This disclosure reveals an operation executing method and an operation executing device, which belong to the field of wearable equipment. The operation executing method comprises the steps of: acquiring a user state through bound wearable equipment when the execution of payment operation is monitored and an identity authentication method based on the wearable equipment is adopted; detecting whether the user state is in a waking state; and forbidding the execution of payment operation if the user state is not in the waking state, or replacing the identity authentication method based on the wearable equipment with other identity authentication methods. The operation executing method and the operation executing device solve the problem that the identity authentication method based on the wearable equipment might be unsafe when the user state is not in the waking state, and achieves the effect that network property of the user can be effectively protected even if the user is in a sleep state or comatose state.


To find the reasonable cubic conformations of tetrandrine. The molecular dynamics calculations were performed with one molecule in NVT system at fixed temperature(500 K) during 50 ps. The simulation step was 0.5 fs and samples were taken every 10 steps.The distribution of distance of C13_C26、 C42_C44、 C2_C9 and O39_O45 was recorded. The results suggest that there be a triangle cycle in molecule. The methoxyl groups exist in the outside of molecule and rotate freely relatively.The side of C42 and O38 in molecule move within a larger range compared with that of C44 and O38 . The tetrahydroisoquiolines can exchange between boat and chair conformations by themselves. The part with N9 changes more greatly than another part with N18.[Conclusion] Eight conformations were found according to the potential level of within 5 kcal/mol relative to the conformation with lowest energy.


Some recent results on Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) decays in highly excited, equilibrated nuclei, are discussed based primarily on work done at Seattle. Four sections address the following topics: oblate shapes of rotating, highly excited Zr--Mo nuclei; adiabatic versus motionally narrowed' GDR decay; large spin-driven deformations observed in hot medium-mass nuclei; and search for entrance channel effects in GDR decay following [sup 58]Ni [plus] [sup 92]Zr fusion. 22 refs.


We investigate the effect of an external periodic driving on the self-trapping transitions of two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential. Exact nonlinear Floquet solutions are obtained when the driving parameters satisfy certain conditions. These solutions can give an analytic demonstration of the ac control of self-trapping transitions.


Recognition of acoustic patterns in natural sounds depends on the transmission of temporal information. Octopus cells of the mammalian ventral cochlear nucleus form a pathway that encodes the timing of firing of groups of auditory nerve fibers with exceptional precision. Whole-cell patch recordings from octopus cells were used to examine how the brevity and precision of firing are shaped by intrinsic conductances. Octopus cells responded to steps of current with small, rapid voltage changes. Input resistances and membrane time constants averaged 2.4 MΩ and 210 μsec, respectively (n = 15). As a result of the low input resistances of octopus cells, action potential initiation required currents of at least 2 nA for their generation and never occurred repetitively. Backpropagated action potentials recorded at the soma were small (10–30 mV), brief (0.24–0.54 msec), and tetrodotoxin-sensitive. The low input resistance arose in part from an inwardly rectifying mixed cationic conductance blocked by cesium and potassium conductances blocked by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). Conductances blocked by 4-AP also contributed to the repolarization of the action potentials and suppressed the generation of calcium spikes. In the face of the high membrane conductance of octopus cells, sodium and calcium conductances amplified depolarizations produced by intracellular current injection over a time course similar to that of EPSPs. We suggest that this transient amplification works in concert with the shunting influence of potassium and mixed cationic conductances to enhance the encoding of the onset of synchronous auditory nerve fiber activity.


The present invention as the invention relates to a method, apparatus, and computer-readable medium for determining a location of the user terminal, the method comprising: - receiving the broadcast TV signals from the user terminals from a TV transmitter, - determine a range, the first doctor between a user terminal and a TV signal transmitter based on a known component of the broadcast TV signals - receiving the mobile phone signal from the mobile phone base station at the user terminal, - determine a range, and - second pseudo between the mobile phone and the mobile user terminal based on the known signal component of the telephone exchanges - determining a position of a user terminal in the range, location, and based on the location of the mobile telephone exchanges of a TV signal transmitter, wherein the first and second doctor And a step.


A test campaign has been carried out to determine the interlaminar tensile strength (ILTS) in AS4/8552 composite laminates with different thicknesses, following AITM 1-0069 and ASTM D6415/D6415M-06a standards. Results show that L-shaped samples with low thicknesses present lower values of the ILTS. Numerical finite element (FE) models of the samples have been carried out and the results of the numerical analyses have been compared with the experimental measurements, showing that a loss of stiffness has taken place in the samples. Optical inspection of the samples has shown up a significant misalignment of the fibers in the curved part that justifies the loss of stiffness in all samples and the loss of strength in the thinner samples.


HAp-5wt%SiO2 bioceramic composites were prepared successfully by sintering the powders of hydroxyapatite(HAp) mixed directly with additive of 5.0wt%SiO2 at 1200℃.XRD and FT-IR analyses of the sintered samples demonstrate that the SiO2 additive promotes the thermal decomposition of HAp.The major phase compositions of the HAp/SiO2 composite consist of α-TCP,HAp,Ca2P2O7,bioglass(BG),and etc.The in vitro bioactivity assessments show that the petal-like apatite sediments appear on the surface of the sample after soaking for 24h in stimulated body fluid(SBF),and the plate sediments form as the soaking time is increased to 72h.After further immersing up to 120h,the sample surface is fully covered by a thicker bone-like apatite layer.XRD analyses indicate that the apatite layer is mainly composed of hydroxycarbonate apatite(HCA),which is the major inorganic component of the human bone.As compared with pure HAp,the synthesized HAp-5wt%SiO2 bioceramic composite has a superior in vitro bioactivity,and it can be expected to act as a potential material for bone repair.


An approach is developed which expands the diffracted field as a bundle of inhomogeneous plane waves each of which is diffracted separately. The analysis leads to a result in terms of double Fresnel integrals which can be evaluated efficiently by various means. In addition to geometrical generality, this double diffraction coefficient is simple to apply, since it is directly related to the product of two single diffraction coefficients. Each of 16 terms of the new formulation corresponds to one of the 16 terms obtained when two single-wedge diffraction coefficients are multiplied as in a mechanical application of UTD (uniform theory of diffraction) to double-wedge diffraction. For terms not in transition, the new formulation reduces to the UTD product, term by term. The geometry of two perfectly conducting wedges is shown, and their separation is indicated. A comparison between the new theory and the straightforward application of UTD is presented.<<ETX>>


The work aimed was to identify the effect of varieties on the parasitic activity of Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem. in the system of underground and aboveground organs of spring wheat. The research was carried out in 2020-2021 in the northern forest-steppe of Priobye region. The tasks of the study were to investigate the development of root rot and the etiology of the disease on the underground organs of a number of spring wheat varieties of different geographical origin; determine the role of varieties in the manifestation of dark brown leaf spot and black germ of spring wheat grain; establish the presence or absence of relationships between forms of helminthosporium; identify the effect of varieties on the intensity of reproduction B. Sorokiniana on root leaves and the number of conidia of the phytopathogen in the rhizosphere soil The authors used a collection of 15 varieties of spring wheat. The study did not identify any varieties whose underground organs showed resistance to fusarium-helminthosporium rot. Root rot development averaged over the organs to reach 3.8 units of Economic Threshold of Harmfulness (ETH) in 2020, and in 2021 - 4.4 units of ETH. The effect of the "variety" factor on the incidence of root rot in spring wheat was 31.8% and the "year" factor 30.3%. The authors presented the etiology of root rot of spring wheat cultivars by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem. and fungi of the genus Fusarium Link. The ratio of phytopathogenes on underground organs was determined by conditions of the year and phytosanitary state of soil; the ratio varied from 1:1 to 11:1 with predominance of fungi of genus Fusarium. The prevalence of brown spot disease reached 1.9 units to 5 units ETH in the lactic maturity phase of the cultivars. The correlation coefficient between the development of root rot and the prevalence of dark brown spot was 0.526±251 and was statistically reliable. Variety differences in the prevalence of grain black spot reached 11.4 times, 3 varieties (Sibirskaya 17, Novosibirskaya 15, Ruslada) were affected at the threshold level; 4 varieties were affected to a moderate degree; 7 varieties were severely affected. Коэффициент корреляции распространенности темно-бурой пятнистости и черноты зародыша составил 0,521±232 и был статистически достоверным на 1%-м уровне значимости. The authors used Ward's hierarchical clustering method to divide the plants into two groups according to the sporulation dynamics of B. sorokiniana on the root leaves of spring wheat. The first group of spring wheat was with a uniform rate. The second group were varieties of wheat with an exponential jump in sporulation intensity. The varieties Jin Chun 2 (China) and K-65834 (Tajikistan) were the most active sources of B. sorokiniana reproduction in both study years. The size of the soil population of the phytopathogen reflected the intensity


ABSTRACT This study aims to see how Iranian cities urban discourses are celebrating diversity. The comprehensive plans of the five most diverse cities of Iran are analyzed based on six diversity policies categories through a content analysis methodology. Results indicate that Iranian cities comprehensive plans are prone to celebrate diversity. Still, they are not designed based on the whole idea of diversity and "diversity in planning" is more considered than "planning for diversity". Hence, plans must consider policies in a way that they contribute to the recognition of diverse people and their needs, make their voices be heard and redistribute goods and services based on diverse individuals' needs. Through their policies, they should predispose sociocultural and physical environments to welcome different socioeconomic households and provide socio-cultural inclusion. Finally, they are expected to facilitate encounters and social interactions to create cohesion and trust by making people know others and their differences better.


