The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined postharvest use of Bacillus siamensis strain and chlorogenic acid on quality mainteance and disease control in wax apple fruit.

 Wax apple fruit were treated with Bacillus siamensis strain (N1), chlorogenic acid (CHA) and N1+CHA and preserved at 25℃for 12 days. The appearance and quality parameters were evaluated, along with the disease index (DI), content of total soluble solids (TSS), total acid (TA), vitamin C (Vc), total phenolic, and flavonoids during cold storage. Meanwhile, the activities of β-1,3-glucanase (GLU) , phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) were determined. Furthermore, the transcriptome and the expression level of key defense enzyme genes were analyzed by RNA-seq and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR).

 N1+CHA treatment significantly lowered DI and delayed fruit quality deterioration by slowing TSS and TA loss and enhancing antioxidant capacity, including Vc, total phenolic, and flavonoids content. Meanwhile, the activities of GLU, PAL, PPO and POD were dramatically increased by N1+CHA treatment. Additionally, N1+CHA treatment modulated several metabolic pathways, including those involved in plant-hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction. The expression level of key defense enzyme genes were significantly up-regulated in stored wax apple fruit by the N1+CHA treatment, which were well coincided with the transcriptome data.

 The combined use of N1+CHA significantly prevent disease and maintain fruit quality of wax apple during storage. These findings indicate that it could serve as a promising biological technique for preserving wax apple fruit.


Objective A previous 12-year follow-up of a large diabetes cohort in Taiwan suggested a survival advantage in the patients with obesity. The present study further investigated additional determinants for cancer and non-cancer death in the cohort after a follow-up of 17 years. Methods A cohort of 92546 diabetes patients recruited since 1995 was followed for vital status by matching the National Death Certificate Database until 2011. Cox regression estimated the hazard ratios for the following variables: age at baseline, sex, diabetes type, screen-detected diabetes (diabetes diagnosed accidentally through epidemiological screening programs or during visits to medical settings without a history of diabetes), diabetes duration, body mass index, insulin use, hypertension, smoking, and living region. Fasting glucose and history of dyslipidemia were available for additional adjustment in a subcohort of the patients (n = 14559). Results A total of 40229 diabetes patients (43.5% of the cohort) died during follow-up and 10.9% died under the age of 60. Insulin use and smoking significantly predicted cancer and non-cancer death. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) associated with insulin use was 1.161 (1.052–1.281) for cancer death and 1.469 (1.413–1.526) for non-cancer death. Screen-detected diabetes and body mass index were consistently associated with a lower risk, but diabetes duration a higher risk, for non-cancer death, with adjusted hazard ratio of 0.683 (0.666–0.702), 0.955 (0.951–0.958) and 1.018 (1.017–1.020), respectively. Diabetes type had a null association disregarding the causes of death and living in rural areas was significantly associated with a higher mortality from non-cancer death. Hypertension, fasting glucose and dyslipidemia showed differential impacts on cancer and non-cancer death, and were significantly predictive for non-cancer death. Conclusions Screen-detected diabetes and a higher body mass index provide a survival advantage, especially for non-cancer death. However, insulin use is associated with a significantly higher risk of either cancer or non-cancer death.


The ancient science , Ayurveda has its own holistic aim to make the mankind delightful. It should be noted that herbal drug standardization is not new in Ayurveda. However , the quality control and quality assurance still remains a challenge because of high variability of chemical components involved. Herbal drugs , singularly and in combinations , contain numerous compounds in complex matrices in which no single active constituent is responsible for the overall efficacy. Its creates a challenge in establishing quality control standards and standardization of finished herbal drugs. In present study as Ausadha (Drug) Garbharaksha vati . The ingredients of Garbharaksha vati is mentioned  in Susruta Samhita , Astanga Sangrha , Harita Samhita , Yogaratnakara. Many preparations have been mentioned in ayurvedic texts for treatment and prevention of Garbha srava , Garbha Raksha Vati is one of the modified formulation of  churna to tablet form. The Garbha Raksha Tablet was subjected to organoleptic analysis , phytochemical analysis , and qualitative analysis to detect the presence of various functional groups , and TLC by optimizing  the solvent systems. The investigation revealed the presence of tannins , ascorbic acid , alkaloids , saponins , glycosides , flavonoids and sugar etc.


The design of cellular manufacturing systems (CMSs) is a complex problem which needs the consideration of a number of often conflicting objectives. The first step towards the design of a CMS or converting a firm's facility into a cellular manufacturing layout is the development of an initial cell design which has evolved as a result of the consideration of a number of practical constraints. The authors present a multilayered neural network which can deal with practical constraints and objectives. These constraints and objectives are embedded within the network as transfer functions which help impose the practical constraints and guide the cell design process. A case study is presented which illustrates the efficacy of the network to deal with multiple constraints and come up with practical cell designs. The network is also capable of generating different cell configurations as specified by the user. The approach is comprehensive and can be easily expanded to include other constraints and objectives as needed.<<ETX>>


Clinical and experimental investigations have shown that secretory IgA antibodies to human sperm may bc one of the most important factors in immunological infertility. Studies on the effects of these antibodies on sperm function arc helpful to understand the role of


INTRODUCTIONSeven years have elapsed since Richard Reid, a British citizen partially of Jamaican extraction, tried to detonate a shoe bomb aboard an American Airlines flight departing Paris and bound for Miami. The flight was diverted to Boston after his attempt failed. Reid has since been tried and convicted of attempted mass murder; evidence presented at his trial indicated that he was an al Qaeda operative who acted with technical and logistical help of others in that organization. He had, in fact, proclaimed his allegiance to Osama Bin Laden, had traveled to Pakistan and Afghanistan during the previous year, and has been identified as an al Qaeda trainee, at the least.[1] He had also, apparently as part of his efforts for al Qaeda, earlier assessed air security procedures in Israel and reported that security measures were too stringent to expect a high likelihood of success in an attack on a plane there. So he (and his collaborators) decided to attack a U.S.-flag carrier, departing Charles DeGaulle Airport in Paris. Reid used a now famous, home-made chemical explosive - triacetone triperoxide (TATP) - as a detonator, but the main charge in the shoe was composed of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), commonly used as both a military and a commercial explosive.Because of his bizarre behavior and strange travel plans (e.g., no luggage for a transatlantic trip), Reid had been blocked from boarding the flight on December 21, 2001[2] by the personnel of a security company hired by American Airlines. He had been interrogated for some time, but security personnel could find no incriminating evidence or other reason to persuade the carrier to deny him boarding rights, and so he was permitted to get on the same flight on the following day. He then tried to destroy the aircraft in flight with his bomb. That he failed was not due to classic security measures or systems but rather to the bravery of a flight attendant (who detected his efforts) and several passengers who assisted her in subduing the criminal.It was unfortunate that French airport security had no explosives detector at hand that could have found the telltale traces of chemicals on Reid or his clothes. If they had, they probably would have detected at least the PETN on Reid's shoes, if not on other parts of his body or clothing. We know this because traces of this chemical were found in considerable quantity on the inside wall of the aircraft where Reid sat and against which he placed the bomb - his shoe - while trying to set it off. These traces were easily found three weeks after the fact, even following cleaning of the aircraft.[3]This essay asserts that the terrorist threat to global civil aviation continues to exist and that the United States aviation system remains a principal target, particularly of al Qaeda. Historical evidence will show that this threat is currently more serious overseas than it is domestically and that the terrorists' modes of operation often include the introduction of explosives aboard aircraft by passengers. Noting that explosive trace residue detection technology, currently deployed in the United States, could help mitigate this threat, this essay urges that the United States require the application of such technology overseas on flights inbound to the United States. In the past, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has been reluctant to act in this direction, probably out of concerns for the sensitivity of the sovereignty of other nations. However, taking note of the fact that the United States already imposes aviation security requirements on inbound flights, and has done so for years, this essay argues that diplomatic means already exist to improve our response to aviation terrorism overseas and that these means should be applied.The Historical ProblemSince Richard Reid's attempt, there has been one other similar and major aviation security incident with a less fortunate result. …


In this paper, we propose a zone based routing protocols for varying zone size. We will increase a size of a zone if the routing path is shorter and decrease zone size if the routing path is larger. If the zone size is smaller it requires larger number of cluster heads and longer path during routing so we vary the zone size according to requirement by increasing or decreasing the radius. Simulation results show the effect of increasing zone radius on received packet and on error rate. We are calculating the number of received packet and error rate for different zone radius. It shows that with increase in the zone radius the number of received packet increases and the error ratio are decreases. If zone size is small and network size is larger it needs more number of zones with the increase in zone number then more zone head are required. So the nodes more communicate with each other to make a zone head for every zone, which result into high battery consumption. Keywords-Wireless sensor network, zone size, LEACH, zone head, varying zone size, routing protocol.


The impact of a foehn phenomenon on the generation of abnormally high surface air temperatures in the Tokyo metropolitan area was investigated through Observing Systems Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) by the use of the variational data assimilation system equipped on Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-VAR). First, an abnormally hot weather event on August 16, 2007 was simulated using the JMA's operational meso-scale analysis data to produce "simulated observations". Then, the vertical profiles of the simulated observations over several sites were assimilated into an initial field. Results of OSSEs demonstrated that northwesterly winds and high-temperature air associated with the foehn strongly affect the generation of the abnormally high surface air temperatures. Also, the results indicated that southerly sea breezes prevent the impact of the foehn from spreading to the southern part of the metropolitan area.


