The methods and procedures currently used in assembly homogenization calculation mostly adopt the reflection boundary condition.This paper analyses the influence of real boundary condition,and summarizes to four quantifiable effects,then gets the expression formula by linearization hypothesis.Calculation in one test model found that the method of considering four boundary quantifiable effects could effectively back to transport calculation result.This method would make the precision of core design code with assembly homogenization methods being improved obviously,without much increase in computing time.


For a manufacturing enterprise, the production system is the principal in the competition among the enterprises. So improving the production system is an important means to enhance enterprise's competitive power. The paper takes an enterprise's production system as an example, to do simulation analysis for the whole system by using witness simulation software, and then the bottle neck which influences the productivity of system can be found. After analyzing the bottleneck simulation results, the essential influence factors can be found, and the improving methods can be put forward.


Rear casing is a key part of the aeroplane engine. Its dimensional precision is significant to the quality of the aeroplane engine. In the rear casing manufacturing process, the assembly variation of its corresponding wax dramatically affects the final dimensions. In this paper, a polar-coordinate based model is proposed to calculate the assembly variation of ring-shaped rear casing wax part. It avoids the variation caused by the coupling relationship between Cartesian coordinate systems and locating position. We also compare the polar-coordinate based model with the ordinary one in practical application. The results show that the polar-coordinate based model can simplify the calculating process and improve the computational accuracy for the assembly variation analysis of the ring-shaped part.© 2015 ASME


The empowerment of women is one of the central issues in the process of development of countries all over the world. Tamil Nadu has a glorious tradition of recognizing the importance of empowering women over several centuries now. There is an acute need among the poor for credit, both for consumption and production, which often forms the declining line between survival and succumbing to poverty. Dr. Jaya Arunachalam initiated a social organization, Working Women's Forum (India) in 1978 to develop the total human resource potential of very poor women workers in the informal sector. Working Women's Forum (India) which provides an organized platform, access to credit, education, healthcare, training/orientation towards promoting social and financial independence to fight poverty and gender discrimination, matching the Millennium Development Goals of the UN. The paper is based on annual reports and articles on WWF. The paper makes an attempt to understand the services of WWF that illustrates poor women to move out of poverty and dehumanization. This paper also attempts to analyze women's role as leaders.


The anisotropic four-component spin chain with integrable off-diagonal boundary terms is studied by the nested off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method. Based on the intrinsic properties of the associated R-matrix, the recursive operator product identities of the fused transfer matrices are obtained by using the fusion. The asymptotic behaviors and the values of fused transfer matrices at certain special points are derived explicitly. The nested inhomogeneous T − Q relations of the system are constructed, and the self-consistency of these relations is demonstrated. The method and the results can be applied to study the eigenvalue problems of multicomponent integrable models with open boundaries.The anisotropic four-component spin chain with integrable off-diagonal boundary terms is studied by the nested off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method. Based on the intrinsic properties of the associated R-matrix, the recursive operator product identities of the fused transfer matrices are obtained by using the fusion. The asymptotic behaviors and the values of fused transfer matrices at certain special points are derived explicitly. The nested inhomogeneous T − Q relations of the system are constructed, and the self-consistency of these relations is demonstrated. The method and the results can be applied to study the eigenvalue problems of multicomponent integrable models with open boundaries.


A field experiment was conducted during 2001–02 and 2002–03 at Bichpuri, Agra, to assess the effect of sources and levels of sulphur on productivity, sulphur content and uptake of nutrients (NPS) by linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). Each successive increase in the level of sulphur up to 60 kg/ha significantly increased seed yield, oil yield and content of S as well as total uptake of N, P and S by the crop. Among sources of sulphur, gypsum proved significantly superior to other sources for seed and oil yields and uptake of nutrients. Linseed fertilized with 60 kg S/ha through gypsum was found most profitable. Sulphur-use efficiency was the highest when lowest level of S was applied.


A scientific vertical borehole (borehole FDB) was rapidly drilled down to 691.7 m during September 2017 – March 2018 after the Mw 7.0 Kumamoto earthquake (mainshock), Japan occurred on 16th April 2016. This borehole penetrated the seismogenic fault called Futagawa Fault which ruptured during the mainshock. Temperature measurements across a newly ruptured fault enable us to detect the frictional heat induced by the high-speed fault slipping, and then to estimate the fault frictional resistance which controls earthquake dynamics. To investigate the frictional heat of its coseismic rupturing, we started temperature measurements in the borehole FDB from May 2018, i.e. two years after the mainshock. We are still repeating the temperature measurements once per two or three months; and have conducted seven times of the measurements until the end of November 2019.

At the drilling site located at Mashiki town, Kumamoto Pref, a ~2.5 m dextral strike-slip coseismic displacement which is the largest displacement of the mainshock was observed on the surface rupture in this area. The borehole FDB consists of a cased interval from the surface down to a depth of ~300 m, and an open hole interval below that, down to the bottom of the borehole. In this borehole, the groundwater level is ~42 m, we measure the water temperature below the groundwater level and assume that the water temperature is the same as that of the formation after they became an equilibrium state after several months after the drilling operation. We measured the temperature and pressure while putting down and pulling up high resolution temperature and pressure sensors at an approximately constant rate of 3 m/min. A positive temperature peak around a fault where resistivity and P-wave velocity obtained from borehole logging abruptly dropped. The temperature depth profile showed time variation possibly including dissipation of the coseismic frictional heat caused by the fault rupturing and the other natural reasons e.g. groundwater flow.


In his 1963 essay 'Supererogation and Offence: A Conceptual Scheme for Ethics,' Roderick Chisholm describes a category of human acts which he calls 'offences': A system of moral concepts which provides a place for what is good but not obligatory, should also provide a place for what is bad but not forbidden. For if there is such a thing as "non-obligatory well-doing" then it is plausible to suppose that there is also such a thing as "permissive ill-doing." There is no term in moral literature, so far as I know, which has been used to designate just this latter class of actions; I shall refer to them as "offences." Some recognize the possibility of acts, commonly called acts of supererogation, which are morally good or praiseworthy but not obligatory to perform. In this passage, as well as in a later article co-authored with Ernest Sosa, Chisholm calls attention to the possibility of acts which are morally bad or blameworthy to perform, but whose performance is nevertheless not forbidden.


The aim of the present study was to compare the cleansing properties of mechanical supportive care for dental implants with the use of an etching gel. Sixteen patients underwent a 5-month clinical trial with monthly recalls. These patients, wearing maxillary complete dentures and mandibular overdentures supported by a bar device on 4 implants, were treated in a split-mouth study design. Test and control therapy were randomly assigned to left and right sides of the mandible. At the test side, 35% phosphoric etching gel (pH 1) was applied in the peri-implant sulcus. After 1 minute, the sulcus was thoroughly rinsed with a water spray for approximately 15 seconds per implants. Control therapy consisted of supraand subgingival debridement using carbon fiber curettes and a rubber cup. Plaque, calculus, probing pocket depth, and modified Gingival Index were determined before each treatment. Microbiologic evaluation was performed at baseline, 1 month later, and 5 months later, just before and immediately after each treatment. Per treatment and per assessment, the mean scores of all clinical parameters were calculated for each patient. The number of colony-forming units was used as the primary efficacy variable in the analysis of microbiologic data. At baseline, no differences between test and control sites were observed for any of the clinical parameters. The mean Gingival Index and the mean probing pocket depth were reduced over the 5-month period. The mean reduction in Gingival Index at the test sites proved to be significantly larger at the control sites (P = .03). Both treatment modalities resulted in an instant reduction of the number of colony-forming units, where the reduction by chemical cleaning was larger (P < .05). This short-term study employing a high recall frequency indicates that local application of 35% phosphoric acid gel can be as effective as conventional mechanical supportive therapy. Brookshire FV. Nagy WW. Dhuru VB. Ziebert GJ. Chada S. Institution Marquette University, School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA. Title The qualitative effects of various types of hygiene instrumentation on commercially pure titanium and titanium alloy implant abutments: an in vitro and scanning electron microscope study. Source Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 78(3):286-94, 1997 Sep. Abstract STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Implant survival depends on proper and timely oral hygiene maintenance, and a wide variety of oral prophylaxis procedures have been recommended and used on implant abutments. PURPOSE: This in vitro study compared the surface quality of both commercially pure titanium and titanium-alloy implant abutments, subjected to various hygiene methods and instruments with a standardized, clinically applicable scaling force. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Commercially pure titanium and titanium-alloy abutments were exposed to five oral hygiene methods; a gold-alloy-tipped scaler, a high-grade resin scaler, a graphite-reinforced scaler, an airpowder abrasive system, and a rubber cup with tin oxide slurry. A customized test device that simulated the scaling motion and allowed the application of a standard load at the tip of the scaler was used. Scanning electron photomicrographs (x200) of the pretreatment and treated surfaces were obtained and compared qualitatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No significant surface alteration was produced by the air abrasive system. All other hygiene methods either created significant surface alterations, left residual particles on the abutment surfaces, or both.STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Implant survival depends on proper and timely oral hygiene maintenance, and a wide variety of oral prophylaxis procedures have been recommended and used on implant abutments. PURPOSE: This in vitro study compared the surface quality of both commercially pure titanium and titanium-alloy implant abutments, subjected to various hygiene methods and instruments with a standardized, clinically applicable scaling force. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Commercially pure titanium and titanium-alloy abutments were exposed to five oral hygiene methods; a gold-alloy-tipped scaler, a high-grade resin scaler, a graphite-reinforced scaler, an airpowder abrasive system, and a rubber cup with tin oxide slurry. A customized test device that simulated the scaling motion and allowed the application of a standard load at the tip of the scaler was used. Scanning electron photomicrographs (x200) of the pretreatment and treated surfaces were obtained and compared qualitatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No significant surface alteration was produced by the air abrasive system. All other hygiene methods either created significant surface alterations, left residual particles on the abutment surfaces, or both. Entspricht nicht ganz der Fragestellung, ist aber interessant. Int J Dent Hyg. 2007 May;5(2):87-94. Peri-implant maintenance of immediate function implants: a pilot study comparing hyaluronic acid and chlorhexidine. de Araújo Nobre M, Cintra N, Maló P. Department of Oral Hygiene, Clínica Maló, Lisbon, Portugal. firstname.lastname@example.com


