Recent progress in activity-based analysis has witnessed the development of some dynamic models of activity-travel rescheduling decisions. Most of this work involved descriptive analyses. Timmermans et al. (2001) elaborated this work and developed a more comprehensive theory and model of activity rescheduling and re-programming decisions as a function of time pressure. They assumed that rescheduling decisions are based on the marginal utility of time, subject to constraints. However, they also assumed bounded rationality due to the incomplete information that brings about uncertainty and imperfect behavior. They showed that various types of behavior could be embedded within an overall theory of rescheduling decisions. Originally, their theory and simulation model was only concerned with duration adjustment processes, and did not incorporate other potential dynamics such as change of destination, transport mode, and other facets of activity-travel patterns. Later, multiple choice facets were included, leading to their Aurora model (Joh, Arentze and Timmermans, 2002, 2003). Work to date on this model has focused on problems such as solving the problem of model estimation (Joh, et al., 2003), and estimating the duration parameters on cross-sectional empirical data (Joh, et al., 2004). However, if the model is going to be used for predicting short-term adjustment and traffic flows, an implementation of the model is required and additional operational decisions are required. This paper addresses this problem. It reports on the development of an agent-based micro-simulator that allows one to simulate activity-travel rescheduling decision in high resolution space and time. The implementation is illustrated using activity-travel diary data that for the Eindhoven region was collected originally to better understand the choice of urban parks in the study area.


On the anniversary of the 95th anniversary, the legendary professor of legal history and a prominent orientalist lawyer from Moscow University, the founder of her own scientific school with numerous students and followers, Nina A. Krasheninnikova again stands before our eyes with her unique and bright scientific world of universal legal history and non-Western legal cultures. This article describes the beginning of her long scientific journey, first in the editorial environment of Moscow institutions, in parallel with the preparation of a dissertation research in English law. Then the stage of formation within the framework of scientific and pedagogical activity at the university of the "eastern direction" of her scientific research and close study of the colonial legal culture, preparation of a doctoral dissertation on traditional Hindu and post-colonial Indian Law is shown. Throughout her life, the professor has been engaged in consistent educational and methodological updating of the course on the General history of law, gaining new associates and direct students, participating, together with her graduate students and colleagues, in large research and educational projects, including an anthology of world legal thought, collections of translated documents and etc.


The neoliberal agenda is based on the rejection of social objectivism and social reason, in favor of individual preferences and subjective values. Reforms carried out under this agenda destroy institutions and practices of solidarity. While the 2008 financial crisis has confronted neoliberalism with a legitimation crisis, an alternative agenda has yet to emerge. In the past decades, this "void" gave birth to the implementation of "regressive communities". Instead of challenging the neoliberal agenda these communities function as mere authoritarian extensions. By rejecting social issues and defending cultural values they display contempt for social objectivity and reason. A path beyond the neoliberal "all market" approach as well as the subsequent triggerering of "regressive communities" is nowadays sought by social reconstruction through solidarity.


and to have three ounces of brandy daily. 8.30 P.m. She was easier. Temperature 99.4'; pulse I00; tongue dry and brown. Novemiiber i8th. The tympanites was less. She was vomiting a good deal. Temperature 99.40; pulse go. She was ordered to leave off the turpentine, and take three minims of hydrocyanic acid with bismuth every four hours.-8.30 Pa. . She felt easier; the hiccough was less; there was no vomiting. The tongue was less dry. November i9th. She vomited every half-hour through the night less frequently silnce 7 A.M. The abdomen was less tender. Temperature I00°; pulse I02, more compressible. The tongue was moister, cleaning. As she was not fully under the influence of opium, she was ordered to take one grain every three hours.-ii P.a. She had not vomited since the miiorning, and felt comfortable. The lochia were less offensive. November 20th. Tihere was no vomiting, no pain, very little tenderness. The tongue was moist; the bowels open. Temperature ioo.6°; pulse 104, soft and compressible. From this date she rapidly convalesced. She attended Dr. john Williams as an out-patient for some months to undergo treatment for anzemia and debility, and did well.


The South Asian nation of Sri Lanka has experienced a tremendous amount of internal migration in recent decades; more than 2 million persons nearly 1 out of 7 were born in districts other than their place of enumeration for the 1981 census. 3 major aspects of societal upheavals related to internal migration are examined in this book: 1) unbalanced sex ratios 2) rising rates of suicide and 3) increased ethnic conflict. Compared to many other developing nations whose internal migration is dominated by flows to primate urban centers the predominant pattern in Sri Lanka is rural-to-rural movement. A possible "risk factor" for migrants adjustment processes and overall social harmony in destination zones is posited in Chapter 2 to be extremely male-preponderant sex ratios. The relationship between internal migration patterns and suicide is strong in many districts. The exposure of the unintended consequences of internal migration--unbalanced sex ratios rising rates of suicide and ethnic conflict--carries with it some implications for public policy. Policy options could take 2 major directions: 1) one that seeks to alter the social dynamics leading to suicide and 2) the other that simply provides psychological and counselling services for individuals without attempting to change social background. A resolution of migration-related issues in the current conflict of ethnic communities must come as a part of a much broader resolution of many complex and difficult problems.


Simultaneous elections will be held in Indonesia in 2018, one of which is theGovernor Election (Pilgub) of East Java to replace Pak Karwo and Gus Ipul. Candidateswho will compete in this East Java Pilgub are Gus Ipul (as incumbent), and Khofifah(formerly a social minister). Both candidates are both from the largest mass organization inEast Java, namely Nahdltul Ulama (NU). In relation to this background, the author wouldlike to examine about how Gus Ipul's political capital and strategy of communication in EastJava Pilgub 2018. This study uses case study because want to answer about how (how) in theformulation of research. By using different political communication strategies, of course theresults achieved by both candidates will be different. Gus Ipul used a defensive strategy tomaintain his position as an incumbent. By using his capital-capital (economic, social,cultural and symbolic) conversion, Gus Ipul seeks to mobilize the masses, most of whom areNU citizens. Conversion of existing capital into a political capital, allowing Gus Ipul toachieve victory in this 2018 East Java Pilgub.Keywords: capital, political strategy


We present a short paper based on a doctoral dissertation [1] and supplementary articles. Despite the long and successful patient care history of primary care in Sweden, a research-oriented attitude has been more or less limited in this context [2,3]. At the same time the patient ́s access to information has been simplified which in turn has contributed to an essential influence on the patients' demand for upto-date healthcare. This situation has increased the demand for staff ́s updated professional scientific knowledge and willingness to change significantly. One way to promote this situation goes through a research and development interest (R&D) in the context, by means of strategic communication, which is a relatively new interdisciplinary field.


SAT solvers are employed in algebraic attacks to stream ciphers in recent years. This attack describes a cipher by a Boolean equation system in the initial state, and then converts the equation system into a SAT instance. After that, attackers use SAT solvers to solve the instance, and thus recover the initial state. In the whole process, many parameters should be optimized and several delicate strategies can be applied to speed up the solving efficiency. In the paper, we propose and summarize these common strategies and, at the same time, we design an automatic tool for algebraic attacks ATAA to give some benchmark analyses and empirical observations based on a stream cipher series named Bivium-n.


Case-training method, taking realistic problems as a case, is intended for the improvement of the abilities of analysis, judgment, problem-solving and administration of the headmasters by analyzing and discussing. Based on the learning classification of organizational behavioral science,case-training should be classified into agent and personal case analyses.


The strengths of the rotational lines in the R branch of the CO fundamental have been determined at temperatures of 298, 202, and 132 K by means of a high-resolution spectrograph. The results can be used to determine line strengths at other temperatures by means of the Herman–Wallis relation or by considerations of the populations of the rotational levels in the ground vibrational state. Parameters describing the self-broadening and carbon dioxide broadening of CO lines have been determined at 298 and 202 K. The results are compared with other recent experimental and theoretical studies.


This chapter discusses the possible immune measurements that could be used to develop a correlative model, the functional forms of statistical models that have been used, and the results of correlative models for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), acute otitis media (AOM), pneumonia, and colonization. The most common immune measurement that is used in the development of protective correlates is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for immunoglobulin G (IgG) class anticapsular polysaccharide antibodies. Generalization to other polysaccharide-based conjugate vaccines regardless of the carrier protein(s) is most likely acceptable, but the models have uncertain validity for nonconjugate pneumococcal vaccines that are protein or polysaccharide based or for populations that differ in important ways from those studied in the clinical efficacy trials, such as infants infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The probability of acquisition as a function of IgG antibody concentration was modeled using logistic regression. Only vaccine serotypes 9V, 14, 19F, and 23F were modeled because of the limited number of acquisition events for the other serotypes. In a separate analysis, serotype 6A was modeled using the immune responses to 6B. The antibody levels needed to protect against IPD, AOM, and colonization apparently differ. Higher levels are required for protection against AOM and colonization than for protection against IPD.


In this paper,non-linear methods for study on chaotic characteristic of economical series are summarized based on the chaos theory and the fractal theory,these methods are as follows:the first is the calculating method of fractal dimension of time series of economy,the second is the calculating method of correlative dimension,the third is the calculating method of the Lyapunov exponent and the Kolmogorov entropy,the fourth is the R/S analysis method. Further more,prospect about the applications of non-linear methods is discussed simply too.


