Lytocarpia myriophyllum, the biggest hydroid of the Mediterranean, lives at soft bottoms. It is severely threatened by bottom trawling activities. To assess its possible influence on trophodynamics and biodiversity of surrounding sediments, we compared the organic matter content and biochemical composition, and meiofaunal biodiversity in sediments below L. myriophyllum colonies and in surrounding bare sediments. Below L. myriophyllum sediments, the protein to carbohydrate ratio, the lipid contents and meiofaunal abundance showed values higher than in bare sediments, suggesting that L. myriophyllum may influence the availability of resources for benthic consumers. The richness of meiofaunal taxa and nematode species generally decreased from below the colonies to bare sediments suggesting that the presence of L. myriophyllum colonies can have a certain influence also on benthic biodiversity. The possible influence of L. myriophyllum on trophodynamics and biodiversity of neighbouring soft bottoms claims for efforts to increase our knowledge about the trophodynamics of mesophotic coral forests and to develop adequate measures of conservation of these important and threatened habitats.


453 Background: Frailty is a complex medical syndrome characterized by an increased vulnerability to stressors, distinct from age or comorbidity. Among patients with head and neck cancers, frailty is a significant predictor of post-operative complications, reduced quality of life, and increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite these known risks, frailty status is rarely assessed in routine oncology care or considered systematically in treatment planning. In this study, we evaluated the implementation of a frailty screening protocol as a new standard of care for patients with head and neck cancers at a large academic medical center. Methods: Frailty screening was embedded into an existing telephone-based intake workflow for newly referred patients, using the patient-reported Risk Analysis Index (RAI). RAI data was scored, documented in the health record, and presented at weekly case conferences. To evaluate the implementation, medical record data, including frailty status and sociodemographic and clinical information, between August 2020 and November 2022 was abstracted, and feedback from clinicians was collected using a brief survey on perceived clinical value. For the chart review and clinician survey, quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics; thematic analysis was used to identify key findings in the qualitative data. Results: During the evaluation period, 488 of 585 eligible patients completed the frailty screening questionnaire, resulting in a compliance rate of 83.4%. Of those screened, the mean age was 63.1 years (SD: 16.2), 64% were male, and 20.5% had > 3 comorbid conditions. For the total sample, the mean RAI score was 38.4 (SD: 6.52), with 43% deemed not frail, 52.7% frail, and 4.3% very frail. For the survey, the majority of respondents (11/14) believed that frailty screening added clinical value. Key qualitative themes emphasized how frailty screening facilitated a "whole patient" approach and a "valuable heads-up regarding a patient's vulnerability." Potential enhancements focused on making RAI data more clinically actionable. Conclusions: Overall, findings suggest that frailty is common in patients with head and neck cancer, and that frailty screening is achievable in routine care and provides clinical value to multidisciplinary oncology teams at the time of treatment planning. Future work may extend these findings to inform targeted pre-habilitation interventions for frail HNC patients and examine their impact on clinical outcomes.


The invention discloses an extraction method of rapeseed protein and application of the rapeseed protein to compound feed for Gymnocypris przewalskii. According to the invention, the rapeseed protein of rapeseeds and rapeseed cakes, which serve as raw materials, are separated out by brine, and then are collected, so that anti-nutrients, such as glucosinolate, polyphenol and phytic acid, of the rapeseeds and the rapeseed cakes are removed. The compound feed for the Gymnocypris przewalskii provided by the invention is prepared by compounding the rapeseed protein serving as a raw material and substances such as fish meal, casein, milk powder, meat and bone meal and dry yeast powder, and the compound feed is applicable to all the growth stages, from fish fries to parent fish, of the Gymnocypris przewalskii, so that the source of the raw materials of the compound feed is greatly enriched and the cost of the compound feed is reduced.


Performance of 16-QAM systems operating in the nonlinear mode of high-power amplifiers (HPAs) is analyzed. Three types of HPAs, such as the Hughes TWTA (traveling-wave-tube amplifier), Siemens linearized TWTA, and Fujitsu linearized GaAs FET, are considered. A baseband signal mapping technique is proposed which compensates for system impairments caused by AM/AM and AM/PM nonlinearities of HPAs. The suboptimally mapped 16-QAM used enables the HPAs to operate close to saturation at significantly reduced CNR (carrier-to-noise ratio) degradation. In conjunction with a novel signal constellation at the transmitter, an adaptive-decision threshold detector is applied at the receiver to improve the system performance. As an illustrative result, the CNR degradation of the proposed system operating at 0.9 dB OBO (output backoff) of Siemens TWTA is 1.9 dB at P(e)=10/sup -6/. This corresponds to 7 dB or even higher CNR improvement compared to a conventional 16-QAM system.<<ETX>>


The indigenous bacteria of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract create natural cohabitation niches together with mucosal antibodies (Abs) such as secretory IgA (S-IgA). However, the nature of this symbiosis is still not well understood. Here we report that opportunistic bacteria, mostly Alcaligenes spp., specifically inhabit the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT), namely Peyer's patches (PPs) and isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) of naive, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) but not germ-free (GF) mice. Consistent with this result, antigen-specific Ab-producing cells are present in the mucosal (e.g., PPs) but not systemic compartment (e.g., spleen). In the absence of antigen-specific mucosal Abs in PPs, intra-tissue inhabited Alcaligenes were greatly diminished. Thus, Alcaligenes uniquely inhabits PPs by inducing PP antigen-specific Ab production; this creates an optimal symbiotic environment on the interior of PPs.


This research aimed to find out the correlation between students' writing ability and their vocabulary mastery of the eighth-grade students SMP Handayani Sungguminasa Gowa. The problem statement of the research was, "Is there any correlation between students' writing ability and their vocabulary mastery?" The research used a Descriptive Research, the instrument of this study tested, namely writing ability (in terms of rewriting of the story in the film) test and vocabulary mastery test. The population of this research is to the eighth-grade students of SMP Handayani Sungguminasa Gowa which consists of 28 students, all of them were the sample. Therefore, this research used cluster sampling. The result of the data analysis shows that the students' writing ability (in terms of rewriting of the story in the film) stated in 60.00 of the mean score, where their vocabulary mastery test stated 61.00 of the mean score. Coefficient correlation between both variables shows that there is a significant correlation between students writing ability and their vocabulary mastery, it has lies between 0,600 - 0,800 which is categorized as substantial. Keywords : correlation, writing, vocabulary, ability


When we call the equation f = ma "Newton's second law," how much historical truth lies behind us? Many textbooks on introductory physics and classical mechanics claim that the Principia's second law becomes f = ma, once Newton's vocabulary has been translated into more familiar terms. But there is nothing in the Principia's second law about acceleration and nothing about a rate of change. If the Principia's second law does not assert f = ma, what does it assert, and is there some other axiom or some proposition in the Principia that does assert f = ma? Is there any historical truth behind us when we call f = ma "Newton's second law"? This article answers these questions.


ntroduction. The choice of the optimal scope of inter-ventions for major operations on the lungs, including re-constructive plastic surgery, combined pneumonectomy, depends, among other things, on the degree of decrease in the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system. The study aims the evaluation of the functional state of the right ventricle (RV) of the heart, the level of secondary pulmonary hypertension before and after major surgical interventions on the lungs. Materials and methods. The study included 32 patients aged 41 to 74 years (29 men and 3 women) who underwent pneumonectomy with circular resection of the tracheal bifurcation and various types of combined pneumonectomy. The control group consisted of 37 practically healthy individuals aged 23 to 59 years (17 men and 20 women). Doppler echocardio-graphy was used to study the parameters of the pulmo-nary circulation (before and 3–5 days after the operation). Results. As possible alternative indicators characterizing the state of the pumping function of theRV, it is possible to recommend the use of the systolic shortening fraction (SSF) of theRV, the amplitude of movement of the tricuspid valve ring and the end-diastolic size of theRV. Decreased SSF of the RV below 0,2, amplitude of movement of the tricuspid valve ring less than 1,6 cm, and dilatation of the RV over 3.5 cm in diastole may indicate a pronounced de-crease in the contractile function of the RV. Conclusion.In patients with initially impaired hemodynamics, func-tional changes after surgical interventions were more pronounced. The boundaries of the shift of the main ultra-sound parameters of the right ventricular function were determined to form a group of increased prognostic risk


In Morocco, as a result of multiple variables, infant labor is common, especially theuse of girls in domestic work, commonly known as "petites bonnes". This is a reality that affects tens of thousands of girls working every day doing houseworkfor a petty amount of money. Overhalf of them, are not even 15 years old. They work in isolation and they are often subject to verbal, physical, and emotional abuse.This situation prevents them from getting access to a proper education, which ends up hindering or even ruining their long-term future. Despite awareness campaigns, the "petites bonnes" stand out as a standard practice in the country, which makes its eradication a very difficult matter. Families, middlemen, and employers are involved in a system that benefits all the ends involved. The actions available to take are countless, since this issue affects both society and families. Nevertheless, the enforcement of the existing legal provisions in the Labour Code and the Family Code, together with the adequate functioning of the education system, avoiding the blatant violation of compulsoty schooling, might be enough to put an end to the "petite bonnes" phenomenon.


