The utility model provides a stirring crushing machine, belongs to the technical field of machinery, and solves the technical problems that the conventional crushing machine has a poor stirring effect and the like. The stirring crushing machine comprises a cylinder body, wherein the cylinder body is in a conical body shape and the small opening end of the cylinder body is downward; a spiral cutter is arranged in the cylinder body; a first support shaft and a second support shaft are fixedly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cutter respectively; the first support shaft and the second support shaft are positioned in the same straight line; the axes of the first support shaft and the second support shaft are deviated from the spiral central line of the cutter; a discharging port is formed in the lower end of the cylinder body; the first support shaft is connected with a motor; the second support shaft is inserted into the discharging port. The stirring crushing machine has the advantages that the crushing efficiency is high, materials are stirred uniformly and the like.


axons retained physiologic activities, even though their callosal axons were transected, because they showed evidence of retrograde axonal transport of DY via other collaterals from the ipsilateral primary motor area. Transection of the corpus callosum in intractable generalized epilepsy would be expected to prevent generalization of epileptic discharges. Some successful cases have been reported in which, after callosotomy , epileptic discharges localized unilaterally, and clinical seizures decreased in frequency, duration, and severity. The details of neuropathologic mechanisms of callosotomy have not been investigated. We had surmised that after callosotomy, neurons whose axons were cut might degenerate and disappear immediately. But we could recognize from our results that these neurons retained their morphology and their physiologic activity. We concluded that after callosotomy , those neurons that once had axons to the opposite side of neocortex via the corpus callosum do not disappear immediately but maintain physiologic activity. Thus it might be assumed that these neurons may themselves be involved in reorganization of local neuronal circuits.


Cellulose was extracted from brewer's spent grain (BSG) by alkaline and bleaching treatments. The extracted cellulose was used in the preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by reaction with monochloroacetic acid in alkaline medium with the use of a microwave reactor. A full-factorial 23 central composite design was applied in order to evaluate how parameters of carboxymethylation process such as reaction time, amount of monochloroacetic acid and reaction temperature affect the average degree of


This project explores the possibility to use general purpose programming on the GPU to simlate clothes in 3D. The goal is to implement a faster version of the method given in 'Large Steps in Cloth Modelling' by Baraff et. al. (Implicit Euler).


Werner and Kaplan contend that "in order to build up a truly human universe, that is a world that is known rather than merely reacted to, man requires a new tool an instrumentality that is suited for, enables the realization of, those operations constituting the activity of knowing. This instrumentality is the symbol." (6, p. 13). The acquisition or awareness of the symbol requires that the individual transform the world of the concrete into symbolic representations. Objects must come to occupy a status of reference and this transformation is a critical develop, mental problem. The transformation is essential to the development of conceptual thought and it is thereby a critical developmental requirement as a prerequisite for adequate functioning in our world of symbols.


A control-oriented dynamic model for a ball mill coal-pulverizing system (BMCPS) has been developed by using mechanism analysis and experiment identification. The nonlinear equations are obtained based on simplified physical model and previous efforts in BMCPS modeling. Through computation of known physical values, identification of grouped coefficients, and heuristic adjustments, the model parameters are determined. The simulated results agreed well with the experimental data, suggesting that the model developed is very accurate and captures well the nonlinear and strong coupling characteristics of the BMCPS modeled. It is expected that the model developed can be directly used for the synthesis of model-based control algorithms, as well as setting up a real-time simulator for testing of new BMCPS control schemes.


In this essay I will comment on a few articles on scientific writing, ones which the reader should find stimulating and informative. One author, Peter Quince, enlivens his essay, "How to Write an Article," 1 with hard-headed yet droll commentary. Heed this warning, he cautions: If you try to impress your friends by the obscurity of your style, the use of esoteric neologisms and chronic logorrhea, instead of leading them gently by the hand up the garden of your thoughts, the whole thing will be a flop. He lavishes attention on the usually neglected topic of actually sitting down and writing. To write, begin. Don't begin at the beginning; start with any portion of the subject then much in your mind. Write rapidly, capturing as many as you can of the words churning through your mind. Ignore grammar and spelling and punctuation, but seize the thought and get it on


In this paper, on the basis of the robot visual servo system, a virtual visual servo algorithm for pose estimation is put forward. By reducing the image error between the current image features of real object and the features of virtual models, the rotation and translation relation of the virtual model is changed by visual servo control law, until the pose of virtual model overlaps the one of real object, and then object pose estimation is obtained. In addition, RANSAC algorithm is also introduced to improve the robustness of the proposed algorithm. Finally the experiment about camera external parameters estimation shows that our algorithm gets better results than the available parameter estimation algorithms.


This page provides a slideshow illustrating ways for sales assistants to sell-up to meet the needs of customers. This is for activity 6 - Close the sale and maximise sale opportunities for the unit WRRS1B - Sell products and services.


The theory of ho-resolutions as utilized in The stable geometricc dimension of vector bundles over real projective spacces did not give adequate care to the K Z2's occurring at each stage of the resolution. This restricts somewhat the set of integers e for which we can prove that the geometric dimension of vector bundles of order 2e on large real projective spaces is precisely 2 e + 8. 1. Introduction. The theory of bo-resolutions played a central role in obtaining the liftings in the main theorem of (2). W. Lellman pointed out that the analysis of bo-resolutions presented in (3 and 2) did not give adequate care to K Z2's occurring at each stage of the resolution. In (4) Mahowald discussed a modification in the theorem of bo-resolutions which takes these K Z2's into account, and showed that the application to v -periodic homotopy in (5) remains valid. In this note we discuss the changes in (2) required by these considerations.


This paper reviews the investigation, the design and the construction of the new sea defences fronting the central area of Herne Bay on the North Kent coast. The existing defences consisted of a small shingle beach backed by a concrete wall. The paper describes the coastal morphology, computer and physical modelling and the design work carried out. It also sets out the reasons for the selection of a sea defence scheme comprising a linked offshore breakwater with a larger shingle beach. The paper reviews the importance of public consultation and the role that this played in the final form of the design proposal; finally it gives a brief description of the construction work. (A)


Recommendation technology is an important part of the Internet of Things (IoT) services, which can provide better service for users and help users get information anytime, anywhere. However, the traditional recommendation algorithms cannot meet user's fast and accurate recommended requirements in the IoT environment. In the face of a large-volume data, the method of finding neighborhood by comparing whole user information will result in a low recommendation efficiency. In addition, the traditional recommendation system ignores the inherent connection between user's preference and time. In reality, the interest of the user varies over time. Recommendation system should provide users accurate and fast with the change of time. To address this, we propose a novel recommendation model based on time correlation coefficient and an improved K-means with cuckoo search (CSK-means), called TCCF. The clustering method can cluster similar users together for further quick and accurate recommendation. Moreover, an effective and personalized recommendation model based on preference pattern (PTCCF) is designed to improve the quality of TCCF. It can provide a higher quality recommendation by analyzing the user's behaviors. The extensive experiments are conducted on two real datasets of MovieLens and Douban, and the precision of our model have improved about 5.2 percent compared with the MCoC model. Systematic experimental results have demonstrated our models TCCF and PTCCF are effective for IoT scenarios.


The present invention is fractured cartilage product, the method of manufacturing destroy cartilage products, and provides a method of treating a subject comprising administering a cartilage product. This cartilage product, for example for producing a flexible cartilage product is produced by a method which comprises disrupting the collagen matrix. Optionally, the cartilage product includes viable chondrocytes, bioactive factors, such as chondrogenic factors, and type II collagen matrix. Optionally, the cartilage product is a non-immunogenic. .The 17


The development of a network communicative space causes the transformation of labor and actualizes the problem of employment as the main indicator of social security. In this regard, the article considers one of the mechanisms ensuring social security of the person as the cultural development of society and the ability to create and maintain a system of values and professional orientations of the person - effective professional adaptation, requirements to which are largely determined by the ability to manage information network technologies, professional and informational culture, the ability to self-education. In its turn, social security in modern conditions acquires the features of socio-network security as a stable state of human security and protection from the negative effects of network communications, which can modify the behavior of a person, his values, and professional orientations and mislead him in the information space. Therefore, this article analyzes the relationship of professional adaptation and professional culture which in the context of network communication is determined by specific activities of the network professional communities, propagating certain values and behaviors. The level of information culture requires from individuals not only systematic knowledge and skills in information technology, but also the ability to think critically, to provide appropriate selection of information, to oppose network risks and threats, to use the communication network as an adaptive resource in the process of self-education.


Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin is a principal ingredient of an herbal tea formulation widely used for the treatment of common cold in southern China. An extract of the long leafstalk of the compound leaf of S. heptaphylla exhibited the most potent antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Further antiviral‐guided fractionation and isolation of the leafstalk extract of S. heptaphylla led to obtain two highly active pure triterpenoids, namely 3α‐hydroxylup‐20(29)‐ene‐23,28‐dioic acid and 3‐epi‐betulinic acid 3‐O‐sulfate, together with an inactive saponin, 3α‐hydroxylup‐20(29)‐ene‐23,28‐dioic acid 28‐O‐α‐l‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside. An antiviral assay using a cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method showed that the two triterpenoids possessed broader antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with a similar 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 6.25 µg/mL, influenza A (H1N1) virus with IC50 values of 25 and 31.3 µg/mL, Coxsackie B3 (Cox B3) virus with IC50 values of 12.5 and 20 µg/mL and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) with IC50 values of 18.8 and 25 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the saponin did not have antiviral activity against these four viruses at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A programmable controller (200) is provided with a directive-executing engine unit (219) for executing a user program to carry out a calculation, and nonvolatile memory (215) for storing the results of the calculations. When the calculations for one cycle are finished in the user program, the directive-executing engine unit (219) transitions to a temporary suspension mode in which calculations for a new cycle are not performed, and stores the results of the calculation for that one cycle in the nonvolatile memory (215). When a suspension-canceling indication command for indicating the canceling of the temporary suspension mode is received from a simulation device (100), the directive-executing engine unit (219) cancels the temporary suspension mode and sends the results of the calculation for the cycle that is stored in the nonvolatile memory (215) to the simulation device (100).


