The main goal of this paper is to provide a connection between the generalized robustness of entanglement (R{sub g}) and the geometric measure of entanglement (E{sub GME}). First, we show that the generalized robustness is always higher than or equal to the geometric measure. Then we find a tighter lower bound to R{sub g}({rho}) based only on the purity of {rho} and its maximal overlap to a separable state. As we will see it is also possible to express this lower bound in terms of E{sub GME}.


We have recently shown that a polymyxin derivative, polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN), which lacks the fatty acid part, the bactericidal activity and the toxicity of polymyxin [1,2] nevertheless causes disorganization of the enterobacterial outer membrane (OM). Thus, PMBN makes the OM of smooth encapsulated Escherichia coil and smooth Salmonella permeable to hydrophobic antibiotics such as actinomycin D, novobiocin, fusidic acid, erythromycin and others, and sensitizes the bacteria to all those agents. Furthermore, PMBN sensitizes the PMBN to the attack of the complement cascade (M. Vaara and T. Vaara, manuscripts submitted for publication). Electron microscopic studies showed that fingerlike projections appear on the OM of bacteria treated with PMBN (M. Vaara and T. Vaara, submitted). These projections appear similar to those caused by polymyxin [3]. Polymyxin interacts with acidic macromolecules, including the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) present in the outer leaflet of the OM [4-8]. We have previously shown that the LPS of polymyxin-resistant pmrA mutants of Salmonella typhimurium binds less polymyxin and is less acidic (due to the nearly stoicheiometric occurrence of 4-amino-4-deoxy-arabinose in the lipid A part of the LPS) than the LPS of the polymyxin sensitive parent strains [8]. In the present communication we show that PMBN does not sensitize the pmrA strain (in contrast to the parent strain) to hydrophobic antibiotic~ Furthermore, we show that PMBN, like polymyxin, inhibits biological activities of isolated LPS (gelation of Limulus-lysate, consumption of complement). These results suggest that PMBN causes a disorganization of the OM by binding to the acidic groups of LPS, as does polymyxin.


In this work, first, we define quasi-Einstein Weyl manifold which is one of the generalization of Einstein–Weyl manifold. Then, we prove its existence and construct an example. Moreover, we consider quasi-Einstein Weyl manifolds with semi-symmetric and Ricci-quarter symmetric connections. Finally, we examine conformal and generalized concircular mappings of quasi-Einstein Weyl manifolds and prove that quasi-Einstein Weyl manifolds are invariant under the generalized concircular mappings.


The flow of shape eigenmodes of the small fluctuation operator around BPS 2-vortex solutions is calculated, as a function of the intervortex separation $2d$. For the rotationally-invariant 2-vortex, with $d = 0$, there are three discrete modes; the lowest is non-degenerate and the upper two are degenerate. As $d$ increases, the degeneracy splits, with one eigenvalue increasing and entering the continuous spectrum, and the other decreasing and asymptotically coalescing with the lowest eigenvalue, where they jointly become the eigenvalue of the 1-vortex radial shape mode. The behaviour of the eigenvalues near $d=0$ is clarified using a perturbative analysis, and also in light of the 2-vortex moduli space geometry.


More than 180 literatures about amino acid determinations for tea since 1907 were reviewed,and those determining methods relating to amino acids in tea were systematically introduced.According to the features of amino acids in tea,those tea pretreatment methods mainly including extraction and lixiviation,and those popular determining methods mainly including automatic amino acid analyzer,high performance liquid chromatography,capillary electrophoresis,etc.were described too.


This article provides a methodological illustration of how to conduct scientifically rigorous secondary interventions within the context of three-tiered models of support. Specifically, the authors demonstrate one approach for using schoolwide data to identify middle school students (N = 65) with both academic and behavioral concerns. Then, they describe how to conduct a group design treatment outcome study that compares two interventions (study skills [n = 34] versus study skills plus conflict resolution [n = 31]). Finally, they discuss features of this study that adhere to the core quality indicators recommended by Gersten et al. (2005) and provide recommendations for conducting scientifically rigorous secondary investigations within the context of three-tiered models of support.


ObjectiveTo monitor the morphology and size of yolk sac by ultrasonography during early pregnancy and evaluate the correlation between abnormal yolk sac and pregnancy. Methods The morphology and size of yolk sacs in 152 pregnant women were detected by vaginal and abdominal ultrasonography, follow-up was continued till their delivery. Results Of the group, there were 128 cases of normal pregnancy, 22 cases of embryo death and 2 cases of fetal malformation. The size of yolk sacs in normal pregnancy became bigger as the gestation proceeded from the fifth to the tenth week, then changed to smaller until they disappeared after the twelfth week of gestation. Significant difference existed between the size of yolk sacs in normal and abnormal pregnancy group (P≤ 0.001 ). Poor prognosis was observed in pregnancies with abnormal yolk sacs. Conclusion The health status examination of yolk sacs by ultrasonography during early pregnancy can be used as a measure to predict the development and alteration of pregnancy. [


Background: A lot has been written on post adolescent acne and its effect on quality of life in women but not in men. The differences if any between post adolescent acne in men and women is not known. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical features and quality of life affectation of post adolescent acne in males and females. Patients and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over one year on 77 patients who had post adolescent acne. Sociodemographic data was documented. They were clinically evaluated for lesion type and acne severity was graded. Quality of life impairment was documented using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) instrument. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance of all statistical tests was set at P<0.05. Results: There were 77 post adolescent acne patients made up of 27.3% males and 72.7% females. Prevalence of acne was 15.5% in males and 19.3% in females. Median age was 28 years in males and 31 years in females. Females had mixed lesions while males had non-inflammatory Original Research Article Anaba et al.; AJRDES, 3(4): 39-48, 2020; Article no.AJRDES.63625 40 lesions. Quality of life was impaired in all the participants irrespective of gender. Mean Cardiff acne disability index in males was 6.6 ± 3.2 and 6.5 ± 3.8 in females. In males, only the severity of acne impaired quality of life while in females, quality of life was impaired by severity of acne, age at presentation, presence of acne scar and presence of post inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Conclusion: Post adolescent acne in males and females differ in prevalence, family history, lesion type, type of acne, severity and quality of life affectation and the factors that negatively impact quality of life.


Taxonomic survey of representatives of family Pinnulariaceae (Naviculales, Bacillariophyceae) in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Two genera (Caloneis with 1 and Pinnularia with 12 species) and 20 taxa altogether, including 13 species and seven varieties that are not the typical of their respective species were identified. One variety, Pinnularia brauniana (Grunow) Mills var. sanctipaulensis Rocha, is described as new to science. Pinnularia brauniana (Grunow) Mills var. sanctipaulensis Rocha and P. subgibba Krammer var. lanceolata Gaiser & Johanser are the best geographically represented species in the Parque area occurring in 5 localities, whereas and Caloneis hyalina Hustedt, Pinnularia biceps Gregory var. biceps, P. grunowii Krammer, P. joculata (Manguin) Krammer, P. schoenfelderi Krammer, P. subanglica Krammer, P. tabellaria Ehrenberg and P. viridis (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg var. viridis are the least represented ones, been found in a single locality each.


A Spar is a deep draft platform for oil and gas production and drilling operations. One of the features of the Spar platform is the presence of a moonpool (or centerwell) inside the cylindrical hull structure. A unique aspect of the moonpool in Spars is the presence of partial closure plates at the bottom. The seawater goes in and out of the moonpool though these bottom closure (or guide) plates. Depending on the design of a Spar (e.g., the number of risers), typical period of moonpool vertical oscillation can be close to the peak of extreme seastate spectra. The Spar heave motion is thus coupled with the moonpool water oscillation and presents itself as a two oscillator problem. The complex behavior of moonpool and Spar heave interaction is largely ignored in current practice, via conservative assumptions (this is also due to lack of a mathematical model). A new model describing this interaction between moonpool water oscillation and the Spar heave has been developed in this paper. The results of the new model highlight the importance of the moonpool hydrodynamics in predicting the heave motions of Spars.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Colleges for nationalities are an important component of institutions of higher learning of China.Central working conference about ethnic affairs demands speeding up development of colleges for nationalities.We should grasp the opportunity to make full use of the advantageous conditions to quicken the development.


This paper gives detail analysis and presentation of nonlinear control method based on multiple models, including the principle of divide-and-conquer,main methods of modeling and control based on multiple models,and the system analysis approach relatively.The future development of nonlinear control method based on multiple models is also discussed in this paper.


Article covers the following subjects: CSI-Style Video Enhancement, Bolide Software's Image Comparer, 3D Models of Civil Engineering Projects, Nvidia's SLI Multi-OS.


Method of processing data to be transmitted in a multiple-input communication system comprises the steps of generating a beamforming matrix and the precoding matrix, the step of synthesizing the beamforming matrix and the pre-coding matrix to generate a weight matrix, and the generated comprising the step of pre-processing the data using the weighting matrix. A transmitter employing this method, a base station and a communication system are also provided.


In March 2002, a 48-year-old male patient was admitted due to left lower abdominal discomfort and fever. His past medical history included end-stage renal disease due to chronic glomerulonephritis. In 1989, he received a live donor renal transplantation and developed rejection 1 year later. Graft nephrectomy was applied to the transplanted kidney in 1992 and he received a cadaveric renal transplantation in 1999. The early postoperative course was complicated by acute rejection (on the third postoperative day). He received pulse steroid therapy (1 g/day for 4 days) and OKT3 during this period.