Abstract An urban simulation model is developed in which there are multiple household types: two-worker households, traditional households, and female-headed households, and multiple employment locations: a CBD and two subcenters. Female workers are assumed to have lower wages. Labor force participation and choice of job and residential locations are endogenous. The model shows that a fairly realistic city can be represented, particularly when a random component to wages is introduced. The distribution of household types within the city is shown to be quite sensitive to relative wages of male versus female workers, to commuting costs, and to the level of CBD versus suburban wages—for example, when CBD wages fall, the proportion of female-headed households declines sharply.


In order to solve the problems that the basic ant colony algorithm for solving large scale quadratic assignment has revealed defects,this paper proposes an improved ant colony algorithm.This algorithm adopts the global pheromone update strategy,the use of distance and traffic as heuristic information and the introduction of local optimization strategy.The optimal solution for each generation is to improve and further accelerate the convergence speed.For the quadratic assignment problem through three different types of problems,and improved ant colony algorithm with the basic ant algorithm and the hybrid genetic algorithm are compared,the experiments show that the improved method has better performance.


In this paper,effects of tourism disturbance on soil and vegetation were assessed by the use of paired seriously and slightly influenced plots on the peak,the mountside and the mesa of Bashilazi Mountain,the highest mountain in Erlong Mountain Scenic Region.Furthermore,the vegetables in Bashilazi Mountain and the Back Mountain were comparatively analyzed as a whole.The results showed that soil bulk density and pH value increased while the soil moisture content,soil porosity,organic matter,N,P and soil clay content decreased due to tourism disturbance.Serious tourism disturbance lessened the vegetable individuals,made species simple,decreased the diversity and evenness indices and increased the dominance index.The effects of tourism disturbance on grass and shrub layer were obvious,but were not so obvious on arbor.


The gobiid fish genus Hemigobius is reviewed and found to comprise two species, which are redescribed. The genus is considered to belong to the subfamily Gobionellinae, is closely related to the genera Mugilogobius and Pseudogobius, and can be distinguished from them by a combination of characters. Hemigobius is restricted to mangrove habitats in northern Australia and South-east Asia.


Most system requirements are currently written in common, i.e., unstructured, natural language, which existing requirements analysis tools are poorly equipped to handle. Extracting mentions of model elements from common natural language requirements is a first step toward the automation of model-driven requirements analysis. We propose an approach in which we identify mentions of elements of a component state transition (CST) model in natural language requirements by creating classifiers using a recurrent neural network with long short-term memory. To evaluate our approach, we performed a study on a pacemaker system requirements document, and the results show promising directions for future research.


A fracture network model has been developed to simulate transient fluid flow behavior in a fractured rock mass. Included is a pressure-dependent aperture submodel to simulate behavior often seen in fractured systems. The model is used to simulate data from the Fenton Hill Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal reservoir. Both low-pressure/low-flow-rate and high-pressure/high-flow-rate transient data are adequately simulated. The model parameters obtained suggest ways in which the model can be refined to achieve even more realistic fits to the data. The model is then used to demonstrate more efficient operating modes than the two-well circulating mode usually proposed for HDR reservoirs. 11 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.


We summarize the results obtained by applying Dirac's gauge fixing formalism to the combinatorial description of the Chern–Simons formulation of (2+1)-gravity and their implications for the symmetries of the quantum theory. While the combinatorial description of the phase space exhibits standard Poisson–Lie symmetries, every gauge fixing condition based on two point particles yields a Poisson structure determined by a dynamical classical r-matrix. By considering transformations between different gauge fixing conditions, it is possible to classify all gauge fixed Poisson structures in terms of two standard solutions of the dynamical classical Yang–Baxter equation. We discuss the conclusions that can be drawn from this about the symmetries of (2+1)-dimensional quantum gravity.


Perpetration of sexual aggression by college men has been well documented and results in a variety of negative outcomes for victims. Although most theory and research on sexual aggression among college students have focused on the role of attitudes and life experiences, recent research with college men suggests that personality traits play a larger role in perpetration in college samples than was once believed. A large (N = 235) sample of college men self-reported levels of narcissism, psychopathy, Five-Factor Model (FFM) and sexual assault perpetration. Both the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders-II Personality Questionnaire were used to assess narcissism. Men who scored highly on self-report measures of psychopathic and narcissistic traits and low on self-report measures of the FFM dimensions of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were more likely to report perpetration and reported more frequent perpetration. All of the aforementioned variables distinguished between perpetrators and non-perpetrators; however, FFM domains did not explain significant variance after controlling for narcissism and psychopathy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Money laundering is a global issue causing threats to the security and stability of countries around the world. There are different means and methods used for money laundering all over the world. The purpose of this study is to define money laundering with special reference to Pakistan. The study starts with the delineation of the concept "Money Laundering", its stages, methods to carry out such and its impact on national, regional and global socio-economic indicators. It discusses money laundering in Pakistan and significant channels that are deeply rooted in it. It analysis the loopholes in the previous laws, flaws in prosecuting agencies, and administrative drawbacks that permeated this issue on Pakistani soil. In the last part, this study discussed the current legal setup dealing with money laundering and finally review the legislation and agencies in Pakistan concerning Money Laundering.


This Master of Teaching Research Project is a qualitative study that addresses the topic of challenging ableism within a mainstream classroom environment. The existing literature on challenging ableism within this educational setting suggests that learning in this inclusive classroom is successful in fostering positive peer relationships, educating students on the different needs of their peers and different abilities, as well as accepting and appreciating diversity. With this in mind, this study aims to explore how educators achieve these results and foster success for all students. This study is guided by the following question: How do a small sample of elementary teachers working in inclusive classrooms challenge ableism through their everyday teaching practices, and what outcomes do they observe in terms of relationships between exceptional students and their peers? Themes within this study include the Inclusive Classroom, teaching and learning about diverse exceptionalities, and empathy and acceptance towards all individuals. As a beginning teacher, I hope to recognize the strategies used in an inclusive classroom which challenges ableism, so that I can instill equity and opportunities for success for all of my students.


In terms of the main bridge structure of the extra-large bridge on Dongguan watercourse (with arch composed of spacial truss structure, and steel pipe concrete adopted for the arch rib of the main span and the catenary line is used as the axis of the main arch rib) and the characteristics of the fastening and suspension construction method, order-erecting method was employed to carry out the linetype control analysis on steel arch structure construction of the main span. During the period of adjusting the force of the fastening cable, the action of the fastening cable force on the structure was considered as the external load and was imposed on corresponding position. The fastening cable whose adjustment having been completed was involved in the mechanical behavior as a part of the structure. The principle for cable force adjustment is to make the displacement of each section as close to the self-weight deflection of the bare arch as possible, and to make the less change of each cable force whose adjustment having been completed. In the process of the linetype control analysis of the construction stage, the axis of the arch rib keeps round the ideal arch axis all the time.


The title compound, [Mn(C12H8N2)(H2O)4]SO4·2H2O, was obtained unexpectedly as a by-product from the reaction of sodium maleate, 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and manganese sulfate tetrahydrate. The Mn atom is coordinated by the two N atoms of the phen ligand and four water O atoms in a highly distorted octahedral geometry, with Mn—O distances in the range 2.155 (2)–2.203 (2) A and Mn—N distances of 2.254 (2) and 2.272 (3) A. Extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the water molecules and sulfate anions, and stacking interactions involving the phen rings, are observed in the crystal structure.


This set of notes re-proves known results on weighted automata (over a field, also known as multiplicity automata). The text offers a unified view on theorems and proofs that have appeared in the literature over decades and were written in different styles and contexts. None of the results reported here are claimed to be new. The content centres around fundamentals of equivalence and minimization, with an emphasis on algorithmic aspects. The presentation is minimalistic. No attempt has been made to motivate the material. Weighted automata are viewed from a linear-algebra angle. As a consequence, the proofs, which are meant to be succinct, but complete and almost self-contained, rely mainly on elementary linear algebra.


Are you a geoscience student seeking a full-time job or internship? If so, I expect to see you at the Sixth Annual AAPG/SEG Student Expo, Sunday and Monday, 5–6 October 2003, in Houston. If this isn't on your calendar, I strongly encourage you to reconsider, because the AAPG/SEG Student Expo has evolved into an invaluable tool for students to showcase their expertise and potential value to employers in the petroleum industry. The event is specifically designed to link geoscience students with industry recruiters in a "win-win" fashion. Students benefit by presenting their work, networking, and interviewing with multiple employers and companies via the cost-efficiencies afforded by "one-stop" recruiting from a diverse and talented student population.


The security routing protocols practiced in a wireless sensor network are not enough to thwart the potential security breaches in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. After reviewing the existing research methodologies to resist the adversaries, it was found that existing techniques are either computationally expensive process or lead to communication overhead. Therefore, this paper presents a novel framework called as FEESR i.e. Framework for Energy Efficient Secure Routing in the heterogeneous wireless sensor network. The novelty of FEESR is its mobility model, the algorithm for the key generation, and validating the keys, which is simpler, lightweight, non-recursive and doesn't generate any communication problems. The proposed mechanism of FEESR adopts an analytical approach and found to exhibit better energy and throughput performance in comparison to the standard hierarchical algorithm.


