukraine. While constructing model, 15 indexes were used that characterize bank's functioning efficiency. As a result of research, cluster ranking was constructed, the groups (powerful banks, stable, problem banks and banks that are in the crisis state and bankrupt state) were formed and the trajectory of bank evolution as a patterns unity, each of which characterizes the activity of bank on a definite moment of time. It gives possibility for the government regulation authority – central bank to take decisions according to the appropriateness use of regulation instruments of separate bank with the aim of saving stable banking system state in a whole, and for the clients – to evaluate bank's reliability.


The kinetics for the thermal degradation of poly (1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) (PCHDT) were evaluated by means of a melt extruder. The effects of temperature, residence time, and oxygen content of the gas blanketing the polymer during storage on degradation of PCHDT were determined. The rate of thermal degradation was measured in terms of the rate of decrease of inherent viscosity and the rate of increase of carboxyl end group concentration.

Residence time, temperature, and their interaction all contributed significantly to the degradation. For the conditions investigated, the oxygen content of the blanketing gas had no measurable effect on degradation. Analysis of the kinetic data yielded equations based on a random chain scission mechanism. These equations enabled the prediction of inherent viscosity and carboxyl end group concentration as functions of temperature and residence time and the inherent viscosity and carboxyl end group concentration of the original polymer. The activation energies for decrease in inherent viscosity and increase in carboxyl end group concentration of poly (1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) were determined as 38.7 kcal/mole, respectively.


Artemisinin drugs remain the mainstay of falciparum malaria control globally. Ring‐stage survival assay (RSA) is a simple new method that can be used for detecting artemisinin resistance, thus this study aims to determine ex‐vivo parasite susceptibility to dihydroartemisinin and its correlation with in‐vivo parasite response to artemisinin combinations in an endemic area of Nigeria. Using the simple and sensitive ring‐stage survival assay (RSA), 50 parasite isolates from patients with malaria were exposed to DHA concentrations for 6 hours and ring stage survival was determined by microscopy within 72hours of drug exposure. In‐vivo parasite clearance was compared with parasite survival in matched patient samples. Parasitemia cleared rapidly within 24hours (mean 22.4 ± 0.2h) in all subjects. There was a dose‐dependent growth inhibition in drug‐exposed plates, and ring‐stage growth inhibition correlated positively with parasite clearance rates in all samples (r = 0.97, p<0.0001). P. falciparum isolates from this endemic area show sensitivity to artemisinin drugs both in‐vivo and ex‐vivo. The RSA method has potential to detect declines in parasite responses to artemisinins and can be used for continuous monitoring of responses especially in areas where resistance has not emerged.


We study properties of polarons and excitons confined to a potential generated in a planar semiconductor heterostructure of the $Ga_{1-x}Al_{x}As/GaAs/Ga_{1-x}Al_{x}As$ type. In contrast with results of other authors peaks are found for the exciton energy and the polaron effective mass as functions of the potential width while the polaron energy reveals rather monotonous behavior.


Signal subspace spectral estimation algorithms are, by design, highly sensitive to differences between assumed source observation models and actual source observations. In spatial spectral estimation, where observations are derived from different array elements and are a function of various source propagation and observation parameters, accurate source modeling is often not possible. As a result, when incorrect values of model parameters are assumed, signal subspace algorithm performance is degraded. In this paper, an approach for incorporating robustness to assumed model parameter values is investigated. The approach is based on: 1) a representation of rank-1 sources in an low-rank subspace; and 2) a signal subspace projection algorithm suggested by Schmidt. In addition to providing robustness to certain types of parameter variations, the approach provides a computationally efficient way of searching through some multidimensional parameter spaces.


The main purpose in this research is the recent phenomenon of "Green products" or environment-friendly products and its overall impact on the customers understanding, preference, attitude, buying behaviour, and their purchase decision about eco-friendly products. Along with independent and dependent variable, socio-demographic characteristics like age, gender, and educational background are taken as moderator to carry out this research. A theoretical framework is made which is supported by the literature review of the past researches. Respondents belong to 3 major cities of Saudi Arabia and total respondents were 245. Different tests have been conducted to analyze the data using SPSS 20. The methodology used for this research is analytical research methodology. Results show the significant relationship between dependent and independent variables. Purchasing of green commodities is the act of adding Environmental benchmark to other standards like price and quality while making the purchase decision. This support the findings of this study that Green products and Green marketing practices have a positive impact on consumers purchase intention of these products. Also, a positive relationship is found between green products and the perception of green products and green buying decision. Demographic Characteristics (Age, Gender and Qualification) enhances and strengthens the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Recommendations and suggestions are offered for the prevailing and new enterprises that help them to improve and promote green marketing practices by investing in corporate social responsibility and advertisement as well. Additional studies are required to extend the scope of this research in other areas and fields of green marketing.


Abstract Dried whey was added at 0, 1, and 10% to first cutting chopped alfalfa hay. The material was reconstituted with approximately 50% water and ensiled in experimental silos. Addition of whey increased lactic acid, decreased acetic acid, and reduced pH of the hay silages. Characteristics of desirable fermentation were usually best in 10% whey-treated hay silages. Acid-detergent fiber, cell wall contents, and cellulose were lower in hay silages treated with whey. No differences in fiber nitrogen were among treatments. Results of a digestion trial with four Holstein steers indicated apparent digestibilities of dry matter, ether extract, energy, cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose increased with whey addition. Whey also increased digestibilities of cell wall contents and ash. Digestibilities were generally highest for 10% whey-treated hay silage, except cellulose digestibility was highest for 1% whey. Digestibility of protein in hay silages was not influenced by whey treatment.


The aim of this work was to find how medicinal plants play an important role as source of new bioactive molecules. To evaluate the antifungal activity of 10 medicinal plants from northeastern Brazil, traditionally used as anti-infective agents. The activity of 30 crude extracts (water; ethanol:water, 1:1; acetone:water, 1:1) against four standard species of Candida yeasts (Candida albicans ATCC 90028, Candida dubliniensis ATCC 7289, Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 and Candida krusei ATCC 6258) was investigated by the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), using the microdilution method and the working range used was from 1.95 to 1000 μg/mL. Extracts from leaves of Eugenia uniflora (Myrtaceae), stem bark of Caesalpinia ferrea (Caesalpinaceae) and leaves of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) showed significant activity against all yeasts evaluated. The best antifungal activities were achieved against C. glabrata and C. krusei by E. uniflora extract (MIC = 15.62) and followed by extracts from C. ferrea and P. guajava (MIC ranged from 15.62 to 250 µg/mL). E. uniflora also showed fungicidal properties against all yeasts, especially against Candida dubliniensis. This study identified plant species that may be candidates for the development of alternative treatments for candidiasis.

 Key words: Antifungal activity, candidiasis, medicinal plants, crude extracts, fungicide, northeastern Brazil.