Exhausted catalytic converter of cars represent an opportunity on economic and environmental aspects to re use the metals that it contains and this is possible through chemical procedures. There are different methods to extract this metals, in this case it will be used a foundry process to extract metals containes into the monolith, and it will be used an hydrometallurgical method, using hydracids, to obtain a solution that contait those metals. It is used an atomic absortion spectrophotometer to identify metals that exist on the catalytic converter and to determine the amount of concentration of the metals in the extracted samples. With this procedure is quantified high concentrations to Al, Ni, As, and low concentrations to Cd and Co.


Based on the inherent process of knowledge development,the specific topic-based instructional model can be set as a series of topics with explicit theme,step by step progress and plenty of exploration,which is specially used for lecturing important and difficult issues.This paper analyzes there design patterns and the implementations of the specific topic-based instructional model,designs specific topic instances for the course of 'Signals and Systems',and elaborates the implementation process,teacher and student roles,construction of specific topic library and new scheme of grading assessment as well.


Recently we encountered a combination of these problems in a 62-year-old patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and renal failure secondary to mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis. For over 20 years he had suffered from ITP refractory to steroids and azathioprine and had been considered unfit for splenectomy because of his renal dysfunction. Severe epistaxis led to blood transfusion, increased steroid dose and acute-onchronic renal failure with gross fluid overload. In view of his cardiovascular instability and thrombocytopenia, he was dialysed using an acute stylet catheter. This measure controlled his fluid overload and renal failure despite heavily blood-stained effluent. Later a Tenckhoff catheter was inserted percutaneously using a standard trocar under cover of platelet transfusion. Despite seemingly adequate hemostasis at insertion, blood-stained effluent persisted for several days and did not remit with high dose steroids or continued platelet transfusion. Sandoglobulin (36 9 iv x 4 days) produced a rapid rise in platelet count and complete clearing of peritoneal dialysate. This allowed troublefree dialysis for several weeks despite a subsequent fall in platelet count (Fig. 1). However the blood stained effluent returned and one-way catheter obstruction developed, which proved refractory to catheter manipulation and urokinase infusion. Dialysis continued with an acute stylet catheter and a further course of Sandoglobulin was given with the intention of performing a splenectomy if the thrombocytopenia remitted. He then suffered a cardiorespiratory arrest and died. Autopsy showed no evidence of intraabdominal bleeding or damage to intra-abdominal vessels by the catheter, which was wrapped in omentum and organised blood clot. This case demonstrates the difficulties of peritoneal dialysis in thrombocytopenic patients, but also demonstrates the expected effect of Sandoglobulin in improving (albeit briefly) the thromypenia of ITP. Most blood-stained effluents resolve spontaneously but occasionally these may lead us to recognize more serious intra-abdominal pathology or indeed, as in this case, catheter failure.


Learning technologies increasingly play a key role in enhancing teaching, learning and assessment. However, it is common practice for English Language trainee teachers to use hard and or soft copies of sample lesson plans presented in a table or list format in the classroom and for feedback. This is the conventional approach used to plan lessons. This approach compounds the complex and complicated process involved in planning ESOL (English to Speakers of Other Languages) lessons. Also the approach does not take advantage of new learning theories and new learning technologies. This paper reports the findings of an ongoing project where a lesson planning tool was designed and developed to replace the conventional approach. This tool, the iLessonPlan, is a prototype interactive online lesson planning tool. In this paper, the design of the iLessonPlan is described, a prototype version is demonstrated and feedback on the use of the tool is presented.


GTD-MOM techniques are studied, the physical model basis is put up by GTD-MOM techniques ,and the far scattered field and radar cross section of a fine perfect conduction cylinders is calculated using this method. The currents on the cylinder consist of three components: the current induced by the incident field and the reflected currents from the cylinder terminations. In comparison with MOM of total domain basis ,this method consumes much less memory and time, and the results of this method are in good agreement with those of MOM.


Body constitution in TCM means that it handed down from one generation to the other which was from the innate genetic factors,was influenced by acquired life,environment and habits,and performed in the body physically and psychologically in a relatively stable but variable state.The modern TCM theory of body constitution was formulated according to the ancient physicians' discussions in past dynasties combined with the modern scholars' study,and had been developed into a more mature theoretical system.To preventing the disease from occurrence and development is the main purpose and significance of studying body constitution.At present the direction of the global medicine has been gradually transferred from disease-medicine to health-medicine,and the future focal point of body constitution research in TCM should explore how to build an integrated medical treatment system of prevention.TCM has a unique and irreplaceable particularity in prevention of diseases,and its differentiation for diagnosis and treatment system can make up the blind spot and difficulty of the current western medicine in diagnosis and treatment in a considerable range.Now TCM body constitution needs to make it more complete to improve the coverage of body constitution identification system,and to investigate the physiological and pathological features of each constitution in normal and pathological states,which will really go with the clinic and bring prevention disease from occurrence and development into a full play.


Roasts were heat processed by infrared and convection to compare the effects of these alternate heating methods upon nutrient retention. In addition to proximate analyses, nutrients analyzed included: thiamin, riboflavin, seven fatty acids, 18 amino acids, ammonia, sodium, phosphorus and iron. Convective heating of turkey breast and corned beef produced a higher product yield. Few significant differences between heat processed samples were revealed. After convection heating of corned beef, riboflavin was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than after infrared heating. Similarly, arachidonic acid (C20:4) was higher in turkey breasts. After infrared heating of pork, aspartic acid, threonine, serine were lower than after convective heating; ammonia was higher.


Iris feature extraction and classifier design are the key steps in iris recognition system, because it will directly affect the effect of iris recognition, especially for real-time iris recognition system, in order to extract enough information as possible while reducing the system Calculation, and find a balance between effectiveness and efficiency in the identification. the current proposed Gobor Dougman filtering is the main feature extraction. However, in the kinds of embedded systems, Gobor function need large amount of calculation, so this chapter put the pyramid matching classification in scenes into feature extraction, established a new model of feature extraction and recognition. The match effect is ideal in after large number of tests


Recent reverses for the celebrated Schwarz inequality in inner
product spaces and applications for discrete and integral inequalities are surveyed.


The rate of V R, T energy relaxation following pulsed ir laser excitation is measured by employing an optoacoustic single pulse method. Under present experimental conditions the operation of convolution applies. The experimental optoacoustic waveform can be viewed as the convolution of the kinetic relaxation waveform with an optoacoustic waveform obtained under very fast energy relaxation conditions. A discrete Fourier transform deconvolution method is applied to optoacoustic measurements on SF6 in argon to obtain the time constant, τ, for energy transfer. The present method gives τP = 182 ± 15 μs torr, in good agreement with other methods. These results were obtained without requiring either a theoretical description of the pressure waveform or an assumed laser irradiation geometry. For convolution to apply, the differential equation describing the pressure pulse must be linear under the conditions of the experiment. The linearity of the system can usually be tested experimentally.


A two-dimensional mathematical model is presented to describe the solidification and cooling of liquid steel. The liquid steel is poured into a mold to obtain a solid mass of desired shape, called an ingot. After cooling of the steel in the mold for some time, the mold is removed. Then the leftover ingot mass is cooled in air. This article is concerned with the above process. Nevertheless, the technique can be very applicable to other processes such as continuous casting. Partial differential equations describing the process have been discretized using control-volume (or finite-volume) technique. The discretization equations obtained are of tridiagonal matrix form, which have been solved using the well-known tridiagonal matrix algorithm (TDMA) and the alternate direction implicit (ADI) solver. The model has been validated by measuring surface temperatures of molds and ingots using an infrared thermo-Vision scanner. This is then used to compute temperature distribution and solidification status of the ingo...


In Today's world developing connectivity, everything remain connected. This makes Security, one of the top issues of each and every Information System in Cyber Space This availability generates also significant risks to computer systems, information and to the critical operations and infrastructures they support. The introduction of technological options have introduced in convenience to the clients and fee effectiveness from the banking perspective, accordingly banks are incredibly obliged to keep integrity of financial transactions and defending the privateness of clients whilst being accountable to the stakeholders. However, the adoption of these technologies has introduced in a massive quantity of records safety threats that may additionally purpose economic liabilities to the banks. Such facts breach incidents can also additionally end result in tarnishing the goodwill of a financial institution and may additionally lead to dropping giant variety of current customers. Therefore, appreciation the information protection threats and stopping such incidents are highly required in a expert banking environment. Therefore, understand the information security threats and stopping such incidents are highly required in a expert banking environment. Thus, the existing study focuses on reading the a number of statistics security threats confronted via the District Co-operative banks and similarly endorse sensible hints for managing the information security threats. Maintain and control of IT infrastructure of organization , District Co-operative Bank and industry cost and time is higher. It is a administrator role to maintain employees of the organization , financial sector and industry to update latest software , set security setting , availability of file and folder in which system employees logo on. It was tremendous task for administrator. For that bank need active directory services for centrally control all banking branch system.


