Sensitivity of aerosol optical thickness and aerosol direct radiative effect to relative humidity H. Bian, M. Chin, J. Rodriguez, H. Yu, J. E. Penner, and S. Strahan Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Received: 20 February 2008 – Accepted: 17 June 2008 – Published: 11 July 2008 Correspondence to: H. Bian (firstname.lastname@example.com) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.


Low-carbon economy development has become a consensus in our country world. The new rural construction and development in low-carbon industry,low-carbon agriculture,low-carbon travel,low-carbon life and high C remit,is the best way to promote harmonious urban environment and sustainable development.


Background: The impacts of the news of a child/adolescent with cancer are devastating for the patient and his family. This study highlights - through a systematic literature review - the main conse quences on the pediatric oncology patient's family, while facing the cancer situation.


The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machines, and especially relates to a converse speed-difference follow-up wedge-shaped shovel type apparatus for cleaning weeds and soil on a disc surface. A disc shaft is connected with a disc via a shaft sleeve, and the center position of the upper surface of the disc is provided with a gear box in which a gear shaft is installed; the disc shaft is sleeved by a large gear, the gear shaft is sleeved by a small gear, and the small gear is engaged with the large gear; and one end of the gear shaft penetrates the cover of the gear box, and is fixedly connected with one end of a Z type wedge-shaped shovel. When the apparatus works, the disc rotates and drives the disc shaft to rotate, the rotating disc shaft drives the wedge-shaped shovel to conversely rotate on the disc surface via the gear group and the gear shaft, thereby realizing the purpose of cleaning weeds and soil on the disc surface. The gear box installed on the disc surface is designed in a modularization manner, and the apparatus is simple in structure and convenient to mount and dismount, and can be directly installed on a conventional disc furrow opener.


Correlational studies of the fear of death completed over the last decade are reviewed. Research topics, trends, and findings are compared to earlier research on death anxiety correlates. Emphasis is placed on definitions of the construct, measurement techniques, concepts of death, and the variables of sex, age, occupation, socioeconomic status, value orientation, levels of awareness, and relationships between death anxiety and an array of personality variables. Suggestions for future areas of research are made.


In the article the authors present the results of the computer simulations of the power conditioner which improves the current waveforms absorbed from the network by asymmetrical and nonlinear leads. This power conditioner was realized using a transistor frequency changer supplied by the high frequency LC tank circuit. The transistor converter was controlled by the method of pulse density modulation, so its transistors were switched with zero voltage.


Summary This study has investigated the interaction of raised extracellular magnesium and agents which act via cAMP with respect to inhibition of platelet aggregation and effects on platelet cAMP accumulation. Iloprost (3 ng/ml) and PGD2 (0.2 μg/ml) each caused time dependent increases in platelet cAMP which were significantly greater in the presence of 3 mM added MgS04 (p <0.01). Addition of ADP (5 μM) resulted in a fall in cAMP which remained higher in the presence of MgS04 (p <0.01). Forskolin (5 μg/ml) and DN9693 (100 μM) also caused increments in platelet cAMP but these responses were not influenced by added MgS04. Addition of ADP resulted in a further increase in cAMP which was augmented by MgS04 (p <0.03). This increase was abolished by adenosine deaminase (1.2 U/ml). These experiments show that MgS04 can modify the cAMP responses produced by iloprost and PGD2 and by forskolin and DN9693 when ADP is present. It appears that as well as inhibiting, ADP can also stimulate cAMP production under certain experimental conditions. This appears to be due to breakdown of ADP to adenosine.


This thesis highlights a variety of aspects within the field of mobile robots. The hinge is system architecture for mobile robots. For a mobile robot to be put into operation all necessary systems ...


Objective:To study the application of digital three-dimensional reconstructed titanium mesh in repairing large skull defects.Methods:Ten cases of large skull defects repaired with digital three-dimensional reconstructed titanium mesh in selective operations were retrospectively analyzed.Results:All cases were repaired satisfactorily.There was no severe complication including wound infection,restore-material displacing or revealing happened.Conclusions:The digital three-dimensional reconstructed titanium mesh had advantages including good inosculation and low rejection,it could be the first selecting material to repair large skull defects.


The conformation of three amyloidogenic peptides; amyloid beta 1-40 (Aβ1-40), alpha synuclein (α-syn), and beta-2-microglobulin (β2m) are closely associated with the process of causing neurodegenerative diseases. Use of a peptide adsorbed gold nano-particle system allowed us to investigate the interactive segment of each peptide responsible for peptide-peptide networking, which is crucial to initiate the formation of an oligomer and leads to fibrillogenesis. The adsorption orientation of the amyloidogenic peptides on the nano-gold colloid spherical surface was explained by simulating how much area of the metal surface was covered by the peptides, i.e., coverage ratio, Θ. The empirically extracted Θ was explained by the summation of the 1st layer and the 2nd layer with a spiking-out orientation of the prolate. Of note, the involvement of the 2nd layer was peptide type dependent. The nano-size dependence of Θ was linearly correlated with available spacing between adjacent peptides, Sd , which were approximated as prolates, For Aβ1-40 and α-syn, the 2nd layer was more included as Sd increased. In contrast, β2m was found to gyrate over the gold surface as Sd increased, creating a partially positive (δ+) region and repelling the extra β2m from the surface. Thus, as Sd decreased, it prohibited the gyration of β2m resulting in less δ+ region, and more β2m monomers were adsorbed with δ+ segment as the 2nd layer than the case where β2m gyrates more under relatively larger Sd . Based on the trend found in an experimentally extracted Θ as a function of Sd , optimized charge distribution of Aβ1-40 and α-syn were concluded to be negative partial charge (δ-) region that was covered by the positive partial charge (δ+) region. However, β2m may have a relatively large and/or distributed δ+ region with a small portion of δ- at the one end of a prolate. The characterization made in this work confirmed current understandings on the formation of the protein corona over nano-particles


Perfusion images guide acute stroke management, yet few studies have been able to systematically investigate CT perfusion collected during routine care because the measures are stored in proprietary formats incompatible with conventional research analysis pipelines. We illustrate the potential of harnessing granular data from these routine scans by using them to identify the association between specific areas of hypoperfusion and severity of object naming impairment in 43 acute stroke patients. Traditionally, similar analyses in such sample sizes face a dilemma:simple models risk being too constrained to make accurate predictions, while complex models risk overfitting and producing poor out-of-sample predictions. We demonstrate that evaluating the stability rather than out-of-sample predictive capacity of features in a nested cross-validation scheme can be an effective way of controlling model complexity and stabilizing model estimates across a variety of different regression techniques. Specifically, we show that introducing this step can determine model significance, even when the regression model already contains an embedded feature selection or dimensionality reduction step, or if a subset of features is manually selected prior to training based on expert knowledge. After improving model performance using more complex regression techniques, we discover that object naming performance relies on an extended language network encompassing regions thought to play a larger role in different naming tasks, right hemisphere regions distal to the site of injury, and regions and tracts that are less typically associated with language function. Our findings especially emphasize the role of the left superior temporal gyrus, uncinate fasciculus, and posterior insula in successful prediction of object naming impairment. Collectively, these results highlight the untapped potential of clinical CT perfusion images and demonstrate a flexible framework for enabling prediction in the limited sample sizes that currently dominate clinical neuroimaging.


The inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is one powerful technique to study the low-energy single-spin dynamics of the magnetic materials. A variety of quantum magnets show novel magnetic correlations such as of quantum spin liquids. These novel magnetic correlations are beyond the direct detection of the INS. In this article we propose a coincidence technique, coincidence inelastic neutron scattering (cINS), which can detect the two-spin magnetic correlations of the magnetic materials. In the cINS there are two neutron sources and two neutron detectors with an additional coincidence detector. Two neutrons from the two neutron sources are incident on the target magnetic material and they are scattered by the electron spins of the magnetic material. The two scattered neutrons are detected by the two neutron detectors in coincidence with the coincidence probability described by a two-spin Bethe-Salpeter wave function. Since the two-spin Bethe-Salpeter wave function defines the momentum resolved dynamical wave function with two spins excited, the cINS can detect explicitly the two-spin magnetic correlations of the magnetic material. Thus it can be introduced to study the various spin valance bond states of the quantum magnets.


The famous experiment of Tyndall, which explained the blue color of the sky, was to focus in a narrow pencil the extremely powerful light from an electric arc, and to examine the "Tyndall beam" from the side, against a dark background. The young Lord Rayleigh has recently measured in this manner the light scattered by gas molecules themselves. Such light is of a saturated blue color and the theory of the late Lord Rayleigh indicates that its intensity (/) increases with the size of particle according to the relation


Chemical conditioning of hay consists of spraying an aqueous solu tion of potassium and sodium carbonates on the crop at the time of mowing. It is known to increase the drying rate of legumes, especially alfalfa, but it has very little effect on grasses. Chemical conditioning was applied on a relatively pure alfalfa stand, on mixed alfalfa-grass and on pure grass (predominantly timothy). Under good weather con ditions during the first cutting, the first-day drying rate of pure and mixed alfalfa increased by 13 and 9%, respectively. Timothy did not benefit from chemical conditioning. Over a 2-d period, the difference between pure and mixed alfalfa vanished; overall increase in the drying rate was 10%. During the second cutting and under humid weather, chemical conditioning had no positive effect on alfalfa. The treatment is very sensitive to weather and to management regarding the rate and efficiency of application.


