SummaryEnterprise OSGI in Action is a hands-on guide for developers using OSGi to build the next generation of enterprise Java applications. By presenting relevant examples and case studies, this book guides the reader through the maze of new standards and projects.About This BookEnterprise OSGi is a set of standards for building modular Java applications which integrate seamlessly with existing Java EE technologies. It extends the OSGi component framework to distributed systems.Enterprise OSGi in Action is a hands-on guide for developers using OSGi to build enterprise Java applications. Many examples and case studies show you how to build, test, and deploy modular web applications. The book explains how to take advantage of dynamism, distribution, and automatic dependency provisioning, while still integrating with existing Java EE applications.The book is written for Java EE developers. No prior experience with OSGi is required.What's InsideBuild modular applications using servlets, JSPs, WARs, and JPA Better component reuse and robustness Expert tips for Apache AriesPurchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications.About the AuthorsHolly Cummins and Tim Ward are lead engineers who regularly speak at developerWorks, Devoxx, JavaZone, and EclipseCon. Tim has written standards in both the OSGi Core and Enterprise Specifications and both authors are active Apache Aries committers.Table of ContentsPART 1 PROGRAMMING BEYOND HELLO WORLD OSGi and the enterprisewhy now? Developing a simple OSGi-based web application Persistence pays off Packaging your enterprise OSGi applications PART 2 BUILDING BETTER ENTERPRISE OSGI APPLICATIONS Best practices for enterprise applications Building dynamic applications with OSGi services Provisioning and resolution Tools for building and testing IDE development tools PART 3 INTEGRATING ENTERPRISE OSGI WITH EVERYTHING ELSE Hooking up remote systems with distributed OSGi Migration and integration Coping with the non-OSGi world Choosing a stack


The main routine, admetan, is intended as an update of the popular Stata meta-analysis command 'metan', with greatly extended functionality including a wide range of random-effects models. The routine 'forestplot' is a stand-alone, re-written and extended version of the graphics routine within 'metan'. 'admetan' can save data in a format which 'forestplot' understands; together they allow extremely flexible and generalised forest plots to be produced. Also included is an "immediate" command 'admetani', which accepts numlists or matrices as input rather than variables in memory. Finally, there is 'ipdmetan', for two-stage individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis; and an associated command 'ipdover' for creating forest plots of trial subgroups. For more information on these commands, type ssc describe ipdmetan.


The abalone Haliotis discus discus is distributed along the coast of the warm-water areas in Japan, and is an important species for the coastal fishery. Numerous hatchery-reared juveniles are released in many places for resource enhancement, but high mortalities due to predation just after release have been reported. One of the causes of high mortality of abalone just after release is the unusual behavior caused by the effect of handling with release. Abalone are nocturnal, but some hatchery-reared abalone move out from the artificial reefs in the daytime just after release, and moving abalone have been shown to be easily captured by crabs and fishes. Similar unusual behaviors have been shown to be induced by scavengers which induce escape response behavior (moving and twisting) in juvenile abalone. Moreover, scavengers have been found to gather at the place abalone have been released. In the case of aquatic insects, the mortality of mayfly (Ephemeroptera) larvae in the presence of both fish and stonefly (Plecoptera) larvae was greater than expected from the results of single predators. Stonefly larvae, crawling under rocks, were found to force themayfly larvae out of hiding, therefore resulting in greater exposure to fish. In the relationship between abalone and scavengers, if scavengers have similar effect on juvenile abalone behavior, they may increase predation by other predators such as fishes and crabs.Therefore, to determine the effect of scavengers on abalone, especially in the situation where predators exist, tank experiments were carried out using wrasse, one of the major predatory fish for abalone juvenile just after release, and a saprophagous gastropod Ergalatax contractus, which is a common scavenger in abalone releasing grounds. Tank experiments were conducted using two circular tanks (3 m diameter, 1 m depth). Three species of wrasse (Pteragogus flagellifer, n = 4; Halichoeres poecilopterus, n = 5; Pseudolabrus japonicus, n = 6; 115–148 mm body length) were reared in one of these tanks (wrasse tank) for 2–3 weeks before the experiments. Four plastic trays (length 40 cm, width 20 cm, depth 5 cm) filledwith sandwere placed in thewrasse tank, and another four were placed in a control tank without wrasse. Black fiber-reinforced plastic sheets, bent twice at approximately 30 degrees, were used to produce shelters of 21 cm length, 15 cm wide, 3.5 cm height, with a flat top formed of 21 cm length and 4.2 cm wide. Abalone used in this experiment were hatcheryreared at Nagasaki City Fisheries Center, and their mean shell length was 19.2 3.9 mm (mean SD). For examining the effect of scavengers, in two of the four trays in each tank, 10 gastropods E. contractuswere added on the sand under the shelter in the tray when the shelters were set (E+). As the control of E+, no E. contractus were added (E–) to the remaining two trays in each tank. For examining the effects of handling, abalone were acclimated in the shelters overnight aftermeasuring the shell length (A+). As the control of A+, others were removed from the shelter, shell length measured and placed in the shelter just before being set in *Corresponding author: Tel: 81-95-860-1600. Fax: 81-95-850-7767. Email: email@example.com Received 30 May 2005. Accepted 12 December 2005. FISHERIES SCIENCE 2007; 73: 732–734


We study the influence of Aspect Ratio ( AR) on three-dimensional wake transition past a thin pitching plate at Reynolds number of 1000 by performing computations for the range [Formula: see text] at pitching frequencies [Formula: see text] and maximum pitching angles [Formula: see text]. For all AR, larger θmax and St promote thrust generation. However, higher AR imparts a stabilizing influence in the wake of the drag regime. For the ranges of AR, the drag-producing wake consisting of horseshoe vortices and bridgelets-type vortex structures, whereas twin-jet type bifurcated wakes with entangled vortices are observed for thrust-generating wakes. At higher AR, the wakes show a two-dimensional signature in the drag regime, whereas a spatial wake transition is observed in the thurst regime. The spanwise wake width shows the effect of wake compression for larger St even at [Formula: see text], which is also substantiated by particle tracking showing wake compression for the thrust cases up to [Formula: see text]. The near wake oscillations are prevalent for higher AR, although the core region remains unaffected by the aiding influence of spanwise instability for larger AR. The time average streamwise velocity for both drag and thrust regimes resembles an apparent feature of the reverse von Kármán vortex street.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to medicine. What is described is a composite material implantable into a human body, containing polymeric gel and a number of surface-treated additives; the above additives are subjected to surface treatment by a molecule specified in a group consisting of long-chain fatty acid, polystyrenes, organofunctional silanes, zirconates and titanates, wherein the above surface-treated additives contain a surface characterised by a cross-linking reaction group for cross-linking with the above gel, so that the surface-treated additives are cross-linked with the above gel; the above polymeric gel contains at least two cross-linking reaction groups per a polymeric molecule for cross-linking with the above additives and above gel. EFFECT: material used for manufacturing a prosthetic implant has a reduced weight and gives a realistic post-implantation appearance. 21 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl, 3 ex


Structural and electronic investigations were conducted on lithium nickel oxide-based particles used in positive electrodes of 18650-type high-power Li-ion cells. K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) revealed trivalent Ni and Co ions in the bulk LiNi{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.2}O{sub 2} powder used to prepare the high power electrode laminates. Using oxygen K-edge XAS, high resolution electron microscopy, nanoprobe diffraction, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy, we identified a <5 nm thick modified layer on the surface of the oxide particles, which results from the loss of Ni and Li ordering in the layered R{bar 3}m structure. This structural change was accompanied by oxygen loss and a lowering of the Ni- and Co-oxidation states in the surface layer. Growth of this surface layer may contribute to the impedance rise observed during accelerated aging of these Li-ion cells.


By successfully reaching historically underserved and vulnerable populations such as women, the poor, and people living in rural communities, Digital Financial Services have contributed to unprecedented growth in financial inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa during the past decade. The adoption and usage of DFS -- and the subsequent financial inclusion that has resulted -- has helped reduce poverty and increase prosperity throughout the region. Still, service providers and development practitioners often lack reliable, detailed, and low-cost poverty data that could help them accurately identify additional communities and individuals who would benefit the most from access to financial services. The lack of data hinders the deployment of services throughout the region and complicates efforts to monitor and evaluate the impact that interventions have on poverty. Relying on traditional household surveys for poverty data is time consuming and expensive. What's more, by the time the data are collected and analyzed, it is often out of date. But there are alternatives for estimating and mapping poverty with the goal of accelerating and expanding financial inclusion and helping DFS providers target the poorest. Machine learning algorithms can, for example, be trained to predict poverty based on imagery captured by satellites and from call detail records, which document mobile phone usage. For this research study, the IFC Mastercard Foundation Partnership for Financial Inclusion collaborated with the Stanford University Sustainability and Artificial Intelligence Lab to advance existing poverty prediction models to generate poverty estimates at neighborhood-level resolution, which is much more refined than macro-level estimates produced by research to date. Satellite Imagery and call detail records (CDR), validated by ground-truth surveys, were used to develop models that can predict poverty in Ghana and Uganda.


Seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters such as rainfall, temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrients like nitrate, nitrite, inorganic phosphate and reactive silicate were studied from two different stations in Uppanar estuary, Cuddalore, southeast coast of India from April 2000 to March 2002. Atmospheric and surface water temperatures (°C) varied from 28 to 40.5 and 26 to 38 respectively. The salinity (‰), pH and dissolved oxygen (ml l) ranges were: 6.038.0; 7.1-8.2 and 2.4 to 4.5 respectively. Nutrient concentrations also varied considerably; nitrates: 8.15-25.66 μM, nitrites: 1.05-4.15 μM, phosphates: 0.17-2.96μM and reactive silicates: 27-168 μM. Nutrient concentrations were higher during monsoon season and low during summer.


This thesis deploys world-systems theory to analyze two series of mid-twentieth century wildcat strikes in the Appalachian coalfields: the Eastern Kentucky-based Roving Picket Movement of 1962-1963 and a separate set of unauthorized strikes throughout the region that lasted from 1974-1978, with a particular focus on the Gas Strike of 1974, the strikes surrounding the 1974 Kanawha Country book boycott, and the 1977-1978 contract strike. More specifically, I will examine the New Communist Movement's (NCM) role in these strikes, with special emphasis on the Maoist-inspired Progressive Labor (PL)'s participation in the 1962-1963 strikes and the role of the Miner's Right to Strike Committee (MRSC), a project of the Revolutionary Union/Revolutionary Communist Party in the 1970s wildcats. I argue that PL and the MRSC's divergent experiences demonstrate the shift from the first to the second anti-systemic movement. PL's experience working with the strikers was more typical of the first anti-systemic movement; the MRSC's experience was more typical of the second anti-systemic movement. The two sets of NCM organizers' varying levels of success, different approaches to the New Social Movements, and different interactions with structural forces at play in the world-system all point to the shift in anti-systemic movements.


This paper presents an in-depth assessment of precision coaxial air lines for use as impedance standards at RF and microwave frequencies. The assessment is based primarily on using several different types of time-domain reflection measurement options that are available on commercial Vector Network Analyzers (VNAs). The paper includes a comparison of these time-domain measurement options, made independently at the national measurement institutes of Japan and the United Kingdom. Mechanical measurements and frequency-domain measurements are also included to complete the assessment of the lines.


– This paper seeks to critique the notion of diffusionism., – The notion of diffusionism provides a general way of understanding innovation and human progress. It is pervasive within IS research and practice. Generically, diffusionism denotes an asymmetrical view of innovation as originating exclusively in "progressive" centres, from which it spreads through an essentially passive recipient community. This model is pernicious, as it privileges an elite few over the majority, with the innovator/imitator dichotomy presented as natural, moral and inevitable. This paper analyses the notion of diffusionism in information systems (IS)., – The failure to find any empirical support for diffusionism reveals both its mythical character and its ideological rationale in lending moral legitimacy to colonialistic projects. Empirical examples demonstrate both the ubiquity of the diffusionist mindset in IS research and practice, and its linkage to pseudo‐colonial activities in the home domain., – The paper concludes by arguing for a more critical approach within IS research on innovation, the use of richer, process‐based theories, and greater partnership with practitioners in order to close the research/practice gap.


Background The mortality of COVID-19 disease is very high among males or elderly or individuals having comorbidities with obesity, cardiovascular diseases, lung infections, hypertension, and/or diabetes. Our study characterizes SARS-CoV-2 infected patients' metagenomic features with or without type 2 diabetes to identify the microbial interactions associated with its fatal consequences. Method This study compared the baseline nasopharyngeal microbiome of SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic and non-diabetic patients with controls adjusted with age and gender. The mNGS were performed using Ion GeneStudio S5 Series and the data were analyzed by the Vegan-package in R. Results All three groups possessed significant bacterial diversity and dissimilarity indexes (p<0.05). Spearman's correlation coefficient network analysis illustrated 183 significant positive correlations and 13 negative correlations of pathogenic bacteria (r=0.6-1.0, p<0.05), and 109 positive correlations among normal-flora and probiotic bacteria (r>0.6, p<0.05). The SARS-CoV-2 diabetic group exhibited a significant increase of pathogens (p<0.05) and opportunistic pathogens (p<0.05) with a simultaneous decrease of normal-flora (p<0.05). The molecular docking analysis of Salivaricin, KLD4 (alpha), and enterocin produced by several enriched probiotic strains presented strong binding affinity with Shiga toxin, outer membrane proteins (ompA, omp33) or hemolysin. Conclusion The dysbiosis of the bacterial community might be linked with severe consequences of COVID-19 infected diabetic patients, although few probiotic strains inhibited numerous pathogens in the same pathological niches. This study suggested that the promotion of normal-flora and probiotics through dietary changes and reduction of excessive pro-inflammatory states by preventing pathogenic environment might lead to a better outcome for those co-morbid patients.


The Survey of English Dialects provides the database for CLAE which is the first linguistic atlas of England developed by a computer. It consists of two volumes. CLAE 1, published in 1991, contains 169 item-centered symbol maps, CLAE 2 has 152 such maps plus chapters on dialectological as well as on computational aspects, a bibliography and several indices, such as a comprehensive subject index. Of special importance in CLAE 2 are the seven dialectometric contributions. Their authors use various quantitative methods in interpreting CLAE 1 and CLAE 2 data.


Nine E,E 1 (3 indolyl) 5 (substituted phenyl) 1,4 pentadien 3 one derivatives were synthesized and characterized by MS, 1H NMR and UV. Five of these compounds(1,3,4,6,7) showed a certain anti inflammatory activity on mouse ear edema induced by croton oil with the inhibitions being 21 1%, 25 3%, 18 4%, 22 3% and 28 9% respectively ( P 0 05 or P 0 01 vs control), at the hypodermic injection dose of 50 mg/kg.


Abstract : The assessment of Blue Head Dam is based upon visual observations made at the time of inspection, review of available records and data, hydraulic and hydrologic computations and past operational performance. Blue Head Dam appears to be in fair condition. The erosion on the crest and upper portions of the slopes should be repaired. In addition, the wet areas and seepage areas should be monitored on a regular basis. Maintenance of the dam and operating facilities is considered poor. Blue Head Dam is a high hazard-small size dam. The recommended Spillway Design Flood (SDF) for this dam is the 1/2 PMF to PMF. Based on the potential for downstream loss of life, the SDF has been selected as the PMF. The spillway and reservoir are capable of controlling approximately 25% of the PMF without overtopping the embankment. Based on criteria established by the Corps of Engineers, the spillway is termed seriously inadequate. If Blue Head Dam should fail due to overtopping, the hazard to loss of life and property immediately downstream of the dam would be significantly increased from that which would exist prior to the overtopping. Blue Head Dam is classified as unsafe non-emergency.


9th NTRCA Teachers Registration Admit Card Download has been started, if you have already paid BDT. 350/- via teletalk and got a User ID and Password now download it.


Objective The experience in facial rejuvenation based on multiple techniques is summarized to achieve satisfactory esthetic effect in palpebral part and genal region.Methods From June of 2008 to February of 2011 the lower lid blepharoplasty is approached through a traditional infraciliary incision,and dissects under the orbicularis oculi for exposing the orbit septum,then resets the orbital fat and orbital septum.Some together with hyaluronic acid injection after operation.Results 42 patients underwent the operation of midfacial facial rejuvenation,follow-up time was 3 months to 19 months,mean 9.8 months.The postoperative result is satisfied and the youthful appearance is restored.Conclusion The youthful appearance can be restored through various technologies by correcting the volume abnormality,resetting the tissue,and elevating reasonably.


Background: Hospital was an organization that is found because of the society demands which are more complex and they have realized that health is very important. It makes the hospital must gives the optimal services for the society. Nursing services in the hospital are the main factor to decide the service quality and the image hospital on the society, because the greater society need of the good services the higher nurses' working motivation will be needed in order to improve their performance optimally. The purpose of the study is to find out the relation between nurses' motivation and performance in Hospital Ward in Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Method: This was a survey analytical research using crosssectional approach to find out the relation between nurses' motivation and performance at the same time. The instrument was questioners that consist of the nurse characteristics and questions on nurses' motivation and performance. Results: The finding analysis using product moment correlation with significance score is 5 % (p < 0.005) showing there was a significance relation between internal motivation and external motivation factors (p = 0,000) with nurses' performance. There was a relation between the sub-variable responsible (p=0,001), acknowledgment (p=0,000), achievement (p=0,000), development (p=0,000), task (p=0,033), supervise (p=0,001), work condition (p=0,000), organization policy (p=0,000), salary (p=0,000) and nurses' performance. However, there is no significance relation between colleagues and nurses' performance. The result of double regression analysis shows the relation between internal and external motivation factor (p=0,000) and nurses' performance. While the sub-variable achievement (p=0,005), development (p=0,003), work condition (p=0,004), and organization policy (p=0,000) have a not significance relation with nurses' performance, but the others (responsible (p=0,734), acknowledgment (p=0,320), task (p=0,145), supervise (p=0,268), colleagues (p=0,773) and salary (p=0,118). Conclusion: This research showed that the internal and external motivation factors were good, so it must be maintained to keep the effect on nurses' motivation. According to the research findings, it also needs to increase the nurses' motivation so that it can increase the nurses' performance in order to get the hospital goal. It can be done by developing the nurses' resource by doing workshop or getting higher education. Keywords: motivation, performance, nurse


Objective To investigate the clinical application of resection of femur or bibia condyle and functional reconstitution of knee joint.Methods From Feb.1992 to Apr.2001,20 cases of tumor of femur or tibia condyle was locally resected eradicatively,the lower limb was retained and at the meantime functions of knee joint were reconstituted using the method of turnover of knee patella along with blood vessel petiole.Results According to follow-up,for 3.9 years this treatment is satisfactory.Knee functions are mostly retained and the movement angle of knee joint is 0~83°.Conclusions After resection of bone tumor operation of turnover of knee patella along with blood vessal peticle to reconsituted knee functions will mostly retained knee functions.It is useful in clinic.


