In order to improve the precision of 3D reconstruction, a new composite coding way based on structure light is proposed. In this paper, color stripe pattern is used as basic coding element and intensity properties are introduced for every color stripes to design coding pattern. This coding pattern can be used to extract stripe peak and edge information on sub-pixel level. In the reconstruction we use both peak-based reconstruction and edge-based reconstruction. Experimental results show that the combination of two kinds of reconstruction style can ensure higher reconstruction accuracy.


Backgrounds and Objectives: Although most problems of peripheral intravenous catheterization are inconsiderable and easily treated, some are dangerous and require rapid management. This study aimed to explore peripheral intravenous catheter-related com-plications and the quality of nursing care for dressing sites of peripheral intravenous catheterization among the pediatric population. Methods: The study was conducted at Raparin Teaching Hospital for Children inpatient units in Erbil City/Iraq, using an observational study design. A purposive sample from 296 hospitalized children with peripheral intravenous catheterization was chosen for this study. The data was collected using a special check List (PIVC-miniQ) developed for checking the signs and symptoms and the quality of care for the catheter insertion site. Furthermore, the obtained data on peripheral intravenous catheterization problems was evaluated for exploring grades of phlebitis using the Phlebitis Scale developed by the Infusion Nursing Society in 2011. The data was processed and analyzed using SPSS using descriptive statistical analysis (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistical tests (Chi-squared, contingency coefficient). The probability value of ≤0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Most (82.4%) of patients were recruited in the emergency unit, with the highest percentage (36.8%) were toddlers. More than two-thirds (72.3%) of participants were assessed within the first peripheral catheter insertion. Regarding overall grades of patients' peripheral intravenous catheterization complications (PIVC), less than a quarter (21.6%) were within the first grade, indicating being at risk for complications, and 6.8% were within the second grade, indicating slight phlebitis. Regarding the nursing care for PIVC site care, 62.5% of participants received fair care, and 22.3% received poor care. Conclusions: A quarter of observed children were at risk for having phlebitis and less than ten percent had slight phlebitis. About a quarter of patients received poor nursing care for the catheter insertion site. Most participants have not a documentation of peripheral intravenous catheter insertion date on the dressing and on the patient's chart.


Abstract Objectives Nutrition and food blogs are internet sites that document and deliver information regarding nutrition guidance, food recipes, and cooking. Despite their popularity, little is known about the credibility of the nutrition information distributed. The objective of this study was to examine relationships between education of nutrition and food blog authors and use of evidence-based writing in their articles. Methods A purposive-snowball sampling approach was utilized to select blogs using search engines. Inclusion criteria for blogs was defined as: nutrition and food as main topic; active websites; and written in English. Data collection continued until a sample of 500 blogs was achieved. Evidence-based writing was examined by dividing blogs into two groups: evidence-based (those with scientific journals/websites cited as references for articles) and not evidence-based (no references). Pearson Chi-Square analysis was used to test relationship significance. Results Blog type categories include independent (n = 397), food commodity boards (n = 48), food/nutrition companies (n = 48), and other (n = 7). There was a significant relationship between evidence-based writing and blog type; of the 278 evidence-based blogs, 80.2% were independent, 12.9% commodity, and 6.8% company (p = 0.002). Evidence-based writing was significantly related to author education. Among the 223 independent evidence-based blogs, 59.6% of authors had a graduate degree, 33.6% bachelor's degree, and 6.7% without any education listed (P < 0.001). The majority of blogs from food commodity boards and food/nutrition companies did not include any author information and were excluded from analyses involving author education. Conclusions A higher use of evidenced-based writing was found among independent nutrition and food blogs, as compared to those from food commodity boards and food/nutrition companies. Authors with bachelor's and graduate degrees had the majority of blogs with evidence-based writing, as compared to authors with no education listed. This research suggests the importance of author education for disseminating evidence-based nutrition information through nutrition and food blogs. Funding Sources Bess Heflin Centennial Professorship.


State-of-the-art wireless local area network (WLAN) IEEE 802.11b terminals employ complementary code keying (CCK) as modulation format. In this paper, receiver concepts tailored for CCK transmission over frequency-selective fading channels are presented in a unified and systematic framework. First, optimum maximum-likelihood (ML) detection for CCK signaling is considered. Second, for complexity reduction, minimum mean-squared error block decision-feedback equalization (MMSE-DFE) is investigated and reduced-state sequence estimation (RSSE) is considered on the basis of an Ungerbock-like set partitioning of the multidimensional CCK code wordset. In order to improve the reliability of CCK transmission over fading channels, time-reversal space-time block codes (TR-STBCs) combined with receive diversity are applied. Simulation results of the considered suboptimum receivers are compared with a performance approximation for optimum detection. Our results demonstrate the excellent performance of the advocated equalization schemes and the significant gains that can be achieved with TR-STBCs and receive diversity in typical WLAN environments


As Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) peering becomes more widely
accepted by service providers the need to define an interconnect
guideline becomes of greater value. This document takes into
consideration the SIP and commonly used SIP extensions, and it defines
a fundamental set of requirements for SIP Service Providers (SSPs) to
implement within their signaling functions (SFs) or Signaling Path
Border Elements (SBEs) for peering.


We have succeeded in preparing good quality epitaxial CoCrPt thin films on different substrates (Al2O3, LaAlO3, SrTiO3 and MgO) with the c-axis perpendicular to the substrate plane and magnetic properties were investigated. Magneto-optical spectra of the CoCrPt films prepared under different conditions were measured at room temperature between 1.2 and 6 eV, to investigate the physical properties of these films from the fundamental point of view.


PTZ camera has been widely applicable to various surveillance systems. Focusing on controlling the PTZ camera automatically, an entire system capable of object detecting and tracking is proposed in this paper. The PTZ camera in the System is supposed to locate and identify an object which may considered as a threat. The basic idea is that the camera must be capable to detect and keep track of a target objects. Even though the place is crowded the system should not get affected to track the target object


Abstract : The overall audit objectives were to determine whether the Army National Guard FY 1995 budget execution reports submitted to the Defense Finance and Accounting Service, Indianapolis Center, accurately reflected obligations made against the FY 1991 National Guard and Reserve Equipment Appropriation, and whether the Army National Guard complied with DoD regulations concerning procedures for reporting potential violations of the Antideficiency Act. We also evaluated applicable management controls.


Satellite images help in studying various phenomena related to earth's surface. The range of applications varies from agriculture, geology, coast and marine studies to urban development and environmental affairs. CubeSat projects belong to the category of small satellites named Pico Satellites. They have a relative superiority over higher order satellites such as Micro and Mini satellites in terms of their short development time, lower complexity, and most importantly less cost. We present here an overview on the ongoing project EgyCubeSat-1, a Pico satellite that has a camera as an optical payload with ground sample distance better than 100 meters, synchronous orbit, and low earth orbit in the range 600 ~ 700 Km. The key innovation is the development of costumed optics that fit in the compact allocated space and result in better resolution.


After the Second World War, the economic development ofItalyhas profoundly changed the use of land. The paper investigates economic and regulatory implications of land withdrawal inItalyand the nexus with internal and foreign migration. The dualistic character of Italian economic development induced, especially in the 1950s and 1960s, huge migration flows from southern regions to the North, with strong repercussions in terms of abandonment of farmland and urban congestion. In recent times, in the light of increasing pressures from globalization, a revival of internal migration flows from the South to the North has occurred inItaly, but with different characteristics and implications with respect to the past. The interaction between internal mobility and foreign immigration (a new phenomenon forItaly, traditionally an emigration country) entails possible economic contra-indications but also new opportunities for rural development.


So what does the Second Amendment mean? A lot, says the National Rifle Association. Not much, say gun-control advocates. Until recently, it did not much matter who was right--on all but the mildest of measures, the NRA had the votes (and the cash), and that was that. Then came Columbine. Now proposals for serious federal gun controls are in the air. If adopted, would such measures violate the Constitution? Begin with the words of the amendment itself: "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." This curious syntax has perplexed most modern readers. How do the two main clauses with different subject-nouns fit together? Do these words guarantee a right of militias, as the first clause seems to suggest, or a right of the people, as the second clause seems to say? In one corner, gun controllers embrace a narrow, statist reading, insisting that the amendment merely confers a right on state governments to establish professional state militias like the National Guard or local SWAT teams. No ordinary citizen is covered by the amendment in this view. In the other corner, gun owners and their supporters read the amendment in a broad libertarian way, arguing that it protects a right of every individual to have guns for self-protection, for hunting, and even for sport. Virtually nothing having to do with personal weaponry is outside the amendment on this view. Both readings are wrong. The statist reading sidesteps the obvious fact that the amendment's actual command language--"shall not be infringed"--appears in its second clause, which speaks of "the people" and not "the states." A quick look at the Tenth Amendment, which draws a sharp distinction between "the states" and "the people," makes clear that these two phrases are not identical and that the Founders knew how to say "states" when they meant states. (1) What is more, the eighteenth-century "militia" referred to by the first clause was not remotely like today's National Guard. It encompassed virtually all voters--somewhat like today's Swiss militia--rather than a small group of paid, semiprofessional volunteers. The libertarian reading must contend with textual embarrassments of its own. The amendment speaks of a right of "the people" collectively rather than a right of "persons" individually. It also uses a distinctly military phrase, "bear arms." A deer hunter or target shooter carries a gun but does not, properly speaking, bear arms. (2) The military connotation was even more obvious in an earlier draft of the amendment, which contained additional language that "no one religiously scrupulous of bearing arms shall be compelled to render military service in person." (3) Even in the final version, note how the military phrase "bear arms" is sandwiched between a clause that talks about the "militia" and a clause (the Third Amendment) that regulates the quartering of "soldiers" in times of "war" and "peace." (4) Likewise, state constitutions in 1789 consistently used the phrase "bear arms" in military contexts and no other. (5) By now it is evident that we need to understand how all the words of the amendment fit together, and how they, in turn, mesh with other words in the Constitution. The amendment's syntax seems odd only because modern readers persistently misread the words "militia" and "people," imposing twentieth-century assumptions on an eighteenth-century text. The key subject-nouns were simply different ways of saying the same thing. At the Founding, the militia was the people and the people were the militia. Indeed, the earlier draft of the amendment linked the two clauses with linchpin language speaking of "a well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people." (6) The stylistically clumsy linchpin was later pulled out, but the final version makes the same point in fewer words. …


Through studying the archaic words in Meixian Hakka dialects,this article points out the shortages in phonetic notation and explanation in such great reference books as Hanyu Da Zidian and Hanyu Da Cidian,which provide some reference for the editors and revisers.


