Abstract : Physiologic research has explored the responses of humans to rotation and acceleration. The test vehicle was the Rotational Flight Simulator, an air bearing suspended sphere with unrestricted rotational freedom propelled by internally mounted inertia rings and, later, by a single axis external drive assembly. Engineering efforts established the dynamics and improved the control of the vehicle. Instrumentation was provided for the readout, display, and recording of significant data serving for physiologic evaluation and medical monitoring. The data were telemetered; pictorial display of the subject and two-way communication links were provided. A total of 138 experiments yielded valid physiologic and human performance information in a rotational environment from fractional to 16 rpm and for several minutes to a maximum of 30 minutes. The subjects consisted of 7 young, healthy males. Results indicated that the RFS properly used and instrumented represents a valuable and unique test vehicle; that changes in heart rate, and ECG readings depended on body position with respect to gravity; that electro-oculogram, subjective sensations, incipient nausea, and ability of the pilot to right the stationary sphere after tumbling--all depended on the rate, duration, and axis pattern of rotation.


An experiment in which a nuclear emulsion stack of 25 llford G-5 emulsion pellicles were exposed to 925-Mev He/sup 4./ nuclei is described. The tracks of the He nuclei entering the stack were followed in the stack until they interacted or stopped. From the data the scattering constants for He/sup 4/ and He/sup 3/ were calculated. (J R.D.)


Objective: To observe asprin's curative effect. Methods: Patients (n= 76) with unstable anginapectoris were treated with asprin 75mg (n=20), 150mg (n=26), 300mg (n= 30) per day for threemonths. The number of alpha-granule membrane protein 140 (GMP-140) molecules was detected byusing specific monoclonal antibodies (125I-SZ-51) against GMP-140 in three groups of patients before andafter treatment- The number of platelets was counted by using the routine method. They were comparedwith normal group (n=20). Results: The number of GMP-140 molecules decreased significantly and thenumber of platelets increased significantly after treatment with asprin, with the increase of asprin dosagethese two changes increased to higher degree (P0.01). Conclusion:It is a favourable prognosis for thepatients with unatable angina pectoris to use 300mg of asprin one day.


Background: Advancing age often goes hand in hand with a loss of autonomy, aggravated by the presence of multiple diseases and a condition of social isolation. Physically, there are changes which take place in human beings; bones become depreciated and osteoporosis appears, muscles degenerate, fat is redistributed and accumulated in specific parts of body such as the waist, and attitudes restructure. Objectives: To study the prevalence of functional disabilities among elderly patient populations and the source of elderly care provided in Dubai, UAE. Methodology: A cross sectional approach was utilized. It was conducted in Primary Health Care centres affiliated to Dubai Health Authority; including family, and geriatric clinics which provide elderly care. The minimum sample size required is 384. Stratified random sample with proportional allocation was utilized. The stratification was based upon the two medical regions of DHA (Deira and Burr Dubai), and clinic type (Geriatric, and Family clinics). Structured standard interview questionnaire was used. Results: 27.5% of elderly patients were partially or completely dependent in 3 functions or more according to Katz index of activities of daily living (Bathing, dressing toileting, transfer, continence and feeding) while the remaining 72.5% were either totally independent or dependent in one or two functions. All elderly patients mentioned that PHC/DHA is the usual source of care (99.2%). Hospital/DHA was the second source of care by males, females and overall (59.3%, 62.2% and 60.9% respectively). More elderly males (15%) as compared to only 6.5% of females claimed that seeking for care abroad was the usual source of care. Conclusions: It is concluded that functional disabilities among elderly patient population is quite high and relevant to the nature of function, most of the elderly patient seeking care service at governmental PHC facilities followed Governmental hospitals. Recommendations: Proper designing of the new PHC centers, and manipulating the already present ones to be more age-friendly by assuring easy accessibility, providing enough parking areas and devoting some of them to elderly, posters (educational posters) used in the center, and number of bathrooms and other facilities.


Presentations at the annual spring meeting of The Danish Society for Rheumatology, Rungstedlund, April 25 – 26, 2003 CONNECTIVE TISSUE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND UNCLASSIFIED POLYARTHRITIS T Jensen, M Klarlund, M Hansen, KE Jensen, H Skjødt, L Hyldstrup, the TIRA group. Departments of Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Hvidovre University Hospital; Department of Rheumatology, Glostrup University Hospital; Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Objectives: To determine the serum levels of biochemical markers of synovial inflammation, cartilageand bone-metabolism, and to correlate these levels with early joints erosions and bone mineral density (BMD) of the metacarpals in patients with early RA and unclassified polyarthritis. Methods: Fifty-one patients with early RA and 21 patients with unclassified polyarthritis (UP) were followed at monthly intervals for up to 2 years. Synovial inflammation and cartilage degradation was assessed by serum metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3); cartilage and bone metabolism by serum pyridinoline (Pyd). BMD was measured by digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR). Bone erosions in hands were determined by X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The mean level of serum MMP3 at inclusion and during the first 6 months was significantly elevated in patients with RA compared to patients with UP. Patients with consistently active disease during the first 6 months (n~28) had significantly higher mean levels of serum MMP3 and Pyd during the study period compared with patients with inactive disease (n~22). Patients with erosive disease had significantly higher mean levels of serum MMP3 during the observation period. The 24-months mean levels of MMP3 and Pyd correlated significantly with the changes of DXR-BMD during the study period (r~20.41, r~20.56). Conclusions: Serum levels of MMP3 and Pyd seem to be correlated to disease activity, periarticular osteoporosis, measured by DXR, and progression in radiological scores, and may be valuable tools in clinical rheumatology. A NORWEGIAN AND TWO DANISH NATIONAL TWIN STUDIES ON ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: PRELIMINARY REPORT OB Pedersen, AJ Svendsen, L Ejstrup, J Harris, JT Gran, P Junker. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Center of Rheumatic Diseases, The National Hospital, Norway; and The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Norway. Objective: To estimate the influence of genetic factors in the aetiopathogenesis of AS and PsA. Methods: The study comprises three Danish and one Norwegian population-based, nationwide twin cohorts. In 1994, 37388 Danish twins born 1920 – 41 and 1953 – 76 were asked by questionnaire if they had AS or PsA. The same cohort, plus twins born during 1931 – 52 (a total of 46331) received the same questionnaire in 2002. In 1998, 12700 Norwegian twins born 1967 – 79 were similarly asked if they had AS by a questionnaire phrased according to the Danish omnibus. Main outcome measures were the probandwise concordance rate of AS or PsA in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. Results: In 1994 28 Danish twins reported AS, and 103 PsA. In 2002 there were 58 additional twins reporting AS, and 127 PsA. In the Norwegian twin study 28 twins reported AS. There were no concordant MZ pairs among the Danish twins with AS or PsA in either study. Among Norwegian twins, 2/7 MZ pairs were concordant for AS. There were no concordant DZ pairs in the Norwegian study. Compiling Norwegian and Danish data 2/21 MZ pairs and 1/62 DZ pairs were concordant for AS, rendering a non-significant difference in proportions at 14% (95% confidence interval~22 to 30%). Conclusion: These data based on self-reported disease suggest that genetic factors are less important in the aetiopathogenesis of AS and PsA than is currently assumed. AUTOANTIBODIES AND RHEUMATIC COMPLAINTS IN RELATIVES TO SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS: A COMMUNITY-BASED APPROACH H Laustrup, N Heegaard, A Voss, A Green, S Lillevang, P Junker. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Department of Autoimmunology, State Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Department of Epidemioloy and Social Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. Objective: To determine the prevalence of autoantibodies and selfreported rheumatic complaints in relatives derived from a populationbased lupus cohort. Methods: A complete county-based lupus cohort was retrieved from four separate sources, yielding 72 patients with definite SLE (DSLE)(84%) and 14 with incomplete SLE (I-SLE)(16%). All available first-degree-relatives (fdrs) and spouses w17 years of age were invited to fill in a questionnaire regarding rheumatic complaints and to deliver a blood sample for autoantibody determination. Serum was analysed for ANA (indirect immunofluorescence on Hep-2 cells, at serum dilution 1:80 and 1:160), anti-dsDNA, IgM RF, ACA (IgM, IgG), anti-beta2-GP1 (IgM and IgG) and anti-prothrombin antibodies. Results: A total of 275/375 (73%) relatives agreed to enter the study. Forty-nine/sixty (82%) were spouses, and 226/315 (72%) were fdrs. Twenty-three/226 (10%) fdrs tested positive for ANA at 1:160 and 55/ 226 (24%) at 1:80 versus controls 5/200 (2.5%) (pv0.01) and 10/200 (5%) (pv0.001) respectively. Only two spouses tested ANA positive at 1:80 (pv0.01 versus fdrs, p~0.91 versus controls). ANA positivity in fdrs occurred randomly, irrespective of family relationship. Fifty-three/ 184 versus 2/32 fdrs to D-SLE and I-SLE patients respectively tested ANA positive at 1:80 (pv0.05). Seven fdrs had multiple autoantibodies versus none among spouses. The prevalence of ANA was highest among fdrs to lupus probands with high SLICC score (pv0.05). Self-reported rheumatic complaints and cardiovascular/ thromboembolic events were more frequent among fdrs than in spouses. Conclusion: The finding of an increased prevalence of ANA among fdrs to an unselected cohort of lupus patients supports previous evidence of an increased propensity for autoantibody production in relatives of clinic-based patients. An effect of shared environment on ANA production among lupus patients and their spouses appears to be negligible, assessed by the low ANA prevalence in spouses. ANA seropositivity in fdrs is related to the criterial burden and cumulated damage among the corresponding lupus probands. EFFECT OF EXPERIMENTAL SHOULDER PAIN ON MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING MOVEMENTS LP Diederichsen, AKN Winther, P Dyhre-Poulsen, MR Krogsgaard, J Nørregaard. Sports Medicine Research Unit, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Department of Medical Physiology, Copenhagen University, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark. Objectives: It has been suggested that pain in the musculoskeletal system influences muscle activity. However, changes in muscular Scand J Rheumatol 2003;32:259–260 259 www.scandjrheumatol.dk # 2003 Taylor & Francis on license from Scandinavian Rheumatology Research Foundation activation during acute or chronic shoulder pain have not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of experimentally induced pain on the muscle activity of the shoulder muscles. Materials and methods: Seven healthy young men (aged 22 – 27 years) without a history of current or previous shoulder injuries participated in the study. Wire electrodes were inserted into the supraspinatus and the infraspinatus muscles and surface electrodes were placed over six superficially located shoulder muscles for electromyographic (EMG) recordings. After performing maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs), dynamic abductions and external rotations, the subjects were given a hypertonic saline injection in the supraspinatus to induce pain and thereafter the movements were repeated. Subjects were also given a hypertonic saline injection subacromially and again performed the dynamic tests. Pain intensity was measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) during the test movements. Results: During dynamic abduction, all the shoulder muscles showed increased EMG activity when pain was induced experimentally in the shoulder. The increased muscular activity was indifferent to the location of pain induction. When pain was induced subacromially and the subjects performed external rotation, the muscles showed higher activity than when the pain was induced in the supraspinatus muscle. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that experimental pain increases muscle activity during movements. This changed muscle activity indicates that pain has a strong influence on the motor function of the shoulder muscles during voluntary activity. INTENSIVE PHYSICAL TRAINING IN POST-OPERATIVE ELDERLY PATIENTS: A CONTROLLED RANDOMIZED TRIAL C Suetta, P Magnusson, A Rosted, P Aagaard, AK. Jacobsen, U Dalgas, J Berget, B Duus, M Kjaer. Sports Medicine Research Unit, Team Denmark Test Center, Departments of Radiology and Department of Orthopaedics, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. Objectives: It is well known that immobilization due to hospitalization and major surgery causes a severe decline in both muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle function. Despite the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in the elderly that require surgery, regimes for optimal rehabilitation remain unknown. This study compares the addition of unilateral resistance training (RT) or electrical stimulation (ES) of the quadriceps muscle to a standard rehabilitation (SR) programme after hip-replacement surgery. Methods: Thirty-seven patients (aged 60 – 86 years) scheduled for unilateral hip replacement due to arthrosis were randomized to either 1) RT (3/weeke12 weeks), 2) ES (1 h/daye12 weeks) or 3) SR (1 h/ daye12 weeks). Patients were tested pre-surgery, 5 and 12 weeks postsurgery. Measurement outcomes were; length of stay in hospital (LO