ABSTRACT This study focuses on the Federal Reserve and private forecasts of growth in real residential investment. The aim is to improve predictive accuracy by first evaluating these forecasts. The results for 1984–2015 reveal that the Federal Reserve and private forecasts are generally free of systematic bias, superior to the naïve benchmark, and predict directional change with high accuracy rates. However, these forecasts do not contain detailed information in consumer home-buying attitudes and expectations. Using a subset of such information and real-time data on residential investment, a knowledge model (KM) is constructed to produce comparable forecasts. The test results indicate that the KM forecasts of growth in residential investment contain distinct and useful predictive information, and the combined Federal Reserve, private, and KM forecasts show reductions in forecast errors that are more significant at longer horizons. As such, we conclude that consumer survey responses help improve forecast accuracy. Given that accurate forecasts contribute to the success of policy, more transparency in Federal Reserve Open Market Committee (FOMC) decisions is encouraged. With more transparency and clear communication, consumers are able to provide more informative responses, which can then be employed to produce more accurate forecasts of growth in residential investment.


The principle of zero flux current transformer is analyzed in this paper.A novel method which adopts nanocrystalline core and adaptive dynamic electronic circuit for dynamic zero flux of little current sensor is presented.


Some new observations on the behavior of magnetic fields during flares are described. Pronounced changes are revealed from a comparison of the magnetic fields present before and after a flare and there are indications of rapid changes of the surrounding field at the onset of flare. At the same time no appreciable changes of field at the very place of flare are found after the onset of flare. Motion pictures in H alpha and spectra of limb flares show the occurrence of ejections out of flare with a velocity gradient along the jet. The observed far wings of Balmer lines in limb flares agree better with radiation emission from a jet broadened by the velocity gradient than with line profiles produced by Stark and even Doppler effects, although Stark broadening is sometimes still adequate to explain observed profiles, especially their central parts. Experiments in the pinch effect in hydrogen show that Balmer lines are broadened mostiy by Stark effect when viewed across the axis of the discharge and by the velocity-gradient (produced by the pinch sausage instability and ejection of plasma through holes in the electrodes) more » when viewed along the axis. The generation of a flare is considered to be due to the contraction of solar plasma, initially in equilibrium and concentrated near a neutral point, under the action of the increasing external magnetic field of sunspots. It has been shown that even a comparatively slow increase in this field can lead to a rapid comparison of the plasma, giving rise to shock waves converging to the neutral point and to the ejection of plasma from the region between the shock-wave fronts in a direction perpendicular to the compression. It is also shown that ohmic losses can play an important role in the slow heating of faculae. (auth) « less


Aiming at realizing the coordination control of gait rehabilitation training robot,the coordination control method was proposed,including the coordination control of exoskeleton leg with treadmill and the coordination control of body weight support system with exoskeleton legs.At last the coordination control effect among exoskeleton legs,treadmill and body weight support system was proved by using dummy for experiments.The experimental result shows that the gait training rehabilitation robot can realize good partial body-weight supported gait training for dummy,which demonstrates a good coordination control effect among exoskeleton legs,treadmill and body weight support system,and lays the good foundation for further experiment with real patients.


The unexpectedly strong suppression of high p T heavy quarks in heavy-ion collisions has given rise to the idea that partons propagating through a medium in addition to energy loss by induced radiation also undergo substantial energy loss due to elastic collisions. However, the precise magnitude of this elastic energy-loss component is highly controversial. Although for a parton inside a medium it is surprisingly difficult to define the difference between elastic and radiative processes rigorously, the main phenomenological difference is in the dependence of energy loss on in-medium path length: in a constant medium radiative energy loss is expected to grow quadratically with path length, elastic energy loss linearly. In this article, we investigate a class of energy-loss models with such a linear path-length dependence and demonstrate that they are incompatible with measured data on hard hadronic back-to-back correlations where a substantial variation of path length is probed. This indicates that any elastic energy-loss component has to be small.


This is not an alien situation for our children in Pakistan. Many of our children suffer at the hands of untrained people who set themselves as experts of injections. The poor in the rural society have no access to quality health workers who live in the cities and the urban poor are afraid of modern doctors and their expensive prescriptions, they rely on someone friendly and cheap who appears more knowledgeable than they are. These formal and informal health care workers routinely prescribe injections to patients. Many of these injections are unnecessary 2 . WHO 1999 health report revealed that at least 75% of these are unnecessary 1


We present the results of a three-continent multisite photometric campaign carried out on the Algol-type eclipsing binary system RZ Cas, in which the primary component has recently been discovered to be a δ Sct-type pulsator. The present observations include, for the first time, complete simultaneous Stromgren uvby light curves together with a few Crawford Hβ data collected around the orbital phase of the first quadrature. The new observations confirm the pulsational behaviour of the primary component. A detailed photometric analysis, based on these observations, is presented for both binarity and pulsation. The results indicate a semidetached system where the secondary fills its Roche lobe. The appearance of the light curves reveals the presence of the mass stream from the secondary component and a hotspot where this stream impacts on the surface of the primary star. There are also some indications of chromospheric activity in the secondary. On the other hand, the pulsational behaviour out-of-primary eclipse can be well described with only one frequency at 64.1935 cd -1 similar to the main peak found by Ohshima et al. The existence of multiperiodicity is not confirmed in our data. Concerning the mode identification, our results indicate non-radial pulsation in a high radial order (n = 6), with l = 2, |m| = 1, 2 as the most suitable. However, additional effects must be taken into account in the predictions. Moreover, the pulsation amplitude in the u band is larger than in b and v, which is unusual among the δ Sct-type variables. This can be explained as due to pulsation in a high n value and close to the blue edge of the δ Sct region. On the other hand, the early data of Ohshima et al. have also been analysed and similar results are found concerning the frequency content and pulsational amplitude. Finally, a revision of all the photometric out-of-primary-eclipse data sets available in the literature is made together with some additional unpublished data leading to interesting findings relative to changes taking place in the pulsation amplitudes and frequencies from season to season. Furthermore, multiperiodicity is probably present in some epochs.


The article introduces the development of DCS (distributed control system) , and analyzes its application status in China. Combining the technical character of DCS and the development of new technology, the article indicates the new DCS is an automation and information united platform with process control、information management、open network communication.


Christian parents must teach and witness to their children and to society true married love, love that is exclusive, unending and fruitful. Christian couples are called by God to promote true conjugal love amongst other couples, especially young couples, struggling to live the Christian vocation of marriage, in the midst of a society whose culture does not support that love.


Hypertension (HTN) reduces LV compliance, increases LApressure and stretch, and alters atrial electrophysiology. These effects increase atrial fibrillation (AT). HTN reduces AF tolerance: reduced LV filling, LA emptying, and higher pulmonary vascular pressures occur with AF in a less compliant LV and increase congestive symptoms and/or reduce cardiac output. HTN increases the complications of AF: HTN is one of the markers of high embolic risk in AF. Importantly, HTN also alters therapeutic choices in AF. Calcium channel blockers become first line choices for rate control (and LVH resolution and HTN control) with beta blockers as alternatives. Warfarin becomes the indicated anticoagulant. When sinus rhythm is required, antiarrhythmic selection begins with a class IC agent, such as propafenone or flecainide. These are both non organ toxic and have the lowest proarrhythmic incidence in the normal ventricle and in the ventricle with only mild or moderate LVH, as in most hypertensives. LVH decreases outward K ÷ currents, increases action potential duration, and thus increases the potential for torsade de pointes. (The risk of K ~ channel blocking antiarrhythmicsl, making class IA and III agents somewhat riskier. Diuretics may also increase torsade incidence due to reduced K + and Mg ~. Ischemia/strain or fibrosis/wide QRS would, however, increase class IC proarrhythmic risk and shift the first line choice to sotalol. Finally, HTN is a risk factor for coronary artery disease which further alters AG tolerance and therapy selection.


Objective:To analyze the CT and ultrasound findings of Berry syndrome.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 6cases(2males,4females,aged 18days~7.5months,mean 81.2days)with Berry syndrome proved by surgery were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent echocardiography,3cases underwent contrast-enhanced CT examination.Results:3cases were diagnosed as Berry syndrome by echocardiography,the remaining 3cases by enhanced CT.Imaging features of Berry syndrome in this group included distal aorto-pulmonary septal defect(6cases),anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery partially or completely from the ascending aorta(right pulmonary artery orifice overriding on the distal septal defect in 2cases,and right pulmonary artery arising from the ascending aorta in 4cases),interrupted aortic arch(4cases of type A,1case of type B)or stenosis(1case)with intact ventricular septum.Large ductus arteriosus was observed in 4cases,small patent ductus arteriosus with collateral artery dilatation in 2cases.Accompanied malformations included atrial septal defect(5cases)and anomalous origin of left coronary artery from sinus tubular juction(2cases).Conclusions:Various malformations can be detected in Berry syndrome by CT and echocardiography,echocardiography is the first choice for preoperative diagnosis,and CT is an useful supplementary method.


One of the three-year Dutch schools in Aceh is called People's School (Volkschool). Starting with the few Acehnese who are aware that there were once schools built by Dutch colonialists in Aceh before the foundation of schools as they are now. Because the history of the People's School (Volkschool) is not widely known among Acehnese, it makes for a very fascinating study subject. The purpose of this study is to understand more about how the People's School (Volkschool) in Aceh was founded and how its educational system operated during the Dutch colonial era. By using library research methods (Library Research) and oral sources (interviews). This study uses historical research methods, namely heuristics (data collection), source criticism (data verification), interpretation (data analysis), and historiography. The results showed that the first People's school (Volkschool) was formed in Aceh on December 30, 1907 in Ulee Lheu. This was motivated by the Dutch goal of realizing the desire of the Dutch East Indies government to spread education as widely as possible at the lowest possible cost. the three years of instruction at the People's School (Volkschool). The reading, writing, and math components of the Volkschool curriculum are its format. The Dutch colonialists paid for the classroom supplies, including slate and grip writing implements. Parents of pupils are required to cover expenses ranging from 10 cents to 15 cents. No fees were ever taken from pupils, not even in the early years of the school's existence or towards the conclusion of the colonial era. The Acehnese may be employed by the Dutch colonialists even though the wages were extremely poor after receiving an education at this institution. Although the Dutch colonialists initially forced the people of Aceh to send their children to the People's School (Volkschool), this compulsion ultimately led to exceptional outcomes. Where the people of Aceh may produce an enlightened generation like the one we have today and are no longer illiterate in Latin.