A three-step model of the transitional phase inversion (TPI) process for the formation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions is presented. Three types of emulsions exist in an emulsification process at different oil–water ratios and hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB). A stable W/O emulsion was obtained using Sorbitan oleate (Span 80) and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) with a specified HLB and oil volume fraction. Oil was added into water, which contained the water-soluble surfactant, to dissolve the oil-soluble surfactant. This route allowed TPI to occur, and an interesting emulsification process was observed by varying the HLB, which corresponded to the change in the oil–water ratio. Two types of emulsions in the emulsification process were found: transition emulsion 1 (W/O/W high internal phase emulsion) and target emulsion 2 (W/O emulsion with low viscosity). This study describes the changes that occurred in the emulsification process. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The invention discloses a planetary type dual-mode petrol-electric parallel and serial hybrid power system. The problem that a parallel and serial hybrid power system requires a large motor is solved. The planetary type dual-mode petrol-electric parallel and serial hybrid power system comprises an engine, a first motor, a dual-clutch, a second motor, an output shaft, a front planet raw and a rear planet raw, wherein the front planet raw sleeves the right end of an output shaft of the engine; a right end of a gear ring of the front planet row sleeves the left end of the output shaft; the dual-clutch sleeves the right end of the output shaft; the left end of a left pressure plate of the dual-clutch is connected with the right end of the gear ring of the front planet row via a spline pair; the second motor is arranged on the output shaft on the right side of the dual-clutch; the rear planet row is arranged on the output shaft on the right side of the second motor; the right end of a shaft sleeve of the dual-clutch is connected with the left end of the second motor via a spline pair; the right end of the second motor is connected with the left end of a sun gear of the rear planet row via a spline pair; the first motor sleeves the output shaft, which is arranged on the left side of the front planet row, of the engine; and the right end of the first motor is connected with the left end of a sun gear in the front planet row via a spline pair.


A new kind of true triaxial apparatus is introduced.To simulate the loading process of core wall element under the dam construction process,true triaxial tests on clay mixed with gravel soil were carried out under complex stress state,which can simulate the practical stress path to some extent.It was found that even for single axial load applied from the major principal stress direction,because of the influence of initial complex stress state,the stress induced anisotropy effects are remarkable.There are different relationships between stress and strain in different principal stresses directions.Based on the testing results,it is suggested that when carrying out the numerical analysis of dam,the stress induced anisotropy should be taken into consideration,so as to reasonably describe the practical behaviors of the core and the whole dam body under three dimensional complex stress states.


A lot of health issues like low back pain, digestive disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders are caused as a result of the whole body vibrations induced by automobiles. This paper is concerned with the enhancement and optimization of suspension performance by using factorial methods of Design of Experiments, a nonderivative method. It focuses on the optimization of ride comfort and determining the parameters which affect the suspension behavior significantly as per the guidelines stated in ISO 2631-1:1997 standards. A quarter car test rig integrated with a LabVIEW based data acquisition system was developed to understand the real time behavior of a vehicle. In the pilot experiment, only three primary suspension parameters, that is, spring-stiffness, damping, and sprung mass, were considered and the full factorial method was implemented for the purpose of optimization. But the regression analysis of the data obtained rendered a very low goodness of fit which indicated that other parameters are likely to influence the response. Subsequently, steering geometry angles, camber and toe and tire pressure, were included in the design. Fractional factorial method with six factors was implemented to optimize ride comfort. The resultant optimum combination was then verified on the test rig with high correlation.


The effect of varied steady-state storage conditions on the in vitro protein quality of a 70:30 (w/w %) cowpea and corn flour blend was examined. Losses of FDNB-reactive lysine due to Maillard browning reactions were best described by a first-order model with rate constants ranging from 8.9 × 10-3 wk-1 for storage at 25°C and aw of 0.55 to 25.9 × 10-3 wk-1 for storage at 55°C and aw of 0.65. Browning pigment production was best described by a zero-order model. A linear effect of temperature increase on the rates of lysine loss was observed in the statistical model. Implications for storage of products with similar compositions are discussed.


Most of the laboratory activities that my students conduct involve measuring. In some qualitative labs, accuracy and precision aren't essential. But in many--such as those involving stoichiometry and percent yield, energy and heat, gas behavior, and so on--accurate and precise data is extremely important. A measurement can only be as precise as the instrument with which it is made. A good scientist must express the level of precision of a measurement and not just its accuracy (see box, p. 20). Reproducibility, a quality of good lab work, depends upon this. Scientists choose instruments with comparable levels of precision to get results similar to those of other scientists. Likewise, calculations or data analysis using accurate and precise measurements minimize absolute and percent error. [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] When I started teaching, I assumed most 10th-grade chemistry students would have previously used common measuring devices, such as metric rulers, graduated cylinders, thermometers, and triple beam balances. In truth, many have not. Even those experienced with these tools often do not read the equipment accurately and precisely. So I started training students in measurement, typically during the first weeks of school, to help them in the chemistry lab and with all future scientific endeavors. Once mastered on a single metric device, measuring correctly can be translated to other devices. Metric rulers I start with a simple formative assessment involving a standard metric ruler and an index card. Students measure the length of the index card and must write the measurement on their cards, using the correct units. I usually challenge students by saying I have never had a student measure the cards correctly (which is true). Naturally, they are suspicious; but, invariably, they all record values such as 12.7 cm or 12.8 cm. Imagine their disappointment when I tell them they aren't quite correct. While such measurements are reasonable, they don't achieve the precision of their measuring instruments. We discuss the concepts of accuracy and precision before I reveal the correct value: 12.70 cm (notice the added decimal place). Students try again, this time measuring and recording the width and diagonal of the card. Triple-beam balance In a single 41-minute class period, we review the concepts of accuracy, precision, and significant figures, along with reading a ruler. We compare ruler markings to those on the triple-beam balance, then students move to the laboratory in groups of two. Each pair shares a triple-beam balance. Their task is to weigh each of 10 random objects of various masses and record their masses in data tables. I circulate to check their measurements for accuracy, precision, and correct units. I also encourage them to discuss their findings with their partners. Occasionally, I must reinstruct and model the correct procedures for weighing an object and reading the balance. Sometimes, the partners record different answers, which leads to a discussion about measurement error, but often they differ only in the last digit of their measurements. Estimating the last digit can be confusing (answers with different estimated final digits are all correct, however). To demonstrate proficiency, each student must weigh a miscellaneous item in my presence with correct technique, recording the answer with the correct number of digits in the correct units. Then I sign off on their sheets, indicating they are adept at reading balances. Thermometers and graduated cylinders This same type of training occurs for use of thermometers and graduated cylinders, though these trainings are done in combination with other skill sets, as well, including graphing by hand and using spreadsheets to create curves and lines of best fit. …


Gardner's the theory of multiple intelligence focuses on the individual potential development,which has become the important guiding principle and theoretical foundation of education and teaching reform since 1990's in many western countries.Applying the multiple intelligence theoretical to analyzing our country's education problem,is crucial and rewarding for establishing our scientific attitude towards students and teaching,especially for setting up a scientific view on teaching appraisal.The points of teaching appraisal based on the theory of multiple intelligences: multiplication of appraisal project;situation of appraisal content;diversity of appraisal method;multiplication of appraisal subject and target.