By using the way of collecting document, the article analyses the present situation of sports goods industry in China, based on the condition of Olympic and WTO, the author probes further into the developmental prospects of sports goods industry and provides sports goods industry with theory basis.


The electric network circuits are designed by using the elements like resistor R, inductor L, and capacitor Ϲ. There are a number of techniques: exact, approximate, and purely numerical available for analyzing the R L Ϲ network circuits. Since the application of numerical method becomes more complex, computationally intensive, or needs complicated symbolic computations, there is a need to seek the help of integral transform methods for analyzing the RLϹ network circuits. Integral transform methods provide effective ways for solving a variety of problems arising in basic sciences and engineering. In thispaper, a new integral transform Rohit transform is discussed for obtaining the response of a series RLϹ electric network circuit connected to a steady voltage source, and a parallel R L Ϲ electric network circuit connected to a steady current source. The response of a series R L Ϲ network circuit connected to a steady voltage source via the application of Rohit transform will provide an expression for the electric current, and that of a parallel R L Ϲ network circuit connected to a steady current source will provide an expression for the voltage across the parallel RLϹ electric network circuit. The nature of the response of such series (or parallel) network circuits is determined by the values of R, L, and Ϲ of the electric network circuit. The Rohit transform will come out to be a powerful technique for analyzing such series or parallel electric network circuits with steady voltage or current sources.


Recently, more and more people tend to use multimedia elements in their presentations such as video and animation, as they want to combine all the available options they have to present information. A major issue that an author of an interactive multimedia presentation should consider is the synchronization of the various media of the presentation. In order to achieve this synchronization, the author might has to use tools that require from him to have special background knowledge; they must be familiar with issues related to the programming of computers.


Some properties of phosphodiesterase I from microsomes of rat intestinal mucosa were studied using the p-nitrophenyl ester of thymidine 5′-phosphate as substrate. The optimum pH was found to be 9.5–9.6 in several buffer systems. The activity was destroyed at temperatures of 63–68°, depending on the pH of the medium. Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, and Ni2+ had a variable activating effect while Al3+, Cu2+, and Be were inhibitory. The enzyme was inhibited completely by 10−5 M EDTA or EGTA in the assay system used. The evidence obtained suggested phosphodiesterase I is a metal-requiring enzyme. Glycine, bicine, and tricine inhibited the enzyme at higher concentrations. Cysteine, 2-mercaptoethanol, and dithiothreitol were strongly inhibitory at a concentration of 10−3 M. The Km of the enzyme was 8.5 × 10−4 M. In 6 M urea 40% of the activity of the enzyme was lost irreversibly after 24 h at 4°. In 3 M urea there was an immediate and reversible mixed competitive–noncompetitive inhibition and the Km was increased seven...


To investigate the relationship between lower urinary tract function and the accessory nerve (ACN) arising from the major pelvic ganglion (MPG).


The aim of the study was to analyze the professional literature concerning general principles of medicamental correction for endothelial dysfunction and their peculiarities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on certain trigger factors and pathogenetic processes (chronic inflammation of low intensity, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction). These factors are common for a number of other pathological processes, promoting the development of systemic extrapulmonary effects and comorbid conditions. Endothelial dysfunction is of particular interest because it causes, first of all, cardiovascular system pathology. Therefore, modern treatment of COPD, in addition to the drugs approved by clinical protocols, must be supplemented by methods of endothelial dysfunction correction in the long-term management for patients beyond the exacerbation period, which at the same time have no negative effect on the disease course.
At present, medicines of various pharmacological groups with a positive effect on the endothelial function are known. Among them are those ones that replenish the deficiency of endothelial relaxing factors or have a direct effect on endothelial receptors; stimulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation; prevent endothelial dysfunction caused by mediator influences; regulate the blood coagulation system; provide protection from endothelial cell membrane damage or affect various pathogenetic links of the disease (inflammatory process, immune disorders, dysbiosis, etc.), that indirectly reduces endothelial dysfunction.
Conclusions. The key role of endothelial dysfunction in the formation of comorbid pathology in COPD, first of all lesions of cardiovascular system, determines the necessity for complex treatment of these patient groups with additional correction of endothelial dysfunction, especially in long-term management programs beyond the exacerbation period. Given the multifactorial mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction development, the treatment choice for its correction should be personalized taking into account all the disease peculiarities and the comorbid pathology spectrum.


Prebored hole is an effective construction measure of reducing compacting effects of jacked piles.An appropriate finite element model is established adopting the Drucker-Prager failure criterion and the finite deformation theory according to the actual process of jacked piles.This model can simulate the interaction of piles and soil and continuous penetration.The displacement fields under the prebored hole measures are studied through the finite element model,and the simulated results are compared with field test ones.The results show that the aperture and hole-depth are important factors for the compacting effects of jacked piles.Combination of the aperture and hole-depth can effectively reduce the compacting effects.With the increment of the aperture,the displacement will decrease under the same hole-depth.With the increment of the hole-depth,the displacement will decrease under the same aperture.


The aim of this work is to development of a masterslave system with haptic features, especially force feedback control of robotic arm. This system has a device to measure position when the master system interacts with virtual or real object; actuators devices in the master system are reflected force to the hand depending on the characteristics of the object. Impedance control was implemented based on haptic technology using LabVIEW. This system is composed of a haptic device, 5DOF robotic arm, Arduino Kit, and Laptop. The system was validated by several experimental tests involving Novint Falcon, virtual model and real object with different physical properties. The interaction between the hand and the virtual object is visually displayed according to the input displacement of the user. In the same time the interaction force is reflected to the user's hand through the haptic device.


On 15 August, the Indonesian government signed a peace agreement with the rebel Free Aceh Movement (GAM). The peace process is still at a relatively early stage and may yet fail. However, if it succeeds and Aceh develops peacefully as an autonomous province, this could have significant ramifications not just for Indonesia but also for other conflict-torn parts of Southeast Asia.


The "Three Rs of Sustainability—Reduce, Reuse, Recycle," are central tenets of many community waste-management programs promoting responsible use of natural resources and ecosystem services. Over the past few decades, recycling has become widespread, but monetary and energy expenditures required to transport and transform waste materials have led to downsizing of recycling programs globally and in the U.S. This trend increases the need for effective reducing and reusing practices as alternatives to recycling. Using a survey experiment to examine motivations that underlie reducing and reusing behaviors, individuals reported their current reducing, reusing, and recycling practices. Respondents then were provided with three hypothetical scenarios that described (1) an external waste-management threat to public well-being, (2) social/peer pressure from family and friends towards sustainable decision-making, and (3) increased convenience of reusing and reducing practices. These messages reflect previously identified RRR motivations. After the scenarios, the questions regarding recycling, reducing, and reusing behavior were presented again to test for changes in the responses. All three scenarios were effective in increasing intended reducing and reusing behavior. The threat scenario was slightly more effective than the others, particularly among individuals who reported behavior with considerable recycling practices but not as much reducing and reusing.


In this paper we are going to deal with the coexistence of Economic Policy with uncertainty. In the first part, the concept of uncertainty and its main causes are specified, highlighting three: lack of information, ignorance and the existence of stochastic processes. In the rest of the text we consider the Economic Policy in its phases of design, decision and implementation, phases that are users of information and knowledge. Therefore, an Economic Policy is proposed that highlights the infrastructure for the production of knowledge and learning (reduce the lack of information and ignorance) to increase rigor and contribute to reducing uncertainty.


Luminescent colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) are extensively used in optoelectronics, light harvesting and imaging, depending on their efficiency. The efficiency of these nanocrystals depends on radiat...


ZnFe1.5Al0.5O4 nanoparticles, uniform in size and shape, were synthesized by coprecipitation method, calcined at 1000 ℃ and were then characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometery, and Fouriertransform infra-red spectroscopy. Photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles was tested by dispersing them in Methylene blue solution to attain adsorption-desorption equilibrium and then irradiating with direct sunlight till 1 h. The degradation process was found rapid and the solution became colorless indicating successful removal of the dye. Various radical scavengers were used to identify the species responsible for dye degradation. The adsorbent was easily collected using a permanent magnet and recycled. Comparable results were obtained for reusing the nanoparticles up to 6 cycles. The advantages of effective degradation of dye, magnetic recovery and reusability of ZnFe1.5Al0.5O4 nanoparticles make them a promising material for wastewater treatment.


A spread-spectrum communication terminal device a plurality of demodulators (12A), (12B) and the received signal from the base station (12C). Demodulated signals (S3A), (S3B), and (the S3C) demodulated signal correlation between the generated PN code by checking a received signal (S1). System time managing counter after the power-on reset or when at least one of the plurality of demodulators demodulating the start of the operation will be initialized with a front most portion of the timing of the spread code in the demodulator count value. Further comprising a synthesizer (15) and a control circuit (14).


The study on Chen Duxiu has extensively flourished in recent years.How Chen Duxius thought developed aroused the most heated dispute.Based on the previous and present studies in this issue,this paper firstly introduces the main trends which divide the development stages of Chen Duxius thought and then presents the authors own opinions.Secondly,this paper mainly discusses the time when Chen Duxiu transformed his idea to Marxism and puts forward the authors opinion that Chen finished this transformation in May 1920.