Objective: To investigate the significance and the expression of CD44v5,CD44v6, and epithelial cadherin (E-cd) in gastric primary carcinomas and metastatic lymphnodes . Methods: Immunohistochemical method was used to examine CD44v5, CD44v6, and E-cd expression in 20 normal gastric mucosa tissues, 20 gastric epithelial dysplasia, 185 gastric adenocarcinomas, and 117 metastatic adenocarcinoma lymph nodes. Results: The positive expression rates of CD44v5, CD44v6, and E-cd in gastric epithelial dysplasia were 10.0%(2/20), 20.0%(4/20),and 85.0%(17/20), respectively. In gastric primary adenocarcinomas and metastatic lymphnodes,expression rates were 43.8%(84/185), 66.5%(123/185), and 53.0%(98/185); and 71.8%(84/117), 87.2%(102/117), and 26.5%( 31/117), respectively. There was significant difference among the three groups (P 0.01). The positive expression of CD44v5 was closely correlated with differentiation, histological type, TNM categories,lymph node involvement, and the presence of blood, and lymphatic vessel invasion, whereas such a correlation could not be found for the CD44v6. The positive expression of E-cd was closely correlated with differentiation, histological type, and(TNM) categories. In early gastric carcinomas, the expression of CD44v6 in intestinal-type was much higher than that of diffuse-type(P 0.05) . The expressions of CD44v5 was closely linked to diffuse-type advanced gastric carcinomas. The expression reduction of E-cd was closely related to diffuse-type early and advanced gastric carcinomas. Conclusion: CD44v5, CD44v6, and E-cd might be the valuable markers in assessing biological behavior, invasion, and metastatic potential of gastric carcinomas. The results also support the hypothesis of different origins for the two tumor types.


Zircon U-Pb ages,major and trace element contents and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic composition of whole-rocks from Late Mesozoic intermediate-basic rocks exposed in the northwestern part of western Shandong block were measured.The samples were collected in Jinan,Zouping,Tai'an and Zhangqiu areas.The results show that geochemical characteristics of these intermediate-basic rocks,which are enriched in large-ion lithosphile elements,depleted in high-field strength elements,and have strong fractionation in light and heavy rare-earth elements,high contents of Sr and low contents of Y and Yb,are similar to that of arc magmatic rocks;according to the results of zircon U-Pb dating,the formation ages of intermediate-basic rocks in Zhangqiu and Tai'an areas are 124-128 Ma;Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of intermediate-basic rocks collected in the four areas are similar and relatively enriched,and the two-stage Nd model ages focus on 1.85Ga; Pb isotopic composition of intermediate-basic rock in Zouping area is similar with that of MORB, whereas the rocks in other three areas are significantly similar with ancient crustal material,so that the characteristics probably indicate that the magmas are derived from enriched mantle source transformed by ancient crustal materials of North China block.Possible tectonic scenario for the magma formation of intermediate-basic rock is that during the subduction of Late Mesozoic Pacific plate beneath North China block,the recycle of ancient crustal material of North China block is deep into mantle,and the metasomatism of enriched melting/fluid and overlying North China lithospheric mantle happens,and then partial melting of peridotite from the enriched mantle produces intrusion of Late Mesozoic intermediate-basic rocks in western Shandong block.


Purpose – This paper aims to investigate any cultural impacts on end‐users' web page design in weblogs.Design/methodology/approach – The design preferences of 201 weblogs in Malaysia have been collected using content analysis method and the existence of Malaysian cultural traits on the web pages tested.Findings – The results confirm that there is no cultural impact on weblog designs, which is contrary to existing studies that reported cultural traits in static web page design. This paper concludes by suggesting the increased social interaction among webloggers as one of reasons of weakened cultural impacts in weblog design behaviour.Originality/value – Culture has been considered as one of major factors that affect the design behaviour of static web pages which mostly support one‐way interaction between information providers and information consumers. On the other hand, the recent adoption of Web 2.0 technology enabled bi‐directional interaction between information providers and consumers and it is not kn...


Being competitive in a globalized world have several meanings according to the topic taken into account. This paper focuses on the attractiveness of places, as we assume that being a popular place is an advantage for global competition. And our main question here is to catch the mental maps of the future elite, and to do it on a world scale. We realized an international survey on more than 10000 undergraduate students from 18 countries in 43 cities. The sample was stratified according to five academic fields (geography, art, medicine, political science, management). The first part of the questionnaire allow us to get explanatory variables like age, gender, spoken languages, field of study, socioeconomic background and mobility practices. The second part of the questionnaire is related with places where students would and would not like to live in a near future. We asked the question for both cities and countries - quoting his/her own country was not allowed. Both questions were asked because we expected different results; some global cities might have a really positive image even if the country where it's located is often quoted negatively. Preliminary results show that it's typically the case for some North-American cities like New-York or San-Francisco. The first step was to compare two basics indicators : the first one regards the knowledge aspect (a country/a city is quoted or not), the second one is an asymmetry index between positive and negative quotations. These two indicators were then used as input to built a gravity model to explain (part of) the results. As expected (at least by geographers), size and distance still matter, specially regarding the knowledge indicator. Regarding asymmetry, situation is much more balanced and need complementary explorations. A further step will be to built a logit model in order to control sample size effects and to see, all things being equal, which countries and cities are the most competitive from an attractiveness point of view.


The fast marching method is used to compute a monotone front propagation of anisotropic nature by solving the eikonal equation. Due to the sequential nature of the original algorithm, parallel approaches presented so far were unconvincing. In this work, we introduce a shared-memory parallelization approach which is based on an overlapping domain decomposition technique. We introduce our parallel algorithm of the fast marching method tailored to shared-memory environments and discuss benchmark results based on a C++ implementation using OpenMP. We compare the sequential execution performance as well as the accuracy with reference implementations of the fast marching method and the fast iterative method; the latter is also used to evaluate the parallel scalability. Our shared-memory parallel fast marching method convinces both with regard to serial and parallel execution performance as well as with respect to accuracy.


This issue of Compare focuses primarily on state policies of educational development and their impact on both the supply and demand side of the educational experience, in terms of teacher development and management on the one hand and student experience on the other. In a globalised world no nation-state is beyond the influence of others, and with rapid strides in information and communication technologies, comparisons are frequent and indeed inevitable. Policies can therefore no longer be formulated in isolation: they are located within global discourses of good practices and relevant strategies. Yet contexts are different, and even very successful models developed in one part of the world are not easily transferable to another; neither are they necessarily the most appropriate in a different setting. One finds then a range of outcomes at the interface, some involving creative adaptation and cooperation and others more conflicting. Located in the Caribbean, the first paper by George and Lewis confronts this issue head on. It explores the possibility of the creation of a third space where the local and global can engage with each other and lead to the emergence of new opportunities. George and Lewis draw on the idea of cultural hybridity, where new knowledge and understandings emerge from the equal interactions of different cultures, focusing particularly on the processes of knowledge generation and utilisation in the formal school system. If indeed the global-local interface has to be productive, then elements of indigenous knowledge need to be included in the content of the curriculum, alternate worldviews made acceptable, and modes and languages of communication made more flexible. This of course is not a passive, value-free process, but one ridden with politics and the negotiation of unequal power relations, in its claims for recognising and equally valuing alternate knowledge systems. The next two papers explore in greater depth the choices before the state in formulating its tertiary education policies in the Czech Republic and China respectively. Gounko and Pesik locate the emerging policy trends in Czech tertiary education in the context of the policy framework and recommendations of the OECD. Focusing on the economic functions of higher education, the OECD puts pressure on countries such as the Czech Republic to comply with these principles within their own policy frameworks. One of the key areas of critique by the OECD related to the reliance of Czech higher education on public resources, leading the newly drafted 2009 White Paper to consider the introduction of tuition fees. Yet this has led to debate and resistance by both the students and academia, who are concerned with a loss of autonomy, control by the private sector and exclusion of students from marginalised groups. While the pressure for adopting a market-led model remains, the space for engagement is still open. The paper by Zha on Chinese higher education examines its rapid expansion and its implications for equity across institutions and populations. While drawing Compare Vol. 41, No. 6, December 2011, 719–720


: Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal agents showing a broad antimicrobial spectrum used for several infectious diseases. Liposomes are excellent carriers for controlled drug delivery and albumin shows a great capacity for binding and transport of solutes. The aim of this study was to incorporate ciprofloxacin into a formulation based on the combination of liposomes and albumin in order to gather the advantages of both components into a single pharmaceutical vehicle.Liposomes were prepared by sonication, in absence of organic solvents, by using ciprofloxacin solutions of different concentration. The albusomes were prepared by mixing these with bovine serum albumin. The influence of three variables on the drug encapsulation efficiency was evaluated: liposomes composition, ciprofloxacin concentration and albumin amount; an HPLC technique was used for drug quantification.The results of the study reveal that liposomes composition significantly affects the entrapment efficiency registered while ciprofloxacin concentration does not affect this parameter


Objective. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder with fibrosing process involving skin and internal organs. The epidemiology, clinical features and autoantibodies vary in different racial groups. This study aims to determine the clinical features and autoantibodies in Taiwanese patients with SSc, and to detect the associations of autoantibodies with clinical features. Methods. We reviewed the records in 164 patients who diagnosed as SSc at Taichung Veterans General Hospital from 1991 through 2005. Results. The female-to-male (F/M) ratio was 3:1. The mean age at onset was 45.9 years. Seventy-eight patients had limited SSc (lSSc), 83 had diffuse SSc (dSSc), and 3 had SSc sine scleroderma. There was a high prevalence for esophageal involvement (91.3%) and a low prevalence for renal crisis (2.4%). Patients with dSSc, compared with lSSc, were characterized by a higher prevalence for interstitial lung disease (p<0.001) and acrolysis (p<0.05). The prevalence of anti-Scl-70, anticentromere (ACA) and anti-U1- ribonucleoprotein (U1RNP) antibodies was 51.8%, 21.3% and 8.5% respectively. Anti-Scl-70 antibodies were associated with dSSc, digital ischemia, acrolysis and interstitial lung disease (p<0.001 for all). ACA was associated with female predominance, lSSc, sicca symptoms and telangiectasia. Anti-U1RNP antibodies were associated with younger age at onset. The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies was 38.3% in our patients, and was associated with digital gangrene and pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion. In comparison with Caucasian, our patients with SSc are characterized by a reduced F/M ratio, a high prevalence for esophageal involvement, a low prevalence for renal crisis, and an increased prevalence for anti-Scl-70 antibodies.