Significant damage to the environment and huge economic losses are potential problems caused by leakage from petroleum pipelines. The occurrence of a leakage in a pipeline throughout its lifetime is very difficult to prevent. To minimize environmental damage and high economic losses, an efficient pipeline monitoring system is required to carry out damage characterization thereby enhancing quick response. The signal processing technique of sampling and reconstruction was adopted and mathematical algorithms for the characterization of damages in pipes were developed using the Fourier transform method. These were simulated with the results showing a good agreement between the shapes and magnitudes of the measured original and reconstructed pulses. The simulation was verified with experiments on the test rig. The results showed an underestimation in the magnitudes of the reconstructed pulses in the range of 40 – 45 %. This problem was solved by using a factor K obtained by dividing the maximum amplitude value of the original pressure pulse by that of the reconstructed pulse. Reconstruction of the measured original pulse at a damage location was achieved from combining the measured pulses from two other close locations using the developed Fourier transform based model.
Keywords: Damage Pipeline-monitoring Characterization Fourier transform Reconstruction


Summary We show how certain basic results about cycles in directed and undirected graphs can be used to solve some clever problems that appeared in major mathematics competitions.


s, read full-text articles, and extracted data. The quality of the studies was also assessed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome was the association between antidepressants during pregnancy and ASDs. Secondary outcomes were the associations between antidepressants in each individual trimester or before pregnancy and ASDs. RESULTS Our literature search identified 10 relevant studies with inconsistent results. For prenatal exposure, the meta-analysis on the 6 case-control studies (117 737 patients) evidenced a positive association between antidepressant exposure and ASDs (odds ratio [OR], 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.20). The association was weaker when controlled for past maternal mental illness (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.09-2.12). A similar pattern was found whatever the trimester of exposure considered (first trimester: OR, 2.09, 95% CI,1.66-2.64; second: OR, 2.00, 95% CI, 1.55-2.59; and third: OR, 1.90, 95% CI, 1.20-3.02. Controlled for past maternal mental illness: first trimester: OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.27-2.52, second: OR, 1.67, 95% CI, 1.14-2.45; and third: OR, 1.54, 95% CI, 0.82-2.90). No association was found when the 2 cohort studies were pooled (772 331 patients) for the whole pregnancy (hazard ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.91-1.74) or for the first trimester. In addition, preconception exposure to antidepressants was significantly associated with an increased risk for ASDs (OR controlled for past maternal illness, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.49-2.09). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE There is a significant association between increased ASD risk and maternal use of antidepressants during pregnancy; however, it appears to be more consistent during the preconception period than during each trimester. Maternal psychiatric disorders in treatment before pregnancy rather than antenatal exposure to antidepressants could have a major role in the risk for ASDs. Future studies should address the problem of this potential confounder. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171(6):555-563. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0124 Published online April 17, 2017. Supplemental content Author Affiliations: Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article. Corresponding Author: Florence Gressier, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Univ Paris Sud, Bicêtre University Hospital, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (email@example.com). Research JAMA Pediatrics | Original Investigation


Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to introduce the papers in this special issue and outline the essential features of the resilient school approach, and the child‐focused approach of Noreen Wetton in her work in health education on understanding children and young people.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper shows distillation of the key principles used in the two complementary approaches.

Findings

– The paper finds that resilience is a life event phenomenon that buffers against circumstances that normally overwhelm a person's coping capacity. It is linked with "coherence", or the ability to handle stress‐related problems, "connectedness" and the ecological model encompassing a lifespan approach, within key settings that influence the individual's psychosocial development. Preventive population health practices that address the strengthening of human, social and organisational capital may well promise greater success in fostering population health, and particularly resilience, than traditional psycho‐educational strategies. These become increasingly effective as the whole school approach is implemented as young people engage and participate fully in research and decision making – key principles of Noreen Wetton's approach to health promotion.

Practical implications

– The paper shows the need to focus on seeking the positive in any educational opportunity, to listen to young people and find out what they believe and feel, and to address health problems through attempting to strengthen people's capacity to cope rather than just shielding them from adversity.

Originality/value

– The paper, in showing this is the first time these two strands have been brought together in this way, has a wide value widely across health education and health promotion.


Objective:To summarize the efficacy of the dispelling chloasma tea for female chloasma and its untoward reaction according to clinical trials.Methods:Treatment group which includes 126 cases that take'dispelling chloasma tea' every day,and control group which include 83 cases that take' eight ingredients with motherwort capsule'every day,the periods of treatment of both groups are two months,the efficacy before and after treatment and the levels of four sex hormones were observed and the results of two groups were analyzed and compared each other using statistical methods.Result:the effective rate of treatment group was 91.6%,the control group was 74.7%(P0.01),the discrepancy was very obvious;the levels of serum estradiol of both groups decreased obviously before and after treatment,and the treatment group did it better(P0.05).Conclusion:'dispelling chloasma tea'has the determined curative effect to female chloasma,and it has no untoward reaction.


Aims Increasing demand and high rates of non-attendance (DNA) lengthen waiting lists for psychiatric services, a topic of significant public and political interest. NHS Lothian data between 2009/10 and 2018/19 averaged a DNA rate of 19% for new patient appointments. Our aim was to analyse the waiting list and DNA rate for patients referred for a routine Consultant-led General Adult Psychiatry outpatient clinic appointment (OPCA) within the North-West Edinburgh Community Mental Health Team. The goal was to identify lost clinical time and areas for service development. Methods We collected data of all patients on the waiting list for a routine OPCA, excluding 'soon' or 'urgent' appointments and those on the separate Neurodevelopmental Disorder waiting list. We collected data of all OPCA attendances between 1st of January 2020 and 1st of January 2023. In line with Royal College of Psychiatrists guidance, we allocated 30 minutes for a return patient and 60 minutes for a new patient to determine lost clinical time due to DNAs. Data were collected from NHS Lothian Analytical Services and anonymised in line with NHS Information Governance Policy. Results 221 patients were on the waiting list for an appointment. 52% of patients were female (n = 115). The longest wait was 10 months. Between the 1st of January 2020 and the 1st of January 2023, 1961 new patient appointments were booked. 263 were cancelled prior to the appointment. Of the appointments remaining, 30% were DNAs (n = 505), resulting in 505 lost clinical hours, an average of 168 hours/year. 9172 return patient appointments were booked. 1189 were cancelled in advance. 22% were DNAs (n = 1812), resulting in 906 hours of lost clinical hours, an average of 302 hours/year. Conclusion DNAs have a direct impact on service provision. Were our service to reduce our DNAs to the Lothian average for General Adult Psychiatry new patient OPCA, we would save on average 61 clinical hours/year. We will disseminate this information to the NHS Lothian Digital Experience Mental Health Team to support the introduction of a text reminder service, before involving the NHS Lothian Quality Improvement team to explore the impact of this intervention on DNAs. Furthermore, being placed on a waiting list can be an uncertain time for patients. We will create a waiting list pack for patients, including information of local supports and emergency contacts. We will pilot this in our sector before disseminating to other teams in Lothian.


The commentary is concerned with 15 verse inscriptions, the composition of which was probably commissioned from Simonides. The commentaries on the individual inscriptions, taking their historical, literary, and architectural contexts into consideration, follow the discussion of the archaic and classical epigrams in the first part of the book.


There is general agreement that Helicobacter pylori eradication is indicated in all infected patients with duodenal ulcer disease and is probably indicated in all infected patients with gastric ulcer disease. However, translation of treatment recommendations into practice leads to some difficult clinical decisions. Three of the more perplexing questions are whether or not all patients with dyspepsia and H. pylori should be treated, whether or not a definitive diagnosis of ulcer should be established by an invasive method, and whether H. pylori eradication is sufficient to prevent recurrence of bleeding ulcers, especially in patient groups that have a high frequency of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. Another common problem is the question of whether or not to establish the success of an eradication regimen in an individual patient and the choice of method to obtain this information. There is also an obvious need to develop better antimicrobial regimens aimed specifically at Helicobacter pylori.


reating safe supportive schoolsis essential to ensuring students'academic and social success.There are multiple elements to estab-lishing environments in which youthfeel safe, connected, valued, andresponsible for their behavior andlearning. Key to this is preventing vi-olence in all forms whether bullying,aggressive classroom behavior, gunuse, or organized gang activity. In recent years, school administra-tors have worked hard to ensure safe-ty at school and it is encouraging toknow that their efforts are making abig difference. The U.S. Departmentsof Education and Justice issue anannual report on school crime andsafety, and the 2004 report (DeVoe etal., 2004) shows that in most areasschool violence has decreased signifi-cantly among secondary schoolstudents:• Students who report being afraid atschool decreased from 12% in 1995 to6% in 2003• Between 1993 and 2003, the per-centages of students reporting thatthey had a fight on school property inthe past year declined from 16% to13%• Between 1993 and 2003, the per-centage of students carrying a weaponat school in the past 30 days declinedfrom 12% to 6%.The basic principles that underlieeffective strategies to reduce violentbehavior are the same as those thatunderlie strategies that promote healthydevelopment and learning for all stu-dents. Effective approaches balancesecurity measures and discipline withpositive supports, skill building, parentand community involvement, andimproved school climate. Successfullyincorporating these principles as foun-dations of school policy and procedurewill not only reduce violence but alsoimprove academic and social outcomesfor all students.