The majority of the birds that inhabit tropical forests are small fruit or insect eaters. Despite this the group has received little attention in terms of their housing and breeding as well as other aspects of their captive management. To address this gap in the avicultural literature and to encourage more avi cultrist s to breed and maintain softbillccl species the International Softbill Society was formed. Although only formally an organization since early 1986, the society's membership surpassed 100 by the fall of that year. The society's first publication was distributed in August and its first meeting held at the 12th Annual Convention of the American Federation of Aviculture (New Orleans). Since that time the membership has grown and its quarterly publication "The Honeycreeper" steadily improved upon. Its recent meeting held in Seattle in conjunction with the 13th annual AFA Convention was attendee! by more than 40 individuals.


Nationally, Missouri ranks in the top 10 among the 50 States in nonfuel-mineral production; it leads the Nation in the production of lead and refractory clays and ranks second in barite and zinc, third in lime, fourth in stone, and fifth in cement. With the exception of iron ore and zinc production, the Missouri mineral industry was generally in fair to good condition during 1978. The value of nonfuel mineral production, $857 million, was 3% over that of 1977, and for the 17th consecutive year, the total value was an all-time high. Significant value increases were noted for barite, cement, lead, lime, and stone; moderate increases were noted in clay, sand and gravel, and silver values. Copper production value declined slightly with substantial declines being shown in zinc and iron value. Lead was the leading mineral commodity in terms of revenue (40% of the State's total value), followed by cement, stone, lime, zinc, sand and gravel, iron ore clays, copper, and silver. Largest tonnages of marketable minerals were for stone, sand and gravel, and cement. The value of the nonfuel-mineral production in Missouri was approximately $180 per capita; the value per square mile amounted to $12,400.


This study investigated the durability of concrete made of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), bamboo leaf ash (BLA) and pulverized burnt clay waste (PBCW) as binders in sulphate environment. Ternary blending of OPC, BLA and PBCW at ten (10) levels (100:0:0; 90:5:5; 90:10:0; 90:0:10; 80:5:15; 80:10:10; 80:15:5; 70:10:20; 70:15:15; 70:20:10) were used in producing 480 concrete cubes of size 100 mm and cured for 28 days in water. Further exposure to sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) of 0, 1, 3 and 5% concentrations was done for a maximum of 120 days. Strength deterioration factors were thereafter calculated as a measure of acid attack resistance for the blended cement concrete. Results show that concrete containing PBCW and BLA performed better in H 2 SO 4 than that of the control. Therefore, it can be concluded that the incorporation of BLA and PBCW in concrete improved its durability in sulphate laden environment. Keywords: durability, sulphuric acid, bamboo leaf ash, pulverized burnt clay waste, strength deterioration


An optimization method of variant step length based on precision and two new concepts "variant step length based on precision" and "one dimensional search based on the sorting" are presented.They make the optimum design closely combined with precision of every design variable.In addition,the authors propose that for a multi peaked one dimensional search problem its optimum solution can be obtained by ordinary optimization methods only when the convexity or concavity of the objective function matches the step length determining the one dimensional search region and the method of finding the optimum step length factor.


AbstractAs biopsychosocial beings, humans have developed numerous mechanisms that regulate and sustain life and well-being, one of which is self-healing. The term placebo response, to be understood as a meaning response and self-healing mechanism, refers to an evolutionary adaptive trait that developed as an integral part of human beings as biocultural and socially embodied beings in search of ways of overcoming assaults on wellness. As embodied beings humans function as biopsychosocial organisms where body, culture and society interact in order to bring about well-being. The placebo response is one such response by the organism and can have positive or negative effects on the organism. When the organismic response to assaults on well-being facilitates positive outcomes such as healing and well-being, it is called the placebo effect, and when it operates as a negative force as in producing or enhancing sickness and distress, it is referred to as the nocebo effect. An understanding of these organismic responses is essential for an appreciation of all health care systems and healing modalities, and consequently, for the evaluation of the efficacy and quality of potential health providers and promoters of well-being. It can also be used to evaluate the potential of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), including faith healing and distant healing. Ultimately, an appreciation of the organismic response to bring about either the placebo or nocebo effect provides insight into who and what we are as human beings.


The utility model discloses a heat insulating active carbon bag which comprises an outer packing bag and active carbon, wherein the outer packing bag is provided with a plurality of separated areas; the active carbon is uniformly placed inside each separated area; the outer packing bag can be arbitrary squares, and is provided with the plurality of separated areas along the wide edge direction; the outer packing bag is sealed by one-step molding of machine or is movably sealed by adopting zippered mode; two ends of the outer packing bag are provided with snap fasteners which can be buckled to form a sealing ring, and also can be buckled with a next bag body mutually, thus forming a multi-layer structure; and the active carbon is CT-12 heat insulting active carbon of processed goods of weakly caking coal in Datong. The heat insulating active carbon bag is convenient for carrying, and can help a user to conduct heat insulation on objects with various shapes, thus having extremely good heat insulating property; and the heat insulating active carbon bag can also be combined with the existing heat insulating container, replace the heat insulating material therein, or is added as a strengthening heat insulating material, thus manufacturing any heat insulating appliances meeting different heat insulating demands at home and abroad, and having imponderable market prospect.


A maximum value of the number of mounted memory devices is accepted, and a value of an external delay replica is determined and set. A desired frequency band is divided into a plurality of sub frequency bands, and delay times of an output buffer and an internal delay replica are switched and used for each sub-frequency band, whereby an actual maximum value and an actual minimum value for the internal delay replica is set. A selection pin to select the delay time in the internal delay replica. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently secure a set-up time and a hold time of an internal clock signal generated by a delay locked loop in the clock memory operation in a register within a desired frequency band and with a maximum number of memory devices, regardless of the frequency level and the number of mounted memory devices.


The development of fast, long-range ships is a vital and challenging task of modern naval engineering. In this paper, the combined weight of the ship's engines and fuel is considered as the key parameter in the design process. The inverse approach for designing such vessels is formulated, aimed at determining the achievable speed as a function of the total weight of a power system at fixed power and payload. Possible ship concepts are discussed, and one configuration of a ship with a small water-plane area is examined in detail. The application of the specific design methods pertinent to this ship type is presented. The dependence of achievable speed on the total weight of a power system is estimated.


OBJECTIVE
To study the chemical constituents of flower buds of Lonicera similes.

METHODS
The chemical constituents were isolated and purified with macroporous resin, silica gel column chromatography, gel chromatography, ect. The structures were elucidated according to the references combined with the application of spectrum techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR ect.

RESULTS
Nine compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 5-hydroxyl-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (I), rutin (II), quercetin (III), amentoflavone (IV), aesculetin (V), beta-sitosterol (VI), 5-hydroxyl-7,3', 4'-trimethoxyflavone (VIII), oleanolic acid (VIII), beta-daucosterin (IX).

CONCLUSION
Among the nine isolated compounds, compounds I, II, III, IV, V, are flavonoids. Compounds I , IV, V, VII, VIII, IX are isolated from this plant for the first time.


In order to find theory to optimize the processing, changing characteristics of lipid during processing of modern dry-cured Jinhua ham were studied. Biceps femoris from the stages, i.e. pro-curing, curing, drying, middle aging, end of aging, maturation-1, maturation-2, maturation-3 and post aging, were used as samples to determinate lipase activity, phospholipase activity, acid value the TBA value. Results showed that the lipase activity decreased continuously in the whole processing, and the rate of lipid-enzyme activity's decrease before the maturation-1 stage was quicker than after the maturation-1 stage. The acid value increased from 1.695 mg KOH/g in the pro-cured stage to 4.623 mg KOH/g in the post aging stage. However, the TBA value rose at first, reached its highest value in the drying stage, and then the value decreased, but not obviously. According to the processing of normal dry-cured Jinhua ham, the changes of parameters are not clear, but the time of processing descends.


Powder injection molding (PIM) process is suitable for both metal and ceramic materials to produce parts with high volume and accuracy at low cost. In this research work, 90wt. % of Ti6Al4V was dry mixed with 10wt. % of Hydroxyapatite (HA). The resultant mixture was further mixed with different space holders in weight ratio 8:2. The feedstock was prepared by mixing the final mixed powder with PEG and PW based binder systems. The dumbbell shape parts were produced using DSM Xplore injection molding machine. The molded samples were debound into two stages i.e solvent extraction followed by thermal debinding. The debinding parameters were optimized for different binder with space holders. The major binders' paraffin wax (PW) extracted in haptane and PEG in water immersion at temperatures of 60 °C and 50 °C for 5 hrs respectively. The thermal de-binding was performed successfully at 500 °C by varying the heating rate from 3 °C/min-5 °C/min with holding time 1hr in argon atmosphere followed by the sintering in vacuum. During molding short shot defects and cracks were observed while during debinding, collection of binder, swelling and holes were noted. These types of defects may be due to space holder, improper binder, heating rate, temperature and dwell time at each processing step. The sintered test specimens were analyzed for porosity and microstructure. The results showed that the PEG based binder system with NaCl space holder is more effective to produce porous Ti/HA composite through PIM. Porous Ti/HA composite showed interconnected pores with average size of 90µm.


In our times, there is an urgent situation, which is affected by inter-continental issues related to the environmental situation. Problems such as the lack of water, pollution or global warming are directly or indirectly affecting to some areas in our planet, some of them really damaged already. Further, some sectors of humanity are making an urgent call to make actions and therefore a change in our mentalities. For that reason, the international educative community feels their responsibility as formers of students of the presents and adults for the future. The intention of this paper is to diffuse and to summarize common methodologies used in Education for Sustainable Development, observe different roles in school communities and their collaboration in ESD and how international educative programmes, and more in particular the International Baccalaureate aids and develop those green influences at schools with its pedagogy, statements and mission with their particular global perspective.


