It is important to tactical use of MMW (Millimeter Wave) active decoys. According to the features of MMW radar guided missile, two acting modes of MMW radar decoy are put forward for scanning-search and target-tracking stage. The action mechanism and disturbance effect are analyzed, as well as key technology including the disturbance frequency, disturbance power and multi-decoy mutual disturbance. The analysis shows that according to the situation of battle field throwing the MMW radar decoy reasonably can protect target effectively.


The electric power industry is one of the major industries in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and it is necessary to explore low-carbon green power generation models. In recent years, more research has focused on the difference in carbon emissions in fossil energy versus renewable energy but ignored the impact of energy on human well-being. The life cycle assessment (LCA) method is a better method for assessing the impact of the low-carbon model on human well-being. In this paper, the carbon footprints of coal power plants and photovoltaic power (PV) plants generating 1 Kilowatt hour (kWh) of electricity are compared to analyze the degree of carbon emissions at different stages of the two models, and the environmental impact potential of the two models is analyzed using the LCA method. The differences between the two models in terms of human well-being were analyzed through questionnaires and quantified using the hierarchical analysis method. The impact of the different models on human well-being was compared using LCA method. The results of the study were as follows: the total CO2 emissions from coal-fired power generation at the 1 kWh standard were 973.38 g, while the total CO2 emissions from PV power generation were 91.95 g, and the carbon emission intensity of coal-fired power plants was higher than that of PV power plants. The global warming potential and eutrophication potential of coal-fired power plants were higher than those of PV power plants, and the rest of the indicators were lower than those of PV power plants. The composite human well-being index of PV power plants was 0.613 higher than that of coal-fired power plants at 0.561. The per capita income–global warming potential of PV power plants was higher than that of coal-fired power plants, indicating that PV power plants were a low carbon-emission and high well-being model. In conclusion, the PV power plant model is a low-carbon and high human well-being industrial model that is worthy of application in the Qilian Mountains region. The low-carbon industrial model proposed in this study can have a positive effect on regional ecological environmental protection and human well-being enhancement.


An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed to receive power wirelessly from a wireless power transmission apparatus. A power receiving unit comprises: a core which is formed in a predetermined length and which includes a magnetic flux concentration portion in a side portion in the length direction; and a coil which is wound along the outer periphery of the core to form more than a certain size of the magnetic flux density in the magnetic flux concentration portion.


There are 12 round holes circumferencially equispaced on the axle housing cast,being in need of radial multiple core pulling.Therefor a particular die casting mould for the axle housing cast was designed.A dissertation is made on the structure characteristics and the operating principle of the die casting mould.The dog-leg cam,figure plate and slide block are used to realize radial multiple core pulling on the mould,and that gear-rack mechanism or connecting bar mechanism is not adopted,so that the die casting mould is simplified.A three-legged ejector sleeve is adopted in the die casting mould to take cast stripping mould,the problem that the cast difficultly demould is solved.The mould is compact in structure,credible and easy in operation.The quality of castings produced is high.


Abstract : The minimum-time route is determined by calculus of variations, rather than the conventional manual technique. The method consists of solving the associated Euler equation by numerical integration on the Control Data Corporation model 1604 digital computer. In case 1 the ship's speed is assumed to be primarily a function of position; and in case 2 the ship's speed is taken to be a function of its direction as well as position. Case 2 is recommended for operational adaptation.


The paper proposes a modern scientific and practical approach to improving the performance of enterprises through the use of Agile management. The purpose of the article is to improve the process of managing web projects through the use of agile management mechanisms in the planning and development phase of an IT project.

One of the possible promising methods for solving modern management problems is the application of the principles of flexible development methodology. (Agile development).

The prerequisites for the emergence of the Agile management concept were identified and a comparative analysis of project management approaches was conducted. The peculiarities of application of different project management methodologies in IT companies are investigated. The characteristics of the positive and negative aspects of the application of alternative approaches to software development are given. The main difference between traditional software development methodology and flexible development methodology is outlined.

The basic characteristics of the most used model of agile management - the Scrum model are given. It is determined that within the framework of the Scrum model, the factors of minimizing the risk of failure of individual projects and the entire project portfolio of an organization are: ensuring the balance of the portfolio in its formation; regular monitoring of the portfolio implementation and preventive measures; agreed decision-making on changes to projects, taking into account the interrelation of content, timing and resources with other projects.

Changes were recorded in the functional responsibilities of investors, executives, and customers of the software when implementing the flexible methodology. The factors of increase of efficiency of realization of IT-projects are revealed and advantages of correct use of flexible methodology for projects in the field of IT are stated.

A further area of research in the field of lean / agile management methodology will be to apply the benefits of these methodological approaches to other areas of the economy.


1. Cell Swimming 2. Migration of Cells over Surfaces 3. Cell Behavior 4. The Cytoskeleton 5. Actin Filaments 6. Actin and Membranes 7. Myosin 8. Firoblast Locomotion 9. The Molecular Basis of Muscle Contraction 10. Muscle Development 11. Microtubules 12. Organelle Transport 13. Mitosis 14. Cilia 15. Centrioles and Basal Bodies 16. Bacterial Movements 17. Intermediate Filaments 18. Cell Mechanics 19. Cell Shape 20. Cell Movements and Embyogenesis


The paper contends that the economic growth process around the world has seen a growing dichotomy between real and financial sectors in the last four decades. There has been a marked stagnation in the real sector with falling growth and productivity levels, worsening physical investment and employment growth and dwindling saving rates. In contrast, the financial sector has seen a huge appreciation in financial assets and growing income from ownership of financial capital. The paper highlights the paradoxical coexistence of real sector stagnation with financial sector explosion.


Modern language teaching is no longer grammar based, but based on authentic real life dialogues (dialogic speech acts) which enable learners to communicate or rather to interact verbally and nonverbally competent with native speakers. The conception of language teaching curricula, especially with regard to the development of textbooks, is in need of an applicable model of communication, based on regularities or principles of language-usage. Both, Integrationism and the Mixed Game Model (MGM) opt against segregational static approaches of linguistic analysis and – at first glance – could be considered suitable approaches within the field of language teaching. Yet, I will argue that the Integrational approach is hardly applicable here, whereas the MGM perfectly suits the needs of foreign language textbook authors and editors.


Review(s) of: A review of Gestalt therapy: a guide to contemporary practice, 2010. by Philip Brownell, Published by Springer Publishing Company, New York. 252 pages.


. The publication discloses the essence of the anti-discrimination analysis of school textbooks in the context of the reforms of the New Ukrainian School. Examples of indirect discrimination, which are most commonly found in textual and illustrative textbook content, are analyzed. Examples of strategies for neutralizing the androcentric language are given.


We prove that if B is a commutative local serial ring and A is a B-algebra which is a left semisimple extension of B , A is a uniserial ring. If in addition A is indecomposable as ring, the lengths of the composition serieses of Ae and B are same for each primitive idempotent e of A . We also give some necessary and sufficient conditions for A to be a left semisimple extension of a subring B of it, in the case where A and B are local serial rings or the case where B is a commutative local serial ring and A is a B-algebra which is serial.


Work done on the study of a Na cooled, graphite moderated nuclear reactor for power production is summarized. The preliminary design calculations and results are described for a heterogeneous, thermal reactor using rod type fuel elements of slightly enriched U. The total heat capacity is 300,000 kw with a nominal electric power producing capacity of 75,000 kw. (auth)


Experimental and numerical considerations on parallel-plate mode suppression have been performed on a slot-coupled microstrip antenna with a triplate line feed. In the measurements, the effect of multiple reflection of the parallel-plate mode is caused by the edge of the dielectric substrate. We have proposed a technique to solve the problems concerning multiple reflection, and obtained good agreement between measurements and calculations. Measured results demonstrate the effective performance of the configuration with a shunt-stub in the isolated geometries. We have also performed considerations numerically on mutual coupling due to the parallel-plate mode in the array configuration with two elements. Numerical results indicate drastic suppression of the mutual coupling due to the parallel-mode in comparison with the conventional configuration.


Populations of the coconut crab, Birgus latro, have been severely depleted on most inhabited islands throughout the Indo-Pacific regions because of overharvesting and environmental degradation. To assist in the development of artificial propagation technologies for supportive breeding programmes in conserving this species, this study was designed to elucidate the effect of photoperiod on the survival, developmental period of zoeae and body size of megalopae through laboratory experiments. We tested six light (L) and dark (D) photoperiod regimes times of 0–24 h, thus 0L:24D, 6L:18D, 12L:12D, 18L:6D and 24L:0D. Photoperiod conditions significantly affected larval survival. Survival was lower in the 0L:24D condition than in other photoperiod conditions, reflecting higher mortality during the zoeal stage in the 0L:24D condition. On the other hand, survival rates were high during the periods when larvae metamorphosed into megalopae, regardless of photoperiod conditions. In the 24L:0D condition, larval survival rate was slightly lower than in other conditions containing a light phase. Zoeal duration and megalopal body size were not different in light durations ranging from 0 to 18 h, but they were longer and larger, respectively, in the 24L:0D condition. Thus, continuous dark or continuous light conditions impaired the survival and development of larvae, and such photoperiod regimes should be avoided for culturing larvae of the coconut crab.