We have designed an electrodeposition system employing multiple rotating disc electrodes (RDE) in a single electrochemical bath, with an aim to develop a mean to obtain homogeneous zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films with a high reproducibility, as the reaction is known to be strongly limited by mass transport. Substrates such as F-doped SnO2 (FTO) coated glass having no electric conduction on the back side were furnished into a geometry of RDEs employing conductive and insulating tapes. The shape of the active electrode area was determined through tests. Also, the influence of the position of the RDE in the electrochemical bath was tested. Having confirmed that neighboring RDEs do not interfere each other, eight RDEs were placed like a roulette in a single electrolytic bath. The resulting eight ZnO samples electrodeposited by using the eight RDE system were almost identical with the standard deviation of less than 0.3% for their thickness. © The Electrochemical Society of Japan, All rights reserved.


Photocatalytic degradation failure is a significant environmental pollution problem. Therefore, this article emphasizes the in-depth photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) by UV light irradiation using ZnO photocatalysts nanoparticles every 30 min of a time interval and examines the improvement in the irradiation period. The sol-gel co-precipitation route produces the photocatalyst ZnO nanoparticle to eliminate MB dye. The characterization studies of ZnO photocatalysts are explored by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron, and UV visible spectroscopic techniques. The XRD study elucidates a lesser crystallite size of the order 24.71 nm with a small microstrain, and dislocation density boosts the ZnO nanoparticle to act as dilapidation of 10 ppm of MB colourant. The SEM photographs of Zinc oxide nanoparticles reveal the nanospeck dimension of 32 nm. The EDX and Elemental mapping explore the composition of the ZnO photocatalyst. The syntheses of ZnO nanoparticles have low overpotential for HER (Hydrogen Evolution Reaction). A very low slope of 41.2 mV/dec represents the Volmer-Tafel mechanistic pathway for the HER process. Chronopotentiometry was conducted, and the amount of hydrogen collected during these experiments was 21 ml for the ZnO nanoparticles.


The purpose of this article is to provide an elementary introduction to the subject of chaos in the electromechanical drive systems with small MPTPRS. In this article, we explore chaotic solutions of maps and continuous time systems. These solutions are also bounded like equilibrium, periodic and quasiperiodic solutions. Chaos can be defined on bounded-state behavior that isn't equilibrium solution or a periodic solution or a quasiperiodic solution. The attractor associated with chaotic motion in state space is not a simple geometrical object like a finite number of points, a closed curve or a torus. Chaotic attractor are complicated geometrical object st hat posses fractal dimensions.


Study Design. Case report. Objective. To report a case of HIV-related lipodystrophy with a rapid onset of symptoms from epidural lipomatosis in the wake of protease inhibitor and steroid treatment. Summary of Background Data. Symptomatic spinal epidural lipomatosis is considered to be a rare condition usually presenting with slowly progressive cord or nerve root compression. Only 2 cases of spinal lipomatosis in HIV-related lipodystrophy have been reported. Methods. We describe the case of a 41-year-old male with HIV who received protease inhibitor medication and had neurologic deficits rapidly develop. Results. The patient had complete paraplegia develop within 12 hours from admission following a 1-day history of unsteady gait and a 3-day history of leg numbness. After diagnosis of epidural lipomatosis on magnetic resonance imaging, the patient underwent decompressive thoraco-laminectomy. He recovered well and was able to walk by postoperative day 4. Conclusion. It is important to maintain an awareness for the possible association between HIV lipodystrophy and symptomatic epidural lipomatosis.


Focusing on a string-hole gas within the pre-big bang scenario, we study the stability of its solutions in the phase space. We firstly extend the analysis present in the literature relaxing the ideal-gas properties of the string-hole gas, taking into account a (bulk-)viscosity term. Then we consider the case of a theory described by a complete O(d,d)-invariant action up to all orders in $\alpha^{\prime}$-corrections (the Hohm-Zwiebach action), studying the stability of the string-hole gas solution with or without the introduction of the viscosity term. Furthermore, the bulk viscosity is also considered for two different first order $\alpha^{\prime}$-corrected actions: the Gasperini-Maggiore-Veneziano-action and the Meissner-action. The results obtained show how the viscosity can help to stabilize the string-hole gas solution, obtaining constraints on the equation of state of the gas.


The methods of synthesizing polyurethane with the reaction of isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI) and paper were investigated.The combination of multimedia microscope and IR analysis was used to analyze the chemical and physical characteristics of the polyurethane derived from paper and the forming mechanism of the polyurethane structure.The strength of the polyurethane derived from paper is different depending on the pulps used,the order of strength from high to low is cotton pulp,softwood pulp,hardwood pulp and reed pulp.When cotton pulp is used and its beating degree is(73°SR,) dosage of IPDI is 12%,reaction time 10 min and temperature 60℃,the breaking length of the resultant product increases by 58.40%,and wet strength/dry strength is 50.61%,folding endurance increases 12.4 times,burst index increases by 67.73%.It is found that carbonate bond is formed between IPDI and cellulose of the fibers when the paper is treated with IPDI.The hydrogen bond can be changed into chemical bond and the paper's physical strength,especially the wet strength is enhanced through this treatment.


The gp41 inhibitors were selected as targets to investigate the interactions between gp41 inhibitors and the structure of small molecules using topomer comparative molecular field analysis(CoMFA) methods.The small molecule inhibitors are chosen from the literatures,and the molecule model was constructed by using Topomer CoMFA.Then,the predicative ability of the model was analyzed according to the statistical method and an ideal prediction model is obtained.These results may give guidance in the future research including the activity prediction of the compounds,the structure modify of molecules,and drug design.


Along with research-based and state-of-the-art reviews, book reviews can be found in language teacher periodicals. However, less attention has been given to reviews on academic books emphasizing on the issues of cognitive engagement. As such, this paper seeks to review the book entitled, Fifty Strategies to Boost Engagement: Creating a Thinking Culture in the Classroom (50 Teaching Strategies to Support Cognitive Development) by Rebecca Stobaugh. Generally, this book adds to our understanding of how an educator needs to improve on the skill of engagement particularly through the cognitive domain.


The issues to which the article by Martens et al. is devoted are extremely complex, and do not really lend themselves readily to drawing general conclusions. Also, although the data are intrinsically interesting, these issues cannot be greatly clarified on the basis of quantified outcome data. Certainly the fact that for those cases, which have been published, there was no difference in mortality and graft survival in patients with mental retardation (MR) is worth noting, but is less meaningful as there is so little information available regarding the general health status of the patients. A priori there seems to be no reason for poorer biomedical outcome of transplantation in situations where responsible caregivers supervise post transplant management, than in the case of presumably responsible patients. More meaningful are the figures relating to access policies for MR patients requiring transplantation. Clearly in view of present general policy, thought and ethical opinions, restricting access to this lifesaving no longer experimental treatment modality would not be defensible, and certainly could not be acceptable when applied to the MR population. Moreover, in my own experience and that of others, advance decisions concerning post-transplant quality of life are questionable at best. During my own clinical experience with kidney transplantation in children and adolescents I learned how impossible it is to develop clear-cut, justifiable criteria for exclusion of patients, even in the face of limited availability of suitable organs. More specifically, we did have questions about acceptability for re-transplant in patients who had lost previous transplants due to non-compliance with the treatment regimen. Still, in most cases we decided to stay with our overall decision-making protocol. Happily, we had some very satisfactory outcomes the second time around. Another confounding factor in this tricky arena is that in pediatric practice the age of the patient at the time of renal failure has been shown to make a significant difference in coping and future adaptation. The samples on which the present review is based cover a wide age range; perhaps too wide a range to produce clear results. One last caveat in generalizing from this report of past experience to future decision-making lies in the fact that post-transplant regimens are in the process of constant change. In the case of renal disease, they certainly are less complex than they were before. In my own opinion the only morally justified approach to these insoluble conundrums is to go into the experience with an open mind, a critical scientific attitude, and learn more in order to promote evidence based decision-making pertaining to transplantation and specific support measures that might be needed in the future.


This paper focuses on the analysis of fly-ash aerated concrete particles applied into BAF. The comparative analysis of the removal rates of COD and NH3-N during the period of start-up period demonstrates the superiority of organic removing bacteria in biological film on the packing materials surface in the initial stage of start-up. Under the condition of the operation of BAF in different gas-water ratio, hydraulic loading rate and organic load, the comparative analysis of the removal rate of COD andNH3-N concludes that nitrobacterium becomes the main ingredient of biological film after gradually grows mature and surpasses organic removing bacteria during the period of the operation of BAF, concluding that the biological film of nitrobacterium is easily to be attached to the surface of fly-ash aerated concrete particles.