Management of forest resources cannot be separated from the character attributes of the community. In the arena of community forest action, access to forest resources, which is a people's livelihood, is an important element. The study aimed to analyze the performance of the local community attributes towards community welfare and examine the stratification of community land ownership. This research was carried out in the qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis showed that 41.56% of the community forest farming groups classified as land-owners. Based on the strata of land ownership showed that 70% in the third strata, which was land-ownership of less than 0.5 ha. This study concluded that the institutional of local community was relatively low because not effective in regulating community behavior. These indicated by the low performance achieved on the welfare of the community, the low ownership of the area of arable land, and the level of welfare of the local community falls into the category of poor and low community education.


The measurement of the Impact Insulation Class (IIC) rating of any floor/ceiling construction requires the use of a certified laboratory space. In a recent investigation into the IIC rating of a new floor system, several tests were conducted in a certified laboratory. In many tests, the IIC rating was controlled by the 100‐Hz 1/3‐octave frequency band, despite changes in the floor/ceiling construction. The base floor/ceiling construction included a wood structural floor on open‐web wood joists and a GWB ceiling below. This paper will investigate the possibility that room resonances influenced the IIC ratings of the several floor systems tested. These data will be compared with IIC data collected for the same floor construction with the GWB ceiling removed. The removal of the GWB ceiling increased the receiver room volume and exposed the glass fiber insulation to the receiver room, thus eliminating the control of the 100‐Hz 1/3‐octave band over the IIC rating.


Modelling problems using predicates that induce a partial order among global states was introduced as a way to permit asynchronous execution in multiprocessor systems. A key property of such problems is that the predicate induces one lattice in the state space which guarantees that the execution is correct even if nodes execute with old information about their neighbours. Unfortunately, many interesting problems do not exhibit lattice linearity. This issue was alleviated with the introduction of eventually lattice linear algorithms. Such algorithms induce a partial order in a subset of the state space even though the problem cannot be defined by a predicate under which the states form a partial order. This paper focuses on analyzing and differentiating between lattice linear problems and algorithms. It also introduces a new class of algorithms called fully lattice linear algorithms . These algorithms partition the entire reachable state space into one or more lattices and the initial state locks into one of these lattices. Thus, under a few additional constraints, the initial state can uniquely determine the final state . For demonstration, we present lattice linear self-stabilizing algorithms for minimal dominating set and graph colouringproblems, and a parallelprocessing latticelinear 2-approximation algorithm for vertex cover. The algorithmforminimal dominating set converges in 𝑛 moves, and that for graph colouring converges in 𝑛 + 2 𝑚 moves. These algorithms preserve this time complexity while allowing the nodes to execute asynchronously and take actions based on old or incon-sistent information about their neighbours. They present an improvement to the existing algorithms present in the literature. The algorithm for vertex cover is the first lattice linear approximation algorithm for an NP-Hard problem; it converges in 𝑛 moves


Objective To discuss the diagnose and operativ e treatme nt technology of a kind of pe-culiar tipe of complicated posterio r fracture of a cetabulum.Methods 2cases of longitudinal acetabular fracture on coronal positi on were re ported.CT and 3-DCT were performed b efore operation to understand the classification of the fracture and t o determine the scheme of operative.F racrures were reducted through posterior approach and fixed by reconstructio n p lates and screws.Results2cases were respectively followed u p for1and 1.5y ear.Curative effect were a ssessed by Maffa' s meathod.2cases were all excell ent and sciatic nerve injury occurred in both cases,one case recovered.Conclu sion Longitudinal fracure through poste rior colum and posterior wall of acetabu l um is a peculiar kind fracture.It was difficult discovered by X ray,but can be decected by CT and 3-DCT.Operativ e treatment is effective.Sciatic nerve injury usually occurred in this kind of fracture for the anatomic characteristic .


The invention relates to methods and devices in which a B1 magnetic field control is carried out within an MRI sequence.


The discourse of Islamic education in the era has become daily topics menu of Islamic thinkers and educatorors. The question deals with the problem on whether Islamic education has prospects this time, or if Islamic education will go bankruptcy. Noting the spiritual thirst of modern society, poor guidance, and their need to get solution to the various problems of everyday life, the role of Islamic education is vital. Religion and education are two things that are related and complementary. Religion in national education systems essentially becomes part of the curriculum, because religion is intended to develop true Indonesians, "Indonesians who are faithful and devoted to God Almighty". In addition, the most fundamental of Islamic eeducation in schools is the expectation of producing human beings who really understand religion as well as to implement in life indicated partly by promoting peace, tolerance, fairness and honesty.


Nowadays in Chile, initial education, and mainly its pedagogical management, is located in a new scene that demands from educators more human abilities than technical functionality to adjust to impressions, emergencies, uncertainty and the complexity of the epistemological children steps; to understand how children learn, how they get into knowledge and what kind of strategies they use to achieve it, is fundamental to contribute to a quality educational system. Although some curricular reforms and innovations in initial education have been tried in Chile, with the firm purpose to improve the quality of educational system, it is not clear yet what is it that obstructs reaching the learning achievements and jeopardizes the quality of this system. In this scenario, it is interesting to focus on child games, to describe the kind of interaction -social and with the environmentwhich emerges from this recreational dimension, and also try to discover * Tesis doctoral en curso. Doctorado en Mediación Pedagógica. ULS. Artículo publicado dentro del contexto del proyecto FONDECYT 1080073: "Complejidades educativas emergentes y caóticas en la escuela lineal". ** Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Polis, Revista de la Universidad Bolivariana, Volumen 9, No 25, 2010 244 epistemological signs there; finding at the informal spaces where children games are develop, some approximations that can give us epistemological context, will allow us to know that "adult" practices used on formal educational spaces do not impact significantly in children's learning processes.


Background The United Kingdom reported the emergence of a new and highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variant (B.1.1.7) that rapidly spread to other countries. The impact of this new mutation—which occurs in the S protein—on infectivity, virulence, and current vaccine effectiveness is still under evaluation. Objective The aim of this study is to sequence SARS-CoV-2 samples of cases in Romania to detect the B.1.1.7 variant and compare these samples with sequences submitted to GISAID. Methods SARS-CoV-2 samples were sequenced and amino acid substitution analysis was performed using the CoV-GLUE platform. Results We have identified the first cases of the B.1.1.7 variant in samples collected from Romanian patients, of which one was traced to the region of the United Kingdom where the new variant was originally sequenced. Mutations in nonstructural protein 3 (Nsp3; N844S and D455N) and ORF3a (L15F) were also detected, indicating common ancestry with UK strains as well as remote connections with strains from Nagasaki, Japan. Conclusions These results indicate, for the first time, the presence and characteristics of the new variant B.1.1.7 in Romania and underscore the need for increased genomic sequencing in patients with confirmed COVID-19.


Wave forces on rocky shores can be an important agent structuring the ecology of inter- tidal communities. Proximity to nearby structures, such as those formed by mussel beds, may buffer organisms from the full danger of wave forces. This experiment measured the reduction of wave forces experienced by an object due to a surrounding artificial mussel bed. By being situated within a small (5 cm in radius) bare patch in this bed, a test object 1 cm in diameter experienced 30 to 62% reduction in wave forces compared to an unsheltered object. The effect drops off as bare patch size increases and is not noticeable in patches with radii of 15 cm or larger. This level of force reduction is relevant for a number of species living on rocky shores since measured, unmitigated wave forces exceed published tenacity values of many organisms. Thus, providing protection from wave forces offers a physical mechanism by which mussel beds help structure intertidal communities.