Resumen en: F4 progenies from a cross between two sorghum lines (HRhb 94001 x Samsorg 3) were evaluated for two years under artificial head bug infestation (1998 and...


AbstractAnalysis of WRF Model output from experiments using two double-moment microphysics schemes is carried out to demonstrate that there can be an inconsistency between the predicted mass and number concentrations when a single-moment convective parameterization is used together with a double-moment microphysics scheme. This inconsistency may arise because the grid-scale and subgrid-scale cloud schemes generally apply different levels of complexity to the parameterized microphysical processes. In particular, when a multimoment formulation is used in the microphysics scheme and other physical parameterizations modify only the mass-related moment while the values of the second (or higher) moment for individual hydrometeors remain unchanged, an unintended modification of the particle size distribution occurs. Simulated radar reflectivity is shown to be a valuable tool in diagnosing this inconsistency. In addition, potential ways to minimize the problem are explored by including number concentration calcul...


A framework for understanding methodological practices from the perspectives of internal validity, external validity, statistical control validity, and construct validity is presented. One hundred doctoral dissertations completed between 1980 and 1988 at a single urban public university were analyzed for various methodological practices and types of statistical techniques used. Techniques were further coded into categories of univariate or multivariate designs and subcategories within these categories. In all, 201 techniques were discovered across papers, which were generated by the Departments of Educational Leadership and Foundation, Curriculum and Instruction, and Special Education of the university. Demographics, size, and other infemation about sampling techniques were also assessed. Randomization and convenience were the most typical sample selection techniques. Means of establishing reliability of the dependent variables and whether surveying was involved for each study were also determined. Additional features concerning the discussion of results in the dissertations were coded as well. The analyses indicate that the instance of use of specific statistical techniques has changed little during the last 9 years. Three data tables are included. (TJH) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** TRENDS AND METHODOLOGICAL PRACTICES IN SEVERAL COHORTS OF DISSERTATIONS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Once of Educational Reseaton and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOUR (RCES INFORMATION CENTEERIC) 04rus document MIS been reproduced as rece red from tne parson or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quattty e Points° ivies./ or opinions stated in tnisdectp merit do not necessarily represent official OERI position or coscy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY SAAmtn E Asott) TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Sandra H. Eason Larry G. Daniel University of New Orleans 70148 Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southwest Educational Research Association, Houston, January 26, 1989.


Revamping of the gas floatation clarifier with eddy concave type was summarized in refining wastewater treatment. It has more advantages of lower investment, lower operation fee, easier maintenance, higher efficiency etc. Its operation is steadier and its applied effect is obtained very well, so that it will be used more extensively.


SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEES During the third reporting period no change occurred in the compositions of the local Programme Advisory Committees (PAC) of both INFN laboratories (LNL and LNS) and the User Selection Panel for Interdisciplinary Research (USIP) of LNL which are available at: http://www.lnl.infn.it/~lnldir/UE/PAC-USP.html (LNL) and http://www.lns.infn.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=477&Itemid=223 (LNS). No change also occurred in the composition of the ENSAR User Selection Panel (ENSAR USP) available at http://www.lnl.infn.it/~ENSAR/. The list of the ENSAR USP members for the reporting period can be found in Annex 1.


Three cases of the driven subcritical reactors are analyzed for their neutron amplification and TRU depletion characteristics. Neutrons coming from ADSR, a fusion source, and a fast reactor (FR) are used to represent the corresponding driving sources. A modified MCNPX 2.6.0 in fixed source configuration is used to analyze neutron multiplication and to compare the contribution of the driving sources in depletion of the selected TRU isotopes. For a given subcritical core (keff=0.97731) neutron multiplication from these driving sources is about 53, 32 and 31, respectively. So, corresponding source strength required from ADSR is much less than its counterparts. Burning rate (expressed in grams per ton of initial TRU per MWD/kg of Burnup) of most of the isotopes in a driven system weakly depends on the driving source. Fissile isotopes (like Pu-239) burn more rapidly in a FR driven system (733 in FR driven system and about 720 in each of the other two). Production of some elements (like Curium) also depends on the driving source. It is concluded that the difference of driving source strengths, required to produce same power from a subcritical core is not proportionate to burning rate of the TRU isotopes.


Purpose We report a case of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and Anterior Uveitis (AU) responding well to Tocilizumab, a new humanized monoclonal antibody against the IL‐6 receptor, after having been refractory to classical immunosuppressive agents as well as to TNF‐α inhibitors.


We observed the long-range polarization transport in a system of indirect excitons in van der Waals MoSe2/WSe2 heterostructure. The polarization transport decay distance reaches and exceeds 100 microns and diverges at the resonant excitation.


Kuhnia eupatorioides is the generitype and principal species of the genus Kuhnia, which was retained by most workers up to the time of Shinners (1971), who reduced all of its members to synonymy under Brickellia. Subsequently, many workers have followed this submergence. Shinners recognized 7 species in the complex: B. schaffneri, B. leptophylla (with 2 varieties), B. chlorolepis, B. oreithales, B. mosieri, B. eupatorioides (with 4 varieties) and B. adenolepis. The distribution and morphological characters which distinguish these taxa are discussed and it is proposed that among those plants known to Shinners, only 3 species are involved: B. oreithales (a Mexican, montane element of SW Chihuahua and adjacent Durango); B. adenolepis (a local endemic of Jalisco, Mexico); and B. eupatorioides (a widespread species of the U.S.A. and adjacent Mexico). The latter species is believed to be com-posed of 6 regional varieties, 5 of which are contiguous, and all but one of which intergrade to some considerable extent with their allopatric consorts; these are: 1) var. eupatorioides of the eastern U.S.A., which grades into var. texana to the southwest and into the more western var. corymbulosa to the west and northwest; 2) var. texana (including var. ozarkana}, which grades into the var. corymbulosa to the west and with var. eupatorioides to the east; 3) var. corymbulosa, which grades into the var. eupatorioides to the northeast and into the var. texana to the southeast and into the more montane var. chlorolepis


Based on the systematical observation of several aspects of its biology, the relation of the parasitiod development to temperature was studied , and the preference of parasitoid to host larval stage was also determined by uniform design in laboratory, aimed at providing data for the protection, application and factory production of the parasitoid. The results showed as follows: (1). The adult female started ovipostion on 1 day post-emergence, and reached peak on 2~3 d at fluctuant temperature form 20 ℃ to 30 ℃, most wasps deposited only one egg into one host larvae, rarely 2 eggs , seldom oviposited more than 3 eggs; (2).The parasitoid can parasitize the host larvae from the 1st to 4th instar , but prefer to oviposit into the 2nd instar, when the later 1st-2nd ,3rd and 4th instar of host larvae were exposed simultaneously to parasitoid, Microplitis sp..The preference indexes to the later 1~2nd ,3rd and 4th instar were 0.4737,0.3210 and 0.2046 respectively; (3). After the early 3rd instar larvae was parasitized by parasitoid, the parasitized larvae had prolonged their 4th instar duration obviously, and the parasitized larvae had consumed less food, compared to nonparasitized host larvae. Moreover the parasitized host larvae could not enter into the 5th instar; (4). The relationship between the development rate of parasitoid and temperature could be well simulated by model of Stiner, Logistic and Liner day-degree, of which, the Stiner model was the best , followed by the Liner day-degree model. According to the models, the development threshold temperature for parasitoid egg , larvae, cocoon and one generation were estimated to be 9.206 ℃, 7.766 ℃, 10.196 ℃ and 9.683 ℃, and the thermal constant to be 28.864, 109.245, 89.360, 217.915 day degrees respectively. The optimal development temperature for parasitoid was also calculated to be 34.55 ℃,30.41 ℃,32.33 ℃ and 32.78 ℃ respectively.


