There is considerable interest in processing technologies which can lead to more energy efficient sintering of metal powders. The use of microwave sintering in particular leads to reduced energy usage during sintering as the volumetric heating process is considerably more efficient compared with resistance heating. In this study the use of a novel plasma microwave processing technology for the sintering of nickel powder discs is evaluated. The sintering study was carried out on 20 mm diameter by 2 mm thick pressed discs of nickel powder, with mean particle size of 1 μm. The discs were fired in a 5 cm diameter microwave (2.45 GHz) plasma ball under a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 2 kPa. The same discs were also sintered using both non plasma microwave and tube furnace firing. The microwave plasma sintering is very rapid with full disc strength of approx. 1000 N based on 3--point bend tests being achieved within 10 minutes. In contrast the sintering time in the tube furnace involved treatments of up to 6 hours. The non plasma microwave system involved intermediate treatment periods of 1 to 2 hours. Another advantage of the microwave plasma treatment is that the degree of sintering between the individual nickel powder particles can be precisely controlled by the duration of the treatment time in the plasma. There was a broadly linear increase in fired pellet breaking strength with plasma treatment duration. In addition to breaking load, the mechanical properties of the sintered nickel discs were compared based on Rockwell hardness tests and density measurements. The morphology of the sintered discs was compared using microscopy and SEM. This study demonstrated that the plasma microwave sintered discs produced similar or superior performance (depending on processing conditions) to discs fired using the non-plasma microwave and furnace firing conditions. Accurate control of the sample conditions and structure can easily be controlled with the plasma system compared with the conventional systems. The apparent volumetric heating in the microwave systems give a more uniform heating at lower temperatures and allows for greater control and homogeneity.


Cancer is a disease which can be removed if early stage tumor identification systems efficiently and accurately work at cancer hospitals. As the accuracy in detection of tumor means to detect exact size of the tumor. Because the best way to beat cancer is early stage tumor diagnosis and quality treatment. In this research article an accuracy module is proposed for computer aided tumor diagnosis system. The ultimate proposed CAD gets image of tumor infected lung and breast images from different state of the art early stage tumor detection methodologies as micrographic and mammographic based imaging systems. For accuracy in detection of early stage tumor, image enhancement and segmentation techniques are applied according to the imaging problems at input image. Also for accurate estimation of tumor the 3D image construction and 3D structure analysis are tried to realized. The realization of the proposed CAD proves that the accuracy module can assist well the computer aided tumor diagnosis systems with almost near to 100% accuracy in early stage tumor detection and size estimation for breast and lung cancer. Keywords: Computer Aided Tumor Detection, Accurate identification


Native phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were isolated from four areas (Ankober, Keyt, Mehalmeda and Molale) of Ethiopia to study their effect on releases of soluble phosphorus from insoluble P sources. The highest bacterial number was found at Keyt (2.6 ×10 3 g -1 soil) and the least at Molale (15 g -1 soil). Five efficient PSB were selected for further study based on their ability in forming a higher clear zone diameter than the other isolates. These isolates were identified based on phenotypic characters as Pseudomonas sp. Anb-105, Meh-008, Meh-101, Meh-303 and Meh-305. The phosphate solubilizing efficiency of these five isolates along with Jim-41 isolate from the National Soil Research Centre were studied using different P sources [Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP), Egyptian Rock Phosphate (ERP), Bikilal Rock Phosphate (BRP) and Old Bone meal (OB)] in an incubation study. The results revealed that all the PSB isolates significantly (P ≤ 0.01) solubilized a higher amount of TCP, ERP and OB over the uninoculated control. The highest amount of solubilization was achieved for TCP with Meh-305 (39 mg per 50 ml) followed by ERP with Meh-101 (31 mg per 50ml) at pH 3.82 and 3, respectively. Although Meh-008 and Jim-41 isolates solubilized significant amount of BRP during the 20 days of incubation, the soluble P obtained was very small as compared to other P source tested.


The paper describes the process characteristic of pure seawater flue gas desulphurization(SWFGD)developed by Dongfang Boiler Group Co.,Ltd..SO2 in raw flue gas is efficiently removed in steel structure spraying empty tower,and acid seawater in absorber is discharged by means of gravity.Seawater as absorbent is fed by the combination of common pipe and individual pipe.For FGD seawater quality treatment,middle-level aeration in aeration basin or aeration in absorber will be adopted based on design condition.


Today, we look at Europe through the prism of the last three centuries: "a tale... full sound and fury," the story of the nations of Europe. But, Europe of peoples is a region characterized by a large variety of cultures united by individualism, the Greek reason and the Jewish-Christian heritage. If the latter has been carried by the Catholic Church, the former ones have been passed by universities which were based on Greek philosophy and Roman law. Those values have emerged during the Middle-Age, thanks to the separation of Augustinian spheres that universities have successfully completed, and later, they have developed a reasoning thinking until the coming up of experimental science in the 16th century (Copernicus, 1543; Galilei, 1623). And, willing or not, the Catholic Church has permitted, through the charters delivered to the newborn universities, and the individual freedom they have authorized for professors and students, the development of this embryonic "civil society" until its coming up during the enlightenment. From the thirteenth century, universities have created a real Europe, through the belonging of students to an expert culture "unified by Christendom, the universality of degrees and the use of Latin as a universal...cultural language, the travel experience and the meeting of someone else as an existential training."1


ABSTRACT Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Egypt. Colonoscopy is the standard for detection of lesions. The combination of screening methods is effective. Decrease and loss of DPP-IV/CD26 expression and activity are found in microenvironments of specific tumors which are related to impaired immune functions. Aim of the work To study sCD26 as a noninvasive test in Egyptian patients with CRC as well as their correlation to CEA, CA 19–9 & other -biochemical parameters and determine the possibility to use it as a diagnostic tool for CRC. Patients and methods This study included 40 patients divided into two groups: group I: comprised 20 patients with CRC, group II: comprised 20 patients with other colorectal disease together with 20 healthy control. Results There was highly significant decrease in sCD26 in group I in comparison to group II and III. CD26 at cutoff 4.69 mg/mL, its sensitivity was 85% and its specificity was 87.5%. Conclusion CD26 is involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal diseases; sCD26 is diminished in CRC patients suggesting the potential utility of a sCD26 for diagnosis


The invention discloses a preparation method of multilayer bamboo surface window blind sheets with curved sections. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting bamboo slices, wherein the lengths of the bamboo slices are a little greater than the required length of each window blind sheet; and the widths are equal to those of a plurality of window blind sheets; (2) selecting a filling sheet, wherein the length and the width of the filling sheet are equal to those of the bamboo slices; (3) selecting a binding agent to sequentially adhere the bamboo slice, the filling sheet and the bamboo slice in a laminating mode to form a window blind sheet multilayer block body; (4) placing the window blind sheet multilayer block body in large-format dies which correspond to each other up and down, have the same period and the same curve shape and are continuously formed so as to form a large-format curved plate by pressing; (5) cutting along the length direction of the large-format curved plate to obtain multilayer bamboo surface window blind blank sheets with the curved sections; and (6) finishing the cutting surfaces and the margins of two end faces of each multilayer bamboo surface window blind blank sheet to obtain the multilayer bamboo surface window blind sheets with the curved sections. The preparation method has the advantages of high production efficiency, low production cost, rational energy source consumption and high yield.


Tree resources in one of the floodplain area of Bangladesh were enumerated considering the composition, distribution and diversity of the species. The enumeration was done in the homesteads, campuses of the institutes and waste/marginal lands. Artocarpus heterophyllus and Swietenia mahagoni were found to be the most common and major tree species.


We present a fairly elementary, self-contained proof of the nonexistence of a finite projective plane of order $6$. Our approach is motivated by theory of binary codes but does not appeal to it directly.


A dual band microstrip patch antenna with meandering ground plane is presented in this paper. The antenna covers the frequency range of 2.73–2.83 GHz, WLAN band (5.15 to 5.35 GHz and 5.72 to 5.85 GHz) and uplink C band (5.925 to 6.425 GHz). The fractional bandwidths antenna at the lower band is about 3.59% (2.73–2.83 GHz) and at the upper band about 36% (4.83–7 GHz). The patch slots and pyramidal shape has found to be responsible for the dual wide band antenna characteristic. Maximum gain at the lower (2.75 GHz) and upper band (5.8 GHz) of the antenna is 0.6 dB and 2 dB respectively.


The definition of space and spatial organization as being produced, and structured, in and through the organization of social relationships, has been thoroughly developed over the past few years. In this contribution, it is argued that spatial organization should be conceptualized in a double form, i.e. as a social relationship and a force of production. In the literature, however, the latter conceptualization has been given little attention. The paper attempts to elucidate the theoretical formulation of 'territorial organization' as a force of production. In the first part of the paper, the notion of 'territorial organization' is defined. In a second part, the nature of 'territorial organization' as a force of production is further substantiated. Key notions, such as externalities, the monopolization of location, co-operation, and division of labour, provide the theoretical basis to elucidate the role of 'territorial organization' as a force of production. In a third part, the contradiction between the private appropriation of the powers embodied in territory, and the social character of 'territorial organization', is explored. The implication of this analysis for theorizing 'the production of space' is assessed. Finally, it is argued that space itself is structured and restructured through the dialectical interaction of forces and relations of production, and place (or geography) should be considered simultaneously as the arena in which this struggle unfolds, and as the stake of this struggle, that is the power to command (the powers of) place.


The bond market get started in the 1980s in China, along with the gradual improvement of various bond, as well as further going through of the interest rates liberalization reform, interest risk in bond's investment has become the major market risk which most investor encountered. Thus, there have been existed important theory significance and the practice value which we need pay more consideration and avoidance upon interest risk in bond market. In this article we focus on analyzing the fundamental tool,duration and convexity,which being used to avoid interest risk in bond's investment.


