The article analyzes the role of K. Sheptytsky in solving the religious and church problems of Eastern Galicia during the period of confessional-religious transformations (1944–1946). It has been proved that a significant place in the studied period was played by the orientation of Archimandrite Clementy on the consolidation of the clergy and the realization of the national aspirations of Ukrainian people, which became crucial in preserving the church and religious complex of the UGCC during its destruction in the second half of the 40 years of the twentieth century. The analysis of documents clearly indicated that K. Sheptytsky was a great opponent of the criminal act of "reunification" and demonstrated his commitment to the national idea and the church that was subordinate to the Apostolic First Baptist, which gave the Ukrainian nation guarantees of democratic freedoms and European values.


The inverse method applied successfully to several basic structures was extended to estimation of impact stress intensity for point bend specimens. The response functions of the specimens were estimated by deconvolving the specimen response measured near the crack tip with t,he measured irnpact force. Two methods for deconvelution were used, e.g., a simple statistical method and a CG-FFT iteratien methed. The il]-posed nature of the deconvolution was removed successfully by the CG.FFT methed and then the excellent estirnation was obtained.


This document is the technical proceedings of a regional workshop held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 27-30 September 1999. The workshop largely focused on understanding the impacts of aquatic animal health risks associated with rural, small-scale aquaculture and enhanced fisheries and evaluating their impacts on rural livelihoods. The workshop also attempted to derive appropriate management interventions to reduce those risks. The workshop was a unique event bringing together experienced aquatic animal health specialists, aquaculturists, sociologists, economists, extension specialists and rural development practitioners in the Asian region. Although quantitatively estimating the overall impacts of disease on rural livelihoods was difficult due to lack of adequate socio-economic information, the consensus among the workshop participants was that aquatic animal health problems are a risk to the livelihoods of people involved in small-scale aquaculture and enhanced fisheries in Asia.


This work has as main objective to measure the degree of technology used in the management of the field, through a quantitative sampling on management of processes in the agribusiness, with the application of information technologies and softwares based on ERP, focusing on the macro-region southeast of Mato Thick. The survey was conducted via email and telephone, with 15.19% of producers in the universe surveyed and has a 95% reliability level. An overview of ERP software is presented, as well as some technologies most used in the field, exemplifying their use and a brief history of how they emerged and how their users benefit today. Through the research it was possible to determine which are the most used software, which are the internal sectors controlled by ERPs, in addition to the degree of connectivity that the investigated real properties have. With the data obtained, it was also possible to know how producers who have not yet adhered to the use of ERPs manage their properties and why they have not yet chosen to migrate to more efficient management systems.


A set of methodologies for landscape classification and cartography of sandy and desertified land in arid and semi arid areas are suggested. Firstly, the basic pattern elements of landscape are determined and landscape elements classified according to the combination of basic pattern elements. Secondly, the classification of landscape elements is made through field investigation and interpretation of remotely sensed imagery. Finally, with the help of GIS landscape map was completed. This method was applied to the landscape classification and cartography of the Mu Us sandy land using 1∶ 200 000 TM images with results indication universal applicalility to transitional zone farming and grazing areas of north China.


The postal automation is required since the amount of mails to be delivered is great and increases rapidly. In this paper, we propose a method to extract the 6 ZIP code digits from the image of Korean regular letter envelope. The method first identifies the ZIP code area by searching for the 12 corners of 6 boxes enclosing the digits. Then we extract 6 digit images by eliminating the boxes. The experiment was performed with lots of actual letter envelope images and shows the effectiveness of method.


For those committed to furthering research or improving patient care, these awards provide an opportunity to achieve national recognition as well as the financial support for career progression. Awards include: ▸ A £1000 prize for the best essay on gastroenterology or hepatology research personally undertaken by medical students who were on an intercalated BSc/MRes/ MBPhD/MSc/MPH course during the previous academic year (2015/2016). ▸ Four £1500 prizes for medical students taking full-time science degrees (BSc/MRes/MBPhD/MSc/MPH) focusing on gastrointestinal or liver-related disease in the current academic year (2016/2017). ▸ Two £2500 awards for F1/F2 doctors to facilitate prospective research in an area relevant to gastroenterology or hepatology. ▸ A £1000 award for primary and secondary care gastrointestinal/liver nurses for initiatives that have advanced patient care. The deadline for application is 17:00 on 3 March 2017. For further information and an application form please visit http://corecharity.org.uk/research/researchawards-information/the-core-dr-falk-awards/


Sib,?Why would it not do in the development of immunity from snake-bite, instead of pursuing the method of Professor Fraser of Edinburgh, to use the blood serum of the snake that has inflicted the woun 1. Certainly, if there is an antidote against the viper-poison, that antidote must be the blood of that snake. We should thus, in every case, have the remedy ready-made at hand, instead of going through Dr. Fraser's complicated, process of producing an artificial immunity in the lower animals. This theory is the one which I have actually put into practice for a num-


Modern heating technology systems are requiring more and more flexibility and independence from individual suppliers. This need is met when the individual modules are interlinked to form a single system via a suitable network. The new eBUS (= energy bus) network protocol was designed specifically for this application and is now in successful use in extremely diverse heating configurations in several companies. The independent user club eBUS, which a large number of enterprises have already joined, was founded in order to guarantee impartial further development and updating of the protocol. The club sees its essential function of updating and refining the eBUS protocol. In addition, professional support in the form of training, conferences, certification, hot-lines, and development and test tools, are to be provided in the near future.


Abstract Background Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are debilitating neuropsychiatric illnesses collectively affecting 2% of the world's population, and which cause tremendous human suffering that impacts patients, their families and their communities. Recognizing the major impact of these disorders on the psychosocial function of more than 200,000 US Veterans, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) recently genotyping of nearly 9,000 veterans with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder in Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) #572: "Genetics of Functional Disability in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Illness", all of whom were extensively assessed for neurocognitive function and disability, and genotyped using a custom Affymetrix Axiom Biobank array. Methods Primary genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were performed across and within ancestry goups, with attempted replication in matched subjects from the PGC and Genomic Psychiatry Cohort (GPC). We combined results for CSP#572 with available summary statistics from the PGC, Indonesia Schizophrenia Consortium and Genetic REsearch on schizophreniA neTwork-China and Netherland (GREAT-CN) study, and multi-ethnic GPC cohorts, achieving among the largest and most diverse studies of these disorders to date. Results Polygenic risk scores based on published PGC summary statistics for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder were significantly associated with case status among EA (P<10–30) and AA (P<0.0005) participants in CSP#572. Our primary analyses of schizophrenia yielded a single genome-wide significant association with variants in CHD7 at 8q12.2 for European-American (EA) participants, which remained significant in a joint analysis of EA and African-American (AA) subjects (P=4.62e-08). While no genome-wide significant associations were detected by our within-ancestry analyses of bipolar disorder, a cross-ancestry meta-analysis of CSP#572 participants yielded a significant finding at 10q25 with variants in SORCS3 (P=2.62e-08). Among loci attaining P<0.0001 in our within-ancestry analyses, 4 and 8 subsequently achieved genome-wide significance, respectively, when jointly analyzed with matched subjects from the PGC and GPC. Combining our results with published summary statistics, we performed a cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of 69,280 schizophrenia cases and 138,379 controls, identifying 200 genome-wide significant loci of which 76 are newly reported here. Cross-ancestry analysis of 28,326 bipolar cases and 90,570 controls identified 24 genome-wide significant loci, including novel associations with common variants in PAX5, DOCK2, MACROD2, BRE, KCNG1, and LINC01378. Discussion We newly describe genome-wide analyses in a diverse cohort of US Veterans with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, benchmarking the predictive value of polygenic risk scores based on published GWAS findings. Leveraging available summary statistics from studies of global populations, we add to burgeoning lists of genomic loci implicated in the etiologies of these disorders.


Objective To analyze retrospectively results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and demographic information in ?patients with known or suspected Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor family of tumors referred to the National Cancer Institute and to describe factors influencing the determination of molecular marker status. Patients and Methods Tumor samples from 76 patients from February 1997 to December 1999 were analyzed. In all cases, the diagnosis of this family of tumors was confirmed by histopathologic review. Results In 58 patients, the presence of a translocation associated with this family of tumors was confirmed using RT-PCR. Specifically, there were 45 Ewing sarcoma (EWS)-FLI type 1 translocations, four EWS–FLI type 2 translocations, five EWS–ERG translocations, and four less common EWS–FLI variants. Of patients with a confirmed translocation, four were confirmed only after nested RT-PCR techniques were used. In five patients who initially underwent needle biopsy, the diagnosis was confirmed only after open biopsy or repeat needle biopsy was undertaken.Samples from 18 patients were translocation-negative. Of these, seven samples were deemed inadequate for RT-PCR testing as a result of inappropriate tissue handling or the presence of necrotic material. Five patients were found to have a different diagnosis after complete histopathologic and molecular characterization. Six samples remained, in which adequate tissue was obtained with no evidence of a characteristic translocation. Conclusions In apparently translocation-negative samples, close attention should be given to the possibility of an alternative diagnosis, the potential need for nested RT-PCR, and the possibility of an inadequate sample. Strong consideration should be given to the use of open biopsy as opposed to needle biopsy to avoid the need for repeat biopsies and the potential for inaccurate assessment of molecular marker status.


AZO thin films (around 200 nm thick) were grown on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) at room temperature. The plasma was activated using a 13.56 MHz (RF) or a 15 kHz pulsed (PMS) source at a power of 60 W. Optical reflection and transmittance were measured using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer over the wavelengths from 190 nm to 2500 nm. All samples show average transmittances greater than 83% in the visible region. The electrical resistivity was measured by the linear four-point probe method to be around 0.001 Ωcm for 200 nm-thick AZO films grown by PMS. XRD results indicated that the films had a hexagonal wurtzite structure and were preferentially oriented in the (002) plane. The surface morphology of the AZO thin films was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); film chemical composition was studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). For this, an EDS coupled to the Scanning Electron Microscope was used. Only for films grown by PMS were no cracks observed.