Justification of the hypothesis of the avalanche mechanism of vacuum breakdown is examined. For this purpose, values of dc and impulse breakdown voltage have been measured under well-defined laboratory conditions, in the pressure range from 10−6 mbar to 1 bar, and for inter-electrode distances from 0.1 to 1 mm. Variable parameters of the experiment included the type of residual gas and the material of the electrodes in the system used for forming a homogeneous electric field. Statistical analysis of experimental results and their comparison with the predictions of a theoretical model attest that the avalanche mechanism of breakdown does come about in low vacuums.


Perceptual decisions are likely to be based on signals that are provided by populations of neurons in early sensory cortical areas. How these neural responses are combined across neurons and over time to mediate behavior is unknown. To study the link between neural responses and perceptual decisions, we recorded the activity of single units (SU) and multiple units (MU) in the primary visual cortex (V1) of monkeys while they performed a reaction-time visual detection task. We then determined how well the target could be detected from these neural signals. We found that, on average, the detection sensitivities supported by SU and MU in V1 are comparable with the detection sensitivity of the monkey even when considering neural responses during brief temporal intervals (median duration 137 ms) that ended shortly before the monkey's reaction time. However, we observed systematic differences between the overall shape of the neurometric functions and the monkey's psychometric functions. Our results suggest that the activity of a large population of V1 neurons is combined sub-optimally by subsequent processing stages to mediate behavioral performance in visual detection tasks.


In this paper, we obtain the quantitative calculation formula of the degree-based topological indices of four standard products for the path and regular graphs, which unify to solve the question on the product of these basic graphs without dealing with it one by one separately. As applications, we give the corresponding calculation formula of the general Randić index, the first general Zagreb index, and the general sum-connectivity index.


We introduce a new class of nonlinear mappings, the class of generalized strongly successively Phi-pseudocontractive mappings in the intermediate sense and prove the convergence of Mann type iterative scheme to their fixed points. Our results improves and generalizes several other results in
literature.


Thank you very much for reading learning to win sports education and social change in twentieth century north carolina. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this learning to win sports education and social change in twentieth century north carolina, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their computer.


Polycomb complexes act as repressors of transcription at many developmentally important genes. Repression by polycomb-repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is mediated by the deposition of a tri-methylation mark on lysine 27 of the histone H3 tail (H3K27me3). The PRC2 complex consists of three core proteins: EED, SUZ12, and one of either EZH2 or EZH1, which contain the enzymatic activity. The zinc finger containing protein AEBP2 (AE1 binding protein 2) has been co-purified with the PRC2 complex. The aim of this thesis was to study the function of AEBP2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that AEBP2 is enriched at the same genomic locations as H3K27me3 genomewide. Using an X inactivation model, I found that AEBP2 and H3K27me3 also co-localise by immunofluorescence upon Xist induction. Large scale immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry confirmed the interaction of AEBP2 with PRC2 complex members. Interestingly, I did not detect any peptides of the Polycomblike (PCL) family proteins. These proteins have previously been shown to interact with the PRC2 complex. Their absence in the AEBP2 immunoprecipitation, together with published work demonstrating an absence of AEBP2 in PCL purifications, suggests that AEBP2 and PCL family proteins might be mutually exclusive in PRC2 complexes. I have created an embryonic stem cell line in which both alleles of Aebp2 contain a gene-trap. This cell line was used to address the suggestion that AEBP2 might use its zinc finger domain to act as a sequence-specific PRC2 recruitment factor. AEBP2-depleted cells do not show diminished recruitment of PRC2. Additionally, electromobility shift assays failed to show that AEBP2 could bind DNA. Furthermore, recruitment of AEBP2 to genomic targets depended on the presence of the core PRC2 protein EED. Together, this makes it unlikely that AEBP2 acts as a sequence-specific PRC2 recruitment factor. In keeping with the lack of effect on PRC2 enrichment, preliminary experiments have shown that AEBP2 depletion does not greatly affect levels of H3K27me3, or the expression of PRC2 target genes. The Aebp2 gene-trapped cell line will be used to investigate further functions of AEBP2. Additionally, these cells have been used for blastocyst injection to create an Aebp2 gene-trapped mouse. Future work will show the effect of AEBP2 depletion on development.


Focusing on the testable revealed preference restrictions on the equilibrium manifold, we show that the rationalizability problem is NP-complete. Subsequently, we present a mixed integer programming (MIP) approach to characterize the testable implications of general equilibrium models. Attractively, this MIP approach naturally applies to settings with any number of observations and any number of agents. This is in contrast with existing approaches in the literature. We also demonstrate the versatility of our MIP approach in terms of dealing with alternative types of assignable information. Finally, we illustrate our methodology on a data set drawn from the US economy. In this application, an important focus is on the discriminatory power of the rationalizability tests under study. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)


In this paper, a common mathematical model of calculation of sensitivity coefficients and sensitivities of heat exchanger networks with arbitrary configurations is proposed, and the method to solve the model is given. The computer programme has been made and tested by the example. The mathematical formulations used in the calculation can be formed automatically by the programme based on the basic input information about the structure of HEN. Necessary data used in theoretical analysis of operability of HEN can be provided.


SMS platform was constructed based on GSM technology.This realized GSMMODEM SMS transceiver control by applying AT instructions.This SMS platform is aimed to provide service for student.It will realize the real-time release of students' examination results,and can annually save students tens of thousands of telephone expenditures.


To achieve the informationized management in the work of forest fire prevention,based on the concept of Internet of things,and combined with weather sensor,global positioning system,general packet radio service,video equipment,the computer technology and geographic information system are used to analyze the real-time weather data and video monitor data,and then the GPRS equipment is used as community way to design the forest fire warning and command system based on Browse/Server architecture.The applying of system show that we can enhance the path of information gathering and the robust by the idea of internet of things.


Field data collected at the mouth of Ice Stream B show that the flow dynamics of this region are distinctly different than either the major portion of the ice stream upstream or the ice shelf downstream. Surface slopes in this region are as low as ice shelf surface slopes, yet with the exception of patches of ice which may be floating, the ice is grounded. Basal shear stress is negligible, the resistance to flow being partitioned between shear at the sides and longitudinal gradients of longitudinal and transverse stress. The surface is generally crevasse-free. Features similar to ice rises are observed upstream of the grounding line. Their origin is uncertain, but they move at velocities comparable to the surrounding ice. The flow is laterally extensive and longitudinally compressive, but there are large local variations of the strain rate from the regional trends. The boundary between the two major tributaries to Ice Stream B, followed with the radar, is characterized by a band of strain rates much smaller than average. Detailed measurements at the downstream B network highlight this local variability of strain rates but confirm that there is a strong correlation between surface topography and strain rates. The strain rates indicate that the undulating topography is locally generated. The lower-elevation ice is thicker and moves faster. A velocity profile across the crevassed northern margin shows that the decrease of velocity toward the edge is nearly linear. A calculation of ice stream discharge at this location agrees closely with two rather rough estimates of balance flux and is considerably larger than a third estimate. The discharge of Ice Stream B does not appear to be significantly out of balance with published estimates of total ice accumulation within the present catchment basin.


BY VETTA L. SANDERS THOMPSON, Ph.D. Dr. Thompson is associate professor, Health Communication Research Laboratory, Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, Saint Louis University, St. Louis. Mi I easures of health status highlight disparities in the health of ethnic minorities compared to white Americans in the United States. For example, African-American, American Indian and Puerto Rican infants have higher mortality rates than those reported for white infants. African-Americans have higher rates of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. African-Americans and Hispanics represented only 26 percent of the U.S. population in 2001, yet they accounted for 66 percent of adult AIDS cases. Despite progress made in reducing the burden of cancer in the United States, disparities persist in how cancer affects different racial and ethnic groups.


s: The eleven soils collected from Daye city were used to investigate the relationship of the physiochemical properties and Cu2+adsorption. Results indicated that copper adsorption amount decreased with the order of calcareous soil paddy soil chao soil brown red soil. The adsorption amount of Cu2+was corresponding to the cation change capacity (CEC) of soils. At 5 mmol·L-1 addition concentration, the amount of Cu2+ adsorption (x) of soils and CEC were observed a positive straight line correlation as following equation: x = 2.018×CEC + 24.4 (r =0.7066)。Other physiochemical characteristics which affect CEC, such as pH, clay content and composition, organic matter, specific surface area, were factors controlling Cu2+adsorption.


Forest plantation valuation and quality: application in five plantations of Vochysia guatemalensis Donn. Sm. in the North and Caribbean Regions of Costa Rica. A forest plantation quality valuation was conducted in five Vochysia guatemalensis Donn. Sm. plantations in the North and Caribbean Regions of Costa Rica. An evaluation of tree diameter, tree height, stem and logs quality, crown position and phytosanitary state was conducted in each plantation following the methods described by Murillo (2000) and Murillo and Camacho (1998). Most of the plantations were graded as 2 or 3 quality. Acceptable phytosanitary state but unacceptable plantation quality with respect to steam straightness and degree of bifurcation was found for all plantations. The proposed indexes are very practical in assessing heterogeneous forest plantations quality with regards age and management.


Édouard Manet's life-size Portrait of Madame Brunet is a key work from the artist's early career, but it has yet to be the subject of a focused study. This essay, drawing on archival research and technical examination undertaken since the J. Paul Getty Museum acquired the painting in 2011, delves into lingering questions surrounding the identity of Madame Brunet, the portrait's initial genesis and reception, and its early material history.


State-owned energy utilities are an established part of the European energy landscape; well positioned to thrive in a liberalised and competitive environment due to inherent competitive advantages. However, they will need to improve their operating and financial efficiencies as energy liberalisation gains momentum and competition becomes more intense, writes Datamonitor Energy and Utilities Analyst David Niles.