Topics on fringe pattern demodulation, or phase recovery of interferograms, have been studied around the world by several researchers because of their importance in optical metrology areas. In our days, we can find several methods to demodulate fringe patterns, being spatial or temporal. Actually, the most used methods to recover the phase from fringe pattern images are those whose algorithms are simple and less heavy with the computer resources. For example, methods that work with interferogram images with carrier frequency either spatial or temporal, are very simple compared with methods that work with interferograms without carrier frequency, or closed fringes. Therefore, to have in some way the possibility to introduce carrier frequencies, researchers in the laboratories of optical metrology invest money in faster cameras, more powered (and pulsed) lasers and mechanical components. However, as the computer technology is advancing and is very commercial, we are able to have cheap more robust computers, in such a way that we can invest now less money in computer machines, and throw ourselves to the processing of interferograms without carrier frequency. In this thesis, we present an original work about two new techniques to demodulate interferogram images without carrier frequency or closed fringes. Although this thesis is not a recompilation of the different demodulation methods, we start by introducing the issue of the demodulation with two simple techniques for fringe patterns with carrier frequency. The contribution of this thesis is shown in chapters 2 and 3. In chapter 2, we show an experimental method to recover the phase of interferograms with closed fringes, within a twice differentiable function space C2. This gives a theoretical background to demodulate interferograms with closed fringes by using simple row by row scanning strategies. In chapter 3, we show a more robust method which uses robust quadrature filters. This is a very good noise-tolerant demodulation method. Summing up, we will show how these two ideas are complemented in future works to generate temporal demodulation methods without carrier frequency. We hope forward, with this work, obtain one of the first demodulation techniques for real-time interferograms without temporal carrier frequency.


Recent advancements in on-site robotic construction allow a direct modulation of native soil into architecture. To date, this was mainly explored for extra-terrestrial construction. To promote geomaterial reconstitution in architecture, the paper presents a workflow and methods for additive manufacturing, explored using desert soil and a robotic tool. The workflow provides the steps for linking site, material, design, and fabrication, including the robotic setup, simulation, and technical analysis. The paper explores three methods: continuous, discrete, and a method termed here multimode additive. These methods are demonstrated through experiments detailing their design and fabrication processes, and the paper concludes with their comparative analysis. The research expands additive manufacturing with earthen materials, and the outcomes indicate a potential for combining computational design, robotic fabrication, and manual assembly. The paper also clarifies and expands existing terminology regarding part-to-whole relationships in on-site robotic fabrication, promoting resource-conscious, site-tailored additive manufacturing in architecture.


When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This pelvic floor disorders imaging and multidisciplinary approach to management can help you to solve the problem. It can be one of the right sources to develop your writing skill.


Like Tibet, Xingjiang is an autonomous region in China. It has been a troubled province with sporadic terrorist attacks. Among other irritants, Beijing's policy of settling Han Chinese in Xingjiang has been a source of tension for years between the native Uighur community and the government. Despite China developing Xingjiang into one of the most economically productive regions of the country, a minority of the Uighurs resent Beijing's assimilation and integration policy. The support and sympathy from the Uighurs for the separatist movement in Xingjiang has grown significantly during the last decade. The influences from neighbouring Pakistan and developments in Afghanistan have radicalised a tiny segment of the Uighurs who are mostly tolerant.


Accountability in current development processes is achieved following invasive procedures that oblige developers to strictly follow organizations' policies, making such an important aspect for development process an onerous task. In this paper, we present the open source application Spago4Q, a flexible process monitoring tool designed for maturity assessment but adaptable for tasks like accountability monitoring.


The effects of the pulse current on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were investigated using microstructures observation,mechanical testing and fracture analysis.The results show that pulse current causes the rapid increase in temperature of specimen,formation of comparatively high thermal compressive stress,phase transition from α to β.Subsequently,β is transformed into α′ due to higher cooling speed.As a result of highrheating and cooling rates,for the new phase,the nucleation rate increases but the growth time decreases,resulting in the refinement of the microstructure.The combination of phase transition and microstructural refinement gives rise to the improvement in mechanical properties and change in resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.Mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be enhanced remarkably by optimizing electropulsing parameters.Transformation degree of the microstructure canbe characterized indirectly after electropulsing treatment by measuring the change in resistance.


The complexes of silicon (IV) with Schiff base ligands (L1H and L2H of isatin derivatives) having a sulfur and oxygen donor system were prepared by the reactions in methanol environment. These were isolated and characterized by elemental analysis, molecular weight determinations and conductance measurements. On the basis of electronic, infrared, 1H, 13C and 29Si NMR spectral studies, trigonal bipyramidal geometry was suggested for the resulting complexes. These data support preferential binding of sulfur and oxygen atom to the silicon atom. The disease resistance activities of the ligands and their corresponding complexes were examined successfully in in vitro and in vivo experiments, against pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Results were quite encouraging and these were compared with the standard pesticides Bavistin and Streptomycin. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The determination of antidepressants in blood is necessary to obtain the best therapy of patients who are being treated with some of tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants. Various methods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are reported for an analysis of these compounds. The methods involve the manual sample preparation (liquid-liquid, solid-phase extraction columns), semiautomated sample preparation and automated sample preparation. Normal-or reversed-phase columns with functionalities such as C-18, CN, C-1, C-8, and phenyl are used for the separation of antidepressants. This mini-review includes also the determination of selected metabolites.


The interest is a need,which the subject obtains in the course of the practice. It has dual natures of subjective and objective. The benefit division causing by social transition leads to beneficial conflicts in Chinese society. Therefore, we have to strengthen the use of economic and law approaches, to perfect the division system of social benefit with efficiency as leading value concept. And it is also needed to quicken the development of social guarantee and almsgiving system with justice as leading values, and develop the education of value concept with honesty as core.


Solutal buoyancy has a large impact on the flow of the alloy phase composing the positive electrode in liquid metal batteries. During discharge solutal buoyancy creates a stabilizing stratification, during charge it creates a vigorous solutal convection. In this article we provide new physical understandings of the role of solutal buoyancy during both charge and discharge. In particular we find that during discharge the electrovortex mechanism is in general not strong enough to counter the stabilizing effect of solutal buoyancy, and therefore this mechanism cannot be used to mix the alloy as is sometimes suggested in the literature. We show that the mixing capability of a generic flow in the alloy phase can be estimated by comparing the typical flow magnitude U to two velocity scales: Up and Um. Below Up the flow cannot mix the alloy, and above Um the flow significantly opposes solutal buoyancy. Although we focus on Li||Pb-based batteries, these simple mixing criteria can be used during the discharging phase in other types of liquid batteries. We also present new, fully three-dimensional simulations of solutal convection during the charging cycle. These simulations suggest scaling laws for the magnitude of the convective flow, the time for the onset of solutal convection, and the typical inhomogeneity level in the alloy during charge. We propose physical arguments to explain these scaling laws.


The relationship between statin use and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been definitively established. Studies show both benefit and detriment. Statins may decrease the level of platelet aggregation and thrombogenesis and thus worsen an ICH, but they also modulate the immune system, inhibit the inflammatory process, and improve cerebral blood flow, promoting neuroprotection and tissue recovery. Despite physiological and clinical evidence on both sides of the argument, the idea that statins should be avoided whenever brain hemorrhage is involved has permeated stroke practice. Indeed, early and more recent epidemiological studies have shown a convincing inverse association between low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. 1 Whether this association can be applied to patients treated with statins is less clear. Is the fear of statin use for ICH justified? What is the basis on which clinicians have come to avoid statins for their hemorrhage risk, and how should this information guide our practice in light of newer evidence? Part of the confusion arises from a lack of clarity of the association between statin use and hemorrhage under different ICH etiologies. The pathophysiology may be quite different if the brain hemorrhage occurs in the setting of ischemic stroke vs after thrombolytic therapy, in hypertensive ICH, or in other conditions such as amyloid angiopathy. In the last decade, 2 large randomized trials suggested an association between treatment with statins and increased risk of ICH in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. The 2004 Heart Protection Study, 2 a large multicenter, randomized trial of simvastatin 40 mg vs placebo for patients with dyslipidemia and cerebrovascular disease, coronary disease, some other occlusive coronary disease, diabetes mellitus, or treated hypertension showed a nonsignificant increase in the rate of hemorrhagic stroke (1.3% of patients who received 40 mg of simvastatin vs 0.7% of patients who received placebo) in the treatment arm of patients who had a prior cerebrovascular event. The 2008 Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels trial 3 showed that hemorrhagic stroke was more frequent among those treated with atorvastatin calcium (unadjusted hazard ratio, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.09-2.69]) than among those who received placebo, although hemorrhagic stroke as an entry level event, male sex, and advanced age at baseline accounted for 86% of the increased risk of hemorrhage. Two additional clinical studies 4,5 have shown no evidence of increased


Ibn Khaldun is a 14th century philosopher, statesman and historian, who is regarded as one of the pioneers of modern historiography, sociology and economics. As one of the most prominent Islamic-Arab thinkers, Ibn Khaldun's views are related many areas ranging from general education to curriculum to instruction to qualifications of teachers and child education. In this regard, the educational ideas of Ibn Khaldun were investigated in the context of "Clash of Civilizations" which is proposed by Samuel Huntington indicating that the international relations in this age will be highly affected by civilizations rather than political or economic ideologies since the 1990s, which corresponded to the post-Cold War period. The study is a qualitative study based on document analysis. In this study, Ibn Khaldun's views on education in the context of clash of civilizations are discussed because education is very close concept with civilization according to Ibn Khaldun's ideas.


The invention discloses a method and system for executing operation of a smart television. The method comprises the steps that the smart television acquires specific signals, wherein the specific signals are voice signals or somatic sensing signals, and the somatic sensing signals comprise the movement feature information of the body of a user; the smart television determines operation information corresponding to the specific signals; the smart television carries out operation expressed by the operation information. According to the method and system for executing operation of the smart television, due to the fact that a remote control device is of no need, the same operation as a remote control is achieved by identifying voice and gesture, operation is simple, time is saved, interaction of people and a smart television terminal is increased, interaction of different interfaces and the user is displayed for different scenes, the experience of the user is increased, and the problems that in the prior art, when the remote control of the smart television is used for controlling the smart television, misoperation can happen easily, and the smart television wastes unnecessary processing resources are effectively solved.