An attempt is made to combine, in this written paper and in the multimedia presentation to the conference participants, an experience of the extra-ordinarily rich early Scottish settlements of which little is known or understood throughout mainland Europe. The text of the paper is unillustrated and historical in character; the conference presentation will be in multimedia and will discuss how the technology has been used to show and explain the physical development of early communities in Scotland. This paper provides an historical context in which the paper on Skara Brae can be put in a context of settlement in some of the most northerly parts of our European continent. Introduction Modern Scotland comprises that part of Britain which lies to the North of the Cheviot Hills. It is an area that possesses complex landforms and geomorphology, to the extent that variety of scenery is one of Scotland's greatest natural assets. There are strong contrasts between the east and west coast, but the basic divisions of the mainland of Scotland are the geological fault-lines which run southwest-northeast. The division is following: • SOUTHERN UPLANDS • CENTRAL LOWLANDS • HIGHLANDS • HEBRIDEAN ISLANDS (OFF THE WEST COAST) • NORTHERN ISLES (ORKNEY AND SHETLAND). Historical Development of Landscape The end of the Ice Age with its accompanying rise in temperature brought considerable changes in flora and fauna. Open grasslands were replaced by dense woodland, and reindeer were replaced by red deer and wild cattle. This was the environment encountered by the earliest human visitors to Scotland, and it was initially exploited as hunting grounds and latterly adjusted by forest clearance to meet the needs of farming communities. Coastal pastures were very attractive to animal and human communities; good grass, seaweed and light soils for easy cultivation, together with exploitation of the sea as a food resource, accounts for concentration of human settlements in such areas.


In my first essay, I find a statistically and economically significant director-specific component in CEO pay following the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). In the cross-section of firms, directors that award relatively higher (lower) CEO pay in one firm also award relatively higher (lower) CEO pay in other firms of whose boards they are members during the year. Based on my estimates, the director-specific component is responsible for around ±3.5% of total CEO pay or around ±$230,000 per CEO-year on average. In addition to affecting CEO pay levels, the director-specific component also has a significant effect on the changes and the composition of CEO pay, thus affecting CEO incentives. I pursue two potential explanations for our findings—changes in board composition and changes in director behavior after SOX. I do not find evidence that the director-specific component in CEO pay is due to changes in board composition. Instead, I find evidence that the director-specific component in CEO pay is due to changes in director behavior related to the additional risks and employment concerns imposed on directors after SOX. My findings are consistent with the view that SOX discourages directors from taking risks when awarding CEO pay and so directors award CEO pay that they can more easily justify through direct experiences in other firms. These findings have wide implications about the importance of directors in setting CEO pay, the existence of agency problems within the board, and the consequences of regulation in general and SOX in


Maintenance is an ongoing process for any system with the purpose to maintain its given function during its lifetime. Since maintenance is an integrated part of the business process, correctly perf ...


San Dionisio Parish church is one of the main pieces of heritage in the city of Jerez de la Frontera (Cadiz, Spain). In the beginning of the 21st century, some columns of the church showed symptoms of damage by compressive stresses. Due to this fact, the temple was closed to the public. In 2005 a complete research began in order to find the causes of the damage. As a result, a restoration plan was proposed.

The applied method for repairing the structure was grout injection with the sleeve port pipe. It has the advantage of the higher pressures that can be applied when compared with other previously documented injection techniques. In this way, a better homogenization and improvement of the masonry mechanical properties are achieved.

This paper describes the research carried out to identify the causes of the damage, the repair of the structure and its effectiveness.


Both groups began their deliberations by attempting definitions of what is meant by such terms as &dquo;evolving communities&dquo;, &dquo;community organization&dquo; and &dquo;community development&dquo;. It was recognized that this particular aspect of social work's practice and training, in all parts of the world, is still the least clarified and the least systematized. The wealth of dynamic experience contributed in the discussions should be captured and documented for use in arriving at formulations for course content.


In this paper, we propose to use mobile agent paradigm for reducing and aggregating data in MHWSN. First, we describe the feature of MHWSN and mobile agent. We use health care application as the background. Then we describe the process of deploying the mobile agent in MHWSN. The proposed architecture is called mobile agent based medium and high rate WSN (MA based MHWSN). Extensive simulation shows that MA based MHWSN exhibits better performance than client/server communications in terms of energy consumption.


1. The grassland environment 2. The genesis of the Nomads 3. The Nomadic experiment 4. The ascendancy of the market 5. The wild and the tamed 6. The return of the bison.


The most productive way to increase the availability of single frequency users of the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) is by decreasing the Grid Ionospheric Vertical Error (GIVE). Currently the GIVE's are very conservative, since WAAS has to protect against the worst possible case of ionospheric behavior given the measurements. By characterizing more accurately the vertical ionospheric delay model in nominal conditions and by better defining the 'well sampled' regions we can be less conservative while maintaining integrity. It has been shown previously that an ionosphere estimation algorithm based on kriging could address these two issues efficiently. In quiet conditions, the kriging method produces at each location an estimate of the Vertical Ionospheric Delay and a confidence bound on the estimate. The confidence bounds obtained seem to be close to the lower limit of what is possible within the thin shell model –before the storm detector is applied. In addition to that, the particular behavior of the kriging variance at the edge of coverage can be used to mitigate the non-stationarity of Total Electron Content (TEC) during storms. To do that, one can either define a 'well sampled' region or use it as a metric of coverage. As it has been described, the algorithm would require the user to know at all times the location of all Ionospheric Pierce Points (IPPs). Unfortunately, there is not enough bandwidth for the user to receive all of this information nor would this be efficient. Instead, the user receives a grid of points, the Ionospheric Grid Points (IGPs), which is updated every 5 minutes. For each satellite, the user interpolates both the delay and the GIVEs from the four closest IGPs. However, kriging gives an optimal estimate only at the IGPs, and the kriging variance is only valid at the IGPs. Therefore the delay computed by the user is not optimal, and the confidence bound will necessarily change as we depart from the IGP. In this study, we present a calculation of the GIVE for the kriging method that protects the user at any location. Results of the algorithm will be shown using ionospheric data collected from the WAAS reference stations. We will show that, even after the increase in confidence bound caused by the grid, we can still generate GIVEs below .6 m inland and 1 m in coastal regions. INTRODUCTION The most important attribute of the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) is integrity [1]. Along with the corrections broadcast to the user, WAAS sends strict confidence bounds on those corrections under all conditions. For example, the ionospheric information included in the WAAS message enables the user to correct for the ionospheric delay in each pseudo-range and know accurately the interval in which the true delay lies. Unfortunately, the vast range of ionospheric behavior [2] and the fact that the ionosphere is irregularly sampled have forced these confidence intervals to be very conservative [3]. Now, to reduce the conservativeness, we need to understand better the spatial characteristics of the ionosphere. Within the thin shell approximation [4], each ray path has a corresponding Ionospheric Pierce Point (IPP) and each measurement is converted to an equivalent vertical ionospheric delay. It has been shown that the nominal ionosphere can be well characterized by a planar trend and a random gaussian field with a covariance depending on distance [5]. The minimum mean square estimator corresponding to this structure is called kriging [6]. For each location, kriging provides a confidence bound. In [5], an algorithm for WAAS based on kriging was sketched. This work showed that the confidence bounds where both safe and significantly smaller than the current confidence bounds. This algorithm reused extensively elements of the current WAAS algorithm, in particular the storm detector [7]. A problem with the straight forward implementation of the kriging algorithm is that it supposes the user has all the IPP measurements. In fact, the WAAS user receives the corrections according to the WAAS Minimum Operational Standard (MOPS) which specifies that the ionosphere information be sent in a grid of 5 by 5 degrees in the thin shell at a height of 350 km [7]. At each node of the grid the user receives a vertical ionospheric grid delay (IGD) and a grid ionospheric vertical error (GIVE). The user calculates each of the ionospheric delays corresponding to the satellites in sight as well as the confidence bounds from this grid, according to an algorithm which is also set in the WAAS MOPS. In order to make available the benefits of kriging to WAAS, we need to modify the algorithm presented in [5] such that it can be fit into the ionospheric grid. In the first part, we will review kriging assuming full knowledge of the IPP measurements; we will then show how to compute a GIVE for a kriging algorithm and, finally, we will show the gain in performance that kriging could provide. KRIGING ALGORITHM In this paper, we will skip the discussion about the storm detector. Here, it is sufficient to notice that the storm detector results on an inflation of the confidence bound in the case that the chi-square test passes. More information on the storm detector can be found in [7] and in [9] for a more detailed account of the influence of measurement noise on the chi-square detector. It was shown in [5] that a good model for the vertical ionospheric delay on the thin shell is a planar trend to which a random gaussian field [6], [10] is added, that is: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 1 2 east north I x a a x a x r x = + + + In this formula, I(x) is the vertical ionospheric delay at location x, the three coefficients a0, a1, and a2 describe the planar trend and r(x) is the random gaussian field. A nominal ionosphere is such that the field r(x) has a covariance C(x,y) that depends on the distance between x and y: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , E r x r y C x y C x y = = − Please refer to [5] to see how C was modeled and determined, and the appendix for the analytical expression. Now let us suppose that we have n IPP measurements. Each measurement has a noise pattern which is supposed to be known. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 1 2 east north k k k k k I x a a x a x r x n x = + + + + % Unlike r, n is uncorrelated from one location to another. Kriging gives the best linear unbiased estimate of the field I(x) for each point. The expression:


The purpose of this study is to analyze how much time delays in project implementation using the earned value analysis method and re-scheduling in the remaining implementation time using the project crashing method on the Sky House BSD+ Apartment construction project, BSD City, South Tangerang, Banten. The method used in this research is the Earned Value Analysis method and the Project Crashing method. The results showed that the time performance in the implementation of this project work was delayed in the 4th week to the 32nd week, with a negative value of the Schedule Variant (SV) of Rp.20,727,722,053.85 and the Time Performance Index (SPI) value is less than 1 that is 0.46 (SPI= 0.46<1). Thus, the normal time duration becomes 258 days and causes an increase of 98 calendar days from the initial project schedule. After the project runs or lasts for 32 weeks or 160 working days, re-scheduling is carried out by increasing the number of workers using the Project Crashing method and it is found that it still takes a duration of 83 days, so that the total duration of Project Crashing becomes 243 days from normal time is 258 days. Thus, the acceleration of duration using the Project Crashing method obtained a total time efficiency of 15 days (saving time).