Fission-track ages of cogenetic minerals namely apatite, and zircon from syenite rocks of the Sushina hill, Tamar Porapahar Shear Zone (TPSZ), coupled with the corresponding closure temperatures of the minerals have been used to reveal the uplift history of syenite rocks. Offset of their FT ages indicates that the samples uplifted at the rate of 9.97 m/Ma during the period 535 Ma-970 Ma.


The magnetic response of C60 has been studied and compared to its spherical aromatic counterpart C60(10+), focusing on the overall and local shielding tensors. A high axis dependence behavior at the outside region of the structure is characterized, unravelling a characteristic pattern of the local chemical shift anisotropy as a consequence of the spherical aromatic behavior.


The sub-family Microphallinae is known up to the time of writing to include six valid genera, namely, Microphallus, Levinseniella, Spelophatlus, Carneophallus, Endocotyle and Spiculotrema. A key is given to separate these genera.Microphallus longicaecus sp. nov. from a domesticated duck in Hongkong is described. A brief description for the new species is given as follows.Specific diagnosis: Body elongated, armed with spines, and distinctly divisible into two regions. Fore-body long and narrow, 0.565 by 0.155 mm, and hind-body, almost round in shape, 0.231 by 0.269 mm. Oral sucker 0.055 mm long by 0.078 mm wide, and acetabulum 0.048 mm diameter. Digestive tract almost all in fore-body. Prepharynx 0.049 mm long, pharynx 0.04 mm diameter, and oesophagus 0.210 mm long. Caeca longer than oesophagus, reaching anterior margin of acetabulum. Bifurcation comes consequently some distance from seminal vesicle.Eggs cover up most of the structures in hind-body. Testes symmetrical, about size of acetabulum. Right testis behind ovary and at same level as acetabulum, left testis slightly more posterior. Seminal vesicle somewhat bigger than acetabulum and situated in front of the latter.Ovary same in size as or slightly bigger than acetabulum, located between it and the right caecum. Vitellaria behind acetabulum, and on each side there are 7-8 vitelline follicles. Genital pore on left side of acetabulum.Location and host: Small intestine of domesticated ducks.Type locality: Hongkong. Subsequently also seen in Canton.Type and paratypes: Deposited in the Department of Parasitology, Hua-Nan Medical College, Canton.The present species is somewhat like Spelotrema claviforme (Brandes, 1888) and S. longicollis Yamaguti 1939, but can be distinguished from them by its shorter oesophagus and longer caeca, and consequently bifurcation begins early and is of some distance from the seminal vesicle. The condition of the digestive tract of the new species reminds one of Levinseniella, but the latter possesses complicated genital sinus.S. claviforme and S. longicollis exhibit no specific differences and the latter name should fall into synonymy of the former, Seventeen valid species are accepted in the genus Microphallus. These are as follows:Formerly in or recognized as Microphallus1. M. opacus (Ward, 1894). Syn.: M. ovatus Osborn, 1919.2. M. baryurus (Stafford, 1903).3. M. minus Ouchi, 1928.4. M. gracilis Baer, 1943.5. M. limuli Stunkard, 1951. Formerly in or recognized as Spelotrema6. M. pygmaeus (Levinsen, 1881).7. M. daviformis (Brandes, 1888). Syn.: M. longicollis (Yamaguti, 1939).8. M. similis (Jagerskibld, 1900).9. M. excellent Nicoll, 1907.10. M. brevicaeca (Africa and Garcia, 1935).11. M. capellae (Yamaguti, 1939).12. M. nicolli (Cable and Hunninen, 1940).13. M. papillorobustus (Eankin, 1940).14. M. oedema (Belopolskaia, 1952).15. M. arenaria (Belopolskaia, 1953). Formerly in Paraheterophyes16. M. pirum (Afanassjew, 1941). The new species17. M. longicaecus sp. nov.


Interview with Gottfried Reichel, a radio evangelist from Munich, Germany. In the interview, Reichel discusses growing up in Germany, including being a part of the Hitler Youth as a boy, and Germany's process of recovering after World War II.


A fine grain layer is often generated in the vicinity of friction interfaces in metal forming processes. Two important contributory mechanisms responsible for this process are plastic strain and temperature. This paper presents a theoretical investigation into the effect of friction on the heat generation in the continued quasi-static plane strain compression of a thin metal strip between two parallel dies. The strip material is rigid perfectly plastic. The constant friction law is adopted. An approximate solution is given in Lagrangian coordinates. The original initial/boundary value problem at large strain reduces to the standard initial/boundary value problem for the nonhomogeneous heat conduction equation.


In order to predict the geological situation of the tunnel in V-shaped shallow-buried section accurately,and to prevent the mudslides,the roof fall and other accidents,it needs to carry out advanced geological forecast on the tunnel face.In the geological forecast of the V-shaped shallow-buried section,was the first to classify the geological model,analyze the law of the energy absorption and energy attenuation as well as the propagation law of reflection and refraction of elastic wave etc.and then analyzing and processing the TSP data of the actual acquisition,extracting the reflecting interface of the main powerful energy,through the analysis of the interface position and property,qualitative determine the geologic type.In the end,combine with the important parameters of the inversion results in the TSP.to carry out a detailed analysis the geological conditions.After the application of geological forecast of the V-shaped shallow section in the La-Ri railway,Its forecast compared with the actual excavation boundary error is only 3 meters.The Analytical Thought is worth further promotion and more in-depth study for advance Geological Forecasting in future.


Statistical methods for analyzing large data sets of molecular configurations within the chemical concept of molecular conformations are described. The strategies are based on dependencies between configurations of a molecular ensemble; the article concentrates on dependencies induced by a) correlations between the molecular degrees of freedom, b) geometrical similarities of configurations, and c) dynamical relations between subsets of configurations. The statistical technique realizing aspect a) is based on an approach suggested by AMADEI ET AL. (Proteins, 17 (1993)). It allows to identify essential degrees of freedom of a molecular system and is extended in order to deter mine single configurations as representatives for the crucial features related to these essential degrees of freedom. Aspects b) and c) are based on statistical cluster methods. They lead to a decomposition of the available simulation data into conformational ensembles or subsets with the property that all configurations in one of these subsets share a common chemical property. In contrast to the restriction to single representative conformations, conformational ensembles include infor mation about, e.g., structural flexibility or dynamical connectivity. The conceptual similarities and differences of the three approaches are discussed in detail and are illustrated by application to simulation data originating from a hybrid Monte Carlo sampling of a triribonucleotide. K e y words , conformational ensemble, cluster method, structural and dynamical similarity, representative, conformation, essential degrees of freedom, transition states, cluster analysis, feature extraction. M a t h e m a t i c s subjec t classification. 6 5 U 0 5 , 62H30 .


The purpose of this paper is to prove the strong type inequalities with
one-sided weights for commutators of one-sided discrete square
functions.


Abstract This paper presents an investigation on the behaviour of con- ventional inverted pendulum with an inertia disk in its free extreme. The system is actuated by means of torques applied to the disk by a DC mo- tor, mounted on the pendulum's arm. Thus, the system is underactuated since the pendulum can rotate freely around its pivot point. The dynam- ical model is given with three ordinary nonlinear differential equations. Using Poincare-Andronov-Hopf's theory, we find a new analytical formula for the first Lyapunov's value at the boundary of stability. It enables one to study in detail the bifurcation behaviour of the above dynamic system. We check the validity of our analytical results on the first Lyapunov's value by numerical simulations. Hence, we find some new results.