Field experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of newer chemicals molecules and bio rationales against bollworm during 2004–06. The results revealed that. spinosad 45SC @ 75gai/ha in lowest square damage, shedding of reproductives and boll damage followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC, emmamectin benzoate 5SG and Btk. The seed cotton yield was higher in spinosad 45SC than rest of the treatments. Considering over all effectiveness, yield, net return and cost benefit ratio insecticides spinosad 45 SC, Indoxacarb 14.5 SC, Emamectin benzoate 5SG and BtK registered their economic feasibility in cotton crop.


We propose a unifying framework for a group of search algorithms for Propositional Satisfiability (SAT) and Knowledge Compilation (KC), based on studying the trace of the search. We show how this framework allows successful SAT techniques to directly benefit KC, and provides a systematic method whereby the intrinsic power, complexity, and limitations of DPLL-based search algorithms can be understood in light of known results from KC. Within this common framework, we then show how SAT and KC are amenable to an additional set of techniques that exploit the structure of problems to achieve more efficient and scalable computation, with proven upper bounds on the complexities of the resulting algorithms. To illustrate our enhanced computational capabilities, we take a concrete KC algorithm designed within this framework and study its application to two specific reasoning tasks: probabilistic equivalence testing and model-based diagnosis. Finally, to obtain a more complete picture, we study an alternative to DPLL, where SAT and KC are solved via symbolic inference instead of search, and discuss the importance of studying both approaches as they have been shown to exhibit incomparable performance in both theory and practice.


The FABOLUSFASTER (Facilitation Through Aggrastat or Cangrelor Bolus and Infusion Over Prasugrel: A Multicenter Randomized OpenLabel Trial in Patients With STElevation Myocardial Infarction Referred for Primary Percutaneous Intervention) trial compared pharmacodynamic effects of different antiplatelet agents in patients with STsegment– elevation myocardial infarction.1 The inhibitory effects of cangrelor assessed by light transmission aggregometry (LTA) were substantially lower than previously reported.2 This study was designed to assess methodologic issues potentially contributing to the differences observed by using similar experimental conditions, albeit with the in vitro addition of antiplatelet agents. Activation of platelets by ADP is mediated by both the P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors. 3 ADP induces a weak, transition activation by binding to the P2Y1 receptor and completes activation by binding to the P2Y12 receptor. A P2Y12 antagonist would not be expected to prevent transient aggregation induced by P2Y1. Thus, previous pharmacodynamic studies2 have quantified final rather than maximal aggregation. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors would be expected to exert similar effects on final and maximal aggregation. Both cangrelor and tirofiban bind reversibly. Tirofiban is cleared by renal excretion, whereas cangrelor is metabolized (t1/2 3– 6 minutes). The reversible binding and metabolism of cangrelor raises the possibility that delay in performance of assays may reduce the pharmacodynamic effect. To assess the impact of comparing maximal with final aggregation, and delay in processing of samples on LTA, blood from 10 healthy individuals was anticoagulated with citrate and spiked with pharmacologic concentrations of cangrelor. The study was approved by the institutional review committee and all subjects gave informed consent. Data that support the findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Preliminary experiments identified concentrations of cangrelor that would achieve results seen in patients2 with residual aggregation of <20%. Aliquots of blood were spiked with 86 ng/mL (n=6), 215 ng/mL (n=10), and 430 ng/mL (n=4). Similarly, citrate anticoagulated blood from 5 healthy individuals was spiked with pharmacologic concentrations of tirofiban (30 and 50 ng/mL). Aggregation induced by 20 micromolar ADP in plateletrich plasma was assessed within 30 minutes (time 0) and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours. Differences were assessed with a repeated measure ANOVA and pairwise comparisons with time 0 were assessed by Bonferroni paired t test. Both maximal and final (after 6 minutes) aggregation decreased when performance of LTA was delayed (maximal and final aggregation were comparable in the absence of added antiplatelet agent, mean±SD; final aggregation at time 0: 71±16, 1 hour: 56±16, 2 hours: 57±14, 4 hours: 49±16, and 6 hours: 53±14 [P<0.01]). Final but not maximal aggregation increased modestly when LTA was performed after 1 and 2 hours with blood spiked with cangrelor (cangrelor 86 ng/mL, time 0: 16±14, 1 hour: 22±15, and 2 hours: 23±13 [P<0.02]). No significant difference was seen in the inhibition of maximal and final aggregation with tirofiban (Figure). Final aggregation was inhibited to a greater extent (P<0.01) than maximal aggregation (Figure) in blood spiked with cangrelor. In summary, while results should be confirmed in patients treated with antiplatelet agents, our results demonstrate that delay in performance of LTA influences results. Importantly, while the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban inhibits maximal and final aggregation


PURPOSE: Provided is a nonsagging and extrudable room temperature curable silicone rubber composition that exhibits an excellent and robust adherence to a variety of substrates when the composition is cured while in contact with the substrate. CONSTITUTION: The room temperature curable silicone rubber composition comprises (A) 100 weight parts of diorganopolysiloxane comprising (a-1) 20 to 100 weight-% based on the total weight of (a-1) and (a-2) of a diorganopolysiloxane described by general formula(1), where R1 and R2 represent alkyl or alkoxyalkyl; R3 is selected from the group consisting of monovalent hydrocarbyl, halogenated hydrocarbyl, and cyanoalkyl; a is 0 or 1; Y is selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, and divalent hydrocarbon group; and n is a positive number that produces a viscosity at 25 deg.C of from 20 to 1,000,000 mPa.s and (a-2) 80 to 0 weight% based on the total weight of (a-1) and (a-2) of a diorganopolysiloxane described by general formula(2), where R1, R2, and R3 are defined as above, R4 is alkyl or alkenyl, and Y, a, and n are defined as above; (B) 1 to 20 weight parts of surface-hydrophobicized dry method silica; (C) 1 to 20 weight parts of non-surface-hydrophobicized dry method silica; (D) 1 to 25 weight parts of alkoxysilane described by general formula:R5bSi(OR6)4-b, where R5 represents monovalent hydrocarbyl, R6 is alkyl or alkoxyalkyl, and b is 0 or 1, or the partial hydrolysis and condensation product thereof; (E) 0.5 to 10 weight parts of organotitanium compound; and (F) 0.01 to 5 weight parts of light stabilizer and/or ultraviolet absorber.


The possibility of replication of the nanostructures of a hard stamp into a polymer was first proposed by S. Chou et. al. in 1995 [1]. Since then, nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has evolved from being a promising alternative method for nanofabrication [2, 3], to be, nowadays, a mature technique that allows obtaining nanometer scale features at wafer scale, with high reproducibility and throughput [4]. The applications taking advantage of NIL fabricated structures covers from micro/nano electronics, material sciences, or biology, just to cite some examples. In this communication, we will show several technological developments for the fabrication of interdigitated nano-electrodes using different imprinting-based aproaches.


A facile template-free route for preparing hydroxyapatite was described.Hydroxyapatite was synthesized by a mild hydrothemal method using calcium chloride anhydrous(CaCl2) and diammonium hydrogenphosphate [(NH4)2HPO4] as reactants,deionized water as solvent,and polyaspartic acid(PASP) as chelating agent,with HCl solution controlling pH value.The crystalline and molecular structure of as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy.The results showed the product with a high crystallinity could be obtained after natural drying for 10 h and vacuum drying at 60 °C for 5 h.


PASC-HLL design started from a study of the high-level language PASCAL which allowed the definition of a special purpose intermediate language. A new mechanism for pipe-lined execution of polish strings using a FIFO queue instead of a push-down stack [1] made possible the design of a pipe-lined architecture bit-slice computer for high level language called PASC-HLL [2]. That computer consists in five special purpose microprogrammed processors, each being involved in a special function (instruction fetch, operand fetch, execution of operators, local storage management, and memory access).


Disassembly is the basis of static analysis of binary code and is used in malicious code detection, vulnerability mining, software optimization, etc. Disassembly of arbitrary suspicious code blocks (e.g., for suspicious traffic packets intercepted by the network) is a difficult task. Traditional disassembly methods require manual specification of the starting address and cannot automate the disassembly of arbitrary code blocks. In this paper, we propose a disassembly method based on code extension selection network by combining traditional linear sweep and recursive traversal methods. First, each byte of a code block is used as the disassembly start address, and all disassembly results (control flow graphs) are combined into a single flow graph. Then a graph attention network is trained to pick the correct subgraph (control flow graph) as the final result. In the experiment, the compiler-generated executable file, as well as the executable file generated by hand-written assembly code, the data file and the byte sequence intercepted by the code segment were tested, and the disassembly accuracy was 93%, which can effectively distinguish the code from the data.


A water productivity framework for understanding and action economics of water productivity in managing water for agriculture the concept of efficiency in water resources management and policy rice production in water-scarce environments managing saline and alkali water for higher productivity opportunities for increasing water productivity of CGIAR crops through plant breeding and molecular biology world water productivity - current situation and future options improving water productivity through deficit irrigation - examples from Syria, North China Plain and Oregon, USA.