We propose interpolation based projection techniques for model reduction of quadratic bilinear descriptor systems. The approach identifies projection matrices from the bilinear approximation of the original quadratic bilinear descriptor system and applies Petrov‐Galerkin projection to the original system to construct the required reduced quadratic bilinear descriptor system. Two different techniques of computing the projection matrices from the bilinear approximation are proposed. One is based on linear parametric model reduction and the other is the bilinear rational Krylov method. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The emission of sol gel prepared YBO 3∶Eu was studied, and the results demonstrate that there are two types of symmetry sites for Eu 3+ in the lattice. A theoretical calculation proves that the symmetries of these two sites are C 3v and D 3 respectively. Under these assignments, the fitted energy positions and point group selection rules of Eu 3+ at C 3v and D 3 sites agree fairly well with the experimental results.


This article analyzes whether spontaneous trait inferences explicitly refer to a disposition of the actor or whether they only identify the type of behavior in which the actor was engaged. The authors used a novel primed recognition paradigm, in which participants had to indicate whether the implied trait was part of the original sentence after being briefly primed with the name of the actor, verb (i.e., action), or a control word. If traits are spontaneously encoded during reading, participants will tend to erroneously recognize the trait as part of the sentence or will need extra time to inhibit this error. The results from three experiments demonstrate that spontaneous trait inferences are associated with both the actor and action and that information disconfirming a causal attribution to the person eliminates these spontaneous trait inferences.


A passive reactive loaded catheter antenna working at 0.8 GHz with peak gain 1.65dBi is designed for microwave ablation application in deep tissue environment. The proposed structure is 61% miniaturized with respect to an equivalent unloaded quarter wavelength monopole designed to work at the same frequency. The input impedance of the proposed catheter antenna can be practically engineered using series L-C loading in order to achieve good impedance matching at a desired miniaturization level with respect to an arbitrary source impedance without the need for external matching networks. The proposed catheter structure exhibits 38.7 dBm radiated power at around 0.8 GHz when inserted in deep tissue environment with 40dBm (10 W) of input CW power.


A complete and accurate description of the conduction properties of the entire population of nerve fibers within a peripheral nerve bundle has long been an important objective of clinical neuromuscular electrophysiology. Access to such information would increase the sensitivity and specificity of neuromuscular electrodiagnostics, and provide improved means of assessing nerve development, growth, regeneration, and response to treatment. One approach has been to generate an estimate of the distribution of conduction velocities (CVD) of all fibers by solving the inverse problem in electroneurography. The complexity and the inconvenience of current CVD estimation techniques have restricted their use to the research laboratory. In order to be accepted and utilized in a clinical setting, conduction velocity distribution estimates should be noninvasive and fast, without the need for complex procedures or costly equipment. A new technique for improving the estimation of conduction velocity distributions over a short segment of nerve is described and its feasibility is investigated. Using a short segment of nerve can significantly simplify the placement of surface electrodes while reducing the time and the discomfort involved in the acquisition of evoked compound action potential signals. The technique involves normalizing nerve-to-electrode transfer functions at a plurality of closely spaced recording sites. Following normalization, differences between compound action potential waveforms can be attributed to the effects of temporal dispersion and more accurate CVD estimates can be calculated from the short nerve segment. The feasibility of the method is evaluated using simulated and experimental compound action potential data. A formal study is performed to assess the performance of the technique in a clinical setting. Thesis Supervisor: Roger G. Mark Title: Distinguished Professor in Health Sciences and Technology; Professor of Electrical Engineering


The popular method for MANET to access the Internet is choosing some gateways through which MANET can act as a subnet of the Internet. In these solutions, gateways will be the bottleneck of the whole network. Meanwhile, gateway selection and handoff are also the problems. Since aforesaid problems, a new protocol was implemented on embedded devices based on iAODV, and route optimization and link failure repair were proposed and implemented for a further step. The interconnected protocol introduced interconnected node (ICN) and wired node (WDN), and was compatible with multiple network interfaces. To access the Internet, the interconnected protocol routed ICN, WDN and WLNwireless node as peers. Experimental results show that in the presence of ICNs and WDNs, the new protocol has higher overall network bandwidth and better data transfer stability than AODV. When the network topology changes frequently, it tries to find a better path by route optimization, and detect or repair the link broken timely by link failure repair. In traditional MANET in which all nodes are wireless, the interconnected protocol has a similar performance to AODV.


Background/Aim. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern
 associated with increased cardiovascular risks and premature mortality.
 Proteinuria is a vital prognostic indicator for CKD outcomes. Sodium-glucose
 cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors show promise in reducing proteinuria and
 slowing CKD progression. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact
 of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy on CKD patients over one year, evaluating serum
 creatinine (sCr), 24-hour urine protein (24hPiU), estimated glomerular
 filtration rate (eGFR), and blood pressure changes. Methods. This
 prospective study monitored 79 CKD patients on therapy with SGLT2
 inhibitors. Patients received an SGLT2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin) once daily
 (10 mg), and assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months and 1 year.
 The study evaluated sCr, 24hPiU, eGFR, systolic blood pressure (BPs),
 diastolic blood pressure (BPd), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC),
 triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), sodium (Na+),
 and potassium (K+). Results. Over the one-year follow-up, significant
 changes were seen in UA levels (5.36 ? 4.99 ? 4.94 mg/dL; p=0.032), 24hPiU
 (662.60 ? 574.11 ? 507.72 mg/dL; p=0.026), as well as BPs (128.44 ? 125.64 ?
 126.12 mmHg ; p=0.028). No significant variations were observed in BPd, sCr,
 TC, TG, LDL, K levels. Na+ levels displayed anotable decrease (148.21 ?
 147.57 ? 146.41 mmol/L; p=0.021). Conclusion. The study suggests potential
 benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors in managing CKD.


I take this opportunity to acknowledge the work of Adrian Ivakhiv, who both put together and contributed to the PRAXIS section in the December, 2010 issue that contained reviews of Ken Burns PBS documentry National Parks: America's Best Idea. This acknowledgement was omitted from the issue in error. In addition, I want to thank our Volume 4 guest reviewers. In reviewing over 80 submissions in 2010, the journal employed the volunteer efforts of over 50 guest reviewers from 11 countries. The guest reviewers are listed below in alphabetical order. Thanks to all of you for your work on behalf of the journal!!! In addition, 2010 marks both the end of the tenure of three key individuals whose leadership has been instrumental in launching and growing the journal: Steve Schwarze and Phaedra Pezzullo, who are ending their stints as PRAXIS Co-Editors; and Tarla Rai Peterson, a stalwart member of the editorial team since the journal was originally proposed back in 2006 who is ending her term as Associate Editor. Steve, Phaedra, and Tarla*the environmental communication field owes much to your vision, integrity, and hard work. I know that all three of you will continue to produce outstanding scholarship of your own in the years ahead.


Submitted for the MAR13 Meeting of The American Physical Society Catching Microwave Photons in a Superconducing Resonator with Tunable Coupling JAMES WENNER, YI YIN, YU CHEN, R. BARENDS, B. CHIARO, J. KELLY, M. MARIANTONI, A. MEGRANT, J. MUTUS, C. NEILL, S. OHYA, D. SANK, T. WHITE, A.N. CLELAND, JOHN M. MARTINIS, University of California, Santa Barbara — When transferring a quantum state from a freely propagating mode to a resonator, reflections must be minimized to avoid energy loss. Performing this transfer with high fidelity requires tunable coupling. We experimentally studied a 50 Ohm transmission line with tunable coupling to a 6GHz superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator, which in turn is capacitively coupled to a phase qubit for calibration. We classically drove the resonator while measuring the reflected and captured signals using a HEMT amplifier. Following theory by Korotkov (PRB 84, 014510, 2011), we find that the photon capture efficiency is maximized with an exponentially increasing drive; further improvements come from varying pulse duration and dynamic coupling. With these techniques, we reduce reflections so that presently over 80% of the pulse energy is captured by the resonator. James Wenner University of California, Santa Barbara Date submitted: 05 Nov 2012 Electronic form version 1.4


Grid turbulence in a flowing soap film is investigated with ambient pressure $P$ as one of the control parameters. Reducing $P$ significantly decreases air drag thus minimizing three-dimensional effects on the flowing film. It was found that while the total kinetic energy $\frac{1}{2}〈{v}^{2}〉\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\int}E(k)\mathrm{dk}$ of velocity fluctuations increased noticeably as $P$ was reduced, the energy spectrum $E(k)$ for wave numbers greater than the injection scale was remarkably insensitive to the pressure change, and obeyed a power law $E(k)\ensuremath{\sim}{k}^{\ensuremath{-}3.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3}$.


The paper presents several considerations regarding hop culture and beer production at the international level in the last years. In the period 2001-2012, the hops have dropped continuously from 58,903 ha to 46,971 ha (-20.3%), and the hop productions were located between 85,585 mt in 2006 and 113,669 mt in 2009. During this period, the production of beer increased from 1,424 million hl in 2001 at 1,951 million hl in 2012.


The paper has calculated the steel pipe pile mound platform structure large span iron tower on sea in 500 kV transmission lines engineering,it has analysed the influence on pile foundation inner force of mound platform strength optimizing analysis to the layout of steel pipe pile with alignment guadratic plan method,the calculation result make clear: optimized mound platform pile foundation structure design is safe and reliablr.


Along with the development of market economy in China, PE industry has been regarded as a prespective industry and a new increase point of national income.PE industry has come to a new period now. In the paper the author looks back the development of PE industry of our country, and then gives some advice on how to develop PE industry healthily,orderly and normally.


INTRODUCTION
Antibiotic combination therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori should be based on local resistance patterns.