Wireless sensor networks consist of a system of distributed sensors embedded in the physical world, and promise to allow observation of previously unobservable phenomena. Since they are exposed to unpredictable environments, sensor-network applications must handle a wide variety of faults: software errors, node and link failures, and network partitions. The code to manually detect and recover from faults crosscuts the entire application, is tedious to implement correctly and efficiently, and is fragile in the face of program modifications. We investigate language support for modularly managing faults. Our insight is that such support can be naturally provided as an extension to existing "macroprogramming" systems for sensor networks. In such


Background: Hypothermia may interfere with the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism. Because this conclusion was based on the analysis of global values, the question remains whether hypothermic CBF/metabolism uncoupling exists on a local cerebral level. This study investigated the effects of hypothermic anesthesia on local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU). Methods: Thirty-six rats were anesthetized with isoflurane (1 minimum alveolar concentration) and artificially ventilated to maintain normal arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (p H-stat). Pericranial temperature was maintained as normothermic (37.5°C, n = 12) or was reduced to 35°C (n = 12) or 32°C (n = 12). Pericranial temperature was maintained constant for 60 min until LCBF or LCGU were measured by autoradiography. Twelve conscious rats served as normothermic controls. Results: Compared with conscious animals, mean CBF remained unchanged during normothermic anesthesia. Mean CBF significantly increased during mild hypothermia but was unchanged during moderate hypothermia. During normothermic anesthesia, mean CGU was 45% lower than in conscious controls (P < 0.05). No further CGU reduction was found during mild hypothermia, whereas CGU further decreased during moderate hypothermia (48%;P < 0.05). Local analysis showed a linear LCBF/LCGU relationship in conscious (r = 0.94) and anesthetized (r = 0.94) normothermic animals, as well as in both hypothermic groups (35°C: r = 0.92; 32°C: r = 0.95;P < 0.05). The LCBF-to-LCGU ratio increased from 1.4 (conscious controls) to 2.4 (normothermic isoflurane) and 3.6 ml/&mgr;mol (mild and moderate hypothermia, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Decrease of mean CGU at unchanged or increased mean CBF during hypothermic anesthesia may not indicate uncoupling. Local analysis shows a maintained linear relationship that is reset to a higher CBF/CGU ratio.


Environmental Impact Assessment is an important course of environmental engineering specialty,and curriculum design is an important supplement to theory teaching. Around the professional training program,a series of exploration was carried out from two aspects such as curriculum design topics and curriculum design organization and implementation,and the problems in the process of curriculum design were analyzed. From the application of this teaching mode,the teaching quality was improved,the students' ability to analyze problems and solve problems was trained,and the students' sense of profession identity was enhanced.


Background: Leukemia is the most prevalent childhood cancer. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes 75% of all cases. Objective: To find out the most common clinical and hematological findings of pediatric patients with acute leukemia at a tertiary care center of central India. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was done on 30 pediatric patients diagnosed with acute leukemia in the Department of Pediatrics and Oncology at Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal. This study included children aged from 6 months to 15 years, who were admitted from June 2014 to June 2015. Data were retrospectively collected by reviewing medical records of these patients. Clinical history, physical examination, hematological, and radiological data were analyzed. Results: ALL was the most common hematological malignancy observed at our hospital. In addition, it was found to be more prevalent in males and fever was the most common presenting symptoms followed by fatigue and anorexia. Hepatosplenomegaly and pallor were the most common findings on clinical examination. Among patients with ALL, subtype L1 was the most common type. Among patients with acute myeloid leukemia, M2 and M3 subtypes were most commonly documented.


In the neutral mononuclear iridium(III) title complex, [Ir(C15H10N)2Cl(C5H5N)]·H2O, the Ir atom is coordinated by two N atoms and two C atoms from two 2-(quinolin-2-yl)phenyl ligands, one N atom from a pyridine ligand and one Cl atom in an octahedral geometry.


Objective:To explore the application of antibiotics to cardiac surgical procedures during perioperative period in Xijing Hospital affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University,and to elevate the levels of rational utilization of antibiotics.Methods:Utilization of antibiotics in 100 cases of type Ⅰ incision of cardiac operations from January to December in 2008 was retrospectively analyzed.Results:All patients were administered with antibiotics during perioperative period.The starting time of administration of antibiotics was not correct in 79 cases.The choice of antibiotics was not suitable in 4 patients.Treatment courses of antibiotics after the operation were irrational in 79 cases.Eight patients got nosocomial infection,and 2 cases had bacteria identified(25%).Conclusion:Irrational use of perioperative antibiotics,such as unsuitable starting time of giving antibiotics,prolonged preventive use of drug and low percentage of bacterial identification,exists in this hospital.It is necessary to strengthen the management and standardize administration of prophylactic use of antibiotics.


During the Mei-Yu season, when the surface front approaches and pre-frontal southwesterly flow intensifies, shallow and short-lived mesolows often form to the southeast of Taiwan on the leeside of the Central Mountain Range (CMR). Although they develop under similar synoptic settings, cases observed during the Taiwan Area Mesoscale Experiment (TAMEX) in 1987 still exhibited some case-to-case variations, particularly in the upstream Froude number (Fr) and the amount of windward-side precipitation. The present study selects two cases with more contrasting mesoscale characteristics for detailed examination, and differences found in their flow structure and associated features are discussed and compared with theoretical aspects. Results indicate that as long as Fr exceeds a certain value, two possible scenarios associated with relatively higher and lower Fr values can lead to formation of leeside mesolow through slightly different combination of processes. The case with a larger Fr (>0.5) on June 78 had a flow structure relatively more in favor of the "flow-over" regime under stronger prevailing winds. The airflow produced a large amount of precipitation at the windward side then sunk at the leeside together with parcels from higher levels. The adiabatic warming led to formation of the mesolow, which had no corresponding mesovortex most of the time with a higher Rossby number (Ro≈2), but small and localized vortices independent from the low might appear at other favorable spots near the terrain. The second TAMEX case (June 2) had smaller Fr (


The current study aim is identifying of relation between EQ and creativity of girl high school students of Baft city in academic year 2008-2009. To achieve the objective of the research, among 417 students, 214 of them were selected as sample group according to Morgan table stratified random method. The instruments used in this research are including Bar On emotional intelligence inventory and creativity inventory of Jamal Abedi. The research method is survey and Pearson's correlation component is used for data analysis. The results of the research show that considering significance level ( 01


The algorithm of machine learning of an automated subsystem of control of students' knowledge according to the test tasks of the computerized education system is considered. In this case, machine learning is carried out within the framework of information-extreme intellectual technology of data analysis, which is based on maximizing the information capacity of the system in the process of its improvement. The results of students' answers to test tasks were considered as signs of recognition, which were evaluated on a scale from 0 to 100. The algorithm of information-extreme machine learning with parallel-sequential optimization of the system of control tolerances on recognition signs was suggested. The lower control tolerance for recognition attributes, with a fixed upper control tolerance, was considered as an optimized machine learning parameter. In this case, quasi-optimal control tolerances on the signs of recognition, obtained in the process of parallel optimization, were used as the starting point for the implementation of a machine learning algorithm with sequential optimization. Kullback modified information measure, which is a function of the exact characteristics of classification decisions, was considered as an optimization criterion of machine learning characteristics. Since the specificity of knowledge control is that the class alphabet is structured, so the enclosed structure of container classes of recognition, which characterize the corresponding levels of knowledge, was considered. In this case, the enclosed structure was characterized by the general center of scattering of vector-realization classes of recognition. This structure, in contrast to polymodial containers of recognition classes, has allowed increasing of the efficiency of machine learning and the validity of decisive rules. The verification of the workability of the suggested algorithm for machine learning was carried out on the basis of a representative input matrix, which was formed on the basis of the student test results of the discipline.


Electrophilic trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-disubstituted ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates, RPhCH˭C(CN)CO2C2H5 (where R is 3-Br-4-CH3O, 5-Br-2-CH3O, 3-F-2- CH3, 3-F-4-CH3, 4-F-2-CH3, 4-F-3-CH3, 5-F-2-CH3, 2-Cl-5-NO2, 2-Cl-6-NO2, 4-Cl-3- NO2) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The monomers were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-disubstituted benzaldehydes and ethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene (M1) in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. The order of relative reactivity (1/r 1) for the monomers is 5-Br-2-CH3O (1.02) > 4-Cl-3-NO2 (0.93) > 3-F-4-CH3 (0.81) > 2-Cl-6-NO2 (0.77) > 2-Cl-5-NO2 (0.71) > 3-Br-4-CH3O (0.66) > 4-F-3-CH3 (0.60) > 3-F-2-CH3 (0.38) > 4-F-2-CH3 (0.31) > 5-F-2-CH3 (0.16). Relatively high Tg of the copolymers in comparison with that of polystyrene indicates a decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps, first in the 250–500°C range with residue (2–26% wt.), which then decomposed in the 500–800°C range.


Being motivated by the observation of an anomaly in the polarization of protons in $\ensuremath{\gamma}d\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{pn}$, we have investigated the possible existence of deeply bound dibaryon states. The nonrelativistic one-boson-exchange potential model ($\ensuremath{\pi}$, $\ensuremath{\eta}$, $\ensuremath{\rho}$, and $\ensuremath{\omega}$ exchanges) for two $\ensuremath{\Delta}$ isobars gives binding energies around 100 MeV for $I=0$, $J=3$, and $I=3$, $J=0$. Existence of this $I=0$ dibaryon resonance reproduces experimentally observed cross sections in the $I=0$, $\mathrm{NN}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ and $\mathrm{NN}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{NN}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ channels.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a study aimed at conceptualising and developing valid measurements for two key dimensions of product innovation performance‐efficacy and efficiency – in the context of firm competition.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from French biotechnology firms. Using structural equations modeling, the constructs' measurement models were tested and the scale was validated.Findings – The results of the study indicate that the operational measures developed here satisfy the criteria for unidimensionality, reliability, and validity.Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to innovation management research by providing a set of valid and reliable operational measures. These measures are expected to help researchers in theory testing. Because of the sample features, final results should be considered with caution.Practical implications – The proposed measurement scale for product innovation performance could be implemented a...


