Rationale: In heart, Ca2+ entering myocytes via CaV1.2 channels controls essential functions, including excitation–contraction coupling, action potential duration, and gene expression. RGK GTPases (Rad/Rem/Rem2/Gem/Kir sub-family of Ras-like GTPases) potently inhibit CaV1.2 channels, an effect that may figure prominently in cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis under physiological and disease conditions. Objective: To define the mechanisms and molecular determinants underlying Rem GTPase inhibition of CaV1.2 channels in heart and to determine whether such inhibited channels can be pharmacologically rescued. Methods and Results: Overexpressing Rem in adult guinea pig heart cells dramatically depresses L-type calcium current (ICa,L) (≈90% inhibition) and moderately reduces maximum gating charge (Qmax) (33%), without appreciably diminishing the physical number of channels in the membrane. Rem-inhibited CaV1.2 channels were supramodulated by BAY K 8644 (10-fold increase) compared to control channels (3-fold increase). However, Rem prevented protein kinase A–mediated upregulation of ICa,L, an effect achieved without disrupting the sympathetic signaling cascade because protein kinase A modulation of IKS (slow component of the delayed rectifier potassium current) remained intact. In accord with its functional impact on ICa,L, Rem selectively prevented protein kinase A– but not BAY K 8644–induced prolongation of the cardiac action potential duration. A GTP-binding-deficient Rem[T94N] mutant was functionally inert with respect to ICa,L inhibition. A chimeric construct, Rem265-H, featuring a swap of the Rem C-terminal tail for the analogous domain from H-Ras, inhibited ICa,L and Qmax to the same extent as wild-type Rem, despite lacking the capacity to autonomously localize to the sarcolemma. Conclusions: Rem predominantly inhibits ICa,L in heart by arresting surface CaV1.2 channels in a low open probability gating mode, rather than by interfering with channel trafficking. Moreover, Rem-inhibited CaV1.2 channels can be selectively rescued by BAY K 8644 but not protein kinase A–dependent phosphorylation. Contrary to findings in reconstituted systems, Rem-induced ablation of cardiac ICa,L requires GTP-binding, but not membrane-targeting of the nucleotide binding domain. These findings provide a different perspective on the molecular mechanisms and structural determinants underlying RGK GTPase inhibition of CaV1.2 channels in heart, and suggest new (patho)physiological dimensions of this crosstalk.


Background: Unprompted vaginal labor with no obstetric interventions is the appropriate outcome for the majority of gestations. But some cases fail to develop in the 2nd-stage of labour and therefore need surgical delivery. Aim of the work: The current work aimed to evaluate the role of ultrasound (US) in labour to determine embryonic head station, dilatation, location and viewpoint. Patients and methods: This prospective observational investigation has been performed at the obstetrics and gynecology department, at Bab elsharia, Al-azhar University Hospital on 85 women with singleton term (37 to 40-wks) gestations. The study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department at Bab el-sharia, Al-azhar University Hospital. Results: Cervical dilation distribution in the study group females according to ultrasonography and DVE examination and the agreement between them, there was high agreement 15(93.8%) between the two methods when the Cervical dilation was 4 cm. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for the 2 approaches US and Digital vaginal examinations regarding Cervical expansion presented a high connotation (ICC, 0.984 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.976-0.990) and the accord among DVE and US was Nearly ideal accordance (κ=0.801, P<0.001). Conclusion: intra-partum US was revealed to be a suitable tool for monitoring labour progress throughout the active phase between term cases. The accordance among DVE and US results was strong for cervical expansion, and reasonable for embryonic head station and head location. The majority of labouring cases revealed that US is less upsetting and favored it over DVE for labour assesses.


In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the pressurized water stack, the core power of the reactor needs to be controlled. Traditional PID control is difficult to meet the modern control requirements, and the sliding mode control method is applied to the reactor core power control to achieve the purpose of automatic control. The state space model is established through the reactor core physical model, and the traditional sliding mode control algorithm and the model prediction sliding mode control algorithm are introduced to control the core power. The parameters of the PID controller were normalized using the particle group algorithm. By simulating the control effect of the three controllers by MATLAB/Simulink software, the results show that the model predicts the sliding mode control method without overshoot and shaking, has the best comprehensive performance, can quickly and accurately control the reactor core power and track the load change.


This study aims to examine the impact of RUBRIC writing on students' mathematical modeling. By analyzing 23 tenth grade students' responses to seven problems related to mathematical modeling, we found that the students who used RUBRIC writing could not only get more correct answers but also could use more various representations and mathematical models than the students who did not use it. The students with RUBRIC writing also could translate between reality and mathematics more appropriately, and better explain the process to solve the problem than the counterpart. It implies that RUBRIC writing can help improve students' mathematical modeling and problem solving as an alternative instruction and assessment.


This paper proposes a high resolution palmprint biometric recognition system that matches incomplete or degraded palmprints. Most of the existing work in this field was developed for commercial applications, usually for low resolution images. For high resolution palmprints, such as the ones used by forensic experts, the same techniques tend not to explore the full potential of the available biometric information. When dealing with latent palmprints, it is very common to find degradations, which can often be modeled by added Gaussian or salt & pepper noise, as well as motion blur due to the sliding of the hand. A system able to handle these degradations is presented, including a new technique for motion blur detection and compensation, based on a technique initially developed for low resolution barcode reading. Promising results are obtained.


The total mass flux (TMF) of particulate organic matter (POM) is key for understanding the energetic transfer within the "biological pump" (i.e., involving the carbon cycle), reflecting a critical connection between the surface and the bottom. A fixed multi-sediment trap was installed at 30 m depth in Callao Bay, central Peru from March to December 2020. After recovery, samples were dried and weighed to calculate the TMF and pellet flux. The average TMF was 601.9 mg·m−2·day−1, with 70.2 and 860 mg·m−2·day−1 as the lowest and highest values during "normal conditions". Zooplankton fecal pellets (ZFP) were found in ovoid (e.g., larvae) and cylindrical (e.g., adult copepods) shapes and their flux contribution to TMF was low, ranging from 0.17 to 85.59 mg·m−2·day−1. In contrast with ZFP, fish fecal pellets (FFP) were found in fragments with a cylindrical shape, and their contribution to the TMF was higher than ZFP, ranging from 1 to 92.56 mg·m−2·day−1. Mean sinking velocities were 4.63 ± 3.47 m·day−1 (ZFP) and 432.27 ± 294.26 m·day−1 (FFP). There is a considerable difference between the ZFP and FFP contributions to TMFs. We discuss the implications of these results regarding a still poorly understood process controlling the POM flux off the Peruvian coast.


President Jiang Zemin advocates the rule of virtue as the basic strategy of governing a country, which has for-reaching significance. To study and put it into practice is vital not only to the building of teachers*ss morals but also to the implementation of education by virtue. The moral qualities if teachers play a critical role in the process of education. Firstly the comprehensive qualities of teachers can be improved only by improving their own moral qualities. Secondly, it is teachers*s responsibility to implement education by virtue. Thirdly, in the development of teaching staff it is necessary to refer to teachers*s moral standards as one of the criteria in their appraisal.


Aim:  The study was conducted as a descriptive study in order to determine the knowledge requirements and practices to prevent the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Material and Methods:  The study was conducted with 140 patients between 18. 07. 2018- 19.10. 2018 in an education research hospital in Ankara. The patient descriptive information form, VTE patient information form, DVT diagnostic criteria form which is prepared by the researcher and Autar Risk Diagnosis Scale were used in order to collect the data. Descriptive statistics such as number and percentage were used in the analysis of the data Results:  In our study, according to the Autar DVT Risk Diagnosis Scale, most of the patients had more than one risk factor in the postoperative period, the most experienced risk factors were having advanced age, being above normal weight, having orthopedic (under waist) surgical intervention and living highly dependent (help requirement) risk factors. Among the patients participated in the study, 81.4% had not known VTE definition, 87.8% VTE risk factors, 87.8% the applications to reduce the risk of VTE. It was found that more than half of the patients did not have information about the use of compression stockings and 80.9% of the patients did not have any information about the use of anticoagulants despite the high rates of anticoagulant drug use. Conclusion:  In our study, it was found that although the patients had more than one risk factor for VTE, there was a high level of information deficiency. Determining the level of knowledge of patients about VTE and increasing their knowledge on this subject with trainings will allow them to perform individual evaluations and thus reduce the incidence of VTE in hospital and post-discharge periods. As a result of this, it is considered that patients' quality of life will increase and hospital stay and health expenses will decrease.


Due to the demand for bauxite resources to increase,the mines ore grade are varies,in order to ensure the normal operation of the production to meet the alumina needs,to take the stratified uniform ore method to distribute the ore scientific and rationally,with mine comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and stable supply of the quality of mine.


The year 1951 was the year when Government-driven economic development plan, Five-Year Economic Development Plan, had been started in lndia. As lndia...


We describe a day-long introduction to new accounting majors, which we call a boot camp. Boot camp it is an effort to make juniors more aware of their identity, career purposes and learning resources that are now parts of their world, much of which is not covered explicitly in the accounting curriculum. This paper provides an overview of the activities included in our initial boot camp. In addition, we provide information useful in organizing boot camp type activities at other universities.


The recessed trapezoidal groove dual‐gate profile is achieved by the low power CF4 plasma etching based on the principle of ion‐scattering. The recessed trapezoidal groove dual‐gate architecture can increase the lateral broadening of depletion width, yielding the Enhancement‐mode operation. This device demonstrates a threshold voltage of 0.43 V, a maximum drain current of 480 mA mm−1 and a trans‐conductance of 308 mS mm−1. The device exhibits a low off‐state leakage current of ≈10−10 A mm−1 and gate induced drain leakage is effectively improved. An extrinsic current gain cut off frequency of 32 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency of 65 GHz are deduced. The threshold voltage (Vth) stability of the Schottky gate HEMT is investigated. The recessed trapezoidal groove dual‐gate exhibits a small shift of Vth, which is attributed to the lateral extension of depletion region in the trapezoidal groove dual‐gate structure.