OBJECTIVE
To d etermine the resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin in a population from Cauca province, through the identification of mutations in the 23S rRNA gene in DNA from gastric biopsies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 162 patients with functional dyspepsia were included in the study. The 23S rRNA gene and the DNA from 162 gastric specimens were amplified by PCR, and the mutation pattern was identified by direct sequencing.

RESULTS
The frequency of clarithromycin resistance was 4%. A2143G mutation was found in four patients (2.46%) and A2142G mutation was found in three patients (1.85%).

CONCLUSIONS
Our study shows that the most frequent genotype in H. pylori -positive specimens was A2143G, followed by A2142G. The observed resistance prevalence of H. pylori was low; thus, we consider that clarithromycin treatment is a valid option for H. pylori eradication in the study population.


A solar cell structure includes P-type and N-type doped regions. A dielectric spacer is formed on a surface of the solar cell structure (201). A metal layer is formed on the dielectric spacer and on the surface of the solar cell structure that is exposed by the dielectric spacer (202). A metal foil is placed on the metal layer (203). A laser beam is used to weld the metal foil to the metal layer (204). A laser beam is also used to pattern the metal foil (204). The laser beam ablates portions of the metal foil and the metal layer that are over the dielectric spacer. The laser ablation of the metal foil cuts the metal foil into separate P-type and N-type metal fingers.


Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) system has been wildly used in recent ten years. A Handhold reader and some passive tags compose an efficient system for retail scenarios, such as storage management and item inventory. However, the heavily energy consumption of the reader battery, which due to the frequent tag collisions, is a main limitation for such a RFID system in large scale item-level scenario. To avoid the collisions, Dynamic Frame Slotted ALOHA anti-collision algorithms (DFSA) are popularly being used. But unreliable tag number estimation and non-optimized frame size selection may lead to more energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a novel tag population estimation and frame length selection method based on tag location-aware scheme to optimize the DFSA tag anti-collision algorithm. In our method, the handhold reader firstly collects the tags' location information and divides them into different clusters based on their distance from the reader. Then by estimating the tag population for each cluster, the reader utilizes this value to achieve an optimum frame size and automatically adjusting the transmission power to scan the tags in corresponding tag cluster. We also give a quantitative energy consumption model for the passive RFID system. According to the simulation results, the passive RFID system throughput and energy efficiency can be highly increased by using our scheme.


It is well known that essential oils and their specific constituents have antimicrobial effects against several pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms. Therefore, essential oils can be used as alternative or complementary antifungal agents against pathogenic yeasts, especially drug-resistant strains. In addition, essential oils can be used to reduce the effective dose of antifungal drugs. This study evaluates the anti-yeast potential of some essential oil constituents (EOCs), namely, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and linalool. Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used as indicator test strains. EOCs exhibited significant fungicidal activity against indicator strains. The minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of the EOCs ranged from 0.048 to 3.12 microl/ml, while the MFC values of amphotericin B and ketoconazole (positive controls) ranged from 0.78 to 1.56 microg/ml and 6.25ndash12.25 microg/ml, respectively. These compounds could be further developed into new antifungal agents, either alone or in combination with conventional antifungals.


Hand gestures can be used easily and intuitively, and have been focused as the way of interaction between human and computer games. Since a human hand can express various shapes of gestures, there may exist non-gestures which has not been defined and they can occur errors of the interfaces. Therefore, they should be detected and rejected prior to recognize defined hand gestures. Because non-gestures have various and complex pattern distributions, there is a limitation that a single model cannot learn and detect them accurately. In this paper, we proposed to use k-Meas clustering-based multiple non-gesture rejection models to implement an enhanced hand gesutre-based interface. The proposed interface was applied to the first-person shooting game actually. When the user inputs hand gestures, the interface firstly rejects non-gestures and secondly recognizes only correct gestures and performs interactions. In order to show the outstanding recognition performance of the proposed interface, we compared recognition accuracies with the methods including a single rejection model and threshold-based rejection models. As the result, the proposed interface showed up to 5.38% improved recognition accuracy. 핵심어: hand gesture, gesture recognition, data glove, first-person shooting game 이 논문은 2010년도 정부 (교육과학기술부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단 뇌과학원천기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (2010-0018948). *주저자 : 연세대학교 컴퓨터과학과 석사과정 e-mail: email@example.com **공동저자 : 연세대학교 컴퓨터과학과 박사과정 e-mail: email@example.com ***교신저자 : 연세대학교 컴퓨터과학과 교수; e-mail: email@example.com


Based on analyzing and introducing the new structure,characteristic and technology of underground loader which has been produced by famous manufacture of underground loader in the world in recent years,this paper briefly introduces the status quo and development of foreign underground loader in order to provide references for development of domestic underground loader.


A traveling-wave induction accelerator was designed and built to launch 1 cm diameter cylindrical aluminum tubes (surrogate IFE targets) into a vacuum chamber at speeds greater than 50 m/s. The accelerator is 0.55 m long with 300 coils. Each coil is energized 30 degrees out of phase with the adjacent coils resulting in a traveling sinusoidal magnetic field that moves past the projectile with resulting accelerating force. Saddle coils surrounding the axial drive coils provide projectile spin. Four saddle coils were placed around the projectile's flight path at a distance of 0.4 m from the barrel. AC voltage energizes these coils resulting in an AC quadrupole magnetic field that provides a centering force as the projectiles pass through the coils. To further improve accuracy, an actively controlled, in-flight, magnetic steering system was placed after the initial passive steering coils. This system measured the position of the projectile at two locations, in real time and adjusted the AC current in another set of four saddle coils to correct the measured trajectory errors. The first set of steering coils improved the standard deviation by a factor of 8 and the second set by an additional factor of 3, for a total factor of 24 improvement.


There is a big income gap between the city and country in our country currently.The reason which produces the income gap is various,and the system design which is partial to the city is an important reason among which.We should reform and perfect the unfair system to reduce the income gap between the city and country.


To drive an Ultrasonic cleaner on Solar PV array rated at 18V which utilizes the power coming from the solar panel as efficiently as possible a Boost converter coupled with a Parallel resonant inverter is presented in the paper. A Lithium-Ion battery 36V rated at 3.5Ah is charged by the boost converter and its output is fed to the Parallel Resonant Inverter and the battery parameters like voltage current and the State of Charge(SOC) are to be monitored. The simulation is carried out to achieve a 120 watts output power that is used to drive the transducer placed on the cleaner's floor bed. The output obtained at the end of the Parallel resonant inverter can be used by Ultrasonic cleaning applications. The switching stress and losses get reduced due to the implementation of a parallel resonant inverter. This, in turn, increases the efficiency of the circuit.