Acetate is one of the major products of carbohydrate fermentation in the rumen. Pyruvate synthase, which catalyses the reductive carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to pyruvate, has been detected in photosynthetic (Evans & Buchanan, 1965 ; Evans, 1968) and anaerobic bacteria (Bachofen, Buchanan & Arnon, 1964; Andrew & Morris, 1967). Our object was to investigate the existence in rumen micro-organisms of pyruvate synthase, which would add to an understanding of metabolic utilization of acetate in the rumen.


In order to understand more exactly the kinetic of lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis and its possible roles in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) of BXSB mouse,the percentages of proliferative and apoptotic cells in splenic lymphocytes were detected by using double immunofluorescence technique In addition,the ability of macrophage engulfing apoptotic cells was also measured From the experimental results,it was found that the percentages of the cyclic CD4 +T cells and B cells in the spleen of the male lupus BXSB mice and female BXSB mice were significantly higher than those of control C57 mice,but their percentages of the apoptotic B cells in both two markedly lower than that of control C57 mice There was no difference of the index of macrophage engulfing apoptotic cell between BXSB mouse and C57 mouse It can be concluded that the lymphocyte proliferation abnormally speeds up and lymphocyte apoptosis notably slows down during the SLE development of BXSB mouse,consequently leading to splenomegaly,and the imbalance between lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis does not result from the inability of macrophage engulfing apoptotic cells,but from their intrinsic defects


This article analyzes the psychological factors of formation of emotional burnout as a form of costs of professional socialization personality in activity of socionomical type (on an example of the specialists working in sphere of trade). Methods: «Purpose-in-Life Test» (J. Karembeu, L. Maholik in adaptation of Leontiev D.A.); techniques «Diagnosis burnout syndrome» (C. Maslach, C. Jackson in adaptation of Vodopyanova N.E.) and «The survey of labor stress» (adapted Russian version Ch. Spielberger test JSS), methods of mathematical statistics (comparison and correlation analysis). It is shown that emotional burning violates the process of professional socialization personality. For experts of trading sphere irrespective of expressiveness of degree of emotional burnout, factors of infringement of professional socialization are what are connected with insufficiently effective organization of labor process. Specialists who have severe symptoms of burnout, focused on the present. The smaller are developed important goals in life, the stronger the depersonalization of the personality. When implementing activities socionomical type on formation of emotional burnout are influenced, both socially-psychological conditions of professional activity, and personality factors in which quality advocated orientations in the sense of life.


Pressure effects on F-center emission in KCl, KBr, KI, CsCl, CsBr, and CsI are observed under pressures ranging from 1 atm to 12 kbar at 1.6 K. In potassium halides the F-center emission shows a monotonic decrease with increasing pressure, while in cesium halides it shows an anomalous feature: It recovers and increases far beyond its value at 1 atm, after first decreasing at low pressures. These pressure effects observed at extremely low temperatures are considered to be due to dynamical nonradiative transitions, and can be explained by the Dexter-Klick-Russell mechanism in a one-dimensional configuration coordinate model under hydrostatic pressure.


The invention relates to the use of mixtures of one or several phosphoric acid esters of formula (I) with one or several amines of formula (II) as high-pressure additives in non-water miscible cooling lubricants, wherein the substituents have the meaning cited in the description.


"Since many years ago, it has been given a large importance to the concept of the Company's Social Responsability, several fields have been generated in order to determinate the topic postulations, also taking into account the value of the Sustainable Development as the fundamental axis of the balanced subsistence for the generations to come. In Colombia, this topic is treated with mentionable importance in large Companies of the private sector, but it has been disregarded in economic quadrants such as the Mining, which has high levels of illegality, and compose an important pillar of the national economy. Cundinamarca and Boyaca do not have the value that they deserve, and, as an example it can be mentioned the ""Cerrejon"" which was generated in a Mining Congress"


Turkey has 22,000 ha of greenhouse area, and about 51% of vegetable greenhouses are used for tomato production. In Mediterranean countries generally greenhouses are not regularly heated at optimal levels. Fruity vegetables in winter have a problem of insufficient pollination due to low temperatures and isolated atmosphere. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) pollination in tomato production in anti-frost heated greenhouses in the Mediterranean basin. Three fruit set applications, namely bumblebee, vibration and growth regulator, were used. Bumblebee pollination was compared to 2 other techniques that are commonly used in tomato greenhouses. The tomato varieties F 144, P 198, F 248 and Vivia were grown during the winter cultivation period. The heating system of the greenhouses was only used in the case of emergencies to maintain the temperature above 5 °C. The results showed that the bumblebee can be an efficient pollinator of tomato flowers in anti-frost heated greenhouses during winter in the Mediterranean basin. Bumblebee pollination increased the yield by 90% and 61% over vibration and growth regulator applications. Bumblebee pollinated tomato fruits were heavier than vibrated and growth regulator applied ones by 41% and 9%, respectively. In conclusion, bumblebee pollination should be used instead of growth regulators and vibration for increased yield and more marketable fruits.


Iconsidertheproblem oftheoptim allim itorderpriceofa (cid:12)nancialassetin thefram ework ofthe m axim ization ofthe utility function ofthe investor. The analyticalsolution ofthe problem gives insighton theorigin oftherecently em pirically observed powerlaw distribution oflim itorderprices. In the fram ework ofthe m odel,the m ost likely proxim ate cause ofthis power law is a power law heterogeneity oftraders'investm enttim e horizons.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the automated assembly technology at the Assembly and Automation Expo. While assembly is the feature show, it combines with manufacturing of electronics, plastics and medical devices at the same venue.Design/methodology/approach – In‐depth interviews with exhibitors of automated systems, system integrators as well as suppliers of related components motion elements, laser markers.Findings – Automated assembly continues to become more flexible, modular, as well as better suited for smaller lot orders and includes more real‐time inspection capabilities.Originality/value – The paper shows that new products to be assembled are driving those who provide automated assembly systems to create better solutions. These include solutions that are more cost‐effective, faster and include more quality assessment and tracking as part of the automation.


Three free radical scavengers were tested: sodium benzoate, propyl gallate and 3,4,5-trichlorophenol. One of the compounds, namely 3,4,5-trichlorophenol, was capable of prolonging the vase-life of carnations (Dianthus caryophylius L. cv. Ember). A delay in the appearance and a much lower intensity of the ethylene peak were associated with this positive effect on the morphology. Also the loss of membrane integrity, the breakdown of fatty acids of polar lipids and the massive production of peroxides occurred much later after treatment with 3,4,5-trichlorophenol than in the controls. Free radicals thus appear involved in the process of ageing in carnation petals, where they affect ethylene synthesis and where their action on lipids leads to the loss of membrane integrity. It is suggested that the peroxidation plays a fundamental role and that ethylene appears as a by-product of the senescence process rather than an initiating factor.


This paper studies how changes in value added tax rates affect the interactions between producers of differentiated products. The paper focuses on duopolists competing in international markets. The results show that, by and large, tax rate differentials lead to price discrimination against the low-tax countries. It is shown that market integration usually results in global welfare improvements. When transportation costs are significant, increasing the tax rate tends to increase the market share of domestic producers. However, this improvement in the competitive position of domestic producers cannot result, in general, in larger profits. Note: This paper draws on the first chapter of my Ph.D. Dissertation (U.C. Berkeley, 1987). I am grateful to Professors Pranab Bardhan, Thomas Rothenberg and Jeffrey Perloff for their support. Comments from Carmen Matutes and participants at the Fourteenth Annual Conference of the European Association for Research in Industrial Economics, August 30-September 1, 1987 (Madrid) have proved very useful. However, the usual disclaimer applies. Financial support from the Institute of International Studies (U.C. Berkeley) and from the Commission of the European Communities is also gratefully acknowledged. Second revision, June 1988. 1 Professor of Economics, IESE


In ancient Chinese history,shi officials and shi officials were very important.This text mainly introduces the original meaning of shi and shi in the aspect of philology and cultural history.Then we will find out how shi officials and shi officials were named. On the other hand,we also analyze the main titles in the two officials in the aspect of cultural history.


The invention discloses a method for gluing quantum dot films and the quantum dot films. The method comprises the steps of preparing one or more layers of quantum dot films from colloidal quantum dots, volatilizing solvents in the quantum dot films after the films are formed, and forming the quantum dot films which only contain the quantum dots; putting the quantum dot films into a vacuum plasma generation cavity; and introducing H2 into the vacuum plasma generation cavity, then transforming the H2 into H plasma and gluing the quantum dot films through the H plasma. The quantum dot films are glued by use of HHIC and the process is improved, so that the quantum dot films have better effects of solvent resistance and mechanical force. The method for gluing the quantum dot films by HHIC is short in elapsed time, low in condition requirements and free of a special requirement on a reactant; and no new material is generated. Furthermore, the films glued by HHIC are better than traditional films which are glued in a heating manner in stability, and the electrical properties of the films are not changed. The application range and the material selection range of a solution method can be expanded by HHIC.


There is a demand for reducing the cost of porting legacy code to di erent embedded platforms. One such system is the multicore system that allows higher performance with lower energy consumption a ...


The research area of enhancing creativity in educational settings is an area of growing interest (i.e. Fasko, 2000, Feldhusen & Goh, 1995; Sternberg & Lubart, 1991; Hennessey & Amabile, 1987; Guilford, 1967; Pithers & Soden, 2000). Creativity research has identified a number of environmental, situational and personal factors which affect an individual's ability to be creative (i.e. Mumford, 2003; Runco, 2004; Simonton, 2003). This paper reports upon a study which examines the effects of plants and the colour green upon visual and verbal creativity. Previous research has identified that creative thinking can be enhanced by situating individuals in natural settings (Atchley et al, 2012; Shibata & Suzuki, 2002) and that exposure to the colour green can also enhance creative performance (Litchenfeld et al, 2012). However, research into these areas has been sparse and to date has not been linked to the possible beneficial effects to be garnered in the classroom.