We study the asymptotic equivalence of the Jin-Xin relaxation model to its formal limit of genuinely nonlinear 2 by 2 conservation laws (isentropic Euler equation in Lagrangian coordinate). We consider the case where the initial data are allowed to have jump discontinuities such that the corresponding solutions to the Euler equation contain centered rarefaction waves. In particular, Riemann data connected by rarefaction curves are included. We show that, as long as the initial data is a small perturbation of a non-vacuum constant state, the solution for the relaxation system exists globally in time and converges, as e —> 0, to the solution of the corresponding Euler equation uniformly except for an initial layer whose width is essentially of order O(e).


This paper is concerned with the existence theory of a semilinear elliptic system. In particular, we will prove that the system has a nontrivial positive solution in some appropriate solution spaces. AMS Subject Classifications: 35B40, 35B05, 35J60 Chinese Library Classifications: O175.27


In the US and Europe heterosexual intercourse appears to be an inefficient way of transmitting HIV whereas in Central Africa it is the predominant mode of transmission. The reason may lie in the fact that standard sexually-transmitted diseases which are prevalent in Africa South of the Sahara act as cofactors in HIV transmission by increasing the number of activated T4 lymphocytes. In developing countries a past history of sexually-transmitted diseases has been found in most AIDS patients -- 50% in Kinshasa 35% in Tanzania 67% in Rwanda 71% in Haiti 70% in Martinique 75% in males in Zimbabwe and 51% in females. Prostitutes are an important reservoir of sexually-transmitted diseases in Africa and HIV seropositivity among prostitutes is increasing rapidly -- 68% in Uganda and 85% in Nairobi. In both the US and Africa there is a high correlation between HIV seropositivity and a past history of syphilis especially among men. Both prospective and retrospective studies have shown an association between past history of genital ulcer disease (mainly chancroid) and HIV seropositivity. In Nairobi among 115 heterosexuals presenting with genital ulcer disease 63% of the HIV seropositives reported a prior episode of genital ulcer disease. Among 123 HIV seronegative prostitutes seroconversion to HIV-positive was significantly associated with occurrence of genital ulcer disease. A study in San Francisco showed that 68% of HIV-seronegative homosexuals became seropositive at the same time as they developed antibodies to herpes simplex type 2. There is also some evidence associating HIV seropositivity with Chlamydia trachomatis and gonorrhea. 5 US cases have been reported of rapid progression of syphilis to tertiary stage in HIV-seropositive patients. The strongest evidence indicates that genital ulcer disease (chancroid syphilis herpes) facilitates the sexual transmission of HIV. Early detection and drug therapy of bacterial sexually-transmitted diseases should be given high priority in primary health care facilities as 1 way of stemming the spread of HIV.


Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging can provide a more accurate estimation of formation permeability, compared to conventional logging methods. In the paper, five models used to estimate NMR permeability are introduced, and optimized through analyzing experiment data from an area in Shengli oilfield, achieving a good geological result.


This paper examines some of the major courseware development, management, and improvement challenges facing UNITAR in the present and increasingly in the future, which include content development/management tools, up-to-date and relevant course materials, and most importantly a mindset change needed to make it happen. The paper will also propose an iterative collaborative courseware development model, where courses and courseware are continuously being edited, updated and enhanced, with a focus on making both the educators and students involvement in the development process more immersive, engaging, and selfdetermined. In addition to the course leader, tutors and students can also play a significant role in the decision-making and creation process of courseware. To enable a collaborative courseware development environment Moodle is considered as the main platform, as it provides a comprehensive set of user-friendly tools to dynamically create and manage content and activities online. This paper is basically a conceptual paper created to re-examine UNITAR's existing courseware scenario and propose a reengineered iterative collaborative courseware development model, which can also be applied to other higher learning institutions.


This paper proposes a novel approach which applies support vector regression (SVR) method to detect office occupancy in smart buildings. The model is able to detect occupancy with two sets of features corresponding to different degrees of convenience. The feature pool is comprised of solar factor, working time, lights energy, indoor temperature, and outdoor temperature, all of which are obtained through mathematical simulation based on the thermal software EnergyPlus. We show different results by setting different parameter values in the SVR model, and demonstrate model comparison on occupant detection. The proposed model displays advantages in occupancy detection which is capable of making accurate detections at low requirements for sensor accuracy and reducing the equipment cost in smart buildings.


Abstract Ferrioxamine E was synthesized in a one step cyclic trimerization of the ferric complex of N-5-aminopentyl-N-(hydroxy)-succinamic acid. This reaction was also performed using gallium (III) as the template. N-5-aminopentyl-N-(hydroxy)-succinamic acid was prepared according to methods described in the literature. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS) allows the detection of the pseudo-molecular ion peaks of Fe(III) and Ga(III) complexes of desferrioxamine E thus prepared. HPLC and 1H and 13C NMR data of the Ga(III)/desferrioxamine E complex are also reported.


The use of drones in illegal activities has increased in recent years. One method for countering their operation in restricted areas is by transmitting a high-powered jamming signal over the frequencies used by the target drone. To improve the performance of jammers, full-duplex is introduced. In full-duplex systems, the transceiver is able to transmit and receive using the same time-frequency resources, which allows a device to conduct spectrum monitoring while preventing drone operations by transmitting jamming. In this study, the self-interference cancelation of typical jamming waveforms is experimentally measured and signal detection is performed over samples with imperfect self-interference cancelation.


Non-certain choice and parallel is a ubiquitous relation between tasks in the business process.Modeling this kind of relation by traditional WF_Net based method will cause duplicated tasks in the model,which brings difficulties to the process mining.Based on event logs,in this paper the non-certain choice and parallel relation was defined,and meanwhile co-operating with synchronized-manager a theorem and the γ algorithm that can determine this relation was proposed. The γ algorithm overcame the limits of current mining algorithm,and it could mine management operation actions while mining the process structure,which greatly improved the applicatory of process mining.The experimental results show that this γ algorithm is effective.


Policy Review, the organ of the conservative Heritage Foundation, devoted their winter 1984 issue to lamenting the failures of the Reagan administration. Publisher M. Stan ton Evans complained that "This has been essentially another Ford Administration, … not much different from any other Republican administration in our lifetime. While the other Senator from Colorado, arch-conservative William Armstrong noted that Reagan had 'managed to polarize the country over budget cuts that didn't happen." "He cut the budget," bemoaned Armstrong, "enough to make the special interests and the press mad, but not enough" to restructure the government. For his part, National Conservative Political Action Committee (NCPAC) chair Terry Donlan has complained of the administration failure to move on its social agenda.


In middle school physics teaching, the design of appropriate problem situations is very important. It can stimulate students' interest in the content of this lesson, enhance students' motivation for learning, and promote the learning efficiency of students' independent cooperative inquiry.


Bleomycin, a new antitumor agent reported to lack myelotoxicity, was administered to 43 patients with disseminated refractory lymphomas. Either a weekly or daily regimen was used and in order to minimize the possibility of pulmonary toxicity, the total cumulative dose limited to 5 mg/kg. In 37 evaluable patients objective > 50% responses were observed in 18 (49%). Three patients are still in unmaintained complete remission after 6-9 mo and a fourth relapsed after 13 mo. Myelotoxicity was conspicuously uncommon and serious pulmonary toxicity occurred in only one patient. Bleomycin has significant activity in the malignant lymphomas and its unique toxic properties make it ideally suited for combined use with other standard agents or singly in previously treated patients, particularly those with marrow depression.


I suggest a model based on a softly broken symmetry ${L}_{e}\ensuremath{-}{L}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{-}{L}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}$ and on Babu's mechanism for the two-loop radiative generation of neutrino masses. The model predicts that one of the physical neutrinos $({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{3})$ is massless and that its component along the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ direction ${(U}_{e3})$ is zero. Moreover, if the soft-breaking term is assumed to be very small, then the vacuum oscillations of ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ have almost maximal amplitude and solve the solar-neutrino problem. New scalars are predicted in the 10 TeV energy range, and a breakdown of $e\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\tau}$ universality should not be far from existing experimental bounds.


The church has for centuries confessed both that the world was created by God and is constantly upheld and ordered by him, and that God also performs marvellous deeds in bringing redemption and restoration to his people. But it is difficult to maintain that the creation is constantly ordered by God, when such deeds appear to involve a setting aside or suspension of the usual order of the creation to permit the extra-ordinary to happen. As a result, it has been necessary to explain the relationship of creation-order and miracle in a way which avoid such apparent conflict.


The psychology of sustainability and sustainable development is related to improvements in people's quality of life in different environments, including the family. Based on this theoretical approach, this study explores the relationships between parenting styles (maternal and paternal support, control, and neglect) and prosocial behavior, aggression, and self-concept of children from Spain aged 4–7 years (M = 5.81; DS = 1.05). Participants were 635 boys and girls (53.7% boys; 46.3% girls) from Valencia and Castellón (Spain). Most parents had low educational levels and low-qualified, temporary jobs. Over 82% of participants were from Spain. The other participants were from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, and Southeast Asia. The results indicate that maternal support and control have the strongest relationships with children's prosocial behavior, aggression, and self-concept, fundamentally as predictors of self-concept and aggression. According to children's perceptions, maternal parenting plays a more prominent role than paternal parenting. Authoritarian and neglectful parenting at these ages seems to be perceived less negatively than at other ages, and the effects of such parenting may arise at a later age. Furthermore, prosocial behavior and self-concept curb aggression. These results can support the design of interventions in childhood.