This research aims to be able to make modifications to development tools back and leg dynamometer. Specific targets to be achieved in this research is the creation of modification tools back and leg dynamometer that can be used in accordance with current needs, where the back and leg dynamometer are currently only able to with stand the load resistance of up to 300kg, in fact in the last 2 years many athletes who have had the capability of more than 300 kg, thus the need for modifications to the development of back and leg dynamometer load is up to 400kg resistance. The study design of this research is the R & D (Research and Development). This research subjects was conducted in yogyakarta state university. The results of first years has been the completion of a prototype tool leg and back dynamometer innovative. In the 2nd year study shows that it has completed a prototype of a modified development tool back and leg dynamometer with capability of 400 kg. Created tools has advantages among others: the ability of measurement exceeds appliance standard (300 kg), has the ability to store data in memory on the tool developed, the framework materials using aluminum so it is not easy to rust, can be used indoors and outdoors (portable), display data with larger numbers and a strong light with LED Display, low energy. Product test results found that of the 280 athletes who followed the trial of the product in the form of test and measurement leg muscle strength are 14 athletes were found to have strength above 300 kg. Results of ultimate power reached 386 kg of wrestling athlets and track and filed up to 354 kg. From these results, it was concluded that the back and leg modification tool used to measure decent back and leg muscle strength with strength up to 400 kg.


An experimental study of the effect of the injection of nitrogen and helium coolant gases at the stagnation point of a blunt body was carried out in the GALCIT Hypersonic Wind Tunnel at a Mach number of 5. 8. The gases were injected straight out of the stagnation point
and also tangential to the body surface. The model was also fitted with flow separation spikes.

The injection of the coolant gas resulted in a marked reduction in the model equilibrium temperature, and this cooling effect persisted over the entire length of the model. For the same mass flow, helium was a better coolant than nitrogen.

The average heat transfer near the nose of the body was reduced almost to zero by injecting a mass flow of helium as small as 1/2 per cent of the mass flow of free-stream air contained in the "capture" area πR^2 of the spherical nose.

Separation near the spike tip was observed up to a ratio of spike length to spherical nose diameter of 1.78 and a free-stream Reynolds number based on nose diameter of 2.84 x 10^5, resulting in a value of the foredrag coefficient which was one-third the value with no spike attached. The average heat transfer near the nose of the body was
reduced almost to zero by attaching a spike having a ratio of spike length to hemispherical nose diameter of 1.07.


What: more than 100 participants, including representatives of academia, business, and government, discussed the nexus of weather and climate with the energy sector When: 17–21 January 2010 Where: atlanta, georgia t hough the relevance of weather to the energy industry's predictions of energy demand (load) has long been recognized, only recently has the crucial role of meteorological information in the industry's predictions of supply (source) been appre ciated. As increasing amounts of renewable energy are being brought onto the electric grid, the need for improved weather observations and forecasts across a range of time scales is growing. At this meeting, discussions centered on creative ways to obtain new measurements, improved models, and other informa tion required to support the instantaneous and con tinuous requirement to balance supply and demand in both traditional and renewable energy. A town-hall meeting, whose keynote speech was delivered by AMS President Tom Karl, kicked off this First Conference by outlining some of the key meteorological problems hindering greater use of renewable energy and the need for collaboration among private, public, and academic sectors. The conference continued with participants discussing the value and speed of delivery of accurate forecasts of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speeds, and cloud cover, which influence energy demand for heating, cooling, and lighting, as well as the timing of certain industrial and manufacturing processes that depend on certain weather conditions. Participants attempted to bridge the gap between meteorology and the energy industry by discussing the information that those in the two respective fields need from the other. Meteorologists had the opportunity to learn about unique and challenging aspects of the energy trading market. This market's incredible volatility, in which energy prices can change by a factor of as much as 3.8 within one day, as well as its possibility for negative prices, meaning that traders actually sometimes pay for others to take excess electricity to keep demand and supply balanced, leads to the prime importance of accurate weather forecasts. Deviations from the day-ahead forecast can lead to sudden and severe changes in market conditions and prices; millions of dollars are made and lost within a period of an hour, based on weather forecasts. The paucity of relevant observations for improving forecasts of winds at turbine heights (~100 m) for onshore and offshore wind power, and of clouds (insolation) and aerosols for solar power, led to discussions of how to fill these data gaps. Techniques using remote sensing by ground-based wind profilers, radars, and AFFILIATION: Marquis—noaa earth System research laboratory CORRESPONDING AUTHOR : melinda marquis, noaa/eSrl, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Co 80305 e-mail: email@example.com


Over 40 states have adopted the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics. This is a strong, coherent set of standards that asks students to understand and explain mathematical ideas and lines of reasoning, actively make sense of mathematics, discuss their reasoning, explore and develop ideas, solve problems, and develop fluency with important skills. But as strong as the Common Core standards are, they cannot improve students' understanding of mathematics on their own. Teachers are certainly key to enacting the standards as they are intended. They need to know the mathematics well, and they need to how to teach it in engaging and effective ways. In this editorial, I want to make the case for the group of all mathematics teachers—from early childhood, to the elementary, middle, and high school grades, through the college and graduate levels, and including mathematics educators who teach teachers— to form a cohesive community that works together with the common goal of improving mathematics teaching at all levels. I will draw on my knowledge of the mathematics research community and how it is set up to work towards excellence in mathematics research. I will also contrast research in mathematics and teaching of college-level mathematics, much of which is done by the same group of people.


In this paper an asymptotic analysis of impulsively started, forced linear internal gravity waves is presented. This investigation describes horizontally propagating waves for fluids with constant ...


Abstract Let L be a finite relational language. The age of a structure over L is the set of isomorphism types of finite substructures of . We classify those ages for which there are less than 2ω countably infinite pairwise nonisomorphic L-structures of age .


All the drive motor of AGV are DC servo motor in the domestic stage , but it has some shortcomings such as more power consumption ,noise, magnet coils easy to burn, life is short and so on in the actual production. Through two series of comparative tests on the DC motor and AC motor driven AGV get two drive mode start time, start acceleration, top speed and other values.Through numerical processing and analysis know that AC motor as a AGV drive motor is better than Dc servo motor..


This issue of Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery focuses on the ''most common of the uncommon'' tumors affecting the colon and rectum. Many of these tumors are rare and challenging, with limited evidence for surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Several of these entities are commonly noted, but their management may be oversimplified by treating physicians. The complex embryology, physiology, anatomy of the human pelvis makes assessment, planning, and treatment of tumors all the more important. The focus on optimum functional quality of life, control of malignancy, and palliation of symptoms when needed must all be forefront in the mind of the treating physician. Some of these disease processes have been the subject of intense research, management evolution, and even attempts at prevention (HPV vaccine), so the future may be quite different from the past when Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery next reviews these subjects. The evaluation, treatment—both surgical and pharmacologic—and the surveillance of carcinoids and neuroendocrine tumors is reviewed and discussed by Dr. John Eggenberger. Dr. Melissa Times discusses the evaluation and surgical treatment of colorectal lymphomas. These tumors are often discussed with our colleagues in General Surgery and Oncology as collaborative care is frequently required. Epidermoid cancers of the anal canal are presented by Drs. Shawn Webb and Chong Lee. Developments in the management, adjuvant therapy, and current staging are highlighted and discussed. Retrorectal tumors are reviewed by Dr. Jeffrey Neale. Frequently diagnosed late and often misdiagnosed, patients with these tumors require complex care and well-reasoned approaches to optimize their recovery. Dr. Dimitra Theodoropoulos discusses the recent evolution of therapy for colon and rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Advances in chemotherapy combined with surgery have led to improvements in outcome not seen with prior treatment regimens. Anal canal melanoma is uncommon, frequently delayed in diagnosis, and potentially morbid to treat. Dr. Amalia Stefanou and Dr. Surya Nalamati discuss the recent data and literature to help guide treatment. Dr. Juan Lucas Poggio carefully analyzes the recent literature on premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal. Commonly diagnosed, management requires contemporary thinking and excellent surgical technique. Finally, Dr. Stephen Yoo summarizes the management of hemangiomas of the colon and rectum. While uncommon, hemangiomas are often prone to symptoms which require complex surgical treatment to manage; they are a challenge to the treating physician and surgeon. It was my pleasure to review these topics, and I want to thank the contributing authors for their diligent preparation of these articles for your information, education, and enjoyment.


In this paper, we present the Integrated Policy Package Assessment (IPPA) approach and relate IPPA to three substantial concepts of problem-oriented research concerned with societal transformations: technology assessment (TA), sustainability research (SR), and responsible research and innovation (RRI). The IPPA approach provides (political) decision-makers with transformation and orientation knowledge via a four-step process of (1) design, (2) analysis, (3) evaluation, and (4) discourse of a policy package assessment. It is illustrated with a case study of urban passenger transport. As an integrated approach, IPPA has substantial ties to TA, SR, and RRI. It connects with TA in fundamental ways, since it combines the field of TA with the field of regulatory assessment based on consequence analysis. Connectable to the field of SR, IPPA addresses deliberation processes and sustainable pathway identification based on multi-criteria assessment. In addition, akin to the area of RRI, IPPA shows cross-cutting axes with regards to social resonance assessment and stakeholder evaluation with a focus on multi-actor responsibilities. In this contribution, we link evidence-based impact assessment with transformation pathway mechanisms and corresponding policy packages, backed by stakeholder-based responsible innovation feedback loops. This enhances the ex-ante analysis of policy packages regarding their intended as well as unintended consequences.