 GS010 reported to be safe and well-tolerated  A clinically meaningful improvement of +11 ETDRS letters reported in the 37 subjects in both eyes  Unexpected improvement in the untreated eye suggests a bilateral treatment effect to be further investigated  SD-OCT demonstrated statistically significant preservation of both retinal ganglion cells and retinal fiber layer in treated eyes vs. untreated eyes


This article aims to investigate the construction, relocation and abolition of the old Daegu Line, and to reveal material and spatial ironies which have appeared in the process. For this, the second section explains a rail-system in terms of nexus system and panoramic landscape which John Urry suggests as the characteristics of the rail-system which is a kind of mobility system. The third section reviews the historical process of construction and relocation of the Daegu Line, and suggests its spatial implications. The fourth section explains a spatial fix from the old Daegu Line to Daegu Line Park in terms of changes from rail (nexus) to pedestrian (series) system, and from panoramic to balcony view. Significantly, the article argues that while being dependent on the elements of the rail-system space of the old Daegu Line, the new pedestrian system space of Daegu Line Park is constructed. That is, the mechanical elements of the rail-system which had connected places were transformed into material and symbolic elements constructing the identity of place in the pedestrian spaces.


Dirt-track auto racing, spread across the U.S. and concentrated in the nation's Heartland, is largely unexplored territory within the cultural studies field. In turn, this project addresses contemporary Kansas-centered auto racing as a cultural sphere composed of spaces, objects, and practices derived from the "action" on the dirt oval. Participant-observation ethnography comprised the bulk of research, conducted over three years in garages, museums, and other spaces in which racing-related practice took place. Research and analysis were driven by an identity-based inquiry: How do participants construct senses of self in relation to the Kansas dirt-track racing community? On one hand, I trace processes of reproduction within the racing sphere. Identity ideologies and organizations have long reflected male dominance of competitive spaces, as well as the ubiquity of Whiteness among participants in general. Gendered organization appeared to result, in part, from the patrilineal routes through which men socialized boys into mechanical and operational familiarity with race cars. As a result, locally hegemonic masculinity was constructed around automotive-mechanical competency, competitiveness, and "rugged" engagement with speed and objects that threaten bodily harm. On the other hand, I address the ways in which racing practice entails reformulations of dominant cultural structures. When articulating the appeal of dirt-track racing, participants emphasized variety and disruption, especially in regards to "exciting" on-track "action," which was contrasted against the mass culture of corporatized NASCAR. Furthermore, drivers embraced the opportunity to enact industrial productivity through their small-group racing operations; in doing so, they exercised power and sovereignty not typically present in their predominantly working-class occupations. As a whole, contextualized within a culturally shifting Kansas, participants converged within the racing sphere to find a sense of localistic community, thus engaging in "intimate collisions" both on and around the track.


The reproductive-toxic effects after an oral administration of Cadmium as Cadmium chloride on testes and epididymidis of mature Wistar rats were investigated. After daily dosages of 0.3, 0.6, 1.0 oder 2.0 mg CdCl2/kg b.w. over one or two weeks no changes of testes and epididymidis were detected in comparison with control animals by histological observations. By means of morphometrical methods significant changes of the testes from a dosage of 1.0 mg/kg b.w. and changes of the epididymidis previously a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg b.w. have been demonstrated. That means the effect level of Cadmium is higher by consideration of testes than of epididymidis. Consequently, during investigations of reproductive toxicity one hand to test both organs.


The acquisition of increasingly large analytical datasets from standardized air pollution monitoring stations allows more effective characterization of the fine aerosol cocktail breathed daily by modern urban populations. It is increasingly clear from such data that there is great variability in the chemical composition of inorganic inhalable particulate matter (PM10 = < 10 μm in size) in both space and time. Such variability can be demonstrated using selected tracer elements which, combined with source apportionment techniques, allow differentiation between natural (geological) and anthropogenic sources such as traffic and various industries. These tracer elements, which are commonly toxic metals, can be shown to concentrate in the finer, more deeply inhalable PM fraction, and are thus linked to potential inflammation and oxidative stress after inhalation. Legislation concerned only with measuring physical PM mass concentrations therefore fails to address potential health effects linked to chemical variations in ambient aerosols.


The BPM standard time signal amplifier is an important component part of the transmission system in BPM short wave standard time and frequency transmission station. Thisamplifier provides modulating signal for a group of transmitter. It is designed for two independent inputs (one main and one spare) and it provides seven independently bufferedoutputs. Monitoring signals for all input and output channels are shown with LEDs at thefront panel. The principle of operation, main specifications and design features of BPMstandard time signal amplifier are briefly described in this paper.


A CME-driven interplanetary shock traced from the Sun to Saturn by planetary auroral storms Renée Prangé, Laurent. Pallier, Kenneth C. Hansen, Russ Howard, Angelos Vourlidas, Régis Courtin, & Chris Parkinson LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 91370 Meudon, France Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, S.W., Washington, DC 20375, USA Californian Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the NASA Astrobiology Institute, MS150-21 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, USA


Knowledge development is a challenge for Faculty members. Understanding the classroom and societal dynamics allow to think other ways to learn. The fidget spinner is becoming popular among students. That is why in a geometry class from Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), the final project was to construct this artefact. During the activity, abilities to design were strengthen as well as to build from scratch the spinner. Students comprehend how it works but also can create new alternatives to improve the spinner cycle. Concepts became clear and the function of geometry take a better relevance for student's life.


Thispaperpresents the structural characterization of treeing phenomenaof a micro-composite material, composedofmicro-size inorganic silica filler added toepoxyresin. Thefractal dimension oftheelectrical tree andits relationship with filler content wasdetermined. Thedamaged areaoftree invarious contents offiller was alsoestimated. Furthermore, thelacunarity oftree withidentical fractal dimension wascalculated asacomplement offractal dimension characterization. Itisconcluded thatthe existence offiller makesthetreestructure more complicated by introducing obstacles to tree propagation, leading tothehighfractal dimension ofthe tree. Inaddition, itwasfound that thefractal dimension ofthetree wasveryrelational tothefractal dimension ofthecomposite material including filler particles. On theother hand, thelacunarity ofwithout-filler specimen wouldbelower than that ofinwith-filler specimen. Itis considered that thetreegrowth inwith-filler specimen wouldhave"localized-branching" attheinterface between filler andresin. Themorefiller content, the morelocalized-branching occurred, leading tothe heterogeneous inherent structures ofthetrees.


The invention relates to the technology of a heat exchanger, in particular to an air injecting and backflow flue gas entraining heat exchanger for a radiant tube combustion device. The heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger shell with a four-way structure, wherein the heat exchanger shell is connected with an inner core tube, a heat exchange tube and a high-temperature air injection tube; the high-temperature air injection tube has a conical reducing tube structure and is used for forming an air injection channel; the air injection nozzle end of the heat exchanger shell is connected with a main combustion nozzle through a corrugated pipe; and the flue gas inlet end of the heat exchanger shell is communicated with a radiant tube. In the heat exchanger, a conical reducing air injection pipe is added, negative pressure zone entrainment flue gas is formed, and the flue gas is mixed with preheated air; on the basis of effective heat exchange of the heat exchange tube, the preheating temperature of air is increased effectively; after the flue gas is mixed with the air, the oxygen concentration in a combustion zone is reduced, the generation amount of NOx is reduced, and the discharge amount of pollutants is reduced; fin structures arranged on the outer and inner sides in a staggered way increase a heat exchange area, and the turbulence scale of the flue gas and the air, improve a heat exchange effect, and utilize the flue gas afterheat efficiently; and the components are easy to assemble and disassemble.


Neither financial crisis nor a failure of policy can fully explain the Royal Navy's declining popularity. Rather, the case for more carriers, submarines and ships has fallen foul of altered political and technological circumstances and crucially, evolving notions of British national identity.


Increasing power dissipation has become a major constraint for future performance gains in the design of microproces sors In this paper we present the circuit design of an issue queue for a superscalar processor that leverages transmis sion gate insertion to provide dynamic low cost con gura bility of size and speed A novel circuit structure dynami cally gathers statistics of issue queue activity over intervals of instruction execution These statistics are then used to change the size of an issue queue organization on the y to improve issue queue energy and performance When applied to a xed full size issue queue structure the result is up to a reduction in energy dissipation The complexity of the additional circuitry to achieve this result is almost neg ligible Furthermore self timed techniques embedded in the adaptive scheme can provide a decrease in cycle time of the CAM array read of the issue queue when we change the adaptive issue queue size from entries largest possible to entries smallest possible in our design


Local image features, such as SIFT descriptors, have been shown to be effective for content-based image retrieval (CBIR). In order to achieve efficient image retrieval using local features, most existing approaches represent an image by a bag-of-words model in which every local feature is quantized into a visual word. Given the bag-of-words representation for images, a text search engine is then used to efficiently find the matched images for a given query. The main drawback with these approaches is that the two key steps, i.e., key point quantization and image matching, are separated, leading to sub-optimal performance in image retrieval. In this work, we present a statistical framework for large-scale image retrieval that unifies key point quantization and image matching by introducing kernel density function. The key ideas of the proposed framework are (a) each image is represented by a kernel density function from which the observed key points are sampled, and (b) the similarity of a gallery image to a query image is estimated as the likelihood of generating the key points in the query image by the kernel density function of the gallery image. We present efficient algorithms for kernel density estimation as well as for effective image matching. Experiments with large-scale image retrieval confirm that the proposed method is not only more effective but also more efficient than the state-of-the-art approaches in identifying visually similar images for given queries from large image databases.