Abstract 946 Deletions spanning chromosome 5q31.2 are among the most common karyotypic abnormalities in MDS, and evidence suggests that haploinsufficiency of del(5q) genes maybe an early genetic event. To test whether haploinsufficiency of del(5q31.2) genes contribute to ineffective hematopoiesis observed in MDS (i.e. abnormal proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation), we reduced the expression of HSPA9 (Hspa9 for the murine orhologue), one of the 28 genes, in primary human hematopoietic cells and a murine transplantation model using lentiviral mediated gene silencing. We purified human CD34 + hematopoietic progenitors from cord blood samples (>90% purity) and infected them individually with 5 unique lentiviral shRNAs targeting HSPA9 (each achieving 30% to >90% knockdown) and 2 control shRNAs. HSPA9 knockdown cells expanded an average of 6 fold less than control cells from days 4-7 in erythroid unileage differentiation culture conditions (SCF, IL-6, IL-3, and EPO) (p≤0.007). The reduced cell numbers observed in HSPA9 knockdown cultures was associated with an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in the number of cells in S-phase compared to control shRNA expressing cells (p≤0.008) (increased membrane depolarization and active Caspase-3 expression were also observed with HSPA9 knockdown). In addition, after 7 days, there was a significant reduction in maturing erythroid precursors (p≤0.004), but not myeloid or megakaryocytic precursors, in HSPA9 knockdown cultures vs. control cultures. These results suggest that reduced expression of HSPA9 in primary hematopoietic cells recapitulates key features of ineffective erythropoiesis observed in MDS. We extended these studies using a bone marrow lentiviral transduction/transplantation mouse model. Bone marrow progenitors were infected with a shRNA expressing lentivirus with yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) as a reporter. Loss of Hspa9 shRNA transduced peripheral blood cells occurred over 4-months, necessitating evaluation of mice from 3-8 weeks post-transplant. Two independent transplantation cohorts were performed and analyzed (control shRNA, n=8 mice; Hspa9 shRNA, n=9 mice). The percent of YFP donor leukocytes was significantly reduced in bone marrow (36.3% vs. 27.9%, p≤0.02), spleen (41.6% vs. 19.5%, p≤0.001), and peripheral blood (39.5% vs. 29.5%, p≤0.007) in mice receiving Hspa9 knockdown cells, consistent with in vitro results. The absolute number of YFP+, Ter119 High /CD71+ erythroid cells was reduced by 2.5 fold in the bone marrow (2.21×10 6 vs. 8.97×10 5 , p≤0.001), 8.9 fold in the spleen (3.46×10 6 vs. 3.87×10 5 , p≤0.002), and 4.4 fold in the peripheral blood (20.9×10 3 /μl vs. 4.80×10 3 /μl, p≤0.01), whereas the total number of myeloid cells (CD11b + /Gr-1 − monocytes and CD11b + /Gr-1 + neutrophils) in the three compartments was no different in mice receiving control vs. Hspa9 knockdown cells, respectively. Furthermore, the absolute number of reticulocytes, polychromatic normoblasts, and basophillic normoblasts (defined by flow cytometry) in Hspa9 knockdown recipients were significantly reduced in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood vs. control (p≤0.01 for all comparisons). The absolute number of B-lymphocytes (B220 + ), but not T-lymphocytes (CD3e + ), were reduced by 2.4 fold in the bone marrow (1.16×10 7 vs. 4.81×10 6 , p≤0.001), 3.4 fold in the spleen (4.26×10 8 vs. 1.24×10 8 , p≤0.001), and 3.5 fold in the peripheral blood (1.06×10 3 /μl vs. 3.05×10 2 /μl p≤0.004). These results suggest that erythroid and B-cell progenitors are preferentially affected by Hspa9 knockdown, both findings that are also observed in patients with MDS. Following a 24-hour BrdU labeling in vivo, the percent of YFP+ cells in S-phase was significantly reduced in Hspa9 knockdown cells vs. control cells (21.3% vs. 27.2%, respectively, p≤0.02) in the bone marrow. Furthermore, the absolute number of YFP+ progenitor cells (lineage − /Sca-1 + /C-kit + ) in the bone marrow was reduced by 3.9 fold (2.59×10 4 vs. 6.59×10 3 , p≤0.03), indicating that Hspa9 knockdown alters the early progenitor pool. Collectively, these results suggest that haploinsufficiency of HSPA9 alone contributes to ineffective erythropoiesis, but that other cooperating genes are necessary for clonal dominance to occur in MDS. Because HSPA9 has been shown to physically bind and sequester p53 in the cytoplasm, we are testing whether the apoptosis and cell cycle abnormalities are p53 dependent using p53-/- donor murine bone marrow cells in a transduction/transplantation model. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The innate physiological dormancy of Tulipa thianschanica seeds ensures its survival and regeneration in the natural environment. However, the low percentage of germination restricts the establishment of its population and commercial breeding. To develop effective ways to break dormancy and improve germination, some important factors of seed germination of T. thianschanica were tested, including temperature, gibberellin (GA3) and/or kinetin (KT), cold stratification and sowing depth. The percentage of germination was as high as 80.7% at a constant temperature of 4 °C, followed by 55.6% at a fluctuating temperature of 4/16 °C, and almost no seeds germinated at 16 °C, 20 °C and 16/20 °C. Treatment with exogenous GA3 significantly improved the germination of seeds, but KT had a slight effect on the germination of T. thianschanica seeds. The combined treatment of GA3 and KT was more effective at enhancing seed germination than any individual treatment, and the optimal hormone concentration for the germination of T. thianschanica seeds was 100 mg/L GA3 + 10 mg/L KT. In addition, it took at least 20 days of cold stratification to break the seed dormancy of T. thianschanica. The emergence of T. thianschanica seedlings was the highest with 82.4% at a sowing depth of 1.5 cm, and it decreased significantly at a depth of >3.0 cm. This study provides information on methods to break dormancy and promote the germination of T. thianschanica seeds.


Science and technology are the first productivity;agricultural science and technology are the important factors for driving agricultural productivity forward.To exchange agricultural technology and cooperate with Russian Far East,to make use of and absorb Russia's advanced agricultural technology and promote technical achievements to industrialization,are beneficial to speeding up Heilongjiang's agricultural development and technical advancement,improving innovation capability of agricultural technology and sharpening agricultural competitive edge.For upgrading the level of agricultural technical cooperation between Heilongjiang and the Far East,it is necessary to have enough funds,to establish a perfect cooperative mechanism,to make agricultural technical achievements into industrialization and to accelerate training compound skilled personnel.


Experimental studies, deterministic safety analyses and probabilistic risk assessments (PRAs) on local fault (LF) propagation in sodium cooled fast reactors (SFRs) have been performed in many countries because LFs have been historically considered as one of the possible causes of severe accidents. Adventitious fuel pin failures were considered to be the most dominant initiators of LFs in these PRAs because of high frequency of occurrence during reactor operation and possibility of subsequent pin-to-pin failure propagation. Therefore event tree analysis (ETA) on fuel element failure propagation initiated from adventitious fuel pin failure (FEFPA) in Japanese prototype fast breeder reactor Monju was performed in this study based on state-of-the-art knowledge on experimental and analytical studies on FEFPA and reflecting latest operation procedure at emergency in Monju. Probability of adventitious fuel pin failures in SFRs which is the initiating event of this ETA was also updated in this study. Probability of FEFPA to the peripheral sub-assemblies was quantified to be 1.7×10 in Monju based on this ETA. It was clarified that FEFPA in Monju was negligible and could be included in core damage fraction of the anticipated transient without scram and protected loss of heat sink in the viewpoint of both probability and consequence.


During the period of Emperor Qianlong and Emperor Jiaqing of Qing Dynasty, the influx of a large number of border ministers, garrison persons, and men of writing and literature brought cultural exchanges to the Western Regions of Xinjiang. Due to political affairs and identity, literati and scholars were attached to the officials at all levels represented by General Yi Li, becoming their aides and gaining the convenience of identity. The literati in the Western Regions leaved a lot of poetry and inscriptions when having the banquet tour and talking about the relief. The literati of the Suiyuan, with Wang Dashu and Shu Qishao as the backbones, were in the frontier. With the aesthetic vision and poetry of the scholars, the elegant landscape of the Suiyuan provides the material for the creation of the literati. And Suiyuan became the object that they expressed their feelings, which reflected the cultural psychology created by the literati. As the typical garden of the Western Region, Suiyuan eventually formed a unique literary landscape. Keywords—Qing Dynasty; the Western Regions; a person who has left home and wandered away; Suiyuan; literary


The author presents some conditions of existence of positively invariant polyhedra for linear continuous-time systems. These conditions are described algebraically and then interpreted on the basis of the system eigenstructure. A simple state-feedback placement method is described for solving some linear regulation problems under constraints. The proposed solution describes the structural conditions (on the invariant zeros) under which the domain of constraints can be made positively invariant by a simple eigenstructure assignment algorithm.<<ETX>>


This chapter offers a historical account of how polities have operated in a linguistically diverse society. Although societal multilingualism has been commonplace throughout human civilization, official multilingualism is clearly a modern phenomenon. However, whether the use of a language is mandated by policy or law, or is a matter of convention, polities have always had to deal with linguistic diversity. Therefore, instead of comparing the language(s) that receive official recognition, the chapter uses law as a site to examine the internal language practice of a polity in different historical periods. The account shows that official multilingualism today, encapsulating contemporary ethics and politics, has characteristics that distinguish it from treaded paths of linguistic management.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze why and when the future work self affects employee creativity.,Survey data were collected from 171 supervisor–employee dyads in four Chinese enterprises.,The results indicate that the future work self has a positive effect on employee creativity. Further, thriving at work mediates the links between the future work self and employee creativity. The authors also theorize that overall fairness moderates the positive effects of the future work self on thriving at work and employee creativity.,The study supports the self-determination perspective regarding the future work self and strengthens the application of this perspective in an effort to understand the relationship between the future work self and employee creativity.


The primary aim of this study is to make the indigenous cultural ways of identifying diseases known in order to promote and remove the mystery and superstition associated to them. Due to the nature of the study, the purposive sampling technique was largely employed. Interviews and observations were the main data collecting instruments used. The four study areas which are Bongari Shrine at Adumakasekese, Asuo Abresua Shrine of Ahwirewam, Bokankye Akua Gyabon Shrine (currently situated at Mankranso Peposo), and Apomasu Kwao Shrine of Ntensere were purposively selected. The study revealed that the traditional healers use items ranging from natural to artificial such as eggs, talismans, cowries, money and other objects to diagnose various diseases. In diagnosing of diseases, the traditional healers take a holistic approach which are the social, natural, spiritual and the cosmic environment which are not in the case of the orthodox medication. It is therefore important for government and stakeholders to give recognition to these diviners and spiritual healers by putting up nice buildings (clinics and hospitals) and providing them the necessary needs like what they have been doing for the orthodox health centres and if possible integrate the traditional medication into the orthodox ones.