This study examined the effects of parent characteristics on the success or failure of a behavior modification project with their children. The subjects were parents enrolled in a Behavior Modification for Child Management course at Fort Hays Kansas State College. Each parent was required to carry out a modification project with her child as part of the requirements for the course. The parents were taught the basic techniques of behavior modification, and the practical application of these techniques. They were also offered the benefit of home consultation by the instructors. Each participant was required to record not only her child's behavior, but also her own behavior in response to the child's behavior. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of parent characteristics on their child's behavior, close attention was paid to these characteristics relative to success or failure of each parent's project. It was found that though recording their behavior in response to their children's behavior, parents were made aware of what aspects of their own behaviors were influencing their child's behavior. The four change programs that were completed were all successful, and the parents reported an increase in their knowledge of behavior modification techniques. This was an indication of the success of the class.


The focus of this research is to evaluate impact pulse as it applies to the time relationship between energy application/deapplication and filament deformation in brake/signal light bulbs. The deformation characteristics of average tail light, brake/signal light, marker light, and halogen bulbs were also examined. The study records filament behaviour of these light bulbs during impacts produced by a pendulum impact apparatus. Results of the subject research indicate that filament deformation can be expected in a light bulb operating in flashing mode at the time it is impacted. Additionally, deformation characteristics of interchangeable light bulbs produced by different manufacturers showed widely varied results relative to filament deformation when subjected to similar impact pulses. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 899758.


We describe the results of empirical investigations that explore the effectiveness of moving graph diagrams to improve the comprehension of their structure. The investigations involved subjects playing a game that required understanding the structure of a number of graphs. The use of a game as the task was intended to motivate the exploration of the graph by the subjects. The results show that movement can be beneficial when there is node-node or node-edge occlusion in the graph diagram but can have a detrimental effect when there is no occlusion, particularly if the diagram is small. We believe the positive result should generalise to other graph exploration tasks, and that graph movement is likely be useful as an additional graph exploration tool.


Heat shock proteins (HSPs), one of the most highly conserved groups of proteins characterized to date, play crucial roles in protecting cells against environmental stresses, such as heat shock, salinity and oxidative stress. The glutathione S-transferases (GST) have important role in detoxification of oxidative stress, environmental chemicals and environmental stress. GST mRNA expression have been used as biomarkers on environmental stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the death rate and the gene expression of Hsp70 and GST during air exposure and starvation. Results showed that, the expression of Hsp70 mRNA was significantly changed in the experiment groups, such as air exposure and starvation. GST mRNA expression was significantly increased in the experimental group of starvation. These results suggest that Hsp70 and GST were played roles in biomarker gene on the air exposure and starvation.


The current begins to flow in unexpected locations. In an upstairs room at the back of the Cultural and Historical Museum in the small East German town of Görlitz is to be found the Physikalisches Kabinett (physical cabinet) of the eighteenth-century aristocrat Adolf Traugott von Gersdorf. Among the objects in this room are numerous electrical machines, Leyden jars, telescopes, thermometers, barometers, metal bands, toys, measuring devices, jars of minerals, and various other instruments of undefined purpose. There is a faint tang here of electrical discharge. On the rear wall of the room are hung framed sheets of paper, showing what first appear to be circular figures, perhaps suns or stars, in black and white or faded color. The casual visitor would hardly notice these sheets, or might simply pass them by as yet another item in a provincial museum. They are images produced electrically by Gersdorf, known as Lichtenberg figures after the German scientist Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, who had, almost by chance, discovered the technique, when dust formed patterns on a resin cake he had charged. Lichtenberg had other scientific paths to investigate and left the figures to others to explore further. Such images were referred to at the time as electric pictures, a first step in producing visual recordings from invisible electrical phenomena, already hovering uncertainly between science and art. The Görlitz museum possesses 1,359 sheets of Gersdorf images, each carefully notated with details of how it was produced, all stored away out of sight of the public in folders to prevent damage from excessive exposure to natural light. The quality of the actual figures is remarkable, bright, precise, and they show traces of how they were produced. Some of the sheets smell very slightly, a faint mineral odor, perhaps, of the original electric force. The interest in these Gersdorf images lies in their mix of art and science, in the curious story of how they came to be preserved in


Trie study of the collection of Sesse and Mocino at MA, allowed the discovery of specimens which may be considered as type material of the plants published both in Flora mexicana , eds. 1 and 2,'va.La Naturaleza , joumal of the Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, and Plantae novae Hispaniae , eds. 1 and 2, published by the Ministerio de Fomento de Mexico between 1887 and 1894.


What is the pertinence of considering indigenous culture into art discussions? To think about this inquiry, some reflections take place around two different types of associations, an Amerindian and a modernist. The examples addressed are the nowadays Ashaninka community of Amônia River in Acre, and the SPAM, a pro modern art society headed by Lasar Segall in Sao Paulo in the 1930s. When put in relation, the initiatives enunciated evidence that, for art to be able to perform a substantial political attitude, it's urgent not only the transgression of traditional limits imposed by art theory, as the transformation of the values privileged by subjects.


The description of the quasimolecular states observed in the 12C+12C collisions, using a Morse-type potential in a di-nuclear picture, yielded the parameters of the bonding potential. The depth of the potential being 7 MeV, all states lying below it are well described as bound states. The calculation of phase shifts and the corresponding cross sections yields fifteen resonances with higher angular momenta, up to L=12, which are close to the energies of the experimentally observed ones. This reaffirms the diatomic-like rotational and vibrational picture of the quasimolecular states proposed earlier.


Growth of clean (<5% carbon), stoichiometric (Ti:N = 1.15 [+-] 0.1) titanium nitride thin films on Si(100) substrate from the reaction of tetrakisdimethylamido titanium, Ti(NMe[sub 2])[sub 4], and ammonia is reported. Films were deposited using a novel gas delivery system which allowed the reactants to be mixed at elevated pressures with the substrate held in high vacuum. The films were analyzed using Rutherford backscattering and Auger electron spectroscopy while the gas-phase chemistry was monitored by mass spectrometry. The quality of the films was measured as a function of gas pressure, reactant ratio, and substrate temperature. Growth on patterned wafers gave information on reactant sticking coefficients and surface mobilities. The reaction of Ti(NMe[sub 2])[sub 4] with [sup 15]NH[sub 3] or ND[sub 3] clearly showed that both the nitrogen in a clean TiN film and the hydrogen (deuterium) in the gaseous dimethylamine product are derived exclusively from the ammonia. Mass spectrometry studies indicate that the reactive intermediate may be a high molecular weight oligomer consisting of Ti, N, H, and perhaps C. These finding are discussed both in terms of their impact on understanding the growth mechanism, as well as on the potential of this precursor system to be used in amore » manufacturing process.« less


clinician and pathologist. It may share histopathological features and immunoprofile of mammary ductal apocrine carcinoma. Features that support the diagnosis of a primary apocrine gland carcinoma are neoplastic glands high in the dermis, apocrine glands near the tumour and intracytoplasmic granules of iron. In our case, a primary/metastatic breast cancer was ruled out based on histological (no ectopic mammary tissue), radiologic (localization above the cooper ligaments) and clinical (no tumour found on the breast) argument. CAA is most of the time of good prognosis. However, its course may be engaged by the appearance of lymph node metastases, mostly one year after diagnosis. There is no standardized guideline to treat this rare malignancy. Wide, local excision with clear margins, of 1–2 cm, with or without lymph node dissection is the standard treatment. Makela et al. described in 2021 the first CAA case with a BRCAness genetic background and a PALB2 biallelic inactivation at the tumour level. No sample was available to explore the PALB2 pathogenic variants at the germline level but one of them was a founder mutation and therefore likely germline. The association between salivary gland cancer and germline pathogenic variants in the two major breast predisposing genes, BRCA1/2, has been previously reported. PIK3CA, the most commonly mutated oncogene at the somatic level in breast cancer, has also been associated with primary cutaneous apocrine-eccrine carcinoma. Overall, these observations suggested that CAA and breast cancer may have similar genetic alterations. In conclusion, the CAA observed in this patient may have been driven by the PALB2 germline pathogenic variant. Further studies are needed to evaluate the contribution of PALB2 in the onset of this tumour.


Lecturers have always had a difficult job. Socrates was a lecturer who lived in poverty and never published his work. Plato, some say, published Socrates' ideas as his own. He lived a long and prosperous life, while Socrates was executed for perverting the morals of the young. In addition to providing documentation for the academic truism "publish or perish," this example highlights the difficulty a lecturer has in pleasing his audience and the dire consequences of failure. For physicians who have occasion to, or, more frequently, who are compelled to lecture before medical groups, Calnan and Barabas have compiled a cache of practical suggestions to improve the planning and delivery of various sorts of lectures, ranging from case presentations to invited speeches. Simply by taking a fraction of the helpful suggestions presented, the dullest, blackboard-scratching mumbler on the lecture circuit may find his talk well received and may even be


Objectives:The aims of this study were to know the frequency and clinical characteristics of insomnia, and related various factors to insomnia in patients diagnosed with thyroid disorders. Methods:For 90 patients with thyroid disorders, interviews were performed. The data were obtained from interviews from about history and assessment of insomnia and depression. Insomnia was evaluated using the Korean Version of the Insomnia Severity Index(ISI-K). According to the cutoff score of 15.5 on the ISI-K, subjects were divided into the group of thyroid patients with insomnia(n=21) and those without insomnia(n=69) at first, and then statistically analyzed. Results:1) Insomnia is found in 23.33% of patients with thyroid disorder. 2) Insomnia in patients with thyroid disorder had significantly more comorbidities of physical and psychiatric illnesses(p<0.005, respectively), more hyperthyroidism (p<0.01), higher T3(p<0.05), and longer than 60 minutes of sleep latency(p<0.001). 3) Among scores of the ISI-K, total scores(p<0.001), and scores for initial sleep(p<0.05), sleep satisfaction(p<0.005) and distress(p<0.05) were significantly higher in insomnia in patient with thyroid disorder. Conclusion:Insomnia is not rare among patients with thyroid disorder. According to the presence of insomnia, clinical characteristics including sleep quality as well as quantity seemed to be different.