--I estimated survival rates of a Florida Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia floridana) population on a 35.9-km $ study area in Lee County, Florida, 1987-91 to determine if there was a relationship between annual survival and development density. The study area spanned a residential development density gradient ranging lkom <2% to >74% of lots with houses. Survival rates were estimated from a sample of 119 banded adult male, 152 adult female, and 310 juvenile Burrowing Owls using CormackJolly-Seber capture-recapture models and Fisher's maximum likelihood method of parameter estimation. Survival rates were estimated separately for sections of the study area where <20% of 0.2-ha lots were developed (i.e., homes built), 20-39% were developed, 40-60% were developed, and >60% were developed. The most parsimonious models indicated that adult male survival was 81% (SE = 0.04) where <20% or >60% of lots were developed, and 62% (SE = 0.05) elsewhere. Adult female survival was 52% (SE = 0.06) where 40-60% of lots were developed and 69% (SE = 0.04) elsewhere. Juvenile survival was 18% (SE = 0.08) where <20% of lots were developed, 43% (SE = 0.08) where 20-39% of lots were developed, 28% (SE = 0.04) where 40-60% of lots were developed, and 11% (SE = 0.03) where >60% of lots were developed. I speculate that the inverse relationship between adult and juvenile survival across development zones reflected the greater recruitment opportunities that existed for juveniles in development zones where adult mortality was high. Patterns of adult mortality more closely tracked trends in the rate of home construction than the density of homes, suggesting factors associated with home building and the attendant landscape changes might result in high Burrowing Owl mortality. K•3⁄4 Worn)s: Burrowing Owl; demography; development; Florida; mark-recapture; Athene cunicularia floridaria; survival; urban wildlife management. Supervivencia de Athene cuniculariafioridana en un gradiente de desarrolo urbano RESUMEN.--Estimfi las tazas de supervivencia de una poblaci0n de bfihos cavadores de la florida (Athene cunicularia floridana) en un area de estudio de 35.9-km 2 en el condado Lee, Florida, 1987-91 para determinar si habia una relaci0n entre la supervivencia anual y la densidad del desarrollo. E1 area de estudio comprende un gradiente de densidad de desarrollo residencial que va desde <2% a >74% de lotes con casas. Las tasas de supervivencia fueron estimadas partir de una muestra de 119 machos adultos anillados. 152 hembras adultas, y 310 bfihos cavadores juveniles usando los modelos de captura recaptura de Cormack-Jolly-Seber y el mfitodo de maxima probabilidad de la estimaci0n de parametros de Fisher. Las tasas de supervivencia fueron estimadas separadamente por secciones del firea de estudio que estaban bajo desarrollo asi: <20% de los lotes de 0.2 ha (V. Gr. construcciones familiares), 2039%, 40-60%. Y >60 % en desarrollo. La mayoria de modelos de parsimonia indican que la supervivencia de los machos adultos fue 81% (SE = 0.04)en donde <20% o >60% de los lotes estaban desarrollados, y 62% (SE = 0.05) en cualquiera de los otros. La supervivencia de los juveniles fue 18% (SE = 0.08) en donde <20% de los lotes estaban desarrollados, 43% (SE = 0.08) donde 20-39% de los lotes se habian desarrollado, 28% (SE = 0.04) donde 40-60% de los lotes estaban desarrollados, y 11% (SE = 0.03) donde >60% de los lotes se habian desarrollado. Especulo que la relaci0n inversa entre la supervivencia de adultos y juveniles a lo largo de las zonas desarrolladas reflejan las mayores oportunidades que tienen los juveniles para restablecerse n zonas desarrolladas en donde la mortalidad de los adultos fue elevada. Los patrones de mortalidad de adultos mostraron tendencias mas cercanaroerite asociadas a la tasa de construcci0n de hogares que a la densidad de los mismos, sugiriendo que los factores asociados a la construcci0n y a los consecuentes cambios del paisaje podrian dar como resultado una alta mortalidad de bfihos cavadores. [Traducci6n de C•sar Marquez] 1 E-mail address: email@example.com 4 MILLSAP VOL. 36, NO. 1 The disjunct population of Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia floridaria) in Florida was historically closely associated with native prairies in the central peninsula (Rhodes 1892, Nicholson 1954). The species began a rapid range expansion in the state in the 1950s as human settlement converted vast areas of former woodland to pasture and horne development (Ligon 1963, Courser 1979, Millsap 1996). Today, many of Florida's Burrowing Owl populations occur in suburban neighborhoods, airports, and industrial parks (MacKenzie 1944, Neill 1954, Ligon 1963, Courser 1979). Several urban Florida Burrowing Owl populations have shown declines, and some urban populations have been extirpated (Courser 1976, Consiglio and Reynolds 1987). The collapse of a few highly visible urban populations prompted concern for the species' status in Florida, and it was listed as a Species of Special Concern by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission in 1979 (Millsap 1996). Subsequent studies have shown that a complex relationship exists between Burrowing Owl population status and development in some urban areas. Wesemann and Rowe (1987) showed that Burrowing Owl nest density, as well as arthropod and anole (Anolis spp.) prey populations, were highest where houses occupied from 54-60% of the landscape in Cape Coral, Lee County, Florida. Millsap and Bear (2000) reported that productivity (number of young fledged per occupied breeding site) in this same population increased with increasing housing development until 45-60% of the landscape was developed. Productivity seemed to decline where development exceeded 70%. The objective of this paper is to determine how Burrowing Owl survival rates varied along the development density gradient on this same Cape Coral study area. I also assess implications of variation in survival rates relative to trends in density and productivity described in the previous studies (Wesemann and Rowe 1987, Millsap and Bear 2000). STUDY AREA AND METHODS Study Area. I conducted this work from 1 January 1987-10 July 1991 on a 35.9-km $ study area (of which 32.7 km $ was suitable Burrowing Owl habitat) in Cape Coral, Lee County, Florida, latitude 81ø99'N, longitude 26ø57'W (Fig. 1). Climate in Cape Coral is subtropical, with an annual mean temperature of 23.1øC. PrecipitaUon averages 125.7 cm annually, and 75% of rainfall occurs between May-September (climate data from NOAA climatological data summaries for Fort Myers, Florida, 20 km southeast of the study area). The area was historically unsuitable Burrowing Owl habitat, but it was rendered favorable when wetland filling and land clearing for development occurred in the early 1950s (Zeiss 1983). The study area consisted of filled upland subdivided into 0.2-ha lots suitable for homes, and dissected by access roads and saltwater canals. With the exception of a golf course (that was excluded from the study area due to access restrictions), three school campuses, and four recreation fields, the entire upland portion of the study area was subdivided fbr development. Groups of undeveloped lots of various configurations are interspersed with single-family homes throughout the study area. Vacant lots were maintained as grasslands by regular mowing by city maintenance crews. Developed lots usually contained manicured lawns of fibrous mats of sod with landscaped beds of trees and shrubs. The ratio of homes to vacant lots varied across the study area, with highest development in the eastern sections (where up to 74% of lots had homes built on them) and lowest in western sections (where as few as 2% of lots had homes on them). Definitions. Burrows attended by one or more adult owls or decorated with shredded paper and grass were considered occupied nest sites. A nest site was the area within 88 m (« the mean inter-nest distance [Millsap and Bear 2000] ) of a burrow where a nest attempt occurred, or where a single adult Burrowing Owl not known to be breeding elsewhere was seen on three or more occasions between 1 January-10 July. The term survival (dp) does not distinguish between individuals that survived from one year to the next and those that permanently emigrated (e) from the study area, unless it is specifically noted that adjustments to account for e were made. Recapture probability (p) is the probability of encountering a previously banded individual known to be alive in year i. Methods. I obtained measures of the percent of lots that were developed for each of 14 legal sections (2.59 km s) on the study area in each year of the study from the city of Cape Coral. Nearly all upland throughout the study area was divided into 0.2-ha lots, so the percent of developed lots provided a reliable relative measure of the extent of home development in each section. Development was not necessarily uniibrm, and school campuses and clusters of undeveloped lots provided pockets of open space even in the most densely developed areas. Consequently, the percent of developed lots is best considered an index to the relative level of development around nest sites at a landscape scale. I had insufficient data to assess survival of banded Burrowing Owls in each section, so I grouped owls into four development zones according to the percent of lots developed in the section where they were banded or last encountered. Development zones and area were: (1) zone 1, ->60% development, 8.0 kmS; (2) zone 2, 40-60% development, 5.1 kmS; (3) zone 3, 20-39% development, 7.5 kmS; and (4) zone 4, <20% development, 12.1 km $. I chose the break point at 60% based on changes in owl population density and productivity that occurred at this level of development (Wesemann 1986, Wesemann and Rowe 1987, Millsap and Bear 2000). Surveys to locate occupied nest sites were conducted from 1987-91 as described in Millsap and Bear (2000) using a te


26 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 OBESITY AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME 28 1.2 GLUCOCORTICOID EXCESS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 28 1.3 MECHANISMS OF GLUCOCORTICOID ACTION 31 1.3.1 Glucocorticoid receptor 31 1.3.2 Metabolic effects of glucocorticoids 32 1.4 CIRCULATING GLUCOCORTICOIDS IN OBESITY AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME 34 1.5 REGULATION OF TISSUE GLUCOCORTICOIDS BY THE 11BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES 36 1.6 TRANSGENIC MANIPULATIONS OF llp-HSD 39 1.7 llp-HSDl ACTIVITY IN OBESITY 40 1.7.1 'Whole body' regeneration of Cortisol from cortisone 41


In this study, an approximate solution of the Schr�dinger equation for the q-deformed Hulthen-quadratic exponential-type potential model within the framework of the Nikiforov�Uvarov method was obtained. The bound state energy equation and the corresponding eigenfunction was obtained. The energy spectrum is applied to study H2, HCl, CO and LiH diatomic molecules. The effect of the deformation parameters and other potential parameters on the energy spectra of the system were graphically and numerically analyzed in detail. Special cases were considered when the
 potential parameters were altered, resulting in deformed Hulthen potential, Hulthen potential, deformed quadratic exponential-type potential and quadratic exponential-type potential. The energy eigenvalues expressions agreed with what obtained in literature. Finally, the results can find many applications in quantum chemistry, atomic and molecular physics.


The performance of a turboexpander refrigeration system relies on the efficient operation of each of its components - the expander, compressor, and heat exchanger. The expander's efficiency depends on the mass flow rate, inlet gas pressure, inlet temperature, discharge pressure, gas composition, and shaft speed. Adjustments to changes in these parameters relate directly to the production of refrigeration and to the horsepower available to drive the compressor. The amount of this energy that is converted to useful pressure rise across the compressor reflects the compressor's efficiency, which is affected by the temperature and gas composition. Between the expander and compressor lies the heat exchanger. Any increase in the pressure drop across this component is equivalent to lost efficiency in the expander or compressor.


Abstract The degenerative process of the nigral dopamine(DA)rgic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) involves both oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In the present study, we aimed at developing a novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent for PD therapy. Toward this end, we screened a novel focused library of isothiocyanate derivatives that we have generated for an anti-inflammatory property. We obtained a novel compound ITC-57 and found that ITC-57 effectively induced gene expression of the antioxidant enzymes NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1, the catalytic and modulatory subunits of glutamylcysteine ligase, and HO-1 in DAergic neuronal CATH.a cells and protected CATH.a cells from oxidative damages. The compound also induced the same antioxidant enzymes in microglial BV-2 cells and suppressed the production of the proinflammatory molecules nitric oxide, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV-2 cells. In the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-elicited mouse model of PD, ITC-57 protected the DAergic neurons from degeneration, induced HO-1, lowered TNF-α, and suppressed microglial activation in the nigra. Furthermore, ITC-57 prevented the PD-associated motor deficits from occurring. Taken together, ITC-57 would be useful toward development of a disease-modifying therapy for PD.


Operation in the L-band may be useful for broadband DWDM transmission but is limited by the higher fiber attenuation in that region, regardless the fiber type. We present the on-off gain characterization of an L-band Raman amplifier, bi-directionally pumped by two C-band tunable fiber ring lasers and measured with different types of transmission fiber. The main focus of our studies has been on standard and dispersion shifted fibers, aiming L-band system upgrade of already installed fiber plants. The results indicate that L-band distributed Raman amplification allows for the desired bandwidth capacity increase


Abstract A palladium-catalyzed one-pot reaction for the synthesis of benzo[b]carbazolediones is described which proceeds by amination of 2,3-dibromonaphthoquinone, Suzuki cross-coupling with (2-bromophenyl)boronic acid, and subsequent intramolecular C–N Buchwald–Hartwig cyclization with amines.


People typically use geographic names instead of coordinates to find geographic information on the web through a search engine. But the current keyword-based web search engines are poorly adapted to help people find information that relates to a particular geographic name, because they don't incorporate the geospatial semantic during the search process. The Semantic Web is a new semantic-based information-retrieval environment. We propose the information organization framework of the GIS semantic data according to the architecture of the Semantic Web, that is, the ontology, the metadata and the data source. Then we deal with the organization of the semantic data based on the three-layered framework respectively. As a focus, we present a novel method to disambiguate geographical name based on the ontology of the place.