Although I am not a member of the pragma-dialectics school, I shall attempt to summarize and evaluate this paper about the role of epistemic qualifiers in the conclusions of arguments, and in particular the nature of qualified standpoints and their bearing on derailing the application of burden of proof considerations. I realize that, being an outsider, I might well have the summary and evaluation all wrong, and hope that Assimakis Tseronis will clarify any misunderstandings.


Three of the surviving naviculae have on the back a table of dates on which the sun enters each sign of the zodiac, and on the back of the mast a list of towns and their latitudes (Greenwich, Geneva, Gentleman's Magazine). The latitude list is needed for setting the position of the slider on the mast, and the English towns listed on the instruments were probably an aide-memoire for users of the instrument. Latitude tables often appear in medieval manuscripts, with astronomical texts and tables, in commonplace books, and in calendars. In the navicula texts there appears short versions, with around ten places listed, medium-length tables which include some places in Europe and the Middle East, and long tables including values for many places all over the world. The manuscript tables accompanying the texts about the navicula could be repositories for geometrical and astronomical information.Keywords: calendar tables; latitude lists; medieval manuscripts; navicula texts


Interview with Margaret Hunt Davis, alumna of North Texas State University. The interview includes Davis' personal experiences about childhood in rural East Texas, making the decision to attend North Texas, campus life, graduating with a degree in library science, and having a career in Dallas public schools.


One of the risks of loving is losing the one we love. It is easier to be the one who leaves than to be the one who is left. Those who are left often react by directing their anger inward, where it appears as depression and thoughts of suicide. We derail that process by stating, ''the best revenge is a well-lived life.'' This may encourage the client to redirect anger in more constructive pursuits.


In her regular job, Priya Nori runs Montefiore Medical Center's antibiotic stewardship program, and spends most of her time ensuring that the Bronx-based hospital doesn't overuse the drugs and allow bacteria resistant to them to thrive But like many physicians, Nori is now spending all of her time helping treat COVID-19 patients at her New York City hospital, which like other medical centers in the pandemic hot spot, is crowded with 50% more patients than normal As part of that care, she and other doctors are administering many more antibiotics than normal, which is a recipe for the rapid rise or spread of resistant bacteria, especially given the crowded conditions


In the comments by Zhou (IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 4851-4852, Dec. 2012), the authors addressed some concerns about the modeling of the converter and its effect on controller design results presented by Lai and Yeh (IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1854-1863, Jun. 2009). Some of the remarks shown in the comments by Zhou may cause misleading information and misunderstanding. This paper gives further comments on the addressed discussion.


We present a new field effect mechanism on IGIDL in NAND flash strings. According to the proposed 5-terminal GIDL model, special care should be taken to optimize the biasing levels of inhibit scheme. Suggested incremental biasing scheme can be one of the solutions for reducing critical field that enhances boosting efficiency and maximizes memory yields.


Since the end of the twentieth century and so far in the twenty-first century, it has been
transformed by the so-called Information Age, the way in which we interact as individuals
and society. The exponential growth in the use of virtual social networks is a global
phenomenon. In particular, Facebook is the most popular social media platform among
young people in Mexico. This social network has become a point of reference where young
people express their satisfactions, dislikes, concerns and preferences, in other words, their
way of conceiving and living the world. Religion is one of the most controversial topics on
Facebook. In order to know the religious preferences that young people have in this social
network, I developed a survey on Facebook, which I applied to undergraduate students of
the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco. The results illustrate the secularization
process that is being experienced in Mexican Eden.


The Compton camera is a device for imaging gamma radiation sources. The advantages of the system lie in its sensitivity, due to the absence of mechanical collimator, and the possibility of imaging wide energy spectrum sources. These advantages make it a promising candidate for application in hadrontherapy. Funded by the european project ENVISION, FP7-Cooperation Work Program, this work deals with the development of image reconstruction methods for the Compton camera. We developed both analytical and iterative methods in order to reconstruct the source from cone-surface projections. Their performances are analyzed with regards to the context (geometry of the camera, number of events). We developped an analytical method using a Filtered BackProjection (FBP) formulation. This method is fast but really sensitive to the noise. We have also developped iterative methods using a List Mode-Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization (LM-MLEM) algorithm. We proposed a new probabilistic model for the computation of the elements of the system matrix and different approaches for the calculation of these elements neglecting or not the measurement uncertainties. We also implemented a simplified method using the probabilistic model we proposed. The novelty of the method also lies on the specific discretization of the cone-surface projections. Several studies are carried out upon the reconstructions of simulated data worked out with Geant4, but also simulated data obtained from several prototypes of Compton cameras under study at the Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon (IPNL) and at the Research Center of Dresden-Rossendorf. Results are promising, and further investigations on more realistic data are to be done.


As a social form, socialism has developed for a century. Looking back to the history of socialism and checking the success and failure is good to recognize the inner logic of its development. Researching the developing regulation of socialism itself is good to theoretic innovation and the healthy development of socialism.


Hexagonal ferrites are of interest for microwave and millimeter‐wave devices. We have grown single crystal layers of hexagonal ferrites on non‐magnetic spinel substrates using the isothermal dipping method of liquid phase epitaxy. Ferrimagnetic resonance spectra of M‐type layers at 35 GHz exhibited half power linewidths as narrow as 26 Oe. Resonant absorption measurements at frequencies up to 60 GHz showed linear tuning characteristics. For W‐type hexagonal ferrites, the narrowest linewidth observed was 42 Oe.


With the development of salvage at sea, how to encourage the salvor to take the salvage operation positively and reduce the environment pollution has been an emergent problem in the international admiralty law. As the liability insurance underwriter of ship owners, P I Clubs promote the improvement of the international salvage convention and Loyld's salvage forms. Now P I Clubs increasingly take part in the salvage operation and play a more and more important role.


A number of new HFC refrigerants have been proposed during the last several years as candidates to replace R-22 in air-conditioning equipment and to replace both R-22 and R-502 in refrigeration equipment. Currently, several HFC refrigerants appear to be the leading candidates for three types of equipment: packages systems, engineered systems (water chillers), and refrigeration systems. Simultaneously, the HVAC R industry is experimenting with the redesign of R-22/R-502 machinery to utilize these new refrigerants. One part of this extensive research effort is the Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (AREP), which was organized by the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) in 1991. AREP's purpose is to identify the most promising non-ozone-depleting refrigerants to replace R-22 and R-502. This article focuses on the AREP refrigerants and describes their suitability for use in packaged systems, engineered systems and refrigeration systems.


Objective To determine propranolol hydrochloride in propranolol hydrochlorido tablet by charge transfer reaction.Methods The charge transfer interaction between propranold hydrochloride and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ) was investigated by spectrophotometry.Results The apparent molar absorptivity of TCNQ complex was 1.98×102 L·mol-1·cm-1at 745 nm,and 3.61×102 L·mol-1·cm-1at 845 nm.Beers law was obeyed in the concentration range of 10~300 mg·L-1.The relative standard deviation of the method was 1.2%(n=6).The composition of the complex of propranold hydrochloride with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane was 1∶1.Conclusinon This proposed method has been applied to the determination of propranold hydrochloride in tablets with satisfactory results.


The expenditure switching effect of exchange rate undulation results in the discussion of Chinese currency RMB appreciation and Chinese output deflation. The reason is in that China's unitary peg to the US dollar. Through the research on the imperfect and declining trend of short-term exchange rate transmission, the conclusion is current exchange rate regime is suitable to the Chinese actual condition.


We investigate whether quarterly annual effective tax rate (ETR) estimates are systematically biased in comparison to year-end actual ETRs. We find that estimated annual ETRs in the first, second, and third quarters are systematically higher than year-end ETRs. We then investigate whether firms' overstatement of quarterly ETRs creates slack that is used for earnings management. We find that quarterly ETR increases are more likely to be reversed when firms would have missed their analysts' earnings forecast absent the reversal. Finally, we show that in the years subsequent to the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) the changes in the ETR are more highly associated with earnings management. These results documenting patterns of annual ETR estimates and revisions contribute to research about how earnings management is accomplished.


Because there are a matter of too much heavy and volume for frame plate of hot press,high manufacturing costs and transportation inconvenient,it draws the parameterized model of frame plate by means of UG NX7.0 and expression of its EXP,completes the statics analysis on frame plate taking advantage of finite element analysis software Ansys14.0,establishes mathematical model of optimization design that the minimum mass of frame plate acts as a goal according to design demand and constrain condition,and then integrates them through Isight_FD5.0 software,acquiring optimal value of configuration parameter through the choice of the combination of genetic algorithm and successive quadratic programming optimization search strategy on the basis of adequate structure strength,realizing expected result of reducing weight of frame.