This paper describes an analysis of poster and recommender activities in an online news forum. Quantitative analyses of patterns of posting and recommending suggest that claims about 'horizontality' and 'online community' are oversimplifications, as there is strong evidence to suggest that the actual workings of networked discussion communities incorporate a wide range of competing and mutually-contradictory orientations, activities and strategies. A qualitative analysis of particular posters' rhetorical strategies provides evidence for the argument that an orientation to conventions (in particular using a dialogical mode of address) is more important than actual opinion or semantic content in gaining popularity. The implications of these findings, and some suggestions for how this work might be developed, are discussed.


Non-Archimedean dynamical systems have recently become the subject of intense study; see, for example, [1]. In this note we consider the class of dynamical systems of the form x (cid:8)→ x 2 − a 2 p 2 on the set of p -adic numbers. We will study the structure of the Julia set, defined for these systems by analogy with the classical case, and describe the action on it of our map, which reduces to symbolic dynamics. We prove here that all periodic points are contained in the base field.


Extracts of ox-muscle were investigated with a view to identifying the reducing substances present which are responsible for the rapid browning of these extracts at room temperature.

Sugar phosphates were found to play an important part and the reactions of these phosphates with amino-acids in extracts and in model systems were followed.

The development of colour and flavour in an extract, in a synthetic extract, and in model systems were investigated and found to be a result of the Maillard reaction.


Wolfe F. Inflammatory activity, but not methotrexate or prednisone use predicts nonHodgkin's lymphoma in rheumatoid arthritis: a 25-year stud7 of 1767 RA patients. ACR Plenary II 1998: 931 FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 24 second of these patients had received azathioprine for 9 months before lymphoma onset. The third cases was a patient initially diagnosed with large granular lymphocytic leukemia after 2 doses of etanercept. If the number of 6 lymphomas is used in the calculations, then the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for lymphoma in etanercept RA trials is 2.31 (expected =2.6, 95% CI 0.85, 5.03). If the larger number of 9 lymphomas is used, then an SIR of 3.47 is obtained (expected =2.6, 95% CI 1.59, 6.59). The SIR is calculated from incident cases in the trials divided by the expected incidence in the general population for an age, gender and racematched cohort, not a non-etanercept RA population. The majority of populationbased epidemiological analyses indicates that patients with RA have a higher incidence of lymphoma compared to the general population. The estimated risk of developing lymphoma in patients with RA is reported in the range of 1.5 to 8.7 fold compared to the general population. The observed SIR of 2.3-3.5 seen in etanercept RA clinical trials falls within this range. The characteristics of the 8 cases of lymphoma are as follows: • 3 Hodgkin's disease and 5 NHL • Mean age 66. • 4 are male and 4 are female. • Mean time to onset is 630 days (range, 4 days to 1403 days) • The majority of etanercept RA patients who developed lymphoma had significant disease activity prior to etanercept therapy. The point estimate of the proportion of patients with Hodgkin's disease from clinical trials is greater than expected, but the small number (1-3) is associated with very broad confidence intervals. The number of lymphomas from post-marketing adverse event reports through November 2, 2002 (4 years after initial product approval) is 70 (representing an estimated 205,923 pt-yrs in the US and 20,055 pt-yrs in non U.S.). This yields a reporting rate of 0.03/100 pt-yrs. The expected rate in the general population is 0.03 cases/100 pt-yrs (based on the NCI/SEER database, 2001, adjusted for the age and gender distribution of etanercept patients. It must be taken into account that the observed reporting rate of 0.03/100 pt-yrs represents an underestimate of the true incidence because of underreporting. The degree of underreporting is unknown. • The mean age of patients receiving etanercept is 52 years with 50% receiving concurrent corticosteroids and 65% receiving concurrent methotrexate. • The median age of patients diagnosed with lymphoma while receiving etanercept is 61+/11 years (S.D.). • Majority of the patients with lymphomas are female (69%). • The average duration of treatment with etanercept at time of diagnosis of lymphoma is 14+/12 months (S.D.) (range 0.5 to 42 months). FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 25 • The time to onset ranges from 1.4 to 39.5 months without a distinct pattern emerging with analysis of different histological subtypes. • The most common indication for use of etanercept is RA (83%). Others include psoriatic arthritis, Still's disease and lupus. • Of patients with lymphoma, 60% have a history of concurrent or past exposure to methotrexate, 13% had received past or concomitant therapy with azathioprine, infliximab, or cyclosporine. • Most lymphomas are non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL, 90%); 10% are Hodgkin's disease. Among NHL cases, histology indicated: diffuse large B cell 44%; mantle 6%; peripheral T cell 8%; T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/polylymphocytic leukemia 8%; follicular 11%; small lymphocytic lymphoma/B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia 17%; Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia 6%. C. Infliximab The FDA recently reviewed all the reports of malignancies, including lymphomas in the clinical trial experience with infliximab. In the clinical development program up to and including the ATTRACT trial, 555 patients were observed in the studies in RA. Four cases of lymphoma were observed in the RA patients and two in trials of Crohn's Disease patients. Recently Centocor has completed a one year treatment phase of the ASPIRE trial in early RA patients. The trial is still blinded. A total of 1050 patients are enrolled in the ASPIRE trial, randomized to receive placebo or infliximab in addition to background methotrexate. No lymphomas have been observed in the ASPIRE trial. A standardized incidence ratio for lymphomas and malignancies was calculated as shown in Table 16. Because the ASPIRE trial has not been unblinded, a worst-case-scenario was used to calculate the malignancy rate, where all were attributed to infliximab. As shown in the table, the SIR for malignancies did not exceed "1" for all RA patients. However, the SIR for lymphomas was 6.35, with a lower limit of the 95% confidence interval that excluded 1. The SIR for lymphoma was 8.7 for Crohn's Disease patients. Limited data are available for placebo-treated patients (Table 17). No lymphomas were observed among the 430 placebo-treated subjects, although the expected number based on the general US population was only 0.14. In comparing the rate of lymphomas in infliximab-treated and placebo-treated patients it should be kept in mind that the number of patients observed on placebo were considerably smaller and the median duration of exposure was relatively short. FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 26 Table 16: Malignancies in infliximab-treated patients in clinical trials, adjusted for age, gender and race Population N Total SubjectYrs Followup Median SubjectYrs Followup Malignancy Observed No. cases Expected No. Cases SIR SIR 95% Conf. Interval Lymphoma 6 .86 6.98 [2.56, 15.19] All Studies 2421 4148 1.00 All Malignancies 27 23.55 1.15 [0.76, 1.67] Lymphoma 2 .23 8.70 (1.05, 31.41] All CD Studies 1106 1646.2 1.37 All Malignancies 10 4.84 2.07 [0.99, 3.80] Lymphoma 4 0.63 6.35 [1.73, 16.26] All RA Studies 1298 2458 0.8 All Malignancies 17 18.62 0.91 [0.53, 1.46] Confidence intervals based on exact method All malignancies includes lymphomas and excludes nonmelanoma skin cancers, which are not included in the SEER database. FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 27 Table 17: Malignancies in placebo-treated patients in clinical trials, adjusted for age, gender and race Population n Total SubjectYrs Followup Median SubjectYrs Followup Malignancy Observed No. cases Expected No. Cases SIR SIR 95% Conf. Interval Lymphoma 0 0.15 0 [NC] All Studies 489 691 0.32 All Malignancies 4 4.31 0.93 [0.25, 2.38] Lymphoma 0 0.01 0 NC All CD Studies 56 95 2.45 All Malignancies 2 0.19 10.5 2 [1.27, 38.02] Lymphoma 0 0.14 0 NC All RA Studies 430 590 0.32 All Malignancies 2 4.10 0.49 [0.06, 1.76] Confidence intervals based on exact method All malignancies includes lymphomas and excludes nonmelanoma skin cancers, which are not included in the SEER database. D. Adalimumab In this clinical development program, malignancies (Table 18) were observed at frequency rates approximating the expected rate in the general population. The Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) was 1.00 [95% CI, 0.7, 1.3] (standard ratio of observed rate to age-adjusted expected frequency) except for neoplasms of the immune system which were observed at a greater rate than expected (Table 19). A total of ten lymphomas, primarily Non Hodgkin's lymphoma, was observed in patients treated with adalimumab. The observed SIR for all lymphomas was 5.4 (95% CI, 2.6, 10.0) compared to the general population. The increased incidence of lymphomas observed among these adalimumab-treated patients raised concerns about whether adalimumab increases the risk of development of lymphomas. Published literature suggests that RA patients have FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 28 an approximately 2-fold higher risk of lymphoma than the general population. Furthermore, RA patients with highly active disease have an even greater risk of lymphomas, in the same range as the SIR reported for adalimumab-treated patients. Analysis of the time-to-onset of the cases of lymphoma seen with adalimumab did not provide evidence of a relationship to duration of adalimumab therapy (Table 20). 6 Baecklund E, Ekbom A, Sparen P, Feltelius N, Klareskog L. Disease activity and risk of lymphoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : nested case-control study. BMJ 1998; 517: 180-1 7 Abstract. Wolfe F. Inflammatory activity, but not methotrexate or prednisone use predicts NonHodgkin's lymphoma in rheumatoid arthritis: a 25-year study of 1,767 RA patients. ACR Plenary II 1998: 931 FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 29 Table 18: Cancer Incidence Analysis in Clinical Development Program Cancer Site Observed in BLA 1 Observed in Interim Safety Update 2 Observed in Final Safety Update 3 Exposure 2334 patients median 12 months 2467 patients median 19.3 months 2468 patients median 24 months All Sites 30 38 48 All lymphomas 4 8 10 NHL 7 Hodgkin's D 1 Breast 4 5 7 Colon – rectum 3 4 6 Cervix – Uteri 3 3 5 Prostate 4 4 5 Melanoma 2 2 3 Gallbladder – bile ducts 1 2 Adenocarcinoma (unknown origin) 2 2 Other 7 11 8 Non-melanoma skin cancers 24 32 36 Basal cell 23 Squamous cell 9 1 Data available through August 31, 2001 2 Data available through March 29, 2002 3 Data available through August 31, 2002 FDA Briefing Document March 4, 2003 meeting of Arthritis Advisory Committee 30 Table 19: Comparative Expected Cancer Incidence Rates In the Adalimumab Clinical Development Program Through August 31, 2002 Cancer Type * Observed Expected SIR 95% CI All Sites 46 45.82 1.00 (0.7 – 1.3) All Lymphomas 10 1.85 5.42 (2.6 – 10.0) NHL 9 1.70 5.28 (2.4 – 10.0) Hodgkin's Disease 1 0.14 7.09 (0.1 – 39.5) Breast