A surgical instrument comprising: a handle portion (112); a body portion (140) extending distally from the handle portion and defining a first longitudinal axis, the body portion having a distal end adapted to releasably applied to a plurality of types of loading unit; and a sensor tube (360) positioned movably within the body portion, the sensor tube adapted to engage each of the plurality of types of load unit and to move a predetermined distance in response thereto being; characterized by a sensor (370) of variable load unit adapted to determine a type of a loading unit engaged with the body portion based on the predetermined distance in the sensor tube that has been displaced.


Background: Child sexual assault presents a major challenge to the society that is supposed to be protective. This has both short and long-term health implications for the child.
Objectives: This is to highlight the presence of child sexual assault in our society, its associated complications and to proffer ways of preventing its occurrence in our society.
Methods: A case report of third degree perineal tear following sexual assault in a minor that presented with vaginal bleeding.
Results: The third degree perineal tear was repaired after resuscitation. There was no incontinence of flatus and faeces post repair.
Conclusion: Child sexual abuse is present in our society and may be associated with severe injury. Prompt management of injuries is very important in preventing long term effects.

 Keywords: Perineal tear, sexual assault, minor.

Afrimedic Journal 2010; 1(1): 37-38


Abstract It seemed to be a simple question: 'No doubt there must be a noticeable ecclesiastical influence on the birth of the secular legislation concerning suicide. Are you prepared to give an overview in just 20 minutes?' The organisers of the colloquium were aware of the existence of a little guide to the sources of Medieval Learned Law and consequently they approached the author of that little guide. Soon, however, the first problem arose: where to start? Do you know a Latin noun meaning suicide? My Dutch–Latin dictionary gives only the verb: sibi mortem consciscere, which does not exactly open the gates to the sources, nor does the term manus sibi inferre. The dictionaries of Albericus, Brissonius and Calvinus suggest the word mors as a starting point, but the expression mors voluntaria seems to be used only in C. 6.22.2 and in Lactantius, Epitome 34. It is only in the seventeenth century that the substantive autochereia was coined, but the Bibliotheca realis by Lipenius and Jenichen does not refer to the earliest Canonists. Again: where to start? I am pleased to report my discoveries.


Phenylephrine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic with expressed local vasoconstrictor effect. Its ability to reduce swelling and hyperemia of the nasal mucosa is used in the Simanovsky ointment which is preparing for stock in the pharmacies of Ukraine. For the assay of phenylephrine hydrochloride in many single and multicomponent dosage forms, it is suggested to use a spectrophotometric method. However, in literary sources there are no examples of the use of spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride in the studied ointment. Aim. The purpose of the research was to select and verify the optimal method for phenylephrine hydrochloride assay in the Simanovsky ointment with the possibility of its further use for the stability analysis of the dosage form during storage. Methods. Direct UV-spectrophotometry method for assay of phenylephrine hydrochloride in the studied ointment. Results. For the quantitative determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride in the Simanovsky ointment, the method of direct spectrophotometry was selected after its extraction from the ointment base with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid. In order to prove the possibility of its use in the ointment analysis, the determination of the validation characteristics was made. The obtained results indicate that the requirements for the specificity of the method (δ noise , %=0.47≤1.02), the parameters of linear dependence, the accuracy (δ,%=0.20≤1.02) and the precision (ΔZ=0.39≤3.20) are met. The study of the robustness of the technique shows the stability of solutions within an hour. The method was tested on the researched ointment. The metrological characteristics of methods for calculating the quantitative content of phenylephrine hydrochloride by the standard method and specific absorption index were determined. The obtained results indicate the possibility of using both methods. Conclusions. For the assay of phenylephrine hydrochloride in the Simanovsky ointment, the method of direct spectrophotometry was chosen. Validation characteristics of the method indicate the possibility of its use for medicine analysis and study of its stability during storage. It was proved that the calculation of the quantitative content of phenylephrine hydrochloride in the ointment can be carried out using both the standard method and the method of specific absorption index


A correlation is made between aqueous-benzene partition coefficients of a series of substituted phenylboronic acids and tumor/brain ratios of these compounds in mice having subcutaneously transplanted gliomas. Those substances which concentrate preferentially in the benzene phase invariably penetrated normal brain more readily than tumor and were quite toxic to the CNS. The converse proposition, however, is not always true but compounds which did give good tumor/brain ratios were only found in the hydrophilic group. In general it would appear that lipid solubility of a compound is an important factor but certainly not the only one in determining the penetration of the brain.


In this paper, we consider parallel and concurred systems modeled as Discrete Event Systems where secret behavior should remain hidden from a malicious third party, called an attacker, that is partially observing the system. Opacity is a security property that characterizes whether this attacker is able or not to deduce some secret information from its provided interface. We address the problem of enforcing the opacity of modular Discrete Event Systems using Supervisory and Control Techniques. We propose a reduced-complexity algorithm, based on the Hyper Symbolic Observation Graph (HSOG). The HSOG allows to abstract the original system and takes into account only "important" events i.e., those observed by the supervisor and the attacker. Under the hypothesis that each module is observed by a local attacker, and assuming that the attacker can observe the interfaces between the different modules, we synthesize a local supervisor to each module. The global supervisor is then deduced from local supervisors without computing the synchronized product of the whole system. Our approach restricts the behavior of the system to its opaque part while enabling the most permissive behavior. We prove that the language of the obtained system is observable, controllable, supremal and opaque-by construction. To demonstrate the efficiency of our approach and its applicability in real life scenario, we illustrate it through an automated manufacturing case study.


A specialist nurse can dramatically reduce the 'door to needle' and 'pain to needle' time in patients with myocardial infarction, Liverpool researchers report.


Abstract : This research examined information overload in decision makers by means of a human information processing model developed by Schroder, Driver, and Streufert. That model provided that the ability of an individual to integrate data into a decision varied in a curvilinear fashion with the complexity of the information environment. Information processing capacity was hypothesized to increase up to a certain optimum level and then decrease, marking the onset of information overload. A policy capturing exercise was employed to measure the amount of information processed for three different levels of information availability. Subjects were given sets of four, six, or eight national problem areas along with hypothetical priorities that the federal government was said to attach to those problems. The subjects indicated their levels of agreement or disagreement with each set of priorities. Regression analysis was then used to discover how many of the available problem areas contributed significantly to the three sets of decisions. The information utilization patterns were compared to the predictions of the model.