The effect of serial planting on dry matter production, leaf area, grain yield and yield components cf Lupinus angustifoiius (cvv. Uniwhite, Uniharvest and Unicrop) and L. albus (cv. Ultra) was investigated in field plots at Rutherglen in 1973 and 1974. Delayed planting reduced dry matter production of all cultivars, and leaf area for Ultra. Differences in dry matter partitioning were observed between the late flowering Uniharvest, and the early flowering Unicrop and Ultra. In Uniharvest, delayed plantings resulted in a greater proportion of total dry matter being produced during the flowering phase, whereas the reverse was true for Unicrop and Ultra. The later flowering cultivars showed marked grain yield and yield component reduction with later sowing. Yields were reduced by 160.6 kg/ha and 222.5 kg/ha for each week's delay in sowing Uniharvest and Uniwhite, respectively. This effect was offset in the early flowering cultivars by greater development of lateral branches. In addition, when Unicrop and Ultra were planted in April, pod and flower abortion on the main stem resulted from low temperatures at flowering time. Optimum sowing time was early April for Uniwhite and Uniharvest, and early May for Unicrop and Ultra. Excellent vegetative growth under ideal moisture conditions highlighted the poor harvest indices of lupins and the scope for genetic improvement in the genus.


Abstract An ellipsometric technique is described for accurately measuring the film thickness of plasma-polymerized polymers on metallic substrates. The index of refraction n and absorption index Kof the plasma polymer film can also be studied by ellipsometry. Films of plasma polystyrene and polyepichlorohydrin were deposited on evaporated aluminum substrates and their thickness and optical constants determined. Plasma polystyrene films from 20 to 1600 A thick have optical constants n = 1.63 and K =0 independent of film thickness. Plasma polyepichlorohydrin films over the same range of thickness give n ≃ 1.70 and K≃ 0.01. By utilizing the ellipsometric method the effect of plasma polymer film thickness on surface energy properties was determined. Advancing contact angle measurements and surface energy analysis detail the polar γSVP dispersion γSVPcontributions to the solid-vapor surface tension γSV = γSVd + γSVP Polystyrene and polyepichlorohydrin films on etched aluminum. For thin plasma polystyrene films...


Abstract This article evaluates the impact of substance abuse on the employability, earnings, and use of governmental services of individuals receiving welfare cash assistance. Ordered probit and ordinary least squares regression techniques were used to test the hypothesis that use of controlled substances affects the ability of welfare beneficiaries to find employment, to earn wages, to avoid economic hardship, and to take advantage of governmental social service programs. Results show that substance abuse is not the barrier to work for individuals receiving cash assistance that it has been thought to be, nor does such use predict economic hardship, or affect the propensity of welfare beneficiaries to take advantage of government programs.


| Marlene Dobkin de Rios, PhD The author, a medical anthropologist and licensed psychotherapist, draws on a database of 700 Latino immigrant families whom she has treated to demonstrate concepts and techniques of psychotherapeutic intervention that are derived from shamanic roots in the immigrant's original culture. Congruences may exist between the shamanic techniques of the coastal and Amazonian regions of Peru and 3 Western psychotherapy techniques—hypnosis, behavior modification, and cognitive restructuring. By using historic links with Hispanic culture and the techniques discussed in the commentary, psychotherapists can acquire cultural competence that will enable them to effectively reduce mental illness symptoms presented by US Latino immigrants in clinical practice. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:1576–1578) AS A MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGIST, I spent the first part of my career as a field researcher. Funded by the Foundations Fund for Research in Psychiatry, I spent a year (1968 to 1969) in the Peruvian Amazon city of Iquitos, studying the use of the plant hallucinogen ayahuasca (various Banisteriopsis spp.) as they were incorporated into curanderismo, or traditional folk healing, to treat clients' psychological and emotional disorders. This research placed me in contact with 2l shamans. While there, I lived and worked on a floating houseboat in a barriada (squatter settlement) of 11000 people. A number of publications resulted from this research. By the early l980s, my interests had shifted and I returned to the United States to obtain a second master's degree, in clinical psychology, and to be licensed as a psychotherapist. In addition to my work as a professor of anthropology at California State University, Fullerton, I became affiliated with the Burn Center at the University of California, Irvine Medical Center, using my acquired second language, Spanish, and experience with the urban poor in squatter slums in Peru to provide psychotherapy to Spanish-speaking burn victims. Over time, my practice expanded to other hospital services such as orthopedics, neurology, surgery, and oncology. Over the last 17 years, I have also provided psychotherapy to clients referred by managed care insurers as well as local county social services.


Paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) is found in parallel with some cancers, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Neoplastic cells can produce a variety of peptides that exert biological actions at both local and distant sites. Symptoms and signs associated with paraneoplastic disorders may be overlookedin diagnosis and management. In this article we review the endocrinological changes, well characterized paraneoplastic antibodies and classical neurological syndromes associated with small cell lung cancer.


A new zirconia-based stationary phase(DSAZ) is prepared for the first time by modification with dodecencylsuccinic acid(DSA).DSAZ is far more stable than stearic acid modified zirconia,because both of the carboxyl groups of DSA adsorb on zirconia with bidentate chelating mode,which has been identified by the FTIR spectrum of stationary phase.Hydrophobic interaction is the mainly retention mechanism for the stationary phase.Separations of PAHs and basic compounds are achieved with satisfaction.


Brand extensions are widely used as one of the best strategies all over the world which add value in brand equity. Brand extension is the concept that reflects bringing new products in to the market. Through brand extension strategies companies who are applying, can stay in the market for the longer period of time because by offering new product after some time not only satisfy its customer but also strengthen company's image in the mind of the customer. Brand extension closely linkup with consumer's memory and recall. For this reason managers have greater responsibility of keeping the company's name and reputation high. By keeping in mind the Pakistani market environment brand extension require more efforts from managers Political and economic situations are highly uncertain as well as customer have limited financial capabilities. Manager's have dual responsibility from corporate side to make strategies in alignment with company's vision and mission and on the other side manager's are also responsible for creating enough point of differentiations in child brand in comparison with its parent brand. The risk f brand dilution is also there, in case if managers are failed to develop consistency in feature of child brand with its parent brand or they failed to define point of parity with its parent brand. This research study is conducted in Karachi by keeping in mind the Pakistani market environment. Interviews with brand managers of different companies who are actually facing day to day challenges in brand extension have been taken and analyzed under phenomenological tradition.


Aiming at process neural network aggregation operation problem in time field,a training method of PNN is shown.Legendre function orthogonal base is introduced into input function space of network,and both input function and weight function are denoted limited items of function orthogonal base.Using the orthogonality of function base,the complexity of PNN in time aggregation computing is simplified,the learning efficiency of the network is improved.The algorithm of general realization is presented,and the simulation experience proved availability of the algorithm.


Provided is a solid wire for gas shielded arc welding having good feedability and arc stability. The wire is provided to have a hardening factor between 0.25 and 0.55.


Introduction : New graduate physiotherapists working in rural and remote Australia must develop unique skills to work in this setting, while at the same time managing the difficulties typically faced by novice practitioners entering the workforce. Workplace mentorship is commonly used to facilitate this transition, yet little is known about new graduate physiotherapists' needs in rural and remote settings. This study aimed to explore workplace mentorship in rural and remote Australia from the perspective of new graduate physiotherapists and investigate what new graduates feel they need from mentorship that is specific to rural and remote settings. Methods : A qualitative study with a thematic analytical approach was used. Semi-structured interviews of 12 new graduate physiotherapists working in rural and remote settings were undertaken within the graduates' first 8 to 10 months of clinical practice. Interviews were audio-recorded between August and November 2019. Results : Three key themes were constructed during the analysis: 1) Mentorship is best when it is frequent and consistent, 2) Initiating mentorship can be challenging and 3) Mentorship needs to be accessible and individualised. Conclusion : There are challenges to mentorship of new graduate physiotherapists in rural and remote areas, including infrequency of mentorship, limited access to mentors and reluctance to request support. Whilst new graduate physiotherapists desire mentorship that is accessible, individualised and, ultimately, similar to what they perceive they would receive in the metropolitan setting, they acknowledge that to suit rural and remote localities, the delivery must be flexible. Mentorship is considered critical to support new graduates entering rural and remote settings.


INTRUCTION: Synthetic bone graft such as hydroxyapatite[(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] (HA) ceramic have been exhibited high tissue compatibility, osteoconductivity and resistance to infection. However, the insufficient bending strength of HA ceramic, probably too tight to bind of BMPs to HA limit its usage[1]. Various hydroxyapatite /collagen composites were developed as potential biomaterials for bone substitutes due to their compositional analogy to bone. However, the problem of brittleness of ceramic is not overcome by simple collagen or gelatin coating/blending. We have developed a novel material MGSF (modified gelatin crosslinked with silane and fructose) which exhibits superior properties over gelatin or crosslinked glutaraldehyde-gelatin with improved tensile strength, stable thermodynamic property and slow degradation by a proteolytic enzyme and good cytocompatibility. The aim of this study was to characterize MGSF coated HA surface on cellular supporting, growth factor association and dissociation and to evaluate mechanical properties due to surface coating.