Abstract:After a long period of engagement, the CCP's sharp power has been increasingly challenged throughout the world, in part as a response to Secretary General Xi Jinping's more aggressive approach. The openness of democratic societies that had often been a weakness exploited by the CCP has in this process proven a strength, providing resilience when fully utilized for research and outreach. As a result, the CCP's sharp power seems to be generally on the retreat in open societies, focusing instead on countries and regions characterized by less openness and more opportunities for manipulation and corruption.


Building on the planetary boundaries (PB) concept and recent studies on assessing the PB at the national level, this paper proposes a new method for addressing the growing need to conceptualize the national environmental limits in the global perspective. The global and national limits for the climate change PB are set using the GDP-adjusted model that represents an innovative and fairer CO2 emissions distribution mechanism. It elaborates on the equity principle and distributes the remaining global emission budget to countries on the basis of their past, current, and future population; past emissions; and current state of economic development. The results point to insufficient global efforts to reduce the CO2 emissions to avoid a global temperature rise of more than 2 °C by 2100. When examining the data in accordance with this climate change scenario, we see that some countries have already spent their CO2 budget and most high-income countries will spend their remaining budget by the end of the decade. This is also the case for the Czech Republic, which exceeded the limit for the period from 2017 onwards in 2018. While the result clearly points to the urgency of the decarbonization process, it also shows that some high-income countries, including the Czech Republic, are currently emitting at the expense of other countries. On the policy level, the findings could contribute to the re-evaluation of the GHG reduction plans as well as setting more appropriate and fairer national targets.


Non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) mitigation measures implemented to mitigate COVID‐19 has brought unprecedented global impact. Changes in daily living routines, reduction in physical activities, and changes in environmental indicators were suggested to positively impact paediatric asthma indicators in western cultures. Little is known about such impact in developing countries. This study investigated the potential impact of COVID‐19 NPI measures on paediatric asthma exacerbation admissions in Northern Jordan.


Based on a partial discharge(PD) test system, aging life models of polyimide film(PI) under different frequency and temperature was constructed, and the effects of frequency and temperature on the damage mechanism of the PI were studied. The results show that the corona aging life of the PI and the voltage frequency show a non-linear attenuation relationship under different temperature. With the increase of frequency, residual charge is hard to diffuse and partial discharge number increases in unit time, and the insulation life shortens. With the increase of temperature, discharge phenomena will experience sharp, smooth and sharp again three stages.


A disposal and utilized method of alkali residuals produced by refinery is introduced. The method can be used practically, simply, easily and has lower cost. The pollution problem of alkali residuals was solved and some useful substances were recovered by using this method.


Permanent magnets are essential in many applications of very relevant technological areas
(transport, communications technology, energy) and are present in virtually all smart devices.
However, they are not without controversy and have generated in recent years serious economic
and political problems, as well as having important repercussions on the environment. In 2012
the global alarm was raised due to the monopoly derived from the strategic geographical situation
of the so-called rare earths, fundamental constituent elements of these materials. Advances
in nanoscience and nanotechnology are key in the search for alternatives to permanent magnets
based on rare earths. In this sense, and in a general way, this thesis work combines fundamental
studies in nanomagnetism with energetically efficient technological processes in order to be
able to develop permanent magnets free of competitive rare earth of last generation, as well as
to implement new technological applications. To this end, the objectives set out in the present
study have included:
1) The study of rare earth-free magnetic systems exploiting anisotropy, shape and microstructure
in both model systems (epitaxial layers and manganese nanowires) and in isotropic
ferrite powders.
2) The search for general relations to improve / enhance the magnetic properties of rare earthfree
materials based on nanostructured ferrites by effective, reproducible and scalable methods.
3) Understanding and controlling the microstructural effects on the magnetic properties of
treated and refined ferrite isotropic powders.
4) The development of new methodologies to enhance the properties of permanent magnets
based on isotropic ferrite powder, and the prototyping of new applications making use of
the permanent magnets free of developed rare earths.
From the scientific point of view, it is necessary to highlight the microscopic determination of
the magnetization reversal processes in model systems as well as the experimental demonstration
of the generic effects induced by engineered microstructure (tensions and grain size) on
the magnetic properties in processed isotropic powders. From the technological point of view,
to review the development of an efficient, reproducible and scalable methodology to produce
isotropic powder with improved magnetic properties (coercivity and / or (BH)max product) as
well as the design and prototyping of new technological applications..


The line characterization method for a moving surface, preferably a galvannealed sheet, essentially comprises an industrial microscope associated with a stroboscopic laser illumination, a positioning assembly, a set of acquisition and processing of images. The fields of vision obtained vary between 125 and 2000 microns wide umde, the spatial resolution is at moins0.5 um and the focus of the system is accurate micrometer. Images are taken on a product moving at a speed between 1 m / s and 20m / s and are frozen by the use of a strobe lighting duration of at least 10 ns. The images obtained are processed in several stages. An average level of background is primarily and regularly evaluated to be removed from each current image. Then the processed image is divided into several zones. For each zone, the sharpness is measured and stored. A total sharpness coefficient is also calculated so as to compare results obtained later. On the same image esrealisee binarization operation by the maximum entropy method to detect in the image many objects.


Defects existed on the shaft sealing systems of No.1 and No.2 steam turbines in Pingwei Power Plant,such as:large outward leakages of and steam sealings of high and inter mediate pressure cylinders,high temperature of shaft sealings,large vibration of bearings,too high water contents of main oil tanks,oil tanks of small steam turbines and sealing oil etc.The article analyzes the main canses for the defects existing in the shaft sealing system,briefs the redesign and retrofit situation of shaft sealing system in the uprating retrofit of No.2 steam turbinegenerator and also briefs the experiences with the successful handling of defects.


The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating erythema nodosum, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 3-5 parts of radix stephaniae tetrandrae, 2-4 parts of fructus kochiae, 2-5 parts of hippophae rhamnoides, 8-12 parts of lophatherum gracile, 1-1.5 parts of diverse wormwood herb, 5-8 parts of cortex moutan radicis, 4-6 parts of trogopterus dung, 8-10 parts of honeysuckle stem, 4-7 parts of ficus lacor buch-ham, 3-4 parts of cirsium chlorolepis perak ex hand-mazz, 2-4 parts of evergreen mucuna root and leaf, 1-3 parts of herba lysimachiae, 6-8 parts of semen sinapis albae, 9-11 parts of tangerine pith and 2.5-4.5 parts of herba sarcandrae. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has functions of warming a liver and a spleen, expelling wind, removing dampness, regulating qi and blood, clearing and activating channels and collaterals, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, strengthening the body resistance, eliminating evil, regulating an immunologic function and improving skin microcirculation, can treat and prevent the erythema nodosum, is definite in curative effect and has no toxic or side effects.


Upper Triassic, Lower–Middle Jurassic and Upper Jurassic strata in the western Ordos Basin of North China are interpreted as three unconformity‐bounded basin phases, BP‐4, BP‐5 and BP‐6, respectively. The three basin phases were deposited in three kinds of predominantly continental basin: (1) a Late Triassic composite basin with a south‐western foreland subbasin and a north‐western rift subbasin, (2) an Early–Middle Jurassic sag basin and (3) a Late Jurassic foreland molasse wedge. Within the Late Triassic composite basin BP‐4 includes three sequences, S4‐1, S4‐2 and S4‐3. In the south‐western foreland subbasin, the three sequences are the depositional response to three episodes of thrust load subsidence, and are mainly composed of alluvial fan, steep‐sloped lacustrine delta and fluvial systems in front of a thrust fault‐bounded basin flank. In the north‐western rift subbasin, the three sequences are the depositional response to three episodes of rift subsidence, and consist of alluvial fan – braid plain and fan delta systems basinward of a normal fault‐bounded basin margin. In the sag basin BP‐5 includes four sequences, S5‐1, S5‐2, S5‐3 and S5‐4, which reflect four episodes of intracratonic sagging events and mainly consist of fluvial, gentle‐gradient lacustrine delta and lacustrine systems sourced from peripheral uplifted flanks. BP‐6, deposited in the foreland‐type basin, includes one sequence, S6‐1, which is the depositional response to thrust load subsidence and is composed of alluvial fan systems. The formation and development of these three kinds of basins was controlled by Late Triassic and Jurassic multi‐episode tectonism of basin‐bounding orogenic belts, which were mainly driven by collision of the North China and South China blocks and subduction of the western Pacific plate.


The greatest architect of the Ottoman Golden Age of the 16th century, Sinan designed hundreds of buildings under Suleyman the Magnificant and Selim II. This volume pays visual tribute to his buildings, including the greatest of Turkish mosques, the Suleymaniye and the Selimiye, complemented by texts which offer new interpretations of Sinan's art.


A first‐principles investigation on the electronic structure, mechanical, and thermal properties of Zr–Si compounds has been investigated to prompt the development of new materials. The influence of Si content on mechanical and thermal properties is clarified. All the Zr–Si compounds are strikingly incompressible under uniaxial stress along x, y, and z axes. β‐ZrSi possesses the strongest resistance to shape change and uniaxial tensions. α‐ZrSi presents better performance of the resistance to volume change. The bulk modulus first increases and then decreases with the increase of the Si concentration. All the compounds exhibit brittle behavior. These zirconium silicides have relatively low bulk and shear modulus, but the shear anisotropy is strongly dependent on diverse directions. Debye temperature increases linearly with the increase of Si content. ZrSi2 shows the best capacity of thermal conductivity. The minimum thermal conductivity in all the crystallographic directions is progressively increased with the increase of Si content except for β‐ZrSi in the [010] direction.