PURPOSE: A motion estimating method and apparatus are provided to obtain a fast convergence time and an exact motion vector. CONSTITUTION: A motion vector storage section(501) stores a motion vector with respect to each block of a previous frame and a motion vector of a block a motion vector of which is previously calculated among blocks of a current frame. A motion vector output section(502) outputs from a motion vector having a high priority order in motion vectors output from the motion vector storage section(501). A priority order information calculator(503) determines a priority order of the motion vectors. A candidate vector selector(504) selects (K+1) different candidate vectors from the motion vectors from the motion vector output section(502). A motion vector determining section(505) determines a vector which minimizes an estimate function among the (K+1) different candidate vectors as a motion vector of a current block.


Half bridge inverter,double Buck inverter and three-level half bridge inverter have voltage dividing capaci-tor.The common weakness of Those inverters is studied,and a new Boost dual output DC/DC converter based on a high Boost DC/DC topology is proposed.Even voltage control theory is designed for the new converter,and verified by the experiment.Two new Boost inverters which combine the proposed topology with double Buck inverter and three-level inverter solve the neutral point drafting problem.A prototype is built,and the experimental results prove the cor-rectness of the proposed DC/DC converter.


The global existence problem in general relativity does not reduce toa global existence theorem for a solution of the Einstein equations withsome choice of time coordinate. The physical problem is the existenceof spacetimes for an infinite proper time. But proper time depends on theobserver, i.e. on the timelike line along which it is observed. The singularitytheorems of general relativity consider as a singularity the timelike or nullgeodesic incompleteness of a spacetime and are established under variousgeometric hypotheses.On the other hand, existence theorems for a solution of generic Cauchyproblems for the Einstein equations with an infinite proper time of existencefor a family of observers have been obtained but their timelike or null


This research introduces the process of PWES- MIS based on the network information technology and the port & waterway engineering supervision experiences, and expatiates the main functions, flow of data and specialty of technology of the system. The result of testing operation indicates that the PWES -MIS is of great practical significance.


To ease the development of and foster experimentation with new computational models of evolution, we introduce the Evolutionary Computation Toolkit. The Evolutionary Computation Toolkit is a library of Java classes for constructing systems based on the principles of Darwinian evolution. This document provides a basic overview of the toolkit; including motivation for its development, a description of the coevolutionary model on which it is based, and high-level information about its primary classes and interfaces.


The AGV(automated guided vehicle) with visual guide is designed based on embedded control system. Several hardware modules are designed,such as motion control,stepper motor transfer,visual guide,automatic charging,obstacle avoidance,wireless communication,etc.The feature extraction and recognition of the guided road based on visual are studied.District guidance control algorithm is designed.Software system is developed based on Linux,including the embedded control system software and remote monitoring software.Finally, the debug and test of the system are finished to achieve the desired performance.


It was shown that unilateral lesions of the left and right sensorimotor cortex in male Wistar rats led to similar deficit in manipulatory ability to perform the reaching task. Recovery rate depended on the side of lesion, i.e., damage of the right hemisphere was compensated sooner than that of the left one. This difference was significant in ambidextrous rats while in sinistrals and dextrals it was not pronounced.


In epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas' disease, arginine kinase activity increased continuously during the exponential phase of growth. A correlation between growth rate, enzyme-specific activity and enzyme protein was observed. Arginine kinase-specific activity, expressed as a function of enzyme protein, remains roughly constant up to 18 days of culture. In the whole range of the culture time mRNA levels showed minor changes indicating that the enzyme activity is post-transcriptionally regulated. Arginine kinase could be proposed as a modulator of energetic reserves under starvation stress condition. ß 2001 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Along with the rapid development of network technology,high-speed network gradually spreads,and high-speed network content monitoring is one of the basic measures to protect network security.This paper proposes a solution for high-speed network content monitoring system.The system,based on snort design and reformation,considering the features like high speed network information processing's timeliness,the indivisibility of analysis based on conversation connection and so on,overalls the combination of buffer cohort and multi-threading,the lightweight load balance strategies,the improvement of the rules match pattern and AC-WM multi-pattern match algorithm.The test shows that the measures given above can raise the efficiency of system and improve its performance.


The evaluation of the radiological impact in soils due to the fly-ash ponds using both in situ techniques and laboratory based measurements is presented. In order to check the in situ techniques capabilities for monitoring this type of industries, a comparison between both techniques was performed. A characterization of external radiation exposure in the fly-ash pond and in its surrounding soils was made. The associated external radiological hazard due to the fly-ash pond has been evaluated. In situ techniques could be used to determine the radiological impact on soils due to fly-ash deposition, but its use could be limited due to the associated uncertainties.


Frontal sinus aspergillosis is a rare infection that can be usually associated with immunocompromised states and life-threatening with high mortality rate. The authors report in a developing country a case of immunocompetent patient with left unilateral frontal headache, associated with left eye ptosis. The Brain CT Scan revealed frontal sinus aspergillosis. She underwent surgery followed by itraconazole cure. The outcome is successful after a period of 14 months with resolution of symptomatology. Anatomopathological examination confirmed aspergillosis. They share their experience of management of this disease in a country where neurosurgery is very young specialty and where molecules against aspergillosis are not available.


Results Of the 6,024 patients who survived their first operation, 592 (9%) died during the 45-year follow-up period. The progress of treatment was seen in the survival of the patients operated on in different decades. The cause of death was confirmed with postmortem examination in 474 (81%) cases. The majority of patients (397, 67%) died owing to the CHD. Furthermore, non–CHD-related mortality was twice as high (risk ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 2.4) as expected. The main mode for CHD-related death was heart failure (40%). Other modes included perioperative (26%), sudden (22%), and cardiovascular (12%) deaths. The number of deaths caused by neurological and respiratory diseases was higher and the number of accidental deaths was lower than expected.


Objectives/Hypothesis: The transnasal endoscopic approach has become the preferred technique for the surgical management of patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks of the anterior, sellar, and parasellar skull base. The literature has reported an 85% to 100% success rate for the endoscopic repair of CSF leaks, which compares favorably with that reported after transcranial repair. Despite an adequate repair, a subpopulation of patients remain at high risk for recurrence of the CSF leak attributable to undiagnosed high‐pressure hydrocephalus. Patients at high risk for high‐pressure hydrocephalus include those who have had a subarachnoid hemorrhage as a result of trauma (accidental or surgical) or stroke and those with spontaneous CSF leaks.


. The main objective of the FROST experiment at Jefferson Lab is the study of baryon resonances. The polarization observable E for the reaction (cid:126) γ (cid:126) p → π + n has been measured as part of this program. A circularly polarized tagged photon beam with energies from 0.35 to 2.35 GeV was incident on a longitudinally polarized frozen-spin butanol target. The final-state pions were detected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. Preliminary polarization data agree fairly well with present SAID and MAID partial-wave analyses at low photon energies. In most of the covered energy range, however, significant deviations are observed. These discrepancies underline the crucial importance of polarization observables to further constrain these analyses.


The examples, that we denote by Gw, given in [2] of contact metric spaces which are weakly locally u -symmetric, but not strongly, satisfy the stronger condition that their contact metric structure is homogeneous. In this paper we give the Þrst example of weakly locally u-symmetric space which is not homogeneous, consequently these spaces form a larger class. Moreover, we show that the examples Gw are the only 3-dimensional weakly, but not strongly, locally u-symmetric spaces which have constant scalar curvature and vertical Ricci curvature.


Background: Students' academic failure (AF) is one of the main problems of various universities. In the meantime, the academic decline of medical students is more critical because this field is related to society's health with high occupational sensitivity. Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate the AF level of medical students and the factors affecting it in a military medical training center. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 184 medical students using a questionnaire. After collecting the data, the students were divided into three categories: students with at least one academic probation semester, students with a total average of basic sciences between 12 and 15, and students with a total average of basic sciences more than 15. Then, AF levels and factors that affect them were investigated. Results: The results showed that the frequency of students with AF was 25%. In addition, there was a significant relationship between AF and some variables, including marital status, residence status, date of entry into university, national entrance exam score, national entrance exam rank, diploma grade average, amount of daily study, content, and grouping (of internal university factors) and family problems (of extramural factors). In contrast, there was no significant correlation between AF and other variables, including gender, age of entry into university, father's education level, mother's education level, and other intra-university and extra-university factors. Conclusions: Based on the results, the officials and academic advisors in universities must pay attention to the issues and problems related to unmarried students with a longer duration of education in Universities to prevent AF among students. Students who live in the dormitory should also consider this issue. The level of education and learning of students can be increased by providing the necessary advice and training and a better standard of living in the dormitories, especially for single students.