The impulse approximation of pion production reactions is studied by developing a relativistic formalism, consistent with that used to define the nucleon-nucleon potential. For plane wave initial states we find that the usual one-body (1B) expression ${\mathcal{O}}_{1\mathrm{B}}$ is replaced by ${\mathcal{O}}_{2\mathrm{B}}=\ensuremath{-}\mathit{iK}({m}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}/2){\mathcal{O}}_{1\mathrm{B}}/{m}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}$, where $K({m}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}/2)$ is the sum of all irreducible contributions to nucleon-nucleon scattering with energy transfer of ${m}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}/2$. We show that ${\mathcal{O}}_{2\mathrm{B}}\ensuremath{\approx}{\mathcal{O}}_{1\mathrm{B}}$ for plane wave initial states. For distorted waves, we find that the usual operator is replaced with a sum of two-body operators that are well approximated by the operator ${\mathcal{O}}_{2\mathrm{B}}$. Our new formalism solves the (previously ignored) problem of energy transfer forbidding a one-body impulse operator. Using a purely one pion exchange deuteron, the net result is that the impulse amplitude for $\mathit{np}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ at threshold is enhanced by a factor of approximately two. This amplitude is added to the larger ``rescattering'' amplitude and, although experimental data remain in disagreement, the theoretical prediction of the threshold cross section is brought closer to (and in agreement with) the data.


A new approach for stabilizing asymmetric neural networks is suggested in the present paper. A nonlinear control system is used as the model of the given neural network, then by decomposing the interconnection matrix and by using the deremainder control technique, some asymptotically stable outputs can be attained as the network is driven by prescribed inputs. A structure optimization scheme for the network is also suggested following the same technique.<<ETX>>


The Control system is the core part of high-power wind turbine. This paper introduces the technical features of 2MW wind turbine control system in brief,and also introduces the software control processing,important function models,safety system,and hardware type choosing of the controller. 2MW wind turbine is now running in Da Fen wind farm,Jiang Su Province,the windspeed-power curves of the wind turbine demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of this controller we designed.


The dissolution of adolescent romantic relationships can lead to a host of detrimental mental health, academic, and social issues for students. The purpose of this article is to discuss specific ways in which school counselors, using direct and indirect services can support students experiencing the trauma of a severed relationship. The article also emphasizes the importance of partnerships between school counselors, students, parents, teachers, and community practitioners. Two case studies are provided with specific recommendations for how school counselors can assist heartbroken students.


Introduction
We have performed open reduction with Pemberton osteotomy, as our primary treatment method for developmental dysplasia of the hip, in more than 550 patients at our institution since 1993.

Step 1 Exposure
With the patient supine, make an anterior iliofemoral incision that is not directly on the iliac crest, dissect the subcutaneous tissue in the line of the incision, expose the iliac crest, and divide the cartilage at the iliac crest.

Step 2 Perform Iliopsoas Tenotomy
Identify the rectus femoris tendon, release the iliopsoas muscle, and identify the acetabulum-hip capsule junction.

Step 3 Perform Open Reduction and Osteotomy
Perform an open reduction, check hip stability, make medial and lateral cut lines, and complete the osteotomy.

Step 4 Insert Iliac Bone Graft
Harvest the graft, position the reduced hip joint, insert the bone graft, repair the capsule, and close the wound.

Step 5 Postoperative Management
Apply a hip spica cast after skin closure.

Results & Preop/Postop Images
In our clinical and radiographic review of forty-nine patients followed for more than ten years after treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip with a unilateral Pemberton osteotomy, there were no redislocations and no patient required additional surgery for residual hip dysplasia after the original Pemberton osteotomy.

What to Watch For
Indications Contraindications Pitfalls & Challenges.


We present the broadband heliograph based on the UTR-2 radio telescope for obtaining the solar corona images in the frequency range 8-32 MHz with the frequency resolution 4 kHz, the time resolution up to 1 ms, and under the dynamic range about 90 dB. The instrument provides new possibilities to measure the non-thermal radiation in an unprecedented way for a better understanding of the radio emission processes in solar corona. We describe various aspects of the instrument including its antenna system, receiver front end, digital hardware and the data acquisition. This is the lowest-frequency heliograph operating in the world. It allows us to detect radio emission from solar radio sources in the upper solar corona near frequencies of ionosphere cut-off. The instrument performance is illustrated with source maps of solar radio bursts at low frequencies during the observational campaigns of 2013 and 2015. © 2018 BBSCS RN SWS. All rights reserved


Theoretical description of the effect of macroscopic and local magnetic anisotropy on the coercive force H c of amorphous alloys with near-zero magnetostriction is presented. The analysis concerns two types of centers of domain-wall pinning, resulting in different dependences of H c on the macroscopic magnetic anisotropy constant. The theoretical conclusion on the presence of a minimum in the H c dependence on the squareness of the hysteresis loop is experimentally confirmed.


Coronary artery obstruction can occur in non-coronary artery bypass procedures due to mechanical obstruction following surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement, following the late development of an aneurysm at the site of coronary artery attachments in a composite graft procedure, or as a result of a coronary embolus in patients with cardiac myxomas. We present images of a patient who developed an acute coronary embolus following a Bentall procedure for an acute Type A aortic dissection. A 53-year-old male underwent a Bentall procedure with a #25 Carbomedics mechanical prosthesis (Carbomedics, Liva Nova, London, UK) and hemiarch resection for an acute Type A aortic dissection which extended into the sinus of Valvsalva and both coronary ostia. The patient tolerated the procedure well and a postoperative computed tomography scan showed bilateral patent coronary anastomoses without any abnormalities (Figure 1). The patient was anticoagulated with coumadin and transferred to a rehab facility on the 9th postop day. On the 10th postop day, he was readmitted with acute chest pain, elevated cardiac enzymes and 1-2mm inferior ST segment changes. His international normalized ratiowas 1.74. Coronary angiography revealed an embolic occlusion of the distal left circumflex artery (Figure 2). Hewas started on IV heparin and antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100mg daily) in addition to coumadin.


In 1996 Keane J, then an ordinary member of the Supreme Court, suggested that the complete removal of mens rea from criminal offences would be unconstitutional. Ten years later the Supreme Court in CC v Ireland struck down a statutory rape offence because of an absence of mens rea and the unavailability of a defence of mistake as to the victim's age. This contribution to the Festschrift for Chief Justice Keane revisits the question of what constitutional principles are breached by the use of strict liability in criminal law. The suggested answer is that in an extreme case, such as Keane J envisaged in 1996, the legality principle may be breached but apart from that it is difficult to explain the unconstitutionality of strict liability per se in Irish law. The first part of this article critically analyses CC v Ireland, arguing that the judgment did not convincingly show incompatibility between the impugned strict liability offence and the Constitution. The second part of the article surveys potential constitutional bases for restraining strict liability; it considers the recommendation that the presumption of innocence should be thought of as restraining strict liability and emphasises the legality principle as an important check on criminalisation. The question of the constitutionality of strict liability in criminal law and the question of the value of strict liability in criminal law may be related but are not the same. It may be that, on balance, strict liability ought not be used, especially for serious offences, but that does not mean there must be a constitutional doctrine to rule it out. This article is concerned with the question of the constitutionality of strict liability in Ireland. It generally neither favours nor disfavours the use of strict liability in criminal law; rather, it somewhat doubts that the Constitution puts, and should put, the use of strict liability off limits to the Oireachtas. The main reason for this is that judicial review of strict liability is problematic because there is an apparent absence of apt standards by which judges can decide what forms of strict liability are constitutionally permissible. Candidate constitutional doctrines for limiting strict liability are canvassed below and found to be problematic. That is not to say, however, that a doctrine to coherently limit strict liability per se could not be developed, but it is emphasised how such development would lead the courts deeper into the controversial territory of deciding the moral limits of the criminal law.


It is argued that the experimental criteria recently used to assign wobbling nature to low-spin bands in several nuclei are insufficient and risky. New experimental data involving angular distribution and linear polarization measurements on an excited band in 187Au, previously interpreted as longitudinal wobbling, are presented. The new data show that the linking transitions have dominant magnetic nature and exclude the wobbling interpretation.


Hume identifies the idea of time with the idea of succession and denies that we have or even can have an idea of time without change.  He argues that our idea of time is not applicable to unchanging objects and that unchanging objects cannot be said to endure.  At the center of Hume's treatment of time is a fiction that is supposed to explain how we falsely believe that we can form an idea of time without change and how we consider unchanging objects to endure. The literature has struggled to make sense of Hume's riddled arguments and obscure claims.  Against the background of Hume's intention to establish a new foundation for the sciences, we consider the most important and controversial texts from the perspective of Hume's likely target: the idea of absolute time.  From this perspective, we offer important insights into the questions that have dominated the literature.


The present invention is an antibacterial master batch is ionized calcium powder containing A method for producing the antimicrobial film as a raw material, and more particularly to a calcium powder ionize the shell via the foreign material removing, cleaning, drying, baking, cooling and milling step and a master batch produced by the production steps by this process surface active agent, the mixing step, the masterbatch forming step as a raw material, to a method of manufacturing the antimicrobial excellent antimicrobial film.


In the era of the industrial revolution, the level of development of science, technology and information as well as the arts brought mutual benefits to the development of traditional batik in Indonesia Batik as one of the characteristics of the Indonesian state is currently increasingly in demand by various groups as well as among the types of batik, namely batik jumputan which is batik by means of dyeing it. Which will be studied in extracurricular works. The purpose of holding assistance in making batik ikat for MTS Sunan Drajat students is as an effort to support the development of student creativity in producing a product. The method for implementing this mentoring activity is the author uses an ABC Asset Based Community Development approach. These activities include initial communication, identification of dreams, designing steps to determine goals and steps implementation. This refers to the steps of the ABCD approach, the discovery of dreams, the definition of design, and destiny. The results of the research show that asset identification encourages community members to realize the power of assets. With the addition of this assistance, they will immediately realize their dreams by making plans and designing procedures to achieve them. Set goals and start building their community ready to become facilitators and motivators of peers. This mentoring can be a sustainable development activity and involve more community members.