W XC tITH ninety to a hundred expeditions working in the Arctic in I937 and I938, it is evident that interest in the Polar Regions has not abated. It is true that some forty of these were carried on by the Soviet governnment in the Arctic section of Siberia and in the Arctic Sea and its arms on the Siberian coast and that their purpose was primarily economic and strategic; but the importance of their contributions to scientific knowledge of the Arctic as a whole is not lessened thereby. On the other hand, the fact that between fifty and sixty expeditions worked in West Spitsbergen, Northeast Land, Greenland, Labrador, Arctic Canada, and Alaska should dispel any idea that present-day Arctic exploration is confined chiefly to Soviet territory. So long is the list of recent expeditions in the Arctic that it is possible, within the scope of this review, to mention only some of the most outstanding. Attention is called, however, to The Polar Record, issued twice annually (January and July) by the Scott Polar Research Institute. It is the only source at all complete of information covering the whole field of Arctic and Antarctic exploration and is particularly valuable for its news of Soviet expeditions.


In this paper we propose a method for generating errorcorrection exercises for undergraduate students in computer science who learn algorithms. Our main goal is to inject faults automatically into a correct source code that implements an algorithm to be studied. The proposed method utilizes design paradigm of the algorithm to determine effective fault types and positions in a source code. We have developed a prototype system and evaluated the appropriateness of the generated exercises to algorithm study. We carried out error-correction exercises in an algorithm class, and most students evaluated that the exercises are effective for algorithm study.


The formation of the triple helix model of innovation systems is shown. The primacy of the University in the triad university business government is emphasized. Priorities of the VLSU in innovation and individual results of these activities are sated out.


Abstract.
 Generalist brood parasites, like Common Cuckoos Cuculus canorus, target many host species. Why other sympatric hosts are not used, or actively avoided, remains one of the main gaps in our understanding of parasite-host coevolution. Cavity nesting passerines always represented a text-book example of unsuitable hosts but recent evidence casts multiple doubts on this traditional view. In general, any species can become an unsuitable host for a parasite at laying, incubation, or nestling stages with the last one being much less studied than the others. Therefore we examined Cuckoo chick performance in five cavity nesting host species, including one regular Cuckoo host — the Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus and four non-hosts: the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca, Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata, Great Tit Parus major, and Coal Tit Periparus ater. Natural nests of non-hosts, as opposed to artificial nest boxes with small entrance holes, are often placed in cavities that show both entrance and inner cavity sizes large enough for female Cuckoos to lay and Cuckoo chicks to fledge. We did not find any evidence for chick discrimination in non-hosts, i.e., no chicks were rejected, attacked, or neglected. Cuckoo chicks grew similarly in nests of all four species of non-hosts, similarly to chicks in host Redstart nests, and generally better than in nests of the most numerous Cuckoo host, the Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus. Although Cuckoo chick fledging mass was highly host speciesspecific (i.e., showed high statistical repeatability across various host species), we did not find any evidence for the hypothesis that host body size (mass) positively affects parasite chick growth (fledging mass or age). These findings provide impetus to further study apparently unsuitable hosts and perhaps even reconsider traditional classifications of host suitability in the context of brood parasite-host coevolution.


Autochthonous cattle breeds are a valuable reservoir of genetic diversity in Spain. Along their history, these breeds had been subjected to strong forces of differentiation and common selection. Based on genomewide SNP data from five different autochthonous breeds, in this study we computed two classical selection signatures statistics in a sliding windows scan along the genome. The statistics chosen were Tajima's D and Fu and Li's D*, both based on the folded site frequency spectrum. The onethousandth percentile value of the empirical distribution of each statistic was interpreted as a selection signature. Both regions of common signals among breeds and regions that show breed-specific signals were detected. An example spanning the region that harbors the Myostatin gene confirms the ability of the methods to detect different patterns of DNA variation among breeds in specific areas of the genome.


A method to extract the density of subgap states in amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors is proposed. The nonuniform characteristic of surface potential along the channel has been taken into account. The variation of interface state density with the applied bias voltage is derived from the capacitance-voltage characteristic. In addition, by combining the obtained density of interface states with the subthreshold swing, the energy distribution of bulk traps is determined. Results fit well with the experimental data.


AFGHANISTAN Afghanistan: Mullah, Marx, and Mujahid, by Ralph H. Magnus and Eden Naby. Foreword by Dan Rather. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998. xiii + 195 pages. Bibl. essay to p. 200. Bios. of modern rulers to p. 204. Chron. to p. 244. Gloss. to p. 247. Notes to p. 264. Index to p. 274. $30. Reviewed by Larry P. Goodson Ralph Magnus and Eden Naby suggest that modern Afghanistan's troubles are due to the conflicting influence of three significant factors, which the authors symbolically label "Mullah," "Marx," and "Mujahid." They examine the role of traditional Islam (Mullah) by providing an overview of Islamic institutions and the various religious communities in Afghanistan (Hanafi Sunni, Imami Shi'a, Isma`ili Shi'a, the Sufi brotherhoods). This introductory background to Islam in Afghanistan is solid, but would have been stronger had the authors considered the work of Asta Olesen.l On the other hand, their discussion of modernization (Marx), based in part on the authors' fieldwork in Afghanistan over the past three decades, is perhaps the strongest chapter in the book. Nevertheless, their claim that "the crucial failure of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) regime of Taraki and Amin derived from the lack of party unity" (p. 127) seems overstated in light of the national rebellion that broke out in 1979 in response to the PDPA's ill-considered reforms and affiliation with the Soviet Union. The analysis of the recent rise of Islamist movements (Mujahid) includes an interesting discussion of the term jihad as used in Afghanistan. However, this chapter, which is organized by dividing the mujahidin into three branches-political organizations, field commanders, and intellectuals and administrators-needs more detail to be convincing. This chapter also contains several minor errors in reference to dates (e.g., the end of the Iran-Iraq War occurred in 1988, not 1986, as stated on page 147). Three contextual chapters provide a good background for the non-specialist. Chapter one explains the impact of physical features, such as geography and the agricultural system, on demography and ethnicity, and provides a useful overview of the complex ethnic mix of Afghanistan. The second chapter divides Afghanistan's pre1973 history into five periods dating from 500 B.C.E., although the majority of this history is devoted to the last three periods, which begin in 1709. This chapter shows how "the struggle of Afghanistan in the contemporary period may be regarded as the struggle to retain the autonomy gained in the eighteenth century rather than revert to its role as the anonymous crossroads of Asia" (p. …


(57) Abstract: arranged upstream the pump housing and the downstream pump housing respectively, the waterborne craft comprising an impeller (5, 6) to two counter-rotating mounted coaxially of the shaft (2, 3) water jet propulsion unit to be used. Pressure control plumbing device in the form of a spring mounted on folding the skirt (10) is disposed between the impeller (5,6). Pressure downstream of the pump housing can be maintained at atmospheric pressure by air through the air inlet (11) is controlled inflow.


i List of Figures iii List of Tables iii Acknowledgments iv Introduction 1 Site Setting and Background 1 Previous Investigations 3 Methodology 9 Results 10 Artifact Descriptions 14 Lithics Barbara A. Meissner 17 Faunal Analysis Johanna M. Hunziker 22 Conclusions 25 References Cited 27


A sensor system was proposed that would monitor spaceflight bioreactor parameters. Not only will this technology be invaluable in the space program for which it was developed, it will find applications in medical science and industrial laboratories as well. Using frequency-domain-based fluorescence lifetime technology, the sensor system will be able to detect changes in fluorescence lifetime quenching that results from displacement of fluorophorelabeled receptors bound to target ligands. This device will be used to monitor and regulate bioreactor parameters including glucose, pH, oxygen pressure (pO2), and carbon dioxide pressure (pCO2). Moreover, these biosensor fluorophore receptor-quenching complexes can be designed to further detect and monitor for potential biohazards, bioproducts, or bioimpurities. Biosensors used to detect biological fluid constituents have already been developed that employ a number of strategies, including invasive microelectrodes (e.g., dark electrodes), optical techniques including fluorescence, and membrane permeable systems based on osmotic pressure. Yet the longevity of any of these sensors does not meet the demands of extended use in spacecraft habitat or bioreactor monitoring. It was therefore necessary to develop a sensor platform that could determine not only fluid variables such as glucose concentration, pO2, pCO2, and pH but can also regulate these fluid variables with controlled feedback loop.


Discriminate Analysis was carried out to formulate the categorization rule for allocating the apricot tree to "High Yielder Group" and "Low Yielder Group". Factor Analysis method was also applied to extract the basic factors underlying the observed morphological characters of apricot for both the High and Low Yielder groups. The study brought out five basic factors explaining 69.35% of the total variation in the case of High Yielder population and six factors explaining 74.14% of the total variation in the case of Low Yielder population, respectively. The first factor in both the populations contains the same variables viz. stem girth, number of branches and leaf area which indicate that these variables play an appreciable/significant role in increasing the yield of apricot (21 % in the case of High Yielder and 16.33% in the case of Low Yielder population.


On 17 January, Pius Njawe, editor-in-chief of the independent Cameroon weekly Le Messager, received a six-month suspended sentence for insulting members of the National Assembly. Deprived of his passport, he was unable to attend the conference on the press in Africa organised by Unesco and the Panos Institute in Paris at the end of the month. The following address was delivered in absentia to the gathering.


The pA2 values of the selective β-adrenoceptor antagonists, atenolol and a-methylpropranolol, have been assessed using the selective agonists, norepinephrine and fenoterol, as positive chronotropic agents in atria. In cat atria both β- and β2-adrenoceptors influence atrial rate, whereas in guinea pig atria only β-receptors are involved.