S.epidermidis lives naturally on the skin and mucous membranes. While at one time the appearance of S.epidermidis in clinical material could be dismissed as contamination, it is now one of the most important agents of nosocomial infections especially in immunocompromised individuals, neonates and patients with internal prosthetic devices. In these patients, the infection result from a compromise in both general and local defense mechanism, and inability to clear staphylococci from infected device because of a biofilm on the foreign body surface. Distinguishing, clinically significant pathogenic strains from contaminant strains is one of the major challenges facing clinical microbiologists. Because many isolates are multiply antibiotic resistant, their infections are difficult to treat and can even be fatal. A detailed characterization of isolates of S.epidermidis strains through speciation, genetics and antibiotic susceptibility may be necessary to distinguish infecting from contaminating isolates and to plan suitable therapy.


Objective To study the improvement effect of Puerarin on blood glucose and glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Methods The experimental mice were divided into two parts,the normal group and the model group. In normal group,mice were divided into the control subgroup and the high dose subgroup treated with Puetarin of 1.35 g/kg BW by gastric intubation,and in model group,mice were treated with STZ firstly,then,they were divided into model control subgroup and treatment subgroups with lower,moderate and high dose of Puerarin (0.23 g/kg BW,0.45 g/kg BW,1.35 g/kg BW,respectively). Whole mice were observed and treated with Puerarin for 30 days. At the end of the experiment,all mice were examined on their FBG and glucose tolerance was tested in model group. Results The puerarin had no effect on the weight and FBG among the normal mice,but in model group,compared with the model control,the decreasing percentage in 3 dose subgroups were higher than the model control subgroup and the difference was significant (P 0.05). In the experiment of glucose tolerance,the high dose subgroup's area that was under the blood glucose curve according to time was smaller than that of the model control subgroup and the difference was significant (P0.05). Conclusion The results suggest that the puerarin has the effect of reducing blood glucose level in model mice.


We study the spectral properties of discrete Schrodinger operators with potentials given by primitive invertible substitution sequences (or by Sturmian sequences whose rotation angle has an eventually periodic continued fraction expansion, a strictly larger class than primitive invertible substitution sequences). It is known that operators from this family have spectra which are Cantor sets of zero Lebesgue measure. We show that the Hausdorff dimension of this set tends to 1 as coupling constant λ tends to 0. Moreover, we also show that at small coupling constant, all gaps allowed by the gap labeling theorem are open and furthermore open linearly with respect to λ. Additionally, we show that, in the small coupling regime, the density of states measure for an operator in this family is exact dimensional. The dimension of the density of states measure is strictly smaller than the Hausdorff dimension of the spectrum and tends to 1 as λ tends to 0.


Vincent Goossaert, Ecole pratique des hautes etudes
PhD at EPHE (Ecole pratique des hautes etudes, 1997), research fellow at CNRS (1998–2012) and currently Professor of Daoism and Chinese religions at EPHE. He has been Visiting Professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Geneva University and Renmin University. His research deals with the social history of Chinese religion in late imperial and modern times. He has published books on the Daoist clergy, anticlericalism, Chinese dietary taboos, the production of moral norms, and, with David Palmer, The Religious Question in Modern China (Chicago 2011, Levenson Prize 2013). Since 2014 he has served as the dean of the EPHE graduate school.


Abstract In Oregon, comprehensive land use legislation has been enacted creating a state land use program, ORS Ch. 197. The original thrust of the Oregon land use program was not the provision of housing but the conservation of agricultural lands and the containment of urban facilities and services through urban growth boundaries around Oregon cities. Despite this orientation, the Oregon legislature became increasingly concerned about the implementation of the state housing goal, which provides in relevant part: "plans shall encourage the availability of adequate numbers of housing units at price ranges and rent levels which are commensurate with the financial capability of Oregon households. …" The legislature also enacted a state housing policy declaring that "the availability of housing opportunities for persons of lower, middle, and fixed income is a matter of state-wide concern…. [W]hen a need has been shown for housing within an urban growth boundary at particular price ranges and rent levels, neede...


The linguistic conceptualization of the sphere of entrepreneurship and business in Russian and English is due to the differences and peculiarities of the Russian mentality and the Western linguistic picture of the world and reflects their ethno specificity, and also explicates the system of conceptual-derivational and thematic groups of basic concepts, which are the semantic basis of this conceptualized space.The linguistic field of entrepreneurship and business is dominated by the syntactic way of derivation, which is the most important factor in its verbalization and categorization.


Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion with dimethyl ether has been carried out in a single cylinder engine with a transparent piston. The engine was operated at 800 rpm with a wide-open throttle. The intake-premixed mixture was preheated with an electric heater to promote auto-ignition. HCCI combustion with dimethyl ether indicates multi-stage heat releases. Investigations were conducted with visualization of combustion in the cylinder and detailed and temporal spectroscopic measurements using spectrometer. In order to understand reaction mechanism of auto-ignition and combustion mechanism in HCCI engine, spectrum analysis of chemiluminescence was carried out. Three main conclusions were drawn from this study. (1) Spectrum from chemiluminescence at low temperature oxidation was obtained successfully using developed optical fiber probe. (2) Emitting lights from HCHO according to Emeleous's cool flame bands appear at low temperature reaction. (3) During the main heat release, the CO-O recombination spectrum was strong. There was a strong correlation between rate of heat release and the CO-O recombination spectrum.


We discuss, from a condensed-matter point of view, the recent idea that the Poisson fluctuations of the cosmological constant about zero could be a source of the observed dark energy [1, 2]. We argue that the thermodynamic fluctuations of Λ are much bigger. Since the amplitude of the fluctuations is ∝ V–1/2, where V is the volume of the universe, the present constraint on the cosmological constant provides a lower limit for V that is much larger than the volume within the cosmological horizon. © 2004 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica". PACS numbers: 04.60.–m; 98.80.Cq Recently, the following approach to the solution of the cosmological problem has been suggested: the average value of the cosmological constant is zero, 〈Λ〉 = 0, due to the ability of the quantum microstructure of space-time to readjust itself and to absorb bulk vacuum energy densities; the observed dark energy is provided by residual quantum fluctuations about zero that simulate a "small" cosmological constant [1, 2]. Here, we discuss this scenario using the condensedmatter approach. In the condensed-matter example of "quantum gravity," the "trans-Planckian" physics is well-known, while gravity naturally emerges in the low-energy corner together with gauge fields and chiral fermions (see [3]). This working model of "quantum gravity" provides us with some criteria for a selection of theories: those theories of a quantum vacuum are favorable which are consistent with its condensed-matter analog. Here, we apply this test to the theory of the fluctuating cosmological constant. We show that this idea is consistent with the condensed-matter "oracle," but that the amplitude of the fluctuations is in contradiction. The first assumption made in [1, 2], namely, that the average value of Λ is zero (〈Λ〉 = 0) is certainly consistent with the condensed-matter "quantum gravity," where the same cosmological-constant problem arises and is resolved. As in our quantum vacuum, a naive estimation of the energy density of the condensed matter in its ground state gives the following "natural" characteristic value for the induced cosmological constant:


"Aquaponics" is the combination of aquaculture, the growth of fish, and hydroponics, the growth of crops in a soilless medium. In aquaponics, the autotrophic bacteria Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are required for the transformation of ammonium generated by the fish into nitrates that can be used by plants as a source of nitrogen for growth (Tyson, 2004). The fish provide this nitrogen and other important nutrients required for plant growth, while the plants filter the water and provide clean water for the fish.


Based on plant cover, history of wastewater irrigation, landscape status and other ge- ographic entities, the sample sites were classified into farmland of wastewater irrigation, common farmland, wild land, oil field and city greenbelt. The uniform gridding scatter sampling method was adopted to collect 188 surface soil samples, which were exacted from varions matrixes, foil-wed by some clean up procedures and then analyzed by GL/MS. Using the PAH data collected from surface soils of Tianjin, according to the factor analysis and scatter point surface tension spline function interpolation, some types and spatial distributions of pollution sources of PAHs of soil in Tianjin area were investigated and discussed in this paper. The result showed that most types of pollution source are mixed sources, including coal combustion and oil spill in surface soils of different types of soil utilization in Tianjin area. Mixed sources occupy 61.26%, 69.35%, 52.86% and 64.45% in farmland of wastewater irrigation, common farmland, wild land, and city greenbelt, respectively, and the spatial distributions of pollution sources are closely related with their geographic locations, geographic conditions and living habits of indigenes.


In the article is noted that the efficiency of marketing activity depends on distribution system that is used by an enterprise. Herewith adaptive development is provided both at the rate of marketing channels management and at presence logistic schemes. In the article the mechanism of the adaptive development ensuring, in which central place is occupied by the management of product-distribution marketing, is examined. Adaptable potential of the industrial enterprise, in authors opinion, is the key success factor in the ensuring of the distribution channel development. The formed by author mechanism allows to go from reactive management marketing to warning, hereunder, giving an opportunity for managers to act upon events in internal environment rather then simply respond to them.


Satellite thermal IR anomaly is a important physical precursor for prediction of earthquake. In this paper, two earthquake examples are firstly given for analyzing the satellite thermal IR anomaly variation features. Then the thermal IR anomaly mechanism is researched based on the loaded rock IR monitoring experiments. Finally, the author proposes a mechanism of the thermal IR anomaly.