This paper presents the design of a wideband dual-polarized microstrip antenna array working at C-band. The antenna adopts a multi-layer structure using additional parasitic patch, in order to achieve better port isolation and wide-band characteristics. The 1*4 array antenna is simulated and optimized, which is fed by the coplanar microstrip lines. The results show that the VSWRs of the antenna ports are less than 2 in the frequency range of 4.9 GHz to 6.1 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of about 21.8%. The designed antenna also has a gain of over 13.4 dB at the frequency of 5.5 GHz.


Abstract Transparent plastics have been used for optical applications with growing demand. This development is accompanied by a desire for extended surface functionalities. Most important optical surface function is antireflection (AR), which is performed mainly by applying plasma-assisted processes. Critical considerations for coating polymers include interaction with emission from plasma and thermal stress. State-of-the-art vacuum processes for coating on plastic, as well as new results of research and development in the fields of AR design and AR structures will be introduced and discussed.


A hair trimmer blade unit (14) includes a stationary blade (15) and a movable blade (16), which includes movable blade pieces (16a). Each movable blade piece (16a) includes a basal blade edge portion (22a) and a distal catch portion (22b; 22c). The basal blade edge portion (22a) extends along a line (A) inclined so that as the distal end of the movable blade piece (16a) become closer, the distance from the adjacent movable blade piece increases. The distal catch portion (22b; 22c) extends toward the adjacent movable blade piece from the line (A). The blade edge (22) of each movable blade piece (16a) includes a saw-toothed portion (22a; 22c) formed so that as the distal end of the corresponding movable blade piece (16a) becomes closer, the distance from the adjacent movable blade pieces decreases in plural steps.


Although bonding as a jointing method for metals has quite a number of advantages, this method so far has had only modest significance in the field of vehicle construction. This rather sceptical view of bonding can be attributed to the lack of appropriate empirical values and calculating standards. Starting from this viewpoint, experimental results are described, which have been elaborated on bonded cylindrical joints under static and dynamic loading as a joint project with Loctite Ireland. Subsequently the practical applicability of these experiments is discussed. The paper describes the following items: reaction to deformation of adhesive coat under axial and torsional loading respectively; dependence of nominal shear strength on load direction; computed interpretation of press fit joints and shrink fit joints with bonding; finite fatigue life and endurance limit of bonded joints in dependence on various influential parameters failing mechanisms of dynamically loaded bonded joints; cyclic softening and hardening effects.


It is well known that a unit sphere admits Sasakian 3-structure. Also, Sasakian manifolds are locally isometric to a unit sphere under several curvature and critical conditions. So, a natural question is: Does there exist any curvature or critical condition under which a Sasakian 3-manifold represents a geometrical object other than the unit sphere? In this regard, as an extension of the ∗-Ricci soliton, the notion of ∗-Ricci-Yamabe soliton is introduced and studied on two classes contact metric manifolds. A (2n + 1)-dimensional non-Sasakian N(k)-contact metric manifold admitting ∗-Ricci-Yamabe soliton is completely classified. Further, it is proved that if a Sasakian 3-manifold M admits ∗-Ricci-Yamabe soliton (g, V, λ, α, β) under certain conditions on the soliton vector field V , then M is ∗-Ricci flat, positive Sasakian and the transverse geometry ofM is Fano. In addition, the Sasakian 3-metric g is homothetic to a Berger sphere and the soliton is steady. Also, the potential vector field V is an infinitesimal automorphism of the contact metric structure. Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 53D15, 35Q51, 53C25.


Mark D. Morrissey Yuehong Song University of Alabama in Huntsville Consortium for Holography, Applied Mechanics and Photonics (CHAMP) Huntsville, Alabama 35899 Abstract. This paper describes a general-purpose photoelastic fiber optic accelerometer having a sensitivity of 2 V/g and a resolution of 2.5 mg over a frequency range extending from 0 to 600 Hz. The unit has a linear amplitude range of 0 to 5g and is sealed in an aluminum case having outside dimensions of 41 mm335 mm320 mm. It relies on a force transducer made from an optically birefringent material and measurements are made based on the principles of photoelasticity. A low-cost LED is employed as an incoherent light source; multimode optical fibers with a hard plastic cladding are used to transmit signals between the transducer and the conditioning electronics. © 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.


Much of what is said by critics of the RUC process is at best incorrect and at worst purposely misstated.


The presentation gives a macro picture of media technology trends including human driving forces and possible impacts on paper. Communication is the base of interpersonal relationships and society progress and the evolution from speaking to printed and now electronic tools has opened an enormous field of options to meet the individual needs. Printed products represent 80% of today's total communication market and paper based carriers are used, though not exclusively, almost everywhere. This media market can be divided into 3 motivation segments, each one with particular challenges from new technologies and also opportunities for paper-based information carriers. Internet must be seen as communication revolution because it combines all elements of the 3 segments allowing access to global information independent of time, location and social hierarchies. Internet serves as truly global marketplace for personal use, electronic commerce and company intranets. With its almost unlimited technical capabilities it offers a wide range of communication options and does therefore hardly allow more than qualitative forecasts on its future impact on the use of paper. Traditional print is losing its monopolistic position and electronic tools will further change the role of paper. Future success will depend on good technology know-how and media mix understanding of the paper industrv to allow fast paper developments for new and innovative solutions. Paper, as emotional product, will keep a major portion as communication and information carrier with clear coated paper growth opportunities.


We present a method for fabrication of cost efficient, large area, and patterned structural color filters in polymer by replication of black silicon surface structures using a PDMS mold and UV-NIL. In transmission of directional white light, the imprinted polymer show different colors, depending on the type of black silicon structure on the master. Combined with patterning of the black silicon structures by UV-lithography, the results facilitate novel applications of black silicon replications for decorations of polymer components.


Abstract The maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the generalized gamma distribution are shown to have the property that are distributed independently of a and b. Similar properties are also obtained for some Weibull-type statistics. These results are applied in particular to the problem of discriminating between the Weibull model and the generalized gamma model, and several test statistics are considered. In general, the Weibull model is quite flexible and, unless the sample size is quite large, is perhaps a preferable assumption because of the computational complexity and other difficulties encountered with the generalized gamma distribution.


The diffuse spectral series, 2s2np2P–2s2nd2D, of the boron isoelectronic sequence has been studied through a one-particle scheme, by explicitly treating only the active electron. Oscillator strengths for various transitions (n = 2,3; n´ = 3–16) have been computed with the quantum defect and relativistic quantum defect formalisms, and results comparing very satisfactorily with other theoretical data have been obtained. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The thyristor is a power semiconductor device with the control terminal called grid or gate (G). The device name comes from the similarity of operation with the gas triode: thiratron transistor. Because the thyristors are mainly used in the controlled rectifier structures, the technical literature calls them as SCR (Semiconductor Controlled Rectifiers) devices. After the series manufacture start in 1957 until the '80s of the twentieth century the thyristor was the leader of power semiconductor devices with control electrode. Despite the fact that the thyristor is a half controlled device (through the gate terminal can be only turned on) this switch remains favourite in a wide range of applications because it is robust, can be easily controlled and can operates in high power structures at high voltages and currents with low power conduction losses. To operate, every thyristor require a drive (trigger, control) circuit that provides gate current pulses to induce the on-state. These pulses must have a certain amplitude and duration. The device remains latched in on-state until it is reverse biased. Thus, in forward biased conditions, after the turn-on process, the gate current can be interrupted. Thyristors can be found in various applications such as phase-controlled rectifiers, AC voltage variators, starters, static breakers, cycloconverters, etc. Depending on the requirements, are available on the market several types of thyristors: common thyristors (used in phase-controlled converters at low switching frequency, high voltages and currents), fast thyristors (with a small blocking time), optical thyristors (light-activated through optical fibers), etc. A triac can be equivalent with two antiparallel connected thyristors. Thus, the control principles and the control circuits of the triacs are the same as those of the thyristors taking into consideration that the triacs are bidirectional devices (the current can flow in both directions through them).


"The Clique Width of Bipartite Graphs in Monogenic Classes," Vadim Lozin and Jordan Volz, 2006-27. "Simple and fast reoptimizations for the Steiner tree problem,"Bruno Escoffier, Martin Milanic and Vangelis Th. Paschos, 2007-01. "On short paths interdiction problems: Total and node-wise limited interdiction," Leonid Khachiyan, Endre Boros, Konrad Borys, Khaled Elbassioni, Vladimir Gurvich, Gabor Rudolf and Jihui Zhao, 2007-02. "Generating vertices of polyhedra and related monotone generation problems," Endre Boros, Khaled Elbassioni, Vladimir Gurvich and Kazuhisa Makino, 2007-03.


Based on the phononic crystal slab resonators, a new structure is proposed which has the operation similar to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the optical domain. This structure includes two resonance microcavities and interacts with each other. Due to the interaction between two microcavities, the transmission coefficient will be off while in noninteracting case it is on. Finite element method (FEM) is utilized to simulate the performance of the structure. The transmission spectrum of the structure is investigated in different states such as different coupling between two resonators. Also, it is shown that with control the coupling coefficient between two cavities, the acoustic transmission will be controlled especially in the resonance frequency of the cavities before coupling. Finally, the nonlinear properties of this phononic structure are investigated and the changes in the mass density due to this nonlinearity are discussed.Based on the phononic crystal slab resonators, a new structure is proposed which has the operation similar to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the optical domain. This structure includes two resonance microcavities and interacts with each other. Due to the interaction between two microcavities, the transmission coefficient will be off while in noninteracting case it is on. Finite element method (FEM) is utilized to simulate the performance of the structure. The transmission spectrum of the structure is investigated in different states such as different coupling between two resonators. Also, it is shown that with control the coupling coefficient between two cavities, the acoustic transmission will be controlled especially in the resonance frequency of the cavities before coupling. Finally, the nonlinear properties of this phononic structure are investigated and the changes in the mass density due to this nonlinearity are discussed.