The impact of whole body vibrations (vibration stimulus mechanically transferred to the body) on muscular activity and neuromuscular response has been widely studied but without standard protocol and by using different kinds of exercises and parameters. In this study, we investigated how whole body vibration treatments affect electromyographic signal of rectus femoris during static and dynamic squat exercises. The aim was the identification of squat exercise characteristics useful to maximize neuromuscular activation and hence progress in training efficacy. Fourteen healthy volunteers performed both static and dynamic squat exercises without and with vibration treatments. Surface electromyographic signals of rectus femoris were recorded during the whole exercise and processed to reduce artifacts and to extract root mean square values. Paired t-test results demonstrated an increase of the root mean square values (p<;0.05) in both static and dynamic squat exercises with vibrations respectively of 63% and 108%. For each exercise, subjects gave a rating of the perceived exertion according to the Borg's scale but there were no significant changes in the perceived exertion rate between exercises with and without vibration. Finally, results from analysis of electromyographic signals identified the static squat with WBV treatment as the exercise with higher neuromuscular system response.


One of the important challenges in surface bioengineering is the fabrication of robust and regular supramolecular structures, tuning the chemical and topographical properties of the surface, in order to include functional biomolecules, which preserve their activity and/ or induce the desired biological process.Laccases, are redox enzyme, that catalyse the oxidation of a broad range of polyphenols and aromatic substrates. Wide variety of application in the industry has been reported, and lately their use for biosensors development. Bacterial S-layers are very interesting systems since they self-assemble forming 2-D crystals (S-layers) on many type of surfaces, and they can be fused with other biomolecules maintaining their functionality.HegG2 cell line is an hepatoma cell line that has been used for cancer research. These cells maintain part of the normal metabolic capacity of hepatocytes, what make them a useful tool for high-throughput in vitro toxicity assays, as well as in the development of bioartificial livers. The objective of this work was to generate biocompatible surfaces to immobilise lacase, S-layers and HepG2 cells, on which they mantain they active. Different surfaces with defined functionalities have been constructed with synthetic polyelectrolytes, using the layer-by-layer technique and soft lithography. At the nanoscale, an enzyme (laccase) was covalently immobilised on a gold/polyethylenimineI/glutaraldhyde layer, preserving its activity. The immobilisation was studied with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and its activity assayed with a spectrophotometer.Besides, bacterial surface proteins (SbpA, SbpA-EGFP and SbpA-STV) were adsorbed on polyelectrolytes multilayers. The combination of soft-lithography with a protein resistant polyelectrolyte (PLL-g-PEG) led to the construction of micro-structured surfaces of functional bacterial proteins. Surface wetability, fluorescence and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterise those interfaces.Increasing the complexity, attachment of HepG2 cells on polyelectrolytes was studied. Cell adopted different morphologies depending on the hosting underlying polyelectrolyte as observed by transmission, scanning electron and atomic force microscopes. The adhesion and spreading of the cells that were monitored with QCM-D and transmission microscopy, and assayed with crystal violet, showed a higher affinity of the cells toward the adlayer formed on PEI, PAH and PLL in comparison with PSS and PLL-g-PEG. Force spectroscopy studies with AFM showed higher repulsion between PSS surfaces and the cell surface, and different local cell mechanical properties between cells attached to PEI and PSS.


Abstraksi: Now, we find so many challenge for charity, one of them and popular is Ice Bucket Challenge. The goal of challenge to helps  research  ALS disease, and this challenge success to help them. One of program television in Indonesia, Indosiar make a same challenge. This challenge not for help ALS patient but for help many children to get educate more better, and this program name is "I Like Dangdut Challenge". I Like Dangdut Challenge is one of program in "D'Terong Show"one of popular dangdut  program in Indosiar. This is form of epigonism, ALS get good response from people and Indosiar create same challenge to get good response too. Why Dangdut,not another genre music? Because Dangdut is music from Indonesia and many people young or old can enjoy it. This challenge invite artist, actor, public officials, minister, district head and society to show and dancing with dangdut music, and upload they video in Indosiar. Some public figure was following "I Like Dangdut Chellenge" is Aliando and Prily Ratuconsina, Ganjar Pranowo Governoor  of Central Java, Ridwan Kamil Distric Head of Bandung, CEO of Semen Indonesia Dwi Soetjipto, Ignasius Jonan, Emirsyah Satar and Dahlan Iskan. Andrew N. Weintraub describtion Dangdut as  repertoire (of song, text, and spin off stylke), a community(singer, arranger, mucisians, produser, and fans) a performance style (spectacular, excessive, and over the top) and a discource abaout social relations of power.    (Andrew, 2010:15). And now Dangdut is different, not only for underclass but highclass too. Media make dangdut as a spectacle for society, from reality and make it to be a spectacle. Dangdut is a commodity for owner media, to get money, and the ways to society approve it is make it a spectacle to society. Keywords: Spectacle, Epigonism, Economy Political Media.


This paper presented an improved neural network features selection method.It ranked the initial features set by using the method of sensitivity analysis,and then removed the secondary features to achieve dimension reduction.Selected the minimum set of features by the BP neural network at last.The simulation results show the efficiency of this approach.


We examined the stability of amphibole in ultrahigh – pressure (UHP) conditions of about 620 – 750 °C, 2.9 – 3.7 GPa based on the mineralogy of UHP eclogites collected from the Qinglongshan and Jianchang areas in Donghai County of the Sulu region. The samples studied are mainly composed of garnet, omphacite, amphibole, rutile, kyanite, quartz, epidote, and phengite. Amphibole can be classi fi ed into three types based on its mode of occurrence; Amp I, inclusions in garnet and epidote; Amp II, the matrix phase; Amp III, small (~ 10 – 30 µm) grains developed along grain boundaries. Amp I from Qinglongshan, mainly barroisite – taramite, is slightly poorer in NaB (Na contents in B site <1.2 a.p.f.u.) than Amp II. Amp II is barroisite with a mostly homoge-neous composition in each grain except for the margins of some grains (NaB = 1.1 – 1.4 a.p.f.u; Si = 7.0 – 7.5 a.p.f.u.) and shows the highest NaB values among the types. Amp III, mainly pargasite – taramite, shows clearly lower NaB (= 0.3 – 1.15 a.p.f.u.) than that of Amp II. On the other hand, Amp II and Amp III from Jianchang are nyböite and taramite, respectively, and the sum of the (NaA + NaB) values from the Jianchang amphibole is distinctly greater than that of the Qinglongshan amphibole. Polycrystalline quartz pseudomorphs after coesite and Amp I with barroisite compositions were found within a large epidote grain of the Qinglongshan samples. These petrological data suggest the following evolutionary history. Amp I with relatively low NaB values crystalized and was involved with other mineral grains during the compression of the eclogite, and then barroisitic Amp II occurred as a stable phase during the peak – P stage. Finally, Amp III with much lower NaB values was formed during the decompression stage. Thus, we concluded that a Ca – Na amphibole (Amp II) can be stably present in an eclogite even in the UHP conditions. In addition, signi fi cant amounts of F (up to 1 wt%) were detected from the barroisitic amphibole in the Qinglongshan samples. At the least, some eclogites from the studied areas may have undergone metasomatic in fi ltration of an F – bearing fl uid in the UHP conditions.


The Chinese corruption beyond the pressure-style fiscal decentralization system is largely dominated by the preferred duty performances decided by local political authorities. By designing a natural experiment about whether the officials leave their positions or not, the research combines the methods as difference-in-difference model and system generalized method of moments to explore the inter-correlation of the provincial party committee secretary's individual character, administration preferences and local corruption level in 30 provinces from 2000-2013 in China. The results show us that the exchange in different places and cross appointment for provincial party committee secretaries will be able to strength the anti-corruption mechanism; meanwhile, the intellectual officers and young and middle-aged chief leaders are more likely to carry on the short- term encouraging policy. They are good at using their own employee experiences to encourage the officers from each level to form an "increasing-style promoting competition" order. The current Chinese anti-corruption strategy has obvious space-club effect and path dependence effect. In addition, the corruption attached to regional-scale can be gradually eliminated through the transfer of consumptive governmental expenses, fiscal decentralization reform, and continuous urbanization, enlarging the open areas. However, the lower corruption degree areas as west and middle areas may be trapped into another round of corruption as a result of the environment-sacrifice investment policies, which are caused by the employment expansion plan led by local leaders.


SCOPE
High-fat-diet (HFD) is an important factor in obesity. Extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates white adipose tissue (WAT), but its mechanism is unknown.

METHODS AND RESULTS
We used three models- HFD-fed mice, human with obesity and 3T3-L1 adipocytes with oleic acid (OA)/macromolecular crowders (MMC) treatment. We observed glucose and lipids metabolic disorders, increased collagen I/IV and LAMA2/4 and upregulated integrins (ITGA1/ITGA7) - FAK - JNK/ERK1/2 signals in obese WAT from mice and human. The upregulation of ECM - integrin - FAK signals was stronger in subcutaneous WAT than in visceral WAT of mice, but these results were reversed in human. In vitro, oleic acid (OA) promoted lipid accumulation and upregulated collagen IV, LAMA4 and p-JNK. MMC was used to induce ECM deposition in adipocytes. MMC promoted adipocyte differentiation and integrins - FAK - JNK/ERK1/2 signals. When FAK phosphorylation was inhibited, downstream p-JNK decreased. Inhibition of FAK phosphorylation reduced adipocyte differentiation, but MMC partially reversed this effect.