In this paper,reflectivity and transmissivity's errors in Gaussian beam transmission caused by surface's interference of a slab device is theoretically calculated and analyzed. The method to eliminate these errorsis presented.


This paper explores the limitations of neutral-point voltage balancing problem for different loading conditions and index modulations of neutral-point-clamped three-level inverters. However, the modulation, which based on the virtual space vector concept, that only requires the addition of the output three-phase currents equals zero, guaranteed the balancing of the neutral-point potential for any load over the full range of converter output voltage and for all load power factors. It is the shortcomings of those methods that to estimate the sectors and calculating a lot of trigonometric functions, which results in the increase of the calculating quantity of micro-processor. To solve these problems, a novel method for the virtual space vector concept based on 60o coordinate system is presented in this paper. The method proposed can omit the judging process of the sectors, reduce the calculating burden, and maintain the balance of neutral-point voltage between capacitances within a certain index modulation. The results of simulation are given to validate the improved virtual space vector modulation.


The present invention, at least one solid, viscous liquid, or an additive dispersed in the solvent, with respect to (a) water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and (b) monomer (a) 0.001 mol% of monomers containing at least two polymerizable groups, by copolymerization of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers from 0 to 20 mol% of water insoluble to (c) monomer (a) use of a device for addition to the reaction space of the reactor for the production of crosslinked particulate polymer, in this case the device, for conveying at least one additive at least one of comprising a screw, at least one screw ends in the inner wall flush substantially the reaction space at the feed opening, regarding the use of the device for supplying the reaction space at least one additive That.


Objective Auditory evoked potential index (AAI) has been proposed for monitoring anesthetic depth. The aim of this study was to compare tins new technique with hispectral index (BIS) and 95% spectral edge frequency (SKF) for assessing anesthetic depth during emergency from propofol-isoflurane anesthesia. The ability of these techniques in distinguishing consciousness from unconsciousness was also evaluated. Methods Thirty six ASA I - II patients ( 15 male, 21 female) undergoing elective surgery under propofol-isoflurane anesthesia were enrolled in the study. Age ranged from 18 to 75 years and body weight from 35 to 80 kg. Patients with psychoneural diseases or hearing disturbances were excluded. The patients were premedicaled with phenobarbitai sodium 0.1g and airopine 0.5mg. Anesthesia was induced with rnidazolam 0 .05-0.1 mg.kg1,fentanyl 5- 10ug.kg1 and vecuronium 0. 1-0.2mg.kg-1 and maintained with propofol infusion (8-16ml. h 1) and isoflurane inhalation (0.5% -1.0%). Intermittent IV boluses of vecuroniuni were given when needed. The patients were transported to recovery room after surgery. AAI, HIS, SKF and hemodynamic parameters were monitored and recorded on entering the recovery room, before extubation, during extubalion, 5, 10, 20 min after exlubation and before release from recovery room. Results AAI, BIS and SEF were 40.9±11.7,73.64±10.8 and 17.5±2.8 respectively on entering recovery room and increased to 72.6 ±11.0, 88.2±7.3 and 22.5±2.6 during exlubation. The increase in AAI was significantly greater. The mean values of AAI before and after responding to light glabellar tap or loud auditory stimulus were 36. 1±11.5 and 52.4±12.3 respectively, the mean values of BIS were 71.9±11.5 and 78 . 6±11.9 and of SKF 16.7±3.0 and 18. 6±3.2 .Only AAI demonstrated a significant difference detween consciousness and unconsciousness. Conclusion AAI, HIS and SKF all increase gradually during emergence from anesthesia. AAI is most sensitive among the three techniques and is most useful in detecting the transition from unconsciousness to consciousness.


Give & Take, a collaborative exhibition in two parts organized by the Serpentine Gallery in partnership with the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A), London, was displayed concurrently at both institutions from January 30 to April 1, 2001. Curator Lisa Corrin conceived the exhibition as a single project at two sites. At the Serpentine, the artist Hans Haacke installed Mixed Messages, his selection of more than two hundred objects from across the spectrum of the V&A's rich collection. At the V&A, fifteen international contemporary artists, invited by Corrin, contributed works—some newly commissioned for this project—that were sited in various spaces throughout the galleries.


Virus microscopy – or perhaps more proper, 'nanoscopy', since their typical dimensions are on the nanometer scale – is crucially important for their identification and study. The required high spatial resolution can be achieved by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), but at the expense of using high-energy (typically 50 - 400 keV) electrons that cause substantial radiation damage. A less invasive variant of virus electron microscopy would be highly desirable. Here, we present the first low-energy electron microscope (LEEM) observation of viruses. SrRuO3 films and Nb-doped SrTiO3 bulk single crystals are introduced as excellent new substrates for LEEM studies. High-quality images of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) are obtained with electrons at just a few eV, or even without reaching the surface. LEEM offers easy sample preparation, tens of high-resolution images per second, and no radiation damage. With additional capabilities such as spectroscopy and diffraction, it is a promising technique for the study of viruses and other biological nano-objects.


ABSTRACT It has been previously indicated that graphyne-like BN (BNyne) sheets have distinct and interesting properties with graphyne and h-BN sheets. Herein, the geometric and electronic properties of C-doped graphyne-like BN (C-BNyne) sheets (including α-, β- and γ-) were systematically investigated by the first-principles calculations. The results reveal that C impurity is more likely to substitute the linear-B and corner-N sites due to the lower formation energy. The C atom incorporation could lead to a change in electron transfer and local bond lengths and a pronounced structural distortion was observed in α C-doped linear-B BNyne and in γ C-doped linear-B BNyne configurations. When a single C impurity atom was doped in linear-B site, it introduced donor levels near the bottom of the conduction band and thus the structures show n-type semiconductor character. As for C-doped corner-N site BNynes, electronic structure calculation showed p-type semiconductor character. Meanwhile, strong spin splitting phenomenon occurs in β C-doped linear-B BNyne and the spin splitting character originated from the impurity C atom and its first neighboring B atom. However, the other doped configurations are nonmagnetic semiconductor.


Analytic expressions are given for the first two coefficients (moments) in the Taylor time series expansion of the Wigner rotation matrices orientational correlation functions φmn LL′ (t) = , L, L′ = 1, 2, 3, 4) Fourth order moments are similarly determined for first and second rank correlation functions. These expressions are derived for the case of cylindrically symmetric particles reorienting in a uniaxial fluid. The required algebraic manipulations have been handled by machine using a procedure written in SCHOONSCHIP.


Seventeen lines of upland paddy were evaluated for estimating genetic parameters, correlation coefficient and reaction against brown spot disease. The lines exhibited considerable variation for seven traits out of nine characters studied. Mean yield/plant was highest in Bhalum-3 (29.26 g) followed by RCPL-412 (28.46 g) and Bhalum- 2 (28.06 g). Entries RCPL-412 and RCPL-413 exhibited highest number of grains/ panicle(188.0 and 165.44, respectively). Narrow differences were observed between PCV and GCV for majority of the traits. Yield per plant was significantly correlated with number of productive tillers per plant (0.4280), number of grains per panicle (0.4085) and negatively correlated with days to 75% maturity (-0.5949). Lines Bhalum 1, 2, 3, 4 and RCPL 412 and 413 showed resistant reaction against brown spot disease of rice.


1.Introduction The question of whether relativization in Japanese involves syntactic movement is an on-debate topic in generative linguistics. Most of the research works that support a syntactic movement of the relative head (Hasegawa 1985, Ishii 1991, Honda 2002, Hoshi 2004a-c, Kitao 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, Morita 2006, 2013, among others) have examined weak crossover (WCO) effects (1a-b),and reconstruction/connectivity effects (2a-b) to validate their analysis.


Mathematical models for tumor growth inhibition (TGI) are an important tool in the battle against cancer allowing preclinical evaluation of potential anti-cancer drugs and treatment schedules. In this article, an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model for cancer tumor growth is estimated based on laboratory data of TGI in mice and presented. The model was proven capable of describing with accuracy the tumor growth under single-agent chemotherapy. At the same time, an optimal control problem was formulated to identify optimal drug dosages. The linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller was used with success in optimizing both periodic and intermittent chemotherapy treatment schedules reducing the tumor mass while keeping dosages under acceptable toxicity


Horticulture products are host for Tephritidae fruitflies that are considered a quarantine risk by many importing countries. This research was conducted to find out the specific condition for the heat treatment using vapor heat treatment (VHT) method to control pest and diseases of papaya and the fruit quality during storage. Papayas were vapor heat treated at medium temperature of 46.5 0 C for 0, 15, and 30 minutes. After the treatment, the fruits were waxed using beeswax of 6 % in concentration and then stored at temperature of 10 0 C. The results show that the fruitfly of oriental fruitfly (Bactrocera dorsalis) was completely killed by treating in deep water testing at temperature of 46 0 C for 10 minutes or at 43 0 C for 30 minutes. The VHT of papaya at fruit core temperature of 45.5-46.0 0 C for 15-30 minutes following waxing using beeswax of 6% in concentration was found to be effective to control pest and diseases until 21 days of storage without any visible signs of heat injury and without adversely affecting the quality of the fruit. Keywords: Papaya, vapor heat treatment, waxing, quarantine Diterima: 20 Agustus 2007; Disetujui: 24 Nopember 2007


Aims:  CCND1 and EMSY, on 11q13, are frequently amplified in breast cancer. CCND1 is implicated in cell cycle progression and EMSY is a BRCA2‐associated repressor protein. The aim was to investigate gene copy numbers of CCND1 and EMSY and to determine if CCND1 amplification is associated with reduced survival of tamoxifen‐treated breast cancer patients.


The paper makes preliminary study of the current stability of the heated field emission cathode. When heating the cathode, it consists of two main sources of electrical instability: the work function and the surface geometry. The basic theory is given to study further the noise of the heated field cathode.