The use of user-generated content (UGC) by news organizations changes the news making process. In this study, is investigated whether Dutch journalists consider audience participation or contributions as a valuable source for their own news production, how they deal with UGC during their own working routines and practices and to what extent journalists, bound to a news organization, are stimulating audience participation nowadays. As a means of answering these questions, a qualitative research design, which employed semi-structured interviews with journalists and editors from twelve Dutch newsrooms, was adopted. The interviews showed that Dutch news organizations (despite their affords) were still far removed from an ideal routine of co-creation between journalists and citizens. However at the same time, the Dutch media landscape showed several initiatives on hybridization between journalists and their audience. All interviewees considered UGC as a valuable source for their news production and made use of UGC portals to stimulate incoming audience material, but it differed in the way they were making use of it. Overall, Dutch media organizations were on the one hand innovative, but on the other hand were holding on to traditional professional standards.


Objective To investigate the effects of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)transplantation on acute myocardial infarction in swine models using MRI. Methods Fourteen Chinese mini-pigs(27±3 kg)were divided into control group(n=7)and transplantation group(n=7).Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)model was made by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 90 minutes,and then 10 ml autologous MSCs(3 × 106 cell/ml)were injected into LAD by over-wire-balloon catheter after one week. MRl was performed to assess the cardiac function and myocardial perfusion 1 week after AMI and 6 weeks after transplantation.The implanted cells in vitro were analyzed by immunofluorescence.Resuits The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in transplantation group was increased from(42.7 ±7.5)%to(50.1±10.1)%,which was significantly different from that in control group(P<0.01).In addition,the dyskinetic segments in infarcted region and the infareted area were decreased by 4 and 3.2 cm2 respectively(P<0.01),and the left ventricular weight index was increased by 4.1 g/m2 in transplantation group(P<0.05)compared with control group.The DAPI-labeled cells in infarcted and peri-infarcted region indicated the survived MSCs.Immunofluoreseence also confirmed that those cells expressed cardiomyocyte-specific troponin T,connexin 43 and vessel-specific smooth muscle actin.Capillary density in both infarcted and peri-infarcted region were higher in transplantation group than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion MRI is a reliable imaging method for assessing the effects of stem cell transplantation in acute myocardial infartion of swine models.

Key words:
Myocardial infarction;  Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation;  Magnetic resonance imaging;  Animal experimentation


This paper analyzes the relationship between economic reform and the democratic process to ask the following question: Does the likelihood of adoption of an economic reform increase with an increase in the efficiency benefits from that reform? A priori we might expect that this likelihood should increase monotonically, for two reasons. First, economic reform results in an increase in the size of the national "pie." If the government has the ability to make compensatory tax-transfers, an increase in each citizen's income is possible. Second, a larger economic reform results in a greater number of "winners." This might also be expected to reinforce the political support for economic reform. So we should expect a reform with greater efficiency benefits to a larger population to have a greater chance of adoption by the government. However, in this paper we show that this intuition is mistaken. In particular, we demonstrate that there exists a certain non-monotonicity between the distribution of winners from economic reform and the probability of its adoption. An increase in the number of winners may lower, rather than increase, the likelihood of adoption of economic reform. In particular, even though reforms that benefit a minority or an overwhelming majority are adopted, reforms that benefit a smaller majority are not adopted.


Recently we have calculated the Huggins constant in terms of the characteristic relaxation spectrum. Here we apply the same method to the coefficient ks, which is defined by s / s0 = 1 − ksc···, where s is the sedimentation constant at the polymer weight concentration c, and s0 is that at infinite solution. It is found that ks is related to the expansion coefficient αξ (determined by viscosity measurements) and to the molecular weight of the polymer in the following manner: ks = C0M1/2(αξ − αξ−1), where C0 is a constant dependent on the unperturbed dimensions of the polymer coil. This equation is compared with recent experiments by Nagasawa and by Cowie and good agreement is obtained. Thus, plots of ks against M1/2(αgx−αξ−1 give excellent linearity.


ABSTRACT A growing body of research points to the detrimental effect of animosity on tourist attitudes and behaviours. Previous research suggests political animosity is more likely to bear long-term influence on tourism behaviour. Surprisingly, no previous work explored the relationship between political animosity, its possible antecedents and consequences. The present study attempts to contribute to the literature by investigating unexplored relationships between past travel experience, animosity, perceived cultural dissimilarity, risk perception, and behavioural intentions critical to tourism management. A concurrent mixed method design (QUAN + qual) was employed to collect data for the study. Twenty semi-structured interviews (Study A) and a questionnaire collected from 227 female millennial tourists (Study B) comprise the research design. Findings suggest that animosity is a mediating construct in the relationship between past travel experience, perceived cultural dissimilarity, perceived risk, and behavioural intentions. Conclusions are drawn and directions for future research are provided.


The effect of ozone on chemical vapor deposition of titanium dioxide films from titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) has been experimentally studied. The influence of process parameters on the growth rate, structural and optical properties of TiO2 films deposited in the TTIP–Ar, TTIP–O2–Ar and TTIP–O2–O3–Ar reaction systems have been compared taking into account the results of FTIR measurements of the reaction gas phase. Ozone allows to decrease minimal deposition temperature providing formation of high quality titanium dioxide films to 240 °C.


Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent mitogen for vascular endothelium, is expressed in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MM). The present report examines the effect of VEGF on MM growth. Four MM cell lines produced significantly higher VEGF levels than normal mesothelial cells (1946±14 pg/ml vs. 180±17 pg/ml; p<0.001). In addition, MM cells expressed the tyrosine kinase‐related VEGF receptors Flt‐1 and KDR. Recombinant human VEGF phosphorylated both Flt‐1 and KDR and increased proliferation of all four MM cell lines in a dose‐dependent fashion. Neutralizing antibodies against either VEGF, Flt‐1 or KDR significantly reduced MM cellular proliferation. In addition, expression of VEGF, Flt‐1, and KDR was observed in MM biopsies. Moreover, higher VEGF levels were found in the pleural effusions of MM patients than in the effusions of patients with non‐malignant pleural disease (1885.7±894.9 pg/ml vs. 266.9±180.5 pg/ml; p<0.001). Linear regression analysis showed a significant inverse correlation between serum VEGF levels and MM patient survival (r=0.72; p<0.01). No correlation was found between tumour vessel density and either serum (r=0.26; p=0.42) or pleural effusion (r=0.35; p=0.26) VEGF levels. These results indicate that VEGF, via activation of its tyrosine kinase receptors, may be a key regulator of MM growth. In addition, VEGF production could have an impact on patient survival, not only by promoting tumour angiogenesis but also by directly stimulating tumour growth. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Graff and Harbec trace Gallant's life and work, evoke the painter's talents as a storyteller, and stress how his work relates to Acadian history and identity. Includes texts by friends of the artist. Biographical notes. 26 bibl. ref.


: How to reveal the cognitive neural correlates underlying emotional face processing has always been the popular topic for psychology and social neuroscience. Previous studies mainly used single facial expressions as the stimuli to induce and present emotions, but there is still a lack of attention and the investigation for the crowd emotion. Thus, the present project plans to reveal the neural correlates underlying the processing of crowd emotional faces through the combination of behavioral, ERP, fMRI, and TMS experiments, in which the emotional information (valence and intensity), face direction (frontal, lateral and inverse view), integrity (partial presentation, complete presentation) and spatial frequency (complete, high frequency, low frequency) will be investigated to reveal the temporal dynamics and brain activation patterns of the processing of crowd facial expressions. Finally, our work will be expected to beneficially serve the comprehensive understanding of the nature of the perception and recognition of crowd emotion, which is also of practical significance towards updating social interactions.


Cystathionine is a thio-ether and a metabolite formed from homo-cysteine during transsulfuration. Elevated plasma cystathionine levels are reported in patients with cardiovascular disease; however prospective relationships with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are unknown. We investigated associations between plasma cystathionine and AMI among patients with suspected and/or verified coronary heart disease (CHD). Subjects from two independent cohort studies, the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (WECAC) (3033 patients with stable angina pectoris; 263 events within 4.8 years of median follow-up) and the Norwegian Vitamin Trial (NORVIT) (3670 patients with AMI; 683 events within 3.2 years of median follow-up) were included. Results: In both cohorts, plasma-cystathionine was associated with several traditional CHD risk factors (P b 0.001). Comparing the cystathionine quartile 4 to 1, age and gender adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for AMI were 2.08 (1.43–3.03) and 1.41 (1.12–1.76) in WECAC and NORVIT, respectively. Additional adjustment for traditional risk factors slightly attenuated the risk estimates, which were generally stronger in both cohorts among non-smokers, patients with higher age, and lower BMI or PLP status 0.04). Risk to be stronger in patients not treated with B-vitamins. of patients, cystathionine associated strongly negatively with glutathione, important antioxidant marker of H2S production b 0.001). risk of heart disease, cystathionine levels are strongly associated with risk of future AMI. This association was independent of traditional CHD risk factors and potential confounders. Our findings motivate further studies to explore possible pro-atherogenic mechanisms related to disturbances of the one carbon and transsulfuration pathway.


The Critical Period has been studied repeatedly using much of the related literature. The result has shown that there is a possibility that the successful language learning of a young child is related to his spending a long time in learning that language. On the other hand, an adult often fails to l...