This article reflects on the international reception of my book Prisons of Poverty as revelator of penal developments in advanced societies over the past decade. I show that the global firestorm of law and order inspired by the United States that the book detected in 1999 has continued to rage far and wide. Indeed, it has extended from First- to Second-World countries and has altered punishment politics and policies around the globe in ways that no one foresaw and would have thought possible two decades ago. I extend the analysis of the role of think tanks (especially the Manhattan Institute) in the diffusion of US-style crime-fighting notions and nostrums in Latin America as one element of the international circulation of pro-market policy packages fostering the punitive management of poverty. I elaborate and revise the original model of the link between neoliberalism and punitive penality, leading to the analysis of state-crafting in the age of social insecurity developed in my book Punishing the Poor.


discrepancy suggests the efficacy of BPHC's past investments in FY 2011 and FY 2012 that supported health centers funded before FY 2012 achieve patient centered medical home recognition. The FY 2016 Health Center Program Patient Centered Medical Home Supplement is the first funding not tied to capital improvements that BPHC has offered to support health centers' evolution to patient centered medical homes since FY 2012.


The conventional method of hemostasis by using knot-tying technique is safe and effective in thyroid surgery but it is time consuming. A new energy devices like ultrasonic scalpel and advanced bipolar electrosurgical cautery have been proven to be safe and effective in shortening the length of thyroid surgery but the high cost of these advanced generators that designed to work only with an expensive disposable hand pieces, make its use difficult to justify in some hospitals. Radiofrequency ablation device is a refined type of electrosurgical cautery that utilizes a wave of electrons at a frequency between 2 and 4MHz to seal and divide the targeted tissue and the ablation property of this device act as an extra vessel sealing effect, it can be used with conventional reusable bipolar electrosurgical cautery hand pieces. The aim is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a simple bipolar radiofrequency ablation device for hemostasis in thyroidectomy in comparison with the conventional knot-tying technique. This study was conducted in Alshiffa General Hospital following the approval of the local ethical committee. Fifty patients with different thyroid gland pathologies underwent total thyroidectomy in which hemostasis was achieved mainly with bipolar radiofrequency ablation device. The results of this group were compared with results of conventional knot-tying technique by the same surgical team at an earlier period. This study showed that bipolar radiofrequency ablation device significantly reduced; mean operative time, amount of foreign suture material, significant reduction in the mean volume of postoperative drainage, early patient discharge from hospital, and less


From the enactment of the Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China up to the present,ithas played a positive role in the acquirement,losing and resumption of the Chinese nationality.However,there arestill some aspects to be perfected,namely the dual nationality of children and adults.The dual nationality will dogreat harm both to the nationality nation and the third nation.So we should dispel and prevent the occurrence of thedual nationality.


As interest in energy saving products grows, LEDs which consume less power has emerged as the light source for the next generation of lighting system to replace the conventional light bulbs and fluorescent. It can be also controled emotionally. The system uses LEDs to implement desk lamp for emotional light. LED desk lamp uses zigbee communication to build mesh topology. It is controled by Light Control System which is made by Qt/Embedded GUI program for user application. User can control all desk lamp by using touch screen simply.


The aim of our study was to evaluate the automated enhanced-chemiluminescence VITROS EciQ (Ortho) system compared to the EIA ALISEI (Radim) system for the first level detection of CMV IgG and IgM antibodies. Samples derived from 95 immunocompetent patients were examined. Both systems showed similar results for CMV IgG: 63 samples were positive, 28 negative and 4 samples were weakly positive. The four weakly positive samples were subsequently confirmed with the LIAISON (DiaSorin) system. Agreement was 91% concerning CMV IgM detection: 79 samples were negative, 7 positive and 9 samples releved discrepancy between the two systems.When these 9 cases were tested with LIAISON system for CMV IgM and IgG and the CMV IgG avidity test, data revealed complete agreement between VITROS EciQ and LIAISON systems.VITROS EciQ system seems to be a valuable system for the first level diagnosis of CMV infection.


Through field experiment of maize growing,analysis is made of the soil nitrate nitrogen distribution characteristics under conventional border and film hole irrigation.The nitrate nitrogen change in 0~60 cm soil sections is obvious and the difference of nitrate nitrogen content between up and down section is relatively small during maize growing period under film hole irrigation.But under the conventional border irrigation it changes very sharply in 0~40 cm soil sections and the difference of nitrate nitrogen content between up and down is very large.For two irrigations,the nitrate nitrogen content in up soil section appears two fronts(trefoil stage and ear sprouting stage).Compared with the conventional border irrigation,film hole irrigation avoids the convergence of nitrate nitrogen in surface,so the nitrate nitrogen distribution in soil section is more reasonable and more favorable for the crop's up-taking of soil nitrogen.Because of the effect of film,film hole irrigation limits the ammonium nitrogen volatilizing and promotes the nitrogen utilization ratio.


Remijia chelomaphylla is known from one locality in eastern Peru. Although also distinct from other species of the genus because of vestiture and size and shape of the capsule, the type material is unique because it has lobed or sinuate leaf margins, rarely seen in the Rubiaceae. The wall of the foliar trichomes is sculptured with cuticular micropapillae. This sculpturing is reported to be found in other members of the Cinchoneae. Remijia DC. is a member of the tribe Cincho- neae (Rubiaceae). The genus was first described from Brazil in 1829, but species are now known from Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. No species is known to be widespread throughout the entire range of the genus; in fact, most are restricted to relatively limited ranges. Remijia chelomaphylla is known from the val- ley of the Rio Monz6n, a tributary of the Rio Huallaga of eastern Peru. The type was col- lected in 1963, prior to extensive disturbance of this locality. Rapid deforestation along the Rio Huallaga and its tributaries has occurred within the past fifteen years because of a large increase in population (Gentry and Lopez-Pa- rodi 1980). The area is also a source of coca, Erythroxylum coca Lam. var. coca (Bohm et al. 1982), and much of the land has been cleared for its cultivation. Efforts to relocate the plant have been unsuccessful. Jose Schunke Vigo has collected extensively in the vicinity, but this species was not included in his collections. I was unable to locate the species on a recent field trip, and it is probable that the plant is rare or possibly even extinct. Although currently under revisionary study, the genus is estimated to contain about 25 species. Remijia chelomaphylla is unlike other species examined, especially in the apparent lobation of the leaves and the characteristic leaf vestiture.


Holography, the technology of three-dimensional imaging, has repeatedly been reconceptualised by new communities. Conceived in 1947 as a means of improving electron microscopy, holography was revitalized in the early 1960s by engineer-scientists at classified laboratories. The invention promoted the transformation of a would-be discipline (optical engineering) and spawned limited artist-scientist collaborations. However, a separate artisanal community promoted a distinct countercultural form of holography via a revolutionary technology: the sandbox optical table. Their tools, sponsorship, products, literature and engagement with wider culture differentiated the communities, which instituted a limited 'technological trade'. The subject strikingly illustrates the co-evolution of new technology along with highly dissimilar user groups, neither of which fostered the secure establishment of a profession or discipline. The case generalises the concept of 'research-technologists' and 'peripheral science', and extends the ideas of Langdon Winner by demonstrating how the political dimensions of a technology can be important but evanescent in the growth of technical communities.


Insulating layer forming slurry of the present invention includes an insulating fine particles having a heat resistance, a thickener, and a dispersion medium, wherein the insulating particles are dispersed in the dispersion medium, for the insulating layer formed the viscosity of the slurry is a 5~500mPa · s, said in particles contained in the insulating fine particles, the particle size is the proportion of the smaller particles 1μm is 30 vol% or more and a particle size of more than 3μm particle wherein the ratio of is 10 vol% or less. Further, the electrochemical device of the present invention includes a separator for an electrochemical device of the present invention prepared using the slurry for forming an insulating layer of the present invention.


"This quarter's strong revenue growth in pharmaceutical distribution was driven primarily by new accounts added in previous quarters, new business opportunities with existing customers, and above market growth rates in our larger retail and institutional customers," said Kurt Hilzinger, AmerisourceBergen Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. "These growth dynamics in combination with solid expense control drove excellent earnings growth in the quarter."