We report upon a pilot study concerned with the effect of exposure to live plants upon visual creativity. This study was undertaken with 36 business students who were randomly allocated to one of two conditions. The control group completed a visual creativity task in a classroom with no plants present and blinds drawn to block views to natural settings. The experimental group were placed in the same room but were surrounded by live plants. The room had large windows with a view to a green area. The level of creative thinking in the participant's work was assessed by three independent experts using a modified version of Amabile's Consensual Assessment Technique (Amabile, 1982). Findings indicate that participants in the experimental group achieved higher creativity scores than those in the control group. This suggests that live plants and views to natural settings have a positive effect on the ability to think creatively. To investigate this further another set of experiments were conducted to ascertain as far as possible the effects of plants and the colour green on both visual and verbal creativity in classroom settings. Results from these three experiments are currently being analysed.


This paper reflects on the real online classroom experiences of one instructor and instructional designer, and attempts to articulate how a constructivist perspective can go hand-inhand with a competency based model to make education more meaningful and relevant for students and educators. The paper offers a concept map for how learning takes place within this model, and examines the behaviors and practices of students and educators that best facilitate learning in a constructivist environment. In conclusion, this paper encourages all educators and instructional designers to keep finding new ways to actively encourage constructivist learning habits for our online students. This paper inspires us all to think beyond the banking theory of education, and to continue to help construct new meaning and knowledge for our educational institutions.


A new optimal algorithm to hierarchical control for large-scale systems with time-varying coefficients has been developed based on block pulse series (BPS). The presented approach avoid the complicated calculation and singular solution


. We prove that an infinite We (0,1) is an w-limit set for a continuous map / of [0,1] with zero topological entropy iff W = Qu P where Q is a Cantor set, and P is countable, disjoint from Q, dense in W if non-empty, and such that for any interval / contiguous to Q, card (J n P) < 1 if 0 or 1 is in J, and card (J n P) < 2 otherwise. Moreover, we prove a conjecture by A. N. Sarkovskii from 1967 that P can contain points from infinitely many orbits, and consequently, that the system of w-limit sets containing Q and contained in W, can be uncountable.


In this paper, electret based vibration energy harvesters are designed and fabricated with perforated electrode based on MEMS technology. Through-holes are distributed on the fixed electrode in the device to optimize the energy harvesting process. The effect of the holes on the output power of the device are analyzed and discussed both in the finite element method (FEM) simulation and the experiments. It can be noticed that the through-holes can effectively lower the squeeze-film air damping force on the moveable proof mass at the atmosphere. Therefore, the energy loss due to the air damping could be reduced, and the output power of the device increases. The effects of the hole diameter and numbers on the output power of our device are also investigated in detail. By optimizing the configuration of the holes, the perforated device with the hole diameter of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$400~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and depth of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$100~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> exhibits the highest power output at the low acceleration of 1.84 m/s2, which proves promising application for self-powered electronics in the future. [2020-0380]


Metal production in the southern Aegean dates back at least to the Final Neolithic (Coleman 1977, 3-4). Present evidence, however, suggests that during the ensuing Early Bronze Age (EBA: c. 3 millennium BC), production of copper, lead, and silver is attested in the Aegean on a large-scale – in the context of this period for the first time, supplying the metal for the majority of artefacts consumed in the region (Gale and Stos-Gale 2002; Stos-Gale and Gale 2003). Interestingly, for copper at least, this local production largely ceases in the following Bronze Age periods, a phenomenon supported both through lead isotope analysis and through archaeometallurgical fieldwork. This paucity of copper production is presently attributed to the limited scale of relevant southern Aegean, particularly Cycladic, mineralisations and their possible exhaustion at the end of the third millennium BC, coupled with availability of metal from elsewhere (Bassiakos and Tselios 2012).


A collection of quorums is called a coterie. The authors present an algorithm to construct coteries by composing existing coteries. The resulting coteries are called composite coteries. Several different measures may be used to analyze coteries. One of the most commonly used measures is availability. In general, it is difficult to directly compute the availability of coteries in a large system. An efficient method is described to compute the availability of composite coteries, even in a large system.<<ETX>>


We studied the effectiveness of treatment with AO-Mini external þxator in complete articular fractures of distal radius, type 23-C. Mat. and meth.: we were reviued 474 distal radius complete articular fractures treated with AO-Mini external þxator during 10 years. All of fractures were documented by de AOI sheets. We used de Classiþcation of long bones from M.E.MŸller because itns a global system of classiþcation. Results: in 474 fractures, 246 are females and 228 males. The age are between 15 to 94 years, and the age average 51n59 years (63n14 females, 38n84 males).212 fractures are located in the right wrist, and 262 in the left wrist. 14% (66 cases) were open fractures. Etiology: 19% Work,23% Trafþc,8% Sports,30% Home, 20% Others. The 15% of cases had pathological antecedents previously, 27% had local injuries associated and 28% had general injuries associated. 68% were operated for a Senior Surgeon, 61% with loco-regional anaesthesia, 33% were treated with antithrombotic prophilaxis, and 25% with anti...


A method of power quality real-time status diagnosis based on cloud model was proposed. The normal cloud model for each power quality index was established based on long-term power quality data of each monitoring point. The anomaly threshold determined by the normal cloud outline was used to diagnose the power quality status in the process of monitoring. This method can accurately identify the abnormal power quality status,and find out the potential issue of abnormal operation on the basis of long-term operation characteristics of the power grid. Practical engineering example proved the validity and practicality of the proposed method.


In the first part of my lecture, I will review information-geometric structures and highlight the important role of divergences. I will present a novel approach to canonical divergences which extends the classical definition and recovers, in particular, the well-known Kullback-Leibler divergence and its relation to the Fisher-Rao metric and the Amari-Chentsov tensor.
Divergences also play an important role within a geometric approach to complexity. This approach is based on the general understanding that the complexity of a system can be quantified as the extent to which it is more than the sum of its parts. In the second part of my lecture, I will motivate this approach and review corresponding work.
References:
1. N. Ay, S.I. Amari. A Novel Approach to Canonical Divergences within Information Geometry. Entropy (2015) 17: 8111-8129. doi:10.3390/e17127866.
2. N. Ay, J. Jost, H. V. Le, L. Schwachhofer. Information geometry. Ergebnisse der Mathematik und Ihrer Grenzgebiete/A Series of Modern Surveys in Mathematics, Springer 2017.
3. N. Ay. Information Geometry on Complexity and Stochastic Interaction. Entropy (2015) 17(4): 2432-2458. doi: 10.3390/e17042432.


Summary An excavation examined the surviving evidence for the Cleaven Dyke in an area threatened by a pipeline, immediately west of the present upstanding earthwork. No artefacts were found but soil analysis suggests a date not incompatible with the early first millennium AD.


Abstract A useful methodology for the synthesis of a number of 2-, 3- and 2,3-disubstituted deoxynojirimycin analogs is reported. It has been found that the epoxides in stereoselectively synthesized N-carboalkoxy-2,3-anhydro-1-deoxymannojirimycins (4 and 5) react with N-, S- and F- nucleophiles to give a mixture of gluco and altro products. The 3-azido altro compound (12b) yields the desired gluco derivative (40) by oxidation, in situ epimerization at C-3, followed by stereoselective reduction of the carbonyl group. The azido intermediate (12a) affords the 2,3-diazido gluco compound (51) by double inversion at C-3. Attempts have been made to understand the factors contributing to the opening of epoxides (4, 5 and 9) by different nucleophiles.


Although ramelteon has been examined as a relatively new therapeutic option for delirium prevention, current evidence to evaluate its efficacy is limited. We conducted an updated meta‐analysis and examine the reliability of existing evidence regarding the effect of ramelteon on delirium prevention in hospitalized patients. Seven major electronic databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of ramelteon in delirium prevention. Data were pooled using a frequentist‐restricted maximum‐likelihood random‐effects model. A trial sequential analysis was performed using relative risk reduction thresholds of 50%. The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium (reported as odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals). The secondary outcomes were the days of delirium, all‐cause mortality, and all‐cause discontinuation. Of 187 potentially eligible studies identified, 8 placebo‐controlled randomized controlled trials (n = 587) were included. This updated meta‐analysis showed that ramelteon was associated with lower odds of delirium occurrence than placebo (0.50; 0.29−0.86; I2 = 17.48%). In trial sequential analysis, the effect of ramelteon across the superiority boundary when using a relative risk reduction threshold ranging from 40% to 60%. In subgroup analyses, ramelteon compared with placebo was associated with lower odds of delirium occurrence in the elderly group (k = 5; 0.28; 0.09−0.85; I2 = 27.93%) and multiple dosage group (k = 5; 0.34; 0.14−0.82; I2 = 44.24%) but not in the non‐elderly and non‐multiple dosage groups. When considering surgical patients and medical patients separately, ramelteon showed a trend in the treatment of delirium prevention in both groups, while these findings were not statistically significant. No significant between‐group differences were found in the secondary outcomes. The current meta‐analysis provides updated and reliable evidence that ramelteon, in comparison with placebo, reduces the risk of delirium among hospitalized patients.


This presentation addresses the Water Quality Act of 1987 (WQA) as it pertains to National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for municipal separate storm sewers. Regulations are being prepared by EPA that will implement the intent of Congress. Key requirements of the WQA, likely requirements of regulations how the regulations might impact local governments (the 'bottom'), and cost implications are discussed.


