TWe investigated whether work ability index(WAI) was highly correlated with work environment(physical work environment, working condition and work form) correlated high. The study population consisted of technicians from one manufacturing company in South Korea(n=104). WAI and work environment were analyzed by correlation and multiple regression. Therefore, we conclude that the correlation of WAI and work environment in this population was high. So if there are the older employees having a poor score on the items related to work environment, we can elevate the work ability by dealing with work environment. Moreover, we can make the best program to maintain and raise WAI in short term.


The compound-ion polymer was copolymerized with anion, cation and non-ion monomer which is trimethydally lammonium chloride(TA), acrylamide(AM) and acrylic acid(AA). The molecular weight of compound-ion polymer is 4000000 and its caution content is 18%. The compound-ion polymer crosslinked with urotropine to form a compound-ion profile-modifying agent. The prescription is that the mass ratio of compound-ion polymer is 0.6%, the mass ratio of urotropine is 0.4%, the adjusting agent of pH value is 0.1%. the curing temperature is 45 ℃. The field test is in progress in Daqing Oilfield using the compound-ion profile-modifying agent. The result shows that the absorption rate of the main formation PUI2 decreases 36.4%. The crude oil that produce from well which connect with the injecting well increases 5.5 t/d and the water rate decreases 7.9%.


Human blood flow is naturally working as a pulsatile flow under the influence of heartbeat cycle. As many blood flow simulation studies have been conducted recently, many assumption and simplification of intravascular flow phenomena were used as the boundary condition of the simulation. For example, stent contact rigid wall condition, steady blood flow also material simple models and properties of tissues and blood. However, these simplifications may lead to inaccuracy of the results and analysis. This paper tries to observe the simulation results from different boundary conditions which include the pulsatile flow conditions and how it behaves compared to the steady flow. From the investigation and comparison, the difference between results of flow parameters obtained from the pulsatile and steady simulation shows 2.2% deviation on the appearance of low WSS along the deployment area.


Presently,the international financial crisis deepens the impact on Chinese real economy.The Chinese logistics industry,connect foreign market with domestic market,is under unprecedented attack.With the international financial crisis,the logistics industry of Central China,as important ties to connect the eastern part with the western part and to link the inland to coastal area,is facing a great mission that is to out of the trouble and to discuss the development strategy.It is a strategy issue which is wroth to follow closely for six provinces of Central China,and also an important subject for governments at all levels,companies and institutions of higher learning to research.


The research was part of an analytical, descriptive and explanatory study of "TRADITIONAL GAMES AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOUR TO FIVE YEARS OLD CHILDREN GROSS MOTOR FROM "SEMILLITAS DE ESPERANZA" NURSERY, FROM QUITO´S CITYDURING THE SCHOOL YEAR 2014–2015,which was structured and developed in accordance with the valid graduation regulations from Loja's National University. The central problem of the research is: How does TRADITIONAL GAMES gross motor, OF CHILDREN CHILD CENTER "Seeds of Hope Itchimbia" CITY OF QUITO To start the research I considered the next general objective: to analyze the incidence of the approaches used in the learning process of children from "SEMILLITAS DE ESPERANZA" NURSERY from Quito's city during the school year 2014 – 2015. The methods and techniques used were: scientific, analytical - synthetic, inductive – deductive methods and statistical model, including the techniques and instruments applied.I used a survey which was applied toteachersfrom "Semillitas de Esperanza" Nursery, to knowthe traditional games applied in everyday work with four to five years old children, and an observation guide aimed to First Year Basic Education children to determine their levels of learning. The questions to teachers, parents and four to five years old children are located in the survey to verify the ignorance of the traditional games and its incidence in the development of children gross motor from "Semillitas de Esperanza" Nursery.
We conclude that a large group of teachers think their students are slower in their actions than in previous years. Also state that the teachers agree entirely that development strategies of the game are applied, and recognize that these traditional games are an important part in the formation of the students and the teachers agree that traditional games develop gross motor skills in children investigated


This paper examines the issue of poverty in the context of education. Students living in poverty attend schools throughout the United States. Many educators who encounter poverty in their school community view it as a problem. They blame parents, saying "They do not value education. They do little or nothing to support the education of their children". These educators develop low expectations for the academic achievements of their students, which become the norm for poor children. Consequently, students who have the potential to learn may experience failure. Many educators do not use innovative practices to promote student achievement, nor do they believe in positive parent/community participation/relations to boost overall school success. This paper explores the philosophical beliefs, effective programs, and community engagement strategies in a school that is helping poor students succeed.


Abstract Removal of dyes from industrial effluent is currently a major ecological issue. Several researchers have stated that electrocoagulation (EC) is an effective technique for the removal of dy...


Quartz in syntectonic abyssal pegmatites has been studied by LA-ICP-MS, SEM-CL and optical petrography in order to constrain processes generating high-purity quartz (HPQ), i.e. quartz with very low trace element contents. The presence of HPQ in pegmatites that normally contain igneous quartz with high trace element contents is poorly understood. This paper shows that the formation of HPQ is governed by recrystallisation of magmatic quartz which prepares ground for subsequent episodes of replacement by hydrothermal HPQ.


Leadership styles may differ across countries particularly in aspects such as culture, approach, and language. Expatriate managers in Malaysian 5-star hotels, may have a different approach from local managers, hence the levels of the job satisfaction of middle managers may differ too. Information is still lacking on the influence of expatriate managers leadership styles on employees' job satisfaction in Malaysian 5-star hotels. The purpose of this paper was twofold, to shed light on employees' job satisfaction under the leadership of expatriate managers as well as the differences in leadership styles of local and expatriate managers. Results showed that transformational leadership styles such as; idealized influence (behavior), intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation had a significant positive effect on employees job satisfaction. Even transactional leadership styles of expatriates such as contingent reward produced significant positive effect on employees job satisfaction. However transactional leadership of management by exception (passive) of expatriate managers had a significant negative effect on job satisfaction. The combination of five leadership styles of expatriate managers, was able to produce 92.2% of employees' job satisfaction. Except for management by exception (passive), the other four leadership styles had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Results further revealed that expatriate managers have different leadership styles, with higher individual consideration, and contingent reward score, but lower management by exception (passive) score compared to local managers. The difference in leadership styles enabled expatriate managers to achieve higher job satisfaction scores compared to local managers.


offers is insight into one individual's (albeit exceptional) shifting identity across multiple planes of locality and statuses, throwing into relief the contingent nature of identity and the tensions between self-identification and imposed subjectivity. Moreover, he provides an alternative to privileging Africa as the primary site of identity formation (see also Rose Mary Allen's ethnographic study of CuraçaoCuban migration and hybridisation). Although the case studies on identity formation and culture impart a key strength to the book, a shortcoming is its lack of theoretical diversity with regard to this topic. Notably absent are critical race theory, practice theory, neo-marxism, and feminist theory, all of which are being applied more widely in African Diaspora archaeology. Still, African Re-genesis is highly recommended. There is a wider range of disciplinary perspectives than is typical for an edited book on the African Diaspora. The contributions from Africanists constitute a critical intervention for what should be obvious reasons. The volume's social relevance is significantly boosted by Brempong Osei-Tutu's and Fiona Handley's chapters on the politics of Ghanaian heritage management, and Pedro Paulo Funari's discussion of the racial politics surrounding the interpretation of Palmares in Brazil. Jay Haviser and Kevin MacDonald have done a commendable job in diversifying African Diaspora studies by ensuring that an impressive array of scholars and topics are represented, and African Re-genesis will appeal to a broad audience.


'Parks and Other Green Environments: Essential Components of a Healthy Human Habitat', a research monograph published by the National Recreation and Parks Association, discusses the relationship between nature and human health. In particular, it focuses on the positive physical, psychological and social effects of living among parks and other green habitats. The research shows that greater access to green views leads to better cognitive functioning, more proactive patterns of life functioning and more self-discipline.


Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of Febuxostat (FEB) and Diclofenac potassium (DIC) in pharmaceutical dosage using four different chemometric techniques, Iterative Target Transformation Factor Analysis (ITTFA), Classical Least Squares (CLS), Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Partial LeastSquares (PLS-1). In these techniques, the concentration data matrix was prepared according to the full factorial experimental design of three levels and two components in mixtures and using 2.5 mM NaOH solution as solvent. The corresponding absorbance data matrix was measured over the wavelength range of 220 400 nm with the intervals of Δλ= 1 nm, then regression was obtained by using the concentration data matrix and absorbance data matrix for the prediction of the unknown concentrations of FEB and DIC in their mixture. The procedure did not require any chemical separation step or prior graphical treatment of the overlapped spectra. The calibration range was found linear over 2-10 and 2.5-25 μg/mL for FEB and DIC, respectively and the multivariate methods were validated on both authentic mixtures and pharmaceutical preparations. The precision and accuracy of the methods were assessed and compared with each other.