ABSTRACT The Azhdarchidae have come to be known as the most diverse clade of Late Cretaceous pterosaurs and the largest flying creatures in existence. Since the erection of the taxon nearly four decades ago, many partial specimens have been referred to it from the Early Cretaceous and Late Jurassic, but none of these identifications can be confirmed. The most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis and taxonomy of Pterosauria is presented, and the evolutionary history of the Azhdarchidae is reviewed. As currently known, azhdarchids are restricted to the Late Cretaceous (Turonian–Maastrichtian). Fourteen species are currently included in the Azhdarchidae: Quetzalcoatlus northropi and Q. lawsoni are recovered as sister taxa in a monophyletic Quetzalcoatlus, with Arambourgiania philadelphiae, Hatzegopteryx thambema, a trichotomy with Cryodrakon boreas and Wellnhopterus brevirostris, Zhejiangopterus linhaiensis, Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis, a Phosphatodraco mauritanicus + Aralazhdarcho bostobensis sister group, as well as an Azhdarcho lancicollis + Albadraco tharmisensis + Aerotitan sudamericanus + Mistralazhdarcho maggii clade are recovered as successive outgroups to Quetzalcoatlus in the Azhdarchidae. The previous azhdarchid species Montanazhdarcho minor and Radiodactylus langstoni are recovered as non-azhdarchid azhdarchiforms; Alanqa saharica and Argentinadraco barrealensis are thalassodromines; Cretornis hlavaci and Volgadraco bogolubovi are pteranodontians; and Bakonydraco galaczi is a tapejarine. Up to a dozen pterosaur lineages persist into the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian Age) including azhdarchids, pteranodontids, and nyctosauromorphs. In the Late Cretaceous, an ornithocheirid, cimoliopterids, a lonchodrachonid, a lonchodectid, pteranodontians, tapejarines, thalassodromines, a chaoyangopterine, and azhdarchiforms are present. The pterosaurs did not have a terminal decline in diversity and were increasing in species number at the end of the Cretaceous Period.


The Blue-rumped Parrot (Psittinus cyanurus) inhabits its own mono-typic genus, with its closest relatives being the Philippine Guaiabero Parrot (Bolbopsittacus lunulatus) and the genus of Psittacella parrots which are unknown in European aviculture. In size, the Bluerumped Parrot measures just 18cm (7 in.) in overall length and seldom exceeds 85 grams in body weight, making this one of the smaller species of Asian psittacines. Dimorphic Sexual dimorphism is clearly apparent in adult birds and in newly fledged birds there is slight dimorphism while they are still in their immature plumage. The male bird has a grayishblue head with a red upper mandible, brownish-red lower mandible. The female bird, by comparison, has a brown head with greyish-brown mandibles. Young birds still in immature plumage have green heads and generally green body plumage; in most juvenile male birds, a slight blue wash can be seen in the green head feathers at this age giving an early indication of their gender. Range The natural range of this species covers mainland south eastern Asia from Thailand though Malaysia and also on Borneo and Sumatra, Indonesia. It is most commonly reported that pairs or small groups of adult birds are seen in their favored habitat of lowland forest and woodlands, sometimes also being found in orchards and plantations. At the end of the breeding season young birds are generally more gregarious than the adults and can be seen flying in larger groups and often feeding communally on Oil Palm plantations which are in fruit soon after these birds have fledged. Three regional sub-species have been described (Forshaw, 1989) but visible differences appear to be marginal. The small size and quiet nature of these birds make them suitable for keeping indoors in countries which have a temperate climate. At Loro Parque the sub-tropical climate of the Canary Islands means that our birds remain outside throughout the year, one pair on exhibition and two pairs located in our off-exhibit breeding centers. Breeding Pairs at Loro Parque The pairs which are housed in the breeding areas are accommodated in suspended cages which measure approx. 3m x lm x lm, (10 x Y/i x 31/1 ft.) while the pair on exhibition have a large conventional aviary which allows the birds access to the f1oor. The Bluerumped Parrot is, however, very rarely found at a low height in the aviary. Rather it prefers to spend practically all of the time on the highest perches available. Diet The diet of these birds is as follows: Morning feed at 7 A.M.: Salad feed which contains diced items such as apple, pear, papaya, tomato, orange, kiwi fruit, prickly-pear, alfalfa, beetroot, lettuce, carrot, pepper and other seasonally available fruits and vegetables. A second smaller dish contains a commercial dietary pellet. During the breeding season a special supplement cake is baked at Lora Parque fresh each day and a few pieces of this are added to the food dish which contains the dietary pellet. Afternoon feed at 7 P.M.: The afternoon feed provides these birds with seeds such as millet, hemp, niger, sunflower (small amount), safflower etc. and some cooked beans such as Mung beans and black-eyed beans. Lentils and cereal grains are added along with pine nuts and peanuts. All drinking water provided is puri- fied by first being chlorinated then passed through a reverse osmosis machine which is equipped with an ultra-violet light sterilization unit. Bathing water is provided for the birds by daily showers which are built into the design of eve1y aviary in the park. Success After many Years Despite having been in the collection at Lora Parque for many years, successful breeding was not recorded until the current 1996 breeding season. Towards the end of May we noticed that copulation was taking place much more frequently between the two birds on exhibition and that the female was starting to spend much time working inside the nest to prepare a scrape in the wood shavings. The nest box provided measures 45cm x 21cm x 21cm (18 x 8 x 8 in.) with an 8cm (3 in.) diameter entrance hole. Wood shavings are used exclusively as a nesting medium inside the nest box. Once the female began to spend extended periods of time in the nest box, more regular nest inspections were carried out and it became clear that she was in the process of preparing a scrape area in the nesting medium. When the nest box was inspected on the 10th of June we found that one egg had been laid and a week later the clutch had increased to four eggs. Of these four eggs only one hatched which took place on 6 July.


Twelve states (Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – USSR (now Russia), South Africa, the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA)) signed the Antarctic Treaty at the conclusion of the Antarctic Conference in Washington in December 1959. The original signatories have remained influential actors in the system, and proudly promote this status. These states became Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties (ATCPs) by virtue of their status as original signatories under Article IX. The other Consultative Parties – now numbering seventeen – have to accede to the treaty and then gain consultative party status by 'conducting substantial research activity there, such as the establishment of a scientific station or the despatch of a scientific expedition'. This leaves questions moot over the meaning of 'during such times' and 'substantial research activity' in Article IX (2) and how acceding states assess the level of scientific work required of the original signatories. The original signatories have helped shape the development of what has become known as the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS). The majority of the original signatories have undertaken much of the 'heavy lifting' within the ATS, for example, the development of arrangements to address the protection of flora and fauna, the regulation of marine and mineral resources, environmental protection and the regulation of tourism. As a result the original signatory states have been active in developing administrative arrangements within the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings (ATCMs) and have had key roles in its Working Groups. Most significantly 'the originals' conduct a major proportion of the scientific effort and logistics on the continent.


Effects of configuration interaction and relativity on the dielectronic satellite spectra and total dielectronic rate coefficients for the hydrogenlike ions were investigated. The calculations were carried out for the intermediate autoionizing states of the 2l2l' and 2l3l' configurations by using relativistic and nonrelativistic Hartree-Fock models. The effect of relativity has been found to change the Auger rates by as much as a factor of 18 at Z = 54. The inclusion of the Breit interaction in calculations of the Auger matrix elements could change the Auger rates by as much as a factor of 4 for the Xe/sup 52+/ ion. The effect of configuration interaction has been found to alter some of the transition rates by a factor of 2. The dielectronic satellite spectra become much more complex due to the inclusion of configuration interaction and intermediate coupling. The effects of relativity and configuration interaction, however, have been found to change the total dielectronic recombination coefficients by amounts less than 20% and a few percent, respectively, for the Cr/sup 23+/ and Xe/sup 53+/ ions.


Piroxicam has been the most widely used potent non steroidal anti inflammatory drug used in treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and acute gout disease for many decades. Since no systema tic studies on design and development of Piroxicam FDT are available in literature, we propose to develop a suitable formulation to characterize fast dissolving tablet of Piroxicam. The aim of present study was to formulate various formulations of immediat e release tablets of Piroxicam using different excipients by direct compression. The dispersible drug delivery system was developed using Croscarmellose Sodium, Sodium Starch Glycolate and Crospovidine as disintegrating agents. In the present work, formula tions of Orodispersible tablets of Piroxicam were prepared using three superdisintegrants namely Crospovidone, Croscarmellose Sodium and Sodium Starch Glycolate in different concentrations (3%, 4%, 5% and 6%). The final blend and tablets of Piroxicam were evaluated for powder flow properties, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and hausner's ratio, weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, drug content, disintegration time and in - vitro release s tudy. Formulation F8 showed the lowest disintegration time and more water absorption ratio. In - vitro dissolution studies revealed that formulation F8 showed 9 6 .1 1 % percent drug release at the end of 30 minutes. Accelerated stability studies conducted for t hree month at 40°C and 75% RH and were found within specification.


Work-in-progress is reported, taking a case study approach to investigate the delivery of an e-book which is constructed based upon the customisation of an existing Pearson Education text. Of particular interest is that the customisation will include a capability for dynamic highlighting and annotating of the e-book text to reflect activities stipulated in the course guide, and to facilitate interchange between students and the lecturer and between students and their student colleagues - a form of social networking. The data collection and evaluation of the impact of the e-book will provide insights into a number of aspects including: learning resource uptake; effectiveness of the resource suite components; and the means of staff instruction to students as facilitated using e-book resources.


This article compares the legal protection of privacy and personal data principally in common law jurisdictions. It points out that the growth of privacy law in these jurisdictions has traditionally centred on the ability of individuals to bring claims to court, with claims largely dealt with as a matter of common law (i.e. judge-made law). However, the absence of a generally accepted principle that individuals should be free to bring a claim in court for a breach of a statute has worked to limit the development of (statutory) data protection norms in the common law world. Nevertheless, the situation now appears to be changing with some recent cases.