I would argue that it isn't particularly surprising that Espath et al. (2013) can produce a more accurate simulation with a higher-order method. A similar result arises for rising thermal bubble experiments – anybody who has ever performed a Robert (1993) experiment can tell you that an extremely high grid resolution is needed for convergence with a second-order scheme, which is not required for a high-order scheme. This observation suggests that for the case of a turbidity current that p-refinement (a higher-order polynomial reconstruction) may be more computationally efficient than h-refinement (increasing the local mesh resolution).


The definition of a calibrated estimator of the finite population parameter which may be not population total is discussed. Some estimators of the ratio of two population totals and population covariance is presented.


An experiment was conducted to investigate the fishing performance of tubular pots for conger eel in South Korea according to the inclination angle on the seabed. The experiment was conducted in a water tank by setting the angle of the tubular pot at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60° with respect to the bottom level. When the landing angle of the pot was relatively low, conger eels searched for the bait and focused on where the bait smell was being released. Subsequently, conger eels entered the pot. Thus, for catching conger eels, it is advantageous for the bait to be placed at the entrance side while installing the pot. The highest fishing performance in terms of catch per unit effort (CPUE) was at an inclination angle of 15°. There was a significant difference between the CPUEs and the landing angle (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.009). The results of this study could be used to improve the efficiency of tubular pot operations for conger eels.


The result of the study of fish sauces quality which produced in Samut Songkram Province was up to the standard in 60.7 percent. Products from factories were more standardised than product from non-factory, that is 66.7 and 30.0 percent respectively. True fish sauces were less standardised than mixed fish sauces, that is 57.1 and 62.5 percent respectively. True fish sauces ratio of glutamic acid and total nitrogen were more than the standard level. Mixed fish sauces contained less total nitrogen than standard. Advice and training courses are necessary for producers to improve the production method. Quality control in factory and good manufacturing practice (GMP) will make confidence in safety for consumers.


and so would become trustees of the settlement in Blackacie. This interpretation only suggests itself because the wording of the section is inexact. The word ' settlement' is used in the Act to mean, in some places, the state of affairs that exists in certain land, in other places the instruments which create that state of affairs. The phrase ' trustees of a settlement means trustees of the settlement created by an instrument and not trustees of the instrument that creates the settlement. Trustees are only trustees of the instrument in so far as they have the right to hold the instrument. Therefore in section 31 the phrase ' trustees . . . of an instrument which is a settlement ' must mean trustees of the settlement which is created by an instrument. This question then arises: if one instrument creates two distinct settlements, as, for example, if the instrument settles two estates in different ways, does a person who is appointed trustee of one settlement become trustee of the other? Romer J. held in the present case that he does not. The intention of section 31 is that, if land is settled by one set of instruments and is later resettled by other instruments so that a compound settlement exists in the land, the trustees of the original settlement shall be trustees of the compound settlement. But it is not intended that if two distinct settlements are created by the same instrument the trustees of the one shall ipso facto be trustees of the other.


Objective We examined a dose of sesame peptide(KM-20)on changes of blood pressure (BP)in volunteers with either high normal blood pressure or GradeⅠ hypertension. Methods 55 subjects including 34 males and 21 females, whose averaged year was 52.3, were divided 4 groups: Group A was a control group, subjects with BP at 145.5╱88.0; Group B was 250 mg╱day(low-dose), subjects with BP at 144.4╱87.6; Group C was 500 mg╱day(middle-dose), subjects with BP at 145.4╱87.4; Group D was 1000 mg╱day(high-dose), subjects with BP at 149.0╱89.3. Each group was given 4 capsules by orally once a day for 12 weeks. The BP was monitored every three weeks. Results A result of analysis of systolic blood pressure, the Group D showed significant improvement compared with that in the Group A at week 12(P<0.05). On diastolic pressure, the Group D showed significant improvement compared with that in the Group A at week 6(P<0.05)and the Group C improved significantly comparing with the Group A at week 10(P<0.05). A result of stratified analysis of systolic blood pressure with subjects of GradeⅠ Hypertension, Group D showed significant improvement compared with that in the Group A at week 12(P<0.05); on diastolic pressure, the Group D improved significantly comparing with the Group A at week 6(P<0.05). Discussion These results suggested that Sesame peptide(KM-20)would be useful for controlling BP in subjects with high normal blood pressure or GradeⅠ hypertension. Ile-Val-Tyr (IVY), an ingredient concerning to reduce blood pressure, is contained 300μg╱500 mg in sesame peptide(KM-20). Conclusion The optimum dose of sesame peptide(KM︱20)would be a dose either 500 or 1000 mg╱day from this report.


Objective: This EnligHTN I nonrandomized substudy investigated the effect of multielectrode renal denervation (RDN) on cardiac and neurohumoral adaptations. Methods: Eighteen patients with true drug-resistant hypertension [age: 56 ± 10 years, 12 men, BMI: 33.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2, office blood pressure (BP) by automatic device (Omron): 182 ± 19/97 ± 18 mmHg and ambulatory BP (Spacelabs): 153 ± 16/87 ± 15 mmHg receiving 4.5 antihypertensive drugs/day] and left ventricular hypertrophy underwent multielectrode RDN (EnligHTN system; St. Jude Medical), whereas 10 patients served as controls. Both groups were followed-up for 6 months. Results: Demographic data were homogenous between both patient groups. In addition to reduction of office (−42/−17 mmHg, P < 0.001) and ambulatory (−19/−9 mmHg, P < 0.001) BP, RDN contributed to attenuation of left ventricular mass index from 140.0 ± 17.0 g/m2 (57.9 ± 7.9 g/m2.7) to 126.7 ± 19.2 g/m2 (52.6 ± 8.4 g/m2.7) (P < 0.01 for both) and left atrial diameter from 42.4 ± 4.3 to 40.6 ± 3.6 mm (P = 0.004) at 6 months. Up to 56% of the RDN-group patients achieved a target of less than 140/90 mmHg in the office BP; proportion of RDN-group patients with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy had decreased by 39%; mitral lateral E/E′ ratio decreased from 14.8 ± 6.1 to 12.0 ± 3.2 (P = 0.016); isovolumic relaxation time shortened from 109.8 ± 16.2 to 100.8 ± 17.1 ms (P = 0.003); and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide levels reduced from 84.9 ± 35.9 to 57.2 ± 38.8 pg/ml (P < 0.001) significantly at 6 months post-RDN. Control patients exhibited no significant changes in all the above parameters (P > 0.05) at 6 months. Conclusion: Multielectrode RDN contributes to improvement of diastolic dysfunction, reduction of left ventricular mass and attenuation of NT-proBNP, suggesting additional cardiovascular benefits in drug-resistant hypertension associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.


China and India are heavily dependent on high-carbon fossil fuels. This article elaborates the implications of low-carbon energy transitions in the two countries, which can mitigate their serious contribution to climate change while allowing economic growth. Three modelling case studies are presented: for the Chinese power sector, the economy of Beijing and rural Indian households without access to electricity. They demonstrate a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and energy use, while costs are likely to increase. Financial assistance and technology transfer will be needed to support their efforts towards a climate-friendly low-carbon economy.


. In traditional crowd simulation methods, global path planning (GPP) and local collision avoidance (LCA) were mostly used to advance pedestrians toward their own goals without colliding. However, we found that using those methods in bidirectional flows can force a pedestrian to get stuck among the incoming people, walk through the congestion, or even unintentionally occupy in a dense area, although more comfortable passageway exists. These odd behaviors are usually produced and simply noticeable in bidirectional case. This paper aims at reducing these artifacts to achieve more behavioral fidelity, by adding the explicit metabolic-energy-minimal short-term path planning (MEM) in between GPP and LCA. For energy analysis, the optimal control theory with the objective energy function from the study of biomechanics was employed, which finally leads to the useful optimal walking characteristics for the pedestrians. The simulation results show that the pedestrians with MEM can adapt their moving to avoid the congestion, resulting in more promising lane changing and overtaking behaviors. Even though MEM was mainly developed to deal with the artifacts in bidirectional flows, it can be extended with a little modification and can produce significant behavioral improvement for multi-directional case as shown in the last part of the paper.


ABSTRACT ICESat (The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite)-2, as the new generation of NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)'s ICESat mission, had been successfully launched in September 2018. The sensor onboard the satellite is a newly designed photon counting LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) system for the first time used in space. From the currently released airborne simulation data, it can be seen that there exist numerous noise photons scattering from the atmosphere to even below the ground, especially for the vegetation areas. Therefore, relevant research on methods to distinguish the signal photons effectively is crucial for further forestry applications. In this paper, a machine learning based approach was proposed to detect the potential signal photons from 14 MATLAS datasets across 3 sites in the USA. We found that k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbour) distance and the reachability of the photon towards the nearby signal centre showed good stability and contributed to a robust model establishment. The relevant quantitative assessment demonstrated that the machine learning approach could achieve high detection accuracy over 85% based on a very limited number of samples even in rough terrain conditions. Further analysis proved the potential of model transferability across different sites.