The 7 International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics (IWACIII2021) Beijing, China, Oct.31-Nov.3, 2021 1 Abstract. With the popularization of artificial intelligence in various fields, its application in the education industry has also been deepening. Based on the literature and experts' opinions on teachers' information literacy and the application of artificial intelligence in teaching, artificial intelligence is believed to provide more effective supports for the development of teachers' information literacy in foreign language colleges and universities. The research of this subject is expected to explore an effective path of developing the information literacy of teachers from colleges of foreign languages, so as to provide a useful reference for the further research.


The physically challenged persons are one of the excluded sections of the society and also they face number of problems in their daily life. In order to bring them in the main stream both the central as well as the state governments are introducing many welfare measures and schemes. To avail these welfare measures and the schemes, first of all they must aware about the same. The present study is conducted among the physically challenged persons about their problems in the daily life and also their awareness about various government welfare measures. The result of the present study indicated that the officials who are implementing the welfare measures know only few of the familiar welfare programmes of the physically challenged persons.


IN idiopathic steatorrhoea there is an inability to absorb fat efficiently from the intestine. Thus the disease bears a resemblance to other diseases of this type and has been called " non-tropical sprue " and " adult coeliac disease." As a result of the deficient absorption of fats vitamin D is not available and, in addition] there may be poor absorption of salts. The low-fat diet used in the treatment of this disease is poor in calcium content. Thus the bones of the body may be decalcified, giving a picture similar to that of osteomalacia. Osteomalacia is regarded by many as an adult forih of rickets. The undedying cause of the skeletal changes is the same although the age at which it operates is different. This accounts for the difference of the rachitic type of pelvis and the osteomalacic type. In the sitting child the ischial tuberosities are subjected to more pressure than in the adult where pressure is also transmitted through the heads of the femurs with a resulting compression of the sides of the pelvis. In idiopathic steatorrhoea the same factors come into play and if the patient becomes pregnaqt the same difficulties of pelvic obstruction arise in both diseases. Only z cases of a similar nature are reported in the obstetric literature as occurring in this country. This is probably not because they do not occur but that they are not reported. Kenny (1941) reported a case of osteomalacia in an Indian woman who had come to this country with her husband 6 years before the disease became virulent. This patient had a high bloodcalcium level, and therefore (according to S. L. Simpson, 1041) was probably not suffering from true osteomalacia. MacLennan (194) reports a single case occumng in Glasgow. This was apparently due to poor conditions grid food. He could only find one other case in hospital records in Glasgow. From this fact and the fact that rickets is very common in that city he thought that it was unlikely that osteomalacia and rickets had the same aetiology. The effect of pregnancy in these women is to drain the bones of even more calcium to supply the foetus with its requirements. The bones in these cases may become extremely soft and pliable (Illingworth and Dick, 1945). It has been suggested that this calcium drain is a cause of restlessness and pain in the pelvis, back and thighs associated with violent movements of the foetus (Browne, 1944). In the case described below, the condition was diagnosed some time before pregnancy occurred and the bones were well calcified at the time of delivery.


There are lots of useful applications of differential geometry and mathematical physics that are used in many areas. One of the most important applications of differential geometry is on geodesics. A geodesic is the shortest route between given two points. Geodesics can be found with the help of the Hamilton equations. We can say that differential geometry provides a suitable field for studying Hamiltonians of classical mechanics, analytic mechanics and field theory. The dynamic equations for moving bodies are obtained according to Hamiltonian mechanics formulation by many authors and are illustrated as follows:


Objective
To explore the effect of TCM external treatment on the patients with hyperplasia of mammary glands by meta-analysis.

Methods
Literatures about TCM external treatment on the patients with hyperplasia of mammary glands that were published on domestic or international magazines were extensively solicited and assessed with uniform effect criteria. The total number and valid number of patients in these literatures were counted, and the literatures were also assessed and chosen by meta-analysis with Review Manager 5.3. OR values and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and consolidated.

Results
Finally, totally 11 literatures and 945 patients were included in our study, of which 464 received TCM external treatment, an effective rate of 89.22%, while the control group included a total of 481 patients, an effective rate of 82.33%. TCM external treatment showed the same effect on hyperplasia of mammary glands as the oral liquid of Chinese medicines, massage and acupuncture did [OR=1.91, 95%CI (0.74-4.97) ]. When comparing the effect of TCM external treatment and Rupixiao oral liquid on hyperplasia of mammary glands, totally 6 literatures and 509 patients were included in the study, of which 258 received TCM external treatment, an effective rate of 97.29%, while 251 patients took Rupixiao oral liquid, an effective rate of 88.45%. TCM external treatment had a significantly better effect than Rupixiao oral liquid [OR=4.52, 95%CI (1.98-10.33) ].

Conclusions
TCM external treatment has the same effect with oral liquid of Chinese medicines, massage and acupuncture, while TCM external treatment on hyperplasia of mammary glands which promotes the circulation of qi and blood and eliminates phlegm and frees channels has a significantly better effect than Rupixiao oral liquid. It suggests that in our clinical work we should treat patients based on whatever methods they can withstand so as to improve their satisfaction.

Key words:
Randomized controlled trial; Hyperplasia of mammary glands; TCM external treatment; Meta-analysis


This paper discusses the interrupt control and interrupt service of DSP, designs 4 stage interrupt priorities, provides several kinds of interrupt, such as hardware/software exception, hardware/software interrupt, DMA interrupt, on chip/peripheral interrupt, provides level/edge triggered interrupt. And implements three kinds of interrupt services as fast interrupt A, fast interrupt B and normal interrupt. The whole interrupt system fulfills DSPs fast digital signal processing quite well.


The double differential cross sections for electron impact ionization of helium are evaluated in the framework of a distorted wave approximation that takes into account the effects of initial chann...


In the apparatus and method for inclusion of the associated (5) in a Coriolis meter that substantially eliminate temperature induced measurement errors which otherwise may be present from the errors are separate input channel included in the table the performance difference generated. Specifically, the two pairs of input channels (44,54,64) in the table. In operation, the table for repeatedly measuring the internal phase delay of each, and then subtracting the delay associated with the pair based on the actual flow measurement data obtained from successively in each pair. When a channel of the actual flow is being measured, the other channel of the internal phase delay which is being measured, the channels are continuously between these functional cycles.


South Dakota dairy industry has shifted toward large operations to offset declining numbers of dairy cows and milk production stemming from rapid exodus of smaller (


This study aims to determine the differences in students' reading interest in biology learning models based on remap CIRC, GI, and TGT. It is a quasi-experiment implemented in Public High School N of Malang, Indonesia and Public High School S of Malang, Indonesia in the odd semester of 2014/2015. The research population was all students of 10th grade of Public High School of Malang, Indonesia. The sampling technique was random sampling.  The research sample consisted of 10th-grade science 1 of Public High School N of Malang, Indonesia, 10th-grade science 2 of Public High School N of Malang Indonesia, and 10th-grade science 1 of Public High School S of Malang, Indonesia as an experiment group; and 10th-grade science 3 of Public High School N of Malang, Indonesia as a control group. The analysis was carried out in a quantitative. The result showed that the CIRC  remapping learning model had the greatest influence on students' reading interest compared to GI and TGT. The students' reading interest scores using remap CIRC, GI, and TGT models were 82.90, 76.23, and 80.49. Remap CIRC, GI, and TGT model should be applied in biology learning because it can empower students' reading interest.


Manufacturing processes for syntactic foams made of hollow microspheres and starch were studied. Various manufacturing parameters in relation to the "buoyancy method" were identified and inter-related. An equation based on unit-cell models with the minimum inter-microsphere distance concept for a relation between volume expansion rate of bulk microspheres in aqueous starch and microsphere size was derived and successfully used to predict experimental data. It was demonstrated that the inter-microsphere distance can be calculated numerically for microspheres with known statistical data. The equation relating between volume expansion rate and microsphere size was further extended to accommodate a relation between inter-microsphere distance and microsphere size but with limited accuracy for binders of low starch content. An alternative empirical linear equation for the relation between inter-microsphere distance and microsphere size is proposed for wider applications. A simple method for estimation of syntactic foam density prior to completion of manufacture is suggested. Shrinkage after molding of syntactic foam is discussed in relation with different stages such as slurry, dough and solid. A two-step manufacturing process involving molding and then forming is suggested for syntactic foam dimensional control.


Aiming at the shortcomings in the process of traditional experiment teaching of basic chemistry for engineering students,the discussion and exploration were made on the following aspects such as the process management of experiment teaching,reform of teaching content and appraisal methods,adaptation of elicitation and interactive teaching methods,cultivation of students' devotion to chemistry and so on,making good teaching result.Some suggestions for the course future development were put forward.


Lake Tanganyika is, one of the African Great Lakes, and the world's second longest and deepest freshwater lake. It is shared among four countries: Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi and Zambia. Lake Tanganyika is one of the resource-rich freshwater Lakes and is highly valued for its recreational, aesthetic and scenic qualities. Lake Tanganyika is an important hotspot of biodiversity, with 40 % of its 1, 500 plant and animal species being endemic. However, Lake Tanganyika basin is facing multiple challenges as a result of rapid expansion of human population in the riparian countries. The city of Bujumbura (Burundi) was identified as the greatest pollution threat on the lakeshore, because it hosts a variety of industries and pollution sources close to the lakeshore. This research assessed the effect of urbanization on water quality of Lake Tanganyika in two divisions Ngagara and Kanyosha of Bujumbura city an established and upcoming division respectively, in Burundi. The research used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Water samples were collected from the point sources of pollution, along the lake away from the point source. The water samples were collected at different times of the day and were taken to the laboratory for analysis of the physico-chemical and micro-biological parameters. The results showed high mean Electrical Conductivity (925.55 ± 275.147 μS/cm), TDS (453. ± 150.438mg/l), Turbidity (374.8 ± 273.4 NTU), Chloride (52.6 ± 35.1mg/l), and Escherichia coli (45.89±42.18 CFU/100ml) were recorded in Ngagara division, and were above WHO Maximum Permissible Limits for Effluent Discharge. Significantly higher (p<0.05) values of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of water from the two divisions were recorded for most of the parameters; indicating thatRapid Urban Development (road construction, towns and cities, building houses, industrialization, sewage effluents discharge) contributed to the deterioration of the water quality of Lake Tanganyika. This trend suggests that the studied littoral zone of Lake Tanganyika (Ngagara) has undergone pollution. Therefore, this research recommends that waste waters should be properly treated before discharge into the Lake. Decision makers should effectively plan for urbanization without compromising the health of environmental resources such as water bodies in order to attain sustainability development.