Some proper indexes, methods and math-geological models are adopted for quantitative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on the geology structure.The Quantitative Evaluation Information System of Mining Geology Structure(MGS) is developed based on Visual Basic 6 0, ADO, Access97, Surfer and so on.This information system has many effective functions such as vector inputting, data management and procession, mathematical statistics, spatial analysis, comprehensive evaluation and visualization in scientific computing MGS was applied in Pansan Mine,Huainan area, Anhui Province.


Agglomerates of aligned crystals of Ca_xCo_2O_4 with a layer of CoO_2 were grown using a chloride flux technique, and their thermoelectric properties in air were determined. The agglomerates take the form of a very thin flakelike cluster of crystals with a typical size of almost 3 × 2 × 0.07 mm. The values of thermoelectric power along the ab-plane are larger than 200 μV K^−1 at temperatures above 873 K and reach almost 300 μV K^−1 at 973 K. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity along the ab-plane shows bends around 450 and 825 K, and the ln ρ_ab−T^−1 curve followed an Arrhenius-type behavior below 450 K. Temperature dependence of thermal conductivity indicated that stacking faults along the c axis induce phonon scattering like that in a misfit-layered structure. The effect of the CoO_2 layer on thermoelectric performance is discussed in comparison with related compounds.


Paper has been repeatedly recognised as an important medium for exchanging, editing and managing documents throughout the document life-cycle. Despite their static nature, paper documents still represent one of the preferred way of handling information in different situations, such as on the move or in collaboration. In order to overcome the limitations of paper and exploit the advantages of digital interfaces, new technologies for interactive paper have been introduced in recent years. Technologies such as the Anoto Digital Pen and Paper enable users to access digital information through interactions with printed copies. Links to digital content and services are defined on paper and activated when users interact with the paper sheet by means of a digital pen. Various research projects have investigated how to best enable interactions with digital services through interactive paper interfaces. The developed prototypes showed the potential of the available technologies for bridging the paper-digital divide and how paper and digital documents can be effectively interwoven. However, most of the existing approaches concentrate on enriching paper-digital interactions only, very often forgetting to take into account the process of producing interactive paper documents and the effective management of information across the two interfaces. The current lack of support for generating rich interactive paper documents leads to a separation of paper-digital documents in two detached entities, that can hardly be mapped again as the paper and digital instances of the same document. To further enrich the information exchange across the paper-digital boundary and to support a better management of paper-digital documents, we introduce a set of general concepts and models for supporting a novel information-centric infrastructure for publishing interactive paper documents. Our approach supports the automatic and semi-automatic generation of paper-based links to digital information, by intercepting the publishing process of a digital document and applying document analysis techniques to the underlying document models. Furthermore,


Gradient based optimisation of a Coanda surface for a transonic, supercritical circulation control aerofoil is presented. Design variable updates are driven by a Sequential Least Squares Quadratic Programming (SLSQP) algorithm, using gradients provided by the solution of the Adjoint equations in discrete formulation. Surface sensitivities of the lift coefficient relative to local variations on the Coanda shape are shown, which indicate that the effects due to under-expansion of the jet have a significant influence on the circulation control efficiency. It is also shown that a 16\% improvement in the augmented lift coefficient compared with a simple circular shape can be achieved with minor alterations of an initial quasi-elliptical design. A gain in lift coefficient of $C_l = 0.09$ was achieved relative to this initial shape.


RFC 5328 registered the Uniform Resource Name (URN) namespace "dvb"
for the Digital Video Broadcasting Project. This document updates RFC
5328 with new registrant information.


Deposition methods of promising low secondary electron emission coatings such a TiNx, CrNx and CNx have been studied using ion assisted electron gun evaporation in nitrogen atmosphere. Surface composition, by XPS, crystalline structure, by XRD, and morphology by SEM have been studied. Secondary electron emission coefficient has been correlated with multipactor threshold power. For each material its distinguishing physical properties and its prospect for antimultipactor coating implementation as a function of the composition of the films is obtained. TiNx and CNx, both obtained in crystalline phase, appear as excellent coatings to prevent multipactor.


iv Abstract The use of seismic methods in hard rock environments in Western Australia for mineral exploration is a new and burgeoning technology. Traditionally, mineral exploration has relied upon potential field methods and surface prospecting to reveal shallow targets for economic exploitation. These methods have been and will continue to be effective but lack lateral and depth resolution needed to image deeper mineral deposits for targeted mining. With global need for minerals, and gold in particular, increasing in demand, and with shallower targets harder to find, new methods to uncover deeper mineral reserves are needed. Seismic reflection imaging, hard rock borehole data analysis, seismic inversion and seismic attribute analysis all give the spatial and volumetric exploration techniques the mineral industry can use to reveal high value deeper mineral targets. In 2002, two high resolution seismic lines, the East Victory and Intrepid, were acquired along with sonic logging, to assess the feasibility of seismic imaging and rock characterisation at the St. Ives gold camp in Western Australia. An innovative research project was undertaken combining seismic processing, rock characterization, reflection calibration, seismic inversion and seismic attribute analysis to show that volumetric predictions of rock type and gold-content may be viable in hard rock environments. Accurate seismic imaging and reflection identification proved to be challenging but achievable task in the all-out hard rock environment of the Yilgarn craton. Accurate results were confounded by crocked seismic line acquisition, low signal-to-noise ratio, regolith distortions, small elastic property variations in the rock, and a limited volume of sonic logging. Each of these challenges, however, did have a systematic solution which allowed for accurate results to be achieved. Seismic imaging was successfully completed on both the East Victory and Intrepid data sets revealing complex structures in the Earth as shallow as 100 metres to as deep as 3000 metres. The successful imaging required homogenization of the regolith to eliminate regolith travel-time distortions and accurate constant velocity analysis for reflection focusing using migration. Verification of the high amplitude reflections within each image was achieved through integration of surface geological


In 2002, the US Army Corp of Engineers (ACE) initiated a 1.6 million dollar Upper Susquehanna River Watershed-Cooperstown Area Ecosystem Restoration Feasibility Study And Integrated Environmental Assessment. Authorized by the U.S. Congress, the pilot program was to "use wetland restoration, soil and water conservation practices, and non-structural measures to...improve water quality and wildlife habitat...in the Upper Susquehanna River Basin..." (ACE 2001). Initially identified were eight Field Assessed Benefit and Design Strategy sites (FABADS) in Otsego County. During 2003, the SUNY Oneonta Biological Field Station (BFS) monitored two restored sites which receive agricultural runoff as well as a local "pristine reference site". Comparisons were made between inflows and outflows, and between the wetlands, of concentrations of different nutrient fractions, suspended sediments and fecal coliform bacteria. This short term study did indicate water quality improvements when nutrient levels at the inflow were elevated (Fickbohm 2005), though it is probable that not enough time had elapsed to allow these systems to naturalize to the point where treatment potential was realized.


Research on animated pedagogical agents (agents) is viewed as a very positive attempt to introduce more pedagogical support and motivational elements into multi-media instruction. Yet, existing empirical studies that examine the learning benefits of agents have had very mixed results, largely due to the way that they are designed. This article will suggest five design principles for future research on the impact of agents on learning and motivation including: 1) The Balanced Separation Principle describes need for adequate controls that tease out the specific type of learning and/or motivational support the agent is providing; 2) The Variety of Outcomes Principle suggests different measures to test a variety of learning and motivation outcomes that may be influenced by agents; 3) The Robust Measurement Principle advises researchers to pay special attention to the reliability and construct validity of experimenter designed measures; 4) The Cost-Effectiveness Principle recommends the collection of data on the relative cost of producing agent and non-agent treatments; and 5) The Cognitive Load Principle alerts those who plan treatments for experiments to exercise caution when developing and testing agents that are visually and aurally "noisy" or complex.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aquatic lower limb muscle strengthening program on gait and lower limb function in hemiplegia stroke patient. Subjects were 20 hemiplegia stroke patients and they participated in the 12 weeks aquatic lower limb muscle strengthening program from June 2011 to August 2011. The exercise intensity was 12-16 (50-85% VO max) RPE. Gait analysis, lower limb function mobility, balance ability, lower limb muscle were measured before and after the exercise. Collected data were analyzed by paired t-test and independent t-test with using SPSS window 18.0 version. After aquatic lower limb muscle strengthening program, gait distance was significantly increased and gait course angle was significantly decreased. Lower limb function mobility, balance ability, lower limb muscle were also significantly increased after the program. Interestingly, after aquatic lower limb muscle strengthening program, left hemiplegia stroke patients presented significant increase in lower limb muscle than right hemiplegia stroke patients. In conclusion, aquatic lower limb muscle strengthening program improved gait distance, gait time, lower limb function in hemiplegia stroke patients. Therefore, aquatic lower limb muscle strengthening program is considered as proper rehabilitation exercise program for stroke patients.