CONCLUSION
HFD-induced ECM deposition, whose signals were transmitted into adipocytes through upregulating ITGA1/ITGA7, activated the phosphorylation of intracellular FAK - JNK/ERK1/2 signals, and promoted adipogenesis in WAT. This mechanism provides novel therapeutic targets to treat obesity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Nonlinear optical properties for crystals RAl3(BO3)4 (R = Y and lanthanides) with huntite structure (sp. gr. R32) have been discovered first by authors1 among numerous in composition and structure anhydrous borates. In this group of borates the NdxY1_xAl3(BO3)4 (NYAB) is a new self-frequency-doubling laser crystal.2


A soybean information service system constructed based on the theory of agricultural ontology and the core ideas and implementation ideas were designed.Through the use of the characteristics of ontology knowledge content to achieve soybean realize precise storage,and through the reasoning functions of ontology tools to improve the soybean ontology construction's efficiency and accuracy,which would achieve the storage of professional knowledge content of the system database and the application of information service system.Finally a good domain ontology library could provide the basis for the realization of artificial intelligence in the field.


The standardisation activity in the field of cultural heritage started in Italy in 1996, following an agreement between the Ministry of Culture and the Italian Standardisation body (UNI) through the constitution of the Technical Committee UNI / NORMAL (Cultural Heritage). The activities of the WG 20 (Wood and wooden materials) began in 1999 and gave the rise to the standardisation actions on wooden artefacts belonging to the cultural heritage. Even if timber structures are only a part in the huge world of wooden objects coming from the past, nevertheless the importance of many structures, the safety needs of many public historic buildings and many bad restoration examples forced the WG 20 to start working on different standard projects on the ancient timber structures. The first two standards published embrace the problems of the diagnosis through visual on-site inspections and of the intervention criteria on ancient timber structures to be restored. The aim of the paper is the description of the two mentioned standards.


Abstract : This paper describes the research and progress made during FY09 at the Naval Postgraduate School on a Software Systems Safety Review Panel (SSSTRP) Requirements Framework. Accomplishments made in FY09 include the discovery of the primary causes for the high level of vendor failure rates during the SSSTRP process. Research showed that the lack of structure associated with the vendor-provided Technical Review Package (TRP) led to inconsistent documentation and standards in the SSSTRP process of evaluating the vendor's software safety risk. The development of a domain-specific Requirements Framework designed to work with the SSSTRP process will both help the vendor fully understand the measurable requirements for the TRP, and the SSSTRP members to understand the measurable standard by which the TRP is evaluated. This process should result in a reduction of SSSTRP failures.


The publishing and circulating of the sci-tech journal is necessarily relevant to copyright,appropriately handling the copyright problem is the key to the healthy development of the sci-tech journal.Copyright,essentially the fair use of copyright,can be summarized as the sci-tech journal and the author relation,the sci-tech journal and the transmitter or editor relation,the sci-tech journal and network transmitter as database relation.The publisher should carefully deal with the relations and guarantee the healthy development of the sci-tech journal.


[Objective]To investigate the relationship between degeneration of cartilage and the expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinase 7(MMP-7),Matrix Metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9),Matrix Metalloproteinase 13(MMP-13)and Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase 1(TIMP-1)in osteoarthritis.[Method]The histological changes of cartilages by hematoxyllin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 7(MMP-7),Matrix Metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9),Matrix Metalloproteinase 13(MMP-13)and Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase 1(TIMP-1)in osteoarthritis.were studied in 20 osteoarthritis cases and 2 normal controls.All data were statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and correlation analysis.[Result]The osteoarthritis cartilage underwent fibroplasias and tearing.The quantity of chondrocyte increased and the clustered and hypertrophic cells came into being.Little immunostaining of MMP-7 and MMP-13 was observed in normal cartilage,while their expressions increased in degenerated cartilage(P0.01).Expression of RMP-gand TIMP-1 was the same in normal cartilage(P0.05),superficial layer of the moderate and end-stage osteoarthritis.However,it significantly increased in deep layer(P0.01).[Conclusion]The abnormal expression of MMP-7,MMP-9,MMP-13 and TIMP-1 was likely to be the pathogenesis of cartilage degeneration.


Building on recent progress in modeling filter response statistics of natural images we integrate a statistical model into a variational framework for image segmentation. Incorporated in a sound probabilistic distance measure the model drives level sets toward meaningful segmentations of complex textures and natural scenes. Since each region comprises two model parameters only the approach is computationally efficient and enables the application of variational segmentation to a considerably larger class of real-world images. We validate the statistical basis of our approach on thousands of natural images and demonstrate that our model outperforms recent variational segmentation methods based on second-order statistics.


Introduction: The kinds of leadership have been discussed not only in academia but in the corporate world. It has been observed that some types have negatively influenced the organizational environment and the work process. Objective: To analyze the leadership practiced by nursing professionals within the hospital environment and their impacts on the work process and organizational climate. Methods: This is a scoping review whose objective was to map the main concepts about leadership styles and influence, examining and summarizing the existing research gaps. The following databases were used: MEDLINE, LILACS, IBESCS, PUBMED, and ENDENF. Results: Twenty nine articles were selected. The autocratic leadership style was the most cited as unfavorable for maintaining a favorable organizational climate for workers' welfare. Conclusion: It is believed that the leadership practiced by the nurse influences positively or negatively on the corporate environment and well-being at work.


The monovalent cations of Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+ derived from the highly electropositive alkali metals represent prototypical charged spheres that are mainly subject to relatively simple electrostatic and solvation (hydration) forces. We now find that the largest of these Rb+ and Cs+ are involved in rather strong cation···π(arene) interactions when they are suitably disposed with the ambifunctional hexasubstituted benzene C6E6. The ether tentacles (E = methoxymethyl) allow these cations to effect η1-bonding to the benzene center in a manner strongly reminiscent of the classical σ-arene complexes with positively charged electrophiles where Z+ = CH3+, Br+, Cl+, Et3Si+, etc. The somewhat smaller potassium cation is involved in a similar M+···π(arene) interaction that leads to η2-bonding with the aromatic center in the π-mode previously defined in the well-known series of silver(I)/arene complexes. We can find no evidence for significant Na+··· π(arene) interaction under essentially the same conditions. As suc...


This newly reported pest was first observed in a Geneva blueberry planting in 1957. Since then it has increased in severity and has been found in other eastern plantings. Life history studies were conducted during 1959 and 1960. The adults emerged in early June and oviposited on the underside of the tip leaves. By mid-June the new generation larvae had entered the tips of the canes and begun feeding. The tip borer underwent five larval instars and overwintered in the final instar. Although several larvae may initially enter a stem, only one ultimately survives. The tip borer entered pupation in late April. To date, no natural enemies or other natural factors are effectively suppressing the tip borer and chemical control measures are indicated.


The length of prestressed tightwire changes markly when external prestressed composite steel-concrete beams are subjected to the force, so the change of the stress in external prestressed tightwire must be considered. The moment curvature method was presented to simulate the loading process of the composite steel-concrete beam. By using the method, it effectively calculate the stress and deformation of the beam at the ultimate state with less calculation effort and accurately get the stress changes in the prestressed tightwire. Using finite element method, the calculating time for each grade loading is about 1h, and the results may be not convergent, but using proposed moment curvature method, it only spend 3 min and without the occurrence of non-convergent phenomenon.


Abstract : Polymer-matrix composite material and structural adhesive repair and manufacturing have significant environmental costs for Department of Defense (DOD) use. 'The principal issues for reducing environmental costs are (1) reducing hazardous waste by eliminating shelf-life limitations; (2) reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) by replacing global heating of the part with localized heating; (3) reducing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions by accelerated curing and containment; and (4) reducing production debris hazardous waste through processing step management Due to the wide range of applications and material systems, as well as scenarios spanning manufacturing and depot and field repair, a family of solutions is described that is expected to meet these needs. An environmental baseline is established by identifying hazardous materials from composite repair and manufacturing operations and estimating usage and waste The predicted reduction in hazardous waste is 78% for composite materials and 95% for adhesives. NOx and VOC emissions can be reduced by 100% and 50% by using the proposed techniques. Conservative environmental cost-savings estimates are developed for several potential DOD applications. These estimates indicate that the use of the proposed technologies for DOD systems would provide an annual savings of $15 billion (1997) for the year 2028.


Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; APAP, acetaminophen; CoQ10, oxidized coenzyme Q10; CoQ9H2, reduced coenzyme Q9; CoQ10H2, reduced coenzyme Q10; CYP, cytochrome P450; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; HSP, heat shock protein; MEOS, microsomal ethanol oxidizing system; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; NAPQI, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SAMC, S-allylmercaptocysteine; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance; α-Toc, α-tocopherol Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP), also referred to as paracetamol, is widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic drug throughout the world. In the United Kingdom, about 3.2 × 10 tablets of APAP are consumed every year, which is equivalent to an average of 55 tablets/person (Jones, 1998). As an over-the-counter drug, it can be readily obtained without prescription. Although APAP is generally harmless at therapeutic doses, overdose causes hepatotoxicity (Davidson and Eastham, 1966; Mitchell, 1988). In addition, susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity is modified by various factors such as alcohol abuse, fasting and concomitant drug use. In Japan, APAP has usually been consumed as combination tablets or granules and rarely used alone except as a suppository. However, since recent reports that the use of salicylic acid in combination cold remedies is associated with Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Still an Important Issue


A 57-year-old man presented to the emergency department with fever, chills and a wound on his left foot since 2 weeks. He had no previous medical history. Despite receiving flucloxacillin, the wound was neglected and became necrotic with skin discoloration and a purulent, foul-smelling discharge. The leg developed functional impairment with severe claudication pain. All digits were pale, cold and numb (figure 1A, B). Biochemistry showed high infection parameters and hyperlactaemia as a sign of hypoperfusion. Hyperglycaemia revealed de novo diabetes. X-rays of the left lower extremity showed subcutaneous air (figure 2A–C).