Results of the treatment of appendicular peritonitis in 174 children were studied in terms of development in these
adhesive intestinal obstruction. Among these patients the phenomenon of adhesive intestinal obstruction were
noted in 10.9% of cases. Revealed that the adhesive ileus has prevailed in patients who carried out sanitation of
the abdominal cavity using an antiseptic solution (16.0%) compared with patients who reorganization of the abdominal
cavity was carried out by draining the abdominal cavity with electric pumps to irrigation abdominal areas
of concentration in manure warm saline solution of sodium chloride, but without the use of antiseptic solutions
(7.1%). Adhesive intestinal obstruction predominated in patients after widespread peritonitis, which carried drainage.
Elimination of antiseptic solutions for rehabilitation of the abdominal cavity and limit the use of drainage is
one of the methods of preventing abdominal adhesions after surgical treatment of complicated forms of acute
appendicitis in children.
Key words: appendicular peritonitis, adhesive intestinal obstruction, children, prevention


Lesbian-feminist discussions of class and conflict have defined class almost exclusively in liberal terms by reducing it to a matter of individual background.' "Liberal" in this sense describes not a position on the political spectrum from left to right but a conception of society as a collection of individual actors who make independent choices based on free will alone. These liberal assumptions are not unique to lesbian feminism; indeed, they underlie the dominant world view in American society, with intellectual antecedents far back in the Western tradition.2 As lesbians concerned about recent conflicts in lesbian institutions, we have found that liberal interpretations leave too many questions unanswered about how class affects the way power and privilege are structured in those institutions. Socialist-feminist and Marxist analyses offer valuable criticism of individualistic approaches to class theory but are of limited use insofar as they ignore debates about sexuality and sexual identity or assume that sexuality and class constitute discrete levels of oppression.3


In the present study an attempt was made to focus in the differences between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and healthy controls, as reflected by the P600 component of event-related potential (ERP) signals, to locate brain areas that may be related to working memory (WM) deficits. Neuropsychological research has yielded contradicting results regarding WM in OCD. Eighteen patients with OCD symptomatology and 20 normal controls (age and sex matched) were subjected to a computerized version of the digit span Wechsler test. EEG activity was recorded from 15 scalp electrodes (leads). A dedicated computer software was developed to read the ERP signals and to calculate features related to the ERP P600 component (500-800 ms). Nineteen features were generated, from each ERP-signal and each lead, and were employed in the design of the probabilistic neural network (PNN) classifier. Highest single-lead precision (86.8%) was found at the Fp2 and C6 leads. When the output from all single-lead PNN classifiers fed a majority vote engine (MVE), the system classified correctly all subjects, providing a powerful classification scheme. Findings indicated that OCD patients differed from normal controls at the prefrontal and temporo-central brain regions


The lithium-ion battery (LIB) is a preferred power source for the electric and hybrid electric vehicle applications due to its high energy density, high voltage and low self-discharge rate. Previous studies reveal that the battery cell does not generate heat evenly throughout its volume and thus the temperature distribution within the cell is not uniform. Because both of the battery performance and life are the strong functions of battery temperature, it is important to calculate accurately the uneven temperature distribution of the battery cell in battery modeling.


Deposits of silicon in the leaves of Hordeum sativum L. (cv. Deba Abed) have been investigated by means of the scanning electron microscope. The opaline structures have been studied within epidermal and other cells as well as in isolation after a drastic nitric and perchloric acid treatment. The main types occur as costal rods and intercostal 'hats', but in addition, prickle hairs are occasionally silicified as well as certain sclerenchyma, mesophyll and xylem elements. Bulliform cells are rarely silicified in barley. Detailed descriptions are given of the various deposits viewed with the SEM. The shapes conform with what is revealed by a similar examination of the leaf surface. In some cases, the silica deposits are associated with the cell walls, but in vessels it can be deposited on the inner side of the wall and the lumen can become infilled. In such cases the pits are seen as raised 'pads' aligned with those of adjacent elements. It is suggested that two distinct processes may be involved according to whether the secondary wall becomes impregnated or whether the lumina became filled with silica. In the former, considerable proportions of silica may be deposited after the secondary wall is formed, whereas in the latter, it appears that the wall, which cannot resist a drastic treatment, is relatively free of silica.


The electric pacemaker (EP), a device for electrically stimulating the myocardium, is widely used for treating and rehabilitating patients who have suffered heart attacks and other heart diseases. Stable transfer of energy in impulses from the EP to the heart and the optimal coordination between the EP parameters and the pacemaker electrodes are the most important conditions for the EP operation.
The electrode is electrically connected with the myocardium tissue mainly through capacitive coupling. To stimulate the myocardium, an electrical impulse with duration of 100–300 µs and energy of 1–5 μJ is required; with the stimulation threshold equal to 1 V, the coupling capacitance should be equal to 2–10 µF. When an electric potential is applied to the electrode, a double electric layer (DEL) appears in the blood electrolyte at the electrode surface. The DEL's capacitive impedance is significantly higher than its ohmic resistance. The DEL is electrically equivalent to two series-connected capacitors, and its capacitance is determined by the capacitances of the DEL's inner dense part and of its outer diffuse part. To improve the EP efficiency, the DEL capacitance should be increased. To do so, two methods are used: increasing the electrode surface area by extending its surface and increasing the surface adsorption by using special coatings.
The modern pacemaker electrodes have the characteristic size of extended surface inhomogeneity equal to around 1 µm, which is larger than the DEL's inner dense layer thickness, which is less than 1 nm. Therefore, for pacemaker electrodes, the size of the surface structure elements should be reduced down to 1 nm. Such structures of the "fuzz" type can be obtained by processing materials with plasma. A PLM plasma installation intended for obtaining an extended surface nanostructure on metals, including that of the "fuzz" type, has been constructed at the National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute.
Electrodes of metals from the platinum group are the most promising ones; the iridium coating of the electrodes has the lowest capacitive impedance. Ruthenium (Ru) also belongs to the platinum group of elements. In this study, ruthenium, an element which is a chemical analog of iridium but having a number of technological advantages, has for the first time been proposed for coating the electrodes. Ruthenium is the only one of these elements that is naturally present in the human body. In addition, ruthenium is significantly cheaper than iridium.
In the PLM installation, a nanostructured coating of ruthenium is produced on the electrode by sputtering Ru by means of a target in plasma discharge. It is proposed to test a few approaches, including that in which a "fuzz" type structure is produced on a titanium surface. After that, ruthenium can be sprayed onto this structure, or a "fuzz" type structure can be produced already on the deposited ruthenium layer.
Such experiments open the possibility to develop a new technology for making the pacemaker electrodes with improved characteristics.


In his original theory, Bronfenbrenner 1 postulated that in order to understand human development, the entire ecological system in which growth occurs should be taken into account. Likewise, to understand children's health outcomes, the entire ecological system in which health outcomes occur should be taken into account. In investigating the ecological system for children's health outcomes, researchers have focused on household income, risk factors, and wealth. Wealth conceptualized as an underlying trait, or latent construct (i.e., as a reflective index), and the Family Affluence Scale (FAS) was developed to measure it. 17 However, items comprising the FAS failed to meet the minimum factor analysis criteria for inclusion. A second variable, children's perception of their family being well-off, was used, and it produced a "gradient" for children's health outcome (e.g., physical health, emotional health, wheezing). Consequently, the utility of investigating the accumulation of material possessions (as measured by the FAS) versus children's perception of their family being well-off was discussed. Clearly, the second variable avoids the difficulty with factor analysis. Implications for health education were discussed.


With the increasing pressure of life in the present society, sleep problem has gradually become an important problem that influences most people. Sleep stage monitoring has become a reference standard for evaluating sleep quality, diagnosing sleep disorders and preventing sleep apnea. At present, the commonly used polysomnography sleep stage monitoring method has some shortcomings, such as complicated operation process, huge volume of monitoring equipment, extremely inconvenient measurement process, and the possibility to induce a variety of physiological artifacts interference. In this paper, electroencephalogram (EEG) is adopted to analyze the signal of the brain and thus to classify the sleep stage. Empirical mode decomposition method is used to denoise the EEG signals and the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) method is applied to extract the scale characteristics of the EEG. Artificial neural network is further employed to classify the sleep stage. The results show that the proposed method can discriminate different stages during sleep.


To present our results from 2018 and 2019 and to present the clinical data of the accuracy and clinical usefulness of computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy for diagnosing suspicious bone lesion. The retrospective study included 98 consecutive patients who underwent CT-guided bone lesion biopsy from January 2018 to December 2019. The localization of the bone lesions, the adequacy of the sample for histopathological analysis, histopathological results, and the procedure's complications were analyzed. The specimens collected from 76 patients/lesions (77.6%) were considered appropriate for diagnosis. Histological analysis of bone samples showed 52 (68.4%) metastatic lesions. The most common primary tumor origins were breast carcinoma 28 (53.8%) and lung carcinoma six (11.5%). In three patients (4%), the infection was confirmed. No tumor cells were found in 17 (22.4%) patients. There were no post-procedural complications. CT-guided bone lesion biopsy is a safe and effective method for diagnosing suspicious bone lesions that has a great effect in clinical practice without any significant complications.