The paper deals with the effect of different shot peening (SP) treatment conditions on the ENAW 7075-T651 aluminium alloy. Suitable residual stress profile increases the applicability and life cycle of mechanical parts, treated by shot peening. The objective of the research was to establish the optimal parameters of the shot peening treatment of the aluminium alloy in different precipitation hardened states with regard to residual stress profiles in dynamic loading. Main deformations and main residual stresses were calculated on the basis of electrical resistance. The resulting residual stress profiles reveal that stresses throughout the thin surface layer of all shot peened specimens are of compressive nature. The differences can be observed in the depth of shot peening and the profile of compressive residual stresses. Under all treatment conditions, the obtained maximum value of compressive residual stress ranges between -200 MPa and -300 MPa at a depth between 250 μm and 300 μm. Comparison of different temperature-hardened aluminium alloys shows that changes in the Almen intensity values have greater effect than coverage in the depth and profile of compressive residual stresses. Positive stress ratio of R=0.1 was selected. Wöhler curves were determined in the areas of maximum bending loads between 30 - 65 % of material's tensile strength, measured at thinner cross-sections of individual specimens. The results of material fatigue testing differ from the level of shot peening on the surface layer.


The descending order of toxicity of insecticide mixtures together with LC50 values in parentheses was ducord (0.1013) > virat (0.1190) > anaconda (0.1373) > nurelle D (0.1435). po1ytrin C (0.2213) > nagata (0.2240) > spark (0.2455):> koranda (0.3523). The time of observation had little impact on the mortality and suggested observation could be taken at 24 hrs after treatment. Thus use of insecticide mixtures having either cypermethrin or alphamethrin with chlorpyriphos or quina1phos as their components could be best utilized to avoid or delay the development of resistance and control of the pest under field conditions.


Abstract The paper illustrates the results of an archaeometric project on the raw material characterization of some collections of prehistoric polished stone tools, dated from the Early Neolithic to the Bronze Age, from sites located in Northern Italy. The petrographic analyses (surface and thin-section microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence, atomic absorption spectrometry) revealed a raw material circulation network involving the whole of Northern Italy. Here occur the outcrops of high-pressure (HP) meta-ophiolites, which were widely utilized from the Early Neolithic onwards for the manufacture of polished cutting-edged tools, which are represented by axes, adzes and chisels. Other raw materials, such as serpentinites, seem to have been preferred for the production of other types of artefacts, including stone rings used as bracelets. The analyses revealed that the prehistoric polished stone artefacts were made from uncommon lithologies such as Alpine eclogites, jades and other HP meta-ophiolites. These rocks were exploited from primary and secondary sources, mainly located in Piedmont, the Aosta Valley and Liguria. During the Neolithic these lithologies are the dominant raw material for the polished stone tools in Northern Italy and southeastern France. In the same period, in other European countries the same lithologies occur less frequently as axe or adze blades; in NW Europe they were frequently used for manufacturing long ceremonial axes, which have a typology that does not appear to belong to the Italian tradition.


As a basic testing element, the thermocouples are widely used in the safety and energy efficiency testing of the electronic and electrical products, new energy products and so on. The accuracy of all thermocouples can't be assured for they are mostly calibrated by sampling. In view of this situation, an efficient and convenient method for the intermediate check of the thermocouple is proposed in this paper. Taking 0 degree and 100 degree which can be easily obtained in the nature as the reference standard temperature, the deviation of the testing thermocouples and the reference standard temperature can be determined and the qualification rate of the thermocouples can be obtained. This method can promote the quality control of the laboratory.


Thank you for reading physics for geologists. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this physics for geologists, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their laptop. physics for geologists is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the physics for geologists is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Writing about a century after the events he was describing, John Hooker, the city's distinguished Elizabethan Chamberlain, stated that the order was given to rebuild the hall in 1466.


Financial health of nonprofit sector, as a third sector of each economy, is the least developed one. Since nonprofit organizations are registered at various country levels in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is no one central register and it is very difficult to discuss about an organized nonprofit sector. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the sector's financial distress by using financial ratios. The sample includes 215 nonprofit organizations registered with the Ministry of Justice of BiH, which submitted financial statements for 2015, 2016, and 2017. Current, quick, and days of cash on hand ratios were calculated and descriptive analysis was conducted. The results show that there was no significant development in size of organizations throughout the three-year period. They also show large variations between top and bottom 50 organizations through all ratio calculations, meaning that the country has both extremely developed and undeveloped examples. Bottom 50 organizations experienced progress, while top 50 experienced the opposite. Study also portrays distress by organizational size and shows variations in results through the three-year period.


Background: Business ethics is the doorbell in management literature and for business houses today. The essence of human values is quite pertinent for long term sustenance of organizations. Understanding business ethics and its relevance in recent times is the most calling global challenge across organizations. The objective of the study is to explore and investigate the prominent domains and items that may be considered on the relevance, applicability and rationale of business ethics viz. Domain A: Employee Goals for Business Ethics, Domain B: Diversity Management, Domain C: Entity Value on Decision making, Domain D: Legal Perspectives of Business, E: Diversified Ethics with Gender Differentiation. The paper ultimately aims towards developing a scale for finding conclusive remarks in certain identifiable areas within the field of Business Ethics. The main source of conceptualizing the domains is formulated with related literature and the Experts opinion comprising both academicians and practicing managers in the industry in Kolkata as well as across the country through primary and secondary


PART I: THE BULK OF THE BOOK CONSISTS OF A JANUARY-DECEMBER LISTING, DIVIDED BY MONTH AND THEN BY DAY. EACH MONTH BEGINS WITH INFORMATION, FOR EXAMPLE ETYMOLOGY OF THE NAME AND QUOTATIONS, DEALING WITH THE MONTH IN GENERAL, AND EACH DAY CONTAINS INFORMATION ON HOLIDAYS AND ANNIVERSARIES, SAINTS AND THEIR LEGENDS, HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL CUSTOMS, AND RELEVANT QUOTATIONS FROM HISTORICAL AND MODERN TEXTS. PART I ENDS WITH A DISCUSSION OF SEASONS, MONTHS, TERMS, WEEKS, AND DAYS IN GENERAL, A SECTION ON THE WESTERN CHURCH AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH YEARS, AND FINALLY SECULAR HOLIDAYS NOT TIED TO A SPECIFIC DAY (E.G. THANKSGIVING). PART II: A MORE TECHNICAL SECTION ON CALENDARS, THROUGHOUT HISTORY AND ACROSS THE WORLD, AND CHRONOLOGY, INCLUDING COMPUTUS.


When educators consider 'student behaviour', they usually think about 'problem behaviour' such as disruption or defiance. This limited and limiting view of 'student behaviour' not only fails to acknowledge children as educational actors in a wider sense, but also narrowly positions educators as either in control or out of control of their classroom. Mainstream educational psychology's responses to 'challenging behaviour' point educators to numerous ways to prevent its occurrence, through, for example, changing their disciplining approaches and techniques. However, much of the advice directed at improving student behaviour fails to interrogate the core notion of 'student behaviour' itself, as well as the conceptual baggage that it carries. The focus is squarely on eliminating 'problem behaviour' and often resorts to a pathologisation of students. Meanwhile, when considering 'student behaviour' through a Foucauldian post-structuralist optic, behaviour emerges as something highly complex – as spatialised, embodied action within/against governing discourses. In this opening up, it becomes both possible and critical to defamiliarise oneself with the categorisation of 'challenging behaviour' and to interrogate the discourses and subject positionings at play. In this paper, we pursue this task by asking: what happens with the notion of 'behaviour' if we change focus from 'fixing problems' to looking at the discursive constitution of 'learner subjectivities'? What does it become possible to see, think, feel and do? In this exploration, we theorise 'behaviour' as learning and illustrate the constitution of 'learner subjectivities'. Drawing on two case scenarios, we explore how children accomplish themselves as learners and how this accomplishment links the production of subjectivity and embodied action, and illustrate how 'student/child behaviour' appears significantly different to what mainstream educational psychology would have us see.


Fifty two hybrids were generated from crossing four CMS lines and thirteen restorer lines in line x tester design. Crosses along with parents were evaluated for yield and yield component traits during rabi, 2011 at RARS, Jagtial, Andhra Pradesh. Predominance of non additive gene action was recorded for all the characters. Among CMS lines APMS 9A and APMS 10A and in testers viz., MTU II-110-9-1-1-1-1, MTU II -187-6-1-1, MTU II-143-26-2, MTU II-290-42-1 and MTU II-283-7-1-1 were found to be good general combiners for grain yield and yield component traits. The crosses APMS 10A x MTU II-290-42-1, APMS 6A x MTU II -187-6-1-1 and PMS 6A x MTU II-110-9-1-1-1-1 were identified as most promising hybrids for grain yield plant-1. These hybrids can be tested over locations before their commercial cultivation.


The PS accelerator (Proton-Synchrotron) at CERN, which is part of the LHC injector chain, is composed of one hundred magnets connected in series. During a typical acceleration cycle (taking 2.4 seconds), the active power at the magnet terminals varies from plus to minus 40 MW. As this large active power variation was not acceptable to the electrical network, a motor-generator set (M-G) was inserted between the grid and the load. The M-G set (of 1968) acts as a fly-wheel with a stored kinetic energy of 233 MJ and the magnets are fed via two 12-pulse thyristor rectifiers. A renovation or replacement of the installation is planned in the near future as part of the consolidation of the LHC injectors to avoid any major breakdown, to improve overall availability and to reduce operation and maintenance costs. This paper presents a first comparison of technical solutions available to build such a power system and the strategy that will be applied for the up-grade of the system.