Figure 1
(A,B) The extension of necrotising fasciitis of the left lower extremity.

Figure 2
X-rays of the foot ( A ) and knee …


Abstract : The authors examine the current and future state of the Naval Service comprised of the U.S. Navy and the Marine Corps. The numerous questions concerning the future of sea power lend special importance to this report, which addresses the roles, missions, and force structure of the service in the next decade. The authors describe Naval roles and missions, discuss critical elements of force structure, posit a future National Maritime Strategy, and recommend ways in which the U.S. military services can eliminate redundance and support each other.... Naval Service; Sea power; Naval roles and missions; National Maritime Strategy


The purpose of the present article was to analyze the technical fundaments of the long-distance races and middle distance. The findings of this study showed that improvements of performance should take place through the application of the results of biomechanical studies that derive from the analysis of the running technical fundaments. The maximum use of the corporal possibilities of the athletes is possible if the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the quality of the running technique are studied.


In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network-based symbol detection and demodulation is proposed for generalized frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (GFDM-IM) scheme in order to improve the error performance of the system. The proposed method first pre-processes the received signal by using a zeroforcing (ZF) detector and then uses a neural network consisting of a convolutional neural network (CNN) followed by a fully-connected neural network (FCNN). The FCNN part uses only two fully-connected layers, which can be adapted to yield a trade-off between complexity and bit error rate (BER) performance. This two-stage approach prevents the getting stuck of neural network in a saddle point and enables IM blocks processing independently. It has been demonstrated that the proposed deep convolutional neural network-based detection and demodulation scheme provides better BER performance compared to ZF detector with a reasonable complexity increase. We conclude that non-orthogonal waveforms combined with IM schemes with the help of deep learning is a promising physical layer (PHY) scheme for future wireless networks.


A zero current and zero-voltage current-fed push-pull converter with fuzzy logic controller is presented. The method proposed is based on the use of a controlled transformer as a post regulator, which adds or subtracts an additional voltage to the output filter of the converter. An auxiliary regulator, which only handles a percentage of the output power, controls this transformer, and therefore, results in much higher efficiency than a normal pre regulator would have. The main advantages of these topologies are high-voltage conversion ratio, continuous input current, galvanic isolation between input and load, and no need of an output filter inductor. The novelty of the presented converter is that regulation is achieved without affecting the zero-voltage and zero-current switching in any working conditions. Small- and large-signal models of the converter have been developed and a low-power prototype has been simulated and implemented. The good agreement, between the experimental simulations and theoretical results, validates the theoretical developments. This technique has already been applied to a classical forward converter with two outputs, but the novelty of this project is the implementation of such technique to the ZVZCPS converter, demonstrating than the zero- voltage and zero-current switching is maintained under any operating conditions and improving the efficiency when compared against the SMART converter in the whole input voltage range. The applications range from consumer products such as cameras, camcorders, washing machines, and microwave ovens to industrial process control, medical instrumentation, decision-support systems, and portfolio selection. This project proposes a different way to apply the parallel power-processing technique to the ZVZCPS converter. Keywords—DC-DC power conversion, parallel regulation, resonant power conversion, fuzzy logic controller, zero-voltage zero-current switching (ZVZCS).


When individuals share specific diseases and some characteristics, social stigma tends to arise. Should the vice occur, adversities include loss of status, receiving treatment separately, discrimination, stereotyping, and labeling. Previously, pastoral care and counseling has been used to alleviate stigmatization arising from pandemics, with the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreaks in West Africa being a recent example. However, in the wake of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), there is an increase in the incidence and prevalence of social stigma, yet a disjoint exists concerning the work of pastoral care and counseling personnel and COVID-19 stigmatization. Therefore, this paper explores the relationship between the occurrence of COVID-19 and social stigma. Other themes investigated include the effects of coronavirus disease-related social stigma on direct and indirect victims, biblical insights about suffrage in society, and some of the strategies whose implementation might counter the perceived effects of social stigma accruing from COVID-19. From the findings, the paper has established that disease-related social stigma has led to the social isolation of groups, undermined social cohesion, caused members to hide illness in fear of discrimination, and a failure to adopt healthy behaviors. Thus, to respond to these problems, three strategies ought to be implemented by professionals in pastoral care and counseling. The recommended strategies include focusing on the trend of facing fears, spreading messages of seeking the Lord (because a disease such as COVID-19 is an occasion), and the sensitization of masses that a disaster such as COVID-19 and its associated stigmatization test people's faith and also


An intervention package comprising auditory cues, physical prompts preceded by vibratory (anticipatory) stimuli, and reinforcement was used to promote ambulation to target places with 2 men with total blindness, profound intellectual disability, and behavioural problems. Data showed that both men acquired successful ambulation to the target places, becoming almost totally independent of the physical prompts. Implications of the findings are discussed.


The invention relates to a bean product, especially to grains-and-beans soymilk powder and a preparation method thereof. The soymilk powder is prepared from the following raw materials by mass percent: 300 to 500 parts of peeled soybean, 100 to 200 parts of black soya bean, 50 to 100 parts of coix seed, 100 to 200 parts of oat, 100 to 200 parts of red bean, 25 to 50 parts of walnut kernel, 30 to 50 parts of white sugar and 5 to 10 parts of a stabilizing agent. The invention is advantageous in that a plurality of beans rich in nutrition are used as raw materials, so that the nutrition is relatively comprehensive and balanced, the taste is unique and delicious, and thus the soymilk powder has a good health care effect, and is free of toxic and side effects and suitable for a long-term eating.


Orientation of amorphous chain segments and oriented crystallization of amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were affected by the elongation temperature. That is, the crystallinity and birefringence of the specimen stretched in 65°C water below the glass transition temperature Tg increased, when the elongation ratio was beyond λ = 2.25, while crystallinity and birefringence in 80°C were constant values equivalent to those in the film prior to stretching. The Young's modulus and thermal dimensional stability were also dependent on the crystallinity of the drawn PET film. The experimental result for the thermal dimensional stability was estimated using the statistical theory of rubber elasticity. The observed result was somewhat in agreement with the calculated result.


The passive linear bus is an attractive topology for a fiber optic Local Area Network (LAN). An effective use of this architecture requires the development of an asymmetric optical coupler. Fabrication and measurement of such a coupler is described in this paper.


The minimal erythema dose induced by solar-simulated radiation is a useful measure of UV sensitivity of skin. Most skin phototests have been conducted by projecting a flat field of UV radiation onto the skin in an area greater than 15 cm × 15 cm with an increment of radiation doses. In this study, we investigated the responses of human skin to solar-simulated radiation of different field sizes. Twelve human subjects of skin phototype I-IV were exposed to solar-simulated radiation (SSR) on their upper inner arm or on their lower back with a series of doses in increments of 20% in order to determine the threshold dose to induce a minimal perceptible erythema response (MED). Each dose was delivered with a liquid light guide (8 mm diameter on the back or 6 mm on the upper inner arm) and with quartz optical fibers of 200 μm diameter. The resulting skin responses were evaluated visually and investigated with a reflectance confocal microscope and imaging. The erythema response to the microscopic challenge was always diffuse with no clear boundaries extending to several times the exposed site diameter at doses greater than 2 MED. The skin returned to normal appearance from the microscopic challenge after two weeks of exposure while change in appearance for the larger areas persisted for several weeks to months. This new modality of testing provides the possibility to study skin at the microscopic level with a rapid recovery following challenge.


The melt rheological behavior of neem bark flour (BF) filled high density polyethylene (HDPE) has been studied at varying volume fraction (ϕf) from 0 to 0.26 at 180, 190, and 200°C in the shear rate range from 100 to 5000 s−1 using extruded pellets of the composites. The melt viscosity of HDPE increases with ϕf because the BF particles obstruct the flow of HDPE. With the incorporation of the coupling agent HDPE-g-MAH, the viscosity decreased compared to the corresponding compositions in the HDPE/BF systems due to a plasticizing/lubricating effect by HDPE-g-MAH. The composites obeyed power law behavior in the melt flow. The power law index decreases with increase in the filler content and increases with temperature for the corresponding systems while the consistency index showed the opposite trend. The activation energy for viscous flow exhibited inappreciable change with either ϕf or inclusion of the coupling agent, however, the pre-exponential factor increased with filler concentration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012


Incidents of oil pollution has become a reoccurring decimal over the last twenty decades in most countries of the world. The controversy over who is responsible for the massive oil pollution witnessed in some oil-producing countries globally has amplified tensions between significant stakeholders in those countries. The issue of oil pollution in Nigeria and Ghana, for instance, has caused ecosystem degradation, the devastation of means of livelihood of local communities, and the death of aquatic organisms such as fish. Our study investigated the effects of the five news frames identified by Semetko & Valkenburg (2000); responsibility, economic consequences, conflict, human interest, and morality. Through content analysis, our study analyzed 531 newspaper stories on oil pollution in Nigeria's Niger-Delta region from 2014-2018. The results indicated that overall, the effects of the human interest frame usage were more prevalent in The Daily Sun newspaper than the other two papers, The Guardian and The Punch, within the study period. This was followed by economic consequences, responsibility, conflict, and morality frames. Also, the study revealed that the effects of the differences in the frequency of using the frames in the coverage of oil pollution in the three selected papers varied significantly.