A consumer's decision to buy a product or service is the result of interplay of many forces or stimuli. Consumer choice process is a complex phenomena. Selection of the product or services get involved many process. Especially for the selection of durable products, the customer has to spend much time to evaluate and choose the best based on their requirements. After the opening up of the economy in the 90s, People are so busy, they are not able to spend enough time to choose the right product or services as they wish. The study Endeavour to carry out a comprehensive study on brand preference of passenger cars. This study refined the factors that will influence the brand preference of passenger cars in India, addressed the preliminary issues relating to selection of a brand and pre purchase behavior of the respondents. Moreover it reveals the factors that contribute more on brand preference which will be more relevant and useful for general public as well as the manufacturers and dealers and also provides means which would equip them with effective marketing strategies to improve their performance, retain the customers and secure new customer for the business.


lung transplantation. To address this issue, the lung allocation policy states that candidates who most urgently need a transplant and who are expected to receive the greatest survival benefit should receive priority for transplant. Thus, it is important to identify factors that are predictive of who is most likely to benefit from lung transplantation. Social support appears to be an important factor in lung transplantation. Research has consistently shown that low levels of social support after transplant are related to low rates of survival, nonadherence with medical regimens, and poor psychological adjustment. These studies raise the question of the role of social support in the pretransplant period. The pretransplant period is fraught with stressors, and individuals being evaluated for lung transplant have higher levels of depression and anxiety than does the general population. Adequate received and perceived social support has been seen as a critical factor in deciding transplant candidacy, particularly for transplants that require a high degree of patient care; specifically, the success of lung transplantation is partly attributable to the presence of a caregiver. For many transplant centers, the absence of a social support network is a nearly absolute contraindication, and transplant centers often require that patients correct this contraindication before the patients can be listed for transplantation. In its consensus report, the Pulmonary Scientific Council of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation classified the lack of a reliable social support system as an "absolute contraindication" to lung transplant. Adequate social support is important, as many individuals seek social support as a form of coping. Weiss The roles of social support and psychological distress in lung transplant candidacy


A unified theory of the thermo-mechanical behavior of
viscoelastic media is developed from studying the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, and includes discussions of the general equations of motion, crack propagation, variational principles, and approximate methods of stress analysis.

The equations of motion in terms of generalized coordinates
and forces are derived for systems in the neighborhood of a stable equilibrium state. They represent a modification of Biot's theory in that they contain explicit temperature dependence, and a thermodynamically consistent inclusion of the time-temperature superposition principle for treating media with temperature-dependent viscosity coefficients. The stress-strain-temperature and energy equations for viscoelastic solids follow immediately from the general
equations and, along with equilibrium and strain-displacement relations, they form a complete set for the description of the thermomechanical behavior of media with temperature-dependent viscosity. In addition, an energy equation for crack propagation is derived and examined briefly for its essential features by applying it to a specific problem.

The thermodynamic equations of motion are then used to
deduce new variational principles for generalized coordinates and forces, employing convolution-type functionals. Anticipating various engineering applications, the formulation is phrased alternately in terms of mechanical displacement, stresses, entropy displacement, and temperature in thermally and mechanically linear solids. Some special variational principles are also suggested for applications wherein the nonlinear thermal effects of temperature dependent viscosity and dissipation may be important.

Building upon the basic variational formulation, it is next
shown that when these convolution functionals are Laplace-transformed with respect to time, some convenient minimum principles result which can be employed for the approximate calculation of transformed, viscoelastic responses. The characteristic time dependence of exact and approximate solutions is then derived and used in relating error
in approximate viscoelastic solutions to error in the associated elastic solutions.

The dissertation is concluded with a study of some approximate methods of viscoelastic analysis. First, the important problem of inverting complicated Laplace transforms to physical time-dependent solutions is resolved by advancing two easily applied, approximate methods of transform inversion. These inversion methods and
variational principles are then used in some illustrative, numerical, examples of stress and heat conduction analysis.


The article discusses the effectiveness, methods, and mathematical models of measures to control the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Kazakhstan. Data were obtained for a 10-year period of the incidence of HIV infection, and a distribution schedule for the morbidity of the population was created and analyzed using the Statistica application software package. A model of HIV spread is considered taking into account the social adaptation of the population, a scheme of a probabilistic model is constructed, and a system of probabilistic differential equations is used. The current direction of the strategy for combating HIV infection is largely determined by a scientifically based system for assessing the epidemiological state of HIV infection using mathematical models that can determine the patterns of the epidemiological process with great confidence and predict the expected level of morbidity. Currently, according to scientists, there are about 150 different forecasting methods, but in practice, 15–20 types of methods are most often used. One of the methods used in the majority is expert assessment, extrapolation, mathematical modeling, and mixed forecasts. To date, the problem of HIV infection is one of the most important Kazakhstan consistently implements steps to curb the spread of HIV infection. The issues of combating HIV infection are included in the state program of healthcare development of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2020-2025.


This article theorises the effects of the mobile phone phenomenon upon the spatial and temporal dynamics of everyday life. It contends that more than any other connectable networkable device, the mobile phone transforms the experience of space and time for individuals and collectivities. Moreover, its importance seems set to become even more central as it rapidly transforms from simple voice-carrier to powerful communicating device that will allow the transmission and reception of increasingly rich data that includes video, Internet and data-processing uses. This transformation, I argue, serves to liquefy time and space. The mobile phone, as part of an array of networkable devices and applications that make up the 'network society', brings what David Harvey calls 'time-space' compression to new levels of intensity. In so doing it is shaping a new form of subjectivity a 'virtual self' that has the potential to either trap or liberate.


Georgia's House Bill 87 (HB 87), called the ''Illegal Immigration Reform and Enforcement Act of 2011'' took effect on July 1, 2011. This law was modeled after Arizona's controversial immigration law Senate Bill 1070 (SB 1070). Thirty-six other states are considering similar bills. While there is ongoing debate about the constitutionality of the Arizona and Georgia laws, there has been little consideration of the potentially detrimental effects the laws would have on the overall health of the public and of immigrants in particular. A temporary injunction recently was issued for certain aspects of HB 87, but these laws continue to be of significant concern until a definitive ruling is made. HB 87 targets individuals who might be considered as helping an illegal alien avoid detection by authorities by considering it a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment and/or a $1000 fine. Punishable actions include ''harboring'', which is broadly defined as ''any conduct that tends to substantially help an illegal alien to remain in the United States (US).'' The law specifically exempts ''a person providing emergency medical service,'' which appears to leave non-emergency medical providers open to prosecution. Whether or not state enforcement agencies choose to prosecute physicians under this law is not directly relevant to its potential public health consequences. The primary public health risk arising from these laws is that both legal and illegal immigrants may perceive seeking clinical services as too risky. HB 87 stipulates that a person can be charged with transporting an illegal alien if he or she ''while committing another criminal offense, knowingly and intentionally transports and moves an illegal alien in a motor vehicle for the purpose of furthering the illegal presence of the alien in the US.'' The vague language of the law will create uncertainty for individuals or groups (e.g. churches) that drive immigrants to appointments. Thus, even if they do not fear being reported by physicians, illegal immigrants can face detention and their legally residing relatives and friends can face prosecution if they are detained by police while in transit. Enforcement of these new laws can be predicted to harm the public's health in three meaningful ways. First, there will be a reduction in prevention of illnesses among immigrants, particularly those residing illegally in the United States. By increasing the risks for attending a clinic, many patients will choose to forgo medical visits, with the predictable consequences of greater morbidity and mortality among immigrant populations and potentially impacting other non immigrant proximate populations. Specific potential harms include delayed treatment for communicable diseases, reduced vaccination rates, and higher rates of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Furthermore, reduced care for serious psychiatric illnesses would result in greater rates of suicide, substance abuse, and psychotic episodes and raise associated societal harms. Due to the extensive intermixing of cultural groups within the United States, the consequences of these effects, although initially affecting illegal immigrants, will inevitably affect the health of legal immigrants, and ultimately the broader population. Second, it seems likely that a sizeable proportion of illegal immigrants, and their legally residing family members, will relocate to other states. In this regard, Arizona represents a test case for state-level immigration reform. It has been estimated that 100,000 Mexicans left Arizona in the three months following the passage of law SB1070, with only 23,380 of those returning to Mexico. The resulting influx of poor and uninsured immigrants to neighboring states will increase the demands on public health services in those states, resulting in longer wait times and reduced availability for those residents already using these services. Thus, state-level implementation of immigration reform will produce a shifting of the public health burden from one state to the next, which will only intensify as more states pursue laws that replicate SB1070 and HB87. With each additional state that adopts an Arizona-style law, the pressure on other states to do so increases. The third consequence of these laws will be an increase in the number of patients receiving treatment in illegal healthcare settings. Although little known outside the immigrant communities, illegal clinics have increasingly become a viable and trusted source of medical care for immigrants residing in the United States. Staffed by unlicensed doctors, nurses or dentists trained outside the United States, these clinics often operate out of private homes. Providers within these clinics perform procedures and dispense prescription medications smuggled from other countries. Predictable consequences from these practices are greater antibiotic resistance and adverse health outcomes due to iatrogenic actions, drug interactions, and delayed receipt of appropriate treatment. Here again, the consequences of increasing barriers to accessing health care for illegal immigrants will serve to undermine the health of all residents, due to increased demand on emergency responders and threats to the efficacy and quality of the pharmaceutical armamentarium. Going forward, efforts should be made to measure Editorial


Ultrasonic velocities (u), densities (ρ) and viscosities (η) have been measured for the binary liquid systems (1M Alanine + 1M NaCl) and (1M Alanine + 1M MgCl2). The ultrasonic velocity measurements have been carried out by ultrasonic interferometer technique at 2 MHz frequency and at different temperatures of 298, 303 and 308K. Using these experimental data, derived thermodynamic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βa), intermolecular free length (Lf), acoustic impedance (z), and relative association (RA) have been computed using standard formulae. The results have been interpreted on the basis of variations in thermodynamic parameters. The variations in ultrasonic velocity and adiabatic compressibility with concentrations in both the systems show similar trends of increasing ultrasonic velocity and decreasing adiabatic compressibility of constituent electrolytes at different temperatures. This is due to complex formation and coordinate covalent bond form between the molecules of liquid solutions. The thermodynamic parameters were highly useful in elucidating solute – solvent interactions in aqueous solutions and binary mixtures.


deposition is lost at a rate of -0.030 kg*m -2 *y -1 . Rapid carbon accumulation, at a rate of 0.033 kg*m -2 *y -1 , begins at 40 years and continues to 97 years, but is mostly limited to the upper 5 cm of the soil profile. After 97 years, the rate of carbon accumulation is slowed to 0.0056 kg*m -2 *y 1 and carbon begins to accumulate in the subsoil. Subsoil accumulation of carbon during the third stage is likely to originate from roots, rather than processes of bioturbation or leaching. The C/N ratio of the soil organic matter in the A-horizon is around 20 to 30 throughout most of the chronosequence, except at 40 and 60 years, when C/N ratio was elevated.