In 1979 a gigantic system of pipelines began to be laid across Denmark, to carry natural gas to the nation's homes and factories. The work inspired an archaeological response which, as usual for Denmark, was well-planned and executed and, more to the point, is now published in a large volume illustrated by hundreds of maps, drawings and photographs including colour. At a price of Dkr 375 the book was a 'best buy'; it was only printed by the State Antiquary and the gas companies to match the number of orders received, and will now be a collector's piece. The pipeline was still under construction in January 1987 when this book went to press; events up to mid 1987 appear as a final chapter to the book, which was published in autumn 1987. Not a bad record for Denmark's Longest Excavation, however you wish to interpret record. According to the laws ofthe land, all of the pipeline trenches had to be examined for archaeological remains, and the pipes were only laid when the excavations were completed. Over 3000 km of seLtions were available, in three main corridors, a north-south line in eastern Zealand, an east-west line across central Zealand, underwater to the island of Fyn and across central Jutland, and a north-south line u p the whole of Danish Jutland. All of these lines were in effect trunks, each with numerous branches spreading across the land. The effect is startlingly clear, complete sections across the entire country. They were examined by about 100 archaeologists aided by numerous specialists. The book is in two main parts, the first devoted to general assessments of the discoveries, the second consisting of a catalogue of the 1700 sites found along the pipelines. Some of these sites were extensively


A low cost system for measuring soil water potential and data logging was developed on the basis of an Arduino microcontroller board, electronic pressure transducers and water-filled tensiometers. The assembly of this system requires only minimal soldering, limited to the wiring of the power supply and the pressure sensors to the microcontroller board. The system presented here is, therefore, not only inexpensive, but also suited for easy reproduction by users with only basic technical skills. The utility and reliability of the system was tested in a commercial apple orchard.


In this paper, SSR surveillance network covering problem with obstructing affected by surface features and lakes was studied. The purpose is to improve the performance of SSR surveillance network, thus ensure the efficiency and safety management in airspace. The objective is to minimize the number of radar and the decision variable is the site of radar. Firstly, radar network covering problem without obstructing affect is studied. An approximation UFC algorithm was provided. Secondly, covering problem with shelter influence was taken into account. Additional notations were given and SFC algorithm was excuted for this problem. Finally, SSR surveillance network covering problem with obstructing affected by mountains and lakes was studied. We conclude the performance of our algorithm combined with an easy heuristic is stable and can always save one or two radar in the whole system compared to the easy heuristic algorithm. Keywords-SSR Surveillance Network: optimization; coverage problem; approximation algorithm; heuristic


The purpose of this research is to know whether there is an influence of cooperative model type Two Stay Two Stray (TS-TS) on problem-solving abilities on the subject of ecosystem class VII at junior high school. This type of research is Quasi-Experimental Design research. The technique of collecting data using a test, test in the form of description is 7 problem. Data analysis techniques to see problem-solving ability using normality test, homogeneity test, and t-test (t-test). The result of this research is the average value of post-test in the experimental class 73,71 and the control class 60,86, for the mean value per indicator that is in the experimental class of the indicator understand the problem (49,71), prepare the problem-solving plan (11.80) and implementing a problem-solving plan (12,19). While in the control class the indicator understands the problem (36,43), prepares the problem-solving plan (11,38), and implements the problem-solving plan (13,04). To test the hypothesis obtained t-count (4,5395)> t-table (1.6801). Thus there is influence of Two Stay Two Stray (TS-TS) cooperative model on problem-solving ability on VII classroom SMPN 2 Sembalun Bumbung Academic Year 2016/2017.


This paper evaluates the variability of specific absorption rate (SAR) in the human eye. This variability results from changes in ocular axial length (OAL), which is common in many ophthalmologic and vision abnormalities, including myopia. A generic eye model was reconstructed according to published data. The feasibility of using the generic model in numerical research of electromagnetic fields (EMF) was demonstrated by means of comparative simulations with eye models reconstructed from magnetic resonance (MR) scans. Free‐form deformation (FFD) was used to deform the OAL of the generic eye model. Thus, 64 deformed eyes were created and were categorized according to the OAL increase. The finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method was applied in the simulations. The results revealed that changing the OAL does not increase EMF absorption in the eyes or the eye tissues. No additional induced temperature rise was produced by the changes of OAL. The results also indicated that the non‐pathological increment of the OAL, which is inevitable during the childhood, does not increase the SAR in the eyes. Bioelectromagnetics. 35:324–336, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Since the LiCoO2/LixC6 "lithium-ion cell" was introduced into the consumer market by Sony Energytec, Inc. of Japan in 1990 [1], lithium secondary batteries have regained consumer confidence due to their improved long cycle life and safe cell operation. These improvements in cell performance are achieved at the expense of energy density by replacing the metallic lithium anode with an intercalation electrode material, usually a carbon. To compensate for the loss in energy density, the working voltage of the cathode in lithium-ion cells is required to be very high, preferably about 4 V during discharging. To this date, three major systems of high voltage cathode materials have been developed and marketed for lithium-ion cells: (1) LiCoO2 by Sony Energytec, Inc., (2) LiNiO2 by Moll Energy (1990) Ltd., and (3) LiMn204 by Bellcore. Both LiCoO2 and LiNiO2 have a layered structure whereas LiMn204 has a spinel structure. The upper voltage limits of these cathode materials are in the 4.3-4.5 V range where most of the lithium ions can be electrochemically removed, resulting in a high specific energy. In the context of this article, high voltage cathode will refer to those cathodes that require charging above 4 V vs. Li. Typical examples are the lithiated transition metal oxides mentioned above. In contrast, low voltage cathodes composed of materials such as TiS2 [2-3], MoS2 [4], MoO3 [5, 6], NbSe3 [7-8], MnO2 [9], and vanadium oxides [5, 10-11], are fully charged well below 4 V. In 1993, we discovered that LiNiVO4 can be a high voltage cathode material for lithium secondary cells [12]. Our finding is significant because LiNiVO4 not only exhibits a voltage of 4.8 volt, the highest observed for any known Li intercalation reaction, but is also the first material with an inverse spinel structure to be used as a cathode for rechargeable lithium cells. Further applications to thin-film cells and lithium-ion cells are feasible provided that a proper electrolyte stable to high oxidation potential can be developed. In this paper, new preparation methods for LiNiVO4 and its isostructural compound LiCoVO4 [13] will be reported and the effects of starting materials, reactant stoichiometry, synthesis temperature, and reaction environment on the quartemary Li-Ni-V-O reaction will be discussed. In addition, the results from


Tunisia is a country that suffers from energy demand problems and environmental matters. Thus, Tunisian authorities desire to encourage the development of renewable energy sources, especially from biological processes, like anaerobic digestion. Therefore, this study is focused on the evaluation of biogas and bio-methane yield from the co-digestion of three available and abundant bio-wastes in the southern regions of Tunisia. The three different raw materials are an organic fraction of municipal solid waste, chicken manure, and olive mill wastewater. In this context, experimental work to evaluate the potential of biogas and bio-methane production was carried out at mesophilic temperature 35 °C and batch mode. The present work highlights the possibility of generating biogas from these organic wastes and reducing the amounts of the wastes to dispose of in landfills. The experimental study of the co-digestion process under specific conditions of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), T, pH, and inoculums to substrate ratio ISR provided a high yield of net methane and net biogas, in comparison with other research works. Results showed a higher specific net methane production per kg of volatile solids, which is equal to 0.338 Nm3 methane/kg VS and 0.430 Nm3 methane/kg VS for two studied cases. The obtained volatile solids reduction was found to be 91% of the initial content, for a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 40 days.


This note provides a policy perspective to the debate of applying MFN clauses to dispute settlement provisions in BITs, and addresses some of the ramifications associated with such application. Several tribunals have had a difficult time addressing this dilemma. The paper extrapolates the very nature of dispute resolution clauses and consent to international arbitration as evinced in those clauses. This consent is binary in nature – either it is present or it is absent. Moreover, dispute settlement clauses contain conditions which must be fulfilled before consent can be construed as present, and before the tribunal can even interpret a treaty's MFN provisions. Therefore, the paper argues, unless a dispute resolution clause explicitly provides for an MFN treatment, ratione consensus should not be modified to presume a State's consent to a new set of conditions absent in the basic treaty. Secondly, the paper approaches MFN debate from a wider perspective. It presents that such application jeopardizes the very future of investment arbitration by fostering distrust of investor state arbitration and encouraging nations to withdraw from this mechanism. Moreover, broad interpretation of MFN clauses and treaty preambles besmirches the perception of arbitrator neutrality by incentivizing a tribunal to rule in favor of the investor at the jurisdictional stage. I address these concerns and argue that this debate must end before it further jeopardizes investor-state arbitration.


The aim of this study was to assess the sustainability of carbon sinks in managed or unmanaged forests in Europe and Amazonia. First, the functioning and seasonal variability of the carbon sink strength in forest ecosystems was analysed in relation toclimate variability. To this end, existing global data sets of ecosystem fluxes measured by eddy correlation were analysed. A simple, comprehensive empirical model was derived to represent these flux variabilities. Furthermore, new soil respiration measurements were initiated in the Netherlands and Amazonia and their usefulness to understand the uptake and emission components of carbon exchange was analysed. Then, two long-term forest dynamics models were parameterized (FORSPACE and CENTURY) for Dutch Pinus and Fagus forests, to study the development of forest carbon stocks over a century under different management and climate scenarios. Finally, using the empirical model as well as the long-term models, scenario predictions were made. It turns out that uptake rates are expected to decrease in a climate with higher temperatures, but that storage capacity for carbon can be expected to be slightly enhanced, especially if also the management intensity is carefully tuned down.


The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Block 5D Satellite comprises a primary sensor (the Operational Linescan System), a 5D spacecraft, and special meteorological sensors (see "The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program" in this issue for configuration details). This article provides a review of the optical subsystem of the primary imaging sensor specifying the unique and novel methods used to obtain near constant high resolution, multispectral, meteor ological data


Objectives. To review the rationale and development of a multidisciplinary amiodarone clinic, and document the clinical outcomes resulting from its implementation.