In this paper the reducibility of octahedral and cubic Cu2O nanocrystals that respectively expose the (111) and (100) crystal planes has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Reduced either by H2 or CO, the reduction temperature of octahedral Cu2O nanocrystals is lower than that of cubic Cu2O nanocrystals by more than 120 °C, which provides the unambiguous experimental results that the Cu2O(111) crystal plane is much more facile to be reduced than the Cu2O(100) crystal plane. The DFT calculation results reveal that the different reducibilities of octahedral and cubic Cu2O nanocrystals arise from their different surface structures, in which the Cu2O(111) surface has coordination unsaturated Cu but the Cu2O(100) surface does not. The chemisorption and activation of CO and H2 are stronger on the Cu2O(111) surface than on the Cu2O(100) surface. These results provide the convincing evidence for the shape-dependent surface reactivity of oxide nanocrystals.


This paper describes an experimental study designed to look at the application of a thinking skills programme‐Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment‐to the teaching of chemistry to 14‐year‐olds. A class of 21 students in a London comprehensive school was divided into two groups, a control group of 10 students, and an experimental group of 11 students. The students were assigned to groups on the basis of their scores on the science section of an NFER cognitive abilities test which they all took at the beginning of the year. The ability and gender composition of the two groups was similar. One group, the experimental group, was taught a chemistry module designed to compensate for cognitive deficiencies revealed at interview; the other group was taught the usual chemistry module by the head of science in the school. Significant differences were revealed between the scores of the experimental and control group on the post‐test.


The course of the Unix operating system is an elective. Students have no idea about studying the course. They often have fear of it. More over, the experiment stages are lagged behind. All these make the teaching effect disappointed. The authors make full use of campus network to improve teaching Unix. This paper presents some relevant methods to those who are in the same trade for reference. Beyond our attempts and teaching tests, it is proved that our practice is quite valid.


Mobile applications fulfill the more and more signi ficant role in everyday life of the rapidly growing number of Smartphone users. IT companies try to establish new standards of data management as well as create mobi le applications extending the functionalities of existing systems to enable the u s rs to benefit from the newest technological advances. The paper presents a review of the known mobile application vulnerabilities for the two most popular mobil e platforms, Apple's iOS and Google's Android, and proposes the secure developme nt odel to overcome the existing threats faced by mobile application develope rs.


Pseudomonas fluorescens strain PFM2, antagonistic to Septoria tritici, also inhibited growth of several other phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi in vitro. Three inhibitory compounds were extracted from liquid glycerol-peptone-phosphate medium in which strain PFM2 was grown for 4 weeks. The compound recovered in greatest quantity (70 mg/1) was identified as 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol. The other two antibiotics, which were produced in small amounts (< 5 mg/l), were not identified. A similar pattern of inhibition against the different bacteria and fungi was exhibited by both 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and strain PFM2 when grown in a medium of the same composition as that in which the antibiotic was produced.


A numerical model for consolidation of fissured clays, on the basis of the double-porosity concept, is presented. As applications of the model, two numerical examples are analysed: a one-dimensional soil column, and a strip loading on a two-dimensional medium of a fissured clay. It is shown that, in comparison to an equivalent single-porosity model, the settlement in a double-porosity medium is delayed due to the slow dissipation of excess fluid pressure in the clay matrix. In addition, three distinct time periods are identified in the consolidation of a fissured clay. The characteristic of each period are discussed and the parameters affecting these periods are highlighted. Moreover, it is shown that the Mandel–Cryer effect, which is often discussed in relation to consolidation of soils treated as single-porosity material, may not develop in fissured clays. Nous presentons un modele numerique pour la consolidation des argiles fissurees sur la base du concept de double porosite. En applications du mod&acu...


Several MOP ligands 5 containing aryl groups at 2′ position of (R)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton were prepared and used for palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of cyclic 1,3-dienes 6 with trichlorosilane. Highest enantioselectivity was observed in the reaction of 1,3-cyclopentadiene (6a) catalyzed by a palladium complex (0.25 mol %) coordinated with (R)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-2′-(3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1′-binaphthyl (5f), which gave (S)-3-(trichlorosilyl)cyclopentene of 90% ee.


The inductance gradient is one of the important parameters on the design and evaluation of railgun performance. The size, shape, and material of rails have effects on the inductance gradient. In 2-D analysis, the length of rails assumed to be infinite and then the effect of the armature ignored and a constant inductance gradient is obtained. In 3-D simulations, with assuming a fixed position for the armature (usually in the middle of rail), the inductance gradient can be determined. However, with the moving of the armature along rail length and the increasing of the current path, the applied force on the projectile will be different when it is constant and in the middle of the structure. Therefore, inductance gradient in the structure length will be changed. In this paper, with considering a railgun with copper rails with 1-m length, according to the input current and the resultant force of the aluminum armature in the rail length it was displaced in every step, the inductance gradient was determined. The results show that the amount of inductance gradient is not constant and will be increased with armature movement toward the muzzle.


Using the interactive communication theory,the author researched the methods for agricultural information interactive communication through 5 kinds of common media(newspaper and journal,broadcast,TV,network and mobile phone),as well as the innovation exploration and practice of these methods.The study found that the innovation exploration and practice of agricultural information interactive communication through common media were mainly divided into two types:strengthening the traditional media based on their communication characteristics;realizing the interactive integration of multiple media by their own advantages.We considered that only the integration and complementation of various media could innovate,strengthen and expand the interactive communication.


chain facilitation of C-FDA (KC-FDA) thrombocytotoxicity. Hum Immunol 1983; 8:265-271 11. Bodmer W, Tripp M, Bodmer J: Application of a fluorochromatic cytotoxicity assay to human leukocyte typing, In Histocompatibility Testing. Copenhagen, Munksgaard, 1967, pp 341-350 12. Miller WV: Technical Manual of the American Association of Blood Banks, chap 17, 7th Ed. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott, 1977 13. Lau P, Sholtis CM, Aster RH: Post-transfusion purpura: An enigma of alloimmunization. Am J Hematol 1980; 9:331-336 14. Herzig RH, Herzig GP, Bull MI, et al: Correction ofpoorplatelet transfusion responses with leucocyte-poor HLA-matched platelet concentrates. Blood 1975; 46:743-750 15. Brand A, van Leeuwen A, Eernisse JG, et al: Platelet transfusion therapyOptimal donor selection with a combination of lymphocytotoxicity and platelet fluorescence tests. Blood 1978; 51:781-788 16. Minchinton RM, Waters AH: The occurrence and significance of neutrophil antibodies. BrJ Haematol 1984; 56:521-528 17. Miller WV, Harmon HA: Platelet-specific antigen systems and their detection. Prog Clin Biol Res 1984; 149:79-101


It is illustrated that age-structured population models with an additional structure nicely fit into the framework of Lipschitz perturbations of non-dense operators which satisfy the resolvent estimates. This makes it not only possible to show that unique solutions to the model equations exist in a well-defined sense, but also that they generate a dynamical system (or semiflow) which leaves closed convex subsets invariant that satisfy an appropriate subtangential condition.


The main contribution of both of these books is in bridging the gap between classroom practice and the research results in the area of concept development. The experiments of Piaget and others have provided an enormous increase in our knowledge of how children's thinking develops, and for many years now teachers and student-teachers have been exhorted to ensure that children acquire the essential mathematical concepts as well as the basic mathematical skills. It has always been relatively easy to test that skills are known, rather more difficult to test that understanding is present, but little has ever been done to test systematically the level of conceptual development in a child. Experiments of the Piaget type provide a means of clinical investigation of a child's state of concept formation and in Checking up 2 many of these experiments are explained and simplified for classroom use by the teacher. Most of the check-ups described are to be used with individuals and this implies a considerable amount of time being taken up by the checking process. Clearly teachers and student-teachers will need considerable advice as to how to use this sort of material to the best advantage. It is also important that knowledge of the level of conceptual development obtained by using these check-ups should be fed back into the main teaching process, and there is not enough guidance as to how that should be done or, indeed, when in the normal teaching situation a teacher becomes aware that a check-up will serve a useful purpose. One section of the book ends with "The ideas of this check-up are fundamental to an understanding of motion geometry, in particular rotation...". More advice of this sort, linking syllabus context with the material of the book, would have been of tremendous help. Nevertheless the book is an extremely valuable one in providing the teacher with new ways of testing children's understanding and shows very clearly the process of development of the concepts of shape, length, area, spatial order and matter. It will be of great value to student-teachers in providing them with material for investigating children's thinking. Practising teachers will be faced with a time problem in using the check-ups but the book could be used to great advantage in guiding groups of teachers working together to improve their skill in assessing children's conceptual understanding at critical points in the teaching programme.


Background and Purpose: Hypertension, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are major risk factors for stroke, particularly among elderly African Americans (AAs). However, whether there are racial differ...


The article presents modern schemes for the organization of wind-solar power supply systems. Available approaches to managing the energy-dynamic process of operation of wind power plants as part of hybrid power supply systems are given, and modern research on this topic is given. The results of the development of a mathematical model of the energy-dynamic processes of the hybrid wind-solar power supply system, which includes wind power plants, solar panels, and a battery energy storage system. The universal structural diagram of such a system is substantiated. A set of production rules for the implementation of management of the hybrid power supply system and a simulation model of energy-dynamic processes for possible modes of operation of the system have been developed. The simulation model was developed in the IntelliJ IDEA programming environment using the Java programming language, the Spring framework, and the PostgresDB relational database. A simulated simulation of the system's operation was carried out in order to determine the optimal operating modes depending on the restrictions on the number of switchings of each wind power plant, the structure of the system and the parameters of its elements. The input data for the study of operating modes are the wind energy potential, the solar energy potential at a given geographical point, the number and technical parameters of wind electric installations and solar panels, as well as the energy parameters of the storage element. In order to reduce the number of switching (switching on/exclusion) of wind electrical installations in the hybrid power supply system, the parameter "Minimum interval between consecutive changes in the active composition of the wind farm" was introduced. The result of simulation modelling is the establishment of the following dependencies: customer support time from the deficiency of power supply probability (DPSP); the minimum interval between determinations of the active set of the wind power plant based on the number of switchings; the minimum interval between determinations of the active composition of wind turbines from the average deviation of the generation capacity. The obtained results will make it possible to optimize the parameters and modes of operation of hybrid wind-solar systems, as well as algorithms for managing energy-dynamic modes in the design and operation of systems.