Objective: To observe the effect of kiwi Essence on the Lipemia level of hyperlipemia patient. Methods: 41 patients suffering from hyperlipemia as researching objects, take kiwi Essence for two months, 1.5g a time and twice a day. The Lipemia level was checked before and after taking the medicine and statistical analysis was carried out.

Results: After taking the medicine, the patient^s TC, TG and LDL-C all clearly reduced, and the difference between before and after taking medicine was remarkable (P < 0.01), and the total effective ratio of reducing TC, TG and LDL -C is 81.5%, 67.5% and 74.1% respectively.

Conclusion: The kiwi Essence has favorable function of reducing TC, TG and LDL-C.


The analytical distribution of the electric field in a micro-lens made of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (PS-BPLCs) between two electrodes has been derived, and ray bending and focusing for the o (ordinary) and e (extraordinary) rays caused by the field-induced extended Kerr effect on the PS-BPLC have also been calculated. Those calculations show that the focal lengths of most o rays are longer than those of e rays. The o and e rays result in a focal length of 11.6 cm at a Kerr constant of 2.3768 nm/V2 close to the experimental data, and the calculated focal spot diameter is about 80.0 μm. If the Kerr constant is decreased to 2.14 nm/V2, we can obtain a focal length of 13.1 cm, the same as the experimental data. This reduction in the Kerr constant is reasonable because it is still within the experimental error. In summary, our calculations reveal an efficient and accurate way to discuss the focusing phenomena in the PS-BPLC micro-lens.


This paper describes an application of uncertainty analysis (UA) to propulsive performance tests of ship models in which several new ideas in the process of the analysis are dealt with. The importance of choosing the appropriate object item for uncertainty analysis, i.e., time mean or instantaneous value, is emphasised. The authors evaluate a new error term SF in the curve fitting process, as well as the standard estimated error SEE. A consideration is made on the error and its propagation when a low-pass filter is installed in the measuring system. The authors also discuss the uncertainty in the standardisation process of the measured result. An example of UA are shown in figures, in which error sources, estimated errors, their propagation route and sensitivity to the UA items are illustrated. Although the values of the errors themselves are not so small as expected, it is found that UA is quite useful for detecting dominant error sources as well as for obtaining the error values.


The conflict between woman's desire for autonomy and her internalization of society's conservative values in May Sinclair's The Three Sisters To be a woman in the Edwardian age, was to live a double life, one that was alternately Victorian and modern, repressive and liberating, traditional and radically new. In The Three Sisters Sinclair represented the self-division that can arise from living in a time of transition as the conflict between a character's expressed desire for autonomy and agency, and her internalization of society's conservative values. The novel is both a dramatization of subconscious drives and a novel of ideas that exposes the tyranny of the family and of religion. Gwenda, Mary and Alice are all in love with the village doctor, Steven Rowcliffe. The eldest sister, Mary, is the archetypal Angel in the House. Of all the three sisters, she is the most obedient to her father, pious, and devoted to making the lives of others comfortable. Through Mary, Sinclair demonstrated that the conventional view of wifehood as the only respectable role for woman, robs her of her integrity by driving her to deceptions and schemes to win a husband. Gwenda is aware of her feelings and can also act with intelligence and moral will. When she is told that Alice has become dangerously ill from unrequited love for Steven and she must either marry or go mad, she feels strong enough to sacrifice Steven. Alice's illness is hysterical and it turns out that it is not Steven himself, but sexual pleasure, that she craves: sex and then marriage and children with local farmer Jim quickly put her right. Unlike Mary and Alice, who act on their drives without a clear knowledge of what they are doing, Gwenda is the least driven. She is a typical Edwardian heroine in several ways. She is independent, physically strong, the most intelligent of the three sisters and the most perspective. But rather than allow this modern woman to rebel, Sinclair uses her to examine the difficulty of maintaining one's independence and the personal price one must pay when one rejects the status quo. Sinclair shows how even when one rejects the patriarchy intellectually, one can still internalize and suffer from its system of values. First, in the interests of Alice's health, then in order to nurse her father, Gwenda denies herself and succumbs to the Victorian ideal of feminine self-sacrifice and sexual repression.


This paper addresses a number of theoretical and empirical issues derived from distributive justice theory regarding the social psychological process of justice evaluation. Building upon current theory and research, justice evaluation is conceived as a comparison of the rewards one receives with rewards s/he expects. Using data from a 1979 Indianapolis area survey, we examine beliefs about inequality and their role in subjective perceptions of distributive justice. We examine the extent to which "what is" affects perceptions of "what ought to be" using collective beliefs about distribution practices, that is, the extent to which persons perceive departures from justice in terms of existential standards. We find that it is possible to abstract, with a high degree of distinctiveness, a set of aggregate principles representing existential notions about the ways in which individual characteristics are related to household income. We find that this approach to the measurement of reference standards for the evaluation of income receipts has some empirical validity, in that it predicts perceptions of overvs. under-reward, but such an approach to measuring departures from justice does not produce meaningful variation in measures of satisfaction and acceptance of income.


Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the adenohypophysis is an extremely rare sellar-region tumor that creates clinicopathologically relevant problems in the differential diagnosis and difficulties in patient management due to the limited data available regarding its biological behavior. A sellar/suprasellar mass was detected and surgery was performed in a 61-year-old male admitted for impaired vision. The patient was re-operated on twice due to persistence of symptoms and an increase in tumor size at the third and sixth postoperative month. The histopathological examination revealed tumor cells with oncocytic cytoplasm and spindleepithelioid morphology fascicles/layers/pseudoacinar structures. Neoplastic cells showed a positive immunoreactivity with vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, galectin 3, thyroid transcription factor-1, and anti-mitochondrial antibodies, and a negative immunoreactivity with epithelial markers, pituitary hormones, and neuroendocrine markers. Compared with the first biopsy sample, the material obtained from recurrent lesions was histologically characterized by increased pleomorphism, atypia, and mitotic activity. Although SCO is defined as Grade I according to the current World Health Organization classification, the considerable risk of early recurrence should be taken into account, especially in cases with atypiapleomorphism and increased mytotic activity. ABSTRACT DOI: 10.14744/scie.2018.29392


In magnetically confined plasmas density fluctuations of apparently turbulent nature with broad spectra in wave number and frequency space are observed which are thought to be the cause for anomalous energy and particle transport across the confining magnetic field. Collective laser light scattering has been used to study the nature of these fluctuations. Specific problems of scattering from fusion plasmas are addressed and illustrated with experimental results from the 119 μm far infrared laser scattering experiment operated on the ASDEX tokamak. Using the system in the heterodyne mode the direction of propagation with respect to the laboratory frame can be determined. Spatial resolution has bean improved by making use of the change in pitch of the total magnetic field across the minor plasma radius. Special emphasis is placed on the ohmic phase where a number of parameter variations including electron density, electron temperature, toroidal magnetic field, and filling gas were performed.


The marketing of non-timber forest products (NTFP) are the main source of income to earn a livelihood for the indigenous communities residing to the fringe areas of the forest. The study analyzed the significance of different marketing agencies involved in the marketing of NTFP's to the livelihood of the indigenous communities of Attappady. Primary data and secondary data were used for the study. Among the marketed 23 NTFP's, nine products were exclusively marketed through the society and one product exclusively through the private shop, 10 products through society and private shops, one product marketed through the Eco Development Committee (EDC) and private shop and 2 products through all the 3 channels. Even though the procurement price given by the private shops and EDC for commercially important NTFP's were higher than that of the Kurumba society, the indigenous people were more benefited by the marketing through the society. Because the EDC and private shops do not share their profit with the collectors, where as the society gives certain percentage of their profit back to the primary collectors in addition to the procurement price. But the financial constraints during the lean seasons are forcing the indigenous communities to sell their products to the private shops. If the society and EDC can start the value addition units of the NTFP's with the involvement of indigenous communities, it ensures effective utilization of their free time and a better livelihood through enhancement of their income from NTFP's.


23 The EU antitrust case against Microsoft concluded in late 2007. Related or not, that's when things started to change. One pleasant surprise for third-party developers was the release of hundreds of specifications covering Windows file formats, system internals, and protocols. Microsoft was opening up. Four years later, about 400 specifications have been published. It took a while for some of those documents to appear, mostly because Microsoft didn't actually have them all written yet. And now they have surprised us again. Well before the beta release of Windows 8, they have provided preview documentation for an overhauled and compelling new version of the venerable Server Message Block Protocol: SMB2 .2. This is going to be epic. Once a year, typically in September and typically somewhere near San Jose, California, the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) hosts the Storage Developer Conference (SDC). The season and location don't really matter all that much, since many of those who attend never leave the confines of the hotel until the conference is over. As its name implies, the SDC is aimed at data storage engineers. As a sideshow to the SDC, the SNIA hosts the annual SMB/CIFS/SMB2 Plugfest, an opportunity to bring together different products from different vendors and open source groups and do some heavy-duty interoperability testing. The Plugfest is housed in its own conference room. The room is filled with network cables and switches, computers, tables with black tablecloths, a whiteboard, racks of storage equipment (with fans that sound like jet engines), and engineers. A badge is required to get in, but for those who participate there are only a few simple rules: Don't take stuff that's not yours, don't talk about your competitor's test results outside the Plugfest room, but do take a shower at least once every two days. They're serious about that last rule. They need to be. It gets intense in there. The Plugfest has been an annual event for more than a dozen years—longer, in fact, than the SDC—but for most of those years Microsoft, the " owner " of the SMB protocol suite, was conspicuous by their absence. While they were in the throes of legal battles (with not one but two major world governments) they kept their SMB code monkeys locked in their cages in Redmond. Christopher R. Hertel is a long-haul member of the Samba Team and co-founder of the jCIFS project. He …


At present, there are different characteristics of schooling ideas, conditions, growth of teachers for colleges of professional techniques in our province. We have compared Chaoyang Normal College with Shenyang Normal University about it. We hope they will bring others some suggestions.