Purpose: Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by poikiloderma. photosensitivity. skeletal deformities, and other changes. It is also associated with an increased risk of malignancies, including osteosarcoma. Sixteen previous cases of RTS and osteosarcoma have been reported. Patient: A patient with RTS in whom multicentric osteosarcoma developed is described. After surgery and chemotherapy, a secondary malignant neoplasm (SMN) developed consistent with nasopharyngeal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Results: The patient was treated with anli-CD20 monoclonal antibody and is in complete remission. Conclusion: This is the first report of a patient with RTS treated for osteosarcoma in whom a SMN developed. Potential factors involved in this SMN include genetic predisposition and previous chemotherapy.


The determination of the structure of the title compound, C 5 H 9 N 3 , provides the first geometrical data for 5-amino-4-unsubstituted imidazoles. The amino group is planar and inclined at 45(3)° to the plane of the imidazole ring. The N3-C4 bond is slightly longer than that in imidazole and significantly longer than those in 5-nitroimidazoles. There is intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the amino substituents and the ring N atoms at position 3.


As an open economy, Indonesia is vulnerable to external economic shocks. In the past 14 years, the country has been hit by two big external economic crises, i.e. the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis and the 2008/09 global economic crisis, and currently it is facing the euro-zone debt crisis. This study, based on secondary data analysis, aims to examine Indonesian external trade response to these crises. The findings may suggest that trade response to an external economic crisis will depend on how the crisis affects exporting and importing firms, and the effects on the firms, in turn, will depend on the nature/type and main channels of the crisis. Obviously, as this study argues, there is no "homogenous trade response' to different types of economic crises, at least in the short-run (i.e. initial effects).


The pressure evolution of shock initiation for IHE′s JB9014 at ambient and -54℃ was investigated experimentally using embedded manganin gauges.The pressure evolution observed in JB9014 at -54 ℃ shows homogeneous initiation mechanism,by comparison,these observed in JB9014 at ambient temperature show a combination of homogeneous and heterogeneous initiation mechanism.The results show that JB9014 at -54℃ becomes signicantly less sensitive to shock than at ambient temperature and that JB9014 is less shock sensitive than PBX 9502 with same TATB/binder ratio at both ambient temperature and -54℃. [WT5HZ]


Taking Hypsizygus marmoreus as materials,the extracellular enzyme activities of carboxmethycellulase hemicellulase,β?glucosidase,amylase,laccase and manganese peroxidase at different growth stages of Hypsizygus marmoreus were studied,with two kinds of JUNCAO formula(Miscanthus floridulus,Dicranopteris pedata),and two conventional formula(sawdust and cotton seed hull).The results showed that the activity of H.marmoreus mycelium secretion of lignin enzymes(laccase,Mn-peroxidase)reached the maximum at the ripening stage of mycelium in each culture material,and the activity of non-ligninolytic enzyme reached the maximum at the mycelial reproductive stage.The activity of the same extracellular enzymes,secreted by H.marmoreus at different culture medium,were disparate in different growth period,the changing trends of lignin enzymes activity were imparity,the trend of Non-lignin enzyme activity were essentially same.The results indicated that the change of the activity of H.marmoreus mycelium secreted enzyme was closely related to growth period and periodical.The activities and changing tendency of lignin enzymes were related to the mycelial growth stage of H.marmoreus and the components of formula,meanwhile,the changing tendency of non-lignin enzymes activities of H.marmoreus were determined by the mycelium growth stage of H.marmoreus and could be affected by different formula.


Purpose: New working methods are demanded as there is an increasing digitalization needed amongst the facility management industry. The information needs to be searchable and accessible for the use ...


The Milky Way Galaxy contains an unknown number, N, of civilizations that emit electromagnetic radiation (of unknown wavelengths) over a finite lifetime, L. Here we are assuming that the radiation is not produced indefinitely, but within L as a result of some unknown limiting event. When a civilization stops emitting, the radiation continues traveling outward at the speed of light, c, but is confined within a shell wall having constant thickness, cL. We develop a simple model of the Galaxy that includes both the birthrate and detectable lifetime of civilizations to compute the possibility of a SETI detection at the Earth. Two cases emerge for radiation shells that are (1) thinner than or (2) thicker than the size of the Galaxy, corresponding to detectable lifetimes, L, less than or greater than the light-travel time, ∼100,000 years, across the Milky Way, respectively. For case (1), each shell wall has a thickness smaller than the size of the Galaxy and intersects the Galactic plane in a donut shape (annulus) that fills only a fraction of the Galaxy's volume, inhibiting SETI detection. But the ensemble of such shell walls may still fill our Galaxy, and indeed may overlap locally, given a sufficiently high birthrate of detectable civilizations. In the second case, each radiation shell is thicker than the size of our Galaxy. Yet, the ensemble of walls may or may not yield a SETI detection depending on the civilization birthrate. We compare the number of different electromagnetic transmissions arriving at Earth to Drake's N, the number of currently emitting civilizations, showing that they are equal to each other for both cases (1) and (2). However, for L < 100,000 years, the transmissions arriving at Earth may come from distant civilizations long extinct, while civilizations still alive are sending signals yet to arrive.


This paper proposed an integrated model of electricity price.Firstly,support vector machine,BP neural network and RBF neural network were used to forecast the electricity prices,then the forecasting results were integrated by support vector machine to get the final forecasting results.The simulation experiments were carried out with California price data.The proposed model improves the forecasting precision of electricity price and the results show that the proposed model provides a new way for the study on electricity price forecast.


Abstract. In the paper there are determined, for some classes defined by coefficient or analytic conditions, the sets of complex parameter γ, for which all the functions of the appropriate family have some geometrical properties. There are also provided the examples of the mappings showing that some inclusions between classes are impossible or confirming that sets of the parameter γ cannot be extended in some cases without loss of these geometric properties.


This article discusses the policy of resettlement in Uzbekistan during the Soviet era and its consequences. This resettlement policy provides a scientific analysis of the social status and demographic characteristics of the resettled households, especially in Surkhandarya region.


PoryGON is a value-added models factor for consumer-to-consumer-to-business (C2C2B) storage, trade, and exchange networks based on security software to protect inter-hospital patient information distribution. We describe the process of modifying the program to handle C2C2B type information exchange and use a simulated stock market with a central business and 10000 consumers to test the effects of the software relative to a simulation in its absence. Effects on business profitability were significantly and consistently positive, and the software at no point showed signs of reduced performance at the maximum operational demands of the simulation. PoryGON's utility as a digital adjuvant to C2C2B networks is demonstrated and elaborated on.


Abstract The progressive increase in the construction of long-span bridges in recent years has led to an increasingly detailed study of the aeroelastic effects observed for structural components such as decks, towers and cables. The greater flexibility due to larger spans and optimized cross sections result in critical wind speeds below the design wind speed and would have therefore a certain probability of occurrence during the service life. Such critical wind speeds should be increased by introducing some modification on the cross section geometry. Cables for suspension and cable-stayed bridges are subject to vibrations caused by galloping or gust effects, though these typically occur at high wind speeds. Flutter instability is driven by a fundamental vertical and torsional mode coupling at very high wind speeds. On the contrary, vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) are associated with a single vibration mode and are characteristic of a lower wind speed range. Vortex shedding causes amplitude-limited oscillations, as VIV is not aeroelastic instability. However, it can pose a danger to the structural integrity of the deck or discomfort to users, which would require the temporary bridge closure. Towers of cable-stayed and suspension bridges can also suffer this type of aeroelastic phenomenon. This paper examines the VIV phenomena on towers and decks in tandem configuration by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methods and experimental wind tunnel tests. This paper specifically discusses the influence of the gap that separates the two main sections and the presence of obstacles, as bracing elements, that affect the fluid–structure interaction and thus their aerodynamic properties. The choice of a proper geometry in the design stage can avoid such low-wind speed vibrations on sections in tandem arrangement.


Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a major part of the central nervous system (CNS) extracellular fluid, and fine regulation of its composition is vital to the brain's health. Despite over a hundred years of CSF dynamics study, many of its aspects are still insufficiently understood. It seems that today there are two concepts (1, 2) of CSF physiology: a) traditional hypothesis and b) microcirculatory/microvessel hypothesis.


A description is given of a vibrating capacitor probe that is UHV compatible, bakeable to 350 degrees C, and capable of movement in three dimensions for scanning measurements of the potential of specimen surfaces, such as on freshly cleaved NaCl single crystals. A novel pulse method of capacitor drive greatly reduces electromagnetic pick-up and enables reliable measurements to be made on poorly conducting specimen surfaces. Calibration curves show that probe output is a linear function of specimen surface potential for values up to 10 V, with a probe sensitivity of 4 mV over a specimen temperature range varying from room temperature to 450 degrees C. Evaluation of probe performance shows that freedom from random spurious signals makes the probe well suited for the purpose for which it was designed.