During the past two years there have appeared numerous articles 1 dealing with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other chronic degenerative diseases of the central nervous system with vitamin E in crude or purified form. These studies have been instigated by the currently accepted view that chronic vitamin E deficiency in rats brings about neurologic lesions more or less comparable to those found in human diseases. Since this is contrary to experience in this laboratory, we have undertaken anew a study of the question. REVIEW OF LITERATURE The first reference to possible alteration of neuromuscular function in cases of vitamin E deprivation is to be found in the paper of Evans and Burr, 2 in which is described paralysis of suckling rats born of vitamin E—deficient mothers. No study was made at that time of the underlying pathologic process. Material from such rats, however, was available to Lipschutz,


Effect of BaSnO 3 (BSO) nanoparticle inclusion on the critical current density of GdBa 2Cu 3O7-x (GdBCO) thin films was investigated. BSO nanoparticles were prepared on a thin GdBCO seed layer of < 50 nm thick by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The GdBCO superconducting layers were deposited on top of the BSO nanoparticles to produce films with the entire thickness of approximately 250 nm. The number of laser pulses was varied from 20 to 320 in order to obtain BSO nanoparticles with different sizes and densities. Magnetization data measured at 65 K showed that: at a small number of laser pulses, the slight enhancement in critical current density (J c) up to 1.5 T was obtained. Further increasing the number of laser pulses, J cs were found to be consistently decreased. The increase in J c was attributed to the addition of BSO nanoparticles serving as artificial pinning centers (APCs) inside GdBCO films. The decreases in J c was probably caused by to the crystallinity degradation of the BSO-doped GdBCO films which was confirmed by the larger FHWM values.


The establishment of the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) in 1992 marked the emergence of a new approach to the regulation of industrial pollution in Canada. In contradistinction to the traditional permit-based model of regulation, the NPRI sets no mandatory discharge limits, instead requiring facilities to track their releases of pollutants and report them to a publically-accessible national database. Through its grounding of regulation in the interplay of social actors interacting across the public/private divide, the NPRI exemplifies a new governance technique of environmental regulation, a characterization I examine through a series of analytical lenses. The mining industry offers an informative narrative, and I contend that the relationship between mining activity and the NPRI illustrates well the risks of failing to attend to the extant distribution of power within the social dynamic that informational regulatory mechanisms seek to harness. I end by offering some recommendations for how the NPRI might be improved in light of these considerations.


Wireless system designers are facing a number of challenges. These include the limited availability of the radio frequency spectrum, and a complex space–time varying wireless environment. In addition, there is an increasing demand for higher data rates, better quality of service, and higher network capacity. In recent years, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems have emerged as a most promising technology in these measures. MIMO communication systems can be defined intuitively [GSS + 03, PNG03] by considering that multiple antennas are used at the transmitting end as well as at the receiving end. The core idea behind MIMO is that signals sampled in the spatial domain at both ends are combined is such a way that they either create effective multiple parallel spatial data pipes (therefore increasing the data rate), and/or add diversity to improve the quality (bit-error rate or BER) of the communication. Clearly, the benefits from multiple antennas arise from the use of a new dimension – space. Hence, because the spatial dimension comes as a complement to time (the natural dimension of digital communication data), MIMO technology is also known as 'space– time' wireless or 'smart' antennas. Until the 1990s, the use of antenna arrays at one end of the link was mainly oriented to the estimation of directions of arrival as well as diversity, leading to beamforming and spatial diversity. Beamforming is a powerful technique which increases the link signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio through focusing the energy into desired directions. The concept of spatial diversity is that, in the presence of random fading caused by multipath propagation, the SNR ratio is significantly improved by combining the output of decorrelated antenna elements. The early 1990s witnessed new proposals for using antennas to increase the capacity of wireless links, creating enormous opportunities beyond just diversity. It turned out that diversity was only a first step to mitigate multipath propagation. With the emergence of MIMO systems, multipaths were effectively converted into a benefit for the communication system. MIMO indeed takes advantage of random fading, and possibly delay spread, to multiply transfer rates. In 1994, 1 OESTGES CH001.tex 9/12/2006 18: 37 Page 2 2 MIMO wireless communications: from real-world propagation to space–time code design Paulraj and Kailath introduced a technique for increasing the capacity of a wireless link using multiple antennas at both ends. The prospect of dramatic improvements in wireless communication performance at no cost of extra spectrum was further illustrated in …


"Coherent" methods of accelerating particles to large energies are described, including acceleration by means of moving media, shock waves, and electromagnetic waves.


Single crystals of [LCr(III) (OH)3Cr(III)L](ClO4)3 (L=1,4,7‐trimethyl‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane) and [(NH3)5Cr(III)OHCr(III)(NH3)5]Cl5⋅H2O were studied by low‐temperature luminescence spectroscopy under hydrostatic pressure up to 42 kbar. Dramatic shifts of the sharp luminescence lines up to 300 cm−1 were observed. The ground state exchange parameters ‖J‖ were found to increase linearly with pressure by d‖J‖/dP=0.7 and 0.15 cm−1/kbar, respectively. Using the shift of the 4A2→4T2 absorption bands as a function of the applied pressure the local compressibilities were estimated. The increase of ‖J‖ with decreasing interatomic distances was rationalized by extended Huckel calculations.


This paper describes a perforating gun detonation monitoring system developed to meet the need for real-time monitoring of perforation effect in the petroleum industry. A high-sensitivity acceleration sensor, serving as the response module of the physical characteristics of the tubing vibration, acquires a set of vibration signals of the whole physical process during the impact after the detonation of the shaped charge. The jump point in the monitoring process is extracted by comparing the signal's short-time energy. The amplitude, energy, and envelope characteristics of the signal are then evaluated. From the time-frequency characteristics of the tubing vibration upon the detonation of the perforating gun, a judgment is made as to whether the perforating gun has detonated. Tubing vibration experiments were conducted involving different perforating guns. The results suggested that the proposed monitoring method is able to monitor perforating guns of different shaped charges with a perforating depth between 500m-3500m and in oil wells with an inclination of 0° – 90°. As a means of vibration detection, this method also works well in other types of vibration monitoring.


The reaction of various α-nitrocycloalkanones 1 with aqueous 0.05 M NaOH, at 80 °C, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTACl) as a cationic surfactant, produces ω-nitro acids 2 in good yields. Reduction of the latter with HCOONH4/Pd-C, in methanol, at 80 °C affords ω-amino acids 3. The synthesis of methyl 9-oxodecanoate (8) is also reported.


Since the early 1970s, interest in children's attention to and comprehension of advertising messages on television has been focused both by mass communication researchers and public policy makers. Work has specifically considered children's understanding of the persuasive intent of commercials and their ability to employ cognitive defenses to assess or resist commercial appeals. This paper reviews the evidence of children's understanding of the intent of advertising, the persuasive impact of television commercials, children's cognitive defenses to such persuasion and its influence on their requests to purchase products. This review reveals a perpetuated "cognitive bias"; of understanding children's responses to advertising. A new model of persuasion is posited which incorporates the critical role of affect for understanding the influence of television commercials on children.


Genomics is one of the most focused area for studying and helps to understand the nature of disease and it is an area where genetics can be deeply studied and research conclusion can be obtained. Genomics is different from genetics as genetics is the composition of only single gene but on the opposite side the genomics contains all gens and also keep track of their collectively growth during the development process of an organism. Here the datasets of DNA on the organism is called Genomic data. This datasets are further used in bioinformatics for doing experiments on collect and process for research. For this purpose a very large storage space and specifically-built computer program is required to analyze. Genomic is also different from the proteomics because in proteomics only focuses on the proteins present in the cell. The Genomics research involves many scientific factors, which leads to identify many diseases symptoms such as heart related disease, diabetic, cancer etc. Here in this approach genomics is useful because somewhere and somehow the genetic and the external factors are causing such diseases. The purpose of deep learning with genomics is to identify the disease and learning the development structure of disease. Such research may help in treating diseases in a better way


The characteristic,equipment and technology of preparing zinc powder using air-proof submerged arc furnace are discussed,on the other hand,the plant practice is also introduced.


This paper presented an attempt at modeling the process through nonlinear regression and artificial neural networks (ANN). The peak current, pulse width, pulse interval, lifting time and machining time were selected as the input parameters, while the material removal rate and the surface roughness were the output parameters. Verification experiments were carried out to check the validity of the developed models. It is concluded that both models provide accurate results for process, and the ANN model fits the experiments result better.


The deformation of two contacting plates irradiated by laser can influence heat transfer by contact obviously. The effect of atmospheric pressure on heat transfer by contact are analyzed by some experiments and numerical simulations. It is shown that: the effect of pressure on heat transfer by contact is prominent, when atmospheric pressure is up to some degree, the interface of two plates always contact each other closely, and the rear temperature raise curve is protruding toward up; when atmospheric pressure is in some scope, the interface of two plates contact ever and again, and the rear temperature raise curve is analogous to linearity; when atmospheric pressure is under some degree, the rear temperature would transit up at some time. Three kinds of temperature curve would be observed with proper designs.


Objective: To investigate the effect of Huangqi shuizhi Preparation on expression of TGF-β1 of renal tissue in STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy rats,and further explore the mechanism of action of Huangqi shuizhi Preparation on the renal protection in STZ-induced Diabetic Nephropathy Rats.Methods: Fed with high fat diet and STZ produced by intraperitoneal injection in rats with diabetic nephropathy.Rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group,model control group,Chinese medicine group(Huangqi shuizhi Preparation group),Leigongtengpian Duo DAI pian group,western medicine group(Lotensin group)and Chinese and Western medicine group(Huangqi shuizhi Preparation and Lotensin group).Rats were determined after treatment fasting blood glucose.Leave all rats's urine before the end of the experiment.And the 24 h urinary protein was determined.The expression of TGF-β1 of renal tissue in STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy rats was measured with immunohistochemical method.Results: After treatment for two months with renal sugar granule,the general situation in rats compared with the model rats were improved better;and the weight also gain significantly.Fasting blood glucose,24h urinary protein in the treatment groups were significantly lower than the model group;and TGF-β1 of Renal Tissue in the model rats showed high expression,respectively significantly higher than every treatment groups.Conclusion: The possible mechanism of the renal protective effect of Leigongtengpian Duo DAI pian on STZ-induced Diabetic Nephropathy Rats is the inhibited expression of TGF-β1 in renal tissue in rats.