One of the aims of a taxonomist is to understand the phylogenetic relationship of the members of the groups he is studying. In order to understand this relationship, early students of spider systematics considered the various morphological characters as the only important criteria. With growing interest in all aspects of biology, investigators began to realize the value of the findings of ecologists, behaviorists, etc. Although taxonomically valuable non-morphological data are frequently the product of investigations by students not primarily interested in systematics, e.g., Crane (1949), such findings have proven to be of value to the systematist. A serious problem with depending upon the specialist, e.g., karyologist, to supply information relating to one's own field is that the availability of such information depends on the fortuitous circumstances that a specialist is working with the groups in which the taxonomist is interested. For example, Carnoy (1885) published his pioneering work on spider chromosomes sixty years before White (1945, Ch. 14) called attention to the taxonomic value of cytological evidence During that period of more than a half century, the chromosome numbers of only thirteen spider species had been determined (Berry 1906, Painter 1914). By 1959, the number had increased to only 181 (Bole-Gowda 1959) and since then we estimate the number has less than doubled. This problem is even more pronounced when one considers a small group such as the sub-family Dendryphantinae for which Hackman (1948) and Suzuki (1954) have determined the chromosome numbers of six European and Asian species. Although this almost cosmopolitan sub-family includes numerous species found in North and South America, we are aware of no reports concerning the karyotypes of species representing genera found in the New World. This paper deals with karyological studies of three species of spiders of the genus Phidippus, a New World genus. The specimens used in this


Recently, industrial trends strongly favor the concepts of high density, low power consumption and low cost applications of Datacom and Telecom pluggable transceiver modules. Hence, thermal management plays an important role, especially in the design of high-performance compact optical transceivers. Extensive care should be taken on wavelength drift for thermal tuning lasers using thermoelectric cooler and indeed, accurate expression is needed to describe transient characteristics of the Peltier device to achieve maximum controllability. In this study, the exact solution of governing equation is presented, considering Joule heating, heat conduction, heat flux of laser diode and thermoelectric effect in one dimension.


A mobile communications terminal in which the user interface is assembled by assembling a number of software objects representing logical entities. each of the objects is queried to receive data relating to the represented entities. A translation entity and a presentation entity are applied to the received data to create a display data set and this is sent to a renderer to cause the user interface to be displayed on a display device.


As an important academic field the modernization theory appeared in 1950s,which has been differently criticized since its birth due to the shortcomings of its.The modernization theory came into a time it renewed through self-reflection.The new situations and problems occurred in the development in the Western developed country since 1970s have challenged the classical modernization theory,the high-modernization theory came into being on request,which has exceeded the limit of the classical modernization theory,and extended the connotation of the modernization theory as well.


Inspired by phase-change technology storing thermal energy in the form of latent heat, direct conversion of environmental temperature variation into a useful form of mechanical work is achieved using the drastic volume change of a phase-change material during solid–liquid phase transformation. A twisted carbon nanotube yarn in combination with a phase-change material functions as a backbone of torsional actuator, powered by the change of environmental temperature, because nanopores among carbon nanotubes or their bundles are completely filled with the phase-change material. By the proper selection of infiltrated material whose melting temperature lies within a diurnal temperature range, this hybrid yarn can be applied in an autonomous system using naturally abundant low-grade thermal energy flow.


Co-incubation of Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites with diverse target elements such as MDCK epithelial cells, hamster cornea, human erythrocytes, Acantamoeba cysts and bacteria clusters produced morphologically different endocytic structures. In general, up to three different types of endocytic structures were observed after the interaction between A. castellanii and the different target elements: large amoebostomes, slender cylindrical sucker-like channels and minute cell surface specializations, some of them with a pinch-off lytic action. These endocytic structures are used to lyse and ingest different targets in a contact-dependent mechanism.


The article describes the potential of museum pedagogy in the context of the problem of optimization of cultural and educational processes in Ukraine. It has been emphasized that educational institutions, scientific institutions must pay special attention to popularize museums, and the search for new forms of museum pedagogy, aimed at forming a society with a respectful attitude to the values of museum culture, and increasing its social status by means of development of citizens' positive motivation, especially the youth. Museum pedagogy is primarily associated with the field  of  cultural  and  educational  activities,  which  serves  the  school,  educational institutions through contacts with pupils, students, and educators. This trend is traditional in the functioning of this form of communication, establishing contacts and dialogue between a museum institution and a person. The author argues that this established form of cultural and educational activities is not enough to give a description of museum pedagogy. An important component of museum work is also scientific and practical activity of a modern museum, focused on the study of cultural heritage, its historical, scientific, cognitive, educational, practical features, transfer of artistic experience through the pedagogical process. It has been determined that the education of a citizen is the most important mission of the museum. Museum pedagogy becomes a reality when a person acquires the status of participant in museum communication, and an employee of an institution, having come into contact with a person, can not be a culture educator and a teacher and a  psychologist simultaneously, as he began to act in a complex social model of communication "person-person". It turns out that in education an active introduction of museum pedagogy is needed to overcome the negative stated practice of isolating the cultural environment from educational institutions.


For the first time the structure of morphological parameters variability, correlation between them and evaluation the state of coenopopulation (CP) Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir. by organism and population parameters under conditions of Lena-Viluy interfluve (Yakutia) have been studied. As a result it was re-vealed 4 indicator groups: ecological-biological, biological, genotypical (taxonomical), and ecological. The largest portion of realized significant correlations between morphological parameters was recorded for CPs 3, 5, 6 and 7. Evaluation of organism and population parameters proved the best state of CPs 6 and 7.


Since the 1970s, cotton has been a driving force in the transformation of agricultural production systems and a key element in local economies in the savannah areas of West and Central Africa (WCA). However, the sustainability of cotton-based production systems is often debated because of their effects on soils and the negative impacts of chemical pest control on the environment and human health. Through drastic reforms, the WCA cotton sector overcame the crises, showing its resilience. Today, research should be mobilized to help the sector tackle the major challenges: i) economic (price volatility, producers' incomes), ii) social (inclusion of vulnerable groups, role of women and young people, etc.) and iii) environmental (impact of pesticides, soil degradation, etc.) and linked to climate change. The articles published in this issue present some results and perspectives of research work, which can help improving the sustainability of cotton systems in WCA, open paths towards an agro-ecological transition and address the new challenges.


Predicting the initiation and propagation of multiple off-axis cracks in multidirectional laminates under cyclic loadings is essential in a stiffness-driven design approach. Even under a constant amplitude cyclic load, the multiple crack initiation represents always an inherently variable amplitude (VA) problem. Indeed, the initiation of cracks causes a stress re-distribution so that each point in a laminate is subjected to a stress state that changes continuously during the fatigue life. At present, no models or experimental evidences on the crack initiation phenomenon under VA loadings are available in the literature. Crack density prediction models usually rely on a simple linear damage accumulation rule, even if its validity has not been proved yet. In this work, two types of fatigue tests were carried out on glass/epoxy cross-ply laminates under VA two-block loadings: 1) Initially, the number of cycles in the first block was chosen low enough to prevent the initiation of transverse cracks in the first block; then the load was changed and the crack initiation phenomenon was characterized in the second block. 2) Then, two block loadings were applied on other specimens, with a high enough number of cycles in the first block to promote the initiation of multiple cracks; the crack density evolution was thus characterized in both blocks. A model recently developed by the authors was applied to the experimental data, revealing the suitability of the linear damage accumulation rule under block loadings, at least from a phenomenological point of view.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the feasibility of tracheal reconstruction with a prosthesis made of memory alloy coated with collagen sponge in mongrel dogs.

METHOD
The basic skeleton of the prosthesis was knitted with Ni-Ti memory alloy wires. The tubular mesh was sealed with polyurethane membrane and then inner and external walls of the lumen were coated with collagen sponge. Cervical trachea segmental reconstruction was performed in 8 mongrel dogs with these prostheses. The efficacy of the implanted prostheses were periodically evaluated after operation using x-ray, tracheoscopy and specimen microscope examinations.

RESULTS
One dog died of prosthesis dislocation 10 days after operation, another was killed 45 days later because of anastomotic stenosis. 6 dogs survived more than 90 days and the longest one lived for 150 days. Its implanted prosthesis was completely incorporated with the recipient tissue, where re-epithelialization occluded on anastomotic sites. The tracheal lumen was patent.

CONCLUSION
This memory alloy tracheal prosthesis has been proved useful for reconstruction of large, circumferential tracheal defects, although its long-term safety and efficiency need to be confirmed.


Preliminary studies on the utility of 95% Azeotrope Ethanol (MMSU 95 hBE) as oxygenate and gasohol fuel in mobile and stationary engines paved the way for the Department of Energy (DOE)-funded project, Village Scale Production of MMSU Hydrous Ethanol as Feedstock for R&D in Biofuel Trials and Anhydrous Ethanol Production. Two components of the project are reported here: (1) the scaled-up production and optimization trials of MMSU 95 hBE and (2) the performance evaluation of hydrous bioethanol as oxygenate and gasohol blend in spark ignition engines. The first component focused on the bulk production of hydrous ethanol, including experimental trials to improve the fermentation and distillation efficiencies under scaled-up conditions. Integrated studies of the first component included: 1) yeast activation period; 2) sugar concentration; and 3) energy and water-cost efficient reflux distillation system. Previous lab scale fermentation experiments used 4-6hr aerobic activation periods before yeasts were pitched into anaerobic fermentation vessels. Under ambient conditions, the set-up gave 72-76% ethanol conversion efficiency in as short as 18-24 hrs. Succeeding experiments lowered the activation period to 1hr, which improved fermentation efficiency to 85.9%. Optimum conversion efficiency for maximum ethanol yield was observed at 30% sugar concentration. Fuel wood input during distillation was reduced by half when an insulator was used to cover the distiller. Ethanol recovery by the reflux distillation system was 95-100%. Further, we were able to reduce the water consumption by 95% using a recycling system to condense the distillate. The second component of this project focused on the performance evaluation of MMSU hydrous bioethanol both as alternative oxygenate to anhydrous ethanol and as a significant component of gasohol blends. Comparison data were obtained to highlight properties of the blends as well as document performance in spark ignition engines of cars, motorcycles and water pumps. Results of these studies demonstrate the feasibility of using hydrous ethanol instead of anhydrous both as oxygenate and as significant component of gasohol blends up to a concentration of 30% hydrous ethanol. Our studies confirmed that hydrous ethanol can be effectively splash-blended with gasoline without phase separation or other problems. The studies were able to demonstrate the benefits of oxygenation and comparable engine performance, capitalizing on the change in chemical and physical properties which occur as a result of combining water, ethanol, and gasoline to optimize the efficiency at which internal combustion engines operate. While there is a slight reduction in fuel economy due to the lower energy content of hydrous ethanol, it is counteracted by increasing engine performance due to higher octane and higher heat of vaporization of ethanol and water in comparison with gasoline and anhydrous blends.