. This analysis deals with recommending the implementation of 5S in a jute mill in People's Republic of Bangladesh with the goal of resolution waste related issues whereas rising the productivity and potency of the mill. The main objective of this analysis is to cut back the number of waste and make an overview to carry out the day to day activity in any jute mill in Asian nation. Photographic views of problematic things wherever 5S is implemented to boost the situation are taken and the way those issues is resolved is suggested. The right situations during which every of the 5S steps is enforced area unit taken into issues. This analysis conjointly points out that 5S step needs to be implemented in right method. In a word this analysis deals with everything involved with implementing 5S in Aleem Jute Mill. Of all the actions that were suggested solely 2 were implemented by the employees and the management specifically using wastebin and red tags. Finally, by implementing solely those 2 steps the whole cycle time was reduced by 27 seconds.


Objective To investigate clinical effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system(LNG-IUS)combined with gonadotropin releasing agonist(GnRH-a)in the treatment of endometriosis. Methods 96 patients with endometriosis were divided into LNG-IUS group,GnRH-a group and combined group,each group of 32 cases.LNG-IUS and GnRH-a was used in LNG-IUS group and GnRH-a group respectively,and combined with two treatment methods were applied in combined group. Results 1 year clinical total effective rate of GnRH-a group and combined group was 100.0% respectively,significantly higher than that of LNG-IUS group respectively(87.5%)(P 0.05).2 years recurrence rate of GnRH-a group was 35.3%,significantly higher than that of LNG-IUS group(8.3%)and combined group(13.3%) respectively(P0.05),while 2 years recurrence rate of GnRH-a group compared with combined group had no statistical difference(P0.05).Follow-up of 1 year,bone mineral density of GnRH-a group and combined group compared with before treatment respectively,with statistical difference(P0.05).Follow-up of 2 year,bone mineral density of three groups compared with before treatment respectively,with no statistical difference(P0.05). Conclusion The integral effect of LNGIUS combined with GnRH-a in the treatment of endometriosis is more significant than when they are used alone,combination scheme can be used as a clinical choice in the treatment of endometriosis.


Sandra Christenson is Research Assistant and James Ysseldyke is Director, both, Institute for Research on Learning Disabilities, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455. Between October, 1976,1 and December, 1980, the number of students served in special education increased by nearly 600,000 from 3,586,804 to 4,185,076. This is an increase of nearly 17% in the number of students served. Recently, educators have expressed concern about, and debated the reasons for, this significant increase. At least four kinds of arguments are heard. The first argument is that Public Law 94-142 was intended to provide services for increased numbers of previously unserved students (Ballard & Zettel, 1977), and that under mandates for child find and delivery of services to individuals between 3 and 21 years of age, schools are finally beginning to serve all this nation's handicapped students. A second explanation is an economic one. In P.L. 94-142 it was argued that &dquo;Developments in the training of teachers and in diagnostic and instructional procedures and methods have advanced to the point that, given appropriate funding, State and local education agencies can and will provide effective special education and related services to meet the needs of handicapped students&dquo; (p. 776). Proponents of this explanation argue that an increase in the numbers of students served is a logical consequence of increased funding. A third explanation is one stressing that increasing numbers of students are experiencing home and family problems as well as withinstudent deficits, dysfunctions, and disabilities, and are in need of special education services. In 1979 the National Education Association


Aims:  To evaluate the influence of environmental parameters on the production of antibiotics (xenocoumacins and nematophin) by Xenorhabdus nematophila and enhance the antibiotic activity.


The invention discloses a prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device which comprises a telescopic objective set, an entrance slit, a collimating mirror, a beam splitter prism, a first way of imaging module, a second way of imaging module, a third way of imaging module, a control circuit and a computer controlling and image collecting and processing system. Three kinds of different spectrum images can be obtained at the same time through one beam splitter prism and three imaging light paths, multiplexing multi-spectral imaging is achieved, and feature images can be directly merged without subsequent image processing due to the high spectral resolution of the formed images. According to the prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device, only three kinds of spectrum images with different characteristics of the same scene target are received each time, the real-time performance of an imaging system is improved, and engineering application is facilitated. The prismatic decomposition multiplexing multi-spectral imaging device is simple in structure, characteristic multi-spectral combinations are conducted on a specific target conveniently so that fast detection and recognition can be achieved, various characteristic spectral combinations can be achieved, and therefore detection and recognition of disguise targets of various backgrounds of different season vegetations, deserts and water bodies can be achieved.


Historically, Second Amendment objections to firearm regulation did not present itself. Even upon objection, longstanding prohibitions on who may possess firearms, what type of firearms, and how and where possession occurs have been consistently upheld. Recently, a few circuit courts have introduced a "why" question of the necessity of arming for the bearer. These courts have placed more weight on the negative externalities of bearing arms than on law-abiding citizen's right to self-defense in public. Several circuit courts have held that the government can refuse to permit a law-abiding citizen to bear arms in public unless the citizen has a particularized reason why he or she needs a concealed firearm for self-defense. In contrast, sister circuit courts have held that the restrictions on bearing arms in public have gone too far when the burden is placed on law-abiding citizens to demonstrate why they need a firearm to ward off a specific dangerous person. Requiring this "why" veers far off from the longstanding prohibitions on possession in sensitive places and possession by those who have proven themselves dangerous to society. Law-abiding citizens have proven their right to bear arms by their conduct and these "why" restrictions conflict with their recognized right to be "armed and ready for offensive or defensive action in a case of conflict with another person." Nevertheless, several circuit courts continue to shift the burden away from the government proving it has the power to restrict a law-abiding citizen's rights. This shift has placed the burden on the shoulders of law-abiding citizens to prove they have the right to defend themselves. These courts ignore the implication of the Supreme Court's analysis that the constitutional right of armed self-defense is broader than the right to simply have a gun in one's home and that armed self-defense is the central component to Second Amendment rights. In spite of this, these courts have banned a large swath of law-abiding citizens from bearing arms in public, while not considering whether they could bear arms openly in their respective states. For although it was established in 1897 that a prohibition on carrying concealed weapons does not infringe upon Second Amendment rights, carrying arms was never considered a right that could be prohibited for the law-abiding. Nonetheless, the judiciary in general has justified restricting access to firearms in order to "promote public safety and eliminate negative externalities." The objective of the judiciary is to perform a balancing of individual liberties and negative externalities. However, when it comes to the bearing of arms by the law-abiding, the Second Amendment "is the very product of an interest balancing by the people" that the court should not "conduct anew." Therefore, outside of the "longstanding prohibitions on the possession of firearms by felons and the mentally ill, or laws forbidding the carrying of firearms in sensitive places," law-abiding citizens do not need a "why" to bear arms because the Constitution gives them the right to "judicial toleration of the negative externalities" of bearing arms in public.


In a series of recent cases, the New York courts have commented on the legislative acts of the state and local governments which have restricted or expanded the access to housing for limited income households or minorities. From these holdings, we can glimpse the outlines of a housing imperative: an emerging right running generally to low and moderate income households and minorities not to be excluded from living in any given community. As important, there also emerges the understanding that our legislators are empowered to act decisively to solve New York's much-lamented housing problem.


Leakage current is an indispensable basic parameter for sensing the insulation state of power equipment. To improve the reliability of sensing the insulation state of power equipment, it is first necessary to ensure that the measurement results of leakage current are accurate, stable and reliable. Leakage currents are usually measured using non-contact electromagnetic induction elements. The leakage current measurement of power equipment belongs to the precision measurement category of high voltage, strong magnetic field, and micro-current. Generally, it is at the μA level or mA level, which is easily disturbed by the external environment. To solve this problem, the magnetic field distribution, and the interference characteristics of external magnetic field on the working magnetic field of the micro-current sensing device are researched. The shielding effect of the shielding structure in the vicinity of the leakage current detection equipment under different schemes is further studied, and the optimal shielding structure was proposed. The research on the efficient shielding technology can provide theoretical basis for accurate measurement of leakage current.


Radio frequency interference (RFI) has great negative impact on the precision of the geophysical parameters retrieved from the microwave synthetic aperture interferometric measurements, so accurate localization of RFI sources is an important issue. In this paper, a method called near field localization based on virtual large aperture with compressed sensing is proposed to improve the localization accuracy and deal with the localization of weak RFI sources. By utilizing the movement of the platform and combing the measurements at different positions, a large virtual aperture can be formed, and the RFI sources are in the near field of the large virtual aperture, which is similar to the supersynthesis radiometer. The equation is established according to the concept, and based on the sparsity characteristic of RFI sources, compressed sensing technique is adopted to reconstruct the location of the RFI sources. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, numerical simulation and indoor prototype experiments are conducted, and preliminary results show the method can handle the problem.


Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone ketone)(SPEEKK) membranes with different degrees of sulfonation(DS) were successfully prepared via electrospinning method. The morphology of the resulted membranes varies from nanospheres to nanofibers with increasing the concentration of SPEEKK. The conductivities of the membranes prepared under the same condition increase with the DS increasing. The spherical morphological membranes with a DS of 1.2 show the highest proton conductivity, 0.55 S/cm, which is much higher than those of the membranes prepared via normal solution evaporation method. The results show that electrospinning is an efficient method to prepare high performance SPEEKK membranes with different morphologies.