The relation between error and uncertainty is discussed,and the importance of uncertainty in result of physical experiment is analyzed.The personal views about several questions,which may lead to misunderstanding about error and uncertainty,are put forward.


Recently, a multi-facility, multi-product and multi-period industrial production-distribution planning problem has been widely investigated in Supply Chain Management (SCM). One of the key issues in the current SCM research area involves reducing both production and distribution costs. We have developed an optimization model to tackle the above problems under the restricted conditions such as transportation time and a zero inventory. Computational experiments using commercial tool Ms-Excel Solver show that the real size problems we encountered can be solved in reasonable time. The model can be used to decide an appropriate production-distribution planning problem in SCM research area.


The purpose of the study was to induce meaning of the UX design from users' interview. The study covers interviews from 20 untact finance application users in their twenties in written form. It aims to examine previous studies on UX design and to overcome their shortcomings by categorizing usability qualities focusing on verbs used in the interview. The followings are the result: Usability of UX design can be summarized into Unity, Trust, Persistency, Recognition and Approachability of the information to the 20 users in their twenties. As for the data earned from interviews focusing on verbs, usability included Security, Familiarity, Accessibility, Convenience of Operation and Visibility. Each of the qualities fell into related categories such as Security, Information, Brand and Design. In conclusion, analysis based on verb choices led to better understanding of the user-based experience compared to using objective means in previous studies and can be a suggestion to make up for errors in the former evaluation process.


G.J. Mufti, T.J. Hamblin, F.K. Stevenson, M. Fitchett, Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Shelley Road, Bournemouth BH1 4JG (UK) Lisheret al., Actahaemat. 72: 49-51 (1984), report the association of polycythemia rubra vera and hairy cell leukaemia. Although they claim to be the first to report such an association we have to inform you that our own report^] takes precedence. Furthermore, as we show in our paper and so many others have also demonstrated, the hairy cell is a B lymphocyte. Finally, there is no evidence either in their case or ours for a transformation from polycythemia to hairy cell leukaemia. It is much more likely that we are both dealing with co-existing malignancies. Reference 1 Mufti, G.J.; Hamblin, T.J.; Stevenson, F.; Fitchett, M.: Polycythemia rubra vera and hairy cell leukaemia in the same patient. Stud. Spleen 35: 1008-1010(1982). Reply: We humbly acknowledge the primum rights of Dr. Mufti and his associates to the first description of hairy cell leukemia in a patient with polycythemia vera. The Medline system we used for computer search of the literature failed to find their paper. The hairy cell, no doubt, shares many characteristics of the B lymphocytes, as was also demonstrated in the cases described by us by MRBS rosette formation and by immunofluorescence staining with anti-immunoglobuline antiserum. One inevitably wonders about the forte of Dr. Mufti's statement about the chance coexistence of the two malignancies. The frequent transformation of polycythemia vera to various and diverse forms of leukemia points to a very basic derangement of the hematopoietic system. In this context it is tempting to speculate that hairy cell leukemia is no exception.


We present ab initio calculations for internal interfaces in Si and SiC. Density-functional calculations within the local-density approximation and the pseudopotential-plane-wave approach are performed to understand the effect of such two-dimensional defects on the electronic properties. We study the interface between the $3C$ and $2H$ polytypes along the $[111]∕[0001]$ direction. A {221} tilt boundary between two cubic crystals, which is often observed in chemical vapor deposited films of SiC, is examined. We also consider the interface corresponding to a ${115}∕{3\overline{3}02}$ plane between the $3C$ and $2H$ phases. It is especially interesting since it may contribute to a quantum-wirelike inclusion of cubic SiC in hexagonal SiC. Whereas the ${111}∕{0001}$ interface induces only shallow states in the bulk fundamental gaps, the particular bond-ring topology of the {221} and ${115}∕{3\overline{3}02}$ interfaces gives rise to a variety of states, even resulting in a metallic behavior in the latter case for SiC.


The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model biological flows is quite a recent one. This study presents a CFD model of the Circle of Willis developed to simulate the human cerebrovascular tree. Specifically, we aim to show firstly how the auto‐regulation mechanism can be modelled and secondly how smaller arteries, often not visible by non‐intrusive MR studies, can be detected by making use of the results obtained from the computer simulation. Results show the time‐varying mass flow in each of the efferent vessels and how collateral vessels are even used in naturally 'balanced' configurations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The authors develop a numerical solution to equations that simulate the thaw subsidence of an unsaturated frozen soil due to surface heating. Solutions in regards to pore pressure, temperature, degree of unfrozen water content, ice content, and porosity provide the spatial and temporal variations of these quantities in a thawing soil column. A Crank-Nicolson finite-difference scheme is used to discretize a one-dimensional form of governing equations. These highly nonlinear equations are then solved by an iterative procedure at every time interval for predescribed positive surface temperatures that produce thawing. Based on the numerical solutions for a silt column, researchers found that, above the frozen region, unfrozen water saturation increases due to low hydraulic conductivity, which prevents the melting ice from draining, causing water accumulation above it. Also, most of the settlement at the surface is due to thaw consolidation rather than settlement due to drainage. The former is completed in 7 days of a 12-day simulation period. A sensitivity analysis further revealed that settlement estimations are very sensitive to the thaw-settlement parameter and phase-composition curve, thus requiring accurate determination of these parameters for a reliable simulation of the thaw-consolidation process.


Cloud manufacturing is defined as a relationship between the consumer and a flexible array of production services, managed by an intervening architecture that can match service providers to product and manufacturing processes Cloud manufacturing definitions typically make explicit or imply three groups of actors: consumers, who request and use cloud manufacturing processes; application providers, who provide the software to enable the manufacturing cloud and associated ICT, and service providers who provide, own and operate the manufacturing services. Cloud concepts in principle move away from a single, all-powerful, service provider to enable a combination of distributed systems. Ironically, the way in which this is so far implemented in cloud computing is that several major organizations, such as Amazon and Google, own the majority of these servers, so whilst the data is physically distributed, its ownership is not. Also, whereas the transport of data from a remote point to a customer is nearly instantaneous, the transport of products or components re-quires an appropriate and efficient supply chain and logistics network. In this article we look at the work done in the field of cloud and the branches have arisen in recent years. and we look at a work with concept of security in cloud manufacturing system.


In this paper,methods of extraction spectrophotometry and flame AAS for determination of boron in steel were studied and compared.It was found that linearity of working curves was ranged in boron concentration of 0.11-3.2 mg·L-1 for spectrophotometry and 0.05-3.24 mg·L-1 for FAAS.Detection limit(3S/N) was 0.033 mg·L-1 for spectrophotometry and 0.036 mg·L-1 for FAAS.No significant difference among the analytical results of the 2 methods was found.


The identification model for human error criticality is constructed on the basis of the principle of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis.It consists of three decision-making factors,namely the scale of probability of occurrence of human error mode,the scale of probability of error-effect and the scale of error-consequence criticality.It is difficult to consider the weight of every factor,this paper employs the grey theory to identify the human error criticality,which provides a new viewpoint for the identification of the priority of error criticality and origin,which overcome the problem for the actual weight distribution.


Recognition of iris is basically a technique used by taking out the mathematical forms biometrically over any video-based images either of the eyes that consists of complex pattern which are exclusive and static in nature. Iris is a favoured biometric feature equated to supplementary biometrics due to its specificity and constancy characteristics. The first developed systems are often relied on bad edge recognition methods and filters. Various Recognition methods like Canny Edge Detection, Huff Transform, Gabor Filters, Dagman's Operator Iris, are often utilized in the arena. There are some confines in the form of complex computational tactics, lack of precision for the images that contains complex noise, impediment due to lens, lashes of eyes and reflection observed in pre-work. The structure proposes a recognition of an iris or a validation system utilizing the method of Sobel Age Detection for the extraction of Iris feature. The tactic also evidences that the figurative depiction efficiently handles noise and declines, considering low resolutions, specular reflections and features that creates obstacle in the eye. The proposed system delivers improved safety results with the exact feature extraction here.


In a Banach space we consider a class of linear non-autonomous neutral type differential equations with several delays. For the considered equations we derive explicit delay-dependent input-output stability conditions. Applications to neutral type integro-differential equations are also discussed.