A novel sharp-rejection bandstop filter (BSF) based on signal interference technique integrating with conventional open stubs is proposed in this letter. The two paths are constructed by embedding a U-shaped short-circuited stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) structure in the traditional BSF with open stubs. The impedance ratio of the SIR can be tuned to control the bandwidth of the BSF. The ripple level and selectivity can be adjusted through regulating transmission lines impedance and the coupling coefficient. Four transmission zeros with sharp-rejection can be realized. The BSF is verified by circuit implementation and good agreement between the simulated and measured results can be observed.


The number of electronic queries about Medicare Part D beneficiary eligibility has dropped since the 6.5 million peak during the first week of implementation. But pharmacists were reminded of how the system works in a recent conference call set up by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.


In this paper the result of operational quality estimation for upstream channel of DOCSIS system in Cable TV network are presented.


The researchers conducted this study which evaluated the leadership styles of industrial engineers in pottery industries in Pampanga in the Philippines. The twenty-six (26) respondents were profiled and the correlation between each characteristic and the three leadership styles: autocratic, democratic, and free-reign (laissez-faire), was computed. After analyzing the results, it was observed that most of the respondents favored a democratic leadership style. Moreover, the researchers draw out that as the young IE supervisors tend to support free-reign leadership less as compared to older IE supervisors. Keywords— Autocratic, democratic, industrial engineering, leadership styles, pottery industries.


[1] We determined long-period gravimetric tidal parameters from 10 years of superconducting gravimeter observations at Syowa Station in Antarctica. The obtained amplitude and phase lead for the Mm wave were 6.106 ± 0.030 μGal (μGal = 10−8 m s−2), 0.32° ± 0.28°, respectively, and those for the Mf wave were 11.657 ± 0.018 μGal, 0.78° ± 0.09°, respectively. We also determined the parameters of other tidal constituents with periods of 6 to 32 days; Mqm, Msqm, Mtm, Mstm, Msf, Msm, and their frequency dependence was estimated by means of a weighted least squares method. The observed values, corrected by the four ocean tide models of Schwiderski, NAO.99L, FES99, and TPXO6.0, were compared with the theoretical values calculated from the elastic and inelastic solid Earth tide models by Dehant et al. Even though the values of the ocean tide corrections have relatively large discrepancies between the four models and it is still difficult to discuss the degree of inelasticity of the Earth for this frequency band, we can say that the observations favor the inelastic Earth model rather than the elastic model.


The utility model relates to a metal band sawing machine, in particular to a vertical metal band sawing machine. An online metal band sawing machine is characterized in that the machine comprises at least two parallel tracks 1, a base, at least two parallel tracks 2, a band sawing holder, a working table and a clamp, wherein, the strike direction of the two parallel tracks 1 is parallel to the draught direction of an ingot blank; the bottom of the base is provided with a guide track 1 which is matched with the track 1; at least two parallel tracks 2 are parallel to the cutting movement direction of a saw and are arranged on the base and the strike direction of at least two parallel tracks 2 is vertical to the strike direction of the tracks 1; the band sawing holder is vertical, the bottom of which is provided with guide tracks 2 which are matched with the tracks 2; the working table is arranged on the base by a bracket; the clamp is used for clamping a workpiece and is arranged on an adjustable support which is arranged on the base. The utility model solves the problem of the dimensioning cutting when the left and the right ingot blanks of two traction engines are asynchronous.


Purpose: Due to its size and locatin, the liver is frequently injured in abdominal trauma. Recently, nonoperative management for liver injuries has been extended due to the development CT imaging, intensive care units, and their equipment and techniques. Herein, patients with traumatic liver injury were analyzed to evaluate its treatment and prognostic factors. Methods: From 2001, January to 2003, July, 65 patients at our facility were confirmed to have traumatic liver injury. The operative or nonoperative managements were decided on the basis of the systolic blood pressure if no peritoneal irritation sign was noted. If the systolic blood pressure was stable, or recovered to within the normal range following hydration and transfusion at the emergency room, patients were managed nonoperatively. Hemodynamically unstable patients were managed operatively. The data were analysed using the SPSS program (Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses). Results: 48 patients were treated nonoperatively, with 3 mortalities. The overall mortality rate was 15.8%, but only 6.4% in the nonoperative management group, compared to 67% in operative management group. In a Multivariate analysis the systolic blood pressure was found to be a reliable factor in traumatic liver injury and the mentality and ISS (injury severity score) reliable in finding complications in the nonoperative management group. The mentality was found statistically reliable for determining mortality in the operative management group, with the exception for the systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The systolic blood pressure was an important indicator when considering the treatment plan in traumatic liver injury. An extensive study will be required that incorporates both nonoperative and operative management groups.


The use of removable appliances in modern clinical orthodontic practice can generally be considered an out-dated treatment modality for managing malocclusions. Their use and popularity has declined...


ABSTRACT A considerable body of studies on neoliberalism in higher education has conducted macro-level philosophical analyses regarding the effects of assessment regimes on university management. This article expands the literature by providing an important set of empirical findings pertaining to Hong Kong universities' coping strategies in preparing their academics for the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE 2020). Based on 16 in-depth interviews and document review at two universities in Hong Kong, this study reveals that the institutional preparation for the RAE 2020 can be considered as a multifaceted discourse that complexly interweaves managerialism and academic professionalism. This article further discusses how neoliberal forces, as manifested in the RAE 2020 policy, are locally interpreted, resisted and negotiated as they are shaped by different local contextual factors. The findings indicate the need for greater commitment to academic professionalism in research management and stress the importance of manager-academics' benign and mediating engagement in the coping process.


Structural collapse disasters routinely inspire sympathy not only for victims and their families, but also for heroic personnel who are faced with a tremendously complex, hazardous and often frustrating task environment. Military operations and rescue activities in the aftermath of recent earthquakes and bombings indicate a tremendous need for greater access. Recent developments in the remote inspection industry show great potential for employment of small robotic microrover systems in expanded roles for urban search and rescue. This paper discusses key issues in the application of robotic systems to search and rescue activities and discusses ongoing development of a knowledgebased for efficient management of automated search assets. It is designed to provide a robotic system that can combat in wars and other military purposes. In this paper, we propose a vision based technique that can be employed in case of hazardous condition where human beings cannot be employed. The main aim is to operate the robot which can work automatically on an object with a mechanical linkage. It identifies the intruders by using facial recognition technique. First using the technique of artificial intelligence the changes in the environment like fire, pit, obstacles, bomb and human live body are recognized. The robot is controlled from a remote location in addition to remote monitoring.


In the present work the spatiotemporal distribution of relics from extended colonies of sponges that were located and preserved within metamorphic rocks of the Plattenkalk Group of the External  Hellenides is presented and discussed. Based on reports regarding extensive occurence of sponges during Upper Jurassic in Europe, published and new data for the occurence of probable Demospongiae in mainly mountainous regions of Southern Péloponnèse and Crete are compiled. This data allow a better palaeoecological approach and a probable partial revision of the evolution of the palaeogeographical deposition area of an important part of the External Hellenides.


Charged BPS hypermultiplets can develop a non-trivial self-interaction in the Coulomb branch of the N = 2 supersymmetric gauge theory, whereas neutral BPS hypermultiplets in the Higgs branch may also have a non-trivial self-interaction in the presence of Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. The exact hypermultiplet low-energy effective action (LEEA) takes the form of the non-linear sigma-model (NLSM) with a hyper-Kähler metric. A non-trivial scalar potential is also quantum-mechanically generated at non-vanishing central charges, either perturbatively (Coulomb branch), or non-perturbatively (Higgs branch). We calculate the effective scalar potentials for (i) a single charged hypermultiplet in the Coulomb branch and (ii) a single neutral hypermultiplet in the Higgs branch. The first case corresponds to the NLSM with the Taub-NUT (or KK-monopole) metric for the kinetic LEEA, whereas the second one is attached to the NLSM having the Eguchi-Hanson instanton metric. Supported in part by the 'Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft' 2 On leave of absence from: High Current Electronics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademichesky 4, Tomsk 634055, Russia


The biological control agents (BCAs) Pseudomonas spec. L29-1-8, Serratia plymuthica DSM 12502, Streptomyces spec. 12424 and Streptomyces albidoflavus DSM 12500 were isolated from the rhizosphere of different crop plants, Pseudomonas spec. L29-1-8 from the rhizosphere of potato, Serratia plymuthica DSM 12502 from the rape rhizosphere and Streptomyces spec. 12424 and Streptomyces albidoflavus DSM 12500 from the rhizosphere of strawberry. The isolates were identified using morphological, physiological and molecular methods. On genera level the strain L29-1-8 was identified by FAME-analysis, BIO-LOG and sequencing of the 16S rDNA as Pseudomonas spec, and the strain DSM 12424 as Streptomyces spec, by morphological characterization and 16S rDNA sequencing. On species level the strain DSM 12500 was identified using phenotypical characterization as Streptomyces albidoflavus and the strain DSM 12502 as Serratia plymuthica by API-System, BIOLOG and comparison of 16S rDNA-sequence with the Serratia plymuthica type strain DSM 4540. Genotypic diversity among the isolates compared with other plant-associated isolates of the same species or genus was characterized by molecular fingerprinting methods using BOX-PCR and macrorestriction of genomic DNA and electrophoretic separation of DNA fragments by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Because of their unique fingerprints the biological control agents could be differentiated from other rhizobacteria of the same species or genus. The BCAs were characterized regarding their antagonistic properties. All investigated isolates showed an in vitro antagonism toward several fungal pathogens investigated by dual culture assay. Mechanisms of fungal inhibition were elucidated by tracing secondary-metabolite production and fungal cell wall-degrading activity. The streptomycetes DSM 12424 and DSM 12500 produced siderophores and antibiotics. Chitinolytic activity was measured by the Serratia plymuthica DSM 12502 and the streptomycetes. The production of plant growth promoting substances (plant-growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid) was proved for all strains and led to increased emergence rate and an improved growth and health of treated plants. The bacteria were able to suppress plant pathogenic fungi in different pathosystems (e.g., sugar beet - Rhizoctonia solani, sugar beet - Pythium ultimum, strawberry - Verticillium dahliae, lambs lettuce - Phoma valerianellae, cress and parsley - Alternaria spec.). The Streptomyces spec. strain DSM 12424 was patented in Germany. The strain was formulated as water dispersable granules containing spores and mycelium and was called Rhizovit®. For the isolates DSM 12500 (Streptomyces albidoflavus) and 12502 (Serratia plymuthica) patented as BCA-strains in Europe and USA and for the Pseudomonas spec, strain L29-1-8 a formulation is developing. The product Rhizostar® based on the strains DSM 12500 and DSM 12502 and the product Rhizovit® is evaluating in agricultural practice.