To examine which parameters obtained from transrectal ultrasonography are accurate predictors of urodynamically‐confirmed bladder outlet obstruction in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia.


Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of shRNA targeting survivin gene on growth of graft of human cervical carcinoma in nude mice.Methods HeLa-s2,HeLa-NC,HeLa-U6 neo and HeLa cells were inoculated respectively into subcutaneous tissue of 12 female nude mice to establish 4 groups of xenograft models of human cervical carcinoma.Tumor growth status was observed and the tumorigenesis ability of the above 4 groups of xenograft were compared.The tumor volume was measured 5,10,15,20,25,and 30 days after grafting,and the tumors were weighed after the animals were sacrificed to observe the effect of shRNA targeting survivin gene on tumor growth.The expressions of survivin protein and FⅧRAg in tumor tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry SP method,and the microvascular density(MVD) was then calculated.Cell apoptosis in tumor tissues was observed by TUNEL method and the apoptotic index(AI) was calculated.Results Four groups of xenograft models of human cervical carcinoma were established successfully.Compared with HeLa group,the tumor growth velocity in HeLa-s2 group was slower,and the tumorigenesis time was delayed with the mean tumorigenesis time of 21.33±0.51d,while in HeLa group it was 7.22±0.37d(P0.05).The tumor volume of HeLa-s2 group was obviously smaller than that of HeLa group at every time point.At the termination of observation,the tumor weight of HeLa-s2 group was obviously smaller than that of HeLa group(0.369±0.043g and 1.150±0.136g,respectively,P0.05).The inhibitory rate to tumor growth in HeLa-s2 group was 67.9%.All the expressions of survivin protein and FⅧRAg examined by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues of HeLa-s2 group were lowered sharply,and MVD declined to 23.38±3.14.Apoptotic cells examined by TUNEL were increased in tumor tissues of HeLa-s2 group with AI of 22.73%±1.37%.No obvious difference was found among HeLa-NC,HeLa-U6 neo and HeLa group.Conclusion Survivin gene shRNA can reduce MVD in xenograft of human cervical cancer by inhibiting the expression of survivin protein,thus inhibit tumor growth and promote cell apoptosis.


Hydroxyapatite whiskers were prepared with diammonium hydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, nitric acid, sorbitol, HAP seed and carbamide by hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation. The HAP seeds served as whiskers nuclei and sorbitol served as template. The prepared hydroxyapatite whiskers were characterized by XRD,SEM and FTIR. It was indicated that hydroxyapatite whiskers with high crystallinity grew alone Z axis with carbonated trend, and the appearance of HAP was smooth, less magazine and no reunion, the length-diameter ratio of the whiskers was in range of 125-8 with the average is 32.78.


Accurate analytical models for the strain and stress in silicon induced by annular Through-silicon-via (TSV) are proposed. Finite element method (FEM) is used for the model verification. It is shown that errors for the strain and stress models are respectively less than 6.6% and 6.8% for various metal and dielectric materials. Based on the analytical model of stress, keep-out-zones (KOZs) are also evaluated for pMOS and nMOS, as the stress is parallel and perpendicular to transistor channel. Annular TSVs with various materials induce KOZs of less than 6.6μm. W exhibits the best thermo-mechanical performance with KOZ=0.


Objective Several conditions associated with reduced gastric acid secretion confer an altered risk of developing a gastric malignancy. Helicobacter pylori-induced atrophic gastritis predisposes to gastric adenocarcinoma, autoimmune atrophic gastritis is a precursor of type I gastric neuroendocrine tumours, whereas proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use does not affect stomach cancer risk. We hypothesised that each of these conditions was associated with specific alterations in the gastric microbiota and that this influenced subsequent tumour risk. Design 95 patients (in groups representing normal stomach, PPI treated, H. pylori gastritis, H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis and autoimmune atrophic gastritis) were selected from a cohort of 1400. RNA extracted from gastric corpus biopsies was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing (MiSeq). Results Samples from normal stomachs and patients treated with PPIs demonstrated similarly high microbial diversity. Patients with autoimmune atrophic gastritis also exhibited relatively high microbial diversity, but with samples dominated by Streptococcus. H. pylori colonisation was associated with decreased microbial diversity and reduced complexity of co-occurrence networks. H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis resulted in lower bacterial abundances and diversity, whereas autoimmune atrophic gastritis resulted in greater bacterial abundance and equally high diversity compared to normal stomachs. Pathway analysis suggested that glucose-6-phospahte1-dehydrogenase and D-lactate dehydrogenase were over represented in H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis versus autoimmune atrophic gastritis, and that both these groups showed increases in fumarate reductase. Conclusion Autoimmune and H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis were associated with different gastric microbial profiles. PPI treated patients showed relatively few alterations in the gastric microbiota compared to healthy subjects. SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDY 1. What is already known about this subject? Some conditions which result in reduced gastric acid secretion and hypochlorhydria are associated with an increased risk of gastric tumourigenesis. This risk is different in patients with H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis, autoimmune atrophic gastritis and chronic proton pump inhibitor use. Hypochlorhydria and H. pylori infection cause alterations in the composition of the gastric microbiota. 2. What are the new findings? We used 16S rRNA sequencing to characterise the microbiota in gastric corpus biopsies from a well characterised cohort of patients. The gastric microbiota was different in patients who were hypochlorhydric as a result of H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis, autoimmune atrophic gastritis and proton pump inhibitor use. Biochemical pathways associated with gastric carcinogenesis such as the fumarate reductase pathway were predicted to be altered in patients with atrophic gastritis. 3. How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future? Understanding how the microbiota that colonise the hypochlorhydric stomach influence gastric carcinogenesis may ultimately permit stratification of patients' subsequent tumour risk. Interventions that alter the composition of the gastric microbiome in hypochlorhydric patients with atrophic gastritis should be tested to investigate whether they alter the subsequent risk of developing gastric malignancy.


Physcomitrella patens – the so-called Arabidopsis of the moss world or 'green yeast' – is the first non-vascular plant to have its genome sequenced. This book is a review of previous and current research on this model moss and an invitation for others to consider using P. patens for their work.

This is a beautifully produced, well edited and generally easy-to-read volume for plant scientists. Bryological terms are well explained and there is a useful glossary for those unfamiliar with some common bryological terms and concepts. More knowledge is assumed with regard to molecular techniques, and an expanded glossary for those perhaps more familiar with the bryology but less so with the experimental biology would have been useful. Such an addition might also widen the target audience somewhat from the specialist plant scientist to the interested biologist.

The editors state in the preface that the book covers a broad range of topics including evolutionary and ecological studies using P. patens, its unique features and particular value in a variety of molecular work, as well as the use of P. patens to investigate standard biological processes. They have, on the whole, produced such a book and should be congratulated for this achievement. There is a focus on molecular work, which reflects the bulk of research to date on P. patens, but serious attempts are made to widen the scope and address some of the scientific gaps in recent studies.

The opening chapter is an up-to-date and easy-to-understand introduction to the current state of knowledge of the evolutionary history of land plants, and the positioning of bryophytes, especially mosses, on the tree of life. Despite promises in the chapter title, ecology is scarcely covered, which highlights the main omission in this volume and also previous research. Chapter 2 gives an excellent overview of the limited amount of experimental evolutionary studies on mosses in general, suggesting that 'classical genetic analysis of natural variation has been under utilised in the moss research community of late'. How true this is! This chapter pertinently illuminates the vast and exciting possibilities for future research in this area. Of particular interest is the recent development of P. patens mapping lines by the author.

Further chapters cover a vast range of research areas, some better established than others. Topics include: genomics, gene targeting and small RNAs, development, maintenance and the stress responses of P. patens. The exploration of gametangial development is accompanied by some clear figures that nicely illustrate the different growth stages, while the explanation of gene trapping techniques to identify novel genes important in development brings this section up to date. The chapter on the role of abscissic acid in stress (particularly dehydration and desiccation) is clear and succinct, providing a good overview of the current state of knowledge. The final chapter on pathogenesis in mosses is a comprehensive view of the great potential for using P. patens in molecular plant pathology studies. Interestingly, P. patens appears to be susceptible to numerous infections in the lab, yet is much less susceptible to disease in nature – although as the authors point out, this is likely due to limited sampling in the field.

The section of colour prints in the middle of the book is formed from a composite of figures from the different chapters. This was initially confusing, but the beautiful colour prints are a wonderful addition and serve to highlight the difference in detail that can be observed from the black and white photographs.

This is an excellent book on P. patens and will hopefully encourage its further use by molecular plant scientists. However, the scope of this book is broader and it should also be of interest to evolutionary biologists and ecologists. Just as the value of Arabidopsis in such studies is increasing, I hope that this book is the spark that ignites greater amounts of research on the evolution and ecology of mosses.


In unit dosage forms suitable for delivery through the unit dosage forms or dermal or mucosal parenteral, the ratio by weight of buprenorphine to naloxone to reach or the patient's plasma is delivered to the patient 7.5: 1 12.4: an amount of buprenorphine and naloxone as is in the first range, the composition. Analgesia buprenorphine is enhanced by naloxone low dose, it serves to reduce the potential for abuse of the compositions according to the drug addicts also play. Use of naloxone and buprenorphine for the manufacture of a therapeutic method and pharmaceutical pain are also provided.