Epidural anesthesia is rarely administered in Mali despite its many practical advantages and low cost. The authors report the findings of a prospective study conducted in Bamako between May 1993 and August 1999 to explore the application of epidural anesthesia in Mali. Findings are based upon research experience with 567 men and 1213 women aged 15-107 years old of mean age 43 years undergoing subumbilical surgical procedures in 3 of Bamako's hospitals. All subjects were administered anesthesia via peridural lumbar puncture for obstetrical gynecological urological and general surgery procedures. The L3-L4 intervertebral space was most often targeted. Bupivacaine was the preferred local anesthesia used alone in 986 cases (55.39%) followed by lidocaine in 21.41% of cases and ropivacaine and pethidine in 5.17% of cases. Neither unexpected nor undue major complication was encountered. The many advantages and low cost of epidural anesthesia suggest that it should be the preferred approach to the administration of anesthetics for all subumbilical surgery in developing countries.


The last major episode of scabland flooding (approx. 18,000-13,000 years B.P.) left considerable high-water mark evidence in the form of: (1) eroded channel margins; (2) depositional features; (3) ice-rafter erratics; and (4) divide crossings. These were used to reconstruct maximum flood stages and water-surface gradients. Engineering hydraulic calculation procedures allowed the analyses of flood discharges and mean velocities from these data. Secondary flow phenomena, including various forms of vortices and flow separations, are considered to have been the principal erosive processes. The intense pressure and velocity gradients of vortices along the irregular channel boundaries produced the plucking-type erosion.


On Zugspitze (2670 m a.s.l.), Alps, higher concentrations were observed during a winter than during a summer measurement campaign of PAHs, chlorobenzenes (43.6 vs. 2.0 pg/m3) and DDTs (3.7 vs. 1.2 pg/m3), while hexachlorocyclohexanes and PCBs were found at similar levels. The PCB, HCH and DDT levels are among the lowest ever reported from outside the Arctic. Photochemical lifetimes corresponding to kOH < 1.5 are found for ppDDT, kOH < 0.75 for ppDDE and kOH < 1.0 (1012 cm3/molec/s) for ppDDD.


To analyze the diffusion path for spatiotemporal and the main various risk factors of dengue outbreak. And uses for microscopic with the mechanism spatiotemporal data mining. At first level the dengue fever life cycle is analyzed by using the various procedures least square fitting and derivative. Then other methods like spatiotemporal Mapping and spatial analysis will be used to analyze the spatiotemporal hot spots, diffusion path and outbreak phase of the dengue fever. At last this study analysis the relationship between dengue fever and meteorology population, Breteau Index and different factors during dengue outbreak. It can effectively identify risk factors of dengue outbreaks using spatiotemporal and efficient reference for division's provision and controlling the disease. The result from this study shows that life cycle of dengue outbreak can be partitioned into 4 various stages: initial, starting, outbreak and maximum extinction


Pursuing the origin and early application of the word "lǜ" has a significant meaning for study of legal history.However we cannot find more studies on "lǜ"in the past one hundred years and most of these studies were pilot studies following the before old linguistics studies.But the things have changed and systematic and in-depth researches have emerged in the latest ten years,attributing to the diligent and creative working of scholars including professor Zhu and professor Wu.This paper makes a review about the past studies on the word "lǜ" and about the academic debate on changing fǎ to lǜ by ShangYang.


Static wireless charging using resonant inductive principle offers environmental friendly, comfortable and automatic charging solution for electric vehicles. This technology as of now is nascent with few products on the market and leading companies and universities actively engaged in research. On similar lines, a pioneer PhD project was undertaken in 2012 at Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University with objectives of improving system design and developing high power density (weight and dimensions), low cost and low magnetic emissions power inductors for this application. This thesis summarizes the research findings of the study. Wireless charging system as per state of art design approach consists of four major blocks: primary power electronics, inductors, secondary power electronics including load and resonant circuits (capacitors). The first contribution of this project is addition of fifth block named reflected quality factor in the system design. The fifth block similar to the resonant circuits block is dependent on the other blocks but its addition is highly beneficial in understanding and simplification of the system design in two main ways. Firstly, the system can be represented as an equivalent power source and transmission system including the load similar to other electric system like grids. Secondly, design parameters of output power, circuit efficiency and voltage or current stress across resonant components can be expressed as simple functions of the five blocks. Inductors of wireless charging systems mostly consist of the coils and passive shielding materials and are different from inductors used in other industrial and consumer applications as majority of magnetic flux passes through air. The first objective in the inductor design is to explain effect of the shielding materials on the magnetic field path. The objective serves as base for the second objective dealing with minimization of passive shielding usage with respect to power transfer capability, weight, dimensions. There have been two major results obtained during the optimization process. The first set of results show that additional ferrite should be added in center of the inductors above base ferrite as this provides maximum increase in the power transfer per unit weight added. In the second investigation, it is shown that reducing passive shielding (ferrite and aluminum) thickness reflects comparatively lower decrease in the power transfer and efficiency in comparison to high reduction achieved in weight and dimensions of the inductors. Additionally, the same comparative analysis has been shown to be true when commonly used high ferrite grade is replaced by comparatively lower and cheaper ferrite grade. The last objective of this project has been minimization of the magnetic emissions. For this, a semianalytical method has been proposed for calculating ratio of the magnetic emissions at different values of the coil currents for given inductor setup. This method will help in including the emissions as a design parameter for the primary power electronics, secondary power electronics with load and capacitors in addition to the inductor design. For development of the analytical method, space variation of the magnetic emissions is studied first in the project and results show that ratio of secondary coil emission to primary coil emission is constant in the surroundings. This is utilized in introducing the analytical method and three applications have been addressed during the project. In the first application, it is shown that higher load quality factor is favorable for given inverter current and switching frequency as it provides comparatively lower increase in the emissions compared to the output power. In the second application, a novel active shielding method of generating cancellation current in the secondary coil without using additional third coil has been proposed. This is implemented by designing the secondary capacitor bigger than its resonant value and making the secondary circuit inductive. On the negative side, the reduced emissions require higher inverter current and bigger primary capacitor to deliver the same output power. At last, two resonant topologies series-series and series-parallel are compared in term of the emissions for similar power rating. Series-parallel topology has slight advantage over its series-series counterpart on account of additional inductive secondary current component as advised by the results. At the end, a wireless charging system has been designed and constructed as part of the project. The setup delivers output power of approximately 2 kW and 1.2 kW for vertical distance of 10 cm and 20 cm respectively. Measured resonant circuit efficiencies (primary inverter AC terminals to secondary rectifier AC terminals) for the two cases are 89% and 82% respectively. The setup has capability to deliver much higher output power subject to availability of higher current rating input power source.


This chapter contains sections titled: The Importance of Proper Choice of Finite Element Bases Two-Dimensional Finite Element Spaces Relationship Among 2D Finite Element Spaces Gradient, Curl and Divergence Matrices for 2D Finite Element Spaces Three-Dimensional Finite Element Spaces Relationship Among 3D Finite Element Spaces Gradient, Curl and Divergence Matrices for 3D Finite Element Spaces The Spaces Hp(curl) and Hp(div) The Issue of Orthogonality in Hierarchical Bases ]]>


The subsets (CD 3+,CD 4+,CD 8+ and CD 19 +) of T lymphocyte, NK cell and the serum level of immunoglobulins from peripheral blood were detected during the perioperative period in 30 postoperative patients with lung cancer receiving intrapleural PJV and no administration in 29 cases of the control, and the relationship between the serum level and clinical materials was evaluated. As compared with those before operation, the serum level of IgG, IgA and IgM had no obvious changes at the postoperative days; CD 3+, CD 4+ and CD 19 + of the postoperative PVI group were 68.93%, 39.07% and 12.54% respectively and was significantly higher than those in the control group,but CD 8+ was 30.92% and lower than that of the control (37.99%),P0.05. There were significant differences among preoperative stage ⅢA, Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and CD 4+, CD 19 + and NK were 33.24%, 8.25% and 12.29% respectively, and there was a tendency of decrease in the subsets and NK cells,P0.05. There were significant differences in the changes of CD 4+,CD 8 and CD 19 + between preoperative N 1 diseases and N 0 group,P0.05. There was no significant correlation between the perioperative changes of the subsets and NK cells and pathological type.


Made parametric synthesis of the span of beams bridge cranes on the basis of multi variate analysis of their geometrical parameters and combining design and test calculations. Developed the methodical and software for calculation of metal structures of bridge cranes with optimal weight and size characteristics.


In this paper we discuss whether the introduction of the euro may cause price changes. Besides a critical survey of the theoretical arguments supporting price effects, we discuss the empirical evidence on price effects obtained from comparable events. Neither the theoretical arguments nor the empirical findings convincingly support the view that the introduction of the euro will cause a significant rise in prices. Moreover, in the medium term, the introduction of the euro may even lead to lower prices.