The interaction of three-dimensional linked hydrophilic polymers with surrounding solvents in time-dependent data sets is of great interest for domain experts and current research in molecular dynamics. These polymers are called hydrogels, and their most characteristic property is their swelling in aqueous solutions by absorbing the solvent. Their conformation transition can be studied by investigations of the interaction of the single polymer strand and the solvent directly around the polymer at an atomistic level. We present new visualization techniques to interactively study time-dependent data sets from molecular dynamics simulations—with special re-gard to polymer-solvent interactions like local concentrations and hydrogen bonds—as well as filtering methods to facilitate analysis. Such methods that visualize polymer-solvent interactions on a hydration shell around a polymer are not available in current tools and can greatly facilitate the visual analysis, which helps domain experts to extract additional information about hydrogel characteristics and gain new insights from the simulation results. While our visual analysis methods presented in this paper clearly facilitate the analysis of hydrogels and lead to new insight, the presented concepts are applicable to other domains like proteins or polymers in general that interact with solvents.


In this paper, we study the inverse boundary value problem for the wave equation with a view towards an explicit reconstruction procedure. We consider both the anisotropic problem where the unknown is a general Riemannian metric smoothly varying in a domain, and the isotropic problem where the metric is conformal to the Euclidean metric. Our objective in both cases is to construct the metric, using either the Neumann-to-Dirichlet (N-to-D) map or Dirichlet-to-Neumann (D-to-N) map as the data. In the anisotropic case we construct the metric in the boundary normal (or semi-geodesic) coordinates via reconstruction of the wave field in the interior of the domain. In the isotropic case we can go further and construct the wave speed in the Euclidean coordinates via reconstruction of the coordinate transformation from the boundary normal coordinates to the Euclidean coordinates. Both cases utilize a variant of the Boundary Control method, and work by probing the interior using special boundary sources. We provide a computational experiment to demonstrate our procedure in the isotropic case with N-to-D data.


The authors consider two stations of asymmetric polling system with one-message buffer,give the state probability of each station at polling instants,and the distributions and mathematical expections of polling cycle time,intervisit time and wating time.The loss probability at each station has been evaluted.


Efforts to improve system performance in heating and cooling machines have been popular during recent years. With this experimental study, it was aimed to provide energy efficiency by intervening in the compressor in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Nano-lubricant was used instead of polyalkylene glycol (PAG) in the compressor from cooling system components. Fully synthetic PAG was used as the base fluid when preparing nano-lubricant. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and molybdenum tri-oxide (MoO3) nanoparticles of different mass fractions were added to the base liquid. Triton X-100 (TX-100) was used as surfactant in order to prevent precipitation in the nano-lubricant. While preparing the nano-lubricant, ZnO and MoO3 nanoparticles were included in the base fluid in 1.0% and 1.5% mass fractions and TX-100 surfactant in 0.5% and 1.0% mass fractions. When pure PAG was used as the compressor oil, the coefficient of performance (COP) was calculated as 3.98. The prepared nanolubricants were used in the same compressor without changing the ambient conditions and temperature. The best result; the base liquid PAG was obtained by using the nano-lubricant prepared with 1.5% by mass ZnO nanoparticles and 0.5% by weight TX-100 surfactant material as compressor oil. As a result of using this prepared nano-lubricant as compressor oil, the COP was calculated as 4.65. An increase of 16.83% was observed in the COP value.


ABSTRACT Incomplete pairwise comparison matrices offer a natural way of expressing preferences in decision-making processes. Although ordinal information is crucial, there is a bias in the literature: cardinal models dominate. Ordinal models usually yield nonunique solutions; therefore, an approach blending ordinal and cardinal information is needed. In this work, we consider two cascading problems: first, we compute ordinal preferences, maximizing an index that combines ordinal and cardinal information; then, we obtain a cardinal ranking by enforcing ordinal constraints. Notably, we provide a sufficient condition (that is likely to be satisfied in practical cases) for the first problem to admit a unique solution and we develop a provably polynomial-time algorithm to compute it. The effectiveness of the proposed method is analyzed and compared with respect to other approaches and criteria at the state of the art.


FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: system containing a device for processing data and computer-readable medium storing instructions executed by said device for processing data for performing the corresponding operations. These operations comprise the steps of periodically receiving the load value when this load is applied to the component in the wellbore and when the load is applied to the component in the wellbore, the periodic determination of fatigue on this component caused by said load is at least partly on the basis of the indicated periodically received load values, and in which the periodic determination of fatigue on the component caused by the load. And the fatigue determination operation on the component contains the following steps reception of the fatigue model, which simulates fatigue on the component; providing a past history of load values as the first input to the fatigue model; providing a load value while said load is applied to the component, as a second input to the fatigue model and performing a fatigue model based on the first input and the second input, resulting in fatigue as an output; and providing fatigue in response to receiving the first input and the second input. EFFECT: timely determination of the decommissioning of well components as they approach their service life. 17 cl, 4 dwg


The main feature of open numerical controlled system has been introduced. The difference realization methods of some open numerical controlled system have been compared. The human machine interface, CNC, programming and communication of commercial system have bee compared and analyzed.


Data from the AGS experiment E866 on charged particles emitted in central Au+Au collisions at 10.8 AGeV incident energy is reviewed. The study of spectral shapes indicates the presence of collective transverse flow and - in particular for charged pions - of Coulomb final state interaction between emitted particles and the nuclear charge distribution. The comparison to SIS pion data measured with KaoS elucidates the role of charged pions to probe nuclear reaction dynamics at lower incident energies.


This is a report of the pardons, suspended sentences, commutations of sentence and reprieves granted by Governor John P. Richardson in 1886-1887.


The aim of the research is the analysis of basic clinical laboratory and instrumental parameters of patients suffering from CHF with intermediate left ventricular ejection fraction (LEF), developed as a result of ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension associated with RA compared to patients without RA; assessment of indicators of morphological and functional parameters of myocardium and possible associations with indicators of RA inflammation activity. Material and methods. The study group included 134 patients with HFFV associated with RA; the comparison group was of 122 patients with HFFV without RA. CHF functional class of patients who took part in the study according to NYHA I-II. RA was diagnosed based on X-ray and serological studies, which included determination of rheumatoid factor (RF), antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP), C - reactive protein (CRP). Inflammatory process activity was assessed by DAS28 index and visual analogue pain scale (VAS). X-ray RA stage included the studied I-III patients according to Steinbrocker classofication. CHF treatment medications were compared in groups. The basic anti-inflammatory medication for RA treatment is methotrexate. Patients who did not take methotrexate due to side effects and / or individual intolerance took leflunomide at a dosage of 20 mg per day. Moreover, NSAIDs were used (enterally, parenterally, locally). Hematological, biochemical and instrumental studies were carried out. The processing was carried out in STATISTICA 10.0 program. The work presents statistically significant results. The critical level of significance when testing statistical hypotheses is p <0.05. Results. Comparative analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the levels of ESR and CRP, with a predominance of values in the study group, which naturally reflects the intensity of inflammatory process. Furthermore, statistically significant differences in the levels of creatinine and GFR were revealed. It can be due to the influence of chronic inflammation and regular intake of NSAIDs. In the group of patients with CHF on the background of RA, statistically significant decrease in hemoglobin level was found. Statistically significant predominance of TG, LDL-C concentration, as well as a decrease in HDL-C in the study group in relation to the comparison group were obtained. Statistically significant predominance of atherogenic coefficient was revealed in the study group. NT-proBNP concentration in the study groups differed significante: in the group of patients with CHF associated with RA, the level was 306.7 (225; 391) pg / ml; in the CHF group without RA - 488.7 (355; 638) (p = 0.02). A direct association of the DAS28 index and NT-proBNP was found (r = 0.04; p = 0.02). Conclusion. Patients with CHF associated with RA are reasonably recommended to increase the dosage of statins with more frequent monitoring of lipid profile. An assessment of NT-proBNP level is required for more detailed assessment of morphological and functional parameters of myocardium.