Exploration and drilling rigs now being designed for use in the Beaufort Sea must withstand ice forces never before encountered. Design approaches include using the geometry of these structures to intercept and dissipate ice forces and transferring shear to the seabed soil by steel skirts, caissons or piles. Materials must be chosen carefully so that steel does not become brittle and concrete can withstand freeze-thaw attack. The structures must be capable of being moved to new locations. Three examples are provided.


The article considers constructive algorithms for creating compound curves using parametric cubic equations. The possibilities of modern computer technology and systems of computer mathematics make it possible to implement algorithms of graph analytics using fractional rational parametric equations of the fifth, seventh and higher orders. The article considers a constructive algorithm for creating a compound cubic curve passing through given points with direction vectors specified in these points. Direction vectors can be used for monitoring the shape of a constructed curve. At the junction points of the cubic curve segments, second order geometric flatness is ensured, due to the equicontinuity of the camber and curvature. The required curve is made sequentially by attaching a new segment to the previous segment. Each segment must comply with the same group of geometric conditions: frequency at boundary points, contact with direction vectors, fixed curvature at one or both boundary points. The article proposes a constructive algorithm for constructing a three-dimensional or flat cubic Hermite segment that satisfies this group of conditions. The problem of constructing a compound geometrically smooth curve boils down to sequential construction of cubic segments using the proposed algorithm. The method proposed in the article for constructing a smooth compound curve allows: to shape a spatial curve with a given curvature at the starting point; to construct a plane curve with given radii of curvature at the nodes (in particular, with zero curvature at the nodal points); insert a cubic segment into a break in a curved line; find a smooth (without a break in a curve) conjugation of curvilinear and rectilinear sections of the constructed line. A distinctive feature of the algorithm is the significant use of reference tools and design capabilities of three-dimensional computer graphics. All necessary actions are performed using a desktop calculator and any software product that supports three-dimensional graphics (Compass-3D, AutoCAD, etc.). Five transparent examples of constructing flat and spatial composite cubic curves of the second order of smoothness are considered.


This paper presents an optimization technique for optimal load shedding in power system known as Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFAO). Load shedding is done by removing a certain amount of loads at appointed locations of a bus system. By doing so, the stability of the system can be improved, as well as the total power losses. The objective functions of total power losses and voltage stability index values are used in determining the optimal load shedding in that particular system. In this research, the technique is implemented into IEEE 30-bus system. Simulations of BFAO proved that it can give a better result when compared to the base case values of total power losses, minimum voltage and voltage stability index values of that particular bus system.


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The analysis of the summary investigation results of a nonlinear process of generation of the laser frequency harmonic on the second-order susceptibility gratings photo-integrated in different consisted glass materials are presented. The basic attention is concentrated on the results of study of the properties of the frequency harmonic generation in oxide materials with the variations of the concentrations of the lead-oxide, the some elements of the first-five groups and the rare-earth elements. The influence of the variations of the chemical components on the formation of the photo-integrated second-order susceptibility gratings in investigated samples and also on the process of the frequency harmonic generation is analyzed.


On sun drying of freshly harvested chilli fruits for 10,15,20 and 25 days, the moisture level of the fruit was found to be 18.67 ,12.52,7 .28 and 4.05yo respectively. There appeared positive correlation with the moisture level ofthe fruit and its loss (%) in dry wt and that of capsaicin content on storage. Thus, maximum loss was recorded at 18.67% moisture and minimum at 4.05%. As the temperature of storage was raised, the loss in dry wt and capsaicin proportionately increased. The maximum loss was recorded at 300C and minimum at 100C. The value of O.D of pigments decreased with rise in the temperature of storage from l0 to 300C, and at a fixed temperature , their value decreased with rise in moisture level of the fruit. The loss in dry w, discoloration and capsaicin content and spore dust formation in the fruit stored in the laboratory were slightly less than that stored at 300C. As the temperature rose from 50 to 900C in case of oven drying, there was gradual decrease in moisture level, the pigment and capsaicin. The fruit lot smeared with oils possessed more pigment than without them. The effect of smearing the fruit lot with mahua and mustard oil appeared similar. The fruit lot drying for 15 days period possessed maximum concentration of these pigments and capsaicin.


A critical review of research on consumer attitudes toward energy conservation and on behavioral mechanisms that might encourage conservation is presented. The potential application of this research in two subject areas: utility report card billing and major conservation purchase decisions such as energy-efficient appliance purchases or household retrofits is described.


This article describes a doctoral program partnership between a university and a community college district that addresses the need of employment-planning strategies for building leadership capacity in the community college system. Succession planning information is provided as a foundational framework to plan for the next generation of community college leaders. University faculty members and administrators worked with community college leaders in a large community college district to reimagine the doctorate in educational leadership. The doctoral degree partnership program represents a joint effort to "grow-your-own" higher education leaders—leadership development within and internal to the community college arena—while providing a doctoral program of study, internship, and residency customized to a cohort of students. The attrition and retention of doctoral students in American graduate programs are noted, with completion indicators identified from the literature. The voices of doctoral students in the partnership program are shared, and recommendations regarding the model program and partnership are provided to inform future decisions. Implications for practice and the future conclude the article.


Non-uniform electrokinetic remediation is a promising technology under development. It does not disturb the natural environment during remediation and save energy at the same time. In this study, the mobilization and its affecting factors of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in sandy loam soil and light clay by non-uniform electrokinetics was investigated, through bench-scale experiments, to assess the feasibility of using non-uniform electrokinetic technology to remediate 2,4-DCP-contaminated soils. The results showed that non-uniform electrokinetic transport processes can effectively stimulate the desorption and movement of 2,4-DCP in the tested soils, depending upon the soil characteristics, the electrolysis reaction on electrodes and the operation mode. The movement of 2,4-DCP in the sandy loam towards the anode was about 1.0?cm·d~(-1) under a potential gradient of 1.0?V·cm~(-1), about 1.0~1.5?cm·d~(-1) slower than that in the light clay. Electromigration and electroosmotic flow were the main driving forces for the movement of 2,4-DCP, but electromigration played a predominant role in the mobilization, especially under higher pH condition or over extended treatment time. When the sandy loam was adjusted to pH 9.3, the movement of 2,4-DCP towards the anode was about five times greater than that at pH 7.7. Electrolysis of pore fluids on electrodes influenced soil pH and the ionization of 2,4-DCP, and induced the changes in the mobilization of 2,4-DCP, depending upon the acid-base buffering capacity and zeta potential of the tested soils. In addition, the movement of 2,4-DCP in the soils can be regulated by the operation mode. It is believed that non-uniform electrokinetics has the potential for practical application in the remediation of 2,4-DCP contaminated soils.


In this paper, a fixed size least square - supported vector machine (LS-SVM) algorithm is proposed to estimate the state of health (SOH) of the lithium-ion battery. First, the battery constant current discharging voltage profiles are analyzed and partial discharge curve that can be employed to describe the attenuation of the battery's SOH are extracted, and the suitable voltage range is analyzed. The discharging time is regarded as the input variable of the model. Then the fixed size LS-SVM algorithm is employed, and the corresponding support vector is selected according to Renyi entropy. The model parameters are optimized based on Bayes framework. Experimental results validate that the new method proposed in this paper can effectively track the aging of batteries. Compared with the traditional supported vector machine (SVM), the fixed size LS- SVM requires only 10 support vectors to achieve the desirable SOH estimation.


The excavation-induced lateral soil movement may adversely affect any nearby pile foundation systems.A two-stage method is used to determine the additional bending moments and deflections on pile foundations.Firstly,the free field soil movement is used as the input to acquire the lateral differential governing equation of a single pile based on the Winkler subgrade model and deformation compatibility condition.Then,the shielding effect due to pile-soil-pile interaction is considered by the simplified Mindlin's equation.The pile group governing equations are obtained at last and are solved by the finite difference method.Comparisons are made between the observed behaviors of centrifugal model tests and those computed by the proposed method.


Objective To determine the effect of erenumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), headache impact, and disability in patients with chronic migraine (CM). Methods In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 667 adults with CM were randomized (3:2:2) to placebo or erenumab (70 or 140 mg monthly). Exploratory endpoints included migraine-specific HRQoL (Migraine-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire [MSQ]), headache impact (Headache Impact Test–6 [HIT-6]), migraine-related disability (Migraine Disability Assessment [MIDAS] test), and pain interference (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Pain Interference Scale short form 6b). Results Improvements were observed for all endpoints in both erenumab groups at month 3, with greater changes relative to placebo observed at month 1 for many outcomes. All 3 MSQ domains were improved from baseline with treatment differences for both doses exceeding minimally important differences established for MSQ–role function-restrictive (≥3.2) and MSQ–emotional functioning (≥7.5) and for MSQ–role function-preventive (≥4.5) for erenumab 140 mg. Changes from baseline in HIT-6 scores at month 3 were −5.6 for both doses vs −3.1 for placebo. MIDAS scores at month 3 improved by −19.4 days for 70 mg and −19.8 days for 140 mg vs −7.5 days for placebo. Individual-level minimally important difference was achieved by larger proportions of erenumab-treated participants than placebo for all MSQ domains and HIT-6. Lower proportions of erenumab-treated participants had MIDAS scores of severe (≥21) or very severe (≥41) or PROMIS scores ≥60 at month 3. Conclusions Erenumab-treated patients with CM experienced clinically relevant improvements across a broad range of patient-reported outcomes. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02066415. Classification of evidence This study provides Class II evidence that for patients with CM, erenumab treatment improves HRQoL, headache impact, and disability.