Canis latrans (Say 1823) is a canid commonly called the coyote. It is dog-like in appearance with varied colorations throughout its range. Originally restricted to the western portion of North America, coyotes have expanded across the majority of the continent. Coyotes are omnivorous and extremely adaptable, often populating urban and suburban environments. Preferred habitats include a mixture of forested, open, and brushy areas. Currently, there exist no threats or conservation concerns for the coyote in any part of its range. This species is currently experiencing an increasing population trend. Published 5 December 2008 by the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University Fig. 2. Skull of an adult coyote. Photograph from Skulls Unlimited International. www.skullsunlimited.com Fig. 1. Typical adult male coyote. Used with permission of the photographer Billie Cromwell/retired Pennsylvania Game Commission. is molted annually (Jackson 1951). Colors are generally blended and banded with lighter coloration on the underside of the animal. Melanism and albinism are rare in this species (Young 1951). DISTRIBUTION The distribution of the coyote (Fig. 3) covers most of North and Central America from Costa Rica to northern Alaska and from the Pacifi c coast to the Atlantic coast (Jackson 1951; Hill et al. 1987). Originally restricted to the western portion of the continent, coyotes recently expanded into the southeastern United States around the 1950s. This expansion may have been infl uenced and accelerated by humans (Hill et al. 1987). Coyotes appeared in Mississippi during the early 1960s (Nowak 1978) and are now found throughout the state (Hill et al. 1987; Lovell et al. 1998). The most recent point of expansion in the southeastern United States is the state of Florida, in which coyotes now occupy the vast majority of the area (Thornton et al. 2004). FORM AND FUNCTION Coyotes can be distinguished by erect ears, a full and straight tail, a visible black spot on the tail marking a scent gland, and a V-shaped shoulder harness (Hilton 1978). The scent gland at the base of the tail produces a marker for each individual in the form of a unique scent (Young 1951). Coyotes normally have 8 mammary glands (Hildebrand 1952). Four toes are present on each hind foot and fi ve toes are present on each fore foot with the fi rst digit high and on the inside (dewclaw). Claws are blunt and do not retract (Jackson 1951). The dental formula is: i 3/3, c 1/1, p 4/4, m 2/3, total 42 (Slaughter et al. 1974). The coyote's central nervous system is similar to that of a domestic dog (Atkins 1978). The adrenal glands of coyotes do not differ signifi cantly from other members of Canidae. The left adrenal is heavier than the right, regardless of sex, but overall the female adrenal glands are larger than male adrenal glands (Heinrich 1972). Winter pelage of the coyote is highly insulative and greatly increases heat conservation (Ogle and Farris 1973). An annual molt occurs from summer to fall. Prior to molting, fur appears heavily worn and faded (Jackson 1951). Urination and defecation is used to indicate reproductive status as well as territorial boundaries (Gese and Ruff 1997). Optimal auditory sensitivity in coyotes ranges from 100 Hz to 30 kHz (Petersen et al. 1969). The retina consists of rods and cones with rods being more numerous, which indicates good night vision ability but little color perception (Horn and Lehner 1975). Coyotes are most active at night and during crepuscular periods (Bekoff and Wells 1980; Thornton et al. 2004). ONTOGENY AND REPRODUCTION The mating season for coyotes is mid-January through late March. Litters of 3 to 7 pups are born from March to May after a gestation of 60–63 days (Mengel 1971; Carlson and Gese 2008). Both the male and female participate in the care of the litter. Breeding pairs may remain together for several years, but not usually for life (Carlson and Gese 2008). Increased courtship behavior begins before estrus (proestrus; January–February) as levels of estradiol and progesterone rise in females and spermatogenesis peaks in males (Kennelly 1978; Carlson and Gese 2008). Sexual activity Fig. 3–Geographic distribution of Canis latrans. Adapted from Jackson (1951), Hill et al. (1987), and Thornton et al. (2004). Created using ArcGIS. decreases as females approach diestrous, and levels of estradiol and progesterone subsequently decrease. Levels of prolactin and relaxin elevate in pregnant females shortly after ovulation (Carlson and Gese 2008). Both sexes exhibit regression of the gonads during the non-breeding season (Mengel 1971). Denning activities occur from April to June, weaning occurs from June to August, and basic parental care lasts until the young disperse or become mature members of the social group (usually November). Juvenile coyotes can reach reproductive maturity in their fi rst year, but juvenile males who disperse from their natal territory are generally more successful than the males that remain or the females of that generation (Mengel 1971; Carlson and Gese 2008). Coyote pups average a birth weight of about 250–300 g (2.5% of average adult weight). From 3 to 8 weeks old, pups gain almost 0.5 kg per week. Eyes open at 2 weeks (14–16 days). Upper canines usually erupt fi rst, soon followed by the eruption of the lower canines and upper incisors, which are followed by the lower incisors (Bekoff and Jamieson 1975). Adult coloration is attained within 5–6 months (Jackson 1951). ECOLOGY Population characteristics.—The average lifespan of the coyote is generally 10–18 years (Young 1951). Annual survival rate is 0.5–0.69 (juveniles slightly lower than adults), but this value varies from study to study (Holzman et al. 1992a; Windberg 1995). Mortality is most often affected by human activities and disease (Holzman et al. 1992a). In Mississippi, Chamberlain and Leopold (2001) found that the mortality of southeastern coyotes is primarily affected by hunting, but harvest levels are relatively low (annual survival rate approximately 0.70). Population densities have been estimated at 0.26–0.33 individuals/ km2. However, population densities vary by season, by region, and among different habitat types (Gese et al. 1989). Windberg's (1995) study in Texas estimated population density at 2.0 individuals/km2. Sex ratios are generally 50:50, and the number of pups and yearlings are nearly equal to the number of adults in a population. Dispersal usually occurs among young coyotes in their fi rst winter, October– January (Gese et al. 1989). Females 3–9 years of age have the most reproductive success (Windberg 1995). Space use.—Home range of coyotes in Mississippi is not signifi cantly affected by seasonality. Females have a slightly larger annual home range (1,850 ha) and core area (330 ha) than males (1100 ha home range, 190 ha core area—Chamberlain et al. 2000). Chamberlain et al. (2000) also showed that males and females rarely have overlapping core areas with other same-sex coyotes, but the sharing of home ranges and core areas evidenced male-female pairs. Landscape pattern does not directly infl uence home range size or selection of coyotes, possibly because of the extremely varied omnivorous diet of the coyote (Constible et al. 2006). In Mississippi, primary preference for young pine stands (9–15 years) in the home range has been documented, and this spatial selection is possibly due to prey abundance. Selection for mature pine stands increases after the breeding season due to the possible increase in den site availability (Chamberlain et al. 2000). In Georgia, Holzman et al. (1992b) also showed coyote preference for young pine stands, along with brushy areas, bottomland hardwoods, and open areas. Movement patterns between males and females do not differentiate much, except during pup rearing when females tend to move more, possibly to acquire more food for the young (Chamberlain et al. 2000). The presence of transient coyotes has been shown by Chamberlain et al. (2000) and others. Diet.—Coyotes are omnivorous with feeding habitats refl ecting the relative availability of food during each season. In Mississippi, the majority of the diet is composed of white-tailed deer, rabbits, and fruits such as blackberry and persimmon (Chamberlain and Leopold 1999). Other prey items found in a study conducted by Chamberlain and Leopold (1999) included grass, insects, snake, turtle, swine, passerines, bobcat, squirrel, beaver, armadillo, wild turkey, feral cat, poultry, opossum, corn, cattle, acorns, and muskrat. Chamberlain and Leopold's (1999) study indicated that when fruits, such as persimmon, are abundant during October and November, coyotes select them over other food items, even as populations of rodents rise and the amount of deer carrion increases. This activity may indicate a seasonal shift in foraging to increase overall effi ciency, suggesting that coyotes are indeed strong omnivores that can adjust well to environmental and seasonal changes with their highly varied diet (Chamber and Leopold 1999). A study of coyotes in Wisconsin also showed variation among foraging habits as seasons and prey availability changed (Gese et al. 1996). Diseases and Parasites.—Rabies occurs sporadically throughout coyote populations. Bacterial diseases such as tularemia (contracted mainly from rabbits) may be especially dangerous to young coyotes (Gier et al. 1978). Occurrence of canine parvovirus is relatively low while there may be a large effect from canine distemper virus. Heartworm disease may also be a leading cause of mortality (Holzman et al. 1992a). Sarcoptic mange is the main type of mange affecting coyote populations. Other ectoparasites commonly infest coyotes such as ticks and fl eas, while lice infestations are rare. Flatworms (such as tapeworms) and round worms can also affect mortality (Gier et al. 1978). While human interaction is a signifi cant source of mortality in many areas, t


In order to help the aggregator choose the contract item designed for its type to maximize Quality of Experience (QoE), a contract-based pricing mechanism is presented in this paper for the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) networks under asymmetric information. First, the utilities of the power grid and aggregators are analyzed based on their QoE, respectively. Secondly, with the contract theory, the problem is formulated as an optimization with two class of constraints. Thirdly, the optimization problem is divided into two parts and the constraints are simplified by Spence-Mirrlees single-crossing condition. Finally, under the regular distribution, we obtain the optimal contract.


Volume 3 Diagnosis and Risk Prediction of Periodontal Diseases Presents a comprehensive discussion of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk indicators and factors, individual risk profiles, and epidemiology of periodontal diseases. Considers periodontal diseases as a possible risk factor for systemic diseases and presents current and future trends in the management of periodontal diseases, including nonaggressive debridement and preservation of the root cementum.


Environment and Sustainability, School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, Sweden, Institute of Resources and Environment, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China, Department of Geography, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China


The input conductance of CMOS and many other integrated circuit technologies is determined mainly by the electrical properties of on-chip electrostatic discharge protection devices. Generally, they are designed to have diode-like characteristics to shunt potentially harmful static charge away from thin gate-oxide insulators. These nonlinear junctions may also rectify radio-frequency signals coupled onto CMOS data lines from incidental or malicious sources of interference. The rectification process generates down-converted voltages that may cause spurious response in the CMOS such as logic errors, persistent latching (upset), or undesirable shifts in logic levels. This paper presents a theoretical, numerical and experimental investigation of the radio-frequency characteristics of CMOS electrostatic protection. The inputs of commercial devices were excited by microwave pulses with the carrier frequency tuned near the parasitic resonance. The results show the regimes where microwave pulses cause state errors and unstable operating conditions in the circuit. In some devices, quality factors as high as four were measured, and upset occurred with carrier amplitudes as low as 350 mV. Good agreement between theoretical, numerical and experimental results is demonstrated, and a generalized approach to predicting radio-frequency effects in CMOS with electrostatic protection is introduced.