A mutant of Alternaria alternata excreted enhanced levels of carboxymethylcellulase and particularly β-glucosidase when grown in cellulose liquid media. Both enzymes were purified two- to four-fold by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration, and the kinetic data showed Km values of 16.64 mg/ml of culture fluid for carboxymethylcellulase and 0.14 mM p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucoside and 0.81 mM cellobiose for β-glucosidase at pH 5. Carboxymethylcellulase and extracellular β-glucosidase functioned optimally at pH 5 to 6 and 4.5 to 5 and at temperatures of 55 to 60 and 70 to 75°C, respectively. Both temperature optima and thermostability of β-glucosidase were among the highest ever reported for the same enzyme excreted from cellulase and β-glucosidase hyperproducing microorganisms.


ZnO/TiO2 composite particles were fabricated through sol-gel method.The phase,crystallographic structure and surface topography of the ZnO/TiO2 composite particles were charactered by XRD and SEM.The antibacterial activities of the ZnO/TiO2 composite particles after ultraviolet irradiation were performed by the K-B disk diffusion method.The results show that the ZnO/TiO2 composite particles display great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The mechanism of antibacterial activity of ZnO/TiO2 composite particles is discussed.The active oxidative species(mainly ·OH),which were produced on the surfaces of ZnO/TiO2 composite particles after ultraviolet irradiation,lead to the great antibacterial activity.


We describe how we created and adopted an agile product development process in a small software company based on the cycles of control framework by combining selected agile practices and principles from the scrum and XP methodologies. Describing the development process using the framework helped in identifying the crucial control points between business and development and enabled defining practical and well-functioning connections between them. The control points enable visibility and flexible management of product development status and direction. Currently business understands development status better, which has led to fewer interruptions between the control points, and thus improved working conditions for development. Positive experiences are reported of newly adopted practices such as scrum meetings, pair programming, and unit testing. However, finding and adopting technical tools to facilitate the process proved to be challenging.


In the operation-oriented paradigm of parallel programming, processes form a client-server relationship among themselves. Servers provide operations which can be called by the clients. The order in which the operations are executed by the server depends on the requirement of maintaining the integrity of the service (synchronization), and offering an efficient and fair service to the clients (scheduling); these two criteria are orthogonal. Parallel programming languages often do not recognize this orthogonality, and sometimes tend to ignore the second criterion. The paper establishes the orthogonality among the different aspects of a process in the operation oriented paradigm and then proposes language constructs to express scheduling independently of other aspects.<<ETX>>


Earthworms are ecosystem engineers, capable of modifying the soil environment they inhabit. Recent evidence indicates that they increase the mobility and availability of potentially toxic elements in soils, but the systematic synthesis of the evidence required to understand mechanisms and identify soils most susceptible to earthworm-induced potentially toxic element mobilisation is lacking. We undertook a meta-analysis of 43 peer reviewed journal articles, comprising 1185 pairwise comparisons to quantify the impact of earthworms on potentially toxic element mobility in bulk earthworm-inhabited soil and earthworm casts and on plant uptake and concentration. We find that earthworms mobilise potentially toxic elements primarily due to the passage of soil through the earthworm gut and that this results in an increase in the concentration and uptake by plants. Earthworms mobilise potentially toxic elements in uncontaminated soils to a greater extent than contaminated soils. Soils with either very low (<2%) or very high (>10%) soil organic matter content are most susceptible to earthworm-induced potentially toxic element mobilisation. These findings have important implications for exotic earthworms burdening plants with toxic metals, but also offer a promising phenomenon that, if harnessed, may help to alleviate micronutrient deficiencies in degraded soils.


Clothing attributes recognition and clothing retrieval have drown a lot of attentions in recent years. However, most of works focus on retrieving the most similar clothing to match the given query image, and ignore user's extra requirements. To address the problem of rigid way for retrieving clothing images, we propose a novel approach for clothing retrieval based on semantic attributes and learned features with deep learning in a customized manner. Given a clothing query and user's extra clothing attributes demands, we use a clothing detector to crop the clothing part out and feed it into a convolution neural network to extract the learned features and recognize semantic attributes, by taking both predicted attributes and required attributes into consideration, we can filter out a lot of irrelevant images in database, at last, we will use the learned features as clothing representation to retrieve remaining clothing images in database. In this way, we will give better matching images according to user's demands and speed up the process of retrieval by filtering out irrelevant images in an elegant way.


This beautifully illustrated book features the magnificent estates built in the early part of the twentieth century by the wealthy residents of Long Island's North Shore. Many of the mansions are no longer standing, making this book a critical archive and monument to their glory. In their heyday, they were inhabited by the aristocracy of America's gilded age, among them Vanderbilts, Phipps, and Pratts. The author's evocative photographs capture the splendor of these once luxurious homes, from the houses' turrets, porticos, columns, and courtyards to their vaulted entry halls, spacious ballrooms, and vast libraries. Accompanied by histories of the estates and the families that built them, this book is a classic and evocative reminder of a bygone era and lifestyle.


The period immediately following World War II was difficult for the Stedelijk Museum, as with many other art museums in Europe, because of the challenge of responding to changed socio-political circumstances, the potential publics these new circumstances suggested and the scant resources available. In exploring these broad themes this paper will focus on the promotion of exhibitions of modern and contemporary art at the Stedelijk Museum in the period 1938 to 1962. It will examine publicity materials produced for these exhibitions, the visual and typographic languages they employed and the role these materials played in the reception of both modern and contemporary art.

Willem Sandberg was the director of the Stedelijk Museum from 1945 to 1962, a period in which it went from provincial obscurity to international renown. Sandberg is seen as central to this change through both his collection policy and the range of temporary exhibitions he organised at the museum. There were tensions evident in both these spheres between the nationalist remit of the museum to serve its metropolitan audience and Sandberg's concern to reflect international developments in contemporary art. In addition to these curatorial decisions Sandberg was also responsible for the design of most of the promotional materials for the museum. It is suggested that these publicity materials also visually and typographically reflect this tension between the national and international identities of the museum and that this would have been evident to the museum's potential publics.


The process interaction world view is widely used in the general simulation community for its expressive power, and is supported by most modern simulation languages. In parallel discrete event simulation, however, its use remains comparatively rare due to the perceived inefficiency (and difficulty) of parallel implementations. We present a new implementation strategy for parallel process-oriented simulation languages. This innovative, semantics-based approach directly addresses two common concerns of such languages. By concentrating on the intrinsic threads of control, we avoid the proliferation of simulation objects (and their associated costs) that might result from a naive translation. More fundamentally, the primary costs associated with process-oriented languages-those of context switching between stacks and, in an optimistic setting, of saving the state of these stacks-are entirely eliminated since our explicit use of continuations avoids the need for stacks in the first place. We similarly obtain cheap and natural thread pre-emption.


By developing the science of calorimetry and the doctrines of sensible and latent heats, Joseph Black separated temperature from heat. Subsequent research by others on the concept of heat capacity led to the Dulong–Petit Law, which can be understood based on the atomic theory of matter.


This thesis presents the development of a stall prevention flight control subsystem, which can easily be integrated into existing flight control architectures of fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV's). This research forms an important part of faulttolerant flight control systems and will ensure that the aircraft continues to operate safely within its linear aerodynamic region. The focus of this thesis was the stall detection and prevention problem. After a thorough literature study on the topic of stall, a model based stall prevention control algorithm with feedback from an angle of attack sensor was developed. This algorithm takes into account the slew rate and saturation limits of the aircraft's servos and is able to predict when the current flight condition will result in stall. The primary concern was stall during wings-level flight and involved the prevention of stall by utilising only the elevator control surface. A model predictive slew rate control algorithm was developed to override and dynamically limit the elevator command to ensure that the angle of attack does not exceed a predefined limit. The stall prevention control system was designed to operate as a switching control scheme, to minimise any restrictions imposed on the existing flight control system. Finally, software in the loop simulations were conducted using a nonlinear aircraft model and realistic sensor noise, to verify the theoretical results obtained during the development of this stall prevention control strategy. A worst-case performance analysis was also conducted to investigate the robustness of the control algorithms against model uncertainties.


We review the construction of $N=1$ supergravity models where the Higgs and super-Higgs effects are simultaneously realized, with naturally vanishing classical vacuum energy and goldstino components along gauge-non-singlet directions: this situation is likely to occur in the effective theories of realistic string models. (Invited talk presented at SUSY--95, Palaiseau, France, 15--19 May 1995)


Joint scheduling and resource allocation in uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is complicated and even becomes intractable with a large subcarrier and a large user number. This paper investigates the resource allocation for OFDM-based multiuser multiple-access relay channels (MARCs) with network coding. We formulate a joint optimization problem considering source-node pairing, subcarrier assignment, subcarrier pairing, and power allocation to maximize the sum rate under per-user power constraints. The problem is solved in polynomial time by optimizing three separate subproblems. To further reduce the complexity, three low-complexity suboptimal algorithms are then proposed when fixing partial resource. The simulation results show the performance gains of the proposed algorithms versus per-node transmit power and source-node number, and the impact of relay location is also evaluated.