The challenge of serving gifted students from nonmainstream cultural backgrounds assumes greater complexity when accompanied by linguistic diversity. Gifted students with primary languages other than English, or English language learners, demonstrate wide within-group differences related to language of origin, level of first- and second- language proficiency, cultural background, and type and level of talent. While the majority of bilingual residents in the United States speak Spanish, some school district enrollments represent nearly 100 different language groups, some of very low incidence. To respond to the needs of this population, educators require current information concerning appropriate procedures for identification, service delivery, instructional methods, and community involvement. This article summarizes available literature and suggests future directions.


Nowadays people are very concerned about the environment because of the rapid changes in the environment which will harm to human health. Hence it is necessary to monitor environment where the people spend more time like at home, office, industry, any working area in real time and long term manner. Using internet of things we can control system as well as we can access system remotely using IoT. It first take information with help of different sensors and transfer sensors values on thingspeak directly, from which can be accessed at anytime and anywhere. Literature survey is done on use of wireless sensors, Cloud and Internet of things, and connection between devices with sensors and network connection will read sensor value which can be further monitored from the internet with the help of thingspeak. Monitoring environment is done through website & controlled manually and automatically by detecting sensor values. We can controlled it manually through website and it can automatically controlled by sensing values. The main Objective design of cloud storage environment is used to store data and to process the data. Internet of things allows physical devices or things which are not computer system, that only act very smartly and makes collaborations decision which are beneficial for different applications. That application allow things to capture value of devices. They transfer "things from being passively computing" and makes an individually decisions in active manner and communicate and collaborate to form single difficult decision. IoT technologies of computing, embedded sensors, communication protocol and internet protocol for communication allow internet of things to provide significant which impose number of challenges and introduces standards which require to specialize and communication


The regular graph of ideals of the commutative ring $R$, denoted by $\Gamma_{reg}(R)$, is a graph whose vertex set is the set of all non-trivial ideals of $R$ and two distinct vertices $I$ and $J$ are adjacent if and only if either $I$ contains a $J$-regular element or $J$ contains an $I$-regular element. In this paper, it is shown that for every Artinian ring $R$, the edge chromatic number of $\Gamma_{reg}(R)$ equals its maximum degree. Then a formula for the clique number of $\Gamma_{reg}(R)$ is given. Also, it is proved that for every reduced ring $R$ with $n(\geq3)$ minimal prime ideals, the edge chromatic number of $\Gamma_{reg}(R)$ is $2^{n-1}-2$. Moreover, we show that both of the clique number and vertex chromatic number of $\Gamma_{reg}(R)$ are $n-1$, for every reduced ring $R$ with $n$ minimal prime ideals.


A total of 1214 first lactation records of Murrah buffaloes collected from six military dairy farms viz., Agra, Ambala, Bareilly, Ferozepur, Lucknow and Meerut spreading over a period of 30 years were utilized to assess the effects of farm, period, season and age at first calving on 300 day first lactation milk yield, first lactation period, weight at first calving, first dry period, first service period, number of services per conception and first calving interval. The least-squares means were 1704.51±25.41 kg, 308.27±3.89 days, 501.59±4.04 kg, 184.93±7.40 days, 196.15±7.0l days, 1.23±0.30 nos. and 497.54±8.90 days, respectively for the above mentioned traits. The farm effects were significant for all the traits except the number of services per conception. The period effects were significant for 300 day first lactation milk yield, first lactation period and first dry period. Similarly, significant effects of season of calving on first lactation period, first dry period, first service period and first calving interval were observed. Weight at first calving, 300 day first lactation milk yield and number of services per conception were also observed to be significantly affected by the age of animal at the time of calving.


It is common between teachers of mathematics to assess the difficulty of the problems they gave to students. The evaluation is mostly based on subjective appreciation with no explicit consideration of difficulty factors. However, in a computerized environment for mathematics instruction it would be highly beneficial to dispose of such explicit factors and automated assessment of problem difficulty. In the present paper a set of factors for sequence problems in analysis are proposed. For the automated detection of these factors a set of rules was defined. Knowledge representation and implementation details are described.


The study investigated the role of physical activity, from midlife to older age, in relation to lung function in older age. In order to increase the understanding of the relationship between physical activity and lung function, the relationship between physical activity in midlife and physical activity in older age was also studied. Two Swedish studies based on nationally representative samples were used in this study, the Level of Living Survey, LNU, and the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old, SWEOLD. The participants were interviewed on three occasions; at the mean ages of 53 years, 61 years, and 81 years. The average follow-up time from the last to the first interview was 24-30 years. The results show that more physical activity in late midlife (mean age of 61 years) was associated with better lung function in older age. The association persists but attenuates when physical activity in older age was included in the analyses. There was also a strong association between physical activity in older age and better lung function in older age. Physical activity in late midlife had a positive association with physical activity in older age. This study shows the importance of physical activity in late midlife and in older ages to maintain good lung function in older ages. To invest in preventive actions in the form of physical activity are vital to be able to promote healthy aging, and should include the oldest old (76+).


princes of Liechtenstein, the earliest traceable-in the inventory of 1613-is the portrait of Ladislaus von Fraunberg, count of Haag, by Hans Mielich of Munich, court painter to the duke of Bavaria, Albrecht V (Figure 1). The painting is signed by the artist, and is dated 1557.1 It shows the count in fashionable Spanish-style court dress, standing in front of an open window that permits a view of a wintry landscape with Castle Haag in the distance.2 In the window's upper half is a stained-glass panel with the full armorial achievement of the count: gules, an argent horse, bridled sable, rearing to the sinister, and as its crest, a woman's torso, clad in a gown azure, seme with fleurs-de-lys or, holding up a pointed hat ermine, topped by a plume of peacock feathers. The mantlings are in the colors of the shield, red and white.3 The fleurs-de-lys on the woman's gown are an augmentation of honor granted to Count Ladislaus by Francis I, king of France, when he had distinguished himself in French service. The figure of the woman itself-Frau in German-is a canting device, as a wordplay on Ladislaus's family name, von Fraunberg; this is one of the rare cases of a canting crest (instead of a shield charge). Surrounding this heraldic achievement is an architectural frame, enlivened with figural representations of the four cardinal virtues.4


Chapter 2  of Library Technology Reports (vol. 51, no. 6) Open Access Journals: Idealism and Opportunism This chapter introduces grades for OA journals and considers article volume—the number of articles per year in a journal. It also introduces eight subject groups that break down the three major areas.


There are some disadvantages which are numerous and varied indicators, and thus high equipment costs in existing AC contactors' closing dynamic performance evaluation. Based on gray correlation & cluster theory, this paper proposed a new method to reduce the number of indicators for contactor's performance evaluation. It took one existing indicator set proposed by Hebei University of Technology for example. Firstly, the existing 21 indicators are clustered to three types: important, complementary and dispensable. Secondly, nine different and typical indicator sets including the these types are proposed. Nine samples' closing performance are evaluated respectively by gray clustering & correlation theory. The better indicator set is ascertained by aiming at the same performance classification and ranking. Finally, the identified set is verified with the combined method based on gray correlation and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS) theories, and the method of indicator reduction is proved to be feasible and the number of the original indicator is reduced from 21 to 13. It will be helpful for indicator reducing, cost saving and shortening the evaluation process. Moreover, it will provide theoretical basis for dynamic process control and choosing best phase angles in life test for intelligent contactors, and it will provide references for choosing appropriate indicators for other similar electrical products' evaluation.


We present new evidence that lenders use down payment size to price unobservable borrower risk. We exploit the contractual features of a UK scheme that helps home buyers top up their down payments with equity loans. We find that a 20 percentage point smaller down payment is associated with a 22 basis point higher interest rate at origination, and a higher ex-post default rate. Lenders see down payment as a signal for unobservable risk, but the relative importance of this signal is limited, as it accounts for only 10% of the difference in mortgage rates between loans with 75% and 95% loan to value ratio.


Leadership is vital for the success of any organization. Based on an extensive research on the subject, Rastogi points out that a leader should look at the organization as an evolutionary process towards a desired future. He elaborates the essence of leadership as consisting of the following: creating a vision of the future, setting an example, reinforcing the desired behaviour, and creating the ideal selfimage. Empathy and charisma are two qualities that a leader needs.


Classical phase transitions have a quantum counterpart, where the mechanism which controls the phase changing is not the temperature anymore, but quantum fluctuations, as a consequence of Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In this monograph, we approach this subject by studying entanglement, a kind of correlation exclusive to quantum systems. By using the Ising model under a transverse magnetic field, we will show how entanglement can be used to detect quantum phase transitions in interacting systems. We will focus our studies in two main entanglement measures: negativity, which measures correlations between pair of spins inside the system, and the von Neumann
entropy, to measure correlations between blocks of spins. We will discuss the main aspects of
each type of these measures, and show their frailties when aplied to studies on more complex phase transition models.