Electronic nematicity is the spontaneous loss of rotational symmetry in a metal, without breaking translational symmetry. In the cuprate superconductors, there is experimental evidence for nematicity, but its origin remains unclear. Here we investigate the onset of nematicity in the transport of charge by means of electric and thermoelectric measurements in underdoped YBa$_{\rm 2}$Cu$_{\rm 3}$O$_{\rm y}$, performed by passing the current (electrical or thermal) first along the $a$ axis then the $b$ axis of the orthorhombic structure in the same crystal, with a hole doping $p = 0.12$. Upon cooling, we observe no additional in-plane anisotropy -- beyond the background anisotropy due to the CuO chains -- in either the resistivity $\rho$ or the Seebeck coefficient $S$ as the temperature $T^{\star}$~for the onset of the pseudogap phase is crossed. We conclude that the pseudogap phase of cuprates is not nematic. However, at temperatures much lower than $T^{\star}$, a strong additional anisotropy is observed, most clearly in the Peltier coefficient $\alpha = S / \rho$. We interpret it as nematicity associated with the development of charge order.


Swordfish is an extension of the DMTF Redfish specification developed by the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) to provide a unified approach for the management of storage and servers in hyperscale, cloud infrastructure, and converged infrastructure environments, making it easier for IT administrators to integrate scalable solutions into their data centers. This presentation shows how Swordfish extends Redfish and provides an overview of basic Swordfish concepts, and examples of standards-based automation for the data center using EnergyStar® instrumentation.


This study aims to analyse the total quality management tools for improving service quality and client satisfaction in healthcare settings through a systematic qualitative review. Data was collected through the web of sciences (WOS), Scopus, EBSCO, PubMed, and Medline. Initially, we found 573 articles from all the sources, but after eliminating the non-relevant articles, only 24 usable articles were finalized. Furthermore, 12 articles were purely related to TQM, service quality, and client satisfaction. This study concludes that TQM practices and tools improve service quality and client satisfaction in healthcare organizations. This study provides excellent managerial and practical insights. Managers should implement the TQM tools to improve service quality and client satisfaction. This way, customer satisfaction is enhanced, and patient satisfaction is improved, leading to high operational and overall performance. This study also reveals a need for further studies to clarify the role of TQM tools on service quality and patient satisfaction.


The discipline of nineteenth-century botany was central both to the British imperial project and to the development of global theory. This article shows how the work of botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911) advanced certain concepts of globalization by exploring scale relationships in two mid-century texts—a systematic botany, Flora Indica (1855), and a travel narrative, Himalayan Journals (1854)—and by analyzing in particular the methodologies that link individual botanical species and their global distribution. In doing so, he drew upon tropes of the sublime and related aesthetic techniques to raise crucial hermeneutical questions and to perform an important scale critique. His contributions underscore the need for new scale critiques in the humanities today and the recognition that such critiques have significant antecedents in the work of nineteenth-century writers and scientists.


A geometrically-motivated method for primary-ambient decomposition is proposed and evaluated in an up-mixing application. The method consists of two steps, accommo-dating a particularly intuitive explanation. The first step consists of signal-adaptive rotations applied on the input stereo scene, which translate the primary sound sources into the center of the rotated scene. The second step applies a center-channel extraction method, based on a simple signal model and optimal in the mean-squared-error sense. The performance is evaluated by using the estimated ambient component to enable surround sound starting from real-world stereo signals. The participants in the reported listening test are asked to adjust the audio scene envelopment and find the audio settings that pleases them the most. The possibility for up-mixing enabled by the proposed method is used extensively, and the user satisfaction is significantly increased compared to the original stereo mix.


Room-temperature free-carrier Faraday rotation measurements in the wavelength range 6–25 μ and Hall-coefficient measurements have been made on polycrystalline n-type samples of InAsxSb1−x alloys of carrier concentration ~1017/cm3. Using these data and a Kane equation for the conduction band, values of the bottom of the band effective mass m0* have been determined over the whole alloy range. The results are compared with similar data from magnetothermoelectric power measurements and also with previously calculated data. From the m0* results, values of the square of the matrix element P2 have been calculated as a function of x.


Development of lead halide perovskite, or methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite, has advanced rapidly in terms of photovoltaic output in shorter time compared to more mature and developed solar cells, such as dye sensitized solar cell or Si based solar cells. From 2009 when PSCs was first adopted by Miyasaka et al. [1] until development in 2012, its efficiency (η) has extended to higher than 10 %. Further development in 2013 and 2014 has further increased η of more than 15 % and 20 %, respectively. ZnO based PSCs is developed based on high electron mobility of ZnO material. In this report, ZnO based PSCs is reported and have improved coverage of perovskite over ZnO nanorods array (NRA) surface. Such improvement also leads to improvement of η although the value of η is still very low (less than 1 %).


Nietzsche's attention to literary style is legendary. Even as unlikely an enthusiast as Rudolf Carnap praises Nietzsche's sense of stylistic priority, contending, "In the work... in which he expresses most strongly that which others express through metaphysics or ethics, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, he does not choose the misleading theoretical form, but openly the form of art, of poetry."1 In the burgeoning bibliography of secondary works on Nietzsche, moreover, the topic of Nietzsche's style may have surpassed such mainstream topics as Nietzsche's epistemology and eternal recurrence in terms of sheer volume. Despite this widespread recognition of Nietzsche as an attentive stylist, remarkably little stylistic attention has been brought to bear on one of the most puzzling moments in his published works, the "rhymes" that open The Gay Science.2 I shall argue that Nietzsche's interest in literary formats provides a partial explanation for Nietzsche's use of these rhymes. They represent, I am convinced, an appeal to popular culture, an appeal that calls attention to the psychological impact of verse when we encounter it elsewhere. Nietzsche himself attributes his stylistic achievements to his psychological prowess, suggesting that part of his fascination with regard to literary style was the way that different formats induce alternative modes of awareness. He directly links format and state of awareness when he makes his "general remark about my art of style."


Results from ten experiments carried out in laboratory with microbiolization are compared with the chemical control iprodione + thiran as seed treatment against the following pathogens: Bipolaris sorokiniana (inducer of spot blotch, common root rot, and black point), Pyricularia oryzae (incitant of blast), Drechslera tritici-repentis (inducer of tan spot), and Stagonospora nodorum (incitant of glume blotch). In five experiments, seed microbiolization showed efficiency superior (five to nine per cent) to the fungicide treatment when the percentage of fungi on the seeds was evaluated (lots II, IV, V, VII, and VIII). In three experiments, the efficiency was equal (lots I, IX, and X). In two experiments, chemical seed treatment was more efficient (five to six per cent) than microbiologic treatment (lots III and VI). None of the treatments was specific to any pathogen. These results indicated that the biological method is a promising measure to protect seeds against the main wheat pathogens.


A LARGE PART of the fluctuation during postwar business cycles, especially during cycle contractions, has been composed of changes in manufacturers' inventories. The important role of inventory liquidation in recession has led to a number of studies in recent years, several of which have included financial variables to represent the effects of liquidity, credit availability, and interest costs on inventory behavior. Results have been either negative or inconclusive, implying that the instruments of stabilization policy that might influence inventory behavior through financial variables are unlikely to be effective. Results of these studies are dependent not only on the way in which statistical problems are handled, but also on the validity of the explicit or implicit formulation for sales expectations included in the estimating equations, on the lag structure relating previous changes in the explanatory variables to present inventory behavior, and on the specification of the financial variables examined. In particular, review of the usual proxy measures for liquidity and credit availability-the quick ratio and excess lending capacity of commercial banks-suggests that broader measures of the internal and external funds available for financing inventories might be more appropriate'than the ones used in these analyses. Also, inventory reaction to changes in the interest rate or to changes in the other financial variables is probably neither simultaneous nor likely to take place during a single, short period, though this was assumed in several of these earlier works. For these reasons, other proxies for liquidity and credit availability are considered in this study, and a number of different lags and systems of distributed lags are employed when previous changes in the explanatory variables are related to this period's inventories. Financial variables designed to represent liquidity ("internal finance"), credit availability ("external finance"), and inventory holding costs (interest rate) are included in the flexible-accelerator or capital-stock-adjustment model used in this study. "Internal finance" is defined as the sum of net retained earnings plus depreciation and depletion allowances; "external finance" includes net trade credit, long-term debt, and equity financing as well as bank loans; and interest costs are represented by rates on short-term business loans of commercial banks. Firms are assumed to adjust stocks so as partly to reduce discrepancies between actual and desired inventory levels. The desired or target levels are, in turn, a function of sales expectations and the financial variables. Since sales expectations are not always fulfilled, and since the adjustment is partial rather than complete, the process is one of gradual approximation to a continually changing target. The model was applied, in a series of estimating equations, to quarterly United States data for durable manufacturers' and all manufacturers' stocks during the 1947-61 period. Different versions of the model were tested to determine the effects of in-


Introduction: Association of a good sleep quality and adequate nocturnal sleep duration with metabolic health has been reported in several epidemiological studies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sleep quality and duration on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) occurrence. Methods: In this longitudinal study, 821 pregnant women with the gestational age of ≤14 weeks were included from 2018 to 2020 by convenience sampling. The participants were evaluated in terms of sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and nocturnal sleep duration. They were also examined for GDM at gestational weeks 24–28. Two GDM and non-GDM groups were compared regarding sleep quality and duration. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the independent association of sleep-related variables with GDM occurrence. Results: The final analysis was performed on 658 participants. The means of age and gestational week of the participants were 29.8 ± 4.9 years and 8.8 ± 4.4 weeks, respectively, on inclusion in the study. During follow-up, GDM occurred in 104 (15.8%) participants. Poor sleep quality, sleep quality components, and nocturnal sleep duration showed no significant difference between groups. The frequency of night sleep duration <7 h was higher in the GDM group compared to the non-GDM group (14.4% vs. 7.8%, P = 0.028). However, in the multivariate analysis, there was no independent association between nocturnal sleep <7 h and GDM occurrence. Conclusion: Sleep quality, nocturnal sleep duration, and short nocturnal sleep duration had no independent association with GDM occurrence.