In order to study the immunogenic and protective effects of DNA vaccine,plasmid DNA encoding flagellin flaC gene(designated as pcDNA-flaC)was used as a DNA vaccine to immunize red snapper(Lutjanus sanguineus).The distribution,expression and immunoprotection of the DNA vaccine were analyzed in tissues of the red snapper by PCR,RT-PCR and challenge test.PCR results indicated that pcDNA-flaC was distributed in liver,spleen,kidney,gill and injection site muscle at 7-28 days after vaccination.RT-PCR results indicated that the flaC gene was expressed in all above tissues of vaccinated fish at 7-28 days after vaccination.These results demonstrated that the DNA vaccine was distributed and flaC gene was expressed in various tissues of vaccinated fish.Red snapper immunized with DNA vaccine showed higher serum antibody levels at 7-28 days after vaccination,compared to fish vaccinated with the control eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 and PBS.In addition,fish immunized with DNA vaccine developed a protective response to live V.alginolyticus challenge 28 days post-inoculation,as demonstrated by increased survival of vaccinated fish over the control fish.This study indicates that pcDNA-flaC is an effective vaccine candidate against V.alginolyticus infection.


The proportion of renewable energy in the power supply structure of Shandong power grid is increasing day by day. Thermal power units inevitably face deep-peak shaving and frequent-peak shaving. The problem of thermal power contradiction is prominent when thermal power units are heating in winter, which has a negative impact on the security and stability of power grid and the consumption of renewable energy. Traditional thermoelectric decoupling technology has some problems such as narrow load adjustment range and poor overall energy utilization efficiency. A scheme of adding flue gas-water heat exchanger is proposed to supplement the traditional IP cylinder extraction technology for heating. According to the calculation, the minimum electric power of flue gas heating mode is significantly lower than that of traditional heating mode under small heating demand, and the maximum and minimum electric power of hybrid heating mode are better than that of traditional heating mode under the same heating demand, and the maximum heating capacity under the mixed heating mode is significantly increased, which can improve the operation flexibility of the unit and enhance the thermoelectric decoupling ability of the unit.


The conformational disorder compatible with the highly extended chains found in mesomorphic poly(ethylene terephthalate) has been studied by Monte Carlo calculations on model oligomers confined inside cylindrical tubes. The distribution of torsional angles for such extended chains is characterized by OCCO bonds being always in the trans domain, while the COCC bonds show an approximately similar probability of being found in trans and gauche states, the probability maxima being centered at 90° and −90° in the latter cases. At variance with the torsional angles of the OCCO and the ester bonds, always very close to 180°, the distributions for all other torsional angles show flat and broad probability maxima, indicating the possibility of substantial deviations from the average value inside each domain. This is also true for the fictitious OC˙˙˙CO bonds across the phenylene rings, for which a nearly trans geometry is preferred in extended conformations.


The number of people living in the United Kingdom (UK) with dementia is rising. Having a caring role can have a huge impact on well-being, quality of life, and finances, yet without  support from informal carers, people with dementia would be dependent upon health and social care services, and government costs would be increased greatly. In 2015 the University of Leeds was awarded funding by the Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health Research to carry out a three year project to develop a new questionnaire for measuring the quality of lives of individuals caring for someone with dementia. The study, called DECIDE (Dementia Carers Instrument Development) was led by the University of Leeds, alongside researchers from universities across the England and Wales. The measure, SIDECAR (Scales  measuring the Impact of DEmentia on CARers) will be brief and easy to complete making it useful in individual carer assessment as well as being used to inform service planning and potentially in service valuation. The project was undertaken in two stages. Stage one: A carer interview study to investigate the fundamental human needs of carers and using this information to develop potential items for SIDECAR (qualitative data). Stage two: Asking carers from across England and Wales to complete the items generated from stage one on three occasions along with other questionnaires and sociodemeographic information (quantitative data). These data were used to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of SIDECAR. The data used to develop the questionnaire will be available to researchers until September 2023 . The quantitative and qualitative data are available through "Related resources" below. The quantitative data is openly available through DOI http://doi.org/10.5518/432. The qualitative data is available through DOI http://doi.org/10.5518/375 which will provide a summary and a link to request access.


The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) learning process, proposed by the Bologna Declaration, is based on a competences model. Therefore, the teaching process, including the evaluation, must be designed and developed according to the competences that the students need to acquire. This paper presents a teaching innovation project which is the continuation of a previous experience in the use of rubrics to assess competences in Higher Education. In the previous project, we noticed some weaknesses. The students did not consider the rubric until the assessment moment and rubrics were limited used by students to self-monitoring their learning process contributing to their teaching responsibility and to self-evaluate their work quality and possible improvement. The teachers lacked experience and skills to create and develop rubrics to assess competences limiting the alignment of the evaluation with the teaching-learning process. Finally, it was observed a limited participation of all the involved in the evaluation process. In order to overcome these issues the present project aims to develop a validated use of rubrics to assess competences in Higher Education. In doing so, the following methodology in four steps was developed. In the first step, the teachers collected criteria and indicators for the assessment of competences in Higher Education, in our case for Agricultural Engineering degrees and Masters. In the second step, the students scored the criteria at the beginning of the semester in order to consider the rubric from the first moment of the teaching process. In the third step, the teachers discussed the indicators and criteria and create the rubric. In the fourth step the rubrics were implemented by teachers during the evaluation process and the students scored their level of acquisition of competences. Finally, the teachers discussed and compared data giving feedback to the rubrics for the assessment of competences. The results of the innovation learning experience showed an improvement in i) the alignment of the evaluation with the teaching-learning process, ii) the participation of all the involved the evaluation process, iii) the students´ self-monitoring of their learning process contributing to their teaching responsibility, iv) the students self-evaluation measuring their work quality and possible improvement.


A Recommended system or a Recommendation system is a subclass of information filtering system that seeks to predict the "rating" or "preference" a user would give to an item. Collaborative Filtering Algorithm is one of the techniques in recommendation systems, which we use in our daily life. It is a method of making automatic predictions by collecting users taste, interest and grouping them into one similar category. In this paper, collaborative filtering algorithm based on user interest and rating difference is proposed. Initially rating difference factor is added to the traditional algorithm. In the second step, user interest will be calculated. And in the final, both the rating difference and user similarity are weighted together to


Antibody formation to sheep red blood cells and the development of contact dermatitis in response to dinitrochlorobenzene are impaired in hypophysectomized (Hypo-X) rats. Rat prolactin, rat growth hormone, bovine prolactin, bovine growth hormone, human placental lactogen and human growth hormone all restored the immunological competence of Hypo-X animals. The possible mechanism of action of these hormones on immune reactions is discussed.


Today's metro networks have evolved from the need to support traditional voice and private line services and were optimized to support time division multiplexing (TDM) services. However, the growth of private line services is dominated by the access (also called "backhaul") to packet switches that provides frame relay, ATM, IP and Ethernet services. This paper provides a coherent architectural vision for metro access networks, which the author calls the packet-aware transport network (PATN). The PATN is designed to support the packet and TDM transport within metro areas in a scalable manner, and interfaces the inter-city packet and TDM transport backbone networks. Since the PATN supports the IETF pseudo-wire encapsulation (PWE) schemes for all packet access traffic, it is synergistic with the move towards a converged MPLS-based multi-service packet backbone network.


U.S. National Park Service (NPS) units ("parks") are important components in a system of reserves that protect biodiversity and other natural and cultural resources. To meet the NPS mission to manage resources so they are left "...unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations" (16 USC 1) it is essential to know what resources occur in parks and to monitor the status and trends in the condition of key resource indicators. The NPS Inventory and Monitoring Program (I&M; see Table 2.1 for a list of acronyms) was designed to provide the infrastructure and staff to identify critical environmental indicators ("vital signs") and to implement long-term monitoring of natural resources in more than 270 parks that contain significant natural resources (Fancy et al. 2009). The 270+ parks are organized into 32 ecoregional Networks (Figure 2.1). Each of the 32 I&M Networks consists of core professional staff (program manager, data manager, ecologists, field technicians, etc), and each I&M Network supports monitoring in parks within the Network.


We propose a novel solution to addressing a long-standing dilemma in the representation learning of graph neural networks (GNNs): how to effectively capture and represent useful information embedded in long-distance nodes to improve the performance of nodes with low homophily without leading to performance degradation in nodes with high homophily. This dilemma limits the generalization capability of existing GNNs. Intuitively, interactions with distant nodes introduce more noise for a node than those with close neighbors. However, in most existing works, messages being passed among nodes are mingled together, which is inefficient from a communication perspective. Our solution is based on a novel, simple, yet effective aggregation scheme, resulting in a ladder-style GNN architecture, namely LADDER-GNN. Specifically, we separate messages from different hops, assign different dimensions for them, and then concatenate them to obtain node representations. Such disentangled representations facilitate improving the information-to-noise ratio of messages passed from different hops. To explore an effective hop-dimension relationship, we develop a conditionally progressive neural architecture search strategy. Based on the searching results, we further propose an efficient approximate hop-dimension relation function to facilitate the rapid configuration of the proposed LADDER-GNN. We verify the proposed LADDER-GNN on seven diverse semi-supervised node classification datasets. Experimental results show that our solution achieves better performance than most existing GNNs. We further analyze our aggregation scheme with two commonly used GNN architectures, and the results corroborate that our scheme outperforms existing schemes in classifying low homophily nodes by a large margin.