This paper highlights a method of identifying emotional responses of any person based on a single front facial image by measuring distances between various face land marking points like the center of the eye, eyebrows, edge of the mouth & cheeks. We propose a method to determine the degree to which a person is smiling. This could vastly improve human-robot interactions, understanding customer feedback & overall product analytics.


This paper focuses on the current situation of the availability and use of forestry waste generated in sawmills of the Ecuadorian interandina zone 3. It specifically highlights information about different types of waste, its volume, sales price, and final location. Through the stratification of the sample, 38, 25 and 19 surveys were carried out with loggers from the cantons of Riobamba, Ambato, and Latacunga with a level of reliability of 95%. It was stated that the most common waste are sawdust, shavings, and wood scrap. The monthly production average is 2.92, 1.64, and 2.74 tons of waste in the first village. 31.6%, 40%, and 31.6% of sawmills in Riobamba, Ambato and Latacunga sells from 6.1-8, 4.1-6, and 8.1-10 dollars per ton respectively. There was highly significant differences in the sale prices (p<0, 0001) of the by product in the sawmills of the three villages. The evidence in Ambato is different and in contrast with sawmills in Riobamba and Latacunga which shows a similar behavior in selling forestry waste periodically in the stages of primary and secondary transformation. This, therefore, is in a bid to take advantage of the opportunities for the development of new enterprises.


Machines are getting intelligent day by day. Almost all the work of inside and out are executed with their help. Science has worked as boon to solve many complex problems but in spite of this, there are certain issues and challenges, which need to be addresses as soon as possible. One of them is psychological problems of human being like Tension, depression, frustration etc. which are now getting common in human personality. Humans species are very complex, Engineers and psychologists have traditionally cooperated in the study and design of interfaces between humans and the machines they wish to control. Today Science are work in understanding the human biological neuron network and understand the human behavior. Artificial Intelligence is an platform which help in understanding the human behavior and biological neuron system of the human. So, this is a paper which deals with today psychic challenges which have threatened the human life. With the help of machine intelligence, we try establish a framework which may work as an expert system and may help the individual to grow one as better human being.


An efficient method for automatic measurement of garment dimensions is proposed in view of the problems such as low efficiency,high rate of mistakes in the method for measurement of garment dimensions by manual.Firstly,a measurement system is designed and its feasibility is also analyzed.Secondly,aiming at the difficulties to measure the garment dimensions automatically,the image measuring technique is used and the SUSAN method is proposed for the detection of external corners of garment image,the retro-reflective target is also used for the detection of inner corners of garment image.And methods for dimensions calculating and error analysis are also proposed.This method has overcome the problem that the dimensions hard to be measured as the garment is flexible.Experimental results show that its measurement accuracy can meet actual apparel industrial measurement requirements.


The molecular methods for sex identification in birds are important resources commonly used in population studies, management and conservation plans, breeding programs and commercial poultry/farms. Recently, advanced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods based on melting curve analysis have been reported for Neognathae (non-ratite) birds. These genotyping strategies are simple, rapid, highly sensitive/specific and cost-effective, allowing high-throughput applicability. The evolutionary divergence and ancestral state of the sex chromosomes in the Palaeognathae (ratite) birds have hindered the utilisation of the sex-linked markers developed for non-ratite species. Therefore, the current PCR-based protocols for ratite species are restricted to agarose and polyacrylamide gels. The screening of new candidate sex-linked markers is mandatory to implement advanced PCR-based approaches in the routine molecular sexing of ratites. In this study, the nucleotide sequences of the Ostrich Z and W gametologous genes were used for the identification of new potential sex-linked markers, considering the optimisation of a molecular sexing protocol using the high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Four candidate markers (NTRK2, RASEF, TMEM2 and DAPK1) were characterised for four ratite species (Ostrich, Greater Rhea, Emu and Southern Cassowary). The male and female genotypes identified were accurately differentiated based on specific melting curve profiles generated. The discussion of the polymorphic patterns obtained and their influence on the reliability of molecular sexing are complemented with an overview of the classical PCR-based methods for ratite birds. This study highlights the potential and usefulness of the recently available genomic data for ratite sex chromosomes to identify new candidate sex-linked markers with simple in silico approaches.


Teachers' practical knowledge(TPK)is the knowledge about classroom context and practical dilemma,aiming at implementing intentional teaching behavior both for teachers and students. Research on teachers' practical knowledge in the west countries has changed tremendously in research perspectives,topics, approaches,methods and value-orientation over the past decade. It focuses on professional knowledge landscapes, ecology and discourse analysis in terms of research perspective and emphasizes pedagogic knowledge,practical knowledge reasoning and the amalgam of teachers' identity,beliefs and practical knowledge in terms of in research topics. As for research approach,it advocates collaborative research among different participants such as teacher educator,teachers,scientists,students and even educational administrators. While in research methods, multi-methods and theories have been adopted widely from interdisciplinary courses. In terms of the orientation of values,it strives to go beyond the sole particularity of practical knowledge and explore the amalgam of individuality and generalization,and contextualization and abstractness.


In the Ŕıo Cangrejal water-shed, northern Honduras, 4419 ha of humid lowland forests have been certified since 1993 through the SmartWood Programme, accredited by the FSC. This forest certification programme promotes sustainable management of forests and certification is given if management fulfils certain social, economic, and ecological criteria. The ecological criteria for certified forestry include limiting harvest intensity and minimising mechanical damage of logging. Based on these requirements, we hypothesised that in comparison to conventionally managed forests, the logging gaps of certified forests host more established saplings of timber trees, due to a higher abundance of seed trees left in the forest, and provide more favourable environments for the establishment and growth of timber seedlings, due to the control of negative logging impacts. We tested these hypotheses, using regeneration data of ten shade-tolerant neotropical timber species (n=46 treefall gaps). We analysed twelve ecological gap characteristics as determinants of sapling abundance, using a statistical approach that emphasises their sensitivity to the forest management system as well as their ecological role. We found that gaps in certified forests were characterised by lower levels of logging-related disturbance than gaps in conventionally managed forests. However, differences were relatively small, since loggings are done at low intensity and without heavy machinery in the area, in conventionally forests as well. Despite the more favourable gap environment, regeneration success was poorer in certified forests than in conventionally logged forests. As expected, highest regeneration was found in natural forests. The good regeneration success in conventionally logged forests was largely due to the high abundance of Mortoniodendron vestitum. To explain the remaining differences in regeneration between management types, we suggest that loggings in certified forests have been more intensive in the past, leading to a scarcity of timber seed trees. We further propose two alternative explanations related to treefall gap frequency: low logging intensity after certification may have led to low frequency of treefall gaps, limiting the recruitment of timber species; or intensive loggings currently maintain an environment with too much disturbance for the success of timber regeneration.


This is a comprehensive collection of facsimile original British Government documents detailing the history of the Emirates between 1961 and 1965. Key events in the history and development of the Emirates are covered in great detail: inter-emirate boundary questions which were increasingly disputed as the position of oil deposits became clearer; OPEC's involvement when Sheikh Shakbut of Abu Dhabi refused to sign the 50-50 agreement; the relocation of Ras-al Khaimah, which was being submerged, was addressed with funds from Kuwait and Abu Dhabi; in 1964 the Arab League Mission visited as did the Arab League Gulf Committee in 1965 and caused a flurry of diplomatic activity on the part of the British who wished to remain central to the foreign policy of the Emirates; and Iran was involved in a dispute over territorial waters with Ajman fishermen operating out of Kuwait.


The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of capital intensity and thin capitalization on tax avoidance with profitability as a moderating variable. The basis for research development was taken from previous researchers, namely Hidayat (2018). The sample for this study was selected using a purposive sampling method where the data used was 116 data from manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) consistently from 2018 to 2021. Research data analysis was assisted with the Econometric Views (EViews) software program . . The results of the study show that capital intensity and thin capitalization have a positive effect on tax avoidance, profitability does not moderate the effect of capital intensity on tax avoidance and profitability can weaken the effect of thin capitalization on tax avoidance.


As part of the new 950 MW power plant Frimmersdorf Block R, the owner RWE Energie AG is planning to build a 200 m natural draught cooling tower. This height is necessary to ensure the cooling capacity with respect to the local situation of the plant in the neighbourhood of a nature resort. Thus we will reach a new dimension in cooling tower design and construction. The linear extrapolation from 'normal' sizes to a height of 200 m is not possible, because the overall dimensions like height and diameter are increased non-proportionally in comparison with shell thickness and reinforcement mesh. Thus the dynamic behaviour changes in an unfavourable way, leading to more bending action in the shell. This paper shall demonstrate how these enhanced stresses can be met by an optimization of the cooling tower shape and by means of additional design and construction criteria.


The flow velocity profile after an elbow outlet is distorted.This distorted flow affects the flowrate measuring value of an electromagnet flow meter located at downstream of the elbow.When the flow meter's transducer is installed in such a position,that its electrodes axis is in an angle of 45~0 with elbow plane,the effects of distorted flow velocity profile will be reduced.The experiment procedure,test data and conclusion of this method are described.