A method is outlined for estimating, from a statistical sample of exposure times and noise levels, the percentage of noise-impacted workers who are overexposed according to the OSHA regulation.


The purpose of this study is to determine the role of low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human macrophages and their inflammatory response. The effects of EMF on humans are highly dependent on frequencies. Studies have shown that low EMF (25-30 Hz) frequencies can help lower inflammation and suppress pain, as well as induce healing in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Macrophages are known for their pro-inflammatory responses against foreign antigens and their anti-inflammatory and angiogenic responses in cancer. We wanted to determine the effects of 27Hz EMF on macrophage phagocytosis and gene expression to determine whether low frequency EMF can decrease inflammation. This can help us understand the role of low frequency EMF in macrophage function. This may provide further insight as to how macrophages may be affected when fighting disease, especially cancer. We incubated the monocytic cell line U937 with 200-400 ng of phorbol-12 myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 hours to allow for differentiation into macrophages. Once cells had differentiated, we stained the cells with the eFluor 670 dye for 30 minutes. The cells were then washed and plated in 12-well plates at 1X106 cells/mL and allowed to attach for 15 minutes. Cells were exposed to 27 Hz EMF treatment for 30 or 60 minutes or no exposure at all (control). After EMF treatment, a solution of PE fluorescent beads was added to the cells. U937 cells were allowed to phagocytose for 60 minutes. Engulfment levels were then measured with Flow Cytometry and results were analyzed with FlowJo Software. The percentage of macrophages involved in engulfment of 1 bead, 2 beads, and 3+ beads were determined. With 30 minutes of 27Hz EMF treatment the macrophages showed a significant reduction in total engulfment compared to the control. When looking at the percentages of macrophages that engulfed 1 bead or 2 beads, a higher percentage of treated macrophages engulfed 1 bead and a similar percentage engulfed two beads as compared to the control. Interestingly, the percentage of macrophages that engulfed 3+ beads was reduced significantly. This suggests 30 minutes of exposure to EMF treatment decreased the aggressiveness of the macrophages. In contrast, after 60 minutes of exposure to EMF treatment, the total engulfment percentage increased by more than 5%. This was seen by a higher percentage of cells participating in engulfment of 3+ beads as compared to the control. In conclusion, we observed that with 30 minutes of exposure, macrophages tend to be less aggressive but after 60 minutes a shift in aggressiveness is observed. Our research implies that macrophages can be induced to a more aggressive state with 60 minutes of electromagnetic field treatment. Further research is ongoing to understand the effects of different time intervals of EMF treatment on macrophages. Citation Format: Weston Scot Burrup, Evita G. Weagel, Richard A. Robison, Kim L. O9Neill. Low frequency electromagnetic field suppresses macrophage phagocytosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5692.


ABSTRACT This article focuses on the system of civilian oversight of police misconduct and corruption in Victoria and the prospects for reform. It considers the 2018 report and recommendations of a parliamentary 'Inquiry into the external oversight of police corruption and misconduct in Victoria' by the Independent Broad-based Anti-corruption Commission (IBAC) Committee, along with the cases and scandals that fuel calls for reforms to the current system. It compares the extant hybrid model of civilian review and investigation between police and IBAC in Victoria with the civilian control model in Northern Ireland where investigations of police misconduct and corruption are undertaken exclusively by the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland (PONI). It reflects on the current social and political factors in Victoria which might support or undermine reform in the context of lessons from Northern Ireland, where policing and police oversight underwent extensive reform at the turn of the millennium.


Since the beginning of the first forms of human coexistence, the need for order and safety has undoubtedly become imperative. During the development of the state, the idea of public order was outlined in different ways, but it was always accompanied by the police law of the state. Until now, the consolidation of the state has relied on the maintenance of order and public safety. This concept is reflected in the state's focus on protecting social rights, life and integrity of citizens, compliance with established rules and other accepted values. Thanks to the authorities to which the state resorted, the priority of ensuring public order became satisfied, through the activities of preventing and countering antisocial phenomena. The complete realization of social equilibrium is disturbed by facts against which the forces must fix measures. Thus, the local police, one of the current institutions used by the state, constantly struggles with circumstances in which the action of law enforcement is required to restore peace. Whether acting alone or cooperating with other public safety maintenance forces, such as: the gendarmerie, the Romanian police, the courts, the local police respects a set of specific principles and rules that guide its activity in different fields. So, the duties of a policeman are reflected in the sectors of public order and peace, environmental protection, traffic on public roads, commercial activity, records of persons and other legally regulated areas. I believe that, for each area of activity, the police officer must follow a series of rules that protect him from errors in the intervention. The indispensability of knowing how to act in certain situations is determined by the fact that the legal provisions that illustrate the rights and obligations of the police officer do not subject to rules the difficulties regarding the procedures for intervention, behavior and reaction to incidents. The police force performs its service in the field, in particular, making direct contact with the population, and in this way it becomes the first frontier of confrontation with criminals. Therefore, the performance of a professional service is closely related to the manner in which a police officer acts in the interest of the community.


We are proud to introduce the proceedings of the second Siberian Industrial Days international forum. The event was organized by the Siberian Design Center of Tomsk State University and held semi virtually on May 15-16. The coorganizers of the event are Co-organizers are Belgorod State Technical University n.a. Shukhov (Belgorod) and Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy n.a. Stieglitz (St Petersburg). The event is dedicated mostly to such topics as design, aesthetics, and arts. However, among the course of the event several dozen presentations had a scientific value so we made a decision to publish this volume. The volume is comprised of 38 selected academic papers discussing various topics of industrial design. Most of the papers devoted to architectural design, computer graphics and its applications as well as the design of consumer goods. All materials were reviewed by the editorial team and discussed within the virtual meetings. Authors had their time to take into account not only remarks of referees but also feedback from the colleagues and attendees. The revised and edited papers were proofread by linguists of Tomsk State University to ensure the material's clarity. Despite the fact that this year event took a part in the middle of the CoVid-19 pandemic the attendance was relatively high thanks to virtual participation. Several design projects and a dozen of researches were successfully presented virtually via BigBlueButton service. There were approximately 140 active participants in all meetings, including those dedicated to arts and business. Academic meetings in the course of the forum had almost 30 unique attendees excluding committee members. We would like to express our highest appreciation to the organizers and patrons of the forum, multidisciplinary editorial team, and IOP Publishing for the opportunity to reach the global design community with these proceedings. With all the best, On behalf of the organizers Victor A. Klimenko, Director of Siberian Design Center, National Research Tomsk State University Natalia I. Kozhukhova , associate professor, Belgorod State Technical University


To improve the stability and economy of traction power supply system, an optimal scheduling method of multi-energy complementary traction power supply system considering uncertainty was proposed. The photovoltaic and hydrogen energy are connected to the traction power supply system, which is helpful to solve the problem of abandoned light and complete the energy supply of the hydrogen energy railway project operation car. Firstly, a multi-energy complementary traction power supply system structure was constructed. The minimum daily operating cost of the system was taken as the objective function, and the system optimal scheduling model was established under the condition of power constraint. Finally, PV uncertainties are handled in a robust optimization manner. The results of the case analysis show that the optimal scheduling can obtain the output results under the economic optimal condition, and considering the uncertainty of the photovoltaic output can make the power of each module of the system more reasonable, which has a positive effect on reducing the operating cost and improving the operation reliability of the traction power supply system.


It analyses the problem about the GIS in installation and regulating,aims at improve the quality of GIS in design,installation and regulating.


Snowpack sublimation is an important hydrologic process which can account for significant water losses to the atmosphere. Snowpack sublimation has been estimated to account for 19% of total winter precipitation in the Wyoming Medicine Bow National Forest, 15% in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, and 18% in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Errors can be in the range of +/-20% for these sublimation totals. The large degree of uncertainty can have significant consequences on hydrologic studies, water supply forecasting, and water supply modelling. We modeled snowpack sublimation by calculating snowpack latent heat flux using the bulk aerodynamic flux equation for water year 2005 at West Glacier Lake watershed within the Glacier Lakes Ecosystem Experiments Site (GLEES), Wyoming. This method has the advantage of requiring meteorological measurements at only one height above the snow surface. To evaluate the sensitivity of modeled sublimation values to uncertainties of the input data, we performed a Monte Carlo analysis. Input variable time series were uniformly adjusted by a normally distributed random variable with zero mean and a standard deviation given as follows. For temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and pressure, the standard deviation equaled the manufacturer's stated instrument accuracy (0.3°C, 0.3m/s, 2%, 1mb). We set the surface aerodynamic roughness length (Zo) standard deviation to 0.0093 m, based on Zo standard deviation calculated from multiple heights. We held the measurement height (Z) constant with a standard deviation of 0.08 m, and subsequently altered Z to account for the change in snow depth.


A case of well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is presented. Unlike most previously reported cases, the tumor developed in association with squamous metaplasia as well as dysplastic and in situ adenocarcinomatous changes of the gallbladder epithelium. The significance of these lesions is discussed in relation to the histogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma of this organ.


The current system of nursing education in Japan was the result of reform during the Occupation. This study analyzes the deliberative process by which a new professional nursing education system was implemented in postwar Japan. Colonel Crawford F. Sams (Sams) of the Public Health and Welfare Section of General Headquarters established the Nursing Education Council in 1946 to deliberate a new nursing education system. The council held discussions on curriculum, and the position and role of nursing in Japan. The deliberations resulted in a system in which the three types of nurses, clinical, public health and midwives, were unified under one general education system, with high school graduation a prerequisite for entrance. A 3-year basic course of nursing for all nurses, following specific guidelines set by the council, was designed. Specialists in midwifery or public health required post-graduate education. Nursing was formally recognized as a profession. This study clarifies the deliberative process by which a new nursing education system, unique to Japan, was established in a national nursing policy initiative during the Occupation.