Introduction: Life satisfaction is a comprehensive concept of sustainability that reflects the overall feelings of a community's people towards their own and the world in which they live. The aim of this study was to determine the simple and multiple relationships among personality traits, spiritual intelligence, and happiness with life satisfaction in high school girl students in Ilam.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted with 196 female high school students in Ilam. The study's sample was multi-stage cluster sampling and the participants voluntarily participated in the study. The data were collected using the Diener Satisfaction with life scale, NEO-Five Factor Inventory, King's Spiritual Intelligence Inventory, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regressions.
 Results: The mean age of the students was 16 ± 0.18 years. Among the personality traits, neuroticism had a reverse and significant correlation (r = -0.341) and extraversion (r = 0.247) and Agreeableness (r = 0.379) have direct and significant correlation with life satisfaction. However, openness and conscientiousness did not have a significant correlation with life satisfaction. Personality traits, spiritual intelligence and happiness together accounted for 38.3% of changes in students' life satisfaction.
Conclusion: According to correlation of life satisfaction with spiritual intelligence, happiness and personality traits of students, the attention of planners to these effective variables in order to promote their life satisfaction seems necessary.


This study is aimed to know the influence emerged by feeding frequency toward woof consumption, final weight, and woof conversion toward meal chicken. In the last of this study, it can be useful information in the time of appropriate and efficient feeding woof so that it can present the good performance.
This study is conducted in Landungsari, Malang on January 22 – February 26, 2010.
Material used in this study is 100 chicken of strain lohman by 4 treatment frequency on feeding; it is P1 = feeding frequency in the period of 2 hours once as long as 24 hours, P2 = feeding frequency in the period of 4 hours once for 24 hours, P3 = feeding frequency in 6 hours period for 24 jam, P = feeding frequency in 8 hours period for 24 hours, and every treatment is repeated for 5 times. The method here is Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Data analysis for this study is variation. To know the influence of treatment toward variable, it would be continue with the Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) test.
From the result of observation for 35 days, it can obtained that consumption average of woof is P1=103,928 gram/chicken/day, P2=109,552 gram/chicken/day, P3=106,88 gram/chicken/day, P4=103,268. And the average of the influence of frequency toward woof conversion for each is: P1=1,746, P2=1,792, P3=1,8, P4=1,658. The result of calculation shows that feeding frequency has significant influence (P > 0,05) toward feeding consumption and conversion toward meal chicken. Yet, the treatment has no significant influence toward final weight. The average of the highest number in the treatment is P4=2,1758 kg/chicken.
The conclusion of this study is that the frequency of woof feeding has significant influence toward woof consumption and conversion, but it is not influence the final weight. Consumption and conversion is more caused by digestion system and chicken attitude, no influence in final weight is caused by the health problem in chicken.


The Authors purpose to analyse on the basis of a critical examination of the operated hallux valgus with 2 different surgical technics the causes of failure and to give more exact indications about choosing the right surgical system.


There has been a significant surge of interest in Hoyrava's model for 3+1 dimensional quantum gravity, this model being based on anisotropic scaling at a z = 3 Lifshitz point. Hoyrava's model, and its variants, show dramatically improved ultra- violet behaviour at the cost of exhibiting violation of Lorentz invariance at ultra- high momenta. Following up on our earlier note, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 251601 (arXiv:0904.4464 (hep-th)), we discuss in more detail our variant of Hoyrava's model. In contrast to Hoyrava's original model, we abandon "detailed balance" and restore parity invariance. We retain, however, Hoyrava's "projectability condition" and explore its implications. Under these conditions, we explicitly exhibit the most general model, and extract the full classical equations of motion in ADM form. We analyze both spin-2 and spin-0 graviton propagators around flat Minkowski space. We furthermore analyze the classical evolution of FLRW cosmologies in this model, demonstrating that the higher-derivative spatial curvature terms can be used to mimic radiation fluid and stiff matter. We conclude with some observations concerning future prospects. 17 May 2009; 20 May 2009; 29 June 2009; 2 Sept 2009; L A T E X-ed October 13, 2009.


The present invention provides a method for detecting an object. The method includes capturing a binary image of the object, and determining a projection of the binary image to a first axis. The method further includes determining a difference between a profile of a target object to the first axis and the projection at a plurality of positions along the first axis, and detecting the object by determining if the differ ence between the profile and the projection is less than a threshold at one of the plurality of positions.


R.S.: The idea for this issue of the Journal of Haitian Studies (JOHS) was conceived at Franklin College in Lugano, Switzerland in 2011, during the last year of your tenure as a professor there. Some of the papers published here are revised versions of presentations at the Caribbean Unbound conference, but many are papers that were conceived anew subsequent to that academic gathering. As such, this issue is not a collection of conference proceedings, but the written record of a loose association of scholars which constellated around the conference. Can you tell us about your own role in the ougin and history of the Caribbean Unbound conference so we can understand the history of the community that is represented in these writings?R.M.: I'll try to sum that up. I was the founder of the series, the namegiver and the organizer of all five colloquia. I selected the theme, in conjunction with other Caribbean scholars, put out the Call for Papers, invited the keynote speakers, did all the correspondence and arranged all the programs myself. Franklin College provided invaluable technical and logistical assistance. At first, I limited myself to conference organization. In 2009, however, I organized and moderated a panel on Junot Diaz and made a presentation on his work. In 2011, I moderated a panel entitled "Borders Between the Dominican Republic and Haiti." That led to field study in the Dominican Republic and a publication in the bi-lingual journal A Contracorriente in the spring of 2012.Thanks to the generous collaboration of the JOHS, we have been able to publish selected, peer-reviewed papers from 2009 on. I wish to thank LeGrace Benson for recommending our work to the editor, Claudine Michel.R.S.: Why did you feel compelled to organize this conference?R.M.: I founded "Caribbean Unbound" in 2003 because, at certain conferences I had attended in Europe, I felt the Caribbean and Caribbean Studies were underrepresented. At that time, I was an avid reader of the work of Maryse Conde. Truth be told, my study of her work motivated me to try to understand the Caribbean in a larger context. There is a secondary reason of a more practical nature. We have an academic travel program at Franklin College Switzerland. I felt the need to amplify that experience because two weeks in Cuba were not enough for the students or for me. I was lucky, for I was able to engage Antonio Benitez-Rojo to be the first keynote speaker. The idea of a having a Caribbean banquet to mingle interested students and scholars was part of the original conception. In 2011, students prepared, from scratch, a complete evening meal for over 200 students, administrators and Caribbean scholars. In 2003, we also brought in a Cuban band from Germany. Recently, for logistic reasons primarily, that aspect has been phased out. We have also included student creative writing panels and student academic presentations on Caribbean culture at all conferences. In the early stages, Kathleen Gyssels and Ivette Romero were especially helpful with their suggestions.R.S.: Who were the previous keynote speakers at the conference?R.M.: 2003-Antonio Benitez-Rojo2005-Professor J. Michael Dash2007-Maryse Conde2009-Jean-Claude Fignole - Conference Theme: "Re-Conceiving Hispaniola"2011-Claudine Michel - Conference Theme: "Vodou and Creolite"R. S.: I became aware of the herculean effort that this conference required when I helped you with the 2011 conference. Who were your supporters over the years?R.M.: There were "regular" participants, and they sustained the enterprise. Among them were: Sally Barbour, Victoria Bridges-Moussaron, MarieHelene Laforest, Irline Francois, Sami Ludwig, Wasiq Khan, Gunther Giovannoni, Karina A. Bautista, Dorothea Fischer-Hornung, Maria de Jesus Cordero, Sarah Mosher, Maria Cristina Fumagalli, Georges Rocourt, Sara Steinert-Borella, and, of course, yourself. I am sure I have forgotten some very helpful collaborators. …


In the process of engineering and geological surveys, three-dimensional engineering-geological modeling makes it possible to perform a comprehensive assessment of the state of the territory for making sound-design decisions on the placement of construction sites and their structures. Secondly, a logical conclusion of a detailed study of engineering-geological and geotechnical conditions, which is implemented to use three-dimensional modeling, is a well-grounded design with a reasonable margin of safety, which causes a reduction in the total cost of the erected or reconstructed structure. Thirdly, in comparison with traditional engineering-geological two-dimensional models (cuts, maps, etc.), three-dimensional models give more information. This is especially important, when we think about the scale of the hydraulic structures. According to archival materials, it can be noted that there are many spatial geological heterogeneities in this territory, and the engineering-geological conditions turned out to be complex. Taking into account the advantages of three-dimensional modeling, the creation of a three-dimensional model of a dispersed soil massif is an actual task for solving complex engineering-geological problems. The article analyzes a three-dimensional engineering-geological model of the soil massif under a hydrotechnical building in the Moscow region, and then calculates its stress-strain state and the coefficient of stability of the sides of the ditch.


Who are the families who choose to participate in an early intervention program tailored to meet the needs of traditionally underserved members of the young handicapped child's family? In an HCEEP project for fathers and their infants and toddlers, both parents completed a set of measures that provided demographic information, as well as data in the following areas: paternal information needs; family responsibilities; parent levels of depression; personal time; organized group affiliation; and satisfaction with their present situations. Fathers who participated in the pilot program for the project were compared to newly enrolled fathers along these variables, and husbands' and wives' responses were compared. Fathers who had been in the pilot program were less depressed, had more positive feelings about their interactions with their children, and had greater access to social supports than the newly enrolled fathers. Predisposing variables associated with families' program participation are discussed.


Calculations show that the resonance phenomena in K /sup -/-p scattering, which are expected at approximately 675 Mev, are due to strong interaction in the I = 0, d/sub 1/2/ state. (L.N.N.)