Political advertising is one of the important areas of political communication. Advertise some information that can later affect the social values and ideals. Political advertising is capable of forming a political position of the individual candidate or party giving special set of characteristics and properties that can covertly placed him society. Among the great streams of political advertising, facing each voter, more difficult to distinguish really need objective information from specially prepared messages filled with hidden manipulative character. In such circumstances, it becomes controversial question of completely free choice of the electorate.Currently, there is an active development of the industry of political advertising, and the number of attempts to manipulate public opinion through its funds also increased appreciably.


With recent advances in sensor technology and digital image processing techniques, automatic image mosaicking has received increased attention in a variety of geospatial applications, ranging from panorama generation and video surveillance to image based rendering. The geometric transformation used to link images in a mosaic is the subject of image orientation, a fundamental photogrammetric task that represents a major research area in digital image analysis. It involves the determination of the parameters that express the location and pose of a camera at the time it captured an image. In aerial applications the typical parameters comprise two translations (along the x and y coordinates) and one rotation (rotation about the z axis). Orientation typically proceeds by extracting from an image control points, i.e. points with known coordinates. Salient points such as road intersections, and building corners are commonly used to perform this task. However, such points may contain minimal information other than their radiometric uniqueness, and, more importantly, in some areas they may be impossible to obtain (e.g. in rural and arid areas). To overcome this problem we introduce an alternative approach that uses linear features such as roads and rivers for image mosaicking. Such features are identified and matched to their counterparts in overlapping imagery. Our matching approach uses critical points (e.g. breakpoints) of linear features and the information conveyed by them (e.g. local curvature values and distance metrics) to match two such features and orient the images in which they are depicted. In this manner we orient overlapping images by comparing breakpoint representations of complete or partial linear features depicted in them. By considering broader feature metrics (instead of single points) in our matching scheme we aim to eliminate the effect of erroneous point matches in image mosaicking. Our approach does not require prior approximate parameters, which are typically an essential requirement for successful convergence of point matching schemes. Furthermore, we show that large rotation variations about the z-axis may be recovered. With the acquired orientation parameters, image sequences are mosaicked. Experiments with synthetic aerial image sequences are included in this thesis to demonstrate the performance of our approach. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Tony Stefanidis for his assistance, guidance and patience. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Drs. Peggy Agouris and Mary Kate Beard-Tisdale, for their support and feedback. Also I would like to express my appreciation to Spatial …


Abstract : A Parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) code's capability to predict the onset of laminar and turbulent boundary layer separation, forces, moments, and pressure distributions was investigated. Predictions of incipient separation show good agreement with experimental results. Force and moment calculations were found to agree favorably with experimental data for a wide range of geometries for mach numbers from 2 to 4 with turbulent boundary layers. Limited comparison of pressure distribution data also showed good agreement. Skin friction and Stanton number calculations are presented to indicate the code's capability to calculate this information and hence, provide a complete data base for attached flow conditions. The sensitivity of these calculations to smoothing and marching parameter variations was examined and found to be acceptable for most design work. The code was found to be suitable to complement or reduce wind tunnel experimentation for the design of this class of configuration with regard to accuracy, cost and usability. Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics; Separated flow; Supersonic freestream aerodynamic prediction.


Objective
To understand the etiological and clinical characteristics of children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Xi′an in 2018, and to provide the evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods
The children with severe HFMD admitted at Xi′an Children′s Hospital from January to December 2018 were selected as the research objects.Clinical data were collected, and the anal swab were detected by adopting real time(RT)-polymerase chain reaction(PCR).

Results
Ninety-five cases of HFMD were treated in Xi′an Children′s Hospital in 2018, of which 92 cases were severe and 3 cases were critical.Eighty-seven cases were positive for enterovirus nucleic acid, 30 cases were enterovirus 71(EV71)(31.6%), 39 cases were coxsackievirus A6(CA6) (41.0%), 3 cases were CA16(3.2%), 2 cases were CA10(2.1%) and 13 cases were other enteroviruses (13.7%). Among 95 patients, the ratio of male to female was 1.1∶1.0; the peak period of incidence of HFMD was from May to July, and the main age of onset of severe HFMD was under 3 years old.The main clinical manifestations were mental retardation, vomiting, irritability, lethargy and convulsion.Severe cases of CA6 are prone to convulsion.The main form of rash in CA6 cases was bullous rash, and demethylation may occur in recovery period.The rash in EV71 cases was small, thick, hard and few.After active treatment, only one child with EV71 infection died because of severe cerebral dysfunction, frequent convulsions and neurogenic pulmonary edema.The other child was discharged with hemiplegia and language dysfunction.The other severe children were cured and discharged from hospital.

Conclusions
In 2018, CA6 was the main pathogen of severe HFMD in Xi′an, with bullae was the main manifestation of skin rash, and nail removal could occur during convalescence.Critical and death cases were still caused by EV71.

Key words:
Severe hand, foot and mouth disease; Clinical characteristics; Etiology; Coxsackievirus A6


This thesis investigates the source, manufacture and use of chemicals in the bleaching and final finishing of linen. The eighteenth century was a period of tremendous expansion for the Irish linen industry. Such a sustained increase in output depended not only on the number and skill of the brown linen weavers but also on the bleachers' capacity to process this increasing volume of cloth. The major limitation to any increase in output was the bleaching operation which could take up to several months to complete. In addition, for most of the century bleaching was restricted to the period between March and October; only in the final decade of the century was winter bleaching introduced. While the transition to water-powered machinery certainly went some way towards speeding up the bleaching operation, it was on chemicals that the process was dependent. Without improvement in the quantity, variety and quality of chemicals, and in methods of applying them to the cloth, the growth of the industry would have been stunted. At the beginning of the eighteenth century the Dutch were pre-eminent among European nations in the art ofbleaching. By the mid-century Irish linen was successfully competing in quality and price with that produced in Holland and Flanders. The bleaching operation involved the repeated application of alkalis in the form of ashes, manufactured by burning vegetable material, followed by neutralization using sours (acids). The early reputation of the Dutch had been based on the use of high quality ashes and buttermilk sours, and on the care and attention given to preparing the ley and applying it to the cloth. By the 17508 most Irish bleachers were replacing kelp (ashes made from seaweed) with higher quality alkali in the form of barilla (ashes from plants from sea shore and salt marshes) and potash imported from Spain, the Baltic and America. Home-produced ashes were still used by some bleachers and their use intensified whenever war disrupted imports. Fermented cereals had been replaced as sours by buttermilk early in the century. The introduction of vitriol in the early 17608 gave Irish bleachers an advantage over the Dutch who continued to use milk sours throughout the country. Conversion from hand to water-powered machinery was well under way by the mid-century. The installation of larger machines, tub-boards, wash-mills and beetling engines required considerable capital investment to establish or re-equip a bleach-yard. From among the linen drapers and bleachers there now emerged a new class of capitalist bleacher capable of financing large-scale enterprise. After 1760 bleach greens increased in size, the total output of bleached linen now coming from fewer but larger bleach greens most of which were sited in the north of Ireland. Foremen bleachers were employed and among employees a degree of specialization gradually evolved in particular branches of bleaching finishing. Chemical advance in bleaching was mostly the result of independent research by individuals. The results of such research were put into practice by bleachers and to them must go much of the credit for improvements in bleaching and finishing. Surprisingly many bleachers were either unaware of or ignored any improvements in the quality


O) form a finite dimensional vector space over the field of complex numbers C [3]. We note that the vector space is called a k-th order (cohomological) solution space. In [5], an algorithm by which to determine the dimension of the vector space was given. In the present paper, we will present an algorithm by which to construct a basis of this vector space in a free module over the formal power series. In [5], we studied the adapted free resolution of D/I and an algorithm of computing restrictions of D-modules. The algorithm of evaluating the dimension of the germ of the k-th extension group was an immediate application of Cauchy-KowalevskiKashiwara's theorem on the restriction of the D-module D/I to the origin and the k-th extension group. In the present paper, we will explicitly construct matrix representations of boundary operators of complexes appearing in a proof of the CKK Theorem to construct series solutions. Let ¢¢¢ ψ i+1 ! D b i ψi ! D b ii1 ! ¢¢¢ ! D ! M ! 0


Models with variable parameters are increasingly being used in macroeconomics and in other branches of economics. The purpose of this note is to illustrate how the "Signal-Extraction Theorem" can be used to deduce different algorithms that enable us to es


This article takes as its starting point the remarks of Max Weber on the German and American university systems of organisation. It goes on to examine these more closely and in particular to see the differences in characteristics between the two systems as aspects of organization of knowledge and learning as well as of institutions. The development of the structure of the British University system is considered in the light of the German and American experience and, in conclusion, Weber's comments are seen as a framework within which modern concerns can be usefully analysed.


Biotechnology in animal feed using biological treatment such as cellulase is mainly aimed to increase degrade the cellulose; the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature. Information of using cellulase as biocatalyst for increasing animal feed quality as ruminants feed is limited. Cellulose is the major component of cell wall agroindustry waste after hemicellulose. This cellulase comes from Actinobacillus sp. that were isolated from rumen fluid of beef cattle. The aim of this research was to determine activity of cellulase and characterization of optimum temperature and pH. In this research identification with carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) has been done. Methods for cellulase activity was 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). The results showed that Actinobacillus which have positive activity of cellulase. Characterization of Actinobacillus sp. had optimum temperature 45oC with activity 1.42 U/ml and optimum pH 6 with activity 0.57 U/ml.