In Space and Time in Epic Theater: The Brechtian Legacy, Sarah Bryant-Bertail weaves together semiotics, postmodern historiography, and historical materialism, analyzing epic theatre from its inception to its contemporary manifestations in Europe, India, and the US. The book bears some comparison to Freddie Rokem's Performing History in its theorizing about historicity and its broad range of theatrical examples. But instead of theorizing generally about history and its relation to representation, she grounds her analysis specifically in the self-conscious historicity of epic theatre. What distinguishes epic theatre is its foregrounding of the construction of space and time, its "dynamic, selfaware representations of space, time and history" (8), without any attempt to reconcile contradictions or tensions between these representations. According to Bryant-Bertail, Brecht and Piscator closely followed Marx's historical materialism: "the theater was to demystify the operation of social, economic, and political forces by showing how certain orders of reality had developed historically and were perpetuated" (2–3). In this way, she articulates semiotics itself as a political gesture, echoing Eco's idea that "because semiotics can reveal the construction of ideological texts, . . . it can be a form of social criticism and thus a form of social practice" (72). In epic theatre, everything is "history in the making," or, as Bryant-Bertail phrases it, "the staging of historicity itself," revealing history as "eminently changeable, a continuing work capable of being rewritten" (5). Herein lies its political efficacy, for the present as well as for the past.


The Chāndogya Upaniṣad (ChU ) is usually regarded as one of the very oldest Upaniṣads, though possibly younger than the Bṛhadāraṇyaka. The ChU contains several quotations from the Ṛgveda. The ChU's association with the Sāmaveda, the Veda of the Chants, is reflected in the many passages on chanting and sound. The chanting of the udgītha is of central importance in the agniṣṭoma ritual, and echoes of this ritual can be found throughout the Upaniṣad. Animal utterances appear to have some significance, and yet lack semantic meaning, which makes animal sounds similar to mantras. Throughout the ChU, brahman is identified with ākāśa, or space. The discovery of ātman is the most central philosophical theme in the ChU. The philosophy of Sanatkumāra is described in some detail in a long dialogue between this teacher and his student Nārada in the seventh chapter of the ChU.Keywords: ātman; Ṛgveda; brahman; Chāndogya Upaniṣad (ChU0


This paper explores greyhound rehoming as a practice through which the sentient surplus of New Zealand's racing industry is dealt with. We bring nature-society geography and moral economy scholarship into productive alignment to ask how and to what effect new forms of value are (re)generated from greyhound bodies and lives that have been cast outside the pale of value as surplus. Accounts offered by both literatures tend not to venture beyond the commodity and are yet to fully engage with the entangled nature of morality and the economy. We seek to address these gaps by mapping the workings of a project that attempts to deal with the moral-economic excess of a capitalist nature(culture). By drawing on interviews with five key rehoming actors and an analysis of industry-affiliated documentary material, we trace the material and discursive practices that are aligned around surplus greyhounds in the interest of making value realisable again. Out of our analysis emerge three configurations through which the bodies and labours of these creatures are brought back into the pale of value: as companions-in-waiting, as undead things, and as transformational figures. While these orientations are contested and the value generated from them unevenly distributed, they see value in this capitalist natureculture be reworked so that accumulation can continue. We argue that sentient surplus is a productive paradox that allows the moral and the political to be brought into a fraught but ultimately productive alignment that obscures the contingencies, asymmetries and grim realities of value creation and distribution in greyhound worlds.


Curriculum with political study is the major institutional innovation of the ideological and political education reform in China in the new era. As the transboundary affairs,the curriculum with political study faces the fragmentation problems in cognition,subject,resources and participation. Based on the theory of holistic governance,the curriculum with political study should establish four mechanisms of trust,integration,coordination and participation in order to share the values and resources of the political education and improve the ability of the political education among all the Chinese universities.


South Africa held its fourth national election on 22 April 2009, a date preceded by a series of unprecedented events. The hitherto dominant ruling party, the African National Congress (ANC), had split in the latter part of 2008, spawning a new political party, the Congress of the People (Cope). Earlier, at the party's 2007 National Conference, ANC members had elected Jacob Zuma, which meant he was virtually certain to become the party's presidential candidate in 2009.


Introduction. Antiseptic drugs currently occupy an important place in the treatment and prevention of ocular infectious and inflammatory diseases. Often microorganisms are characterized not only by resistance to a single antibiotic, but also by the presence of multiple resistances, which limits the choice of an effective drug. This problem requires a detailed study and monitoring of the sensitivity of the main pathogens of ocular infections, not only to antibiotics but also to antiseptics. The aim was to study the species composition of conjunctival microflora in patients with ocular surface infection and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of antiseptic eye drops. Materials and methods. Investigation was carried out in 2012–2018 in 4237 bacterial conjunctivitis patients. The sensitivity to antiseptic preparations of pathogens isolated from patients with conjunctivitis was detected. Results. 1068 strains of microorganisms isolated from the conjunctival cavity of patients were tested. Gram-positive cocci dominated among clinically significant pathogens – 47.4%. Antimicrobial activity of Vitabact ® eye drops against gram-positive cocci was higher than that of antiseptic Okomistin ® . Summary. Antimicrobial activity of the studied antiseptics against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens was different. It is necessary to conduct further research on the antimicrobial activity of antiseptic eye drops.


After seven years'reform and exploration,the course reform of elementary education has made heartening progress and achieved some success.While there are still some problems,the information popularizing distortion,the information source distortion,the word misreading,the information reducing and physical distortion are easy to cause the divergences in people understanding the course reform of elementary education.Under these circumstances,we should strengthen the training of headmaster and teacher,establish the direct connection between teachers and experts,increase the symposia at schools themselves,prefect the evaluation system reform and the test system reform.


The folk tales of Tibetan nationality is divided into two kinds:one is the story of written form,the other is the story of oral communication.Main source of the story of the written form is in "the Corpse language story".After it streamed into the Tibetan area from India,most of the stories have already localized,contained the culture of the Tibetan area.The stories of oral communication have the solid of primitive ideas and social phenomena.In the story the idea of soul depending on body,the system of a wife being married several husbands,custom for the dead etc.,contains abundant folk culture of Tibetan nationality. [


We propose and experimentally demonstrate a reactive planning system for bipedal robots on unexplored, challenging terrain. The system includes: a multilayer local map for assessing traversability; an anytime omnidirectional control Lyapunov function for use with a rapidly exploring random tree star (RRT*) that generates a vector field for specifying motion between nodes; a subgoal finder when the final goal is outside of the current map; and a finite-state machine to handle high-level mission decisions. The system also includes a reactive thread that copes with robot deviations via a vector field, defined by a closed-loop feedback policy. The vector field provides real-time control commands to the robot's gait controller as a function of instantaneous robot pose. The system is evaluated on various challenging outdoor terrains and cluttered indoor scenes in both simulation and experiment on Cassie Blue, a bipedal robot with 20 degrees of freedom. All implementations are coded in C++ with the robot operating system and are available at https://github.com/UMich-BipedLab/CLF_reactive_planning_system.


In the graphic arts industry, a digital image is stored as four continuous tone files of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black (CMYK). These are the most common colors used in a 4-color ink printing process. Since a printing press cannot print "differential" amounts of ink at a given location, printers achieve fine tonal gradations by printing halftone dots of smoothly changing "areas". A screening computer's primary function is to convert these continuous tone pixel values into halftone dots. In general, the task of transforming continuous tone pixel values into halftone dots is computationally intensive. Furthermore, when using a high resolution output writer, screened halftone bitmapped images can easily exceed 100 Mbytes per separation, resulting in lengthy and unacceptable screening times. As a result, the sheer volume of data that must be manipulated in the screening process dictates the need for a high performance, special purpose screening engine, which does not degrade the performance of the target system. This paper first introduces the fundamental theory and concepts of electronic digital halftone screening. Second, a set of fundamental functional requirements for a digital screening computer are developed. Third, a parallel, pipelined screening computer design, which meets the developed functional requirements, is presented. Last, an illustration of digitally screened halftone dots is provided.


Dissolving the test specimen and making solution, leading the solution to plasma light source to activate the test element producing spectral line, then the instrument brings out analysis result according to the spectral line strength of the test element. This specification stipulates the analysis method with ICPS-1000IV single-pass scan spectrograph. It is proven by repeated tests and studies that this method has high accuracy and short analysis cycle.


Water is one of the fifth element that is the most attractive to humans. We drink, we swim, we admire, we touch, we play... we can't live without it, and yet it remains a foreign body to us. A myst ...


Human habitat degradation can alter important factors for fish reproduction and survival of youngest life stages and therefore interfere with reproductive success. Although periodic species like nase (Chondrostoma nasus L.) can compensate for single years with unfavourable conditions for reproduction, an increase in numbers of years with unfavourable conditions for spawning could bring local subpopulations to extinction. If habitat fragmentation prevents recolonization, a massive regional population decline can be expected. In the present study, a simulation model including 4 different scenarios was used to explore the regulation of population development. Basic population parameters, survival of different stages of 0+ nase and reproduction were investigated on five different spawning grounds in the River Aare near Berne during three years. Missing data were obtained from the literature. Because of a high proportion of years with unfavourable conditions for reproduction of nase and an unbalanced population structure, a massive population decline has to be expected in the next years. Reproductive success, mortalities of early life stages and population structure are crucial for the population dynamics of the nase. Conclusions should be drawn for local habitat management. Small-scale habitat improvements promise best results to increase survival of 0+ stages. The protection of spawning sites and habitats with reduced currents for larval and juvenile nase under different discharge levels are proposed.