PURPOSE: To obtain the heat-resistive power cord by forming successively the layer of the heat-resistive inorganic material applied with the heat-resistive inorganic material and the burning-resistive and organic insulation material on the surface of a metallic conductor. COPYRIGHT: (C)1977,JPO&Japio


For EPB(earth pressure balance) shield tunneling,one must properly choose driving parameters to maintain face stability and reducing soil displacement and ground subsidence.In this paper,to research the relationship among shield machine parameters and its impact on the ground displacement by in-site monitoring of Hangzhou metro line shield tunnel construction.The work for in-situ monitoring a shield tunnel construction includes: measuring ground settlement,lateral displacement,excess pore pressure and recording the working parameters of the shield machine.The results show that: the fluctuation for the total thrust force,the earth pressure on chamber and the torque of cutter disc are basically synchronous;ground settlement are mainly influenced by soil removal efficiency before the shield machine arrivals;construction settlement are in inverse proportion to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the soil chamber;the excess pore pressure begins to decrease rapidly after the shield tail passes through for 0.5 to 1 days;and it completely disappears after 10 days.Settlement after construction is divided into the accelerated subsidence stage and the slow subsidence stage.It accounts for more than 50% of the total ground settlement;and it continues to develop slowly after the dissipation of the excess pore pressure.


The advantages of low cost amplifier solutions in single-channel link extender or loss compensator systems cannot be fully realized unless the ASE noise around the signal peak is removed. Doing so requires a cost-effective solution with high performance, including low insertion loss (<-2.5dB), low PDL (<-0.25dB), low power operation (<200mW), and fast tuning (<1sec). We have successfully fabricated and packaged a tunable ASE filter into a small form-factor 2-port package which meets these requirements. We obtain filter properties at both the chip and package-levels and examine filter performance operating under optically open and closed loop control.


Self‐organized criticality generates complex behavior in systems of simple elements. It is observed in various biological neural systems and has been analyzed in simplified model systems. Branching processes often considered to be a mean‐field approximation to the dynamics of critical systems. Here we study the validity of such an approximation for the case of a neural network. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The aim of this thesis is to describe how the use of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic techniques can provide a better understanding of the optimal use of antimicrobial agents. In vivo animal experimental models and clinical PK-PD datasets for three systemically administered antifungal agents, isavuconazonium sulfate (active moiety isavuconazole), micafungin, and VL-2397, are used to accomplish this goal.


The quality of cable assembly has great impact on machine reliability.the reliability problem of cable assemblies accounts for more than 90% in the whole integrated-wiring on system.Describe the application of 1553B Bus cable assembly in the military electronics.Analyze the process difficulty and quality problems of 1553B communication cable assembly production.Take DK-621 aviation connector as an example,elaborate the cable assembly production process and process flow,and provide strong technical safeguard for high reliability products.


This paper begins with a survey of the first principles of permanent magnet machines and then proceeds to find the air gap fields caused by the magnets and armature currents. From these fields, the three most important parameters are derived: namely, the direct and quadrature axes inductances Ld and Lq and the open-circuit voltage Eo


This paper describes a method appropriate for 3-D measurement from a long distance with a digital camera mounting a super telescopic lens. Long distance observation with telescopic lens camera is a effective method for displacement measurement such as small movement of top of a large cliff. However the conventional orientation method with the central perspective model widely used in close range photogrammetry is unstable in this case because of weak condition. In this study, an alternative model called the orthogonal projection model is applied. This model, which derived from the affine projection model with a constraint of orthogonality, is simple and better adapted to long distance observation. Furthermore, it is a great advantage that the orthogonal projection model does not require initial values of orientation parameters. In this study, the geometric characteristics of the orthogonal projection model were clarified by various simulations, and also the effectiveness of the method was verified by long distance field tests. Focal length of telescopic lens used in the field test was 400mm and distance to objects was over 100m. RMSE between the adjusted results with a camera and those with a totalstation was about 2.8mm. The accuracy with the proposed method is more than twice higher than that with the conventional method.


Summary We report a case of a patient with deep vein thrombosis including the iliac vessels, after conservative therapy of the same disease at the contralateral leg in the past. Due to a beginning compartment syndrome an operative therapy was preferred. Because of a renal insufficiency a preoperative imaging could not be performed. After venous thrombectomy we found causal for the thrombosis a high grade vena cava and vena iliaca communis stenosis. We performed an interventionel therapy. The follow-up examination showed a complete asymptomatic leg, which undervent operative treatment, by unchanged continuous symptomatic contralateral leg, which undervent conservative therapy. The high grade vena cava stenosis is probably based on a unknown ascensation of the deep vein thrombosis of the contralateral leg.


We show the instability of action variables on resonant orbits of certain non-convex Hamiltonian systems with several degrees of freedom. Such orbits remain in the vicinity of resonant surfaces where the action variables can undergo changes O(1) infinitely often although the size of perturbations O(ε) can be arbitrarily small. We also perform numerical simulations to compare the effects of two condition for instability in two four-dimensional examples with random parameters.


Malaysia and Vietnam have used the opportunity of Article 287 declarations, and subsequent communications, to state their substantive claims, and also to counter China's actions and baseline drawing. This is a somewhat depressing picture. Of course, there is always the possibility that, in political and diplomatic circumstances not yet within our sight, the parties to one or more of the regional disputes might come to the ICJ on the basis of a Special Agreement—that is to say, jointly asking for certain specified legal issues to be resolved. This has been a growth area for the Court, with a considerable proportion of its cases arriving in this way. Maritime disputes involving Indonesia/Malaysia and Malaysia/Singapore came in recent years to the Court on such a basis. There is also the possibility, however remote, of use of the Court through the so-called forum prorogatum route. Article 38(5) of the Rules of Court allows, even in the absence of an obvious basis for jurisdiction, for a party to submit a claim in the hope that the potential respondent may simply decide to let it go forward. And, very occasionally, just once in a very rare while, the unexpected really can happen. France, like China a permanent member of the Security Council, had always protected itself against being a respondent in unwanted litigation before the International Court. Yet in 2003, when the Republic of the Congo sought unilaterally to start a case in the Court, lacking any apparent basis of jurisdiction for achieving this, France—to general astonishment—simply agreed to allow the Court to proceed to resolution of the claims. This highly unusual example of forum prorogatum was repeated in 2006 by Djibouti, which challenge France also accepted. France was undoubtedly confident in its legal position in each of the disputes—and with reason, as the first case was withdrawn by the Congo and the second case largely upheld France's arguments. Just possibly, at some unascertained moment in the future, China might think it useful to emulate its P5 colleague, in allowing a claim to proceed to legal determination. But a good joke is never repeated. In 2012, France declined to respond to a hopeful forum prorogatum application from Equatorial Guinea. In summary, I think it unlikely in the extreme that any of these disputes will come to the International Court of Justice. But if there were to be third-party settlement for any of them, then I am sure that there will be heavy reliance on the law that has been enunciated by the International Court of Justice on the subject matter.