Socialization reform of university logistics is a significant research project.The logistics socialization reform of Sun Yat-Sen University has its own characteristics and success.Its experience indicates the direction of socialization reform of university logistics,namely,to lower the cost of running school,to build economical campus,to improve campus logistics management system,to establish logistics inspection and performance assessment system,to create mess hall long-run management system,to apply scientific management tool,to boost logistics'specialization and intensification,and set up new logistics guarantee system.


Power system stability issues have always been of utmost importance and interests. Since the restructuring of power utilities, electric power systems have been strained to operate under much higher stress levels, and closer to their physical and operational limits. Thus system instability issues have become increasingly critical, and are of primary concern during power system operation and planning. This paper investigates the impacts of reactive power re-dispatching and reactive power compensation on static voltage stability margins when evaluating power transfer capability. A mix-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem formulation is proposed here not only to re-distribute reactive power, but also to effectively determine optimum locations and amount of both series and shunt reactive compensation. The well-known branch-and-bound based technique is being employed and tested on a simple test system. Results showed significant enhancements to system static voltage stability margins


Tunnel Switch Diodes (TSDs) exhibit a S-shaped IV curve with negative differential resistance. Because of tunneling, they are able to switch between a low-current, high-resistance state (HRS) and a high-current, low-resistance state (LRS) fast, making them promising for high-speed memory. The TSD consists of a thin tunnel barrier on top of a pn junction. In the HRS state, the barrier allows only a small tunneling current through. When biased beyond a switching voltage the p-layer of the pn-junction depletes from the surface field-effect, and the surface depletion edge reaches the depletion edge of the buried pn diode. This turns the buried diode on, which floods the p-layer with electrons. Much of these electrons become trapped in the top triangular quantum well barrier, self-biasing the device. Since this state is unstable, the drop in electric field moves from p-layer to barrer, with a sudden onset of tunneling current when the TSD reaches the LRS [Fig. 1(b)]. Reducing the applied bias reverses this process and the TSD switches back to the HRS state. The switching voltage can be found with Vs = qNA(tp - xdep.)2)/2ϵsemi ϵo + tbarrier√2qϵsemiNAφs/ϵbarrierϵo, where NA is the acceptor doping concentration, xdep is the pn junction depletion width in the p-layer, tp and tbarrier are the thicknesses of the p-layer and tunneling barrier, and ϵsemi and ϵbarrier are the relative dielectric constants of p-layer and the barrier and φs is the surface potential needed to deplete the p-layer. TSDs were studied in SiO2/Si and in AlSb/GaSb heterostructures recently. Advances in GaN pn-diodes and polarization physics present an exciting opportunity to realize TSDs with new functionality. This work demonstrates GaN homojunction and heterojunction TSDs for the first time.


controls. Histological examination of the gonads confirmed the presence of very abundant lutein tissue and demonstrated the formation of this tissue about the egg in unruptured, normal follicles and in atretic follicles. Ripe, normal Graafial follicles were invariably absent. A powerful, specific stimulus to lutein cell transformation has thus been effected by this hormone. Aside from the fact that it is tolerated only in smaller quantities, fresh posterior hypophyseal substance gave none of the above characteristic effects upon growth, oestrus and ovulation in animals as compared with similar care with litter mate sisters. I * Aided by grants from the Committee on Scientific Research of the American Medical Association.


'Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, 800 Madison Ave., Memphis, TN 38163. Address reprint requests to A. A. Duke. 2Department of Radiology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1030 Jefferson Ave., Memphis, TN 38104. 3 Baptist Memorial Hospital/University of Tennessee, Memphis, 10 North Pauline, Memphis, TN 38146. 4Department of Radiology, LeBonheur Children's Medical Center, 848 Adams Ave., Memphis, TN 38103. 261


Composition teaching is an important part in Chinese teaching. However, in the past, the composition teaching had a tendency;emphasizing on teacher' guide, belittling the development on students' skills. Therefore. In order to meet the quality education and new lesson innovation, we should guide students to read in plan, to write in aim. We also should evaluate students' works in accordance with their contents.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of different strategies for disseminating evaluation results to program stakeholders.

METHODS
The results from a process evaluation of eight states' tobacco control programs were disseminated to the state programs that were assigned to one of four dissemination conditions: print reports only, reports and web site, reports and workshop, or all three dissemination modes. Key measures included levels of usefulness of the evaluation results and satisfaction of participation by study participants.

RESULTS
Although exposure to the web site and workshop individually did not provide a statistically higher degree of usefulness, a clear upward trend was observed in usefulness as the number of dissemination modes increased. Participants who engaged in all three dissemination modes found the results more useful (P < .05) for their work and the work of their agency than participants using one or two dissemination modes. Participants who engaged in the three dissemination modes also appeared to be more likely to share the results with their colleagues (P = .06).

CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that disseminating evaluation results through multiple, active modes increased usefulness, satisfaction, and further dissemination of the results. Evaluators should consider implementing more than one mode of dissemination to share findings with stakeholders.


A simple, relatively accurate method for determining the Hg vapor pressure of amalgams at elevated temperatures is described. The transmission of 2537 A radiation through an evacuated quartz optical cell containing the amalgam is compared with that of a similar cell containing only Hg, using a spectroradiometer. After plotting log transmission vs 1/T °K for each of the cells, the Hg vapor pressure of the amalgam is found by determining the temperature at which the Hg cell shows the same transmission as the amalgam, and reference to a table of Hg vapor pressure vs temperature.


This chapter assesses how works of praise valued urban buildings and layouts, and places this type of praise into the context of a boom in construction activity in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries which changed the visage of many cities. It explores some of the built structures that dominate panegyric, like circuit walls, gates, and towers. Religious infrastructure is also central to these works of praise, but they are examined in Chapter 3 and so here we look primarily at 'secular' buildings. The chapter will finally consider how urban panegyric engaged with the development of cities as they crystallized into metropolises and asserted their political function as centres of public power both within wider polities (as 'quasi-capital' cities) and as autonomous entities in their own right.


I. IntroductionClimate change presents immense risks and challenges for nations throughout the world, and it is clear that anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions must be drastically reduced in order to avert potentially devastating impacts on the global environment. The Parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) recognize the need for developed countries to reduce emissions and take action to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.* 1 However, the UNFCCC Parties (Parties) also recognize that measures taken by developed countries to mitigate climate change-known as response measures-could negatively impact developing economies and impede sustainable development efforts.2 Developing country Parties have consistently argued that implementation of unilateral response measures taken by developed countries will hinder economic development in developing countries, especially if such measures affect international trade. The UNFCCC addresses these concerns by declaring that " [m] easures taken to combat climate change, including unilateral ones, should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade."3 Moreover, it requires all Parties to "give full consideration to what actions are necessary ... to meet the specific needs and concerns of developing country Parties arising from . . . the impact of the implementation of response measures."4The response measures debate has evolved over the past decade, but the Parties have yet to agree on a solution to this complex issue that remains a significant concern for many developing countries. Although an agreement to compensate oil-producing developing states for lost oil revenues-which was one of the underlying goals of the early response measures debate-seems improbable, some compromise is needed because many response measures are expected to adversely affect developing country economies. For example, a carbon tax on aviation fuels could raise airfare just enough to reduce the number of tourists willing to travel to remote destinations, and biofuel production mandates may increase the cost of agricultural imports. At the same time, the impacts of climate change will be felt on a global scale, and response measures constitute a necessary component of climate change mitigation. Indeed, developing countries are demanding that developed countries act now to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Clearly, a path must be found to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions while harming developing country economies as little as possible. The response measures debate must therefore be reframed in a manner that accounts for these diverse concerns and objectives.In proposing options for reframing the response measures debate, this Article recognizes certain baseline viewpoints of the Parties that are unlikely to change. First, developed countries will not agree to an outright ban on unilateral response measures. Indeed, it may be necessary to allow unilateral measures in order to convince certain developed countries to reduce emissions domestically. Second, many developing countries will be unwilling to accept obligations unless the negative impacts of response measures are addressed in a meaningful way. Third, developed countries must adopt response measures if they are to mitigate their greenhouse gas emissions, but some of these measures will cause the price of carbon to rise and affect economies worldwide.With these assumptions in mind, we propose four options, although not necessarily mutually exclusive, for reframing the response measures debate:* A notification and consultation approach in which a Party must notify all other Parties prior to implementing a response measure and which allows Parties concerned about the effects of a response measure to require consultations if it believes impacts to developing country economies are not adequately addressed.* A "traffic light system" in which certain response measures are always prohibited (red light), some are always permitted (green light), and others may require additional scrutiny (amber light). …


Deformed multi-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ hypernuclei are studied within a relativistic mean-field model. In this paper, I take some $N=Z$ ``hyper-isotope'' chains, i.e., $_{\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}n\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}^{8+n}\mathrm{Be},\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}_{\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}n\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}^{20+n}\mathrm{Ne}$, and $_{\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}n\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}^{28+n}\mathrm{Si}$ systems where $n=2,\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}4$ for Be and $n=2,\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}8$ for Ne and Si. A sign of two-$_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}^{6}\mathrm{He}$ cluster structure is observed in the two-body correlation in $_{4\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}^{12}\mathrm{Be}$. In the Ne hyper-isotopes, the deformation is slightly reduced by addition of $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ hyperons, whereas it is significantly reduced or even disappears in the Si hyper-isotopes.