The results of 16 beam tests are used to investigate the short term deflections of partially prestressed concrete members in the post cracking design load range. It is found that deflections can be predicted with reasonable accuracy by means of an effective bending stiffness. Values for an effective bending stiffness can be obtained either from branson's equation or from a bilinear approximation to the moment curvature relation. The bilinear method has the advantage that, besides giving more accurate results, it integrates well into the overall design procedure for partially prestressed members (a).


The American Medical Association's journal, JAMA , is spearheading a campaign of "clinical alerts" to ensure that patients benefit quickly from medical breakthroughs.

The campaign will use established medical journals and the lay press to get the message across. The proposal was outlined by Dr George Lundberg, editor of JAMA , and Dr John Wennberg of …


Explaining the history of currency convertibility or, more generally, of external-sector liberalization could eventually become a boring experience for a listener. After all, the essence of this exercise should consist of the enumeration of which of a plethora of external financial flows are subject to regulations of some sort or another as well as what is the history of applying controls and what are the prospects for these controls to be completely or partly removed. Now, taking into account that the number of types of foreign transactions that deserve separate treatment and form individual tiles in the overall mosaic of external liberalization are well over fifty,1 no wonder that one may easily get lost in a maze of questions as to what is allowed, what is still not allowed, what is not allowed but tolerated, and so on. This paper uses several organizing ideas with the aim of sorting out a wide range of pertinent information. First, nervousness sparked by external-sector liberalization and particularly by its later phase of


Perturbation theory of four-photon scattering in fibers in developed in a way that accounts for polarization of light. The analysis is applied to photon-pair generation in birefringent fibers.


Validation and Exploration of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory with a Sample of Adolescents by John Barr, Master of Science Utah State University, 2022 Major Professor: Tyler Renshaw, Ph.D. Department: Psychology The current study attempted to further psychological flexibility literature by validating the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI) with a sample of adolescents (ages 16 and 17). This correlational analysis also examined how the MPFI associates with other indicators of psychological flexibility (AAQ-II, AFQ-Y), distress (depression, anxiety, somatic symptom severity and related distress, difficulties in emotion regulation) and well-being (subjective happiness, life satisfaction, selfcompassion, emotional approach coping). First, confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine how well the data fit the measurement model within the current sample, which led to evidence of excellent global fit. Next, internal consistency and descriptive statistics were examined, which showed strong internal consistencies for all variables, with coefficients ranging from 0.75 to 0.95. These scores indicated that all measures were consistent and precise in measuring the proposed construct. Lastly, bivariate correlations were analyzed investigating relationships between the MPFI and all other measures employed within the study.


Background/Objective: Memory deficits due to multiple sclerosis (MS) have been variably linked to lower subcortical grey matter (SCGM) and mesial temporal lobe (MTL) volumes. We investigated which is the better predictor and whether this changes across disease stages. Methods/Results: Memory was assessed in 315 patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measured volumes of total brain, grey matter, white matter, MTL (hippocampus, amygdala) and SCGM (thalamus, caudate). MTL predicted memory in the total sample and in patients with earlier (<10 years) or later (⩾10 years) relapsing disease. SCGM (specifically thalamus) predicted memory in progressive patients. Conclusions: Neuroanatomical correlates of memory deficits differ across disease stages.


ABSTRACT Families with deaf parents and hearing children often demonstrate bimodal bilingualism, using both a signed and a spoken language. This study uses an audience design framework to analyze the home language use of two bimodal bilingual families in the United States. The school-age children in these families appeared to design their utterances for reception by their addressees while using as much speech as possible. All of the children demonstrated fluency in both American Sign Language and spoken English, and parent–child communication was generally easy and clear. The children typically signed to their parents, but the children in one family often included simultaneous speech when addressing the parent with the greatest receptive abilities for speech. They generally used only speech to address their siblings, leaving parents who were present to either request a translation or accept a degree of exclusion. However, in each family, the oldest child sometimes accommodated to the presence of a deaf parent by including signs with his speech to his brothers. Despite the parents' institution of family language policies meant to encourage the use of sign, the children's behavior reflected the sociolinguistic dominance of spoken English in the wider society.


The XI International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology(ISRP2009) was held in Clermont-Ferrand, France, from 6 to9 September 2009. The previous meetings were held inNottingham, UK (1960), Ames, USA (1965), Cambridge, UK(1969), Sydney, Australia (1974), Clermont-Ferrand, France(1979), Banff, Canada (1984), Sendai, Japan (1989), Willingen,Germany (1994), Pretoria, South Africa (1999) and Copenhagen,Denmark (2004)


Phenomenon of phase separation with charge segregation is considered for low-doped manganites. The effects of giant dielectric permittivity and colossal magnetocapacitance due to phase separation accompanied by charged inhomogeneities are discussed. Long-range Coulomb interaction is responsible for the formation of inhomogeneous charged states and determines their characteristic length scales. Polar nanoscale areas are also formed at room temperature by applying electric field via the tip of scanning probe microscope to the surface of La0.9Sr0.1MnO3 and La0.89Sr0.11MnO3 single crystals. These results show the dependence of surface potential of induced area on the writing time, which is similar to that for ferroelectrics.


This selected list, compiled primarily for members of the Association, omits prize contests and a number of purely literary fellowships. For larger, more inclusive lists, see A Handbook on International Study (New York: The Institute of International Education, $3.00), Lovejoy—Jones College Scholarship Guide (Milton, Mass.: Theodore S. Jones, 1956), Study Abroad, Vol. xi (UNESCO), and Scholarships, Fellowships and Loans (Boston: Bellman Pub. Co.). See also the article by S. F. Johnson, "Honors and Prizes in the MLA Field," PMLA, lxvii (Feb. 1952), 37–58.


The passive dynamics of actuators may impose serious limitations to the performance of a system. Existence of inertia for example makes it impossible for the actuators to react immediately. A throwing mechanism (with electric motors) is composed of two inertias (object and motor) that decreases the performance of the system and can not be overcome with software control. But, we can use other elements (like a spring) to make the motor inertia a benefit to improve the performance of the system. Moreover, when the object is directly connected to the motor, the maximum velocity that the object can achieve is limited to the maximum velocity that can be provided by the motor. Previous research shows that passive dynamics is not always harmful, and can increase the performance of a mechanism. Here, we will extract mathematical formula that gives us the required optimum value for stiffness and/or damping of the system to give us the optimal performance given physical limitations.


A model nanosystem is investigated: a sample in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped of finite size with volumetric discrete lattice. It is shown that a separate nodal plane of a model nanosystem can be in different structural states: stochastic state of the deformation field on the whole rectangular lattice; the state with the linear fractal dislocation of different orientations; quasi-two-dimensional structures of the type of fractal elliptical, hyperbolic dislocations and fractal quantum dot. Using the numerical modelling method, the behaviour of the deformation field and a possibility of the alteration of these structures is investigated. The analysis of the behavior of the averaged functions allows to determine the critical values of the governing parameters.


Adaptation Theory,in a simple way,refers to the adaptation of language to the certain environment,or vice versa or both.Su Manshu's translations possesss particular characteristics which are the result of adaptation to the particular cultural context at that time.This paper aims to explain the creative treason in Su Manshu's translation as well as the reasons why such creative treason happens.


Experiments on animals are the most important source of data for predicting the effects of administering a new drug to patients. Nevertheless, the predictive value of such experiments is limited. In the present retrospective study of 6 drugs of different types, it is shown that many of the most serious side effects that can result when a drug is given to man were not predictable from observations on dogs or rats. From an initial list of signs of toxicity that could occur in man, 39 physical signs were retained that could also be observed in the dog or the rat, or both. Analysis showed that effects on man could be predicted better from observations on dogs than from those on rats.


WEB, the Wind Evaluation Breadboard, is an Extremely Large Telescope Primary Mirror simulator, developed with the aim of quantifying the ability of a segmented primary mirror to cope with wind disturbances. This instrument supported by the European Community (Framework Programme 6, ELT Design Study), is developed by ESO, IAC, MEDIA-ALTRAN, JUPASA and FOGALE. The WEB is a bench of about 20 tons and 7 meter diameter emulating a segmented primary mirror and its cell, with 7 hexagonal segments simulators, including electromechanical support systems. In this paper we present the WEB central control electronics and the software development which has to interface with: position actuators, auxiliary slave actuators, edge sensors, azimuth ring, elevation actuator, meteorological station and air balloons enclosure. The set of subsystems to control is a reduced version of a real telescope segmented primary mirror control system with high real time performance but emphasizing on development time efficiency and flexibility, because WEB is a test bench. The paper includes a detailed description of hardware and software, paying special attention to real time performance. The Hardware is composed of three computers and the Software architecture has been divided in three intercommunicated applications and they have been implemented using Labview over Windows XP and Pharlap ETS real time operating system. The edge sensors and position actuators close loop has a sampling and commanding frequency of 1KHz.


The current levels of student fees in European countries, in all higher education institutions in Bulgaria, as well as in European countries where higher education is free are examined. Information is also presented on the countries with the most expensive higher education in the world. Finally, the consequences of the potential increase in student fees in Bulgaria are analyzed.


Oral disintegrating tablets are a new trend in novel drug delivery systems that have seen a surge in popularity in recent decades. To improve the efficacy of solid dosage forms, super disintegrants are used. This is accomplished by reducing the disintegration time, which improves the rate of drug dissolution. Disintegrants are substances or combination of substances added to a drug formulation to aid in the breaking up or disintegration of tablet or capsule content into smaller fragments that dissolve more quickly than without them. Several newer agents known as 'Superdisintegrants' have been developed in recent years. Superdisintegrants classified as synthetic, semi-synthetic, natural, and co-processed blends have been used to create effective mouth dissolving tablets and overcome the limitations of traditional tablet dosage form. In the solid dosage form, superdisintegrants are typically used at a low level typically (1- 10%) relative to the total weight of the dosage unit. In present studies, includes all the information about Superdisintegrants, such as their types, advantage, selection criteria, incorporation methods, ideal properties and mechanism, which are used in the formulation to provide safer, more effective drug delivery while maintaining patient conformity.
Keywords: Superdisintegrants, Disintegrants, Natural, Synthetic.