Background: In public health and epidemiologic studies, cancer mortality rates are an extremely important tool for preventing, controlling, effective screening and cure of the disease. This study aimed at recognizing the high risk gastrointestinal cancer mortality regions of Kurdistan province in the west of Iran.
 Material and methods: In this longitudinal descriptive study, the gastrointestinal cancer mortality data recorded between 2005 and 2010 in Kurdistan province were analyzed through appropriate methods at 0.05 level of significance. The relationship between variables was checked through Poisson regression and using indirect comparison methods, the high risk regions of the province were identified using GIS software.
 Findings: The common gastrointestinal cancers in Kurdistan province were stomach cancer with 1,700 cases (55.3%), liver and biliary cancer with 581 cases (18.9%), oesophageal cancer with 402 cases (13.1%), small intestine cancer with 106 cases (6%), colon cancer with 180 cases (5.9%), lips, mouth and throat cancers with 24 cases (0.8%) and rectal and rectosigmoid cancer with 3 cases (0.1%). The result of Poisson regression model showed gastrointestinal cancer death risk among men was 1.53 times as much as among women and in rural areas it was 1.13 times as much as in urban areas. Divandare, Ghorve, Saghez, and Bijar were in order the highest risk cities in the province.
 Conclusions: Identifying the high risk regions of the province, measures, such as awareness raising and encouraging people to adopt healthier life styles especially correcting food habits, should be taken to help decrease the gastrointestinal cancer mortalities.


To determine the nature of educational services you need to understand the notion education. There are two approaches for this term. The base for educational services is the structured information, received from the experiences of past generations. Educational services may be the elements of more complex products of economical activity educational programs. Paid and free education: pro et contra.


Measurements of HONO and CH4 at 8 μm Xiaojuan Cui, Wenqing Liu, Eric Fertein, Cécile Coeur, Dorothee Dewaele, Fabrice Cazier, Yujun Zhang, Fengzhong Dong, Weidong Chen Laboratory of Atmospheric Physical Chemistry, University of the Littoral Opal Coast 189 Av. Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France Anhui Institute of Optics & Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China Joint Center for Measurement, University of the Littoral Opal Coast, 145, Av. Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France


The objective of this study was to analyze the color distribution of the maxillary primary central incisors and the relationship between the color of each tooth region by dividing tooth into incisal, middle and cervical region using a spectrophotometer. The subjects were 105 sound maxillary primary central incisors from 3 to 6 years old children. Color measurements were performed by one dentist using same protocol. CIE L* , a*, b*, C*, h* data and the best matched shades with coverage error were obtained for each region and whole labial surface. There was a significant difference in CIE L* , a*, b* according to regions and the difference in color between each region was more than the clinical acceptance. By correlating the relationship between the color of each region with L* , a*, b* values, it is possible to extrapolate the color of other region with one color or to be used as data for making restorative materials and prostheses that are more aesthetically pleasing for primary teeth.


Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries in the world, and as with almost all developing countries, agriculture and related industries are very important. One of the largest industries in Bangladesh is the jute industry, in which almost 1.5 million people are active. Historically, jute was the main foreign exchange earner and its contribution to the
national economy is still significant. In the 1950s and 60s, almost 80% of the world's jute was produced in Bangladesh. Due to several setbacks and the introduction of, often
cheaper, substitutes the market declined and jute started to lose its dominant position. In 2000, 5% of all exports from Bangladesh consisted of jute. This figure decreased to
3% in 2004, while the world market for jute products is slowly increasing again. This gives reason for PROGRESS, which focuses on the development of Small and Medium
Sized Enterprises (SME's) in Bangladesh, to look into the jute market. The last years the diversified jute products (JDPs) is an increasing market and offers potential, also for Bangladesh. For PROGRESS, this is an interesting market and therefore it wants to look into this market to see where possible interventions can help develop this market further.
Based on this, the problem formulation for this research is: What are the market opportunities in Europe for the Bangladeshi Jute Diversified Products (JDP) industry and
how should PROGRESS support this industry to take advantage of these opportunities? To answer this question, the research is divided into five sub questions that each answers a part of the problem formulation. The first area of interest is the assessment of the target market. In this research the European market and especially Western Europe is analyzed, based on secondary data. Second area is the strengths and weaknesses analysis of the Bangladeshi JDP industry, followed by the formulation of market opportunities based on the analysis of the Bangladeshi JDP industry and the European market. Fourth, the export potential of Bangladeshi JDPs is determined, and finally interventions were defined that are useful to PROGRESS with regard to this market. All of these sub questions are supported by models and theories.


This paper proposes a method to calculate the angular frequency of a wind turbine by using Artificial Vision techniques. For a given video in which several wind turbines appear, the set of frames that compose it are taken out. Then, a certain frame is analyzed to determine the wind turbines presented in the image. To deal with that, a preprocessing is carried out in order to improve the image contrast. Applying several filters, main regions of the image are emphasized remaining those ones which present a linear shape. They are identified as potential towers. Next, a rectangular region is defined in the upper area of the rotor. For this region, the number of white pixels is computed for every frame of the video. Maximum values correspond with blade sweeping that allow us to compute the angular frequency.


A digital signature is essential for verifying people's reliability and data integrity over networks and is used in web server certificates, authentication, and blockchain technologies. Specifically, to solve the bitcoin scalability problem, Multi-Signature (MS) schemes have recently attracted attention because the MS's aggregate algorithm can reduce the amount of signature data in transactions. While such schemes support only a single message signing, Interactive Aggregate Signatures (IAS) and Aggregate Multi-Signature Protocol (AMSP) support signing of multiple messages. However, there are some issues with these schemes, for example, key aggregation is unavailable. In this paper, we propose a key aggregatable IAS scheme called KAIAS that can sign multiple messages with key aggregation. In terms of cases using Multi-Signature, previous studies have mainly discussed the benefits of reducing the size of signatures. On the other hand, we also propose a practical application of KAIAS that leverages its benefits in aggregating both signatures and public keys with a low computing cost for verification.


This note is a continuation of our papers [1,2], devoted to $L$-approximation of characteristic function of $(-h, h)$ by trigonometric polynomials. In the paper [1] the sharp values of the best approximation for the special values of $h$ were found. In [2] we gave the complete solution of the problem for arbitrary values of $h$. In general case [2] the situation is more deep and results are not so simple as in [1]. For applications to the problem of optimal constants in the Jackson-type inequalities we need, however, results on $L$-approximation of $B$-splines and linear combinations of $B$-splines. Here we present some simple results about $L$-approximation of $B$-splines as well as give the the proof of its sharpness for the special values of $h$.


Repowering fossil fuel power plants has been considered to increase power output and reduce emissions at low cost and short outage periods. Besat is one of the oldest power plants in Iran which is located in south of Tehran. Besat net power output has been decreased about 19 percent, and its repowering is inevitable. As one of the most important parameters of repowering, size and type of the gas turbine is considered and Feedwater repowering schemes have been analyzed using thermodynamic simulations. The objective is evaluating the efficiency increase of the overall system, and also total power output. It seems that selection of gas turbine is directly dependent on the purpose of repowering. Results highlight the repowering as a suitable technology to reduce heat rate and increase total power output. It could help to increase power plant ability, in a short time and in a cost-effective manner. Key-Words: Repowering, Feed-water heaters, Power plant, Heat rate, Gas turbine


The nexus between tourism and economic growth has been debated whether tourism contributes to the growth of economies (tourismled economic growth) or it is impacted by growth of the economies (economic-driven tourism growth). This paper examines the impact of tourism on economic growth of Malaysia and Singapore. Two control variables, international trade and exchange rate are included in the model to enhance the specification. The results suggest that economic-driven tourism growth hypothesis is supported in Malaysia while tourism-led economic growth hypothesis has been identified for Singapore. Moreover, maintaining a competitive exchange rate is vital to improve the tourism and economic growth.


The main purpose of this report is to provide useful cross-country data on public and private pension systems. It updates and expands on earlier work. This report also provides a superficial analysis of the observed patterns of pension provision. Important relationships between key pension indicators and country characteristics are highlighted. In some cases, statistical relationships presented in earlier work are re-estimated using more recent data and expanded samples. Finally, the primary sources for most of the materials are documented. Section one gives introduction. Section two draws upon demographic projections by the World Bank population division. They cover the period until 2040. The third section presents the global trend on pension provisions in the world, while the fourth section takes a regional perspective. The annex provides demographic projections for individual countries.


Nanoimprint lithography is the simple method using stamp and UV or thermal curable resins for nano-structures/patterns with low cost, high-throughput, and high resolution. Residual-layer free NIL provides good performance of micro/nano-scale structures functional arrangements with 2/3D layouts. We demonstrated nanohole patterns of 200 nm pore size using residual-layer-free NIL without further process for removing residual layers for reflectance biosensor. The reflectance peaks of gold substrate are enhanced to 8 times using the hexagonal hole patterns of diameter 200 nm, and pitch 400 nm. So, this substrate can be applied for immune reflectance biosensor with magnetic nanoparticles for pre-treatment.


The observed phenomena in the actual sound environment are inevitably contaminated by the additional external noise of arbitrary distribution type. Furthermore, the actual stochastic process shows various types of linear and non-linear time transition forms and can not be exactly expressed only by the simple models smoothing the fluctuation pattern of time series data. In this study, a digital filter for estimating a specific signal under the existence of an external noise with various kinds of probability distribution forms is proposed especially by introducing a system model of transition probability type. The effectiveness of the proposed theoretical method is experimentally confirmed by applying it to the actual estimation problem of the sound environment.


Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified >20 new loci associated with the susceptibility to psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) risk. We investigated the association of PsV and its main clinical subphenotypes with 32 loci having previous genome-wide evidence of association with PsV (P < 5e-8) or strong GWAS evidence (P < 5e-5 in discovery and P < 0.05 in replication sample) in a large cohort of PsV patients (n = 2005) and controls (n = 1497). We provide the first independent replication for COG6 (P = 0.00079) and SERPINB8 (P = 0.048) loci with PsV. In those patients having developed psoriatic arthritis (n = 955), we found, for the first time, a strong association with IFIH1 (P = 0.013). Analyses of clinically relevant PsV subtypes yielded a significant association of severity of cutaneous disease with variation at LCE3D locus (P = 0.0005) in PsV and nail involvement with IL1RN in purely cutaneous psoriasis (PsC, P = 0.007). In an exploratory analysis of epistasis, we replicated the previously described HLA-C-ERAP1 interaction with PsC. Our findings show that common genetic variants associated with a complex phenotype like PsV influence different subphenotypes of high clinical relevance.