Introduction. Recent trends in business management involve the use of methods that rely on value creation as a result of managing production, financial, human, and natural resources, as well as intellectual and social capital in a short-, medium- and long-term perspective. This approach applied to corporate reports is supported by integrated reporting. Problem. The use of prospective information in integrated reporting promotes effective strategic decision-making and increases the significance of the study of forward-looking information disclosure in financial statements. The aim of the article is to study new directions of forward-looking information disclosure in the framework of integrated reporting and identify current trends in non-financial reporting. Methods. A combination of methods and approaches is applied, namely: dialectic, synthesis and comparative methods; system and institutional approaches, method of generalization, unity of historical and logical methods. Results. The prospective data, specified in most sections of integrated reports, contains both financial and non-financial information, qualitatively and quantitatively illustrates the direction of the company's development in a short-, medium- and long-term perspective. The forward-looking information serves as one of the sources of assessing the entity's potential to maintain continuous operation. Under martial law and in terms of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine, continuous operation as the basis for financial reporting is gaining critical importance. The article highlights the requirements to adjust business forecasts and plans when preparing corporate reports. Conclusions. The research on retrospective information disclosure focuses on the concept of integrated reporting, which allows for forecast indicators to support the correlation between current and prospective outcomes of the enterprise's activity and to determine the factors that change and retain the value of a business in a short, medium and long-term perspective.


This article has discussed the significance of supportive vocational education,explained the teaching experiment and necessary conditions of supportive vocational education.The experimental results show,the implementation of supportive vocational education for mental retarded pupils is feasible and necessary.


Will a carbon tax be promulgated into law by 2016? Government seems to think so. Finance Minister Nhlanlha Nene, in his February Budget speech, confirmed that a carbon tax would be implemented in 2016, and a draft Carbon Tax Bill would be published for public comment during the course of 2015.


Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that arises from smooth muscle cells. It comprises of 1% of all uterine malignancy. We report a case of 54 year old Postmenopausal women with 2 episodes of postmenopausal bleeding and was diagnosed with Leiomyosarcoma of uterus.


In this research, the performance of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) is investigated, considering the cone angle effects. In a HAWT with an ordinary pattern, all blades are located in one plate and the cone angle of the plate is zero. In the design of HAWTs, to prevent contact between the blades and the turbine's tower and considering the aero elasticity effects, the blades are installed on the shaft of the rotor using a cone angle, which has effects on the turbine's performance. We investigated the aerodynamic performance of the HAWT according to cone angle deviations, numerically. With a change in the blade's plate pattern, a cone-shaped volume is created. In this condition, the projected blade's length gets smaller and the blade's sections (vertical to the wind) become larger. The geometry of these sections was obtained with AutoCAD software. The performance of the turbine was analysed with Qblade software, and the results compared with each other. The output results of Qblade for the situation, in which the cone angle is considered, equal to the projected blade's length and the new sections for the projected airfoils within the zero cone angle investigated and compared. This research was carried out for two conditions: a blade with a constant chord and a blade with different chords through the length of the blade. The creation of the cone angle may be suggested as one approach for controlling the wind turbine.


An 18‐year‐old patient is described who presented with febrile neutropenia and hepatitis caused by minocycline therapy. This rare complication of minocycline‐induced lupus syndrome is discussed here.


No: 2390 Authors: Pavan Ramkumar1, Sanna Malinen1, Nuutti Vartiainen1, Yevhen Hlushchuk1, Nina Forss2, Eija Kalso3, Riitta Hari1 Institutions: 1Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science and Technology, Espoo, Finland, 2Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of science and Technology, Espoo, Finland, 3Dept. of Anaesthesia and Internal Care Medicine, Pain Clinic, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Espoo, Finland Introduction: A fifth of the western population suffers from chronic pain, the brain pathophysiology of which is still poorly understood. We recently found that patients suffering from chronic pain displayed both temporally and spatially aberrant activity evident in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Seed-based connectivity analysis revealed altered functional connectivity between the patients' insulae and anterior cingulate cortex (Malinen et al., under revision). To obtain further measures of brain connectivity in chronic pain, we estimated from the same fMRI data, hub maps that give an intuitive measure of information flow in complex networks (Bassett & Bullmore, 2006). Similar analysis on healthy subjects has identified consistent hubs in brain regions that have high metabolism and are susceptible to amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease (Buckner et. al., 2009). Methods: We analyzed 10-min runs of 3-T fMRI data from 8 patients (38¬–63 yrs; mean 49; 6 m, 2 f) suffering from chronic pain of different etiologies and from 8 healthy ageand gender-matched control subjects. Subjects were asked to rest quietly in the scanner with their eyes open. We measured 284 functional images (3 x 3 x 4 mm3 voxels, time to repeat 2 s) and a high-resolution anatomical image (1-mm slices, 256 x 256 matrix, field of view 26 cm). Data were realigned, normalized to the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) standard space, and smoothed with a 6-mm full-width half-maximum (FWHM) Gaussian filter (SPM2). We followed the approach of Buckner et al. (2009) by assuming that each voxel in the brain constitutes a vertex in an undirected graph. Edges were drawn between voxels whose de-trended time series were sufficiently strongly correlated (Pearson's R > 0.25). For each 10-min dataset, we computed a cortical hub map by assigning to each voxel its degreecentrality defined as the number of edges to/from it, normalized by the total number of vertices. We then compared the hub maps between the control and patient groups with a two-sample two-tailed Student's t-test. Clusters with p < 0.05 (false discovery rate corrected) and an extent of 100 or more voxels were considered statistically significant between groups. Results: We found statistically significant differences between the two subject groups in the degree-centrality measure of several brain regions. The most striking differences were seen in the bilateral posterior insulae, and the left anterior insula where the patient group had fewer hubs; Fig. 1 shows the corresponding t-map. The bilateral superior temporal regions and precuneus also differed between the groups. Our observations agree with the seed-based correlation analysis performed on the same dataset (Malinen et al. under revision). However, unlike in that analysis, we did not observe any connectivity difference in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Conclusions: Unlike seed-based analysis, mapping hubs of functional connectivity does not require one to specify regions of interest. However, the robustness of the obtained result with respect to the arbitrary threshold for Pearson's R, which was used to draw edges between vertices in the graph, remains to be studied. Our findings show that some, but not all, regions of the affective pain matrix of chronic pain patients may have a decreased role as functional hubs. Whereas similar decrease of connectivity was evident in the posterior insula of both hemispheres, the connectivity of the anterior insula was statistically significantly disrupted only in the left hemisphere. Perhaps the role of the insula in affective processing of pain is reflected in our observation of its decreased global connectivity. OHBM https://www.aievolution.com/hbm1001/index.cfm?do=abs.viewAbs&a... 1 / 2 29.1.2010 17:29 References: Bassett, D., et al. (2006), 'Small-world brain networks', The Neuroscientist, vol. 12, pp. 512-523. Buckner, R., et al. (2009), 'Cortical hub maps revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity: mapping, assessment of stability, and relation to Alzheimer's disease', Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 29, pp. 1860-1873. Malinen, S., et al. (under revision), 'Aberrant temporal and spatial brain activation during rest in patients with chronic pain'. Categories Pain and Autonomic Function (Sensory Systems) OHBM https://www.aievolution.com/hbm1001/index.cfm?do=abs.viewAbs&a... 2 / 2 29.1.2010 17:29


Sher L, Jennings L, Rudich S, Alexopoulos SP, Netto G, Teperman L, Kinkhabwala M, Brown RS Jr, Pomfret E, Klintmalm G; HCV‐3 Study Group. Results of live donor liver transplantation in patients with hepatitic C virus infection: the HCV 3 trial experience.
Clin Transplant 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2011.01561.x.
© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.


Astrosociology is a new and emerging field that is a significant departure in the study of human behavior and interaction. The development of this field is important because wherever there are humans in space, their society, culture, and psychology will follow and demand consideration in this new environment. As it currently stands, neither the social sciences nor the hard sciences can provide a suitable curriculum for this new field. This paper will suggest courses of study for both, an undergraduate level and a graduate level astrosociology program as well as possible difficulties and challenges that both professors and students could encounter. These difficulties could include issues with funding a program that could be considered "unusual" or "unnecessary," as well as the lack of support within both the social sciences and the natural sciences. The interdisciplinary nature of the program also receives discussion.


The coupling of millimeter-wave radiation from a long Josephson junction to a small-area junction is discussed. The coupling is obtained by means of thin-film technology and the design parameters allowing radiation coupling are discussed. Since the frequency of the oscillator radiation is smaller than the plasma frequency of the detector junction, the latter shows evidence of chaotic dynamics in the current-voltage characteristic. However, very stable zero-crossing bias steps appear for high values of the applied radiation power. The tunability of the oscillator power allows measuring the dependence of the detector critical current on the external radiation to be measured; from this measured dependence and from the observed amplitude of the photon-assisted tunneling steps it is estimated that maximum coupled power is the range of tens of nanowatts.


This paper describes an intelligent tutoring system for classical control engineering. The objective of building the system was to apply artificial intelligence technology to help engineering students learn control engineering. The organisation required for knowledge representation and system implementation is discussed.