To secure reproducible results with the chemical durability test in which distilled water is used as the leaching medium, the distilled water must be prepared with special care because certain impurities, of which copper is the most important, are present in small quantities and exhibit a marked effect on alkalinity values. Other impurities, such as lead, iron, sodium silicate, and sodium carbonate, which may be found occasionally in distilled water, do not have as great an effect as copper on alkalinity values. The temperature at which the leaching is carried out has a much greater effect on the test than the length of the test period.


Objective: To observe the effect of Liuwei Dihuang Tang (LDT) on the learning and memory ability of aging yin-deficiency rat models and to explore its mechanism. Methods: Thirty SD rats were allocated to three groups: aging model group, aging yin- deficiency model group and LDT treatment group. Morris Water Maze was applied. Escape latency, the shortening of long term potemtiation (LTP) incubation poied (% ) and the increasing of population spike (PS) amplitude were measured. Results: Compared with aging model group and LDT treatment group, the escape latency and latency of LTP were prolonged (P0. 05), the increasing of PS amplitude was decreased (P0. 05) in aging vin - deficiency rat inodels. There was no significant difference between the aging model group and LDT treatment group. Conclusion: The learning and memory of aging yin - defidency rats is worse than that of aging rats. And LDT can improve the learning and memory of aging vin - deficiency rats.


Genitourinary tumor was one of the most frequent malignant tumors in the world and has received a lot of attention due to its high incidence and fatality rates (Miller et al., 2022). The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of immune cells, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and other components that influence tumor growth (Dunn et al., 2004). Changes in the components of TME have a major impact on genitourinary tumor metastasis and lead to poor clinical outcomes. More and more non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are implicated in TME-mediated carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance (Liu et al., 2021; Jiang et al., 2022; Rajtmajerová et al., 2022; Xu et al., 2022). Clarifying the regulatory link between ncRNAs and TME might aid in the development of innovative therapeutic options for genitourinary malignancies, which would be extremely advantageous in improving the prognosis of patients. The TME is complicated, and numerous ncRNAs are known to have an influence in the TME, but further research is needed to determine the particular regulatory functions (Shao et al., 2022). Furthermore, it is critical to understand how to control the abnormal expression of ncRNAs in the TME. As a result, we aimed to identify the crucial regulatory roles of ncRNAs in diverse components of the TME and to offer the theoretical foundation for their use in tumor diagnostics and therapy. Impressively, we have chosen five outstanding publications from a large number of articles for this Research Topic. Four of them offered biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes, while another examined the connection between ncRNA and autophagy and its significance in bladder cancer (BC). We expect that these findings will shed fresh light on the features of TME as well as the treatment and prognosis of genitourinary malignancies. Ferroptosis is a promising anticancer therapeutic target, and lncRNAs can influence ferroptosis viamodulating related genes. aimed to identify the regulatory function of lncRNAs in ferroptosis and establish a theoretical foundation for their use in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). They OPEN ACCESS


Introduction Vitamin D insufficiency is a global health problem affecting healthy and diseased individuals, including patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Identifying dietary factors that may affect vitamin D levels and providing dietary guidelines accordingly can alleviate this problem. We therefore aimed to identify still unknown associations of dietary patterns, assessed through the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with vitamin D blood levels. Materials and methods FFQ was collected from 459 patients from Croatian Biobank of Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (CROHT), while total 25(OH)D was measured from their stored serum samples. We performed linear regression analysis between vitamin D levels and weekly intake of 24 food groups in 459 patients with HT (ALL), and in two disease-severity groups (MILD and OVERT). Results The main results of our study are observations of: (1) an inverse association between vitamin D levels and coffee consumption (ALL: β = −0.433, p = 0.005; OVERT: β = −0.62, p = 0.008); (2) an inverse association between vitamin D levels and sweets consumption (ALL: β = −0.195, p = 0.034; OVERT: β = −0.431, p = 0.006); (3) positive association between vitamin D levels and vegetable consumption (ALL: β = 0.182, p = 0.019; OVERT, β = 0.311, p = 0.009). Importantly, effect sizes of all three associations were more prominent in HT patients with prolonged and more severe disease (OVERT). Conclusion Further research into the functional and causal relationships of the observed associations is important to provide guidance regarding coffee/sugar intake on vitamin D status. A well-balanced diet can help prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve the quality of life of patients with HT, especially those in later stages of disease characterized by greater metabolic imbalance.


Daylily ( Hemerocallis spp.) is attacked by the fungus Puccinia hemerocallidis . In Mexico there are no reports of this disease nor of plant material resistant to the pathogen. Since 2008, symptoms of rust on leaves of H. lilioasphodelus have been observed in the garden of a private house in the municipality of Chicoloapan de Juarez, State of Mexico, and in a nursery in Fortin de las Flores, Veracruz. The objectives of this investigation were to identify morphologically and molecularly the isolates of both locations and characterize the resistance to this disease macroscopically in five genotypes of Hemerocallis spp. under greenhouse conditions. According to the morphological characteristics of uredospores, teliospores and molecular studies, the fungus was identified as P. hemerocallidis . The genotypes evaluated were grouped into three resistance categories: H. lilioasphodelus behaved susceptible; 'Radiant Greetings' and 'Stella d'Oro' cultivars of the H. hybrida species were classified as moderately resistant; the cultivar 'Cherry Wine' and the species H. fulva were grouped as resistant; the latter presents a probable partial resistance sensu Parlevliet. The presence of P. hemerocallidis and the resistance of daylily genotypes are reported for the first time in Mexico.


The general characteristic methods of the mass-spectrometric study of flames and combustion processes, and the latest achievements in experimental technique in the molecular-beam diagnostics of flames have been examined. The problems associated with the use of probe methods—the effects of freezing the chemical reactions, translational-vibrational relaxation, and perturbations introduced by the probe in the combustion process—have been analysed. The possibilities provided by the technique have been demonstrated for various examples in the study of the combustion of gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels, including that in various technical arrangements—internal combustion engines and liquid rocket motors. Questions related to the use of mass-spectrometric probes for the study of the mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions in flames and for the determination of the rate constants of the elementary stages have been discussed. The bibliography contains 53 references.


By detecting and analyzing positron annihilation photons, bremsstrahlung photons and Compton scattered photons that are produced after the interaction of X-rays and matter, atomic number may be identified to find concealed SNM (special nuclear material). A code of reading and analyzing data from PTRAC card from MCNP5 simulation has been designed to explore the birth history of each photon. The simulation results indicate that the optimum detection angle is 145 degree and show that the information of Z (especially for high Z) of inspected materials can be extracted effectively. An experimental facility based on 7 MeV LINAC and LaBr3(Ce) detector has been set up for experimental study. Preliminary results demonstrate the possibility of high Z materials identification.


This paper first analyzes not only the internal motives such as improving innovative capability and reducing costs,but also the external motives like driving regional economic development.Meanwhile it analyzes the regional influencing factors of high-tech industrial clusters such as market demand,human resources,venture capital,etc.Furthermore,it analyzes the effects of high-tech industrial clusters towards regional economic enhancement.Based on the above,some forward-looking strategies are put forward to enlarge the high-tech industrial clusters and promote regional economic development.


This paper focuses on current efforts being supported by EPA to develop new concepts of thermochemical (or pyrolytic) conversion of wastes to energy. More specifically, this paper discusses four EPA projects that are investigating basic reaction kinetics and ways to enhance the yield and quality of pyrolysis end-products; these are: subpilot-scale pyrolysis of mixed wastes to fuel gas, fuel oil and char in a 500 lb/hour fluidized bed reactor (by the Energy Resources Company, ERCO); bench-scale steam gasification of agricultural and feedlot wastes to energy products (by Princeton University); laboratory tests on a process that converts a troublesome waste, discarded tires, into fuels and other products by utilization of a molten salt catalytic technique (by the University of Tennessee); and integrated bench-scale development of a non-catalytic process that transforms pyrolysis off-gases into polymer gasoline (research being conducted via Interagency Agreement with China Lake, California, Naval Weapons Center).


The post-colonialism is a point of view that fundamentally judges the colonial period and after the colonial period by identical coloniality. Thus the post-colonialism can be called an attitude to require investigation and dissolution of the colonaility that still exercises its influence after independence, as it did in the military colonial period. If the colonial modern age is located in the context to justify that Japanese imperialism dominated Korea, the modernization discourse embodies the logic of power to justify that western society dominated anti-western society. Therefore, this article intends to read Kim Su-Young and his poetry, concentrated on a critical mind in the post-colonialism that attempted to oppose or counteract to ideology centering around Europe. The critical mind in the post-colonialism can be a method to understand modern age and modernity of the third world. And it is another poetry reading to approach Kim Su-Young and his poetry without fixed substance. Kim Su-Young and his poetry have caused various critical disputes, because of the vast extent in discourse and the difficult text that can't be understood. Kim Su-Young and his poetry reveals the post-colonial situation typically. In the structure divided into two, that is. the center and the periphery. they imply the superiority or the opposition of the latter to the former. This formulation can be called the course of self-differentiation to establish an identity of the poetic self that was made a stranger and was made a periphery, with techniques as decolonization, abrogation, appropriation, write back and so on.