A model checking technique proves that a given system satisfies given specifications by searching exhaustively a finite transition system which represents the system's whole behavior. If the system becomes large, it is impossible to explore the whole states in reasonable time due to both of CPU time used and memory space where the model is stored. This is called the state explosion problem. One of the solutions to avoid the state explosion problem is using a model abstraction technique. In usual, constructing such an abstract model from the original model becomes error-prone. Hence, automatic generation techniques of abstract models are studied. Especially, Counter-Example Guided Abstraction Refinement (CEGAR) is considered as a promising technique because it automatically refines abstract model if the result is spurious, starting from a small abstract model. We have already proposed a concrete CEGAR loop for a timed automaton. This iteration loop refines the model in fine granularity level. It avoids the state explosion, however, the number of loops increases. This paper proposes a revised technique where multiple counter-examples are simultaneously applied in the refinement step of CEGAR. This device reduces the number of iteration loops. Experimental results show the improvement.


Cloud computing is the latest buzz in most of the IT organizations which are witnessing a a trend of migration from traditional computing to cloud computing, thereby reducing their infrastructure cost and improving efficiency and performance. Cloud computing provides services through virtualization layer, which helps to execute more than one operating systems and applications on a single machine. Being a crucial part of cloud computing, virtualization layer faces major security threats, most challenging being an insider threat wherein attacker can either compromise existing virtual machines (VMs) or create rogue VMs. The objective of this work is to propose virtual machine (VM) allocation algorithm which operates in an untrusted cloud computing environment with non-trustworthy VMs. Our approach is based on the notion of trust. Lack of trust is modeled by either introducing faults or monitoring SLAs per host on which VMs are hosted. Detailed experiments considering varying cloud infrastructure and varying workloads are conducted using CloudSim. Results show that proposed algorithm works well in untrusted environment while at the same time is energy efficient and reduces the computational costs by decreasing the number of migrations and SLA violations.


We study the symmetry/asymmetry of functions providing sharp constants in the embedding theorems ${\stackrel{\circ}{W}}\vphantom{W}_2^r(-1,1)\hookrightarrow{\stackrel{\circ}{W}}\vphantom{W}_\infty^k(-1,1)$ for various $r$ and $k$. The sharp constants for all $r>k$ in the cases $k=4$ and $k=6$ are calculated explicitly as well.


OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Shenfu Xiongze Injection on hemodynamics and myocardial collagen remodeling in experimental pressure-overloaded rats. METHODS: Abdominal aorta coarctation model was duplicated in rats. The hemodynamics indexes were measured by introduction of a tube into rats' left ventricles; LVMI were measured. Morphology of cardiac muscle was studied and the cardiac structure was observed by HE staining and light microscopy. Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ were investigated by means of SABC immunohistochemial staining. Photographs of all were taken for comparison. RESULTS: In model groups as compared with the sham-operation group, LVSP, -LVdp/dtmax, and +LVdp/d tmax decreased while SBP, DBP, LVEDP, LVMI increased, muscle fiber thickened, Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ increased significantly (P0.05). In Shenfu Xiongze Injection group compared with the model group, LVSP and ±LVdp/dtmax increased, LVEDP, SBP and DBP decreased, LVMI decreased, Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ decreased significantly, all indexes showing significant differences between the two groups (P0.05 or P0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study suggested that Shenfu Xiongze Injection could improve significantly hemodynamics and myocardial collagen remodeling, prevent and retard myocardial collagen remodeling and improve cardiac function.


: In this paper we consider a boundary value problem for a loaded fractional diffusion equation. The loaded term has the form of the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative or integral. The BVP is considered in the open right upper quadrant. The problem is reduced to an integral equation that, in some cases, belongs to the pseudo-Volterra type, and its solvability depends on the order of differentiation in the loaded term and the behavior of the support line of the load in a neighborhood of the origin. All these cases are considered. In particular, we establish sufficient conditions for the unique solvability of the problem. Moreover, we give an example showing that violation of these conditions can lead to nonuniqueness of the solution


Make believe is a verb, often used in the imperative, for example when you say "Make believe you're the mummy and I'm the daddy." But when the verb's two verbs are conjugated with a hyphen, make-believe is a noun or an adjective, it is something or it qualifies something—and already to say that makebelieve is this or that is to take us into an intractable paradox out of which we are unlikely to emerge intact. Because make-believe is, by definition, something that isn't. It flies in the face of ontology and even any process of becoming, dialectical or otherwise. Make-believe is not a station, not even a theory, on the way to being. Furthermore, make-believe does not make anything believable—except, perhaps, belief itself, if such a thing exists. Only the incredulous make believe. In other words, seeing is not believing, to translate, after a fashion, Jacques Derrida's oft-repeated affirmation that one can only believe the unbelievable: to believe what is believable does not in fact involve belief, in the "strong sense" of the word.1 If I believe it will be sunny later, I might be wrong, and it might well be wishful thinking, but since I know it is possible, it is already a kind of hedged forecast, the adherence to a plausible, probabilistic calculation. This is not at all the same thing as if I believe or make believe that stones speak! or that you're the king and I'm the queen. This definition of belief depends on the establishment of a clear distinction between the believable (it will be sunny, or not, later) and the unbelievable (stones speak!). As with metaphor—or translation— the two domains, which are, in a certain sense, "kingdoms," must be rigorously separate. For this reason, by the way, and insofar as metaphor really is make-believe, "metaphor is make-believe" is not a metaphor. But just as a metaphor, through its very success, precipitates its own collapse or "death" (call it the becoming-literal of the figurative), so belief seems to intervene in its own conditions of possibility, to undermine the


Comparing with the foreign methods of managing city rubbish,we can find that problems more or less exist whether in managing methods or in managing process. To improve this situation we should refer to advanced managing experience from abroad,and take into account the present situation at home as well. And we need further study and improvement in reforming management system,controlling rubbish production,classifying city rubbish,improving managing methods,and strengthening the education in environmental protection,etc.


Every day I have to learn more about shame from the people in old photographs in second-hand stores, and from the people in the photographic studies of damage and grief, where the light assails a window and the figure's back is all we see?or from the very faces we never witness in these pictures, several of whom I passed today in their windows, some hesitant, some completely committed to worthlessness? or even from my own face, handed up suddenly by the car's mirror or a glass door. When I was waiting for a bus, the man beside me showed me a picture of a naked youth with an erection, and the loneliness in his face as he held this photograph was like a light waking me from the dead. I was more ashamed of it than I was of my own a few days later?just tonight, in fact? when solitude visited me on a residential street


AbstrcatZhalong wetland has enormous economic value,and its main ecosystem services are as follows.Regulating and storing flood,purifying water body,protecting bio-diversity,tourist service,regulating the climate,and supplementing the groundwater,etc. In more than past 50 years,under the interaction of human activity and regional climate,ecological characteristics of Zhalong wetland produced the negative changes:water resource is seriously insufficient,water environment becomes abominable,and purifying function of water declines,bio-diversity is reduced,the production capacity is not sustainable,and regulating and storing the flood function is declined. In order to prevent the further degradation of the wetland,on the basis of the wetland degradation reasons,the concrete measures of wetland restoration are put forward.


 I Arzuaga Ánderson Hosp. Clínico-Quirúrgico Provincial Joaquín Albarrán. Avenida 26 y Línea del Ferrocarril. Nuevo Vedado, Plaza de la Revolución, CP 10600. La Habana, Cuba. E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Introduction: The importance of the autopsy is recognized as a quality audit of diagnoses. Objective: To describe the characteristics of mortality with necropsic verification at the Emergency Service of the Hospital Joaquín Albarrán, considering the relationship of diagnostic coincidence of the direct and basic causes of death. Method: A retrospective longitudinal descriptive observational study was conducted during a semester. Autopsies' protocols and clinical histories were reviewed, demographic data were analyzed, as well as clinical diagnoses, of autopsy, and their coincidence. The Microsoft Excel programs and the EPI-Info statistical system were used. Results: In the second semester of 2016, 331 patients died in this hospital, 117 of them at the Emergency Service and 95 (28.7%) underwent clinical autopsy. There was a predominance of males, between 60 and 69 years of age, in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit. The acute myocardial infarction was the most frequent direct cause of death, being the atherosclerotic disease, the basic cause. Conclusions: There exist diagnostic quality problems. There is reaffirmed the importance of the autopsy as a source of information that is transmitted to health statistics and as an audit resource in the primary health care.


The present study investigates the gender systems of 20 languages in the New Guinea region, an often overlooked area in typological research. The languages were classified with five criteria used b ...


In this chapter, the mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related brain potential is introduced. MMN is an automatic response to any sound change generated primarily in auditory and frontal cortices, reflecting auditory change detection and discrimination accuracy. Analogous responses have also been found in other sensory modalities. MMN can, for example, index improvement of sound discrimination as a function of learning or recovery. Consistent with this, MMN appears to index general brain plasticity, essential for learning and memory, and to reflect different cognitive brain disorders. It is elicited irrespective of the direction of attention, being, therefore, a feasible tool for investigating even inattentive participants, such as sleeping infants or comatose patients.


Surface heating of streets and pedestrian precincts has been practised in Sweden for about 10 years. Heating by means of embedded plastic pipes with circulating warm water is the method generally practised. The heating coils are installed about 100mm under the surface. The surface temperature must not be lower than 0 degrees C and a certain temperature above this is necessary for melting of the snow. The heating systems are connected to the return pipes of a local heating plant. The water temperature in these return pipes is 45 degrees C to 70 degrees C, which is quite sufficient for the surface heating. The temperature regulation and control are automatically maintained by a system of thermostats, cooler-heaters, pumps and valves. A temperature regulation system is exemplified in the article and the problems associated with it are discussed. A discussion on the advantages of ground surface heating in general and a brief cost analysis are also included.