Formic acid is ubiquitous in ambient air, but its sources are far from being fully understood. Its dominant source is believed to be the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds, and in particular isoprene, whereas sinks comprise oxidation by OH, dry and wet deposition. However, ground-based and airborne formic acid concentration measurements are underpredicted by global models by a factor of two to four, especially in the boundary layer, and in the high northern latitudes. New insights into our understanding of the tropospheric formic acid budget are brought forward by recent measurements of global tropospheric columns of formic acid retrieved from the thermal infrared IASI sensor aboard the MetOp-A satellite platform. In this communication, we use the IMAGESv2 global chemical transport model to interpret surface concentrations of formic acid in the gas phase and in precipitation, as well as aircraft and satellite observations, and build constraints on the formic acid budget. Furthermore, the adjoint IMAGESv2 model is used to derive updates of the formic acid emission fluxes bringing the model simulations closer to the IASI abundances. The inferred fluxes are evaluated against an extensive compilation of independent formic acid measurements, whereas recently suggested evidence for a missing secondary formic acid source related to the aging of organic aerosols is also investigated.


Solutions to scattering problems are often formulated in the frequency domain which, for ocean acoustics, implies the surface is frozen in time. This may be reasonable for short‐duration signals but breaks down if the surface changes appreciably over the time of the transmission. Additionally, frequency‐do‐main solutions are impractical for source‐receiver ranges and frequency bands typical for applications such as acoustic communications (e.g., several kilometers, 3–50‐kHz band). The time‐varying nature of the sea surface adds to the complexity, often leading to a statistical description for the variations in received signals. A purely statistical description likely limits the insight that modeling generally provides. In this presentation we describe a time‐domain modeling approach to the sea‐surface scattering problem. The Helmholtz integral equation is used with the Kirchhoff approximation. The Green's functions representing the impulse response from all scattering points on the surface to the receiver...


We present the technique programme of weather radar Retrieving rainfall,and explain some key technologies and difficulties of implementing weather radar retrieving rainfall.Then,we introduce the design and implementation of rainfall retrieval system of weather radar based on MapX.


The experiences of international students have been mainly studied with one-to-one interviews. Researching experience with interviews is arguably limiting as they often fail to capture and delve into the historical, political and social production of everyday experiences. Having in mind these limitations, I took a different entry point to the experiences of international students in the UK during the period of 2012 and 2016. In my attempt to offer justice to the socio-political aspects of their experiences, I used the feminist methodology called Collective Memory-Work. Adding another layer of methodological complexity, I also conducted one-to-one interviews in order to compare and contrast the produced empirical material and the different research dynamics. This methodological experiment proved to be particularly valuable, as it contributes to the argument that research methods are as crucial as our theoretical and political lenses. In fact, they are ways to make these consistent with each other. For unpacking the possibilities and the potentialities of methodologies like memory-work, which is designed to be politically and theoretically situated, I use the thought of Rancière. His provocative view of representative politics as mere politics of policing versus everyday experimental politics offers another angle to reflecting on the politics of social research.


Two new organic-inorganic hybrid materials, (C6H10N2).Cl2 (I) and [C6H10N2]2ZnCl4 (II), have been synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and XRD pattern investigations. These two compounds are crystallized in the monoclinic system; C2/c space group. In the both structures, the anionic-cationic entities are interconnected by hydrogen bonding contacts and p-p Interaction forming three-dimensional networks. Intermolecular interactions were investigated by Hirshfeld surfaces and the contacts of the four different chloride atoms in (II) were compared. The vibrational absorption bands were identified by infrared spectroscopy. These compounds were also investigated by solid state 13C NMR spectroscopy.


Accounting has a long and rich tradition of activities and existence but various environmental factors resulted in distortion of accounting system. That additionally caused inconsistent accounting practices. Apart from internal factors, external factors affect accounting system more intensively. External factors intensity is disproportional and is influenced by historical heritage, cultural factors and by interrelationship between tax and accounting authorities. Factors interaction and interdependence affect business entities as they are forced to prepare a dual set of financial statements. That causes reduced information quality. Parallel reporting system reduces business competitiveness and increases capital costs which ultimately increase information redundancy. This paper presents diversity of environmental factors and connection with competitiveness calculation methodology.


We introduce a factorization for the map between moduli spaces of stable maps which forgets one marked point. This leads to a study of universal relations in the cohomology of stable map spaces in genus zero.


Lanthanide-encoded Polystyrene Microparticles: Formation Kinetics and New Syntheses Taunia Lydia Lynn Closson Masters of Science Graduate Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 2014 To obtain a better understanding of how lanthanide-encoded polystyrene microparticles are formed during their synthesis, I carried out kinetic studies of two-stage dispersion copolymerization (2-DisP) of styrene and acrylic acid, with or without added TmCl3, in ethanol in the presence of poly(N-vinyl2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) as a polymeric stabilizer. Particles of narrow size distribution and micrometer diameters were obtained, allowing us to compare rates of monomer conversion, Tm ion incorporation, and growth in particle size. The most striking result was that at the higher levels of TmCl3 most of the metal ion incorporation occurred late in the reaction. I examined the syntheses of polystyrene microparticles using end-functionalized macromonomers as stabilizer via dispersion polymerization (DisP). Although the synthesis in 95 % ethanol was successful, the particles were not colloidally stable in water. I also investigated the role of the co-stabilizer TX305 on the passive adsorption of proteins onto PS particles synthesized via DisP and 2-DisP.


The vaporization of samples of different chemical and phase compositions in the Na2SO4-K2SO4 system was investigated over the temperature range 1100 K–1400 K by the use of Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. The gaseous species Na(g), Na2SO4(g), K(g), K2SO4(g), SO2(g), O2(g) and NaKSO4(g) were identified in the vapour over the samples investigated. The thermodynamic activities of sulphates in the examined system at 1350 K were obtained, which allowed calculating the chemical composition of the vapours present in the high temperature zone of cement kilns.


I NCREASED UNDERSTANDING AND AWARENESS OF congenital cardiac disease has allowed early identification of these children. Advances in surgical techniques, anesthesia, and medical treatment have rendered the majority of forms of congenital cardiac defects treatable. Therefore, the incidence of pulmonary hypertension related to the Eisenmenger syndrome should decrease. However, some patients need treatment for pulmonary hypertension despite repair of defects. Heart-lung and lung transplantation remain the therapeutic options when medical therapy fails. According to the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation, 25% of heart-lung and less than 1% of lung transplants have been performed for adult patients with congenital cardiac disease. Similarly, more than 40% of heartlung and 5% of lung transplants have been performed in children with congenital cardiac anomalies. The objective of this session is to address four major points: the cost-benefit and risk-benefit issues for lung or heart-lung transplantation versus currently available medical treatments, the allocation policies for these patients, the risk-benefit issue for lung versus heartlung transplant, and the use of ventricular assist devices in patients with biventricular failure as to allow successful isolated heart transplantation following improvement of pulmonary hemodynamics.


Crystal structure determination of the title molecule, C30H24N2O2S, reveals that the pyrrole ring in this fused heterocycle, although presumably strained and reactive in cycloaddition reactions, does not differ appreciably from N-methylpyrrole except for a shorter C—C single bond [1.409 (4) A] in the pyrrole ring.


Satellite-based rainfall is extremely valuable data to quantify the probability of occurrence of rainfall events but is still uncertain to a certain extent. Therefore, this study firstly evaluates the performance of the satellite-based rainfall, PERSIANN-CCS, with rain gauge rainfall. The power transformation method is then applied to correct the satellite-based rainfall. Importantly, the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves are then constructed with the return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years using the Gumbel probability distribution. The results show an efficiency of power transformation on satellite-based rainfall for both rainfall amount and events. It is especially noticed that it is well matched between bias-corrected satellite-based and rain gauge IDF curves duration 12-, 24-, 48- and 72-hour as a particular. For the duration of less than 12-hour, satellite-based IDF curves without bias correction significantly fit the rain-gauge IDF curves within the considered periods.


The development of FBR fuel systems with high reliability and long in-core residence capability is required to make the fast reactor economically competitive with other electrical energy sources. PNC program of fuels and materials development has been primarily focused on mixed uranium/plutonium oxide (MOX) fuel with cold-worked 316 stainless steel for the past 20 years. Modified 316 stainless steel with excellent swelling resistance and high creep rupture strength was obtained for cladding and duct of the fast prototype reactor MONJU. Advanced austenitic alloys and high strength ferritic alloys are also being investigated for high burnup fuel assemblies of a long life core in large scale FBRs. In MOX fuel fabrication technology, extensive progress has been achieved during driver fuel fabrication for the experimental reactor JOYO. A new MOX production facility PFPF has been completed with fully automatic and remote handling systems. This facility serves for MONJU core fuel production. The improvement of f...


Bagnoli and Lipman (1988) have shown that ownership structure is a significant determinant of the division of the gains in tender offers. This article extends their model to allow for potential competition and for the bidder to acquire a toehold. We show that for some optimal bids, the number of shares expected to be tendered is "less" than the number required for control. Moreover, announcement day returns are predicted to vary cross-sectionally as they reflect both the degree to which the bid is anticipated and the bargaining power of the target's shareholders. We show that "free-rider" type results in which the target's shareholders capture all of the gains are due to extreme modeling assumptions. Copyright 1994 by Oxford University Press.


This paper introduces the method of V5 protocol testing based on PC to gether with the data structure and functions of program modules used in the design.The testing approach under Win95 is illustrated with examples and diagrams.