Yorkes Peninsula Permanent Equitable Building and Investment Society - Guide to Australian Business Records Corporate entry - The Guide to Australian Business Records is a biographical, bibliographical and archival database of Australian business entities with links to related articles and images.


For over a decade, paperclay is used as a ceramic studio medium but with persistent and widespread use of paperclay around the world, it is useful to reconsider its place within worldwide ceramic practices and traditions. The First International Paperclay Symposium at the International Ceramic Studio, Kecskemet, Hungary in 2004 provided a suiting starting point for this re-assessment.


Atopy may be defined as 'that form of immunological reactivity in which IgE antibody is readily produced in response to ordinary exposure to common allergens in the environment'.' Diseases associated with atopy such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema are called atopic diseases. The finding that Ig'E antibodies bind to mast cells and after interaction with an allergen initiate mast cell degranulation with the release of inflammatory mediators was an important step in the understanding of atopy. These observations have led to the assumption that symptoms of atopic disease are due to the release of mast cell mediators as a consequence of allergen binding to specific IgE antibodies. However, it is also possible that IgE antibodies are produced in association with atopic diseases without being necessarily causative of the symptoms. These two contrasting views of atopic disease are represented diagrammatically in Fig. 1. The first suggests that an unknown factor, Factor X , which promotes atopy leads to the production of IgE antibodies in response to specific allergens, and after interaction with allergens, symptoms of atopic disease are produced (Fig. 1 a). This is a commonly held view of atopic disease. However a more appropriate interpretation in a number of circumstences may be that Factor X leads to production of IgE antibody and also the underlying pathophysiologic disorder which promotes the manifestations of atopic disease (Fig. 1 b). Thus, allergen-lgE antibody reactions may act as a trigger for clinical manifestations without necessarily being a primary causative factor. In this review available evidence for the role of allergens in common childhood atopic diseases is examined.


In this decade of information technology, talking heads become more and more common as parts of modern computer-user interface. A talking head can add entertainment value to a program and make it more engaging. While talking heads with multiple expressions, it can let listeners to identify speakerpsilas emotional state easily. But, generating animated talking heads that look like real people is a very challenging task, and so far all synthesized heads are still far from reaching this goal. Hence, the purpose of this work is to construct a natural, photo-realistic in appearance of talking heads which exhibit proper articulation by the lips that are synchronized with the speech. Moreover, realistic head movements, as well as emotional expressions that harmonize with the spoken text also added. And these talking heads are driven by English and Malay text. Photogram Metrics technique is applied to a model with photo-realistic face, while sample-based approach is implemented in facial movements of the Talking Heads to bypass the complexities linked to analytical modeling. Then, the talking heads will form the audio-visual text-to-speech synthesis (AV-TTS) system and transformed into modules so that can be exported to any application.


Acid-fracturing operations are applied to improve the productivity of carbonate reservoirs by creating rough fracture surfaces that remain conductive for reservoir fluids after the fracture closure...


We analyzed IEEE, ACM, SpringerLink and the AIS Basket of 8 for peer-reviewed articles related to machine learning-based disease profiling and built an overview of machine learning methods applied for disease profiling. It was found that machine learning methods are widely applied in disease profiling, especially in cancer diagnostics and heart disease profiling. There is also a shift from traditional approaches (support vector machines, decision trees) to modern convolutional neural networks.


Background  Pigmentary dilution is observed in patients with homocystinuria. Therefore, it is possible that an increase of local homocysteine (Hcy) interferes with normal melanogenesis and plays a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Vitamin B12 and folic acid, levels of which are decreased in vitiligo, are important cofactors in the metabolism of Hcy. Consequently, a nutritional deficiency in either of these two vitamins will result in an increase in homocysteine in the circulation, a finding that we expect to find in vitiligo.


We describe a theoretical and numerical analysis of an existing model of anelasticity owing to grain boundary sliding. Two linearly elastic layers having finite thickness and identical material constants are separated by a given fixed spatially periodic interface across which the normal component ˙ u ∗ n of velocity is continuous, whereas the tangential component ˙ u ∗ s has a discontinuity determined by the shear stress s ∗ ns and the boundary sliding viscosity h ∗ . We derive asymptotic forms giving the complex rigidity for the extremes of low-frequency forcing and of high-frequency forcing. Using those forms, we create master variables allowing results for different interface shapes, and arbitrary forcing frequency, to be collapsed (very nearly) into a single curve. We then analyse numerically, with finite interface slope, three proposed factors that may weaken and broaden the theoretical prediction of a single Debye peak in the loss spectrum. They are, namely, stress concentrations at interface corners, spatial variation in grain size and spatial variation in boundary sliding viscosity h ∗ . Our results show that all these factors can, indeed, contribute to a moderate weakening of the loss peak. By contrast, the loss peak markedly broadens only when the boundary sliding viscosity h ∗ differs by an order of magnitude across adjacent interface. The shape of the loss spectrum (self-similar to a single Debye peak) is insensitive to the other two factors.


Previous work shows that reputation results may fail in repeated games between two long-run players with equal discount factors. We restrict attention to an infinitely repeated game where two players with equal discount factors play a stage game where actions are imperfectly observed and the first mover advantage is maximal. The set of types for player 1 is taken as any countable subset of the set of all finite automaton. In this context a one sided reputation result is provided. If player 1 is a Stackelberg type with positive probability and player 2's actions are imperfectly observed, then player 1 receives the highest individually rational payoff in all Bayes Nash equilibria, as agents become patient.


The Mesoproterozoic Rossport Formation of Ontario, Canada is generally interpreted as having been deposited in an intracratonic basin, most probably a rift‐related lake. While the Rossport, overall, is dominated by sandstone and shale, the Middlebrun Bay Member, in the middle of the formation, is a carbonate unit. The Middlebrun Bay Member, in exposures on the Channel Islands and along the north Shore of Lake Superior, consists most commonly of cherty, dolomitic microbial laminites and low‐relief columnar to conical forms. In contrast to typical outcrops, the Middlebrun Bay Member on Copper Island expresses as a massive, coarsely crystalline limestone unit, devoid of stromatolites or microbial laminae. Several features suggest dissolution and replacement of a primary, soluble phase such as an evaporite mineral. The top of the unit is marked by evidence of dissolution and collapse, including large sandstone clasts let down from the overlying bed. At petrographic scale, the Copper Island Carbonate comprises millimetre‐scale anhedral spar with abundant stylolites and concentration of insoluble material at grain boundaries, indicating recrystallization from a previous phase. Geochemical data from Copper Island and from correlative stromatolitic carbonate on Channel Island and mainland Ontario are consistent with hypersaline conditions, with elevated concentrations of carbonate‐associated sulphate, V and Ba. Based on these data, the massive carbonate exposed on Copper Island is interpreted as a calcitized evaporite, probably deposited originally as gypsum, and replaced by calcite during diagenesis. These data support previous work suggesting that the Middlebrun Bay interval was deposited during a period of increased aridity and low clastic influx, and further suggest that this restricted, hypersaline lake precipitated both carbonate and gypsum, comparable to modern arid playa lakes.


This work proposes a cascade model reference adaptive algorithm to control a continuous polymerization reactor, which is operated under forced oscillations of its feeds. The objective is to produce a polymer with desired average values of the average chain length, of the average polydispersity and of the average polymer production; in spite of the fact that some of the model parameters may be unknown and/or may vary slowly with time. This objective is achieved by imposing the first two moments of the number chain length distribution (NCLD) to follow predetermined periodic trajectories. The proposed control scheme is an extension of that by Elicabe, et al., when the number of independent controls is less than the number of system states. Computer simulations have shown the feasibility of the proposed technique, provided continuous state measurements are available.


In hand drawn animation, some of the animations are created at very low frame rates (12 frames per second) because of a limited budget. A simple technique for increasing frame rates is animation tweening. In fact, most animation tweening applications process only vector-based objects. Further, there is no algorithm which can automatically define extensive modelling and animation of 3D objects for the animation tweening process. In this work, a raster-based animation tweening algorithm which does not require extensive modelling and animation of 3D objects is presented. The algorithm is based on motion-compensated frame rate up-conversion (MC-FRC), whose performance depends heavily on motion estimation (ME). A more accurate flow field, which is a combination of 2D parametric motion flow field and optical flow field, is developed. The results obtained for various types of hand drawn animation scenes are illustrated. The experimental results show that higher quality in-between frames can be obtained by the proposed algorithm.


We present a simple technique for observing and studying the onset of microstructure in silver halide gratings, which can also be used to improve processing chemistry.