Background: The growing concept of Community Based Healthcare Insurance (CBHI) refers to the offerings of financial protection in contradiction of illness cost and enhancing the accessibility to quality healthcare services for the people who belong to rural low-income households and are often accepted from official insurance. The main aim behind carrying out this study was to assist concerned authorities in the healthcare sector of Pakistan regarding the implementation of quality enhancement initiatives of community-based health insurance programs. Materials and Methods: A mixed-method design was adopted where the structured questionnaire was used to collect primary. The sample comprised of 386 participants for the survey and 8 for interviews regarding their experiences and satisfaction towards the services offered and utilised under an insurance programme. The researcher approached two main hospitals of Lahore where the insurance programme has been engaged in offering services; these hospitals included Sharif Medical City Hospital and Punjab Institute of Cardiology. The researcher used descriptive statistics and multinomial regression for quantitative assessment. For qualitative assessment, thematic analysis was used on the basis of responses obtained from interviews. Result: The findings of the study concluded that patients were satisfied with the services provided at the hospitals chosen as the study setting. The hospitals under the insurance programme in Lahore have been engaged in providing a relaxed environment and it has affected the experience and satisfaction of the patients towards the services. Conclusion: Patients are getting their desired healthcare results under the insurance programme, and are contented with the overall healthcare service. The experience of clients who consumed health insurance program embraces great importance in the improvement of further improving healthcare services and for designing effective healthcare policies. Keywords: Client's experience, client's satisfaction, healthcare sector, health insurance program, Pakistan


In order to lower the discharge flue gas temperature and improve abrasive performance of the low temperature ecnomizer,the economizer modification of No.5 boiler in the heating and power plant of Yangzi Petroleum and Chemical Co.,Ltd.,was conducted in 2001.With the comparion with the spiral-rip heat exchanger,the finned tube heat exchanger was adopted finally in the modification.This paper introduce its performance in application.


Samuel Richardson's Clarissa portrays two instances of filial disobedience: the Harlowe men's to the (dead) grandfather and Clarissa's to her family. When discussing the novel's portrayal of the conflict between claims of filial right and filial duty, however, Richardson himself tends to focus on Clarissa's case while being silent about the other. While tacitly approving male defiance portrayed in the novel, Richardson unconditionally advocates the idea of the primacy of filial obedience in his correspondences with young women. Drawing on this seeming contradiction regarding the issue, this essay attempts to connect Clarissa's portrayal of male defiance with Richardson's express idea of filial duty. By looking at the parallel between the two instances of filial defiance, it investigates how Richardson's idea of filial independence is presented in gendered terms: the son's usurpation of the father's authority is implicitly legitimized in the Harlowe family as necessary violence for the consolidation of patriarchy, while the daughter's right to autonomy is denied for the same reason. Since the daughter is regarded as a means to enlarge family fortune and influence, she is required to be dutiful, dependent, and loyal to their father's value system.


Purpose: This is an analysis of the experiences of nurses in Post Anesthesia Care Units (PACUs) in caring for older patients with emergence delirium using the Q-methodology. Methods: The Q-methodology, which is used to explore and understand human subjectivity, was applied. Thirty nurses who had experiences in providing nursing for delirium in older patients after surgery in a PACU participated in this study. Results: This study revealed three factors regarding the frame of reference of PACU nurses in detecting and managing older patients' emergence delirium: "detect the deviant changes leading to instability", "focus on the patient's degree of cognitive recovery within the framework of recovery time", and "awareness of possible clues based on the patient's underlying disease(s)". Conclusion: These findings are expected to be utilized as a basis for more practical and accessible PACU nurse delirium education that reflects nurses' subjective viewpoints explained by the three identified factors.


A maintenance and repair contract (MARC) provides the customer a zero risk opportunity to own and operate a fleet of mechanized equipment and guarantees the life and mechanical availability of the equipment on a cost per hour basis over the life of the machine. One of the biggest challenges to any MARC contract is a change in the severity of the mining conditions. This has a two-pronged effect: one, the life of the components of the machines can be significantly reduced, causing components to fail prematurely. This increases the dealer cost of the contract to an amount higher than the guaranteed amount. Secondly, the customer will be affected by severe conditions underground by the loss of efficiency and ultimately productivity, which drives up the cost per ton of the operation. A negative spin-off of poor mining conditions is an increase in accident damage on mechanized machines. Therefore an increase in severity impacts on the machine cost per hour (affecting the dealer) and productivity decreases and increase in accident damage (affecting the customer) result in a lose-lose situation for both parties. A severity index has been developed, strongly based on the Caterpillar Underground site severity index which looks at the impact of mining conditions on component life and i?½deratesi?½ the life of the component accordingly. Although this is not new to the mining industry, the i?½buy-ini?½ from the customer and subsequent team-based approach by mining, engineering and the supplier to improve the severity is ground-breaking. This promotes a partnership approach to improving productivity whereby poor maintenance by the supplier or poor mining conditions result in penalties to the MARC contract. Most importantly, and an area that has turned out to be the biggest win-win of this exercise, is that on a monthly basis each MARC site is audited by a team comprising accountable mine personnel, ventilation, operator trainers and dealer personnel in a detailed, measurable audit that identifies and highlights areas that will result in productivity losses. Corrective action is put in place that can not only reduce the MARC rate over time, but also significantly improve productivity on the mine site.


There are X-ray pulsating sources that are thought to be accretion disks around neutron stars. Such disks deserve a detailed analysis. In particular, the dipole magnetic field of the central star may penetrate the disk, which, in turn, leads to the appearance of an induced magnetic field inside the disk due to the frozen-in condition. The growth of the induced field can be limited by the turbulent diffusion of the field. In the present work, I calculate the induced field in this case. The problem is reduced to the induction equation with turbulent diffusion taken into account. I have found the analytical solution of this equation, and radial and vertical structures of the field were found simultaneously. The radial structure is close to the earlier predicted dependence on the difference in angular velocities between the magnetosphere and disk: $b \propto \Omega_{\rm s} - \Omega_{\rm k}$, while the vertical structure is close to a linear dependence of an induced field on the altitude above the equator: $b \propto z$. The possibility of the existence of non-stationary quasi-periodic components of an induced field is discussed.


Chronic anaemic hypoxia in iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) determines substantial alterations in the microcirculatory bed: extravascular, vascular, and intravascular disorders as well as changes of diameter and linear density of the venular part of microcirculation. The author studied the correlation between the severity of microcirculatory changes and the degree of IDA as well as their reversibility after treatment. The microcirculatory bed of 255 female patients divided into groups with slight, moderate, and severe degree of IDA was estimated by the method of conjunctival biomicroscopy. Values of blood viscosity, ferritin, and organic phosphorus (2,3-D PC and AIT) were measured. The reversibility of the microcirculatory alterations after Ferrum Hausman therapy was followed-up. There were significant microcirculatory changes in the moderate and severe degrees of IDA consisting in the following: foci of microcongestion, microhaemorrhages, increased irregularity and undulatedness in the capillary and venular parts, single aneurysms, presence of "sludge-phenomenon" in these regions as well as enlarged diameter and reduced linear density of venules. The reversibility of the microcirculatory changes after treatment was delayed in the severe degree of IDA. Based on a reverse correlation of the severity of the microcirculatory' changes with the values of blood viscosity, ferritin, and haemoglobin as well as on a direct one with the organic phosphate levels it was assumed that the microcirculatory bed in the venular and capillary parts reacted significantly in the moderate and severe degrees of chronic IDA.


Let K ⊂ R2 be a compact convex set in the plane. A halving chord of K is a line segment pp , p, p ∈ ∂K , which divides the area of K into two equal parts. For every direction v there exists exactly one halving chord. Its length hA(v) is the corresponding (area) halving distance. In this article we give inequalities relating the minimum and maximum (area) halving distance hA and HA of a convex closed region K ⊂ R2 to other geometric quantities of K , namely the minimal width ω , the diameter D , the perimeter p , the inradius r , the circumradius R , and the area A . We try to find tight inequalities, and characterize their extremal sets (the sets attaining equality). Mathematics subject classification (2000): 52A40, 52A10.


The diptych of the Congolese writer Georges Ngal, composed of two narratives respectively titled Giambatista Viko ou Le viol du discours africain and L'Errance , evokes the transformation imposed upon an ambitious African professor, condemned by the supporters of tradition to "return to his roots". The tests imposed on the main character can thus be read as stages of an epic journey aimed at recovering a lost African identity, eroded by the temptation of an encyclopedic knowledge characterized by the dispersion and prevalence of Western influence. While emphasizing the risk of sectarian afrocentrism, the Ngalian narrative proposes the invention of a new literary form, known as  "Open Door" literature, that could be considered as the contemporary reinterpretation of an epic work open to a complex postcolonial identity.


Abstract
 Whilst this is not a book on statistics per se, one of the things R is most used for is doing statistical analyses. There are many sorts of statistical analyses and choosing the most appropriate ones can be very confusing for students. This chapter outlines the basic sorts of tests and analyses.