Two experiments were conducted to measure the effect of dietary selenium on glutathione (GSH) peroxidase activity in plasma and body organs of growing pigs. In experiment 1, 12 piglets weaned at 2 wk and 18 weaned at 4 wk were fed for a period of 5 wk either a selenium-deficient basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 0.1 ppm selenium as sodium selenite. Three levels of dietary vitamin E supplemented as dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate were also included in this experiment in a factorial arrangement with selenium. Vitamin E was shown to have no effect on GSH-peroxidase activity. In contrast, dietary selenium exerted a significant effect on the activity of the seleno-enzyme in the plasma, pancreas, heart, lungs and kidneys of piglets. The kidneys showed the highest GSH-peroxidase activity of the organs studied. Supplemental selenium resulted in a marked increase in plasma GSH-peroxidase activity of the piglets weaned at 2 wk, and maintained a high level of activity for those weaned at 4 wk. Pancreatic act...


The red-headed flea beetle, Systena frontalis (F.), was studied to assess its potential role as a pest of corn. The studies were centered in northwestern Iowa where the beetle had occurred in greatest density.

In August 1968, 47 counties were surveyed to determine the density of flea beetles and their frequency of feeding on corn and weed hosts. The main host of the flea beetle was smartweed. Polygonum pensylvanicum L., but several other hosts were recorded for the first time.

Eggs, collected from adults brought into the laboratory, required an exposure to cold before hatching occurred, but up to 70% hatched after various periods of exposure at 5. Only 1 adult was obtained from 1370 larvae placed on an artificial diet.

The damage caused by the flea beetle is minor com pared with the rootworm infestations occurring in the area where red-headed flea beetles are most abundant in Iowa.


We study the classical Euclidean wormholes in the context of extended theories of gravity. Without loss of generality, we use the dynamical equivalence between f ( (cid:0) R ) gravity and scalar–tensor theories to construct a pointlike Lagrangian in the flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker space–time. We first show the dynamical equivalence between the Palatini f ( (cid:0) R ) gravity and the Brans–Dicke theory with a self-interaction potential and then show the dynamical equivalence between the Brans–Dicke theory with a self-interaction potential and the minimally coupled O'Hanlon theory. We show the existence of new Euclidean wormhole solutions for this O'Hanlon theory ; in a special case, we find the corresponding form of f ( (cid:0) R ) that has a wormhole solution. For small values of the Ricci scalar, this f ( (cid:0) R ) agrees with the wormhole solution obtained for the higher-order gravity theory (cid:0) R + (cid:2) (cid:0) R 2 , (cid:2) < 0 .


This paper presents the first demonstration of autonomous roofing with a multicopter. A DJI S1000 octocopter equipped with an off-the-shelf nailgun and an adjustableslope roof mock-up were used. The nailgun was modified to allow triggering from the vehicle and tooltip compression feedback. A mount was designed to adjust the angle to match representative roof slopes. An open-source octocopter autopilot facilitated controller adaptation for the roofing application. A state machine managed autonomous nailing sequences using smooth trajectories designed to apply prescribed contact forces for reliable nail deployment. Experimental results showed that the system is capable of nailing within a required three centimeter gap on the shingle. Extensions to achieve a complete autonomous roofing system are discussed as future work.


Abstract Sleep spindles, along with K-complexes are hallmarks of stage 2 non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep EEG. Sleep spindles are of significant interest because they are associated with phenomena such as 'stability' of sleep, updating of knowledge with new memories, processing of sensorimotor and mnemonic information. Therefore, accurately marking their presence in sleep recordings is essential. Accurate identification of spindles in EEG recordings has proved to be a time consuming task, even with the help of experts. Further, manual detection by different experts introduces disparity and biases due to inter-rater differences. Hence there is a crucial need for an automated detection algorithm. The objective of this paper was to develop a robust algorithm for real-time automated spindle detection based on the wavelet packet decomposition. The developed algorithm replicates the marking methodology used by sleep specialists to identify spindles. Spindles are transient 11–16 Hz oscillations present in NRE...


Author(s): Hadidi, Kaivin | Advisor(s): Tor, Yitzhak | Abstract: Advancement and investigation of cellular delivery vehicles using guanidinoglycosides for the transport of biologically relevant cargos are reported. Insertion of the PEG-modified phospholipid DSPE-PEG-OMe 2000 and a lipophilic guanidinoneomycin derivative on the surface of liposomes diminishes uptake of the nanoassemblies and is dependent on the amount of DSPE-PEG-OMe inserted on the liposome surface. To illustrate this, liposomes with guanidinoneomycin on the bilayer surface (i.e., GNeosomes) were treated with varying amounts of the PEG-modified phospholipid and subsequently analyzed to study the effects on liposomal size, zeta potential, and cellular uptake. By systematically protecting GNeosomes through inserting varying amounts of PEG chains into liposomal bilayers, methodical control over cellular uptake is obtained. Additionally, an analysis of modified amino- and guanidino-glycosides derived from kanamycin, tobramycin, and neomycin in native and mutant CHO cells is examined using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, illustrating the significance of multivalency for mammalian cell internalization of carriers that specifically interact with cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans.


The study, Mind the Gap between Grade Three and Four is written within the research fields of Mathematics Education. The research interests in the study concerns how to achieve a smooth transition ...


Cheongju Donglim fortress is a stone-built fortress in the form of Samobong(Samtaegi), and its circumference measures 954.6m around This is considerably large in size for a fortress found in the Baekje region, so it seems to have functioned as a base fortress in this area. Meanwhile, this fortress is generally understood as a stone-built structure, and its remains have two types of masonry. The remaining part of the south-west wall shows that the wall was built by laying out square and rectangular stones alternately and seamlessly. Based on this finding, the fortress appears to be a stone-built fortress of Baekje. Although the relics collected inside the fortress were only pieces of roof tiles and earthenware, they generally seemed to be those of the late Baekje. In this respect, Donglim fortress can be understood as a base fortress which was responsible for the defense of the outskirts of the castle during the late Baekje period. In addition, a bastion newly found in the west of Donglim fortress was studied. The bastion is a stone-built fortress with the circumference of 364m and was classified as Samonong in its form Although the original structure of the bastion has not survived, its ruins (traces) exposed during the construction of hiking trails were similar to those of Bumo-fortress 1 bastion. This bastion of Donglim fortress was built to provide clear visibility and to protect the outside of Donglim fortress. This manner of fortress arrangement, which has the parent fortress and a bastion, is one form of the fortress arrangements of Baekje and is also found in nearby Bumo fortress as well in Daejeon and Okcheon areas. Donglim fortress and its bastion are noteworthy with respect to the operating time of Baekje's stone-built fortress. However, if not preceded by detailed research such as surface survey and excavation, this view is inconclusive. At this point, I propose a scrutinized survey and hope this is an opportunity to find Baekje's line of defense or the type of Baekje's stone-built fortress.


This project aims to achieve facial expression transfer directly between 2D RGB images by deep learning. Facial expression transfer is an operation to extract facial expression from one person, namely source, and generate the extracted expression on the face of another person, namely target, while maintaining the target's facial identity. In this project, Facial Action Coding System (FACS) [1] is used to encode facial expression in a nondiscrete and anatomical accurate manner. A website and an android mobile application were developed to provide service of facial expression transfer. The website and android application were built based on the OpenFace 2.0 toolkit [4] to extract facial expression and the GANimation model implemented by Pumarola et al. [3] to perform facial expression generation. Acknowledgement We would like to expression our deep gratitude to our supervisor, Dr. Dirk Schnieders. We changed our project topic and supervisor once in the middle of September. We would like to thank Dr. Dirk Schnieders for his patient and guidance for this project in such a hurry situation. We would also like to thank Miss Yeung Hei Tung for her advice on the user interface design of the android application.


This research adopts the Vision and Mission of a textile company headquartered in Tangerang. This company produces producing polo shirts, golf shirts, track suits, sweat shirts, and pants using materials such as single jersey, pique, lace in cotton, polyester, and others. The company's vision and mission can represent other textile companies that have the same processes and products. The characteristics of textile companies that have processes with human skill factors become critical points that are difficult to replace with robot technology. This has an impact on the needs of a large number of human resources in the industry. The increase in labor costs which always increases every year has a very significant impact on production costs. Thus, expansion is one of the critical factors to be used as a top management strategy in determining the current KPI items. The Balanced Scorecard is a performance evaluation method that can meet these expectations. The design of company performance measurement in this study begins with the translation of the company's vision and mission, secondly, making a proposed corporate strategy using the PQCDSME approach (profit, quality, Cost, Delivery, Service, Moral, Environment). Third, calcify the company's strategy into the perspective of the balanced scorecard. Fourth, the decision making process to determine KPI items using the brainstorming method. Fifth, determining the critical success factor and key performance indicator. Other factors are also compared between the achievement of the previous year as an illustration of determining a target. So the target given will be in accordance with the SMART rules (speciefic, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely). The results are obtained with 4 criteria (financial, consumer, internal business processes, learning and growth). This performance measurement produced 19 key performance indicators, consisting of 6 financial perspective indicators, 1 customer perspective indicator, 7 internal business process perspective indicators, and 5 growth and learning perspective indicators.