We identify three categories of baby diaries prevalent from the late 18th to the late 19th century in Western Europe and the USA – scientific, educational, and domestic. By the end of the 19th century, a canon of 'scientific' baby diary literature had been established. The diarists were professionals and almost always parents – among them philosophers, psychologists, evolutionists, educators. Recurring themes, such as the nature of instinctive behaviors, recapitulationism, and assumptions about the generalizability of data from a single case, are discussed. In conclusion, contemporary uses of the diary method are explored.


Abstract Large Ti single crystals of low dislocation density have been grown by the phase transformation technique. The determination of the Burgers vector of the straight dislocations was made by X-ray topographs.


In harsh industrial environment, industrial wireless networks need high quality performance at real-time, deterministic schedule, reliability and low-power consumption, and so on, or it will bring disastrous consequences to the industrial field. The existing industrial wireless network can not fundamentally solve the multi-hop network beacon collision, thus it will influence its real-time capability, the demand for certainty and reliability. This requires a method of scheduling uncertainties communications star-based network to standardize the channel access mechanisms, multi-hop network and to address the mutual interference, thus completing the tree network scheduling. So, the problem of beacon collision in Multi-hop network will be solved and it can be widely applied to industrial wireless network.


Linda Schueler, a freelance writer and international business consultant from Canada, married He Zhen, a Chinese man in 2003, and decided to remain in China. It is still fairly uncommon for Western women to marry Chinese men. In this article, Schueler shares some of the details about her interracial marriage. She told Women of China, "The journey I have taken (since marriage) has been full of surprises, unexpected delights and many learning experiences."


Many raterbased assessments include narrative comments. Interpretations of these may be diffi cult, however, as they can often be interpreted in multiple ways. Narrative comments from clinical supervisors about trainee performance are often based on a hidden code with regards to the meaning of the language of assessment. What is meant by 'good' or 'excellent' may vary across contexts, as does the interpretation of these words. This paper explores how faculty members interpret and make sense of such narrative comments in order to increase our understanding of assessment practice, as the misinterpretation of residents' intraining evaluation reports (ITERs) can impact a trainee ' s progression and career opportunities.


We start largely from scratch in the task of building a research-based foundation for doctoral programs in music education. Two dimensions of the task are to address, from a research base, the operational and the philosophical foundations for what our programs have been, now are, and need to become. Little exists to help us do so, either in our research and scholarly literature or in our recognition of the urgency of the need. At the operational level even the most basic questions of why we do what we do are unanswered in any systematic way. And at the philosophical level, having to do with what our values and goals might be, we have no viable mechanism allowing us to work toward a synergistic set of principles that would lead us to provide the profession with its highest-level visionaries, researchers and leaders. Until we provide for a means to accomplish those ends doctoral degree study will continue to be less influential in forging a more well-grounded, more effective profession than its distinctive mission requires it to be.


This is an integrative review which aimed to evaluate the use of the SPIKES protocol in Oncology. We selected articles published in Medline and CINAHL databases between 2005-2015, in English, with the descriptors defined by the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH):cancer, neoplasms, plus the uncontrolled descriptor: protocol spikes.
Six articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in full, three thematic categories were established: aspects inherent to the health care professional; Aspects related to the patient and aspects related to the protocol. The main effects of the steps of SPIKES protocol can provide the strengthening of ties between health professionals and patients, and ensure the maintenance and quality of this relationship.
The results indicate an important limiting factor for effective doctor-patient relationship, the little training provided to medical professionals communication of bad news, verified by the difficulty reported in this moment through interviews in the analyzed studies.


David Rose was a leading figure in British television, first at the BBC and then later at Channel 4. After working as a producer on Z-Cars, in 1970 Rose was made Head of Regional Drama at the newly formed BBC Pebble Mill in Birmingham. There he had a specific brief to commission work by regional writers and to raise the profile of the regions on mainstream television. After ten years as Head of English Regions Drama, Rose was then appointed Head of Fiction at the newly formed Channel 4. Fiction was also to encompass the Film on Four strand (which later became Film Four). It was Rose and Chief Executive Jeremy Isaacs who defined the role of Film on Four within the 'publishing house' remit of the channel, commissioning films from independent producers for television broadcast and theatrical release. As Head of Fiction, Rose was given a budget of around £6 million to commission films of between £300,000 and £500,000, productions which could either be fully funded by the channel or co-produced with other investors (Isaacs 1989: 147). Through Film on Four, Rose also sought to provide a platform for new talent, andmany first-time writers and directors benefitted from the kudos associated with working on films for theatrical release – the writer Hanif Kureishi achieved success with My Beautiful Laundrette (1985) while the novelist Neil Jordan also made his directorial debut with the critically acclaimed Angel (1982). It was a successful model which provided a significant boost to British film-making in an ailing industrial climate. Between 1981 and


The author examines topical aspects of specifying mental violence in the criminal legislation of Ukraine on the basis of Articles from the Section «Crimes against Public Security», namely «Banditry», «Terrorist Acts», «Intentionally False Report about a Threat to Public Security, or a Threat of Property Destruction or Damage». Special attention is paid to the empirical data collected on the basis of indicators of the Prosecutor General's Office of Ukraine, the guilty verdicts of the courts of Ukraine under the above-mentioned Articles. On this basis, the author specifies objective attributes of the presence of mental violence in the above-mentioned crimes, analyzes their significance and, using the cases of court verdicts, proves the presence of mental violence. Mental violence is expressed through the use of the following terminology: coercion, compulsion, involvement, threats, recruitment, use of weapons, exerting psychological pressure against the victim, threat (of explosion, arson or other actions terrorizing the population, posing danger of human death, considerable damage to property or other grave consequences). The author has analyzed and presented the percentage ratio of all crimes under consideration and, using the conducted analysis, has developed recommendations on supplementing the formal components constituting these crimes with a compulsory object of the mental health of the population. Besides, having assessed the cumulative data from the survey of police officers whose work is connected with crime investigation, the author concludes that, within the framework of crimes against public security, such criminal means as involvement and coercion are varieties of mental violence which, through psychological influence, change a person's mentality and behavior. To improve the professional competence of investigators in the spheres of psychology, criminal law and criminology, the author suggests developing for investigators an algorithm of actions for identifying mental violence in crimes against public security.


This work investigated the important factors
influencing faculty members' decision to use or not
to use any form of online course management
applications (OCMA) in higher education. Today,
with the rapid growth of the Internet, many higher
educational institutions are using technology in
courses or offering online courses and programs.
With training and support, many faculty members use
some form of OCMA in their teaching, but some
faculty members choose not to. Administrators may
benefit from understanding faculty use of general
technology in teaching in higher education by
exploring how faculty members make their decisions
in the use of specific types of technology such as
OCMA.
Beyond the descriptive statistics, logistic analysis
and path analysis led to a consistent statistical-
artifact hypothesis: there are factors that
correlate faculty members' technology adoption
decisions. In this work, Time or time-related
challenges were shown not to be a direct factor. In
addition, my work suggested specific ways in which
administrators might play an important role in
supporting faculty members' decisions toward online
education.


Three kinds of methods for non-feedback control, i.e., periodic parametric perturbation; periodic excitation and periodic pulse, are used to control the chaos of non-linear Rossler system. With all these three methods, we realized the conversion of the chaotic motion to regular (periodic) motion for some ranges of valves of choosing parameters.


The environment in which military men, journalists and international and non governmental organizations' (IO-NGO) personnel develop their work during a war or any armed conflict is already definitely more complicate than in the immediate past. That is why for any of those actors is so important to understand the mechanisms that explain how do the other relevant subjects behave in the front line and the rearguard in order to adapt and improve their performances to that changing scenario. This work focus on the specific relations established by journalists and IO and NGO press information officers. The conclusions of this paper are the result of ground work and historic library research and are linked to the author's historical based theory about external and internal factors regarding war correspondents.


The utility model relates to a battery pack based on a carrier communication technology and a management system of the battery pack. The battery pack management system comprises master monitor equipment, the battery pack and battery cell monitor modules with microprocessors, wherein each battery cell monitor module is in communication connection with the master monitor equipment in a carrier communication mode, and a primary loop formed in a working state by the battery pack is used as a carrier channel; each microprocessor is connected to the primary loop of the corresponding battery cell through the carrier communication module; a communication interface of the master monitor equipment is in coupling connection with the corresponding primary loop. According to the management system, information of each battery cell state is converted into a high-frequency signal and superposed on a primary master loop of the system, the high-frequency signal uploaded by each battery cell monitor module can be acquired through the carrier communication equipment, and the high-frequency signal can be processed to obtain the information of the battery state, so that conventional external attached power supplies and communication circuits can be saved, and the battery pack management system is relatively easy and reliable to design and maintain.


We consider analytically the dynamics of $N$ vortices in an annular Bose-Einstein condensate obtaining expressions for the free energy and vortex precession rates to logarithmic accuracy. Both uniform and Thomas-Fermi profiles are discussed, and lower bounds for the lifetime of a single vortex are obtained. We conclude by showing that the Magnus force and the method of images give equivalent results in a homogeneous system, but in a Thomas-Fermi cloud the equivalence is only approximative.