This article presents a 4-to-5GHz LC oscillator operating at 4.2K for quantum computing applications. The phase noise (PN) specification of the oscillator is derived based on the control fidelity for a single-qubit operation. To reveal the substantial gap between the theoretical predictions and measurement results at cryogenic temperatures, a new PN expression for an oscillator is derived by considering the shot-noise effect. To reach the optimum performance of an LC oscillator, a common-mode (CM) resonance technique is implemented. Additionally, this work presents a digital calibration loop to adjust the CM frequency automatically at 4.2K, reducing the oscillator's PN and thus improving the control fidelity. The calibration technique reduces the flicker corner of the oscillator over a wide temperature range (10<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and 8<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> reduction at 300K and 4.2K, respectively). At 4.2K, our 0.15-mm2 oscillator consumes a 5-mW power and achieves a PN of −153.8dBc/Hz at a 10MHz offset, corresponding to a 200-dB FOM. The calibration circuits consume only a 0.4-mW power and 0.01-mm2 area.


By using high viscosity,high spinning speed,low drawing ratio production operation specification of the on-site regular operation,shortening the regular operation period,guaranteeing the evenness of collection pretension,decreasing dyeingdefect,high quality knitting special material can be produced with general production line.


A case is described in detail concerning a 54-year-old seamstress whose medical history falls into 3 periods: 1-Slow and progressive decline in mental activity with amnesia and complete inability to perform normal work, 2nd period with a more extensive mental disorder, 3rd period after a few months from the onset of the disease was expressed by a significant improvement.


[Objective] To study the of E-CD and CD44V6 expression with the clinical pathological features and prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. [Methods] E-CD and CD44V6 expression were evaluated in the tissues of 58 human esophageal carcinomas and 25 normal esophageal mucosa by using immunohistochemical SP method. 42 cases were followed up for 3 years. [Results] The expression of E-cadherin was significiantly related to the invasion depth and lymph node metastasis, cell differentiation degree and clinical stage of the tumors. (P 0.01, P 0.05). Survival rate of the first year, the second year, the third year were 94.12%, 88.24%, 58.82% respectively in positive E-cadherin expression, that were 83.81%, 56.00%, 12.00% in negative expression(P 0.01). The expression of CD44V6 was related to the invasion depth and lymph node metastasis, clinical stage of the tumors (P 0.01, P 0.05), but not related to the cell differentiation degree(P 0.05). Survival rate of the first year, the second year, the third year were 83.33%, 60.00%, 16.67% in positive CD44V6 expression, that are 100%, 91.67%, 66.68% in negative expression (P 0.01). [Conclusions] E-CD and CD44V6 expression are correlated with metastasis and prognosis in esophageal tumors. The patients would have bad prognosis and metastasis when E-cadherin expression was positive and CD44V6 expression was negative.


On the basis of analyzing transport routing planning, the paper presents a dynamic route planning method based on MAS in GIS and realizes the algorithm of the shortest path by computing.


In this article, some findings pertaining to the reading skills of first-year psychology students are presented and briefly discussed. These findings form part of a larger, two-year longitudinal study undertaken in the Department of Psychology at Unisa to assess the effectiveness of print-based learner support strategies in a distance teaching situation. However, the effectiveness of print-based learner support strategies also needed to be situated within the context of reading practices, attitudes and general reading abilities of the students for whom these learner support strategies are designed. The aim of this article is simply to present, in broad outline, the main findings from the reading test. It is beyond the scope of this article to
present a detailed analysis and comprehensive discussion of all the results from the reading test.1 The main research questions that inform the reading component of the study were: (1) How successful are students at making inferences during reading? (2) Is there a relationship between the making of inferences during reading and academic performance? and (3) Is there a relationship between low
and high inferences made during reading and academic performance? With regard to the first research question it was found that students' mean score for high inference items (46, 9 per cent) was much lower than their mean score for low inference items (66, 1 per cent). The second and third research questions explored the relationship between the making of inferences during reading and
academic performance by way of a comparison of means. The dependent variable was academic performance, with respondents categorised into five groups, depending on their final examination mark. The results showed that there were indeed consistent differences in inferencing ability between the different academic
groups.


allow developers to retrieve built-in classes, edit class descriptions and install new classes in the environment at run-time. By allowing developers to tailor and extend the built-in classes of the HBMS and tool integrator dynamically, the editors enable rapid prototyping of alternate data models, HBMSs and system architectures. Developers compose new hypermedia services in the editors by specializing and extending the built-in classes of the HBMS and tool integrator into run-time support and storage support classes, respectively (see figure). Thus, Hyperform enables developers to partition hypermedia services between application-independent storage support classes in the HBMS and application-specific run-time support classes in the tool integrator, based on flexibility and efficiency considerations. Storage support classes in the HBMS could include anchor, link, node and composite classes inheriting as many features from the built-in classes as desired (e.g., access control and concurrency control). For the tool inte-grator, examples of built-in classes include generic anchor and link classes. Corresponding run-time support classes could include customized, application-specific classes (e.g., anchor and link classes specialized for the GNU Emacs editor). This enables developers to integrate hypermedia services into their (third-party) applications. R i c h a r d F u r u t a a n d D a v i d S t o t t s T he Trellis project has produced a unique algorithmic view of hyper-text. Links give structure both to the dynamic activity of browsing and to the information being browsed. The dynamics of browsing may involve several users, acting in concert or alone, to effect state changes in the hyperdocument. The set of possible state changes specifically is designed by the author. A hyperdocument integrates a process with information. Author-ing specifies this process, so the author is also a programmer. This is obvious in a system like Apple's HyperCard, where applications are scripts in a traditional programming notation, and links are " gotos. " Trellis, however, uses a graph-based process notation in which links form the state-transition diagram of an automaton (specifically, a timed, colored Petri net, such as that shown in the figure). The graph/automaton duality means authoring a document with hyperlinks simultaneously defines a program (the hyperprogram). Browsing the document is equivalent to execut


To avoid the flying rock accidents in blasting,according to rock blasting theory and field survey,the safety analysis theory was applied to find the causes of flying rocks in blasting,which helped to provide a scientific basis for blast design and safety management.The fault tree analysis(FTA) was used to a blasting accident.The causing top accident factors,and the corresponding preventive measures was put forward.


Mixed-valence manganese clusters, in particular, polynuclear oxocarboxylate clusters of manganese, [MnxMnyOz], display a non-typical magnetic behavior slow relaxation of magnetization at low temperatures. This led to the creation of a specific family of magnets, so-called single-molecule magnets. Single-molecule magnets are of particular interest because of these are magnetic domains of strict definite dimensions. Therefore, using multinuclear manganese compounds shows great promise in design of heterospin complexes. We synthesized a large group of such complexes based on [Mn6(O)2Piv10(Thf)4] core with 2-R-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro1H-imidazolyl-3-oxide-1-oxyl (NIT-R, R = H, Me, Et, p-Py, n-butylpyrazole). Both chain polymer [Mn6(O)2Piv10(Thf)2(NITMe)Mn6(O)2Piv10(Thf)(CH2Cl2)(NIT-Me)] and [Mn6(O)2Piv10(NITMe)2], possessing a diamondlike frame structure, and dumbbellike [(EtOAc)3Mn6(O)2Piv10(NIT-Me)Mn6(O)2Piv10(EtOAc)3] molecules contain [Mn6(O)2Piv10] cluster fragments linked by NIT-Me bridging molecules. Among the latter a new molecular magnet [Mn6(O)2Piv10(Thf)2(NIT-Me)Mn6(O)2Piv10(Thf)(CH2Cl2)(NIT-Me)] with Tc=3.5 K has been found [1]. It was shown that the formation of high dimensional crystal structure has the exacting requirements for structure complementary of [Mn6(O)2Piv10] and NIT-R, which can be realized only for R = CH3.


Implementation is an implementation or an application where there is already a regional regulation in the City of Pangkalpinang Number 7 of 2015 concerning Handling Homeless, Beggars, and Street Children, The problem that occurs in Pangkalpinang City is that there are still homeless people, beggars, and street children who are in public places, highways, and red lights. themselves on the streets. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the Pangkalpinang City Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2015 concerning Handling Homeless, Beggars, and Street Children has been implemented and the next goal is to find out what are the supporting and inhibiting factors of the Pangkalpinang City Regional Regulation Number 7 Hold 2015 . The theory used in this study is the theory of Edward III's Policy Implementation which in Edward III's theory has four variables indicating that a policy has been implemented or has not been implemented, the variables are communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method whose primary source is interviews with 9 informants. The informants were from 1 Pangkalpinang City Social Service agency, 1 Pangkalpinang City Satpol PP agency, 1 agency from the Women's Empowerment Service for Child Protection and Family Planning, 2 community red light intersections seven, 2 red light communities at the Ramayana intersection, 2 red light communities at the intersection of semabung. The results of this study indicate that the Pangkalpinang City Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2015 concerning Handling Homeless, Beggars, and Street Children has been implemented, The supporting factor of this research is the completeness of facilities such as buildings, vehicles and human resources in handling the Pangkalpinang City Regulation Number 7 of 2015, the inhibiting factor is financially, namely funds because the distribution of these funds is for handling Covid-19.


The article deals with the conceptual and legal basics of ensuring environmental security in Southeast Asian nations. Environmental degradation is caused by industrialization process and population growth in the region. On the basis of review of national development plans and of legislative acts of countries of Southeast Asia, it is concluded that environmental security imperative is an important part of new social and economic development paradigm.