Organic cultivate of medical plants guarantee the quality of them and reduced the probability negative effects on medical quality and yield. In order to evaluate the effects of mycorrhiza inoculation, root juice and citric acid on rooting of the medicinal plant Mentha piperita, this experiment was conducted in 2012 in greenhouse condition at the research field of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, Iran. The experiment was conducted in factorial in the form of a completely randomized design with four replications and eight treatments: Mycorrhiza (M0 = 0, M1 = 100 kg/ha), root juice (R0 = 0, R1 = 5 cc) and citric acid (C0 = 0, C1 = 5 mM). Analysis of the variances indicated that application of root juice significantly affected plant fresh weight (P≤0.05) and increased it by 41.3% compared with the control. Applying 5 mM citric acid increased (P≤0.05) root volume by 48.01% and the number of root nodules by 26.1% compared with the control. The interaction of citric acid × root juice had also a significant effect on the number of rooted nodules (P≤0.05); the highest number of root nodules was achieved in C1R0. The most effective treatments in this study was known citric acid.


A 38-year-old previously healthy male with a 6-month outpatient history of progressive bilateral visual loss, diagnosed as uveitis, presented with severe jaundice and macular rash. The rashes were diffusely distributed over the trunk and extremities, involving the palms and soles. Laboratory studies


Investigations have been conducted on commercial-grade steels, binary iron-based alloys, and commercially pure iron with the aim to examine the effect of the welding conditions on the orientation of cracks during the brittle fracture of the weld metal, and to investigate the relationship between the character of crack propagation and the load-carrying capacity of the welded joint. Results are plotted and analyzed.


Thermal reflective film for construction comprising a polyethylene comprehensive base film and applied to both sides on the base film metallization, characterized in that the base film is composed of a three-layer, co-extruded, containing a flame retardant film, the middle layer of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and having both outer layers of a blend of low density polyethylene (LDPE) with a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) or metallocene-polyethylene co-exist with the flame retardant in at least one layer, and in that the metallization layers are evaporated and the thermal reflective film at least to the fire behavior B2 of building materials and components according to DIN 4102/1: 1998/05 corresponds.


Abstract : The presence of a target support structure introduces errors in outdoor RCS measurements. A simple, two scatterer model is used to examine these errors in terms of their effect on target threat predictions. (Author)


A method of diethylhexyl phthalate quantitative analysis in inner liner of beer bottle by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was established.The results were optimized by sample pre-treatment and the variation of chromatographic detection conditions.The retention time of peak was qualitatively employed to evaluate the results,and the ex-situ measurement was used to analyze quantitatively.When samples were extracted by soaking in ethanol solution,methanol: water = 95∶5(volume /volume) was as mobile phase,and scanned with SPDM detector at 275 nm,the optimal separation phases was obtained.The results showed that standard curve of DEHP has good linearity with the correlation coefficient r2 higher than 0.998 and the precision was lower than 1.5%.It was confirmed that DEHP immigrates from the inner liner of beer bottle,the concentrations reach to 24.45% in ethanol solution,and 15.97% in 95% methanol solution.


BILL OF PARTICULARS Case No. ........................................................................ Commonwealth of Virginia Rule 7B:2 .......................................................................................... TRIAL DATE AND TIME ............................................................................................................................. General District Court CITY OR COUNTY


Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a diagnostic limbo. If a patient is evaluated by an experienced clinician who records the usual set of signs and symptoms along with the pertinent increased inflammatory markers, the diagnosis is usually correct. However, in several instances, PMR may evolve or transform into elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA), a switch that cannot be easily predicted and is usually recognized only during followup1. When less experienced clinicians are involved, overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis of PMR are relatively frequent because several conditions may mimic the disease, and a gold standard for diagnosis confirmation is lacking.

The availability of the recent American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) criteria is expected to improve PMR classification2. Clinicians may also be enticed to apply these criteria in the individual patient although, as widely stated3, criteria should be used for classification only. The multifaceted essence of PMR may account for the wide range of its clinical presentations, making it difficult to identify a 1-size-fits-all set of criteria.

In this issue of The Journal , Ozen, et al 4 describe a multicenter study dealing with the comparison of different sets of PMR classification criteria, including the ACR/EULAR criteria. The main findings of this study, which confirmed the overall good performance of the criteria, are that they are not optimal in differentiating PMR from seronegative polyarthritis and that, if a cutoff for laboratory inflammation is included, performance can increase. By comparing the existing sets of criteria, several studies from the literature obtained different results (Table 12,4,5,6,7,8,9). In Ozen's study, the new ACR/EULAR criteria showed a moderate-to-good discriminating capacity between PMR and non-PMR. However, the best performance was obtained by the Chuang, …

Address correspondence to Dr. D. Camellino, Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy. E-mail: dario.camel{at}gmail.com


Many universities teach programs in sustainable energy, but should they be incorporating theories and practice of sustainability across many disciplines? The argument is proposed that institutes of higher education should be primary vehicles of change in our transition towards a sustainable future. It is discussed that this can occur at the institutional and curriculum level. Integrating concepts of sustainability within a biomedical discipline area is discussed with strategies exemplified to lift awareness within student groups and for teaching and support staff."


The article is devoted to the process of formation of one of the first local history museums of Udmurtia – Glazov Museum of Local Lore, opened in the post-revolutionary years, when transformations in cultural life began in the country and local museums began to be created everywhere, including in national regions. The purpose of the article is to consider the problems in organizing and forming the museum and to reveal the main directions of its activities during this period. The principle of historicism and descriptive-narrative (ideographic) method used by the author made it possible to systematize the material and show the subject of the study in dynamics and in connection with other phenomena and events. Based on published materials and archival documents, the article reflects: acquisition of the museum fund, preparation of expositions and exhibitions, dissemination and promotion of scientific knowledge, as well as the reasons that significantly influenced the fulfillment of the tasks assigned, including those related to the lack of qualified personnel and special premises. The research materials made it possible to supplement the existing source base and can be used in scientific and educational practice, popularization and preservation of the historical and cultural heritage of the region. The prospects for further development of the theme are connected with continuing the study of certain areas of activity performed by Glazov and other museums of the republic, as well as identification of new materials revealing the biographies of managers and the daily life of employees.


A low cost and efficient architecture for decoding the residual data in the H.264/AVC is proposed in this thesis. The required components consist of CAVLC decoder, inverse quantizer, and inverse transform. Since the decoding speed of these components is varied, the interface should be designed carefully to buffer the data among them. To efficiently realize the interface of the CAVLC decoder and inverse quantizer, the residual decoding procedure in the H.264/AVC is first analyzed. After the proper arrangement of the CAVLC decoding and inverse quantization procedures, the proposed architecture requires only one inverse quantizer which is further combined into the CAVLC decoder to reduce the buffer size. Moreover, the flexible 2-D multi-transform architecture which including the 4 4 inverse integer transform, 4 4 inverse Hadamard transform, and 2 2 inverse Hadamard transform is also proposed. Simulation results show that the total implemented gate counts is 14.1 k and the maximum operation frequency is 130 MHz in the proposed design. It can support the real-time requirement for the 4VGA @30 fps video resolution in 4:2:0 formats.


Accessible courseware design for hearing impaired ensures that the user-interface is perceivable, operable and can be easily understood by all users. Accessible courseware help the disabled to learn to be more independent, besides obtaining similar opportunities as everyone else, thus bridging the gap between them and the normal people. This paper reported findings from the need analysis conducted to determine the requirements and problems faced by hearing impaired children. Questionnaire survey, interviews and class observations involving teachers and students were carried out. Findings include the types of problems faced by children when learning basic literacy and the potential of using multimedia technology and accessibility to motivate students to learn via an interesting experience.


Visual exploration and smart data collection via autonomous vehicles is an attractive topic in various disciplines. Disturbances like wind significantly influence both the power consumption of the flying robots and the performance of the camera. We propose a reinforcement learning approach which combines the effects of the power consumption and the object detection modules to develop a policy for object detection in large areas with limited battery life. The learning model enables dynamic learning of the negative rewards of each action based on the drag forces that is resulted by the motion of the flying robot with respect to the wind field. The algorithm is implemented in a near-real world simulation environment both for the planar motion and flight in different altitudes. The trained agent often performed a trade-off between detecting the objects with high accuracy and increasing the area coverage within its battery life. The developed exploration policy outperformed the complete coverage algorithm by minimizing the traveled path while finding the target objects. The performance of the algorithms under various wind fields was evaluated in planar and 3D motion. During an exploration task with sparsely distributed goals and within a UAV's battery life, the proposed architecture could detect more than twice the amount of goal objects compared to the coverage path planning algorithm in moderate wind field. In high wind intensities, the energy-aware algorithm could detect 4 times the amount of goal objects when compared to its complete coverage counterpart.


In this article, we describe a way to perform sentence simplication. Our approach is largely based on solving this problem for the English language. We compare the different pretraining schemes in the application for this problem and show that the results obtained using machine translation of tests and fine tuning are approximately similar. mBART with control tokens is used as the main model for fine tuning. In the case of machine translation of tests into English, we use BART with control tokens.


While the Catholic Church is no longer under direct physical attack, contemporaneous efforts seek to hold the Pope and the Church civilly and criminally liable in various contexts. Most recently, sexual abuse allegations prompted domestic and international attempts to hold the Pope and his Church accountable to civil authorities. Papal infallibility offers no insulation from these attempts.
Under some circumstances, however, the Pope acting as the head of the Catholic religion in implementing theological practices of the Catholic Church is afforded civil protection. As will be discussed, these matters are extremely complicated. The Pope needs legal representation in these situations, particularly in light of the lingering resentment some hold against the papacy and the Vatican.