In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy problem for both linear and semi-linear elliptic equations. In general, the equations have the form where is a positive-definite, self-adjoint operator with compact inverse. As we know, these problems are well known to be ill-posed. On account of the orthonormal eigenbasis and the corresponding eigenvalues related to the operator, the method of separation of variables is used to give the solution in series representation. Thereby, we propose a modified method and show error estimations in many accepted cases. For illustration, two numerical examples, a modified Helmholtz equation and an elliptic sine-Gordon equation, are constructed to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.


The standing requirements under the Constitutions of the Commonwealth Caribbean require an applicant to allege a contravention of the Bills of Rights 'in relation to him', so he must be personally affected. This would exclude lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex organisations from initiating constitutional challenges for which legal challenge by personally affected individuals are unlikely. This article will explore the scope of the supreme law clause in these constitutions, which provide that the constitution is the supreme law and any law inconsistent with it is void to the extent of its inconsistency, as an interpretative tool for the standing requirement and as a standalone redress clause.


The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of organizational culture, personality, and trust toward organizational commitment of outlet leader in Bank Negara Indonesia, Regional Office, Senayan Jakarta. The study was conducted on organizational commitment of 98 outlet leaders selected from the target population of outlet leaders using a quantitative approach with path analysis method. Hypothesis testing shows: (1) organizational culture has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment; (2) personality has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment; (3 trust has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment; (4) organizational culture has a direct positive effect on trust: (5) personality has a direct positive effect on trust (6) organizational culture has a direct positive effect on the personality: To improve the commitment of the organization of outlet leaders in Bank Negara Indonesia, the Regional Office of Senayan Jakarta. It needs to be enhanced organizational culture, personality and trust


The increase in the occurrence of extreme weather events in recent decades is a strong evidence of climate change. In semiarid regions, where the pressure of desertification has intensified, are expected to decrease in the availability of water and higher occurrence of drought periods, and, consequently, effects on physiological response of plants. Thus, the objective of analyzing the impacts of climate change scenarios on the duration of phenological cycle and water demand of forage sorghum and cowpea, grown in the State of Pernambuco. Monthly values were used normal climatological solar brightness, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed of ten municipalities. It was considered an increase of 1.8° C (B2 Scenario) and 4.0° C (A1F1 Scenario) on air temperature and a decrease of 5.0% of the absolute values of relative humidity, in addition to the 22% increase in stomatal resistance and 4% in leaf area index. Based on this information were generated three scenarios: current situation and future projections for B2, A1F1. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física vol. 08, número especial (IV SMUD), (2015) 542-559.


Large language models (LLMs) have gained enormous attention from both academia and industry, due to their exceptional ability in language generation and extremely powerful generalization. However, current LLMs still output unreliable content in practical reasoning tasks due to their inherent issues (e.g., hallucination). To better disentangle this problem, in this paper, we conduct an in-depth investigation to systematically explore the capability of LLMs in logical reasoning. More in detail, we first investigate the deficiency of LLMs in logical reasoning on different tasks, including event relation extraction and deductive reasoning. Our study demonstrates that LLMs are not good reasoners in solving tasks with rigorous reasoning and will produce counterfactual answers, which require us to iteratively refine. Therefore, we comprehensively explore different strategies to endow LLMs with logical reasoning ability, and thus enable them to generate more logically consistent answers across different scenarios. Based on our approach, we also contribute a synthesized dataset (LLM-LR) involving multi-hop reasoning for evaluation and pre-training. Extensive quantitative and qualitative analyses on different tasks also validate the effectiveness and necessity of teaching LLMs with logic and provide insights for solving practical tasks with LLMs in future work.


[1] A new 30 MHz coherent scatter ionospheric radar has been operating at the equatorial station at São Luı́s (2.33 S, 44 W, dip latitude 1.3 S), Brazil, since December 2000. This VHF radar has a peak power of only 8 kW but uses long coded pulses and a high PRF with coherent integration to achieve good sensitivity. Two side-by-side square antenna arrays composed of 16 5-element Yagi antennas directed vertically are used for transmission and reception. This radar measures the backscattered signals from E and F region ionospheric irregularities. In the standard operational mode, the irregularity intensity, as well as the vertical and zonal velocities using Doppler analysis and interferometry, respectively, are determined. We initially present a brief description of the radar system, signal characteristics and data processing, followed by some of the initial observations. Electrojet echoes ranged from about 94 to 108 km in altitude with the strongest echoes coming from about 104 km and with an uplift to about 110 km occurring in the late afternoon. Echoes from the valley region (150 km echoes) were strong, quasiperiodic with periods of about 10 to 15 minutes, and had the necklace shape observed at others sites. F region bottom-type, bottomside, and topside (plumes) spread F layers were observed at night. The large-scale topside F region plumes, moving eastward and upward, reached altitudes of about 1,400 km and were preceded by bottom-type layers around 400 km altitude that were moving westward. The characteristics of the echoes were similar to those observed by the JULIA radar at Jicamaca, Peru. However, some differences in the behavior of the echoes between the two sites were noted.


In support of phase a work on the proposed hyperspectral environment and resource observer (HERO) mission, the sensitivity of the results obtained from a common hyperspectral analysis technique, linear spectral unmixing, to a spectrally dependent error in the radiometric calibration of the hyperspectral data is investigated. Two ground-based mineral reflectance spectra are selected as spectral endmembers and combined linearly to give five different mixtures. The MODTRAN atmospheric correction model, as implemented in the imaging spectrometer data analysis system (ISDAS), is used to convert these ground-based reflectance spectra to top-of- atmosphere (TOA) radiance. The resulting mixed spectra are then subjected to a randomly generated spectral gain error (SGE). This is repeated a statistically significant number of times to produce a simulated dataset for each of the five mineral combinations. By varying the magnitude of the introduced SGE, several simulated datasets are produced representing different levels of relative calibration accuracies in the spectral domain. The simulated TOA data sets are then converted back to ground-based reflectance, once again using MODTRAN. Linear constrained spectral unmixing is then applied to each of the simulated datasets. Each of the original mixtures results in a distribution of fractions, the width of which is dependent on the magnitude of the SGE applied to the data set providing the relationship between the unmixing error and the SGE. A specification of the acceptable error in the unmixing results then dictates the required level of accuracy in the spectral gain calibration. The relationship between the SGE and the error in the unmixing results is shown to be directly proportional.


Academic freedom and institutional autonomy, from all its edges, are not a privilege. Responsible university autonomy is a condition for the development of each institution of higher education and of the country itself. Today there is a debate about what should be the University of the 21st century in Ecuador and what role or roles should be adopted, depending on the autonomy, to each of the actors of the Higher Education System (SES).


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare various inventory policies and their effect on various performance metrics at different levels of a multi stage supply chain. Later the model is integrated to include optimization of entire supply chain through implementation of collaborative supply chain model. Design/methodology/approach – Alternative inventory policies have been developed at different echelons and a comparison reflecting the usability on various factors such as inventory level, inventory cost and service level is presented so as to support the decision-making process. Various inventory policies such as economic order quantity, periodic ordering (T, M) and stock to demand have been considered. Along with the basic assumptions; lead time, demand variability, variability in demand during lead time, stock out costs have also been included to make the model more applicable to practical situations. Findings – After the selection of most appropriate inventory policy at each level through a dec...


Ship License Numbers (SLNs) play a significant role in intelligent waterway transportation systems. However, there is a dearth of published papers concerning the location of SLNs. In this paper, we present an effective coarse-to-fine approach for locating various SLNs. The proposed method contains four main steps. First, for ships in the wild, the coarse problem of locating SLNs is posed as the detection of specific text groups. In this phase, the proximity and similarity laws of Gestalt Theory are collaboratively used to create text-group hypotheses and detect the meaningful region groups that may contain text in input images. In the second step, four SLN prior features are first summarized. An SLN prior-based fine location process is then conducted to determine the locations of text candidates that actually contain characters and text, i.e., the candidate SLNs. Two connected component classification and merging algorithms are proposed based on height continuity and vertical/horizontal projection analysis. Third, a connected-component scatter-based fake-SLN elimination algorithm is developed. The accurate positions of the SLNs in the input image are obtained in this stage. Finally, partially located SLNs are compensated by a method that characterizes the color and brightness similarity features of characters in the same SLN. The proposed approach is then applied to two collected datasets. The approach is proved to be effective with an overall ship-level location accuracy of 70.38% and a SLN-level F-measure of 0.642 on 950 images with 1374 labeled SLNs.