When drivers drive on the fast lane, their line of sight is usually blocked by the heavy vehicles on the outside lane, so it may affect the chevrons' visibility and cause the danger due to the decline of the perception accuracy of radius. This paper analyzes the relation between the chevron's invisibility and curve radius, volume, vehicle's speed and percentage of heavy vehicles, and establishes the models of total blockage time and total available time aiming at the two-way road with medium by using the driver's visibility disciplinarian, vehicle arrival disciplinarian and calculous method. The authors also discuss the minimum apperceive time of four chevrons, so the rationality of chevron's spacing can be estimate according to compare the visibility time and the minimum apperceive time.


The article is dedicated to the peculiarities and development tendencies of legal regulation of recognition of professional qualifications in the European Union. Taking into account that recognition of professional qualifications and the respective confirmation documents is one of the key forms for mutual recognition, the article also covers the issues of the contents of the mutual recognition principle, on the whole. The article analyzes the acts of primary and secondary law of the European Union, as well as the practice of the Court of the European Union, the process for creation of a mechanism of legal regulation of recognition of professional qualifications. A great deal of attention is paid to the general characteristics of different attempts at harmonization of the legislations of the member states of the European Union in the field of professional qualifications based on the sector-wide approach, the minimum educational standards and the general mutual recognition system, and their defects are detected. A special focus is made on Directive 2005/36 on the recognition of professional qualifications as the underlying document in the field of recognition of qualifications, which has united most of the previously effective norms.


This paper discusses the increasing interest in whistleblower legislation to advance the anticorruption project. The author identifies the several references to whistleblower protection in international anticorruption treaties and the introduction of whistleblower protection in several countries. In particular, the author discusses the Protected Disclosures Act in Jamaica and its similarly to the UK Protected Disclosures Act. The paper argues that the character of whistleblower legislation is changing and, following the UK model, it is more an instrument for protecting employees from unfair treatment that an instrument to tackle corruption.


Abstract: In the eighteenth century, as now, finding adequate, affordable medical care occupied the minds of many colonists. Most medical scholarship focuses on the practice of medicine, providing few details of a crucial time in a physician s career - his training. This article provides an analysis of the journal of John Denison Hartshorn, a colonial medical apprentice in Massachusetts. It compares Hartshorn's experiences with that of other Massachusetts ' medical apprentices. From Hartshorn s diary, we can determine the common features of medical training, the types of patients who were treated by novices, and the treatments they received. Dr. Thompson is an assistant professor of U.S. history who is working on a book on medicine in early America. Like many young men in colonial America who wished to become physicians, John Denison Hartshorn trained by apprenticeship. He signed a contract in April 1752 to receive his surgical and medical training under a prominent Boston surgeon, Dr. Silvester Gardiner. Historian Eric Christianson's work establishes the importance of medical apprenticeship in eighteenth-century Massachusetts. His data shows that the growth rate in the number of physicians outstripped the general population growth and yet, "Europe provided less than 10 percent of all the colonial Massachusetts practitioners."1 Of those who received formal instruction, it was most likely in the form of apprenticeship. Despite the centrality of apprenticeship to medical education, most scholarship on eighteenthcentury colonial medicine focuses on the practices of prominent physicians of the period, ignoring a key aspect of their career - their training.2 This article critically analyzes Hartshorn's diary to explore the life of an eighteenth-century urban apprentice, comparing his experiences with William Jepson, a fellow apprentice under Gardiner; Peter Oliver, Jr., who apprenticed under Dr. Stockbridge in Scituate; and Elihu Ashley, who apprenticed under Dr. Thomas Williams in Deerfield. An analysis of Hartshorn's journal reveals many important features of colonial apprenticeship, the variety of non-medical duties performed: the medical training that unfolded in phases; the types of patients on whom that training was implemented; the exposure to dissections and surgical cases; and the impact of war. THE APPRENTICE: JOHN DENISON HARTSHORN Hartshorn never disclosed how he became an apprentice to Dr. Gardiner, a prominent Bostonian surgeon. Born in Rhode Island, Gardiner's uncle financed an eight-year study overseas in France and England. There Gardiner studied under some of the best-known surgeons in Paris and London, including William Cheselden - who taught him to perform a lithotomy (removal of stones from organs, especially the kidneys) with the most "humane and successful" procedure, the lateral technique.3 In 1734, Gardiner became a practicing physician in Boston and in 1736, along with William Douglass, founded the Medical Society of Boston. Gardiner earned a reputation as one of the best-trained and competent surgeons in the colonies. Until his 1776 exile for his Tory sympathies, "he was among one of the two or three most important physicians in Massachusetts."4 Gardiner's prominence cannot be doubted: he served as attending physician to the governor of Massachusetts and received personal visits from him.5 Hartshorn's father, Ebenezer, practiced medicine in Concord.6 Since it was not unusual for physicians to train their sons in medicine, why did Hartshorn not study under his father? Perhaps he did receive some training from his father, but Gardiner's reputation increased the chance of establishing a successful practice. Gardiner knew Hartshorns's father and grandfather; "He [Gardiner] told me ... that my grandf [ather] and father were good men & heard my mother was a good character," Hartshorn wrote. Perhaps Hartshorn was able to obtain such a prestigious apprenticeship through this acquaintance. …


This paper describes an improved 3-D facial representation method capable of modeling different types of faces without any constraint from expression, age, gender, or ethnic origin. Using the proposed technique, a 3-D face can be represented by a low dimensional shape space vector (SSV) of the statistical shape model (SSM), which is calculated through a model-based surface registration process. This model-based surface registration method consists of two major processing stages, model building and hierarchical model fitting. A statistical shape model is first built using a set of training faces. Then the model is deformed to match the new face by a modified iterative closest point (ICP) scheme. The experimental results on real 3-D facial data show that the proposed method can reasonably interpret the articulation of 3-D faces.


While data on postures exhibited by users on office tasks chairs are available; similar information for office side chairs are lacking. The purpose of this study was to collect posture data exhibited by individuals sitting in an office side chair for a period of two hours. Five side chairs differing in seat pan, backrest and armrest designs were utilized in the study. Ten participants were required to watch a two hour video while seated in a randomly assigned side chair over a period of 5 days. During a testing session, user postures were recorded at 15-minute intervals. Pressure map of seat pan and subjective responses using Shackel scale were also collected at pre-determined time periods. Pressure map data for 7 postures (reclined, upright, forward bending, pronounced lean (left/right), and crossed legs (left/right)) were also collected at the start and end of a session. Results from this study will provide information on sitter self-selected postures, and potential influence of side chair features.


Science and education for sustainability have recently become estranged. Both of these learning areas are also experiencing issues that are affecting students' understandings in these areas. This paper presents a framework of learning containing 12 components that reconstructs the relationship between these two areas and could have the potential to overcome their current issues. A 15 week science/education for sustainability programme that was undertaken by 22 New Zealand students aged 11-12 years was analysed in terms of the components of the proposed framework. An interpretive analysis of the learning that took place showed beneficial effects on students' understandings. Not only did these students demonstrate understandings of sustainability and development of their scientific literacy, they also showed an emerging politicisation in that they were able to take action on an issue in a number of ways. It was also suggested that further components could be added to the proposed framework in order to develop additional knowledge and skills that could enable students to gain a deeper understanding of and ability to make decisions about the multifaceted environmental issues found in today's world.


A one-dimensional (1D) piezoelectric BaTiO3(BT) polycrystal with a tetragonal system was controllably prepared using a one-step hydrothermal soft chemical process. A layered H2Ti4O9·H2O (HTO) single crystal was used as the precursor. Interestingly, the obtained polycrystalline BT constructed from oriented BT nanoparticles shows a set of single-crystalline diffraction points, implying that the BT polycrystal is a mesocrystal. The [010] and [001] directions of the obtained mesocrystalline BT correspond to the [001] and [010] directions of the original HTO crystal, respectively, and the [010] direction of the mesocrystalline BT corresponds to the direction along the length of a 1D rod matrix. An in situ topochemical mesocrystal conversion of mesocrystalline BT grown on the HTO substrate occurred not only on the substrate surface but also in the interlayers owing to the unique TiO6 octahedral layers of HTO. In addition, the piezoelectric response of the 1D mesocrystal was captured for the first time. The piez...


A 0.10 /spl mu/m CMOS device for system LSI was successfully integrated with a 40 nm gate sidewall (SW) using a local-channel structure, an offset spacer, highly-doped source/drain extensions (SDE), deep pocket implants, a shallow source/drain (S/D) with 7 /spl Omega///spl square/ CoSi/sub 2/ and four-level interconnects. Good drive current characteristics were observed as 618 and 295 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m at 1.5 V with lower off-currents of 0.75 and 0.22 nA//spl mu/m for n/pMOSFETs, respectively.