As motor vehicle exhaust emission causes more and more serious pollution in recent years, the natural environment and human health are facing great threats. It is of great significance to accurately measure the concentration of carbon monoxide, as one of the main pollutants of vehicle exhaust emissions. The detection system based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is featured by high resolution, high sensitivity and fast response. Besides, TDLAS can eliminate the interference of the remaining gas by using tunable and narrow linewidth characteristics of semiconductor lasers, and selecting the single absorption line of specific gas, and finally realize the gas concentration inversion of high precision. Based on TDLAS, the motor vehicle exhaust component CO concentration detection system was designed and realized by using DFB laser with the center wavelength of 2330nm and selecting the absorption lines of CO gas at 2333nm. The hardware composition and software design of the system were introduced. In the experiment, motor vehicle exhaust of different vehicles was collected, and spectrum data obtained through the system components were used for CO concentration inversion. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the system and reduce the detection limit of the system, the balance detection technology was used in the system. Experiments show that the system has excellent stability, and can ensure accurate inversion of concentration results, and meet the real-time on-line detection of vehicle exhaust CO concentration.


Drawing on life history research, this study critically examines the transnational experiences of return Chinese immigrants from Canada in Beijing. Through the accounts of their experiences, it explores different integration and reintegration strategies, including self-adjustment, lifelong learning and flexible citizenship. A native concept of 'space' is examined and a theory of individual space (IS) is constructed. The study demonstrates that immigrants' integration is a process of constant construction and reconstruction of their expected IS in various societies. This space defines the self and its relationship to others and the outside world. By spatial transformation, migrants break spatial limitations to seek a better future. The tension between IS and the society the migrant enters determines the ongoing characteristics of contemporary transnational migration.


—The distribution of choline acetyltransferase, aromatic l‐amino acid decarboxylase and acetylcholinesterase in the nervous system of Helix aspersa has been studied using homogenates of whole ganglia, microdissection from freeze‐dried sections and dissection of single neurons from fresh tissue. Choline acetyltransferase was found in both the cell body and neuropil layers of all the Helix ganglia. The enzyme was not specifically localized to any ganglion or region of ganglion. Between 10 and 30 per cent of the isolated single cell bodies contained the enzyme. The enzymic activity corresponded to 50–200 mmol ACh/1 cell bodies/h. Choline acetyltransferase is probably a specific marker for cholinergic cells in this species.


5-Methyl-10-β-dimethylamino-ethyl-10, 11-oxo-5H-dibenzo[b, e]-1,4-diazepin (I; base of Noveril®) has been labelled with 14C in the basic side chain for the purpose of metabolism studies. The synthesis of several postulated metabolites has also been described.


A search-time formula to calculate the minimum options per page in a visual menu retrieval system was developed by E. Lee and J. MacGregor (1985). The formula is modified for use in auditory database retrieval tasks. Calculated times using the formula favored depth over breadth, using a number of different system timing variables. Actual data revealed that though database structures favoring depth are less efficient than structures that favor breadth, the search times were not statistically different with the two structures.<<ETX>>


We mathematically analyze a recently proposed curvature correction method that is based on signal processing and does not require physical measurements of the object's shape. Based on new insights, we present a new scheme whose range of application is much broader and is not restricted to curvature artifacts. This significant extension is necessary to correct multi-spectral retinal images.


In the context of this paper the 'user' includes all those involved in the management of a geothermal resource. The objective of reservoir modelling and simulation, in my view, should be to supply these 'users' with appropriate and reliable data so that they can make sound decisions, whether these be in financial or engineering fields. The scale of models would thus extend from a single w e l l , which may require a workover to remove mineral deposition costing, say, $30,000, to a full geothermal field development, costing more than $100 million. Geothermal development work can involve high risks. With the aid of modelling it should be possible to quantify risks, and, if these are considered excessive, to identify what data should be obtained to reduce them. Schemes relying on a single well are particularly hazardous. In 1974 an alfalfa drying plant was built at Broadlands next to well BR7. This well had previously been flow tested for three years, showing very reliable discharge characteristics. But when opened to supply the drying plant, the well did not perform satisfactorily and a 350 m pipeline was built to supply steam from another nearby productive w e l l . Amore » l l geothermal developments involve drilling and this, also, is a risky business. In New Zealand, over the last six years, the time to drill a 1200- 1400 m investigation well shows variations of 240% about the average (using the same rig and equipment). The time for workovers is even more variable, due to unforeseen downhole conditions affecting progress - an overrun of 100% would not be unexpected. What information does the user want? Basic data w i l l be the power-life and likely discharge characteristics of a field given certain operating conditions. For example, i f we have a liquid dominated field, the design engineers w i l l require information about changing enthalpy, gas and total flow for the system as a whole and for each individual well. There is no point in fitting a well with equipment to handle 100 t/h of separated steam if, after three years' production, it will only produce 50 t/h. Those providing finance for a scheme will require an assurance of its viability. How many years can the field sustain the projected withdrawal rate? For a well repair operation, those providing funds will want to know the chances of success and how much steam the well might produce if the operation succeeds. These factors must be balanced against the estimated cost of the operation, which itself identified in the first place. In a field which has been operating for some years, the question arises: What do we do now? Do we increase production, or do nothing, or maybe manage the field by operating only selected wells. Whatever the choice, predictions of future field and well performance are required to allow the field operator to evaluate the economics of alternative schemes.« less


The relationship between Plato and Xenophon has been the subject of research for many years: Xenophon's dependence on the logoi Sokratikoi written by Plato has always been obvious. Especially in Xenophon's rather less studied first work, the Apology of Socrates, influences of some earlier Platonic works can be found that suggest a dependent relationship. In addition to Plato's Apology of Socrates, there are two more Platonic writings that have obviously been adopted in Xenophon's opusculum. Where and in which manner Xenophon resorted to these two Platonic dialogues – Crito and the Phaedo – will be discussed in this essay.


In the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), the use of stent implantation often leads to clinical complications such as restenosis, delayed endothelial healing and thrombosis. Here, we develop a double drug sustained release coating for stent surface by grafting heparin/NONOate nanoparticles (Hep/NONOates). The Hep/NONOates and surface modification of stent were characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Attenuated Total Reflection Flourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), static water contact angle and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the release behaviors of anticoagulant heparin (Hep) and the bioactive molecule nitric oxide (NO) were studied. Further, the blood compatibility and cytotoxic of the modified stent were evaluated by whole blood adhesion and platelet adhesion test, hemolysis assay, morphological changes of red blood cells (RBCs), plasma recalcification time (PRT) assay, in vitro coagulation time tests and MTT assay. Finally, the results of rabbit carotid artery stent implantation experiment showed the double drug sustained release coating for stent can accelerate the regeneration of endothelial cells (ECs) and keep good anticoagulant activity. This study can provide new design ideas based on nanotechnology for improving the safety and effectiveness of drug-eluting stents.