1. Normal Anatomy.- 2. Developmental Abnormalities.- 3. Caries and Periodontal Disease.- 4. The Results of Trauma.- 5. Periapical Changes.- 6. Resorption and Root Canal Treatment.- 7. Cysts of the Jaws.- 8. Neoplasms and Tumour-like Lesions of the Jaws.- 9. Osteodystrophies involving the Skull and Jaws.


Indecision Points: George W. Bush and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, by Daniel E. Zoughbie. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2014. 227 pages. $24.95.Reviewed by Brent E. SasleyIndecision Points tells the story of the George W. Bush Administration's waffling, and ultimately disastrous, policies toward the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, as they were embedded in the larger goal of democratizing the Middle East. Indeed, this fantastical objective, known as the freedom agenda, was unrealistic because it relied on American power alone and caused a number of contradictory foreign policy decisions. These were both facilitated and exacerbated by the intra-administration battles between neoconservatives and realists.The volume is divided into eight chapters, which correspond to specific periods mapping out the ascendency and decline of the combatants during the Bush presidency. To track this internecine warfare - and it really was a war - Daniel Zoughbie relies primarily on interviews with key players in the United States, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, the United Kingdom, and Jordan. The book is particularly useful because it acknowledges complexity in Washington's Middle East policy. A book-length treatment of this topic is needed in an era when pundits and ideologues who write on the same issues dominate the electronic public sphere.Running through the text are several threads, important on their own but also highly relevant because of what they tell us about American foreign policy. One is that Bush held firm beliefs in the divine nature of individual rights and freedoms, and these informed his policy preferences. This contributed to a deeply felt Manichaean view of the world. Yet at the same time there is a clear sense that Bush was a weak president ("easily influenced" and "confused" by conflicting advice [p. 40]). Not only did he have trouble deciding on a strategic course (despite his inclinations), but he could not - or would not - control the fighting within his administration, and therefore tended to let others make decisions for him.A second thread is the sheer naivete of many of the principals in the government. Their ideological commitments led to strange assumptions about cause and effect in the Middle East; and if they did not assume, then they simply did not think about it. The most evident example is the reaction to the 2006 Palestinian elections, which Hamas won. Bush first supported the elections on the basis of promoting democracy, then opposed the outcome because the government considered Hamas a terrorist organization. This not only meant an abandonment of the freedom agenda, but also contributed to the division of the Palestinian government between Fatah and Hamas.At times incredulity is the only plausible reaction. For example, Bush officials considered finding and installing a Hashemite on the throne in Iraq to transition the country into a democracy (pp. 34-35). Their hubris - predicated on their perception of the ability of the United States to translate an idea into a perfectly executed policy - seemed to know no bounds. Zoughbie mentions throughout the text the neoconservatives' thoughts were turned not just to Iraq and Israel/Palestine, but Iran and Syria as well.A third thread is the entwined nature of these officials' beliefs about American interests and Israel. For most of them the two were inseparable - not in the sense that they were loyal to Israel over America, but rather that they believed a firm commitment to Israel was simply part of American values and interests. …


Objective To explore the smoking behavior and its influencing factors among adolescents of Zhuhai City, providing scientific basis for setting up effective smoking-prevention measures. Method A sample survey based on (stratified) probability samples of 2 480 junior and high school students in Zhuhai City was conducted. Results The results revealed that 29.4% of surveyed respondents, 42.0% of males, 14.6% of females, reported having ever tried smoking. The gender difference was statistically significant. These smokers 62.9% can buy cigarettes from store or floating sales; 84.9% of the students admitted that they can buy cigarettes from store of floating sales easy; 65.5% of these responders declared that both of the parents or one of their parents were smoking; 44.5% of the students responded that their school had never conducted any smoking control activities. The results also showed that 96.2% of the students had a correct understanding on the harmful effects of smoking, compared to the high rate of their smoking behavior, we can find that their knowledge, concepts and behavior were separated. Conclusion Adolescents attempting smoking is common, parents' and peer's smoking behavior have a strong influence on their smoking behavior. Improve their abilities to resist to smoking and create tobacco-free environment in families, schools, communities to prevent the adolescents from smoking is important, and selling cigarettes to adolescents should be forbidden.


This article examines how forgiveness has been used in the past as an intervention in individual and family therapy and summarizes the contextual model of therapy which supports its use. The article also defines and explains the concepts of forgiveness and relational ethics as they have been used by proponents of contextual as well as other transgenerational models of therapy. Finally, the authors present two case studies as examples of how forgiveness can be a helpful intervention. The case examples are followed by data from follow-up interviews, discussion and conclusions. In a review of the literature, it is clear that the concept of forgiveness has been used widely in a number of therapeutic applications. Smedes (1984) described forgiveness as a way to heal oneself and finally come together with those by whom one has been wronged. Similarly, Fisher (1985) argued that given a client with borderline personality disorder presents as a shame based identity of two persons composed of a bad self and good mother, one goal of therapy should be the provision of a way for the client to accept and forgive the imperfection of the client's biological parents. Joy (1985) suggested forgiveness as an intervention to use with clients who are experiencing post-abortal grief. Similarly, Fitzgibbons (1986) defined forgiveness as the process whereby a person ceases to feel resentment for a hurt, and is willing to pardon the person who harmed him or her. Hope (1987) suggested that forgiveness is a paradoxical act that has the effect of reframing the problem, which releases the person from the need to seek revenge. Similarly, Schneider (1989) suggested the use of forgiveness as an intervention with couples where one or both parties present for therapy because of sexual addiction and compulsive sexual behavior. Finally, Worthington and Diblasio (1990) and Diblasio and Proctor (1993), argued that clients should be encouraged to grant forgiveness. It is assumed such acts of exoneration reframe the grantor's perception of past wrongs. Likewise, clients who have harmed another should be encouraged to express remorse and make some visible act or sign that demonstrates a willingness to change. It is assumed these actions restore intimacy and encourage empathy between conflicted persons. CONTEXTUAL FAMILY THERAPY The idea of forgiveness as an intervention in family therapy is associated closely with the contextual model of therapy as developed by Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy (Boszormenyi-Nagy, 1987; Boszormenyi-Nagy & Krasner,1986; and Boszormenyi-Nagy & Spark,1984). Contextual therapy is a transgenerational model of therapy that posits that all persons are born into families where they are bound together by systems of relatedness and obligation. Who and what a person is, and how one behaves, are wedded to one's family, culture and systems of belief, and the basic trustworthiness and inherent justice of these relationships. Boszormenyi-Nagy postulated that people are affected by and influence their world along four relational realities which are true of all humans and human relationships: (a) the objectifiable facts of individual development, growth and culture; (b) individual psychological and physiological makeup as a person; (c) the systemic patterns through which people are connected to others within social and familial relationships; and (d) relational ethics, or the ethics of due consideration, which refer to the assumption that human relationships remain stable over a period of time by the capacity of related persons to maintain trust and trustworthiness in their relationships (Boszormenyi-Nagy,1987; Boszormenyi-Nagy & Krasner, 1986; and Boszormenyi-Nagy & Spark, 1984). Finally, the authors cited above view the seeking of forgiveness, and the willingness of the wrongdoer to change, as important factors in helping conflicted families rebuild trust after a breach in a relationship bond. FORGIVENESS AND RELATIONAL ETHICS Hargrave and Anderson (1992) and Hargrave (1994a, 1994b) have also suggested forgiveness as an intervention in family therapy. …


Vitiligo and thyroid disease are well known to be associated. Sera from 22 patients of vitiligo without any clinical evidence for thyroid dysfunction were assayed for triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyrotropin levels. Six cases showed increased levels for triiodothyronine. This appears to be an adaptive change.


Optical frequency multiplication based on electrooptical modulation is an effective way to generate high-spectral-purity and frequency-tunable subterahertz waves. The previously demonstrated frequency-doubling and quadrupling techniques based on a Mach-Zehnder modulator have a low multiplication factor and suffer from bias drift problem and residual chirp. In this paper, a novel approach to achieving frequency sextupling using a polarization modulator and a wavelength-fixed optical notch filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The method is free from bias drift problem and residual chirp, which can be used to generate high-spectral-purity subterahertz wave signals using relatively low-frequency electrical and optical devices. By using a narrow-bandwidth fiber Bragg grating as a wavelength-fixed optical notch filter, a high-spectral-purity microwave signal tunable from 18 to 27.6 GHz is generated when a microwave drive signal from 3 to 4.6 GHz is applied to the polarization modulator. The phase noise of the generated signal is measured as low as -107.57 dBc/Hz at a 10-kHz offset frequency. By replacing the narrow-bandwidth notch filter by an optical interleaver, a subterahertz wave tunable from 66 to 114 GHz is generated when the drive signal is tuned from 11 to 19 GHz. The distribution of the generated signal over optical fiber is investigated. The results show that the quality of the distributed subterahertz wave signal is maintained after transmission over a 40-km standard single-mode fiber.