This invention relates to a nutritive cold health care wine and its brewing process. It is enzyme fermented from health care medicinal materials and cereal by the process of preparing Chinese drugs and fermented process. It is of high quality and good taste. The process is facility and economical.


Surface micro-structuring of silica glass plates was performed by using laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) upon irradiation with a single-mode laser beam from a diode-pumped solid state UV laser at 266 nm. We have succeeded in a well-defined micro-pattern formation without debris and microcrack formations around the etched area on the basis of Galvanometer-based point scanning system with the laser beam. This method is suitable for rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing of surface microstructuing of silica glass in a convetional atmospheric environment.


Sea Transportation Statistics 2014 is the first publication which specifically present sea transportation data. In order to maintain the availability of series data, this publication present the data of the preceding year, including the data of loading and unloading cargo, ship call, and debarked and embarked passengers.


Prevalence of anxiety or depression was investigated in 105 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients at 1 to 3 months from virological clearance by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS‐A/D). 30% of patients displayed pathological HADS‐A/D, 52.4% showed persistent symptoms. Pathological patients with HADS‐A/D more commonly reported symptom persistence, even after adjustment for age, gender, and disease severity. Psychological assessments should be encouraged in COVID‐19 patients' follow‐up.


The use of 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-ones, a recently developed class of bioisosteric replacements for carboxylic acids in medicinal chemistry, as binding ligands in supramolecular complexes is reported and has been exemplified by the formation of non-covalent complexes between acidic 3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-ones and an imidazoline base, 1,3,5-tris(4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl)benzene 1. The X-ray crystal structure of complex 6d illustrates how the carbonyl oxygen and the nitrogen atom in the position α to the carbonyl group of the heterocyclic ligand are hydrogen-bonded to the NH groups of tris(imidazoline) 1. A combination of 1H NMR dilution studies and electrospray mass spectrometry-based competition experiments shows that 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-ones bind more strongly to receptor 1 than a comparable benzoate.


Few double yolk eggs were incubated to observe the extent of embryonic development. Only one egg passed the candling test but failed to hatch. On breaking it contained two fully developed embryos, one naked and another normal.


We study a set of solar near-relativistic (NR; >50 keV) electron events observed by the Wind and the ACE spacecraft near the Earth orbit. Interplanetary transport simulations are used to take into account the propagation effects from the source to the spacecraft. Inversion methods developed within the EU/FP7 SEPServer project are then used to extract, from directional intensities observed near the Earth orbit, the electron release history in the low solar corona. We compare the release time histories with context electromagnetic observations of solar eruptions, in soft X-rays, radio, hard X-rays and white light. The distribution of release profiles is bimodal. NR electrons are released during either short (<30 min) or long (>2 h) periods. Short release episodes appear to originate in solar flares, in coincidence with the timing of type III radio bursts reaching the local plasma line measured at 1 AU. The origin of long release episodes seems to be more intricate. They are associated with signatures of long acceleration processes in the low corona (long decay of the soft X-ray emission, type IV radio bursts, and time-extended microwave emission). We present a proportionality empirical law between the intensity of the SXR flare and the number of electrons released during flare-accelerated events.


This invention provides a virus-removed culture medium for group culture of potato and its composition includes (g/l): macro-elements: one or several of NH4NO3 1650 mg/l, KNO3 1900 mg/l, CaCl2.4H2O 440 mg/l, MgSO4.7H2O 370 mg/l and KH2PO4 170 mg/l; micro-elements: one on several of KI 0.38 mg/l, H2BO3 6.2 mg/l, MnSO4.4H2O 22.3 mg/l, ZnSO4.4H2O 8.6 mg/l, NaMoO4.2H2O 0.25 mg/l, CuSO4.5H2O 0.025 mg/l, CoCl2.6H2O 0.025 mg/l and FeSO4.7H2O 37.3 mg/l; complexing agent Na2.EDTA.2H2O 27.8 mg/l; organic componnets: one or several of inositol 100 mg/l, nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/l, pyridoxol hydrochloride 0.5 mg/l, thiamine hydrochloride 0.1 mg/l and glycine 2 mg/l; cane sugar 30 g/l, starch 60-70 g/l and water the rest. Use of the said culture medium can greatly lower the production cost of group culturing of potato seedling and make the quick factorized breeding of potato group cultured seedling become possible.


The present invention relates to a method for preparing a solid electrolyte, which method comprises preparing the steps of: providing a first monomer, a second monomer, an initiator, and a lithium salt, wherein the first monomer is? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The second monomer, and R1, R2 and R3 contain -C = C- group or a group -C≡C-, R4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, m and n is an integer, the first the molecular weight of the monomer and the second monomer are less than 100 and 800; mixing the first monomer, the second monomer, the initiator and the lithium salt, to form a mixture, and the quality of the first monomer to the second monomer is less than 50%; and the first monomer, second monomer and the polymerization initiator is a reaction interpenetrating network polymer, and the the lithium salt forms a solid solution dispersed in the interpenetrating network polymer, whereby the electrolyte is fixed.


It has been found that the boundary integral equations for the field functions such as those of potential and displacement can be regularized by introduction of their relative quantities. This report shows that the same techniques are also applied to regularize the integral equations for the unsteady heat conduction problems. Integral equations with relative quantity of potential and its derivatives are obtained by superposing a particular solution under the condition of time-independent uniform potential on the conventional integral equations. These new equations give accurate numerical results over the entire domain. In addition, since the integral equations for the boundary and the interior become continuous, this approach has succeeded in deriving the integral equation for a boundary temperature gradient which is absent hitherto in the conventional equations. Using two-and three-dimensional examples, the present integral equations are verified to be valid and useful.


Nowadays, with the development of society, environmental issues cannot be ignored while economic benefitsincrease. Electricity has always been regarded as the cleanest source of energy, but in this study it is thought that electricity can also produce corresponding pollution. The carbon footprint is used to describe air pollution produced by human production activities. The carbon footprint generated by the use of electricity is called a power carbon footprint or an electricity carbon footprint. This study briefly calculated the carbon footprint of Shanghai and Tianjin from 2005 to 2015, and briefly analyzed the relationship between electricity use and greenhouse gas pollution in the municipalities.


Each practical action in rural areas should be based on a comprehensive, new, and innovative theoretical paradigm. For nearly three decades, the global economic system has embraced rural entrepreneurship as a "productive" and innovative strategy in rural development in many countries, including both underdeveloped and developed countries. At present, we have large companies, which due to government development interventions, are replaced with small- and medium-sized businesses under inflexible and extreme entrepreneurialism. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to shed light on the prevailing entrepreneurship practice and discourse, criticize them, and finally introduce a new paradigm known as "paradigm of rural prosperity" (PRP). In this work, Aram Ziai's theory of skeptical post-development was used, along with Campbell Jones and André Spicer's critical theory of entrepreneurship and Rosenqvist's theory of the conceptualization of rurality and rural environment called "hermeneutical realism". The present paper attempts to base the paradigm of rural prosperity on three pillars of analysis and explanation: (a) rural embodiment, (b) neoliberalism, and (c) concept of sustainability. Although some case studies in Iran have been used as empirical evidence, this paper argues that the paradigm of rural prosperity is universal in nature and can be used in any geographical and cultural context to provide new rural development.


Online measurements of the temperature and the diameter of fibers in the melt spinning process of thermoplastics are discussed. The temperature and the diameter of fibers can be applied in many fields such as fiber formation modelling, cooling rate behavior (Nusselt number), and rheological investigations (apparent extensional viscosity) of polymers. The online measurements along the spinline were carried out with an infrared camera during the melt spinning process. Two different experiments were designed and carried out to find the correction factor, i.e., the emissivity. The results show that the emissivity correction factor depends on the polymer type and the fiber diameter. Usually the diameter of the fibers is measured by an instrument or by direct velocity measurements invoking the continuity equation. In this new approach the diameter is found directly by the evaluation of the measured temperature. Therefore only one apparatus, namely an infrared camera taking snapshots, is required to find the fiber diameter. The key of this method can be seen in the temperature difference between the fiber and the environment. A mathematical procedure was developed to estimate the diameter of the fiber from the distribution curve. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 23: 176–185, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20008


Integrally colored anodic aluminum oxide consists of a mixture of Al and Al2O3. Published spectral optical properties can be quantitatively understood from an effective medium formalism, provided the Al particles are regarded as spherical and their dielectric permeability is taken to be the same as in the bulk. Implications of these requirements are discussed.


This paper introduces three new criteria that a theory of personal identity ought to satisfy: (1) material holism , (2) narrative unity , and (3) narrative integrity . Material holism guards against the undesirable consequence of positing the person as part and existentially distinct from the organismal whole, of which it is dependent and interconnected. Narrative unity ensures that continuity between the beginning, middle, and end of a human life is sufficiently accounted for. Narrative integrity secures fidelity and congruence between each part and the whole, the whole to each part. Jeff McMahan's Embodied Mind Account ( EM ) fails to satisfy each of these. On McMahan's account, human persons and human organisms are distinct entities, human persons come into existence after its human organism, and human persons may go out of existence before their human organism. Moreover, fetuses, infants, the congenitally severely cognitively impaired, those with severe dementia, and the comatose are non-persons. A theory of personal identity that incorporates holism and narrative can provide a better explanation of human existence, life and death, and the identity paradox of dicephalic twins. If accepted, EM must either be rejected or ameliorated, and the new criteria ought to be incorporated in contemporary research of personal identity.