Since cultural film is transmitted to Korean society. Korean pop culture recognitions are influenced by it. Especially, progressive part of film is recognized artistic film under entertainment and commercial now. Cultural film is also raised a part of industry which involved capital-based system and cultural self - conceit of each countries. First theater in Chungbuk province is (Aengjua theater) which was built in June, 1918. Aengjua theater is two years faster than Josunkwan theater is Taegu metropolitan city which was recorded first local theater. Aengjua was managed by Japanese people. Mainly screened a shimpa drama. After independence day, Chung-ju fire station controled it, then Korean people is managed. It is passed suffering period and independence period in 40's and 50's that is not organized cultural recognition of the people expanded theater area to Chung-ju theater, Hyundai theater, Sikonggan, and Citizen hall. In 1960's, Chungbuk province theaters had been developed, and In 80's, small theaters were raised that were not organized various commercial are. Chung-ju city existed twenty two theaters; but that is saturation of theater as compared population in Chung-ju city. Early part of 90's, Chung-ju city was decreased 8 small theater by decreasing small theater phenomenon. Seeing a continuing decrease trend of theater. Now Chungbuk exist only seventeen theaters. The reasons were that the Film Law was accomplished as a trade agreement's result of Korea and America in 1986, and demand and supply of a foreign film was preaded, besides lagging behind facilities and imperfecting subsidiary facilities of theaters and deterioration of theater equipment were expedited it. Now a film culture is a domain of culture spreading by an imaging industry with creative ability for a basis. A Korea film must show our cultural and spiritual identity as considering economical dependent and productive technique problem. As a part of this sort of work, inspiration of Korea film culture will necessarily have to connect into reforming consciousness of local citizency with activation of local film culture. Like became clear at the conscious investigation of film culture in Chungbuk, through a local film seminar and event we plan independent conversion of consciousness of local film culture and right circumstance of it will urgently have to expand. If we secure human resources of local film and plan activation of a independence short feature from union of the university culture of midlands and make it of import of a international short feature contacting to the capital region, that will make shine significance as an initial explosive of Korea film industry. Also, we will have to achieve consciousness as an independent, creative and active culture accepter and conscious revolution out from a passive role reproachful backwardness of local circumstances looking forward to waiting, incoming of film culture from a big city.


Economic pressure is increasing from time to time which causes the household needs cannot be fulfilled only by the husband as the main breadwinner. It certainly will involve other parties such as family members, the wife and children to help  husband earn a living,  as well as the government's role in improving the welfare of poor families. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach by using data collection  techniques such as  in-depth interview, observation and documentation. Then the collected data were processed and analyzed qualitatively with the reduction and interpretation . Based on the result of this research it can be noted that the efforts or strategies done by women in fulfilling their needs are working hard, pressing expenses as much as possible, buying the most basic needs, and carrying  out activities that result in some income to help family economy.  Mean while the government has provided social security for the poor such as BLT, Jamkesnas, Jamkesda, Raskin, and BOS. However, the social security had not been widely accepted by all segments of the poor in the area  because the data collection related to the poor family was not comprehensively made  so that it could not create  accurate and precise data. Keywords: Women, poor households,  social security


The need for scalable supply chain integration methodologies together with new embedded decision models has been increasing as a consequence of the globalization of production and sales, and the advancement of enabling information technologies. In this paper, we review our ongoing research project on scalable supply chain infrastructures (SCIs) and report on the current status of the supply chain test-bed developed within the R. H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland. Also, we present our application integration architecture and the integration methodologies employed in the test-bed. Furthermore, two advanced decision models are described. One is a mixed-integer-programming Available-ToPromise (ATP) model that supports efficient order-promising and resource-allocation decisions. The other is a simulation-based event-handling model that conducts "what-if" scenario analysis. Finally, we summarize an optimization model that supports global production planning and a simulation based study of performance scalability for SCIs.


Background: The most frequent bone injury to children near the elbow is a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. The management of severely displaced forms is controversial and has given rise to various schools of thought. Advantages of percutaneous pinning (Kirschner wire) include rapidity and absence of periosteal separation and dissection, which result in a minimal risk of infection. Disadvantages are the higher risk of secondary displacement and the risk of iatrogenic nerve injury. The open technique allows fracture reduction under visual guidance, which limits the risk of ulnar nerve injury, but is associated with higher risks of infection and motion range limitation and may result in unsightly scars. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short term functional outcome of closed and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation in Gartland Type III Supracondylar fracture of humerus in children. Materials and Methods: Study Design: A Retrospective hospital based observational study. Study area: Department of Orthopaedics, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India. Study Period: April 2021 to March 2023. Study population: Children 5-15 yrs with Gartland Type III Supracondylar fracture of humerus treated in Department of Orthopaedics. Sample size: 30 subjects. Sampling method: Convenient sampling. Data collection procedure: Case notes review to collect Age, Sex, Side of injury, closed/open reduction, pin construct and complications. Functional outcome assessment: At around 3 months follow up functional results will be graded according to the Flynn's criteria as excellent, good, fair and poor, based on documented range of elbow movement and carrying angle. Result: 66.66 % of patients had excellent results and 20% of cases had good results. The total satisfactory results were 86.66%, 10% of cases had fair results and 3.33% of cases had poor results. The total unsatisfactory results were 13.3%. Conclusion: In our study, no significant differences were found between percutaneous pinning and open reduction with cross-wiring in terms of functional outcomes and complications. We believe these results support the first-line use of percutaneous pinning, which is simpler and less aggressive than open reduction but malreduction by either means would give poor results.


One of the next steps in using devices such as smartphones and tablets will be the utilization of using these devices in combination with each other. Such Multi-Device Environments require users to learn and understand new interaction methods. This thesis focuses on the question whether Natural Interaction can help users to learn and understand interactions in Multi-Device Environments. We investigate this question throughout several different settings focusing mainly on the three aspects User Identification, Natural Interaction and User Awareness.


At the university levels, test anxiety does exist. Considering that many language testing researchers, specifically test anxiety researchers, agree with the phenomena that the effect of test anxiety on test performance can infiltrate other aspects and cannot be underestimated, therefore, it is necessary to investigate the students' test anxiety. Besides, in Indonesia, there are only a small number of studies which have taken the subject of test anxiety.This study was intended to examine the general situation of EFL students' test anxiety, especially among undergraduate students at a private higher education institution in Bandung. The units of analysis explored in this study included the test anxiety levels experienced by EFL students, factors that have caused EFL students' test anxiety, and correlation between students' test anxiety and their academic performance.The data were collected by using a battery of self report measures (i.e. Spielberger's Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) 1980 and Test Anxiety Inventory retrieved and adapted from Academic Centers for Excellence) and a semi-structured interview. To see the correlation between the students' test anxiety and their academic performance, a correlation analyses was used. For an accurate computation, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was applied. The research showed that the students experienced low, moderate, and high test anxiety levels. The majority of the students (52.69%) experienced low anxiety. Factors affecting their test anxiety in terms of test taker characteristics included self-image, other people's view, preparation, future security, testing situation factors, the willingness to get a high score, personal problems, and situational and subjective determinants of test anxiety. Meanwhile, in terms of test characteristics, factors affecting their test anxiety included item type, time pressure, length of the test, item difficulty sequencing, and test taking information. Finally, the findings showed that the students' test anxiety had no significant correlation with their academic performance. Nevertheless, whether or not their test anxiety had statistically significant correlation with their academic performance, reducing the discomfort that some highly anxious test takers experienced would seem to be a laudable undertaking in an academic setting.

Key Words: test anxiety, academic performance, correlation between students' test anxiety and their academic performance


Organic chemistry experiment is to test the students' mastery of the theoretical knowledge of organic chemistry. It is also a basic skill for further studies of organic chemistry for students. It is an important task of teaching for students' interest in learning organic chemistry experiment,improving experiment skills,attitudes and realistic sense of innovation. How to effectively teach knowledge to students for teachers in the training process is even more important. In order to improve the quality of teaching,the importance of organic chemistry experiment from some experience and practice was described.


The standard analysis of quantification claims that the compositionality of a Generalized Quantifier, which denotes a set of sets and is of type 〈〈e, t〉, t〉, comes from combining a determiner quantifier of type 〈〈e, t〉, 〈〈e, t〉, t〉〉 (following Montague (1973)'s notation) with a Noun Phrase (NP) predicate of type 〈e, t〉 as shown in (1) (cf. Barwise & Cooper (1981), Chierchia & McConnell-Ginet (1990), Dowty et al. (1981), Keenan (1987, 1996, 2002), Keenan & Stavi (1986), Heim & Kratzer (1998), Partee (1995), and references therein).


Reading machines are technological devices promising to support or even perfect processes of reading. Although the concept of reading machines is almost as old as the notion of writing machines, it has received far less attention in literary and cultural studies. The following essay addresses this gap. The first part of the argument links the reading machine to Freud's definition of a tool. As a prosthesis connected to the human body and mind, a tool produces 'trouble at times': translation difficulties between the machine and its user affecting matters of materiality, discourse, and meaning alike. The reading machine embodies such 'trouble at times' that results from the paradox tension between machine and meaning. While the machine requires the mechanized processes to be unambiguous, the reading process is ambiguous by definition. Most of the reading machines invented in the past decades, do not take into account the trouble that results from such a tension: first and foremost, they serve to support reading processes mechanically. Yet, some of them stand out and hold a specific potential to stage such troubles and render the underlying tensions productive. The article discusses three of them, each of them focussing on a different aspect of the reading process: the first one is a 'pedagogical reading machine' (1767) concerned with the alphabetization process, the second one is an 'aesthetic reading machine' (1930) designed for reading literary texts, and the third one is a 'critical reading machine' (2007) that focuses on literary criticism.


A method for detecting, tracking, and re-detection of weak navigation signals at a receiver, comprising: Predictions or retrieving navigation data; and Performing an integration of a reception signal by switching between data supported, non-data assisted and mixed for supported / non-data assisted modes based on known or predicted data bits of the received signal.