Surprisingly (or not), I am sometimes greeted with skeptical grins from members of the audience at seminars when I explain that I use rats, mice and guinea pigs to attempt to understand the causes of schizophrenia. (Yeah, right, a schizophrenic rat!) This has prompted me to reflect on a few of the significant contributions to the understanding and treatment of schizophrenia that have been made and are currently being made through work with rats and other laboratory animals. Animal models continue to be useful in understanding how clinically effective antipsychotic drugs work, from the initial finding that typical neuroleptic drugs are effective in schizophrenia because of dopamine D2 receptor blockade to newer notions, for example, that second-generation antipsychotic drugs may also affect neurodegeneration, synaptic plasticity and remodelling. In addition to leading to improved therapeutics, this type of knowledge can also provide impetus toward understanding aspects of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The interaction of neuroleptics with dopamine receptors was the key component of the rationale for the still-prevailing theory that schizophrenia involves a dysregulation of brain dopamine function, while the discovery that the psychotomimetic, phencyclidine, blocks Nmethyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors led to the idea of glutamatergic hypofunction in schizophrenia. With respect to existing neuroleptics, animal models have contributed significantly toward understanding the mechanisms involved in such deleterious side effects as extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia and, more recently, metabolic effects resulting in weight gain. Recent reports that clozapine has greater antipsychotic efficacy than other atypical neuroleptic drugs for treatment-nonresponsive schizophrenia and that weight gain induced by clozapine correlates with antipsychotic response indicate that much is still unknown about mechanism of action of existing antipsychotic medications. Animal models are certain to play a key role in investigating novel possibilities, such as the notion that metabolic effects somehow contribute to clozapine's antipsychotic efficacy. Of course, preclinical work in laboratory animals continues to spearhead the search for innovative drug therapy in schizophrenia. In addition to illuminating the search for agents interacting with various combinations of neurotransmitter sites, animal models are central to the development of additional/alternative therapeutic approaches, such as the current search for enhancers of cognition and perception . In this respect, animal models of learning, memory, attention, sensorimotor information processing and social recognition have not only increased our understanding of the modulation of these cognitive processes but also provide requisite tools in the search for compounds to enhance function. Although some people might easily agree that lower animals could be useful in predicting drug efficacy, there appears to be more hesitation in conceding that animals could be used to understand the pathophysiology and causes of such a consummately human disorder as schizophrenia. I agree that we will never be able to model the complete disorder of schizophrenia in a rat — there is no such thing as a schizophrenic rat or even an animal model of (the whole of) schizophrenia. However, to borrow a term from the genetic literature, what one can model in laboratory animals are "endophenotypes" relevant to schizophrenia. Because of the inherent complexity of psychiatric disorders and the heterogeneity of diagnostic categories, psychiatric geneticists have proposed that it may be simpler and more fruitful to search for genes for "subclinical traits" or "facets" of the phenotype of schizophrenia (endophenotypes) — these may involve fewer genes. Similarly in animal modelling, one can model a variety of endpoints or endophenotypes characteristic of schizophrenia and seek to understand their physiology and regulation. With respect to etiology, one can attempt to understand genetic and environmental factors involved in modulating these specific endophe-


The objective of this study is to analyze the sports confidence characteristics in sepaktakraw players. This study perfonned a survey on the four sub-areas in sports confidence(ability improvement, social support, coach leadership, and physical and mental preparation). Sample size is a total of 209 players, such as 109 male and 100 female registered in the Korea Sepaktakraw Association(51 national players, 41 junior players, and 117 regular players). As a result, the conclusion of the analysis can be summarized as follows: First, in the analysis of the sports confidence according to sex, female players showed higher levels in the areas of social support and mental and physical preparation than that of male players significantly. Second, in the analysis of the sports confidence according to career, players with high career represented high sports confidence levels. I Third, in the analysis of the sports confidence according to performance, the national players showed higher levels than regular players in the social support. Also, the national players represented higher levels than the junior and regular players in the mental and physical preparation. Fourth, the players who show high performance represented higher levels in sports confidence than other players. In the sub-areas that showed significant differences in the results statistically, the very best players showed higher levels than the best players in the social support and coach leadership, and the very best players represented higher levels than the best and regular players in the mental and physical preparation.


This study is a part of an extensive research of creep development in softwood (Pinus sylvestris) timber beams under natural environmental conditions. Large size test data sample obtained during long-term (approximately one and half year) static loading of timber beams in a four-point bending simulating the real service conditions of roof structures for winter and non-snow period has been processed and results presented. The correlation between creep deformation and its affecting factors, such as span to height ratio of beam, percent of latewood and width of year ring (a growth ring formed during a single year), orientation of year ring segments against main axis of cross section, number of year rings in 1 cm of wood, and density of wood have been analyzed and corresponding coefficients of correlation presented. It is concluded that the most significant creep development affecting factor is density of wood. Strong relationship between creep development and width of year ring, number of year rings in 1 cm of wood and density of wood was observed during test. Orientation of year ring segments against the main axis of cross section, amount of latewood and span/depth ratio do not have noteworthy direct influence on creep development in terms of this study. Temperature can be neglected as creep affecting factor in terms of this study but in the moments of sharp raise or fall of temperature, almost immediate effect on creep development was recorded.


We prove a recent conjecture of Egge, Haglund, Killpatrick and Kremer (Elec. J. Combin. 10 (2003), #R16), which gives a combinatorial formula for the coefficients of a hook shape in the Schur function expansion of the symmetric function ∇en, which Haiman (Invent. Math. 149 (2002), 371 − 407) has shown has a representation-theoretic interpretation. More precisely, we show that 〈∇en, en−dhd〉 can be expressed as ∑ qareatbounce, where the sum is over all Schröder lattice paths and area, bounce are simple statistics on these paths. For d = 0 this reduces to Garsia and Haglund's formula for the q, t-Catalan sequence (PNAS 98 (2001), 43134316). Our results build on symmetric function identities for sums of generalized Pieri coefficients and Macdonald polynomials due to Bergeron, Garsia, Haiman and Tesler (Asian J. Math. 6 (1999), 363−420) and Garsia and Haglund (Discrete Math. 256 (2002), 677-717). We also derive several transformation identities for sums of rational functions occurring in the theory of Macdonald polynomials and Diagonal Harmonics, and apply these to obtain a combinatorial formula for 〈∇en, hn−dhd〉. We discuss how our formulas for 〈∇en, en−dhd〉 and 〈∇en, hn−dhd〉 prove two special cases of a recent conjecture of Haglund, Haiman, Loehr, Remmel and Ulyanov.


Internal causes of working on selforganized criticality of sandpiles are the size and structure of sandpiles, and external cause is the outside perturbation. The size and structure of sandpiles determine sandpiles whether or not can appear selforganized criticality. Different ways of perturbation has different critical point at which selforganized criticality appears; Different intensity of perturbation causes branching between selforganized criticality and nonselforganized criticality; The perturbation shows how selforganized criticality appears and the critical point at which it appears; The perturbation works on selforganized criticality only by the size and structure of sandpiles. Selforganized criticality appears when internal and external causes act each other, and maintain macroscopic stabilization of sandpiles in the critical state. 


The Realizer, a system which automatically configures a network of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to implement large digital logic designs, is presented. Logic and interconnect are separated to achieve optimum FPGA utilization. The interconnection architecture, called the partial crossbar, greatly reduces system-level placement and routing complexity, achieves bounded interconnect delay, scales linearly with pin count, and allows hierarchical expansion to systems with hundreds or thousands of FPGA devices in a fast and uniform way. An actual multiboard system has been built, using 42 XC3090 FPGAs for logic. A 32-b CPU datapath has been automatically realized and operated at speed, and demonstrates very good FPGA utilization.<<ETX>>


The entropy change calculated from the temperature coefficient of electromotive force of a reversible galvanic cell, in which the compositions of some of the phases vary with temperature, corresponds to a unique correct chemical reaction. The equivalence of methods suggested by Barieau and by Li for determining this correct reaction is shown. The method of Barieau is simpler and more direct and presents the results in a more convenient form.


The importance of concurrent disturbances to the maintenance of plant species diversity in grasslands has been emphasized by several authors, but there are few studies comparing different disturban...


This article makes a comparison among the different layout plans for L-type irregular isolation structure,finally confirms the optimal one and carries out of structural damping analysis on it.It evaluates three different plans in aspects of building function and damping effect,then conducts w ind resistance calculation and nonlinear time-history analysis under earthquake action on the optimal plan.As different plans w ill produce different building functions and damping effects,therefore,it is necessary to make comprehensive evaluation.The conclusion indicates that through effective layout of isolation layer support,L-type isolation structure could enable structural centroid and stiffness center to coincide as far as possible,so as to reduce structural torsional effect;the result of nonlinear time-history analysis of optimal plan under earthquake actions indicates a good structural damping effect w ith all indexes meeting w ith the specified requirements;and the L-type isolation structure may choose the layout plan of complete connection inside the structures above the isolation layer,w hich not only keeps good building function but also acquires excellent damping effect.How ever the layout plan w ith tw o structures w holly separated can be applied as w ell.


EFERENCE to philosophic principles in special or technical discussions to expose erroneous assumptions and to establish common grounds for judgments of fact or value could not be justified easily by the record of its success in producing agreement. Philosophers have frequently professed to have resolved philosophic disagreements by applying scientific principles to a subject matter for the first time or to have re-