We present some problems of the Structural Anthropology area and we discuss about their computational complexity. We use mixed graphs to model the problems. Our interest is in developing algorithms to enumerate structures that occur in determined kinship networks. These structures are called rings. The rings of some people contain attributes as the rings with nomination and formal friendship connections from the Krahô people; and the chromatic rings from the Enawenê-Nawê people where each individual has a color (the color from the group that the individual belongs). In these cases, the rings of our interest have to obey a kind of pattern on the arcs and colors on the vertices. We also present a way to enumerate all rings of a kinship network without any particularity.


The equilibrium geometries, excitation energies, force constants and vibrational frequencies for the low-lying electronic states X 3Σ–, a1Δ, A3Π and 1 1Π of the SiNN radical have been calculated at the MRSDCI level with a double-zeta plus polarization basis set. Our calculations imply that SiNN is a bonding and not a van der Waals molecule. Our calculated excitation energy for X 3Σ–→A3Π and vibrational frequencies for these two states are in good agreement with experiment. Electronic transition dipole moment, oscillator strength for the A3Π→ X 3Σ– transition, radiative lifetime for the A3Π state and the spin properties for the X 3Σ– state are calculated based on the MRSDCI wavefunctions, predicting results in resonable agreement with available experimental data.


Stock values of solar companies are discussed and it is concluded that they are undervalued. Reasons included: (1) a collapsing housing industry; (2) high interest rates; (3) an unfriendly administration in Washington; and (4) the erroneous perception that oil prices and supplies have stabilized permanently. Solar stocks are defined as speculative in nature and forecasts are cited from people who are bullish on solar stocks as well as from those who are bearish on these stocks. The top 40 solar stocks are listed in two categories: (1) pure plays (in which case the company is entirely in solar activities) and (2) partial plays (in which case solar revenues play only a part in total revenues). Sales and income are given for the last fiscal year for each company as well as a comparison with the previous fiscal year. Sales gains and profit gains for specific companies are discussed as well as companies involved in photovoltaic cells. Procedures for researching solar companies are outlined and four criteria are recommended: (1) a 3-year growth in sales and profit; (2) a proprietary product line with established distribution channels; (3) an experienced and dedicated management team; and (4) other business (apart from solar) thatmore » can provide cash flow. Eight companies are singled out as particularly promising. (MJJ)« less


Filters are greatly used in signal processing and telecommunication engineering to eliminate the unwanted part of the signal i.e. noise. In modern years, filters are used in mobile communication for reducing the speech echo or in biomedical test (like Electrocardiogram, EEG etc.) to reduce the noise associated with the signal. Filters can be classified in two broad domains-Analog and Digital. The hierarchy involved in digital filters are further divided into two types-Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) and Finite Impulse Response (FIR). IIR filter are known for their infinite impulse response, there are various specification upon which the design depends, and all the techniques are used in different types of filter design. In this paper we have described the three main IIR filters i.e. Butterworth filter, Chebyshev Type I, Chebyshev Type-II. As the number of specifications are large, we should have a proper way to determine a specific filter for a particular application. In order to find the best suited filter, a specification dependent approach has been discussed which compares the parameters with respect to passband ripple, stopband attenuation, order of the filter and slope. and outputs the best filter suitable for a specific application. All the simulations have been carried out using MATLAB 2015-a and the algorithm has been coded using Python - high level programming language.


In the ocean commercial troll and recreational salmon fishery in Monterey Bay California, California sea lions (Zalophus califomianus) will swim near or follow fishing boats and will depredate fish once hooked. The objectives of the study were to determine the percentage of salmon taken by pinnipeds in commercial and recreational fisheries, identify relative importance of prey items seasonally consumed by sea lions, and determine the proportion of salmonids in the sea lion diet on a seasonal basis. From April 1997 through September 1998, 1041 hours of onboard and dockside surveys of the commercial and recreational salmon fisheries were conducted at the three ports in Monterey Bay, California. Sea lions depreadated 7.9 % of the fish hooked in the commercial fishery in 1997 and 28.6 % in 1998,8.4 % (1997) and 18.3 % (1998) of the CPFV fishery, and 15.6 % (1997) and 17.5 % (1998) of the private skiff fishery. Increased depredation rates in both the commercial and recreational salmon fisheries in 1998 were most likely the result of the large EI Nino Southern Oscillation event that occurred in 1997-1998 during which a greater number of sea lions were present in central California. Prey hardparts identified in sea lion fecal samples collected in Monterey Bay indicated that schooling fishes were the predominant prey fish species, such as market squid (Loligo opalescens), Pacific sardine (Sardinops caeruleus), northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), and rockfish (Sebastes sp.). Sea lions consumed similar prey species in the summer and fall 1997, winter 1997-98, and spring 1998 (PSI> 70.0) with market squid and northern anchovy being the dominant prey species. However, prey composition changed significantly during the summer 1998 and fall 1998 (PSI < 46.0) because of the increased importance of sardine and rockfish in the diet and the decreased importance of market squid. This report does not intend to imply that salmonids are not a prey species for pinnipeds in the Monterey Bay region, but highlights the difficulties encountered in establishing the role of salmonids in the pinniped diet when analyzing fecal samples. (PDF contains 38 pages).


Oxy-fuel carbon capture in power plants is a relatively new concept aiming at reducing carbon dioxide emissions from the plants. This is achieved by burning the fossil fuel using oxygen as oxidizer with no nitrogen, thereby rendering the exhaust gases very rich in carbon dioxide (after condensing water vapor by cooling), which facilitates its capture for environmental or commercial purposes. Despite the worldwide interest in oxy-fuel carbon capture, its progress is at risk given the large energy needed to separate oxygen from air in order to provide the oxidizer, thereby hindering further progress of this concept toward large-scale applications. This paper focuses on alleviating this drawback of oxy-fuel combustion by making it more attractive through combining it with another concept, namely magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generators. The end product is a power plant operating on a combined cycle composed of a topping MHD ultra-high-temperature cycle with direct electricity extraction from plasma, followed by a bottoming steam cycle with conventional turbo-generators. Different design aspects and simplified technical analysis for the MHD generator are presented.


With the deepening of the reform and development of higher education, many colleges and universities have taken the merger as an opportunity to promote the leap-forward development of their schools. Some colleges and universities that have not merged have also taken the newly-built campus as a new growth point to promote the rapid development of their schools. The library's collection structure reflects a library's document support ability, and the formation of the collection structure depends on the accumulation of document resources. Based on semantic web technology, this paper studies the construction of library literature resources. Among the institutions that choose to give priority to the development of library literature resources in the development strategy of main literature resources, the proportion of long-term preservation practice has reached 65.23%, compared with 57.42% of all other institutions. Due to the small number of samples, we cannot make a simple statistical inference, but it may reflect from the other side that the institutions that pay attention to digital resources are slightly more active in implementing preservation activities than other institutions. Based on the semantic web technology, the integrity and continuity of important documents and characteristic resources were kept and we paid attention to the collection of publications and academic documents related to our school. Under the double restriction of document resources guarantee, the acquisition behavior of guarantee systems at all levels will gradually strengthen self-control, actively establish the concept of coordination and sharing, and gradually move from randomness to standardization.


Lecture title: "A Tale of Two Europes. Non-Simultaneity in European Development"
In 2018, the Scientific Initiatives Circle Culture and Foreign Policy (WIKA, Wissenschaftlicher Intitiativkreis Kultur und Ausenpolitik) formed a Forum with international participants. Scientists and practicing experts' in cultural relations and educations policies (Auswartigen Kultur- und Bildungspolitik - AKBP) from Georgia, Spain, Germany, Turkey, Scotland and Greece brought together the vision of a post-national culture policy and neo-nationalism, and formulate concrete examples of future cultural relations while considering those challenges.


OBJECTIVE
Thrombosis is a relatively common complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is strongly associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). The mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of this prothrombotic state remains obscure. We studied 4 natural anticoagulant proteins: protein C, protein S, antithrombin III, and plasminogen in 50 patients diagnosed with SLE.

METHODS
Protein C, antithrombin III, and plasminogen were measured by chromogenic substrates and total and free protein S by electrophoresis. We also determined the prevalence of different aPL (lupus anticoagulant and antibodies against cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol).

RESULTS
Ten patients (20%) had a history of thrombosis. Some type of aPL was present in 26 patients (52%). Nine of the 10 patients with history of thrombosis had aPL (p = 0.007). Functional assays for protein C, antithrombin III, and plasminogen were in the normal range in all patients. Low free protein S levels were documented in 19 patients and were associated with the presence of aPL (13/19 were aPL positive) (p < 0.05). Only 4 patients with acquired free protein S deficiency had a history of thrombosis.

CONCLUSION
This study shows an association between aPL and reduced free protein S levels in patients with SLE. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism and role of this acquired deficiency in the pathogenesis of thrombotic episodes in patients with SLE.


Nano crystalline cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 powders were synthesized using the coprecipitation method. The effect of the calcination temperature and the Fe3+/Co2+ molar ratio on the phase formation, macro and microstructure and magnetic properties was studied systematically. The Fe3+/Co2+ was controlled to equal 2 and 2.75 while the annealing temperature (Ta) was adjusted to vary from 600 to 1000Co. the obtained powders were investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourir transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). For both the Fe3+/Co2+ ratios, the XRD results indicat the formation of well crystallized cubic spinel cobalt ferrite phase for the precursors annealed at 600Co up to 1000Co. However a second rhombohedral hematite phase whose content varies respectively from 3% and 15% was formed as the Fe3+/Co2+ varied from 2 to 2.75 at Ta=800 and 1000Co. The crystallite size (Dβ) as determined applying the win-fit program was found also to decrease from 54.5 to 48.6nm accompanied by an increase of the root mean square strain . Using Rditveld analysis no effect on the value of the lattice parameter (a) was detected. The FESEM micrographs reveal the formation of highly agglomerated particles for Fe3+/Co2+ =2.75 and Ta =1000Co. The FTIR analysis confirm the formation of the spinel structure phase for both Fe3+/Co2+ ratios at 1000Co, however the absorption bands shift to higher frequencies for Fe3+/Co2+ =2.75. Other bands at 1663 and 3472cm-1 ascribed to free or absorbed water molecules were also detected for this ratio. The Fe3+/Co2+ molar ratio was found to have a significant effect on the magnetic properties of the produced cobalt ferrite. The calculated magnetic parameters: the saturation magnetization (MS= 71.219emu/g), the coricivity (HC= 1443.8Oe) and the remanence ratio (Mr/MS= 0.405) were recorded to decrease as the Fe3+/Co2+ increases except for the curie temperature (TC) which increase from 405 to 410Co.