In this paper, we present an efficient noise control algorithm based on the delayless subband adaptive filter. The algorithm reduces the computational complexity of the delayless subband filter by decomposing the secondary path response into a set of subband functions. In this new algorithm, the filtered reference signal is generated for each subband by using a short impulse response filter that models the secondary path transfer function in a subband-decomposed form. Computational efficiency of the presented method originates from the fact that the filtering process occurs only in one subband for each reference input sample. Furthermore, computational efficiency is enhanced when the presented algorithm is combined with an online identification of the secondary path transfer function. We also propose a frequency-domain implementation of the presented algorithm. In this implementation, it is shown that the computational complexity is further reduced by employing the block-processing approach.


A high-strength composite materials based on inorganic binding material based materials, but also organic material, and additional coupling agents. Coupling agents are silanes, titanates, chromium complexes, and coupling agent. The present invention is first incorporated into an inorganic material uniformly coupling agent to give the activated material, followed by addition of an organic polymer composition 3-5 minutes, 5-10 minutes shear agitation, molded under certain pressure and temperature, and then through conservation obtained high strength composite cementitious materials, the present invention is a high strength, flexibility, durability, low energy consumption, readily available and inexpensive, but also as an organic, an inexpensive alternative material, metal, wood, ceramics.


This article claims that the EEC turned the challenge of Iberian enlargement into an opportunity to relaunch the European project. The text focuses on illuminating the under researched role of the European Commission during the presidency of the British Roy Jenkins (1977-1981). The common thread of the story is made up of the analysis of the work carried out by the commissioner for the Enlargement, the Italian Lorenzo Natali. Far from understanding the accession of Spain and Portugal as a problem for the economic cohesion of the EEC, as some member states raised at the time, Natali saw in it a stimulus to overcome the break following the first enlargement. The text shows how, following Natali's strategy, the Commission linked the progress of the Iberian agenda to the resolution of the great challenges of the community agenda: the establishment of a European monetary system, the completion of the Single Market, the reinforcement of the international role of the EEC and above all a political and institutional reform able to guarantee the Community to work with twelve member-states.


The author analyzes the prospects for long-term stability in Uzbekistan, where an authoritarian system of rule has been firmly entrenched. Following an examination of political institutions and parties, she explores potential areas of instability, including ethnic and religious tensions, as well as the prolonged conflict in Tajikistan. Part two discusses Uzbekistan's principal foreign policy initiatives, concentrating on the young state's attempts to forge multilateral cooperation structures in order to counterbalance Russia's influence in the region.


The conversion of a 40 Mc/s Varian nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer to 80 Mc/s operation is described. The increase in maximum field strength from 12 to 22.5 kG was achieved by the use of conical Permendur pole caps. The factors affecting pole-cap geometry are discussed. Sufficient field homogeneity for the production of high resolution 80 Mc/s hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectra was achieved with Golay electric shim coils. Further stability of the magnetic field, enabling spectra to be recorded on precalibrated chart paper, was achieved by a double audio-frequency modulation technique. Notes are also given on the associated changes required to the electronic circuits.


Contrary to what is often suggested, values do follow a very simple rule as the rate of profit r varies, provided only that the system is square. None of single production, semi-positive vertically integrated input coefficients, or regularity a la Schefold needs to be assumed. Furthermore, that very simple rule is followed for all finite values of r and can be expressed solely in terms of the powers of r. Moreover, when the requisite numeraire is employed, the wage profit frontier takes a simple form; conversely, when the frontier takes that form, one knows that the requisite numeraire is being used, even without knowing what it is.


In this paper, we propose a method of spatial and time-series analysis of facial expressions using a real-time depth image, particularly for the measurement of head orientation and for the dynamic analysis of facial expression. The method is based on an evaluation of the 3-dimensional shape of the face and is able to assess facial expressions, independent of the orientation of the head. It aims to extract psychological and physiological features from the physical features of the face's shape. This research focuses on the characteristics of transitions detected during changes of facial expression, particularly using dynamical spatial and time-series analysis. This paper describes the development of the sensing system, the experimental results of head orientation measurements, and the results of facial expression analysis.


Abstract 5262 Nitric oxide (NO) has been previously shown to inhibit adenosine diphosphate (ADP)- and thrombin- mediated platelet activation. This inhibitory effect of NO is blocked by cell-free oxyhemoglobin (Villagra, Shiva et al. 2007). Cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) also appears to directly activate platelets even in the absence of ADP. However, the precise mechanisms for cell-free Hb-induced platelet activation have not been fully delineated. We hypothesized that oxyhemoglobin can promote platelet activation through one of three potential mechanisms: 1) direct apoprotein interaction with platelet receptors, 2) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and/or 3) scavenging of endogenous NO. Platelets were isolated from whole blood obtained from healthy volunteers (n=15) using sodium citrate blood collection tubes. Platelet activation was measured by examining immunofluorescent Pac-1 labeling by flow cytometry using activated glycoprotein IIb/IIIa as a measure of activation. In the presence of 10 uM concentration of NO donor mahmaNONOate, ADP-induced platelet activation was inhibited by 44%. Incubation of 100 uM cell-free oxyhemoglobin eliminated the inhibitory effect of NO. In addition, cell-free oxyhemoglobin (100 uM concentration) induced platelet activation by 17% above unstimulated controls even in the absence of ADP. Methemoglobin was used to test if direct Hb protein interaction with platelets was sufficient for platelet activation, independent of heme redox state. To produce methemoglobin, the ferrous iron in oxyhemoglobin was oxidized to its ferric form, thus methemoglobin is likely to preserve all direct protein interactions. However, unlike oxyhemoglobin, incubation of 100 uM methemoglobin did not induce platelet activation. Next, we tested whether reactive oxygen species production was responsible for hemoglobin-induced platelet activation. In the absence of hemoglobin, superoxide dismutase (SOD) (100 U/ml) and catalase (100 U/ml) reduced baseline platelet activation, verifying a ROS (Pignatelli, Pulcinelli et al. 1998). However, in the presence of oxyhemoglobin, SOD and catalase did not significantly abrogate the effect of Hb on platelet activation, suggesting that the ROS superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are not involved in hemoglobin-induced platelet activation. To determine if scavenging of endogenous NO was responsible for hemoglobin-induced platelet activation, platelets were incubated in the presence or absence of NO scavengers, carboxy-PTIO (5mM) and Fe-DTCS (3 mM), or nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, LNMMA (100 uM). Results from these investigations suggest scavenging of endogenous NO was not responsible for hemoglobin-induced platelet activation. Overall our data suggest a complex mechanism for oxyhemoglobin-mediated platelet activation that is likely to involve more than a single contributing pathway. These data aid in elucidating the mechanism of platelet activation by cell-free hemoglobin and may provide novel insights to designing potential treatments to reduce the platelet activation underlying hypercoagulable states associated with a variety of pathological conditions including hemolytic anemias, stroke, and diabetes. This work was supported by NIH grants HL058091 and HL098032 Disclosures: Gladwin: Patents filed related to treating hemolysis.: Patents & Royalties. Kim-Shapiro: Patents filed related to treating hemolysis. Honororia from Sangart Inc.: Honoraria, Patents & Royalties.


OF THESIS STATUS OF COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINES In 2006, Congress passed the MINER Act requiring mine operators to submit an emergency response plan that included post-accident communications and tracking systems to MSHA within three years of the Act. These systems were required to be designed for maximum survivability after a catastrophic event, such as a fire or explosion, and to be permissible (meets MSHA criteria for explosion-proof). At that time, no commercially available systems existed that met these standards. Several companies undertook developing new, or enhancing existing, technologies to meet these requirements. This research presents the results of a study that was conducted to determine the present day types of systems being used, along with their average annual worker hours, coal production, number of mechanized mining units, and type of communications and tracking systems installed. Furthermore, 10 mines were visited to obtain detailed information related to the various technologies. It was found the most influential parameters on system selection include MSHA district, mining method, and number of underground workers.


1 A laboratory study evaluating the effects of winter surface applications on the hydraulic 2 conductivity of porous concrete pavements is presented. The objectives of the study were to: (1) 3 determine the effects of typical winter surface application (sand and salt, 2:1 ratio by weight) on 4 the hydraulic conductivity of porous concrete specimens, (2) determine the effects of maximum 5 fines infiltration on hydraulic conductivity; and (3) examine the effectiveness of vacuuming as a 6 tool to reclaim hydraulic conductivity after some amount of clogging had occurred. Hydraulic 7 conductivities of virgin specimens ranged from 0.18 cm/s (255 in/hr) to 1.22 cm/s (1,729 in/hr). 8 Reduction in hydraulic conductivity after the winter surface application of 0.12 g/cm 2 was found 9 to be 15%. After maximum clogging had been achieved, reductions in hydraulic conductivity 10 were measured around 35%. Specimens that were vacuumed to reclaim hydraulic conductivity 11 after clogging were on average restored to within 10% of the initial hydraulic conductivity. 12


Adolescence is an important period of growth in which healthy transition from dependence on family ideally occurs, particularly in Western societies. This may be perceived, however, as meaning that young people are increasingly less likely to need family involvement and support in their lives. As a consequence of this, there is no consistent approach to the involvement of family members in treatment and intervention options for young people in need of support. This paper examines the literature regarding adolescent-parent relationships, and explores the evidence for family involvement in interventions, such as family therapy, to address adolescent problems. Examples of practice are provided. Image: Shavar Ross / Flickr