Offers managers new tools to deal with the tough problems businesses face today. Reveals how analyzing the ethical dimensions of problems actually offers competitive advantages. Offers illustrative case examples from internally recognized companies showing that high ethics and high profits go hand in hand--and identifies the factors responsible for these companies' success.


the B . aclada strains, 59% were highly resistant and the remaining 41% were sensitive; all strains of B . allii were sensitive. Resistant strains were 27 widespread in Hokkaido. We analyzed the sequences of the β -tubulin gene of 28 resistant strains and detected the replacement of glutamic acid (GAG) by 29 lysine (AAG) at codon 198. This is the first report of benzimidazole resistance 30 in B. aclada . This study revealed a difference in fungicide sensitivity between 31 the two Botrytis species.


For many online customers, clothing image recognition is used mainly in computer vision for fashion applications. Recognition of the clothing image and identification of their style and presentation make the problem difficult for the fashion item. Image recognition technologies allow consumers to scan a picture taken from a fashion magazine or print ad and automatically land on the product page where they can purchase the exact item. Retailers can propose similar looking items in different price ranges with visual search solutions running in the app or website, so the customer can buy a look-alike product at a lower price. The main focus is on classifying the MNIST fashion dataset using multilayer perceptron, convolutional neural network and extreme learning machine. Extracting the F-mnist dataset using these deep neural networks that are most common in computer vision for the implementation of image recognition and even more effective for cloth prediction evaluation. Fashion-MNIS T enhances cultural diversity by attracting more young women students, collectors, artists and designers. Selecting the right deep learning technique for extracting features and choosing the best model of classification remains a major challenge in achieving good quality accuracy. The experimental results, however, show that this Fashion-MNIST dataset has impressive results.


Objective
To study the correlation between pancreatic duct stent placement and postoperative pancreatic fistula in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review on 298 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy from Jan 2011 to Dec 2016. Patients were divided into none stent group, external stent group and internal stent group according to the placement and drainage of the pancreatic duct stent.

Results
There were 60 cases in none stent group, 103 cases in external stent group and 135 cases in internal stent group. Altogether there were 52 cases suffering from biochemical pancreatic fistula, 52 cases of grade B fistula and 9 cases of grade C pancreatic fistula. There were three factors with statistical significance: 1, the operative method (χ2=20.947, P=0.000), 2, the diameter of main pancreatic duct (χ2=8.662, P=0.013), and 3, the intraoperative blood loss (χ2=14.03, P=0.001). There were no statistical significance difference between no stenting group and external/ internal stent group in the incidence of pancreatic fistula (P>0.05). The difference between internal stent group and external stent group was of statistical significance (χ2=9.948, P=0.019). The incidence of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula in external stent group was lower than the internal stent group (14.5% vs. 26.6%)(χ2=9.777, P=0.002).

Conclusions
The pancreatic duct stenting is not a risk factor for pancreatic fistula. The external drainage of pancreatic juice is associated with a lower incidence of pancreatic fistula compared to the internal drainage.

Key words:
Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreatic fistula; External drainage


This study clarifies the role of organizational justice in the relationship between human resources management practices and commitment. Specifically, we develop and test a model in which the principal forms of justice (distributive, procedural and interactional) represent mediating variables in relationships between affective commitment and the four types of HRM practices (information sharing, knowledge development, non-monetary recognition and power sharing) included in the model developed by Lawler (1986). Meyer and Smith (2000) underscore that because few empirical studies have explored the relationship between HRM practices and commitment, it is important to determine how such practices influence employee commitment to organizations. Their results have shed light on the role of perception of organizational support and procedural justice as a mediating factor between certain HRM practices and organizational commitment.Consistent with the recommendation of these authors, our model rests on the theory of social exchange (Blau, 1964) and posits the three forms of organizational justice as mediating variables. Social exchange, unlike economic exchange, implies a relationship of exchange through unspecified obligations between the parties. Through the reciprocity norm, individuals in a climate of mutual trust maintain an exchange relationship with others to whom they feel obliged because they have received something from them. In a company, this pattern may correspond to organizations' expectation that employees will develop favorable attitudes such as commitment in return for the introduction of HRM practices. Nonetheless, the specialized literature also clearly highlights theoretical links between social exchange and perceptions of organizational justice (Greenberg, 1987; Moorman, 1991). In this perspective, organizational justice encourages the development of effective commitment by enhancing employees' feeling of reciprocity toward the organization, a sentiment created by the introduction of HRM practices.As part of this research project, a questionnaire was distributed in September 2001 to 232 managers of financial services of a private company operating in the Canadian banking sector. Of these questionnaires, 134 were returned, corresponding to a respectable response rate of 58%. To test our research hypothesis, we carried out hierarchical regression analyses according to the steps described by Kenny, Kashy and Bolger (1998). These analyses confirmed our hypothesis by demonstrating that each of the forms of justice indeed represents a mediating variable between the practices specified by Lawler (1986) and affective commitment. More specifically, we conclude that: (1) non-monetary recognition has an indirect effect on commitment through the three forms of justice; (2) interactional justice is a mediating variable between knowledge development and commitment; (3) procedural justice is a mediating variable between the practices of autonomy, initiative and commitment and (4) consulting has both a direct and indirect effect on affective commitment through procedural justice. Our observations corroborate the results of previous studies (Meyer and Smith, 2000; Schappe, 1996) that had affirmed a mediating effect of procedural justice between certain practices and organizational commitment. This study also makes a significant contribution with important theoretical and practical implications. First, our research supplements the literature on this topic by proposing an integrating model that measures the simultaneous effect of a larger number of practices than previous studies and that integrates the three principal forms of justice as a mediating variable. Moreover, our results demonstrate that organizations should pay attention to their employees' perception of justice if they want to significantly increase the employees' affective commitment by putting HRM practices in place. Moreover, regarding the individual effects of practices, our results suggest that organizations should first target non-monetary recognition practices, followed by power sharing practices (consultation, autonomy, initiative) and knowledge development practices.Lastly, our results confirm that the competitive advantage of successful firms mainly arises from their capacity to increase the added value of their human resources (Becker and Huselid, 1999). To attain organizational success, they must innovate in HRM notably by applying practices that favor the adoption of positive attitudes and behaviors toward the organization. Companies should thus encourage managers to act in compliance with equity, impartiality and respect to stimulate the affective commitment of their employees and maximize the investment required by the introduction of HRM practices.


: Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are the networks without infrastructure support. Mobile ad hoc network have dynamic topology which is prone to malicious traffic anlaysis. These intermediate nodes are a threat to network security . A passive attacker can perform traffic analysis against intercept able routing formation embedded in routing messages and data packets. Adversaries, if allowed to trace network routes and information patterns of nodes, may affect covert operations. To overcome the issues related to passive attack, we need to propose a better routing scheme which hides the essential details but at the same time satisfies the requirements of a routing protocol.


Under enrollment system,the teaching reform of private colleges is imperative.The paper analyzes the students' characteristics in private schools under enrollment,the primary task of teaching reform and the measures of the reform.It also points out that the teaching reform of private college conforms to students' characteristics.The paper,starting from the real need of the students,develop distinctive training objectives,it introduces curriculum system reform,highlights the cultivation of practice ability,innovative classroom teaching mode,implements the complete credit system,and build the double teaching team so as to cultivate their own core competence and sustainable development.


T HE task of isolating the forces responsible for the collapse of the birth-rate is not an easy one. The forces analysable into biological, religious, psychological, social and economic are to-day merged in a broad river of almost universal influence, and the observer finds it hard to assess the strength of each without tracing the river to that source where its streams have not yet combined or lost their identity. Even then he must proceed with caution, for the headwaters of this river are found in the 'seventies of the last century, years which formed a watershed for every field of England's social and economic life and, moreover, a watershed of the most complex geography. Nevertheless, a study of developments during last century yields much evidence which is conclusive, and more that is suggestive, in determining why our birth-rate began to fall so noticeably in the eighteen-seventies and continued to fall with ever increasing momentum. Evidently costs of education, whose influence forms the present study, are only part of the wider category of economic causes, and it will often be essential to comprehend the latter in their entirety in order to gauge the particular contribution of the smaller element.


Before the missionaries Coming in, picked up or twice removed Dormitory and school life Old ways, new ways Marriage and working life at the mission Leaving: exemption, escape or removal The legacy.


It is not unusual for students to struggle to find a dissertation topic. To address this problem, I designed an exercise that helps students to better connect with their motivations, or the inner drives they have, for wanting to choose one topic or another. The results of student feedback suggest that the exercise is helpful in enabling students to be more aware of their motivations and to have a stronger sense of personal connection - and so be more satisfied - with the topic of their choice. Working in Research Methods module for students taking the MA in International Business and other similar Master's degrees, this paper describes the methodology, results and conclusions that were drawn to address this problem.


The paper presents the topology optimization of lined rock caverns designed for underground storage of chemical energy. This type of storage can store a high amount of hydrogen, methane, natural gas, carbon dioxide or other substances. The caverns are made of concrete shells and lined with thin steel sheets to seal the content. Optimization is performed by the mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) approach. The MINLP computer program GAMS/Dicopt is used. The model includes the cost objective function, which is subjected to geomechanical and design constraints. In this attempt, the topology calculation is included in the discrete optimization of the underground storage. A numerical example at the end of the paper shows the overall discrete MINLP optimization of an underground gas storage facility. The optimal discrete design with the optimal number of caverns of the storage is explicitly determined. Additional investment savings are achieved.