Abstract : Lock and Dam 1 is the first navigation structure for the development of navigation on the Red River Waterway. The structure is located in a cutoff channel in the left overbank about 43.7 realigned channel miles above the Mississippi River. The structure includes one lock located along the left bank with clear chamber dimensions of 84 by 785 ft and a dam, consisting of a spillway with eleven 50-ft-wide gates, that is designed to provide a normal pool to el 40 upstream to Lock and Dam 2 (mile 74) and to pass a project flood flow of 225,000 cfs. A model reproducing two reaches of the Red River frm 1967 river mile 52.0 to 49.8 and from mile 44.0 to 41.5 and the proposed cutoff connecting these two reached, including Lock and Dam 1, was built for this study. The model was built with provisions to model the channel bed either in pea rock to an undistorted scale of 1:120 for navigation tests so velocities and current directions could be taken or in crushed coal to a distorted scale of 1:120 horizontally and 1:80 vertically for channel development tests to study bed configuration changes. The model study was conducted to determine navigation conditions and channel developments to be expected from the original design and to develop modification that might be required to: (a) improve flow conditions that would be adverse to navigation, and (b) minimize the dredging required to maintain a channel of satisfactory dimensions along a desired alignment.


In this article, we introduce the sequence space BVσ(M,p,r,△u v), where p = (pk) sequence of positive reals, v = (vk) is any fixed sequence of non zero complex numbers, u ∈ N is a fixed number and study some of the properties and inclusion relations on this space.


This study focuses on figurative found in popular songs of Secondhand Serenade, they are "Broken", "A twist in my story" and "I hate this song". The data were taken from the three songs of Secondhand Serenade which consist of many types of figurative language by using Perrine's (1992) theory. The descriptive method was applied in this research, the data source from the research is song lyrics from the three songs of Secondhand Serenade. The writer found 17 sentences containing figurative languages in Secondhand Serenade's songs. All of these terms are divided into six categories, They are, hyperbole, personification, metonymy, simile, apostrophe, and symbol. The writer more often found types of figurative language that contain hyperbole. Nine sentences are almost found in every song from the three songs of Secondhand Serenade. By reading this study, the writer hopes this research could give more understanding in the analysis of figurative language to the reader. The writer hopes this paper inspires all students who want to research in the same field. This study shows to the reader types of figurative language found in popular songs of Secondhand Serenade.


Today, defining the choice trends of tourism consumption requires an in-depth analysis approach towards many features of a territory. These include its attractiveness, accommodation models, commercial network, restaurant catering system and quality of urban areas. Likewise, a modern and effective marketing strategy must take into account all these factors and enable the relevant players to give coordinated responses so that they can optimise resources and achieve common objectives.


Content-based image retrieval is one of most debated topics in computer vision research, and has received a great deal of interest recently. It aims to retrieve similar images from a huge unlabelled image database. In this work we propose a method that reduces the error rate and retrieves relevant images early in the process, with the ability to work on both color and grayscale images. The proposed method scans an image using 8x8 overlapping blocks, extracting a set of probability density functions of the most discriminative statistical features. Our experiments, conducted on several image databases, show the robustness of the proposed method, outperforming some of the most popular methods described in the literature.


'Chinjamrye'(親蠶禮) and 'Chingyeongrye'(親耕禮) are agriculture-related royal ceremonies that had originated in ancient China. In 'Chingyeongrye', the King did the farming in the royal field in person; while the Queen did the silk-farming in the palace in person in 'Chinjamrye'. By doing 'Chinjamrye', the Queen encourages farmers to be more industrious in silk-farming so that they can make more clothes; which would be the foundation of richness and strength of the state. The royal ceremony 'Chinjamrye' was led by the Queen; which is rather exceptional because very little things were led by females in a strictly Confucian Joseon society. 'Chinjam-euigwe'(親蠶儀軌) is a publication that recorded the procedure of 'Chinjamrye' ceremony that was held in the year 1767, the 43rd year of King Yeongjo. According to this publication, 'Chinjamrye' consists of 'Jakheonrye', 'Chaesangrye', 'Jinharye', 'Johyeonrye' and 'Soogyeonrye'. 'Jakheonrye' was a ritual dedicated to the 'god of silk-farming' and 'Chaesangrye' was picking mulberry leaves from mulberry field. 'Jinharye' was receiving greetings from the eldest grandson of the King and senior government officials; while 'Johyeonrye' was receiving greetings from the King's concubine and the wife of eldest grandson of the King. 'Soogyeonrye' was the silk cocoon receiving ceremony. Everybody wore different clothes during these five different ceremony-procedures. Different from previous incidents, during the 'Chinjamrye' held in the 43rd year of King Yeongjo, the King participated in the partial ceremony led by the Queen in person. Therefore, it is possible to learn about the formal ceremonial wears of the King, the eldest grandson of the King and senior government officials. The king and the eldest grandson of the King wore the 'Ikseon-gwan', a red silk hat worn by the King, the 'Gonryongpo', King's wearing with dragon pattern; or, the 'Wonyoo-gwan', a black silk crown worn by the King and the 'Gangsapo', a red formal wear of the King, dependent on the ceremony procedure. The Queen, King's concubine and the wife of the eldest grandson of the King wore the Jeokeui, red silk clothes decorated with blue pheasant; while they wore double-layered robes during the Chaesangrye as work-wear. Senior government officials wore the 'Jobok', the formal official's uniform, and the 'Heukdanryeong', a black round-neck robe. Ladies living in royal palace and the wives of government officials wore the 'Wonsam', the ladies' robe. During the 'Chaesangrye', they all changed to casual wear for working convenience. This study would like to suggest that the 'Chinjamrye' to be performed as a periodical representation event. It would contribute in the preservation of traditional culture by representing the royal culture and royal wears in the late Joseon dynasty.


Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) are aquatic photosynthetic microalgae with an ecological role as primary producers in the aquatic food web. They account substantially for global carbon, nitrogen, and silicon cycling. Elucidating the chemical space of diatoms is crucial to understanding their physiology and ecology. To expand the known chemical space of a cosmopolitan marine diatom, Skeletonema marinoi, we performed High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS2) for untargeted metabolomics data acquisition. The spectral data from LC-MS2 was used as input for the Metabolome Annotation Workflow (MAW) to obtain putative annotations for all measured features. A suspect list of metabolites previously identified in the Skeletonema spp. was generated to verify the results. These known metabolites were then added to the putative candidate list from LC-MS2 data to represent an expanded catalogue of 1970 metabolites estimated to be produced by S. marinoi. The most prevalent chemical superclasses, based on the ChemONT ontology in this expanded dataset, were "Organic acids and derivatives", "Organoheterocyclic compounds", "Lipids and lipid-like molecules", and "Organic oxygen compounds". The metabolic profile from this study can aid the bioprospecting of marine microalgae for medicine, biofuel production, agriculture, and environmental conservation. The proposed analysis can be applicable for assessing the chemical space of other microalgae, which can also provide molecular insights into the interaction between marine organisms and their role in the functioning of ecosystems. Importance Diatoms are abundant marine phytoplankton members and have great ecological importance and biochemical potential. The cosmopolitan diatom Skeletonema marinoi has become an ecological and environmental research model organism. In this study, we used untargeted metabolomics to acquire a general metabolic profile of S. marinoi to assess its chemical diversity and expand the known metabolites produced by this diatom. S. marinoi produces a chemically diverse set of secondary metabolites with potential therapeutic properties, such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. Such metabolites are highly significant due to their potential role in drug discovery and bioeconomy. Lipids from S. marinoi also have potential in the biofuel industry. Furthermore, the environmental fluctuations in the water bodies directly affect the production of different secondary metabolites from diatoms, which can be key indicators of climate change.


To analyse the obstetrical outcome during second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at Level 2 facility. This is a hospital based analytical study conducted at Raj Shree medical and research institute Bareilly. During second wave a total 87 patients presenting to obstetric emergency department, over a period of one month (April 2021 to May 2021). A total of 26 patients were admitted in the hospital. 20 patients were COVID-19 positive and 6 patients were symptomatic with RT-PCR negative report. Out of 20 patients 19 were antenatal case and 1 case was postnatal. There were 2 mortalities among all positive patients. In all COVID-19 positive patients' majority of the patients were in 26 to 30 years of age (46%). A High proportion presented in third trimester, at the gestation period between 37 to 40 weeks (54%). Around 23% patients had severe symptoms and there were 4 ICU admissions. 65% patients required supplemental oxygen at a rate of >12 l/min. There were a total 2 mortalities; both were in severe category with rapid deterioration. The significant laboratory derangement observed was coagulation profile deranged in 40% cases. COVID-19 second wave was deleterious for obstetric population in an unprecedented manner. A high morbidity and mortality were seen in this duration. Data and evidence which is continuously evolving needs to be shared for global references and knowledge sharing amongst peers.


Objective To study the clinical effect of uterine arterial embolization (UAE) in the treatment of uterine fibroids.Methods All patients with excessive menstruation,pelvic pain,different level anemia were clear-cut diagnosed uterine fibroids before the treatment.Bilateral arterial embolization of tumor feeding vessels were done in 36 cases of uterine fibroids.The embolic materials used in this study was polymannuronate microballoons.Results The achievement ratio was 97%,and on serious complications related to the procedure occurred.B-mode ultrasound examination revealed the following 12 months after the procedure,with an average shrinkage of 45% in volume for all cases in the 6 months followup,together with conspicuous decrease in volume of menstruation.Conclusions UAE is a safe and effective method for the management of uterine fibroids.The effect in the near future is certain.


The article discusses some logical, semantic and metaphysical consequences or correlations with the introduced typology of word order in verbal and nominal sentences, which in the European tradition represent speech patterns used in judgments. The combinatorics of word order gives four variants, of which three are actually represented by native languages of distinctive philosophical traditions. It is shown that the Western word order predisposes the semantic intuition in favor of substantialism, the Arabic variety (in verbal sentences) is in conformity with the process logic of sense discovered and described by A.V. Smirnov. The Sanskrit word order in predication predisposes to the understanding of thinking as a natural transition from one object to another, whereas the ontological type of the object is not predetermined.


Part of FinnFest 2015, Pia Lindman's A Kalevala Duo, Playing Bones rubbed the history of Kalevala bone-setting against the grain by putting this otherwise private healing practice on a public stage at Kleinhans Music Hall in Buffalo, New York.