Ablation Day stay transcatheter radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, by Weerasooriya HR, Wang, Davis (A), 204 Gynaecological surgery after endometrial ablation by Brown OS (C), 280 by Molloy 0 and Taylor (CIR), 280 Abnormalities Pre-pregnancy counselling for the primary prevention of birth defects: rubella vaccination and folate intake, by Marsack CR et a! (A) , 403 Aborigines Deaths from injury 'In childhood in Western Australia, 1983-1992, by MacKellar A (A), 238 Epidemic gonococcal conjunctivitis in central Australia, by Merianos A et at. W 1~ Good seroconversion after a fourth hepatitis B vaccination in Aboriginal children, by Wan XA et al. (C), 336 Impact of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption on Aboriginal mortality in Western Australia, 1988-1991, by Unwin CE, Gracey, Thomson (A) , 475 Invasive pneumococcal disease in central Australia by McDermott RA and Williams (C), 553 by Torzillo PJ et al. (A), , , , , , , , , , , 182 Malnutrition among rural Aboriginal children in' the Top End of the Northern Territory, by Ruben AR and Walker (A) 400 Stereotypes of Aboriginal health, by Dugdale AE and Pratt (C), 553 Subungual desmoplastic melanoma in an Aboriginal woman, by Pearce RL (A) 611 Sustainability of a successful health and nutrition program in a remote Aboriginal community, by Lee AJ et al. (A) 632 Accidental falls Postural hypotension, by Tonkin AL (A) , 436 Accidents Accident victims as patients: moral obligation or negligence by Barrett TC (C), 610 by Nisselle P (C), ' 610 ACE inhibitors (see Angiotensin-convertingenzyme inhibitors) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Comparing the AIDS and diabetes epidemics, by Welborn TA (C) , 445 Confusion, cortical blindness and fever, by Sue CM et at. (A), 527 False-negative results for HIV-1, by Anderson JSC et al. (C) 220 Premature mortality in Australia 19831992, the first decade of the AIDS epidemic (Correction: Med J Aust 1994; 161: 652-656), by Gold J (A) 526 Page


New interest has developed in shorter wavelength visible and infrared helium-neon lasers. Performance characteristics of the green (543 nm), yellow (594 nm) and several infrared transitions are reported and discussed.


anything that happened to be at hand, and lived in extreme filth. With these experiences behind him, Peter was placed in a situation which demanded initiative, independence, physical prowess, and ability to meet social situations. Could we expect him, without any preparation, to succeed in the new school setting? Remember that his grade school experience and his father's overprotection had been his only security and that up to his admission to junior high school he had been able to place his teacher in the satisfying mother role. Such a substitution for his home deprivations, which were more serious with the father gone, became impossible in the more impersonal atmosphere of the new school which placed a premium on emotional, physical, and social maturity. He could not meet the other boys on equal ground in any field of development except the intellectual and that is not sufficient for a good adjustment.


In this study, the effect of chronic ethanol ingestion on the modification of the postinitiation phase of hepatocarcinogenesis was examined. Hepatic lesions were initiated in Sprague-Dawley rats by administration of 10 doses of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) over a 2-week period. Following a week of acclimation rats were fed ethanol (35% of caloric intake) in low fat (11% of calories) or high fat (35% of calories) AIN-76-based liquid diets according to a unique feeding regime for 12 weeks. The effect of ethanol on the development of hepatic gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)-positive foci and on nutrient status was evaluated. Only those rats consuming ethanol with a high fat diet developed fatty livers, but all those consuming ethanol had low hepatic vitamin A and glutathione levels compared to pair-fed and ad libitum-fed controls. Despite these changes, no effect of ethanol consumption on the formation of GGT-positive foci was observed. Rats fed a high fat diet had an increased number and size of foci compared to rats on a low fat diet (P less than or equal to 0.01). It was concluded that despite these effects of ethanol on several physiological parameters, modification of the development of presumptive preneoplastic hepatic foci was not affected.


Since the new public management (NPM) type administrative reform, many organizations have introduced the performance-oriented management and performance appraisal has been focused as a type of the performance-oriented management. Performance appraisal provides information that is relevant for many personnel decisions, including salary increase, recommendations for promotion, transfers, and training programs, as well as for employee development and performance feedback. Organizations use performance appraisal depending upon various goals. However, performance appraisal systems often involve multiple, conflicting goals. Although performance appraisal provides various uses, it cannot accomplish all uses at once. Previous studies of performance appraisal have focused on how employees react or accept performance appraisal and how to design performance appraisal effectively. Therefore, I will examine the use of performance appraisal in light of improvement of organizational commitment.


A new finite difference scheme is constructed for the divergence term with a view to decreasing the errors in its computation. A divergence scheme is designed such that it will give zero divergence for any non- divergent wind field. In other words, the computational error in applying this scheme to any non-divergent wind field is zero. Since any wind field can be separated into a non-divergent part and a divergent part, the computational error in applying this scheme to any wind field is equal to the error involved with the divergent part only. At the same time, the divergent part wind is an order of magnitude smaller than the non-divergent part. Hence the error is reduced. The new scheme is simple, especially in latitude-longitude or Mercator map projections. The scheme has been applied to a 3-Ievel limited area primitive equation model for Hong Kong and is found to give much improvement over the usual divergence schemes.


Converting a compression-ignition thermal plant to gas-liquid operation is one way to neutralize the danger of waste while maintaining the high efficiency of the engine corresponding to the original modification. Although debugging the functioning of a gas-liquid installation is a significantly problematic task, since we are dealing with a large number of interrelated properties. Therefore, optimizing the injection of diesel fuel (DF)/methane by solving a problem with several unknowns was one of the goals of our research. More than 10 parameters must be taken into account for the modeling to be adequate, including the initial (flammable) DF injection. In our experiments, the volume of the ignition DF was determined to be optimal in the amount of 0.15...0.20 relative to the single-fuel modification, respectively, the duration of fuel injection changed proportionally.


• What is the risk if you overestimate or underestimate future flows? Even in the era of climate change, Iceland is a pioneer in the use of natural resources for the production of renewable energy. Iceland is already 100% renewable in both heat and power with geothermal energy being the primary energy source for space heating and hydropower being the primary energy source for electricity generation. Primary energy use in Iceland of 85% is from domestic renewable sources, with the remaining 15% mainly due to the transport sector and shipping fleet. Iceland indeed has done and is applying modifications for present and future hydropower assets to cope with and take advantage of climate change.


A powerful member of the US Congress is putting pressure on the Food and Drug Administration to boost government oversight of imported cosmetics and personal care products. The move comes in response to an announcement from the FDA that it has not inspected any imported cosmetics during this fiscal year and does not plan to do so in fiscal 2020. In a June 26 letter to the FDA, Rep. Frank Pallone Jr., chair of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, requests information about the number and kinds of personal care products imported into the US each year from fiscal 2017 to 2019, the number of such products subject to the FDA's inspection, and the number that the FDA has intercepted because of contamination concerns. The letter follows up on a similar request Pallone made in 2016. At that time, the FDA examined less than 1% of imported cosmetics—and nearly 15%


Background: Infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides is worldwide. About one fourth of the world's population is known to be infected by ascariasis. It is endemic in various parts of Bangladesh.
Objectives: To study the various types of clinical presentations, socio-demographic background and sonographic patterns of biliary ascariasis.
Materials and Methods: Fifty cases of biliary ascariasis were studied over a period of 2 years, July 2011 to June 2013. All the patients were adult with age 18 years or above. Clinically suspected and ultrasonography evidenced cases of biliary ascariasis were taken as sample in this study.
Results: Mean age (mean ± SD) of presentation was 35.3 ± 15.9 years and female were 80%. Ninety percent of patients were from rural areas and 80% were bearing a lower class socioeconomic background. The most common presentation was upper abdominal pain in 100% of patients. History of worm emesis was present in 34% and previous biliary tree pathology in 24% of patients. Ultrasonography demonstrated the commonest site of worm entrapment was common bile duct in 76% of patients and the commonest pattern was stripe sign pattern in 56% of patients.
Conclusion: In endemic countries, ascariasis should to be suspected in patients with biliary disease, especially if there is history of emesis of worm or previous history of biliary tree pathology. Ultrasonography is a reliable, easily available and relatively inexpensive modality of investigation for suspected biliary ascariasis.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 61-67


This paper introduces a newly-designed whole-body perfusion hyperthermia system and presents some corresponding solutions for controlling and measurement of hyperthermia.


Objective In order to supervise nosocomial infection ratio and its relative factors.Methods The investigation of by bed and case survey was performed.Results Among a total of 843 patients under surveillance,48 patients were found,the nosocomial morbidity was 5.69% ,and 49 nosocomial infection cases and chances occurred,the case morbidity was 5.81% .Upper respiratory tract infection was the most frequent infection site,followed by lower respiratory tract infection,and skin and soft tissue infection.Conclusion Susceptible people should be protected,especially old people and patients with serious primary diseases such as diseases of blood system and malignant tumor.It is suggested to decrease and avoid some unnecessary invasive operations and treatments.