This article presents a logical analysis of the characteristics of indexing and their effects on retrieval performance. It establishes the ability to ask the questions one needs to ask as the foundation of performance evaluation, and recall and discrimination as the basic quantitative performance measures for binary noninteractive retrieval systems. It then defines the characteristics of indexing that affect retrieval—namely, indexing devices, viewpoint-based and importance-based indexing exhaustivity, indexing specificity, indexing correctness, and indexing consistency—and examines in detail their effects on retrieval. It concludes that retrieval performance depends chiefly on the match between indexing and the requirements of the individual query and on the adaptation of the query formulation to the characteristics of the retrieval system, and that the ensuing complexity must be considered in the design and testing of retrieval systems. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the impacts of industrial activities in Ogun State, Nigeria. A total of 96 samples were collected both in dry and wet seasons for analysis of physicochemical quality indicators. Hydrochemical assessment were carried out according to APHA standard while hydrochemical facies of groundwater samples was evaluated using Piper Trilinear software. Pearson correlation was applied in order to determine the relationship between two parameters. The pH at Otta in wet season ranges from 6.67 ± 0.06 to 9.42 ± 0.11; dry season ranges from 4.35 ± 0.21 to 5.70 ± 0.14 while in Sagamu (wet season) values ranges from 6.01 ± 0.04 to 6.67 ± 0.06 while those of dry season ranged from 5.15 ± 0.07 to 6.55 ± 0.07. Interpretation of piper diagram revealed no specific dominant facie at Shagamu while most samples at Otta are characterized by the dominance of (Na+, K+) water types.


Observational and randomized studies have shown that that a person with HIV who takes antiretroviral therapy (ART) and maintains an undetectable viral


This study examines the organizational capabilities and staff skills that will be needed to execute the changing mission of the California Department of Transportation (CALTRANS). The study is specifically concerned with: the kinds of organizational capabilities that will be required to meet California's changing transportation needs; the mix of professional personnel that will be needed to execute the tasks of the future; and the personnel development strategy necessary to position caltrans for the tasks of the future.


Background The mechanism of cartilage degeneration in the patellofemoral joint (PFJ) and medial compartment of the knee following posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury remains unclear. PCL reconstruction has been recommended to restore kinematics and prevent long-term degeneration. The effect of current reconstruction techniques on PFJ contact pressures is unknown. Purpose To measure PFJ contact pressures after PCL deficiency and reconstruction. Method Eight cadaveric knees were tested with the PCL intact, deficient, and reconstructed. Contact pressures were measured at 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, and 120 ° of flexion under simulated muscle loads. Knee kinematics were measured by a robotic testing system, and the PFJ contact pressures were measured using a thin film transducer. A single bundle achilles tendon allograft was used in the reconstruction. Results PCL deficiency significantly increased the peak contact pressures measured in the PFJ relative to the intact knee under both an isolated quadriceps load of 400 N and a combined quadriceps/hamstrings load of 400 N/200 N. Reconstruction did not significantly reduce the increased contact pressures observed in the PCL-deficient knee. Conclusion The elevated contact pressures observed in the PCL-deficient knee and reconstructed knee might contribute to the long-term degeneration observed in both the non-operatively treated and PCL-reconstructed knees.


We have developed an ultrafast superconducting single-photon detector with negligible dark counting rate. The detector is based on an ultrathin, submicron-wide NbN meander-type stripe and can detect individual photons in the visible to near-infrared wavelength range at a rate of at least 10 Gb/s. The above counting rate allows us to implement the NbN device to unconditionally secret quantum key distribution in a practical, high-speed system using real-time Vernam enciphering.


PT. Astra Internasional Tbk-Daihatsu-Ciledug is a single agency and official distributor of the Daihatsu in Indonesia. Marketing communications through sales promotion is one of the activities of PT.Astra Internasional Tbk-Daihatsu-Ciledug in promoting the product in the competition that is becoming more competitive.The purpose of this research is to find out and explain sales promotion as a strategy of marketing low cost car green car (lcgc) Daihatsu Ayla produced by PT. Astra Internasional Tbk Daihatsu  in Ciledug and constraints and opportunities in implementing the s ales promotion.The theory used in this research is about marketing communication , that is, hotchpotch of marketing communications focused on sales promotion (kotler and keller). The research uses qualitative research approach , with research method of case study, method with in-depth interviews, observation and documentation..The result showed that the company: First, Astra Internasional Daihatsu Ciledug conduct sales promotion in the forms of: the refund cash discount , the frequency program , free gifts, free trials , product guarantee, the sales exhibition, and special advertising. Second, opportunities found in PT. Astra Internasional Daihatsu Ciledug in carrying out an activity to promote the sale of (sales promotion) include : facilitating the increase of the sales volume, facilitating the purchase of recurring repeat order, and facilitating the increase of customer loyalty . The c onstraints found in undertak ing activities of sales promotion are as follows: the lack of human resources especially in the field of sales, PT .Astra Internasional Daihatsu Ciledug do es not have the department  with specialty of handling marketing communications, and customer s do not immediately make purchase decisions.


A recent low gas-fill density (0.6 mg/cc 4He) cylindrical hohlraum experiment on the National Ignition Facility has shown high laser-coupling efficiency (>96%), reduced phenomenological laser drive corrections, and improved high-density carbon capsule implosion symmetry [Jones et al., Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 59(15), 66 (2014)]. In this Letter, an ignition design using a large rugby-shaped hohlraum [Amendt et al., Phys. Plasmas 21, 112703 (2014)] for high energetics efficiency and symmetry control with the same low gas-fill density (0.6 mg/cc 4He) is developed as a potentially robust platform for demonstrating thermonuclear burn. The companion high-density carbon capsule for this hohlraum design is driven by an adiabat-shaped [Betti et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 2277 (2002)] 4-shock drive profile for robust high gain (>10) 1-D ignition performance and large margin to 2-D perturbation growth.


This paper outlines a new applicaton of the technique of drift scanning, for single-dish radio continuum measurements within a radome. A radome scatters varying amounts of ground radiation into the receiver feed for di erent antenna positions, causing di cult-to-cancel total power uctuations as astronomical sources are tracked. Parking the telescope and allowing a source to drift through the beam largely eliminates this problem, and integration time can be built up by doing multiple drift scans on a given source. This technique has resulted in near-theoretical noise performance for the Haystack telescope, albeit with the rather low on-source duty cycle inherent in this technique. But even with the low duty cycle, multiple drift scanning has proven far superior to the standard radome-retrace beamswitching techniques used previously. Subject headings: Techniques: miscellaneous | radio continuum: general


Detailed models for all EPS components are required for accurate Electric Power System (EPS) simulations of satellites in various LEO, MEO, and GEO missions. Older and outdated models had used various power margins to over-estimate the size and weight of the satellite EPS for a given mission. Today's models incorporate the use of many sets of test data from various testing facilities to much better and more accurately predict the behavior of each component. This paper summarizes the library of the various component models currently used in such satellite simulations. The components modeled include solar array cells, solar array string and group diodes, solar array harnesses, battery cells, battery recharging efficiencies, battery charge control, battery heaters, bus diodes, cabling, and wiring. The models use various input variables in their simulation, including the effects of bus voltage, current, temperature, and age. These component models are used within the Power Suite Tools code within Lockheed Martin to perform sizing trades and BOL and EOL margin analyses. They can also be used to compare EPS behavior from on-orbit data, and to predict future transient behavior in worst-case scenarios. One major concern in the operation of such satellite systems is the prediction of the maximum state-of-discharge (SOD) of the batteries during the most challenging mission phases. The use of these PTS code models enables much more accurate simulations of EPS behavior, battery degradation, and lifetime estimates that are needed in the Aerospace Industry today.


We should not compound the negative impact of the pandemic by risking the lives of patients in need of emergent transplantation. As health care providers, we pledge to uphold the principles of medicine, including beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice, when considering the care of patients. Although the COVID19 pandemic has resulted in fear and exhaustion in the medical community, it remains our moral obligation to evaluate this patient for a lifesaving transplantation.


Methods to predict dangerousness (recidivism and institutional violence) in mentally disordered offenders are well established in the research literature. In stark contrast there have been fewer developments in the prediction of violence in offenders with learning disabilities (LD), a subgroup of mentally disordered offenders. Chapter 1 reviewed the prevalence of offending and recidivism in offenders with LD and concluded that risk assessment of violence was an area that required further research. The literature regarding the risk factors for offending in this population illustrated that it was unclear if the risk factors for offending are qualitatively different to other mentally disordered offenders without LD. This was tested in Chapter 2 and it was found that the factors related to offending in offenders with LD were not different to other mentally disordered offenders. This provided evidence for the criterion validity of 'best practice' risk assessment instruments, the VRAG, the PCL-R and the HCR- 20, already validated in mentally disordered offenders (the predictive efficacy of these instruments was also reviewed in Chapter 1). Chapter 3 and 4 tested the predictive efficacy of the VRAG, the PCL-R (and its variants) and the HCR-20 in offenders with LD by evaluating the ability of the risk assessment instruments to predict long-term re-convictions (Chapter 3) and institutional violence (Chapter 4) in offenders with LD in comparison to a control group of other mentally disordered offenders. It was found that the VRAG, the PCL- R (and its variants) and the HCR-20 have comparable or superior predictive efficacy in offenders with LD. Chapter 5 served to complement these findings with the development of a screening tool for risk of violence in offenders with LD. The research contained in this thesis has extended the evidence base on risk assessment in offenders with LD and should hopefully serve to improve evidence based practice and service provision in forensic services for people with LD.