ABSTRACT Official documents of educational policy of the European Union highlight the importance of integrating ICT into education. Interactive learning materials play an important role in the meaningful use of ICT to support an active learning. Providing feedback dependent on student´s actions should be a standard part of the digital learning materials. The immediate feedback in the classroom during the learning process is in most cases provided by the teacher. The importance of feedback even increases when students work with the digital learning materials independently in the classroom or at home. Moreover, ICT tools offer a great potential for detecting and eliminating students' mistakes. A notification of a concrete type of error in student's way of task solution and guiding students during the corrections of their solutions creates conditions for application of formative assessment which provides suggestions to students for improving their learning. The effectiveness of feedback depends on the way how the typical errors of students are taken into account and what way the appropriate hints are implemented in learning. Various forms of feedback should be implemented in the interactive learning materials in order to stimulate the active learning. In many available the digital learning materials there is often a minimal feedback provided on student´s solution of a certain task. This paper discusses the implementation of various types of feedback in an interactive mathematics learning environment. Even though the minimal feedback can stimulate the active learning, it may not be sufficient for some types of students who do not think deeply about their methods of problem solving. Higher levels of feedback are characterized by providing comments that depend on student's mistakes and by providing pieces of advice and other helpful additional information that are closely related to the solution of tasks. The diagnosis of typical student´s misconceptions was based on the analysis of the results of the prepared tests, which were given to students at high school. Demonstrations of the minimal feedback and higher levels of feedback are illustrated in the examples of fractions, percentages and investigation of function dependencies. The interactive learning materials are developed using Geogebra and MS Excel.


The invention provides a lighting device and a light source control circuit thereof, which are suitable for driving a plurality of first light-emitting diodes that are connected serially. The light source control circuit comprises a plurality of switch units, a feedback unit and a control unit, wherein the switch units correspond to the first light-emitting diode one to one and are respectively connected in parallel with the first light-emitting diodes correspondingly. The feedback unit and the first light-emitting diodes are serially connected between a system voltage and a grounding voltage, and the feedback unit provides a feedback voltage. The control unit is connected with the switch units and the feedback unit. The control unit selects one of a plurality of control sectors according to a feedback voltage and controls the connection quantity of the switch units.


In the municipality of Saboyá, Boyacá, Colombia, the number of Haematobia irritans flies, coat temperature, respiratory rate, motor activity, flight distance, level of dirt and occurrence of subclinical mastitis were evaluated as indicators of animal welfare in Holstein cows reared in a silvopastoral system (association of Cenchrus clandestinus and Alnus acuminata) and a traditional system based on grazing C. clandestinus in monoculture. Monthly samplings were carried out between August 2015 and May 2016 in 20-30 lactating cows selected at random in each farm. The data were analyzed using generalized linear regression models. The number of flies per animal was higher (p<0.05) in the traditional system compared to the silvopastoral system (56 ± 47.5 and 44 ± 40.0 flies/animal, respectively); the average coat temperature in the animals of the traditional system was 37.4 oC, while 33.8 oC in the silvopastoral system (p<0.05). There were no differences in respiratory rate. Cows had higher feed intake during the first hours of the day in both systems. The creepage distance and level of dirt were lower in the silvopastoral system (p<0.05), while the percentages of subclinical mastitis were similar between the two systems. Silvopastoral systems favour the expression of animal welfare indicators due to the presence of trees in paddocks, which offer diversification of the ecosystem and generate better conditions for the permanence of cows in grazing.


This thesis develops the theory of continuous-time generalized AR(1) processes and presents their use for non-normal time series models. The theory is of dual interest in probability and statistics. From the probabilistic viewpoint, this study generalizes a type of Markov process which has a similar representation structure to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process (or continuous-time Gaussian AR(1) process). However, the stationary distributions can now have support on non-negative integers, or positive reals, or reals; the dependence structures are no longer restricted to be linear. From the statistical viewpoint, this study is dedicated to modelling unequally-spaced or equallyspaced non-normal time series with non-negative integer, or positive, or real-valued observations. The research on both the probabilistic and statistical sides contribute to a complete modelling procedure which consists of model construction, choice and diagnosis. The main contributions in this thesis include the following new concepts: self-generalized distributions, extended-thinning operators, generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stochastic differential equations, continuous-time generalized AR(1) processes, generalized self-decomposability, generalized discrete self-decomposability, P-P plots and diagonal P-P plots. These concepts play crucial roles in the newly developed theory. We take a dynamic view to construct the continuous-time stochastic processes. Part II is devoted to the construction of the continuous-time generalized AR(1) process, which is obtained from the generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck stochastic differential equation, and the proposed stochastic integral. The resulting continuous-time generalized AR(1) process consists of a dependent term and an innovation term. The dependent term involves an extended-thinning stochastic operation which


Introduction 1. The European Issue in British Politics 2. The Cauldron: Conservative Parliamentarians and European Integration 3. A 'Rosy' Map of Europe? Labour Parliamentarians and European Integration 4. The Liberal Democrats and European Integration 5. Member State or Euro-Region: The SNP, Plaid Cymru, and Europe 6. The Integration of Labour? British Trade Union Attitudes to European Integration 7. British Business: Managing Complexity 8. Civil Service Attitudes Towards the European Union 9. The British Press and European Integration 1948 to 1996 10. Britain Viewed From Europe Conclusion


Solar cell provides a semiconductor substrate having a front side surface of the accommodating a rear side surface and the radiation having a second bonding structure in the first part second area of the first bonding structure and the substrate in a first region of said substrate. The second area forms a border portion on a portion of the first region. The first engagement structure includes a first conductivity type semiconductor layer that covers the first region portion. The second engagement structure includes a second conductive type semiconductor layer that covers the second area portion. The second conductivity type semiconductor layer of the second bonding structure is separated by the first of the first conductivity type semiconductor layer and partly overlaps with the second overlapping portion the first dielectric layer of the conductive type semiconductor layer of the first bonding structure, wherein claim is in a portion of the first conductive type semiconductor layer. The second conductivity type portion of the first conductive type semiconductor layer under the overlapping portion of the semiconductor layer contacts the semiconductor surface of the substrate jeokjeop.


BACKGROUND
Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV+) persons; the best timing for immunization with respect to initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unknown.

METHODS
Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in HIV+ with CD4(+) T cells/µL (CD4) ≥ 200 randomized to receive the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) or placebo at enrollment, followed by placebo or PPV23, respectively, 9-12 months later (after ≥6 months of ART). Capsular polysaccharide-specific immunoglobin (Ig) G and IgM levels to serotypes 1, 3, 4, 6B, and 23F, and opsonophagocytic killing activity (OPA) to serotypes 6B and 23F were evaluated 1 month postvaccination.

RESULTS
One hundred seven subjects were enrolled, 72 (67.3%) were evaluable (36/group). Both groups had significant increases in pre- to 1-month postvaccination IgG levels, but negligible to IgM, and significant increases in OPA titers to serotype 6B but not to 23F. There were no significant differences between groups in serotype-specific IgM or IgG levels or OPA titers. For the combined groups, there was a significant correlation between serotype-specific IgG and OPA titers to 23F but not to 6B. There was no correlation between CD4, viral load and IgG responses.

CONCLUSIONS
In HIV+ with CD4 ≥ 200, delaying PPV23 until ≥6 months of ART does not improve responses and may lead to missed opportunities for immunization.


Background: HDL cholesterol (HDLC) is an established marker of cardiovascular risk that possesses anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. It is unclear whether the anti-inflammatory quality of HDL i...


This research aimed to determine the influence of profitability, liquidity, sales growth, managerial ownership on debt policy with free cash flow as moderating variable of cement companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2007-2016. Population of this research is all cement companies that go public, listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange in the period 2007-2016. Sampling method used jenuh sampling method or sensus. This research used a sample of 37 or 5 cement companies. Types of data used in secondary data of Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). Analyze technique used multiple linear regression analyze. This result of this research with regression analyze are: profitability, liquidity significant influence and negative on debt policy. Sales growth significant influence and positive on debt policy. Managerial ownership no significant influence on debt policy. When free cash flow was used as moderating variable, managerial ownership had significant influence. Free cash flow, therefore, can be a moderating variable strengthening and weakening the influence of managerial ownership on debt policy.
Keywords: Profitability, Liquidity, Sales Growth, Managerial Ownership, Free Cash Flow, Debt Policy.


The education of children with special needs is one area of the curriculum which has undergone significant change since 1993. The shift to educating such students where possible in the mainstream has necessitated changes to school policy. Policies requiring accountability and educational standards have made teachers more aware than ever of the need to provide quality education for all students. Often when a special needs child is placed in the school system, one of the first classes the child may be included into is the general music education class. However, it is difficult to ascertain what provision is made for the special needs student in the music education class. It is the aim of this research to investigate the provision of music education for children with special needs who attend educational support centres in the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. To this end music specialist teachers and special education teachers were surveyed regarding their attitudes towards the value of music education for the special needs child. The survey also ascertained the music qualifications special education teachers possess, the practical experience music specialists had in teaching music to children with special needs and the approaches used to teach music in the classroom.


There were some sentences of "shi 〓"( 是 〓) found in Divination about Astronomical and Meteorological Phenomena unearthed in Mawangdui,and in ri shu· jia zhong( 日书·甲种) from tombs of Qin Dynasty in Shuihudi,and also in ri shu · yi zhong( 日书·乙种) from Qin tombs in Fangmatan,Tianshui. The word "shi〓"( 是〓) was generally interpreted as"shi shi "( 是是). From 2008,some scholars believed that the word should be interpreted as"shi wei"( 是谓). This explanation could not be accepted because it lacked enough supporting facts and violated social principles of language. The "shi〓"( 是〓) in unearthed literatures should be interpreted as "shi shi "( 是是).