This school action research is the result of observations of researchers in developing and monitoring the performance of teachers in the target area, that aims to enhance creativity kindergarten teachers in making props from recycled materials through group counseling. The procedure is performed in this study a shared action in two cycles, each cycle consisting of four main activities: planning, action, reflection, and evaluation. Generally based on research, indicate an increase in the percentage of 9% on the initial conditions to 45% in cycle I and 82% in cycle II, so that it can be concluded that the guidance of the group can enhance creativity kindergarten Dabin III UPT Education Departement Parakan District in Semester II Academic Year 2014/2015 in making props from recycled materials.


provided the nucleus of the opposition to Rome's proposal to define papal infallibility at the First Vatican Council. The intensity of the conflict overshadowed a difference of approach which lay at the heart of the dispute between ultramontanes and Gallicans, namely how best to advance the cause of the Church in the post-revolutionary world. Because Gallicanism lost the battle, there is a tendency to dismiss it and to relegate a study of it to the realms of antiquarianism. Austin Gough has demonstrated that the Gallican approach to the modern world had a good deal to commend it. Affre and Darboy died in the exercise of their vocation to witness for peace and reconciliation; Affre and Astros, instead of rejecting the modern world and seeking an alternative vision in a reinterpretation of medieval philosophy, wrote and preached about social reform, some of it radical, certainly by the standards of the day; Deguerry sat on a commission for European Peace alongside Victor Hugo, Lamartine and pastor Athariase Coquerel. And in matters of doctrine, they can hardly be described as anachronistic. Almost a hundred years were to pass before theologians 'suggested tentatively what the Sulpicians used to teach with the utmost confidence, that Catholics might believe in the indefectibility of the papacy without having to accept the infallibility of the pope'.


Typhoons and torrential rainfalls damage alpine fields, and deliver a large volume of soil and non-point pollutants to rivers and lakes. The inflow soil and non-point pollutants destroy aquatic ecosystems and deteriorate water quality. In order to reduce rainfall runoff and the efflux of soil and pollutants happening in alpine fields, we need to improve farming methods and establish a farmland management system. In addition, it is very crucial to understand the characteristics of runoff occurring in alpine fields in order to control non-point pollution. This study monitored alpine fields at Daegwanryeongmyeon, Pyeongchanggun, Gangwondo for rainfall events with runoff during the period from March 2008 to October 2009. For the studied points, we performed hydrologic analysis and calculated pollution load and event mean concentration (EMC), and evaluated the effect of farming activities on the runoff of non-point pollutants through comparison by point and by year. According to the results of this study, the optimal frequency of surveys according to rainfall intensity suggested by the National Institute of Environmental Research needs to consider the land use characteristic of the research area or to subdivide the higher range of intensity. It was because runoff in land uses with high porosity does not happen at low intensity rainfalls. The runoff rate of Area A was found to be in a statistically significant correlation with rainfall and rainfall intensity. The correlation coefficient between the runoff rate and the maximum rainfall intensity was highest as 0.6993, but the number of antecedent dry days did not have any statistical significance. In Area B, the correlation coefficient between the runoff rate and rainfall was 0.9633, which showed high statistical significance at p<0.01. However, rainfall intensity and the number of antecedent dry days did not have any statistical significance. In Area A, the volume of fertilization was twice larger in 2008 than in 2009. However, the pollution load of CODCr, CODMn, BOD and TP, and EMC were higher in 2009 than in 2008. The crop in 2008 was potato and that in 2009 was radish. Accordingly, farming activities such as the date of start and the date of fertilization were quite different between the two years. Potato is seeded in April, and its land cover effect is high in the rainy season July and August due to the survival of potato. Radish is seeded at the end of June, and its leaf grows thick in July and August, but because its land cover effect is lower than that of potato stem and leaf, the runoff of pollutants caused by rainfall is considered larger. Accordingly, the runoff of pollutants may be influenced more by crops and their land cover effect than by the volume of fertilization. The results of this study show that the runoff characteristic of non-point pollutants in alpine fields is very complicated and determined by various factors. For a certain land use regardless of what it is, therefore, it is very important to understand the characteristics of rainfall runoff and pollutant runoff. Without accurate information on the flowing route, volume and influential factors of rainfall runoff and pollutants, abatement facilities or treatment methods are highly likely to be ineffective and fail to produce expected results. Accordingly, research is required to examine the runoff characteristic of agricultural lands or alpine fields, to develop BMPs according to the characteristic and test their effects, and to apply them in the field.


10 Edible coatings based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose containing an ethanolic extract of propolis, are developed and applied to table grapes, cv. Muscatel, in order to improve quality and shelf life during storage, while taking advantage of the beneficial health properties of propolis. The weight loss, changes in soluble solids, phenol content, antioxidant capacity, respiration rates and the microbial counts of uncoated and coated 15 samples were determined throughout cold storage. The sensory quality of samples was also analysed. Throughout storage, soluble solid contents sharply increased from 7 storage days onwards and phenols contents decreased, especially during the first 5 days. No effect of coatings was observed in the development of these variables. A decrease of clarity and hue values was observed during storage; the samples coated with the greatest 20 amount of propolis being the lightest. The hue decrease was related with the a* colour coordinate increase, which was significantly more accused for uncoated samples. Regardless of their composition, coatings slowed down the weight losses and controlled the oxygen consumption of the samples. At 10 days of storage, coated samples maintained a better microbial safety than uncoated samples. Although no significant 25 *Manuscript Click here to view linked References


Major Obstetric haemorrhage (MOH) remains one of the leading causes of maternal mortality & morbidity worldwide. In the 2003-2005 report of the UK Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths, haemorrhage was the third highest direct cause of maternal death (6.6 deaths/million maternities) with the rate similar to the previous triennium 1, . Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) accounts for the majority of these deaths. This triennium, 2006-2008, unlike in previous reports there has been a change in the rankings of direct deaths by cause. Deaths from haemorrhage have dropped, to sixth place, following genital tract sepsis, preeclampsia, thromboembolism, amniotic fluid embolism and early pregnancy deaths. A well-defined multidisciplinary approach that aims to act quickly has probably been the key to successful management of MOH. In the developing world, several countries have maternal mortality rates in excess of 1000 women per 100,000 live births, and WHO statistics suggests that 25 % of maternal deaths are due to PPH, accounting for more than 100,000 maternal deaths per year .The blood loss may be notoriously difficult to assess in obstetric bleeds 5, . Bleeding may sometimes be concealed & presence of amniotic fluid makes accurate estimation challenging.


Objective The National Population Policy aims to expand voluntary and informed use of contraceptive services. This paper examines the determinants of use of female sterilisation versus other contraceptive methods in rural Bihar, one of the most socially and economically deprived states in India. Methods Data for 1378 ever-married women aged 15–49 years in rural Bihar, who are currently using contraception, were abstracted from the Second National Family Health Survey. A logistic regression model was developed to understand the determinants of use of female sterilisation versus other contraceptive methods. Results Maternal age, the number of living sons, religion, scheduled caste/tribe/backward class status, exposure to mass media and household standard of living are statistically significant determinants of the choice between sterilisation and other contraceptive methods. Conclusion The study underscores the need to significantly broaden the contraceptive choice for women in rural Bihar.


The influence of heating process (up to 200, 400 and 600 °C) on the phase transformation of non-equilibrium biphase Fe-Co-Ni systems was studied. The system was not changed at 200 °C, it remained nanostructured, and there were no phase transformations. At higher temperatures phase transformation BCC- into FCC-phase (high-temperature phase modification) was observed. The degree of phase transformation depended on the system composition. At 400–600 °C there was coarsening of the crystallites. In addition, there was the phenomenon of system oxidizing attended by iron outflow from phase; as a result, the lattice parameters were decreased. According to the measurements of the lattice parameters at coolingdown, parameters dependences on temperature and coefficients of thermal expansion were obtained. Changing of the system composition (due to metal oxidation) had low impact on the coefficients. The phases with different compositions and close lattice parameters had different coefficients of expansion. It was supposed that the expansion coefficients dependence from the composition was not additive. Magnetic characteristics of the samples were measured. It was found that heating changed it essentially. The main reasons of it was coarsening of grains (crystallites) and changes of the phase composition. The dependence of the magnetic properties of systems on phase composition and size of the crystallites (particles), as well as changes occurring under the temperature effect were required a more detailed study.


In this chapter we briefly review some of the developments which have been made in the area of photopolymer material development for applications such as holography. We also examine some of the extensions which have been made to the theoretical models of the processes which occur during free radical photo-polymerisation, namely the Non-local Photo-polymerisation Driven Diffusion (NPDD) model. An understanding of these photochemical and photo-physical processes is of extreme importance when attempting to improve a photopolymer material's performance for a given application. We will explore the most recent developments made and illustrate some of the useful trends, which this NPDD model predicts and then analyze their implications on photopolymer improvement. Among the effects examined are; the temporal and spatial primary radical generation (the driving force of photo-polymerisation), multiple termination mechanisms, non-local polymer chain growth, the effects of oxygen inhibition, mass transport effects (diffusion), dark reactions (post exposure effects) and chain transfer, to name a few.


Direct solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation, for an electron moving in three spatial dimensions (3D), bound initially (t≦0) by a Coulomb potential, and acted upon by an extrinsic oscillating electric field, have been described in several recent publications1-3. The oscillating electric field models the effect of an incident laser beam on the initially bound electron.