The determination of residual chlorine with o-tolidine in saline water has been studied. The method proposed is based on the use of reverse flow injection analysis for the monitoring of chlorine in saline samples with low cost and reduction of waste production. The linearity of the method (up to 1.8 mg L -1 ) covers the chlorine concentrations used in most water treatment processes. The precision of the method was 0.93 % (RSD) for 1.4 mg L -1 chlorine. The method is also applicable to non-saline water and the limits of detection were 0.11 mgL -1 and 0.04 mg L -1 for saline and non-saline matrices, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of residual chlorine in both synthetic and real samples. The sample throughput was 60 h -1 .


China's inflation, which reached 5.4 percent on a year-over-year basis in March, is largely a product of that country's desire to closely manage the renminbi-dollar exchange rate. Over the past decade and a half, China has alternated between exchange-rate pegs or controlled renminbi appreciations, and foreign-exchange reserves have poured into the country. Despite allowing the renminbi to appreciate 23 percent on balance since 2005, the flood of reserves has only accelerated, which suggests that the renminbi remains substantially undervalued. While the exact currency composition of these reserves is unknown, economists guess that China holds roughly 65 percent in dollar-denominated assets.


My first encounter with Dr. Pat Stelmachowicz was during my first week in an audiology clinical placement at Boys Town National Research Hospital (BTNRH) during my graduate program over 20 years ago. I was sitting at the lunch table with much of the audiology staff, still trying to figure out how I had managed to land a clinical placement at such an amazing place with so many people who cared about pediatric audiology. Pat came into the room and started asking the clinical audiologists questions about how they were fitting hearing aids for children who were coming into the clinic. I assumed from the interaction that Pat was another audiologist on staff that I had yet to meet, as there were nearly 20 on staff at the time. I had no idea that I was having lunch with a leading scientist in pediatric audiology who had created an environment that would allow clinical audiologists to actively engage in research to support our patients. This very first interaction with Pat exemplified the qualities that made her a great mentor to many audiologists and scientists. Pat was first and foremost an audiologist. At the point that I met Pat for the first time, she had been working as a scientist and leading the audiology program at Boys Town for almost two decades. Pat's laboratory and office were in the audiology department, and she would engage in daily conversations with those of us who were seeing patients about our thoughts and experiences. Our clinical insights were often reflected in Pat's research papers and new experiments. Her team always knew that her door was open to ask questions or throw out ideas. These interactions exemplified Pat's intellectual curiosity and commitment to ensuring her research would have a positive impact on the children and adults with hearing loss that we served. Even at the end of her career, Pat was committed to doing research that would help audiologists and their patients. Pat also exemplified humility. There was no hierarchy when it came to discussions about science or pediatric audiology. Students and trainees were often highly regarded for their recent training and knowledge. Even as a clinical fellow working in the Audiology Department at BTNRH, Pat would often ask if I had read a specific article or whether I thought an experiment she was planning sounded like it would yield something useful. Pat viewed clinicians as collaborators, and some of her most-cited publications were co-authored by her clinical colleagues or heavily influenced by these hallway interactions and staff discussions. This issue of Seminars in Hearing contains original research and reviews on topics related to Pat Stelmachowicz's research in pediatric audiology and hearing science contributed by people who Pat mentored or were influenced by her research. Although we lost Pat in early 2021, her contributions to the field continue Pat Stelmachowicz, Ph.D.


In this work, a square-root formulation is implemented in a finite-volume numerical code and used to simulate the flow of an Oldroyd-B viscoelastic fluid in a channel and a planar cross-slot geometries. These results are validated by comparing them to previous numerical results, obtained using a standard extra-stress tensor formulation and also to analytic solution, in order to exhibit the benefits of the square-root formulation for the studied geometries.


In today's environment, companies of all sizes need to practice customer relationship marketing to gain a competitive edge. This is feasible if CRM becomes an integrated part of the marketing management paradigm. The paper suggests adding a fifth P to the marketing mix framework to seek such integration. The fifth P refers to profiling the customer. A managerial model of CRM is presented with propositions for future research on the subject.


The purpose of this study was to determine the surface roughness of enamel-to-enamel contact areas in order to provide a standard for comparison with surface characteristics of commercially available composite restorative materials. In addition, the inherent surface roughness of resin composites was evaluated profilometrically after a toothbrush abrasion procedure. A one-sided t-test analysis was performed to outline significant differences between the surface roughness value of enamel facets and that of the respective composite samples. A surface roughness of 0.64 ± 0.25 μm (mean ± S.D.) was found for the enamel-to-enamel contact areas.


The entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema kushidai, is expected to be used as a biological control agent against insect pests inhabiting in soil, especially white grubs (8, 9, 10). This nematode is accompanied by a symbiotic bacterium identified as Xenorhabudus japonicus (11). Symbiotic bacteria associated with the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis are demonstrated to play important roles in killing their host insects and also in propagation of nematodes (1). Therefore, bioassay using axenic S. kushidai may be useful to analyze the efficacious pathogenicity of S. kushidai against white grubs. Since GLASER (6) first brought S. glaseri into axenic culture, many improvements on media and techniques of axenic culture of entomopathogenic and free-living nematodes have been made (5). In the present study, the effect of "transferring" on axenic culture of S. kushidai was studied by comparing propagation of infective juveniles (IJs) treated by three different transferring methods, and this is reported here. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nematode Infective juveniles of Steinernema kushidai Hamakita strain maintained at the Forestry and Forest Products Reseach Institute were isolated from a cadaver of the cupreous chafer larva, Anomala cuprea. The nematodes were monoxenically cultured on SGLPY medium (12) at 25•Žand were subcultured monthly. Treatment before "transferring" Sterilization: Seven days after the start of S. kushidai subculture, 10 each of gravid females were sterilized by the following solution for 24 hr; 2 ml of 0.85% NaC1 solution containing 800 units penicilin, 400 jig streptomycin and 400 jig tetracycline. After sterilization, each 10 alive juveniles in the solution which had been produced by the gravid females were picked up with a needle, and used as sterilized nematodes. Culture: Sterilized nematodes were cultured on the following medium and condition. Culture bottles (1.5 x 4.0 cm base, 1.5 cm height) containing ca. 0.4 g dog food-heated liver extract (HLE) medium were prepared as follows. A 0.1 g each of powdered dog food (Gaines Hearty: Ajinomoto General Foods Corp., Japan) and 0.2 ml each of distilled water (DW) were put into culture bottles. The bottles were plugged with silicon plugs and then autoclaved at 120•Ž for 15 min. After cooling, the dog food-DW mixtures was added 0.1 ml each of HLE made from cattle liver according to SAYRE et al.(13). Nematodes were axenically subcultured with ca. 0.1 g of medium onto culture bottles containing ca. 1 g (0.25 g dog food, 0.4 ml DW and 0.3 ml HLE) of new medium at 9day interval at 25•Ž. "Transferring"


Introduction In the year 1855, Thomas Addison made the suggestion that the human adrenal gland was not merely of clinical importance, but was essential to life and his view was supported by Brown-Sequard's work with animals. The challenge was met by Evans, Smith, Rogoff, Stewart, Swingle and Pfiffner with the result that the realization of the intimate connection between the pituitary gland and the adrenal cortex stimulated the deep investigations of Reichstein, Kendall, Wintersteiner and Pfiffner. By 1940, 28 crystalline steroids had been isolated from the adrenal cortex. Clinical application of this knowledge was . slow and needed the impetus of the National Research Council for the United States, the result being the production of both cortisone and ACTH on a commercial scale following the work of Kendall, Sarett, Li, Simpson, Evans and Sayers. In 1948, at the Mayo Clinic, cortisone was administered to the first case of chronic rheumatoid arthritis with success and in 1949, Hench, Kendall, Slocumb and Polley published their results with cortisone and ACTH in this disease. Their results were confirmed by Copeman, Savage and others within a short time. The knowledge that the distressing and crippling features of rheumatoid arthritis could be suppressed by cortisone and ACTH quickly spread and, as has frequently hap· pened whenever a 'wonder-drug' has been recommended for a disabling disease, there was a natural tendency to lose sight of possible drawbacks. A warning note was sounded by a number of workers, including Howes and Bangham, the suggestion being that large doses of cortisone were associated with interference with wound-healing. This defect, with


A curve fitting approach was developed to solve the flutter equation for the critical flutter velocity. The psi versus nu curves are approximated by cubic and quadratic equations. The curve fitting technique utilized the first and second derivatives of psi with respect to nu. The method was tested for two structures, one structure being six times the total mass of the other structure. The algorithm never showed any tendency to diverge from the solution. The average time for the computation of a flutter velocity was 3.91 seconds on an IBM Model 50 computer for an accuracy of five per cent. For values of nu close to the critical root of the flutter equation the algorithm converged on the first attempt. The maximum number of iterations for convergence to the critical flutter velocity was five with an assumed value of nu relatively distant from the actual crossover.


Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology provides an inexpensive means to identify physical objects. The wide proliferation of RFID devices, or tags, in our everyday life, such as electronic identity documents and contactless transportation tickets, raises both security and privacy concerns. On the one hand, RFID tag identification does not guarantee authenticity: the identifiers stored in RFID tags used for object identification can be copied, creating, in fact, indistinguishable clones of the original tags/objects. RFID tag authentication solutions provide a means to verify claimed identities. However, a number of challenges must be faced when designing such solutions, in particular related to constrained (in size, power, cost) tags. On the other hand, RFID technology raises several privacy concerns regarding both clandestine tracking of final consumers and disclosure of confidential information by business partners employing RFID systems. These concerns may dramatically limit the deployment of RFID technology. In this thesis, we first explore tag authentication and clone detection techniques suitable for constrained RFID tags. Then, we investigate the privacy implications of the explored techniques. In the first part of this thesis, we propose and evaluate tag authentication and clone detection techniques based on physical-layer fingerprinting and tracing information. The proposed physical-layer techniques aim at uniquely distinguishing RFID tags through their physical-layer fingerprints, i.e., using characteristics that tags show in the transmitted RF signals. Differently, the proposed technique based on tracing information aims at detecting cloned RFID tags by analyzing tag-related information collected by the different entities employing an RFID system. We find that our techniques provide reliable tag authentication / clone detection suitable for constrained RFID tags. In the second part of this thesis, we investigate the privacy implications of the proposed tag authentication / clone detection techniques. We first explore the practicality of tracking people carrying RFID tags by means of the physical-layer fingerprints of their tags. We demonstrate that tracking people carrying RFID tags is feasible and practical, even in the presence of upper-layer protection measures (e.g., encryption). Then, we propose and evaluate a protocol that provides information privacy for clone detection based on tracing information. We show that our protocol allows a set of entities to collaboratively detect clones without disclosing information on their collected tag-related information or their relationships.


Objectives. To estimate the population-level frequencies and standardized rates of sexual assault cases in the province of Ontario, Canada. Methods. We conducted a 15-year retrospective analysis (2002-2016) of sexual assault cases by linking 5 provincial administrative health databases. We defined sexual assault by an algorithm of 23 International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, and physician billing codes. We calculated age- and sex-stratified standardized rates per 100 000 census population, and we used age- and sex-stratified Poisson regressions to determine annual rate ratios. Results. Between 2002 and 2016, there were 52 780 incident cases of sexual assault in Ontario at a rate of 27.38 per 100 000 population. The highest rates were found among females aged 15 to 19 years (187 per 100 000) and 20 to 24 years (127 per 100 000). Among males, the highest rates were observed among children aged 0 to 4 years (41 per 100 000) and 5 to 9 years (29 per 10 000). Among males and females, the annual rate ratio increased among those aged 15 years and older and decreased among those aged 14 years and younger. Conclusions. Sexual assault was documented across all age groups and sexes, from children to elders, with high standardized rates among adolescents and children. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print July 18, 2019: e1-e8. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2019.305179).


This article explores how action learning undertaken in a network in the transportation equipment industry enabled a supply chain network, established to deliver customer service and productivity, to generate shared operational and strategic insight into collaborative improvement, leading to systemic change and improved practice and performance in the network's strategic operations. The process describes how the network began as a strategic network, grounded in economic transaction, transitioned to becoming a transformational network based on open collaborative relations. It highlights interorganizational or network learning, types of networks, the dynamics of collaborative improvement, and action learning as an experiential process for learning-in-action.


In recent years tomatoes have been peeled using steam and lye. Both are costlier, less environmentally friendly and highly polluting techniques. Thus, more sustainable alternatives should be sought after. Among these alternatives is radiative heating. To appropriately design the system for dry peeling, several typical operational characteristics of the process in issue must be estimated. The analytical model presented allows estimates to be made through closed-form relationships between the parameters involved. The analysis is based on the use of an appropriate theoretical model, which facilitates the solution to the proposed problems. Through the approximate solution of the analytical problem, we will analyse: the angular speed Ω, the temperature fluctuations ΔT0, the process time tc. These estimates are then used to derive a specific model for a control of process. The temperature profile (through an approximate solution) associated with the process that provides the optimum peel quality was utilized as a guide for the regulation system. A control system used the code to extract a specific temperature, and based on surface tomato temperature readings, controlled a brushless motor using a logic strategy. The regulating system can adjust the rotation speed, and hence the heating intensity, even under less than perfect operating conditions in order to obtain the appropriate profile temperature. The controlled temperature profile yielded an average temperature of 66.3°C, while the reference case yielded a temperature of 67°C. Additionally, it was found that the temperature inaccuracy decreased with each rotation, ranging from 2.5 °C at 2π to 0.3 °C at 16π. As a result, the peeling procedure is standardized in time, temperature, and quality.


The present invention relates to an ultrasonic, eddy current, and non-destructive thickness EMAT integration and a method which comprises an excitation module, a pre-processing module receives the analog switch, A / D converter, a self-checking module, the microcontroller MCU, CPU module, a power supply module, CPU peripheral display memory, the pre-excitation module and the reception module is connected, the reception pre-processing module is connected to the analog switch, the analog switch and the A / D converter connected to the A / D converter is connected to an MCU, the self-check module connected to an MCU, the excitation module comprising a module ultrasonic excitation, and the excitation module EMAT vortex excitation module; pre-processing module receives the pre-processing module comprises an ultrasound receiver vortex receiving and pre-processing module receives the pre-processing module EMAT. By the present invention, ultrasonic, eddy current and three combined EMAT, increased measurement results comparable to reduce the false positive rate when a single measurement method, while overcoming the limitations of a single measurement method.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin A in conjunction with Wuida
techniques in the treatment of lower limbs spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. Methods Forty patients were
divided randomly into a treatment group and a control group. The 18 patients in the treatment group were treated
with Botulinum toxin A injection and Wuida rehabilitation techniques, the other 22 patients with Wuida techniques
solely served as control. All the patients were evaluated with Physician Rating Scale (PRS) and Ashworth Scale.
Results Botulinum toxin A in conjunction with Wuida techniques significantly improved in the lower limbs func-
tion of the patients at 3 days after treatment(P 0. 05 ), and was significantly superior to the intervention for con-
trol group in terms of the effectiveness at 2 weeks (P 0. 05 ). Conclusion Botulinum toxin A in eombination
with Wuida techniques were effective for reducing spasticity in children with eerebral palsy.


Objective To introduce a quick, efficient, accurate and digital method of 3S spatial technology for snail survey in ditches. Method Data of ditch system and ground control point were collected by GPS and then processed by GIS and RS software. Then, the ditch map and RS image were matched by geo coordinate, and the ditch map patched by RS image so as to build up the snail survey map. After input the snail survey data into GIS software, GIS database of snail situation was at last established. Result Accurate snail survey map containing abundance of geographic information was created and database of snail situation established. Conclusion The result showed that spatial technology wsa practical and would offer a method for snail survey in ditches with higher efficiency.


Simulation step-size optimization based on an analytical step-size selection rule is extended to the waveform level simulation of polarized optical signal propagation through single mode optical fiber. Using local error bound obtained from a scalar simulation package, the prescribed global simulation accuracy can be satisfied in the simulation of propagation of optical signals through dispersion managed optical communication links. The developed simulation package based on the proposed step-size optimization method can significantly speed up the time-consuming simulations which are typical in the coherent optical fiber communication system design.


The invention provides a wall-mounted air conditioner which comprises a shell, an air inlet, a first air outlet, a heat exchanger and a cross-flow fan. The air inlet is formed in the shell, the first air outlet is formed in the lower portion of the shell, the heat exchanger is arranged in the shell, and the cross-flow fan is mounted in the shell and used for enabling air flow entering from the air inlet to be discharged from the first air outlet; the wall-mounted air conditioner further comprises a second air outlet, a centrifugal fan and a driving mechanism, the second air outlet is arranged in the upper portion of the shell, the centrifugal fan is mounted in the shell and used for enabling the air flow entering from the air inlet to be discharged from the second air outlet, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the cross-flow fan and the centrifugal fan to rotate. The second air outlet is additionally arranged in the topmost of an existing wall-mounted air conditioner, so that structural defect that the air conditioner blows air obliquely and downwardly is eliminated, and cold air of the air conditioner can be completely prevented from being blown to people; in addition, good outlet airflow organizing and regulating capacities are achieved under different conditions of cooling, heating and the like, free regulation can be achieved according to preferences of users, comfortableness of indoor environment can be improved, and user's satisfaction can be improved.


In this paper, a lab-bench of a water level control system is fabricated. The fabricated water level system consists of two water tanks and one supply tank with similar dimensions. In the lab-bench, one variable speed drive (VSD), one 3-phase 0.75kW motor, two linear variable displacement transducer (LVDT), one paddle wheel i.e. a water flow sensor as well as CX-Programmer and CX-Designer are incorporated into the design. The first phase of the project is to monitor and manually control the work bench utilizing CX-Programmer (PLC) and VSD. PLC Omron is used to control the system, meanwhile CX-Designer is used to provide a human machine interface (HMI) for the lab-bench. The first phase of the water level system is completed successfully with the proposed workbench successfully monitored and the motor speed is varied manually via VSD. Initial analysis of the sensors utilized are presented for future references for the next phase of the project. The fabricated system is capable to operate manually and automatically through a monitoring system utilizing CX-Programmer.