Let B,H be weak Hopf algebras.We consider two linear mapsω:B H→H B and v:H B→BH and introduce anω-smash product B#_ωH,an v-smash coproduct B_v■ H and an(ω,v)-smash biproduct B_vωH.Sufficient conditions for B#_ωH,B_v■ H,B_v■ωH to be weak Hopf algebras are also given.Our construction generalizes smash biproduct introduced by Caenepeel,Ion,Militaru and Zhu.


YU Guang-zhong is a powerful writer of Taiwan. He has constructed the developing ideas of his cultural ecology in literature and by using his literaturary remarks and words, he has always put his cultural ecological ideas into practice .This paper mainly analyzes his awareness of modern culture, including his awareness of globalization, open sense of modern characteristics and remarkable awareness of environmental protection which features modern citizens' point of view. Above all, such awareness is based on his national feelings for culture.


CAUTION: Permission to perform this play must be obtained in writing from the author and royalties must be paid on every performance. Unauthorized reproduction of this script for any reason whatsoever is forbidden by copyright. The author may be contacted through his agent, Great North Agency, 345 Adelaide St. West, Toronto, Ontario. All photos are from the Factory Theatre Lab production.


In a small but significant number of accidents there is loss of air in 1 or more tires, an event which could adversely affect handling and rollover characteristics of the vehicle. In instances such as this, questions may arise as to how long it took the air to escape from the tire, and when this loss of air occurred in relation to the remainder of the accident. This paper aims to answer the question of how long it takes for tire air to escape, given a certain size puncture hole and certain initial conditions. Results presented in this study are applicable for tires at any temperature and volume, any initial inflation pressure, and any atmospheric pressure. The analysis presented herein is intended to be used for relatively large holes; that is, holes that could be described as blowouts rather than leaks.


This paper present a design of RSA-Encryption using Pipelined radix-2 Montgomery's architecture. The architecture design exploits the algorithm to achieve high speed and efficient computation. The design separates the computation of Montgomery modular multiplication into different clock cycles to achieve high frequency clock. This design supports input from 1 to 14 block data and efficient in the number of total logic element and register. The design has been successfully verified whether functional Verilog RTL simulation, FPGA timing simulation and run in Signal Tap FPGA simulation. The design occupies logic elements 1157, 1030 registers, and able to run up to 261.85 MHz on Altera Cyclone II EP2C35 F672C6. The proposed design has been successfully synthesized using Synopsys with CMOS 0.18µ technology. The area is 63567.5 µm2 and the delay is 3.35 ns.


The taxicab plane is a modification of the Euclidean plane that uses an alternative notion of distance. Similarly, the Poincar\'{e} disk is a model of hyperbolic geometry that consists of a subset of the Euclidean plane with an alternative notion of distance. In this paper, we merge these two variations to create a taxicab version of the Poincar\'{e} disk in an attempt to create a type of taxicab hyperbolic space.


The work investigates the preparation of ~-TCP composite reinforced with alumina (AhO)). The ~-TCP powder was first prepared via mixing calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid. According to XRD spectrum, the ~-TCP phases
was obtained after the precursor had been calcined at 850°C for 2 hours. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of calcined powder were carried out to observe phases changes in producing the ~-TCP powder. The obtained powder was mixed with alumina at 4 different portions (l, 3, 5, 10 wt %) for 2 hours. The powder was uniaxially pressed and sintered at 3 different temperatures (950°C, 1050°C, and 1100°C). The presence of phases in the composite was determined by quantitative phase analysis (XRD).


With the announcements of new developments, partners, products and services over the last year United Launch Alliance is transforming the path to space. We will discuss many of the steps along the revolutionary path bringing the Vulcan, Advanced Common Evolved Stage (ACES) and SMART Reuse. We then delve into the enabling technologies that are being investigated. We cover the capabilities each system will bring to the market and touch on the scalability they provide. Finally we touch on the redefinition of launch service that these systems accompany and the benefits to the spacecraft GN&C community.


The unique importance of each mode of representation (enactive, image, and lexical) in enabling clients to derive personal meaning from their experience is underscored. The author offers a rationale for accessing and processing unconscious content receptively through enactive and image systems; she illustrates how client generated kinesthetic and kinetic images may be used experientially to retrieve, re-enact and work through less conscious affective and ideational aspects of internalized relationships.


The invention relates to a method for controlling an electric power steering system (1) for a vehicle, with an electric servo motor (2), with a steering handle (3) for inputting a steering angle command value (δ To a method for controlling the electric power steering (1) to provide that permits in case of failure or malfunction of the torque sensor (5) at the steering handle (3) of the electric power steering system (1) an uncritical behavior of the power steering (1) is provided, that constantly an offset value (δ


SUMMARY: The aim of the study was to study the relationship between nutrition and endemic osteomalacia, resulting in bone deformation with hump back, spinal curvature and "0" legs, in persons living in high drinking water fluoride areas with skeletal fluorosis. A dietary survey was made of 30-50 families from each of three villages in high fluoride areas of China, and in 273 persons in whom skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed clinically, clinical and radiological assessments were made for the presence of endemic osteomalacia with bone deformation together with measurement of the serum calcium and total protein. A higher incidence of osteomalacia was found in persons with a lower intake of energy, protein, calcium and Vitamin C, particularly multiparous women. Poor nutrition was seen to be an important cause of endemic osteomalacia in high fluoride areas and that prevention would be aided by a better diet.


The following lecture was presented at the Leo Baeck Lodge of the B'nai Brith at the B'nai Brith Hillel House, London, on February 21, 1973, to mark the 175th anniversary of the birth of Heinrich Heine.


improved lubrication system for hermetic compressor allowing better circulation of oil. It comprises a duct 4 for internal lubrication whose upper end is terminated by a first conical section 11 and a second cylindrical section 12 of variable contour depending on the profile 13 of the upper end of the crankshaft and a tubular device 8 provided with a spring 14. (CF DRAWING iN BOPI)


Abstract : The purpose of this report is to develop a recursive algorithm for state estimation for systems with uncertain models. The algorithm uses a combined detection-estimation scheme whereby the set in which the uncertainties are contained is detected, and appropriate estimator is then used. The approach used is an extension of a weighted minimax performance criteria to the dynamic case. Since global optimal solution is not possible, an approximate algorithm is derived which only optimizes the stage-by-stage performance without changing any past decisions. The expressions for the algorithm and an approximation of its performance are derived. (Author)


We study the general inhomogeneous two-dimensional jellium where the background density varies in one space direction only. At Γ=2, explicit functional representations of the one- and two-body densities of the particles are derived in terms of the electrostatic potential created by the blackground. The present model can be used for describing a large variety of charged interfaces Nous etudions le jellium inhomogene en deux dimensions ou la densite du fond varie arbitrairement dans une seule direction. A Γ=2, les densites a un et deux corps des particules sont representees par des fonctionnelles explicites du potentiel electrostatique cree par le fond. Le present modele peut etre utilise pour decrire une large variete de surfaces chargees


This paper explores how to identify creativity factors in the early stages of engineering concept design and how to apply metrics to quantify that creativity. Prototype designs from a junior-level design course over two years are evaluated using design metrics that analyze a set of ideas based on novelty and quality. Further creativity analyses are included to statistically verify that the developed metrics are valid. Innovative products provide companies with a competitive advantage in the market to stimulate the economy. Creativity metrics will enable them to choose innovative designs in the early stages of concept design, reducing time and cost associated with uncreative design implementation. This paper will go into detail about the implementation of an "Innovation Equation" on a real-world set of designs generated by a junior-level mechanical engineering design class and statistical verification of the validity of the analysis results. Conclusions are drawn that detail the ideal procedures needed to create a successful creativity analysis using these methods.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


This present paper studied about the challenge in separating of free electrons and history of experiment in Persian language, This present paper is only for Persian readers that want to know more information about the history of experiment and challenges in the theory and experiment by free electrons.


This paper presents a model for the neuromuscular system of the pilot's arm. The model was developed in order to gain a better understanding of the interaction between a side stick and the human arm. In the model, the dynamics of the neuromuscular system and of the stick are considered separately, and so control situations where the stick and arm are subjected to accelerations (in a moving vehicle) or where haptic feedback is applied through the stick can be studied. Two of the experiments to provide parameter values for the model are described. One experiment is intended for determination of the parameters of the neuromuscular systems hardware, and the other for determining the control of this hardware.


We report the generation of dense calcium and titanium plasma channels with an abundance of neon-like ions by very fast capillary discharges. Only modest currents (40-70kA) are required to ionize these plasma columns to the neon-like state. The first observation of line emission at wavelengths corresponding to the 3p-3s and 3d-3p transitions of neon-like ions in a capillary discharge is reported.<<ETX>>


A plant homolog of a bacterial ribosome biogenesis factor functions in chloroplasts, associates with thylakoid membranes, and is involved in maturation of ribosomal RNA. Plastids (chloroplasts) possess 70S ribosomes that are very similar in structure and function to the ribosomes of their bacterial ancestors. While most components of the bacterial ribosome (ribosomal RNAs [rRNAs] and ribosomal proteins) are well conserved in the plastid ribosome, little is known about the factors mediating the biogenesis of plastid ribosomes. Here, we have investigated a putative homolog of the bacterial RbfA (for ribosome-binding factor A) protein that was identified as a cold-shock protein and an auxiliary factor acting in the 5′ maturation of the 16S rRNA. The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the vascular plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) both encode a single RbfA-like protein in their nuclear genomes. By generating specific antibodies against this protein, we show that the plant RbfA-like protein functions exclusively in the plastid, where it is associated with thylakoid membranes. Analysis of mutants for the corresponding gene (termed RBF1) reveals that the gene function is essential for photoautotrophic growth. Weak mutant alleles display reduced levels of plastid ribosomes, a specific depletion in 30S ribosomal subunits, and reduced activity of plastid protein biosynthesis. Our data suggest that, while the function in ribosome maturation and 16S rRNA 5′ end processing is conserved, the RBF1 protein has assumed an additional role in 3′ end processing. Together with the apparent absence of a homologous protein from plant mitochondria, our findings illustrate that the assembly process of the 70S ribosome is not strictly conserved and has undergone some modifications during organelle evolution.