Chemical Synthesis of the Dodeecanuceleotide. dCACAAGCTTGTG

For studies of some sequence dependent structural factors the self-complementary dodecanucleotide dCACAAGCTTGTG was required. Its chemical synthesis is reported according to the diester approach starting with the monomers dC, dpA, dpG, dpC and dpT.


This paper presents the results of a large-scale randomized experiment conducted across 1,496 public primary schools in Mexico. The experiment identifies the impact on schools' managerial capacity and student test scores of providing schools with: (a) cash grants, (b) managerial training for school principals, or (c) both. The school principals' managerial training focused on improving principals' capacities to collect and use data to monitor students' basic numeracy and literacy skills and provide feedback to teachers on their instruction and pedagogical practices. After two years of implementing these interventions, the study finds that: (a) the cash grant had no impact on the student's test scores or the management capacity of school principals; (b) the managerial training improved school principals' managerial capacity but had no impact on students' test scores; and (c) the combination of cash grants and managerial training amplified the effect on the school principals' managerial capacity and had a positive but statistically insignificant impact on students' test scores.


This study's purpose is to consider the biblical perspective of spiritual resilience- i.e., the ability to recover from spiritual suffering-and to outline its components. To this end, the study examines the definitions and characteristics of spiritual distress that have already been identified and then proposed new components of spiritual resilience as the ability to recover from spiritual distress. The study found that spiritual suffering lies at the heart of all suffering, often including a sense of disconnection from God, meaninglessness. Spiritual resilience can be defined as the capacity required to alleviate spiritual suffering, an essential capacity that must be cultivated by saints existing in a corrupt world of depravity. Spiritual resilience is based on two forms of knowledge: knowledge of God and an understanding of the suffering from a biblical perspective. Knowledge of God includes the image of God in the Bible, God who knows our suffering, and God who comforts us on the last day. Understanding pain from a biblical point of view involves understanding pain through the doctrines of creation, depravity, and redemption, discovering the meaning of pain as a process of sanctification, and perceiving suffering as the process of full recovery to come. Based on these two forms of underlying knowledge, the capacity of spiritual resilience made up of intellectual, emotional, and willful internal competencies and the capacity of the faith community, external competency. Finally, this study recommends a specific application of the concept of spiritual resilience in Christian education and counseling.


The simultaneous need for a wide angle of eld and high resolution has led to the use of spatially variant sensors in active vision systems. The use of such sensors however necessitates the existence of gaze control mechanisms for guiding the foveal high resolution region of the sensor to points of interest in the visual world. While bottom-up alerting cues such as motion have previously been used for this purpose, tasks such as visual search are better facilitated by top-down guidance mechanisms. In this paper, we describe the use of iconic scene descriptions for top-down foveal targeting. These descriptions take the form of a vector of responses of a bank of steerable lters at multiple scales and orientations. Such a representation has a number of useful properties such as rotation and scale invariance, partial view-insensitivity and tolerance to occlusions. Top-down control of gaze for uniform resolution sensors is achieved by the process of backpro-jection which matches vectors of a previously foveated point to instances of the point in other possibly transformed images. The multiscale structure of representation can be exploited to extend this procedure to the space-variant case.


The actual or potential break up of nation-states in the PaciŽ c and elsewhere brings into focus how people attempt to construct regions and legitimise their connections to them. The context for this paper is the ongoing negotiations and manoeuvres by Torres Strait Islanders for some form of greater autonomy from Australia and from Aboriginal people.1 There are about 30,000 Torres Strait Islanders in Australia. Of these, 6,000 reside on Torres Strait's 18 inhabitable islands (Figure 1); the remainder, and vast majority, live


Foreign body ingestion is one of the commonest presenting complaints in emergency department throughout the world. Majority of foreign bodies will be expelled spontaneously or can be removed endoscopically but only a few require emergency surgical removal.Majority of foreign body ingestions are encountered in pediatric age group elderly and individuals with psychiatric illness being the next common group. We present here three cases of foreign body ingestion in unusual circumstances.


A short but sweet animation shot in a raw home-video style, Bin Can Can follows the increasingly elaborate antics of a group of suburban "wheely bins." Their awkward but meticulously choerographed dance is sychronized hilariously with Offenbach's familiar soundtrack. The animation (including the compositing) was produced almost entirely with SideEffects Software's Houdini on a standard desktop machine. The background plates are still photographs with CGI bins moving on top. The shaky illusion of a handheld camera was achived by cropping and panning the final composites using motion channels originally derived from mouse input.


Objective To investigate the mechanisms of human erythro-leukemia K562cells proliferation and apoptosis induced by HDN-1which was the secondary metabolites of antarctic soil fungi Oidiodendron truncatum GW3-13.Methods MTT assay was applied to examine the effect of HDN-1on the proliferation inhibition of K562cells.Hoechst 33342staining,DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and Western Blotting were used to detect the apoptosis of K562cells.Results HDN-1could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in K562cells in both time-and dose-dependent manners.Typical morphological changes and DNA fragmentation were observed under the treatment of HDN-1.Western Blotting showed cleavage of the caspase-9,8,3zymogen protein and an 89KD subunit cleavage product of ADPribose PARP after the treatment of HDN-1.Moreover,activation of caspase was dramatically inhibited by caspase specific inhibitor.Western Blotting also revealed that the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax was up-regulated significantly accompanied by the decrease of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2and Mcl-1.In addition,the Bcr-Abl protein was decreased by HDN-1in dose-dependent manners.Conclusion All these results suggest that HDN-1induces apoptosis of K562leukemia cells by impeding the expression of Bcr-Abl protein,and the apoptosis of K562cells depends both on the death receptor pathway and the mitochondrial pathway.


ABSTRACT Background Plants growing on extreme soils have mainly been described in relation to their adaptations to edaphic conditions, although herbivores may also be an important factor in these ecosystems. Gypsum soils occur in drylands often where livestock practices occur. However, it is unknown whether plant traits related to gypsum soil constraints are associated with resistance to herbivory. Aims In order to assess whether gypsum specialist species might be favoured at higher grazing levels and to detect the traits involved, we evaluated the responses of gypsum specialists vs. generalists to three intensities of livestock pressure. Methods We analysed the relative cover shifts of species along a livestock gradient, and variation in canopy height, canopy area, leaf carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulphur (S), specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC). Results We found that gypsum-specialists responded by increasing or maintaining their cover at medium and high grazing pressure, whereas most generalists responded by decreasing it. Gypsum-specialists showed higher leaf S than generalists, regardless of grazing intensity. All species showed similar patterns for traits linked to loss of above-ground biomass when grazing increased. Conclusions Plant affinity to gypsum soils mediates vulnerability to grazing with foliar S possibly being a defence trait.


A new species of Bithoracochaeta Stein, 1911 (Diptera, Muscidae), Bithoracochaeta couriae sp. nov., is described and illustrated. In addition, we present comments on all Mexican species of the genus, a brief description of hunting behavior of B. couriae sp. nov. and its possible use as a biological control agent of greenhouses pests.


The experiment was conducted with soil available sulphur content of 22.78 mg/kg in 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 growing seasons.A total of eight fertilizeation treatments were implemented,2 N application rates(330、240 kg/hm2)and 4 S application rates(0,20,60,100 kg/hm2).The results indicated that fitting sulphur rate could improve the activity of nitrate reductase(NR),which was the key enzymes of nitrogen assimilation,and so improved the nitrogen assimilation ability.But under N330 supply levels,sulphur fertilization could reduce NR activity.Under the condition of nitrogen supply of 240 kg/hm2,sulphur fertilization could improve SPAD value of chlorophyll,and the more sulphur,the higher SPAD value.While under the condition of 330 kg/hm2, there was inhibition instead.The soluble protein content of flag leaf,under the different nitrogen supply levels,increased with the growth process,and drop promptly after reaching the maximum at anthesis.Under the same nitrogen supply level,its content increased with sulphur fertilization augment.The Photosynthesis Velocity(Pn) of flag leaf drop gradually since flowering.Under N330 supply level,Pn drop with sulphur fertilization,but gently.Under N240 supply level, increased with sulphur fertilization.Under the condition of N330 and N240,grains yield of N330S100,N330S60 and N300S20 had been improved by 28.6%,12.6% and 1.9% respectively;grains yield of N240S100,N240S60 and N240S20 improved by 25.7%,25.3% and 12.2% respectively.The level,but ears per 666.7 m2 and grains per ear hadn't.1 000-kernel weight of sulphur fertilization treatments had significant change under the same nitrogen supply.


Biology learning is a subject that is considered important in shaping students to be qualified. There are allegations of the low quality and low motivation of students, because: 1) There is no experience of students in learning to find and find their own concepts or material to be taught: 2) Students are not directly involved in assessment; 3) Teachers are less creative; 4). Saturation occurs with students. This study aims to improve the quality of learning and student motivation in mastering the concept of Plant Classification System in class X of SMA Negeri 7 Ambon. This study used a Classroom Action Research Design completed in three cycles. The results achieved illustrate that the better the learning managed by the teacher in the classroom, the better the quality of learning. Structured assignments, interesting material delivery, harmonious attitudes between teachers and students, between students themselves, and support by teachers increases student learning motivation. The teacher's attitude in dividing attention, concentrating group attention, reprimanding students, and providing reinforcement increases student learning motivation. The processing of classes, including: setting up learning facilities, arrangement of seating, lighting, and aeration space, is a supporting factor for the learning process and a conducive learning climate.


SPACE AND MEASURE IN SOUTH INDIA (EMIS). THE SPATIAL CONTEXT OF VULNERABILITY IN SOUTH INDIA. The present report describes the EMIS (www.demographie.net/emis) research project that brought together a team consisting of four geographers, an economist, a demographer and an anthropologist. The report is divided in four parts. 1. The first part sums up the geographical perspective to study social change and describes the spatialized census database (GIS) used for the project (South Indian villages from the 1991 census). 2. The second part describes the original spatial aggregation procedure used by the team to prepare a new database based on spatial clusters in four different formats. 3. The third part is a more systematic study of spatial patterning of social and economic characteristics of South Indian localities. The main tools used here are Moran's index of spatial autocorrelation and Anselin's local indicator of spatial association (LISA). 4. The fourth part of the report is an application of our database (complemented with rainfall information on South India) to device a local indicator ofvulnerability. This section starts with a brief presentation of the economic issues involved in poverty mapping, followed by a discussion of the spatial patteming of vulnerability's main dimensions in South India (with a special section devoted to agriculture and irrigation). This part concludes with the computation of a composite index of vulnerability and presents briefly the resulting map of rural vulnerability in South India. Appendices to this report present Moran's scatterplot as a tool for spatial analysis and the application ofthe cokriging technique to micro-Ievel estimation.


Abstract : In the wake of the Iranian revolution, a number of Middle Eastern countries are experiencing a populist Islam. Described as fundamentalist', these movements appear to be the most serious threat to the governments of these countries. In Tunisia, the government has virtually halted its promised democratic reforms claiming that the Islamists will use the political process to gain control of the government and that they are violent radicals attempting to overthrow the government. This thesis argues that the Islamic movement in Tunisia is neither revolutionary, radical, nor fundamentalist. Islam has played an important role historically in the creation of Tunisian nationalism and the current movement is a political movement attempting to reform a repressive, unresponsive regime.


AMONG THE MANY approaches to a study of allergy is a physiochemical view of the constantly changing activity of the tissues of patients so affected rather than the traditional antigen-antibody reactions. Any injury to tissue produces inflammation as a host response to localize and neutralize the effects of the damage. This response becomes allergy in a hereditarily select group. Although any sort of injury can produce inflammation or allergy, in the later instance the commonest cause is a product of the antigen-antibody reaction, hence its clinical importance. There are two main types of allergic responses. The first is an immediate reaction. When specific antigens are introduced into the skin of an allergic individual a wheal is promptly produced. This is not the only reaction, for the antigen causes the formation of antibodies which effect the stress organs; smooth muscle, small blood vessels, and mucus glands as well as skin, so


This article aims to describe the implementation of affective assessment on PAI subjects in schools, especially at the junior high school level, with qualitative methods on a case study approach, data collection methods using observation and interview methods, data sources taken from informants through interviews, consisting of (representatives) head of curriculum, PAI teachers, and students) who were selected using purposive sampling, a sampling approach in which the researcher is based on his own judgment when selecting contributors from the population to participate in his research. For the validity of the data by using source triangulation techniques. In strengthening the interview, the author made observations using direct mastery techniques in the classroom. All interview information and statements were then analyzed thematically using descriptive methods. Overall, the study found 4 implementations of affective assessment in PAI subjects. The four forms of affective assessment are: i) assessment through observation is done by seeing students in action at school, PAI teachers have difficulty in assessing observations because face-to-face learning is divided per shift, PAI teachers have not been able to monitor students 100%, ii ) self-assessment is carried out by the teacher when students ask questions during learning hours, iii) assessment between friends through positive assessments of one student with another student, iv) attitude assessment journal by the PAI teacher by looking at students in class then the results of the assessment are carried out on student reports.


The Oakhurst lithic assemblage of Rose Cottage Cave is dated between 9250 BP and 8160 BP and replaced a late expression of the Robberg Industry, dated to 9560 BP. The tardy arrival of the Oakhurst at Rose Cottage and at a few other sites in the eastern segment of southern Africa implies that the Robberg may have persistedfor longer here than it did elsewhere. The Oakhurst shows typological and morphological change through its short duration, which also sees environmental change from mesic, cooler conditions than present to warm, drier conditions analogous to those of today.


While the negative effects of conflict on health and education are wellestablished, studies identifying the effects of conflict on household agricultural investment are sparser. I combine a household panel dataset from Nigeria's Living Standards Measurement Survey Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) with detailed data on conflict events from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data (ACLED). Using an event studies framework, these data allow me to estimate the effects of conflict on a variety of household agricultural decisions. I find evidence that conflict involving Fulani pastoralists reduces a household's cattle holdings in the following season. Additionally, I find evidence that households shifted production to riskier crops in the years prior to experiencing conflict. Finally, I find little evidence that households change their use of inputs such as pesticide and equipment following a conflict.


One of the priority areas in the treatment of children with congenital cleft lip and palate (CLP), suffering a high frequency of repeated acute viral and bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and ENT organs is the task of increasing the effectiveness of stage rehabilitation while reducing postoperative complications and restoring the functional activity of impaired segments of immune system. In the study was developed program of immunomodulatory Likopid therapy in the pre- and postoperative period, which showed a positive effect on the state of all the immune system elements, as well as the clinical effects, which is expressed in decreasing the frequency of acute respiratory viral infection, reducing the number of exacerbations of chronic foci of bacterial infection of the oral cavity and nasopharynx, regression of the number of postoperative complications, reducing hospital stay, reducing not only the number of courses of antibiotic therapy, but also the duration of antibiotic usage. Inclusion in the program of stage-by-stage rehabilitation of children with congenital CLP immunomodulatory therapy allowed to significantly optimize therapeutic tactic, first of all to provide timely surgical care to children with this pathology and to avoid negative clinical consequences during the recovery phase after surgical treatment, and at the same time increase resistance to respiratory infections.


As part of the ROBOSENS project, the IITB developed and tested a new four-step concept for multiple sensor quality monitoring. The robot-based system uses an array of test-specific short-range and wide-range sensors which make the inspection process more flexible and problem-specific. To test this innovative inline quality monitoring concept and to adapt it to customized tasks, a development and demonstration platform (DDP) was created. It consists of an industrial robot with various sensor ports a so-called "sensor magazine" with various task-specific, interchangeable sensors and a flexible transport system.


Care seeking behavior in dizziness was analyzed with a questionnaire survey. A quar-ter of the respondents who experienced dizziness did not consult a medical institution be-cause of slight or transient symptom. Respondents who consulted a medical institution were divided into two groups, the group consulting their family doctor and the group consulting a specialized institution. Thirty-four-point-eight of them had a history of multiple visits. The most common dissatisfaction with medical care for dizziness was poor improve-ment in the condition. The most common reason for multiple visits was also poor improve-ment in the dizziness. The recognition rate of the dizziness specialist was the highest in the multiple visits group. Common recognition means were the media and the internet. The dizziness specialist was asked to perform appropriate care on the correct understand-ing of care-seeking behavior of patients with dizziness.


In the context of current interest in "low-carbon" interventions and "energy transitions", this paper provides a comparative perspective across three European cities (Barcelona, London and Paris) on the role of photovoltaics (PV) technology in wider transformative processes affecting crucial sites in which the "sustainability" of the built environment is being contested: the powering, planning and construction of cities. For conceptualizing far-reaching urban infrastructural change processes, the combined innovation frameworks of "strategic niche management" (SNM) and the "multi-level perspective" (MLP) on "systems in transition" offer valuable contributions. However, some implicit assumptions of these innovation frameworks make them not unproblematic when applied to the urban. This paper proposes a way of operationalizing the SNM/MLP for urban transition studies, by drawing on contributions from actor-network theory (ANT) and ANT-inspired scholarship. From this conceptual engagement, a refined understanding of the relationship between technological novelty and the existing obduracies, or "lock-in", is developed, which enables a fuller appreciation of the potential heterogeneity of "lock-in" and the cumulative impacts of different actors' strategic technological interventions in reconfiguring deeply engrained patterns of obduracies in their efforts to promote a specific technology; thus providing scope to link the analysis of local processes to insights into the more general processes of transforming unsustainabilities.


In the title molecule, C11H20N2S, the five-membered ring has an envelope conformation and the cyclohexane ring is in a chair conformation. The N—H group is not involved in any intra- or intermolecular interactions.


Objective: This study aims to identify metrics able to estimate the effort necessary for the development of a business intelligence system. Methodology: A secondary study was conducted in order to identify metrics existing in the context of BI, and metrics to measure the complexity of business processes. From this, a hypothesis that relates complexity of procedures was drawn up business with the effort required to implement it in a BI system. this hypothesis was explored in a case study. Results: It was shown that the hypothesis is true initially identified, although of the need for more studies to confirm this relationship. It has also been proposed a method that explores the relationship defined by the hypothesis. Thus, using this method, You can estimate the effort required to implement a BI system. conclusions: This work emphasizes the importance of measuring BI systems, and is a source information for both academics and developers of BI applications that are interested effort to increase the estimation accuracy for the development of BI systems. However, research by proving a hypothesis of a study case, which is not the best technical procedure for this purpose. Thus, it is necessary perform experiments that show better the relationship. In addition, method was not validated in real cases, which is therefore a further work related.


On March 16, 1935, the Chancellor of the German Reich promulgated a law for the introduction of a system of general compulsory military conscription with a view to increasing the strength of the German army to twelve corps consisting of thirty-six divisions, aggregating, it was estimated, a total of 600,000 men. On the same day he convened the diplomatic representatives of the European Powers at Berlin and delivered to them the text of the law.


In this paper, we mainly obtain a wuicity theorew of entire function that sharing two small functions with its derivative, which improved some results given by Rubel-Yang and Zheng Jiahua etc.