The Republic of Tajikistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia, with more than 93 percent of the territory covered by mountains. The population of the country is 8.5 million , 49% of them are women, and 35% are youth (under 14 years old), which makes Tajikistan one of the youthful countries in Central Asia. Tajikistan is ranked 85 as per its territory and has abundant hydropower and freshwater resources, and varied natural resources, as well as favorable conditions for growing organic food products. In addition to that Tajikistan is full of opportunities for brisk growth of eco-tourism, which is in line with the fundamental principles of human development in the context of access to natural resources. Tajikistan is ranked 85 as per Human Capital Index, 129 as per Human Development Index (2015, out of 188 countries and territories), 69 as per Gender Inequality Index (2015, out of 160 countries), 114 as per Global Innovation Index, 77 as per Global Competitiveness Index (2016) and 132 (out of 189 countries) in "Doing Business, 2016"


A recently developed computational fluid dynamics modeling capability for cryogenic tanks is used to simulate both self-pressurization from external heating and also depressurization from thermodynamic vent operation. Axisymmetric models using a modified version of the commercially available FLOW-3D software are used to simulate actual physical tests. The models assume an incompressible liquid phase with density that is a function of temperature only. A fully compressible formulation is used for the ullage gas mixture that contains both condensable vapor and a noncondensable gas component. The tests, conducted at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, include both liquid hydrogen and nitrogen in tanks with ullage gas mixtures of each liquid's vapor and helium. Pressure and temperature predictions from the model are compared to sensor measurements from the tests and a good agreement is achieved. This further establishes the accuracy of the developed FLOW-3D based modeling approach for cryogenic systems.


The discussion of this topic was very open and several points comes up from different speakers. The contribution of the Ethnology to the understanding of the use of some archaeological fondings, and the controversy between present and ancient technological process, etc, were some of the points discussed. However, a special emphasis was in the application of scientific archaeometric techniques to modern traditional productions in order to establish a relationship between the results ontained from new and ancient pottery.


In a game realized by this game program, characters (70a, 70b, 70c) of a ball sending source are displayed on a monitor (3b), and at least one of characters (72a, 72b) of a ball sending destination is displayed on the monitor (3b). After that, whether or not a predetermined button (4f) of an operation means (4) is operated is determined. When a pointing means is touched to a character of the sending destination with the predetermined button (4f) of the operation means (4) determined to have been operated, a character (72a, 72b) of the ball destination is recognized. Then, a mobile body is sent from a character (70a, 70b, 70c) of the ball sending source to the character (72a, 72b) of the ball sending destination.


Let X, Y, Z, W be manifolds and π : Z → X be a surjective submersion. We characterize π-local regular operators A : C ∞ (X,Y) → C ∞ (Z,W) in terms of the corresponding maps A : J ∞ (X,Y) × X Z → W satisfying the so-called local finite order factorization property.


Crack width evaluation of flexural RC member is evaluated analytically by two significant formulas given by researchers and four standard code i.e. IS 456-2000, BSEN 1992-1-1-2004, ECP 203-2007, ACI 318-95 and compared. Parameters such as clear cover, the effect of diameter, variation of depth, number of bars with the same cross-section and increasing external moment are considered for computing the crack width. From the study of results of this study, it can be concluded that clear covers estimated based on IS 456 2000 are highest and those estimated based on EGYPTIAN CODE; 203-2007 are lowest as compared to other codes and mathematical models considered in this study. It can also be concluded that crack width increases with increase in clear cover or external moment while it decreases with increase in reinforcement diameter, depth of the beam or number of bars.


The importance of compost testing for heavy metals and plant essential nutrients is vital to preventing the transport of toxic elemental loads and imperative to successful marketing of composted products. As such, a method to more efficiently test the elemental composition of compost would aid producers and compost analysis labs in evaluating and certifying the material prior to use. The use of portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry for elemental compost analysis was investigated, to build on previous research, analyze technological improvements, test applicability of the technology on a wide range of compost types, and quantify the influence of moisture, particle size, organic matter and interelemental interactions on scan results. Several elements, specifically Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, P, and Zn showed the most potential for analysis via PXRF in dried samples. Arsenic detection was found to be limited by the influence of Pb levels in the samples. Great potential for widespread evaluation and some definitive quantification of elemental concentrations via PXRF is recommended by this study.


The present article examines the possible loss of prominence of land occupations as a strategy of struggle within the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais sem Terra's (Landless Rural Workers' Movement or MST) repertoires of contention. I argue that this possible decline began during Cardoso's government and that the movement is in the process of institutionalizing other strategies of struggle, which have yet to prove as effective as land occupations. Some legal amendments during Cardoso's administration undermined the effectiveness and even the usefulness of land occupations. The MST has nevertheless updated its frames and its strategies of struggle, and reinforced its role as a national and global social movement. Findings in the present article are supported by several interviews collected during field research, academic and newspaper articles, and general sources about the matter.


The reaction of N-methyl-3-(arylamino)acrylates with in situ generated HI in CH3CN gave N-methyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylates, which exhibited fluorescence at 490–560 nm in THF solution with good quantum yields (ΦF = 0.5–0.9). Electron-withdrawing substituents at the 6-position promoted high quantum yields. N-Methyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylates were also emitted in neat form. Photoluminescence was observed from the dicarboxylic acid hydrolysis products in water without any organic co-solvent.


Three groups of subjects were tested for accuracy of pointing at a visual target before and after wearing displacing prisms. One group consisted of 10 highly susceptible subjects given a hypnotic suggestion for limb anesthesia following the pretest, and a second group included 10 low susceptible subjects instructed to fake limb anesthesia. A control group (n = 10) unselected on susceptibility received no special instructions. The high susceptibles reported significantly greater felt anesthesia than subjects in the other two treatments (p < .05). Nevertheless, subjects in all three groups showed very large displacement errors (i.e., errors in pointing) following prism removal. Our results failed to confirm previous reports that placement errors were eliminated by hypnotic suggestion in highly susceptible subjects. Theoretical implications are discussed.