Summary: The response to trometamol fosfomycin of four strains of Escherichia coli was studied in an in vitro model in which the hydrokinetic aspects of the treatment of bacterial cystitis can be simulated. Two strains of E. coli that were fully susceptible to fosfomycin, and a strain of intermediate susceptibility responded well to relatively low concentrations of the trometamol salt: doses achieving peak concentrations of 50 or 250 mg/1 suppressed bacterial growth for at least 18 h; however, the emergence of resistance was comp!etely suppressed only when a peak concentration of Zusammenfassung: Wirkung yon Trometamol-Salz auf Fosfomycin in einem In vitro-Modell fiir die Behandlung der bakteriellen Zystitis. Das Ansprechen von vier St~immen von Escherichia coli auf Trometamol Fosfomycin wurde in einem In vitro-Modell gepriaft, in dem die hydrokinetischen Vorgfinge bei der Behandlung der bakteriellen Zystitis simuliert werden k6nnen. Zwei St~imme von E. coli waren gegen Fosfomycin voll empfindlich, und ein m~il3ig empfindlicher Stamm sprach auf das Trometamol-Salz in relativ niedrigen Konzentrationen gut an; Dosen, die zu Spitzenkonzentrationen von 50 oder 250 mg/l ftihrten, unterdriJckten das Bakterienwachstum mindestens 18 h lang; doch wurde das Auftreten resistenter St/imme 2500 mg/1 was achieved in the bladder model. A strain of E. coli that was fully resistant to fosfomycin in conventional minimum inhibitory concentration titrations responded to the highest dosage used, but this did not prevent further resistance from emerging. These resuits were obtained in the absence of the potentiating agent, glucose-6-phosphate, which is commonly used in susceptibility tests of fosfomycin. The implications of the results for fosfomycin dosage in bacterial cystitis and for the interpretation of susceptibility tests is discussed.


Neuroticism is a core personality trait that profoundly affects how individuals interpret and interact with their environment. Understanding neuroticism at a neurobiological level will be an important step toward identifying novel vulnerability factors for psychiatric illnesses such as depression and anxiety. Along these lines, recent work has identified neural activation patterns within the right anterior insula that correlates with an individual's degree of neuroticism. The present study aims to further characterize the circumstances under which neuroticism modulates insular activity. Sixteen healthy participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while playing a card game with varying degrees of outcome uncertainty. Activation within the bilateral anterior insula was found during all decisions, irrespective of uncertainty. However, a significant positive correlation between neuroticism and anterior insula activity was found only during 'certain decisions' (i.e. situations where the most probable outcome was clearly evident). Moreover, an increase in the right anterior insula activity during certain decisions was related to a behavioral mirroring effect such that the response latency for certain decisions approached the response latency for uncertain decisions. These findings suggest that increasing levels of neuroticism modulate neural activation in such a way that the brain interprets certainty as uncertain. INTRODUCTION Neuroticism is a core personality trait that refers to one's tendency to experience negative feelings (Costa and McCrae, 1991). Increased levels of neuroticism are strongly correlated with a number of psychiatric illnesses including depression Moreover, healthy individuals with high levels of neuroticism are at an increased risk for developing depressive and anxiety disorders (Bienvenu et al., 2003; Kendler et al., 1993). Over the past 5 years, a number of neuroimaging studies have attempted to understand how neuroticism is linked to functional brain activity (for review see, Canli, 2004; Canli and Amin, 2002). These studies have revealed that the degree of activation in a small number of brain regions is significantly correlated with a subject's degree of neuro-ticism. These regions include the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dLPFC) (Canli et al., 2001) and the dorsal anterior cingulate (Eisenberger et al., 2005). In addition, our laboratory has found a strong positive correlation between neuroticism and activation in the right anterior insula during risky decision-making (Paulus et al., 2003).


This study investigated the effects of citric acid (CA) pretreatments and drying temperatures on quality of banana pulp and peel flours. Banana pulps and peels were pretreated with CA solution at different concentrations (0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 % w / v) and dried at 40, 60, and 80 °C. In banana pulp flour, higher CA concentration and drying temperature resulted in a lower level of water holding capacity. Resistant starch increased with increasing drying temperature. In banana peel flours, total polyphenol content increased with increasing drying temperature. Pretreating with 1.0 % CA solution and drying at 80 °C. can produce good properties of the pulp flour. However, good properties of the peel flour can be achieved by pretreating with 1.0 % CA solution and drying at 60 °C. [Keywords] antioxidant capacity, banana peel flour, banana pulp flour, citric acid, drying temperature, resistant starch


Customers-profit oriented marketing model requires commercial banks constantly to develop new products and services according to customer needs,and to explore new profit space.Taken in the domestic "A bank" as an example,the analysis showed that this marketing model can improve customer satisfaction and competitiveness.Meanwhile,commercial banks need to be customer-centric,full-line marketing,modern technology-strengthened marketing,and provide personalized service to customers.


Based on the analysis of the mechanism and properties of the traction transformer inrush current,and specially on the characteristic of the CRH3 EMUs traction transformer,the simulation was carried out by the the MATLAB software,the result of the simulation in accordance with the actually technical parameter,which validated the model.Meanwhile analyzed the inrush current with Fourier method,and the result of the analysis proves that the method of EMUs traction transformer differential protection by estimation secondary harmonic proportion is possible.


We study the spin-lifetime anisotropy of spinpolarized carriers in graphene on top of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using nonlocal lateral spin-valve devices (Figure 1) with a method that we recently developed [1]. We first determine the in-plane spin lifetime by conventional spin precession measurements with magnetic fields perpendicular to the graphene plane. Then, to evaluate the out-of-plane spin lifetime, we create an out of plane spin population by applying an oblique magnetic field and determine the relaxation of the nonprecessing spin component (Figure 2) [1]. We find, within the experimental uncertainty, that the spin relaxation in graphene on boron nitride is isotropic, as it was previously found in graphene on SiO2 [1]. This result suggests that the substrate effects present on SiO2, which are expected to be absent or suppressed on h-BN, such as roughness, dangling bonds and charge traps, might play a minor role in making the spin relaxation isotropic and, more generally, in the spin relaxation [2].


The malodorous gas is an air public pollution nuisance which is increasinglily aroused by global observer.there are many kinds of way to wipe off malodorous gases.In this article,usual principle and characters of Chemical deodorization、materialization、biological deodorization are discussed,and their development trends are pointed out.


The process of spoilage of waste in the landfill produces air pollutant gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) which was a colorless gas, highly flammable, and has a characteristic rotten egg odor. Communities around TPA who were continuously exposed to H2S gas has very at risk of experiencing health problems. The main entrance of H2S gas through the respiratory system so that it was quickly absorbed by the lungs rather than exposure through the mouth. This study aims to analyze the great health risks arising from exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas at the Cibeureum landfill in Banjar City. This research was a descriptive-analytic type with cross-sectional study design and it was analyzed with an environmental health risk assessment (EHRA) approach. The results of H2S concentration measurements were 0,004 ppm and still below the 0,02 ppm standard. Exposure projections indicate that people in the surrounding areas do not yet have non-carcinogenic risks (0,42≤1). The safe duration of exposure is 24 years. If residents still live around the landfill for more than 24 years, it will endanger them and cause non-carcinogenic health risks. Complaints caused by civilians around the landfill consist of coughing, headaches, colds, shortness of breath, chest pain, and sore throat.


One of the characteristics of the Spanish energy system is its high degree of dependence on imports. In 2005, the Spanish government approved the new Renewable Energy Plan in the following sectors: Windpower, Hydroelectric, Solar Thermal, Solar Thermo-electric, Photovoltaic, Biomass, Biogas and Biofuels. The aim of the Plan is to make it possible to reach the target of 12% of primary energy being met from renewable sources by 2010. When selecting one from various Renewable Energy investment projects different groups of decision-makers become involved in the process. Decision-making has to take into consideration several conflicting objectives because of the increasingly complex social, economic, technological, and environmental factors that are present. Traditional single-criterion decision-making is no longer able to handle these problems. The Compromise Ranking method, also known as the VIKOR method, introduces the Multi-criteria ranking index based on the particular measure of "closeness" to the "ideal" solution. In this paper, we apply the method in the selection of a Renewable Energy project corresponding to the Renewable Energy Plan launched by the Spanish Government. The method is combined with the Analytical Hierarchy Process method for weighting the importance of the different criteria, which allows decision-makers to assign these values based on their preferences. The results show that the Biomass plant option (Co-combustion in a conventional power plant) is the best choice, followed by the Wind power and Solar Thermo-electric alternatives.


Spatio-Kinematic observations were made on NGC 246 in the [OIII] 5007 Angstrom line using an Imaging Fabry-Perot Spectrometer. Evidence for the deceleration effect was found in the leading edge of the nebular shell, possibly due to its interaction with the interstellar medium. Further, we show that the [OIII] electron temperature derived from spectrographic data in the leading half is larger than that in the trailing half possibly due to the compressional heating.