Total anonmlons puhnonary venous return (TAPVR) occurs when the left atrium and primordial puhnonary vein bud fail to unite with the venous plexus that surrounds the lung buds at approximately the end of the first month of gestation. The connection between the puhnonary venous plexus and the splanchhie venous system persists and usually becomes tile only route of venous drainage for tile lung after birth. In tile infracardiac type of TAPVR, the pulmonary veins join a single collector that courses directly dorsal to the left atrium, separated from the atrium by the pericardium (Fig 1). The puhnonary venous collector continues inferiorly, penetrating the diaphragm at the esophageal hiatus to join, most commonly, the portal vein and right atrium via the ductus vcnosus. Less commonly, the venous collector joins the inferior vena cava (IVC) or, rarely, tile gastric vein. In most neonates, obstruction of puhnonary venous return then occurs when the ductus venosus begins to close shortly after birth, and pulmonary venous return must pass through the hepatic parenehyma before entering tile right atrium. Because tile pulmonary veins do not connect to the left atrium, tile only inflow to tile left atrimn and ventricle must cross tllrough tile foramen ovale. Frequently in TAPVR the size (volmne) of left atrium and ventricle are at tile lower limit of normal. The left atrium is particularly hypoplastic, because a significant part of what comprises the left atrial cavity ori~nates from tile fusion of the puhnonary vein trunk to tile. atrium. The left ventricle can also appear quite small, particularly when there is puhnonary hypertension from pulmonary venous obstruction, because tile interventricular septum shifts posteriorly, decreasing the left ventricular end-diastolic volume. Because all of the inflow to tile left ventricle must cross the foramen ovale, tile snlall and poorly compliant left ventricle nmy not receive sufficient inflow to maintain normal systemic output. These infants frequently present with signs of puhnonary edema from venous obstruction, as well as low cardiac output with hypoperfnsion and metabolic acidosis.


The principal rules governing the variation in the pre-exponential factor in reactions involving the abstraction of hydrogen by atoms and radicals are examined using the activated complex theory. 205 references.


The invention discloses a solvent type double-component transparent anti-graffiti dirt-resistant anti-weathering coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating can be used for surfaces of decorative bricks, ceramic surfaces, mosaic layers, metals and color paint coatings of structures such as bus stops, sidewalks and public facilities for protecting long-life surfaces, prevents graffiti and dirt, and is easy to remove painted ink of marking pens, sprayed paints, crayon marks, pasted adlets, chewing gum, dust and scale, and the like.


Physiological changes during pregnancy and COVID-19 may affect one another. This report presents a 37-year-old female G4P10021 with gestational age 37+2 weeks infected with COVID-19 in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. The patient was diagnosed with antepartum hemorrhage due to total placenta previa with low-risk Morbidly Adherent Placenta score, a history of cesarean section, and ovarian cyst. The patient underwent conversion from spinal anesthesia to general anesthesia. Within 40 min after spinal anesthesia, the patient complained shortness of breath, which then worsened into decreased consciousness and inadequate spontaneous breathing. This may be complicated by the COVID-19 infection which has several effects on pregnancy.


1 Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, 2 Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China, 3 Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China, 4 Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States


Semi-active control systems enjoy growing interest in the field of vibration damping in recent years [1]. This phenomenon was caused by the recognition of their advantages over passive and active damping strategies. Passive systems are characterized by the inability to adapt to changes of external conditions which affect the structure. This issue limits their applicability to systems subjected during their working time to loads of well-known and undiversified characteristics. Active systems allow to avoid the limitations of the passive ones. Utilization of the actuators, sensors and a controller lets the control system adapt in real time to changing external conditions. Despite the tremendous advantages of using the actuators for vibration damping, there is a very important drawback associated with this type of control systems. External control forces introduced to the controlled structure can achieve large magnitudes, which may lead to instabilities and consequently to its destruction. Semi-active systems combine the advantages of both, passive and active systems: they do not introduce notable forces to the structure and adjust to variable environmental conditions. This justifies the rapidly growing popularity of the semi-active damping systems. This research adopts the idea of complex, semi-actively controlled nodes which can change in a controllable way their behavior from a frame-like state to a truss-like state. This means that they can either transmit moments (in the frame-like state) or not transmit it (in the truss-like state). Incorporation of this type of nodes into a frame structure allows for its semi-active control in such a way that enables a very efficient mitigation of vibrations [2]. The proposed algorithm utilizes measurements of the locally accumulated potential energy, what makes it a very good tool, both for global and local vibration damping. Local reconfiguration of the controlled structure can cause global changes of its behavior, which can lead to vibration suppression. Local energy measurements provide also the opportunity to utilize local damping mechanisms. Combination of these two damping methods yields very good results for a wide spectrum of working conditions of the structure. A properly developed control algorithm has been proved to be effective for different mode shapes used as the initial deformation of the elementary frame structure [3]. In this work, the algorithm is used to mitigate continuous forced vibration caused by variable external conditions. It is demonstrated that it is possible to achieve satisfactory reduction of strain energy and vibration amplitude. [1] Hurlebaus S, Gaul L. Smart structure dynamics. Mech Syst Signal Pr 20:255-281, 2006. [2] Mroz A, Holnicki-Szulc J, Biczyk J. Prestress Accumulation-Release technique for damping of impactborn vibrations: Application to self-deployable structures. Math Probl Eng, article id 720236, 2015. [3] B. Poplawski, G. Mikułowski, A. Mroz, K. Sekuła, Ł. Jankowski, A decentralized strategy of structural reconfiguration in mitigation of vibrations, X Int'l Conf. on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN 2017. Support of the National Science Centre, Poland, granted through the project Ad-DAMP (DEC-2014/15/B/ST8/04363) , is gratefully acknowledged. * corresponding author: email@example.com


An innovative capable person can't come out without teacher's innovative demonstration in class, which demands teachers' abilities of discovery, re-organization and creation during the classroom teaching. Teachers should make a full theory frame in their teaching general design. When dealing with a text, teachers should ask students questions.In the teaching process, teachers may made students understood by using analogy.


This study was primarily aimed at detecting dribbling techniques, used in the European Championship in Poland, their frequency and efficiency. Secondary goal of the research was to explain the game of basketball in offense in a more exact way according to the analyzed technical and tactical dribbling activities. In the sample of eight games four variables were observed: time of using dribble, different starts of dribble, dribble course and dribble finish. Observation protocol was applied on each game and on each player separately. According to the acquired data it can be concluded that eight games at the 2009 European Championship in Poland were dominated by the dribbling technique which was characterized by crossover step, in which cross over dribble was most used and most frequent finish was in passing after stop. When it comes to the time of using dribble, it is evident that all the observed teams had almost the same time of using dribble, but that also the time of using dribble partly affected final placement, because the teams which used it the least played in the finals , Spain 31.28 minutes and Serbia 32.28 minutes. The team that used dribbling the least became the champion, and that was the team of Spain.


And oil or fat, to a mixture of alcohol and water, in some cases to dissolve the oil or fat, by the action of lipase, separating the oil or fat, or worked as a biocatalyst to produce the ester optionally natural a method and apparatus for the oil and fat to obtain a fatty acid or fatty acid ester, the reaction mixture thereby formed to separate into an aqueous phase and an organic phase comprising glycerin, centrifuge used to self-release We, the intermediate layer is accumulated in a centrifuge comprising a lipase which can be between the organic phase leaving the aqueous phase leaving, be adjusted to the centrifuge is emptied to a predetermined time, the time the centrifuge back into the separation or selective combined separation / ester formation process drum contents are combined.


In the modern era of education, the latest technology used in teaching and learning process is Smart class. Information communication technology is a new, resourceful and highly effectual in education. In this process of teaching happens through various digital instructional tools, animated videos, modules online videos and latest software has made the students in love with to improve their performance. This paper highlights on the much growing digitalized class and software used in smart class. The use of this modern technology has its advantages and disadvantages but then also it is welcomed by the pupils in a vast manner Key Words: Smart class, Software, ECCE Policy


An inverted pendulum presents a typical problem of controlling a nonlinear multivariable system. In the paper a discussion is presented of inverted pendulum control by a neural network. The neutral network learns a control law through the trial and error method. In the simulation and actual system, it was possible to invert the pendulum stably at the target position after some trial and error.<<ETX>>


The main aim of this paper is to discuss some influential approaches to political thought in Xenophon's Anabasis within the field of Political Science, especially within the United States, where the influence of Leo Strauss' writings on Xenophon has been powerful. It starts by discussing a number of features shared by these discussions, notably a strong idealisation of Xenophon's wisdom and accuracy; a lack of interest in the conditions under which Xenophon wrote; a pro-Hellenic perspective; and a tendency to innovative (and often allegorical) literary explication. It then discusses the two most important themes treated by Strauss and his followers, Xenophon's piety and philosophy and politics. It argues that Straussian exegesis introduces anachronistic conceptions while neglecting the narrative dynamics of the text. The final section sets out briefly some ways of exploring Xenophon's relationship to other currents in Greek political thought.


The Smart Grid is the core of a modern power system that invested renewable energy and towards the promotion of sustainable engineering techniques. Photovoltaic systems are considered to be one of the most important renewable energy sources. To reduce the crisis in other energy resources, it makes the PV system grow rapidly. LoRa is the technique that represents the meaning of the internet of things (IoT). It is the far distance lower dissipated energy techniques that are used for communication. It is sponsored as the primary solution for the Internet of Things (IoT). The technology is suitable for devices that require a narrow bandwidth and low battery charging. In this manuscript, a new method that relies on LoRa technology is considered to be used to observe the photovoltaic system that feeds the grid. And improve and maximize the effectiveness of renewable energy. The optimum operating point is located in the photovoltaic voltage curve of the solar cell, called the maximum power point tracking (MPP). It varies in a nonlinear pattern, varying with solar cell characteristics, temperature, and changes in solar incandescent. In recent years, more methods have been developed to obtain the optimal value of MPP, one of which is based on Extremum-Seeking Control (ESC) operation. This paper displays various optimisation methods. The results show that this system is effective concerning the circumstances around the system and gives accurate results with minimal error .the advantage of this system to monitor and control the remote place without having to visit the generation region.