The phosphodiesterase (PDE) is a super family represented by four genes: PDE4A, B,C, and D causes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bond of cAMP to yield inactive AMP. c-AMP catalyzing enzyme predominant in inflammatory and immunomodulatory cells. Therapy to treat Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with the use of PDE4 inhibitors is highly envisaged. Molecular docking experiment with large dataset of diverse scaffolds has been performed on PDE4 inhibitors to analyze the role of amino acid responsible for binding and activation of the secondary transmitters. Apart from the general docking experiment the main focus was to discover the role of water molecules present in the ligand binding domain. All the compounds was docked in the PDE4B and PDE4D active cavity to produce the free binding energy scores and spatial disposition/orientation of chemical groups of inhibitors around the cavity. Under uniform condition the experiments were carried out with and without water molecules in the LBD. In presence of water molecule Roflumilast has more binding affinity (-8.48 Kcal/mol with PDE4B enzyme and -8.91 Kcal/mol with PDE4D enzyme) and forms two hydrogen bonds with Gln443 and Glu369 aminoacid with PDE4B and PDE4D enzymes respectively. While in absence of water molecule its binding affinity has decreased (-7.3 Kcal/mol with PDE4B enzyme and -5.17 Kcal/mol with PDE4D enzyme) as well as no H-bond interactions were observed. Similar observation was observed with clinically tested molecules. Compounds IC-485, Telafentrine, YM-976 and CDP-840 showed high affinity for PDE4B in the presence of water and formed hydrogen bonds. These compounds showed insignificant binding in absence of water molecules with very low values of binding energy, additionally no hydrogen bonding observed between protein-ligand interactions. Gln 443 is the significant amino acid showed hydrogen bonding with all the compounds docked in PDE4B. Glu 369 and Thr 333 of PDE4D are common amino acid that forms hydrogen bond with ligands. The exhaustive study was carried out on the Autodock 4.2 software and explored the role of water molecules present in the binding domain.


The synthesis of 3H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans linked to mono-, di-, or terthiophene via an acetylenic junction is described (Schemes 2 and 3). The synthetic approaches involve successive Sonogashira coupling reactions. The photochromic properties in solution of these novel materials were investigated under continuous irradiation.


We apply linear and nonlinear methods to study the properties of surfaces generated by a laser beam melt ablation process. As a result we present a characterization and ordering of the surfaces depending on the adjusted process parameters. Our findings give some insight into the performance of two widely applied multifractal analysis methods—the detrended fluctuation analysis and the wavelet transform modulus maxima method—on short real world data.


In this paper, a new iterative optimal learning control scheme for discrete-time nonlinear systems using iterative adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) approach is developed to obtain the optimal control law for coal gasification control systems. For the unknown coal gasification process, neural networks (NNs) are introduced to reconstruct the dynamics of the gasification process, where the approximation errors of the reconstruction dynamics are considered. Via system transformation, the optimal tracking control problem with approximation errors is transformed into a two-person zero-sum optimal control problem. A new iterative ADP algorithm is then developed to obtain the optimal control law for the transformed system with convergence analysis. Finally, numerical results are given to illustrate the performance of the present method.


Based on constructing evaluation indicator system which can well reflect the regional development of Jiangsu Province, this paper applies factor analysis model and GIS techniques to evaluate the comprehensive power of counties and to probe the laws of socio - economic regional disparities in Jiangsu Province according to the evaluation result.
It is considered that the differentiation of the comprehensive power in each county in Jiangsu is great while the regional differentiation of the comprehensive power is regular. The change regularity of the comprehensive power goes as follows: 1)it is higher in South Jiangsu and Xuzhou - Lianyungang economic zone while lower in the middle of Jiangsu;2)it is higher in the urban area while lower in the farming area;3)because of the distance creasing to Shanghai City, it is resulted in that comprehensive power level of South Jiangsu reduces progressively from the east to the west;4)space distributions of economic level,population and living quality and social framework level take on obvious inconsistency, coordination degree of economic and society shows marked degressive law from the southeast to the northwest. This kind of laws of socio- economic regional disparities can provide scientific basis for policy adjusting measures to local conditions and regional relations in Jiangsu Province in 21 century.


An efficient and specific cleavage of the endo-C(sp2)-Si bond of silole rings was developed. The stable silole ring was effectively opened in an unexpected regioselectivity by using an AcOH/ROH system, in which the AcOH behaved as a catalyst and the ROH as a nucleophile. Depending on the nature of the substituents at the 2- and 5-positions of the silole ring, the cooperative effect of the AcOH/ROH system exclusively cleaved one of the two endo-C-Si bonds to afford silylbutadiene derivatives.


Islamic property developers are currently starting to offer housing with the sharia financing model. One of them is Nuansa Alam Setiabudi Clove who sells his house using an istishna contract, does not use bank financing, without confiscation, and fines. The payment methods used are cash and cash in stages. In its implementation, there are cases where the buyer does not make payments in succession within the agreed time frame at the time of the contract, which results in losses to the developer. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation and solution to the problem of buying and selling Islamic properties with the cash payment method in stages. This research is a qualitative study using a case study approach. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis method. The results of the study found that the contract construction made by the developer needs to be improved and added, namely in Article 5 concerning Late Payment, Article 7 concerning Contract Cancellation and Compensation, and Article 8 concerning Dispute Resolution, to avoid losses caused by a bankless sales system, without confiscation, and without penalty.


The belief is presented that a significant contribution to our society's electrical energy supply can be achieved only with thin-film photovoltaic cells. Need for unit-operation scale experimentation to produce needed design information is emphasized. A table compares photovoltaic-grade CdS properties and a figure compares batch and continuous films. Material evaluation is a necessary first step in the evaluation of CdS quality.


This study aimed to inform the capability the folklore of Aek Sipitu Dai into learning materials at Junior High School. The objective of the studies were to develope Aek Sipitu Dai Batak Toba Folklore into teaching materials in English subject for Junior High School, to transcribe Aek Sipitu Dai Batak Toba Folklore into teaching materials in English subject for Junior High School, to refresh Aek Sipitu Dai Batak Toba Folklore into teaching materials in English subject for Junior High School. This study used descriptive qualitative approach in analyzing the data. The data of this research are interview in observation in Samosir Island. The result of this study, there are a complete story about Aek Sipitu Dai that can be used as teaching materials in English Subject, the complete story are able to be transcribe as a complete story, there was found a Batak Toba Folklore that can be used as teaching material in English Subject


Flexible electronics is recently attracting increasing interest due to its large potential for application. Among the methods used in the production of flexible electronic devices the inkjet and screen printing are popular as they allow for fast production of thin, conductive tracks on elastic polymer foil and textile surfaces. Recent research shows that it is possible to produce graphene coatings with the inkjet method. However, currently developed inks and printing techniques, which employ various forms of graphene, are still in research phase and do not allow for commercial production of electrodes and devices. To fully exploit the potential of the graphene for printed, flexible electronics new printing compositions and new overprinting methods need to be developed. The abovementioned challenges are the subject of our current research. We present the overprints produced in the inkjet technology with graphene oxide dispersion. The graphene oxide ink that we used was developed to be fully compatible with standard industrial printers and polyester (PET) substrates. We describe the post-printing chemical reduction procedure which leads to the restoration of electrical conductivity without destroying the substrate. Our results prove that the proposed method allows to obtain graphene overprints of high optical transparency and low electrical resistivity (from few to hundreds kOhm/sq). The presented results show the outstanding potential of graphene oxide for rapid and cost efficient commercial implementation to production of flexible electronics. Properties of graphene-based electrodes are discussed basing on the macroand nano-scale characterizations. The observed nano-scale inhomogeneity of the conductivity of the overprints is found to be essential in the field of future industrial applications. This work is supported by the National Centre for Research and Development under the project GRAFTECH/NCBR/15/25/2013.