Since their discovery by Meyer et al. in 1975,1 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) in the smectic C phase have been the focus of a considerable research effort. It is now well established thay any tilted smectic liquid crystalline phase composed of chiral molecules should possess a permanent electric polarization P which is oriented perpendicular to the molecular director n and parallel to the smectic layer plane (See Figure 5.1). The presence of permanent dipoles fundamentally alters the nature of the interactions between the molecules themselves and with any cell walls or applied electric fields. This is evidenced by the existence of a whole family of director orientational structures which result in the distinctive textures peculiar to ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs)2


Successive Approximation Register (SAR) converters based on charge redistribution are often present in embedded mixed-signal systems. Previous works have shown that this topology is prone to errors on the conversion, caused by Single Event Transients (SET), when exposed to ionizing radiation. Such errors can propagate to the subsequent steps of conversion, leading to multiple bit errors on the converted data. In this work, the effects of SETs on the analog switches and on the digital control logic of a charge redistribution SAR A/D converter are analyzed. A fault injection framework was developed in a way that faults are randomly injected, by means of spice simulations, considering a 130nm CMOS technology. This way, the behavior of the converter under single event effects can be predicted, and the most vulnerable circuit nodes can be identified.


This paper studies a method to reduce dimension of parameters in DC/DC converters. The method is based on a bi-objective optimization problem characterized by approximated Pareto front. The first objective evaluates stability of the circuit operation and the second objective evaluates extracting input power. In order to evaluate the approximated Pareto front, we present a modified hypervolume indicator. Applying the method to a piecewise linear model of a boost converter, the dimensionality reduction is realized effectively.


Free-living Columbidae are considered the second largest reservoir of Chlamydia psittaci, transmitting the agent to humans and other animals. The present study aimed to identify the presence of Chlamydia spp. in samples of lung and stool collected from free-living domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) captured at the Mangal das Garças Naturalistic Park in Belém, Pará, Brazil, using semi-nested polymerase chain reaction, and also correlate the clinical and post-mortem findings of animals positive for Chlamydia spp. Among the 45 animals analyzed, 10 (22.2%) were positive for Chlamydia spp.; the positive findings originated from 5 (50%) lung samples and 5 (50%) stool samples, with no overlap between animals and samples. None of the animals evaluated in this study showed clinical signs of chlamydiosis; rather, these were only found during necropsy of positive animals, mainly through pulmonary, hepatic, splenic, and intestinal changes. These findings demonstrate that free-living pigeons can be reservoirs of Chlamydia spp. and transmit the agent silently to humans and animals, which is concerning for public and animal health, since these birds are easily found in urban areas cohabitating with humans, other species of birds, and other animals.


Forty progenies obtained from 4 combinations of crosses among 3 oriental lily cultivars 'Sorbonne','Tiber'and'Cobra'were analyzed with the screened 5 pairs of ISSR primers.The genetic relationships constructed with UPGMA method of NTSY Spc software quite shows their linage relationship.And the primers numbered with P23 and P21 possess relatively high resolution in the present research.


A class of decoders is described which translates an input of N bits to a unique output signal on one of 2N output line s. This operation is equivalent to that performed by diode decoding matrices except that the output may be a current pulse of several hundred ma (milliamperes) rather than a logical level. The logic on which these decoders are based is described and implementations of it which use only magnetic cores, wires, resistors, and standard semiconductor circuit elements are analyzed. These implementations require as few as N+1 cores, N+1 related drivers, and a single current source. Decoding is accomplished by current steering. Consideration is also given to the use of these matrices for error detection and correction in redundant codes.


Sometimes we speak of behaviours and actions as reactions, just as we speak of physical conditions and mental states as reactions. But what do we mean when we say that emotions are reactions? I answer this question by developing an account of emotions as psychological reactions to presentations or representations of states of affairs. I show that this account may provide a novel conceptual framework for explaining aspects of the intentionality, phenomenology and behavioural manifestation of emotions. I conclude by showing that this account is compatible with the view that emotions can be assessed on grounds of justification and correctness.


The emergence of digital entrepreneurial ecosystems (DEE) has brought broad economic and social consequences, such as creating jobs, attracting investment capital, and revitalizing digital economy. Thus, many countries nowadays hope to establish DEE to gain a competitive edge in the global business world. However, research on DEE has lagged behind practice and little is known about its underlying orchestration processes. In this study, we apply extant literature on DEE, self-organization, and resource orchestration to analyze the case of Zhongguancun DEE in China. By interviewing 52 participants in Zhongguancun DEE, three orchestration processes (i.e. opportunity appropriability, resource sharing, and ecosystem stability) that are pivotal to the prosperity of self-organizing DEE are proposed. To our knowledge, our research is one of first studies revealing effective orchestration strategies within DEE. Apart from academic significance, our findings could provide insightful references for entrepreneurial and political practitioners as well.


Purpose. Development of a methodology for determining the level of actual losses and dilution of ore based on the identified patterns of the influence of occurring ore body elements and the stope parameters when mining thin slope deposits using a system for delivering ore by the blasting force. Methods. The task set is solved using an integrated approach, including the analysis of literary sources and the existing practical experience on the issues of losses and dilution, conducting experimental-industrial experiments in the conditions of the Akbakai deposit to assess the recommended method effectiveness for determining the values of excess losses and dilution of ore, geomechanical assessment of the mass using the methods of limit equilibrium, numerical and probabilistic analyses. Findings. A methodology for determining losses and dilution when mining thin slope deposits using a system for delivering ore by the blasting force is proposed, which makes it possible to predict excess losses and dilution coefficients arising from stope roof caving and incomplete ore delivery. The actual losses and dilution of ores in the Akbakai deposit have been determined based on the proposed methodology and instrumental surveys. The developed methodology for determining the values of excess losses and dilution makes it possible to take preliminary measures to prevent the stope roof caving with the complete ore mass delivery using the blasting force. Originality. New dependences have been revealed for the conditions of the Akbakai deposit: logarithmic – the value of dilution depending on the angle of the ore body occurrence; polynomial – the stope maximum span depending on the ore body dip angle; exponential – ore losses depending on the angle of the ore body occurrence. Practical implications. The practical significance, confirmed in the course of pilot-experimental work, is in minimizing the percentage of loss and dilution of the useful component when mining thin slope ore deposits using a sublevel blast-hole stoping system with an open stope space, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of the produced mineral.


This article outlines the history and construction of the Royal Albert Bridge across the Tamar River at Saltash, Cornwall, UK designed by Brunel and opened in 1859. The bridge is to be strengthened, restored and repainted over the next three years by Network Rail at a cost of nearly £10M. It has been a listed Grade 1 structure since 1952 and still carries around 30 trains a day. Over the 150 year life of the bridge various repair and strengthening works have been carried out. In the 1930s additional bracing was added above the track and in the 1970s new lower diagonal bracing was added between the chain and the main girder. With the advent of computer-based analysis programs one particular area of concern is the connection at the top of the main hangers where they are riveted to the tube. The proposed strengthening work designed by AECOM will address this by reinforcing the connection as well as strengthening the adjacent upper diagonal bracing members. These works, as well as reinforcing other connections susceptible to fatigue, will also enable the lower diagonal bracing to be removed. Tension control bolts will be used to connect new materials to the bridge as they are similar to the rivets used originally. The two main spans will also be painted, after removing the numerous coats of paint that have been applied over the years and applying a long lasting glass flake epoxy paint system.


Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have a relatively higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to non-diabetic individuals due to other microvascular complications. A prediction model is necessary to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease development and the economic burden due to the treatment costs. This study has developed a cardiovascular disease risk prediction model with participants recruited from Endocrine and Cardiology Clinic in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM). After ranking the 24 features using ANDVA, several classifiers were trained with 80:20 data split and to-fold cross validation using the organized data. A neural networks model with 97.5% accuracy, 97.22% F1 score, and AUC of 0.9979 was selected. A graphical user interface was also developed to provide a user-friendly platform to run the prediction model. The prediction model developed in this study has a high accuracy and precision even though it is trained with a relatively small data size. Prediction models using machine learning should be introduced to the medical settings to assist in the development of cardiovascular complications among diabetes patients.


A binding protein immunoglobulin capable of binding to regions of an immunoglobulin molecule other than the complementarity determining regions (CDR), wherein said protein comprises two or more repeating units as defined by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2, wherein the amino acid residue at position 23 in each unit is a threonine.


This paper proposes a new algorithm for coloring a monochrome image. Recently, a few effective colorization algorithms have been proposed. Those algorithms can colorize monochrome images by given some color hint, and they work well as an intuitive impression. However, a realistic colorization was difficult by those algorithms, because they have not used any physical model. This paper focuses on the dichromatic reflection model and tries to colorize monochrome images by considering diffuse-only reflection components. We demonstrate that high quality colorizations of still images may be obtained from a small number of color seeds given by a user.


Pentamer cluster of azodicarbonamide (ADA) based on the crystalline structure was investigated for the equilibrium structure, the stabilization energies, and the vibrational properties at various levels of the density functional theory. Stretching force constants of N…H or O…H, and angle-bending force constants of N-H…N or N-H…O for intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the pentamer cluster were obtained in 0.2-0.5 mdyn/A and 1.6-2.0 mdynA, respectively. The geometry of central ADA molecule fully hydrogen bonded with other four molecules shows good coincidence to the crystalline structure except the bond distances of N-H. Calculated Raman and infrared spectra of central ADA molecule in cluster represent well the experimental spectra of ADA obtained in the solid state compared to a single molecule. Detailed structural and vibrational properties of central ADA molecule in the pentamer cluster are presented.