In order to realize higher positioning, we previously proposed motional mode decoupling control for a fine-motion stage. In this control scheme, both the motional mode selector and distributor are prepared. The former is the matrix to calculate the motional-mode signals from the sensor's outputs, and the later is the matrix to calculate the driving signals. However, the operation error of the motional mode selector introduces the positioning error. Then, in this paper, a modified motional mode decoupling control scheme is proposed to reject the above error. Firstly, this control scheme in which the motional mode selector is assigned on the forward-path in the feedback system is clarified. Next, the positioning performance of this scheme is illustrated by experimental results. Finally, the robust performance aganist the operation error is shown. Its feature is useful to reconstruct the motional mode decoupling control system instead of the conventional control system with individual feedback loop.


This paper attempts to explore corporate governance from the Sharia'h Islamic perspective. It's also compares between western and Islamic corporate governance models, as well as takaful corporate governance. It is also important to highlight the challenges that faces the right implementations of corporate governance such as asymmetry of Information which been covered on this paper. IFSB (Islamic Financial Services Board) and IAIS (International Association of Insurance Supervisors) have also spent a quite good efforts to standardize the takaful industry, of which been covered here. Importantly, no studies have been conducted to systematically document the framework efficiency of the takaful corporate governance system. This paper attempts to fill the gap. The paper reports results on the perceptions of 420 participants of takaful Operators "TOs" in Saudi Arabia. Participants were questioned to confirm the healthy conditions of the corporate governance system of nine major TOs in Saudi Arabia. Conditions such as proper relationships between company's management, its board, its shareholders, and other stakeholders. Satisfying participants return on investments considered another important factor for healthy corporate governance system. Another corporate governance benchmark includes corporate discipline, transparency, independence, accountability, responsibility, fairness and social responsibility to participants. Accuracy of disclosure on all material matters regarding the insurer, including the financial situation, performance, ownership and governance arrangements are also included in this paper as a benchmark to assure the accuracy of corporate governance system. The research findings indicate that participants have overall weak satisfaction indications about the quality of corporate governance system on these selected nine TOs. Accordingly, it's highly recommended for the TOs to spend more efforts to launch a framework that could enhance their corporate governance system.


Objective To evaluate short-term results in balloon percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) treatment of infrapopliteal artery occlusive disease, to summarize the technique and experiences. Methods From August 2005 to April 2006, 51 patients with infrapopliteal artery occlusive disease, all patients' arteries below the knee were treated by balloon PTA. Results The technical success was of 44 cases, the technical success rate was 86.3%; the clinical success was of 47 cases, the clinical success rate was 92.2%. Mean follow-up after procedure was 4 months (from 2 to 8 months). During the follow-up, one case appeared recurrence after 2 months of procedure and underwent a further balloon PTA, with immediate remission of symptoms; other cases had no recurrence. Conclusion Balloon PTA is a feasible technique for infrapopliteal artery occlusive disease. Short-term effect is exact, but long-term follow-up is necessary.


3 Assistant Professor, Dept of Electronics, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli,Navi Mumbai, (India) ABSTRACT In this paper, we proposes an optimal path planning method for the mobile anchors used in the localization scheme presented by Ssu et al. Here a single mobile anchor is used to enable the sensor nodes to construct two chords of a communication circle of which they form the centre point, and the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of these two chords is then calculated in order to pinpoint the sensor position. However, the mobile anchor moves randomly through the sensing field (i.e., in accordance with the Random Waypoint model), and thus it is possible that some of the sensor nodes cannot be localized. Therefore, the path planning scheme proposed in this study is specifically designed to both minimize the localization error of the individual sensor nodes and to maximize the number of sensor nodes which can determine their locations Later this path planning algorithm is adjusted so that it suits most of the effective localization algorithms. The performance of the proposed scheme is to be evaluated through a series of simulations with the ns-2 network simulator


Common mental disorders are highly prevalent globally, affecting people across all regions of the world. Mental disorders are not only highly prevalent medical conditions but they are also highly disabling. Conversion disorders tend to be poorly understood and can be difficult to diagnose and distinguish from other psychiatric disorders that involve physical symptoms.

 This study was carried out to study the prevalence and frequency of different psychiatric disorders in a sample of Egyptian patients attending the outpatient clinic of the institute of psychiatry – Ain-Shams university hospital with a focus on hysteria, both conversion and dissociative type.

 This case control observational study was started from December 2016 till December 2017. The subjects were selected from outpatient clinics of Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University. The first 1000 random patients who present to the above mentioned clinics were recruited. Patients were subjected to Arabic version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders.

 Our study reveals that the most common diagnosis was that of mood disorders (24.6%), followed by schizophrenia (23.4%). Somatoform disorders, of which conversion is a subcategory, came as the 5th most common diagnosis with (5.2%).

 our study reveals that hysteria, in both conversion and dissociative disorders, is a surviving diagnosis, despite of the separation of both diagnoses into different diagnostic categories


The flowshop scheduling problem has been one of the most attractive research issues. Deterministic flowshop problem is widely studied; whereas it is uncertain processing times has remained a challenge. In this paper, a robust heuristic method for this problem is presented, which is applicable whenever the lower and upper bounds of each job are available. The proposed method is capable of handling the perturbation which exists amongst the processing times. Therefore, the proposed robust method could guarantee that a small deviation of the processing times does not affect the feasibility. The performance of the proposed method is explored using some numerical examples.


The invention discloses a metro train-mounted electric power monitoring device. The metro train-mounted electric power monitoring device includes a voltage detection module for detecting voltage, a current detection module for detecting current, an electric energy detection module for detecting electric energy, a storage module for storing data, a crystal oscillator circuit for recording time, an RS485 communication module used for connecting a train console, a display module which is nested in the train console and is used for displaying data and a processing module used for processing the data, wherein the voltage detecting module, the current detection module, the electric energy detection module, the storage module, the display module, the RS485 communication module and the crystal oscillator circuit are correspondingly connected with the processing module.


The upper bound of the speed of sound in dense nuclear matter is one of the most interesting but still unsolved problems in Nuclear Physics. Theoretical studies in connection with recent observational data of isolated neutron stars as well as binary neutron stars systems offer an excellent opportunity to shed light on this problem. In the present work, we suggest a method to directly relate the measured tidal deformability (polarizability) of binary neutron stars system (before merger) to the maximum neutron star mass scenario and possible upper bound on the speed of sound. This method is based on the simple but efficient idea that while the upper limit of the effective tidal deformability favors soft equations of state, the recent high measured values of neutron star mass favor stiff ones. In the present work, firstly, using a simple well established model we parametrize the stiffness of the equation of state with the help of the speed of sound. Secondly, in comparison with the recent observations by LIGO/VIRGO collaboration of two events, GW170817 and GW190425, we suggest possible robust constraints. Moreover, we evaluate and postulate, in the framework of the present method, what kind of future measurements could help us to improve the stringent of the constraints on the neutron star equation of state.


This work presents an analysis of the enunciative strategies articulated by a teacher in an 11th grade Chemistry classroom, where the concepts of exo and endothermic processes and enthalpy were discussed. The characterization of these strategies is oriented to the configuration of speech genre of Science classrooms, according to a Bakhtinian view. The used methodology employed the categorization system proposed by Mortimer, Massicame, Buty e Tiberghien (2005 a e b), which was applied to video recorded classroom data, in real time, using a software developed by IPN-Kiel, the Videograph®. The results presented in this paper comprises the time percentages and frequencies of each category of the system, that resulted from this work with the software, and also a microanalysis that, ratified by the percentages, allows to understand how the utterances raises from the enunciative strategies employed by the teacher.


The invention relates to a preparation method of a tablet for women's health and tranquilness, which comprises the following steps that: root of herbaceous peony is taken and extracted through microwave and is purified by D101 macroporous adsorption resin to obtain the herbaceous peony extract; charred foliumartemisiae argyi with vinegar is taken and ground into fine powder; motherwort is taken and extracted through the microwave and is purified by the D101 macroporous adsorption resin to obtain motherwort extract; rhizoma cyperi, angelica, Panax pseudo-ginseng, ophiopogon root and radix codonopsitis are taken, pulverized and extracted under the carbon dioxide (CO2) supercritical condition to obtain supercritical extract; and the herbaceous peony extract, the charred foliumartemisiae argyi with vinegar fine powder, the motherwort extract and the supercritical extract are mixed with dextrin and 70% ethanol to be made into granules, the granules are dried and are uniformly mixed with stearic acid magnesium to be carried out tabletting and coated with a membrane. The tablet prepared with the above method is easy to orally take.


The null phenotype in P1PK blood group, known as "p," is extremely rare in the whole world. Individuals of p phenotype spontaneously form anti‐PP1PK isoantibody. Here, we report a case of p phenotype with naturally occurring anti‐PP1PK isoantibodies in a Chinese individual.