We report the distance modulus of nearby dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822 estimated from the so-called Tip of Red-giant Branch (TRGB) method. To detect the apparent magnitudes of the TRGB we use the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and luminosity functions (LFs) in the near-infrared JHK bands. Foreground stars, main-sequence stars, and supergiant stars have been classified on the (g - K, g) plane and removed on the near-infrared CMDs, from which only RGB and AGB stars are remained on the CMDs and LFs. By applying the Savitzky-Golay filter to the obtained LFs and detecting the peak in the second derivative of the observed LFs, we determined the apparent magnitudes of the TRGB. Theoretical absolute magnitudes of the TRGB are estimated from Yonsei-Yale isochrones with the age of 12Gyr and the metallicity range of -2.0


In 2012, China and South Korea signed the CPIK project, in which Chinese teachers are sent to South Korea to cooperate with South Korean teachers in teaching Chinese. This model of Chinese and South Korean teachers teaching together is also known as collaborative teaching model. This mode can be divided into the following three situations: first, Korean teachers lead and Chinese teachers assist. Second, Chinese teachers lead and South Korean teachers assist. 3. Cooperative teaching between Chinese and Korean teachers. I was fortunate enough to participate in the program and teach at three schools, and all three types of teaching were covered. Collaborative teaching has been around for a long time, and it has its own advantages, because many Chinese teachers are not proficient in Korean, and it helps students better understand the course content. However, there are some difficulties in the implementation of this model, which requires the active cooperation of Chinese and Korean teachers, and may cause a series of problems if it is not used well. Therefore, this paper will explore its advantages and existing problems combined with their own practice, and put forward some suggestions.


Recent works on the future 5G cellular communication proposed that the enormous raw bandwidth availability of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is an excellent opportunity to increase data capacity and channel capacity. However, mmWave transmission requires beamforming to overcome the high path loss, as well as other losses due to rain and oxygen absorption and higher noise floor associated with larger bandwidth. This paper presents a comparison on the channel statistics of a mmWave systems operating using isotropic antenna against phased array beamforming in the 60GHz IEEE 802.11ad standard. Real world maps are incorporated into a 3-D mmWave ray-tracing tool for the purpose of employing realistic channel matrices into an 802.11ad bit level simulator. Different environments such as dense urban, urban, highway and residential area in Bristol and Malaysia are considered. Besides that, the throughput performance considering various MCS modes are also presented for both Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Single Carrier (SC) transmissions.


In order to evaluate the coordination relationship between railway transportation system and open-pit production,a coupling degree model is established under the capacity-coupling theory.This model quantitatively analyzes the coordination level of mine production and transportation systems as well as the effects of subsystems and system parameters on the whole open-pit mining system.Besides,the indices of open-pit mining and haulage equipments,the parameters choice of wagon quantity,load and fluctuation in railway transportation are discussed,and an isometric transformation is applied using an improved efficacy method.Finally,a case study is conducted to verify the model ability in reflecting the real productivity.The results show that compared with expectation,a lower daily average number of wagons has a larger effect on the system coordination level,with only 20% contribution ratio of the minimum value of other indexes;however,the unbalanced factor of trains has a smaller effect on the system coordination.Moreover,the coupling index will be raised by 17% if the daily average number of wagons is increased to 80% of the original plan.


The development of Rasch measurement model has rapidly expanded from social science, educational fields to other technology and engineering field as well. This study is an attempt to apply Rasch Measurement in the field of technology to assess Information Professionals' (IP) competency. Bloom's Taxonomy is used as the framework for assessment whilst utilising Rasch model in constructing the measurement in evaluating the competencies. Assessment only generates raw score and need to be transformed into meaningful measurement values. Rasch model measurement enable tabulation the IP; person and, a given task; the items, on a distribution map (PIDM) on a common scale termed logit. It gives a more accurate estimate of the IP's achievement on a linear scale of measurement. Comparative analysis against the traditional histogram tabulation and simple mean shows that Rasch measurement was found to give a better exploratory depth in understanding the ability of each IP. Despite the small sample size, the IP were clearly categorized according to the respective workgroup cluster, knowledge and skills. This leads to a new paradigm in assessing competency of IP individuals using Rasch model. A new descriptive scale is developed to classify IP's by class intervals as measured by Rasch Model.


7, 2021 ) In order to reduce CO 2 emission, the CO 2 sequestration using particulate steelmaking slag in water is world widely being studied through a Ca-carbonation method. As consequence, the improved efficiency of Ca leaching from the steelmaking-slag particles contributes significantly to increasing the amount of fixed CO 2 . Therefore, in this study, for the purpose of understanding the Ca leaching from steelmaking slag particles, the rate of Ca leaching in week acidic solution was analyzed by several leaching kinetics models such as the shrinking core model and the logarithmic rate law. In addition to Ca, the leaching rate of Fe which is one of the major elements was also investigated. The Ca and Fe leaching process with stirring could be fitted well by logarithmic rate law. Moreover, by the observation using SEM-EDX, it was observed that the residue after acetic acid leaching was porous material with the pores blocked. From these results, it was revealed that the mass transfer in the products blocking the pore surface of slag particles was very likely to be the rate-controlling step of Ca leaching. In fact, promoting mass transfer by ultrasonic irradiation could enhance the rate of Ca leaching remarkably. While the Ca leaching ratio reaches 56.6% at 300 min without ultrasonic irradiation, the leaching ratio reaches 57.3% just for 30 min leaching with ultrasonic irradiation. This study reveals that promoting the mass transfer in the products blocking the pore surface of slag particles is important for increasing the rate


The invention discloses a baby-monitoring device and a baby-monitoring method. The baby-monitoring device comprises a sound sensor, and audio memory, an audio comparison circuit, a controller and a warning unit, wherein the sound sensor is used for sensing a sound signal in current environment; the audio memory is used for memorizing a corresponding sound signal when a baby is crying; the audio comparison circuit is used for comparing whether the sound signal sensed by the sound sensor accords with the sound signal when the baby is crying; if the sensed sound signal accords with the sound signal when the baby is crying, a warning signal is output; the controller is used for receiving the warning signal so as to generate a control signal; and the warning unit is used for receiving the control signal so as to send out a warning effect for reminding a caregiver of confirming current status of the baby.