Industrial man's central social ritual is employment. This article is about my continuing personal explorations of the link between the condition of employment and a range of pressing issues - alienation, the overconsumption of scarce resources and pollution. I am expressing here a point of view relevant in limited time and space. Since the tradition of industrial social and behavioural enquiry is geared to maintaining a deception, our primary task is the search for reality. The case against the institutions of employment begins with their literary basis (the central role of written words and numbers in transactions) and rational veneer. Rites in this context fail to fulfil the function of religious activity. Employment, in short, is bad ritual. Important, though. debatable, distinctions are made here between positive work and negative employment and the consumption of the former by the latter. Attention is focused on the convergence of employment and ritual with the growth of large organizations and the service sector and their links with the demise of management. At the pivot of employment and its maintenance stands the manager, propped up by the professional, educator, and trade unionist, with his lopsided and now dysfunctional view of organization. His stereotyped means of maintaining control by and within the closed system of employment has led to the flight into bad ritual. The second part of the paper considers some solutions which fit the belief expounded by Illich above. It recommends a return to the pursuit of emancipation as a primary concern in re-examining the relationship between man, work and employment. The final section is an attack on the wastefulness, suffering and lunacy of industrial man's continuing faith in compulsory employment. Escape from its enslavement can only come from making public, and acting on, the private feelings that a large section of men and women in employment now harbour.


unit teaching and the expanded role of the teacher with the facilitative environments to support that role. IGE teachers and administrators need early and continuing inservice education to develop their human relations and interpersonal skills or the entire system will fall flat on its face. When IGE or multiunit schools have not been successful, interpersonal problems have been one of the principal


Moving boundary and paper electrophoresis were applied to crude and deionized enzyme preparations from cultures of Aspergillus oryzae. Five main protein components were observed by both methods and four additional minor components were demonstrated with the paper method.


The study did a critical assessment of housing quality in the urban core of Ado-Ekiti, the State Capital of Ekiti State. Data for the work were collected from both primary and secondary sources. 300 questionnaires were distributed using random sampling technique for effective coverage of the entire urban core and 295 questionnaires were retrieved. Descriptive analysis method of data analysis was employed. The results from the study indicated that many of the building elements, such as roofs, doors, windows, walls, ceilings and floors were in deplorable conditions, the status of these elements make many of the buildings unqualified for human habitation. Therefore, the study recommends the need for building maintenance advocacy (BMA), the need for governmental policy for dilapidated/bad buildings to be renovated, sell or lease out, also, on the part of government there should be massive urban renewal and redevelopment within the urban core. Keywords : Condition, deplorable-housing, housing- quality and housing-status.


The main problem of this study was "Is there any significant difference in passive voice mastery between the eleventh grade students in math-science and social major of State Senior High School 6 of Palembang?" Thus, the main objective of this study was to find out whether or not there is significant difference in passive voice mastery between the eleventh grade students in math-science and social major. In conducting the study, the writer used causalcomparative analysis. To obtain the data, the writer used two instruments; passive voice test and questionnaire. The data of passive voice test was analyzed through Standard Deviation (SD) finding which is combined to the Degree of Freedom finding (DF), and used the T-Test formula with Separated Variance Pattern. In analyzing the questionnaire, the writer calculated the percentage of each item. Based on the analysis, the average score of passive voice test obtained by math-science students was 88.2 while social students got 80.9. Furthermore, the result of questionnaire showed that mathscience students gave 75% of positive perceptions toward English class, on the other hand, social students only gave 25%. The calculation of comparative analysis showed that tobservation was lower than ttable (0.184<1.995). It indicates that Ho was accepted and Ha was rejected. In other words, there was no significant difference in passive voice mastery between the eleventh grade students in mathscience and social major of State Senior High School 6 of Palembang.


Introduction:
 Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a rare but devastating form of stroke. Currently surgical clipping and endovascular embolization are the two therapeutic options for treatment of intracerebral aneurysm. The reported complication rate associated with the initial endovascular treatment is about 2-40%. However, outcome and complications after target aneurysmal retreatment (TAR) is unknown. Our objective is to report clinical and imaging outcomes for TAR.

 Design/Methods:
 We identified patients who underwent TAR from a hospital neurointerventional database. We collected data on demographics, peri-procedural complications, clinical and imaging outcomes at the discharge and last follow-up. Peri-procedural complications were reported as intra operative perforation (IOP), thromboembolic event (TEE), both were considered symptomatic if patient develop new neurological deficit lasting for increase in NIHSS . Length of hospital stay, modified Ranking Scale (mRS), discharge disposition, recurrent SAH, re-treatment of the same aneurysm, and mortality were measured at discharge and follow up appointments. Complete data was available for 115/155 (74%) cases.

 Results:
 There were total of 155/1169 (13.3%) cases underwent TAR with mean age of 55 ( 3), 98 (63%) were females, and 118 (76%) were Caucasians. One hundred four (67%), had aneurysm located in the anterior circulation, 4/116 (3%) underwent TAR for recurrent acute SAH, 72/116 (62%) required stent and 10/116 (9%) required balloon assist. There were total of 5/115 (4%) IOP, and 8/115 (7%) TEE from which 2/115 (2%), and 1/115 (1%) were symptomatic respectively for a total of 3/115 (2.6%) patients. 117/151 (77%) had complete immediate obliteration of the aneurysm after TAR. Ninety five patients (83%) had mean length of hospital stay with 143/151 (95%) patients discharged home. At discharge 99/114 (87%) patients, had mRS with 0% mortality. Total of 90/155 (58%) patients had average follow up of 14 months with 8/90 (9%) requiring a 2
 nd
 TAR and 1/90 (1%) requiring 3
 rd
 TAR for recanalization. There was no re-rupture after the 1
 st
 TAR for the duration of follow-up period of 14 ( in total of 90 patients).

 Conclusions:
 In our study the rate of symptomatic events following TAR after initial endovascular therapy is 3/115 (2.6%) with 77% obliteration rate and 0% re-repture rate. TAR after an initial endovascular treatment is safe with an acceptable rate of complications and may be effective, suggested by lower rate of re-rupture.


Prediction and discovery of new materials with desired properties are at the forefront of quantum science and technology research. A major bottleneck in this field is the computational resources and time complexity related to finding new materials from ab initio calculations. In this work, an effective and robust deep learning-based model is proposed by incorporating persistent homology and graph neural network which offers an accuracy of 91.4% and an F1 score of 88.5% in classifying topological vs. non-topological materials, outperforming the other state-of-the-art classifier models. The incorporation of the graph neural network encodes the underlying relation between the atoms into the model based on their own crystalline structures and thus proved to be an effective method to represent and process non-euclidean data like molecules with a relatively shallow network. The persistent homology pipeline in the suggested neural network is capable of integrating the atom-specific topological information into the deep learning model, increasing robustness, and gain in performance. It is believed that the presented work will be an efficacious tool for predicting the topological class and therefore enable the high-throughput search for novel materials in this field.


Paweł Jonczyk1, Magdalena Potempa1, Dariusz Kajdaniuk2 © Pediatr Med Rodz 2015, 11 (3), p. 302–314 © Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (CC BY-NC-ND). Reproduction is permitted for personal, educational, non-commercial use, provided that the original article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited. DOI: 10.15557/PiMR.2015.0029 Received: 27.03.2015 Accepted: 28.05.2015 Published: 30.09.2015 Analiza stopnia odżywienia i zaburzeń odżywiania oraz charakterystyka przyzwyczajeń żywieniowych i aktywności fizycznej wśród dzieci szkolnych w wieku 6–13 lat w mieście Piekary Śląskie / Level of nutrition and nutrition disorders as well as characteristics of dietary habits and physical activity among 6–13-year-old school children in the city of Piekary Śląskie in Poland


robustness of results. RESULTS: RLAI generates health benefits of 0.04 QALYs over olanzapine (mainly due to improved compliance) and 0.15 QALYs over haloperidol depot (mainly due to improved symptom control). Cost-savings are generated over both comparators (Sweden: €425 [4000 kr] and €5750 [~54,000 kr]) as reductions in hospitalization and psychiatrist costs offset medication costs. Health gains combined with cost savings imply dominance. The MSA suggest results are robust to changes in parameters, but respond to patient distribution and the modeled treatment differences (in terms of side effects, compliance, and symptom reduction). The MSA showed that there is a 57% and 93% chance that RLAI dominates olanzapine and haloperidol depot respectively. Health gains and cost savings due to RLAI are largest amongst the more severe patients. Average time until treatment discontinuation on haloperidol depot, olanzapine and RLAI is predicted to be 1.11, 1.24 and 1.44 years, respectively. CONCLUSION: RLAI is predicted to dominate olanzapine and haloperidol depot in Sweden. Outcomes are robust to reasonable changes in input parameters. Health benefits and cost savings are largest amongst more severe patients.