Based on a previous study on companies involved in the water and sanitary plumbing system design and construction processes, the structure of an information system was developed, seeking quality improvement of the design stage. Its main core is the compatibility between this and other subsystems design. The second focus of this structure, as suggested by the practitioners from the industry, was to satisfy the need for an information system, which could help in the design inception phase, and not simply in the process rationalisation, production of drawings, and production of the bill of materials. A process flowchart is proposed which contains several databases that the designer should possess. The development of Database B2 (Materials, Equipments and Components) was taken as starting point. This article presents the concepts involved in the design of this database as well as describes its the current stage of development.


In this study, special needs teachers and students with reading and writing difficulties in an upper secondary school are in focus. The research questions strive to answer how special needs teacher ...


The increasingly developed instructional technology has brought mathematics education opportunities and challenges. Today, internet technology tends to be utilized everywhere. Then, how effective the technology can be implemented in teaching and learning elementary mathematics and how pre-service and in-service teachers can be benefited to take advantages of online resources? The presenter believes that implementation of technology for teaching and learning elementary mathematics should not pursue the fashion of expensive "cutting edge" technology; instead, more attention should be paid on exploring and using those exiting technological resources, particularly those available free-shared online resources. This presentation is to share research on online resources for teaching and learning elementary mathematics, examine and analyze those resources for teachers and students, and discuss the effective strategies of implementation in elementary mathematics classrooms. The increasingly developed instructional technology has brought mathematics education opportunities, as well as challenges. The opportunities include those available hardware and software packages, those internet technologies and those free online resources. The challenges are that implementing technology in mathematics teaching and learning has its pros and cons. How to implement it effectively in teaching and learning is still a question. Getting into 21 century, technology tends to be utilized everywhere, internet access becomes available in schools and at homes. Then how the technology can be implemented in teaching and learning elementary mathematics effectively, and how pre-service and in-service teachers can be benefited to take fully advantages of online resources? In this presentation, presenter will share the results of research on those online resources for teaching and learning elementary mathematics, examine and analyze those free and useful online resources for teachers and students, and discuss the effective strategies of implementation in elementary mathematics classrooms. Online resources for teaching and learning elementary mathematics (**Presenter has made a search on those online resources for teaching and learning elementary mathematics in the conjunction with teaching elementary mathematics methods courses in past 2 years. Presenter will introduce the methods of data collection and these resources objectively. Here are those raw data collected.) Free and useful online resources for teachers and students (**Presenter will provide statistical results of data (those collected online resources), share with teachers and students those free and useful online resources, and discuss their uniqueness based on the level of friendly use, accuracy of content, engagement of teaching and learning, motivation and assessment.) Effective strategies of implementation in elementary mathematics classrooms The presenter believes that implementation of technology for teaching and learning elementary mathematics should not pursue the fashion of expensive "cutting edge" technology; instead, more attention should be paid on exploring and using those exiting technological resources, particularly those available free-shared online resources. (**Presenter will discuss strategies of implementation based on teaching experience and resource on effective teaching.)


Isotope shift effects including mass shift and field shift on the levels for the levels of 3P0,1,2, 1D2 and 1S0 for the ground-state configuration of the neutral tin (Sn I, Z= 50) have been investigated. In calculations, the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method within the frame work of Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian has been used. The calculation of isotope effects for tin has been here performed firstly although there are some works on the atomic structure of tin. The results including isotope shift effects on the levels have been discussed, and new energy values have been compared other available works in literature.


The present invention provides a vehicle comprising a parking gear having returned to the transmission characteristics of the shift-hold mode offers a neutral method and system. Upon detecting the neutral has been selected using the first transmission control means is turned on when the door or the second time used when selecting a neutral mode enters a neutral holding. When held in a neutral mode, upon detecting that the driver has left the vehicle transmission is in neutral and will remain without shifting to Park.


In this study of ours, attempts have been made to review the results of surgical treatment adapted on 11 children with displaced fractures of the neck of the radius between the years 1969-1970. Out of 11 cases who were between 7-14 years of age, open reduction and fixation with Kirschner wire was applied on 6, and radial heads were excised in 4. In one case associated with olecranon fracture, osteosynthesis was performed for olecranon fracture, whereas radial neck fracture was not interfered with. 4 children whose radial heads were excised were admitted to our hospital later than 20 days after iniury. In 6 cases fixed with open reduction and Kirschner wire, good results buit in 5 cases rin which the radial heads were excited and no intervention was effected bad results were obtained. The follow-up period was at least 6 months and at most 2 years. The treatment of these fractures which is thought to be very simple but which might leave the patient disabled has been discussed under the light of information obtained from literature and our cases. It has been conciuded that the best method of treatment for fractures of the neck of the radius in children 1. which was displaced more than 15 degrees, and whose displacement could not be reduced by closed manipulation or in which redisplacement occured after closed reduction, 2. which was displaced more than 60 degrees and 3. in which total dispiacement occured is to apply open reduction and to fix with Kirschner wire.


The purpose of this systematic review and meta-review has shifted from assessing the consequences of silver sulfadiazine with most different drugs (SSD) for burn recovery and contamination prevention to different novel dressings, without or with silver. Burn units have to be able to better control sepsis. The degree to which a burn topical antibacterial agent is absorbed determines its effectiveness. Absorption of a topical antibacterial agent may be evaluated against the absorption of a test solute in isolated preparation of the stratum corneum in a cell in an in vitro model. Despite the fact that adding silver sulfadiazine (AgSu) to pure deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) resulted in the formation of silver sulfadiazine (AgSu)the formation of AgSu-DNA complexes, no such complexes were detected in bacteria treated with AgSu. In treated bacteria, AgSu inhibited macromolecular syntheses as DNA synthesis was slightly more sensitive. A tiny amount of sulfadiazine appears to be active in this situation. Pediatric patients were randomly assigned to treatment with either Silva-Sorb® Gel or Silvadene® silver sulfadiazine cream for up to 21 days or to the point of full reepithelialization of the wound.
Keyword: Silver, Sulfadiazine, Silvasorb, Bacteria, Burn, Wound.


Subtitle: Systems for commercial operations now encompass processes ranging from booking to the departure gate. Henry Canaday discovers the variety of new developments on offer.


The study aimed to identify the impact of job burnout on the performance level ofemployees in Egyptian travel agencies. To achieve the objective of the study, theresearcher designed a questionnaire and distributed it to a random sample of employeesin the Egyptian travel agencies category (A) in Greater Cairo. A total of 390questionnaires were distributed, and 364 valid were analyzed. Spss v.25 was used toanalyze the study data. The study found that the low level of job burnout leads to animprovement in the performance of employees in the Egyptian travel agencies by43.1%..


Water is an essential resource to people's survival and health, but meeting basic needs is not just about health and hygiene, nor do people always see clean water as their most pressing need. It cannot be neglected that water is of great benefit and plays a major impact on the livelihood of the poor, especially in the extensive semi-arid and arid areas of the developing world. Productive use of water is defined as the quantity of water beyond the basic domestic needs that is used for small scale income generating activities. The research is focused on how water is used for various income generating purposes at the household level in Ado-Odo Ota Local Government Area, Ogun State. Nigeria. With the aid of structured questionnaires it is revealed productive uses in the study area includes the use of water for food vending, service based activities like hair dressing salon, water packaging , cottage industries like cement block making industry. Commercial water packaging and cement bricks and block making industries are however minimal due to the initial start-up capital. Productive uses serves as a main employment generating activity in the study area with income realized substantial enough to argument household livelihood.


This study aims to analyze the Factors Affecting Companies Perform Switching Auditors in Indonesia period 2012-2014. The variables used in this study are audit opinion, change of management, company size, KAP size, financial distress, and profitability of the company. The population of this study are real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2012-2016.
The method to determine the sample is done by using purposive sampling method. Based on these criteria, obtained 39 and obtained the total sample research is 195 corporate financial statements for five years of observation. The research method used is empirical study with descriptive research type. Data analysis technique used is logistic regression analysis (logistic regression).
The results of this study indicate that audit opinion and financial distress significantly influence switching auditors, while the change of management, firm size, KAP size, corporate profitability has no significant effect on auditors switching.


SUMMARY— The effect of selected compounds on flavor of various potato products was studied by sensory panels. The minimum detectable amount of each of six compounds in four brands of dehydrated mashed potatoes was determined. The difference thresholds of the six compounds in the reconstituted potato products varied from 0.05–3.1 ppm. Only 2-methoxy-3-ethylpyrcxine (0.1–0.2 ppm) was effective in increasing the flavor level of all four brands of dehydrated potatoes; it also proved to be effective in increasing the potato flavor level of potato salad, dehydrated scalloped potatoes and potato soup. Potato salad stored at 3°C for 1 wk required at least 0.2 ppm of this compound to maintain its initial flavor difference from the control sample.


FIELD: immunology, biotechnology, microbiology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention reports variants of proteins obtained from Neisseria meningitides that elicit antigenic properties and possess the general antigenic determinants. Amino acid sequence of these proteins is given in the invention description. Invention discloses variants of nucleic acids encoding indicated proteins. Invention describes variants of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective amount of any of indicated proteins or effective amount of any of disclosed nucleic acids encoding indicated proteins. Pharmaceutical compositions are used as vaccine or immunogenic composition in treatment and prophylaxis of infection caused by Neisseria microorganism and as a diagnostic reagent for detection of Neisseria microorganisms. Invention proposes a method for treatment of infection caused by Neisseria microorganism. Using the invention provides carrying out diagnosis and prophylaxis of disease mediated by Neisseria meningitides. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of peptides. 21 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex