ABSnACT Since about 15 years triticale is introduced in practical farming in Belgium. Triticale is mainly grown on sandy soils as a substitute for rye and winter barley. Triticale yielded in comparison with the established cereals very well on the loamy sand soil at Merelbeke. 'Alamo' exhibited during severals years a high and regular yield. In general the level of disease resistance was satisfactory. Results of fungicide experiments showed that triticale had a low yield response to fungicide treatments. Most herbicides recommend for wheat can be used for triticale. However, varietal differences in reaction to methabenzthiazuron, isoproturon and mecoprop was found. Growth regulator sprays kept lodging and leaning to acceptable levels and affected the yield positively. On the loamy sand soil of Merelbeke the optimum nitrogen level was likely to be in the region of 130-160 kg/ha. INnODUCTION Since about 15 years triticale is introduced in practical farming in Belgium. The area sown rose from 20a ha in the early 1980's to 8853 ha in 1993. Triticale is mainly grown on sandy soils as a substitute for rye and winter barley. Much of the interest in triticale is due to its wide adaptation to contrasting enviromnents, its higher level of resistance to the majority of diseases that attacks wheat and barley and its in general simple crop management. In recent years there has also been considerable interest in triticale from the typical wheat farmers because it is seen as a low cost alternative to the established cereals. Due to the growing interest and the lack of comprenhensive information about the possibilities and the crop management practices of triticale, an extensive research project was started up in 1980 at the technical university, C.T.L. This article deals with the most recent results of this research


An oligonucleotide complementary to the splice donor sequence of the 1. 8-kb gene family produced from the BamHI-H region of Marek's disease virus (MDV) DNA inhibited the proliferation of the MDV-derived lymphoblastoid cell line, MDCC-MSBI (MSB-l)


Agriculture is the department which has shown a rapid growth. Due to this growth today we have a lot of variety of seeds which belongs to the same breed, which may be a result of breed crossover. Now, this has become a challenge to classify the seeds from each other. In another contrast, we have some healthy seeds and some of the seeds becomes defected. One way of separating them from the healthy seeds was, do manually by a team of experts and some manual systems, which is a time consuming and laborious task. So there was need to build a automatic / intelligent system which classify them on the basis of some fixed parameters like shape, length, height, perimeter etc. This paper shows various techniques available for doing the same.


There are many factors in determining economic growth as well as an explanation of the success of economic performance that not only includes political and social forces. In particular there has been attention to the role of religion in the economics, with a number of economists that explored the relationship between religion and economic performance. This paper aims to measure how Islamic countries, which declared their country as an Islamic State or Islamic majority adherents, or as a member of the Organization of Islamic Confederation (OIC) which is part of the ASEAN? Are these countries run on Islamic economic principles? To measure Economic IslamicityIndex ASEAN countries, we use 10 indicators Economic Islamicity Index represented by 10 representatives based on the Islamic principles in economic.


This paper presents a novel trajectory tracking control method for a manipulator of 6-DOF (6 Degrees of Freedom) based on robust nonlinear predictive control. The design of such control requires the establishment of dynamic nonlinear model of the manipulator and the application of improved robust predictive control law which gives different weights to tracking errors in different stages of dynamic prediction time. Stability of the system is analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory. Comparative 6-DOF simulation results show that proposed controller design can ensure higher tracking precision and faster convergence, as well as demonstrate the effectiveness of our improved method.


In this research, the biodegradation of 1-naphthol in industrial waste water was examined. We separated Aspergillus niger in the soil of industrial waste water and its biodegradation by the same fungi was further investigated by us. The effects of surfactant, different rates of shaker and initial concentrations of 1-naphthol have been also investigated. The maximum efficiency of 1-naphthol removal was 75% within 5 days and the optimal concentration was 75 mg L, which was further enhanced by nearly 5% after addition of Ttween 80. Biodegradation products were identified by gas chromatography (GC), Ultraviolet–Visible spectroscopy (UV) and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS).


A M/M/C/∞ queuing system model based on waiting is established and the random service system is introduced analyzing the character of the remote fault diagnosis system ,and then some function targets are got,such as queuing length and waiting time and so on.Then,for the balance between the timeliness of fault diagnosis and the cost of system,a method of choosing the optimal number of servers is proposed,considering the efficiency of servers and the connection,which is of the probability of queue up,length of queue up ,waiting time and quantity of server. Meanwhile,taking remote fault diagnosis system for frequency converter as an example,some optimal schemes of server are given according to user's requirement on the range of waiting time.


Based on the silty coast deposition characteristics and sediment suspension, sedimentation characteristics, the formula of silt-carrying capacity is improved and the deposition calculation method of silty coast promoting deposition project is put forward by using the submerged dike transmission coefficient. The method could be used to predict the influence of silty coast reclamation promoting deposition, accretion promotion and beach protection project.


The human genome comprises the most predominant long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) sequences, which are non-long-terminal repeat retrotransposons. The majority of LINE-1 repeats are inactivated through truncation, inversion and mutation.1 Importantly, DNA methylation attenuates the transcriptional activation, amplification and recombination of LINE-1 sequences, thereby maintaining genome stability.2 Indeed, global DNA hypomethylation has been associated with increased genomic instability and tumourigenesis, suggesting a more important role for hypomethylation in human cancers than the hypermethylation-induced downregulation of some tumour suppressor genes.3–5 LINE-1 hypomethylation has been shown to associate with the clinicogenetic features of multiple myeloma6 and chronic myeloid leukaemia,7 poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer,8 and with more aggressive progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).9

The full-length LINE-1 sequence (6 Kb) includes a sense promoter regulating transcription of two open reading frames and an antisense promoter (ASP) in the 5′-untranslated region, which contains a CpG island—usually hypermethylated in normal cells—regulating transcription of adjacent genes in the opposite direction.10–12 The ASP has been reported to function as an alternative transcription start site for several proto-oncogenes, …


While preparing a revision of Parasenecio W.W. Sm. & J. Small (Compositae) from China, we found that "Parasenecio morrisonensis Y.L. Chen" was not a validly published name because it was wrongly regarded as a replacement name (nomen novum), and thus no Latin diagnosis was given and no type was indicated, whereas it was actually the name of a new taxon that had been previously misidentified as Cacalia monantha auct. non (Diels) Hayata (cf Art. 33 Note 2 of the ICBN). Parasenecio morrisonensis is validly published here by giving a Latin diagnosis and designating a holotype.


One of the problems encountered when tunnelling in rock is that the ground water table is disturbed. Attempts to restore the natural ground water level have been made by infiltrating water through the top soil but this method does not always give the desired results due to silting up. Another method developed by Bergkonsult - sven tyren ab is based on the idea of infiltrating water through boreholes from the tunnel to the cracked top zones of the rock. Two infiltration projects are described. The one in Stockholm has been completely successful as already after two months' infiltration the previous ground water pressure was re-established. This infiltration has now been maintained for more than two years and no problems have arisen. A similar project has been carried out in Gothenburg where improvements in the ground water table are noticeable although recovery is still incomplete. In both cases the water leaking into the tunnel is used for reinfiltration. /TRRL/


Abstract This article by Paul Magrath considers the role of law reporting not only as a service in support of the administration of justice and legal education, but also in the wider context of open justice, transparency and public legal information. It traces the history of law reporting and considers the pros and cons of the more comprehensive publication of judgments of the senior courts made possible by digitisation and the internet, in comparison with the more selective approach adopted in the past. The article is loosely based on a presentation given at the annual conference of the British and Irish Association of Law Librarians held in Bournemouth in June 2019.


According to anisotropic mechanical properties of Baihetan columnar jointed rock masses,triangular and quadrangular prism generalized models were introduced. Based on microscopic media of a group of jointed rock masses,Cosserat extended constitutive equation was obtained by using Cosserat theory and Goodman equivalent superposition principle. Triangular and quadrangular prism columnar jointed constitutive models were established. At last,by using FLAC3D,Cosserat anisotropic constitutive model was applied to tunnel excavation numerical simulation of Baihetan columnar jointed rock masses. Variations in stresses and strains at different excavation stages and influences on engineering were comparative analyzed under isotropic and anisotropic conditions. Comparing with isotropic constitutive model,stresses in three directions of Cosserat anisotropic constitutive model have larger differences;it can reflect engineering reality better;and it is more important for design optimization of engineering.


The study uses a threshold regression model to provide new evidence that the deleterious effects of inflation on growth only "kick in" once inflation hits a certain level. Until then, inflation is beneficial to growth.


Aim To study the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of SBM isolated from Scutellariae radix by high hydrostatic pressure.Methods The effect of SBM on ConA-induced splenocyte proliferation,LPS-induced PGE2 production and protein expression of COX-2 were studied in vitro,and the therapeutic effects of SBM on carragineen-induced paw oedema and acetic acid-induced twisting reaction were also investigated.Results SBM(15.63~250) mg·L-1 significantly inhibited LPS-induced PGE2 production and COX-2 enzyme activity in peritoneal macrophages in mice.SBM(125 mg·L-1)also inhibited ConA-induced protein phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase and LPS-induced COX-2 protein expression.SBM(10,20 mg·kg-1)inhibited carragineen-induced paw oedema and acetic acid-induced twisting reaction.Conclusion SBM can inhibit inflammatory reaction.Its mechanisms may be related to the suppression of inflammatory medium production.


Human life is founded on virtue and common good of the society. Life is not commendable when one chooses to live recklessly just as he/she wants. One of the primary facets of Literatures of Ethics in Tamil is to foster meaningful values and adhere to them in life. Food customs indicate certain cultural formalities to be maintained as practice. This paper/thesis deals with a system of food customs that energize, develop cell-systems and cause good functioning of bodily organs as oriented by "Aasarakovai".


The cavity plays an important role in the fuel-air mixing and combustion stability inside the hypersonic scramjet. However, the high levels of time-dependent loading resulting from the supersonic cavity flow can cause intense structural vibration even damage. Experiments and numerical simulations were performed to understand the complex fluid-structure interaction in this paper. A cantilever plate with a cavity was installed as a splitter plate in the supersonic mixing layer wind tunnel. The response displacements of this cantilever plate were measured by a non-intrusive laser vibrometer. Large eddy simulation (LES) was applied to calculate the aerodynamic loading. Results show that the St number of time-dependent surface-averaged pressure difference agrees well with semi-empirical relation of Heller used to predict the resonance mode. The cantilever plate exhibits a directly dependent response to self-oscillation of supersonic cavity flow. Measurement results of displacement indicate that the vibration shape of this plate is dominantly two-dimensional.


score = 4). Thus, amisulpride, a benzamide antipsychotic with a low risk of neurological symptoms, was chosen (dose up to 600 mg/d). A substantial recovery of RLS was observed after 2 weeks (IRLS score = 16), along with improvement of psychotic symptoms (PANSS total score = 40: positive score = 7, negative score = 14, general psychopathology score = 19). Interestingly, the patient stopped amisulpride for 3 days (because of bacterial conjunctivitis that she attributed to her treatment), leading to a worsening of RLS (IRLS score = 31). Restless legs syndrome improved after the reintroduction of amisulpride (400 mg/d) and recovered completely after one more week of treatment (IRLS score = 1). Of note, the anticholinergic drug tropatepine (20 mg/d) was prescribed during 4 days to treat acute dystonia related to risperidone treatment. No effect on RLS was observed. Benzodiazepine treatments were also used during hospitalization to treat acute anxiety symptoms. No change in RLS symptoms intensity was observed during introduction, dosage decrease, or benzodiazepine withdrawal. The positive effect of amisulpride on RLS was unexpected; however, its specific pharmacodynamic profile could explain this effect. First, the amisulpride effect on D2 receptors depends on its dose and concentration; it is a D2 receptor antagonist at high concentrations and a dopaminergic D2 agonist in low concentrations (explained by presynaptic action on D2/D3 autoreceptors). Second, amisulpride has antidopaminergic effects selectively in the mesolimbic area (leading to antipsychotic effects), whereas it could have dopaminergic agonist effects in the other areas including spinal area. Third, spinal prodopaminergic effects induce antinociceptive effects in RLS. So it could make sense that amisulpride, via dopaminergic agonist effects in the spinal area, could improve RLS. Because the improvement of RLS with amisulpride was unexpected, we did not systematically conduct polysomnography or suggested immobilization test before and after treatment. These tests could be useful to assess periodic limb movements during sleep and wake (frequently associated with RLS) and to add more precision in the assessment of RLS severity and outcome after treatment. So we recommend to perform these tests for future patients with RLS before and after initiation of amisulpride treatment. This case report is relevant because the RLS prevalence in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics is doubled, as compared with healthy controls. It suggests that amisulpride could be a useful antipsychotic medication for patients with schizophrenia and RLS.


Based on the new high-modulus carbon fiber CCM40J-6k, which is the critical raw material of a solar panel, the molding process of a mesh face sheet combined with epoxy resin, the overall mechanical performance of a mesh face sheet combined with aluminum honeycomb, the compatibility with polyimide insulation film + solar cell circuit, and the space environment adaptability must pass a test verification and assessment as the premise for large-scale orbit applications. Therefore, based on the traditional carbon fiber M40JB-6k as a reference, a systematic verification project was conducted to apply the CCM40J-6k carbon fiber composite at the process, component, and assembly levels. Six aspects of testing and verifying items were conducted, including mechanical properties under room temperature and thermal shock conditions, bonding force of mesh nodes, comparison of the adaptability of domestic and imported carbon fiber substrates to high–low temperature alternation, the ability of domestic carbon fiber substrates to adapt to the thermal environment after laying solar cell circuits, and in-orbit lifespan of solar panels. Based on the verification results, the mechanical properties of the substrate are the same as those of the imported M40JB-6k, and the actual molding process for M40JB-6k can be utilized. Sample pieces of the substrates can withstand the thermal shock and thermal cycling tests. The bending stiffness of the sample pieces before and after the tests is 3.5%~9.6% higher, and the bending strength is 4.2%~7.2% lower. The tensile strength of mesh nodes made of domestic carbon fiber is 18.9% higher than that of mesh nodes made of imported carbon fiber. The CCM40J-6k substrate is similar to triple-junction GaAs solar cells. The change rates of the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of solar panels based on domestic carbon fiber after fatigue thermal cycling with 2070 cycles are 0.55% and 0.24%, respectively. The above results indicate that the comprehensive performance of the domestic carbon fiber CCM40J-6k meets the requirements and can be applied to solar panels for solar arrays.


Abstract This paper discusses a benchmark problem to understand the response surface based multi-fidelity model and uncertainty quantification in the context of beam vibrations. A multi-fidelity model for the beam is constructed by blending a low-fidelity finite element model (coarse discretization) and a high-fidelity finite element model (fine discretization). The natural frequencies of the beam are the desired responses. A second-order correction response surface constructed based on high and low-fidelity simulations, is used to correct the low-fidelity response surface model. It is shown that the multi-fidelity model is accurate and ranks much better than the high-fidelity model in terms of computational effort.


Tobii Technology AB is a global leading company in eye tracking. The technology is a part of acomputer screen called an eye tracker. It enables computers to follow eye movement whichfurther make it ...


There has recently been reported evidence for a possible time variation of the fine structure constant on cosmological time scales . Such variations are not surprising in any theoretical framework for the unification of basic forces involving extra dimensions or in which dimensionless couplings are related to the expectation values of scalar fields. However, the variation of α is likely to be correlated with the variations in other fundamental quantities, such as other gauge and Yukawa couplings, and the ratios of such dimensionful scales as the unification and electroweak or supersymmetrybreaking scales, or the unification and gravity scales. Thus, the observation of such variations is a powerful probe of the underlying physics. I briefly summarize relevant issues and describe an analysis and parametrization of these effects done in collaboration with Matt Strassler and Gino Segrè .


What is the relationship between sexuality and sovereignty in the current debate on anti-homosexuality campaigns in Uganda? Why is it important to study? How might it help to engender healthier state-society relations and help to normalize vernacular cultural and historical understandings of alternative sexualities in Uganda? Melding recent scholarship from historical, anthropological and political studies on sovereignty with activist interviews and newspaper media, this paper explores the many ways in which nation-state sovereignty was mobilized in the debate on anti-homosexuality in Uganda in the global public sphere and by the national media in 2013-2014. The paper argues that linking discussions of sovereignty, statehood, and sexuality provide a framework for critiquing the West/Non-West, modern/traditional, and liberal/illiberal binaries that tend to characterize the debate on anti-homosexuality in both national and transnational contexts. In doing so, the paper examines the possibilitities of Ugandan self-determination in national and transnational debates on homosexuality. Methodologically and epistemologically, the paper reveals the ways in which the study of connections between sovereignty and sexuality are part of the transnational feminist studies framework. The paper argues for the relevance of the transnational feminist studies framework in African gender studies and the connections among theoretical innovation, public scholarship, and activism — particularly as the women's movement and sexual minorities movement become disconnected from each other in Uganda.


Advanced mathematical models of surface irrigation use the equations of motion applied to a series of cells comprising the surface stream and an infiltration profile. In the simulation, a mass balance must be preserved among the inflow, surface stream, infiltrated profile, and runoff volumes. The shapes of the profiles are not known a priori, yet the curvature of the element boundaries influences the calculation of the volume contained therein, especially near the front of the irrigation stream. This paper presents a focus on the shape of the subsurface volume elements comprising the infiltration profile. Previous calculations of shape factors documenting departures from assumed first-order approx- imations (trapezoidal shapes) have been on the basis of empirical equations selected to describe infiltration as a function of wetting time. Modern simulations are not always on the basis of empirical formulas but increasingly rely on solutions of physically based approaches, such as the Green-Ampt or Richard's equation. These solutions provide only tabulated values of infiltration and infiltration rates along the profile. The proposed generic approach calculates shape factors for each cell of the profile on the basis of the calculated change in infiltration rates on the two sides of the cell. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000413. © 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.


A servo piston has an elongated member with a first end and a second end. The second end has a servo piston head disposed within a servo piston bore. The servo piston head has at least two grooves disposed about an outer edge of the servo piston head. At last one sealing ring is received within each groove. The use of rings in at least two grooves reduces side/transversal vibration and the servo bore load. At the same time, the space between the two grooves creates a pressurized oil squeeze film between the servo piston head and servo piston bore, sealed by the rings, which provides both a sealing and damping function at the same time.


This article discusses the model of organization and implementation of a research project for a team of schoolchildren in the senior grade of a secondary school with intensive use of distance communications. The paper offers the research project model for the schoolchildren team within the extracurricular activities for the high level of the secondary school. The models of educational projects are analyzed in short. The technology chosen for the educational research project is the one most often used in the professional activity of scientific and technological companies. The distance educational technologies used in project teams are analyzed. The offered model is tested in a pedagogical experiment "DIY Data science". The experiment performance is discussed. Universal educational skills were developed among schoolchildren (mathematics, informatics, chemistry) which can be used in further professional activity. The article offers the model of distance communications for the work of the project team. In this model, it is assumed that all types of remote interaction, including the reflection stage, are used.


Although the cultural backgrounds of its population largely determined food choice in colonial Louisiana (the French generally preferred European foods and resisted indigenous foods), economic resources were equally, if not more important in determining taste. Applying the ideas of Claude Fischler and Pierre Bourdieu, this thesis examines the historical development of a distinct cuisine against both developmental and socioeconomic processes, as the overall development of the colonial economy made bare survival more remote and resource distribution became increasingly hierarchical. This meant, on the one hand, that once merchants firmly established shipping routes, colonial elites could import Roquefort cheese or host lavish parties as a kind of conspicuous consumption. On the other hand, much of the population remained in a precarious state, and could face starvation with a bad turn in the weather. The division between necessity and luxury in food choice reflected class divisions in colonial society. These divisions grew in proportion with the economic development of the colony; this grew from relatively egalitarian conditions when subsistence and necessity were the norm to increasing conspicuous consumption and discursive strategies for marking good and bad taste.


Introduction In hip prosthetic surgery, almost every year we receive different proposals for new stems, with different profiles, alloys, coats, offsets (modular or not), to cement or not. We decided to bring into this discussion a proposal for an experimental protocol to research a new conception stem, satisfying the surgeon's exigences, especially in those cases of patients with good bone stock. We started from the experience that some orthopedic surgeons had with other stems, and by an accurate retrospective evaluation we tried to identify which points were the weak points of the stems examined, in order to project and try corrections or innovative ideas. The study had the realization of more proximally elastic stems as a main target.


Abstract Is it possible that attempts to reform state legislation on local planning will be more continuous in the beginning of the new millennium? Historically, these efforts have been erratic. After a flurry of reform of state planning legislation ending in the mid-1970s (most notably in Oregon and Vermont), reform efforts took a hiatus until the mid-1980s, with successes in Florida, Rhode Island, and again in Vermont. New successes continued into the early 1990s in Georgia, Washington, and Maryland. Although planners and land-use attorneys in other states watched these events with interest, there seemed be no national passion for legislative reform of planning laws.


1 Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. Corresponding author's Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. Email: email@example.com 3 Department of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Education, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


Copyright: © 2013 Radek KS. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Poor sleep quality has been identified with societal impact [1,2]. The stress experienced by individuals with poor sleep results in decreased performance and productivity. Everyday behaviors academics, work, driving and quality of relationships have been impaired by sleep compromised individuals [3-5]. The literature has identified factors such as public safety including driving vehicles as impaired by poor sleep [3,4]. Additionally, increased sleep problems have, in turn, increased the stress and compromised functioning in individuals due to job demands, twenty-four hour scheduling of shifts and burn out from enduring stress laden conditions [6]. Thus, poor sleep has been both a precipitant and outcome of stress related factors with profound outcomes in performance and productivity. The key factors in this regard, are poor grades/grade point average, absenteeism, work-related injuries, and increased frequency of short term disability claims and self-report delineates [7].


Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging infectious pathogen that causes severe disease in humans and livestock and has the potential for global spread. Currently, there is no proven effective treatment for RVFV infection, and there is no licensed vaccine. Inhibition of RNA binding to the essential viral nucleocapsid (N) protein represents a potential antiviral therapeutic strategy because all of the functions performed by N during infection involve RNA binding. To target this interaction, we developed a fluorescence polarization–based high-throughput drug-screening assay and tested 26 424 chemical compounds for their ability to disrupt an N-RNA complex. From libraries of Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs, druglike molecules, and natural product extracts, we identified several lead compounds that are promising candidates for medicinal chemistry.


To estimate harmonics observed in random multiplicative and additive noise, algorithms relying upon second- or higher-order statistics have been derived after stationarizing the available cyclostationary and nonGaussian time series. Recently developed cyclic approaches exploit cyclostationarity and rely upon the cyclic mean, cyclic covariance, or, higher-order cyclic cumulants in order to: (i) detect and estimate frequencies of mono- and multicomponent random amplitude modulated harmonics, and (ii) characterize the multiplicative processes. Comparison based on estimator variances and simulations illustrate that cyclic approaches surmount existing methods in SNR gains and resolution and obviate restrictions on the bandwidth and distributions of the additive and multiplicative noise.<<ETX>>


Construction of a pavement working platform often is needed on soft, unstable soils to provide sufficient stability and adequate, immediate support for equipment mobility and paving operations without excessive rutting. Standard specifications may allow the use of a wide range of aggregate materials for subgrade applications regardless of aggregate properties. The aggregate type and quality are important factors in determining the required treatment and replacement thicknesses. This paper describes laboratory findings from an ongoing research study at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign to evaluate aggregate cover thickness requirements on soft subgrade. Evaluation was accomplished by characterizing strength and deformation behavior of crushed limestone and dolomite and uncrushed gravel, commonly used in Illinois for subgrade replacement and subbase. The initial laboratory phase consisted of moisture–density, unsoaked California bearing ratio, imaging-based aggregate shape characterization, and shear strength tests. These were based on a comprehensive experimental test matrix, which considered both plastic and nonplastic fines (passing No. 200 sieve or 0.075 mm) blended in the engineered gradations at 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16% target fines contents. From the test results, the most important property at low fines contents (less than 8%) was the aggregate type governed by the angularity (i.e., crushed or uncrushed) and the amount of voids in the aggregate matrix. The uncrushed gravel more quickly filled the voids at lower fines percentages, thus making gravel less tolerable to negative effects of increasing fines. When plastic fines (with a plasticity index of 10 or higher) were included, the amount of fines had a drastic effect on aggregate performance.


This paper expounds the concepts,features and relevant technologies of data warehouse,and probes into the system structure of library data warehouse and its application in modern library.


Sustainable living, ie, living within the bounds of the available environmental, social, and economic resources, is the focus of many present‐day social and scientific discussions. But what does sustainability mean within the context of software engineering? In this paper, we undertake a comprehensive analysis of 8 case studies to address this question within the context of a specific software engineering approach, software product line engineering (SPLE). We identify the sustainability‐related characteristics that arise in present‐day studies that apply SPLE. We conclude that technical and economic sustainability are in prime focus on the present SPLE practice, with social sustainability issues, where they relate to organisations, also addressed to a good degree. On the other hand, the issues related to the personal sustainability are less prominent, and environmental considerations are nearly completely amiss. We present feature models and cross‐relations that result from our analysis as a starting point for sustainability engineering through SPLE, suggesting that any new development should consider how these models would be instantiated and expanded for the intended sociotechnical system. The good representation of sustainability features in these models is also validated with 2 additional case studies.


When collating soil data from different sources, the data should be congruent. Ordinary linear regression (OLR) has often been used to harmonise incongruent data. To do so, one of the sources is nominated as the reference and so is assumed to provide data that are determined without error despite evidence to the contrary. Alternative approaches that can handle errors in both variables, such as constructing a maximum likelihood functional relationship (MLFR), are seldom used. Two scenarios compared these two approaches using soil organic carbon data determined by the Walkley and Black method or the Dumas method. An inter-laboratory proficiency program provided data to represent an ideal scenario of complete information on precision, i.e. a mean and standard error of multiple determinations for each method as applied to each soil sample. In this scenario, it was found that the recovery of carbon was not consistent between laboratories or methods, nor was the precision of determinations consistent. Importantly, the precision data showed how neither method had an advantage and so could serve as a reference. Unfortunately, soil researchers are more likely to be trying to harmonise data from single determinations and have no data on the precision of either method. This second scenario was explored using legacy data and new data from re-analysis of 116 archived soil samples, with precision data from different external sources. Here the OLR regression coefficients were found to be much less accurate than those from using the MLFR harmonisation model. We concluded from these scenarios, that MLFR should be used to harmonise incongruent data when data on measurement errors are available. MLFR gave different predicted values to OLR while accounting for measurement errors in both variables. Where sufficient information on precision is lacking, OLR yields similar results and so may be an easier but less rigorous option. However, more research is needed to establish when OLR can be used versus when MLFR should be used.


Invertebrate animals with small nervous systems have been studied to investigate the cellular basis of learning and memory. Through behavioral, physiological, and genetic studies many of the mechanisms of habituation, sensitization, and classical conditioning have been discovered.

Keywords:

classical conditioning;
habituation;
sensitization;
long-term memory;
neural circuit


The aim of this book is to explain how web data and digital traces are revolutionising social sciences and providing new research questions, new methods and new insights. The digital revolution has not only changed the way individuals search for information, work, interact with friends or other people, and consume goods and services, but also generated new sources of data that allow social scientists to revisit traditional questions such as social influence, collective action and political engagement, as well as to address new research questions. Through the Internet, researchers potentially have access to massive amounts of data and can conduct online surveys or experiments to study organisations and individual behaviour.


The levels of commercial and recreational exploitation of the fish stocks of certain species in the ecologically very important environment of Shark Bay, Western Australia, are high and continuing to increase. However, the amount of biological data that can be used for management purposes for most of those species is minimal. The ability to sustain stocks of such species, in the face of increasing fishing pressure, by setting in place appropriate management plans is dependent on acquiring strategic information on the biology of those species.


Approximately 524 million people are over the age of 65, and by the year 2050, this figure will rise to 1.5 billion (National Institute on Aging [NIA], 2011; World Health Organization [WHO], 2012). Furthermore, about 80% of people within this age group report having at least one chronic health condition (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2011). Because of these trends, the aging of the population has introduced new challenges for couples and families regarding the care of ailing older adults. No longer is aged care the primary responsibility of the state or government. Instead, family members (whether these are aging adults' spouses/partners, or grown children and their partners) are increasingly becoming the primary carers of aging adults, as federal and state governments in most parts of the globe struggle to meet the health care demands of their aging societies (Karantzas, Evans, & Foddy, 2010; NIA, 2011; WHO, 2012). In the coming decades, caring for an older adult is likely to become a normal life task for many—and perhaps most—adult children and their spouses. Caring for an older person, however, is a highly stressful and challenging responsibility, even for family members; it involves coming to terms with the eventual decline and ultimate loss of someone who often has been a primary source of love, comfort, and support across a carer's entire life. From this perspective, attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969/1982) provides a particularly useful and powerful framework for understanding the processes of caregiving and care receiving, as well as the mental health outcomes experienced by both carers and care recipients. Because it is a lifespan theory of development,


Abstract Traditionally the British legal system has taken a sceptical attitude toward the testimony of children, reflected in the competency requirement, the corroboration rule and the judicial caution. However, recent psychological research has suggested that children, properly interviewed, can provide invaluable testimony in securing convictions in cases of sexual or physical abuse. Research suggests that children's spontaneous accounts of events are generally accurate, and that suggestibility can be greatly reduced by appropriate questioning techniques. Partly as a result of such research, the legal hurdles surrounding children's evidence have been dismantled and procedural innovations, such as the use of the Videolink and videotaped interviews introduced. Empirical research demonstrates the success of the Videolink and a similar evaluation is planned for videotaped interviews. The latter has highlighted the need for a new research agenda which would include the impact of biased or repeated questioning...


There are many methods that can be implemented to continue learning even in the state of the Covid-19 pandemic, one of which is learning with an online system, the role of parents is very important so that it can be said to be a benchmark in the success of learning in this pandemic. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. This study uses data analysis techniques with reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that (1) During the Covid-19 pandemic, learning at RA Muslimat NU 072 Lembah continued using an online system, (2) In this learning system the role of parents was needed by children, (3) There are various obstacles that parents feel when assisting their children in the learning process with an online system.


Loading experiments have been carried out on a flat panel and C-channels fabricated by the Continuous Resin Transfer Molding (CRTMTM) process. Arrays of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors written during fiber draw were embedded in the structures, and the strains measured by these distributed sensors are compared with the results of surface-mounted resistance strain gages (RSG's) and FBG arrays. Reproducibility of the strains measured by an embedded FBG array was demonstrated during cyclical loading of a C-channel, and survivability and reliability of the array was established when the structure was loaded to failure. Discrepancies between the results reported by the embedded FBG's and surface- mounted RSG's and FBG's are attributed to deflections and/or distortions of the embedded FBG by the structural fibers during CRTMTM processing.


Background: We describe our experience with two techniques of bile duct division in donors of right lobe living donor liver transplantation (RL-LDLT). Methods: 49 RL-LDLT done in Al-Rajhi Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt were divided into 2 eras; from November 2014 till September 2018, the site of biliary division in 29 donors was marked by metal clips (Clips group) and from October 2018 till September 2019, 20 donors were marked by radio-opaque filaments (ROF group). Results: There were no differences between groups in donors' and recipients' baseline characteristics. In ROF group there were less number of bile ducts stumps (2, range 1-3 versus 2 range 1-4 in Clips group, p=0.044), less number of "imprecise-transection" (1 (5%) versus 11 (37.9%) in Clips group, p=0.009) and fewer number intraoperative cholangiographies performed (1, range 1-2 versus 2 range 1-3 in Clips group, p=0.001). There were no differences between groups in the number of biliary anastomoses or incidence of biliary complications in donors or recipients. Median follow up is 33 months (range 8-66). Conclusions: Marking biliary division by ROF is a simple and minor modification but can decrease the difficulty of surgery and reduce exposure of donor and operating team to


This article presents a study that attempts to inquire into the indicators related with inclusive education by taking into account teachers' responses in the ordinary and specific teaching contexts (experts in special education needs, specialists in therapeutic pedagogy and compensatory education or specific programmes organised to accommodate diversity). We used a Spanish translation of the Index for Inclusion, which has been adapted and divided into three Likert‐type scales about inclusive cultures, organisation in the teaching–learning context and inclusive practices. We did a t‐test to detect any significant differences in teachers' responses in terms of the ordinary or specific teaching contexts in which they work. No significant differences were seen in the items related to cultures and organisation, but we found significant differences in 12 of the 36 items of the inclusive practices scale. Finally, we discuss the role of the processes for innovation and transformation in secondary schools and provide key factors to build an intercultural inclusive school.


The present invention overcomes the limitations of the prior art, the logic circuit can be formed smaller components used. The present invention provides a method of producing a material layer using shadow mandrel called shading layer, and a new method for defining structures formed on a semiconductor substrate. Etching trenches in the shadow of the mandrel layer. At least one side of the trench at the bottom of the trench for casting shadows mandrel layer. The photoresist image for capturing the shadow of conformal deposition. And defining shadow image for forming the structure. This image can be formed on the surface of the wafer, no diffraction effects encountered in conventional photolithography. This makes it possible to downsize the device and to increase the operating speed of the chip.


In the arc welding process, the weld bead results from the formation of an electric arc between the filler wire and the specimen. A non-intrusive sensor aiming to monitor the process has been developed. It consists in four electro-optic modules capable of detecting infrared, visible, and ultraviolet radiation coming from the interaction zone. During the welding process five different signals (IR, UV, two visible regions and plasma electronic temperature) are simultaneously stored. The system is split into two modules, and the optical components for the collection of the radiation coming from the working zone are assembled in a telescope and integrated on the torch used by the operator for manual arc welding processes, in order to allow the sensor to be applied to a wide range of industries. Process data stored by the system are filtered by applying a continuous Kalman filter to reduce the SIN ratio. Numerical values are then analyzed considering blocks of 500 values. For each set of data information dealing with intensity, signal noise and behavior are evaluated. Based on this first analysis, monitoring rules have been pointed out for each signal. These rules are then implemented by a fuzzy supervisor, capable of supplying information regarding the quality of the weld bead.


In the present study, in vitro antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from leaves of Cymbopogon flexuous (Poaceae), Ocimum sanctum (Lamiaceae), Eucalyptus melliodora (Myrtaceae), Mentha arvensis (Labiatae) and from fruit peels Citrus limetta were evaluated on three fungal species viz. Aspergillus flavus (MTCC- 2798), Aspergillus niger (MTCC-1344) and Penicillium griseofulvum (MTCC-1898) using disc diffusion method. Their activities were compared with the standard antibiotic tetracycline. Essential oils of C. flexuosus, O. sanctum, E. melliodora and M. arvensis exhibited better activity than the standard whereas antifungal activity of C. limetta oil was lesser than the standard. Oil of C. limetta showed no activity against A. flavus and A. niger but exhibited some activity against P. griseofulvum. Among the test fungi, P. griseofulvum was found to be more sensitive against these oils. The Present study infer that essential oils of C. flexuosus, O. sanctum, E. melliodora and M. arvensis can be used as a natural toxicant against the fungal attack on stored food commodities such as food grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits to enhance their shelf life.


This paper examines how middle-class earnings in Canada have changed between 1970 and 2005 using Census microdata. Middle-class earnings are defined as workers' earnings between 50 and 150 percent of the median or as earnings between the 20th and 80th percentile earnings. The analysis looks at the proportion of workers ("workers' share†) with middle-class earnings and the proportion of earnings ("earnings share†) received by middle-class workers. The study finds: (i) there has been a marked decline of full-time full-year middle-class workers and corresponding marked increases of higher- and lower-earning workers in the Canadian workplace; (ii) there has been an even larger shift in earnings with middle-class workers losing out to strong earnings gains of higher-earning workers; and (iii) the majority of the decline of the middle-class earnings share was due to the fall in their workers' share for male and for full-time full-year female workers.


1. The strain HFEM of herpes simplex virus is highly virulent for the 5-week-old mouse when inoculated intracerebrally; the LD50 and the ID50 both being close to the egg infectious unit. It is also virulent when given intraspinally. 2. When inoculated peripherally it seldom causes nervous symptoms in the normal mouse but regularly does so if inoculated into skin which has previously been given a subcutaneous injection of 10% sodium chloride. 3. After intradermal inoculation of pretreated mice with strain HFEM, the paralysis is preceded by the appearance of infective virus in the blood, the sciatic nerve and the central nervous system. Invasion of the central nervous system is prevented by interruption of the local peripheral nerve. 4. There is no evidence that virus enters the central nervous system by way of the lymphatics or by direct extension through the tissues. 5. After intravenous inoculation virus does not invade the central nervous system unless (a) massive inocula are used or (b) the brain is traumatized by injecting sterile saline. After peripheral inoculation insufficient virus to infect even traumatized brain seems to circulate in the cerebral vessels. Paralysis and invasion of the central nervous system are not prevented by circulating neutralizing antibody given 18 hours after inoculation. It therefore appears that invasion of the central nervous system takes place only by way of the peripheral nerve.


The discussion of the ideal conversion of enclosed thermal radiation revolves round three different theories. Each of these theories has been accused to be incorrect. The objective of this paper is to provide a bird's-eye-view of the relationship between these three theories. It is shown that the theories are individually correct, and that they complement (rather than contradict) one another. The present ''unification'' consists of answering two important questions: What is the origin of the assumed blackbody radiation system. What is the ultimate fate of the blackbody radiation system. It is shown that the supply of high-temperature isotropic radiation postulated by all three theories is the result of a heat input from a high-temperature heat reservoir.


It is disclosed a method for maintaining a plasma, comprising providing a volume of gas. There is produced a first selected wavelength. Thereafter forming a first plasma in a first region of the gas and a second plasma species in at least a second region of the gas is carried out by focusing the illumination of the first selected wavelength occurs in the volume of gas, wherein the first region has a first average temperature and a has first size, which has at least a second region at least a second average temperature and at least a second size, the illumination of the first selected wavelength substantially by a second plasma species is transferred at least substantially absorbs the light of the first wavelength selected by the first plasma species is, by the first selected wavelength of the illumination is adjusted to an absorption line of the first plasma and the absorption line is connected to at least one ionic absorption transition or a neutral absorption transition of the first plasma.


A caring system for a customer and a manager of an amusement park using RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) and ZigBee, and an operation method using a management server, a caring bracelet, and a sensor network are provided to enable the customer to forget a riding time and enable the amusement part to reduce a frequency use charge by enabling a manager server to inform the customer of the riding time to the caring bracelet of the customer. A caring bracelet(10) includes a passive RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) tag storing a customer number, an electronic ticket, and mileage point, a memory, a controller, an active ZigBee communicator, an alarm unit, a screen display unit, a function button, a band worn to a wrist of the customer, a sensor detecting whether or not the customer wears the caring bracelet, an antenna and a battery. An intelligent approach sensor(21) is installed to gates and ticket booths, and transceives data with the passive RFID tag. A remote wireless communication sensor(22) is installed to important positions, and relays data between the active ZigBee communicator and a management server(1) through a sensor network(20).


At present, referees award marks manually for candidates in Sanda enrollment competetion in china, which has many disadvantages. The Sanda scoring system introduced here uses computer communication technology to connect multiple devices into a wireless network, and proceeds data management and output on PC. Adopting of this system will improve greatly the accuracy and efficiency of enrollment competions, prevent cheating and reduce human error probability. Furthermore, it can be extended to other sports games after some modifications. This article introduces the hardware connection of ARM9 processor S3C2416, AT043TN24 LCD and Zigbee wireless transport, presents the software implementation of intelligent marking devices, then elaborates the achievement process of the upper computer function in the system.


Objective To introduce the function of the contour-enhanced funnel plot and how to implement it using metafor package in R. Methods We introduced the implementation method based on the "funnel()" function using a example. Then we compared the results of contour-enhanced funnel plot and traditional funnel plot. ResultsThe metafor package can finish the common contour-enhanced funnel plot and combine with trim and fill method. Relative to traditional funnel plot, the contour-enhanced funnel plot is more sensitivity and it can also distinguish the statistic distributions of included studies. Conclusions The contour-enhanced funnel plot can further to detect the symmetry or asymmetry is true and help to investigate whether the asymmetry is caused by publication bias.


The invention discloses a shallow trench isolation structure and a forming method of the shallow trench isolation structure, a semiconductor device structure and a forming method of the semiconductor device structure. The shallow trench isolation structure comprises a semiconductor basement, a first epitaxial layer arranged on the semiconductor basement, a second epitaxial layer arranged on the first epitaxial layer, a shallow trench main body area arranged inside the second epitaxial layer, the first epitaxial layer and the semiconductor basement and a shallow trench extending area arranged inside the first epitaxial layer. The shallow trench isolation structure has high isolation performance, reduces the generating of leakage current in a semiconductor device, and improves the performance and the reliability of the semiconductor device.


The thought of teaching music to 30 six-year-olds can be somewhat daunting. The subject seems so vast that it is difficult to know where to start, and the whole subject would sometimes rather be avoided. However, if we approach the subject in the right way, it can be most rewarding and a self-satisfying experience.


Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated from satellite stereo image data has been widely used in change detection of elevation, such as tracking the glacier movement, estimating the landslide volume, and mapping the surface topography. As the spatial resolution of satellite stereo image data is increasing, the generated DEM is expected to reveal more and more details of the topography. In addition, since the applications of rapid response are increasing, the time required to collect the satellite stereo image data is expected to get shortened as well. The successful operation of Formosat-2, launched on 21 May 2004, has enabled the collection of both high-spatial(2 m) and high-temporal-resolution (daily) images. Together with its capability of pointing ±45 degrees to both along and across track directions, Formosat-2 is able to take stereo images for any scene in its coverage area. This provides an ideal source of stereo image data for rapidly generating a regional DEM to respond to the urgent needs in a timely manner.


The inclusion of a specific forage source in dairy cow TMR, depends upon its ability to stimulate chewing activity and to reduce feeding selectivity. The study compared 2 TMR differing only for sources of roughage: grass hay (H) vs corn silage (CS). The diets had similar chemical composition (DM basis: 16.0% CP; 33.6% NDF; 39.3% NFC) and particle size distribution measured by Penn State particle separator (6.2% top; 26.6% middle; 67.2% bottom as fed basis). Twelve Holstein cows (34.2 ± 4.5 kg/d milk yield; 139 ± 79 DIM) were divided in 2 groups according to a cross-over experimental design with 14 d periods. Each group of cows was housed in a separate pen and it had free access to 6 weighing manger stations. Individual cows feeding behavior was measured by an automatic system which recorded the duration of all visits at the manger and the intake per visit. Rumination activity was measured by direct observation for 24 h. Time spent eating was similar between diets but DMI was lower for H (18.6 vs 20.0 kg/d, P < 0.05) which instead increased rumination (499 vs 457 min/d, P < 0.05) and total chewing time (785 vs 737 min/d, P < 0.05). To evaluate feed selection activity, diets were sampled at each weighing station at the time of their administration and 4, 12 and 23h post-feeding (pf). Diets had similar chemical composition at the administration, however samples collected at 4h pf showed a higher NDF (35.7 vs 33.4%, P < 0.001) and a lower NFC content (36.8 vs 40.7, P < 0.001) for H. These differences remained still significant at 12h pf (NDF: 37.6 vs 34.3%, P < 0.01; NFC: 34.8 vs 40.1%, P < 0.001) and at 23h pf (NDF: 39.5 vs 35.3%, P < 0.05; NFC: 32.8 vs 39.8%, P < 0.001). These composition variations indicate a selection activity operated by the cows when fed H TMR. This feeding selectivity towards concentrates was confirmed by a progressive increase of the fraction retained by the top screen and by the reduction the fraction gathered on the bottom pan of the Penn State particle separator. The different chemical composition of the ingesta of the 2 diets had no effect on milk yield, and composition.


With a relatively limited catchment area, the small island has special hydrological conditions. The hydro-morphometric approach of a watershed is essential for tracking and analyzing seasonal changes in small island watersheds' hydrological characteristics. It is crucial to incorporate the hydrological elements of small islands, both geographically, ecologically, socio-culturally, and economically. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the morphometric and hydrological characteristics of small island watersheds in the Ambon Region, Maluku province. A geographic information system and the BFI + 3.0 digital recursive filtering method (RDF) are used in the research method. The findings showed that drainage density, bifurcation ratio, and bifurcation ratio significantly impacted water systems for watersheds, flood vulnerability, and river beds storage. Good drainage (Dd greater than 1–5) is included in drainage density. With very high flood levels and short recession periods, a riverbank ratio of less than 1 suggests rare watershed circumstances. This condition appears to have an increased vulnerability to flooding, marked by high runoff but low penetration and permeability. The bifurcation ratio shows that showing high peak discharge (Qp) and increasing times and rapid recession times, the watershed form appears to be rounded.


In the title compound, C6H6O2·2C5H5NO, there is one pyridin-4-ol and half a hydroquinone molecule in the asymmetric unit; the hydroquinone molecule lies on an inversion center. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, building a corrugated two-dimensional network.


The present invention is a system clock generator and the received wireless packets to provide a device in the basic clock as a method and apparatus for implementing a precise distance estimation by using the hardware of the low-end in the distance estimation system such as the IEEE 802.15.4a standard an analog-to-digital conversion by the AD converter for generating a serial digital signal, the serial digital signal 1 receives the parallel flame output by using parallelism group, the basic clock for parallelism N maintaining the sampling data, and the radio also parallel synchronization means for extracting the first sampled data in the vicinity of the first peak of the packet, and outputs the counter value for the transmission time estimation of the radio packet on the basis of the sampled data held in the parallel synchronization means and ahulreoseo, the first peak and a counter for estimating a first peak by using the sampling data in the vicinity of It provides the distance comprising the distance estimation device according to claim estimation apparatus and system and method for estimating the distance. The present invention is low cost, a distance estimation counter that can precisely measure the distance between while still driven at a low speed for the distance estimation counter using a low system clock for low power consumption, by calculating an input signal mathematically transmission device of the signal using distance provides an estimation apparatus and method. Estimated distance counter, UWB, TOA, IEEE 802.15.4a


Introduction: In Canada, there are an estimated 700,000 Veterans of the Canadian military. Veterans are disproportionately prevalent in sub-populations of males, persons with chronic physical conditions, chronic pain, mental health conditions, and those with disabling activity limitations. Veterans are a population of interest to Canadian researchers, but there is no publicly available comprehensive list of Veterans in Canada. This creates a need for a standard set of screening questions suitable for self-report surveys. This article proposes a series of screening questions to identify Canadian Veterans. Methods: The content of the questions were developed considering self-identity, past Canadian surveys, legislation, and relevant characteristics of Canadian military service. Results: The recommended Canadian Veteran identifier questions are: "Have you ever had any Canadian military service? Was this service with the Regular Force? Reserve Force? Navy? Army? Air Force? Are you currently in the Canadian Ar...


Relying on the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991), a longitudinal study investigated the effects of an intervention-introduction of a prepaid bus ticket-on increased bus use among college students. In this context, the logic of the proposition that past behavior is the best predictor of later behavior was also examined. The intervention was found to influence attitudes toward bus use, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavioral control and, consistent with the theory, to affect intentions and behavior in the desired direction. Furthermore, the theory afforded accurate prediction of intention and behavior both before and after the intervention. In contrast, a measure of past behavior improved prediction of travel mode prior to the intervention, but lost its predictive utility for behavior following the intervention. In a test of the proposition that the effect of past on later behavior is due to habit formation, an independent measure of habit failed to mediate the effects of past on later behavior. It is concluded that choice of travel mode is largely a reasoned decision; that this decision can be affected by interventions that produce change in attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavioral control; and that past travel choice contributes to the prediction of later behavior only if circumstances remain relatively stable.


-It is commonly assumed that passerine birds with open nests reduce the risk of predation by concealing their nests. At a forest study site in northwestern Pennsylvania, about 50% of the Hooded Warbler (Wilsonia citrina) nests were depredated-the primary cause of reproductive failure. To test the hypothesis that concealed nests are less likely to be depredated than conspicuous nests, we examined seven characteristics of the warbler's nest and nest microhabitat in relation to nest predation: nest visibility, vegetation density surrounding the nest, height of nest, height of nest substrate, nest-substrate species, height of cryptic dead-leaf base of nest, and proximity of nest to a microedge. Successful and depredated nests (n = 97) did not differ in any of these variables. In addition, we performed a vegetationremoval experiment in which manipulated nests (n = 15) with surrounding vegetation removed were on average 86% more visible overall than control nests (n = 15). The highly visible manipulated nests did not suffer higher predation than control nests. Contrary to our hypothesis, our results show that nest concealment is not an important factor in predator avoidance for Hooded Warblers. This outcome would be expected if nest predation is the result of nonspecialist predation that occurs by chance and is based on the location of available food in general. Received 19 September 1994, accepted 25 April 1995. THE MAJOR FACTOR influencing reproductive success of open-nesting birds is nest predation (Skutch 1949, Nice 1957, Ricklefs 1969, Gates and Gysel 1978, Martin 1992). Consequently, there should be selective pressure for birds to place their nests in sites that deter predation. It is clear that birds select nest sites nonrandomly (e.g. Peterson and Best 1985, Bekoff et al. 1987), and there is evidence that they can identify nest sites with characteristics that reduce the risk of predation (Stauffer and Best 1986, Martin and Roper 1988, Marzluff 1988, M0ller 1988). Nest concealment and characteristics of nest microhabitat, such as vegetation density and height I Present address: 3662 Kinter Hill Road, Edinboro, Pennsylvania 16412, USA. of nest from the ground, have been related to predation risk (Caccamise 1977, Murphy 1983, Martin and Roper 1988, Yahner and Scott 1988, Kelly 1993, Martin 1993) and, thus, could serve as criteria in nest-site selection. Although concealment of a nest by selecting an inconspicuous site is commonly assumed to reduce the risk of predation, there have been conflicting results in testing this hypothesis. Martin (1992) concluded in a review of 56 studies that dense foliage reduces the probability of predation by concealing a nest. However, of the 11 studies on passerines, 7 reported a negative correlation between predation and nest concealment, and 4 reported no correlation. Pertinent research, including those studies reviewed by Martin (1992), was conducted by Nice (1937), Nolan (1978), Martin and Roper


This title presents a brilliant defense of the continuing relevance of Marx's thought for understanding today's global political economy. The French philosopher Daniel Bensaid shows that Marx's 'critique of political economy' encompassed three great critiques of the scientific and political canons of its age - historical reason, sociological rationality and scientific positivism. We find here a 'post-postmodern Marx', inhabiting a contemporary world replete with contingency, crisis and contradiction - ensuring that this nineteenth-century thinker is relevant to the twenty-first century of global capitalism.


AbstractReliable methods are described for the location and recovery of selected particulates, cells or subcellular materials, or organelles from paraffin sections for subsequent analytical electron microscopy. The procedures use paraffi sections with reference numbered electron microscope grids, projection microscopy, and direct photographic enlargement. (The J Histotechnol 11: 43, 1988.)


The issues that arise from child neglect cause a myriad of negative health outcomes. The objective of this thesis is to examine the use of the public health model as a preventive method in decreasing the incidence of child neglect. This study was conducted utilizing a survey that obtained information from 333 parents in Linn County, Iowa. The survey was created to gather social norms related to parenting. The survey gathered data on personal parenting practices and opinions of parenting practices of others within the community. Univariate and bivariate analysis were conducted to report demographics, frequencies in responses and the difference between how respondents felt they parented compared to how they viewed others parent. Results from the survey concluded that respondents viewed their own parenting practices more positively than how others parent. The data gathered from this thesis will be used to create and implement a culturally sensitive social norms marketing campaign that promotes positive parenting practices. Further research is needed related to child neglect and social norms marketing campaigns.


An Er3+-doped ZBLAN fiber amplifier for Q-switched pulses at 2.79 μm is reported. Over 24 μJ pulse energy at an average output power of 1.0 W was achieved at a pump power of 9.4 W.


We describe a scenario for large-scale magnetic field generation and particle acceleration in a collisionless collision of cold plasma clouds. A first-principle (i.e. using particles) numerical simulation of this process might be possible. Our scenario is essentially 3D. We argue that {\it large-scale} magnetic fields are not generated in 2D, even in collisionless plasma.
We calculate and numerically simulate magnetic field generation by relativistic collisionless Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in 2D. Collisionless tangential discontinuity might be more important than collisionless shock, because tangential discontinuity remains unstable even in the hydro limit, when the shock stabilizes.


The relationship between charge-transfer (CT) properties and the molecular arrangement formed from π-electronic ion pairs remains unclear because of the limited variety of π-electron anions. This study addressed this issue by synthesising a series of ion pair assemblies composed of viologen dications with diverse alkyl chains as π-electron cations and 1,3-bis(dicyanomethilidene)indan anion (CMI−) as a stable π-electron anion. We obtained seven ionic crystals and identified their assembled structures using single-crystal X-ray analysis. These structures are categorized into three types: "columnar", "slipped columnar" and "independent". The CT properties were characterised using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, which revealed that the CT absorption bands were dependent on the alkyl chain length. This intriguing variation in the CT transitions can be explained by the differences in the type of assembled structure.


Rhizome growth characteristics of Chimonbambusa hejiangensis affected the quality of shoots instantly.The rhizome growth rules were studied in this paper.The results showed that the rhizome of chimonbambusa hejiangensis was mainly distributed in the depth of 0~25cm in soil,especially in 5~10cm.The rhizome angle,diameter at half of one rhizome and the rhizome length were significantly different between the clones.The more rhizomes grew in a short-term when the underground stems grew to a certain length.Meanwhile it was also found that the temperature and rainfall in June to September were the limiting factors of rhizome growth.


AbstractThe technology of terrestrial laser scanning has widely been used in the surveying industry in recent years due to higher data collecting productivity compared to traditional tacheometric survey. The aim of this study is to assess generalization errors in topographic surveys of landforms on the basis of a large vegetation free semi-coke landfill hill with the relative height of 116 m in North-East Estonia. The numerical assessment of errors is proceeded by comparing a high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) 3D surface model with surface models generated from the sparser data steps (10, 20, 30 and 50 m). The 10 and 20 m data step surface models yield discrepancies within ± 20 cm. The 30 m data step models revealed slightly larger differences. Expectedly the largest elevation differences reaching up to 2.5 m were associated with the 50 m point step.


This study was aimed at evaluating the capabilities of Doppler US in the quantitative study of portal blood flow after glucagon administration in normal subjects. While its role in the qualitative study of portal hemodynamics is well known, it remains questionable whether Doppler US may be a valuable tool for the quantitative study of portal blood velocity. This may be solved by introducing, on a routine basis, meal tests which may provide a relative evaluation of the data. To date, these tests were based on the evaluation of blood flow velocity before and after a complete meal. For a more reliable test, we suggest that the meal be substituted with the i.v. administration of glucagon, which is known to play a major role in splanchnic hemodynamics during digestion. We examined 30 healthy volunteers and showed the possibility of a statistically significant evaluation of portal blood flow velocity before and after glucagon administration. After glucagon administration, blood flow velocity increased by 31.3% in 10 minutes, on the average, in all the healthy subjects.


This study aimed to examine the association of Test Your Memory (TYM)‐defined cognitive impairment groups with known sociodemographic and cardiometabolic correlates of cognitive impairment in a population‐based study of older adults.


Today's Networking Systems tend to increase in both heterogeneity and complexity. So there arises the need for an architecture for network-based services that provides flexibility and efficiency in the definition, deployment and execution of the services In this paper we present an approach that applies a Semanticbased Service deployment framework, which enables the provision of parallel applications as QoS-aware, whose performance characteristics may be dynamically negotiated between a client application and service providers. Our component model allows context dependencies to be explicitly expressed and dynamically managed with respect to the hosting environment, computational resources, and dependencies on other


OBJECTIVE
It was hypothesized that preoperative hyponatremia is associated with increased 30-day mortality after left ventricular assist device placement, and that large increases in sodium concentration are associated with adverse neurologic events and 30-day mortality.

DESIGN
Data were collected retrospectively on all patients having continuous flow left ventricular assist device implantation between January 1, 2009 and March 31, 2013. Preoperative variables, operative variables, and perioperative sodium concentrations were recorded. Both 30-day mortality and 72-hour adverse neurologic events (stroke or seizure) were recorded as primary outcome variables. Preoperative sodium and Δ sodium (postoperative sodium-preoperative sodium) were analyzed as tests for 30-day mortality and adverse neurologic events using receiver operating characteristic curves. Both crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios for the outcome variables.

SETTING
Tertiary care academic medical center.

PARTICIPANTS
Patients having durable continuous flow left ventricular assist device placement.

INTERVENTIONS
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Among 88 patients, 30-day mortality was 14% (12 of 88) and the rate of perioperative stroke or seizure was 9% (8 of 88). There were 3 strokes and 5 tonic-clonic seizures. Preoperative sodium was a poor discriminative test for 30-day mortality and stroke or seizure (AUC=0.47 and 0.57, respectively). Δ sodium was a poor discriminative test for 30-day mortality, but a fair discriminative test for stroke or seizure (AUC=0.55 and 0.78, respectively). Δ sodium was a good discriminative test for seizure alone (AUC=0.82) and a fair discriminative test for stroke alone (AUC=0.70). It also increased the odds of stroke or seizure significantly, even when adjusting for possible confounders.

CONCLUSIONS
Moderate-to-large increases in sodium concentration during left ventricular assist device placement appear to be associated with adverse postoperative neurologic events. Preoperative hyponatremia has no relationship with 30-day mortality or adverse perioperative neurologic events.


Our cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) asked the laboratory to provide plasma hemoglobin testing to monitor effects of ventricular-assist devices (VAD). Roche hemolysis index (HI) has been reported to be suitable for this purpose. Use of HI as a reportable test, however, must be validated in-house as a laboratory- developed test (LDT), according to CLIA regulations. We describe results of our evaluation, and caveats for intended use.

 Concentrated hemolysate was produced by osmotic lysis of packed red blood cells in water. Hemolysis in plasma was by dilution of concentrated hemolysate. Verification of HI as a measure of hemoglobin (mg/dL) used the Sigma-Aldrich spectrophotometric hemoglobin assay as a gold standard. Linearity, linear range, sensitivity, were investigated by dilution measurements; interferences by admixture experiments; reproducibility (precision, intra- and inter-assay) in each case by replicate measurements (n = 20).

 HI was confirmed to correspond to hemoglobin in mg/dL. Linearity was between 2-1000 mg/dL (r2 >0.99). Intra-assay precisions were <=2.5% (hemoglobin = 74,148 mg/dL); inter-assay precisions were <=4.9% (hemoglobin = 69,139 mg/dL). HI variability was ±2 at very low values (0-10 mg/dL). There were no interferences observed among common therapeutic drugs. Hyperlipemia (evaluated up to lipemic index (LI) = 225) and hyperbilirubinemia (evaluated up to icteric index (II) = 7) demonstrated no significant interference.

 Analytically, HI exhibited acceptable performance for reporting of plasma hemoglobin. Deployment would require establishment of quality control (QC) and proficiency testing procedures for HI. Clinically, a caveat for use is that HI cannot distinguish between hemolysis in circulation vs. that due to sample collection. For the CICU, HI >10 mg/dL is characteristic of more than 20% of samples drawn in general, irrespective of use of VAD. Temporal patterns of HI must therefore be carefully evaluated in parallel with haptoglobin measurements to assist in VAD management.


A highly directive 3D‐printed dual beam waveguide slotted antennas designed at 28 GHz are presented in this work. By having dual‐beam directional pattern, the coverage area can be doubled. The performance of dual‐beam waveguide slotted antennas is investigated with new metal 3D printing technique. The slots are basically designed at half wavelength dimension and distance with symmetrical and asymmetrical offset to form different phase radiations. The longitudinal slotted arrays are implemented on both side of the waveguide broad walls, thus enabling the dual beams on the antenna. The proposed antennas are simulated using computer simulation technology software and fully metal printed using EOS M280 machine. The simulated performance is validated experimentally using network analyzer measurement. The dimensional tolerance and surface roughness are profiled in this work. A good match better than 10 dB is achieved. The antennas are proposed for three‐dimensional beamforming in millimetre wave applications.


Agriculture contributes to nonpoint-source pollution of the nation's water resources through leaching and runoff of crop nutrients, pesticides, and animal wastes, and through soil erosion from cropland. Development of effective solutions to water quality problems resulting from agricultural activities requires input of information synthesized from many disciplines, and courdination and integration of various scientific and technical programs. This article describes a program for synthesizing information resulting from USDA USEPA and USGS projects into evaluations of the regional impact of existing and innovative agroecosystems on surfacewater and groundwater quality


Objective To observe the long-term follow-up results of the operated patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome of hepatic stenosis,and to summarize the experience of radical operation through midsternal incision approach under the deep hypothermia and temporally circulatory pause,and to investigate the safe and effective radical operation for Budd-Chiari syndrome of hepatic stenosis.Methods The clinic data was analyzed retrospectively.The foci of 30 cases were clearly exposed and resected through midsternal incision approach under the temporally circulatory pause with incising the pericardium and inferior vena cava only without opening the thoracic cavity or abdominal cavity.The livers diminished and the liver venous reflux became normal just after operation.The live operated patients were followed up from 1 to 10 years,and the hepatic veins of second hepatic portal were checked up every 6 months by color ultrasound or the magnetic resonance imaging.Results Twenty-six cases were cured with no complication or recurrence except for one case died of stress ulcer.Conclusion It is a better radical operation of safety,effectiveness,minitrauma and quick recovery on patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome of hepatic venous stenosis. [


Dike intrusions often cause complex ground displacements that are not sufciently explained by simple analytical models. We develop a method to nd complex and realistic dike geometries and overpressures from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data. This method is based on a combination of a boundary element method with realistic topography and a neighbourhood algorithm inversion. Dike model geometry is roughly a quadrangle with its top reaching the ground. The inversion has two stages: search and appraisal. The appraisal stage involves calculations of model marginal probability density functions using mist val- ues calculated during the search stage. The mist function takes into account the variance and correlation of data noise. Synthetic tests show that a model is successfully retrieved within predicted narrow condence intervals. We apply the method on InSAR data of the February 2000 ank eruption at Piton de la Fournaise and get a trapezoid dike dipping seaward (61.0 n 67.3 ) with its bottom passing 800n1000 m beneath the summit. A model with a basal slip plane does not better explain observed asymmetric displacements and thus this asymmetry is solely attributed to the dipping dike. The dike lies above a narrow band of pre-eruption seis- micity, suggesting that lateral magma propagation occurred. Neglecting topography results in poor modeling at depth and in overestimations of overpressure (or opening), height (both about 30%), and volume (about 20%).


Objective:To study the decomposed recipe of Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXXXD,半夏泻心汤) and observe its therapeutic effects on rat models with chronic gastric ulcer.Methods:The rat model with chronic gastric ulcer was established and the changes in indexes of epidermic growth factor(EGF) etc.were detected.Results:All the BXXXD and its decomposed recipe possessed the actions on regulating the contents of EGF in gastric juice to different extent.In decomposed groups some groups showed a tendency towards synergism while others showed restriction.Among decomposed groups the group of tonifying with the sweet (甘补组) displayed the most obvious efficacy.Conclusions:It is certain that the medicines BXXXD,which possess effect of reinforcing the body's vital energy (扶正) does not allow to ignore.


Elastic measurements on La-based and Y-based bulk oxide superconductive materials in the temperature range 4.2–350 K are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the elastic behavior near the superconducting transition temperature Tc and at higher temperatures where phase transitions or structural instabilities may occur. Possible mechanisms responsible for the observed elastic anomalies are discussed.


This paper discuss the chemic structure and physic al chemistry characteristic of Chinese honey locust.Further depiction the technica l course that it obtain from the seed of Gleditsia Sinensis Lam. And expect the applied foreground in the edible industry.


INTRODUCTION: A parallel imaging technique, GRAPPA (GeneRalized Auto-calibrating Partially Parallel Acquisitions), has been used to improve temporal and/or spatial resolution [1]. Coil calibration in GRAPPA is done in fully sampled reference k-space using a least-squares technique to solve the over-determined equations. In this paper, we describe a general weighted GRAPPA method (WGRAPPA) whereby Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) [2] is applied in the coil calibration process. Using a perceptual difference model (Case-PDM) to quantitatively, and objectively, evaluate image quality, we optimized parameters of the new algorithm and evaluated reconstructions using 4 to 32 coils and over 1,000 test images. WGRAPPA is compared to standard GRAPPA with both Case-PDM and visual inspection. THEORY: For a set of n observations { } ij x with spatial coordinates {( , )} i i μ ν , i = 1, 2, …, n, on p independent predictor variables, j = 1, 2, …, p, and a set of n


Introduction: Nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies arise from the heterogeneous distribution of isotopically anomalous presolar matter, and are powerful tools for investigating early solar system dynamics by establishing genetic relationships among planetary bodies. For instance, building on previous work [1], Budde et al. [2] demonstrated that nucleosynthetic Mo isotope anomalies in bulk meteorites reveal a fundamental dichotomy in the genetic heritage of meteorites, distinguishing between carbonaceous (CC) and noncarbonaceous (NC) materials. The isotopic difference between the CC and NC reservoirs cannot reflect a temporal change in the disk composition because both groups contain chondrites and iron meteorites, which formed between <1 and ~4 Ma after CAI formation [2– 4]. Instead, these observations indicate that CC and NC meteorites derive from two spatially distinct reservoirs that coexisted and remained separated for several million years, most likely as a result of the formation of Jupiter in between them [2,4]. However, this interpretation critically depends on whether or not there are meteorites with compositions that are intermediate between those of the NC and CC reservoirs. Therefore, we obtained Mo isotope data for meteorite groups that have not been investigated before to evaluate whether the Mo isotope dichotomy holds for all meteorites. These data are not only important for testing the fundamental dichotomy between NC and CC meteorites, but they also provide critical new insights into the accretion history of the Earth. Samples and methods: To date, we have obtained Mo isotope data for CK, CH, CBb, and Rumuruti (R) chondrites as well as for mesosiderites, acapulcoites, brachinites, and numerous ureilites. All samples were carefully cleaned and digested in Savillex beakers using HF-HNO3-HClO4 and inverse aqua regia. Molybdenum was separated from the sample matrix by ion exchange chromatography following our established procedures [2,3], and Mo isotope compositions were measured using the Neptune Plus MC-ICP-MS at Münster. The isotope data are internally normalized to Mo/Mo and reported as ε-unit deviations (i.e., 0.01%) relative to the bracketing solution standard. The precision and accuracy of the Mo isotope analyses were assessed by repeated measurements of the BHVO-2 rock standard, which was processed together with each set of samples and which defines an external reproducibility (2 s.d.) for the Mo isotope ratios of about 0.1–0.3ε (for ~80 ng Mo consumed per analysis). -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2


The invention relates to a preliminarily bonded multilayer film (1) for covering a bone defect site (2), in particular in the region of a jaw bone, the film (1) comprising at least one shaping molding layer (3) for molding the film (1) onto the bone defect site (2) and at least one cover layer (4, 4a, 4b) for covering the bone defect site (2), the molding layer (3) and the at least one cover layer (4, 4a, 4b) being substantially completely resorbable.


SPA is one of the biggest basins (2500 km in diameter) on the lunar far side. Previous studies have suggested that most of the crustal material of this basin was excavated and that the mantle materials have been exposed [1]. Therefore, most of the anorthosite composing the crust may have been excavated and ejected from the basin. However, the basin formation process and consequent mineralogy of this basin are still unclear because of the degradation after the supposedly ancient SPA basingenerated impact. For example, Pieters et al. (2001) and Ohtake et al. (2009) reported that the central part of the SPA basin contains anorthosite which is crustal material[2][3]. Additionally, Ishihara et al. (2009) estimated the anorthositic crust in the SPA basin to be 20 to 30 km thick based on data derived from the SELENE Relay satellite, its Main Orbiter transponder, and the Laser Altimeter [4]. These observations are apparently inconsistent with the theory of previous studies. In this study, we estimated the cause of this disagreement by investigating the distribution of anorthosite within the SPA basin and compared the results with topographic data. And we speculated the geological structure of this large impact basin. We used the SELENE Multiband Imager (MI) to estimate the lunar mineralogy of SPA basin. MI is a high-resolution spectral imager with both visible and near infrared coverages at spectral bands of 415, 750, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1250 and 1550 nm. In all MI images, spatial resolution is adjusted to 20 m x 20 m per pixel. Mineral phases have diagnostic absorption features depending on the minerals. Plagioclase has an absorption band at around 1250 nm; olivine, at around 1050 nm; and pyroxene, at around 1000 nm. These minerals are the three commonest minerals on the Moon. We detected a peak shoulder at around 1250 nm compared to the line between 1050 nm to 1550 nm to select anorthosite spectra. Locations without this peak shoulder are categorized as other rocks. We made a color-composite image in which red is assigned to a continuum-removed absorption depth at 950 nm; green, to that at 1050 nm; and blue, to that at 1250 nm to display the distribution of these minerals. We also used topographic data derived from the SELENE Laser Altimeter (LALT) to compare the mineralogy with topography. Its spatial resolution is finer than 0.5 degrees. We identified rings within the SPA basin based on the topographic features. In the result of this study, we found anorthosite in 20 locations within the SPA basin. Particularly, 16 locations of them located near the fringe region within the SPA basin. Other four locations located near the center of this basin and recognized in the northwest area of this region. The second topographic ring counted from the outside was matched the boundary of the anorthosite distribution derived from mineralogical data. In other words, few anorthosites present inside of the second topographic ring. This result suggests that the crustal material is excavated within the SPA basin, and that the second ring corresponds to a transient cavity of this basin.


Ethics is about an important structured behavior, in particular, how one should regulate the pursuit of self-interest when the actions affect others. Business Ethics are the critical, structured policies and practices of how people and institutions should behave in the world of commerce. It involves examining appropriate issues and constraints on the pursuit of self-interest and firm's profits, when the actions of individuals and firms affect others. Business Ethics is the study of strategies, desired policies and practices, related to stakeholders' preferences / priorities / benefits / values. In this paper a conceptual study has been presented regarding understanding the constituent components of business ethics. Relevance and emphasis of business ethics to major subjects such as corporate governance and corporate responsibility and their relation to corporate management have been analyzed and presented. Significance and emphasis is with focus on understanding essential ingredients of business ethics and formulation of methodologies for Operationalization, to reach the benefits to the stakeholders and the society.  The endeavor is to sustain business growth and organization's distinctive competitive advantage


Objective To explore the changes and clinical significances of serum IL-35 and Treg cell in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods Fourty cases in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Houjie Hospital of Guangdong Medical College with HBV patients were categrized into three group:Group AsC(8 patients with asymptomatic HBV carriers), Group CHB-LM(20 patients with chronic hepatitis B with low and moderate), and Group CSHB(12 patients with chronic severe hepatitis B). The Group HV included 15 healthy volunteers. The serum of IL-35 were measured with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),Treg cell concentration in peripheral blood were determined by Flow cytometry. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of two independent samples. Results HBV patients had a significantly higher the level of IL-35 [(75.00±6.75) pg/ml] than healthy volunteers [(44.13±4.49) pg/ml]. Significant difference was found between two groups(P0.05). The levels of IL-35both on CSHB and CHB-LM group were significantly higher than AsC group(P0.05), but the levels of IL-35 between CSHB and CHB-LM group were no significantly difference(P0.05). The Treg cell concentration in the periph-eral blood of HBV patients [(6.4 ±0.42)%] was significantly higher than healthy volunteers [(3.07±0.31)%], the difference of them were statistically significant(P0.05). The Treg cell concentration on CSHB group was significantly higher than CHB-LM or AsC group(P0.05). The level of serum IL-35 on HBV patients was positively correlated with the concent of Treg cell in peripheral blood(P0.05). Conclusion The changes of serum IL-35 and Treg cell concentration were difference during different disease phases in chronic hepatitis B, they may play a more important role in the occurrence and worsening process of chronic HBV infection.


Every life needs a very important role especially the role in education. Improving the quality of education can be pursued by the use of appropriate learning models so as to improve students' reasoning abilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the influence of Novick's learning model and the learning model that is centered on educators on students' mathematical reasoning abilities, Knowing the interaction between learning models and SAVI learning styles (Somatic, Auditory, Visualization, Intelectually) on mathematical reasoning abilities learners. This research uses the Quasy Experiment Design method. The results obtained from this study are that learning by using Novick's learning model is more effective against mathematical reasoning for students, there is no interaction between Novick's learning model and SAVI learning style on mathematical reasoning abilities.


Good emulsion stability as foaming cream, workability at the time of whipped, foaming properties, excellent in appearance, shape retention, good 耐離 aqueous, well in milk fat when you eating while is derived from vegetable oils and fats similar mouth Doke sense, is to provide a Chichimi feeling, foaming cream for the fat composition in order to obtain a foaming cream and the cream has a texture. In addition the fat composition is to provide the things that do not contain as much as possible the trans-unsaturated fatty acids. Containing fats and oils A and lauric oils and fats is a palm-based oils and fats and ester exchange oils of lauric oils and fats, the value of [fat A / (A + fat lauric oils and fats)] is in the range of 0.1 to 0.95, a foaming cream for fat and oil composition, the oil and fat composition, a foaming cream made using a non-fat milk solids and water.


propose a double structuring element method for producing morphological skeletons of a discrete binary image. The introduced main and sub-structuring elements control the size and orientation of the skeleton, where the substructuring element is a subset of the main structuring element. The resultant skeleton contains the entire skeleton by a single structuring element, which significantly improves connectivity. Furthermore, we show that the morpholgical skeleton by double structuring elements is the intersection of the two skeletons produced by the main structuring element and the divided two subsets of the original substructuring one. Connected skeletons can be obtained by successive application of the theorem starting with a small subset of the substructuring element. Original image can be reconstructed by the substructuring element as well as the main structuring one. We will also discuss another properties of the method and clarify the relation to conventional morphological skeleton.


In this review, Braschi et al. provide an updated consensus nomenclature for components of dynein motors and their assembly factors.


Sixty-eight barley accessions were evaluated in the ecological condition of Henan, and 31 accessions were selected as breeding resources of barley.TrxS gene was transferred into 41 accessions by hybridization and backcross.The integration and transcription of the TrxS gene were confirmed in part of barley lines by PCR and RT-PCR analysis respectively.The results provided new germ plasm for quality breeding of barley and scientific basis for molecular marker assisted breeding.