We show, by solving the linearized Vlasov equations, that in the presence of an attractive density-dependent vector, or tensor, mean field potential, under a portion of the spinodal unstable phase region where the attractions among the quarks are more dominant, the transverse modes, i.e., the fluctuations of the current densities perpendicular to the wave vector, are activated due to relativity. In particular, the current densities in both the transverse directions oscillate with the same frequency, indicating the existence of the spontaneous rotations of the dense clusters. These rotating clusters would certainly create a local vortical flow field which, according to chiral (or spin) vortical effect, leads to the macroscopic separation of the axial charges or spins due to the spin-orbital interactions. Hence, for the first time, the connection between the axial charge or spin in-homogeneity and the first-order phase transition is proposed.


It was studied on effect of extracts from three kinds of medical Chinese Chongcha (a drink similar tea made from some excrements of insects in China) and their original plants on some microorganisms. The results showed that: The extract from complicated Chinese Sanye Chongcha could inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, strongly, and could stimulate Lactobacillus burglaricus . The pure Sanye Chongcha could stimulate Lactobacillus burglaricus , and inhibit Staphylococcus aureus strongly. The extract from Huaxiang Chongcha, green tea and Sanye Haichang (the original plant of Sanye Chongcha , i. e Malus sieboldii )could inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, but could not stimulate Lactobacillus burglaricus . That from Chansha (Chinese name of excrement of silkworm) could not inhibit the tested microbes, but could a little stimulate Lactobacillus burglaricus . The ability of antibacteria could increase with the concentration increasing.


This paper analyses the prospects for sanitation based upon its management model as well as in its interface with the area of hydric resources. Two alternative scenarios are considered in this analysis. In the first scenario there are neither institutional nor legal changes in the current model of sanitation management. The second scenario assumes the approval of the Law Project number 4.147/2001, which stablishes national guidelines for sanitation and sets the collaboration of ANA - Agencia Nacional de Aguas - in this area. The paper shows that there are limits for a new management model in both cases.


In recent years,as more and more domestic IT companies emerging,competition within the industry gradually intensified,and the core resource of IT industry is the senior programmer who masters the core technology in the organization.At present,the number of IT staff that can master core technology in our country is far from enough,thus the competition for these talents is more and more drastic,which gives more choosing space for these staff.Because of the increasing opportunities,the reliability of the staff commitment is decreasing,and the staff become more possible to divulge company secrets.Therefore,it is important to study the control of frequent core technology divulgence by professional commitment.


A molecular approach was used to genetically characterize 5 species (Aoruroides queenslandensis, Blattophila sphaerolaima, Cordonicola gibsoni, Desmicola ornata and Leidynemella fusiformis) belonging to the superfamily Thelastomatoidea (Nematoda: Oxyurida), a group of pinworms that parasitizes terrestrial arthropods. The D3 domain of the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA (LSU) was sequenced for individual specimens, and the analysis of the sequence data allowed the genetic relationships of the 5 species to be studiedNucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank®, EMBL and DDBJ databases under the Accession numbers: AM232755–AM232763.. The sequence variation in the D3 domain within individual species (0–1·8%) was significantly less than the differences among species (4·3–12·4%). Phylogenetic analyses, using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and neighbour-joining, tree-building methods, established relationships among the 5 species of Thelastomatoidea and Oxyuris equi (a species of the order Oxyurida). The molecular approach employed provides the prospect for developing DNA tools for the specific identification of the Thelastomatoidea, irrespective of developmental stage and sex, as a basis for systematic, ecological and/or population genetic investigations of members within this superfamily.


From the management practice and research status of perceived overqualification, knowledge sharing is introduced as an intermediary variable, this paper construct a theoretical model of perceived overqualification, knowledge sharing and team performance , focusing on the effect of employee perceived overqualified on team performance, aims to uncover the "black-box" mechanism of perceived overqualified affect team performance.Through empirical analysis found that (1) perceived overqualification positively influences task performance of the teams, (2) perceived overqualification does not obviously influence growing performance of the teams, (3) perceived overqualification positively influences knowledge sharing of the teams, and (4) knowledge sharing partially mediates the effects of perceived overqualification on team task performance. Therefore, the enterprises should hold a thorough understanding of positive and negative effects of perceived overqualification. Finally, it is suggested that enterprises take appropriate human resources approaches to promote knowledge sharing and team performance. Keywords—Perceived overqualification; Knowledge sharing;


The crude oil production in U.S. has decreased down to 6.78mil.b/d in 2008 after reaching the peak of 9.37mil.b/d in 1972. However, it's production has increased again to 11.64mil.b/d in 2014 due to the resilient tight oil production. For the abundant resources potential and phenomenal technological advance related to shale resources, the world tight oil production would be continued increasing from 3.5mil.b/d in 2013 to 8mil.b/d in 2030, and producing countries also be extended from U.S. & Canada, to the outside of North American countries. This growth of the global tight oil production works as the main cause to lower the current oil price, and can be the main factor also, to stabilize the price in long term bases.


This book deals with the disappearance and replacement of the word lesbian ('lesbisk') in the Swedish language by the word dyke ('flata'). It also discusses heterosexism and heteronormativity in the women's movement in Sweden.


Germinated soybean (GS) cultivated with Cordyceps militaris (GSC) might be a promising efficacious source of novel bioactive compounds. In this study, the metabolome changes between GS and GSC were investigated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis coupled with a multivariate data set. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) of GSC clearly showed higher levels of soyasaponin Bd, soyasaponin Bc(II), daidzein, genistein, four isoflavones (compounds 1-4), glycerol, proline, glutamine, pentitol, fructose, inositol, octadecanoic acid, and sucrose together with lower levels of pyroglutamic acid, citric acid, histidine, and palmitic acid in GSC than in GS. The structures of compounds 1-4 were analyzed by mass and NMR spectroscopy and were determined to be novel isoflavone methyl-glycosides (daidzein 7-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate (1), glycitein 7-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate (2), genistein 7-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate (3), and genistein 4'-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate (4)). Multivariate statistical models showed that metabolic changes of GSC were maximal within 1 week after the C. militaris inoculation, consistent with the strongest antioxidant activity of GSC cultivated for 1 week. This metabolomics study provides valuable information in regard to optimizing the cultivation process for bioactive compound production and describes an efficient way to screen for novel bioactive compounds from GSC.


This paper presents an intersection access management methodology that optimizes the crossing sequence of an automated intersection, where the low-level vehicle control is performed by a cooperative intersection control (CIC) strategy. While the CIC regulates the safe and efficient relative motion of vehicles in the intersection, a high-level hybrid queuing model is proposed to describe the dynamics of the vehicle queues associated to each intersection lane. This model, including constraints, is used to design an optimal access management approach based on the model predictive control that minimizes the time that the vehicles spend within the intersection, thereby optimizing the traffic throughput of the intersection. The performance of this methodology is studied by means of two representative examples. The impact of the design parameters of the optimal access management approach is shown for a T-intersection case study. Moreover, using a real-life five lane intersection case study, the proposed approach is compared to a vehicle-actuated traffic light approach, and a first come first served approach. The comparison shows the benefits of the automated optimal serving of vehicles from different lanes.


Abstract This review assembles the results of studies out in my laboratory and related to nucleophilic substitutions and cyclization reactions involving unsaturated and functionalized phenylsele-nides. Three modes of activation of the phenylselanyl group were used. The halogen treatment has produced dihalo adducts whose decomposition has led to various halogenated unsaturated and functionalized structures, sometimes with rearrangement. The PhSe+ activation was involved during the selenium-induced cyclization of homoallylic amines, allowing the formation of β-halopyrrolidines. The synthesis of aziridines was achieved, for the first time, through the intermediate formation of β-amino methylselenoniurn salts. Br+ and PhSe+ activations have also allowed the preparation of these azahetorocycles.


Seismic full waveform inversion (waveform tomography) is a method to reconstruct the underground velocity field in high resolution using seismic data. The method was first introduced during the 198 ...


In the context of growing ergonomic concerns and pressing competition on the market, designing machines and vehicles offering a better operator comfort has become a major trend in development of heavy-duty machines and vehicles. During the ride over the rough terrain, the cab is subjected to excitations in the form of low frequency and high-amplitude vibration. This study investigates the vibration reduction strategy whereby the machine structure should incorporate an active suspension of the cab. An actuating mechanism is incorporated, connected to the machine frame and the cab, and placed in between. The main system component is a mobile platform to which the cab is attached. Respective drives set in motion the passive links in the actuating mechanism. The drives are equipped with cylinders capturing the instantaneous velocities derived in the control sub-system. The machine frame, subjected to kinematic excitations, performs a movement in space, which has to be measured with a set of sensors to support the control process. Basing on the measured movements of the machine frame, the control sub-system calculates the realtime values of the anticipated load and the required drive velocities. This study focuses on the development of a mechanical model of the actuating mechanism operating in several degree of freedom options. Solving the direct and inverse problems involving the position and velocity of the mechanism allows the Jacobean matrix to be applied in Newton-Euler's equations. The purpose of the active suspension system is to stabilise the cab in the vertical position and to reduce its lateral vibrations and seat vibrations in the vertical. This study summarises the results of simulations performed to evaluate the system's performance and its power demand.