A comparative slaughter experiment was conducted with beef steers to determine the energy utilization of six specific mixtures of a roughage basal and a concentrate basal diet. Of special interest were comparisons of relationships among metabolizable energy (ME) utilization, net energy values and diet composition. ME (kcal/g) was linearly related to proportion of roughage in the diet (r = -.96) and to mean net energy values determined for the diets (r = -.99 for NE m and r = -.97 for NEg). None of these regressions had significant curvilinear components. Since the efficiency of ME utilization for maintenance (km) or for gain (kg) is the product of the reciprocal of ME and NEm or NEg, a curvilinear relationship could be expected between the proportion of roughage in the diet and km or kg. However, these relationships were also linear (r = .96 and -.93, respectively). These findings along with some observations made from the literature form the basis for the suggestion that experimental variability (technical and animal) together with the model chosen to present the results of a particular trial may be responsible for some reports of the associative effects of feeds. (


AIM To study mRNA expression difference of Kir2 1 and Kir3 1 potassium channels in rat smooth muscle and other tissues. METHODS mRNA expressions were detected by RT PCR, comparative expression levels were determined by imaging densitometer. RESULTS Both Kir2 1 and Kir3 1 mRNA were expressed in rat left ventricle, cerebral cortex, aortal smooth muscle, urinary bladder smooth muscle and airway smooth muscle. The relative expression levels of Kir2 1(Kir2 1/GAPDH) were aortal smooth muscleleft ventricle=cerebral cortex=airway smooth muscleurinary bladder smooth muscle; the relative expression levels of Kir3 1 (Kir3 1/GAPDH)were aortal smooth muscle= airway smooth muscleleft ventricle=cerebral cortex =urinary bladder smooth muscle. CONCLUSION mRNA expression levels of Kir2 1 and Kir3 1 in different tissues were different, this different expressions have physiological significance.


Fieldwork evidence and interview data are used to demonstrate that indigent criminal defendants believe legal representation provided by public defenders is inferior to privately retained counsel. While acknowledging this pejorative image, public defenders tend to trivialize client perceptions. Techniques of neutralization are used to describe the accommodation patterns utilized by public defenders to cope with this negative image. Findings are discussed in relation to these neutralization techniques.


Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy of plasmacytoid dendritic precursor cells. Lacking standard therapy due to limited understanding of biology and historical rarity of the disease, clinical outcomes for BPDCN patients remain poor. Surface overexpression of CD123/IL3Rα is seen 70-80% of patients with AML (Han et.al, Clin Cancer Res, 2017) and in nearly 100% of BPDCN cases, with a markedly high intensity compared to normal hematopoietic stem cells, thus making CD123 an attractive target for BPDCN treatment.
 IMGN632 is a CD123-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a novel humanized anti-CD123 antibody G4723A linked to a DNA mono-alkylating payload of the indolindobenzodiazepine pseudodimer (IGN) class of cytotoxic compounds. IMGN632 demonstrates potent activity in AML samples at low concentrations with minimal impact on normal bone marrow progenitors, and anti-leukemia effects in AML xenograft models (Kovtun et.al., Blood Advances, 2018). A phase I clinical trial of IMGN632 in relapse/ refractory AML (NCT033865) is now being performed and achieved encouraging results. We thus explored the anti-tumor effect of IMGN632 in BPDCN.
 We first tested the in vitro activity of IMGN632 in a BPDCN cell line CAL-1. Cells were exposed to control antibody or IMGN632 at various concentration for 96 hours, after which viable cell numbers were measured using AnnexinV /DAPI assay with counting beads by flow cytometry. IMGN632 demonstrated cytotoxic activity at 0.2μg/ml, with stronger effects at concentrations of 2μg/ml and above (Figure 1A).
 Next, the in vivo efficacy of IMGN632 was evaluated in BPDCN patient-derived-xenograft (PDX) models. NSG mice (6-8 weeks old) were injected with 1e6/mouse BPDCN cells by tail vein 24 hours after 250cGY sublethal irradiation. Upon confirmation of the bone marrow engraftment of hCD45/hCD123 cells by bone marrow aspiration, mice were randomized to 5 or 8 mice/group and received weekly intravenous vehicle, control antibody or IMGN632 by tail vein injection 24 hours following FcR blockade (400mg/kg naked antibody by intraperitoneal injection) for 3 weeks. Bone marrow engraftment and survival were monitored.
 For model A, the mice received either 24μg/kg or 240μg/kg of IMGN632. For model B, the mice received 240μg/kg IMGN632. Both samples responded to the IMGN632 treatment, with the engraftment lower than 1% in the bone marrow after 3 doses, compared with over 90% in vehicle and control antibody group (Figure 1B). All mice from vehicle and control antibody groups in model A died by 52 days after cell injection; the 24μg/kg IMGN632 treated mice had prolonged survival with median survival of 111 days (p<0.0001), and the 240μg/kg IMGN632 treated mice are still alive after more than 140 days (p<0.0001) (Figure 1C). In the aggressive model B, a fraction of mice in each group died before efficacy could be established; the rest of the mice survived a median of 39 days in the control arm and 60 days in IMGN632-treated animals (p=0.0343) (Figure 1D). No evidence of treatment-related toxicity was observed using murine weight as a read-out.
 In summary, our preliminary data demonstrate pre-clinical proof of targeting CD123 in BPDCN using a novel antibody-drug conjugate. IMGN632 exhibited promising anti-tumor effects in BPDCN in vitro and in vivo, even at a dose 10-fold lower than the anticipated therapeutically active dose. This large therapeutic window would be expected to be advantageous when used in combination with other treatments in BPDCN.

 Adams: ImmunoGen Inc.: Employment. Callum:ImmunoGen Inc.: Employment. Lane:Stemline Therapeutics: Research Funding; N-of-one: Consultancy. Kovtun:ImmunoGen Inc.: Employment. Daver:Daiichi-Sankyo: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy; Novartis: Research Funding; Incyte: Consultancy; BMS: Research Funding; Kiromic: Research Funding; Otsuka: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Consultancy; Alexion: Consultancy; Sunesis: Consultancy; Pfizer: Research Funding; Sunesis: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; ARIAD: Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy; ImmunoGen: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Research Funding. Pemmaraju:Affymetrix: Research Funding; SagerStrong Foundation: Research Funding; plexxikon: Research Funding; daiichi sankyo: Research Funding; samus: Research Funding; celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; abbvie: Research Funding; cellectis: Research Funding; stemline: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; novartis: Research Funding. McKay:ImmunoGen Inc.: Employment. Konopleva:Stemline Therapeutics: Research Funding.


The short-term and long-term versions of Industrial Source Complex Models (ISCST3 and ISCLT3) are evaluated for estimating long-term concentrations using sulfur dioxide data from emission inventory of Lucas County, Ohio for the year 1990. The ISCST3 and ISCLT3 models are used to predict monthly and quarterly averages of sulfur dioxide concentrations. Uncertainties associated with the model's predictions are estimated using the bootstrap resampling method. Confidence intervals on the fractional mean bias, normalized mean square error, geometric mean bias and geometric variance are calculated for each model and differences between models. Intercomparison of the ISCST3 and ISCLT3 models indicated that these models yielded relatively good performance in their prediction of monthly and quarterly average concentrations, with relative fractional biases of 0.26 to 0.55 and normalized mean square error values that are about 0.12 to 0.44. Both the ISCST3 and ISCLT3 models predicted concentrations that are lower than the observed concentrations. The concentrations predicted by the ISCST3 model were closer to the observed concentrations when compared with the concentrations obtained using the ISCLT3 model. The study suggests that the ISCST3 model is better for estimating long-term concentrations of sulfur dioxide as compared to the ISCLT3 model.


Fishery potentials and physicochemical parameters of four selected reservoirs including Kogingirin, Liberty, Lamingo and Tolemache in Jos metropolis were investigated for an interval of three months from August 2015 to February 2016. A total of seven fish species namely Oreochromis niloticus, Hemichromis bimaculatus, Tilapia zilli, Cyprinus carpio, Clarias gariepinus, Barbus occidentalis and Lates niloticus, distributed into four families, were found cross the reservoirs. The highest numbers of six species were recorded in Liberty reservoir while only one species was found in Kogingirin reservoir. The condition factor of the fishes from Kogingirin and Liberty reservoirs was 1.50, while those in Lamingo and Tolemache were 2.30 and 2.00 respectively. The water quality parameters of the reservoirs showed that they were within the range for the survival of aquatic life. The findings are discussed with implications for sensitization of the relevant authority towards the fisheries potential of these water bodies which could improve the economic life of the communities around them by boosting adequate fishing activities for the purpose of best practices.


Research suggests that providing specific and timely feedback to human tutors enhances their performance. However, it presents challenges due to the time-consuming nature of assessing tutor performance by human evaluators. Large language models, such as the AI-chatbot ChatGPT, hold potential for offering constructive feedback to tutors in practical settings. Nevertheless, the accuracy of AI-generated feedback remains uncertain, with scant research investigating the ability of models like ChatGPT to deliver effective feedback. In this work-in-progress, we evaluate 30 dialogues generated by GPT-4 in a tutor-student setting. We use two different prompting approaches, the zero-shot chain of thought and the few-shot chain of thought, to identify specific components of effective praise based on five criteria. These approaches are then compared to the results of human graders for accuracy. Our goal is to assess the extent to which GPT-4 can accurately identify each praise criterion. We found that both zero-shot and few-shot chain of thought approaches yield comparable results. GPT-4 performs moderately well in identifying instances when the tutor offers specific and immediate praise. However, GPT-4 underperforms in identifying the tutor's ability to deliver sincere praise, particularly in the zero-shot prompting scenario where examples of sincere tutor praise statements were not provided. Future work will focus on enhancing prompt engineering, developing a more general tutoring rubric, and evaluating our method using real-life tutoring dialogues.


The 5' region of the rRNA operon, rrnA, of M. capricolum was cloned. Sequence analysis revealed two tRNA genes, tRNA(leu) and tRNA(lys), upstream to the promoter of the rRNA operon. The in vivo transcription start sites of the rRNA operon and of the tRNA genes were mapped. The same promoters used by M. capricolum RNA polymerase are also recognized by E. coli RNA polymerase both in vivo and in vitro. We find that high levels of ppGpp in E. coli, resulting from amino acid starvation or from spoT mutation, activate rather than repress the transcription of the mycoplasma rrnA operon.